hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sudan station
Sudan is a station in Line 3 of Cairo Metro that opened as part of Phase 3 of the line on 1 January 2024. It is located in front of the Giza Elementary Court in Sudan street, in the Agouza district in Giza. It consists of three underground levels, with a total of 17 escalators, 13 stairs, and three elevators from the platforms to the street. It has a total area of 3,542 square metres (38,130 sq ft).

Agouza
Agouza (Arabic: العجوزة, romanized: al-ʿajuza) is one of nine municipal districts that form Giza city, which is part of the Greater Cairo metropolis, on the western bank of the river Nile. It is situated between 6th October Bridge and 15 May Bridge and south of Imbaba. Most of it is colloquially known as Mohandessin, a 1950s planned community originally called Madinat al-Awqaf, sub-divided in to a number of profession-based housing cooperatives, one of which was for engineers (mohandissin).

The Egyptian National Circus and the adjoining Balloon Theater are on the Agouza Corniche. The British Council main centre in Egypt is also on the Corniche.
1951 Australian Championships
The 1951 Australian Championships was a tennis tournament that took place on outdoor Grass courts at the White City Tennis Club, Sydney, Australia from 20 January to 31 January. It was the 39th edition of the Australian Championships (now known as the Australian Open), the 11th held in Sydney, and the first Grand Slam tournament of the year. The singles titles were won by American Dick Savitt and Australian Nancye Wynne Bolton.

Thelma Coyne Long
Thelma Dorothy Coyne Long (née Coyne; 14 October 1918 – 13 April 2015) was an Australian tennis player and one of the female players who dominated Australian tennis from the mid-1930s to the 1950s. During her career, she won 19 Grand Slam tournament titles. In 2013, Long was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame.
Vladimiros Tziortzis
Vladimiros Tziortzis (born 6 April 1997) is a Cypriot professional racing driver who currently competes in the NASCAR Whelen Euro Series, driving the No. 1 EuroNASCAR FJ 2020 for Academy Motorsport in the EuroNASCAR pro class. He previously competed in Formula Renault Eurocup and SMP F4 Championship before making the switch to stock car racing in 2020.

Holden Commodore (VF)
The Holden Commodore (VF) is a full-size car that was produced from June 2013 to October 2017 by Holden, the former Australian subsidiary of General Motors. It was available under the luxury Holden Calais nameplate; utility models were sold as the Holden Ute.

It succeeded the VE series, and was the second iteration of the fourth generation of the Holden Commodore. It was the last model in the series to be manufactured in Australia. It was offered as a sedan and wagon. The long-wheelbase Holden Caprice (WN) released in 2013.

From 2013 to 2017 the VF Commodore was rebadged in the United States as the Chevrolet SS. Holden Special Vehicles (HSV) sold VF Commodore-based models in the Gen-F series, HSV also sold models in the United Kingdom under Vauxhall VXR8 range.

In December 2013, General Motors (GM) announced that it would discontinue all Australian production in 2017.
Rino Gaetano
Salvatore Antonio "Rino" Gaetano (29 October 1950 – 2 June 1981) was an Italian musician and singer-songwriter. He is famous for his satirical songs and oblique yet incisive political commentary. He is remembered for his raspy voice, for the heavily ironic lyrics of his songs and his social protests. He died in a car accident at age 30. He was a popular and influential figure, widely re-evaluated by the following teen generations.

Political criticism
Political criticism, also referred to as political commentary or political discussion, is a type of criticism that is specific of or relevant to politics, including policies, politicians, political parties, and types of government.
Thurley
Thurley is an English surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Cameron Thurley (born 1981), Australian rules footballer

John Thurley (born 1947), British swimmer

Liz Thurley (born 1959), British fencer

Simon Thurley (born 1962), British academic and architectural historian

Simon Thurley
Simon John Thurley (born 29 August 1962) is an English academic and architectural historian. He served as Chief Executive of English Heritage from April 2002 to May 2015. In April 2021, he became Chair of the National Lottery Heritage Fund.
Wind Quintet (Nielsen)
Carl Nielsen's Wind Quintet, or as indicated by the original score, the Kvintet for Fløjte, Obo, Klarinet, Horn og Fagot, Op. 43, was composed early in 1922 in Gothenburg, Sweden, where it was first performed privately at the home of Herman and Lisa Mannheimer on 30 April 1922. The first public performance was on 9 October 1922 in the smaller hall at the Odd Fellows Mansion in Copenhagen. It is considered a staple of the repertoire for wind quintet.

