hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Moralia in Job (British Library, Add MS 31031)
British Library, Add MS 31031 is an 8th-century illuminated copy of Gregory the Great's Moralia in Job, books I–V.  The codex is missing the last folio and ends in the words  "et singuli tota".  The manuscript is written in Merovingian script on vellum.  It has 145 folios.  The manuscript has colored initials and titles.  In the 15th century it belonged to Ottobeuren Abbey in Bavaria.

Ottobeuren Abbey
Ottobeuren is a Benedictine abbey, located in Ottobeuren, near Memmingen in the Bavarian Allgäu, Germany.

For part of its history Ottobeuren Abbey was one of the approximately 40 self-ruling imperial abbeys of the Holy Roman Empire and, as such, was a virtually independent state. At the time of its dissolution in 1802, the imperial abbey covered 266 square kilometers and had about 10,000 subjects.
KXGM (FM)
KXGM (89.1 MHz, "Air 1") is an FM radio station licensed to serve Hiawatha, Iowa, United States. The station is owned by Educational Media Foundation. It airs a Christian worship music format.

The station was assigned the KWOF-FM call letters by the Federal Communications Commission on July 17, 2002 and changed its call letters to KXGM-FM on August 8, 2008, to reflect the new ownership. The station changed to its current KXGM call sign on March 25, 2015.

Hiawatha, Iowa
Hiawatha is a city in Linn County, Iowa, United States. It is a suburb located in the northwestern side of Cedar Rapids and is part of the Cedar Rapids Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 7,183 at the time of the 2020 census, an increase from 6,480 in 2000.
Bahram Jung Mosque
The Bahram Jung Mosque (Tamil: பஹ்ராம் ஜங் மஸ்ஜித்), also known as the Nandanam Mosque, is a Sunni mosque located in the Nandanam neighbourhood of Chennai, in the state of Tamil Nadu, India. The mosque was constructed between 1789 and 1795 by Muhammad Abdullah Qadir Nawaz Khan Bahadur Bahram Jung, a poet in the court of Muhammad Ali Khan Wallajah, the Nawab of the Carnatic.

Bahram Jung and his younger brother, Hafiz Ahmad Khan, who constructed the Hafiz Ahmad Khan Mosque, incurred huge expenses on part of the Carnatic state that on the death of Wallajah's successor, Umdat ul-Umara, the lands belonging to the brothers were confiscated by the East India Company.

Completed in the Mughal style, the architecture of the mosque reflects the grandeur of Islamic design during the Mughal period. The mosque has many intricate carvings and ornate decorations.

The mosque is situated adjacent to Anna Salai, an arterial road.

Carnatic Sultanate
The Carnatic Sultanate, also known as Carnatic State or Arcot State, was a kingdom in southern India between about 1690 and 1855, ruled by a Muslim nawab under the legal purview of the Nizam of Hyderabad, until their demise. They initially had their capital at Arcot in the present-day Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Their rule is an important period in the history of the Carnatic and Coromandel Coast regions, in which the Mughal Empire gave way to the rising influence of the Maratha India, and later the emergence of the British India.
Alexandria Town
Alexandria Town (born July 6, 1995) is a Canadian freestyle wrestler, competing in the 57 kg weight class. In November 2018, Alex became the first ever Canadian to win a gold medal at the U23 World Championships. She has also secured Canada a place at the 2019 Pan Am Games by winning the bronze medal at 2018 Pan American Wrestling Championships.

In March 2020 she won the women's 59 kg title at the 2020 Pan American Wrestling Championships in Ottawa, Canada, followed by a silver medal in the 57 kg division at the 2021 Pan American Wrestling Championships in Guatemala City, Guatemala.

In October 2021, she was eliminated in her first match in the women's 57 kg event at the 2021 World Wrestling Championships in Oslo, Norway.

She won a bronze medal in her event at the 2022 Pan American Wrestling Championships held in Acapulco, Mexico, making her a 4x Pan American medalist.

She won the gold medal in her event at the 2023 Ibrahim Moustafa Tournament held in Alexandria, Egypt.

2018 Pan American Wrestling Championships
The 2018 Pan American Wrestling Championships was held in Lima, Peru, from 3 to 6 May 2018.

The top three countries in the 18 weight categories scheduled to be held at the 2019 Pan American Games (also in Lima) qualified for the games.
Juraj Majdan
Juraj Majdan (born 20 August 1991) is a Slovak professional ice hockey player currently playing for HK Poprad of the Slovak Extraliga.

