hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ecash
Ecash was conceived by David Chaum as an anonymous cryptographic electronic money or electronic cash system in 1982. It was realized through his corporation Digicash and used as micropayment system at one US bank from 1995 to 1998.

Micropayment
A micropayment is a financial transaction involving a very small sum of money and usually one that occurs online. Several micropayment systems were proposed and developed in the mid-to-late 1990s, which were ultimately unsuccessful. A second generation of micropayment systems emerged in the 2010s.

While micropayments were initially envisioned to involve very small sums of money, practical systems to allow transactions of less than US$1 have seen little success. One problem that has prevented the emergence of micropayment systems is the need to keep costs for individual transactions low, which is impractical when transacting such small sums even if the transaction fee is just a few cents.
Structuralism (philosophy of science)
In the philosophy of science, structuralism[α] (also known as scientific structuralism or as the structuralistic theory-concept) asserts that all aspects of reality are best understood in terms of empirical scientific constructs of entities and their relations, rather than in terms of concrete entities in themselves.

Patrick Suppes
Patrick Colonel Suppes (/ˈsuːpiːz/; March 17, 1922 – November 17, 2014) was an American philosopher who made significant contributions to philosophy of science, the theory of measurement, the foundations of quantum mechanics, decision theory, psychology and educational technology. He was the Lucie Stern Professor of Philosophy Emeritus at Stanford University and until January 2010 was the Director of the Education Program for Gifted Youth also at Stanford.
Kim Chol
Kim Chol (Korean: 김철, c. 1960 – 2012), worked as a Vice Minister in the North Korean Army. He was allegedly purged and executed in spectacular fashion for "drinking and carousing" during the period of mourning for Kim Jong Il.

South Korean media reported that he was exploded by mortar bombardment, and not shot by firing squad. However, Foreign Policy observed the claims probably originated from gossip and noted that stories about violent deaths of North Korean elites tend to be "exaggerated."

Kim was one of 14 senior party, military, and government officials who were purged during Kim Jong Un's consolidation of power.

Foreign Policy
Foreign Policy is an American news publication founded in 1970 focused on global affairs, current events, and domestic and international policy. It produces content daily on its website and app, and in four print issues annually.

Foreign Policy magazine and ForeignPolicy.com are published by The FP Group, a division of Graham Holdings Company (formerly The Washington Post Company). The FP Group also produces FP Events, Foreign Policy's events division, launched in 2012.
Rostokino (Little Ring of the Moscow Railway)
Rostokino (Russian: Ростокино) was a railway station of the Little Ring of the Moscow Railway. It is named after the Rostokino district where it is located. It was opened in 1908.
It was used by freight trains only although there was also passenger traffic in the middle of 20th century. In September 2016, the station of the Moscow Central Circle was opened.

The station buildings were constructed in 1905—1906 by architect Alexander Pomerantsev. They have a protected status. Pomerantsev was responsible for most of the station buildings of the Little Ring of the Moscow Railway, and he essentially developed three different projects. In particular, the design of the Rostokino station buildings was earlier used for Ugreshskaya and is also similar to Lefortovo stations.

Alexander Pomerantsev
Alexander Nikanorovich Pomerantsev (Russian: Александр Никанорович Померанцев; 11 November 1849 — 27 October 1918) was a Russian architect and educator responsible for some of the most ambitious architectural projects realized in Imperial Russia and Bulgaria at the turn of the 20th century. An accomplished eclecticist, Pomerantsev practiced Art Nouveau, Byzantine, Russian Revival styles and collaborated with leading structural engineers of his period in creating new types of commercial buildings.
Hanitriniaina Rakotondrabé
Hanitriniaina Rivosoa Rakotondrabé (born 1 January 1967) is a retired Malagasy sprinter who specialized in the 100 meters.

She reached the semi-finals in the 60 metres at the World Indoor Championships in 1997 and 1999. She also competed at the World Championships in 1995, 1997 and 1999 as well as the 2000 Summer Olympics without progressing from the heats.

Rakotondrabé won the 100 m at the Antananarivo Francophone Games on 3 September 1997.

Her personal best time was 11.32 seconds, achieved in May 1996 in Dijon. This is the current Malagasy record, held jointly with Lalao Ravaonirina. She also co-holds the national record of 43.61 seconds in 4 x 100 metres relay, which was achieved at the 2000 Summer Olympics. She won the 100 meters at the 1998 and 2003 Indian Ocean Island Games.

