hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Boechera sparsiflora
Boechera sparsiflora (formerly Arabis sparsiflora) is a species of rockcress known by the common names sicklepod rockcress and elegant rockcress. It is native to western North America from California to Utah to Yukon, where it can be found in a number of habitats. This is a coarsely hairy perennial herb growing one or more thick stems from a caudex. The stem may branch or not and it reaches up to 90 centimeters in maximum height. The leaves vary in shape from linear to arrowhead-like and may or may not have toothed edges. They are usually hairy and up to 8 or 10 centimeters long. The raceme inflorescence bears a number of flowers with spoon-shaped petals about a centimeter long in shades of purple or pink. The fruit is a large, curved silique 6 to 12 centimeters long.

Caudex
A caudex (pl.: caudices) of a plant is a stem, but the term is also used to mean a rootstock and particularly a basal stem structure from which new growth arises.

In the strict sense of the term, meaning a stem, "caudex" is most often used with plants that have a different stem morphology from the typical angiosperm dicotyledon stem; examples include palms, ferns, and cycads. The largest of all caudices is that of the ombu (Phytolacca dioica) of the Pampas of South America, which can reach up to 14 metres girth.

The related term caudiciform, literally meaning stem-like, is sometimes used to mean pachycaul, thick-stemmed. Caudices should not be confused with lignotubers which can also be very large.
Area code 603
Area code 603 is the sole telephone area code in the North American Numbering Plan (NANP) for the U.S. state of New Hampshire. It was assigned as one of the 86 original North American area codes in October 1947.

In 2011, area code 603 was projected to near exhaustion and a second area code for New Hampshire was expected to be activated by 2013 in a statewide overlay complex. As a result of changes in allocation policies, including number pooling, and a reclamation of a large block of previously allocated telephone numbers, the exhaustion time frame has been moved to at least 2032.

Prior to October 2021, area code 603 had telephone numbers assigned for the central office code 988. In 2020, 988 was designated nationwide as a dialing code for the Suicide and Crisis Lifeline, which created a conflict for exchanges that permit seven-digit dialing. This area code was therefore scheduled to transition to ten-digit dialing by October 24, 2021.

Seven-digit dialing
Seven-digit dialing is a telephone dialing procedure customary in some territories of the North American Numbering Plan (NANP) for dialing telephone numbers in the same numbering plan area (NPA). NANP telephone numbers consist of ten digits, of which the leading three are the area code. In seven-digit dialing it is not necessary to dial the area code. The procedure is also sometimes known as local format or network format.
Barbodes tumba
Barbodes tumba is a species of cyprinid fish endemic to Mindanao, Philippines where it is found in Lake Lanao and associated water systems. This species can reach a length of 12.9 centimetres (5.1 in) SL.

Cyprinidae
Cyprinidae is a family of cyprinoid freshwater fishes commonly referred to as the carp family, which includes the carps, barbs, and barbels, among others. These cyprinids also share sister taxa with the danionins and minnows under the suborder Cyprinoidei. Cyprinidae is the largest and most diverse fish family, and the largest family of vertebrates overall, with roughly 1,780 species split into 166 valid genera.

Cyprinids range from the 12 mm (0.5 in)-long glassfishes, to the 3 m (9.8 ft) giant barb (Catlocarpio siamensis). The family name is derived from the Greek word kyprînos (κυπρῖνος 'carp').
Taz Anderson
Tazwell Leigh Anderson Jr. (November 15, 1938 – September 26, 2016) was an American football player who played for the Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets football team and professionally for the St. Louis Cardinals and the Atlanta Falcons.  While at Georgia Tech, he was a member of Chi Phi fraternity. In 2005, he was elected to the Georgia Sports Hall of Fame.

After his professional sports career, Anderson became an Atlanta-area realtor, and owned TazMedia and Taz Anderson Realty. He helped create the Centennial Tower (a large olympic flame commemorating the 1996 Summer Olympics) next to The Varsity.

Anderson was also deeply involved with the Georgia Tech Athletic Association; for ten years, he was a trustee, and "has been [a] member of or chair of every major project for the Tech Athletic Association for the past 30 years." He organized and served as developer of the 1985 renovation of Alexander Memorial Coliseum. He died on September 26, 2016, at the age of 77.

McCamish Pavilion
Hank McCamish Pavilion, nicknamed The Thrillerdome and originally known as Alexander Memorial Coliseum, is an indoor arena located on the campus of the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, Georgia. It is the home of the Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets men's basketball and Yellow Jackets women's basketball teams.

