hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Type system of the Royal Navy
The Type system is a classification system used by the British Royal Navy to classify surface escorts by function. The system evolved in the early 1950s, when the Royal Navy was experimenting with building single-purpose escort vessels with specific roles in light of experience gained in World War II. The original (July 1950) numbering scheme was:

Type 1X were Anti-Submarine (ASW) frigates (when the numbers ran out in the 1960s, ASW frigates continued as the Type 2X series).

Type 3X were General-Purpose (GP) frigates (Chosen 2015)
Type 4X were Anti-Aircraft (AAW) frigates (this later evolved into the "Destroyer" Type series).
Type 6X were Aircraft-Direction (ADW) frigates.
Type 8X were multi-role ships. An Admiralty Fleet Order defined these ships as "destroyers" if they could achieve "fleet speed" or as "sloops" if they could not.

Tribal-class frigate
The Type 81, or Tribal class, frigates were ordered and built as sloops to carry out similar duties to the immediate post-war improved Black Swan-class sloops and Loch-class frigates in the Persian Gulf. In the mid-1960s, the seven Tribals were reclassified as second-class general-purpose frigates to maintain frigate numbers. After the British withdrawal from East of Suez in 1971, the Tribals operated in the NATO North Atlantic sphere with the only update being the fitting of Seacat missiles to all by 1977, limited by their single propeller and low speed of 24 knots. In 1979–80, age and crew and fuel shortages saw them transferred to the stand-by squadrons; three were reactivated in 1982 during the Falklands War for training and guardship duties in the West Indies.
William Lee (ship)
At least two vessels have been named William Lee:

William Lee (1831 ship)  was launched in 1831 in Hull as a whaler in the British northern whale fishery. She made six whaling voyages. In 1833, she participated in the rescue of the explorer John Ross, and his crew. After the collapse of the whale fishery, her owners sold her in 1836. Under new ownership, she traded more widely, to Russia, Calcutta, and North America. She was wrecked in December 1847.

William Lee (1836 ship) was a bark of 311 tons (bm), built as a whaler in 1836. She is mentioned in Melville's poem as the Lee. She ended up being sunk in the Stone fleet.

William Lee (1831 ship)
William Lee was launched in 1831 in Hull as a whaler in the British northern whale fishery. She made six whaling voyages. In 1833, she participated in the rescue of the explorer John Ross, and his crew. After the collapse of the whale fishery, her owners sold her in 1836. Under new ownership, she traded more widely, to Russia, Calcutta, and North America. She was wrecked in December 1847.
Joe McKenna
Joe McKenna (born 10 June 1951 in Shinrone, County Offaly) is an Irish former hurler who played for his local club Shinrone in Offaly and later at senior level for the Offaly county team, before transferring to South Liberties and playing at senior level for the Limerick county team. From 1970 to 1973 he represented Offaly, playing two championship and 18 league matches. From 1974 until 1985 he played for Limerick.

McKenna later served as manager of the Limerick senior county team. He operates a business, selling tools, machinery and DIY equipment in Limerick city.

Shinrone
Shinrone (Irish: Suí an Róin, meaning 'Róin's seat/retreat') is a village in County Offaly, Ireland. It is in the southernmost part of the county, situated very close to the border with County Tipperary. It lies at the junction of the R491 regional road between Nenagh and Roscrea with the R492 to Sharavogue. At the 2016 census, the village population was 645. The village is in a townland and civil parish of the same name.
City Burials
City Burials is the eleventh studio album by Swedish heavy metal band Katatonia. The album continues the progressive rock direction used in recent albums while returning to some of their earlier metal instrumentation. Three singles were released in promotion of the album; "Lacquer", "Behind the Blood", and "The Winter of Our Passing".

Jonas Renkse
Jonas Petter Renkse (born 19 May 1975) is a Swedish musician in the bands Katatonia (1991–) as lead vocalist, founder, songwriter (1991–1994, 1997–) and formerly as drummer (1991–1994, 1996–1998); formerly in Bloodbath (1998–2023) as bassist, founder, songwriter; and in Wisdom of Crowds (2013–) as co-vocalist.

He was also the founding member, drummer, vocalist, guitarist & songwriter of the band October Tide.
Radisson Blu Edwardian Vanderbilt Hotel
Radisson Blu Edwardian Vanderbilt Hotel is a boutique hotel at 68–86 Cromwell Road in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea, central London. The hotel, located in a Grade II listed terrace of white stucco townhouses, contains 215 rooms and is part of the Radisson Blu Edwardian chain. The Scoff & Banter Kensington restaurant is situated on the ground floor.

