hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Drift Falls
Drift Falls, also known as Bust-Yer-Butt Falls and Driftwood Falls, is a waterfall located on private property off of U.S. Route 64 in Transylvania County, North Carolina. It is on the Horsepasture River, upstream from Rainbow Falls and Turtleback Falls. It is accessible from the Rainbow Falls Trail, which passes through Gorges State Park and Nantahala National Forest on the way. The falls was once a popular place to swim and slide down; however, the property it is on has since changed hands and now, only a view from downstream is accessible.

Nantahala National Forest
The Nantahala National Forest (/ˌnæntəˈheɪlə/) is the largest of the four national forests in North Carolina, lying in the mountains and valleys of western North Carolina. The Nantahala is the second wettest region in the Continental US, after the Pacific Northwest and it is part of the Appalachian temperate rainforest. Due to its environmental importance and historical ties with the Cherokee, the forest was officially established on January 29, 1920, by President Woodrow Wilson. The word "Nantahala" is a Cherokee derived word, meaning "Land of the Noonday Sun." In some spots, the sun reaches the floors of the deep gorges of the forest only when it is high overhead at midday. This was part of the homeland of the historic Cherokee and their indigenous ancestors, who have occupied the region for thousands of years.  The Nantahala River runs through it.
Tadım, Elâzığ
Tadım (Armenian: Դատեմ) is a village in the Elazığ District of Elazığ Province in Turkey. Its population is 399 (2021). Lying in the ancient province of Sophene, the village probably served as the capital of the Roman province of Fourth Armenia.

Elazığ Province
Elazığ Province (Turkish: Elazığ ili; Zazaki: Suke Xarpêt; Kurdish: Parêzgeha Xarpêtê) is a province of Turkey with its seat in the city of Elazığ. Its area is 9,383 km2, and its population is 591,497 (2022). The population of the province was 569,616 in 2000 and 498,225 in 1990. The province is considered part of Turkish Kurdistan and has a Kurdish majority.
Ariel Armony
Dr. Ariel Armony is an Argentine-born academic and the current Vice Chancellor for Global Affairs at The University of Pittsburgh. Armony is the author of numerous books on political science, Latin American studies, and urban studies. Armony has led University of Pittsburgh's international programs since 2015, as Senior Director of International Programs and then as Vice Provost and Vice Chancellor for Global Affairs. He is also Director of the University Center for International Studies. In Fall of 2024, he will begin his new role as Provost and Executive Vice President of Babson College in Wellesley, Massachusetts.

Latin American studies
Latin American studies (LAS) is an academic and research field associated with the study of Latin America. The interdisciplinary study is a subfield of area studies, and can be composed of numerous disciplines such as economics, sociology, history, international relations, political science, geography, cultural studies, gender studies, and literature.
Naurejpur
Naurojpur is a village in the district of Jalaun, Uttar Pradesh India, about 10 km from the Yamuna River. One can reach Naurejpur by taking a bus from Auraiya or Jalaun to Kuthaund, which is 5 km from Naurejpur. The current Pradhan of Naurejpur is Bhure. One Jadaun family lives in the village. It is a very socially, educationally and economically backward village.

Pradhan
Pradhan (Devanagari: प्रधान) is generally ministerial title of Sanskrit origin used in the Indian subcontinent. The Sanskrit pradhāna translates to "major" or "prime"; however, the more modern Hindi definitions provided by the Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary also include "chief" and "leader". The precise interpretation can differ significantly by region. The style was somewhat abandoned by many Indian princely states during the Mughal era in favor of Persian styles such as Wasir and Diwan. Pradhan is also a surname mainly in Nepal, India etc.
Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health
The Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health is a bimonthly peer-reviewed medical journal covering research on immigrant health and the health of minority groups. It was established in 1999 as the Journal of Immigrant Health, obtaining its current name in 2006. It is published by Springer Science+Business Media and the editor-in-chief is Sana Loue (Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine). According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2021 impact factor of 2.015.

