hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kurgan, Kurgan Oblast
Kurgan (Russian: Курган, IPA: [kʊrˈɡan]) is the largest city and the administrative center of Kurgan Oblast in the south of the Urals Federal District of Russia. Population: 310,911 (2021 census); 333,606 (2010 census); 345,515 (2002 census); 355,517 (1989 Soviet census)..

Until 1782, Kurgan bore the name Tsaryovo Gorodishche.

Ural Federal District
Ural Federal District (Russian: Уральский федеральный округ, IPA: [ʊˈralʲskʲɪj fʲɪdʲɪˈralʲnɨj ˈokrʊk]) is one of the eight federal districts of Russia. Its population was 12,080,523 (79.9% urban) according to the 2010 census.

The district was established on 13 May 2000 by a decree of the President of Russia. It is located at the border of the European and Asian parts of Russia. The administrative centre of the district is the city of Yekaterinburg.

The district contributes 18% to Russia's Gross Regional Product (GRP), although its population is only 8.5% of the Russian total.
Listed buildings in Hildenborough
Hildenborough is a village and civil parish in the Tonbridge and Malling district of Kent, England. It contains 106 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England. Of these three are grade II* and 103 are grade II.

This list is based on the information retrieved online from Historic England

.

Tonbridge and Malling
51°16′59″N 0°21′00″E﻿ / ﻿51.283°N 0.350°E﻿ / 51.283; 0.350

Tonbridge and Malling is a local government district with borough status in Kent, England. The council is based at Kings Hill. The borough also includes the towns of Tonbridge and Snodland along with numerous villages including Aylesford, West Malling and surrounding rural areas.

The neighbouring districts are Maidstone, Tunbridge Wells, Sevenoaks, Gravesham and Medway.
Stapp's Circle S Ranch
Stapp's Circle S Ranch was a non-profit, educational petting zoo located in Greensburg, Indiana, United States.

The mission of the ranch is to educate people, especially children, about animals from around the globe. The ranch was started by Jim and Theresa Stapp about 2001, first as a family hobby, then developing into a local attraction.

Every year the facility has grown in number and breeds of animals, and the number of visitors. The ranch acquired two tiger cubs, a Siberian and an Indo-Chinese tiger cub, in late June, 2010. The ranch had also at one time collaborated with Jeff Watson and the Greensburg Grizzly Adventure, and hosted the famous grizzly, Brody the Bear.

Indochinese tiger
The Indochinese tiger is a population of the Panthera tigris tigris subspecies that is native to Southeast Asia. This population occurs in Myanmar and Thailand. In 2011, the population was thought to comprise 342 individuals, including 85 in Myanmar and 20 in Vietnam, with the largest population unit surviving in Thailand, estimated at 189 to 252 individuals during the period 2009 to 2014.
Port of Galați
The Port of Galați is the largest port and sea port on the Danube River and the second largest Romanian port. Located in the city of Galați, the port is an important source of revenue for the city because many large international companies have established there.

The shipbuilding industry is a key activity of the port and Dutch company Damen Group, which owns the Galați shipyard, is the most important enterprise established there.

The port is used by the Mittal Steel Company as its transport hub for exporting and importing cargo from and for Mittal Steel Galați, the largest Romanian steel producer.

Galați steel works
The Galați steel works (Romanian: Combinatul Siderurgic Galați), formally Liberty Galați (formerly known as ArcelorMittal Galați and Sidex Galați), is a steel mill in Galați, Romania, the country's largest.
1991 Munster Senior Hurling Championship final
The 1991 Munster Senior Hurling Championship final was a hurling match played on 7 July 1991 at Páirc Uí Chaoimh, Cork. It was contested by Cork and Tipperary.

Highlights of both games were shown as part of The Sunday Game programme on RTÉ 2 on the Sunday night. The programmes were presented by Michael Lyster, with commentary by Ger Canning.

Tipperary county hurling team
The Tipperary county hurling team represents Tipperary in hurling and is governed by Tipperary GAA, the county board of the Gaelic Athletic Association. The team competes in the three major annual inter-county competitions; the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, the Munster Senior Hurling Championship and the National Hurling League.

Tipperary's home ground is Semple Stadium, Thurles. The team's manager is Liam Cahill.