1997 IAAF World Indoor Championships
The 6th IAAF World Indoor Championships in Athletics were held at the Palais Omnisports de Paris-Bercy in Paris, France from March 7 to March 9, 1997. It was the first athletic championships to introduce women's pole vault. There were a total number of 712 participating athletes from 118 countries.
Colorado River Union High School District
The Colorado River Union High School District (also known as CRUHSD) is the high school district in Bullhead City, Arizona, USA, and surrounding areas. It operates three high schools, River Valley High School and Mohave High School, and CRUHSD Academy. As well as an event center: CRUHSD Anderson Auto Group Fieldhouse. The district's high schools have a combined enrollment of 1,755 students.

The Superintendent of the Colorado River Union High School District is Dr. Tim Richard

Its schools serve students from the Bullhead City Elementary School District and Mohave Valley Elementary School District.

Bullhead City Elementary School District
Bullhead City School District #15  is a public school district based in Mohave County, Arizona. The superintendent of the Bullhead City School District #15 is Dr. Carolyn Stewart

In addition to Bullhead City, the district includes the Katherine census-designated place.
2020 African Express Airways Embraer EMB 120 crash
The 2020 African Express Airways Embraer EMB 120 crash was an aviation accident involving an African Express Airways Embraer EMB 120 Brasilia that was on approach to Berdale on a chartered cargo flight from Baidoa Airport, Somalia on 4 May 2020 when it was allegedly shot down by ground troops of the Ethiopian National Defense Force. All 6 occupants, four non-revenue passengers and two crew, were killed. The  plane was carrying medical supplies to assist with the COVID-19 pandemic in Somalia, as well as mosquito nets.

Ethiopian National Defense Force
The Ethiopian National Defense Force (ENDF) (Amharic: የኢፌዴሪ መከላከያ ሰራዊት, romanized: Ye'īfēdērī mekelakeya šerawīt, lit. 'FDRE Defense Force') is the combined military force of Ethiopia. ENDF is consisted of 8 command forces which is controlled by Defense Commanders council chaired by Chief of General Staff.
Quail-thrush
A quail-thrush is a bird of the genus Cinclosoma, which contains eight species. Quail-thrushes are in a different family from either quails or thrushes, but bear some superficial resemblance to them. The genus is found in Australia and New Guinea in a variety of habitats ranging from rainforest to deserts. The genus is closely related to the jewel-babblers of New Guinea. Seven species were recognised in 2007. A molecular study published in 2015 by Gaynor Dolman and Leo Joseph resulted in the splitting of the chestnut-backed quail-thrush into the chestnut quail-thrush of eastern Australia and the copperback quail-thrush in the west.

Thrush (bird)
The thrushes are a passerine bird family, Turdidae, with a worldwide distribution. The family was once much larger before biologists reclassified the former subfamily Saxicolinae, which includes the chats and European robins, as Old World flycatchers. Thrushes are small to medium-sized ground living birds that feed on insects, other invertebrates, and fruit. Some unrelated species around the world have been named after thrushes due to their similarity to birds in this family.
Thematic Apperception Test
The Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) is a projective psychological test developed during the 1930s by Henry A. Murray and Christiana D. Morgan at Harvard University. Proponents of the technique assert that subjects' responses, in the narratives they make up about ambiguous pictures of people, reveal their underlying motives, concerns, and the way they see the social world. Historically, the test has been among the most widely researched, taught, and used of such techniques.

Object relations theory
Object relations theory is a school of thought in psychoanalytic theory and psychoanalysis centered around theories of stages of ego development. Its concerns include the relation of the psyche to others in childhood and the exploration of relationships between external people, as well as internal images and the relations found in them. Adherents to this school of thought maintain that the infant's relationship with the mother primarily determines the formation of their personality in adult life. Attachment is the bedrock of the development of the self, i.e. the psychic organization that creates one's sense of identity.
This World, Then the Fireworks
This World, Then the Fireworks is a 1997 American crime drama film directed by Michael Oblowitz and starring Billy Zane, Gina Gershon, and Sheryl Lee. The screenplay is based on a short story of the same name by Jim Thompson.

