hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Marios Georgiou
Marios Georgiou (Greek: Μάριος Γεωργίου; born 10 November 1997) is a Cypriot artistic gymnast. He is the 2024 European all-around champion, and the 2022 European horizontal bar champion and the first gymnast from Cyprus to win a European title, and a major all-around title. He is the 2019 European Championships all-around bronze medalist which made him the first gymnast from Cyprus to win a European medal. He is the 2019 European Games parallel bars silver medalist. At the 2018 Commonwealth Games, he won the gold medals in the floor exercise and parallel bars and the bronze medal in the all-around, and he won four bronze medals at the 2022 Commonwealth Games. He is the 2018 Mediterranean Games all-around and horizontal bar champion and the 2022 Mediterranean Games horizontal bar champion. He competed at the 2016, 2020, and 2024 Olympic Games.

2022 Mediterranean Games
The 2022 Mediterranean Games (Arabic: ألعاب البحر الأبيض المتوسط 2022, romanized: ʾAlʿāb al-Baḥr al-ʾAbyaḍ al-Mutawassiṭ 2022), officially known as the XIX Mediterranean Games and commonly known as Oran 2022, was an international multi-sport event held from 25 June to 6 July 2022 in Oran, Algeria. Oran was announced as the host city at the ICMG General Assembly in Pescara, Italy, on 15 August 2015. They were supposed to take place in 2021, but they were delayed to 2022 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. 3,298 athletes (2,014 men and 1,284 women) took part in the games. When the event held in 2022, this cycle become the 4-year cycle of the event.
Thunderbolt Peak
Thunderbolt Peak is a peak in the Palisades group located in the Sierra Nevada of California.  It rises to 14,009 feet (4,270 m) and could be considered the thirteenth-highest peak in the state, but since the peak has less than 300 feet (91 m) of prominence it is usually considered a subsidiary peak of North Palisade. But if it is considered a separate mountain peak, Thunderbolt Peak is the northernmost fourteener in the Sierra Nevada.

The first ascent was attempted by a party of very well-known climbers. During the climb, a lightning bolt struck very close to Jules Eichorn, breaking his concentration. The mountain was named in commemoration of this event.

Topographic prominence
In topography, prominence (also referred to as autonomous height, and shoulder drop in US English, and drop in British English) is the relative height of a mountain or hill's summit relative to the lowest contour line encircling it but containing no higher summit within it. It is a measure of the independence of a summit. The key col ("saddle") around the peak is a unique point on this contour line and the parent peak (if any) is some higher mountain, selected according to various criteria.
The Devil (Javid play)
Iblis (Azerbaijani: İblis / ابلیس) is a verse play (verse dram), tragedy in four acts of an Azerbaijani poet and playwright Huseyn Javid, written in 1918. Ideological credo of Javid is revealed in the play, a mystic flaw is strongly expressed and the poet's thoughts about a problem of human's happiness followed by the imperialistic war are reflected in the poem.

Initially the tragedy was staged in 1920, by Abbas Mirza Sharifzadeh. It is noted that, at the beginning of the 1920s the play had a great success. “Iblis” is considered as the first verse play of Azerbaijan, which was put on the stage. It is also noted that the play is significant not only for its complex philosophic character, and also for a romantic style.

The play was published in 1924, for the first time. Later, it was published in 1927, 1959, 1969, 1982, 2001 and 2005. In the Small Soviet Encyclopedia of 1931, the work was called a poem.  It is considered one of the best plays of Huseyn Javid.

Credo
In Christian liturgy, the credo (Latin: [ˈkreːdoː]; Latin for "I believe") is the portion of the Mass where a creed is recited or sung. The Nicene-Constantinopolitan Creed or the Apostles' Creed are the primary creeds used for this purpose.
The Giants of Jazz
The Giants of Jazz was a jazz all-star group of the early 1970s which featured Art Blakey (drums), Dizzy Gillespie (trumpet), Al McKibbon (bass), Thelonious Monk (piano), Sonny Stitt (alto and tenor sax), and Kai Winding (trombone). They recorded albums for Atlantic Records, Concord Records. and Emarcy Records. The group toured internationally in 1971-1972. Their 1971 concert tour stops in the cities of Prague and Copenhagen were both filmed, and were subsequently released on separate DVDs in the 2000s.

Al McKibbon
Al McKibbon (January 1, 1919 – July 29, 2005) was an American jazz double bassist, known for his work in bop, hard bop, and Latin jazz.

