hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Adolph Henke
Adolph Christian Heinrich Henke (13 April 1775 in Braunschweig – 8 August 1843) was a German physician and pharmacologist known for his work in medical forensics. He was father-in-law to anatomist Rudolf Wagner (1805–1864).

Following studies at the Collegium Carolinum in Braunschweig, he continued his education at the University of Helmstedt, where one of his instructors was chemist Lorenz von Crell (1744–1816). Afterwards, he studied medicine with surgeon August Gottlieb Richter (1742–1812) and obstetrician Friedrich Benjamin Osiander (1759–1822) at the University of Göttingen, subsequently receiving his doctorate in 1799 at Helmstedt.

In 1805 he became an associate professor of medicine at the University of Erlangen, where in 1814, he became a professor of physiology, pathology and state pharmacology.

University of Helmstedt
The University of Helmstedt (German: Universität Helmstedt; official Latin name: Academia Julia, "Julius University") was a university in Helmstedt in the Duchy of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel that existed from 1576 until 1810.
Chris Penny (rower)
Christopher Gore Penny (born May 4, 1962) is an American former competitive rower and Olympic silver medalist.  He was a member of the American men's eights team that won the silver medal at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, California.

A 1985 graduate of Princeton University, Penny studied at St John's College, Oxford, and took part in The Boat Race in 1988 after being left off the squad in 1987 when he, three other American oarsmen, and an American coxswain protested Oxford coach Daniel Topolski's training regimen (an incident known as "The Oxford Boat Race Mutiny").

St John's College, Oxford
St John's College is a constituent college of the University of Oxford. Founded as a men's college in 1555, it has been coeducational since 1979. Its founder, Sir Thomas White, intended to provide a source of educated Roman Catholic clerics to support the Counter-Reformation under Queen Mary.

St John's is the wealthiest college in Oxford, with assets worth over £790 million as of 2022, largely due to nineteenth-century suburban development of land in the city of Oxford of which it is the ground landlord.

The college occupies a site on St Giles' and in 2024 had a student body of 419 undergraduates and 244 postgraduates. There are over 100 academic staff, and a like number of other staff. In 2018 St John's topped the Norrington Table, the annual ranking of Oxford colleges' final results, and in 2021, St John's ranked second with a score of 79.8.
Jorge Rios (cyclist)
Jorge Rios (born 7 July 1972, in Paços de Ferreira, Portugal) was a professional road racing cyclist from 1992 to 2010, where he decided to end his career as a professional road racing cyclist. Is known to have obtained 46 Mountain Jerseys in his career.

Vuelta a Extremadura
The Tour of Extremadura (Spanish: Vuelta Ciclista Internacional a Extremadura  or Vuelta a Extremadura) was an annual multiple stage bicycle race in Spain, visiting the main towns of the Extremadura region. Beginning as an amateur event in 1987, it became part of the professional UCI Europe Tour in 2005, and was last run in 2011.
Davenport, Western Australia
Davenport is a suburb of the City of Bunbury in the South West region of Western Australia. It is predominantly commercial in the north-west, with Bunbury Airport located within the suburb, while the remainder is rural.

Davenport is located on the traditional land of the Wardandi people of the Noongar nation.

Bunbury Airport
Bunbury Airport (IATA: BUY, ICAO: YBUN) is an airport servicing the Western Australian city of Bunbury. Bunbury Airport is located 8 km (5 mi) south-east of the city centre and is the only airport serving the city. The airport is used largely as a facility for General Aviation, pilot training and emergency services. Bunbury Airport serves an area that includes the City of Bunbury and the surrounding districts of Harvey, Dardanup, Capel and Donnybrook-Balingup.
Combe Moor
Combe Moor, also known as Coombes Moor, is a linear hamlet in the civil parish of Byton in Herefordshire, England, to the south-east of the Welsh town of Presteigne, near the border with Wales, and 17 miles (27 km) north-west from the county town of Hereford.

Hereford
Hereford (/ˈhɛrɪfərd/ ⓘ HERR-if-ərd) is a cathedral city and the county town of the ceremonial county of Herefordshire, England. It is on the banks of the River Wye and lies 16 miles (26 km) east of the border with Wales, 23 miles (37 km) north-west of Gloucester and 24 miles (39 km) south-west of Worcester. With a population of 61,900 in 2024, it is the largest settlement in Herefordshire.

An early town charter from 1189, granted by Richard I of England, describes it as "Hereford in Wales". Hereford has been recognised as a city since time immemorial, with the status being reconfirmed in October 2000. Hereford has been a civil parish since 2000.

