hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Saltanishki
Saltanishki (Belarusian: Салтанішкі, romanized: Saltaniški; Russian: Солтанишки, romanized: Soltanishki) is a village in Voranava District, Grodno Region, Belarus. It is part of Girki selsoviet.

It is located 178 kilometres (111 mi) west of Minsk and 69 km (43 mi) south of Trakai. It is the birthplace of Viktar Sheyman.

Viktor Sheiman
Viktor Vladimirovich Sheiman (Belarusian: Віктар Уладзіміравіч Шэйман, romanized: Viktar Uladzimiravich Sheyman, Russian: Виктор Владимирович Шейман, romanized: Viktor Vladimirovich Sheyman; born 26 May 1958) is a Belarusian politician.

Sheiman has been a close ally of Belarusian ruler Alexander Lukashenko since Lukashenko came to power in 1994. Sheiman was Belarus’ prosecutor general in 2004. Sheiman has been sanctioned by both the European Union and the United States over the human rights abuses, including the disappearances of Lukashenko's critics.

The Pandora Papers leaks revealed that Sheiman and his family secretly owned an offshore company that was active in dealings with Zimbabwe's state-owned mining company at the same time that Sheiman was negotiating trade agreements between Belarus and Zimbabwe on behalf of the Belarusian government.
Ted Frechette
Theodore Daniel Frechette (January 4, 1940 – August 1, 2024) was a Canadian professional football player who played as a defensive back with the Edmonton Eskimos in the Canadian Football League from 1962 to 1963.

A graduate of the University of Alberta, Frechette joined the Eskimos in 1962, and on the strength of his one interception and 13 punt returns for 110 yards, won the Dr. Beattie Martin Trophy as top rookie in the west (when only Canadians were eligible for the award.) He played one more season with the Eskimos, returning 2 punts.

Dr. Beattie Martin Trophy
The Dr. Beattie Martin Trophy is a Canadian Football League award, given to the most outstanding Canadian player in the West Division.  Each team nominates a player for this award, from which the winner is chosen.  Either the winner of this trophy or the winner of the Lew Hayman Trophy will also win the Canadian Football League Most Outstanding Canadian award.

The Martin trophy is named after former Saskatchewan Roughriders president Beattie Martin.  Originally presented in 1949, it served as the Western Interprovincial Football Union's award for the outstanding Canadian rookie until 1974.  As part of the failed American expansion, the Martin trophy was awarded in 1995 to the North Division's outstanding Canadian.
2010 Open Sud de France
The 2010 Open Sud de France was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the 24th edition of the Open Sud de France, and was part of the World Tour 250 Series of the 2010 ATP World Tour. It was held at the Arena Montpellier in Montpellier, France, from 25 October through 31 October 2010. It was the first edition to be held under the new title and the first in Montpellier, after Lyon lost the tournament. The tournament marked the first time since 1993 that top level professional tennis was played in the city.

Gaël Monfils won the singles title.

Sud de France Arena
Sud de France Arena ("South of France Arena", also known as the Arena Montpellier) is an indoor arena located in the Montpellier suburb of Pérols, Hérault, in the south of France, that opened in September 2010. It has a concert seating capacity of 14,000 spectators, with about 10,000 for sporting events.
Mayoral Gallery
The Galeria Mayoral (English: Mayoral Gallery) was launched in Barcelona, Spain in 1989. The gallery has two types of exhibitions: collective shows based on a specific theme and solo exhibitions of the work of artists that are especially relevant to the history of twentieth-century and early twenty-first century.

The gallery has done exhibitions of Miró, Dalí and Picasso's work and has been exposed to Botero, Calder, Chagall, Chillida, Léger, Tàpies, and Barceló, Plensa.

The gallery participates in worldwide art fairs in Basel Hong Kong, The Armory Show New York, Art Miami, PAD London, Masterpiece London, Biennale des Antiquaires.

Alexander Calder
Alexander "Sandy" Calder (/ˈkɔːldər/; July 22, 1898 – November 11, 1976) was an American sculptor known both for his innovative mobiles (kinetic sculptures powered by motors or air currents) that embrace chance in their aesthetic, his static "stabiles", and his monumental public sculptures. Calder preferred not to analyze his work, saying, "Theories may be all very well for the artist himself, but they shouldn't be broadcast to other people." His father, Alexander Stirling Calder, and grandfather, Alexander Milne Calder, were also sculptors.
Grayson (surname)
Grayson or Greyson is a surname that is most probably either an anglicization of the Scottish or Irish clan surnames Grierson or Gray; alternatively, it can also be found in Northern England as a derivative of the English surname Gravesson, meaning "son of the reeve". It has been postulated as a Clan Gregor alias, but there is little surviving information to support this claim.