Gina Gershon
Gina L. Gershon (/ˈɡɜːrʃɒn/; born June 10, 1962) is an American actress and singer. She has starred in such films as Cocktail (1988), Red Heat (1988), Showgirls (1995), Bound (1996), Face/Off (1997), The Insider (1999), Demonlover (2002), P.S. I Love You (2007), Five Minarets in New York (2010), Killer Joe (2011), and House of Versace (2013). She has also had supporting roles in FX's Rescue Me and HBO's How to Make It in America. Additionally, she portrayed Jughead's mom Gladys Jones on The CW teen drama series Riverdale and Lauren Bloom's mother Jeanie Bloom on the NBC medical series New Amsterdam.
Haejang-guk
Haejang-guk (Korean: 해장국) or hangover soup refers to every kind of guk or soup eaten as a hangover cure in Korean cuisine. It means "soup to chase a hangover" and is also called sulguk (술국). It usually consists of dried napa cabbage, vegetables and meat in a hearty beef broth. One type of haejangguk, seonjiguk, includes sliced congealed ox blood (similar to black pudding), and another type, sundaeguk, includes blood sausage made with intestine stuffed with pig's blood and other ingredients.

Blood sausage
A blood sausage is a sausage filled with blood that is cooked or dried and mixed with a filler until it is thick enough to solidify when cooled. Most commonly, the blood of pigs, sheep, lamb, cow, chicken, or goose is used.

In Europe and the Americas, typical fillers include meat, fat, suet, bread, cornmeal, onion, chestnuts, barley, oatmeal, and buckwheat. On the Iberian Peninsula and in Latin America and Asia, fillers are often made with rice. Sweet variants with sugar, honey, orange peel, and spices are also regional specialties.

In many languages, a general term such as blood sausage (American English) is used for all sausages that are made from blood, whether or not they include non-animal material such as bread, cereal, and nuts. Sausages that include such material are often referred to with more specific terms, such as black pudding in English. Other varieties of blood sausage include boudin rouge (Creole and Cajun), rellena or moronga (Mexico), and sanganel (Friuli).
Monique Hanotte
Henriette Hanotte MBE (10 August 1920 – 20 February 2022), also known as Monique Hanotte, was a Belgian resistance member during World War II. From the age of nineteen, she aided the escape of nearly 140 airmen from occupied Belgium into France as part of the Comet Line. She was given the codename 'Monique' by the British War Office, a name she then used throughout her life.

Belgian Resistance
The Belgian Resistance (French: Résistance belge, Dutch: Belgisch verzet) collectively refers to the resistance movements opposed to the German occupation of Belgium during World War II. Within Belgium, resistance was fragmented between many separate organizations, divided by region and political stances. The resistance included both men and women from both Walloon and Flemish parts of the country. Aside from sabotage of military infrastructure in the country and assassinations of collaborators, these groups also published large numbers of underground newspapers, gathered intelligence and maintained various escape networks that helped Allied airmen trapped behind enemy lines escape from German-occupied Europe.

During the war, it is estimated that approximately five percent of the national population were involved in some form of resistance activity, while some estimates put the number of resistance members killed at over 19,000; roughly 25 percent of its "active" members.
Fast & Furious Crossroads
Fast & Furious Crossroads is a 2020 racing action role-playing game developed by Slightly Mad Studios and published by Bandai Namco Entertainment. Based on the Fast & Furious franchise, the game bridges the story between the films The Fate of the Furious (2017), Hobbs & Shaw (2019), and F9 (2021). The game was scheduled for release on PlayStation 4, Windows, and Xbox One in May 2020, but was delayed to August 7 as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Upon release, the game received negative reviews from critics.

Bandai Namco Entertainment
Bandai Namco Entertainment Inc. is a Japanese multinational video game publisher, and the video game branch of the wider Bandai Namco Holdings group. Founded in 2006 as Namco Bandai Games Inc., it is the successor to Namco's home and arcade video game business, as well as Bandai's former equivalent division. Development operations were spun off into a new company in 2012, Namco Bandai Studios, now called Bandai Namco Studios.

