hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Giedraičiai
Giedraičiai is a town in Molėtai district municipality, Lithuania with about 700 residents. It is located some 45 km north of Vilnius, capital of Lithuania, on the banks of Lake Kiementas. It is the capital of an elderate. The town, according to a local legend founded by Duke Giedrius, is first mentioned in written sources in 1338 when Grand Duke Gediminas signed a peace treaty with the Teutonic Knights. For a long time it was the centre of Giedraitis family estate.

Gediminas
Gediminas (c. 1275 – December 1341) was Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1315 or 1316 until his death in 1341. When addressing him, Pope John XXII called him rex (i.e. king). Gediminas is traditionally considered to have been the founder of Vilnius, the capital city of Lithuania (see: Iron Wolf legend). During his reign, he brought under his rule lands streching from the Baltic Sea to the Black Sea. The Gediminids dynasty he founded and which is named after him came to rule over Poland, Hungary and Bohemia.
2016 United States House of Representatives elections in Missouri
The 2016 United States House of Representatives elections in Missouri were held on November 8, 2016, to elect the eight U.S. representatives from the state of Missouri, one from each of the state's eight congressional districts. The elections coincided with the 2016 U.S. presidential election, as well as other elections to the House of Representatives, elections to the United States Senate and various state and local elections. The primaries were held on August 2.

Lacy Clay
William Lacy Clay Jr. (born July 27, 1956) is an American politician who served as the U.S. representative from Missouri's 1st congressional district from 2001 to 2021. His congressional career ended after he lost in a Democratic primary to Cori Bush in 2020, after successfully defeating her in the 2018 primary.

The district Clay represented is based in the city of St. Louis and includes most of northern St. Louis County (North County), including the cities of Maryland Heights, University City, Ferguson and Florissant.
WGCW-LD
WGCW-LD (channel 36) is a low-power television station in Albany, Georgia, United States, affiliated with The CW Plus. It is owned by Gray Media alongside dual NBC/ABC affiliate WALB (channel 10). The two stations share studios on Stuart Avenue in Albany, where WGCW-LD's transmitter is also located.

Due to WGCW-LD's low power status, its broadcast range only covers the immediate Albany area. Therefore, it can also be seen through a 16:9 widescreen standard definition simulcast on WALB's fourth digital subchannel (10.4) from a transmitter east of Doerun, along the Colquitt–Worth county line.

16:9 aspect ratio
16:9 or sixteen-nine is an aspect ratio with a width of 16 units and height of 9 units. Once seen as an exotic aspect ratio, since 2009, it has become the most common aspect ratio for televisions and computer monitors, and is also the standard aspect radio for the 1080p, 2160p and 4320p formats. 16:9 is the widescreen standard format and Wide-aspect Clear-vision. Japan's Hi-Vision originally started with a 15:9 ratio but converted when the international standards group introduced the wider ratio 16:9. Many digital video cameras have the capability to record in 16:9. It is the only aspect ratio natively supported by Blu-ray Disc, but Blu-ray producers can also choose to show even a wider ratio such as 2.40:1 within the 16:9 frame adding Letterbox black bars within the image itself.
Thiallela ligeralis
Thiallela ligeralis is a species of moth of the family Pyralidae. It is found in  Sri Lanka, Pakistan, India and other oriental regions.

Larval food plants include Manilkara zapota and Pyrus communis.

Pyralidae
The Pyralidae, commonly called pyralid moths, snout moths or grass moths, are a family of Lepidoptera in the ditrysian superfamily Pyraloidea. In many (particularly older) classifications, the grass moths (Crambidae) are included in the Pyralidae as a subfamily, making the combined group one of the largest families in the Lepidoptera. The latest review by Eugene G. Munroe and Maria Alma Solis retain the Crambidae as a full family of Pyraloidea.

The wingspans for small and medium-sized species are usually between 9 and 37 mm (0.35 and 1.46 in) with variable morphological features.

It is a diverse group, with more than 6,000 species described worldwide, and more than 600 species in America north of Mexico, comprising the third largest moth family in North America. At least 42 species have been recorded from North Dakota in the subfamilies of Pyralidae.
Capital punishment in Russia
Capital punishment is a legal penalty in Russia but is not used due to a moratorium and no death sentences or executions have been carried out since 2 August 1996. Russia has had an implicit moratorium in place since one was established by President Boris Yeltsin in 1996, and explicitly established by the Constitutional Court of Russia in 1999 and reaffirmed in 2009.