Products from Hereford include cider, beer, leather goods, nickel alloys, poultry, chemicals and sausage rolls, as well as the Hereford breed of cattle.
2026 Porsche Supercup
The 2026 Porsche Mobil 1 Supercup will be the 34th Porsche Supercup season, a GT3 production one-make racing series sanctioned by Porsche Motorsports GmbH in the world. It will begin on 4 June at Circuit de Monaco, Monaco and will end on 6 September at the Autodromo Nazionale di Monza, Italy, after eight races, all of which are support events for the 2026 Formula One World Championship.

The 2026 season will be the first with the new Porsche 911 Cup (992.2), which is based on the 992.2 generation of the 911.

Porsche Supercup
The Porsche Supercup (officially known as Porsche Mobil 1 Supercup, known as Porsche Michelin Supercup prior to 2007 and often abbreviated as PSC) is an international one-make production stock car racing series supporting the FIA Formula One World Championship organized by Porsche Motorsport GmbH.

Porsche Supercup drivers compete in identical Porsche 911 GT3 Cup cars. On average, 24 race cars take part in each race. Most circuits visited by the series are European, although circuits in Bahrain, United Arab Emirates, the United States and Mexico have been included in the calendar as well.
Infrahelvetic complex
The Infrahelvetic complex is a tectonic unit in the Swiss Alps. It consists of autochthonous rocks of the former southern continental margin of the European Plate.

The Infrahelvetic complex has been overthrusted by the Helvetic nappes, that partly contain similar rocks. It crops out in the northern part of the canton of Graubünden, generally south and below the Helvetic nappes and north of the Penninic nappes.

The Infrahelvetic complex consists of Mesozoic cover rocks, most notably massive limestones from the European continental shelf. These limestones have a shallower marine facies than contemporary sediments from the Helvetic nappes since they were originally deposited north of those units. The Triassic and Permian consist of dolomites, marls and conglomerates. In contrast to the completely detached Helvetic nappes, the Infrahelvetic complex is still lying conformably on top of a Hercynian basement which forms the external massifs of the Aar and Gotthard nappes.

Facies
In geology, a facies (/ˈfeɪʃɪ.iːz/ FAY-shih-eez, US also /ˈfeɪʃiːz/ FAY-sheez; same pronunciation and spelling in the plural) is a body of rock with distinctive characteristics. The characteristics can be any observable attribute of rocks (such as their overall appearance, composition, or condition of formation) and the changes that may occur in those attributes over a geographic area. A facies encompasses all the characteristics of a rock including its chemical, physical, and biological features that distinguish it from adjacent rock.

The term "facies" was introduced by the Swiss geologist Amanz Gressly in 1838 and was part of his significant contribution to the foundations of modern stratigraphy, which replaced the earlier notions of Neptunism.
Burimari–Lalmonirhat–Parbatipur line
The Burimari–Lalmonirhat–Parbatipur line is a 163.4 kilometres (101.5 mi) long railway line connecting Burimari and Parbatipur Junction in northern Bangladesh. It also connects to Kurigram and Ramna Bazar. This track is under the jurisdiction of Bangladesh Railway.

Bangladesh Railway
Bangladesh Railway (Bengali: বাংলাদেশ রেলওয়ে) is the state-owned rail transport agency of Bangladesh. Bangladesh Railway was not established under a specific new act, but rather operates under the framework of The Railways Act, 1890 (Act No. IX of 1890). It operates and maintains all railways in the country, and is overseen by the Directorate General of Bangladesh Railway. The Bangladesh Railway is governed by the Ministry of Railways and the Bangladesh Railway Authority with a reporting mark known as "BR".

The Bangladesh Railway system has a total length of 3,600 kilometres (2,200 mi). In 2009, it had 34,168 employees working for the operations. In the year 2014, Bangladesh Railway recorded a ridership of 65 million passengers for a total of 8,135 million passenger-kilometres, and transported 2.52 million tonnes of freight racking up to 677 million tonne-kilometres.
Nicolae N. Beldiceanu
Nicolae N. Beldiceanu (May 15, 1881–June 9, 1923) was a Romanian short story writer.

Born in Rădășeni, Suceava County, his parents were Nicolae Beldiceanu and his wife Aglaia (née Lateș). He studied at the National College in Iași, where one of his classmates was Mihail Sadoveanu, with whom he would later translate Ivan Turgenev's Hunting Sketches. His first book was the 1905 Chipuri de la mahala; this was followed by Cea dintâi iubire (1906), Maica Melania (1909), Povestiri mărunte (1909), La un han, odată... (1911), Neguri (1911), Chilia dragostei (1913) Fetița doctorului (1914), Fântâna balaurului (1921) and Ospățul (1921). Magazines to which he contributed include Sămănătorul, Viața Românească, Viața socială, Flacăra, Luceafărul and Însemnări literare. He died in Sibiu. Beldiceanu's works feature Sămănătorist and Poporanist touches, showing a sentimental narrator, a naively romantic individual who rarely achieved artistic success.