Clan Gregor
Clan Gregor, also known as Clan MacGregor,  is a Highland Scottish clan that claims an origin in the early 9th century. The clan's most famous member is Rob Roy MacGregor of the late 17th and early 18th centuries. The clan is also known to have been among the first families of Scotland to begin playing the bagpipes in the early 17th century.
Jikochū de Ikō!
"Jikochū de Ikō!" (Japanese: ジコチューで行こう!; "Let's go with selfishness") is the 21st single by Japanese idol girl group Nogizaka46. The center position of the title track is held by Asuka Saito. It was released on 8 August 2018. It reached number-one on the weekly Oricon Singles Chart with 989,000 copies sold. It was also number-one on the Billboard Japan Hot 100.

Billboard Japan Hot 100
The Billboard Japan Hot 100 is a record chart in Japan for songs. It has been compiled by Billboard Japan and Hanshin Contents Link since February 2008. The chart is updated every Wednesday at Billboard-japan.com (JST) and every Thursday at Billboard.com (UTC).

The first number-one song on the chart was "Stay Gold" by Hikaru Utada on the issue dated January 16, 2008. The first number-one song on the chart by a non-Japanese artist was "Bleeding Love" by Leona Lewis in the issue dated April 30, 2008. The current number-one on the chart as of the issue dated February 25, 2026, is "Bakuretsu Aishiteru" by M!lk.
Pablo Aranda (writer)
Pablo Aranda Ruiz (26 April 1968 – 1 August 2020) was a Spanish writer.

He was born in Málaga and studied Spanish philology at university. A tireless traveller, he worked in a number of professions, including teaching at a juvenile correctional facility and teaching Spanish at the University of Oran in Algeria.

His first novel La otra ciudad was published in 2003. It won the Premio de la Crítica Andaluza for best first novel and was also nominated for the Premio Primavera. His other works include Desprendimiento de rutina (Arguval, 2003) which won the Premio Diario Sur para Novela Corta and Ucrania (Destino, 2006) which won the Premio Málaga.

In 2012, he made his first foray into children’s literature, with his book Fede quiere ser pirata (Anaya, 2012) which won the Premio de Literatura Infantil Ciudad de Málaga. He followed up with a sequel El colegio más raro del mundo (Anaya, 2014). His last work was the novel El protegido (Malpaso, 2015).

Oran University 1
The Oran University 1 Ahmed Ben Bella (Arabic: جامعة وهران 1 أحمد بن بلة, French: Université d'Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella), formally known as Es Senia University, is a university located in Es Sénia in the south suburb of Oran in the wilaya of Oran. It was established in November 1961 as part of the University of Algiers. On April 13, 1965, it was made a separate campus, and on December 20, 1967, it became an independent university. It was the first university established after the independence of Algeria.
2026 Open Occitanie
The 2026 Open Occitanie was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor hardcourts. It was the 39th edition of the event, and part of the ATP Tour 250 series of the 2026 ATP Tour. It took place at the Arena Montpellier in Montpellier, France, from 2–8 February 2026.

ATP 250 tournaments
The ATP 250 tournaments are the lowest tier of annual men's tennis tournaments on the main ATP Tour, after the four Grand Slam tournaments, ATP Finals, ATP Masters 1000 tournaments, and ATP 500 tournaments. The winners of each tournament are awarded 250 ranking points—which accounts for the name of the series.

As of 2026, the series included 30 tournaments after the retirement of four tournaments (Atlanta, Córdoba, Lyon and Metz), the downgrade of two in 2025 (Estoril for a year, and Newport) and the upgrade of three tournaments to the 500 level (Dallas, Doha and Munich). Draws usually consist of 28 for singles, with Brisbane International (32) and Winston-Salem Open (48) being the only exceptions. Doubles draws consist of 16 teams.

Thomas Muster holds the record for most singles titles at 26, while Mike Bryan holds the record for most doubles titles won with 46.
One More Tomorrow (film)
One More Tomorrow is a 1946 American drama film directed by Peter Godfrey and written by Charles Hoffman and Catherine Turney (additional dialogue by Julius J. Epstein and Philip G. Epstein) from the play The Animal Kingdom by Philip Barry. The film, starring Ann Sheridan, Dennis Morgan, Jack Carson, Alexis Smith, Jane Wyman and Reginald Gardiner. It was released by Warner Bros. Pictures on June 1, 1946. A pre-code 1932 film, The Animal Kingdom, is also based on the play.

