hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Deutschfreiheitliche Partei
The Deutschfreiheitliche Partei (in English, German Freedom Party, in Italian Partito Libertario Tedesco) was a political party active in Tyrol at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century. It had a Liberal-national orientation.

It originated in 1880 from a section of the German Liberal Party, which was active across Austria. This new party, however, was only active in the County of Tyrol. Among the major leasers of the party were Julius Perathoner, the burgomaster of Bolzano from 1895 to 1922.

Active in Alto Adige (South Tyrol) after its annexation to Italy after World War I, the part ran in the 1921 election in a coalition with the Tiroler Volkspartei called the Deutscher Verband which won 90% of the German-speaking vote and elected four members to the Camera dei deputati - Eduard Reut-Nicolussi, Karl Tinzl, Friedrich von Toggenburg and Wilhelm von Walther.

In Austrian Tyrol, the party joined with the Großdeutsche Volkspartei in 1920/1921.

County of Tyrol
The (Princely) County of Tyrol was an estate of the Holy Roman Empire established about 1140. After 1253, it was ruled by the House of Gorizia and from 1363 by the House of Habsburg. In 1804, the County of Tyrol, unified with the secularised prince-bishoprics of Trent and Brixen, became a crown land of the Austrian Empire, then was part of Bavaria from 1805 to 1814 when it returned to Austrian rule. From 1867, it was a Cisleithanian crown land of Austria-Hungary.

Today the territory of the historic crown land is divided between the Italian autonomous region of Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol and the Austrian state of Tyrol. The two parts are today associated again in the Tyrol–South Tyrol–Trentino Euroregion.
Pulp Literature Press
Pulp Literature Press is a Canadian-based small press founded in Richmond, BC in 2013.  The primary work of the press is the publication of the quarterly literary journal, Pulp Literature. In 2016, the press expanded into publishing writing guides, and added full-length novels in 2017.

Kelly Robson
Kelly Robson (born July 17, 1967 in Edmonton, Alberta) is a Canadian science fiction, fantasy and horror writer. She has won the 2018 Nebula Award for Best Novelette for her novelette "A Human Stain" published at Tor.com. She has also been nominated for the Nebula Award for Best Novella in 2016 for "Waters of Versailles" and in 2019 for "Gods, Monsters and the Lucky Peach", both published at Tor.com; "Waters of Versailles" also received the 2016 Aurora Award for best Canadian short fiction.
Ilse Meudtner
Ilse Meudtner (1 November 1912 – 18 July 1990) was a German diver and dancer. She competed at the 1928 Summer Olympics in the 3 m springboard and finished fourth.

Between 1934 and 1940 Meudtner was a solo dancer at the Berlin State Opera, and during World War II she performed abroad. After the war she married a Dutch man and became a Dutch citizen. An injury in 1955 ended her dancing career. From 1964 she worked as a journalist in Madrid, reporting on the country and its people several times for Die Zeit.

Berlin State Opera
The Staatsoper Unter den Linden (lit. State Opera under the Lime Trees), also known as the Berlin State Opera (German: Staatsoper Berlin), is a listed building on Unter den Linden boulevard in the historic center of Berlin, Germany. The opera house was built by order of Prussian king Frederick the Great from 1741 to 1743 according to plans by Georg Wenzeslaus von Knobelsdorff in the Palladian style. Damaged during the Allied bombing in World War II, the former Royal Prussian Opera House was rebuilt from 1951 to 1955 as part of the Forum Fridericianum square in East Berlin.

Nicknamed Lindenoper, it is "the world's oldest state opera" and "the first theater anywhere to be, by itself, a prominent, freestanding monumental building in a city."
2010 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships – Women's 400 metre individual medley
The women's 400 metre individual medley competition at the 2010 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships took place on August 19 at the William Woollett Jr. Aquatics Center.  The last champion was Katie Hoff of US.

This race consisted of eight lengths of the pool. The first two lengths were swum using the butterfly stroke, the second pair with the backstroke, the third pair of lengths in breaststroke, and the final two were freestyle.

Butterfly stroke
Butterfly (shortened to fly) is a swimming stroke swum on the front, with both arms moving symmetrically, accompanied by the butterfly kick (also known as the "dolphin kick") along with the movement of the hips and chest.

It is the newest swimming style swum in competition, first swum in the early 1950s and originating from breaststroke.