Drumhead court-martial
A drumhead court-martial is a court-martial held in the field to render summary justice for offenses committed in action. The term is said to originate from drums used as improvised tables and drumheads as writing surfaces at fast-track military trials and executions.
Stone Manse
Stone Manse is a historic manse located near Caldwell, Greenbrier County, West Virginia. It was built in 1796, and is a 2+1⁄2-story, gable roofed, Federal style dwelling. It was built using brown, red, and gray stones from the nearby Greenbrier River. A wood-frame addition was completed in 1833.  The house served as the first manse of the Old Stone Presbyterian Church in Lewisburg and was originally the home of Reverend Benjamin Porter Grigsby, the congregation's second minister.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.

Greenbrier County, West Virginia
Greenbrier County (/ˈɡriːnbraɪ.ər/) is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 32,977. Its county seat is Lewisburg. The county was formed in 1778 from Botetourt and Montgomery Counties in Virginia.
Socialist ideology of the Kuomintang
The historical Kuomintang socialist ideology is a form of socialist thought developed in mainland China during the early Republic of China. The Tongmenghui revolutionary organization led by Sun Yat-sen was the first to promote socialism in China.

Ideology of the Chinese Communist Party
The Chinese Communist Party (CCP) frames its ideology as Marxism–Leninism adapted to the historical context of China, which it calls the Sinicization of Marxism, often expressing it as socialism with Chinese characteristics. Major ideological contributions of the CCP's leadership are viewed as "Thought" or "Theory," with "Thought" carrying greater weight. Influential concepts include Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, and Xi Jinping Thought. Other important concepts include the socialist market economy, Jiang Zemin's idea of the Three Represents, and Hu Jintao's Scientific Outlook on Development.
Music history of the United States to the Civil War
From the American Revolutionary War to the start of the American Civil War, American music underwent many changes.  The folk vernacular traditions diversified and spread across the nation, while a number of prominent composers of European art music also arose.

Saxhorn
The saxhorn  is a family of valved brass instruments that have conical bores and deep cup-shaped mouthpieces. The saxhorn family was developed by Adolphe Sax, who is also known for creating the saxophone family. The sound of the saxhorn has a characteristic mellow tone quality and blends well with other brass.
Miguel del Valle
Miguel del Valle (born July 24, 1951) is an American politician who has served in various roles in municipal and state government in Chicago. He was elected to the Illinois Senate in 1987, becoming the first Hispanic member of the body, and served until 2006. He was appointed to fill a vacancy for Chicago City Clerk by Mayor Richard M. Daley in 2006, and won re-election to a full term in 2007. He ran for Mayor of Chicago in the 2011 election, placing third with 9.3% of the vote. In 2019, he was appointed as president of the Chicago Board of Education by Mayor Lori Lightfoot and served until June 2023.

Mayor of Chicago
The mayor of Chicago is the  chief executive of city government in Chicago, Illinois, the third-largest city in the United States. The mayor is responsible for the administration and management of various city departments.In addition, the Mayor submits proposals and recommendations to the Chicago City Council, is active in the enforcement of the city's ordinances, submits the city's annual budget and appoints city officers, department commissioners or directors, and members of city boards and commissions.

During sessions of the city council, the mayor serves as the presiding officer. The mayor is not allowed to vote on issues except in certain instances, most notably where the vote taken on a matter before the body results in a tie.

The office of mayor was created when Chicago became a city in 1837.
Inocybe corydalina var. corydalina
Inocybe corydalina var. corydalina, commonly known as the greenflush fibrecap, is a member of the genus Inocybe which is widely distributed in temperate forests.  It is a small mycorrhizal mushroom which contains a small amount of the hallucinogen psilocybin.

Mycorrhiza
A mycorrhiza (from Ancient Greek  μύκης (múkēs) 'fungus' and  ῥίζα (rhíza) 'root'; pl. mycorrhizae, mycorrhiza, or mycorrhizas) is a symbiotic association between a fungus and a plant, in which fungal hyphae and plant roots become interconnected and form an interface on the cellular level. The term mycorrhiza refers to the role of the fungus in the plant's rhizosphere, the plant root system and its surroundings. Mycorrhizae play important roles in plant nutrition, soil biology, and soil chemistry.

