hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bob Sullivan (ice hockey)
Robert James Sullivan (November 29, 1957 – May 24, 2018) was a Canadian professional ice hockey winger who played 62 games in the National Hockey League for the Hartford Whalers. Prior to joining the NHL, Sullivan played in the American Hockey League and International Hockey League, winning the Dudley "Red" Garrett Memorial Award as the rookie of the year in the American Hockey League in 1981–82.

Dudley "Red" Garrett Memorial Award
The Dudley "Red" Garrett Memorial Award is given each year to the player in the American Hockey League (AHL) determined to be the most outstanding rookie.  The award is based on voting by the media and the players. It was named after Dudley "Red" Garrett, who played in the AHL before fighting and dying in World War II.
Les Rothman
Lester Rothman (August 12, 1926 — July 27, 2022) was an American professional basketball player. He played for the Chicago American Gears (one game) and Syracuse Nationals (thirteen games) in the National Basketball League during the 1946–47 season and averaged 4.5 points per game. In the American Basketball League, he played for the Paterson Crescents and Elizabeth Braves.

Rothman also had a brief minor league baseball career. In 1945 he split time between the Norfolk Tars and Wellsville Yankees.

Rothman died on July 27, 2022, at the age of 95.

Paterson Crescents
The Paterson Whirlwinds were an American basketball team based in Paterson, New Jersey that was a member of the American Basketball League.

After their first season, the team became known as the Paterson Crescents. During the 1st half of the 1930–31 season, on December 30, 1930, the team dropped out of the league. Owners were Jess Weiner and Jack Summer, both of Paterson, New Jersey. Lou Costello was a player.  Mr. Summer once met with Ed Sullivan, then a sportswriter, for advice on how to promote the team.
Alfred Du Cros
Alfred Du Cros (10 December 1868 –  21 December 1946) was a British politician. He was a Conservative Member of Parliament (MP) in 1910.

Du Cros was elected to the Commons in the January 1910 general election, succeeding the Liberal MP Stopford Brooke in the Bow and Bromley constituency. The January election had produced a hung parliament, and another general election was called in December 1910. Alfred du Cros retired at this election, and his seat was won by the Labour candidate George Lansbury.

Bow and Bromley
Bow and Bromley was a constituency in the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Located in the Metropolitan Borough of Poplar in London, it was created by the Redistribution of Seats Act for the 1885 general election and returned one Member of Parliament (MP) until it was abolished for the 1950 general election.
Exercise physiology
Exercise physiology is the physiology of physical exercise. It is one of the allied health professions, and involves the study of the acute responses and chronic adaptations to exercise. Exercise physiologists are the highest qualified exercise professionals and utilise education, lifestyle intervention and specific forms of exercise to rehabilitate and manage acute and chronic injuries and conditions.

Understanding the effect of exercise involves studying specific changes in muscular, cardiovascular, and neurohormonal systems that lead to changes in functional capacity and strength due to endurance training or strength training. The effect of training on the body has been defined as the reaction to the adaptive responses of the body arising from exercise or as "an elevation of metabolism produced by exercise".

Exercise physiologists study the effect of exercise on pathology, and the mechanisms by which exercise can reduce or reverse disease progression.

Dorando Pietri
Dorando Pietri (Italian pronunciation: [doˈrando ˈpjɛːtri]; often wrongly spelt Petri; 16 October 1885  – 7 February 1942) was an Italian long-distance runner.  He finished first in the marathon at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London but was subsequently disqualified.
WSEW
WSEW (88.7 FM; "Word 88.7") is a non-commercial educational radio station licensed to serve Sanford, Maine, United States. The station transmits from near Rochester, New Hampshire. The station is owned by Word Radio Educational Foundation.

WSEW broadcasts a Christian radio format.

Non-commercial educational station
A non-commercial educational station (NCE station) is a radio station or television station that does not accept on-air advertisements (TV ads or radio ads), as defined in the United States by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and was originally intended to offer educational programming as part, or whole, of its programming. NCE stations do not pay broadcast license fees for their non-profit uses of the radio spectrum. Stations which are almost always operated as NCE include public broadcasting, community radio, and college radio, as well as many religious broadcasting stations.
Nearly all non-commercial radio stations derive their support from listener support, grants and endowments, such as the Corporation for Public Broadcasting (CPB) that distributes supporting funds provided by Congress to support public radio.
1991 Chevrolet Classic – Singles
This was the first tournament held in 1991 at the city of Guarujá. Martín Jaite was the defending champion in last year. He did not compete this year.

