hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bengaluru City University
Dr. Manmohan Singh Bengaluru City University (BCU), formerly Bengaluru City University, is a state university located in Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. It was formed in 2017 and renamed in 2025 in the honour of Dr Manmohan Singh, former Prime Minister of India.

State university (India)
In India, state universities are run and funded by the state government of each of the states of India.

Following the adoption of the Constitution of India in 1950, education became a state responsibility. Following a constitutional change in 1976, it became a joint responsibility of the states and the central government.

As of 23 August 2022, the UGC lists 456 state universities.
What Would Sal Do?
What Would Sal Do? is a Canadian television comedy series, which premiered on CraveTV in 2017 and aired on Super Channel in 2018.

The series stars Dylan Taylor as Sal, an aimless and self-centred underachiever in Sudbury, Ontario, who discovers that he is actually the Second Coming of Jesus Christ, and must learn to become a better person in preparation for his destiny. The series also stars Jennifer Dale as his mother Maria, Ryan McDonald as his best friend Vince, Kaniehtiio Horn as his love interest Nicole, and Scott Thompson as Father Luke.

The cast also includes Robin Brûlé, Jason Blicker, K. Trevor Wilson, Jesse Camacho, Jim Calarco, Eric Peterson, Paula Brancati, Sean Cullen, Scott Cavalheiro and Lisa Codrington in supporting roles.

According to series creator Andrew DeAngelis, the series is not meant to mock religion per se, but to simply explore the concept of an antihero striving to become a better person.

Ryan McDonald (Canadian actor)
Ryan James McDonald (born August 5, 1984) is a Canadian actor. He is sometimes mistakenly credited as Ryan MacDonald. He is most noted for his performance in the film Black Conflux, for which he was a Canadian Screen Award nominee for Best Actor at the 8th Canadian Screen Awards.
Joseph Calasanza von Arneth
Joseph Calasanza, Ritter von Arneth (12 August 1791 – 31 October 1863) was an Austrian numismatist and archæologist, born at Leopoldschlag, Upper Austria.  He became custodian of the Cabinet of Coins and Antiquities in Vienna, and director of that institution in 1840, in which capacity he rendered very valuable services to the department of numismatics. Among his more important works are:

Synopsis Numorum Grœcorum (1837)

Synopsis Numorum Romanorum (1842)

Das k. k. Münz- und Antikenkabinett (1845)

Die antiken Kameen des k. k. Munz- und Antikenkabinetts (1849)

Die Cinque-Cento-Kameen und Arbeiten des Benvenuto Cellini und seiner Zeitgenossen (1858)

He was the father of Alfred von Arneth. In 1851 he received a medal in occasion of his anniversary of working at the Cabinet of Coins and Antiquities in Vienna.

Leopoldschlag
Leopoldschlag is a municipality in the district of Freistadt in the Austrian state of Upper Austria. It is located on the European continental divide between the watershed of the Elbe and the Danube, on the border with the Czech Republic.
Mike Colsten
Michael Colsten (January 18, 1949 – January 3, 2020) was an American dirt modified racing driver, credited with over 150 career feature event wins, driving a Ford powered stock car in a sport dominated by Chevrolets.

Modified racing
Modified stock car racing, also known as modified racing and modified, is a type of auto racing that involves purpose-built cars simultaneously racing against each other on oval tracks. First established in the United States after World War II, this type of racing was early-on characterized by its participants' modification of passenger cars in pursuit of higher speeds, hence the name.

There are many sanctioning bodies for modifieds, each specifying different body styles and engine sizes.
Palo Alto Airport
Palo Alto Airport (IATA: PAO, ICAO: KPAO, FAA LID: PAO) is a general aviation airport in the city of Palo Alto in Santa Clara County, California, United States, near the south end of San Francisco Bay on the western shore.

Airspace
Airspace is the portion of the atmosphere controlled by a country above its territory and territorial waters that fall under the country's sovereignty and regulatory control.