Horn (instrument)
A horn is any of a family of musical instruments made of a tube, usually made of metal and often curved in various ways, with one narrow end into which the musician blows, and a wide end from which sound emerges. In horns, unlike some other brass instruments such as the trumpet, the bore gradually increases in width through most of its length—that is to say, it is conical rather than cylindrical. In jazz and popular-music contexts, the word may be used loosely to refer to any wind instrument, and a section of brass or woodwind instruments, or a mixture of the two, is called a horn section in these contexts.
G. P. Taylor
Graham Peter Taylor (born 1958 in Scarborough, North Riding of Yorkshire, England), pen-name G. P. Taylor, is the author of the best-selling novels Shadowmancer, Wormwood, and Tersias. Before taking up writing full-time, he was a police officer, motorcyclist and former rock band roadie turned Anglican vicar in the village of Cloughton, North Yorkshire. Taylor has three children and currently resides in Whitby, North Yorkshire.

North Riding of Yorkshire
The North Riding of Yorkshire was a subdivision of Yorkshire, England, alongside York, the East Riding and West Riding. The riding's highest point was at Mickle Fell at 2,585 ft (788 m).

From the Restoration it was used as a lieutenancy area, having been previously part of the Yorkshire lieutenancy. Each riding was treated as a county for many purposes, such as quarter sessions. An administrative county, based on the riding, was created with a county council in 1889 under the Local Government Act 1888. In 1974 both the administrative county and the North Riding of Yorkshire lieutenancy were abolished, replaced in most of the riding by the non-metropolitan county and lieutenancy of North Yorkshire, and in the north-west by County Durham.
Jerry Vultee
Gerard Freebairn Vultee  (1900 – 29 January 1938) was an American aircraft designer, and the co-founder of Vultee Aircraft.

He was born in Brooklyn, New York, and his family later moved to Ocean Park, California, where he studied for  an engineering degree in aeronautics at California Institute of Technology (CalTech).

In 1931, he designed the Lockheed Model 9 Orion, a single-engine monoplane.

In 1935, he married Sylvia Parker, daughter of Hollywood art director, Max Parker.

On January 29, 1938, Jerry and Sylvia Vultee died in a plane crash during a blizzard near to Sedona, Arizona, and a nearby natural sandstone arch was named Vultee Arch in their memory. Vultee had been flying a Stinson SR-9C Reliant from Winslow, Arizona to Downey, California.

They had a six-month-old son, Pete, who was raised by his grandparents, following the death of his parents. Pete Vultee, his first
cousin John Vultee and others visited the crash site in 2011, and placed a memorial plaque.

Downey, California
Downey is a city in southeastern Los Angeles County, California, United States, 13 mi (21 km) southeast of Downtown Los Angeles. It is considered part of the Gateway Cities. The city is the birthplace of the Apollo space program and Taco Bell. It is also the home of the oldest operating McDonald's restaurant in the world. As of the 2020 census, the city had a total population of 114,355.
Shooting at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's double trap
The men's double trap event at the 2012 Olympic Games took place on 2 August 2012 at the Royal Artillery Barracks.

The event consisted of two rounds: a qualifier and a final. In the qualifier, each shooter fired 3 sets of 50 shots in trap shooting. Shots were paired, with two targets being launched at a time.

The top 6 shooters in the qualifying round moved on to the final round. There, they fired one additional round of 50. The total score from all 200 shots was used to determine final ranking. Ties are broken using a shoot-off; additional shots are fired one pair at a time until there is no longer a tie.

Double trap
Double trap is a shotgun shooting sport, one of the ISSF shooting events. Participants use a shotgun to attempt to break a clay disk flung away from the shooter at high speed.

The layout of double trap shooting is similar to that of trap shooting. The shooter stands 16 yards behind the house that releases the targets. Two targets are released simultaneously from the house. They follow set paths, usually 35 degrees to left and right of straightaway. The shooter can take one shot at each target.
David O. Ives
David Otis Ives (April 21, 1919 – May 16, 2003) was an American television executive who was president of Boston's WGBH from 1970 to 1984, and was a chairman of its board until 2001. Under his presidency the station produced such series as Nova, The French Chef, The Victory Garden and Masterpiece Theatre. Ives received the Ralph Lowell Award from the Corporation for Public Broadcasting in 1985, and the Governor's Award from the New England chapter of the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences in 1988.