Catherine Turney
Catherine Turney (December 26, 1906 – September 9, 1998) was an American writer and screenwriter. Born in Chicago, Illinois, she was active from the 1930s to the 1970s. She was one of the first women writers to become a contract worker at Warner Brothers, where she worked from 1943 to 1948 on films such as The Man I Love, A Stolen Life, and My Reputation.
Great Gatsby Curve
The Great Gatsby Curve describes the positive empirical relationship between cross-sectional income inequality and persistence of income across generations. The scatter plot shows a correlation between income inequality in a country and intergenerational income mobility (the potential for its citizens to achieve upward mobility).

At the cross-country level, the Great Gatsby Curve was recognized early by Hassler, Mora, and Zeira, Andrews and Leigh, Björklund and Jäntti, and Corak, but the research was popularized by late professor and Chairman of the Council Economic Advisers Alan Krueger during his speech at the Center for American Progress in 2012 and the President's Economic Report to Congress. Krueger dubbed the positive relationship between inequality and persistence, the "Great Gatsby curve", and he introduced it into popular and political discussion.

Income distribution
In economics, income distribution covers how a country's total GDP is distributed amongst its population. Economic theory and economic policy have long seen income and its distribution as a central concern. Unequal distribution of income causes economic inequality which is a concern in almost all countries around the world.
New Salem
New Salem is the name of several places:

In Canada:

New Salem, Nova Scotia

In the United States:

Lincoln's New Salem, a recreated former frontier village in Menard County, Illinois

New Salem, Pike County, Illinois

New Salem Township, McDonough County, Illinois

New Salem Township, Pike County, Illinois

New Salem, Rush County, Indiana

New Salem, Washington County, Indiana

New Salem, Kansas

New Salem, Massachusetts

New Salem, Michigan

New Salem, New York

New Salem, North Dakota

New Salem, Ohio

New Salem, Pennsylvania, a borough in York County

New Salem, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania

New Salem-Buffington, Pennsylvania

New Salem, Fayette County, Pennsylvania, a census-designated place

New Salem, Texas

New Salem, North Dakota
New Salem is a city in Morton County, North Dakota, United States. It is part of the "Bismarck, North Dakota Metropolitan Statistical Area" or "Bismarck-Mandan". New Salem is approximately 24 miles west of Mandan and 31 miles west of Bismarck. The population was 973 at the 2020 census, and was estimated to be 1,158 in 2025. New Salem was founded in 1883.
Jaba Bregvadze
Jaba Bregvadze (born 24 April 1987) is a Georgian rugby union player. His position is hooker. Who plays for Georgian club Black Lion.

Bregvadze played for Stade Toulousain in the Top 14 and Worcester Warriors. Currently he plays for Kubota Spears in Japan Rugby League One. He also plays for the Georgia national team. He played for Georgia in the 2011 Rugby World Cup and the 2015 Rugby World Cup.

Kubota Spears
Kubota Spears Funabashi Tokyo Bay (commonly known as the Kubota Spears) is a Japanese rugby union team based in Funabashi, Chiba participating in the Japan Rugby League One. The team rebranded as Kubota Spears Funabashi Tokyo Bay ahead of the rebranding of the Top League as the Japan Rugby League One in 2022.
Battle of Määritsa
The Battle of Määritsa (Estonian: Määritsa lahing), or the Battle of Osula (Estonian: Osula lahing), took place in Osula village, at that time in Võru County, Estonia. It began on the night of 31 March 1946, involving members of the Forest Brothers and Soviet occupation forces. Seven Estonian fighters based at the Hindrik farmhouse were besieged by up to 300 Soviet soldiers. The battle lasted about seven hours before the farmhouse caught fire and the Soviets demanded that the rebels surrender. Only two fighters managed to escape alive from the farmhouse, but were subsequently killed in battle with the besiegers.

Võru County
Võru County (Estonian: Võru maakond or Võrumaa; Võro: Võro maakund) is a county in southern Estonia. It is bordered by Valga and Põlva counties, Latvia's Alūksne and Ape municipalities, and Russia's Pskov Oblast (making it the only Estonian county to border two countries).

