hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Network entropy
In network science,  the network entropy is a disorder measure derived from information theory to describe the level of randomness and the amount of information encoded in a graph. It is a relevant metric to quantitatively characterize real complex networks and can also be used to quantify network complexity

Topological entropy
In mathematics, the topological entropy of a topological dynamical system is a nonnegative extended real number that is a measure of the complexity of the system. Topological entropy was first introduced in 1965 by Adler, Konheim and McAndrew. Their definition was modelled after the definition of the Kolmogorov–Sinai, or metric entropy. Later, Dinaburg and Rufus Bowen gave a different, weaker definition reminiscent of the Hausdorff dimension. The second definition clarified the meaning of the topological entropy: for a system given by an iterated function, the topological entropy represents the exponential growth rate of the number of distinguishable orbits of the iterates. An important variational principle relates the notions of topological and measure-theoretic entropy.
Birch Bay State Park
Birch Bay State Park is a 194-acre (79 ha) Washington state park located nine miles (14 km) south of Blaine in Whatcom County. The park has 8,255 feet (2,516 m) of saltwater shoreline on Birch Bay and 15,000 feet (4,600 m) of freshwater shoreline along Terrell Creek. Recreational opportunities include camping, picnicking, fishing, hiking, crabbing, clamming, and boating.

Blaine, Washington
Blaine is a city in Whatcom County, Washington, United States. The city's northern boundary is the Canada–U.S. border; the Peace Arch international monument straddles the border of both countries. It is the fourth largest incorporated city within the Bellingham Metropolitan Area. The population was 5,884 at the 2020 census. As Blaine is located adjacent to the border with Canada, it is the northernmost city on Interstate 5.
1997 Falkland Islands general election
The Falkland Islands general election of 1997 was held on Thursday 9 October 1997 to elect members to the Legislative Council. Eight Councillors were elected through universal suffrage using block voting, five from the Stanley constituency and three from the Camp constituency.

It was the first election to take place after a constitutional amendment came into force, which redistributed the representation in the constituencies, giving an additional seat to Stanley and removing one from Camp. The amendment also modified voter eligibility.

Legislative Council of the Falkland Islands
The Legislative Council of the Falkland Islands (sometimes referred to as LEGCO) was the unicameral legislature of the Falkland Islands from 13 November 1845 until 1 January 2009. The new constitution came into force in 2009 and replaced the Legislative Council with the Legislative Assembly of the Falkland Islands.
The Return of the Condor Heroes (Singaporean TV series)
The Return of the Condor Heroes is a Singaporean television series adapted from Louis Cha's novel of the same title. It was broadcast from 2 June to 27 July 1998 on TCS Channel 8 in Singapore and was later released on other Asian television networks.

Jin Yong
Louis Cha Leung-yung GBM OBE (Chinese: 查良鏞; 10 March 1924 – 30 October 2018), better known by his pen name Jin Yong (Chinese: 金庸), was a  Chinese-language wuxia novelist and co-founder of Ming Pao. Cha authored 15 novels between 1955 and 1972 and became one of the most popular Chinese writers of all time, with over 100 million copies sold globally—excluding widespread pirated editions. Cha's novels, which have been adapted into numerous TV dramas, films, and video games, are esteemed for their literary quality and universal appeal, resonating with both scholarly and popular audiences.
O Smach
O Smach (Khmer: អូរស្មាច់, Or Smăch, pronounced [ʔou.smac]) (also spelled O'Smach or Ou Smach) is a small Cambodian town on the Thai border in Samraong Municipality of Oddar Meanchey Province, situated north of the city of Samraong. Until 1999, there were intermittent battles, and the area was unsafe as the last remaining Khmer Rouge still had control of nearby Anlong Veng. In 2003, an international border crossing was opened between O Smach and the adjacent town of Chong Chom in Thailand's Surin Province. There has since opened a strip of casinos between the Cambodian and Thai passport control counters, enabling Thais to gamble in Cambodia without needing to go through Cambodian immigration. Gambling is illegal in Thailand and gambling in Cambodia is legal only for foreign passport holders. O Smach is at the northern terminus of Road 68 which turns north off National Highway 6 at Kravanh in Siem Reap Province.

