hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Internet slang
Internet slang (also known as Internet shorthand, cyber-slang, netspeak, or digispeak) is a non-standard or unofficial form of language used by people on the Internet to communicate to one another. A popular example of Internet slang is "lol", meaning "laughing out loud". Since Internet slang is constantly changing, it is difficult to provide a standardized definition. However, it can be understood to be any type of slang that Internet users have popularized, and in many cases, have coined. Such terms often originate with the purpose of saving keystrokes or to compensate for character limit restrictions. Many people use the same abbreviations in texting, instant messaging, and social networking websites. Acronyms, keyboard symbols, and abbreviations are common types of Internet slang. New dialects of slang, such as leet or lolspeak, develop as ingroup Internet memes rather than time savers. Many people also use Internet slang in face-to-face, real life communication.

Real life
Real life is a phrase used originally in literature to distinguish between the real world and fictional, virtual or idealized worlds, and in acting to distinguish between actors and the characters they portray. It may also be called reality. It has become a common term on the internet to describe events, people, activities, and interactions occurring offline, or otherwise not primarily through the medium of the Internet. It is also used as a metaphor to distinguish life in a vocational setting as opposed to an academic one, or adulthood and the adult world as opposed to childhood or adolescence.
Warwick railway station
Warwick railway station serves the market town of Warwick in Warwickshire, England.  The station is served by Chiltern Railways (who manage the station), and also less frequently by West Midlands Trains. It is located around half a mile north of the town centre.

Warwick is also served by Warwick Parkway railway station on the town's outskirts, which opened in 2000.

West Midlands Trains
WM Trains Limited, doing business as West Midlands Trains, is a British state-owned train operating company that operates commuter and local services in the West Midlands region and on the West Coast Main Line between London and the Northwest under two trading names: within the West Midlands region as West Midlands Railway (WMR) and outside the region as London Northwestern Railway (LNR). It assumed responsibility  for these services on 1 February 2026 at the conclusion of the outsourcing contract previously placed with Transport UK Group and Mitsui & Co.
2012 SANFL season
The 2012 South Australian National Football League season was the 133rd season of the top-level Australian rules football competition in South Australia.
The season opened on Friday 23 March with a night match between Woodville-West Torrens and Port Adelaide, and concluded on Sunday 7 October with the Grand Final in which Norwood (minor premiers) won its 28th premiership by defeating West Adelaide (third at the end of the minor rounds).

Central District, North Adelaide and Woodville-West Torrens also made the top (final) five teams and participated in the finals matches, with Central District failing to make the Grand Final for the first time since 2000.  Glenelg, Port Adelaide, South Adelaide and Sturt all missed the top five, with the latter finishing last to win its 20th wooden spoon.

Central District Football Club
Central District Football Club, nicknamed the Bulldogs, is an Australian rules football club which plays in the South Australian National Football League. Based in Elizabeth in the City of Playford, about 25 km north of Adelaide, its home ground is X Convenience Oval (Elizabeth Oval), which is often referred to as the "Ponderosa".

Unlike the other league clubs Central's development zone is a single contiguous area that includes the northern Adelaide suburbs of Elizabeth, Salisbury, Smithfield, Munno Para, Golden Grove, Greenwith, the adjacent country townships of Angle Vale, Virginia, One Tree Hill, Gawler and the adjacent semi rural areas that also includes the Barossa Valley.
Biodiesel in the United States
Biodiesel is commercially available in most oilseed-producing states in the United States. As of 2023, it is less expensive than petroleum-diesel, though it is still commonly produced in relatively small quantities (in comparison to petroleum products and ethanol fuel).

The total U.S. production capacity for biodiesel reached 2.24 billion US gallons per year (8.5×10^6 m3/a) in 2007, although poor market conditions held 2007 production to about 450 million US gallons (1.7×10^6 m3), according to the National Biodiesel Board (NBB).

In 2020, about 1.8 billion gallons of biodiesel were produced in the United States, with about 197 million gallons and 145 million gallons being imported and exported respectively.

U.S. biodiesel production hit an all-time high in 2015, its second record-breaking year in a row.  EPA statistics show production of 1.813 billion gallons in 2015, up from the previous record of 1.74 billion gallons in 2014.

