hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Phutball
Phutball (short for Philosopher's Football) is a two-player abstract strategy board game described in Elwyn Berlekamp, John Horton Conway, and Richard K. Guy's Winning Ways for your Mathematical Plays.

Richard K. Guy
Richard Kenneth Guy (30 September 1916 – 9 March 2020) was a British mathematician. He was a professor in the Department of Mathematics at the University of Calgary. He is known for his work in number theory, geometry, recreational mathematics, combinatorics, and graph theory. He is best known for co-authorship (with John Conway and Elwyn Berlekamp) of Winning Ways for your Mathematical Plays and authorship of Unsolved Problems in Number Theory. He published more than 300 scholarly articles. Guy proposed the partially tongue-in-cheek "strong law of small numbers", which says there are not enough small integers available for the many tasks assigned to them – thus explaining many coincidences and patterns found among numerous cultures. For this paper he received the MAA Lester R. Ford Award.
Liam's Map
Liam's Map (foaled 14 March 2011) is an American Thoroughbred racehorse. Unraced as a juvenile, he won three of his four races in 2014 without being tested against top-class opposition. As a four-year-old he emerged as one of the best horses in North America with win in the Woodward Stakes and the Breeders' Cup Dirt Mile. He was retired at the end of the season with a record of six wins and two places in eight starts.

Woodward Stakes
The Woodward Stakes is an American Grade Il stakes race and is one of the premier races for older thoroughbred horses in the United States. It is named for prominent racehorse owner William Woodward.

The race was first run in 1954 at Aqueduct Racetrack and then at Belmont Park in late September. In 2006, the Woodward was moved to Saratoga Race Course where it was run on the final Saturday of the meet until 2020. The race was moved back to Belmont Park in 2021.

The Woodward was run as a handicap in 1954, 1955, and in 1976 and 1977. From 1957 through 1975 it was a weight-for-age event, and was run as an allowance stakes from 1977 through 1987. The race returned to being a handicap event in 1988, 1989, and 1990 then reverted to a weight-for-age race in 1991. In 2014, it was changed to allowance weights, meaning horses that do not meet certain conditions carry less weight. In 2020, it was returned to a handicap basis.
Chak Mai Dass
Chak Mai Dass  also spelled as Chak Maidas is a village in the Shaheed Bhagat Singh Nagar district of Punjab, India. It is located 3.7 kilometres (2.3 mi) away from postal head office Kultham, 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) from Banga, 25.6 kilometres (15.9 mi) from district headquarter Shaheed Bhagat Singh Nagar and 117 kilometres (73 mi) from state capital Chandigarh. The village is administrated by Sarpanch an elected representative of the village.

Banga, India
Banga is a town and Municipal council in the Shaheed Bhagat Singh Nagar district of Punjab, India. Banga is also one of the sub-division (tehsil) headquarters of the district. Banga is located on Phagwara-Rupnagar section of National Highway 344A (Earlier State Highway 18 of Punjab). It is currently estimated to have a population of about 23,000 and is classified as a class 2 Municipality. The town also incorporates the former village of Jindowal apart from Banga town.
Health Insurance Act 1973
The Health Insurance Act of 1973 (Cth) was an Act of the Parliament of Australia, passed by the Labor Whitlam government, which introduced the Commonwealth of Australia's first universal healthcare scheme: Medicare (Australia). It was later amended under the Fraser government, wherein Medibank Private was established and the public healthcare scheme was progressively wound back. The Hawke government re-established the scheme under the name Medicare.

Fraser government
The Fraser government was the federal executive government of Australia led by Prime Minister Malcolm Fraser. It was made up of members of a Liberal–Country party coalition in the Australian Parliament from November 1975 to March 1983. Initially appointed as a caretaker government following the dismissal of the Whitlam government, Fraser won in a landslide at the resulting 1975 Australian federal election, and won substantial majorities at the subsequent 1977 and 1980 elections, before losing to the Bob Hawke–led Australian Labor Party in the 1983 election.
Cereda Pass
The Cereda Pass (Italian: Passo Cereda) (1361 m) is a high mountain pass in the southern Dolomites between the provinces of Trentino and Belluno in Italy.It connects Agordo in the Cordevole valley and Fiera di Primiero.

The Alta Via 2 traverses the pass, along with the state road, SS 347.

Alta Via 2
Alta via 2 is a high route located in the Italian Dolomites between Brixen (Bressanone) in the north and Croce d'Aune near Feltre in the south.