Ivan Turgenev
Ivan Sergeyevich Turgenev (/tʊərˈɡɛnjɛf, -ˈɡeɪn-/ toor-GHEN-yef, -⁠GAYN-; Russian: Иван Сергеевич Тургенев, IPA: [ɪˈvan sʲɪrˈɡʲe(j)ɪvʲɪtɕ tʊrˈɡʲenʲɪf]; 9 November [O.S. 28 October] 1818 – 3 September [O.S. 22 August] 1883) was a Russian novelist, short story writer, poet, playwright, translator and popularizer of Russian literature in the West.

His first major publication, a short story collection titled A Sportsman's Sketches (1852), was a milestone of Russian realism. His novel Fathers and Sons (1862) is regarded as one of the major works of 19th-century fiction.
Jharauli
Jharauli Khurd  is a village located in Shahabad Markanda town of Kurukshetra district in Haryana state of India. It is about 4 km off the Grand Trunk Road.The village is  surrounded by Babain Tehsil towards East, Ambala Tehsil towards North, Thanesar Tehsil towards South, Kurukshetra Tehsil towards South. According to the 2011 Census , its  population was 1301 of which, 515 were a scheduled caste population.
 There were 241 families, of which only two were Muslim families. The area of the village is 345 hectares, with one primary school (Geeta Vidya Mandir Jhrouli Khurd est.1998), one middle school  (GMS Jharauli Khurd est. 1956)  and one veterinary  dispensary  in the village. The Literacy rate is 75.31 % which is slightly lower than that of Haryana. The village is administrated by an elected Sarpanch.
 Mr. Hartinder Pal Singh  is the present Sarpanch of the village. Wheat, paddy and sugar cane are the main yields of the village. The village code of Jharauli Khurd is 58347.

Kurukshetra
Kurukshetra (Hindi: kurukṣetra, pronounced [kʊrʊkʃeːtɾə]ⓘ) is a historical region in India, also known as Dharmakshetra ("Realm of duty") and as the "Land of the Bhagavad Gita." It also refers to the city Kurukshetra, situated in the area and administrative headquarters of Kurukshetra district in the Indian state of Haryana.
Hanam-eup
Hanam-eup (Korean: 하남읍) is an eup, or large village, in Miryang, Gyeongsangnam-do, South Korea.  It stands at the southern tip of Miryang, and looks across the Nakdong River at the northern tips of Gimhae and Changwon.

In the Silla period, Hanam-eup was a bugok, or stipend-village, known as "Susan-bugok" (穿山部曲).  In the Goryeo period, it was raised to the status of a hyeon, and later incorporated into Milseong-bu (now Miryang).

Noted local landmarks include Bronze Age dolmens in Namjeon-ri, and a monument to late Goryeo scholar-official Yi Sin, also in Namjeon-ri.  The Susan-je, a dike believed to date to the Samhan period, is also located in Hanam.

Although some manufacturing is carried out in Hanam, the local economy is dominated by agriculture.  Local specialties include potatoes, strawberries, cabbage, and sweet persimmons.

Administrative divisions of South Korea
South Korea is made up of 17 first-tier administrative divisions: 6 metropolitan cities (gwangyeoksi 광역시/廣域市), 1 special city (teukbyeolsi 특별시/特別市), 1 special self-governing city (teukbyeol-jachisi 특별자치시/特別自治市), and 9 provinces (do 도/道), including three special self-governing provinces (teukbyeol jachido 특별자치도/特別自治道) and six claimed by the ROK government. These are further subdivided into a variety of smaller entities, including cities (si 시/市), counties (gun 군/郡), districts (gu 구/區), towns (eup 읍/邑), townships (myeon 면/面), neighborhoods (dong 동/洞) and villages (ri 리/里).
Bhaliya
Bhaliya is a village in Kakori Panchayat, Lucknow district, Uttar Pradesh, India. According to 2011 Census of India the population of the village is 2,550 out of 1,336 are males and 1,214 are females. Its village code is 143401. It is the seat of a gram panchayat.