Willie Nelson Biodiesel
Willie Nelson Biodiesel is an American company started by singer-songwriter Willie Nelson, that produces biofuel under the brand name BioWillie. Nelson became interested in biofuels in 2004 after his wife bought a diesel car, which she fueled only with biodiesel. They were impressed by the efficiency and performance of the biofuels and their potential to end the dependence of the United States on foreign oil sources, as well as to provide the family farmers with work to produce it. The same year, he and his wife became partners with Bob and Kelly King in the building of two biodiesel plants, one in Salem, Oregon and the other at Carl's Corner, Texas.

Due to the high requirements of the brand, the availability of the fuel declined. In 2012, Nelson and Pacific Biodiesel reached an agreement for the production of the fuel. Starting during Nelson's birthday, on April 30, the company made available a retail pump containing BioWillie in Maui.
USCGC Tampa (WMEC-902)
USCGC Tampa (WMEC-902) is a United States Coast Guard medium endurance cutter. She was commissioned 16 March 1984. Her motto, "Thy way is the sea, thy path in the great waters", matches the inscription that is engraved on the memorial at Arlington National Cemetery for the 131 persons lost following the sinking of a previous cutter Tampa on 18 September 1918.

USCGC Tampa (1912)
USCGC Tampa (ex-Miami) was a Miami-class cutter that initially served in the U.S. Revenue Cutter Service, followed by service in the U.S. Coast Guard and the U.S. Navy. Tampa was used extensively on the International Ice Patrol and also during the Gasparilla Carnival at Tampa, Florida and other regattas as a patrol vessel. It was sunk with the highest American naval combat casualty loss in World War I.
Black & Blue (Harold Melvin & the Blue Notes album)
Black & Blue is an album released by Harold Melvin & the Blue Notes on the Philadelphia International record label in September 1973. It was produced by Kenneth Gamble & Leon Huff.

The album features the hit singles "The Love I Lost" and "Satisfaction Guaranteed (Or Your Love Back)". The B-side of "Satisfaction Guaranteed (Or Your Love Back)", "I'm Weak for You", also made the R&B chart.

The album was remastered and reissued with bonus tracks in 2010 by Big Break Records.

Gamble and Huff
Kenneth Gamble (born August 11, 1943, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) and Leon A. Huff (born April 8, 1942, Camden, New Jersey) are an American songwriting and production duo credited for developing the Philadelphia soul music genre (also known as Philly sound) of the 1970s. In addition to forming their own label, Philadelphia International Records, Gamble and Huff have written and produced 175 gold and platinum records, earning them an induction into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in the non-performer category in March 2008.
Kodrion
Kodrion, Codrion or Codrio (Ancient Greek: Κόδριον, romanized: Kodrion; Latin: Codrio/Codrion) was an ancient town in southern Illyria, located somewhere to the north of Mount Tomorr, in present-day Albania. The settlement have been presumably identified with the archaeological remains of a fortified site at Kalaja e Irmajt, in the district of Gramsh. The town is mentioned in the events concerning the Illyrian Wars and Macedonian Wars.

Roman writer Livy describes Codrio as a sufficiently strong and fortified town (oppidum). It was located in a strategic position enough to warrant a Roman garrison after its capture.

The name of the town is certainly pre-Roman. A Paleo-Balkan origin has been suggested, relating it to the Albanian: kodër (definite form: kodra) 'hill', and Romanian: codru '(wooded) mountain, forest', with the same root as the ancient toponym Scodra (present-day Shkodër).

Definiteness
In linguistics, definiteness is a semantic feature of noun phrases that distinguishes between referents or senses that are identifiable in a given context (definite noun phrases) and those that are not (indefinite noun phrases). The prototypical definite noun phrase picks out a unique, familiar, specific referent such as the sun or Australia, as opposed to indefinite examples like an idea or some fish.

