hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Anand Mahadevan
Anand Mahadevan is an Indian-Canadian writer, who was awarded an Honour of Distinction from the Dayne Ogilvie Prize for LGBT writers in 2013.

Born and raised in Tamil Nadu, India, Mahadevan moved to the United States at age 17 to study. He moved to Canada in 2002, and teaches science at the University of Toronto Schools and creative writing at the Humber School for Writers.

The Strike, his debut novel about a young Tamil man's gay sexual awakening, was published in Canada by TSAR Publications in 2006. Its publication in India followed in 2009.

His second novel, tentatively titled American Sufi, is slated for future publication.

He has also been an active supporter of the campaign to strike down Section 377 of the Indian Penal Code, which criminalized homosexuality in India.

He subsequently served on the jury for the 2015 Dayne Ogilvie Prize, selecting Alex Leslie as that year's winner.

Section 377
Section 377 is a British colonial Penal Code provision that criminalized all sexual acts "against the order of nature". The law was used to prosecute people engaging in oral and anal sex along with homosexual activity. As per a Supreme Court of India judgement since 2018, the Indian Penal Code Section 377 is used to convict non-consensual sexual activities among homosexuals with a minimum of ten years' imprisonment extended to life imprisonment. It has been used to criminalize third gender people, such as the apwint in Myanmar. In 2018, then British Prime Minister Theresa May acknowledged how the legacies of such British colonial anti-sodomy laws continue to persist today in the form of discrimination, violence, and even death.
Richard Locksley
Richard Locksley is a medical doctor, professor and researcher of infectious diseases, who pioneered approaches to study immunology. He is a professor of medicine and microbiology and immunology at the University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, where he also serves as the director of the Sandler Asthma Basic Research Center. He is also an investigator for the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. He is a fellow of the American Academy of Microbiology. In 2018, he was inducted into the National Academy of Sciences for his work on immunology.

American Society for Microbiology
The American Society for Microbiology (ASM), originally the Society of American Bacteriologists, is a professional organization for scientists who study viruses, bacteria, fungi, algae, and protozoa as well as other aspects of microbiology. It was founded in 1899. The Society publishes a variety of scientific journals, textbooks, and other educational materials related to microbiology and infectious diseases. ASM organizes annual meetings, as well as workshops and professional development opportunities for its members.
Annandale, California
Annandale is a former community in Los Angeles County, California that is now a neighborhood in Los Angeles, California and Pasadena, California. The Pasadena portion is bordered by Colorado Boulevard to the north, San Rafael Avenue to the east, and the Pasadena-Los Angeles border to the south and west.  The Los Angeles portion is approximately bordered by Meridian Street, Figueroa Street, Colorado Blvd and the Pasadena-Los Angeles border. The main roads through the neighborhood are Figueroa Street, Avenue 64 and La Loma Road.

The portions of Annandale now in Los Angeles were annexed by Los Angeles on February 24, 1924.

The Pacific Electric Railway served Annandale with the Annandale Line from 1902 to 1928.

Figueroa Street
Figueroa Street is a major north–south street in Los Angeles County, California, spanning from the Los Angeles neighborhood of Wilmington north to Eagle Rock. A short, unconnected continuation of Figueroa Street runs just south of Marengo Drive in Glendale to Chevy Chase Drive in La Cañada Flintridge.
Catoptria trichostomus
Catoptria trichostomus is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Hugo Theodor Christoph in 1858. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Alaska to Labrador and Baffin Island in the Northwest Territories, south in the Rocky Mountains to southern Alberta. It is also found in the Russian Far East. The habitat consists of coniferous forests.

The wingspan is 17–20 mm.

Baffin Island
Baffin Island (formerly Baffin Land and also James Island), in the Canadian territory of Nunavut, is the largest island in Canada, the second-largest island in the Americas (behind Greenland), and the fifth-largest island in the world. Its area is 507,451 km2 (195,928 sq mi) (slightly smaller than Thailand) with a population density of 0.026/km2 (0.067/sq mi); the population was 13,039 according to the 2021 Canadian census; and it is located at 68°N 70°W﻿ / ﻿68°N 70°W﻿ / 68; -70﻿ (Baffin Island). Iqaluit, the capital of Nunavut, is located on Frobisher Bay on the southern tip of the island.
Cremonesi
Cremonesi is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Carlo Cremonesi (1866–1943), Italian cardinal

Filippo Cremonesi (1872–1942), Italian banker and politician

Michele Cremonesi (born 1988), Italian footballer

Filippo Cremonesi
Filippo Cremonesi (22 August 1872 – 19 May 1942) was an Italian banker and politician. He was born in Rome, Kingdom of Italy. He was mayor of Rome from 1922 to 1926 and the first Fascist Governor of Rome in 1926. He was a recipient of the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus.

