hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pitchfork bifurcation
In bifurcation theory, a field within mathematics, a pitchfork bifurcation is a particular type of local bifurcation where the system transitions from one fixed point to three fixed points. Pitchfork bifurcations, like Hopf bifurcations, have two types – supercritical and subcritical.

In continuous dynamical systems described by ODEs—i.e. flows—pitchfork bifurcations occur generically in systems with symmetry.

Ordinary differential equation
In mathematics, an ordinary differential equation (ODE) is a differential equation (DE) dependent on only a single independent variable. As with any other DE, its unknown(s) consists of one (or more) function(s) and involves the derivatives of those functions. The term "ordinary" is used in contrast with partial differential equations (PDEs) which may be with respect to more than one independent variable, and, less commonly, in contrast with stochastic differential equations (SDEs) where the progression is random.
Sugar house prisons in New York City
Sugar houses in New York City were used as makeshift prisons by British forces during the American Revolutionary War. Three different sugar houses were used to house American prisoners of war along with public buildings and prison ships. The first batch of American prisoners to be imprisoned in the sugar houses were 2,837 men who had been captured during the Battle of Fort Washington on November 16, 1776. All three houses were overcrowded and the prisoners contained within them only received supplies from American authorities and private citizens. The British continued to use the sugar houses as prisons until they evacuated New York City in 1783.

Evacuation Day (New York)
Evacuation Day on November 25 marks the day in 1783 when British forces evacuated New York City after the Treaty of Paris led to the end of the American Revolutionary War. In their wake, General George Washington led the Continental Army from his headquarters north of the city across the Harlem River and south through Manhattan to the Battery at its southern tip.
Tony Panaccion
Victor Samuel "Tony" Panaccion (September 11, 1908 – March 26, 1986) was an American football player.

Panaccion was born in 1908 in Jenkintown, Pennsylvania. He attended Jenkintown High School and Pennsylvania State University. He played college football for the Penn State Nittany Lions from 1926 to 1929. He won a spot in the starting lineup as a sophomore in 1927.

He played professional football in the National Football League (NFL) as a tackle for the Frankford Yellow Jackets in 1930. He appeared in four NFL games, three as a starter.

He served in the U.S. Navy during World War II with the rank of lieutenant. He died in 1986 at age 78 in Bryn Mawr Hospital.

Frankford Yellow Jackets
The Frankford Yellow Jackets (sometimes called Frankford Yellowjackets) were a professional American football team, part of the National Football League from 1924 to 1931, although its origin dates back to as early as 1899 with the Frankford Athletic Association. The Yellow Jackets won the NFL championship in 1926. The team played its home games from 1923 in Frankford Stadium (also called Yellow Jacket Field) in Frankford, Philadelphia, a neighborhood in the northeast of Philadelphia, noted for the Market–Frankford Line that terminates there.
Wellsville Daily Reporter
The Wellsville Daily Reporter is an American daily newspaper published Sundays and weekdays in Wellsville, New York. The Daily Reporter is the newspaper of record for Allegany County, New York, and the only daily published in the county. Its Sunday edition is called The Spectator and published in conjunction with The Evening Tribune of Hornell, New York.

Wellsville (village), New York
Wellsville is a village in Allegany County, New York, United States. Located in south-central wooded and rural Allegany County, it is the largest population and business center in a 30-mile (48 km) radius. The population was 4,587 at the 2020 census. The village's name is not, as some suppose, derived from the oil wells that became an important economic part of the area, but rather for Gardiner Wells, a local businessman.

The village of Wellsville is circumscribed by the town of Wellsville, adding another approximately 3,000 people to the population (approx. 7,000 combined village and town). Alfred State College maintains a branch by the south end of the village. Wellsville Airport, Tarantine Field, located to the west of the village, provides general aviation and charter services.
Paul Trautmann
Paul Trautmann (born 16 December 1916, date of death unknown) was a German ice hockey player who competed for the German national team at the 1936 Winter Olympics in Garmisch-Partenkirchen. He played club hockey for Berliner Schlittschuhclub.

