hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Eduardo Sousa
Eduardo Sousa Holm is a Spanish farmer who makes goose foie gras without gavage (force feeding), at his farm in Extremadura. Chef Dan Barber described his experience of Sousa's farm in his book, The Third Plate, and at a TED presentation in 2008. on the radio show This American Life in 2011.

Eduardo Sousa has been operating his family farm and adjunct restaurant, La Pateria de Sousa, which claims to have been in continual production since 1812. La Pateria de Sousa was awarded the Coup de Coeur award at the Salon International d'Alimentation, SIAL 2006, in Paris.

Sousa's farm affords the geese an abundance of foods that grow on the property, from figs to acorns, and various naturally occurring herbs such as the seeds from the yellow bush lupine which gives his foie gras the characteristically yellow color of foie gras that is usually produced through the force-feeding process using corn.

Force-feeding
Force-feeding is the practice of feeding a human or animal against their will. The term gavage (UK: /ˈɡævɑːʒ, ɡæˈvɑːʒ/, US: /ɡəˈvɑːʒ/, French: [ɡavaʒ] ⓘ) refers to supplying a substance by means of a small plastic feeding tube passed through the nose (nasogastric) or mouth (orogastric) into the stomach.
714 Ulula
714 Ulula is a main belt asteroid. It is orbiting the Sun near the 3:1 Kirkwood Gap with a period of 4.04 years and an eccentricity of 0.057. It was discovered by German astronomer J. Helffrich on 18 May 1911 from the Heidelberg Observatory and was named after an order of owls. The asteroid has a mean radius of 20 km and is spinning with a rotation period of seven hours. Its pole of rotation lies just 4–14° away from the plane of the ecliptic. The surface spectrum shows a pyroxene chemistry and is consistent with mesosiderites/HED meteorites.

Equivalent radius
In applied sciences, the equivalent radius (or mean radius) is the radius of a circle or sphere with the same perimeter, area, or volume of a non-circular or non-spherical object. The equivalent diameter (or mean diameter) () is twice the equivalent radius.
Solidarity Party (Lebanon)
The Solidarity Party (Hizb Al-Tadamon Al-Lubnany; Arabic:حزب التضامن اللبناني) is a Lebanese political party established in 1985 and by Emile Rahme and part of the March 8 Alliance. It had one seat in the 2009 Lebanese elections. Emile Rahme, who was in 2000 an external candidate in Bsharri District, was elected deputy for the Maronite seat of Baalbek-Hermel District in 2009. In 2018 and again in 2022, he lost his seat to the Lebanese Forces candidate Antoine Habchi.

In 1986 and till now, it is an active member in the Maronite Union. Rahme is also considered an active member in the National Christian Union Committee since 2008.

Hermel
Hermel (Arabic: الهرمل) is a town in Baalbek-Hermel Governorate, Lebanon. It is the capital of Hermel District. Hermel is home to a Lebanese Red Cross First Aid Center. Hermel's inhabitants are predominantly Shia Muslims.

There is an ancient pyramid known as Kamouh el Hermel (Pyramid or Needle of Hermel) located about 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) south of the town that is a popular attraction for local tourists.
Gurdwara Karamsar Rara Sahib
Gurdwara Karamsar (Punjabi: ਗੁਰਦੁਆਰਾ ਕਰਮਸਰ), situated in Rara Sahib, a village situated in district Ludhiana, Punjab, India, is a well-renowned Gurdwara complex within the Sikh Community, attributed to Sant Isher Singh ji and Sant Kishen Singh ji, two prominent Brahmgiani Sikh Saints of the 20th Century.

Gurdwara Karamsar was established in 1936 and was named after Sant Karam Singh ji, a revered saint of Hoti Mardan and the predecessor of Sant Attar Singh ji of Reru Sahib, who was the teacher of Sant Isher Singh Ji and Sant Kishen Singh Ji.

Ludhiana district
Ludhiana district is one of the 23 districts in the Indian state of Punjab. It is Punjab's largest district by both area and population. Ludhiana, the largest city in Punjab, is the district headquarters.

The main industries are bicycle parts and hosiery. Ludhiana is a hub of ladies footwear manufacturing, with around 10,000 small-scale units. The district is made up of seven tehsils, seven sub-tehsils and twelve development blocks.