The territory of Võrumaa covers 2,305 km2 (890 sq mi) and is influenced by a temperate seasonal climate. In 2022, Võru County had a population of 34,182, 2.6% of the total population in Estonia. The county is subdivided into 12 rural municipalities and one urban municipality, the county capital, Võru.
Philander P. Humphrey
Philander P. Humphrey (February 26, 1823 – August 18, 1862) was an American physician and politician.

Born in Torrington, Connecticut, Humphrey was trained as a physician at Oberlin College. In 1852, Humphrey moved to Red Wing, Minnesota Territory. In 1857, Humphrey served in the Minnesota Territorial Council. On August 18, 1862, Humphrey, his wife, and two of their children were killed in the Battle of Lower Sioux Agency, where he was the physician for the Sioux Tribe.

As the attack began, Humphrey, his wife and their three children were among the civilians who had escaped towards Fort Ridgely 14 miles away. They were overtaken and killed while in flight. Only his twelve-year-old son, who had been sent to get water for his mother, survived and eventually reached the fort.

Minnesota Territory
The Territory of Minnesota was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from March 3, 1849, until May 11, 1858, when the eastern portion of the territory was admitted to the Union as the state of Minnesota and the western portion became unorganized territory and shortly after was reorganized as part of the Dakota Territory.
Escape sequence
In computing, an escape sequence is a sequence of characters that has a special semantic meaning based on an established convention that specifies an escape character prefix in addition to the syntax of the rest of the text of a sequence. A convention can define any particular character code as a sequence prefix. Some conventions use a normal, printable character such as backslash (\) or ampersand (&). Others use a non-printable (a.k.a. control) character such as ASCII escape.

Escape sequences date back at least to the 1874 Baudot code.

Syntax
In linguistics, syntax (/ˈsɪntæks/ SIN-taks) is the study of how words and morphemes well-formed combine to form larger units such as phrases and sentences. Central concerns with syntax include word order, grammatical relations, hierarchical sentence structure (constituency), agreement, the nature of crosslinguistic variation, and the relationship between form and meaning (semantics). Diverse approaches, such as generative grammar and functional grammar, offer unique perspectives on syntax, reflecting its complexity and centrality to understanding human language.
Ultrafast laser spectroscopy
Ultrafast laser spectroscopy is a category of spectroscopic techniques using ultrashort pulse lasers for the study of dynamics on extremely short time scales (attoseconds to nanoseconds). Different methods are used to examine the dynamics of charge carriers, atoms, and molecules. Many different procedures have been developed spanning different time scales and photon energy ranges; some common methods are listed below.

Optical parametric amplifier
An optical parametric amplifier, abbreviated OPA, is a laser light source that emits light of variable wavelengths by an optical parametric amplification process. It is essentially the same as an optical parametric oscillator, but without the optical cavity (i.e., the light beams pass through the apparatus just once or twice, rather than many many times).
ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media
The ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media (previously ACM conference on Hypertext and hypermedia, ACM Hypertext)  is one of the oldest international conference series on the crossroads of Human-Computer Interaction and Information Science. The full list of conferences in the series can be found on the Association for Computing Machinery Hypertext Web page, and papers are available through the ACM Digital Library.

Information science
Information science (abbreviated as infosci) is an academic field that is primarily concerned with the analysis, collection, classification, manipulation, storage, retrieval, movement, dissemination, and protection of information. Practitioners within and outside the field engage in the study of knowledge application and usage in organizations. Additionally, they examine the interaction between people, organizations, and any existing information systems. The objective of this study is to create, replace, improve, or understand the information systems.
Jaak Nanilson
Jaak Nanilson (1880 – 16 August 1924 near Abja, Viljandi County) was an Estonian politician. He was a member of II Riigikogu. He was a member of the Riigikogu since 22 March 1924. He replaced Alice Leevald. On 19 August 1924, he resigned his position and he was replaced by Boris Kumm. He was assassinated by communist activists in 1924.

2nd Riigikogu
The 2nd Riigikogu was the second legislature of the Estonian Parliament (Riigikogu). It was elected in the 1923 elections, held on 5–7 May 1923, and sat from 31 May 1923 until 14 June 1926, before the next elections took place.
Ukrina
Ukrina (Cyrillic: Укрина) is a river in the Central Bosnia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, right tributary of the river Sava. Its mouth is  3 km north from settlement Koraće and 10 km southwest of Brod.

