hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kotarszyn
Kotarszyn [kɔˈtarʂɨn] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Waśniów, within Ostrowiec County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) north-west of Waśniów, 15 km (9 mi) west of Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski, and 42 km (26 mi) east of the regional capital Kielce.

Ostrowiec County
Ostrowiec County (Polish: powiat ostrowiecki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, south-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski, which lies 56 kilometres (35 mi) east of the regional capital Kielce. The county also contains the towns of Ćmielów, lying 10 km (6 mi) south-east of Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski, and Kunów, 9 km (6 mi) west of Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski.

The county covers an area of 616.33 square kilometres (238.0 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 109,512, out of which the population of Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski is 68,641, that of Ćmielów is 3,012, that of Kunów is 2,967, and the rural population is 34,892.
2009 Shakey's V-League 1st Conference
The 2009 Shakey's V-League 1st Conference was the ninth conference of the Shakey's V-League and the first conference of the 2009 season. It started on April 19, 2009, at the Filoil Flying V Arena. Teams included defending champion and current NCAA champion San Sebastian, UAAP runner-up FEU, NCRAA champion Lyceum. Two Visayan teams, CESAFI champion USJ-R, and USLS, joined at the quarterfinals. UAAP champion La Salle decided not to compete and took a leave of absence; UP replaced the Lady Archers to complete the eight-team elimination round roster.

NCAA volleyball championships
The National Collegiate Athletic Association volleyball tournament occurs every second semester of the academic year. It is divided into three divisions: the Juniors division for high school male students and the Seniors division which is subdivided into Men's Senior division for male college students and Women's Senior division for female college students. The tournament attracts numerous teams from various schools, fostering a highly competitive environment. It serves as a platform for young athletes to showcase their talents and gain valuable experience in high-level matches.
Alexander Balus
Alexander Balus (HWV 65) is an oratorio by George Frideric Handel, named after its title character, the Seleucid king Alexander Balas. The work has three acts and was written in English. The period of the story is from 150 B.C to 145 B.C. The libretto is by Thomas Morell after the biblical book of 1 Maccabees.

Fourth in a series of English military oratorios, following Joshua and the success of Judas Maccabaeus, celebrating the victories of the Hanoverian monarchy over the Jacobite uprisings, the work moves from celebrations of military success in the first act to personal tragedies in the last. Alexander Balus was composed in the summer of 1747 and premiered on 23 March 1748 at Covent Garden Theatre, London, with Caterina Galli singing the title role, Thomas Lowe as Jonathan, and Thomas Reinhold as Ptolemee. In 1754 Handel made a revision to his work and changed the leading role, the king Alexander, to a soprano instead of an alto.

Händel-Werke-Verzeichnis
The Händel-Werke-Verzeichnis (abbreviated as HWV) is the Catalogue of Handel's Works. It was published in three volumes (in German) by Bernd Baselt between 1978 and 1986, and lists every piece of music known to have been written by George Frideric Handel. The catalogue also includes the first few bars of each piece and large amounts of factual information including manuscript sources, early prints, photographs, spurious works, etc. The catalogue does not include the full scores of Handel's works (for the full scores, see Händel-Gesellschaft and Hallische Händel-Ausgabe).
1882 Prince Edward Island general election
The 1882 Prince Edward Island election was held on May 8, 1882, to elect members of the House of Assembly of the province of Prince Edward Island, Canada. It was won by the Conservative Party.

The election is currently listed on the website of Elections Prince Edward Island as taking place in 1883 — however, contemporaneous sources place the election in 1882.

Progressive Conservative Party of Prince Edward Island
The Progressive Conservative Party of Prince Edward Island (PEIPC) is one of three major political parties on Prince Edward Island. The party and its rival, the Prince Edward Island Liberal Party, have alternated in power since responsible government was granted in 1851.
Scoparia ulmaya
Scoparia ulmaya is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Harrison Gray Dyar Jr. in 1929. It is found on the West Indies, where it has been recorded from Guadeloupe.

The wingspan is about 10 mm. The forewings are brown with a slight bronzy reflection. The lines are pale and there is a round black spot, as well as a thick rectangular black dash. The spaces between the marks are filled with brown and there are two black terminal patches. Adults have been recorded on wing in July.