Ives was born in Salem, Massachusetts, and attended Milton Academy and Harvard University, where he received a B.A. in 1941 and an M.B.A. in 1943. After six years in the U.S. Navy he became a reporter for The Salem Evening News and later The Wall Street Journal, where he worked until 1958. He joined WGBH in 1960 as director of development. He died in San Francisco, aged 84. He has two sons.

Masterpiece (TV series)
Masterpiece, styled as MASTERPIECE (formerly known as Masterpiece Theatre), is a drama anthology television series produced by WGBH Boston. It premiered on PBS on January 10, 1971. The series has presented numerous acclaimed British productions. Many of these are produced by the BBC, but the lineup has also included programs shown on the UK channels ITV1, Channel 4, and Channel 5.
Old Savonoski Site
The Old Savonoski Site is the former site of a native village in Lake and Peninsula Borough, Alaska, that was buried by ash in the June 1912 eruption of the Novarupta Volcano.  The site is located near the confluence of the Savonoski and Ukak Rivers, and is within the bounds of the Katmai National Park and Preserve.  The site was visited by archaeologists in 1953, who identified a number of surviving elements, including fifteen barabaras, or semi-subterranean dwellings.

The site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.

Novarupta
Novarupta is a volcano located on the Alaska Peninsula on a slope of Trident Volcano in Katmai National Park and Preserve, about 290 miles (470 km) southwest of Anchorage. Novarupta was formed in 1912, during the largest volcanic eruption of the 20th century, in which it released 30 times the volume of magma of the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens.
Vratsa Peak
Vratsa Peak (Bulgarian: връх Враца, romanized: vrah Vratsa, IPA: [ˈvrɤɣ ˈvrat͡sɐ]) is a sharp rocky peak rising to 470 m in Breznik Heights, Greenwich Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica surmounting Musala Glacier to the northeast and Targovishte Glacier to the southwest and south.

The feature is named after the city of Vratsa in northwestern Bulgaria.

Greenwich Island
Greenwich Island (variant historical names Sartorius Island, Berezina Island) is an island 24 km (15 mi) long and from 0.80 to 9.66 km (0.5 to 6 mi) (average 5.23 km or 3.25 mi) wide, lying between Robert Island and Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. The island's surface area is 142.7 square kilometres (55.1 sq mi).  The name Greenwich Island dates back to at least 1821 and is now established in international usage.

The Chilean base Arturo Prat and the Ecuadorian base Pedro Vicente Maldonado are situated on the northeast and north coast of the island, respectively.

Chilean scientists have claimed that Amerinds visited the area, due to stone artifacts recovered from bottom-sampling operations off the island; however, the artefacts — two arrowheads  — were later found to have been planted.
Goulet Pens
Goulet Pens is a Henrico, Virginia-based online retailer of fountain pens, ink, paper, and related supplies. The company was founded in 2009 by Rachel and Brian Goulet as a seller of handmade wooden fountain pens. Rachel Goulet is chief operating officer and Rachel and Brian Goulet are co-presidents of the company.

Goulet Pens sells from brands such as Pilot, LAMY, Platinum, Diplomat, Jinhao, Monteverdi, Pelikan, and others.

Newsweek named Goulet Pens as one of America's Best Online Shops 2024, and Forbes named it the fifth-best among small and medium workplaces in retail in 2019.

Henrico, Virginia
Henrico is the name used by the U.S. Postal Service for several ZIP code areas in unincorporated parts of Henrico County, Virginia, United States, surrounding the city of Richmond. "Other acceptable cities" listed by the USPS for parts of Henrico are Richmond, Highland Springs, Regency, and Ridge, whereas Millers, Montrose, Montrose Heights, Staples Mill, Tuckahoe, Varina, and Westbury are alternate names for portions of Henrico that are not recommended for use in mailing addresses.