In a mycorrhizal association, the fungus colonizes the host plant's root tissues, either intracellularly as in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, or extracellularly as in ectomycorrhizal fungi. The association is normally mutualistic. In particular species, or in particular circumstances, mycorrhizae may have a parasitic association with host plants.
Te Sun Han
Te Sun Han (born 1941, Kiryū) is a Korean Japanese information theorist and winner of the 2010 Shannon Award. He is a Professor emeritus of The University of Electro-Communications. He has made significant contributions concerning the interference channel  and information spectrum methods. Some of his work  contributed to initial descriptions of the entropy cone. In 1990, he was elected an IEEE Fellow for contributions to the theory of multiuser information systems and distributed signal detection systems.

Claude E. Shannon Award
The Claude E. Shannon Award of the IEEE Information Theory Society was created to honor consistent and profound contributions to the field of information theory. Each Shannon Award winner is expected to present a Shannon Lecture at the following IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory. It is a prestigious prize in information theory, covering technical contributions at the intersection of mathematics, communication engineering, and theoretical computer science. It is the highest honor given by the IEEE Information Theory Society and is also regarded as the highest award in the entire field of information theory.

It is named for Claude E. Shannon, who was also the first recipient in 1973.
Mirmostafa Javadi
Mirmostafa Javadi Aliabadi (Persian: میر مصطفی جوادی علی‌آبادی; born 22 June 2000) is an Iranian weightlifter who was the 2023 World Weightlifting Champion at 89kg 2023 World Championships, he previously won a silver medal at the 2021 World Championships.

2023 World Weightlifting Championships
The 2023 World Weightlifting Championships was a weightlifting competition held in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia from 4 to 17 September 2023.

The event served as a mandatory event to qualify for the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris, France. The competition was previously expected to be held using two platforms instead of one.
Karl Wendling
Karl/Carl Wendling ([ventling]) (10 August 1875, Strasbourg – 27 March 1962, Stuttgart) was a German violinist and musical educator.

He studied in his hometown with Heinrich Schuster and Florián Zajíc, and later in Berlin with Carl Halir and Joseph Joachim. From 1902 on he was concertmaster at the Bayreuth Festival. In 1907 and 1908, he was concertmaster with the Boston Symphony Orchestra under Karl Muck. He had his own string quartet, "The Wendling Quartet". From 1909 on, he was a teacher at the Royal Stuttgart Conservatory, where he became director in 1929.

Boston Symphony Orchestra
The Boston Symphony Orchestra (BSO) is an American symphony orchestra based in Boston. It is the second-oldest orchestra in the United States and one the five major American symphony orchestras commonly referred to as the "Big Five". Founded by Henry Lee Higginson in 1881, the BSO performs most of its concerts at Boston's Symphony Hall and in the summer performs at Tanglewood.

Since its founding, the orchestra has had 17 music directors, including George Henschel, Serge Koussevitzky, Henri Rabaud, Pierre Monteux, Charles Munch, Erich Leinsdorf, William Steinberg and James Levine. Andris Nelsons is the current music director of the BSO. Seiji Ozawa had held the title of BSO music director laureate. Bernard Haitink had held the title of principal guest conductor of the BSO from 1995 to 2004, then conductor emeritus until his death in 2021. The orchestra has made gramophone recordings since 1917 and has occasionally played on soundtrack recordings for films, including Schindler's List.
Frank Morrison (illustrator)
Frank Morrison (born 1971) is an American illustrator of children's literature and graffiti artist.

Before becoming an illustrator, Morrison travelled globally as a breakdancer with The Sugarhill Gang.

Morrison published his first book, Brenda C. Roberts's Jazzy Miz Mozetta, with Farrar, Straus and Giroux in 2004. His illustrations for the book won him the 2005 John Steptoe Award for New Talent (Illustrator). He has since illustrated over 35 published, including fiction and non-fiction picture books, books for early readers, and middle grade books. In 2022, he published his debut book as a writer and illustrator, Kick Push, with Bloomsbury USA. Since publishing his first book, he has received many awards and honors, including winning a Crystal Kite Award and two Coretta Scott King Awards in addition to the John Steptoe Award.