Ukrina is produced by the merging of Mala Ukrina (Small Ukrina) and Velika Ukrina (Great Ukrina) in the village of Kulaši in the municipality of Prnjavor. The length of Ukrina of origin Great Ukrina (Lukavac) is 119.3 km, and the surface area of the basin is 1504 km².

Bosnia (region)
Bosnia (Serbo-Croatian: Bosna / Босна, pronounced [bɔ̂sna]) is the northern region of Bosnia and Herzegovina, encompassing roughly 81% of the country; the other region, the southern part, is Herzegovina.

The two regions have formed a geopolitical entity since medieval times, and the name "Bosnia" commonly occurs in historical and geopolitical senses as generally referring to both regions (Bosnia and Herzegovina). The official use of the combined name started only in the late period of Ottoman rule.
Navy Yard–Ballpark station
Navy Yard–Ballpark station (also known by its former name, Navy Yard) is a Washington Metro station in Washington, D.C., on the Green Line. The station is located in the Navy Yard/Near Southeast neighborhood of Southeast, with entrances on M Street at Half Street and New Jersey Avenue.

M Street (Washington, D.C.)
38°54′20″N 77°02′29″W﻿ / ﻿38.9056494°N 77.0414223°W﻿ / 38.9056494; -77.0414223

The name "M Street" refers to two major roads in the United States capital of Washington, D.C. Because of the Cartesian coordinate system used to name streets in Washington, the name "M Street" can be used to refer to any east–west street located twelve blocks north or south of the dome of the United States Capitol (not thirteen blocks, as there is no J Street). Thus, in all four quadrants of the city there are streets called "M Street", which are disambiguated by quadrant designations, namely, M Street NW, NE, SW, and SE.
Boath Assembly constituency
Boath Assembly constituency is a constituency of the Telangana Legislative Assembly in India. It is one of two constituencies in Adilabad district. It comes under the Adilabad Lok Sabha constituency along with six other Assembly constituencies. Jadhav Anil Kumar  of Telangana Rashtra Samithi is currently representing the constituency.

Telangana Legislative Assembly
The Telangana Legislative Assembly (ISO: Telangāṇa Śāsana Sabha) is the lower house of the Telangana Legislature. The Legislative Assembly of Telangana currently consists of 119 elected members.

The members of the Vidhana Sabha are directly elected by people through adult franchise. Each constituency elects one member of the assembly. Members are popularly known as M.L.A.s. The assembly is elected using the simple plurality or "first past the post" electoral system. The elections are conducted by the Election Commission of India.
Bolacalıkoyuncu
Bolacalıkoyuncu is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Silifke, Mersin Province, Turkey. Its population is 971 (2022). The village is situated on the state highway D.400. It is almost merged to Taşucu a town to the west. The distance to Silifke is 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) and to Mersin is 91 kilometres (57 mi). The name of the village is composed of two words. Bolacalı refers to a cross bred goat (Boer goat and a local breed from Van)  and koyuncu means sheepman. But the village economy depends mostly on fruit and vegetable farming.

Van, Turkey
Van is a city in eastern Turkey's Van Province, on the eastern shore of Lake Van. It is the capital and largest city of Van Province.

Van has a long history as a major urban area. It has been a large city since the first millennium BCE, initially as Tushpa, the capital of the kingdom of Urartu from the 9th century BCE to the 6th century BCE, and later as the center of the Armenian kingdom of Vaspurakan. Turkic presence in Van and in the rest of Anatolia started as a result of Seljuk victory at the Battle of Malazgirt (1071) against the Byzantine Empire.

Van was densely populated by Armenians until the Armenian genocide in the 1910s. Today, it is mostly inhabited by Kurds.
Kalkatungu
The Kalkadoon (properly Kalkatungu) are descendants of an Indigenous Australian tribe living in the Mount Isa region of Queensland. Their ancestral tribe has been called "the elite of the Aboriginal warriors of Queensland". In 1884 they were massacred at "Battle Mountain" by settlers and police.

Mayabic languages
Mayabic, or Mayi, is a small family of extinct Australian Aboriginal languages of Queensland. They were once classified as Paman, but now as a separate branch of Pama–Nyungan.

The languages are:

Mayi-Kutuna, Mayi-Kulan (incl. Mayi-Thakurti, Mayi-Yapi), Ngawun (incl. Wunumara)

According to Dixon (2002), Wunumara may have been a dialect of Ngawun or of Mayi-Kulan, which may have been a single language. Bowern (2011 [2012]), however, lists all six of the above as separate languages.