Bandai Namco Entertainment owns several multi-million video game franchises, including Pac-Man,  Tekken, Soulcalibur, Tales, Ace Combat, Taiko no Tatsujin, The Idolmaster, Ridge Racer, Dark Souls, .hack and Little Nightmares. Pac-Man himself serves as the official mascot of the company. The company also owns the licenses to several Japanese media franchises, such as Shonen Jump, Gundam, Kamen Rider, Super Sentai, Sword Art Online, and the Ultra Series.
Biron Mill
Biron Mill is a pulp mill and paper mill located in the US town of Biron, Wisconsin, in the outskirts of Wisconsin Rapids. Now part of Nine Dragons Paper Holdings Limited, the mill passed through many hands in its history including Grand Rapids Pulp and Paper Company, which became Consolidated Papers, Stora Enso, NewPage Catalyst Paper and ND Paper. The mill has two paper machines which produce brown packaging paper with 315 full time employees as of April of 2023 down from 425 employees as of 2015.

Consolidated Papers, Inc.
Consolidated Papers, Inc. (CPI) was a paper manufacturer headquartered in Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin. It was incorporated as the Consolidated Water Power Company on 16 July 1894. Over time it expanded to include operations in Biron, Stevens Point, Whiting, Appleton and Port Arthur, Ontario. The company was an innovator in the production of coated paper.

In 2000, the company was bought by the Finnish company Stora Enso.  The former Consolidated paper mills were sold in 2007 to NewPage, which was in turn acquired by Verso in 2015.
2010 Tour of Oman
The 2010 Tour of Oman was the first edition of the Tour of Oman cycling stage race. It was rated as a 2.1 event on the UCI Asia Tour, and held from 14 February to 19 February 2010, in Oman. The race was won by Fabian Cancellara of Team Saxo Bank.

Green jersey
In road bicycle racing (e.g. Grand Tour stage races), the green jersey is a distinctive racing jersey worn by the most consistent highest finisher in the competition.

While the overall race leader in the Tour de France will wear the yellow jersey, or "maillot jaune", the green jersey ("maillot vert") will be worn by the leader in the points competition. Since 2009, the Vuelta a España has also used the green jersey to signify the leader of the points competition. In the Giro d'Italia, the green jersey was, from 1974 to 2011, worn by the King of the Mountains, the leader in the competition for climbing specialists.
Bataysk railway station
Bataysk railway station (Russian: станция Батайск) is a major mainline railway station located in self-named city, Rostov oblast, Russia. It is a junction of North Caucasus Railway, 10 km from Rostov-Glavny. The station combines four routes out of Bataysk. It is an important junction, where the Rostov-on-Don — Tikhoretsk (Tikhoretsk station) main line, and the railway lines to Azov, Salsk and Starominskaya diverge. It is approximately 300 m from the town center.

Salsk
Salsk (Russian: Сальск) is a town and the administrative center of Salsky District in Rostov Oblast, Russia, located on the Sredny Yegorlyk River (Don's basin), 180 kilometers (110 mi) southeast of Rostov-on-Don, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 56,832 (2020),  61,316 (2010 census); 61,775 (2002 census); 61,088 (1989 Soviet census).
The Oranges Band
The Oranges Band is an American indie rock band from Baltimore, Maryland signed with Green Day's original label, Lookout! Records. Fronted by ex-Spoon bassist Roman Kuebler, The Oranges' first record, The Five Dollars EP, was released on Baltimore-based label Morphius Records. Subsequent touring and critical praise earned the band a deal with Lookout, culminating in the release of an EP, album, and several videos, leading up to, according to many critics, their strongest album to that point, The World & Everything in It. In 2004, Morphius released a retrospective compiling the band's earlier work, including The Five Dollars EP, the now out-of-print 900 Miles of Fucking Hell EP, as well as various unreleased tracks entitled Two Thousands.  In 2008, with a new lineup that included Pat Martin on bass and guest guitarist Doug Gillard, the band released their third full-length The Oranges Band are Invisible.

Lookout Records
Lookout Records (stylized as Lookout! Records) was an independent record label, initially based in Laytonville, California, and later in Berkeley, focusing on punk rock. Established in 1987, the label is best known for having released Operation Ivy’s only album, Energy, and Green Day's first two albums, 39/Smooth and Kerplunk.

Following the departure of co-founder Larry Livermore in 1997, the label departed from its "East Bay sound" and proved unable to match early success. In 2005 the label ran into financial difficulties after several high-profile artists rescinded the rights to their Lookout Records material. After a period of rapid contraction the label slowly expired, terminating operations and removing its music from online distribution channels early in 2012.
2016 China Open (tennis)
The 2016 China Open was a tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 18th edition of the China Open for the men (20th for the women). It was part of ATP World Tour 500 series on the 2016 ATP World Tour, and the last WTA Premier Mandatory tournament of the 2016 WTA Tour. Both the men's and the women's events were held at the National Tennis Center in Beijing, China, from October 3 to October 9, 2016.