He played in the Czech Extraliga with HC Litvínov from 2009 to 2015. He also played for Slovak teams HC '05 Banská Bystrica, HKM Zvolen, HK Nitra, HK Dukla Michalovce and HK Spišská Nová Ves. He joined HC Košice on May 29, 2019.

Slovak Extraliga
The Slovak Extraliga, known as the Tipsport liga since the 2025–26 season for sponsorship reasons, is the highest-level ice hockey league in Slovakia. From 2018–19 to 2020–21, the league included one or two teams from Hungary.

Teams from the Extraliga can participate in the IIHF's annual Champions Hockey League (CHL). Participation is based on the strength of the various leagues in Europe (excluding the KHL). In the 2022–23 CHL season, the Extraliga was ranked the No. 10 league in Europe, so the champion of the previous season competed in the CHL.

The 1993–94 season was the first of the Slovak Extraliga following the peaceful dissolution of Czechoslovakia midway through the 1992–93 Czechoslovak Extraliga season – which all Slovak and Czech teams played to completion.
Morchella vulgaris
Morchella vulgaris is a widespread fungus of the family Morchellaceae (Ascomycota). It was originally described in 1801 as a form of the common yellow morel (Morchella esculenta) by mycologist Christiaan Hendrik Persoon, but was later recombined as a distinct species by Samuel Gray.

Owing to its high morphological plasticity, its taxonomical status had long been in flux, sometimes treated as a variety of, or conspecific to Morchella esculenta, while at the same time several forms and varieties of M. vulgaris itself have been described. An extensive phylogenetic and nomenclatural study by Richard and colleagues in 2014, confirmed the status of Morchella vulgaris as a distinct species, and resolved several of its synonymities.

This species is characterised by the predominantly grey colours of its cap and "blistered", highly irregular appearance of its ridges and pits.

Pileus (mycology)
In mycology, the pileus (pl.: pilei) is the cap or cap-like part of a basidiocarp or ascocarp (fungal fruiting body) that supports a spore-bearing surface, the hymenium. The hymenium (hymenophore) may consist of lamellae, tubes, or teeth, on the underside of the pileus. A pileus is characteristic of agarics, boletes, some polypores, tooth fungi, and some ascomycetes.

The word pileus comes from the Latin for a type of felt cap.
Way Out Alliance
The Way Out Alliance (Armenian: «Ելք» դաշինք, ԵԼՔ; YELK Dashink, YELQ) or Yelk Alliance or simply Yelk or Way Out was a liberal political alliance of three political parties in Armenia: Civil Contract, Bright Armenia and the Hanrapetutyun Party. It was formed on 12 December 2016, before the 2017 Armenian parliamentary election. Its leaders were Edmon Marukyan (leader of Bright Armenia), Nikol Pashinyan (leader of Civil Contract), and Aram Sargsyan (leader of Hanrapetutyun and former Prime Minister of Armenia). The alliance was dissolved on 12 September 2018 after its constituent parties agreed to participate in the 2018 parliamentary elections separately.

Prime Minister of Armenia
The prime minister of Armenia (Armenian: Հայաստանի Հանրապետության վարչապետ, romanized: Hayastani Hanrapetut’yan varch’apet) is the head of government and most senior minister within the Armenian government, and is required by the constitution to "determine the main directions of policy of the Government, manage the activities of the Government and coordinate the work of the members of the Government." Also, according to the constitution, the prime minister heads the Security Council, which prescribes the main directions of the country's defense policy; thus, the prime minister is effectively the commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces of Armenia. Nikol Pashinyan is the current prime minister. He took the office on 8 May 2018 following the resignation of Serzh Sargsyan.
Bitconnect
Bitconnect (stylized bitconnect and also spelled BitConnect, ticker code BCC) was an open-source cryptocurrency from 2016 to 2018 that was connected with a high-yield investment program, a type of Ponzi scheme. After the platform administrators closed the earning platform on January 16, 2018, and refunded the users' investments in BCC following a 92% coin value crash, confidence was lost and the value of the coin plummeted to below $1 from a previous high of nearly $525.

High-yield investment program
A high-yield investment program (HYIP) is a type of Ponzi scheme, an investment scam that promises unsustainably high return on investment by paying previous investors with the money invested by new investors.
Human resources in Saudi Arabia
Nationalization (Saudization) was introduced in Saudi Arabia in June 2011 by the Ministry of Labor to replace foreign workers with Saudi nationals. Companies in the private sector have quotas by Nitaqat for their Saudisation levels. In accordance with the Saudi Arabia Central Department of Statistics and Information (CDSI), unemployment rates of Saudi nationals decreased to 11.7% in 2015. It was 5.9% among men and 32.5% among women.

