hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Oxygnathus
Oxygnathus is a genus of beetles in the family Carabidae, containing the following species:

Oxygnathus aboranus Andrewes, 1929

Oxygnathus elongatus (Wiedemann, 1823)

Oxygnathus ferrugineus Bulirsch, 2016

Oxygnathus myanmarensis (Bulirsch, 2016)

Herbert Edward Andrewes
Herbert Edward Andrewes (9 November 1863, Reading – 16 December 1950, Highgate) was a stockbroker and an English entomologist who specialised in the order Coleoptera.

Herbert Andrewes was one of four sons of engineer and mayor of Reading Charles James Andrewes and his wife Charlotte Parsons. His elder brother was the pathologist and bacteriologist Sir Frederick William Andrewes.

Andrewes' initial training was at the forestry school in Nancy, France, now INRA. In 1885, he entered the Indian Forest Service. His next post was at the British Museum (Natural History) where he specialised in Carabidae. He was a prolific author, writing over 120 short scientific papers in addition to catalogues, taxonomic works, faunal monographs and identification manuals. Andrewes was a Fellow of the Royal Entomological Society from 1910 until his death (Council 1920-22). The society holds his library.
Clostridium paradoxum
Clostridium paradoxum is a moderately thermophilic anaerobic alkaliphile bacteria. It is motile with 2-6 peritrichous flagella and forms round to slightly oval terminal spores. Its type strain is JW-YL-7 (DSM 7308).

Alkaliphile
Alkaliphiles are a class of extremophilic microbes capable of survival in alkaline (pH roughly 8.5–11) environments, growing optimally around a pH of 10. These bacteria can be further categorized as obligate alkaliphiles (those that require high pH to survive), facultative alkaliphiles (those able to survive in high pH, but also grow under normal conditions) and haloalkaliphiles (those that require high salt content to survive).
Bruce Eckel
Bruce Eckel (born  (1957-07-08) July 8, 1957) is a computer programmer, author, and consultant.

Eckel's best known works are Thinking in Java and the two-volume series Thinking in C++, aimed at programmers wanting to learn the Java or C++ programming languages, respectively, particularly those with little experience of object-oriented programming.

Eckel was a founding member of the ANSI/ISO C++ standard committee.

Object-oriented programming
Object-oriented programming (OOP) is a programming paradigm based on objects – software entities that encapsulate data and function(s). An OOP computer program consists of objects that interact with one another. An OOP language is one that provides object-oriented programming features, but as the set of features that contribute to OOP is contested, classifying a language as OOP – and the degree to which it supports OOP – is debatable. As paradigms are not mutually exclusive, a language can be multi-paradigm (i.e. categorized as more than only OOP).

Notable languages with OOP support include Ada, ActionScript, C++, Common Lisp, C#, Dart, Eiffel, Fortran 2003, Haxe, Java, JavaScript, Kotlin, Logo, MATLAB, Objective-C, Object Pascal, Perl, PHP, Python, R, Raku, Ruby, Scala, SIMSCRIPT, Simula, Smalltalk, Swift, Vala and Visual Basic (.NET).
Textulariida
The Textulariida are an order of foraminifera that produce agglutinated shells or tests. An agglutinated test is one made of foreign particles glued together with an organic or calcareous cement to form an external shell on the outside of the organism.  Commonly, the order had been made up of all species of Foraminifera with these types of shells, but genetic studies indicate these organisms do not form an evolutionary group, and several superfamilies in the order have been moved to the order Allogromiida.  The remaining forms are sometimes divided into three orders: the Trochamminida and Lituolida, which have organic cement, and the Textulariida sensu stricto, which use a calcareous cement.  All three orders or superfamilies are known as fossils from the Cambrian onwards.

Calcareous
Calcareous (/kælˈkɛəriəs/) is an adjective meaning "mostly or partly composed of calcium carbonate", in other words, containing lime or being chalky. The term is  used in a wide variety of scientific disciplines.
Ahriche
In Moroccan cuisine, Ahriche (ⴰⵃⵔⵉⵛ) is a dish eaten by the tribes of Zayanes and Khénifra. The name is derived from the Berber word for stick; this is in reference to the dish's manner of cooking. It is a dish of tripe usually consisting of ganglion, caul, lung or heart of an animal wound with intestines on a stick of oak and cooked on hot coals.