Kakori
Kakori is a town and a nagar panchayat in Lucknow district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh, 19 km North of Lucknow city centre. Kakori was a centre for Urdu poetry, literature and the Qadiriya Qalandari Sufi order. On 9 August 1925,  Indian revolutionaries robbed a train of government funds in Kakori, an incident known as the Kakori Train robbery.
Nooa Takooa
Nooa Takooa (born 10 March 1993) is a sprinter who is internationally representing Kiribati. He participated in 2009 World Championships in Athletics and 2010 Summer Youth Olympics. He represented Kiribati at 2012 Summer Olympics in London in the Men's 100m event. Takooa was eliminated in the preliminary round but finished with a personal best time of 11.53. Takooa is a member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.

2009 World Championships in Athletics
The 12th IAAF World Championships in Athletics (German: Leichtathletik-Weltmeisterschaften 2009) were held in Berlin, Germany from 15 to 23 August 2009. The majority of events took place in the Olympiastadion, while the marathon and racewalking events started and finished at the Brandenburg Gate.
Turned h with fishhook
ʮ	(turned h with fishhook) is a symbol used in Sinological phonetic notation for a labialized syllabic fricative. It is often interpreted as a [z] with rounded lips, and treated as vowel-like in a syllable. One possible IPA notation would be [z̩ʷ]. See Obsolete and nonstandard symbols in the International Phonetic Alphabet for more information.

Voiced alveolar fricative
Voiced alveolar fricatives are consonantal sounds. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents these sounds depends on whether a sibilant or non-sibilant fricative is being described.

The symbol for an alveolar sibilant is ⟨z⟩. The IPA letter ⟨z⟩ is not normally used for dental or postalveolar sibilants in narrow transcription unless modified by a diacritic (⟨z̪⟩ and ⟨z̠⟩ respectively).

The IPA symbol for an alveolar non-sibilant fricative is derived by means of diacritics; it can be ⟨ð̠⟩ or ⟨ɹ̝⟩.
The Quarters (TV series)
The Quarters (猪仔馆人家) is the fifth Malaysian production by MediaCorp Studios Malaysia. Filming began in September 2011 and took place in Muar, Johor, Malaysia and its rural surroundings. It is shown on weekdays at 7pm. It debuted in Singapore on 3 September 2012.

The series is set during an era of samsui women, opium dens, pulled rickshaws and the laid back "kampung" lifestyle. It was also a time when waves of migrant workers and coolies from China settled in Singapore. Many of them were housed in large buildings such that as depicted by Zhu Zai House and multiple tenants would occupy a single room usually meant for one or two persons.

Samsui women
The Samsui women (三水妇女; 三水婦女; Sān shuǐ fùnǚ; 'Sanshui Women'), best known for their Red Headscarf (红头巾; 紅頭巾; hóng tóu jīn; 'red headscarf'), were a group of Chinese female immigrants who came to Malaya (including Singapore) between the 1920s and 1940s in search of construction and industrial jobs. These women were mostly from the Sanshui District of modern-day Guangdong, a province in southern China. Other areas of origin include Shunde and Dongguan, Fujian province and Chao'an, although labourers from these regions were relatively few in number. Their hard work contributed to the development of the Straits Settlements, both as colonies and later as the new nations of Singapore and Malaysia. Samsui women did manual labour similar to coolies but were considered to be more independent.
Slander House
Slander House is a 1938 American drama film directed by Charles Lamont.  The film's producer was Ben Judell of Progressive Pictures, known for low-budget exploitation films with provocative titles; other films released by Progressive the same year included Rebellious Daughters and  Delinquent Parents.

Exploitation film
An exploitation film is a film that seeks commercial success by capitalizing on current trends, niche genres, or sensational content. Exploitation films often feature themes such as suggestive or explicit sex, sensational violence, drug use, nudity, gore, destruction, rebellion, mayhem, and the bizarre. While often associated with low-budget "B movies", some exploitation films have influenced popular culture, attracted critical attention, gained historical significance, and developed cult followings.
Lidbeckia
Lidbeckia is a genus of South African flowering plants in the chamomile tribe, within the daisy family. It includes three species endemic to the Cape Provinces of South Africa.

The genus is named in honour of Eric Gustavius Lidbeck (1724–1803), formerly Professor of Botany at Lund, Sweden.

Species

Lidbeckia lobata Thunb.

Lidbeckia pectinata P.J.Bergius

Lidbeckia pinnata J.C.Manning & Helme

Cape Provinces
The Cape Provinces of South Africa is a biogeographical area used in the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD). It is part of the WGSRPD region 27 Southern Africa. The area has the code "CPP". It includes the South African provinces of the Eastern Cape, the Northern Cape and the Western Cape, together making up most of the former Cape Province.

