hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Xiyanping
Xiyanping (喜炎平) is an anti-inflammatory and antiviral preparation developed and licensed for use in China. It is a semi-synthetic injectable product derived from the active component of the plant Andrographis paniculata (Chuan Xin Lian, 穿心蓮), which is used in Traditional Chinese medicine. Xiyanping is primarily composed of 9-dehydro-17-hydro-andrographolide and sodium 9-dehydro-17-hydro-andrographolide-19-yl sulfate. It is used mainly in the treatment of hand, foot and mouth disease, diarrhea, upper respiratory tract infections and viral pneumonia, though one case report suggested it may also be useful in the treatment of Zika fever.

Upper respiratory tract infection
An upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) is an illness caused by an acute infection, which involves the upper respiratory tract, including the nose, sinuses, pharynx, larynx or trachea. This commonly includes nasal obstruction, sore throat, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis, sinusitis, otitis media, and the common cold.: 28  Most infections are viral in nature, and in other instances, the cause is bacterial. URTIs can also be fungal or helminthic in origin, but these are less common.: 443–445
S-carboxymethylcysteine synthase
The enzyme S-carboxymethylcysteine synthase (EC 4.5.1.5) catalyzes the reaction

3-chloro-L-alanine + thioglycolate  S-carboxymethyl-L-cysteine + chloride

This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically the class of carbon-halide lyases.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is 3-chloro-L-alanine chloride-lyase (adding thioglycolate; S-carboxymethyl-L-cysteine-forming). This enzyme is also called S-carboxymethyl-L-cysteine synthase.  It employs one cofactor, pyridoxal phosphate.

Lyase
In biochemistry, a lyase is an enzyme that catalyzes the breaking (an elimination reaction) of various chemical bonds by means other than hydrolysis (a substitution reaction) and oxidation, often forming a new double bond or a new ring structure. The reverse reaction is also possible (called a Michael reaction). For example, an enzyme that catalyzed this reaction would be a lyase:

ATP → cAMP + PPi

Lyases differ from other enzymes in that they require only one substrate for the reaction in one direction, but two substrates for the reverse reaction.
Snorrebroens Pakhus
The Snorrebroens Pakhus, located at Overgaden Neden Vandet 45–47, is a former warehouse overlooking Christianshavn Canal in the Christianshavn neighbourhood of Copenhagen, Denmark. It consists of what was originally two individual but almost identical warehouses from circa 1800 which were merged into one building in the 1860s and has now been converted into apartments. The name, which is of modern origins, refers to Snorrebroen, the bridge that carries nearby Sankt Annæ Gade across the canal.

Christianshavns Kanal
Christianshavns Kanal (English: Christianshavn Canal) is a canal in the Christianshavn neighbourhood of Copenhagen, Denmark. Running northeast–southwest, it bisects the neighbourhood along its length. To the north it connects to Trangraven, the canal which separates Christianshavn from Holmen; to the south it makes an angular break and empties in the main harbour a little north of the Langebro bridge. At the middle, Christianshavns Kanal is crossed by Børnehusbroen. This bridge is part of Torvegade, the main thoroughfare of Christianshavn, connecting the city centre across Knippelsbro to the northwest to Amager the southeast. The only other bridge traversing the canal is Snorrebroen, located further north.

Christianshavns Kanal is noted for its bustling sailing community with numerous house- and sailboats, particularly in the northern half of the canal.
Édouard Yves
Édouard Émile Gustave Yves (26 October 1907 – 12 July 1999) was a Belgian Olympic foil and sabre fencer. He won a bronze medal in the team foil event at the 1948 Summer Olympics.

In total, he had 3 Olymipic Appearances, the very first one being in the 1928 Amsterdam Olympics.

Yves died in Uccle, Belgium on 12 July 1999, at the age of 91.

Uccle
Uccle (French, pronounced [ykl(ə)] ⓘ) or Ukkel (Dutch, pronounced [ˈʏkəl] ⓘ) is one of the 19 municipalities of the Brussels-Capital Region, Belgium. Located in the southern part of the region, it is bordered by the City of Brussels, Forest, Ixelles, and Watermael-Boitsfort, as well as the Flemish municipalities of Drogenbos, Linkebeek and Sint-Genesius-Rode. In common with all of Brussels' municipalities, it is legally bilingual (French–Dutch).