In 1928 Cremonesi was appointed by Mussolini as the president of the Italian Red Cross, bringing the organization in line with fascism. He died in Rome, Italy.
Louis Mayer (painter)
Louis Mayer (23 May 1791 in Neckarbischofsheim – 18 November 1843 in Stuttgart), born Ludwig Hartmann Mayer, was a German landscape painter and brother to the poet Karl Mayer.

He studied painting in Stuttgart as a pupil of Gottlob Friedrich Steinkopf (1779–1861). On his study travels, he visited Swabia, Switzerland, Tyrol, Styria and Italy.

County of Tyrol
The (Princely) County of Tyrol was an estate of the Holy Roman Empire established about 1140. After 1253, it was ruled by the House of Gorizia and from 1363 by the House of Habsburg. In 1804, the County of Tyrol, unified with the secularised prince-bishoprics of Trent and Brixen, became a crown land of the Austrian Empire, then was part of Bavaria from 1805 to 1814 when it returned to Austrian rule. From 1867, it was a Cisleithanian crown land of Austria-Hungary.

Today the territory of the historic crown land is divided between the Italian autonomous region of Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol and the Austrian state of Tyrol. The two parts are today associated again in the Tyrol–South Tyrol–Trentino Euroregion.
José Herrada
José Herrada Lopez (born 1 October 1985) is a Spanish former professional road bicycle racer, who competed as a professional from 2006 to 2023. His brother Jesús Herrada is also a professional cyclist, and also competes for Cofidis.

Cofidis (cycling team)
Cofidis  (UCI team code: COF) is a French professional road bicycle racing team sponsored by a money-lending company, Cofidis.  It was started in 1996 by Cyrille Guimard, the former manager of Bernard Hinault, Greg LeMond and Laurent Fignon of the Renault–Elf–Gitane team of the 1980s. The team's sponsor has supported the team despite repeated problems such as doping scandals. After it was part of the UCI ProTour for the ProTour's first five seasons, from 2010 the team competed as a UCI Professional Continental team. The team joined the UCI World Tour for the 2020 season.
Amalgamated Wheelwrights, Smiths and Kindred Trades Union
The Amalgamated Wheelwrights, Smiths and Kindred Trades Union was a trade union representing workers involved in vehicle building in the United Kingdom.

The union was founded in 1908, when the Cardiff-based Amalgamated Wheelwrights' and Carriage Makers' Union merged with the Bolton-based Wheelwrights and Smiths' Society, forming the Amalgamated Society of Wheelwrights, Smiths and Motor Body Makers.  By 1911, it was based in Manchester, and had a membership of 1,897.  It affiliated to the Trades Union Congress, and grew rapidly.  In 1921, it adopted its final name, at which time, it claimed a membership of 11,000.  Its merger into the National Union of Vehicle Builders was agreed in 1923, and completed in 1925.

Trades Union Congress
The Trades Union Congress (TUC) is a national trade union centre, a federation of trade unions that collectively represent most unionised workers in England and Wales. There are 48 affiliated unions with a total of about 5.5 million members. Paul Nowak is the TUC's current General Secretary, serving from January 2023.
2019 Kategoria e Tretë
The 2019 Kategoria e Tretë was the 16th official season of the Albanian football fourth division since its establishment. The season began on 22 February 2019. There were 6 teams competing this season. Selenica and Mirdita gained promotion to the 2019–20 Kategoria e Dytë. Selenica won their first Kategoria e Tretë title.

2019–20 Kategoria e Dytë
The 2019-20 Kategoria e Dytë was the 40th official season of the Albanian football third division since its establishment. There were 26 teams competing this season, split in 2 groups. The winners of the groups played the league's final against each other and also gained promotion to the 2020–21 Kategoria e Parë. Teams ranked from the 2nd to the 5th position qualified to the play-off round which they played against the 8th ranked teams in the 2019-20 Kategoria e Parë. Partizani B, Tomori and Vora were promoted to the 2020–21 Kategoria e Parë. Vora won their second Kategoria e Dytë title after beating Tomori in the final match. The competition was completely suspended from 12 March to 7 June 2020, due to the COVID-19 Pandemic.
Charles Wesley Weldon
Charles Wesley Weldon, QC (February 27, 1830 – January 12, 1896) was a Canadian lawyer and politician. He represented the City and County of St. John in the House of Commons of Canada from 1878 to 1891 as a Liberal member.