Khenifra
Khenifra (Arabic: خنيفرة) is a city in northern central Morocco, surrounded by the Atlas Mountains and located on the Oum Er-Rbia River. National Highway 8 also goes through the town. The population, as of the 2024 census, was at 123,738.
Dual-sport motorcycle
A dual-sport motorcycle  is a type of motorcycle that is designed for varying degrees of off-road use while still being street-legal.  Dual-sports are equipped with lights, a speedometer, mirrors, a horn, registration plates, turn signals, and a muffler with spark arrestor and decibel noise output to comply with government regulations. They vary considerably in engine size and weight, though they are typically 510cc or smaller. They are often versions of off-road bikes that have been made legal for street driving.

Other names such as all-road, on/off-road, dual-purpose, and adventure bike may be chosen by the manufacturer based upon the size, weight, and intended application of the motorcycle. Typically the dual sport category weighs less than 400 pounds/180 kilos to make them more comfortable and capable off-road, while adventure bikes are more than 400 pounds/180 kilos to make them more comfortable and capable on the pavement.

Street-legal vehicle
Street-legal, road-legal, or road-going, refers to a vehicle such as a car, motorcycle, or light truck that is equipped and licensed for use on public roads, being therefore roadworthy. This will require specific configurations of lighting, signal lights, and safety equipment. Some specialty vehicles that will not be operated on roads, therefore, do not need all the features of a street-legal vehicle; examples are a vehicle used only off-road (such as a sandrail) that is trailered to its off-road operating area, and a racing car that is used only on closed race tracks and therefore does not need all the features of a street-legal vehicle. As well as motor vehicles, the street-legal distinction applies in some jurisdictions to track bicycles that lack street-legal brakes and lights. Street-legality rules can even affect racing helmets, which possess visual fields too narrow for use on an open road without the risk of missing a fast-moving vehicle.
Neagley
Neagley is an upcoming American crime drama television series created by Nick Santora and Nicholas Wootton, based on the character created by Lee Child. It is a spin-off from the television series Reacher, starring Maria Sten who reprises her role of Frances Neagley, alongside Greyston Holt, Jasper Jones, Adeline Rudolph, Matthew Del Negro, and Damon Herriman.

Nicholas Wootton
Nicholas Wootton is an American television writer and producer. He has written for various TV shows, including Chuck, Prison Break, Law & Order, NYPD Blue, Scorpion and The Endgame.

In 1998, he won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Writing for a Drama Series, for his work in NYPD Blue.
FoodCrafters
FoodCrafters is a food and travel show on the Cooking Channel hosted by Aida Mollenkamp. The show debuted on May 31, 2010, and aired on Tuesday evenings on the Cooking Channel. FoodCrafters is produced for Cooking Channel by Citizen Pictures.

Travel
Travel is the movement of people between distant geographical locations. Travel can be done by foot, bicycle, automobile, train, boat, bus, airplane, ship or other means, with or without luggage, and can be one way or round trip. Travel can also include relatively short stays between successive movements, as in the case of tourism.
Pyrausta nigrata
Pyrausta nigrata is a species of moth of the family Crambidae. It was described by Giovanni Antonio Scopoli in his 1763 Entomologia Carniolica and it is found in Europe.

The wingspan is 14–17 mm (0.55–0.67 in). The moth flies from June to October depending on the location.

The larvae feed on various herbs, such as thyme and marjoram.

Giovanni Antonio Scopoli
Giovanni Antonio Scopoli (sometimes Latinized as Johannes Antonius Scopolius) (3 June 1723 – 8 May 1788) was an Italian physician and naturalist. His biographer Otto Guglia named him the "first anational European" and the "Linnaeus of the Austrian Empire".
Dmitriy Vasilevich Polenov
Dmitriy Vasilevich Polenov (1806–1878) was the secretary of the Imperial Russian Archaeological Society in Russia in the mid-nineteenth century. His daughter was the artist Elena Dmitrievna Polenova (born Petrozavodsk in 1850).

Imperial Russian Archaeological Society
The Imperial Russian Archaeological Society (Императорское Русское археологическое общество), originally known as the Archaeological-Numismatic Society, was an archaeological society in the Russian Empire. It was founded in St. Petersburg in 1846.
1987 Sovran Bank D.C. National Tennis Classic – Doubles
Hans Gildemeister and Andrés Gómez were the defending champions, but both players decided to rest after competing in the Davis Cup the previous week.