For most competitive swimmers, butterfly is the second fastest stroke, only slower than front crawl.
Do We Have a Problem?
"Do We Have a Problem?" is a song by rappers Nicki Minaj and Lil Baby. It was released on February 4, 2022. The music video is inspired by the 2010 movie Salt. In the United States, the song debuted and peaked at number 2 on the Billboard Hot 100, and topped the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart. Internationally, it reached number 3 in South Africa, and 14 in Canada. It was included on Minaj's first greatest hits album, Queen Radio: Volume 1 (2022).

Queen Radio: Volume 1
Queen Radio: Volume 1 is the first greatest hits album by rapper Nicki Minaj. It was released on August 26, 2022 by Young Money Entertainment, Cash Money Records, and Republic Records.

The album includes songs from all five of her studio albums, the mixtape Beam Me Up Scotty (2009), and the Young Money Entertainment compilation Rise of an Empire (2014).
Cork City Ballet
Cork City Ballet is an Irish ballet company founded in 1992 by Alan Foley, a student of Joan Denise Moriarty. It is one of two professional ballet companies in Ireland. Cork City Ballet performs annually at Cork Opera House, staging (for example) a production of Giselle in 2011. It has also toured venues such as Wexford Opera House and The Helix in Dublin. Cork City Ballet has worked with a number of guest artists and companies such as Royal Swedish Ballet and Kirov Ballet. In 2012, Cork City Ballet commemorated the centenary of the birth of Joan Denise Moriarty, the founder of Irish Theatre Ballet, Ireland's first professional ballet company.

The Helix, Dublin
The Helix, formally The Helix Centre for the Performing Arts, is a multi-purpose venue located on the Dublin City University main campus in Glasnevin, Dublin. Officially opened by then President of Ireland, Mary McAleese, on 5 March 1996, the Helix contains a concert hall, theatre, studio theatre, exhibition space, artists-in-residence studios, and a green room and other support spaces, along with an in-site café.
Ebenezer Thayer
Ebenezer Thayer, Jr. (August 21, 1746 – May 30, 1809) was a Massachusetts farmer, military officer, town official, and politician who served in both branches of the Massachusetts legislature, as a member of the Massachusetts Governor's Council; and, from 1793 to 1794, as the first sheriff of Norfolk County, Massachusetts.

The Braintree Instructions, drafted by John Adams, were addressed to Thayer's father, Ebenezer Thayer, Esq., from his constituents in Braintree.

Massachusetts Governor's Council
The Massachusetts Governor's Council (also known as the Executive Council) is a governmental body that provides advice and consent in certain matters – such as judicial nominations, pardons, and commutations – to the Governor of Massachusetts.  Councillors are elected by the general public and their duties are set forth in the Massachusetts Constitution.

The Governor's Council has gone through many different formations throughout its history, at times being simply a legal counsel, also serving as provincial magistrates and judges, sometimes acting as an executive in the absence of a Governor, to serving as an upper house of the Massachusetts General Court (the state legislature). Whether going by the name of "Council of Assistants" or Governor's Council, the power of the council has ebbed and flowed; however, it has remained a mainstay in New England politics from the earliest colonial days of Massachusetts Bay.
European Journal of Prosthodontics and Restorative Dentistry
European Journal of Prosthodontics and Restorative Dentistry is a peer-reviewed medical journal published by Dennis Barber. It was established in 1992 with Paul S. Wright as its founding editor-in-chief. The current editor-in-chief is Mutlu Öczan (Zürich University) and the consulting editor is Igor R. Blum (King's College London). The journal is abstracted and indexed in MEDLINE/PubMed.

MEDLINE
MEDLINE (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, or MEDLARS Online) is a bibliographic database of life sciences and biomedical information. It includes bibliographic information for articles from academic journals covering medicine, nursing, pharmacy, dentistry, veterinary medicine, and health care. MEDLINE also covers much of the literature in biology and biochemistry, as well as fields such as molecular evolution.

Compiled by the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM), MEDLINE is freely available on the Internet and searchable via PubMed and NLM's National Center for Biotechnology Information's Entrez system.
Crickley Hill and Barrow Wake
Crickley Hill and Barrow Wake (grid reference SO929161 & grid reference SO931154) is a 56.8-hectare (140-acre) biological and geological Site of Special Scientific Interest in Gloucestershire, notified in 1974.