The team last won the Munster Senior Championship in 2016, the All-Ireland Senior Championship in 2025 and the National League in 2008.
Ri Han-jae
Ri Han-Jae (born 27 June 1982) is a former footballer who plays for FC Machida Zelvia. Born in Japan, he represented North Korea internationally.

He played for North Korea in 2006 FIFA World Cup qualification.

2006 FIFA World Cup qualification (AFC)
Listed below are the dates and results for the 2006 FIFA World Cup qualification rounds for Asia.

44 Asian teams are affiliated with FIFA, but Cambodia, Philippines, Bhutan and Brunei decided not to take part, and Myanmar were banned from the competition (for refusing to play a qualifier in Iran during 2002 qualifying), so a total of 39 teams took part, competing for 4.5 places in the World Cup.
Vergennes
Vergennes can refer to:

People

Charles Gravier, comte de Vergennes (1719–1787), French statesman and diplomat who directed his country during the American War of Independence

Jean Gravier, marquis de Vergennes (1718-1794), French magistrate and diplomat, older brother of Charles Gravier

Places

Vergennes, Illinois

Vergennes, Vermont

Vergennes Township, Michigan

Vergennes (grape), a variety of grape used to make white wine

Vergennes, Illinois
Vergennes is a village in Jackson County, Illinois, United States. The population was 235 at the 2020 census.

On February 28, 2017, a deadly tornado which impacted the outskirts of Perryville, Missouri, also struck the southern side of Vergennes. No fatalities occurred occurred within the village, or in other parts of Illinois.
Golnik
Golnik (pronounced [ɡɔlˈniːk] or [ɡɔu̯ˈniːk]; German: Gallenfels) is a village in the Municipality of Kranj in the Upper Carniolan region of Slovenia.

Since 1921, it has been best known for its hospital for diagnosis and treatment of patients with pulmonary and allergic diseases, now known as the Golnik University Clinic of Pulmonary and Allergic Diseases. Its location, good humidity conditions, and high number of sunny days per year have contributed to it becoming a leading health care centre in the region. A 16th-century castle is part of the hospital complex and it is surrounded by a park designed by the architect Ivan Vurnik.

Pulmonology
Pulmonology (/ˌpʌlməˈnɒlədʒi/, /ˌpʊlməˈnɒlədʒi/, from Latin pulmō, -ōnis "lung" and the Greek suffix -λογία -logía "study of"), pneumology (/nʊˈmɒlədʒi, njʊ-/, built on Greek πνεύμων pneúmōn "lung") or pneumonology (/nʊmənˈɒlədʒi, njʊ-/) is a medical specialty that deals with diseases involving the respiratory tract. It is also known as respirology, respiratory medicine, or chest medicine in some countries and areas.

Pulmonology is considered a branch of internal medicine, and is related to intensive care medicine. Pulmonology often involves managing patients who need life support and mechanical ventilation. Pulmonologists are specially trained in diseases and conditions of the chest, particularly pneumonia, asthma, tuberculosis, emphysema, and complicated chest infections.

Pulmonology/respirology departments work especially closely with certain other specialties: cardiothoracic surgery departments and cardiology departments.
Mahua Sarkar
Mahua Sarkar is an Indian historical sociologist. She is a professor of sociology at University of Toronto Scarborough and previously served as the Professor of Sociology, and Women, Gender and Sexuality Studies at Binghamton University. During the 2016–17 academic year, she was France-ILO chair at the Institut des Etudes Avancées in Nantes, France. In 2011–12, she was a fellow at Re:Work, the Work and Human Life Cycle in Global History institute at Humboldt University, Berlin, and in 2013–14 she was EURIAS fellow at the Wissenschaftskolleg Berlin.

Binghamton University
The State University of New York at Binghamton (also known as Binghamton University or SUNY Binghamton) is a public research university in Greater Binghamton, New York, United States. It is one of the four university centers in the State University of New York (SUNY) system.

Since its establishment in 1946, the school has evolved from a small liberal arts college to a large research university. It is classified among R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity. Binghamton's athletic teams are the Bearcats and they compete in Division I of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). The Bearcats are members of the America East Conference.
2022 IBA Youth World Boxing Championships
The 2022 IBA Youth World Boxing Championships (22nd) were held in La Nucia, Spain, from 14 to 26 November 2022. The competition was held under the supervision of IBA, the world's governing body for amateur boxing, and was open to boxers born in 2004 and 2005. It was the fourth time in the tournament's history that men and women have fought in the same championship.