Saudi Arabia introduced the Hafiz program in 2011 which have benefited a million unemployed Saudis nationals. The Hafiz program, which pays unemployed Saudis SR2,000 ($600) a month for up to one year, was announced by King Abdullah in late 2011.

Ministry of Human Resources and Social Development
The Ministry of Human Resources and Social Development (HRSD; Arabic: وزارة الموارد البشرية والتنمية الاجتماعية) is a government ministry in Saudi Arabia. It was established in 2019 after merging Ministry of Labour and Social Development with Ministry of Civil Service. It is responsible for community development, as well as overseeing labor affairs. The current Minister is Ahmed al-Rajhi who was appointed in June 2018.
2014 Asian Junior Badminton Championships – Boys doubles
The Boys' Doubles tournament of the 2014 Asian Junior Badminton Championships was held from February 19–23 in Taipei, Taiwan. The defending champion of the last edition were the Chinese pair Li Junhui and Liu Yuchen. Last year finalist Huang Kaixiang / Zheng Siwei who standing in the first seeded this year, emerge as the champion after beat the South Korean pair the second seeded Kim Jae-hwan / Kim Jung-ho in the finals with the score 21–16, 21–14. Japanese pairs Kenya Mitsuhashi / Yuta Watanabe and Hashiru Shimono / Kanta Tsuneyama finished in the semi-finals round, settle for the bronze medal.

Li Junhui
Li Junhui (Chinese: 李俊慧, born 10 May 1995) is a Chinese badminton player. He was the gold medalist at the 2018 World Championships in the men's doubles event partnered with Liu Yuchen, two times won the gold medal at the Asian Championships in 2017 and 2018, and was a silver medalist at the 2020 Summer Olympics. Li was part of the national team that won the 2018 Asian Games, 2018 Thomas Cup, and 2019 Sudirman Cup.
Arenca Trashani
Arenca Trashani (born 20 June 1973 in Shkodër) has been a member of the Assembly of the Republic of Albania for the Democratic Party of Albania  during 2005 – 2013 from the Shkodër County.

She served as Minister of European Integration during 2005 – 2007.

Democratic Party of Albania
The Democratic Party of Albania (Albanian: Partia Demokratike e Shqipërisë, PDSH), also known as the Democratic Party (Albanian: Partia Demokratike, PD), is a conservative political party in Albania. It has been the largest opposition party in the country since 2013, and is one of the two major parties in Albanian politics along with the Socialist Party.

The Democratic Party of Albania was founded in 1990 as a strongly anti-communist party with the majority of its followers being from politically persecuted dissidents of the Communist dictatorial regime of Enver Hoxha. In international relations, it is an associate member of the European People's Party and a full member of International Democracy Union.
Omoglymmius tolai
Omoglymmius tolai is a species of beetle in the subfamily Rhysodidae. It was described by R.T. Bell and J.R. Bell in 1985. It is known from New Britain (Bismarck Archipelago, Papua New Guinea).

Omoglymmius tolai measure 6.7–7.2 mm (0.26–0.28 in) in length.

New Britain
New Britain (Tok Pisin: Niu Briten) is the largest island in the Bismarck Archipelago, part of the Islands Region of Papua New Guinea. It is separated from New Guinea by a northwest corner of the Solomon Sea (or with an island hop of Umboi the Dampier and Vitiaz Straits) and from New Ireland by St. George's Channel. The main towns of New Britain are Rabaul/Kokopo and Kimbe.  The island is roughly the size of Taiwan.

When the island was part of German New Guinea, its name was Neupommern ("New Pomerania").  In common with most of the Bismarcks it was largely formed by volcanic processes, and has active volcanoes including Ulawun (highest volcano nationally), Langila, the Garbuna Group, the Sulu Range, and the volcanoes Tavurvur and Vulcan of the Rabaul caldera. A major eruption of Tavurvur in 1994 destroyed the East New Britain provincial capital of Rabaul. Most of the town still lies under metres of ash, and the capital has been moved to nearby Kokopo.
Günther Merkel
Günther Merkel is a retired East German slalom canoeist who competed from the late 1950s to the late 1960s. He won seven medals at the ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships with six golds (C-2: 1961, 1963, 1965, C-2 team: 1961, 1963, 1967) and a silver (Mixed C-2: 1959).

1965 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships
The 1965 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships were held in Spittal an der Drau, Austria under the auspices of International Canoe Federation for the second time in a row after hosting the event previously in 1963. It was the 9th edition. It also marked some changes in which the folding kayak events were replaced by standard kayaks for the men's and women's events. Additionally, the mixed C2 team event returned for the first time since 1957.
Waterhead, Cumberland
Waterhead is a civil parish in the Cumberland district, Cumbria, England.  At the 2011 census it had a population of 130.