Harrison Gray Dyar Jr.
Harrison Gray Dyar Jr. (February 14, 1866 – January 21, 1929) was an American entomologist. Dyar's Law, a pattern of geometric progression in the growth of insect parts, is named after him. He was also noted for eccentric pursuits which included digging tunnels under his home. He had a complicated personal life and along with his second wife he adopted the Baháʼí Faith.
Gispert
Gispert (Spanish: [xispet]) is the name of two premium cigar brands, one previously manufactured in Cuba for Habanos S.A., the Cuban state-owned tobacco company, and the other in Honduras for the Franco-Spanish tobacco monopoly Altadis S.A., a division of Imperial Tobacco.

Altadis
Altadis is a Spanish-French multinational purveyor and manufacturer of cigarettes, tobacco and cigars. It was formed via a 1999 merger between Tabacalera, the former Spanish tobacco monopoly and SEITA, the former French tobacco monopoly. Through its international holdings, including ownership of the former Consolidated Cigar Holdings and half ownership of the Cuban state tobacco monopoly, Habanos S.A., Altadis was the largest producer of mass market and premium cigars in the world, as well as the fourth largest producer of tobacco products.

The company was acquired by the British tobacco giant Imperial Tobacco (now Imperial Brands) in 2008, becoming a subsidiary of it.
Mind Breaths
Mind Breaths is a book of poetry by Allen Ginsberg published by City Lights Publishers.  It contains poems written by Ginsberg between 1972 and 1977.

Some of these poems include:

"Ayers Rock Uluru Song" (about Uluru, or Ayers Rock)

"Under the World There's a Lot of Ass"

"On Neruda's Death" (about Pablo Neruda)

"Sweet Boy, Gimme Yr Ass"

"Sad Dust Glories"

"Ego Confessions"

"Jaweh and Allah Battle"

"Mugging"

"We Rise on Sunbeams and Fall in the Night" (about the death of William Carlos Williams)

"Hadda Be Playing on the Jukebox"

"Rolling Thunder Stones"

"Don't Grow Old"

"Contest of Bards"

City Lights Bookstore
City Lights is an independent bookstore-publisher combination in San Francisco, California, that specializes in world literature, the arts, and progressive politics. It also houses the nonprofit City Lights Foundation, which publishes selected titles related to San Francisco culture. It was founded in 1953 by poet Lawrence Ferlinghetti and Peter D. Martin (who left two years later). Both the store and the publishers became widely known following the obscenity trial of Ferlinghetti for publishing Allen Ginsberg's influential collection Howl and Other Poems (City Lights, 1956). Nancy Peters started working there in 1971 and retired as executive director in 2007. In 2001, City Lights was made an official historic landmark. City Lights is located at 261 Columbus Avenue. While formally located in Chinatown, it self-identifies as part of immediately adjacent North Beach.
SAM-II riboswitch
The SAM-II riboswitch is an RNA element found predominantly in Alphaproteobacteria that binds S-adenosyl methionine (SAM). Its structure and sequence appear to be unrelated to the SAM riboswitch found in Gram-positive bacteria.  This SAM riboswitch is located upstream of the metA and metC genes in Agrobacterium tumefaciens, and other methionine and SAM biosynthesis genes in other alpha-proteobacteria.  Like the other SAM riboswitch, it probably functions to turn off expression of these genes in response to elevated SAM levels. A significant variant of SAM-II riboswitches was found in Pelagibacter ubique and related marine bacteria and called SAM-V.  Also, like many structured RNAs, SAM-II riboswitches can tolerate long loops between their stems.

Alphaproteobacteria
Alphaproteobacteria or α-proteobacteria, also called α-Purple bacteria in earlier literature, is a class of bacteria in the phylum Pseudomonadota (also called "Proteobacteria"). The Magnetococcales and Mariprofundales are considered basal or sister to the Alphaproteobacteria. The Alphaproteobacteria are highly diverse and possess few commonalities, but nevertheless share a common ancestor. Like all proteobacteria, its members are gram-negative, although some of its intracellular parasitic members lack peptidoglycan and are consequently gram variable.
George Dormer
George Dormer (October 11, 1838 – June 24, 1875) was a Canadian lawyer and political figure. He represented Victoria South in the House of Commons of Canada as a Conservative member from 1872 to 1874.

