hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Yamal 101
Yamal-101 (Russian: Ямал-101) was an intended geostationary communications satellite that was lost after launch. It was  built by RSC Energia and operated by Gazprom Space Systems. It was, along with Yamal-102 the first communications satellite of the Yamal programme and the first iteration of the USP Bus. It was a 1,360 kg (3,000 lb) satellite with 2200 watts of power (1300 watts available for the payload) on an unpressurized bus. It had eight SPT-70 electric thrusters by OKB Fakel for station keeping. Its payload was 12 C-band equivalent transponders supplied by Space Systems/Loral.

SPT-100
SPT-100 is a Hall-effect ion thruster, part of the SPT-family of thrusters. SPT stands for Stationary Plasma Thruster. It creates a stream of electrically charged xenon ions accelerated by an electric field and confined by a magnetic field.

The thruster is manufactured by Russian OKB Fakel, and was first launched onboard the Gals-1 satellite in 1994. In 2003, Fakel debuted a second generation of the thruster, called SPT-100B, and in 2011, it presented further upgrades in SPT-100M prototypes. As of 2011, SPT-100 thrusters were used in 18 Russian and 14 foreign spacecraft, including IPSTAR-II, Telstar-8, and Ekspress A and AM constellations.
Madeleine Arnot
Madeleine Arnot, née MacDonald (born 1950) is a professor of Sociology of Education at the University of Cambridge, Faculty of Education. She is Director of Studies (Education) at Jesus College. Internationally known for her work on socio-cultural reproduction theory and her use of Basil Bernstein's theory of pedagogy in relation to gender and education.

Faculty of Education, University of Cambridge
Faculty of Education, University of Cambridge is the School of Education at the University of Cambridge in Cambridge, England. It was established in 2001. It is part of the school of humanities and social sciences at the University of Cambridge.

Courses at the school include undergraduate, masters and doctoral programmes, initial teacher education and training, and professional development studies:

MPhil (full-time)

Master of Education (part-time)

PhD (full and part-time)

EdD (part-time)

Undergraduate Education BA

Postgraduate Professional Development, including an accredited Counselling Programme

Postgraduate Certificate in Education (PGCE)

Students at the Faculty of Education, University of Cambridge also join one of the Cambridge Colleges.

The faculty is situated on Hills road, near Homerton College.
Stolin district
Stolin district (Belarusian: Столінскі раён, romanized: Stolinski rajon; Russian: Столинский район, romanized: Stolinsky rayon) is district (raion) in Brest region, Belarus. Its administrative center is in the city of Stolin. At the 1999 Belarusian census, the district had a population of 89,000 people, of which 26,300 people lived in urban areas. As of 2024, it has a population of 68,640.

1999 Belarus census
The 1999 Belarusian census was the first census in Belarus after it became an independent state after the dissolution of the Soviet Union. Previous census data in the territory of Belarus may be found in Soviet censuses and the Russian Empire census.
SS Cathay (1924)
SS Cathay was a P&O passenger steamship that was built in Scotland in 1925 and sunk in the Mediterranean Sea in 1942. In the Second World War she was first an armed merchant cruiser and then a troop ship. In 1942 she took part in Operation Torch, and was sunk in a German air raid off Bougie, Algeria.

Cathay was the first of a class of three ocean liners for P&O, all built at the same time. Her sister ships  were Comorin and Chitral.

This was the second of three P&O liners called Cathay. The first was a compound steamship that was built in Scotland in 1872 and scrapped in Japan in 1903. The third was a steam turbine ship that P&O owned between 1961 and 1976. She was built in Belgium in 1957 as Baudouinville. In 1976 P&O sold her to China, where she was renamed first Kengshin and then Shanghai.

P&O
P&O (in full,  The Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company) was a British shipping and logistics company dating from the early 19th century. Formerly a public company, it was sold to DP World in March 2006 for £3.9 billion. DP World currently operates several P&O branded businesses, P&O Ferries, Istithmar P&O Estates, and P&O Maritime Logistics. It also operates P&O Heritage, which is the official historic archive and collection of P&O.

P&O Cruises was sold in 2000, and is now owned and operated by Carnival Corporation & plc, although the trademark for "P&O Cruises" is still held by the Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company and used under licence. The former shipping business, P&O Nedlloyd, was bought by and is now part of Maersk Line.
Raudfjellet
Raudfjellet (The Red Mountain) is a mountain in Wedel Jarlsberg Land at Spitsbergen, Svalbard. It has a height of 1,016 m.a.s.l., and is the largest mountain between Bellsund and Hornsund. The glacier Torellbreen forms an about twenty kilometer long front below the mountain. Raudfjellet is a characteristic landmark with its triple summit and orange colour.