The route is nicknamed "The High Route of the legends" and indeed with the exception of its initial and final segments, it maintains an altitude of at least 1300 meters.

The trail passes through various mountain ranges including Plose-Putia, Puez-Odle, Sella, Marmolada, Pale di San Martino and Vette Feltrine, and crosses 30 mountain passes.
Keggy the Keg
Keggy the Keg is the unofficial mascot of Dartmouth College, an Ivy League college in Hanover, New Hampshire, United States. Keggy is an anthropomorphic beer keg, created in 2003 by members of the college humor magazine the Dartmouth Jack-O-Lantern, to fill the mascot void that followed the abolition of the unofficial Native American mascot in 1974. Due to its nature, the mascot was controversial on Dartmouth's campus, and it was reported on in a variety of national media. With time, however, it has become an "ingrained part of Dartmouth culture".

The Dartmouth
The Dartmouth is the daily student newspaper at Dartmouth College and America's oldest college newspaper. Originally named the Dartmouth Gazette, the first issue was published on August 27, 1799, under the motto "Here range the world—explore the dense and rare; and view all nature in your elbow chair."

First published by Moses Davis, the newspaper is now published by The Dartmouth, Inc., an independent, nonprofit corporation chartered in the state of New Hampshire. Many alumni of The Dartmouth have gone on to careers in journalism, and several have won Pulitzer Prizes.
Outline of Apple Inc.
The following outline of Apple Inc. is a topical guide to the products, history, retail stores, corporate acquisitions, and personnel under the purview of the American multinational corporation:

Apple Inc. was founded as Apple Computer Company on April 1, 1976, to produce and market Steve Wozniak's Apple I personal computer. The company was incorporated by Wozniak and Steve Jobs in 1977. Apple became the first publicly traded U.S. company to be valued at over $1 trillion in August 2018, $2 trillion in August 2020, and at $3 trillion in January 2022. Since 2011, Apple has been the world's largest company by market capitalization except when Microsoft held the position between January and June 2024.

Anobit
Anobit Technologies, Ltd. (Hebrew: אנוביט) was an Israeli fabless designer of flash memory controllers. They were acquired by Apple in 2012 as they were the maker of a flash-memory drive component for the iPhone.
Bure Broads and Marshes
Bure Broads and Marshes is a 741.1-hectare (1,831-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest north-east of Norwich in Norfolk, England. Most of it is a Nature Conservation Review site, Grade I and National Nature Reserve. Two areas are nature reserves managed by the Norfolk Wildlife Trust, Cockshoot Broad and Ranworth Broad. It is part of the Broadland Ramsar site and Special Protection Area and The Broads Special Area of Conservation.

This is described by Natural England as a "nationally and internationally important wetland complex", which is situated on fenland peats in the floodplain of the River Bure. A notable feature is an extensive area of swamp alder carr on unstable peats and mud. There are a number of rare bird and butterfly species.

Alder carr
An alder carr is a particular type of carr, i.e. waterlogged wooded terrain populated with alder trees. They can be found across the United Kingdom, sometimes attracting ash trees should they become drier. Many have developed alongside streams in the New Forest, where the Alder's capacity to thrive in a water logged environment allows them to become the dominant species of tree in these areas. The presence of particular bacteria, Frankia alni, enables their root systems to extract nitrogen from the air, thus making up for the lack of nitrogen in waterlogged soil.

Alder carrs have often been coppiced, whereby cutting away growth at ground level encourages new trunks to grow at ground level. This means the wood can be repeatedly harvested. This wood can then be used to make water pipes, wooden pumps, as well as piles under bridges. Other uses have included charcoal for making gun powder, and filters for gas masks.
Shin'yō Wakashū
The Waka Collection of New Leaves (新葉和歌集, Shin'yō Wakashū) is a Nanboku-chō period collection of Japanese poetry compiled by Munenaga Shinnō ca. 1381. Although commissioned by Emperor Chōkei (r. 1368-83) of the Southern Court, it is not included in the Nijūichidaishū, i.e., the twenty-one imperial waka anthologies for political reasons – the "official" anthologies had been sponsored by the rival Northern Court and the Ashikaga shōguns.

The Shin'yō Wakashū consists of twenty books, 1,420 poems in total. The poems included are mainly from the Nijō poetic school, but there is also a substantial amount of warrior-class poems.