He was born in Kingston, Upper Canada, the son of James Dormer, a Kingston physician, and Mary Pengelly. He was educated at Laval University and Toronto University. In 1859, he married Sarah Marah. He studied law with John A. Macdonald and was called to the bar in 1872. He practised law in Lindsay. Dormer served as mayor of Lindsay from 1871 to 1872. He died there at the age of 36.

Lindsay, Ontario
Lindsay is a community of 22,367 people (2021 census) on the Scugog River in the Kawartha Lakes region of south-eastern Ontario, Canada. It is approximately 43 km (27 mi) west of Peterborough. It is located in the City of Kawartha Lakes, and is the hub for business and commerce in the region.
École nationale supérieure des arts appliqués et des métiers d'art
The École nationale supérieure des arts appliqués et des métiers d'art, also called the École des Arts Appliqués or Olivier de Serres and abbreviated to ENSAAMA, is a post-baccalauréat teaching establishment for the decorative arts in the 15th arrondissement of Paris, France.

Musée Picasso
Musée Picasso (French: [myze pikaso]; English: Picasso Museum) is an art gallery located in the Hôtel Salé (English: Salé Hall) on the Rue de Thorigny, in the Marais district of Paris, France, dedicated to the work of the Spanish artist Pablo Picasso (1881–1973). The museum collection includes more than 5,000 works of art including paintings, sculptures, drawings, ceramics, prints, engravings, and notebooks, as well as tens of thousands of archived pieces from Picasso's personal repository, including the artist's photographic archive, personal papers, correspondence, and author manuscripts. A large portion of items were donated by Picasso's family after his death, in accord with the wishes of the artist, who lived in France from 1905 to 1973.
Bernt
Bernt is a Scandinavian variant of the German masculine given name Berend, which is the Low German form of Bernard (Bernhard). The name Bernhard means "strong bear" (from Old German bero, "bear", and harti, "strong"). Its use in Sweden was first documented in 1395.

Notable people with the name include:

Bernard
Bernard (Bernhard) is a French and West Germanic masculine given name. It has West Germanic origin and is also a surname.

The name is attested from at least the 9th century. West Germanic Bernhard is composed from the two elements bern "bear" and hard "brave, hardy". Its native Old English cognate was Beornheard, which was replaced or merged with the French form Bernard that was brought to England after the Norman Conquest. The name Bernhard was notably popular among Old Frisian speakers. Its wider use was popularized due to Saint Bernhard of Clairvaux (canonized in 1174). In Ireland, the name was an anglicized form of Brian.
History of civil service in China
The concept of a civil service first arose in mainland China during the Han dynasty, when efforts were made to base appointments solely on merit. During the Three Kingdoms Period, Cao Wei instituted the nine-rank system. The Sui dynasty founded the imperial examination system, which was further strengthened under the Tang dynasty and the Song dynasty. The system was finally abolished by the Qing government in 1905 as part of the New Policies reform package.

Government of the Qing dynasty
The Qing dynasty (1644–1912) was the last imperial dynasty of China. The early Qing emperors adopted the bureaucratic structures and institutions from the preceding Ming dynasty but split rule between the Han and Manchus with some positions also given to Mongols. Like previous dynasties, the Qing recruited officials via the imperial examination system until the system was abolished in 1905. The Qing divided the positions into civil and military positions, each having nine grades or ranks, each subdivided into a and b categories. Civil appointments ranged from an attendant to the emperor or a grand secretary in the Forbidden City (highest) to being a prefectural tax collector, deputy jail warden, deputy police commissioner, or tax examiner. Military appointments ranged from being a field marshal or chamberlain of the imperial bodyguard to a third class sergeant, corporal or a first or second class private.
1968 Mr. Olympia
The 1968 Mr. Olympia contest was an IFBB professional bodybuilding competition held in September  1968 at the Brooklyn Academy of Music in Brooklyn, New York.  It was the 4th Mr. Olympia competition held.

Sergio Oliva defended his title unopposed.  Other contestants were expected to compete but all withdrew.
Harold Poole received a job promotion in 1968 and it adversely affected his ability to train for the competition.
Dave Draper found himself in the Hollywood spotlight, and movie making and film promotion disrupted his ability to prepare for the contest.
Chuck Sipes was in attendance that evening.  He won the Mr. World the same day, and had also taken time to perform strongman stunts.  But, on the advice of Joe Weider, Chuck withdrew from the competition.