Townhouse
A townhouse, townhome, town house, or town home is a type of terraced housing. A modern townhouse is often one with multiple floors on a small footprint. In older British usage, the term originally referred to any type of city residence (normally in London) of someone whose main or largest residence was a country house.
Suicide of Rehtaeh Parsons
Rehtaeh Anne Parsons (/rəˈteɪə/, rə-TAY-ə; December 9, 1995 – April 7, 2013), was a 17-year-old Cole Harbour District High School student who attempted suicide by hanging at her home in Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada, on April 4, 2013, leading to a coma and the decision to switch her life support machine off on April 7, 2013. Her death has been attributed to online distribution of photos of an alleged gang rape that occurred 17 months prior to her suicide, in November 2011. On a Facebook page set up in tribute to her daughter, Parsons' mother blamed the four boys who allegedly raped and released images of her, the subsequent constant "bullying and messaging and harassment", and the failure of the Canadian justice system, for her daughter's decision to die by suicide.

In response to Parsons' suicide, Nova Scotia enacted a law in August 2013 allowing victims to seek protection from cyberbullying and to sue the perpetrator.

Cyberbullying
Cyberbullying (cyberharassment or online bullying/harassment) is a form of bullying or harassment using electronic means. Since the 2000s, it has become increasingly common, especially among teenagers and adolescents, due to young people's increased use of social media. Related issues include online/internet harassment and trolling. In 2015, according to cyberbullying statistics from the i-Safe Foundation, over half of adolescents and teens had been bullied online, and about the same number had engaged in cyberbullying. Both the bully and the victim are negatively affected, and the intensity, duration, and frequency of bullying are three aspects that increase the negative effects on both of them.
Aillwee Cave
Aillwee Cave (Irish: Aill Bhuí) is a cave system in the karst landscape of the Burren in County Clare, Ireland. The name Aillwee is derived from the Irish Aill Bhuí which means "yellow cliff".  Privately owned, it forms part of the Aillwee Cave and Birds of Prey Centre attraction.

County Clare
County Clare (Irish: Contae an Chláir) is a county in the province of Munster in the  Southern part of Ireland, bordered on the west by the Atlantic Ocean. Clare County Council is the local authority. The county had a population of 127,938 at the 2022 census. The county seat and largest settlement is Ennis.
Pre-algebra
Pre-algebra is a common name for a course taught in middle school mathematics in the United States, usually taught in the 6th, 7th, 8th, or 9th grade. The main objective of it is to prepare students for the study of algebra. Usually, Algebra I is taught in the 8th or 9th grade.

As an intermediate stage after arithmetic, pre-algebra helps students pass specific conceptual barriers. Students are introduced to the idea that an equals sign, rather than just being the answer to a question as in basic arithmetic, means that two sides are equivalent and can be manipulated together. They may also learn how numbers, variables, and words can be used in the same ways.

Eighth grade
Eighth grade (also 8th grade or Grade 8) is the eighth year of formal or compulsory education in the United States. The eighth grade is the third or fourth (and typically final) year of middle school. Students in eighth grade are usually 13–14 years old. Different terms and numbers are used in other parts of the world.
Bohlin Cywinski Jackson
Bohlin Cywinski Jackson is a United States–based architectural practice that was founded as Bohlin & Powell in 1965 in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania by Peter Bohlin and Richard Powell. Briefly known as Bohlin Powell Brown, with offices in Wilkes-Barre and Pittsburgh, the firm merged with John F. Larkin and Bernard Cywinski's Philadelphia-based architectural practice, Larkin Cywinski, in 1979. It is recognized for its distinguished portfolio of residential, university, commercial, cultural and government projects.

Seattle City Hall
Seattle City Hall (also known as the Seattle Municipal Building) is the home of the offices of the mayor and city council of Seattle, Washington, located between 4th Avenue and 5th Avenue in the downtown area of the city. Most city departments have their offices in the nearby Seattle Municipal Tower. In 2003, the Seattle city government moved into a new, "green" city hall building. Until 1962, the city government operated from the King County Courthouse, alongside the King County government.  The new City Hall and Plaza, together with the adjacent Seattle Municipal Tower, Seattle Justice Center, and (unbuilt) Civic Square, comprise the Seattle Civic Center.
Martin Wait
Martin Wait (1942–2012) was a British font designer and graphic designer. He was best known for his work for Letraset, which created dry transfer lettering used on advertising and other lettering projects.