There is considerable variation in the expression of definiteness across languages, and some languages such as Japanese do not generally mark it, so the same expression can be definite in some contexts and indefinite in others. In other languages, such as English, it is usually marked by the selection of determiner (e.g., the vs. a). Still other languages, such as Danish, mark definiteness morphologically by changing the noun itself (e.g. Danish en mand (a man), manden (the man)).
Augustalis (bishop)
Augustalis (fl. 441-442) was the first bishop of Toulon, according to some authorities. He was appointed in 441. He attended the Council of Orange that year, and the Council of Vaison the following. He is associated with the civitas of Arles (ancient Arelate) by the Martyrologium Hieronymianum, which honors him on September 7. He is also named by the Martyrologium romanum on that day, with his location noted as in Gallia. An Augustalis, most likely this man, appears among a group of bishops addressed by Pope Leo I in letters dated 22 August 449 and 5 May 450, the latter of which addresses issues of jurisdiction between Arles and Vienne.

Civitas
In Ancient Rome, a civitas (Latin pronunciation: [ˈkiːwɪtaːs]; plural civitates), sometimes translated as "city", was the social body of the cives, or citizens, united by their laws, which gave them responsibilities (Latin: munera) on the one hand, and rights on the other. The agreement (concilium) has a life of its own, creating a res publica or "public entity" (synonymous with civitas), into which individuals are born or accepted, and from which they die or are ejected. The civitas is not just the collective body of all the citizens; it is the contract binding them all together, because each of them is a civis.
Tonya Nero
Tonya Nero (born 27 November 1988) is a Trinidad and Tobago long-distance runner. She holds national records in the 5k, 10k, half marathon, and marathon.

Nero was an All-American in the 10,000 m at the 2011 NCAA Division I Outdoor Track and Field Championships for the Wichita State Shockers track and field team.

She competed at the 2012, 2014, 2016 and 2018 editions of the World Half Marathon Championships. Her best finish was 27th at the 2012 edition in Kavarna, Bulgaria, when she set the Trinidad & Tobago national record with a time of 1:15:13.

In 2019, she competed in the women's 10,000 metres at the Pan American Games held in Lima, Peru. She finished in 10th place with a time of 34:15.36.

World Athletics Road Running Championships
The World Athletics Road Running Championships is a biennial international road running competition organised by World Athletics. The competition was launched as the IAAF World Half Marathon Championships in 1992 and held annually until 2010. It was renamed the IAAF World Road Running Championships in 2006 and reduced in distance to a 20K run, but reverted to the half marathon distance the following year and to the original competition name the year after that. The competition was renamed to its current title in 2020 after the governing body rebranded itself moving away from the long-standing International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF) moniker and expanded to include additional races.

The competition replaced the female-only IAAF World Women's Road Race Championships, which was held annually from 1983 to 1991.

The last Championships was held in 2023.
Nikon 1 series
The Nikon 1 series is a line of mirrorless interchangeable lens cameras from Nikon, originally announced on 21 September 2011. The cameras utilized Nikon 1-mount lenses, and featured 1" CX format sensors. The FT-1 adapter was available, which allowed Nikon 1 users to mount nearly all Nikon F-mount lenses, with significant limitations on non-autofocus lenses and autofocus lenses without an internal focusing motor.

Nikon discontinued the Nikon 1 series in July 2018 and launched the mirrorless -series cameras later that year, using full-frame sensors and a new Nikon Z-mount line of lenses. The Nikon Z7 and Nikon Z6 were the first two models. As of 2024, the Nikon Z-series also has largely replaced Nikon's D-series DSLRs with APS-C and full-frame sensors.

Intervalometer
An intervalometer, also called an interval meter or interval timer, is a device that measures short intervals of time. People commonly use such devices to signal, in accurate time intervals, the operation of some other device. The intervalometer measures the intermittent pulses between a starting pulse signal and an ending pulse signal, before a pulse counter measures the number of pulses released into the appropriate time interval. For instance, an intervalometer might activate something every 30 seconds.
Rostam Batmanglij
Rostam Batmanglij (Persian: رستم باتمانقلیج, IPA: [rosˈtæm bɒːtmɒːŋɢeˈliːdʒ]; born November 28, 1983), known mononymously as Rostam, is an American musician, record producer and songwriter. He was a founding member of the band Vampire Weekend, whose first three albums he produced. He has been described by Stereogum as one of the greatest pop and indie-rock producers of his generation. Rostam also works as a solo artist and is a member of electro-soul group Discovery. He produced his first number-one album, Vampire Weekend's Contra, when he was 26 years old.

Batmanglij has been nominated for three Grammy Awards: twice for Best Alternative Music Album with Vampire Weekend (winning for Modern Vampires of the City) and once for Album of the Year as producer of Haim's Women in Music Pt. III.