Internationally, allocation and management of airspace is coordinated by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), which was established through the Chicago Convention in 1947 to unify air traffic. ICAO organizes airspace into Flight Information Regions (FIRs) and provides classification guidelines. National authorities, such as the FAA, CAA, or EASA implement rules and regulations for air traffic control, special-use airspace, and enforcement within their own FIRs.

Airspace can be used for both civilian flight and for defense or military operations, and countries are responsible for protecting their own airspace using measures such as air policing. Legal and technical challenges include the vertical boundary between airspace and outer space and temporary restrictions such as NOTAMs or TFRs.
Cybernetics and Human Knowing
Cybernetics and Human Knowing: A Journal of Second Order Cybernetics, Autopoiesis & Cyber-Semiotics is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal covering autopoiesis, biosemiotics, cognition, complexity, cybersemiotics, hermeneutics, information theory, linguistics, second-order cybernetics, semiotics, and systems theory, among others. The journal was established in 1992 and is published by Imprint Academic with Søren Brier (Copenhagen Business School) as editor-in-chief.

The journal's inception was initially supported by the Danish Academy for Practical Philosophy and the American Society for Cybernetics (ASC) with contributing editors and funding (ASC). The journal usually contains six different sections: the issue editors' foreword, peer-reviewed articles, an expert column, an ASC column, book reviews, and a featured artist artworks. Occasionally the journal dedicates an issue to publish conference proceedings and special topics.

Autopoiesis
The term autopoiesis (from Greek  αὐτo- (auto) 'self' and  ποίησις (poiesis) 'creation, production'), one of several current theories of life, refers to a system capable of producing and maintaining itself by creating its own parts.
The term was introduced in the 1972 publication Autopoiesis and Cognition: The Realization of the Living  by Chilean biologists Humberto Maturana and Francisco Varela to define the self-maintaining chemistry of living cells.

The concept has since been applied to the fields of cognition, neurobiology, systems theory, architecture and sociology. Niklas Luhmann briefly introduced the concept of autopoiesis to organizational theory.
Sar Pass Trek
The Sar Pass is in Parvati Valley of Kullu district of Himachal Pradesh, a state of India.

Sar, in the local dialect, means a lake. While trekking across the path from Tila Lotni to Biskeri Ridge, one has to pass by a small, usually frozen lake (Sar) and hence the name Sar Pass Trek.

Parvati Valley
Parvati Valley is a Himalayan valley situated in the northern Indian state of Himachal Pradesh. From the confluence of the Parvati River with the River Beas, the valley runs eastwards, through a steep-sided valley from the town of Bhuntar, in the Kullu district of Himachal Pradesh in Northern India.
Nancha Town
Nancha Town (simplified Chinese: 南岔镇; traditional Chinese: 南岔鎮; pinyin: Nánchà Zhèn) is a town of central Nancha County, Yichun, Heilongjiang, China about 75 kilometres (47 miles) southwest of the city proper of Yichun. As of 2011, it has 6 residential communities (社区) under its administration.

Before 2016, the communities and villages administrated by Nancha Town belonged to the districts of Lianhe, Dongsheng, and Xishui. In 2016, Yichun government decided to cancel these districts, and administrate those areas directly by the then Nancha district. In June 2019, during the conversion of Nancha from district to county, Yichun decide to establish Nancha Town to administrate those areas.

Nancha County
Nancha (Chinese: 南岔县; pinyin: Nánchà xiàn) is a county in Heilongjiang Province, China. It is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Yichun. The county was re-organized from the former Nancha District (南岔区) by the Chinese State Council in 2019. The county seat is Lianhe Subdistrict (联合街道).
Mettmenstetten railway station
Mettmenstetten is a railway station in the Swiss canton of Zurich, situated in the municipality of Mettmenstetten. The station is located on the Zurich to Zug via Affoltern am Albis railway line, within fare zone 156 of the Zürcher Verkehrsverbund (ZVV).

Canton of Zurich
The canton of Zurich is an administrative unit (canton) of Switzerland, situated in the northeastern part of the country. With a population of 1,553,423 (as of 31 December 2020), it is the most populous canton of Switzerland. Zurich is the de facto capital of the canton, but is not specifically mentioned in the constitution. The official language is German. The local Swiss German dialect, called Züritüütsch, is commonly spoken.