Anlong Veng District
Anlong Veng (Khmer: អន្លង់វែង, Ânlông Vêng [ɑnluŋ ʋɛːŋ]) is a district (srok) in Oddar Meanchey province in Cambodia. The main town in the district is also called Anlong Veng. The population of the district could not be counted during the 1998 census of Cambodia due to ongoing conflict during the time of the census. It is estimated that 35% of the population in Anlong Veng were former Khmer Rouge soldiers including the Maoist dictator Pol Pot (Saloth Sâr).
Farogh Naseem
Mohammad Farogh Naseem (Urdu: محمد فروغ نسیم) is a Pakistani politician and barrister  who served as the Federal Minister of Law and Justice until 2 April 2022. He is serving as member of the Senate of Pakistan. He has previously served as Advocate General of Sindh.

Advocate general
An advocate general of a state is a senior officer of the law. In some common law and hybrid jurisdictions the officer performs the function of a legal advisor to the government, analogous to attorneys general in other common law and hybrid jurisdictions. By contrast, in the European Union and some continental European jurisdictions, the officer is a neutral legal advisor to the courts.
1953 Queensland state election
Elections were held in the Australian state of Queensland on 7 March 1953 to elect the 75 members of the state's Legislative Assembly. The Labor government was seeking its eighth continuous term in office since the 1932 election. It was the first electoral test for Vince Gair, who had become Premier of Queensland 14 months earlier after the death of Ned Hanlon.

Premier of Queensland
The premier of Queensland is the head of government in the Australian state of Queensland.

By convention, the premier is the leader of the party with a parliamentary majority in the Legislative Assembly of Queensland. The premier is appointed by the governor of Queensland.

The incumbent premier is David Crisafulli.
Jaekelocarpus
Jaekelocarpus is a genus of mitrate stylophoran known from the Morrowan age of the Golf Course Formation, southern Oklahoma, US. It possessed two billaterally symmetrical complexes of four internal bars. The morphological similarity of these structures to the gill bars of cephalochordates and enteropneusts is considered a likely indicator of their homology.

Stylophora
The Stylophora are an extinct class of paleozoic echinoderms, comprising the cornutes, the mitrates, and the basal ceratocystids. It is synonymous with the subphylum Calcichordata. Their unusual appearances have led to a variety of very different reconstructions of their anatomy, how they lived, and their relationships to other organisms.

Stylophorans have played a major role in debates over the origin of chordates, as under the calcichordate hypothesis they were interpreted as being stem-group chordates. However, multiple lines of evidence argue against the calcichordate hypothesis, and stylophorans are now widely agreed to belong to the echinoderm total group. Debate remains over whether they are stem-group echinoderms which predate the origin of radial symmetry, or highly modified descendants of radially symmetric echinoderms.
Kaechon station
Kaech'ŏn station is a railway station in Kaech'ŏn municipal city, South P'yŏngan province, North Korea, on the Manp'o Line of the Korean State Railway; it is also the starting point of the Kaech'ŏn Line to Sinanju, of the Choyang Colliery Line to Choyang Colliery and the Chunhyŏk Line to Chunhyŏngri.

Kaech'ŏn station is an important station in terms of both passenger and freight trains.

Korean State Railway
The Korean State Railway is the operating arm of the Ministry of Railways of North Korea (Korean: 조선민주주의인민공화국 철도성; MR: Chosŏn Minjujuŭi Inmin Konghwaguk Ch'ŏltosŏng), commonly called the State Rail (Korean: 국철; MR: Kukch'ŏl). Its headquarters are in P'yŏngyang. The current Minister of Railways is Chang Jun-song.
Alicia + Keys World Tour
The Alicia + Keys World Tour was the sixth concert tour by American singer and songwriter Alicia Keys in support of her seventh and eighth studio albums Alicia (2020) and Keys (2021). This is Keys' first global tour since her 2013 Set the World on Fire Tour. The tour started on June 9, 2022, at the Utilita Arena in Birmingham, England, and is set to conclude on May 19, 2023, at the Telmex Auditorium in Mexico,  South America, after 59 concerts in 20 countries and 3 continents. Recordings from the concerts in São Paulo, Buenos Aires, Santiago, Bogotá and Mexico City were released as digital live albums. The tour earned nearly $35 million from 51/59 shows in 2022. Keys performed 8 shows as part of the Latin American leg in 2023.

Arena Birmingham
Utilita Arena Birmingham (previously known as Arena Birmingham, The Barclaycard Arena, originally as the National Indoor Arena and still commonly called The NIA) is an indoor arena and sporting venue in central Birmingham, England. It is owned by parent company the NEC Group. When it was opened in 1991, it was the largest indoor arena in the UK.