Double summit
A double summit, double peak, twin summit, or twin peak is a mountain or hill that has two summits, separated by a col or saddle.

One well-known double summit is Austria's highest mountain, the Großglockner, where the main summit of the Großglockner is separated from that of the Kleinglockner by the Glocknerscharte col in the area of a geological fault. Other double summits have resulted from geological folding. For example, on Mont Withrow in British Columbia, resistant sandstones form the limbs of the double summit, whilst the softer rock in the core of the fold was eroded.

Triple peaks occur more rarely; one example is the Rosengartenspitze in the Dolomites. The Illimani in Bolivia is an example of a rare quadruple summit.
Patrice Oppliger
Patrice A. Oppliger (born 26 August 1963), is the assistant professor of communication at Boston University College of Communication.

Oppliger has written extensively about the impact of popular culture on student's high school years, and has been consulted by the media on the subject. Interviewed by CNN about cyberbullying, Oppliger discussed the film "Mean Girls", which is based on the book "Queen Bees and Wannabes" by Rosalind Wiseman. Oppliger accused the film of "glamorizing bad behavior", she went on to say that, "The book is a helpful guide to relationships between girls; the movie, on the other hand, showed the positive side of being a mean girl."

WFXT Fox25 News also interviewed Oppliger about Rockport High School's decision to ban female students from wearing yoga pants. She said that the school ought to have judged the students on a "case-by-case" basis instead.

Queen Bees and Wannabes
Queen Bees and Wannabes is a 2002 self-help book by Rosalind Wiseman. Written for parents of teenage girls, the book focuses on the ways in which girls in high schools form cliques, and on handling patterns of aggressive behavior. The book was, in large part, the basis for the teen comedy film Mean Girls (2004) starring Lindsay Lohan, its stage musical adaptation, and the 2024 film version of the latter. The book's third edition was published in 2016.
Caves of Barać
The Caves of Barać (Croatian: Baraćeve špilje) also known as Barać Caves or Barać's Caves are a group of caves located near the village of Nova Kršlja in the municipality of Rakovica, Croatia.  In 1892 the caves were opened to visitors but subsequently abandoned and forgotten following World War II. In July 2004 the Upper Caves of Barać were reopened to visitors.

The caves are named after a certain Barać who was a fighter against the Ottomans. According to a legend the caves bear the name of the victory of Barać at the caves. The surname of Barać does not exist anymore in this region.

In 2022, tools that were likely from the Neanderthals were discovered in the caves, the tool was found next to a phalanx and  a tooth of a cave bear.

Barak
Barak (/ˈbɛəræk/ or /ˈbɛərək/; Hebrew: בָּרָק; Tiberian Hebrew: Bārāq; "lightning")  was a ruler of Ancient Israel. As military commander in the biblical Book of Judges, Barak, with Deborah, from the Tribe of Ephraim, the prophet and fourth Judge of pre-monarchic Israel, defeated the Canaanite armies led by Sisera.
Balran
Balran is a village of Sub division Moonak in Sangrur district in the state of Punjab, India. It is 54 km to the south of district headquarters Sangrur and 157 km from state capital Chandigarh. This village is near the border of the Sangrur district and Fatehabad district in state of Haryana.

Fatehabad district
Fatehabad district (listenⓘ) is one of the twenty-two districts of the state of Haryana, India. Fatehabad was founded by Firuz Shah Tughlaq. Fatehabad district was carved out of Hisar district on 15 July 1997.

It borders districts of Mansa and Sangrur in state of Punjab in north, Sirsa district in west, Jind district in east, Hisar district and district of Hanumangarh in state of Rajasthan in south.
Army of Portuguese India
Portuguese military presence in India began in the early 16th century, when Afonso de Albuquerque and his successors established fortresses at Goa, Diu, Daman and other coastal locations. These garrisons were initially manned by soldiers sent from Portugal, but over time the use of locally recruited troops (known as sipais or sepoys) became more common.

During the 18th and 19th centuries, the colonial forces in Portuguese India were reorganised several times, with the aim of maintaining a modest defensive capacity while keeping costs low. Unlike the British Indian Army, the Portuguese Indian garrison was never large enough to act as an expeditionary force beyond its own territories.