Grammy Award for Album of the Year
The Grammy Award for Album of the Year is an award presented by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences of the United States to "honor artistic achievement, technical proficiency and overall excellence in the recording industry, without regard to album sales, chart position, or critical reception." Album of the Year is the most prestigious category at the Grammy Awards and is one of the general field categories that have been presented annually since the 1st Annual Grammy Awards in 1959 alongside Best New Artist, Record of the Year, and Song of the Year.
Aizpuru
Aizpuru (also Aizpurúa and Aispurua) is a surname of Basque origin. Notable people with the surname include:

Natalia Aispurúa (born 20 December 1991), Argentine volleyball player.

Iñaki Aizpurua (born 1970), Spanish retired footballer who played as a goalkeeper.

Juana de Aizpuru (born 1933), Spanish art gallerist.

Julián Elorza Aizpuru (1879–1964), Spanish politician.

Manuela Sáenz y Aizpuru (1797–1856), Ecuadorian revolutionary.

Mertxe Aizpurua, Spanish journalist and politician.

Oier Aizpurua (1977), Spanish sprint canoer who competed in the early 2000s.

Pilar Gonzalbo Aizpuru (born 1935), Spanish academic.

Pilar Gonzalbo Aizpuru
Pilar Gonzalbo Aizpuru (13 January 1935 in Madrid, Spain - 26 February 2024) was a Spanish-Mexican academic who specialized in the cultural history of New Spain. In 2007 she received, along archaeologist Eduardo Matos Moctezuma, the National Prize for Arts and Sciences of Mexico in the category of History, Social Sciences and Philosophy.

Gonzalbo was a member of the Advisory Council on Sciences of the Presidency of Mexico and the Mexican Academy of Sciences.
Evectant
In mathematical invariant theory, an evectant is a contravariant constructed from an invariant by acting on it with a differential operator called an  evector. Evectants and evectors were introduced by James Sylvester.

Differential operator
In mathematics, a differential operator is an operator defined as a function of the differentiation operator. It is helpful, as a matter of notation first, to consider differentiation as an abstract operation that accepts a function and returns another function (in the style of a higher-order function in computer science).

This article considers mainly linear differential operators, which are the most common type. However, non-linear differential operators also exist, such as the Schwarzian derivative.
Frontal sinus trephination
Frontal sinus trephination is a surgical procedure wherein a small opening is made in the floor of the frontal sinus to facilitate drainage of its contents. Drainage of the frontal sinus is done through the floor of frontal sinus above the inner canthus.

Frontal sinus
The frontal sinuses are one of the four pairs of paranasal sinuses that are situated behind the brow ridges. Sinuses are mucosa-lined airspaces within the bones of the face and skull. Each opens into the anterior part of the corresponding middle nasal meatus of the nose through the frontonasal duct which traverses the anterior part of the labyrinth of the ethmoid. These structures then open into the semilunar hiatus in the middle meatus.
Hancock Historical Museum
The Hancock Historical Museum is a museum in Findlay, Ohio dedicated to the preservation of the history of Hancock County, Ohio. It is a non-profit, privately funded museum located in the Hull-Flater House at 422 West Sandusky Street and is a member of the Ohio Local History Alliance.

Hancock County, Ohio
Hancock County is a county located in the U.S. state of Ohio. As of the 2020 census, the population was 74,920. Its county seat and largest city is Findlay. The county was created in 1820 and later organized in 1828. It was named for John Hancock, the first signer of the Declaration of Independence. Hancock County comprises the Findlay, Ohio Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Tennis at the 2019 Pan American Games – Men's doubles
The men's doubles tennis event of the 2019 Pan American Games was held from July 29 through August 3 at the Club Lawn Tennis de La Exposcicion in Lima, Peru.

Gonzalo Escobar and Roberto Quiroz of Ecuador won the gold medal, defeating Guido Andreozzi and Facundo Bagnis of Argentina in the final, 6–4, 3–6, [10–8].

Sergio Galdós and Juan Pablo Varillas of Peru won the bronze medal, defeating Boris Arias and Federico Zeballos of Bolivia in the bronze-medal match, 6–3, 3–6, [12–10].