Germany men's national ice hockey team
The German men's national ice hockey team is the national ice hockey team of Germany and is controlled by the German Ice Hockey Federation. It first participated in serious international competition at the 1911 European Hockey Championship. When Germany was split after World War II, a separate East Germany national ice hockey team existed until 1990. By 1991, the West and East German teams and players were merged into the United German team. The team's head coach is Harold Kreis.

Germany has won several medals at the World Championships, including three silver medals in 1930, 1953 and 2023, as well as a silver medal at the 2018 Winter Olympics, the team's biggest success in the 21st century.
Hannacrois Creek
Hannacrois Creek is a 20.9-mile-long (33.6 km) tributary to the Hudson River in the U.S. state of New York. From its source in Westerlo it flows through Dunbar Hollows and over Dickinson Falls to the Alcove Reservoir. It then passes through Coeymans Hollow and just into Greene County to its mouth at the Hudson River in Coeymans, New York.

Hannacrois Creek has a drainage area of over 60 square miles (160 km2).

Variant names of the creek include Hannacroix Creek, Haanadrois Creek, and Hannekraai, among others. The name translates to the Dutch "Rooster crowing".  There is a story that the early Dutch settlers here saw a rooster come floating down the creek on a block of ice, so the creek became known as the Hannekraai, meaning "cock-crowing" creek.  The settlement of Hannacroix also took its name from the creek.

Westerlo, New York
Westerlo is a town in Albany County, New York, United States. The population was 3,194 at the 2020 census.

The town is on the southern border of Albany County and is served by New York State Route 143.
Jonathan Hill Jacocks House
Jonathan Hill Jacocks House is a historic plantation house located in New Hope Township, Perquimans County, North Carolina.   It is a large, two-story, frame dwelling consisting of two houses joined in an L-plan configuration.  The older section is a two-story, three-bay, single pile Federal style frame structure.  About 1838, it was enlarged to a central hall plan with six bays, and with a two-story rear ell.  It was also renovated in the Greek Revival style.  A full width portico with Doric order columns was added about 1847–1848.

The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1998.

Perquimans County, North Carolina
Perquimans County (/pɜːrˈkwɪmənz/ pur-KWIM-unz) is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 13,005. Its county seat is Hertford. The Harvey Point Defense Testing Activity facility is located in Perquimans County.
Hamster zona-free ovum test
The hamster zona-free ovum test (HZFO test), or hamster egg-penetration test, or sometimes just hamster test, is an in-vitro test used to study physiological profile of spermatozoa.  The primary application of the test is to diagnose male infertility caused by sperm unable to penetrate the ova. The test has limited value, due to expense and a high false negative rate.

Egg cell
The egg cell or ovum (pl.: ova) is the female reproductive cell, or gamete, in most anisogamous organisms (organisms that reproduce sexually with a larger, female gamete and a smaller, male one). The term is used when the female gamete is not capable of movement (non-motile). If the male gamete (sperm) is capable of movement, the type of sexual reproduction is also classified as oogamous. A nonmotile female gamete formed in the oogonium of some algae, fungi, oomycetes, or bryophytes is an oosphere. When fertilized, the oosphere becomes the oospore.

When egg and sperm fuse together during fertilisation, a diploid cell (the zygote) is formed, which rapidly grows into a new organism.
Revolution (Crematory album)
Revolution is the eighth studio album by German gothic metal band Crematory. It was released on 3 May 2004 through German record label Nuclear Blast. The album was their first release after the band's three year dissolution. The album was released in an enhanced digipack version.

Nuclear Blast Records
Nuclear Blast Records is a German record label with subsidiaries in Germany, the United States and Brazil. It was founded in 1987 by Markus Staiger in Donzdorf. Originally releasing hardcore punk records, the label moved on to releasing albums by thrash metal, melodic death metal, grindcore, industrial metal, power metal and black metal bands, as well as tribute albums. It also distributes and promotes post-hardcore/metalcore labels SharpTone Records. Another post-hardcore/metalcore label, Arising Empire, was in Nuclear Blast's portfolio until its acquisition by Kontor New Media in 2020.