Diu, India
Diu (English: /'diːuː/,  Hindi: [d̪iːʋ]), also known as Diu Town, is a medieval fortified town in Diu district in the union territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu, India. Diu district is the tenth least populated district of India. The town of Diu lies at the eastern end of Diu Island and is known for its fortress and old Portuguese cathedral. It is a fishing town.

The city is one of the hundred Indian cities competing in a national-level competition to get funds under Narendra Modi's flagship Smart Cities Mission. Diu will be competing for one of the last 10 spots against 20 cities from across India. In April 2018, it was reported that the Diu Smart City has already become India's first city to run on 100 percent renewable energy during the daytime.
East Ledang
East Ledang is a township in Iskandar Puteri, Johor Bahru District, Johor, Malaysia. Developed by UEM Sunrise Berhad (the property development arm of Kazanah Nasional Berhad - an investment holding company of the Government of Malaysia). It has townhouses, link duplexes, twin villas and bungalows. 
Nearby towns include Bukit Indah and Gelang Patah.

Semi-detached
A semi-detached house (often abbreviated to semi) is a single-family duplex dwelling that shares one common wall with its neighbour. The name distinguishes this style of construction from detached houses, with no shared walls, and terraced houses, with a shared wall on both sides. Often, semi-detached houses are built in pairs in which each house's layout is a mirror image of the other's.

Semi-detached houses are the most common property type in the United Kingdom (UK). They accounted for 32% of UK housing transactions and 32% of the English housing stock in 2008. Between 1945 and 1964, 41% of all properties built were semis. After 1980, the proportion of semis built fell to 15%.
Lincolnshire Bombers Roller Derby
Lincolnshire Bombers Roller Derby is a flat track roller derby league, based in Lincoln, England. Lincolnshire is a member of the United Kingdom Roller Derby Association (UKRDA) and the Women's Flat Track Derby Association (WFTDA).

Women's Flat Track Derby Association
The Women's Flat Track Derby Association (WFTDA) is the international governing body for the sport of women's flat track roller derby. It sets the international standards for rankings, rules, and competition in the sport, and provides guidance and resources to aid development of roller derby.

The organization was founded in April 2004 as the United Leagues Coalition (ULC), but was renamed in November 2005. It is registered in Raleigh, North Carolina as a 501(c)(6) Business League organization, a type of nonprofit organization.
SS Empire Barracuda
SS Empire Barracuda was a Design 1022 cargo steamship. She was built in 1919 for the United States Shipping Board (USSB) as Sacandaga. American Diamond Lines was operating her by 1926; and in 1931 bought her and renamed her Black Heron. In 1941 the United Kingdom Ministry of Shipping bought her, and renamed her Empire Barracuda. In 1942, a German U-boat sank her by torpedo, killing 13 of the people aboard her.

United States Shipping Board
The United States Shipping Board (USSB) was a corporation established as an emergency agency by the 1916 Shipping Act (39 Stat. 729), on September 7, 1916. The United States Shipping Board's task was to increase the number of US ships supporting the World War I efforts. The program ended on March 2, 1934.
Still Point Zen Buddhist Temple
Still Point Zen Buddhist Temple is located at 4347 Trumbull in Detroit, Michigan. The community of Zen Buddhists welcomes people from all walks of life and faiths to Sunday meetings, retreats and workshops. The temple was founded by P'arang Geri Larkin. Her ordination on July 2, 1995, followed three years of Buddhist development at Maitreya Buddhist Seminary. She served as dharma teacher at the Zen Buddhist Temple in Ann Arbor, Michigan before founding Still Point Buddhist Temple. She was taught by Venerable Samu Sunim, a Korean Zen Master who has established several Buddhist temples in North America. Still Point Buddhist Temple traces its lineage to Korean Buddhism.  The current guiding teacher of Still Point Zen Buddhist Temple is Koho Vince Anila.  Koho is the 1st dharma successor of P'arang Geri Larkin, and was ordained in May 2003.

Samu (sunim)
The Venerable Samu Sunim (3 March 1941 – 6 August 2022), born Sam-Woo Kim, was a Korean Seon sunim previously of the Jogye Order. He claimed to have received Dharma transmission from Zen Master Weolha Sunim in 1983. He taught primarily in Canada and the United States, having opened centers in Toronto, New York City, Ann Arbor, Michigan and Chicago, Illinois as well as Mexico City.
Marian Cove
Marian Cove (62°12′42″S 58°45′58″W﻿ / ﻿62.21169°S 58.76617°W﻿ / -62.21169; -58.76617) is a cove indenting the southwest part of King George Island between Collins Harbour and Potter Cove, in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. The name was used by Scottish geologist David Ferguson in a 1921 report based upon his investigations of King George Island in 1913–14, but may reflect an earlier naming.