The venue previously hosted the Atlanta Hawks of the National Basketball Association (NBA) from 1968 to 1972 and again from 1997 to 1999. Tech's women's volleyball team occasionally uses the facility as well, primarily for NCAA tournament games and other matches that draw crowds that would overflow the O'Keefe Gymnasium.
Graham Quinn (rugby league)
Graham Quinn (born 13 December 1957) is an Australian former rugby league footballer who played in the 1970s and 1980s primarily in Sydney's NSWRFL competition. He won premierships with the St George Dragons and represented at both state and national levels.

New South Wales Rugby League
The New South Wales Rugby League Ltd (NSWRL) is an Australian rugby league football competition operator in New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory and is a member of the Australian Rugby League Commission.

It was registered on 21 December 1983 and succeeded the New South Wales Rugby Football League which had been formed in Sydney on 8 August 1907. The NSWRFL and then NSWRL operated the premier rugby league club competitions for Sydney, then New South Wales and then Australia from 1908 to 1994. The organisation administers the New South Wales rugby league team for State of Origin.
Bukuru
Bukuru is a city located on the Jos Plateau in Nigeria. It was previously considered a separate city from the city of Jos close by, but like every other form of urbanization, the city of Jos has merged with the town of Bukuru to form the Jos-Bukuru metropolis.  It is the headquarters of Jos South Local Government Area.

Local government areas of Nigeria
Nigeria has 768 local government areas (LGAs) and 6 Area Councils, making 774 LGA each administered by a local government council consisting of a chairman, who is the chief executive, and other elected members, who are referred to as councillors. Each LGA is further subdivided into a minimum of ten and a maximum of twenty wards. A ward is administered by a councillor, who reports directly to the LGA chairman. The councillors fall under the legislative arm of the Local Government, the third tier of government in Nigeria, below the state governments and the federal government.
Alexandersville, Ohio
Alexandersville, Ohio was a town located in Montgomery County, Ohio, United States, just north of West Carrollton and south of Moraine.  It was incorporated into West Carrollton in 1943.

Alexandersville was platted in 1815 by John Taylor of Washington Township.  A post office called Alexandersville was established in 1828, and remained in operation until 1907.

West Carrollton, Ohio
West Carrollton is a city in Montgomery County, Ohio, United States. A suburb of Dayton, Ohio, its population was 13,129 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Dayton metropolitan area. The Great Miami River runs through the town and forms most of its northern border.
Bertrand de La Tour
Bertrand de La Tour (1265? – 1332 or 1333), also known as Bertrand de Turre, was a French Franciscan theologian and cardinal.

Bertrand was born in Camboulit in the old province of Quercy, France. Serving as a provincial minister in Aquitaine from 1312 onwards he became a leading opponent of the Franciscan Spirituals. He undertook diplomatic missions for Pope John XXII with Bernard Gui from 1317–1318. After this time, he was asked to aid in evaluating the heresy of Peter Olivi. Bertrand was made Archbishop of Salerno and then Cardinal of San Vitale in 1320. In 1323 Bertrand was appointed cardinal bishop of Tusculum.

After the deposition of Michael of Cesena in 1328, on John XXII's behest Bertrand acted as vicar general of the Franciscan Order.

He was nicknamed "Doctor famosus".

Aquitaine
Aquitaine (UK: /ˌækwɪˈteɪn/, US: /ˈækwɪteɪn/; French: [akitɛn] ⓘ; Occitan: Aquitània [akiˈtanjɔ]; Basque: Akitania; Poitevin-Saintongeais: Aguiéne), archaic Guyenne or Guienne (Occitan: Guiana), is a historical region of southwestern France and a former administrative region. Since 1 January 2016 it has been part of the administrative region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine. It is situated in the southwest corner of metropolitan France, along the Atlantic Ocean and the Pyrenees mountain range on the border with Spain. It is composed of five departments: Dordogne, Lot-et-Garonne, Pyrénées-Atlantiques, Landes, and Gironde. The Romans established Gallia Aquitania as a province. In the Middle Ages, Aquitaine was a kingdom and a duchy whose boundaries fluctuated considerably. For most of Aquitaine's written history, Bordeaux has been a vital port and administrative centre.
JP Doyle
John Paul "JP" Doyle (born 3 August 1979) is an Irish born rugby union referee. Doyle was one of ten full-time rugby union referees employed by the English Rugby Football Union until his redundancy in August 2020. In 2021, he was a referee in Major League Rugby (MLR) in the United States. In 2022, he was named high performance referee coach by Scottish Rugby Union.