In 1947, after working with Lucky Millinder, Tab Smith, J. C. Heard, and Coleman Hawkins, he replaced Ray Brown in Dizzy Gillespie's band, in which he played until 1950. In the 1950s he recorded with the Miles Davis nonet, Earl Hines, Count Basie, Johnny Hodges, Thelonious Monk, Mongo Santamaria, George Shearing, Cal Tjader, Herbie Nichols and Hawkins. McKibbon was credited with interesting Tjader in Latin music while he played in Shearing's group.

In 1999, the first album in his own name, Tumbao Para Los Congueros De Mi Vida, was released. McKibbon's second album, Black Orchid, was released in 2004.
Stephen John Hill
Sir Stephen John Hill, KCMG CB, (10 June 1809 – 20 October 1891) was a governor of, in turn, four British colonial possessions.

Born in the West Indies, Hill began his colonial service in Africa, becoming governor of the Gold Coast (modern Ghana) in 1851. In 1854 he became governor of Sierra Leone.  From 1860 through 1861 he was made governor of Sierra Leone for a second time. Then in 1863 he was appointed governor of the Leeward Islands and Antigua. In 1869 Hill became governor of Newfoundland, continuing in that position until 1876. He provided valuable guidance to the colony during the period following their rejection of participation in Canadian Confederation. Hill took up residency in Anguilla in November 1885 and left in February 1888.

Hill died in 1891 in London, England.

Anguilla
Anguilla is a British Overseas Territory in the Caribbean. It is one of the most northerly of the Leeward Islands in the Lesser Antilles, lying east of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands and directly north of Saint Martin. The territory consists of the main island of Anguilla, approximately 16 miles (26 kilometres) long by 3 miles (5 km) wide at its widest point, together with a number of much smaller islands and cays with no permanent population. The territory's capital is The Valley. The total land area of the territory is 35 square miles (91 km2), with a population of approximately 15,753 in 2021.
Matrix sign function
In mathematics, the matrix sign function is a matrix function on square matrices analogous to the complex sign function.

It was introduced by J.D. Roberts in 1971 as a tool for model reduction and for solving Lyapunov and Algebraic Riccati equation in a technical report of Cambridge University, which was later published in a journal in 1980.

Hurwitz-stable matrix
In mathematics, a Hurwitz-stable matrix,
or more commonly simply Hurwitz matrix,
is a square matrix whose eigenvalues all have strictly negative real part. Some authors also use the term stability matrix. Such matrices play an important role in control theory.
Beryozovka, Beryozovsky District, Perm Krai
Beryozovka (Russian: Берёзовка) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Beryozovsky District of Perm Krai, Russia. Population:  6,904 (2010 Census); 7,062 (2002 Census); 6,978 (1989 Soviet census).

Perm Krai
Perm Krai (Russian: Пе́рмский край, romanized: Permskiy kray, IPA: [ˈpʲɛrmskʲɪj ˈkraj]; Komi-Permyak: Перем ладор, romanized: Perem lador) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai), located in Eastern Europe. Its administrative center is Perm. The population of the krai was 2,532,405 (2021 Census).

The krai was formed on 1 December 2005 as a result of the 2004 referendum on the merger of Perm Oblast and Komi-Permyak Autonomous Okrug. Komi-Permyak Okrug retained its autonomous status within Perm Krai during the transitional period of 2006–2008. It also retained a budget separate from that of the krai, keeping all federal transfers. Starting in 2009, Komi-Permyak Okrug's budget became subject to the budgeting law of Perm Krai. The transitional period was implemented in part because Komi-Permyak Okrug relied heavily on federal subsidies, and an abrupt cut would have been detrimental to its economy.

The final period of the Paleozoic era, the Permian, is named after the Perm region.
Coelodonta thibetana
Coelodonta thibetana, the Tibetan woolly rhinoceros, is an extinct species of the genus Coelodonta native to western Himalayas that lived during the middle Pliocene epoch. C. thibetana is known from the holotype IVPP V15908, a partially complete skull including incomplete lower jaw preserved with full dentition. It was first named by Tao Deng, Xiaoming Wang, Mikael Fortelius, Qiang Li, Yang Wang, Zhijie J. Tseng, Gary T. Takeuchi, Joel E. Saylor, Laura K. Säilä and Guangpu Xie in 2011.

Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology
The Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology (IVPP; Chinese: 中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所) of China is a research institution and collections repository for fossils, including many dinosaur and pterosaur specimens (many from the Yixian Formation).  As its name suggests, research is focused on both paleontological topics and those relating to human prehistory.

The institution, located in Beijing, grew out of the Cenozoic Research Laboratory in 1929 and is its own institution under the Chinese Academy of Sciences.  Its staff have increasingly worked internationally, participating in the China-Canada Dinosaur Project from 1986 to 1991 and authoring or coauthoring forty-five Nature and Science articles from 1999 to  2005. Notable paleontologists who have been affiliated with the IVPP include Yang Zhongjian (also known as C. C. Young), Dong Zhiming, Meemann Chang and Zhao Xijin.
Wataru Kozuki
Wataru Kozuki (湖月わたる, Kozuki Wataru, born June 28, 1971) is a Japanese performing artist and a former member of the Takarazuka Revue, where she specialized in playing male characters (Otokoyaku). She joined the revue in 1989 and resigned in 2006. She is from Iruma, Saitama .

She is the only Otokoyaku and the only student in her class to reach top star status. Also, she is the first otokoyaku top star who joined the company during the Heisei era.

Damn Yankees
Damn Yankees is a 1955 musical comedy with a book by George Abbott and Douglass Wallop, music and lyrics by Richard Adler and Jerry Ross.  The story is a modern retelling of the Faust legend set during the 1950s in Washington, D.C., during a time when the New York Yankees dominated Major League Baseball. It is based on Wallop's 1954 novel The Year the Yankees Lost the Pennant.

The show ran for 1,019 performances in its original Broadway production. Adler and Ross's success with it and The Pajama Game seemed to point to a bright future for them, but Ross suddenly died of chronic bronchiectasis at age 29, several months after Damn Yankees opened.
Siham Bayyumi
Siham Bayyumi (Arabic: سهام بيومي; born 1949) is an Egyptian writer and journalist. She was born in Cairo and received a bachelor's degree in social science from Helwan University in 1974. She has worked as a journalist at the Cairo newspaper Al Gomhuria, and has published works of both fiction and non-fiction. Her books include the short story collection Al-Khayl Wa-Al-Layl. Her historical novel Ayyam al-Qabbuti dealt with the excavation of the Suez Canal. Her work has been translated into Italian by Elisabetta Bartuli and appeared in a 2001 anthology titled Rose del Cairo.

Capital University (Egypt)
Capital University (formerly Helwan University) is a public university based in Helwan, Egypt, which is part of Greater Cairo on over 350 acres (140 ha). It comprises 23 faculties and two higher institutes in addition to 50 research centers.
Vittal Rai
Vittal Rai (25 October 1935 – 19 December 1995) was an Indian scientist, professor and administrator. He was the fourth Vice-Chancellor of the University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad (1991–1994). His scientific specialism was bio-fertilisers and he authored a significant number of books based on his research.

Among the many honours he received was a Chief Minister's Rajyotsava Award in 1994.

University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad
University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad (UASD) is a state agriculture university established by the Government of Karnataka which imparts education, research and extension activities in the fields of agriculture, forestry, food science, agricultural marketing and home science.

It is on Dharwad-Belgaum road (PB-4) on a campus with space for growing trees and fields for conducting experiments and research. The University encompasses 5 Colleges, 27 Research Stations, 6 Agriculture Extension Education Centers, 6 Krishi Vigyan Kendras, and an Agricultural Technology Information Center (ATIC). Its jurisdiction spans 7 districts in northern Karnataka: Bagalkot, Belgaum, Bijapur, Dharwad, Gadag, Haveri, and Uttar Kannada. The region exhibits a rich diversity in soil types, climate, topography, as well as cropping and farming practices.
Merghindeal
Merghindeal (German: Mergeln; Hungarian: Morgonda) is a commune located in Sibiu County, Transylvania,  Romania. It is composed of two villages, Dealu Frumos (formerly Șulumberg; Schönberg; Lesses) and Merghindeal. Each of these has a fortified church.

The commune lies at the southern edge of the Transylvanian Plateau. It is located in the eastern part of the county, on the border with  Brașov County, 8 km (5.0 mi) from the town of Agnita and 58 km (36 mi) from the county seat, Sibiu; the city of Făgăraș is 33 km (21 mi) to the southeast.

At the 2011 census, 78.8% of inhabitants were Romanians, 17% Roma, 2.7% Hungarians, and 1.4% Germans (more specifically Transylvanian Saxons).