Guido Andreozzi
Guido Andreozzi (Latin American Spanish: [ˈɡiðo andɾeˈosi]; Italian: [ˈɡwiːdo andreˈɔttsi]; born 5 August 1991) is an Argentine professional tennis player of Italian descent. His career-high rankings are world No. 70 in singles, achieved on 28 January 2019, and No. 28 in doubles, reached on 27 October 2025. He has won two ATP Tour and 36 ATP Challenger Tour doubles titles.
5-carboxymethyl-2-hydroxymuconic-semialdehyde dehydrogenase
In enzymology, a 5-carboxymethyl-2-hydroxymuconic-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.60) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

5-carboxymethyl-2-hydroxymuconate semialdehyde + H2O + NAD+  5-carboxymethyl-2-hydroxymuconate + NADH + 2 H+

The 3 substrates of this enzyme are 5-carboxymethyl-2-hydroxymuconate semialdehyde, H2O, and NAD+, whereas its 3 products are 5-carboxymethyl-2-hydroxymuconate, NADH, and H+.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donor with NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is 5-carboxymethyl-2-hydroxymuconic-semialdehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase. This enzyme is also called carboxymethylhydroxymuconic semialdehyde dehydrogenase.  This enzyme participates in tyrosine metabolism.

Hydrogen ion
A hydrogen ion is an ion created when a hydrogen atom loses or gains an electron. A positively charged hydrogen ion (or proton) can readily combine with other particles and therefore is only seen isolated when it is in a gaseous state or a nearly particle-free space. Due to its extremely high charge density of approximately 2×1010 times that of a sodium ion, the bare hydrogen ion cannot exist freely in solution as it readily hydrates, i.e., bonds quickly. The hydrogen ion is recommended by IUPAC as a general term for all ions of hydrogen and its isotopes. 
Depending on the charge of the ion, two different classes can be distinguished: positively charged ions (hydrons) and negatively charged (hydride) ions.
The Surgeon (TV series)
The Surgeon is a 2005 Australian television medical drama. It screened at 9:30pm on Thursdays on Network Ten and in Ireland early morning on RTÉ One. The show was based at a fictional hospital named Sydney General Hospital.

The first season consisted of eight half-hour episodes. The show was nominated for two Logie Awards (Most Outstanding Drama Series & Most Outstanding Actress) as well as two AACTAs (Best Lead Actress in a Television Drama and Best Telefeature or Mini Series).

RTÉ One
RTÉ One is an Irish free-to-air flagship television service owned and operated by RTÉ. It is the most-popular and most-watched television channel in the country and was launched as Telefís Éireann on 31 December 1961, it was renamed RTÉ in 1966, and it was renamed as RTÉ 1 upon the launch of RTÉ2 in 1978.  It is funded partly by the government's licence fee; the remainder of the funding is provided by commercial advertising. Because RTÉ is funded partly by the licence fee it shows considerably fewer advertisements than most other channels available in Ireland and Northern Ireland.

RTÉ One is available to 98% of the Irish population in HD on the Saorview DTT service. It is also available in Northern Ireland via Saorview, Freeview, Sky, and cable provider Virgin Media. The channel is also available online through RTÉ Player.
The Rough Guide to the Music of Afghanistan
The Rough Guide To The Music Of Afghanistan is a world music compilation album originally released in 2010. Part of the World Music Network Rough Guides series, the release covers a wide breadth of the music of Afghanistan on Disc One, and contains a "bonus" Disc Two highlighting the Ahmad Sham Sufi Qawwali Group. The album was compiled by Simon Broughton, editor of world music magazine Songlines, who also compiled The Rough Guide to the Music of Central Asia.

Songlines (magazine)
Songlines is a British magazine launched in 1999 that covers music from traditional and popular to contemporary and fusion, featuring artists from around the globe.

Songlines is published 10 times a year and contains album reviews, artist interviews, guides to particular world music traditions, concert and festival listings and travel stories. Every issue comes with an accompanying compilation CD featuring sample tracks from 10 of the best new releases reviewed in that issue and five additional tracks.

The founding editor is Simon Broughton, co-editor of The Rough Guide to World Music. It is now edited by Russ Slater Johnson.

The name was chosen based on the aboriginal mythological concept of songlines.