The canton has the highest Human Development Index score (0.993) out of 1,790 subnational regions as of 2022. It is also a global financial center and has the fourth-highest GRP in Switzerland behind Basel-Stadt, Zug and Geneva by GDP per capita.
Powhatan (given name)
Powhatan is a masculine given name. The best-known bearer of the name is Powhatan (Native American leader) (1545–1618), leader of the Powhatan tribe and father of Pocahontas.

Others with the name include:

Powhatan Beaty (1837–1916), African-American soldier and actor awarded the Medal of Honor

Powhatan Henry Clarke (1862–1893), United States Army first lieutenant awarded the Medal of Honor

Powhatan Ellis (1790–1863), American politician and judge, Senator from Mississippi

Powhatan Gordon (1802–1879), American farmer and state senator

Powhatan B. Locke (c. 1828–1868), justice of the Territorial Supreme Court of Nevada

Powhatan Ellis
Powhatan Ellis (January 17, 1790 – March 18, 1863) was a justice of the Mississippi Supreme Court, United States senator from Mississippi, and a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Mississippi.
Take Your Chance (album)
Take Your Chance is the debut studio album by German recording artist Alexander Klaws. It was released by Sony BMG on Hansa Records on 8 April 2003 in German-speaking Europe, following his win of the debut season of Deutschland sucht den Superstar in 2003.

Deutschland sucht den Superstar
Deutschland sucht den Superstar (DSDS; "Germany is looking for the Superstar") is a German reality talent show. Part of the Idol franchise, it was created by British media mogul Simon Fuller as a spin-off from the British show Pop Idol, of which two series were broadcast between the years of 2001 and 2003. Debuting to mediocre ratings in November 2002 on the RTL network, the show has since become one of the most successful shows on German television.

The program aims to discover the best singer in the country through a series of nationwide auditions in which viewer voting determines the winner. Voting is done through phone and SMS text voting.

In July 2022, RTL announced that the show would discontinue after the conclusion of the 20th season in 2023. In the first live show of the 20th season it was announced that there will be a 21st season in 2024.
Agarak, Meghri
Agarak (Armenian: Ագարակ) is a village in the Meghri Municipality of the Syunik Province in southern Armenia, founded in 1949. As of 2011, the population of Agarak was 4,429 and the population of Agarak as of 2022 was 3,210.

The village is located on the left bank of river Araks River, 9 km southwest of Meghri on the Armenia–Iran border. The border crossing at Agarak is Armenia's sole border crossing with Iran, with the Iranian village of Nurduz located across the border. The village had a railway station on the demolished and non-functioning branch of the Yerevan-Nakhchivan-Horadiz railway.

Syunik Province
Syunik (Armenian: Սյունիք, pronounced [sjuˈnikʰ] ⓘ) is the southernmost province of Armenia. It is bordered by the Vayots Dzor Province to the north, Azerbaijan's Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic exclave to the west, Azerbaijan to the east, and Iran to the south. Its capital and largest city is the town of Kapan. The Statistical Committee of Armenia reported its population was 114,488 in the 2022 census, down from 141,771 at the 2011 census and 152,684 at the 2001 census.
Newbolt
Newbolt is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Sir Henry Newbolt (1862–1938), English poet

Sir Francis Newbolt (1863-1940), English barrister, judge, writer and etcher

John Henry Newbolt (1769–1823), English judge and founder of the Madras Literary Society

William Newbolt (1844–1930), British Anglican priest and theologian

Francis Newbolt
Sir Francis George Newbolt KC FCS (21 November 1863 – 5 December 1940) was a British barrister, judge, etcher and writer. He was the Recorder of Doncaster between 1916 and 1920, and the Official Referee for the Supreme Court between 1920 and 1936, as well as being Chancellor of the Diocese of Exeter and Bradford and Chairman of the Devon Quarter Session. He was the first honorary Professor of Law at the Royal Academy of Arts.
David W. Hurst
David W. Hurst (c. 1820s – 1882) was a justice of the Supreme Court of Mississippi in 1863, and nominally until 1865.