The site (two parts) lies within the Cotswold Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. It was formerly known as Crickley Hill and includes some of a site known as Tuffleys Quarry. Part of the site is owned and managed by Gloucestershire Willdlife Trust and the National Trust as a nature reserve Park. The Cotswold Way National Trail passes through Crickley Hill and Barrow Wake.

Barrow Wake and Tuffley's Quarry are listed in the 'Cotswold District' Local Plan 2001–2011 (on line) as Key Wildlife Sites. Crickley Hill is listed in the 'Cotswold District' Local Plan 2001–2011 (on line) as an SSSI and Regionally Important Geological Site.

Gloucestershire Wildlife Trust
The Gloucestershire Wildlife Trust is the Gloucestershire local partner in a conservation network of 46 Wildlife Trusts. The Wildlife Trusts are local charities with the specific aim of protecting the United Kingdom's natural heritage. The Gloucestershire Wildlife Trust is managed by a board of trustees elected from its membership who provide overall direction for the development of the trust and there are advisory committees. The work of the trust is carried out through staff and volunteers.
Ambluncus
Ambluncus is a monotypic snout moth genus described by Hans Georg Amsel in 1954. It contains the species Ambluncus nervosellus, described by Edward Meyrick in 1934. It has been recorded from the Canary Islands and the United Arab Emirates, and probably the rest of North Africa.

Pyralidae
The Pyralidae, commonly called pyralid moths, snout moths or grass moths, are a family of Lepidoptera in the ditrysian superfamily Pyraloidea. In many (particularly older) classifications, the grass moths (Crambidae) are included in the Pyralidae as a subfamily, making the combined group one of the largest families in the Lepidoptera. The latest review by Eugene G. Munroe and Maria Alma Solis retain the Crambidae as a full family of Pyraloidea.

The wingspans for small and medium-sized species are usually between 9 and 37 mm (0.35 and 1.46 in) with variable morphological features.

It is a diverse group, with more than 6,000 species described worldwide, and more than 600 species in America north of Mexico, comprising the third largest moth family in North America. At least 42 species have been recorded from North Dakota in the subfamilies of Pyralidae.
Coco Ferrer
Efigenio Ferrer Cabrera (January 1, 1915 – August 17, 1963), nicknamed "Coco" and "Al", was a Puerto Rican Negro league shortstop who played in the 1940s.

A native of Juana Díaz, Puerto Rico, Ferrer played for the Puerto Rico national baseball team in the 1938 Central American and Caribbean Games. He made his Negro leagues debut in 1946 with the Indianapolis Clowns, and played three seasons for Indianapolis before going on to play for the Chicago American Giants in 1951. Ferrer died in Ponce, Puerto Rico in 1963 at age 48.

Indianapolis Clowns
The Indianapolis Clowns were a professional baseball team in the Negro American League. Tracing their origins back to the 1930s, the Clowns were the last of the Negro league teams to disband, continuing to play exhibition games into the 1980s. They began play as the independent Ethiopian Clowns, joined the Negro American League as the Cincinnati Clowns and, after a couple of years, relocated to Indianapolis. Hank Aaron was a Clown for a short period, and the Clowns were also one of the first professional baseball teams to hire a female player.
Requiem – Mezzo Forte
Requiem – Mezzo Forte is the centerpiece of Virgin Black's Requiem trilogy. The album was released on April 3, 2007 in North America on The End Records and April 13, 2007 in Europe on Massacre Records. The Massacre release includes a special 2-disc version.

The album builds on the styles Virgin Black used in their previous albums, with the band and the Adelaide Symphony Orchestra complimenting one another's sound and given roughly equal prominence.

Adelaide Symphony Orchestra
The Adelaide Symphony Orchestra (ASO) is a South Australian orchestra based in Adelaide, established in 1936. The orchestra's primary performance venue is the Adelaide Town Hall, but the ASO also performs in other venues. It provides the orchestral support for all productions of the State Opera of South Australia and all Adelaide performances of the Australian Ballet. It also features regularly at the Adelaide Festival, and has performed at the Adelaide Cabaret Festival, WOMAdelaide and several other festivals in Adelaide.
Stublina
Stublina (Serbian: Стублина) is a village in the municipality of Aleksinac, Serbia. According to the 2022 census, the village has a population of 128 people.