International Fitness and Bodybuilding Federation
The International Fitness and Bodybuilding Federation (IFBB) is an international professional sports governing body for bodybuilding and fitness. Headquartered in Las Rozas de Madrid, it oversees many of the sport's major international events, notably the World and Continental Championships.
Al-Walid ibn Uqba
Al-Walīd ibn ʿUqba ibn Abī Muʿayṭ (Arabic: الْوَلِيْد ابْنِ عُقبَة ابْنِ أَبِيّ مُعَيْط, died 680) was the governor of Kufa in 645/46–649/50 during the reign of his half-brother, Caliph Uthman (r. 644–656).

During the reign of Uthman, he led Fajr prayers while intoxicated, and there were witness of him vomiting, as mentioned in Hadith 4457 of Sahih Muslim. Therefore, the legal punishment of whipping was carried out on him, and according to some accounts, with Ali's hand.

Sahih Muslim
Sahih Muslim (Arabic: صحيح مسلم, romanized: Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim) is the second hadith collection of the Six Books of Sunni Islam. Compiled by Islamic scholar Muslim ibn al-Ḥajjāj (d. 875) in the musannaf format, the work is valued by Sunnis, alongside Sahih al-Bukhari, as the most important source for Islamic religion after the Qur'an.

Sahih Muslim contains approximately 5,500 - 7,500 hadith narrations in its introduction and 56 books. Kâtip Çelebi (died 1657) and Siddiq Hasan Khan (died 1890) both counted 7,275 narrations. Muhammad Fuad Abdul Baqi wrote that there are 3,033 narrations without considering repetitions. Mashhur ibn Hasan Al Salman, a student of Albanian Islamic scholar Al-Albani (died 1999), counted 7,385 total narrations, which, combined with the ten in the introduction, add up to a total of 7,395. Muslim wrote an introduction to his collection of hadith, wherein he clarified the reasoning behind choosing the hadith he chose to
2026 South Carolina elections
The 2026 South Carolina elections will be held in the state of South Carolina on November 3, 2026, alongside the nationwide midterm elections. Elections will be held for a U.S. Senate seat, governor, as well as other statewide executive offices, all 7 of the state's U.S. House of Representatives seats and all seats in the State House. Primary elections will be held on June 9, 2026, with runoff elections being held on June 23.

A solidly red state, South Carolina has consistently supported Republicans in recent decades. Democrats have not won South Carolina on the presidential level since 1976, when Jimmy Carter won most of the Deep South. Democrats have not won any statewide office in South Carolina since 2006, when Jim Rex was elected as Superintendent of Education.

Jim Rex
Jim Rex (born November 21, 1941)  is an American politician who served as the 16th South Carolina Superintendent of Education. He ran for the position in 2006 as a Democrat, against Karen Floyd, a Republican.  Rex defeated Floyd by only 455 votes, the closest margin of victory in a statewide election in South Carolina's history. He was sworn in as superintendent on January 10, 2007, replacing fellow Democrat Inez Tenenbaum. In 2014, Rex co-founded a new political party – the American Party of South Carolina, now known as the Alliance Party of South Carolina.

As of 2025, he is the last Democrat to have won a statewide election in South Carolina. While Yancey McGill briefly held the office of Lieutenant Governor from June 2014 to January 2015, he was elected by the state senators, and while Brian Gaines has been State Comptroller since 2023, that was the result of a gubernatorial appointment.
Governors Island Golf Course
Governors Island Golf Course was a military course on Governors Island in New York Harbor, New York City, approximately 800 yards (732 m) from the southern tip of Manhattan Island.  The golf course offered one of the most unusual golf experiences in New York City due to its views of the Brooklyn and Manhattan skylines, with the Statue of Liberty as a backdrop.  It was considered the only golf course in Manhattan as Governors Island is technically part of the borough.

The golf course closed in 1996, but was re-opened for a one-time golf tournament in 2006.

New York Harbor
New York Harbor is a bay that covers all of the Upper Bay. It is at the mouth of the Hudson River near the East River tidal estuary on the East Coast of the United States.