La Nucia
La Nucia (Valencian: [la nuˈsi.a]; Spanish: La Nucía [la nuˈθi.a]) is a municipality in the comarca of Marina Baixa, Alicante, Valencian Community, Spain. It borders the municipalities of Altea, Callosa d'en Sarrià, Benidorm, Polop and L'Alfàs del Pi.

La Nucia is located in a fruit valley between Benidorm and Callosa d'en Sarrià, 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) from the coast of Altea. The urban center is on a promontory overlooking the Mediterranean Sea, 51 kilometres (32 mi) north of Alicante and 8 kilometres (5 mi) north of Benidorm.

The municipality includes the following housing estates: Barranco Hondo, Coloma, Bello Horizonte, Panorama, and El Tossal.
Belonogaster petiolata
Belonogaster petiolata is a species of primitively eusocial wasp that dwells in southern Africa, in temperate or subhumid climate zones. This wasp species has a strong presence in South Africa and has also been seen in northern Johannesburg. Many colonies can be found in caves. The Sterkfontein Caves in South Africa, for example, contain large populations of B. petiolata.

This species primarily eats small insects, especially caterpillars, which are considered its "solid food", while nectar is its liquid food. It also requires water for survival.

Nectar
Nectar is a viscous, sugar-rich liquid produced by plants in glands called nectaries, either within the flowers with which it attracts pollinating animals, or by extrafloral nectaries, which provide a nutrient source to animal mutualists, which in turn provide herbivore protection. Common nectar-consuming pollinators include mosquitoes, hoverflies, wasps, bees, butterflies and moths, hummingbirds, honeyeaters and bats. 
Nectar is an economically important substance as it is the sugar source for honey.

Nectar is also useful in agriculture and horticulture because the adult stages of some predatory insects feed on nectar. For example, a number of predacious or parasitoid wasps (e.g., the social wasp species Apoica flavissima) rely on nectar as a primary food source. In turn, these wasps then hunt agricultural pest insects as food for their young.

Nectar is most often associated with flowering plants (angiosperms), but it is also produced by other groups, including ferns.
Lee Blair (artist)
Lee Everett Blair (October 1, 1911 – April 19, 1993) was an American artist. He was born in Los Angeles, California and died in Soquel, California. He was the younger brother of Preston Blair and the husband of Mary Blair.

In 1932 he won a gold medal in the art competitions of the Olympic Games for his "Rodeo".

Art competitions at the 1932 Summer Olympics
Art competitions were held as part of the 1932 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States.  Medals were awarded in five categories (architecture, literature, music, painting, and sculpture), for works inspired by sport-related themes.

Art competitions were part of the Olympic program from 1912 to 1948, but were discontinued due to concerns about amateurism and professionalism.  Since 1952, a non-competitive art and cultural festival has been associated with each game.
2008 ITU Triathlon World Cup
The 2008 ITU Triathlon World Cup was a series of triathlon races organised by the International Triathlon Union (ITU) for elite-level triathletes. There were twelve races held in twelve countries, each held over a distance of 1500 m swim, 40 km cycle, 10 km run (an Olympic-distance triathlon). Alongside a prize purse, points were awarded at each race contributing towards the overall World Cup for which an additional prize purse was awarded. The 2008 World Cup was sponsored by BG Group. The 2008 World Cup series marked the final year of this race and championship format as the ITU shifted its focus to developing the World Championship Series.

BG Group
BG Group plc was a British multinational oil and gas company headquartered in Reading, Berkshire, England. On 8 April 2015, Royal Dutch Shell announced that it had reached an agreement to acquire BG Group for $70 billion, subject to regulatory and shareholder agreement. The sale was completed on 15 February 2016. Prior to the takeover, BG Group was listed on the London Stock Exchange (BG.L) and was a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index. In the 2015 Forbes Global 2000, BG Group was ranked as the 583rd largest public company in the world.