In October 2018, French independent label Believe Digital acquired a majority stake in Nuclear Blast.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1507
United Nations Security Council resolution 1507 is a United Nation Security Council resolution that was adopted unanimously on 12 September 2003. After reaffirming all resolutions on the situation between Eritrea and Ethiopia, particularly Resolution 1466 (2003), the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Mission in Ethiopia and Eritrea (UNMEE) until 15 March 2004.

The resolution was adopted after the Secretary-General Kofi Annan reported that both Ethiopia and Eritrea had failed to initiate a political dialogue, resulting in a "cold peace". Both countries had agreed to recognise the new border demarcation though it had not been implemented.

United Nations Mission in Ethiopia and Eritrea
The United Nations Mission in Ethiopia and Eritrea (UNMEE) was established by the United Nations Security Council in July 2000 to monitor a ceasefire in the border war that began in 1998 between Ethiopia and Eritrea. First military troops Netherlands - Canadian battalion 'NECBAT' arrived and established bases in the region in December 2000.

The mission was formally abandoned in July 2008 after experiencing serious difficulties in sustaining its troops due to fuel stoppages and after due consideration of remaining options.
Togba Traoré
Togba Traoré is a Guinean politician who represents the constituency of Lola, in the National Assembly (Guinea). He is a member of the Majority Rally of the Guinean People Party of former president Alpha Conde.

National Assembly (Guinea)
The unicameral Assemblée nationale or National Assembly is Guinea's legislative body. Since the country's birth in 1958, it has experienced political turmoil, and elections have been called at irregular intervals, and only since 1995 have they been more than approval of a one-party state's slate of candidates. The number of seats has also fluctuated.

It is currently suspended, with the National Council of the Transition acting as Guinea's legislative body in the wake of the 2021 Guinean coup d'état.
The Tomorrow Children
The Tomorrow Children is an adventure video game developed by Q-Games and published by Sony Interactive Entertainment for the PlayStation 4. The game was released as an early access title on September 6, 2016 as The Tomorrow Children: Founder's Pack, and was fully released on October 25, 2016, but was shut down by Sony in 2017. Q-Games later purchased the IP and released the game on September 6, 2022 as The Tomorrow Children: Phoenix Edition. with enhancements for playing the game on backwards compatibility on PlayStation 5.

Q-Games
Q-Games, Limited is a video game developer based in Nakagyō-ku, Kyoto, Japan. It was founded by Argonaut Games alumnus Dylan Cuthbert and was closely affiliated with Nintendo and Sony Interactive Entertainment.
Scoparia epigypsa
Scoparia epigypsa is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Oswald Bertram Lower in 1902. It is found in Australia, where it has been recorded from New South Wales.

The wingspan is about 16 mm. The forewings are cinereous (ash-grey) fuscous, strongly suffused with white. The lines are fuscous and there is a fuscous discal spot, as well as two oblique fuscous marks on the costa near the apex. There is a row of connected fuscous dots along the termen. The hindwings are light fuscous, becoming grey whitish on the basal half. Adults have been recorded on wing in September.

Oswald Bertram Lower
Oswald Bertram Lower (28 February 1864 in Norwood, South Australia – 18 March 1925 in Wayville, South Australia) was an Australian chemist and pharmacist who is best known for his contributions to entomology, in particular butterflies and moths. His collection is now at the South Australian Museum.

In 1909 he married Eva Linda May (Davies) Lower. The couple had two sons: Oswald Bertram and Raymond Brackleigh.
Darreh-ye Rizi
Darreh-ye Rizi (Persian: دره ريزي, also Romanized as Darreh-ye Rīzī) is a village in Seydun-e Shomali Rural District, Seydun District, Bagh-e Malek County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 160, in 32 families.

Seydun-e Shomali Rural District
Seydun-e Shomali Rural District (Persian: دهستان صيدون شمالی) is in the Central District of Seydun County, Khuzestan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Talavar-e Yek. The rural district was previously administered from the city of Seydun.
Molina-Martinez v. United States
Molina-Martinez v. United States, 578 U.S. 189 (2016), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held that the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit's reliance on a requirement that defendants show "additional evidence" to show substantial harm arising from incorrect sentencing guidelines is impermissible.