Patrick Baur won the title by defeating Fernando Roese 6–2, 6–3 in the final.

Fernando Roese
Fernando Roese (born 24 August 1965) is a former professional tennis player from Brazil.

During his career Roese won one doubles title. He achieved a career-high singles ranking of No. 92 in 1992 and a career-high doubles ranking of No. 81 in 1990.
2016–17 3. Liga (Slovakia)
The 2016–17 3. Liga (Slovakia) was the 24th edition of the third tier 3. Liga (Slovakia) since its establishment in 1993. 67 teams contested being divided in four geographic groups of 16 teams each: 3. liga Bratislava, 3. liga Západ (West), 3. liga Stred (Central), 3. liga Východ (East); except for 3. liga Západ (West) which included 19 teams.

3. Liga (Slovakia)
The 3. Liga (known as TIPOS III. Liga due to sponsorship reasons) is the third-tier football league in Slovakia, established in 1993. As of the 2025–26 season, it comprises 43 teams divided into three geographical groups: 3. liga Západ (West) , 3. Liga Stredný (Middle) and 3. liga Východ (East). The league operates under the jurisdiction of the Slovak Football Association and serves as a feeder league to the 2. Liga, with top-performing teams earning promotion. Conversely, teams finishing at the bottom face relegation to the 4. Liga. The league also provides teams the opportunity to compete in the national Slovak Cup.
Ivan Surikov
Ivan Zakharovich Surikov (Russian: Ива́н Заха́рович Су́риков, April 6, 1841, Novosyolovo, Uglich, Yaroslavl, Russian Empire– May 6, 1880, Moscow) was a Russian self-taught peasant poet, best known for his folklore-influenced ballads, some of which were put to music by well-known composers (Tchaikovsky, Cui, Rimsky-Korsakov, Gretchaninov among them), while some ("Rowan", "Steppe" and others) became real folk songs.

Yaroslavl
Yaroslavl (/ˌjærəˈslævəl/; Russian: Ярославль, IPA: [jɪrɐˈsɫavlʲ]) is a city and the administrative center of Yaroslavl Oblast, Russia, located 250 kilometers (160 mi) northeast of Moscow. The historic part of the city is a World Heritage Site, and is located at the confluence of the Volga and the Kotorosl rivers. It is part of the Golden Ring, a group of historic cities northeast of Moscow that have played an important role in Russian history. The population of the city at the 2021 census was 577,279.
Roses in Autumn
Roses in Autumn (German: Rosen im Herbst) is a 1955 West German historical drama film directed by Rudolf Jugert and starring Ruth Leuwerik, Bernhard Wicki, Carl Raddatz and Lil Dagover. It is based on the 1894 novel Effi Briest by Theodor Fontane. It was shot in Eastmancolor at the Bavaria Studios in Munich. The film's sets were designed by the art director Walter Haag and Hans Kutzner. Location shooting took place around Göttingen in Lower Saxony and the island of Sylt in Schleswig-Holstein.

Eastmancolor
Eastmancolor is a trade name used by Eastman Kodak for a number of related film and processing technologies associated with color motion picture production and referring to George Eastman, founder of Kodak.

Eastmancolor, introduced in 1950, was one of the first widely successful "single-strip colour" processes, and eventually displaced the more cumbersome Technicolor. Eastmancolor was known by a variety of names, such as DeLuxe Color, Warnercolor, Metrocolor, Pathécolor, Columbiacolor, and others.

For more information on Eastmancolor, see

Color motion picture film, for background on Eastmancolor and other motion picture processes in general

Eastman Kodak Fine Grain color negative films (1950 onwards), within the "List of motion picture film stocks" article
MS Pascal Paoli
Pascal Paoli is a RoPax ferry owned and operated by SNCM. She was the last ferry built by the Van der Giessen de Noord yard. On January 5, 2016, Pascal Paoli was transferred to the Maritime Corse Méditerranée, a new entity succeeding SNCM following its takeover by the Corsican businessman Patrick Rocca. On February 3, after a technical stop at the Tunisian yards of Menzel Bourguiba, the ship arrived in Marseille without any commercial markings. At the end of May 2016, the ship received the red livery of Corsica Linea, the trademark of the Corsican consortium Corsica Maritima which merged with the MCM. The ship departed Marseille for Bastia on May 25, 2016, for its first voyage under its new colors.