Ludhiana district has the highest HDI in Punjab at 0.761 (2004 UNDP).
Arrighetti
Arrighetti is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ilaria Arrighetti (born 1993), Italian rugby player

Nicolò Arrighetti (1709–1767), Italian professor

Spencer Arrighetti (born 2000), American baseball player

Valentina Arrighetti (born 1985), Italian volleyball player

Ilaria Arrighetti
Ilaria Arrighetti (born 2 March 1993, in Cernusco sul Naviglio) is an Italian rugby union player who plays in the back row for Stade Rennais Rugby and the Italy women's national rugby union team. She competed at the 2017, 2021 and 2025 World Cups.
Volodymyr Antonovych
Volodymyr Bonifatiyovych Antonovych (Ukrainian: Володимир Боніфатійович Антонович; Polish: Włodzimierz Antonowicz; Russian: Влади́мир Бонифа́тьевич Антоно́вич, tr. Vladímir Bonifát'evich Antonóvich; January 18 [O.S. January 6] 1834 – March 21 [O.S. March 8] 1908) was a prominent Ukrainian historian, archivist and archaeologist, who was known as one of the most prominent figures of the Ukrainian national revival movement in the Russian Empire. Antonovych was a longtime Professor of Russian history at Saint Vladimir Imperial University of Kiev and a correspondent-member of the St. Petersburg Imperial Academy of Sciences. His main work was an edition of the eight-section Archives of South-Western Russia, as head of the Kyiv Archeographic Commission.

Archivist
An archivist is an information professional who assesses, collects, organizes, preserves, maintains control over, and provides access to records and archives determined to have long-term value. The records that are maintained by an archivist can consist of a variety of forms, including but not limited to letters, diaries, logs, other personal documents, government documents, sound or picture recordings, digital files, or other physical objects.
Battle of Jarama
The Battle of Jarama (6–27 February 1937) was an attempt by General Francisco Franco's Nationalists to dislodge the Republican lines along the river Jarama, just east of Madrid, during the Spanish Civil War. Elite Spanish Legionnaires and Moroccan Regulares from the Army of Africa forced back the Republican Army of the Centre, including the International Brigades, but after days of fierce fighting no breakthrough was achieved. Republican counterattacks along the captured ground likewise failed, resulting in heavy casualties to both sides.

Spanish Republican Army
The Spanish Republican Army (Spanish: Ejército de la República Española) was the main branch of the Armed Forces of the Second Spanish Republic between 1931 and 1939.

It became known as People's Army of the Republic (Ejército Popular de la República) after it was reorganized, following the disbandment of the voluntary militias that were formed in July 1936 at the beginning of the Spanish Civil War.
Mohammed Ali Palace Museum
Mohammed Ali Palace Museum is a museum located in Bogra, Bangladesh. The museum and adjacent park has been established within the Nawab Palace on the western banks of the Karatoya River. It was officially announced as Preserved Antiquity by the Department of Archeology in May 2016.

Department of Archaeology (Bangladesh)
Department of Archaeology (Bengali: প্রত্নতত্ত্ব অধিদপ্তর, pronounced [baŋladeʃ protnototto ɔdʱidoptor]) is one of the government agency of Bangladesh. By the Laws of Archaeology 1964 (amended in 1976) this agency maintains the conservation and preservation of archaeological sites in the country. Since 2013, the department has been running its activities from the Administration Building situated in Agargaon in Dhaka.
Edward Goldsmith (priest)
Edward Goldmith (1662–1722) was an Irish Anglican priest in the 17th century.

Goldsmith was educated at Trinity College, Dublin. He was ordained on 17 May 1664 and held livings at Ardcarne, Eastersnow and Kilmactrany. Goldsmith was Prebendary of Rasharkin in Lisburn Cathedral from 1692 until 1700. He was Dean of Elphin from 1700 until his death.

His first cousin Robert Goldsmith was paternal grandfather of the poet Oliver Goldsmith; and his son Isaac Dean of Cloyne from 1736 to 1769.

Estersnow
53°56′0″N 8°06′40″W﻿ / ﻿53.93333°N 8.11111°W﻿ / 53.93333; -8.11111

Estersnow more commonly Eastersnow and less commonly Easter-Snow is a civil parish in  the ancient barony of Boyle in County Roscommon, Ireland.
It is 1295 hectares in area and contains the old churchyard. The area is mostly farmland but also contains the cavetown Loughs.
Vidlič
Vidlič or Vidlich (Cyrillic: Видлич, [ˈvidlit͡ʃ]) is a mountain on the border of Bulgaria and Serbia, near the town of Pirot. Its highest peak Golemi vrh has an elevation of 1,413 meters above sea level.

Pirot
Pirot (Serbian Cyrillic: Пирот) is a city and the administrative center of the Pirot District in southeastern Serbia. According to 2022 census, the urban area of the city has a population of 34,942, while the population of the city administrative area has 49,601 inhabitants.