Wait was born in Forest Gate in London and attended Lister Community School in Plaistow. Despite having dyslexia, he created custom lettering for advertising, including logos for Tetley's, the Radio Times, Fox's Glacier Mints and Alpen cereal. He later came to design fonts for Letraset and Monotype, often in the script typeface genre.

Lister Community School
Lister Community School is a co-educational secondary school located at St Mary's Road, Plaistow, Newham, London.

The school uses vertical tutoring to integrate the community of students across the range of ages and year groups. It is one of a few schools in Newham that provides specialist British sign language interpreters for students who have hearing impairments.
Kurort Darasun
Kurort Darasun (Russian: Курорт-Дарасун) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Karymsky District of Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia. Population:  3,120 (2010 Census); 3,423 (2002 Census); 5,158 (1989 Soviet census).

Zabaykalsky Krai
Zabaykalsky Krai is a federal subject of Russia (a krai), located in the Russian Far East. Its administrative center is Chita. As of the 2010 Census, the population was 1,107,107.

The krai was created on 1 March 2008, as a result of a merger of Chita Oblast and Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug after a referendum held on the issue on 11 March 2007. In 2018, the krai became part of the Far Eastern Federal District.
Jean-Claude Sandrier
Jean-Claude Sandrier (born 7 August 1945 in Gannat, Allier) is a French politician and former Mayor of Bourges. He is a member of the French Communist Party.

Joining the Communist in the Bourges city council in 1977, Sandrier became mayor of the city in 1989, but was not re-elected in 1995. He was elected member of Parliament for the second constituency of the Cher in the 1997 election, and was re-elected in 2002 and 2007.  He was succeeded in the constituency by Nicolas Sansu, also of the communists. He was a member and  president of the GDR parliamentary group in the 13th Legislature.

Cher (department)
Cher (/ʃɛər/ SHAIR; French: [ʃɛʁ] ⓘ; Berrichon: Char) is a department in central France, part of the Centre-Val de Loire region. Named after the river Cher, its prefecture is Bourges. In 2019, it had a population of 302,306.
Raid On Philipsburg
During the War of 1812, on October 11, 1813, an American expeditionary force entered the Missisquoi Bay of Lake Champlain in Quebec, Canada, intent on raiding the area. Their goal was to stop smuggling goods across the border. They succeeded in defeating a contingent of Canadian militia and raid the town of Philipsburg, Quebec.

Missisquoi Bay
Missisquoi Bay is a large extension in the northern part of Lake Champlain, at the East of the output of the latter in Richelieu River. It takes the form of a violin head, with the neck extending from the head of the lake and is about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) in diameter. The bay is divided between Quebec in Canada and Vermont in the United States. The main town on its banks is Venise-en-Québec, a major summer resort. The river of the same name flows into the bay and the Missisquoi National Wildlife Refuge is located on the American side.
Erik Carlgren
Paul Erik Olofsson Carlgren (born 4 December 1946) is a Swedish retired sprinter. He was part of Swedish teams that placed seventh in the 4 × 400 m relay at the 1972 Olympics and 1971 and 1974 European Championships. At the 1974 European Championships he also finished seventh in the individual 400 m event.

Carlgren finished third behind David Jenkins in the 400 metres event at the British 1973 AAA Championships.

1974 European Athletics Championships – Men's 400 metres
The men's 400 metres at the 1974 European Athletics Championships was held in Rome, Italy, at Stadio Olimpico on 2, 3, and 4 September 1974.

The winning margin was 0.63 seconds which as of 2024 remains the only time the men's 400 metres has been won by more than 0.6 seconds at these championships since the introduction of fully automatic timing, although the winning margin in the 1938 European Athletics Championships was a hand-timed 0.8 seconds.
Iman (model)
Iman Mohamed Abdulmajid (Somali: Iimaan Maxamed Cabdulmajiid; born Zara Mohamed Abdulmajid, 25 July 1955), known mononymously as Iman, is a Somali-American model and actress. A muse of the designers Gianni Versace, Thierry Mugler, Calvin Klein, Donna Karan, and Yves Saint Laurent, she is also noted for her philanthropic work. She was married to athlete Spencer Haywood from 1977 to 1987 and musician David Bowie from 1992 until his death in 2016.

Mononym
A mononym is a name composed of only one word. An individual who is known and addressed by a mononym is a mononymous person.