Irish Rugby Football Union
The Irish Rugby Football Union (IRFU) (Irish: Cumann Rugbaí na hÉireann) is the body managing rugby union in the island of Ireland (both Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland). The IRFU has its head office at 10/12 Lansdowne Road and home ground at Aviva Stadium, where adult men's Irish rugby union international matches are played. In addition, the Union also owns the Ravenhill Stadium in Belfast, Thomond Park in Limerick and a number of grounds in provincial areas that have been rented to clubs.
Genève-Champel railway station
Genève-Champel railway station (French: Gare de Genève-Champel) is a railway station in the municipality of Geneva, in the Swiss canton of Geneva. It is an intermediate stop on the standard gauge CEVA orbital railway line of Swiss Federal Railways. The station opened in December 2019 as part of the launch of the new Léman Express network. During the planning and development process the station was known as Champel-Hôpital.

Annemasse station
Annemasse station (French: Gare d'Annemasse) is a railway station located in Annemasse, Haute-Savoie, south-eastern France. The station was opened in 1880 and is located on the Aix-les-Bains–Annemasse railway, Longeray-Léaz-Le Bouveret railway, and CEVA orbital railway. It was formerly the eastern terminus of the Annemasse-Genève-Eaux-Vives railway. The train services are operated by SNCF and Léman Express.
Heroltice
Heroltice is a municipality and village in Brno-Country District in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants.

Heroltice lies approximately 20 kilometres (12 mi) northwest of Brno.

South Moravian Region
The South Moravian Region (Czech: Jihomoravský kraj; German: Südmährische Region, pronounced [zyːtˈmɛːʁɪʃə ʁeˈɡi̯oːn]; Slovak: Juhomoravský kraj), or just South Moravia, is an administrative unit (kraj) of the Czech Republic, located in the south-western part of its historical region of Moravia. The region's capital is Brno, the nation's 2nd largest city. South Moravia is bordered by the South Bohemian Region to the west, Vysočina Region to the north-west, Pardubice Region to the north, Olomouc Region to the north-east, Zlín Region to the east, Trenčín and Trnava Regions, Slovakia to the south-east and Lower Austria, Austria to the south.
Alfonso Barasaque
Alfonso Barasaque, or Alfonso Barrasa was Bishop of Salamanca from 1361 to 1382, and a trusted man of King Henry II of Castile. Some authors mistakenly mentioned him as Cardinal of Saint Eustatius.

On 12 August 1363, to assist in the completion of the Old Cathedral of Salamanca, he founded the Brotherhood of the Work of Saint Mary of the See, and sought to increase the alms given.

Henry II of Castile
Henry II (13 January 1334 – 29 May 1379), called Henry of Trastámara or the Fratricidal (el Fratricida), was the first King of Castile and León from the House of Trastámara. He became king in 1369 by defeating his half-brother Peter the Cruel, after numerous rebellions and battles. As king he was involved in the Fernandine Wars and the Hundred Years' War.
Mel Pemble
Melissa Pemble (born April 22, 2000) is a Canadian para alpine skier and para cyclist. She won back-to-back gold medals in omnium C3 at the 2022  and 2023 UCI Para-cycling Track World Championships. She won two medals in para-cycling at the 2023 Parapan American Games.

Omnium
An omnium (from Latin omnium: of all, belonging to all) is a multiple race event in track cycling. Historically, the omnium has had a variety of formats.
Starting in 2017, the omnium has consisted of four events: scratch race, tempo race, elimination race and points race. In the case of the para omnium in para-track cycling, introduced in 2020, the four events are Flying 200m, Time trial (1 km or 500 m), Individual pursuit and Scratch race.
In recent years, road racing has also adopted the term to describe multi-day races that feature the three primary road race events (time trial, mass start and criterium).
Shiori Kubo
Shiori Kubo (久保史緒里, Kubo Shiori; born July 14, 2001) is a Japanese singer, actress, and model. She is a former third-generation member of the idol girl group Nogizaka46. She is also a former exclusive model of the women's fashion magazine Seventeen. Her acting roles include the supporting roles of Honoka Hanamura in Zambi, Lady Gotoku in What Will You Do, Ieyasu?, and Rin Tsutsui in Me and Future Me!?