United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit
The United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit (in case citations, 5th Cir.) is one of the 13 United States courts of appeals. It has appellate jurisdiction over the U.S. district courts in the following federal judicial districts:

Eastern District of Louisiana

Middle District of Louisiana

Western District of Louisiana

Northern District of Mississippi

Southern District of Mississippi

Eastern District of Texas

Northern District of Texas

Southern District of Texas

Western District of Texas

The Fifth Circuit has 17 active judgeships, and is headquartered at the John Minor Wisdom United States Court of Appeals Building in New Orleans, Louisiana, with the clerk's office located at the F. Edward Hebert Federal Building in New Orleans.

Originally, the Fifth Circuit also included the federal district courts in Alabama, Georgia, and Florida. In 1981, the district courts for those states were transferred to the newly created U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit.
Lâcher prise
Lâcher prise, also known in English as Freefall or Let Go, is a Canadian television comedy series, which premiered in 2017 on Ici Radio-Canada Télé. The series stars Sophie Cadieux as Valérie Danault, a single mother struggling to keep it together after suffering burnout in her professional and personal life.

The cast also includes Sylvie Léonard as her mother Madeleine; Simon Lacroix as her ex-husband Éric, who left her when he came out as gay; Éric Paulhus as his new husband Kevin; and Antoine Archambault as her son Thomas; as well as Jean-Moïse Martin, Christine Beaulieu, Gildor Roy, Emmanuel Schwartz, Suzanne Champagne and Émilie Bierre.

In 2018, OutTV added the program to its schedule, airing it under the title Freefall with English language subtitles, while the series has been released internationally on Prime Video under the title Let Go.

The series ended in 2020, after the fourth season.

OUTtv (Canadian TV channel)
OUTtv is a Canadian English language speciality channel and streaming network that was launched in September 2001. The brand focuses on general entertainment and lifestyle programming serving Canadian and international LGBT+ communities.

The network is owned by OUTtv Media Global Inc., majority owned (51%) by Ronald N. Stern through OM Acquisitions.
Nebil Özgentürk
Nebil Özgentürk (born 1959 in Adana) is a Turkish writer, journalist and director of documentaries.

Özgentürk, who is the brother of director Ali Özgentürk, graduated from the Ege Üniversitesi Faculty of Management in 1981. He started journalism as a correspondent for the Günaydın newspapers' İzmir office.  Later he changed to the Sabah newspaper in Istanbul. He was a war correspondent in Romania, Abkhazia and the time of the Gulf War.

In 1992, he started to prepare short documentaries named "Bir İnsan Bir Hayat" which stemmed from the weekly portrait reports he did at the Sabah newspaper. This idea initiated from his book Bir Yudum İnsan. In later years he produced many documentaries. The program named Bir Yudum İnsan which he started in 1994 on ATV and later moved to CNN Türk covered the portraits of known names in art, sports and politics with an emphasis on the lesser known facts and aspects about their lives.

Özgentürk is married and has three children.

CNN Türk
Cable News Network Türk (known as CNN Türk) is a Turkish free-to-air television news channel, launched on 11 October 1999 as the local affiliate of American channel CNN. It broadcasts exclusively for Turkey and it is owned by Demirören Group under the licensing from Warner Bros. Discovery's EMEA division.
Sunfish (& Other Stories on Green Lake)
Sunfish (& Other Stories on Green Lake) is a 2025 American semi-autobiographical anthology drama film directed, written, and produced by Sierra Falconer in her feature directorial debut. An anthology film that also serves as Falconer's senior thesis film for the completion of her studies at the University of California, Los Angeles, it follows the lives of four people living around in Green Lake. Falconer called it "loosely autobiographical."

The film premiered at the Sundance Film Festival in the U.S. Dramatic Competition on January 26, 2025.