Northern Court
The Northern Court (北朝, hokuchō), also known as the Ashikaga Pretenders or Northern Pretenders, were a set of six pretenders to the throne of Japan during the Nanboku-chō period from 1336 through 1392. Even though the present Imperial House of Japan is descended from the Northern Court emperors, The Southern Court is  considered the legitimate line, with the argument being that it was the Southern court which possessed the Imperial Regalia, which was later handed over to the Northern court, thus making Emperor Go-Komatsu the 100th Emperor of Japan. It was in 1911 that Emperor Meiji passed an edict which made the Southern line the legitimate one. Before this, pre-Meiji scholars considered the Northern line as the legitimate line.

The Northern dynasty is also referred to as the "senior line" or the Jimyōin line (持明院統, Jimyōin-tō); Jimyō-in was a temple and retirement residence of this line's emperors Go-Fukakusa and Fushimi.
WSWW-FM
WSWW-FM (Lake County 95.7 3WS) is a country music formatted broadcast radio station licensed to Craigsville, West Virginia, serving the Summersville/Webster Springs/Richwood area. WSWW-FM is owned and operated by WVRC Media.

WSWW-FM previously simulcast the format of WJLS 560 AM Beckley.

On August 8, 2022, WSWW-FM dropped its simulcast with WJLS and changed its format to country, branded as "Lake Country 95.7 3WS".

Richwood, West Virginia
Richwood is a city in Nicholas County, West Virginia, United States. In 2020, the census showed Richwood with a population of 1,661. During the 19th and early 20th century Richwood was a booming coal and lumber town. Richwood has a very rich history, including the formation of the Cherry River Navy civic organization to draw attention to issues important to the community. Richwood has also become known statewide as the "Ramp Capital of the World". Each year, in April, the city hosts a large festival that draws visitors from around the country.
1958 United States Senate special election in West Virginia
The 1958 United States Senate special election in West Virginia was held on November 4, 1958, concurrent with a regular election. The election was called due to the death of Senator Matthew M. Neely.

Democrats Randolph and Byrd both won their seats, amid a national wave election. This would be the last time that Democrats simultaneously flipped both of a state's Senate seats until Georgia's elections in 2020 and 2021, and the last for either party until the 1978 elections in Minnesota.

This election, along with the simultaneous regular election, is the last time a Senator from West Virginia lost re-election.

Matthew M. Neely
Matthew Mansfield Neely (November 9, 1874 – January 18, 1958) was an American Democratic politician from West Virginia. He is the only West Virginian to serve in both houses of the United States Congress and as the 21st governor of West Virginia. He is also the only person to have held a full term in both Senate seats from the state.
Land of Women
Land of Women (Spanish: Tierra de mujeres) is a comedy drama thriller television series. It was created by Ramón Campos, inspired by award-winning author Sandra Barneda’s bestselling novel. The series premiered on June 26, 2024 on Apple TV+. Following its release, Land of Women reached the platform's Top 10 list in numerous countries, including Mexico, Costa Rica, Latvia, Bulgaria, Bahamas and Peru.

Carmen Maura
María del Carmen García Maura (born 15 September 1945) is a Spanish actress. In a career that has spanned six decades, she has starred in films such as Women on the Verge of a Nervous Breakdown, ¡Ay Carmela!, Common Wealth, and Volver. With three wins, she holds the record for most Goya Awards for Best Actress (for a total of four wins). She also won a Cesar Award in 2012 and a Cannes Film Festival Award in 2006.
2011–12 in the Mexican drug war
In 2011 and 2012, during the Mexican drug war, hundreds of people were killed in massacres by rival drug cartels who were fighting for power and territory. These organized-crime syndicates were grappling for control over the drug corridors to the United States, the drug markets in local cities, extortion rackets, and human smuggling. Massacres occurred in the states of Veracruz, Sinaloa, Jalisco, Tamaulipas and Nuevo León.

Blog del Narco
Blog del Narco (Narco's Blog) is a citizen journalism blog that attempts to document the events of the Mexican drug war, primarily those not reported by the government of Mexico or the Mexican news media.
1994 Football League Cup final
The 1994 Football League Cup final took place on 27 March 1994 at the old Wembley Stadium. It was contested between Manchester United and Aston Villa. Aston Villa won 3–1, with one goal from Dalian Atkinson and two from Dean Saunders, to claim their fourth League Cup final victory; Manchester United's goal was scored by Mark Hughes, before Andrei Kanchelskis was sent off for handball. Manchester United won both the Premier League and the FA Cup that season, this result denying United a domestic treble, while Villa finished 10th in the Premier League.