A mononym may be the person's only name, given to them at birth. This was routine in most ancient societies, and remains common in modern societies such as in Afghanistan, Bhutan, some parts of Indonesia (especially by older Javanese people), Myanmar, Mongolia, Tibet, and South India.

In other cases, a person may select a single name from their polynym or adopt a mononym as a chosen name, pen name, stage name, or regnal name. A popular nickname may effectively become a mononym, in some cases adopted legally. For some historical figures, a mononym is the only name that is still known today.
Paul Revere (song)
"Paul Revere" is a song by American hip-hop group Beastie Boys, released as the third single from their debut album Licensed to Ill (1986). It was written by Adam Horovitz, Joseph Simmons, Darryl McDaniels, and Rick Rubin. It was produced by Rick Rubin and the Beastie Boys. The song tells a fictional story of how the Beastie Boys met.

Adam Horovitz told how the song evolved from an incident when the Beastie Boys were waiting outside a recording studio for Run-D.M.C., when Joseph Simmons ("Run") suddenly came running down the street screaming incoherently. When he reached the Beastie Boys, he said "Here's a little story I got to tell...". After much confusion, Simmons stated "THAT's the song". The band worked on it from there.

Rick Rubin
Frederick Jay Rubin (/ˈruːbɪn/, ROO-bin; born March 10, 1963) is an American record producer. He is a co-founder of Def Jam Recordings, founder of American Recordings, and former co-president of Columbia Records.

Rubin helped popularize hip hop by producing records for pioneering acts such as LL Cool J, the Beastie Boys, Run-DMC, Public Enemy and Geto Boys. He has also produced hit records for acts from a variety of other genres, such as pop (Kesha, Adele, Ed Sheeran, Lady Gaga), heavy metal (Danzig, Metallica, Slayer), alternative rock (The Cult, Red Hot Chili Peppers, Rage Against the Machine, the Strokes, Weezer), hard rock (Audioslave, AC/DC, Aerosmith), nu metal (Linkin Park, System of a Down, Slipknot), and country (Johnny Cash, The Avett Brothers, the Chicks, Tyler Childers, Kid Rock).

In 2007, Rubin was called "the most important producer of the last 20 years" by MTV and was named on Time's 2007 list of the "100 Most Influential People in the World".
Coenyra rufiplaga
Coenyra rufiplaga, the Secucuni shadefly, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found in South Africa, it is widespread in Limpopo from the Waterberg Biosphere and Strydpoortberg to the Wolkberg.

The wingspan is 32–36 mm for males and 34–38 mm for females. Adults are on wing from October to May (with a peak in late summer).

The larvae probably feed on Poaceae species.

Waterberg Biosphere
The Waterberg (Northern Sotho: Thaba Meetse) is a mountainous massif of approximately 654,033 hectare in north Limpopo Province, South Africa.  
The average height of the mountain range is 600 m with a few peaks rising up to 2,000 m above sea level. Vaalwater town is located just north of the mountain range. The extensive rock formation was shaped by hundreds of millions of years of riverine erosion to yield diverse bluff and butte landform. The ecosystem can be characterised as a dry deciduous forest or Bushveld. Within the Waterberg there are archaeological finds dating to the Stone Age, and nearby are early evolutionary finds related to the origin of humans.

Waterberg (Thaba Meetse) is the first region in the northern part of South Africa to be named as a Biosphere Reserve by UNESCO.
John Darby (printer)
John Darby (d. 1704) was an English printer.

He was associated with the Whigs and printed many works by Whig authors. These included Andrew Marvell's An Account of the Growth of Popery and Arbitrary Government in 1677–1678 and during the rest of the Exclusion Crisis he helped keep Whig arguments in circulation. Other notable works that came from his press include Algernon Sidney's Discourses Concerning Government and Edmund Ludlow's Memoirs.

Exclusion Crisis
The Exclusion Crisis ran from 1679 until 1681 in the reign of King Charles II of England, Scotland and Ireland. Three Exclusion Bills sought to exclude the King's brother and heir presumptive, James, Duke of York, from the thrones of England, Scotland and Ireland because he was a Roman Catholic. None became law. Two new parties formed. The Tories were opposed to this exclusion, while the "Country Party", who were soon to be called the Whigs, supported it. While the matter of James's exclusion was not decided in Parliament during Charles's reign, it would come to a head only three years after James took the throne, when he was deposed in the Glorious Revolution of 1688. Finally, the Act of Settlement 1701 decided definitively that Roman Catholics were to be excluded from the English, Scottish, and Irish thrones, later the British throne.
Takumi-kun Series: Niji-iro no Glass
Takumi-kun Series: Niji-iro no Glass (タクミくんシリーズ「虹色の硝子」) is a 2009 Japanese film based on the novel of the same name by Shinobu Gotoh. The film is directed by Kenji Yokoi and stars Kyousuke Hamao as Takumi Hayama and Daisuke Watanabe as Giichi Saki.