Refugee health
Refugee health is the field of study on the health effects experienced by people who have been displaced into another country or even to another part of the world, as a result of unsafe circumstances such as war or persecution. People who have been displaced can be affected by infectious diseases or some chronic diseases that are uncommon in the country in which they eventually settle. Mental health is an important consideration and can greatly impact people who are displaced. The health status of refugee's can be tied to factors such as the person who migrated's geographic origin, conditions of refugee camps or urban settings where they lived, and personal, physical, and psychological conditions of the person, either pre-existing or acquired while traveling from their homeland to a camp or eventually to their new home.
Timothy McGuire
Timothy Patrick McGuire (born July 19, 1965) is a retired United States Army major general who last served as the Deputy Commanding General of the United States Army Installation Management Command from August 2018 to June 2021. Previously, he served as the Deputy Commanding General of United States Army Europe.

McGuire is a 1987 graduate of the United States Military Academy with a B.S. degree in diplomatic and strategic history. He later earned a master's degree in international relations from the University of Chile and a second master's degree in national security and strategic studies from the Naval War College.

United States Army Installation Management Command
The United States Army Installation Management Command (IMCOM) is a support formation of the United States Army responsible for the day-to-day management of Army installations around the globe. Army garrisons are communities that provide many of the same types of services expected from any small city. IMCOM is a major subordinate command of U.S. Army Materiel Command (AMC). IMCOM is headquartered at Fort Sam Houston.
Isaac ben Jacob Benjacob
Isaac ben Jacob Benjacob (10 January 1801, Ramygala – 2 July 1863, Vilnius) was a Lithuanian Jewish maskil, best known as a bibliographer, author, and publisher. His 17-volume Hebrew Bible included Rashi, Moses Mendelssohn, as well as his own Mikraei Kodesh, which "emended" the biblical text and helped spread the Haskalah movement.

Ramygala
Ramygala (pronunciationⓘ, literally "quiet end") is a town in Lithuania. It is located some 24 km (15 mi) south from Panevėžys on the banks of the Upytė River, a tributary to the Nevėžis River. According to 2017 estimate, it had 1,440 residents.
Bill Rainbird
William Gerald Rainbird (9 April 1916 – 27 September 1997) was a New Zealand cricketer who played first-class cricket for Wellington from 1935 to 1946.

Bill Rainbird was a right-handed batsman. He was the second-highest run-scorer in the Plunket Shield in 1938-39, with 280 runs at an average of 56.00, including his only first-class century, 102 against Otago. He was in the New Zealand squad to play the touring Sir Julien Cahn’s XI at the end of the season, in what proved to be New Zealand’s last match before World War II, but he was made twelfth man.

He served in the New Zealand Army during World War II.

Wellington cricket team
The Wellington Firebirds are one of six New Zealand men's first-class cricket teams that make up New Zealand Cricket.
It is based in Wellington. It competes in the Plunket Shield first class (4-day) competition, The Ford Trophy domestic one day competition and the Men's Super Smash Twenty20 competition.

The Wellington Cricket Association was formed in 1875. It is New Zealand's oldest cricket association.
Renal fascia
The renal fascia is a dense, elastic connective tissue envelope enclosing the kidney and adrenal gland, together with the layer of perirenal fat surrounding these two.

The renal fascia separates the adipose capsule of kidney from the overlying pararenal fat. The deeper layers deep to the renal fascia are, in order, the adipose capsule (or perirenal fat), the renal capsule and finally the parenchyma of the renal cortex. At the renal hilum, the renal capsule extends into the renal sinus.

The renal fascia was originally described as consisting of two distinct structures: the anterior renal fascia (Gerota's fascia), and posterior renal fascia (Zuckerkandl's fascia); these two fasciae were said to fuse laterally to form the lateroconal fascia. Understanding of the structure of the renal fascia has subsequently evolved.

Connective tissue
Connective tissue is biological tissue that is found in between other tissues in the body. Most types of connective tissue consists of three main components: elastic and collagen fibers, ground substance, and cells.

It is one of the four primary types of animal tissue along with epithelial tissue, muscle tissue, and nervous tissue. It develops mostly from the mesenchyme, derived from the mesoderm, the middle embryonic germ layer.