On September 16, 2025, Kubo announced her graduation from Nogizaka46.

Tokuhime (Oda)
Tokuhime (徳姫; November 11, 1559 – February 16, 1636), also known as Lady Toku (五徳姫, Gotokuhime) and Okazaki-dono (岡崎殿, Lady Okazaki) was a Japanese noble lady from the Sengoku period. She was the eldest daughter of daimyō Oda Nobunaga and his concubine, Lady Kitsuno. She later married Matsudaira Nobuyasu, the first son of Tokugawa Ieyasu. She is remembered as the person most responsible for the deaths of Nobuyasu and his mother, Ieyasu's wife, Lady Tsukiyama.
Tidball
Tidball is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Derek Tidball, British theologian and sociologist

Marie Tidball (born 1984), English academic, disability rights campaigner, and Labour Party member who was elected as Member of Parliament for Penistone and Stocksbridge in the 2024 general election

Mary Elizabeth Tidball (1929–2014), American physiologist

Jeff Tidball, American game designer

John C. Tidball (1825–1906), American Union Army colonel during the Civil War

Thomas Theodore Tidball (1827-1913), American pioneer and founder of the Tidball Store

William Tidball (born 2000), British road and track cyclist

Derek Tidball
Derek John Tidball is a British theologian, sociologist of religion, and Baptist minister. From 1995 to 2007 he was the principal of London Bible College which later took the name London School of Theology.
Jafarabad, Khatam
Jafarabad (Persian: جعفراباد, also Romanized as Ja‘farābād) is a village in Fathabad Rural District, in the Central District of Khatam County, Yazd Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 37, in 12 families.

Yazd province
Yazd province (Persian: استان یزد) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran and is in the center of the country. Its capital is the city of Yazd. In 2014, it was placed in Region 5. The province has an area of 76,469 km2.
Arbeiter Ring Publishing
Arbeiter Ring Publishing, now known as ARP Books, is a worker-owned and operated independent book publisher and distributor that specializes in progressive, radical and anarchist literature (both fiction and non-fiction). Founded by Todd Scarth and John K. Samson in Winnipeg in 1996, the publishing company was originally based in The Old Market Autonomous Zone (or A-Zone), which also housed Mondragon Bookstore and Coffee House, and other radical and worker-run organizations.  Named after Arbeiter Ring (meaning "Workers' Circle"), a radical Jewish workers' organization (which had a strong presence in Winnipeg at the outset of the 20th century and helped promote Emma Goldman's early visits to the city), Arbeiter Ring also shares a commitment to workers' self-management.  One aspect of this is the organization's promotion of participatory economics (or parecon), an alternative economic model first articulated by Michael Albert and Robin Hahnel.

Robin Hahnel
Robin Eric Hahnel (born March 25, 1946) is an American economist and professor emeritus of economics at American University. His academic work applies libertarian socialist values to piecemeal economic proposals, critiquing both capitalist market economies and authoritarian centrally planned economies.
Anarchism in Belgium
Anarchism spread into Belgium as Communards took refuge in Brussels with the fall of the Paris Commune. Most Belgian members in the First International joined the anarchist Jura Federation after the socialist schism. Belgian anarchists also organized the 1886 Walloon uprising, the Libertarian Communist Group, and several Bruxellois newspapers at the turn of the century. Apart from new publications, the movement dissipated through the internecine antimilitarism in the interwar period. Several groups emerged mid-century for social justice and anti-fascism.

Communards
The Communards (French: [kɔmynaʁ]) were members and supporters of the short-lived 1871 Communes in France formed in the wake of the French defeat in the Franco-Prussian War.

After the suppression of the Paris Commune by the French Army in May 1871, 43,000 Communards were taken prisoner, and 6,500 to 7,500 fled abroad. The number of Communard soldiers killed in combat or executed afterwards during the week has long been disputed—Prosper-Olivier Lissagaray put the number at 20,000, while estimates by more recent historians put the probable number between 10,000 and 15,000. 7,500 were jailed or deported under arrangements which continued until a general amnesty during the 1880s; this action by Adolphe Thiers forestalled the proto-communist movement in the French Third Republic (1871–1940).
Bojná
Bojná (Hungarian: Nyitrabajna) is a municipality in the Topoľčany District of the Nitra Region, Slovakia. The village has a population of 2013 people. The main landmark is the Catholic Church of All Saints built in 1787. Opposite the church stands (since World War II defunct) synagogue, later turned community center then car repair and nowadays a bar.
The village stretches about 4 km along river Bojnianka which continues through villages of Veľké Dvorany, Urmince and Chrabrany before emptying into the Nitra river, itself a tributary of the Danube.