The city has rich geographical features, including the mountains of Stara Planina, Vlaška Planina, Belava, Suva Planina; rivers which flow through the town, including Nišava, Jerma, Rasnička Reka, Temštica and the Visočica; and four lakes, the Zavoj Lake, Berovacko Lake, Krupac Lake and Sukovo Lake.

It also has a rich culture, with notable Orthodox church buildings, including the Church of St. Petka, and the monastery of St. Georges and St. John the Theologian from the late 14th century, both of which display an example of medieval architecture. Pirot is known for its traditional woven carpet, the Pirot carpet (Pirot ćilim).
Theonesios II
Theonesios II of Characene was a 1st century king of  the kingdom of Characene located at the mouth of the Tigris-Euphrates rivers during antiquity. He ruled for only a few months in 46/47AD. His rule is known only by the coins he minted.

He was succeeded by Theonesios III.

Mint (facility)
A mint is an industrial facility which manufactures coins that can be used as currency.

The history of mints correlates closely with the history of coins. In the beginning, hammered coinage or cast coinage were the chief means of coin minting, with resulting production runs numbering as little as the hundreds or thousands. In modern mints, coin dies are manufactured in large numbers and planchets are made into milled coins by the billions.

With the mass production of currency, the production cost is weighed when minting coins. For example, it costs the United States Mint much less than 25 cents to make a quarter (a 25 cent coin), and the difference in production cost and face value (called seigniorage) helps fund the minting body. Conversely, a U.S. penny ($0.01) cost $0.015 to make in 2016.
Sippican River
The Sippican River ("long river") is a short river in Massachusetts, United States.

The Sippican River is 6.2 miles (10.0 km) long, arising from east and west branches in the towns of Mattapoisett, Marion (once known as Sippican), and Rochester, Massachusetts. Each branch flows through a complex system of cranberry bogs and reservoirs, and empties a short distance away through Wareham into Buzzards Bay near the Weweantic River mouth.

As of 2006, efforts are underway to restore the native alewife population to the river.

Alewife (fish)
The alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus; pl.: alewives) is an anadromous species of herring found in North America.  It is one of the "typical" North American shads, attributed to the subgenus Pomolobus of the genus Alosa. As an adult it is a marine species found in the northern West Atlantic Ocean, moving into estuaries before swimming upstream to breed in freshwater habitats, but some populations live entirely in fresh water. It is best known for its invasion of the Great Lakes by using the Welland Canal to bypass Niagara Falls. Here, its population surged, peaking between the 1950s and 1980s to the detriment of many native species of fish. In an effort to control it biologically, Pacific salmon were introduced, only partially successfully. As a marine fish, the alewife is a US National Marine Fisheries Service "Species of Concern".
The Voodoo World Tour
The Voodoo World Tour was a concert tour by American R&B/neo soul singer D'Angelo in support of his Platinum selling album, Voodoo. The tour started March 1, with the first of five nights in Los Angeles, CA at the House of Blues. The singer's itinerary included two North American legs, as well as dates throughout Europe and South America.

Call and response
Call and response is a form of interaction between a speaker and an audience in which the speaker's statements ("calls") are punctuated by responses from the listeners, for example in protest gatherings and marches where calls such as "what do we want?" and "when do we want it?" form a vehicle for promoting the issue underlying the protest. This form is also used in music, where it falls under the general category of antiphony.
Reflections at Bukit Chandu
Reflections at Bukit Chandu is a World War II interpretive centre developed and managed by the National Archives of Singapore, located on Bukit Chandu (Malay for "Opium Hill") off Pasir Panjang Road in Singapore.

The centre was officially opened by Singapore's Deputy Prime Minister Tony Tan on 15 February 2002. This date also marks the 60th anniversary of the fall of Singapore in 1942.

Battle of Pasir Panjang
The Battle of Pasir Panjang, which took place between 13 and 15 February 1942, was part of the final stage of the Empire of Japan's invasion of Singapore during World War II. The battle was initiated upon the advancement of elite Imperial Japanese Army forces towards Pasir Panjang Ridge on 13 February.