New York Harbor is generally synonymous with  Upper New York Bay, which is enclosed by the New York City boroughs of Manhattan, Brooklyn, and Staten Island and the Hudson County, New Jersey, municipalities of Jersey City and Bayonne, although in colloquial usage it can sometimes expand to cover Upper and Lower New York Bay. New York Harbor is one of the largest natural harbors in the world.
Shutoku Museum of Art
Shutoku Museum of Art (種徳美術館, Shutoku Bijutsukan) opened in Koori, Fukushima Prefecture, Japan in 1981. The collection comprises some 400 items, predominantly calligraphy and paintings of the Edo period and early Meiji era—including works by Kanō Tan'yū, Kanō Tsunenobu, Maruyama Ōkyo, Kakizaki Hakyō, Tani Bunchō, Kanō Hōgai, and Hashimoto Gahō—amassed by Tsunoda Rinbei, and donated to the town by his grandson. The museum has been closed since an earthquake in March 2021.

Maruyama Ōkyo
Maruyama Ōkyo (円山 応挙; Japanese pronunciation: [ma.ɾɯ.ja.ma (|) oꜜː.kʲo, ma.ɾɯ.ja.ma (|) oː.kʲo], June 12, 1733 – August 31, 1795), born Maruyama Masataka, was a Japanese artist active in the late 18th century. He moved to Kyoto, during which he studied artworks from Chinese, Japanese and Western sources. A personal style of Western naturalism mixed with Eastern decorative design emerged, and Ōkyo founded the Maruyama school of painting. Although many of his fellow artists criticized his work as too slavishly devoted to natural representation, it proved a success with laypeople.
Dianne Barr
Dianne Barr (born 13 September 1972) is a Northern Irish Paralympic swimmer from Larne.  Barr started swimming at the age of four, and has a congenital abnormality of the lower leg.  At the age of eleven, her lower leg was amputated and replaced with a prosthetic limb.

Barr represented Team GB & NI at the 1988 Summer Paralympic Games in Seoul, at the age of 16, winning gold in the 100m backstroke A4, the 4 × 100m medley relay and the 4 × 100m freestyle relay  with her teammates Joanne Rout, Thelma Young and Linda Walters.  She also won bronze in the 100m freestyle A4 and the 400m freestyle A4.  At the 1992 Summer Paralympic Games, Barr won bronze in the 100m backstroke S10.

In 2012, Trevor Ringland, who like Barr attended Larne Grammar School, called for more recognition for Barr's impressive achievements.

A4 (classification)
A4 is an amputee sport classification used by the International Sports Organization for the Disabled (ISOD).for people with acquired or congenital amputations.  People in this class have one leg amputated below the knee. Their amputations impact their sport performance, including having balance issues, increased energy costs, higher rates of oxygen consumption, and issues with their gait. Sports people in this class are eligible to participate in include athletics, swimming, sitting volleyball, archery, weightlifting, wheelchair basketball, amputee basketball, amputee football, lawn bowls, and sitzball.
Brett Perlini
Brett Perlini (born 14 June 1990) is a Canadian-born English ice hockey player for Cardiff Devils of the UK Elite Ice Hockey League (EIHL). His brother Brendan Perlini is currently playing with the Lausanne HC of the National League (NL).

He represented Great Britain at the 2019 IIHF World Championship, 2021 IIHF World Championship,2022 IIHF World Championship and 2024 IIHF World Championship.

2019 IIHF World Championship
The 2019 IIHF World Championship was hosted from 10 to 26 May 2019 by Slovakia. It was the second time that Slovakia has hosted the event as an independent country, as was the case in 2011. The host cities were Bratislava and Košice, as announced by the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) on 15 May 2015 in Prague, Czech Republic.

Finland won their third title by defeating Canada in the final. The Finns had 18 first-timers for the 2019 IIHF World Championship and were widely regarded as an outsider to win any medal at all. Despite this, the Finns won their third World Championship and lost only two games in the tournament (against the USA, and Germany). Russia secured the bronze medal after a penalty-shootout win over the Czech Republic. This tournament was also the first time since the 2006 IIHF World Championship that both promoted teams (Great Britain and Italy) stayed in the top division.