Also village Stublina is a home to popular music artist named ,,GOSHA”

Municipalities and cities of Serbia
The municipalities and cities (Serbian: општине и градови / opštine i gradovi) are the first-level administrative division and the basic level of local government of Serbia. The country is divided into 145 municipalities and 29 cities.

Municipalities and cities form 29 administrative districts, except the City of Belgrade which is not part of any district.
Truth Crushed to Earth Shall Rise Again
Truth Crushed to Earth Shall Rise Again is the third and final studio album by American hip hop group House of Pain. It was released in October 22, 1996, via Tommy Boy Records. The recording sessions took place at Ameraycan Studios in North Hollywood. The album was produced by members DJ Lethal and Everlast. It features guest appearances from GuRu and Sadat X and contributions from Cokni O'Dire and Divine Styler.

The album's title is a line from William Cullen Bryant's poem "The Battle-Field". The album is called Truth Crushed to Earth Shall Rise Again, but the cover of the CD reads Truth Crushed To Earth Will Rise Again.

The album peaked at number 47 on the Billboard 200 and number 31 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums in the United States, and number 69 in the Netherlands.

It was preceded with two singles: "Pass the Jinn" b/w "Heart Full of Sorrow" and "Fed Up". Its second single, "Fed Up", reached number 68 on the UK singles chart and number 45 in New Zealand.

William Cullen Bryant
William Cullen Bryant (November 3, 1794 – June 12, 1878) was an American romantic poet, journalist, and long-time editor of the New York Evening Post. Born in Massachusetts, he started his career as a lawyer but showed an interest in poetry early in his life.

In 1825, Bryant relocated to New York City, where he became an  editor of two major newspapers. He also emerged as one of the most significant poets in early literary America and has been grouped among the fireside poets for his accessible and popular poetry.
Jack Ruby (band)
Jack Ruby was an American rock band formed in Albany, New York, in 1973. The band was named after Jack Ruby, the nightclub owner who shot and killed Lee Harvey Oswald. Jack Ruby made only five studio recordings and performed at a small number of gigs between 1973 and 1977. They have been regarded as early and influential pioneers in the New York no wave scene.

Thurston Moore
Thurston Joseph Moore (born July 25, 1958) is an American guitarist, singer and songwriter best known as a member of the rock band Sonic Youth. He has also participated in many solo and group collaborations outside Sonic Youth, as well as running the Ecstatic Peace! record label. Moore was ranked 34th in Rolling Stone's 2004 edition of the "100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time".

In 2012, Moore started a new band Chelsea Light Moving, whose eponymous debut was released on March 5, 2013. In 2015, Chelsea Light Moving disbanded after one studio album release. Moore and the other members of the band continue to make music under his solo project and other bands.
Lalbir Chaudhary
Lalbir Chaudhary (Nepali: लालबिर चौधरी) is a Nepalese politician and father of Resham Lal Chaudhary, the founder of Nagrik Unmukti Party, Nepal. He was elected in 2022 from Bardiya 2 to the House of Representatives.

Though being a member of Nagrik Unmukti Party, Chaudhary had to contest election as independent after his son's candidacy was denied.

Bardiya 2 (constituency)
Bardiya 2 one of two parliamentary constituencies of Bardiya District in Nepal. This constituency came into existence on the Constituency Delimitation Commission (CDC) report submitted on 31 August 2017.
Comprehension approach
The comprehension approach to language learning emphasizes understanding of language rather than speaking it. This is in contrast to the better-known communicative approach, under which learning is thought to emerge through language production, i.e. a focus on speech and writing.

Language production
Language production is the production of spoken or written language. In psycholinguistics, it describes all of the stages between having a concept to express and translating that concept into linguistic forms. These stages have been described in two types of processing models: the lexical access models and the serial models. Through these models, psycholinguists can look into how speeches are produced in different ways, such as when the speaker is bilingual. Psycholinguists learn more about these models and different kinds of speech by using language production research methods that include collecting speech errors and elicited production tasks.
Jaskółka-class minesweeper
The Jaskółka class was a class of six minesweepers of the Polish Navy built during the 1930s. They were the first sea-going warships of Polish production. The Jaskółka class was a versatile design which allowed the ships to serve in the role of either a minesweeper, small minelayer or a sub chaser. All were named after birds, therefore the class was nicknamed: ptaszki (English: birdies).