As of 2024, Morrison lives with his wife and five children in Atlanta.

The Sugarhill Gang
The Sugarhill Gang is an American hip-hop group formed in Englewood, New Jersey, in 1979. Their hit "Rapper's Delight", released the same year they were formed, was the first rap single to become a top 40 hit on the Billboard Hot 100, reaching a peak position of number 36 on January 12, 1980. This was the trio's only U.S. hit, though they would have further success in Europe until the mid-1980s. The trio reformed in 1994 and embarked on a world tour in 2016.
Hawaii Tennis Open
The Hawaii Open is a hardcourt men's and women's professional tennis tournament held annually in Honolulu, Hawaii. The tournament features players from the WTA and ATP Tour. The invitational tournament occurs immediately before the ATP Tour and WTA Tour begin the new season in late December. As of July 2022, The Hawaii Open is now the Waikiki Cup.

The Hawaii Open features three rounds of single-elimination matches played over three days in a best two-out-of-three set format. Third sets are played as a tie-break with the first to 10 points declared the winner.

Jordan Thompson (tennis)
Jordan Thompson (born 20 April 1994) is an Australian professional tennis player. He reached a career-high ranking of world No. 26 in singles and of No. 3 in doubles. Thompson won the Grand Slam title at the 2024 US Open with Max Purcell. He has won one singles and eight doubles ATP titles. He is currently the No. 4 Australian doubles player.
Västgöta nation, Uppsala
Västgöta Nation, commonly known as Västgöta or VG, is one of the thirteen student nations of Uppsala University, originally intended for students from Västergötland Province. It was founded in 1639 and thus is Uppsala's oldest nation. With about 1 200 members Västgöta Nation is one of the smaller nations at Uppsala but still has extensive cultural activities including three choirs, a theatre club and an orchestra.

The nation's building (Swedish: nationshus) lies along the Fyris river and was probably built in 1604, though its cellar is much older. The building survived a citywide fire in 1702, unusually for central Uppsala. Amongst the building's former owners was Field Marshal Lennart Torstenson, and it has been in the nation's possession since 1825.

Lennart Torstensson
Lennart Torstensson (17 August 1603 – 7 April 1651), Swedish Field Marshal and later Governor-General of Pomerania, Västergötland, Dalsland, Värmland and Halland. He adapted the use of artillery on the battlefield, making it a more mobile weapon than previously known. Torstensson achieved important victories in the Thirty Years' War and in Sweden's war against Denmark (1643-45), which is named the Torstenson War after him. The period of his supreme command marks one of the most successful chapters in the military history of the Swedish army.
Navlakha Bus Stand
The  Navlakha Inter-state bus terminus popularly known as Navlakha Bus Stand or ISBT, located in Indore is one of the three important Inter State Bus Terminals in Indore. It operates bus services between Indore and other cities of Madhya Pradesh, namely Betul, Chhindwara, Hoshangabad, Harda and towns like Bagli, Dewas, Karnawad and Khategaon on the National Highway 47 (India) (NH47) also known as "Nemawar Road" or "Indore-Nagpur Road".

Chhindwara
Chhindwara is a city and Municipal Corporation in Chhindwara district in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. The city is the administrative headquarters of Chhindwara District. Chhindwara is reachable by rail or road from adjacent cities Betul, Jabalpur and Nagpur. The nearest airport is in Nagpur, although there is a small airport located in the district which is not serviceable for passenger planes.
Eric Ochieng
Eric Ochieng Opondo is a Kenyan former footballer who played as a midfielder for several Kenyan Premier League clubs including Red Berets, A.F.C. Leopards, Bandari, Gor Mahia, Wazito and Nairobi City Stars.

Ochieng turns out for second-tier side Kenyan National Super League Dandora Love as he pursues his coaching badges

He earned one cap for the Kenyan national team.