Yūta Takahashi
Yūta Takahashi (高橋 優太, Takahashi Yūta; born May 31, 1984) is a Japanese actor, entertainer and model. He is best known for his roles as Sadaharu Inui of the fourth generation Seigaku cast in The Prince of Tennis musical series, Tenimyu, and Shijo Haruki in Hanazakari no Kimitachi e series. He was a Super Junon contestant and winner in 2006. He is represented by MerryGoRound Inc.
Hagon
Hagon is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alf Hagon (born 1931), English motorcycle racer

Garrick Hagon (born 1939), British-Canadian actor

Rex Hagon (born 1947), Canadian actor and television host

Alf Hagon
Alfred Joseph Hagon (born 3 October 1931) is an English former motorcycle speedway rider who later competed in Grasstrack. He manufactured off-road competition frames, forks and other components, later developing into the production of shock absorbers, specialising in modern-replicas of the traditional Girlings used as original equipment and replacements for historic motorcycles.
PVN
PVN can refer to:

An abbreviation for paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus

The Padvinders Vereniging Nederland (Pathfinder Association the Netherlands), one of the Scouting organisations that evolved into the Scouting Nederland

Polyvinyl nitrate

P. V. Narasimha Rao (1921–2004), former Prime Minister of India

Peter van Nieuwenhuizen, Dutch physicist and co-discoverer of supergravity

Petrovietnam national oil corporation of Vietnam

Pirates versus Ninjas

Pazov Vitaliy Nikolaevich

Polyvinyl nitrate
Polyvinyl nitrate (abbreviated: PVN) is a high-energy polymer with the idealized formula of [CH2CH(ONO2)]. Polyvinyl nitrate is a long carbon chain (polymer) with nitrate groups  bonded randomly along the chain. PVN is a white, fibrous solid, and is soluble in polar organic solvents such as acetone. PVN can be prepared by nitrating polyvinyl alcohol with an excess of nitric acid. Because PVN is also a nitrate ester such as nitroglycerin (a common explosive), it exhibits energetic properties and is commonly used in explosives and propellants.
1,2-Bis(dichlorophosphino)benzene
1,2-Bis(dichlorophosphino)benzene is an organophosphorus compound with the formula C6H4(PCl2)2. This viscous colorless liquid is a precursor to chelating diphosphines of the type C6H4(PR2)2.
It is prepared from 1,2-dibromobenzene by sequential lithiation followed by treatment with (Et2N)2PCl (Et = ethyl), which affords C6H4[P(NEt2)2]2. This species is finally cleaved with hydrogen chloride:

C6H4[P(NEt2)2]2 + 8 HCl → C6H4(PCl2)2 + 4 Et2NH2Cl

Organolithium reagent
Organolithium reagents are a collection of organolithium compounds that are widely used in organic synthesis and polymer chemistry. These reagents are used to transfer the organic group or the lithium atom to diverse substrates, usually through nucleophilic addition or simple deprotonation. Organolithium reagents are used in industry as an initiator for anionic polymerization, which leads to the production of various elastomers.
Gomera Socialist Group
The Gomera Socialist Group (Spanish: Agrupación Socialista Gomera, ASG) is a minor political party in Spain operating on the island of La Gomera in the Canary Islands. It was founded in 2015 by Casimiro Curbelo, current president of the Cabildo de La Gomera, after breaking away from the local branch of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE). It is currently in the administration of five of the six municipalities of La Gomera.

La Gomera
La Gomera (Spanish: [la ɣoˈmeɾa] ⓘ) is one of Spain's Canary Islands, in the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Africa. With an area of 370.03 km2 (142.87 sq mi), it is the third-smallest of the archipelago's eight main islands. It belongs to the province of Santa Cruz de Tenerife. La Gomera is the third least populous of the eight main Canary Islands, with 22,361 inhabitants at the start of 2023. Its capital is San Sebastián de La Gomera, where the cabildo insular (island council) is located.