Gary Donnelly and Peter Fleming won the title by defeating Laurie Warder and Blaine Willenborg 6–2, 7–6 in the final.

Peter Fleming (tennis)
Peter Blair Fleming (born January 21, 1955, in Chatham Borough, New Jersey) is an American former professional tennis player. In his doubles partnership with John McEnroe, he won 52 titles, of which seven were at Grand Slams (four at Wimbledon, three at the US Open). As a singles player, he peaked at world No. 8, winning three titles (including the 1979 Cincinnati Open).
Bogota, Tennessee
Bogota is a small farming community in Dyer County, Tennessee. It is located ten miles northwest of Dyersburg. Bogota was formerly home to Bogota Elementary School. Its zip code is 38007.

Population is 89 according to the 2020 census. The Post Office within walking distance of most of the 89 inhabitants, ZIP 38007.

The community is near the Obion River, several miles inland from the Mississippi River. The 2,293-acre (928 ha) Bogota Wildlife Management Area is one of several waterfowl hunting areas that the Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency maintains in the Obion River floodplain. Flood waters reached Bogota in May 2011 when the Mississippi River flooded.

Bogota was mentioned in the NBC show Third Watch in season 6, episode 15, "Revelations," which originally aired on February 11, 2005. A Vietnam War–era American soldier said on his death bed that he had only wanted to grow wheat on the family farm in Bogota.

Dyersburg, Tennessee
Dyersburg is a city in and the county seat of Dyer County, Tennessee, United States. It is located in northwest Tennessee, 79 miles (127 km) northeast of Memphis on the Forked Deer River. The population was 16,164 at the 2020 census, down 5.72% from the 2010 census.
BMP file format
The BMP file format, or bitmap, is a raster graphics image file format used to store bitmap digital images, independently of the display device (such as a graphics adapter), especially on Microsoft Windows and OS/2 operating systems.

The BMP file format is capable of storing two-dimensional digital images in various color depths, and optionally with data compression, alpha channels, and color profiles. The Windows Metafile (WMF) specification covers the BMP file format.

Digital image
A digital image is an image composed of picture elements, also known as pixels, each with finite, discrete quantities of numeric representation for its intensity or gray level that is an output from its two-dimensional functions fed as input by its spatial coordinates denoted with x, y on the x-axis and y-axis, respectively. An image can be vector or raster type. By itself, the term "digital image" usually refers to raster images or bitmapped images (as opposed to vector images).
Dark as a Dungeon
"Dark as a Dungeon" is a song written by singer-songwriter Merle Travis. It is a lament about the danger and drudgery of being a coal miner in a shaft mine.  It has become a rallying song among miners seeking improved working conditions.

The song achieved much of its fame when it was performed by Johnny Cash in his Folsom Prison concert (At Folsom Prison). During this live performance, one of the prisoners in the background was laughing, and Cash started to chuckle. He gently admonished the man, "No laughing during the song, please!" The man yelled something about "Hell!" and Cash answered, "I know, 'hell'!" When he finished the song, Cash made a comment that was largely repeated, somewhat out of context, by Joaquin Phoenix in the 2005 Cash biographical film Walk the Line: "I just wanted to tell you that this show is being recorded for an album released on Columbia Records, so you can't say 'hell' or 'shit' or anything like that."

Folsom State Prison
Folsom California State Prison is a California State Prison in Folsom, California, United States, approximately 20 miles (32 km) northeast of the state capital of Sacramento. It is one of 34 adult institutions operated by the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation.

Opened in 1880, Folsom is the state's second-oldest prison, after San Quentin, and the first in the United States to have electricity. Folsom was also one of the first maximum security prisons. It has been the execution site of 93 condemned prisoners.

Musician Johnny Cash put on two live performances at the prison on January 13, 1968. These were recorded and released as a live album titled At Folsom Prison. He had written and recorded the song "Folsom Prison Blues" more than a decade earlier.
2019 Thai FA Cup
The 2019 Thai FA Cup is the 26th season of a Thailand's knockout football competition. It was sponsored by Chang, and known as the Chang FA Cup (Thai: ช้าง เอฟเอคัพ) for sponsorship purposes. The tournament is organized by the Football Association of Thailand. 100 clubs were accepted into the tournament, and it began with the qualification round on 27 March 2019 and concluded with the final on 2 November 2019. The winner would have qualified for the 2020 AFC Champions League preliminary round 2 and the 2020 Thailand Champions Cup. Chiangrai United defend champion but was knocked out in quarter-final by Port.