He was born in Richibucto, New Brunswick, the son of John Wesley Weldon and Frances Chandler Upham. He was educated at King's College in Windsor, Nova Scotia. He studied law in his father's office, was called to the bar in 1851 and set up practice in Saint John. In 1860, he married Annie Tucker. He was originally opposed to Confederation. In 1873, he was named Queen's Counsel. Weldon was defeated in the 1891 general election.

Windsor, Nova Scotia
Windsor is a community located in Hants County, Nova Scotia, Canada.  It is a service centre for the western part of the county and is situated on Highway 101.

The community has a history dating back to its use by the Mi'kmaq Nation for several millennia prior to European colonization.  When the Acadians lived in the area, the town was raided by New England forces in 1704. The area was central to both Father Le Loutre's War and the Expulsion of the Acadians during the Bay of Fundy Campaign in 1755. The town promotes itself as the birthplace of ice hockey and was the home of Canada's first internationally best-selling author, Thomas Chandler Haliburton.

On April 1, 2020, the Town of Windsor amalgamated with the District of West Hants to become the West Hants Regional Municipality.
Xylotrechus colonus
Xylotrechus colonus is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae, subfamily Cerambycinae, and tribe Clytini. Its common name is rustic borer or rustic borer beetle. It was described by Johan Christian Fabricius in 1775. The larvae of this beetle feed on the sapwood of oaks (Quercus), whereas adults feed on the nectar of goldenrod (Solidago) and other composite flowers. The wing covers are black, with variable bands of grey, and a sinuous yellow mark near the base. The underside of the beetle is black, with faint yellow banding.

Cerambycinae
Cerambycinae is a subfamily of the longhorn beetle family (Cerambycidae). The subfamily has a world-wide distribution including: Asia, Europe and the Americas (with 430 species in 130 genera in the neotropical realm). Within the family, the only subfamily of comparable diversity is the Lamiinae.
SS Fultala
SS Fultala was a British India Steam Navigation Company (BI) steamship. She was built in England in 1890, operated mostly in the Indian Ocean, and was scrapped in India in 1923. She was a troop ship in the Second Boer War and the First World War. From 1901 to 1906 she took Indian indentured labourers to Fiji.

She was the first of three BI ships to be called Fultala. The second was a motor ship that was built in 1940 and sunk in 1942. The third was a steamship that was built in 1948 and sold in 1961.

Motor ship
A motor ship or motor vessel is a ship that is propelled by an internal combustion engine, usually a diesel engine. The names of motor ships are often prefixed with MS, M/S, MV or M/V.

Engines for motorships were developed during the 1890s, and by the early 20th century, motorships began to cross the waters.
Kakaki
See also the Africa section of: Nafir

The kakaki is a three- to four-metre-long metal trumpet used in Hausa, Yoruba, and Nupe traditional ceremonial music. Kakaki is the name used in Chad, Burkina Faso, Ghana, Benin, Niger, and Nigeria.

The instrument is also known as malakat or mäläkät (መለከት) in Ethiopia and Eritrea.

An ancient instrument, the kakaki was predominant among Songhai cavalry. Its sound is associated with royalty and it is only played at events at the palace of the king or sultan in Hausa societies. It is used as part of the sara, a weekly statement of power and authority. Kakaki are exclusively played by men.

Nupe people
The Nupe (traditionally called the Nufawa by the Hausas and Tapa by the neighbouring Yoruba) are an ethnic group native to North Central Nigeria. They are the dominant ethnic group in Niger State and an important minority in Kwara State. The Nupe are also present in Kogi State and The Federal Capital Territory.
Ralph Hanover
Ralph Hanover (1980 – October 18, 2008) was a Standardbred colt who in 1983 became the seventh horse to capture the U.S. Pacing Triple Crown. Bred by Hanover Shoe Farms, as a yearling he was purchased for $58,000 by trainer Stewart Firlotte at the 1981 Standardbred Horse Sale Company's Harrisburg, Pennsylvania auction.