Kenya national football team
The Kenya national football team (Swahili: Timu ya Taifa ya Kandanda ya Kenya), colloquially known as the Harambee Stars, represents Kenya in association football. It is controlled by the Football Kenya Federation, the governing body of football in Kenya, and competes as a member of the Confederation of African Football (CAF) and the Council for East and Central Africa Football Associations (CECAFA). The team plays its home games primarily at the Nyayo National Stadium in the capital, Nairobi.
Bob Polk
James Robert Polk (February 28, 1915 – March 18, 1986) was an American basketball coach. Polk coached the Vanderbilt Commodores, the Trinity Tigers, the Saint Louis Billikens and Rice University.    He began his college coaching career as an assistant coach a Georgia Tech during World War II. His first coaching job was at his high school alma mater Tell City High, in Tell City, Indiana.

Rice Owls men's basketball
The Rice Owls men's basketball program is the intercollegiate men's basketball program of Rice University. The program is classified in the NCAA's Division I, and the team competes in the American Athletic Conference. They previously participated in the Southwest Conference (1914–1996), the Western Athletic Conference (1996–2005), and Conference USA (2005–2023).

The Owls play their home games in Tudor Fieldhouse, which they have called home since 1950. Previously known as Rice Gymnasium, it was renamed in honor of Rice alum Bobby Tudor, who spearheaded the 2008 renovation of the facility with a multimillion-dollar donation. Rice has appeared four times in the NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament, most recently in 1970. Their 54 years without making the Tournament is currently the fifth longest in active history.

Rice has never reached a conference tournament final in any of the conferences they have played in (Southwest, WAC, Conference USA, The American).
Adele Clarke
Adele Elizabeth Clarke (April 1, 1945 – January 19, 2024) was an American sociologist and women's health scholar. Clarke was considered a distinguished scholar and leader in the field of Science, Technology, and Medicine Studies (ST&MS). She made significant contributions to sociology, history of medicine and feminist reproductive studies.

Medical education
Medical education is education related to the practice of being a medical practitioner, including the initial training to become a physician (i.e., medical school and internship) and additional training thereafter (e.g., residency, fellowship, and continuing medical education).

Medical education and training varies considerably across the world. Various teaching methodologies have been used in medical education, which is an active area of educational research.

Medical education is also the subject-didactic academic field of educating medical doctors at all levels, including entry-level, post-graduate, and continuing medical education. Specific requirements such as entrustable professional activities must be met before moving on in stages of medical education.
Gavín
Gavín (Aragonese: Gabín) is a Spanish locality situated in the municipality of Biescas. (Alto Gállego, Huesca, Aragon). The locality is at 974 Metres in altitude and is located in the Tena Valley. Its name seems to come from the Latin anthroponym Gapius.

Mozarabic art and architecture
Mozarabic art is an early medieval artistic style that is part of the pre-Romanesque style and emerged in al-Andalus and in the kingdom of León. It's named after the Mozarabs (from musta'rab meaning "Arabized"), the Christians of al-Andalus. It was developed by the Hispanic Christians who lived in Arab-Muslim territory and in the expansion territories of the León crown, in the period from the Arab-Islamic Conquest of the Iberian Peninsula (711) to the end of the 11th century. During this period, disciplines such as painting, goldsmithing and architecture with marked Caliphate influences were cultivated in a context of medieval coexistence - Christian, Hebrew and Muslim - in which the territories were constantly changing in size and status. Other names for this artistic style are Leonese art or repopulation art.
Rebecca Television
Rebecca Television was a British investigative journalism website originally launched in April 2010. The site combined investigative journalism in traditional written article format and video reports. The website was a subscription-based news source independent of advertising or sponsorship. Rebecca Television's editor, Paddy French, was a current affairs producer with British broadcaster ITV Wales for ten years before founding the website.

Its first major story covered a Masonic directory naming over 10,000 Freemasons in Wales as part of a campaign to publish the names of all Freemasons in England and Wales. The story also examined the role of Freemasonry in a series of child abuse investigations.

Child abuse
Child abuse (also called child endangerment or child maltreatment) is physical, sexual, emotional and/or psychological maltreatment or neglect of a child, especially by a parent or a caregiver. Child abuse may include any act or failure to act by a parent or a caregiver that results in actual or potential wrongful harm to a child and can occur in a child's home, or in organizations, schools, or communities the child interacts with.

Different jurisdictions have different requirements for mandatory reporting and have developed different definitions of what constitutes child abuse, and therefore have different criteria to remove children from their families or to prosecute a criminal charge.