Thailand Champions Cup
The Thailand Champions Cup (continuing Kor Royal Cup, a different competition from the Thai Super Cup) is a single-game competition between the winners of previous Thai League 1 and Thai FA Cup, organised by the Football Association of Thailand. If the Thai League 1 champions also won the FA Cup, then the league runners-up provide the opposition. The first edition started in 2017 in order to replace the Kor Royal Cup.
St Laurence's College
St Laurence's College (known colloquially as Lauries) is an independent Catholic primary and secondary school for boys, located in South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. Founded by the Congregation of Christian Brothers in 1915. the school is a member of Edmund Rice Education Australia. As of 2021, the college had an enrolment of over 1913 students from Year 5 to Year 12. St Laurence's is affiliated with the Associated Independent Colleges sporting association.

Some of the college's historic buildings are listed on the Brisbane Heritage Register.

Edmund Rice Education Australia
Edmund Rice Education Australia (EREA) is an organisation established by the Congregation of Christian Brothers in Australia to own, govern, manage, and conduct education ministries in the Catholic tradition and in the charism of Blessed Edmund Ignatius Rice. As of 2021, EREA included 55 member schools.

EREA was established on 1 October 2007 when the Christian Brothers decided to amalgamate separate Christian Brothers provinces in Australia, New Zealand, and Papua New Guinea to form an Oceania Province that was solely focused on the social justice mission of the Christian Brothers. The Christian Brothers' National Planning Committee for Schools Governance decided to form a separate body, Edmund Rice Education Australia, with the intention of independently implementing the educational mission of the Christian Brothers.
Luca Giammarco
Luca Giammarco, from Italy, is the top-ranked slalom skateboarder in the world.  A multi-talented competitor, Giammarco was a competitive rock climber and placed in the 1999 and 2001 UIIA World Cup climbing competitions.  In 1989, he earned 3rd place in the Slalom event at the World Championships of Skateboarding (the first year that Tony Hawk made the podium in this competition, placing 1st place in the Pro Half-pipe.)  Giammarco was the # 1 slalom skateboarder in world in 2003, dropped to 3rd in 2004, and regained his #1 overall position in 2005.

Skateboard
A skateboard is a type of sports equipment used for skateboarding. It is usually made of a specially designed 7–8-ply maple plywood deck and has polyurethane wheels attached to the underside by a pair of skateboarding trucks.

The skateboard moves by pushing with one foot while the other foot remains balanced on the board, or by pumping one's legs in structures such as a bowl or half pipe. A skateboard can also be used by standing on the deck while on a downward slope and allowing gravity to propel the board and the rider. If the rider's leading foot is their left foot, they are said to ride "regular". Conversely, they are said to ride "goofy" if their leading foot is their right foot.

The two main types of skateboards are the longboard and shortboard. The shape of the board is also important: the skateboard must be concaved to perform tricks.
Heijermans
Heijermans is a surname. Notable people with this surname include:

Marie Heijermans (1859–1937), Dutch painter

Herman Heijermans (1864–1924), Dutch writer

Hubertine Heijermans (1936–2022), Dutch visual artist

Herman Heijermans
Herman Heijermans (3 December 1864 – 22 November 1924), was a Dutch playwright, novelist and sketch story writer, who is considered to be the greatest Dutch dramatist of the modern era. He is the most notable playwright from the Netherlands since Joost van den Vondel to have gained widespread recognition outside his own country.
Frank Steinhäuser
Frank Steinhäuser is a German coxswain.

Steinhäuser coxed for Wolfgang Neuß and Klaus-Günter Jordan from 1962 to 1964. In 1962, they won the gold medal at the West German national championships, qualifying for the inaugural World Rowing Championships. At the 1962 World Rowing Championships in Lucerne, they became the first world championship titleholders in the coxed pair. They continued their success by winning the title again at the 1963 West German national championships. However, in the 1964 West German national championships, they finished in third place.

Steinhäuser is a member of RC Nassovia Höchst, and in 2012, he was awarded a prize for 50 years of membership at the rowing club.