As of 1 January 2022, the municipality had a population of 85,099 inhabitants. The total area is 22.87 km2 (8.83 sq mi), which gives a population density of 3,720/km2 (9,600/sq mi), half the average of Brussels. It is generally considered an affluent area of the region, and is particularly noted for its community of French immigrants.
Ceylinco Insurance
Ceylinco Holdings PLC is the largest private sector insurance company in Sri Lanka. The company is also engaged in the education and renewable energy sectors. The company offers both life insurance and all classes of general insurance. The company was incorporated in 1987 when the government ended its state monopoly over the insurance sector and the company was listed on the Colombo Stock Exchange the following year. Ceylinco Insurance is an LMD 100 company, an annual list of public companies in Sri Lanka by revenue and ranked 23rd in the 2020/21 edition.

Colombo Stock Exchange
The Colombo Stock Exchange (CSE) (Sinhala: කොළඹ ව්‍යාපාර වස්තු හුවමාරුව, romanized: Kolamba Vyapara Vasthu Huvamaruva; Tamil: கொழும்பு பங்கு பரிவர்த்தனை) is the main stock exchange in Sri Lanka that utilizes an electronic trading platform. The CSE headquarters have been located at the World Trade Center (Colombo) Towers in Colombo since 1995, and it has regional branches in Kandy, Jaffna, Negombo, Matara, Kurunegala, Anuradhapura and Ratnapura. The CSE trades 296 companies representing 20 business sectors, as of 25 January 2021, with a combined market capitalization of 3,699 billion Sri Lankan rupees.

On 1 September 2021, turnover surpassed 14 billion and the All Share Price Index (ASPI) surpassed 9000 points for the first time when it closed at a record high of 9,163.13 points.
Malcolm Braly
Malcolm Braly (July 25, 1925 – April 7, 1980) was an American author born in Portland, Oregon. He spent much of his life in and out of various prisons, including Folsom Prison and San Quentin, before earning recognition as an author after his final release from prison in 1965.

His most acclaimed novel, On the Yard, was first published in 1967, and adapted to film in 1979.  His other books include Felony Tank (1961); Shake Him Till He Rattles (1963); It's Cold Out There (1966); his memoir, False Starts: A Memoir of San Quentin and Other Prisons (1976); and his final novel, The Protector (1979).

Braly died of injuries sustained from a traffic accident in Baltimore, Maryland, at 54.

On the Yard was republished by New York Review Books in 2002. His other books have been reissued by Stark House Press.

Folsom State Prison
Folsom California State Prison is a California State Prison in Folsom, California, United States, approximately 20 miles (32 km) northeast of the state capital of Sacramento. It is one of 34 adult institutions operated by the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation.

Opened in 1880, Folsom is the state's second-oldest prison, after San Quentin, and the first in the United States to have electricity. Folsom was also one of the first maximum security prisons. It has been the execution site of 93 condemned prisoners.

Musician Johnny Cash put on two live performances at the prison on January 13, 1968. These were recorded and released as a live album titled At Folsom Prison. He had written and recorded the song "Folsom Prison Blues" more than a decade earlier.
UD Maracena
Unión Deportiva Maracena is a Spanish football team based in Maracena, in the autonomous community of Andalusia. Founded in 1945, it currently plays in División de Honor – Group 2, holding home matches at Ciudad Deportiva de Maracena, with a 2,000-seat capacity.

Divisiones Regionales de Fútbol in Andalusia
The Divisiones Regionales de Fútbol in the Community of Andalusia, are organized by the Federación Andaluza de Fútbol:

División de Honor (Level 6 of the Spanish football pyramid)

Primera Andaluza (Level 7)

Segunda Andaluza (Level 8)

Tercera Andaluza (Level 9)
Emiliano González (footballer)
Emiliano González Arqués (born 20 September 1969) is a retired footballer who played as a striker. Born and raised in Spain, he moved to Andorra at 21, when he was signed by FC Andorra, and ultimately became a naturalised citizen of Andorra and represented the Andorra national team. He earned 37 international caps between 1998 and 2003.

Andorra national football team
The Andorra national football team (Catalan: Selecció de futbol d'Andorra) represents Andorra in men's international football and is controlled by the Andorran Football Federation, the governing body for football in Andorra. The team has enjoyed very little success due to the Principality's tiny population, the fifth smallest of any UEFA country (only Liechtenstein, San Marino, Gibraltar and the Faroe Islands are smaller).