The three meninges, membranes that envelop the brain and spinal cord, are composed of connective tissue. Blood and lymph are classed as specialized fluid connective tissues that do not contain fiber. All are immersed in the body water. The cells of connective tissue include fibroblasts, adipocytes, macrophages, mast cells and leukocytes.

The term "connective tissue" (in German, Bindegewebe) was introduced in 1830 by Johannes Peter Müller. The tissue was already recognized as a distinct class in the 18th century.
Melo Dominguez
Melquiades Dominguez (born October 14, 1978) is an American  muralist, painter, visual artist, feminist, and activist, who has lived in the city of South Tucson, Arizona since 2007. Melquiades is married to Melissa Brown Dominguez. Melquiades and Melissa are co-owners of Galeria Mitolera located in the City of Tucson.

South Tucson, Arizona
South Tucson is a city in Pima County, Arizona, United States and an enclave of the much larger city of Tucson. South Tucson is known for being heavily influenced by Hispanic, and especially Mexican, culture; restaurants and shops which sell traditional Mexican food and other goods can be found throughout the city. According to the 2020 census, the population of the city is 4,613.
History of Perth, Western Australia
Perth is the capital city of Western Australia. It was established by Britain as the Swan River Colony in 1829. The area had been explored by Europeans as early as 1697, and occupied by the Indigenous Whadjuk Noongar people for millennia.

Perth was established by Captain James Stirling in 1829 as the administrative centre of the Swan River Colony. It gained city status (currently vested in the smaller City of Perth) in 1856 and was promoted to the status of a Lord Mayorality in 1929. The city inherited its name due to the influence of Sir George Murray, then Member of Parliament for Perthshire and Secretary of State for War and the Colonies.

Perth has been shaped by successive periods of mineral resource-led economic expansion and population growth commencing with the gold rush of the 1890s. Since at least 1966 Perth's growth rate has been continuously higher than the national average.

Secretary of State for War and the Colonies
The Secretary of State for War and the Colonies was a British cabinet-level position responsible for the army and the British colonies (other than India). The Secretary was supported by an Under-Secretary of State for War and the Colonies.
Nechí River
Nechí River is a river of northwestern Colombia. It flows into the Cauca River. Nechí River rises in the municipality of Yarumal, and serves as a boundary between the municipalities of Antioquia, Campamento, Angostura, Anorí, Yarumal, Valdivia, Tarazá, Cáceres, Zaragoza, El Bagre, Caucasia and Nechí. Significant gold deposits have been found in the area.

Campamento, Antioquia
Campamento is a town and municipality in the Colombian department of Antioquia. Part of the subregion of Northern Antioquia, it lies at an altitude of 1,700 m (5,600 ft) above sea level. It is a little town, in the middle of the Andes.It borders on the north with the municipalities of Yarumal and Anorí, on the east with Anorí, on the south with the municipality of Angostura, and on the west with Yarumal.

Campamento is known as Cradle of Independence of Antioquia. The name Campamento surely comes from the fact that the area was used as a camp by muleteers traveling between the north and northeast region of Antioquia
Data's Day
"Data's Day" is the 85th episode of the American science fiction television series Star Trek: The Next Generation, the 11th episode of the fourth season. This episode introduces both Keiko O'Brien and Data's pet cat, Spot.

Set in the 24th century, the series follows the adventures of the Starfleet crew of the Federation starship Enterprise-D. In this episode, as Data contemplates the impending marriage of his friend Keiko Ishikawa to Transporter Chief Miles O'Brien, he learns about the peculiar minutiae – such as last-minute jitters and ballroom dancing – that surround human nuptials. At the same time, he investigates the apparent death of the Vulcan ambassador whom the Enterprise was ferrying to the Neutral Zone in order to conduct treaty negotiations with the Romulans.