The south side of its entrance is formed by South Spit.

King George Island (South Shetland Islands)
King George Island (Argentinian Spanish: Isla 25 de Mayo, Brazilian Portuguese: Ilha do Rei George, Chilean Spanish: Isla Rey Jorge, Russian: Ватерло́о Vaterloo) is the largest of the South Shetland Islands, lying 120 km (75 miles) off the coast of Antarctica in the Southern Ocean.  The island was named after King George III.
Fox spirit
Fox spirits, or Huli jing (Chinese: 狐狸精), are Chinese mythological creatures usually capable of shapeshifting, who may either be benevolent or malevolent spirits. In Chinese mythology and folklore, the fox spirit takes a variation of forms with different meanings, powers, characteristics, and shapes, including huxian (狐仙; 'fox immortal'), hushen (狐神; 'fox god'), husheng (狐聖; 'fox saint'), huwang (狐王; 'fox king'), huyao (狐妖; 'fox demon'), huzu (狐族; 'fox clan'), and jiuweihu (九尾狐; 'nine-tailed fox').

Fox spirits and nine-tailed foxes appear frequently in Chinese folklore, literature, and mythology. Depending on the story, the fox spirit's presence may be a good or a bad omen. The motif of nine-tailed foxes from Chinese culture was eventually transmitted and introduced to Japanese, Korean, and Vietnamese cultures.

Guo Pu
Guo Pu (Chinese: 郭璞; pinyin: Guō Pú; AD 276–324), courtesy name Jingchun (Chinese: 景純; pinyin: Jǐngchún), was a Chinese historian, poet, and writer during the Eastern Jin period, and is best known as one of China's foremost commentators on ancient texts.  Guo was a Taoist mystic, geomancer, collector of strange tales, editor of old texts, and erudite commentator. He was the first commentator of the Shan Hai Jing and so probably, with the noted Han bibliographer Liu Xin, was instrumental in preserving this valuable mythological and religious text. Guo Pu was the well-educated son of a governor. He was a natural historian and a prolific writer of the Jin dynasty. He is the author of The Book of Burial, the first-ever and the most authoritative source of feng shui doctrine and the first book to address the concept of feng shui in the history of China, making Guo Pu the first person historically to define feng shui, and therefore, Guo Pu is usually called the father of feng shui in China.
Georgios Vagias
Georgios Vagias (Greek: Γεώργιος Βάγιας) was a Greek general during the Greek War of Independence (1821–1830).

Vagias was born in Lekel, Ottoman Empire, modern southern Albania. He participated in several conflicts during the Greek revolution that led to the independence of Greece. His activity was focused on western Central Greece and the Peloponnese. In 1825 Vagias was promoted to general of the Greek revolutionary army.

He participated in a number of major conflicts such as the Second Siege of Missolonghi (1823) under Kitsos Tzavelas and the Battle of Domvraina. He also fought in the Battle of Arachova (1826) under commanding general Georgios Karaiskakis. There Vagias together with revolutionary leader, Gardikiotis Grivas, commanded a force of 500 men and succeeded in annihilating an invading unit of 1,500 Ottoman-Albanians.

Central Greece (geographic region)
Continental Greece (Greek: Στερεά Ελλάδα, romanized: Stereá Elláda; formerly Χέρσος Ἑλλάς, Chérsos Ellás), colloquially known as Roumeli (Ρούμελη), is a traditional geographic region of Greece. In English, the area is usually called Central Greece, but the equivalent Greek term (Κεντρική Ελλάδα, Kentrikí Elláda) is more rarely used.

It includes the southern part of the Greek mainland (sans the Peloponnese), as well as the offshore island of Euboea. Since 1987, its territory has been divided among the administrative regions of Central Greece and Attica, and the regional unit (former prefecture) of Aetolia-Acarnania in the administrative region of Western Greece.
Fantasy sport
A fantasy sport (also known less commonly as rotisserie or roto) is a game, often played using the internet, where participants assemble imaginary or virtual teams composed of proxies of real players of a professional sport. These teams compete based on the statistical performance of those players in actual games. This performance is converted into points that are compiled and totaled according to a roster selected by each fantasy team's manager. These point systems can be simple enough to be manually calculated by a "league commissioner" who coordinates and manages the overall league, or points can be compiled and calculated using computers tracking actual results of the professional sport. In fantasy sports, as in real sports, team owners draft, trade, and cut (drop) players.