Standardbred
The Standardbred is an American horse breed best known for its ability in harness racing where they compete at either a trot or pace. Developed in North America, the Standardbred is recognized worldwide, and the breed can trace its bloodlines to 18th-century England. They are solid, well-built horses with good dispositions.
Doomsday With My Dog
Doomsday With My Dog (世界の終わりに柴犬と, Sekai no Owari ni Shiba Inu to; "At the End of the World With My Shiba Inu") is a Japanese four-panel manga series written and illustrated by Yū Isihara. Originally published as a web manga on Twitter, it was later picked up for serialization by Kadokawa Corporation, who then began serializing the series on their ComicWalker website in March 2018. The series has been compiled into four tankōbon volumes by Kadokawa Shoten as of October 2022. An original net (ONA) anime adaptation by DLE was released on YouTube from August 2022 to February 2023.

Kadokawa Corporation
Kadokawa Corporation (Japanese: 株式会社KADOKAWA, Hepburn: Kabushiki-gaisha Kadokawa), formerly Kadokawa Dwango Corporation, is a Japanese conglomerate based in Fujimi, Chiyoda, Tokyo.

Created as a result of the merger of the original Kadokawa Corporation and Dwango Co., Ltd. on October 1, 2014, the company has holdings in entertainment (including anime and video game studios), publishing, and real estate among other assets.

Kadokawa is a member of the Motion Picture Association of Japan (MPPAJ) and is therefore one of the youngest of Japan's Big Four film studios.
2016 Georgia Republican presidential primary
The 2016 Georgia Republican presidential primary was held on Tuesday March 1, as part of that election cycle's Super Tuesday. It took place ahead of the presidential election that November, and the state's Democratic primary was held on the same day.

Donald Trump won the primary, with 38.8% of all votes cast. Marco Rubio came in second, with 24.5% of the vote, and Ted Cruz came in third, with 23.6% of the vote. Of Georgia's 76 bound delegates, Trump, Rubio, and Cruz took home 42, 16, and 18, respectively.

Evangelicals were a key voting bloc for Republican candidates in the primary, and Donald Trump won them handily.

Voting bloc
A voting bloc is a group of voters that are strongly motivated by a specific common concern or group of concerns to the point that such specific concerns tend to dominate their voting patterns, causing them to vote together in elections. Frequently bloc's come from the same community or  have the same interests. Voters in a bloc tend to vote in the same or similar ways. These Bloc's tend to band together to campaign for a common interest or major issue. Blocs are used to allow a collection of voter to gain more leverage over elected officials by showing a significant portion of voters care about a major issue, allowing for a display of the ability of voters to maintain votes over specific issues from election to election.
Jae-wook
Jae-wook is a Korean given name.

People with this name include:

Ko Jae-wook (born 1951), South Korean football manager

Ahn Jae-wook (born 1971), South Korean actor and singer

Kim Jae-wook (born 1983), South Korean actor and model

Ahn Se-ha (born Ahn Jae-wook, 1986), South Korean actor

No Jae-wook (born 1992), South Korean volleyball player

Lee Jae-wook (born 1998), South Korean actor and model

Kim Jae-wook
Kim Jae-wook (Korean: 김재욱; born April 2, 1983) is a South Korean model and actor. He is best known for his roles in the hit series Coffee Prince (2007), comedy film Antique (2008), mystery drama Who Are You? (2013), Voice (2017), The Guest (2018),  Her Private Life (2019), and Crazy Love (2022). He is fluent in Japanese, and played the role of Sō Takeyuki, the Japanese husband of Princess Deokhye, in the film The Last Princess.
Friends Relief Service
The Friends Relief Service (FRS) was a voluntary humanitarian relief organisation formally established by a committee of Britain Yearly Meeting in November 1940.  Largely staffed by pacifists and conscientious objectors, its aim was to provide humanitarian relief and social welfare to civilians affected by World War II. Key areas of operation included British cities affected by The Blitz, and refugee camps throughout north-west Europe, the Balkans and the Middle-East. One of its teams was also amongst the first humanitarian groups to reach Bergen-Belsen concentration camp. The organisation had three changes of name: Friends War Victims Relief Committee (November 1940 - February 1942); Friends War Relief Service (February 1942 - September 1943) and the Friends Relief Service (September 1943 - May 1948). The FRS was closed down on May 29, 1948.

Friends House
Friends House is a multi-use building at 173 Euston Road in London, England. The building houses the central offices of British Quakers and a conference centre. The building is also the principal venue for North West London Meeting and the Britain Yearly Meeting.