Andorra's first official game was a 6–1 defeat in a friendly match to Estonia in 1996. Since the qualifying rounds for the UEFA Euro 2000 tournament, Andorra have competed in qualifying for every European Championship and FIFA World Cup but have had very little success. They have only won fourteen matches since becoming recognised by FIFA in 1996.
Marcelino García (cyclist)
Marcelino García Alonso (born 1971 in Oviedo, Asturias) is a Spanish former professional road cyclist. He rode for the Danish professional cycling team, CSC–Tiscali, which he joined coming from Spanish Team ONCE. He rode for the Danish team until 2002, where he went to another Spanish team, Labarca 2–Cafés Baqué. Since retiring, he works as a Tour Guide during the Grand Tours in the summer months throughout Europe.

Oviedo
Oviedo (Spanish: [oˈβjeðo] ⓘ) or Uviéu (Asturian: [uˈβjew]) is the capital city of the Principality of Asturias in northern Spain and the administrative and commercial centre of the region. With a population of 220,027, it is also the 2nd-largest city in Asturias.

Oviedo is located approximately 24 km (15 mi) southwest of Gijón and 23 km (14 mi) southeast of Avilés, both of which lie on the shoreline of the Bay of Biscay. Oviedo's proximity to the ocean of less than 30 kilometres (19 mi) in combination with its elevated position with areas of the city more than 300 metres above sea level causes the city to have a maritime climate, even though it does not sit directly on the shore.
Jean-Baptiste Voboam
Jean-Baptiste Voboam (1634/46–1692) was a French luthier known for making elaborately embellished baroque guitars. Voboam came from a family of luthiers who were active in Paris from 1640 until 1740. Tortoise and mother of pearl would be used for decorative oval motifs called godron. The soundboard, fingerboard, pegbox and other parts of Voboam instruments were edged with ivory and ebony diagonal inlays called pistogne.

A painting by Guillaume Voiriot called Monsieur Aublet in Fancy Dress Playing the Guitar depicts a man playing a guitar very similar in appearance to one in the collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art that has been attributed to Voboam on the basis on an engraved inscription on the instrument.

The National Museum of American History has a six course guitar made by Voboam in 1730. Based on the size of the guitar it may have originally been a 4 course guitar. Made of spruce with rosewood veneer, the rosewood sides are inlaid with ebony and ivory.

National Museum of American History
The National Museum of American History: Kenneth E. Behring  Center is a historical museum in Washington, D.C. It collects, preserves, and displays the heritage of the United States in the areas of social, political, cultural, scientific, and military history. Among the items on display is the original Star-Spangled Banner. The museum is part of the Smithsonian Institution and located on the National Mall at 14th Street and Constitution Avenue NW in Washington, D.C.

In 2023, the museum received 2.1 million visitors, ranking the eighth-most visited museum in the U.S.
1987 Tel Aviv Open
The 1987 Tel Aviv Open was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts that was part of the 1987 Nabisco Grand Prix. It was played at the Israel Tennis Centers in the Tel Aviv District city of Ramat HaSharon, Israel from October 12 through October 19, 1987. Third-seeded Amos Mansdorf  won the singles title.

Tel Aviv District
The Tel Aviv District (Hebrew: מחוז תל אביב; Arabic: منطقة تل أبيب) is one of the six administrative districts of Israel, with a population of 1.35 million residents. Despite being geographically smallest, it is the most densely populated district of Israel. It is 98.9% Jewish and 1.10% Arab (0.7% Muslim, 0.4% Christian).

The district's capital is Tel Aviv, one of the two largest cities in Israel and the country's economic, business and technological capital. The metropolitan area created by the Tel Aviv district and its neighboring cities is locally named Gush Dan.

It is the only one of the six districts not adjacent to either the West Bank or an international border, being surrounded on the north, east, and south by the Central District and on the west by the Mediterranean Sea. The population density of the Tel Aviv district is 7,259/km2.
Claude-François Lysarde de Radonvilliers
Claude-François Lizarde de Radonvilliers (1709, Decize, Nièvre – 20 April 1789) was a French churchman and teacher.

In 1763, Lizarde de Radonvilliers was elected to the Académie française. From 1770 until his death, he was commendatory abbot of Villeneuve Abbey near Nantes, then in Brittany.

Commendatory abbot
A commendatory abbot (Latin: abbas commendatarius) is an ecclesiastic, or sometimes a layman, who holds an abbey in commendam, drawing its revenues but not exercising any authority over its inner monastic discipline. If a commendatory abbot is an ecclesiastic, however, he may have limited jurisdiction.