The arena is located alongside the Birmingham Canal Navigations Main Line's Old Turn Junction and opposite the National Sea Life Centre in Brindleyplace. The building straddles the main Birmingham to Wolverhampton Intercity railway line (originally the Stour Valley Line), but does not have a station of its own. There are three adjoining car parks with a total of 2,156 spaces. Close to the arena is The ICC which is also owned by the NEC Group.

It is currently the fourth-largest indoor arena in the United Kingdom by capacity. In 2019, the arena had ticket sales of 530,597, which was the 4th highest in the United Kingdom.
Ariel Marx
Ariel Marx is an American multi-instrumentalist and composer of music for film and television. She earned Emmy nominations in 2023 for her score for National Geographic's miniseries A Small Light, and in 2025 for her scores for the Hulu miniseries Dying for Sex and the Netflix anthology series Black Mirror.

Candy (miniseries)
Candy (released internationally as Candy: A Death in Texas) is an American biographical crime drama television miniseries created by Nick Antosca and Robin Veith. The series stars Jessica Biel as the real-life Candy Montgomery, who was accused of the axe murder of her neighbor, Betty Gore (played by Melanie Lynskey) in 1980, in Texas. It premiered on May 9, 2022, on Hulu, with a new episode for five nights until May 13. The miniseries received generally positive reviews from critics. It was nominated for Outstanding Main Title Design at the 74th Primetime Creative Arts Emmy Awards.
Brahui people
The Brahui (Brahui: براہوئی,[braːhʋiː, braːhu.iː]), Brahvi, or Brohi are an ethnolinguistic group of pastoralists principally found in the Balochistan region of Pakistan, and to a smaller extent in Afghanistan and Iran. They speak Brahui, which belongs to the Dravidian language family.

Iranian languages
The Iranian languages, or the Iranic languages, are a branch of the Indo-Iranian languages in the Indo-European language family that are spoken natively by the Iranian peoples, mainly in the Iranian Plateau.

The Iranian languages are grouped in three stages: Old Iranian (until 400 BCE), Middle Iranian (400 BCE – 900 CE) and New Iranian (since 900 CE). The two directly attested Old Iranian languages are Old Persian (from the Achaemenid Empire) and Old Avestan (the language of the Avesta). Avesta predates Old Iranian language, Old Avestan (c. 1500 – 900 BCE) and Younger Avestan (c. 900 – 400 BCE). Of the Middle Iranian languages, the better understood and recorded ones are Middle Persian (from the Sasanian Empire), Parthian (from the Parthian Empire), and Bactrian (from the Kushan and Hephthalite empires).
Jari Ilola
Jari Ilola (born 24 November 1978) is a Finnish former professional footballer who played for Finnish clubs Rovaniemen Palloseura (RoPS), HJK Helsinki, as well as for Swedish club IF Elfsborg. Ilola was part of the HJK squad that qualified for the 1998–99 UEFA Champions League group stage as the first and the only Finnish club ever to this date.

At international level, he made 30 appearances scoring one goal for the Finland national team.

He is currently the sporting director of his former club RoPS in Ykkönen.

Finland national football team
The Finland national football team (Finnish: Suomen jalkapallomaajoukkue, Swedish: Finlands fotbollslandslag) represents Finland in men's international football competitions and is controlled by the Football Association of Finland, the governing body for football in Finland, which was founded in 1907. The team has been a member of FIFA since 1908 and a UEFA member since 1957.

Finland had never qualified for a major tournament until securing a spot at UEFA Euro 2020. After decades of average results and campaigns, the nation made progress in the 2000s, achieving notable results against established European teams and reaching a peak of 33rd in the FIFA World Rankings in 2007. Afterward, their performances and results declined, drawing them to their all-time low of 110th in the FIFA Rankings in 2017. Seven years after their all-time low in the FIFA Rankings, as of October 2025, they sit at 72nd place in the overall ranking.
CKY-FM
CKY-FM (102.3 MHz) is a commercial radio station in Winnipeg, Manitoba, branded as KiSS 102.3.  The station airs a hot adult contemporary format, switching to Christmas music for much of November and December.  It is owned by Rogers Radio, a division of Rogers Sports & Media, which also owns sister station 92.1 CITI-FM. The studios are in Osborne Village south of Downtown Winnipeg.