Henrico is identified in the National Register of Historic Places's NRIS database as being the location of, or nearest community to, the Curles Neck Farm.
Mommy Elvie's Problematic Show
Mommy Elvie's Problematic Show is a Philippine television sitcom series broadcast by ABC. Hosted by Ariel Villasanta and Elvie Villasanta, it aired from June 19, 2007 to August 5, 2008, and was replaced by 3R (Respect, Relax, Respond).

Television in the Philippines
Television in the Philippines was introduced in October 1953 with the first commercial broadcast by Alto Broadcasting System (now called ABS-CBN). This made the Philippines the first Southeast Asian country, and the second Asian country, to air television broadcasts. During the late 1940s, Filipino engineers and students conducted academic experiments related to broadcasting.

From 1975 to 1978, the Philippine Academy for Television Arts and Sciences (PATAS) presented the SINAG Awards.

The Star Awards for Television, the country's oldest existing television awards, are presented annually by the Philippine Movie Press Club (PMPC) after a voting by members of the press.

The Philippines does not operate any independent public broadcasting television networks. However, there are several government-owned networks.
Opel Super 6
The Opel Super 6 is an executive car which was built by the German car manufacturer Opel between 1937 and late 1938. The car was equipped with a 2.5-litre straight-six engine and had a top speed of 115 km/h (71 mph). It was available in three different versions: a 4-door sedan, a 2-door coupé, and a 2-door cabriolet. A small number of custom-bodied cars were also made by various coachbuilders such as Karosseriewerke Otto Kühn and Gläser.

The 2,473 cc (150.9 cu in) produces 55 PS (40 kW) at 3500 rpm. In total, 46,453 Opel Super Six were built in the two years it was available. ·

An interesting detail was the windscreen wiper drive which received its power via a mechanical linkage from the camshaft, a solution which Opel continued to use in post-World War II Rekord models until 1957.

Opel Super 6 4-Door Limousine 1937

Opel Super 6 De Luxe 4-Door Limousine 1938

Opel Super 6 De Luxe 4-Door Limousine 1938

Roadster made by Kühn 1937

Convertible
A convertible or cabriolet (/ˌkæbrioʊˈleɪ/) is a passenger car that can be driven with or without a roof in place. The methods of retracting and storing the roof vary across eras and manufacturers.

A convertible car's design allows an open-air driving experience, with the ability to provide a roof when required. A potential drawback of convertibles is their reduced structural rigidity (requiring significant engineering and modification to counteract the side effects of almost completely removing a car's roof).

The majority of convertible roofs are of a folding construction framework with the actual top made from cloth or other fabric. Other types of convertible roofs include retractable hardtops (often constructed from metal or plastic) and detachable hardtops (where a metal or plastic roof is manually removed and often stored in the trunk).
Machaidze
Machaidze (Georgian: მაჩაიძე) is a Georgian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Goderdzi Machaidze (born 1992), Georgian footballer

Manuchar Machaidze (born 1949), Georgian footballer

Nino Machaidze (born 1983), Georgian opera singer

Nino Machaidze
Nino Machaidze (Georgian: ნინო მაჩაიძე; born 8 March 1983) is a Georgian operatic soprano. She performs in 19th-century Romantic repertoire, primarily in operas by Rossini and Verdi as well as French operas. Beginning her career at La Scala, she gained international attention after being cast as Juliette in Gounod's Roméo et Juliette at the 2008 Salzburg Festival, after which she earned the nickname "Angelina Jolie of Opera" from the Austrian press.
Vancouver Island Coal Miners' Strike
The Vancouver Island Coal Miners' Strike was from 1912–1924. The coal miners on the east coast of Vancouver Island refused to go to work, in protest of unsafe working conditions and unfair treatment. The strike began as peaceful protests, until built up anger caused by strike-breakers, also known as scabs, ruined the effectiveness of the strike and incited aggressive behavior. The militia was forced to step in and shut down the strike.

Strikebreaker
A strikebreaker (sometimes pejoratively called a scab, blackleg, bootlicker, blackguard or knobstick) is a person who works despite an ongoing strike. Strikebreakers may be current employees (union members or not), or new hires to keep the organization running (hired after or during the strike). In continuing to work, or taking jobs at a workplace under current strike, strikebreakers are said to "cross picket lines".