Green Lake (Grand Traverse County, Michigan)
Green Lake (also known as Lake Wahbekanetta) is a large lake in the Lower Peninsula of the U.S. state of Michigan. Located within Grand Traverse County, Green Lake is one of two lakes the forms the isthmus of Interlochen, the other being Duck Lake. Green Lake is the primary source of the Betsie River, which flows west into Benzie County to Lake Michigan.

Green Lake is primarily within the eponymous Green Lake Township, although a small portion extends south into Grant Township. Green Lake is about 10 miles (16 km) southwest of Traverse City.

Between Green Lake and Duck Lake are Interlochen State Park and Interlochen Center for the Arts, a prestigious boarding school.
Salvatore Tessio
Salvatore "Sal" Tessio is a fictional character in Mario Puzo's 1969 novel The Godfather, as well as two of the films based on it: The Godfather (1972) and The Godfather Part II (1974). His given name was created for the films; in the novel he is referred to only as "Tessio". In the film The Godfather, Tessio was portrayed by Abe Vigoda. In The Godfather Part II, John Aprea portrayed the younger Tessio, while Vigoda reprised the role in a flashback, set in late 1941, at the end of the film.

Tessio has also appeared in the 2004 novel The Godfather Returns and the 2006 video game The Godfather.

Mario Puzo
Mario Francis Puzo (/ˈpuːzoʊ/; Italian: [ˈmaːrjo ˈputtso, -ddzo]; October 15, 1920 – July 2, 1999) was an American author and screenwriter. He wrote crime novels about the Italian-American Mafia and Sicilian Mafia, most notably The Godfather (1969), which he later co-adapted into a film trilogy directed by Francis Ford Coppola. He received the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay for the first film in 1972 and for Part II in 1974. Puzo also wrote the original screenplay for the 1978 Superman film and its 1980 sequel. His final novel, The Family, was released posthumously in 2001.
Palladius (bishop of Ireland)
Palladius (fl. early 5th Century) was the first bishop of the Christians of Ireland, preceding Saint Patrick. It is possible that some elements of their life stories were later conflated in Irish tradition. Palladius was a deacon and member of one of the prominent families in Gaul. Pope Celestine I consecrated him a bishop and sent him to Ireland "to the Scotti believing in Christ".

Muirchú moccu Machtheni
Muirchú moccu Machtheni (Latin: Maccutinus), usually known simply as Muirchú, (born sometime in the seventh century) was a monk and historian from Leinster. He wrote the Vita sancti Patricii, known in English as The Life of Saint Patrick, one of the first accounts of the fifth-century saint, and which credits Patrick with the conversion of Ireland in advance of the spread of monasticism. This work was dedicated to Bishop Aedh of Slébte, who was also the one who suggested the biography be written, and was the patron for the work. Muirchú's work is of little historical value in relation to the distant fifth century, but is a useful source for the time in which he lived and how Patrick was viewed in the seventh century.
Sosefo Suve
Sosefo Suve is a Wallisian politician and member of the Territorial Assembly of Wallis and Futuna. He was President of the Territorial Assembly from 2012 to 2013.

Suve was a schoolteacher. He was first elected to the Territorial Assembly at the 2012 Wallis and Futuna Territorial Assembly election. He was a candidate for Assembly President following the election, but was defeated by Vetelino Nau by 11 votes to 9.

In November 2012 he was elected as President of the Assembly, serving for four months until being replaced by Nivaleta Iloai. In December 2014 he was elected president of the Assembly's standing committee. He lost his seat at the 2017 election.

In November 2015 he was appointed to the French Economic, Social and Environmental Council (CESE) by the Overseas Minister. His term on the CESE ended in March 2021.

French Economic, Social and Environmental Council
The Economic, Social and Environmental Council (French: Conseil économique, social et environnemental), known as the Economic and Social Council before the constitutional law of 23 July 2008, is a consultative assembly in France. It does not play a role in the adoption of statutes and regulations, but advises the lawmaking bodies on questions of social and economic policies.

The executive may refer any question or proposal of social or economic importance to the Economic, Social and Environmental Council. The Council publishes reports, which are sent to the Prime Minister, National Assembly and Senate. They are published in the Journal Officiel.