CKY-FM is a Class C station.  It has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 70,000 watts (100,000 watts maximum).   The transmitter is off St. Mary's Road in Duff Roblin Provincial Park near Saint Germain.

Duff Roblin Provincial Park
Duff Roblin Provincial Park was designated a provincial park by the Government of Manitoba in 2008. The park is .57 square kilometres (0.22 sq mi) in size. The park is considered to be a Class V protected area under the IUCN protected area management categories.
Richelieu (Province of Canada electoral district)
Richelieu was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly of the Parliament of the Province of Canada, in Canada East, in the Richelieu River valley, north-east of Montreal.  It was created in 1841 and was based on the previous electoral district of the same name for the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada. It was represented by one member in the Legislative Assembly.

The electoral district was abolished in 1867, upon the creation of Canada and the province of Quebec.

Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada
The Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada was the lower house of the bicameral structure of provincial government in Lower Canada until 1838. The legislative assembly was created by the Constitutional Act of 1791. The lower house consisted of elected legislative councilors who created bills to be passed up to the Legislative Council of Lower Canada, whose members were appointed by the governor general.

Following the Lower Canada Rebellion, the lower house was dissolved on March 27, 1838, and Lower Canada was administered by an appointed Special Council. With the Act of Union in 1840, a new lower chamber, the Legislative Assembly of Canada, was created for both Upper and Lower Canada which existed  until 1867, when the Legislative Assembly of Quebec was created.
2023–24 County Antrim Shield
The 2023–24 County Antrim Shield was the 135th edition of the County Antrim Shield, a cup competition in Northern Irish football.

Larne won the tournament for the 4th time and 4th consecutive season, defeating Glentoran 2–1 in the final.

County Antrim Shield
The County Antrim & District Football Association Senior Shield (more commonly known as the County Antrim Shield) is a football competition in Northern Ireland. The competition is open to senior teams who are members of the North East Ulster Football Association (also known as the County Antrim & District Football Association) (membership of which extends geographically beyond County Antrim itself), often plus intermediate teams who qualify via the Steel & Sons Cup, depending on the numbers required. For the 2010–11 and 2011-12 seasons, only the winners took part.

The current Shield holders are Carrick Rangers, who beat Cliftonville 4-2 on penalties in the 2025–26 final, winning the trophy for the first time since the 1992–93 season.
Slab Cabin Run
Slab Cabin Run is an 11.2-mile-long (18.0 km) tributary of Spring Creek in Centre County, Pennsylvania in the United States.

Slab Cabin Run joins Spring Creek at Houserville.

Water from Slab Cabin Run flows via Spring Creek to Bald Eagle Creek, the West Branch Susquehanna River, the Susquehanna River, and ultimately Chesapeake Bay.

Houserville, Pennsylvania
Houserville is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Centre County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is part of the State College, Pennsylvania Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 1,814 at the 2010 census.
Coniston Group
The Coniston Group is a Silurian lithostratigraphic group (a sequence of rock strata) in the southern Lake District and north-west Pennines of northern England. The name is derived from the small town of Coniston in Cumbria. The rocks of the Group have also previously been referred to as the Coniston Grits or Coniston Grits Formation and Coniston Subgroup. The group comprises sandstones and siltstones and some laminated hemipelagites which achieve a thickness of between 1400 and 1900m. Overlain by the Bannisdale Formation of the Kendal Group and underlain by the Wray Castle Formation of the Tranearth Group, it is divided into several formations. These are, in ascending order (oldest first): Wray Castle, Gawthwaite, Latrigg, Poolscar, Moorhow (or Moorhowe) and Yewbank.

Stratum
In geology and related fields, a stratum (pl.: strata) is a layer of rock or sediment characterized by certain lithologic properties or attributes that distinguish it from adjacent layers from which it is separated by visible surfaces known as either bedding surfaces or bedding planes. Prior to the publication of the International Stratigraphic Guide, older publications have defined a stratum as being either equivalent to a single bed or composed of a number of beds; as a layer greater than 1 cm in thickness and constituting a part of a bed; or a general term that includes both bed and lamina. Related terms are substrate and substratum (pl.substrata), a stratum underlying another stratum.
Yossi Shekel
Yossi Shekel (Hebrew: יוסי שקל; born 24 September 1984) is an Israeli footballer who plays for Maccabi Ironi Ashdod.