The east and south boundaries of the parish are largely formed by the River Irthing.  The area of the parish is 1,838.88 hectares (7.1000 sq mi).  Part of the village of Gilsland lies in the parish, while some of the village is in Northumberland.

A section of Hadrian's Wall, with Birdoswald Roman fort, and the related Hadrian's Wall Path both lie within the parish, near its southern border.

There is a parish council, the lowest tier of local government.

The B6318 road from Langholm to Gilsland passes through the parish.

River Irthing
The River Irthing is a river in Cumbria, England and a major tributary of the River Eden. The name is recorded as Ard or Arden in early references. For the first 15 miles of its course it defines the border between Northumberland and Cumbria.
Hottah terrane
The Hottah terrane is a Paleoproterozoic terrane in the northwestern end of the Canadian Shield which is exposed near Hottah Lake, Northwest Territories.  It is a belt of multi-deformed metasedimentary and metavolcanic rocks intruded by a series of diorite to granite plutons.
Forming the western part of the Wopmay orogenic system, the 1.9 Ga (billion years ago) Hottah terrane is separated from the Archean rocks of the orogen by the north-trending Wopmay fault zone and overprinted by the 1.875–1.85 Ga Great Bear magmatism.

Diorite
Diorite (/ˈdaɪ.əraɪt/ DY-ə-ryte) is an intrusive igneous rock formed by the slow cooling underground of magma (molten rock) that has a moderate content of silica and a relatively low content of alkali metals. It is intermediate in composition between low-silica (mafic) gabbro and high-silica (felsic) granite.

Diorite is found in mountain-building belts (orogens) on the margins of continents. It has the same composition as the fine-grained volcanic rock, andesite, which is also common in orogens.

Diorite has been used since prehistoric times as decorative stone. It was used by the Akkadian Empire of Sargon of Akkad for funerary sculptures, and by many later civilizations for sculptures and building stone.
Erik von Holst
Erik von Holst (30 August 1894, in Vaivara Parish, Estonia – 31 May 1962, in Eutin, West Germany) was an Estonian/German sailor and ice sailor who represented Estonia in the 1936 Summer Olympics in the men's olympic monotype class. He also designed and constructed the International Monotype-XV ice yacht.

Estonia at the 1936 Summer Olympics
Estonia competed at the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin, Germany. It was the nation's fifth consecutive appearance at the Games since 1920, and also the last time prior to World War II. As the country was, after 1940, occupied by the Soviet Union, Nazi Germany, and the subsequent re-annexation by the Soviet Union, the next time Estonia was able to participate in the Summer Olympics as an independent nation came only with the 1992 Summer Olympics.
Alexander von Humboldt Foundation
The Alexander von Humboldt Foundation (German: Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung) is a foundation that promotes international academic cooperation between scientists and scholars from Germany and abroad. Established by the government of the Federal Republic of Germany, it is funded by the Federal Foreign Office, the Federal Ministry of Education and Research, the Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development, and other national and international partners.

Federal Foreign Office
The Federal Foreign Office (German: Auswärtiges Amt, pronounced [ˈaʊsˌvɛʁtɪɡəs ˈʔamt] ⓘ; abbreviated AA) is the foreign ministry of the Federal Republic of Germany, a federal agency responsible for both the country's foreign policy and its relationship with the European Union. It is a cabinet-level ministry. Since May 2025, Johann Wadephul has served as Foreign Minister, succeeding Annalena Baerbock. The primary seat of the ministry is at the Werderscher Markt square in the Mitte district, the historic centre of Berlin.

The term Auswärtiges Amt was the name of the Foreign Office established in 1870 by the North German Confederation, which then became the German Empire's Foreign Office in 1871. It is still the name of the German foreign ministry today. From 1871 to 1919, the Foreign Office was led by a Foreign Secretary, and since 1919, it has been led by the Foreign Minister of Germany.
Erica Dambach
Erica Marie Dambach (née Walsh; born November 16, 1975) is an American college soccer coach who is the head coach of the Penn State Nittany Lions women's soccer team. She led Penn State to the 2015 national championship. She is a two-time NSCAA Coach of the Year, winning the award in 2012 and 2015.