1962 World Rowing Championships
The 1962 World Rowing Championships were the inaugural world championships in rowing. The competition was held in September 1962 on the Rotsee in Lucerne, Switzerland. Rowers from West Germany dominated the competition, winning five of the seven boat classes.
Vladimir Kurochkin
Vladimir Stepanovich Kurochkin (Владимир Степанович Курочкин; 6 February 1829, Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire, - 20 April 1885, Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire) was a Russian dramatist, translator, editor and publisher. Among the plays he authored were The Green Island (as Vlad K-n, with Innokenty Omulevsky; staged in 1873, published in 1883), Who Is to Blame? (1873), Two by Two is Five (1875) and A Modiste's Diary (1875). Vladimir Kurochkin compiled and published Nevsky Sbornik (the 1867 literary compilation). He edited Iskra magazine (1864–1867) and the Tatar-language Fayde (Virtue) newspaper (1866–1870). Poets Nikolai and Vasily Kurochkins were his brothers.

1885 in literature
This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1885.

You don't know about me without you have read a book by the name of 'The Adventures of Tom Sawyer'; but that ain't no matter. That book was made by a Mr Mark Twain, and he told the truth, mainly.

—Opening lines of Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
Astral Sea
Astral Sea is a collection of poems by Australian poet Alan Gould, published by Angus and Robertson in Australia in 1981.

The collection contains 43 poems from a variety of sources, with some published here for the first time.

The collection won the 1981 NSW Premier's Literary Award – Kenneth Slessor Prize for Poetry.

Angus & Robertson
Angus & Robertson (A&R) is a major Australian bookseller, publisher and printer. As book publishers, A&R has contributed substantially to the promotion and development of Australian literature. The brand currently exists as an online shop owned by online bookseller Booktopia. The Angus & Robertson imprint is still seen in books published by HarperCollins, a News Corporation company.
Řetová
Řetová is a municipality and village in Ústí nad Orlicí District in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 700 inhabitants.

Řetová lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi) south-west of Ústí nad Orlicí, 45 kilometres (28 mi) east of Pardubice, and 141 kilometres (88 mi) east of Prague.

Pardubice
Pardubice (Czech pronunciation: [ˈpardubɪtsɛ] ⓘ; German: Pardubitz) is a city in the Czech Republic. It has about 92,000 inhabitants. It is the capital city of the Pardubice Region and lies on the Elbe River. The historic centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument reservation.

Pardubice is known as a centre of industry, with dominant industries being the chemical industry, electrical engineering and mechanical engineering. The city is also well known for its sporting events, which include the Velká pardubická (a cross-country steeplechase), the Golden Helmet of Pardubice in motorcycle racing, and the Czech Open international chess and board games festival.
Sher Lama
Sher Lama (born 9 January 1973) is a Nepali-born Hong Kong cricketer who has played one One Day International (ODI) and four ICC Trophy matches for Hong Kong. He became the first Nepal-born cricketer to play a One Day International when he debuted against Bangladesh in the 2004 Asia Cup. His only One Day International saw him hit 16 unbeaten runs against Bangladesh at the 2004 Asia Cup from number nine in the batting order, which was the second-highest score of the Hong Kong innings. However, it did not prevent him being left out of the second match against Pakistan. Lama also played four matches at the 2001 ICC Trophy, scoring 38 runs with the highest score of 19 (against United States) and bowling 16 overs without taking a wicket. He has also coached Hong Kong national women's team.

2004 Asia Cup
The eighth edition of cricket's Asia Cup (also called Indian Oil Asia Cup) was held in Sri Lanka after a gap of 4 years. Sri Lanka beat India in the final to win the cup. The 4 test playing Asian nations participated in the tournament along with, for the first time, leading Asian associate nations, the UAE and Hong Kong.
Elaphria grata
Elaphria grata, the grateful midget moth, is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mississippi, Missouri, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Ontario, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia and 
Wisconsin.

The wingspan is 20–26 mm. Adults are on wing from April to October in multiple generations per year.

The larvae have been recorded feeding on forbs, Quercus species and dead leaves.

Forb
A forb or phorb is a herbaceous flowering plant that is not a graminoid (grass, sedge, or rush). The term is used in botany and in vegetation ecology especially in relation to grasslands and understory. Typically, these are eudicots without woody stems.