He previously played for FC Kairat, Hapoel Petah Tikva, Hapoel Nazareth Illit, Maccabi Herzliya, Hapoel Kfar Saba, Maccabi Be'er Sheva, Bnei Yehuda and Beitar Shimshon Tel Aviv. At international level, he played nine times for the Israeli under-21 team.

Hapoel Nof HaGalil F.C.
Hapoel Nof HaGalil Football Club (Hebrew: מועדון כדורגל הפועל נוף הגליל, romanized: Moadon Kaduregel Hapoel Nof HaGalil; Arabic: هبوعيل نوف هچليل) is an Israeli professional football club based in Nof HaGalil. The club was formally known by the name "Nazareth Illit" until 2019 (the club accordingly was named as Hapoel Nazareth Illit F.C.). The club currently plays in Liga Leumit.
Gražina (opera)
Gražina is a Lithuanian-language opera in four acts by Jurgis Karnavičius (composer) to a libretto by Kazys Inčiūra after the poem by Adam Mickiewicz. The opera premiered on February 16, 1933, in the then capital Kaunas at the State Theatre as the first Lithuanian opera in independent Lithuania. At the premiere conducted by Mykolas Bukša and directed by Petr Oleka, the role of Gražina was sung by Vladislava Grigaitienė and Liutauras by Kipras Petrauskas.

Kaunas State Musical Theatre
The Kaunas State Musical Theatre, formerly Kaunas City Theatre, is a theatre in Kaunas, Lithuania. It is home to a musical theatre company of the same name, established on 27 November 1940 in the former State Theatre hall on the Laisvės Alėja.
It's Not You, It's Men
It's Not You, It's Men is an American talk show series starring Tyrese Gibson and Rev Run that premiered on Oprah Winfrey Network on January 23, 2016. The show features conversations with various celebrities focusing on topics related to marriage, sex and relationships. In March 2016, Tyrese announced that the show has been officially cancelled.

Joseph Simmons
Joseph Ward Simmons (born November 14, 1964), better known by the stage name Run,  Rev. Run or DJ Run, is an American rapper, producer, DJ, and television personality. Simmons is one of the founding members of the influential hip hop group Run-DMC. He is also a practicing minister, known as Reverend Run.

He found new popularity in 2005 with his family's MTV reality show Run's House.
Walton High School, Milton Keynes
Walton High is a large academy school with two campuses located in the Walnut Tree and Brooklands areas of eastern Milton Keynes in Buckinghamshire, England. Walton High’s sixth form centre, Post-16, is one of the more successful in the area on some measures, attracting pupils from across Milton Keynes.

As of January 2018 there were 1,923 pupils. By 2022, Walton High is expected to grow to be one of the largest schools in the country with 3,000 pupils across both campuses.

The school has consistently good Ofsted reports: in 2018 it was rated "Good".

The school was previously a specialist Business and Enterprise College and had foundation status. Walton High converted to academy status on 1 July 2011, becoming the founding member of the Milton Keynes Education Trust (MKET) – the first multi-academy trust established in Milton Keynes.

Business and Enterprise College (United Kingdom specialist schools programme)
Business and Enterprise Colleges (BECs) were introduced in 2002 as part of the 2011-defunct Specialist Schools Programme in England. The system enabled secondary schools to specialise in certain fields. Schools that successfully applied to the Specialist Schools Trust and became Business and Enterprise Colleges received extra funding for applied business teaching from this joint private sector and government scheme. Business and Enterprise Colleges act as a local point of reference for other schools and businesses in the area, with an emphasis on promoting enterprise and commercial awareness within the community.

Ever since the Specialist Schools Programme's discontinuation in 2011, schools can currently become BECs through the Dedicated Schools Grant or by becoming an academy.
Capillaria hepatica
Capillaria hepatica is a parasitic nematode which causes hepatic capillariasis in rodents and numerous other mammal species, including humans. The life cycle of C. hepatica may be completed in a single host species. However, the eggs, which are laid in the liver, must mature outside of the host body (in the environment) prior to infecting a new host. Death and decomposition of the host in which the adults reach sexual maturity are necessary for completion of the life cycle.

Parenchyma
Parenchyma (/pəˈrɛŋkɪmə/) is the bulk of functional substance in an animal organ such as the brain or lungs,  or a structure such as a tumour. In zoology, it is the tissue that fills the interior of flatworms. In botany, it is some layers in the cross-section of the leaf.