2015 NCAA Division I women's soccer tournament
The 2015 NCAA Division I women's soccer tournament (also known as the 2015 Women's College Cup) was the 34th annual single-elimination tournament to determine the national champion of NCAA Division I women's collegiate soccer. The semi-finals and championship game were played at WakeMed Soccer Park in Cary, North Carolina from December 4–6, 2015 while the preceding rounds were played at various sites across the country during November 2015. The champion was Penn State, who defeated Duke 1–0 in the final.
Trade unions in South Korea
The Ministry of Employment and Labor announced on December 30, 2021, that as of 2020, 14.2% of workers were in trade unions in South Korea, a 1.7% increase from 12.5% in 2019. Korea's unionization rate peaked in 1989 at 19.8% and fell to 10% 2004.

There are two national trade union centres in South Korea: the Federation of Korean Trade Unions (FKTU) and the Korean Confederation of Trade Unions (KCTU).  In 2007, the FKTU had 1,153,863 members (41.1% of trade unionists in Korea), the KCTU had 1,134,056 members (40.4%), and 516,714 workers were members of independent trade unions affiliated to neither national centre. South Korea scored 5 on the Global Rights Index (GRI) by the International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC), which signifies "no guarantee of rights".

International Trade Union Confederation
The International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC; French: Confédération syndicale international, CSI; German: Internationaler Gewerkschaftsbund, IGB; Spanish: Confederación Sindical Internacional, CSI) is the world's largest trade union federation.
Jack Leslie
Jack Leslie is the name of:

Jack Leslie (English footballer) (1901–1988), football player for Plymouth Argyle F.C.

Jack Leslie (Australian footballer) (born 1995), plays for Gold Coast

Jack Leslie (politician) (1920–2010), Canadian politician and businessman

Sir John Leslie, 4th Baronet (1916–2016)

Jack Leslie (public relations executive), American public relations executive

Sir John Leslie, 4th Baronet
Captain Sir John Norman Ide Leslie, 4th Baronet (6 December 1916 – 18 April 2016), also known as Jack Leslie, was an Anglo-Irish baronet, soldier, and television presenter. He was the eldest son of Sir John Randolph Leslie, 3rd Baronet (also known as Shane Leslie), and Marjorie Ide. He inherited the baronetcy following his father's death in 1971.
Christ Church, Great Ayton
Christ Church is the parish church of Great Ayton, a village in North Yorkshire, in England.

From the Saxon period to the early 19th century, All Saints' Church, Great Ayton was the local parish church.  Between 1876 and 1877, a replacement was built on a new site, with All Saints becoming a mortuary chapel.  It was designed by John Ross and Robert Lamb, in a 14th-century Gothic style. Nikolaus Pevsner describes the building as "restless composition, and an uninteresting interior".  It was grade II listed in 1966.

The church is built of sandstone with a Welsh slate roof, and is in Decorated style.  It has a cruciform plan, consisting of a nave, a west narthex, north and south aisles, a south porch, a north transept steeple, and a chancel.  The steeple has a tower with two stages, angle buttresses, traceried bell openings, and a broach spire with bands of red sandstone and lucarnes.  Inside are preserved three pre-Conquest stones, brought from All Saints.

Steeple
In architecture, a steeple is a tall tower on a building, topped by a spire and often incorporating a belfry and other components. Steeples are very common on Christian churches and cathedrals and the use of the term generally connotes a religious structure. They might be stand-alone structures, or incorporated into the entrance or center of the building.
Agallis
Agallis (Ancient Greek: Ἀγαλλίς; called Anagallis Ancient Greek: Ἀναγαλλίς by the Suda) of Corcyra was a female grammarian who wrote about Homer.  She, or her father, was a student of Aristophanes of Byzantium.

According to Athenaeus, she argued that ball games were invented by Nausicaa.  Two scholiasts on the Iliad quote an argument that the two cities that Homer describes on the Shield of Achilles represented Athens and Eleusis; one attributes this to "Agallias of Corcyra", the other to "Dalis of Corcyra".  Some scholars believe that Agallias was Agallis' father; others that it is an error and Agallis was the source of this argument.

Agallis is sometimes incorrectly described as a philosopher.  This derives from the misconception that Ptolemy's Life of Aristotle was dedicated to her; it is now known to have been dedicated to a man named Gallus.

Suda
The Suda or Souda (/ˈsuːdə/; Medieval Greek: Σοῦδα Soûda [ˈsuða]; Latin: Suidae Lexicon) is a large 10th-century Byzantine encyclopedia of the ancient Mediterranean world, formerly attributed to an author called Soudas (Σούδας) or Souidas (Σουίδας). It is an encyclopedic lexicon, written in Greek, with 30,000 entries, many drawing from ancient sources that have since been lost, and often derived from medieval Christian compilers.