Prior to its acquisition by Shell, BG Group had operations in 25 countries across six continents and produced around 680,000 barrels of oil equivalent per day. It had a major liquefied natural gas (LNG) business and was the largest supplier of LNG to the United States. As at 31 December 2009, it had total proven commercial reserves of 2.6 billion barrels (410,000,000 m3) of oil equivalent.
Dil Kumari Rawal Thapa
Dil Kumari Rawal Thapa (Nepali: दिल कुमारी रावल थापा), also known as Parbati Rawal, is a Nepalese communist politician and member of the National Assembly. In 2018 she was elected in Bagmati Province for the Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist) with a six-year term. She is the President of the National Concern and Coordination Committee under the National Assembly.

National Assembly (Nepal)
The National Assembly (Nepali: राष्ट्रिय सभा, romanized: Rāṣṭriya Sabhā) is the upper house of the Federal Parliament of Nepal, the lower house being the House of Representatives. The composition and powers of the Assembly are established by Part 8 and 9 of the Constitution of Nepal. There are a total of 59 members: 8 members are elected from each of the seven provinces by an electoral college of each province, and three are appointed by the President on recommendation of the government.

Members serve staggered six year terms such that the term of one-third members expires every two years.
Ministry of Interior Affairs (Afghanistan)
The Ministry of Interior Affairs (Dari: وزارت امور داخله افغانستان, Pashto: د افغانستان د کورنیو چارو وزارت) is the cabinet ministry of Afghanistan responsible for law enforcement, civil order and fighting crime. The ministry's headquarters is located in Kabul.

The current minister of Interior Affairs is Sirajuddin Haqqani, who is also the first deputy leader of Afghanistan and the leader of the Haqqani network.

Crime in Afghanistan
Crime in Afghanistan is present in various forms, and includes the following: corruption, contract killings or assassinations, bombings, kidnapping, drug trafficking, money laundering, black marketeering, and ordinary crimes such as theft and assault.
National Register of Historic Places listings in Wharton County, Texas
This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Wharton County, Texas.

This is intended to be a complete list of properties and districts listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Wharton County, Texas. There are three districts and 29 individual properties listed on the National Register in the county. Two individually listed properties are Recorded Texas Historic Landmarks while one district contains several State Antiquities Landmarks including one that is also a Recorded Texas Historic Landmark.

This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted March 21, 2025.

Recorded Texas Historic Landmark
Recorded Texas Historic Landmark (RTHL) is a designation awarded by the Texas Historical Commission for historically and architecturally significant properties in the U.S. state of Texas. RTHL is a legal designation and the highest honor the state can bestow on a historic structure. Purchase and display of a historical marker is a required component of the RTHL designation process. Because it is a legal designation, owners of RTHL-designated structures must give 60 days' notice before any alterations are made to the exterior of the structure. Changes that are unsympathetic may result in removal of the designation and historical marker. More than 3,600 RTHL structures are spread throughout the state.
Hugh Rhea
Hugh McCall Rhea (September 9, 1909 – October 18, 1973) was an American football player and track and field athlete.

A native of Arlington, Nebraska, Rhea attended Arlington High School and the University of Nebraska–Lincoln.  He played college football for the Nebraska Cornhuskers football team and was twice selected as an All-American tackle.  In 1930, he was selected as a first-team All-American by Grantland Rice for Collier's Weekly, and in 1931, he was selected as a third-team All-American by the Associated Press.

Rhea also competed in track and field for the Nebraska Cornhuskers, winning the shot put event at the 1932 NCAA Men's Track and Field Championships with an NCAA record-setting throw of 52 feet, 5¾ inches. He later played two games as a guard in professional football for the Brooklyn Dodgers during the 1933 NFL season. Rhea died in Florida in 1973 at age 64, and he was posthumously inducted into the Nebraska Football Hall of Fame in 1986.

Grantland Rice
Henry Grantland Rice (November 1, 1880 – July 13, 1954) was an American sportswriter, columnist, and poet from Tennessee known as the "Dean of American Sports Writers".  He published three books of poetry, and coined the famous phrase that it was not important whether you “won or lost, but how you played the game.”

His writing was known for its elegance and published in newspapers around the country, and broadcast on the radio.  He and his writing are among the reasons that the roaring 1920s in the United States are sometimes referred to as the "Golden Age of Sports".