Sibiu County
Sibiu County (Romanian pronunciation: [siˈbiw]) is a county (Romanian: județ) of Romania, in the historical region of Transylvania. Its county seat (Romanian: reședință de județ) is the namesake town of Sibiu (German: Hermannstadt).
Shorne
Shorne is a village and civil parish in the borough of Gravesham in Kent, England. The parish lies 3 miles (4.8 km) east of Gravesend. Most of the land is well-drained but its marshes, the Shorne Marshes reach down to the Thames Estuary and are an SSSI amid the North Kent Marshes on the Hoo Peninsula proper.

Hoo Peninsula
The Hoo Peninsula is a peninsula in Kent, England, separating the estuaries of the rivers Thames and Medway. It is dominated by a line of chalk, clay and sand hills, surrounded by an extensive area of marshland composed of alluvial silt. The name Hoo is a Saxon word believed to mean 'spur of land' or refers to the 'distinct heel-shape of the ridge of hills' through Hoo. Hoo features in the Domesday Book of 1086. The peninsula is home to internationally and nationally protected wildlife sites as well as industrial facilities and energy industries.
Mahmod Abdelaly
Mahmod Abdelaly (Arabic: محمود عبد العلي; born March 11, 1967) is an Egyptian sport shooter. At age forty-one, Abdelaly made his official debut for the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, where he competed in the men's 10 m air pistol. He finished only in forty-seventh place by two points ahead of Sri Lanka's Edirisinghe Senanayake, for a total score of 563 targets.

Shooting at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Men's 10 metre air pistol
The men's 10 metre air pistol event at the 2008 Olympic Games took place on August 9 at the Beijing Shooting Range Hall, and was won by the reigning World champion, Pang Wei of the host country, who thus became the first male gold medal winner of the Beijing Olympics.

The event consisted of two rounds: a qualifier and a final. In the qualifier, each shooter fired 60 shots with an air pistol at 10 metres distance. Scores for each shot were in increments of 1, with a maximum score of 10.

The top 8 shooters in the qualifying round moved on to the final round. There, they fired an additional 10 shots. These shots scored in increments of .1, with a maximum score of 10.9. The total score from all 70 shots was used to determine final ranking.

Kim Jong-su of North Korea originally won the bronze medal, but was disqualified after he tested positive for propranolol, upgrading Turner from fourth to third place.
Diglucosyl diacylglycerol synthase
In enzymology, a diglucosyl diacylglycerol synthase (EC 2.4.1.208) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

UDP-glucose + 1,2-diacyl-3-O-(alpha-D-glucopyranosyl)-sn-glycerol  1,2-diacyl-3-O-(alpha-D-glucopyranosyl(1->2)-O-alpha-D- glucopyranosyl)sn-glycerol + UDP

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are UDP-glucose and 1,2-diacyl-3-O-(alpha-D-glucopyranosyl)-sn-glycerol, whereas its 2 products are 1,2-diacyl-3-O-(alpha-D-glucopyranosyl(1-2)-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl)sn-glycerol, and UDP.

This enzyme belongs to the family of glycosyltransferases, specifically the hexosyltransferases.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is UDP-glucose:1,2-diacyl-3-O-(alpha-D-glucopyranosyl)-sn-glycerol (1->2) glucosyltransferase. Other names in common use include monoglucosyl diacylglycerol (1->2) glucosyltransferase, MGlcDAG (1->2) glucosyltransferase, and DGlcDAG synthase.  It employs one cofactor, magnesium.

Uridine diphosphate
Uridine diphosphate, abbreviated UDP, is an organic compound. It is an ester of pyrophosphoric acid with the nucleoside uridine. UDP consists of the pyrophosphate group, the pentose sugar ribose, and the nucleobase uracil.

UDP is an important factor in glycogenesis. Before glucose can be stored as glycogen in the liver and muscles, the enzyme UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase forms a UDP-glucose unit by combining glucose 1-phosphate with uridine triphosphate, cleaving a pyrophosphate ion in the process. Then, the enzyme glycogen synthase combines UDP-glucose units to form a glycogen chain. The UDP molecule is cleaved from the glucose ring during this process and can be reused by UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase.
1012 Sarema
1012 Sarema (prov. designation: A924 AD or 1924 PM) is a dark background asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 21 kilometers (13 miles) kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 12 January 1924, by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory at Heidelberg, Germany. The asteroid has a rotation period of 10.3 hours and probably an elongated shape. It was named after Sarema, a character in the poem The Fountain of Bakhchisaray by Aleksandr Pushkin, and the protagonist of the opera Sarema by Alexander von Zemlinsky based upon it.

Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory
Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory (German: Landessternwarte Heidelberg-Königstuhl) is a historic astronomical observatory located near the summit of the Königstuhl hill in the city of Heidelberg in Germany. It is operated by the Center for Astronomy (ZAH) at the University of Heidelberg.

The predecessor of the current observatory was originally opened in 1774 in the nearby city of Mannheim but degradation of observational conditions there resulted in a relocation to the Königstuhl in 1898.

The Observatory facility have little value for current astronomical research of ZAH; research is done with the Gama Ray H.E.S.S in Namibia and ESO facilities in Chile.

Andreas Quirrenbach is the observatory's director since 2005.
Bernardo Ribeiro
Bernardo Salim Ribeiro (9 October 1989 – 7 May 2016) was a Brazilian footballer who played as an attacking midfielder. As a young player he moved to Europe, where he played in Italy, Albania (where he won the national championship of 2012 with Skënderbeu Korçë), and Finland. He also played in the Australian first division. Upon returning to Brazil, he died in the aftermath of a match for an amateur club after suffering cardiac arrest.

Nova Friburgo
Nova Friburgo (Portuguese: [ˈnɔvɐ fɾiˈbuʁɡu]; German: Neufreiburg [nɔʏˈfʁaɪbʊʁk]; English: "New Fribourg"), commonly referred to as just Friburgo, is a municipality in the state of Rio de Janeiro in southeastern Brazil. It is located in the mountainous region, in the Center Mesoregion of the state, 136 km (85 mi) from the capital Rio de Janeiro. The town is 846 m (2,776 ft) above sea level, with a population of 189,939 (2022) and its area is 933 km2.
Bailes
Bailes is an English-language surname. People with the name include:

Alfred Shrapnell Bailes (1849–1928), Australian politician

Alyson Bailes (1949–2016), British diplomat

Barclay Bailes (1883–1955), Australian footballer

Ernest Bailes (born 1982), American politician

Ernie Bailes (1888–1964), Australian footballer

Julian Edwin Bailes Sr. (1915–2010), American judge

Margaret Bailes (born 1951), American athlete

Scott Bailes (born 1961), American baseball player

Ernest Bailes
Ernest James Bailes IV (born April 13, 1982), is an American politician and a former Republican member of the Texas House of Representatives for the 18th district. Bailes was defeated by Janis Holt by 53% to 39% on March 5, 2024, in the Republican primary for the Texas House of Representatives for the 18th District.
Pisani family
The House of Pisani is a Venetian patrician family, originating from Pisa, which played an important role in the historic, political and economic events of the Venetian Republic during the period between the 12th and the beginning of the 18th century.

The principal male line of the family, namely the Pisanis of Santo Stefano, died out at the end of the 19th century.

Lonigo
Lonigo is a town and comune in the province of Vicenza, Veneto, northern Italy, its population counts around 16,400 inhabitants.

In its frazione of Bagnolo is the Villa Pisani, a Renaissance patrician villa designed by Andrea Palladio, which is part of a World Heritage Site.  Another villa in the comune, Rocca Pisana, was designed by Vincenzo Scamozzi.

Outside the town is the church and complex of the 16th-century Sanctuary of Madonna dei Miracoli.
Differentiable stack
A differentiable stack is the analogue in differential geometry of an algebraic stack in algebraic geometry. It can be described either as a stack over differentiable manifolds which admits an atlas, or as a Lie groupoid up to Morita equivalence.

Differentiable stacks are particularly useful to handle spaces with singularities (i.e. orbifolds, leaf spaces, quotients), which appear naturally in differential geometry but are not differentiable manifolds. For instance, differentiable stacks have applications in foliation theory, Poisson geometry and twisted K-theory.

Singularity (mathematics)
In mathematics, a singularity is a point at which a given mathematical object is not defined, or a point where the mathematical object ceases to be well-behaved in some particular way, such as by lacking differentiability or analyticity.

For example, the reciprocal function  has a singularity at , where the value of the function is not defined, as involving a division by zero. The absolute value function  also has a singularity at , since it is not differentiable there.

The algebraic curve defined by  in the  coordinate system has a singularity (called a cusp) at . For singularities in algebraic geometry, see singular point of an algebraic variety. For singularities in differential geometry, see singularity theory.