Minelayer
A minelayer is any warship, submarine, military aircraft or land vehicle deploying explosive mines. Since World War I the term "minelayer" refers specifically to a naval ship used for deploying naval mines. "Mine planting" was the term for installing controlled mines at predetermined positions in connection with coastal fortifications or harbor approaches that would be detonated by shore control when a ship was fixed as being within the mine's effective range.

An army's special-purpose combat engineering vehicles used to lay landmines are sometimes called "minelayers".
Bottom Lounge
Bottom Lounge is a concert hall at 1375 W. Lake St. in Chicago, Illinois. Originally located in Chicago's Lake View neighborhood at 3206 N. Wilton, Bottom Lounge was acquired by the CTA in eminent domain in 2001 and seized for demolition in 2005 to make way for the Brown Line extension project. Hindered by lawsuits regarding the relocation and payment for Bottom Lounge under Uniform Relocation Act, Bottom Lounge re-opened at its current West Loop location in 2008.

The main concert hall is a 700 capacity sized room."Bottom Lounge Weddings". Bottom Lounge also houses the Volcano Room, a 300 capacity mixed use space and a full restaurant specializing in American Midwest fare.

Brown Line (CTA)
The Brown Line of the Chicago "L" system, is an 11.4-mile (18.3 km) route with 27 stations between Chicago's Albany Park neighborhood and downtown Chicago. It runs completely above ground and is almost entirely grade-separated. It is the third-busiest 'L' route, with an average of 35,176 passengers boarding each weekday in 2024.

Before CTA lines were color-coded in 1993, the Brown Line was known as the Ravenswood Route; specifically, the that runs from Belmont to Kimball is called the Ravenswood branch. Accordingly, the Kimball-Belmont shuttle service was called the Ravenswood Shuttle.
Kahin Deep Jaley
Kahin Deep Jaley (Urdu: کہیں دیپ جلے, lit. 'Somewhere a lamp is lit') is a 2019 Pakistani television series produced by Abdullah Kadwani and Asad Qureshi under their production banner 7th Sky Entertainment. It features Neelam Muneer and Imran Ashraf. From 3 October 2019, it aired every Thursday night on Geo Entertainment, ending on 14 May 2020.

Pakistani dramas
Pakistani dramas, or Pakistani serials, are televised serials produced in Pakistan. Although most of the serials are produced in Urdu, an increasing number are produced in other Pakistani languages such as Sindhi, Pashto, Punjabi and Balochi. One of Pakistan's oldest television dramas is the Urdu serial Khuda Ki Basti, which aired in 1969. Pakistani dramas, like serials elsewhere, reflect the country's culture. According to critics, the decades of 1970s and 1980s are considered to be the golden age of Pakistani serials.

In 2016, a Dawn News report estimated that the five major entertainment channels combined produce around 80 dramas every year, with an average of 16 dramas per channel.

They have helped to attract viewers nationwide to television. The serials are widely popular in South Asian countries, including Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India and Nepal.
Radlická (Prague Metro)
Radlická (Czech pronunciation: [ˈradlɪtskaː]) is a Prague Metro station on Line B, located in Radlice, Prague 5. It was opened on 26 October 1988 as part of the line extension from Smíchovské nádraží to Nové Butovice.

Line B (Prague Metro)
Line B (Czech: Linka B) is a line on the Prague Metro. Chronologically the third to open, it was first opened in 1985 and continued to expand in the 1990s. Currently it is the longest line in the network with 24 stations and 25.6 kilometres (15.9 mi) of track.
U.S. Route 31 in Alabama
U.S. Route 31 (US 31) in Alabama runs north–south up through the heart of Alabama for 386.449 miles (621.929 km). US 31 proper begins at a junction with US 90 and US 98 in Spanish Fort and exits the state into Tennessee running concurrently with Interstate 65 (I-65) near Ardmore. US 31 enters the limits of major cities Montgomery, Birmingham, and Decatur. Throughout the state, with the exception of its concurrency with I-65 north of Athens, US 31 runs concurrently with the unsigned State Route 3 (SR 3). Today, aside from portions through major towns and cities, US 31 is largely a rural two-lane highway. The route has largely been supplanted by I-65, with which it has eight junctions and two concurrencies.

Ardmore, Alabama
Ardmore is a town in northeastern Limestone County, Alabama, United States, and is included in the Huntsville-Decatur Metro Area. The population was 1,321 at the 2020 census, It borders its sister city Ardmore, Tennessee.