13,000 Japanese troops had made an amphibious landing in northwestern Singapore near Sarimbun (see Battle of Sarimbun Beach) and had started to advance south towards Pasir Panjang. They had already captured Tengah Airfield en route. The 13,000 soldiers constituted a significant part of the total strength of 36,000 Japanese troops deployed in the invasion of Singapore.
Oberhalbstein Alps
The Oberhalbstein Alps (German: Oberhalbsteiner Alpen) or Platta Group (Italian: Alpi del Platta) are a mountain range in the Alps of eastern Switzerland and northern Italy. They are considered to be part of the Central Eastern Alps. The Oberhalbstein Alps are separated from the Lepontine Alps in the west by the Splügen Pass; from the Plessur Alps in the north by the river Albula; from the Albula Alps in the east by the Septimer Pass and the river Gelgia; from the Bernina Range in the south by the Val Bregaglia.

The Oberhalbstein Alps are drained by the rivers Hinterrhein, Gelgia, Liro and Mera.

Liro (Como)
The Liro is a torrente, or stream, in the north Italian Province of Como. The drainage basin is triangular in shape; its principal source lies on Monte Marmontana near the Swiss border and flows through the Valle San Iorio (also Jorio). The second source lies to the northeast on the slopes of Pizzo Martello and forms the Valle del Dosso. Near Dosso del Liro the stream receives the waters of the torrente Ronzone, which flows from Monte Duria through the Val d’Inferno. The Liro enters Lake Como at Gravedona.
Garfield station (CTA Red Line)
Garfield is an "L" station on the CTA's Red Line. The station is located in the median of the Dan Ryan Expressway. It is located in the Fuller Park neighborhood. This is the Red Line's closest stop to the University of Chicago and the Museum of Science and Industry, although the museum is more than two miles away. The station shares its name with its Green Line equivalent.

Chicago Transit Authority
The Chicago Transit Authority (CTA) is a public transit agency in Chicago, Illinois, United States. It operates the Chicago "L" rail system and CTA bus services.

The CTA was established as an independent governmental agency by the Metropolitan Transportation Act passed by the Illinois General Assembly on April 12, 1945. It started operations on October 1, 1947, upon the purchase and combination of the transportation assets of the Chicago Rapid Transit Company and the Chicago Surface Lines streetcar system. In 1952, CTA purchased the assets of the Chicago Motor Coach Company, resulting in a fully unified system. Today, the CTA is one of the three service boards financially supported by the Regional Transportation Authority, and CTA service connects with Metra commuter rail and Pace Suburban Bus.

In 2025, the system had a ridership of 319,160,900, or about 971,400 per weekday as of the fourth quarter of 2025.
1977 WHA playoffs
The 1977 WHA playoffs was the postseason tournament of the World Hockey Association's 1976–77 season. For the first time ever, the best team in points for the regular season did not win the championship, as the Houston Aeros were trounced in the Semifinal round to end their three-year streak of reaching the Avco Cup Final by the Winnipeg Jets. The tournament concluded with the Eastern Division champion Quebec Nordiques defeating the Western Division champion Winnipeg Jets in seven games for their first and only Avco Cup championship. Serge Bernier was named the WHA Playoff MVP.

François Lacombe
François Lacombe (born February 24, 1948) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey defenceman, who played in the National Hockey League (NHL) and World Hockey Association (WHA) between 1968 and 1980. He spent parts of three seasons in the NHL with the Oakland Seals and Buffalo Sabres before moving to the WHA and playing for the Quebec Nordiques and Calgary Cowboys, playing briefly for the Nordiques again when they joined the NHL.
Eppure sentire (Un senso di te)
"Eppure sentire (Un senso di te)" is a song by Italian singer Elisa, released on January 12, 2007 as the second single from her first greatest hits compilation Soundtrack '96-'06.

The song is part of the soundtrack supervised by Paolo Buonvino for the film Manual of Love 2, directed by Giovanni Veronesi. The song was nominated for the David di Donatello for Best Original Song, marking the artist's first nomination.

Manual of Love 2
Manual of Love 2 (Italian: Manuale d'amore 2 - Capitoli successivi) is a 2007 Italian romantic comedy film in four quartets directed by Giovanni Veronesi.   It is the sequel of Manual of Love and was followed by Manual of Love 3.
Tekin, Germencik
Tekin is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Germencik, Aydın Province, Turkey. Its population is 226 (2022). The ruins of ancient Magnesia on the Maeander are near Tekin. The village is inhabited by Tahtacı.

Aydın Province
Aydın Province (Turkish: Aydın ili) is a province and metropolitan municipality of southwestern Turkey, located in the Aegean Region. Its area is 8,116 km2, and its population is 1,148,241 (2022). The provincial capital is the city of Aydın. Other towns in the province include the summer seaside resorts of Didim and Kuşadası.
Mike Snoei
Mike Snoei (born 4 December 1963) is a former Dutch football player and manager. During his playing days, Snoei played for Excelsior and Sparta Rotterdam in the Eredivisie and Eerste Divisie from 1982 to 1993. He was a member of the Dutch squad at the 1983 FIFA World Youth Championship.