Guido Pella
Guido Pella (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈɡiðo ˈpela]; born 17 May 1990) is an Argentine former professional tennis player. In August 2019, Pella reached his career best world No. 20 in singles. In July 2019, he peaked at No. 55 in doubles.
Myra Miller
Myra Miller (c. 1811–1891) was an African-American food entrepreneur and baker in Atlanta during Reconstruction.

Miller was born in Virginia in about 1811. She was enslaved and sold as a cook to someone in Rome, Georgia. In 1871, after slavery was abolished in the United States, she moved with her husband to Atlanta and started a bakery. Miller's bakery was well known in Atlanta and her wedding fruitcakes were sent across the country. Miller died in 1891 and was buried in the African American section of  Oakland Cemetery.

Fruitcake
Fruitcake or fruit cake is a cake made with candied or dried fruit, nuts, and spices, and optionally soaked in spirits. In the United Kingdom, certain rich versions may be iced and decorated.

Fruitcakes are usually served in celebration of weddings and Christmas. Given their rich nature, fruitcakes are most often consumed on their own, as opposed to with condiments (such as butter or cream). Fruit cake is different to fruit bread, but may share similar toppings and mixtures.
Tłı̨chǫ Highway
The Tłı̨chǫ Highway, also known as the Tłı̨chǫ All-Season Road and officially Northwest Territories Highway 9, is a 97-kilometre (60 mi) gravel road in Northwest Territories, Canada. The road connects the Tłı̨chǫ First Nations community of Whatì to the Yellowknife Highway with a permanent all-season road, while also improving winter road access to Gamètì and Wekweètì.

Gamèti
Gamètì (/ˈɡæməti/; formerly known as Rae Lakes until 4 August 2005), officially the Tłı̨chǫ Community Government of Gamètì is a community in the North Slave Region of the Northwest Territories, Canada. Gamètì, according to the Prince of Wales Northern Heritage Centre means "rabbit-net lake". 'Gah means 'rabbit', and "mi" means net, "tì" means lake, or water. It is one of the four Tłı̨chǫ communities which form part of the Tlicho Government.
Gonks Go Beat
Gonks Go Beat is a 1964 British science fiction/musical fantasy film, directed by Robert Hartford-Davis, starring Kenneth Connor and Frank Thornton. It was written by Hartford-Davis and Peter Newbrook loosely based on the Romeo and Juliet storyline and features 16 musical numbers performed by a variety of artists, including Lulu and The Luvvers, The Nashville Teens and the Graham Bond Organisation including Ginger Baker, Jack Bruce and Dick Heckstall-Smith. The film includes an early appearance by the actor Derek Thompson performing with his twin sister Elaine.

The film's title highlights the fad for gonk toys in mid 1960s Great Britain. The gonks appear in the opening title credits, as Lulu sings the theme song "Chocolate Ice".

Editor Teddy Darvas said "I am very proud of that, it's in the book of the world's worst movies and I cut one of them."

Dick Heckstall-Smith
Richard Malden Heckstall-Smith (26 September 1934 – 17 December 2004) was an English jazz and blues saxophonist. He played with some of the most influential English blues rock and jazz fusion bands of the 1960s and 1970s. He is known for primarily playing tenor, soprano, and baritone saxophones, as well as piano, clarinet and alto saxophone.
Down in the Valley (Solomon Burke song)
"Down in the Valley" is a 1962 R&B song written by Bert Berns and Solomon Burke and originally recorded by Solomon Burke. It was released on Atlantic as a B-side to "I'm Hanging Up My Heart For You". It was covered by Otis Redding on his album Otis Blue. Burke's original version is a classic example of early country soul with booming vocals.

Southern soul
Southern soul or country soul is a type of soul and country music that emerged from the Southern United States. The music originated from a combination of styles, including blues (both 12 bar and jump), country, early R&B, and a strong gospel influence that emanated from the sounds of Southern black churches. Bass guitar, drums, horn section, organ, and gospel roots vocal are important to soul groove. This rhythmic force made it a strong influence in the rise of funk music. The terms "deep soul", "country soul", "downhome soul" and "hard soul" have been used synonymously with "Southern soul".p. 18