Originally only vacant abbeys, or those that were temporarily without an actual superior, were given in commendam, in the latter case only until an actual superior was elected or appointed. An abbey is held in commendam, i.e. provisorily, in distinction to one held in titulum, which is a permanent benefice.
Laurie Knight
Lawrence Alfred George Knight (16 July 1901 – 24 December 1973) was a New Zealand rugby union player. He was educated at Ellerslie Primary and then Auckland Grammar School. A loose forward, Knight represented and captained Auckland at a provincial level, making his debut as a 19-year-old. Knight was a member of the New Zealand national side, the All Blacks, in 1925. He played five matches for the All Blacks but did not appear in any tests. He died in Auckland in 1973, four months before his son Lawrie Knight was named in the 1974 All Blacks, and his ashes were buried at Purewa Cemetery.

Knight's younger brother, Arthur, was also an All Black. His cousin, Orton Wallace "Wally" Knight, was an Auckland, Manawatu and Canterbury representative and also played for England Services during World War II.

Auckland Rugby Union
The Auckland Rugby Union is a New Zealand provincial rugby union. The union was established in 1883 and was originally responsible for the administration of the sport in most of the former Auckland Province, although its boundaries have since shrunk to include only a portion of the Auckland urban area. The union governs the Auckland representative team, which has won New Zealand's first-tier domestic provincial competition 17 times, more than any other team. Their most recent title was the 2018 Mitre 10 Cup Premiership. The union administers all club rugby within its boundaries, including the Gallaher Shield and other senior club rugby, as well as school rugby. Auckland also acts as a primary feeder to the Blues, who play in the Super Rugby competition.
Luis Rivera (gymnast)
Luis Ramon Rivera Rivera (born September 4, 1986 in Humacao) is a Puerto Rican gymnast. Rivera had won a total of three medals at the 2007 Pan American Games in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, including two golds for the team all-around and pommel horse. He competed at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, where he finished fourteenth in the men's individual all-around final, with a total technical score of 90.175. He is also affiliated with Federacion Puertorriqueña de Gimnasia (Puerto Rican Federation of Gymnastics), and is coached and trained by Jose and Juan R. Colon.

Gymnastics at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Men's artistic individual all-around
The men's artistic individual all-around competition at the 2008 Summer Olympics was held at the Beijing National Indoor Stadium on August 9 and 14. There were 98 competitors from 35 nations. The event was won by Yang Wei of China, the nation's first victory in the event since 1996 and second overall. Yang, who had earned silver in 2000, was the 13th man to receive multiple medals in the individual all-around (and the first to do so in non-consecutive Games). Japan's Kōhei Uchimura took silver; it was the first medal in the event for Japan since 1984, the last of a four-decade stretch where the nation reached the podium every time it competed (7 of 8 Games from 1956 to 1984, with Japan boycotting the 1980 Games). Benoît Caranobe of France took bronze, the first men's all-around medal for that nation since 1920.
Hydnophytum ferrugineum
Hydnophytum ferrugineum is a epiphyte species of myrmecophytes native to the Cape York Peninsula, Queensland, Australia. It forms a mutualistic relationship with ants on tree branches in the tropics. It is distinctive due to the presence of rust-colored hairs covering the bracts near the inflorescences. H. ferrugineum was first described by Paul Irwin Forster in 2001, given its specific epithet ferrugineum due to the rust-colored hairs located on the bracts.

Paul Irwin Forster
Paul Irwin Forster (born 1961) is an Australian botanist.  He obtained his doctorate from the University of Queensland in 2004 with his thesis The pursuit of plants : studies on the systematics, ecology and chemistry of the vascular flora of Australia and related regions.

He has worked at the Queensland Herbarium since 1991 as a plant taxonomist and has been editor of Austrobaileya  since 2005. His research interests are the systematics of vascular plants and reproductive and conservation biology of cycads.

He has also published extensively on plant-insect interactions ( See, e.g.,) and on the family Apocynaceae.
Purwell Ninesprings
Purwell Ninesprings is a 6.4-hectare (16-acre) nature reserve managed by the Herts and Middlesex Wildlife Trust on the edge of  Hitchin, Hertfordshire, England.

The reserve is in the flood-plain of the River Purwell.
It has open water with water voles and birds such as moorhens, mallards and teals. Other birds include snipe and siskins. The wet ground has plants such as tussock sedge, yellow iris and water forget-me-nots.