In 1924, he nicknamed the Notre Dame backfield the "Four Horsemen".  In 1925 he replaced Walter Camp in selecting college football All-America teams. Rice set out to make heroes of sports figures who impressed him, most notably in baseball Babe Ruth, in boxing Jack Dempsey, in football Red Grange and Knute Rockne, in golf Bobby Jones and Babe Didrikson, and in tennis Bill Tilden.
Mass Party
The Mass Party (Thai: พรรคมวลชน, RTGS: Phak Muanchon, pronounced [pʰák mūan.choːn]) was a former Thai political party that played a role in the country's politics during the 1980s and 1990s. It was considered a minor party.

It was founded in 1985 by a local Thonburi lawyer, Somsak Phakipho. However, an important figure who later became the party leader was Chalerm Yubamrung, who had moved from the Democrat Party. The party was considered to have a strong support base in the Thonburi area of Bangkok, particularly in the districts of Bangkok Yai, Phasi Charoen, Nong Khaem, as well as Bang Khae, Bang Bon and Bang Khun Thian.

Due to the changing political landscape, the party's influence declined after 2000. Key figures, such as Chalerm Yubamrung, moved to other parties, and ultimately the party was dissolved in 2010.

Bang Khun Thian district
Bang Khun Thian (Thai: บางขุนเทียน, pronounced [bāːŋ kʰǔn tʰīan]) is one of the 50 districts (khet) of Bangkok, Thailand. Its neighbors, clockwise from the north, are Bang Bon, Chom Thong, and Thung Khru Districts of Bangkok, Phra Samut Chedi district of Samut Prakan province and Mueang Samut Sakhon district of Samut Sakhon province. Bang Khun Thian is Bangkok's southernmost district, and the only one bordering the Bay of Bangkok (upper Gulf of Thailand).
Gurbachan Singh Talib
Sardar Gurbachan Singh; 7 April 1911 – 9 April 1986) was an Indian Sikh scholar, professor, and author, recognized for his contributions to Sikh studies, Punjabi literature, and English literature. His notable works include an English translation of the Guru Granth Sahib, the holy scripture of Sikhism. For his contributions to literature and education, he was awarded the Padma Bhushan, India's third-highest civilian honour, in 1985. He was also a recipient of the Sahitya Akademi Fellowship in 1984, and National Fellowship by the Indian Council of Historical Research, New Delhi in 1985.

Indian Council of Historical Research
The Indian Council of Historical Research (ICHR) is a captive body of the Ministry of Education, Government of India established by an Administrative Order. The body has provided financial assistance to historians and scholars through fellowships, grants, and symposia.

The ICHR receives grants-in-aid from the Department of Higher Education, grants-in-aid from various Indian states, private donations, and the proceeds of revenues from the sale of publications of the ICHR. The ICHR is based in Delhi, with regional centres in Pune (Maharashtra), Bengaluru (Karnataka), and Guwahati (Assam).

It was established on 27 March 1972.

Its first chairman was the historian Ram Sharan Sharma. Historians who have served as members or functionaries of the ICHR include Irfan Habib, Tapan Raychaudhuri, and Barun De.
H-S Precision Pro Series 2000 HTR
H-S Precision Pro 2000 HTR ("heavy tactical rifle") is a bolt-action sniper rifle. It was designed and manufactured by the American company H-S Precision, Inc. The rifle is very accurate: 0.8 minute of angle with 7.62×51mm NATO, about 0.4 minute of angle with match-grade ammunition and about 0.15 minute of angle with custom handloads.

7.62×51mm NATO
The 7.62×51mm NATO (official NATO nomenclature 7.62 NATO) is a rimless, bottlenecked, centerfire rifle cartridge. It is a standard for small arms among NATO countries.

First developed in the 1940s, the cartridge had first been introduced in U.S. service in 1954 for the M14 rifle and M60 machine gun.

The later adoption of the 5.56×45mm NATO intermediate cartridge and assault rifles as standard infantry weapon systems by NATO militaries started a trend to phase out the 7.62×51mm NATO in that role.
Many other firearms that use the 7.62×51mm NATO fully powered cartridge remain in service today, especially various designated marksman rifles/sniper rifles and medium machine guns/general-purpose machine guns (e.g. M24 Sniper Rifle and M240 Medium Machine Gun). The cartridge is also used on mounted and crew-served weapons that are mounted to vehicles, aircraft, and ships.