Starfleet
Starfleet is a fictional organization in the Star Trek media franchise. Within this fictional universe, Starfleet is a uniformed space force maintained by the United Federation of Planets (often called "the Federation" in the franchise) as the principal means for conducting deep space exploration, research, defense, peacekeeping, and diplomacy (although Starfleet predates the Federation, having originally been an Earth organization, as shown by the television series Star Trek: Enterprise). While most of Starfleet's members are human and it has been headquartered on Earth, hundreds of other species are also represented. Most of the franchise's protagonists are Starfleet commissioned officers.
Siniva Marsters
Siniva Marsters (born 7 October 1980) is a former Cook Islander female athlete who competed in discus throw, hammer throw and shot put.

Marsters was educated at Tereora College, and subsequently trained in New Zealand, Australia, and Europe. She first represented the Cook Islands internationally at the Coca Cola Games in Fiji in 1994. Since 2000 she has worked for the Cook Islands Sports and National Olympic Committee. In 2018 she became acting secretary-general following the dismissal of Robert Graham. In 2019 she moved to Suva, Fiji for a position with the Oceania National Olympic Committees.

Hammer throw
The hammer throw (Abbreviated as HT) is one of the four throwing events in regular outdoor track-and-field competitions, along with the discus throw, shot put and javelin.

The hammer used in this sport is not like any of the tools also called by that name. It consists of a metal ball attached by a steel wire to a grip. These three components are each separate and can move independently. Both the size and weight of the ball vary between men's and women's events. The men's hammer weighs 7.26 kilograms (16 lb) for college and professional meets; the women's hammer weighs 4 kilograms (8.8 lb).
Lates longispinis
Lates longispinis, also known as the Rudolf lates or Turkana perch, is a species of latid fish that is endemic to Lake Turkana (formerly known as Lake Rudolf) in Kenya and Ethiopia. It grows to 57 centimetres (22 in) in length. Lates longispinis is important to commercial fisheries and is also known as a gamefish. It is not known to exist in the aquarium fish trade.

Little is known about its status, and consequently the IUCN classifies it as Data Deficient, but according to Kenya's fisheries department the numbers are rising.

Game fish
Game fish, sport fish or quarry refer to popular fish species pursued by recreational fishers (typically anglers), and can be freshwater or saltwater fish.  Game fish can be eaten after being caught, preserved as taxidermy (though rare), or released after capture.  Some game fish are also targeted commercially, particularly less bony species such as salmon and tuna.

Specimens of game fish whose measurements (body length and weight) significantly exceed the species' average are sometimes known as trophy fish, as such captures are often presented as bragging rights among fishers.
Peni Ravai
Peni Ravai Kovekalou (born 16 June 1990) is a Fijian rugby union player, who currently plays at hooker and prop for the Flying Fijians and the Reds in Super Rugby. He previously played for Southland in the Mitre 10 Cup in New Zealand, Aurillac in the Pro D2, and Bordeaux Bègles and Clermont Auvergne in the Top 14. He has also played at centre and on the wings.

2016 Mitre 10 Cup
The 2016 Mitre 10 Cup season was the eleventh season of New Zealand's provincial rugby union competition since it turned professional in 2006. The regular season began on August 18, when North Harbour hosted Counties Manukau. It involved the top fourteen rugby unions of New Zealand. For sponsorship reasons, the competition was known as the Mitre 10 Cup and it was the first season under the lead sponsor. The winner of the Championship, North Harbour was promoted to the Premiership, the seventh placed Premiership team, Hawke's Bay was relegated to the Championship.
August 5 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
August 4 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - August 6

All fixed commemorations below are observed on August 18 by Eastern Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For August 5, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on July 23.

Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar
The Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar describes and dictates the rhythm of the life of the Eastern Orthodox Church. Passages of Holy Scripture, saints and events for commemoration are associated with each date, as are many times special rules for fasting or feasting that correspond to the day of the week or time of year in relationship to the major feast days.