Some countries have passed laws outlawing strikebreakers to give more power to trade unions, while other countries have passed right-to-work laws which protect strikebreakers.
Chearsley
Chearsley is a village and civil parish within the Buckinghamshire district in the ceremonial county of Buckinghamshire, England. It is situated about seven miles south west of Aylesbury, and about four miles north of Thame, in Oxfordshire.

Thame
Thame /teɪm/ is a market town and civil parish in South Oxfordshire, England, about 13 miles (21 km) east of the city of Oxford, 10 miles (16 km) southwest of Aylesbury and 40 miles (64 km) northwest of London. It derives its name from the River Thame which flows along the north side of the town and forms part of the county border with Buckinghamshire. The parish includes the hamlet of Moreton south of the town. The 2011 Census recorded the parish's population as 11,561.  Thame was founded in the Anglo-Saxon era and was in the kingdom of Wessex.
The Daily Orange
The Daily Orange, commonly referred to as The D.O., is an American independent student newspaper published in Syracuse, New York. It is free and published once a week during the Syracuse University academic year.

It was one of the first college papers to become fully independent from its parent college. Its alumni work at nearly every major newspaper in the nation — The New York Times, Los Angeles Times, The Washington Post, The Wall Street Journal, Chicago Tribune, The Philadelphia Inquirer, New York Post, The Boston Globe, Star Tribune, The Dallas Morning News, and The Atlanta Journal-Constitution — in a variety of reporting, editing, design and photography roles.

Publisher reported circulation for 2018 was 6,000 copies, with an online circulation of about 3,000,000 during publishing months. The paper's content is published online daily and the print edition is published every Thursday during the academic year.

The Dallas Morning News
The Dallas Morning News is a daily newspaper serving the Dallas–Fort Worth area of Texas, with an average print circulation in 2025 of 45,000. It was founded on October 1, 1885, by Alfred Horatio Belo as a satellite publication of the Galveston Daily News, of Galveston, Texas. Historically, and to the present day, it is the most prominent newspaper in Dallas.

Throughout the 1990s and as recently as 2010, the paper has won nine Pulitzer Prizes for reporting and photography, George Polk Awards for education reporting and regional reporting, and an Overseas Press Club award for photography. Its headquarters is in downtown Dallas.
Austrochaperina blumi
Austrochaperina blumi is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. It is endemic to New Guinea and known from the northern slopes of the New Guinean Central Range in Western New Guinea (Indonesia), and from the Bewani, Torricelli, and Hunstein Mountains in Papua New Guinea. The specific name blumi honors J. Paul Blum, the herpetologist who collected the type series. Common name Kosarek land frog has been proposed for it.

Torricelli Range
The Torricelli Mountains are a mountain range in Sandaun Province, north-western Papua New Guinea. The highest peak in the range is Mount Sulen at 1650 meters. The Bewani Mountains are located to the west, and the Prince Alexander Mountains are located to the east. To the north, the mountains slope down to the Pacific Ocean, and to the south lies the basin of the Sepik River. The mountains are named after the Italian physicist and mathematician Evangelista Torricelli during the German colonial period.

Dozens of Torricelli languages are spoken within this mountain range.
Devagie Govender
Devagie Govender (born 21 January 1934) is a retired South African politician who represented the National Party (NP) in the National Assembly during the first democratic Parliament. She was elected in the 1994 general election. Ahead of the 1999 general election, the NP's successor party, the New National Party, nominated her to stand for re-election, but she was ranked 36th on the party's regional list for KwaZulu-Natal and did not secure a seat.

Educated at the University of Natal, Govender was a lawyer and educationist by profession and participated in the Convention for a Democratic South Africa.

1999 South African general election
General elections were held in South Africa on 2 June 1999. The result was a landslide victory for the governing African National Congress (ANC), which gained fourteen seats. Incumbent president Nelson Mandela declined to seek re-election as president on grounds of his age. This election was notable for the sharp decline of the New National Party, previously the National Party (NP), which without former State President F. W. de Klerk lost more than half of their former support base. The liberal Democratic Party became the largest opposition party, after being the fifth largest party in the previous elections in 1994. The number of parties represented in the National Assembly increased to thirteen, with the United Democratic Movement, jointly headed by former National Party member Roelf Meyer, and former ANC member Bantu Holomisa, being the most successful of the newcomers with fourteen seats.