European water vole
The European water vole (Arvicola amphibius) or northern water vole is a semi-aquatic rodent. It is often informally called the water rat, though it only superficially resembles a true rat. Water voles have rounder noses than rats, deep brown fur, chubby faces and short fuzzy ears; unlike rats their tails, paws and ears are covered with hair.

In the wild, on average, water voles only live about five months. Maximum longevity in captivity is two and a half years.
Berghausen
Berghausen is the name of several communes:

Berghausen, Austria, a municipality in Styria, Austria

Berghausen, Rhineland-Palatinate - a municipality in the Verbandsgemeinde Katzenelnbogen, district Rhein-Lahn, Germany

a borough of Königswinter, North Rhine-Westphalia

a part of the municipality Pfinztal

Berghausen (Bad Berleburg), a former village now part of the town Bad Berleburg, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany

Berghausen (Römerberg), a district of Römerberg, Rhineland-Palatinate

Berghausen (Schmallenberg), a locality in the municipality Schmallenberg, district Hochsauerlandkreis, Germany

Berghausen (Schmallenberg)
Berghausen is a locality in the municipality Schmallenberg in the district Hochsauerlandkreis in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

The village has 221 inhabitants and lies in the north of the municipality of Schmallenberg at a height of around 394 m. In the village centre the Kreisstraße 25 meets the Kreisstraße 32.

Berghausen borders on the villages of Ebbinghof, Wormbach, Oberberndorf, Niederberndorf and Heiminghausen. The St. Cyriakus Church in the village center was built around 1220.

The village used to belong to the municipality of Berghausen in Amt Schmallenberg until the end of 1974.
Newcastle Sixth Form College
Newcastle Sixth Form College is a sixth-form college in Newcastle upon Tyne, England. Opened in March 2014, the college forms part of the larger organisation Newcastle College. It offers around 26 different A-Level subjects, as well as an access to A-Levels and GCSEs programme.

The college is located on Westmorland Road, in Newcastle City Centre. Owing to its close proximity to both Central Station Metro station and Newcastle Central Station, the college attracts students from across Tyneside and surrounding regions including Northumberland and Sunderland.

The college is also a member of NCG group alongside the neighbouring Newcastle college and five other colleges across the UK.

Central Station Metro station
Central Station (also known as Central) is an underground Tyne and Wear Metro station, serving the Grainger Town area of the city of Newcastle upon Tyne in Tyne and Wear, England. It joined the network on 15 November 1981, following the opening of the third phase of the network, between Haymarket and Heworth. The station is named after Newcastle Central railway station, which stands directly above it.
Muhammad Idrees
Muhammad Idrees (Urdu: محمد ادریس) is a Pakistani politician from Nowshera District, who had been a member of the Provincial Assembly of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa from May 2013 to May 2018 and from August 2018 to January 2023, belonging to the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf. He also served as the chairman and a member of different committees. On 8 February 2024, he contest in general election 2024 as an independent candidate for member of provinvincial assembly and was re-elected for the third time from PK-86 constituency of district nowshera.

Nowshera District
Nowshera District (Pashto: نوښار ولسوالۍ‎, Urdu: ضلع نوشہرہ) is a district in the Peshawar Division of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. The capital and district headquarter is Nowshera city.
1840 Fiji expedition
The Fiji Expedition of 1840 was an exploring and surveying expedition, which itself was a part of the wider United States Exploring Expedition (a.k.a. the Wilkes expedition or the U.S. Ex. Ex.) that occurred from May 4 to August 11, 1840.: 187, 212  It produced several scientific and cultural breakthroughs in realms such as cartography, oceanography, volcanology, anthropology, ethnography, ethnology, philology, linguistics, geology, taxonomy, trade, diplomacy, toponymy, epidemiology, pathology and Christian missionary work. It also was known for two separate punitive expeditions against separate groups of Fijians.: 45–364 : 186–216 : 189–233

Volcanology
Volcanology (also spelled vulcanology) is the study of volcanoes, lava, magma and related geological, geophysical and geochemical phenomena (volcanism).   The term volcanology is derived from the Latin word vulcan.  Vulcan was the ancient Roman god of fire.

A volcanologist is a geologist who studies the eruptive activity and formation of volcanoes and their current and historic eruptions. Volcanologists frequently visit volcanoes, especially active ones, to observe volcanic eruptions, collect eruptive products including tephra (such as ash or pumice), rock and lava samples. One major focus of enquiry is the prediction of eruptions; there is currently no accurate way to do this, but predicting or forecasting eruptions, like predicting earthquakes, could save many lives.