Born in Amite County, Mississippi, both of Hurst's parents died in his childhood, and his education thereafter "was such as could be got in the local schools [in the 1830s], by boys of limited means". Hurst began reading law "before he had attained his majority", and after gaining admission to the bar in Mississippi, practiced law for forty years in that state. During the American Civil War, Hurst was a colonel in the 33rd Mississippi Regiment. An 1899 history of the court noted that Hurst "was in October, 1863, elected to fill the unexpired term of Justice Smith, but the courts were then closed and his occupancy of the bench was merely nominal".

Hurst did not seek reelection.

He died at his home in Pike County, Mississippi, in his fifties.

Pike County, Mississippi
Pike County is a county located on the southwestern border of the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2020 census, the population was 40,324. The county seat is Magnolia. Pike County is named for explorer Zebulon Pike. Pike County is part of the McComb, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area.
San Benedetto del Tronto Waterfront
The San Benedetto del Tronto Waterfront (Italian Lungomare di San Benedetto del Tronto), is a long tree-lined avenue of San Benedetto del Tronto, Italy, Europe. It is equipped with roadway for motor vehicle, cycle and pedestrian paths, sculpture's, fitness equipment and views of the Adriatic Sea. A peculiar characteristic is the abundant presence of thousands of palm trees, mainly of the P.canariensis, Washingtonia and P. sylvestris.

Carriageway
A carriageway (British English) or roadway (North American English) is a width of road on which a vehicle is not restricted by any physical barriers or separation to move laterally. A carriageway generally consists of a number of traffic lanes together with any associated shoulder, but may be a sole lane in width (for example, a highway offramp).
2014 in Queensland soccer
The 2014 Football Queensland season was the second season since NPL Queensland commenced as the top tier of Queensland men's football. Below NPL Queensland is a regional structure of ten zones with their own leagues. The strongest of the zones is Football Brisbane with its senior men's competition consisting of five divisions.

The NPL Queensland premiers qualified for the National Premier Leagues finals series, competing with the other state federation champions in a final knockout tournament to decide the National Premier Leagues Champion for 2014.

Brisbane Strikers FC
Brisbane Strikers Football Club is an Australian semi-professional football club based in Brisbane, Queensland. Founded in 1991 as Brisbane United, the club competed in the National Soccer League until the 2003–04 season.

Brisbane Strikers currently competes in the Football Queensland Premier League, with home matches played at Perry Park.
The Engineers and the Price System
The Engineers and the Price System, by Thorstein Veblen, is a compilation of a series of papers originally published in The Dial in 1921, each of which mainly analyzes and criticizes the price system, planned obsolescence, and artificial scarcity. The final chapter outlined a plan for a "soviet of technicians", which he emphasized was very far from being politically possible at the time. The book, along with other works of Veblen, became influential in the formation of the technocracy movement in the 1930s.

Price system
In economics, a price system is a system through which the valuations of any forms of property (tangible or intangible) are determined. All societies use price systems in the allocation and exchange of resources as a consequence of scarcity. Even in a barter system with no money, price systems are still utilized in the determination of exchange ratios (relative valuations) between the properties being exchanged.

A price system may be either a regulated price system (such as a fixed price system) where prices are administered by an authority, or it may be a free price system (such as a market system) where prices are left to float "freely" as determined by supply and demand without the intervention of an authority. A mixed price system involves a combination of both regulated and free price systems.
Robert (robot name)
Robots named Robert, Robbie/Robby, Rob, and the like, reflect an alliteration trope in science fiction in which robots are given names starting with the letter "r", and particularly with the phoneme "rob". Isaac Asimov noted this in-universe in the short story, "Christmas Without Rodney", in which a character says: "There's no law about it, but you've probably noticed for yourself that almost every robot has a name beginning with R. R for robot, I suppose. The usual name is Robert. There must be a million robot Roberts in the northeast corridor alone". This trope has appeared not only in the English language, but also in languages such as German and Russian. Robots named following this trope include:

Rob the Robot (TV series)
Rob the Robot is a Canadian-Singaporean-British-Australian animated television series based on the children's book series of the same name by John Magart, that originally aired from September 6, 2010, to February 25, 2013. It also aired on Australia's Seven Network and ABC Me in Brisbane (BTQ-7 Brisbane), and is currently on America's Vme Kids. The series is a co-production between Amberwood Entertainment and Singapore's One Animation and was commissioned by Canada's TVO, British Columbia's Knowledge Network, CBC's Radio Canada Television, and Access. 104 episodes were produced.
Amber van der Hulst
Amber van der Hulst (born 21 September 1999) is a Dutch professional racing cyclist, who currently rides for UCI Women's WorldTeam Liv AlUla Jayco. In June 2019, at the European Games in Minsk, she won a silver medal in the madison event.

Omloop van de Westhoek
The Omloop van de Westhoek is a one-day road cycling race held annually near Ichtegem, West Flanders, Belgium since 1955. After the death of cyclist Stive Vermaut in 2004, the official name of the race was changed to Omloop van de Westhoek-Memorial Stive Vermaut. A women's edition was held in 2018 as a UCI category 1.2 event and in 2021 as a 1.1 rated event. The men's race has not been held since 2017, and the women's has not been held since 2021.
Takamitsu Azuma
Takamitsu Azuma (東 孝光, Azuma Takamitsu; September 20, 1933 – June 18, 2015) was a Japanese architect, and winner of the 1995 the Prize of AIJ (Architectural Institute of Japan). He was a follower of Le Corbusier and was one of the most significant architects of the 20th century, combining traditional Japanese styles with modernism, and designed new types of houses symbolized living in the metropolis.

Metropolis
A metropolis is a large city or conurbation which is a significant economic, political, and cultural area for a country or region, and an important hub for regional or international connections, commerce, and communications.

A big city belonging to a larger urban agglomeration, but which is not the core of that agglomeration, is not generally considered a metropolis but a part of it. The plural of the word is metropolises, although the Latin plural is metropoles, from the Greek metropoleis (μητρoπόλεις).

For urban areas outside metropolitan areas that generate a similar attraction on a smaller scale for their region, the concept of the regiopolis ("regio" for short) was introduced by urban and regional planning researchers in Germany in 2006.
State Forest State Park
State Forest State Park is a Colorado State Park located in Jackson and Larimer counties east of Walden, Colorado, United States. The 70,838-acre (286.67 km2) park was established in 1970 in the Medicine Bow Range of the Rocky Mountains. Facilities include a visitors' center, 187 campsites (including RV and tent sites), over 60 dispersed camping sites, 15 cabins and yurts, picnic sites, boat ramps and 94 miles (151 km) of hiking trails.

About 52,000 acres (210 km2) of the park are forested in lodgepole pine, Douglas fir, Colorado blue spruce, aspen and other species. An unprecedented epidemic of Mountain pine beetle is currently reshaping the park's flora landscape. Wildlife in the park includes moose ("Moose is our claim to fame"), bighorn sheep, black bear, mule deer and elk. North Park is considered the moose viewing capital of Colorado, with over 600 moose to be observed year-round.

Wild camping
Wild camping or dispersed camping is the act of camping in areas other than designated camping sites. Typically this means open countryside. This can form part of backpacking or bikepacking, possibly along a long-distance trail.
Kennebec, North Carolina
Kennebec is a small unincorporated community in southern Wake County, North Carolina, United States, along the border of Harnett County.  The community is situated along North Carolina Highway 55 and is the site of the Fuquay-Angier Airfield (Kennebec Flying Club). Much of the area has been recently annexed by the Harnett County town of Angier.  Kennebec was named for Kennebec County, Maine (Powell 1968, p. 262).  The community was also a stop on the former Durham and Southern Railway.

Angier, North Carolina
Angier (/ˈændʒɜːr/ AN-jur) is a town in the Black River Township of Harnett County, North Carolina, United States. As of the 2020 census, Angier had a population of 5,265. Angier is a part of the greater Raleigh–Durham–Cary Combined Statistical Area (CSA) as defined by the United States Census Bureau.