Menzel Bourguiba
Menzel Bourguiba (Arabic: منزل بورقيبة, romanized: Manzil Būrgībah, lit. 'House of Bourguiba'), formerly known as Ferryville, is a town located in the extreme north of Tunisia, about 60 kilometres (37 mi) from Tunis, in the Bizerte Governorate.
Treaty of Constantinople (1479)
The Treaty of Constantinople was signed on 25 January 1479, which officially ended the sixteen-year-long war between the Republic of Venice and the Ottoman Empire. The Venetians were forced to hand over Scutari (which had been besieged by the Ottomans for many months) in Albania and the island of Lemnos and the Mani Peninsula in Greece; and acknowledge the loss of Negroponte (Euboea) and Croia. The treaty allowed a full restoration of Venetian trading privileges in the Ottoman Empire against an annual flat tax of 10,000 ducats, as well as a 100,000 ducats in arrears owed by Venetian citizens to the Porte.

Sublime Porte
The Sublime Porte, also known as the Ottoman Porte or High Porte (Ottoman Turkish: باب عالی, romanized: Bâb-ı Âlî or Babıali; Turkish pronunciation: [baːbɯˈaːliː]), was a metonymy used to refer collectively to the central government of the Ottoman Empire in Istanbul. It is particularly referred to the building which housed the office of the Grand Vizier, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Ministry of the Interior, and the Supreme Council of Judicial Ordinances. Today it houses the office of the Istanbul governerate.
Languages of Scotland
The languages of Scotland belong predominantly to the Germanic and Celtic language families.  The main language now spoken in Scotland is English, while Scots and Scottish Gaelic are minority languages. The dialect of English spoken in Scotland is referred to as Scottish English.

Burgh
A burgh (/ˈbʌrə/ BURR-ə) is an autonomous municipal corporation in Scotland, usually a city, town, or toun in Scots. This type of administrative division existed from the 12th century, when King David I created the first royal burghs. Burgh status was broadly analogous to borough status, found in the rest of the United Kingdom. Following local government reorganisation in 1975, the title of "royal burgh" remains in use in many towns, but now has little more than ceremonial value.
Overpopulation of domestic pets
In some countries, there is an overpopulation of pets such as cats, dogs, and exotic animals. In the United States, six to eight million animals are brought to shelters each year, of which an estimated three to four million are subsequently euthanized, including 2.7 million considered healthy and adoptable. Euthanasia numbers have declined since the 1970s, when U.S. shelters euthanized an estimated 12 to 20 million animals. Most humane societies, animal shelters, and rescue groups urge animal caregivers to have their animals spayed or neutered to prevent the births of unwanted and accidental litters that could contribute to this dynamic.

Humane society
A humane society is a group that aims to stop cruelty to animals. In many countries, the term is used mostly for societies for the prevention of cruelty to animals (SPCA). In the United Kingdom, and historically in the United States, such societies provide waterway rescue, prevention and recovery services, or may give awards for saving human life (e.g., Glasgow Humane Society and Massachusetts Humane Society).
Bear Lake State Park (Idaho)
Bear Lake State Park (sometimes called North Beach State Park) is a public recreation area bordering the north and eastern shores of Bear Lake in the southeast corner of Bear Lake County, Idaho, near the Utah and Wyoming state lines. The state park sits across the lake from St. Charles and is fifteen miles (24 km) south of Montpelier. Bear Lake National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to the park's north unit.

St. Charles, Idaho
St. Charles or Saint Charles is a city in southern Bear Lake County, Idaho, United States, that is located near the northwestern shore of Bear Lake. Its population was 161 at the 2020 census, up from 131 in 2010.
Baptistery of San Giovanni, Volterra
The Baptistery of San Giovanni an octagonal thirteenth-century religious building standing just in front of the Duomo of Volterra, in the center of the city. It was supposedly first built in the seventh century at the site of a Roman temple dedicated to Sun worship.

The façade is decorated with horizontal bands of white and dark green marble. The Romanesque Portal has been attributed to a follower of Nicola Pisano. The sixteenth-century altar inside has been assigned to Balsimelli da Settignano, using a design by Mino da Fiesole. It has a painting (partially damaged during World War Two of the Assumption of the Virgin by Niccolò Circignani. Beside that altar is a  marble font (1502) is by Andrea Sansovino. The Ciborium (1471) was completed by Mino da Fiesole. The baptismal font (1759) by Giovanni Vaccà. Above it rises a statue of St John the Baptist (1771) by  Giovanni Antonio Cybei. The holy water receptacle is an ancient Roman sarcophagus.