1993–94 FA Premier League
The 1993–94 FA Premier League (known as the FA Carling Premiership for sponsorship reasons) was the second season of the FA Premier League, the top division of professional football in England. Manchester United won the league by eight points over nearest challengers Blackburn Rovers, their second consecutive league title. Swindon Town finished bottom of the league in their first season of top-flight football and were relegated along with Sheffield United and Oldham Athletic. Manchester United also broke their own record of the most points in a season, set by themselves the previous season. This would be surpassed by Chelsea in the 2004–05 season.
Perfect Sting
Perfect Sting (foaled 1996 in Kentucky) is an American Thoroughbred Championracehorse and broodmare. Bred by Frank Stronach's Adena Springs Farm and raced by his Stronach Stables, she was sired by Red Ransom and out of the mare Valid Victress.

Perfect Sting raced from age two through five during which time she won the 2000 Breeders' Cup Filly & Mare Turf for trainer Joe Orseno and was voted that year's American Champion Female Turf Horse. She was retired to broodmare duty after her 2001 campaign having won fourteen of twenty-one starts with career earnings of US$2,202,042.

American Champion Female Turf Horse
The American Champion Female Turf Horse award is an American Thoroughbred horse racing honor. It is part of the Eclipse Awards program and is awarded annually to a female horse (filly or mare) for her performance on grass race courses.

Until 1978 there was a Best Turf Horse award, open to both male and female horse. During this time, Dahlia was the only filly voted Best Turf Horse. In 1979 an individual category was created for each of the sexes.
Leury García
Leury García (born March 18, 1991) is a Dominican professional baseball utility player who is a free agent. He has previously played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Texas Rangers and Chicago White Sox. While primarily used as an infielder and center fielder, Garcia has experience at every position except catcher and first base.

Utility player
In sports, a utility player is one who can play several positions competently. Sports in which the term is often used include association football, basketball, rugby, baseball, softball, ice hockey, and water polo.

The term has gained prominence in all sports due to its use in fantasy leagues, but in rugby union and rugby league, it is commonly used by commentators to recognize a player's versatility.

The use of this term to describe a player may in some circumstances be a backhanded compliment, as it suggests the player is not good enough to be considered a specialist in one position (i.e., a jack of all trades).
Rado ide Srbin u vojnike
Rado ide Srbin u vojnike (Serbian Cyrillic: Радо иде Србин у војнике), translated as "The Serb Enlists Gladly in the Army", is a popular Serbian patriotic song. Its music composition by Kornelije Stanković was adopted alongside Sunce jarko into Tchaikovsky's Marche Slave.

Kornelije Stanković
Kornelije Stanković (Serbian: Корнелије Станковић, romanized: Kornelije Stanković, pronounced [kǒrneːlije stǎːŋkoʋitɕ]; 23 August 1831 – 16 April 1865) was a Serbian composer, melographer, conductor, pianist and musical writer. He is notable for his four volumes of harmonized Serbian melodies, which were published in Vienna between 1858 and 1863 and are one of the most important foundations for later Serbian music.
Saroya Tinker
Saroya Tinker (born February 17, 1998) is a Canadian former ice hockey defenceman. She last played for the Toronto Six of the Premier Hockey Federation (PHF), with whom she won the 2023 Isobel Cup championship.

Point (ice hockey)
In ice hockey, a player is credited with one point for either a goal or an assist.

The total number of goals plus assists equals total points. In the National Hockey League (NHL), the Art Ross Trophy is awarded to the player who leads the league in points at the end of the regular season.
2017 Deloitte Tankard
The 2017 Deloitte Tankard, the provincial men's curling championship of Nova Scotia, was held from January 19 to 24 at the Mayflower Curling Club in Halifax. The winning Jamie Murphy team represented Nova Scotia at the 2017 Tim Hortons Brier in St.John's, Newfoundland.

Nova Scotia Tankard
The Ocean Contractors Men's Curling Championship is the Nova Scotia provincial championship for men's curling. The tournament is run by the Nova Scotia Curling Association. The winner represents Team Nova Scotia at the Montana's Brier.