Nitra Region
The Nitra Region (Slovak: Nitriansky kraj, pronounced [ˈɲitrɪɐnski ˈkraj]; Hungarian: Nyitrai kerület) is one of the administrative regions of Slovakia. It was first established in 1923 and from 1996 exists in its present borders. It consists of seven districts (okres) and 354 municipalities, of which 16 have a town status. The economy of the region focuses more on agriculture, than in other Slovak regions. Nitra is its seat, largest city, and cultural and economic center.
Warszawa '81
Warszawa '81 is an EP by the Serbian new wave band Električni Orgazam. The EP was recorded live during the three dates tour in Warsaw, Poland. The cover, designed by Srđan Gojković Gile featured the Polish language version of the band's name, Elektryczny Orgazm. The EP was rereleased by Yellow Dog records in 1996.

Konobar
"Konobar" ("Waiter") is the first single recorded and released by the Serbian new wave band Električni Orgazam. It was released in 1981 by Jugoton. The song also appeared on the band's debut album and several various artists compilations. The track is actually the first ever song written by the band.
Reduction (mathematics)
In mathematics, reduction refers to the rewriting of an expression into a simpler form. For example, the process of rewriting a fraction into one with the smallest whole-number denominator possible (while keeping the numerator a whole number) is called "reducing a fraction". Rewriting a radical (or "root") expression with the smallest possible whole number under the radical symbol is called "reducing a radical". Minimizing the number of radicals that appear underneath other radicals in an expression is called denesting radicals.

Rewriting
In mathematics, linguistics, computer science, and logic, rewriting covers a wide range of methods of replacing subterms of a formula with other terms. Such methods may be achieved by rewriting systems (also known as rewrite systems, rewrite engines, or reduction systems). In their most basic form, they consist of a set of objects, plus relations on how to transform those objects.

Rewriting can be non-deterministic. One rule to rewrite a term could be applied in many different ways to that term, or more than one rule could be applicable. Rewriting systems then do not provide an algorithm for changing one term to another, but a set of possible rule applications. When combined with an appropriate algorithm, however, rewrite systems can be viewed as computer programs, and several theorem provers and declarative programming languages are based on term rewriting.
Datong Prince's Palace
40°05′43″N 113°17′51″E﻿ / ﻿40.095212°N 113.297465°E﻿ / 40.095212; 113.297465

Datong Prince's Palace, also known as the Residence of Prince Dai (Chinese: 代王府; pinyin: Dài Wángfǔ), is a former Ming dynasty princely palace in Datong, Shanxi, China. Built in the 1390s for Zhu Gui, prince of Dai, the thirteenth son of Hongwu Emperor, it served as the seat of a powerful border princedom guarding the northern frontier of the Ming empire. The palace was similar in construction to the Forbidden City in Beijing, but was constructed 25 years earlier. After prince Zhu Gui, ten other princes followed. Although the original complex was largely destroyed in the mid-17th century, the site today contains a monumental Nine-Dragon Screen and an extensive twenty-first-century reconstruction of the palace compound.

Datong
Datong is a prefecture-level city in northern Shanxi Province in the People's Republic of China. It is located in the Datong Basin at an elevation of 1,040 metres (3,410 ft) and borders Inner Mongolia to the north and west and Hebei to the east. As of the 2020 census, it had a population of 3,105,591 of whom 1,790,452 lived in the built-up (or metro) area made of the 2 out 4 urban districts of Pingcheng and Yungang as Yunzhou and Xinrong are not conurbated yet.
New Taiton, Texas
New Taiton is an unincorporated community in northwestern Wharton County, Texas, United States. The community is situated at the intersection of State Highway 71 (SH 71) and Farm to Market Road 961, (FM 961) north-northwest of El Campo, Texas. New Taiton is identified by road signs on SH 71 and FM 961. The area around the community is intensively farmed and several oil and gas wells are located nearby.

Texas State Highway 71
State Highway 71 (SH 71) is a Texas state highway that runs 253 miles (407 km). The western terminus is at US 87 and US 377 south of Brady and its eastern terminus is at SH 35 near Blessing.  This highway is designated the "10th Mountain Division Highway" from SH 95 to Interstate 35.