Nicola Pisano
Nicola Pisano (also called Niccolò Pisano, Nicola de Apulia or Nicola Pisanus; c. 1220/1225 – c. 1284) was an Italian sculptor whose work is noted for its classical Roman sculptural style. Pisano is sometimes considered to be the founder of modern sculpture.
Third Energy Package
The European Union's Third Energy Package is a legislative package for an internal gas and electricity market in the European Union.  Its purpose is to further open up the gas and electricity markets in the European Union. The package was proposed by the European Commission in September 2007, and adopted by the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union in July 2009.  It entered into force on 3 September 2009.

Core elements of the third package include ownership unbundling, which stipulates the separation of companies' generation and sale operations from their transmission networks,: Article 9  and the establishment of a National regulatory authority (NRA) for each Member State,: Chapter IX  and the Agency for the Cooperation of Energy Regulators (ACER) which provides a forum for NRAs to work together.

Regulatory agency
A regulatory agency (regulatory body, regulator) or independent agency (independent regulatory agency) is a government authority that is responsible for exercising autonomous jurisdiction over some area of human activity in a licensing and regulating capacity. Examples of responsibilities include strengthening safety and standards, and/or to protect consumers in markets where there is a lack of effective competition. Examples of regulatory agencies that enforce standards include the Food and Drug Administration in the United States and the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency in the United Kingdom; and, in the case of economic regulation, the Office of Gas and Electricity Markets and the Telecom Regulatory Authority in India.
Rejsekort
Rejsekort (Official translation: Travel card) is an electronic ticket system for public transport in Denmark. The system is a collaborative work between DSB, HUR, Ørestadsselskabet, and various regional bus companies, and work on it started on August 18, 2003. In June 2005, Thales Group and Accenture were chosen as suppliers.

The total cost of the system will be between €200 and €270 million.

Fare
A fare is the fee paid by a passenger for use of the public transport system: rail, bus, taxi, etc. In the case of air transport, the term airfare is often used. Fare structure is the system set up to determine how much is to be paid by various passengers using a transit vehicle at any given time. A linked trip is a trip from the origin to the destination on the transit system. Even if a passenger must make several transfers during a journey, the trip is counted as one linked trip on the system.
Andrew Lee (entrepreneur)
Andrew S. Lee (born December 1983) is an American entrepreneur and the founder of the VPN service Private Internet Access, which started in 2010. Lee has been the self-proclaimed King of the non-territorial Joseon Cybernation, recognized by Antigua and Barbuda as the successor state to Joseon and the Korean Empire in 2023,, and he is, in media, known as "Crown Prince of Korea" after being adopted by Yi Seok, a grandson of Emperor Gojong of Korea.

Successor state
A successor state is a concept in international relations regarding a sovereign state that has formed over a territory and populace that was previously under the sovereignty of another state. A successor state may or may not acquire a new international legal personality, while a continuing state (also known as a continuator or historical heir) retains the same international legal personality and all the rights and obligations of a predecessor state. The theory has its roots in 19th-century diplomacy.
2026 Oklahoma lieutenant gubernatorial election
The 2026 Oklahoma lieutenant gubernatorial election is scheduled to take place on November 3, 2026, to elect the next lieutenant governor of Oklahoma. Incumbent Matt Pinnell is term-limited and ineligible to seek a third full consecutive term.

Cindy Byrd
Cindy Byrd (born January 18, 1973) is an American accountant and politician. A certified public accountant (CPA), she has served as the Oklahoma State Auditor and Inspector since 2019.

Byrd is from Coalgate, Oklahoma. She graduated from East Central University in 1997, earning a Bachelor of Science in accounting. In 2003, she became a certified public accountant. In January 2013, Byrd became the deputy state auditor under Gary Jones. She was elected Oklahoma State Auditor in the 2018 elections. She was reelected to a second term in the 2022 elections.
Binary ethylenimine
Binary ethylenimine (BEI) is a preparation of aziridine. It can be produced by heating bromoethylamine hydrobromide or 2-aminoethyl hydrogen sulfate in the presence of sodium hydroxide (Gabriel method). It contains at least one three-membered ring which is very reactive because of the ring strain.