Daniel Okrent
Daniel Okrent (born April 2, 1948) is an American writer and editor. He is best known for having served as the first public editor of The New York Times newspaper, inventing Rotisserie League Baseball, and for writing several books (such as Last Call: The Rise and Fall of Prohibition, which served as a major source for the 2011 Ken Burns/Lynn Novick miniseries Prohibition). In November 2011, Last Call won the Albert J. Beveridge prize, awarded by the American Historical Association to the year's best book of American history. His most recent book, published May 2019, is The Guarded Gate: Bigotry, Eugenics, and the Law That Kept Two Generations of Jews, Italians, and Other European Immigrants Out of America.
Michael Hogan (hurler)
Michael Hogan (1968 – 10 November 2024) was an Irish hurler. At club level he played with Birr and was also a member of the Offaly senior hurling team.

Hogan had a successful career across various levels. An All-Ireland Club SHC-winner with Birr, he captained Offaly to their very first All-Ireland MHC title in 1986. Hogan later lined out with the senior team and was part of the National Hurling League-winning team in 1991.

Hogan died on 10 November 2024, at the age of 56.

Offaly GAA
The Offaly County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) (Irish: Bord Contae Uíbh Fhailí de Chumann Lúthchleas Gael) or Offaly GAA is one of the 32 county boards of the GAA in Ireland, and is responsible for Gaelic games in County Offaly. Separate county boards are also responsible for the Offaly county teams.

The county hurling team won All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship (SHC) titles during the 1980s and 1990s. The county football team won All-Ireland Senior Football Championship (SFC) titles during the 1970s and 1980s.
Petticoat
A petticoat or underskirt is an article of clothing, a type of undergarment worn under a skirt or a dress. Its precise meaning varies over centuries and between countries.

According to the Oxford English Dictionary, in current British English, a petticoat is "a light loose undergarment ... hanging from the shoulders or waist". In modern American usage, "petticoat" refers only to a garment hanging from the waist. They are most often made of cotton, silk or tulle. Without petticoats, skirts of the 1850s would not have the volume they were known for. In historical contexts (16th to mid-19th centuries), petticoat refers to any separate skirt worn with a gown, bedgown, bodice or jacket; these petticoats are not, strictly speaking, underwear, as they were made to be seen. In both historical and modern contexts, petticoat refers to skirt-like undergarments worn for warmth or to give the skirt or dress the desired attractive shape.

Jacket
A jacket is a garment for the upper body, usually extending below the hips. A jacket typically has sleeves and fastens in the front or slightly on the side. Jackets without sleeves are vests. A jacket is generally lighter, tighter-fitting, and less insulating than a coat, but both are outerwear. Some jackets are fashionable, while some others serve as protective clothing.
Stavros Psycharis
Stavros Psycharis (Greek: Σταύρος Ψυχάρης; 1945 – 2 August 2022) was a Greek publisher and politician. He served as Civil Administrator of Mount Athos from 1996 to 2001.

Psycharis died in Porto Rafti, Greece on 2 August 2022.

Porto Rafti
Porto Rafti (Greek: Πόρτο Ράφτη), officially named Limin Markopoulou (Λιμήν Μαρκοπούλου), is a seaside resort town located in East Attica, Greece.

Porto Rafti's main source of income is tourism and winemaking. It is part of the municipality of Markopoulo Mesogaias. In the 2011 census data, its permanent population was 9,686. Today, the permanent population is believed to be closer to 15,000, peaking at 100,000 every year during the summer season.
Columbia Pike–Federal Triangle Line
The Columbia Pike–Federal Triangle Line, designated Route 16F, or Route 16X, was a rush hour-only MetroExtra bus route that was operated by the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority between Federal Triangle station of the Blue, Orange and Silver lines of the Washington Metro and the neighborhood of Culmore. This line was part of the Pike Ride service, which served through Columbia Pike. This line provides service from Federal Triangle in Washington, D.C., to the neighborhood of Culmore in Fairfax County. The line was merged with the 16C on June 24, 2018.

MetroExtra
MetroExtra was a limited-stop service operated by the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority, which operates on Metrobus lines that need extra service with faster trips. There were six MetroExtra routes with only two of them having daily service.