The area includes the Cape Floristic Region, the smallest of the six recognised floral kingdoms of the world, an area of extraordinarily high diversity and endemism, home to more than 9,000 vascular plant species, of which 69 percent are endemic.
Checkmate (Jadakiss song)
"Checkmate" is a song by the American rapper Jadakiss, released as a promotional single on March 9, 2005, by Ruff Ryders Entertainment/Interscope Records. The song uses the instrumental "Air It Out" from Big Noyd's album Only the Strong, produced by The Alchemist.

"Checkmate" is a diss track aimed at 50 Cent, a response to 50 Cent's diss track "Piggy Bank". "Checkmate" was in heavy rotation on hip-hop radio and reached number 56 on Billboard's Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.

Ruff Ryders Entertainment
Ruff Ryders Entertainment is an American hip-hop record label and management company founded by siblings and record executives Joaquin "Waah", Darrin "Dee" and Chivon Dean in 1988. It operated as a subsidiary of Universal, and distributed by Interscope Records, with Def Jam Recordings serving as the distributor for DMX albums. The label went on to launch the careers of several successful artists such as their flagship artist DMX, Eve, The LOX (Jadakiss, Sheek Louch and Styles P), Drag-On, MC Jin, producers Dame Grease and the Deans' nephew, Swizz Beatz among others. The Ruff Ryders namesake also referred to a loose-knit hip-hop collective composed of the core signees of the label. Ruff Ryders and its main studio Powerhouse Studios are headquartered at 33 South Broadway in Yonkers, New York.
Faith of a Mustard Seed
Faith of a Mustard Seed is the fourth studio album by American record producer Mustard. It was released through 10 Summers Records and BMG Rights Management on July 26, 2024. The album features guest appearances from Kirk Franklin, Lil Yachty, BlueBucksClan, 42 Dugg, Vince Staples, Schoolboy Q, Quavo, Rob49, Travis Scott, Ty Dolla Sign, Charlie Wilson, Masego, Blxst, A Boogie wit da Hoodie, Roddy Ricch, Future, Ella Mai, Kodak Black, Young Thug, and Lil Durk. Production was handled by Mustard and Masego themselves, alongside Monte Booker, Terrace Martin, and Nic Nac, among others. Faith of a Mustard Seed serves as the follow-up to Mustard's previous album, Perfect Ten (2019), and is also his first release under BMG after his contract with Interscope Records ended.

Masego (musician)
Micah Davis (born June 8, 1993), known professionally as Masego (/məˈseɪɡoʊ/ mə-SAY-goh), is a Jamaican-American musician and singer, known for incorporating the saxophone into his music. Masego released two EPs in 2016, The Pink Polo EP with Medasin, and Loose Thoughts. He gained widespread attention with his collaborative record with FKJ called "Tadow" released in 2017. In 2018, he released his debut album Lady Lady. His album Studying Abroad: Extended Stay was nominated for the 2022 Grammy Awards in the "Best Progressive R&B Album" category.
Italian Sign Language
Italian Sign Language (Italian: Lingua dei segni italiana, LIS) is the visual language used by deaf people in Italy. Deep analysis of it began in the 1980s, along the lines of William Stokoe's research on American Sign Language in the 1960s. Until the beginning of the 21st century, most studies of Italian Sign Language dealt with its vocabulary. According to the European Union for the Deaf, the majority of the 60,000–90,000 Deaf people in Italy use LIS.

Deafness
Deafness has varying definitions in cultural and medical contexts. In medical contexts, the meaning of deafness is hearing loss that precludes a person from understanding spoken language, an audiological condition. In this context it is written with a lower case d. It later came to be used in a cultural context to refer to those who primarily communicate with a deafness aid or through sign language regardless of hearing ability, often capitalized as Deaf and referred to as "big D Deaf" in speech and sign. The two definitions overlap but are not identical, as hearing loss includes cases that are not severe enough to impact spoken language comprehension, while cultural Deafness includes hearing people who use sign language, such as children of deaf adults.
Nagarevi Cave Natural Monument
Nagarevi Cave Natural Monument (Georgian: ნაგარევის მღვიმის ბუნების ძეგლი) is a karst cave located near village Godogani, Terjola Municipality in Imereti region of Georgia, 199 meters above sea level. It is located on the left slope of the scenic Cheshura Gorge across the river from monastery.

Solutional cave
A solutional cave, solution cave, or karst cave is usually formed in a soluble rock like limestone, of which calcium carbonate (CaCO3) composes. Being the most common type of cave, it can also form in other rocks, including chalk, dolomite, marble, salt beds, and gypsum.