1983 FIFA World Youth Championship
The 1983 FIFA World Youth Championship was the fourth edition FIFA World Youth Championship tournament, hosted from 2 June to 19 June 1983 in seven venues in Mexico — Guadalajara, Irapuato, León, Mexico City, Monterrey, Puebla and Toluca — where a total of 32 matches were played. Brazil U20 defeated Argentina, 1–0, at Mexico City's Azteca Stadium to claim its inaugural tournament title of five.

This edition still retains the record average daily attendance of 36,099 in the tournament's history. This test of Mexico's capacity and capability to host a major FIFA tournament was recognized in May to host the 1986 FIFA World Cup.
Al Faruq (Riyadh)
Al-Faruq (Arabic: الفاروق, lit. 'the distinguisher') is a neighborhood in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, located north of al-Faisaliah and south of al-Safa in the sub-municipality of al-Malaz. It is named after al-Farooq. The district contains the Rimal Center, a Saudi Electricity Company Office, Dragon World, eXtra, SACO, IKEA and Panda outlets.

Al Malaz Sub-Municipality
Al-Malaz Sub-Municipality (also Al-Malaz; Arabic: بلدية الملز) is one of the 16 baladiyahs of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Besides the eponymous neighborhood after which it is named, it consists of 15 other localities and sub-districts, including az-Zahra, al-Faruq, ad-Dhubat, Jarir and ar-Rabwah. and is responsible for their planning, development and maintenance.
Onattukara
Odanad (Malayalam: ōṭānāṭŭ, also known as Onattukara,Kayamkulam, Onad, Kallikoilon and Chirava Svaroopam) was a feudal state in late medieval Kerala.

It was established in the 11th century, and disestablished in 1746 when it became part of Travancore Kingdom after the King Marthanda Varma's northern expedition. The last king of Odanad was King Kotha Varma. At the time of its dissolution, it was composed of the present-day taluks of Mavelikkara, Karthikapally, Chenganur in the Alappuzha district and Karunagapally in the Kollam district. Another name of onattukara is kayamkulam. In the 15th century, the capital of Odanad was moved from Kandiyoor-Muttom to Eruva and Krishnapuram in Kayamkulam, which led to the state being called Kayamkulam. After this shift, Kayamkulam became the commercial centre of Odanad, while Mavelikkara remained its cultural centre. Odanad was controlled by Nair lords, among whom the ruler of Kayamkulam was the most prominent.

Karunagappalli
Karunagappally is a municipality in the Kollam district of Kerala, India. It is 24 km north of Kollam and 60 km (37 mi) south of Alappuzha. Karunagappally taluk consists of Alappad, Ochira, Adinad, Karunagappally, Thazhava, Pavumba, Thodiyoor, Kallalibhagom, Thevalakkara, Chavara, Neendakara, Clappana, Kulasekharapuram, Thekkumbhagam, Ayanivelikulangara, Panmana, Ponmana and Vadakumthala. The taluk is bound on the north by Kayamkulam, on the east by Kunnathur taluk, on the south by Kollam and on the west by the Arabian Sea. It is one of the fastest developing towns in Kerala and is part of Kollam metropolitan area.

Karunagappally is the location of a government engineering college named the College of Engineering Karunagappally, also known as CEK, and a Government Arts & Science College under the University of Kerala. Europeans called Karunagappally Martha. It is also home to renowned Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University's campus.
Sam Douglas
Sam Douglas (born Douglas Samuel Waters; 17 June 1957) is a British actor best known for his role as private detective Scott Shelby in the PlayStation 3 video game Heavy Rain, as King Herod in The Bible miniseries for the History Channel, and as Rosebud in the movie Snatch. He has had several other roles in films, television, commercials, and on stage.

Snatch (film)
Snatch is a 2000 British crime comedy film written and directed by Guy Ritchie, featuring an ensemble cast and set in the London criminal underworld. The film contains two intertwined plots: one following the search for a stolen diamond, and the other focusing on a small-time boxing promoter (Jason Statham) who becomes embroiled with a ruthless gangster (Alan Ford) willing to carry out severe and sadistic acts of violence.

The film shares themes and stylistic elements with Ritchie's first feature, Lock, Stock and Two Smoking Barrels, and includes many of the same actors. It is noted for its fast-paced editing, ensemble storytelling, and dark comedic tone.