Previously, it was known as the Johnson Cup (1927-1939); British Consols (1940-1979), the Labatt Tankard, Keith's Tankard, Molson Scotia Cup, Molson Coors Tankard (2013-2014), Clearwater Men's Provincial Championship (2015), the East Coast Credit Union Tankard (2016), the Deloitte Tankard (2017–2020), the Nova Scotia Tankard (2023), and the Ocean Contractors Tankard (2024).
European Volleyball Championship of the Small Countries Division
The European Volleyball Championship of the Small Countries Association is a biannual sports competition for men's, women's and junior national teams. It is recognized and fully supported by the European Volleyball Confederation (CEV) and organized by one of its zonal associations called the CEV Small Countries Association (CEV SCA) (Small state), formerly the Small Countries Division (SCD). Only national federations of the 15 countries which are members of the CEV SCA are eligible to participate in the tournaments.

Small state
Small state is a generic term for a small country, that has limited land, population, or resources. The term "small state" is similar to the term microstate or ministate, a sovereign state having a very small population or land area, usually both. However, the meanings of "state" and "very small" are not well-defined in international law. Two important definitions for a small state are World Bank, which defines small state as those with less than 1.5 million people, which is about 40-50 countries, and the U.N. Forum on Small States which has higher threshold and includes about 100 countries, most of which are under 5 million people.

In practice small state is a usually inclusive to microstates; while microstates can be considered small states, not all small states are microstates. There is different criteria for defining small states.
V. S. Francis
V. S. Francis  is the fourth Bishop of East Kerela: he has served since 2019.

Francis  was born in Ellumpuram on 18 May 1961. He was educated at the Union Biblical Seminary, Pune. He served congregations in Chemmannar, Kattappana, Konnathadi and Kaliyar. He was also Chaplain to Bishop George Daniel and 
Treasurer of the East Kerala Diocese of the Church of South India. He was consecrated of him  at the CSI Cathedral Melukavu on 8 July 2019.

Kattappana
Kattappana ([kaʈ:ap:ɐna]) is a municipality in the Idukki district of Kerala, India. It is located 32 km (19.8 mi) southeast of the Idukki district headquarters in Painavu, 131 km (81.4 mi) east of major commercial city Kochi and 211 km (131.1 mi) north of the state capital, Thiruvananthapuram. Kattappana is the second-largest municipality in the district by population, and serves as a major hub for commercial and economic activity for the surrounding region.

Kattappana was formed primarily by settlers from Thodupuzha, Pala, Kanjirapally, Kothamangalam, Muvattupuzha and Changanassery in the 1950s, and was given the status of gram panchayat in 1962. The town later attained the Municipality status in 2015.
Anomis planalis
Anomis planalis, the common cotton looper, is a moth of the family Erebidae. The species was first described by Charles Swinhoe in 1902. It is found in northern Australia.

The wingspan is about 28 mm. Adult forewing span c. 40 mm for females and 45 mm for males.

Larvae are a pest of various Malvaceae species, including Hibiscus cannabinus and Gossypium hirsutum, as well as okra, Abutilon species and tomato.

Kenaf
Kenaf [etymology: Persian], Hibiscus cannabinus, is a plant in the family Malvaceae also called Deccan hemp and Java jute. Hibiscus cannabinus is in the genus Hibiscus and is native to Africa, though its exact origin is unknown. The name also applies to the fibre obtained from this plant. Kenaf is one of the allied fibres of jute and shows similar characteristics.
Valentina Kozlova
Valentina Kozlova (born August 26, 1957) is a Soviet-born Russian American ballerina and founder of Valentina Kozlova International Ballet Competition. In 1979, while on tour as a young principal dancer with the Bolshoi Ballet, Kozlova defected to the United States, where she became a principal dancer with New York City Ballet and later, opened her own ballet school. Perhaps best known as a lyrical and expressive ballerina, Kozlova is also renowned as a private coach, producing students who have gone on to garner prestigious prizes and positions in companies such as Boston Ballet, American Ballet Theatre, Washington Ballet, Stuttgart Ballet, Les Ballets Trockadero de Monte Carlo, Universal Ballet, and the Cuban National Ballet.

Cuban National Ballet
The Cuban National Ballet (Spanish: Ballet Nacional de Cuba) is a classical ballet company based at Great Theatre of Havana in Havana, Cuba, founded by the Cuban prima ballerina assoluta, Alicia Alonso in 1948.  The official school of the company is the Cuban National Ballet School.