Friends House serves as a hub for an array of events, meetings, conferences, and gatherings for organisations and individuals. There is also a library (the Library of the Society of Friends), a café, a bookshop, a worship space, a courtyard, and garden on-site.
War Arrow
War Arrow is a 1954 American Technicolor Western film directed by George Sherman and starring Maureen O'Hara, Jeff Chandler and John McIntire. Filmed by Universal Pictures and based on the Seminole Scouts, the film was shot in Agoura, California.

Agoura, California
Agoura (/əˈɡɔːrə/) is an unincorporated community in Los Angeles County, California, United States. Located southeast of the city of Agoura Hills and adjacent to the city of Calabasas, Agoura was the historical name of the area before much of the area was developed and before the incorporation of the city of Agoura Hills. There are a few nearby pockets of unincorporated areas that contain a handful of houses. Much of the area is also often referred to as the neighborhood of Old Agoura. The ZIP code is 91301 and the telephone area codes are 747 and 818.
Graffiti Crimes
Graffiti Crimes was the debut studio album by New Zealand new wave music group Mi-Sex, released in July 1979. The album peaked at number six on the New Zealand albums chart and number 16 on the Australian Kent Music Report. The album was certified gold in New Zealand.

The album was re-released in January 1980 following the success of the single "Computer Games," which peaked at number one in Australia in November 1979. "Computer Games" was added to the track listing on track 1, Side Two.

The album was titled Computer Games for the international release.

Kevin Stanton said it was his hand holding the policeman's notebook on the cover of the album and his girlfriend posing by the wall.

Kent Music Report
The Kent Music Report was a weekly record chart of Australian music singles and albums which was compiled by music historian David Kent from May 1974 through to January 1999. The chart was re-branded the Australian Music Report (AMR) in July 1987. From June 1988, the Australian Recording Industry Association, which had been using the top 50 portion of the report under licence since mid-1983, chose to produce their own listing as the ARIA Charts.

Before the Kent Report, Go-Set magazine published weekly Top 40 Singles from 1966, and albums chart from 1970 until the magazine's demise in August 1974.

David Kent later published Australian charts from 1940 to 1973 in a retrospective fashion, using state by state chart data obtained from various Australian radio stations.
Ernst Freiherr von Althaus
Oberleutnant Ernst Freiherr von Althaus (19 March 1890  – 29 November 1946) was a German flying ace in World War I, credited with nine confirmed aerial victories, as well as eight unconfirmed ones. He was one of the original Fokker Eindekker pilots who became known collectively as the Fokker Scourge.

Military Order of St. Henry
The Military Order of St. Henry (Militär-St. Heinrichs-Orden) was a military order of the Kingdom of Saxony, a member state of the German Empire. The order was the oldest military order of the states of the German Empire. It was founded on October 7, 1736 by Augustus III, King of Poland and Elector of Saxony. The order underwent several more revisions over the course of the 19th and early 20th centuries. It became obsolete with the fall of the Saxon monarchy in the wake of Germany's defeat in World War I.
2020s commodities boom
The 2020s commodities boom refers to the rise of many commodity prices in the early 2020s following the COVID-19 pandemic. The COVID-19 recession initially made commodity prices drop, but lockdowns, supply chain bottlenecks, and dovish monetary policy limited supply and created excess demand causing a commodity super cycle rise.

The Russian invasion of Ukraine beginning in February 2022 worsened the bottlenecks, creating the 2022–2023 Russia–European Union gas dispute and the 2021 United Kingdom natural gas supplier crisis, contributing to the global energy crisis (2021–2023). As Russia and Belarus are major fertilizer exporters and natural gas is a primary component in many fertilizers, fertilizer prices rose accordingly, exacerbating the 2022–2023 global food crises.

The previous commodity super cycle was the 2000s commodities boom, which was attributed to emerging markets, especially that of China, providing a high demand for raw materials.

Demand
In economics, demand is the quantity of a good that consumers are willing and able to purchase at various prices during a given time. In economics "demand" for a commodity is not the same thing as "desire" for it. It refers to both the desire to purchase and the ability to pay for a commodity.

Demand is always expressed in relation to a particular price and a particular time period since demand is a flow concept. Flow is any variable which is expressed per unit of time. Demand thus does not refer to a single isolated purchase, but a continuous flow of purchases.