There are two types of feasts in the Orthodox Church calendar: fixed and movable. Fixed feasts occur on the same calendar day every year, whereas movable feasts change each year. The moveable feasts are generally relative to Pascha (Easter), and so the cycle of moveable feasts is referred to as the Paschal cycle.
Mount Rosenthal
Mount Rosenthal (80°3′S 83°15′W﻿ / ﻿80.050°S 83.250°W﻿ / -80.050; -83.250) is a prominent mountain, 1,840 m, at the north end of Liberty Hills, in the Heritage Range, Ellsworth Mountains. Named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for Lieutenant Commander Ronald Rosenthal, U.S. Navy, navigator on LC-47 aircraft, who perished in a crash on the Ross Ice Shelf, February 2, 1966.

Liberty Hills (Antarctica)
The Liberty Hills (80°6′S 82°58′W﻿ / ﻿80.100°S 82.967°W﻿ / -80.100; -82.967) are a line of rugged hills and peaks with bare rock eastern slopes, about 10 nautical miles (19 km) long, standing 7 nautical miles (13 km) northwest of the Marble Hills and forming part of the west wall of Horseshoe Valley, in the Heritage Range, Ellsworth Mountains, Antarctica. The Liberty Hills were mapped by the United States Geological Survey from ground surveys and U.S. Navy air photos, 1961–66. The name was applied by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names in association with the name Heritage Range. The remarkable High Nunatak towers east of the Hills.
HD 174179
HD 174179 is a single star in the northern constellation of Lyra. It has a white hue and is dimly visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 6.06. The star is located at a distance of approximately 1,280 light years from the Sun based on parallax, but is drifting closer with a radial velocity of −15 km/s.

The star is an estimated 33 million years old with a low projected rotational velocity of 5 km/s. It has 6.6 times the mass of the Sun and is radiating 2,036 times the Sun's luminosity from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 17,900 K.

HD 174179 is a Be star, showing Balmer emission lines in its spectrum at times.  It has a stellar classification of B3IVp, with 'p' indicating spectral features of a shell star. A 1976 study found no emission features, but the star was reported to show emission lines again in later studies.

Stellar rotation
Stellar rotation is the angular motion of a star about its axis. The rate of rotation can be measured from the spectrum of the star, or by timing the movements of active features on the surface.

The rotation of a star produces an equatorial bulge due to centrifugal force. As stars are not solid bodies, they can also undergo differential rotation. Thus the equator of the star can rotate at a different angular velocity than the higher latitudes. These differences in the rate of rotation within a star may have a significant role in the generation of a stellar magnetic field.

In its turn, the magnetic field of a star interacts with the stellar wind. As the wind moves away from the star its angular speed decreases. The magnetic field of the star interacts with the wind, which applies a drag to the stellar rotation. As a result, angular momentum is transferred from the star to the wind, and over time this gradually slows the star's rate of rotation.
Jean Louis Marie Poiret
Jean Louis Marie Poiret (11 June 1755 in Saint-Quentin – 7 April 1834 in Paris) was a French clergyman, botanist, and explorer.

From 1785 to 1786, he was sent by Louis XVI to Algeria to study the flora.  After the French Revolution, he became a professor of natural history at the Écoles Centrale of Aisne.

The genus Poiretia of the legume family Fabaceae was named after him in 1807 by Étienne Pierre Ventenat.
The standard author abbreviation Poir. is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.

Aisne
Aisne (/eɪn/ ayn, US also /ɛn/ en; French: [ɛːn] ⓘ; Picard: Ainne) is a French department in the Hauts-de-France region of northern France. It is named after the river Aisne. In 2020, it had a population of 529,374.
Father and Son (1929 American film)
Father and Son is a 1929 American  sound part-talkie pre-Code drama film directed by Erle C. Kenton from a story by Elmer Harris.  In addition to sequences with audible dialogue or talking sequences, the film features a synchronized musical score and sound effects along with English intertitles. The sound was recorded via the Western Electric sound-on-film process. The film was produced by Harry Cohn for Columbia Pictures.

Sound-on-film
Sound-on-film is a class of sound film processes where the sound accompanying a picture is recorded on photographic film, usually, but not always, the same strip of film carrying the picture.  Sound-on-film processes can either record an analog sound track or digital sound track, and may record the signal either optically or magnetically. Earlier technologies were sound-on-disc, meaning the film's soundtrack would be on a separate phonograph record.