It is used to inactivate the foot-and-mouth disease virus in vaccines for cattle, as well as other viruses and mycoplasma in blood samples.

Contrary to early assumptions that ethylenimines only modified nucleic acids, it was found that trimeric ethylenimine also alters proteins in virus preparations, especially at higher pH values. The modification of the proteins affected viral particle uptake into cells. This should be taken into consideration when using BEI and other ethyleneimines as well.

Mycoplasma
Mycoplasma is a genus of bacteria that, like the other members of the class Mollicutes, lack a cell wall (peptidoglycan) around their cell membrane. The absence of peptidoglycan makes them naturally resistant to antibiotics such as the beta-lactam antibiotics that target cell wall synthesis. They can be parasitic or saprotrophic.

In casual speech, the name "mycoplasma" (plural mycoplasmas or mycoplasms) generally refers to all members of the class Mollicutes. In formal scientific classification, the designation Mycoplasma refers exclusively to the genus, a member of the Mycoplasmataceae, the only family in the order Mycoplasmatales (see "scientific classification"). In 2018, Mycoplasma was split with many clinically significant species moved to other genera in Mollicutes; see the page Mollicutes for an overview.
Michael Mears
Michael Mears is a British actor and writer.  He is known for such television series and films as Sharpe, The Lenny Henry Show, Andor, Fleabag, Paddington 2, Sylvia with Gwyneth Paltrow, The Oxford Murders, Parade's End with Benedict Cumberbatch, The Crown and Four Weddings and a Funeral.

Mears is also a stage actor known for such productions as William Shakespeare's Twelfth Night, Molière's The Hypochondriac, The Woman in Black as well as a two-year run with the Royal Shakespeare Company.

Mears is also known for performing in and writing BBC Radio 4 productions.

In September 2025, Mears was cast as Sir John Anderson in the upcoming film  The Man with the Plan, directed by Christine Edzard.

Sylvia (2003 film)
Sylvia is a 2003 British biographical drama film directed by Christine Jeffs and starring Gwyneth Paltrow, Daniel Craig, Jared Harris, and Michael Gambon. It tells a story based on the real-life romance between prominent poets Sylvia Plath and Ted Hughes. The film begins with their meeting at Cambridge in 1956 and ends with Sylvia Plath's suicide in 1963.
Diocese of Claudiopolis (Honorias)
Claudiopolis (Greek: Κλαυδιόπολις) was an ancient city in the Roman province of Paphlagonia (and later Honorias) in northern Asia Minor.

It was an episcopal see during Late Antiquity, and remains a titular see of the Roman Catholic Church.

Heraclea Pontica
Heraclea Pontica (/ˌhɛrəˈkliːə ˈpɒntɪkə/; Ancient Greek: Ἡράκλεια Ποντική, romanized: Hērákleia Pontikḗ; Attic Greek: [hɛːrákleːa pontikɛ́ː], Koine Greek: [(h)e̝ˈraklia pontiˈke̝]), known in Byzantine and later times as Pontoheraclea (Greek: Ποντοηράκλεια, romanized: Pontohērakleia), was an ancient city on the coast of Bithynia in Asia Minor, at the mouth of the river Lycus. The site is now the location of the modern city Karadeniz Ereğli, in the Zonguldak Province of Turkey.
Félix Gancedo
Félix Gancedo (born 18 September 1940 in Málaga, Spain) is a Spanish sailor and world-class competitor in the Snipe, Flying Dutchman, Tempest and Dragon classes.

He won the Snipe class world championship in 1973 and 1975, was second in 1981 and third in 1971. Besides, he won the European championship of the class in four occasions (1972, 1974, 1978 and 1990); the Spanish nationals fifteen times (1969, 1970, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1977, 1978, 1979, 1980, 1981, 1983, 1985 and 1990); and the Masters Worlds (1991).

In the Flying Dutchman class, he was Spanish national champion 1964, 1967 and 1968.

Masters Snipe World Championship
The Masters Snipe World Championship is an annual international sailing regatta for Snipe (dinghy), organized by the host club on behalf of the Internal Snipe Class Association and recognized by World Sailing, the sports IOC recognized governing body. The trophy awarded for the World Championship is Commodore Hub E. Isaacks and O'Leary Trophies. The class got recognised status by World Sailing in 1958.