hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Reginald Badham Lodge
Reginald Badham Lodge (10 March 1853–13 February 1937) was an English ornithologist, photographer, and painter of birds. In 1895 he received from the Royal Photographic Society the first medal ever presented for nature photography, for a photograph of a Northern lapwing (Vanellus vanellus) incubating its eggs. Eric Hosking and Harold Lowes stated their belief that this was the first photograph of a wild bird.

His brother was bird illustrator and falconry expert George Edward Lodge. Their father was Samuel Lodge, a canon of Lincoln Cathedral and rector of Scrivelsby, Lincolnshire.

Lodge was friends with Oliver G. Pike and they made trips together.

Northern lapwing
The northern lapwing (Vanellus vanellus), also known as the peewit or pewit, tuit or tewit, green plover, or (in Ireland and Great Britain) pyewipe or just lapwing, is a bird in the lapwing subfamily. It is common through temperate Eurosiberia.
Lau Weng San
Lau Weng San (Chinese: 刘永山; pinyin: Liú Yǒngshān; born 12 February 1978) is a Malaysian politician and engineer who has served as 12th Speaker of the Selangor State Legislative Assembly since September 2023. He served as Member of the Selangor State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Banting from May 2018 to August 2023 and for Kampung Tunku from March 2008 to May 2018. He is a member and State Organising Secretary of Selangor of the Democratic Action Party (DAP), a component party of the Pakatan Harapan (PH) and formerly Pakatan Rakyat (PR) as well as Barisan Alternatif (BA) coalitions. He was also the Political Secretary to the Secretary-General of DAP Lim Guan Eng from 2005 to 2008 and State Treasurer of DAP of Selangor. He is also the first non-MLA to become the Selangor Speaker since 2008 and the second in the history of the state after Onn Ismail.

Barisan Alternatif
The Alternative Front (Malay: Barisan Alternatif; abbrev: BA) was a coalition of Malaysian opposition parties, formed as a counterweight to the ruling Barisan Nasional. Disbanded after the 2004 general elections, all 4 former component parties of BA (then 3, after a merger of 2 of the parties) formed a new coalition, Pakatan Rakyat, following the 2008 general elections.
Mang of Xia
Máng (芒, read Wáng according to Sima Zhen) was the ninth king of the semi-legendary Xia dynasty. He possibly ruled 18 years. He was also known as Huang (荒).

Emperor Si Mang established a Sinking Sacrifice Ceremony (沉祭 Chen Ji) in which three common livestock animals (a cow, a pig & a sheep) & a memorial jade were sunk into the Yellow River as offerings to water spirits for peace & safety. Sinking sacrifices have since found widespread importance throughout Chinese history.

Sima Zhen
Sima Zhen (Chinese: 司馬貞; Wade–Giles: Ssu-ma Chen; 679–732), courtesy name Zizheng (Tzu-cheng; 子正), was a Tang dynasty Chinese historian born in what is now Jiaozuo, Henan.

Sima Zhen was one of the most important commentators on the Shiji.  His commentary is known as the Shiji Suoyin (史記索隱), which means "Seeking the Obscure in the Records of the Grand Historian".
Rakfisk
Rakfisk ([ˈrɑ̂ːkfɪsk]) is a Norwegian fish dish made from trout or char, salted and autolyzed for two to three months, or even up to a year. Rakfisk is then eaten without cooking and has a strong smell and a pungent salty flavor.

Recipe
A recipe is a set of instructions that lists the ingredients and steps needed to prepare a specific dish or meal. A sub-recipe or subrecipe is a recipe for an ingredient that will be called for in the instructions for the main recipe. Recipe books (also called cookbooks or cookery books) are a collection of recipes, help reflect cultural identities and social changes as well as serve as educational tools.
2010 Legg Mason Tennis Classic – Doubles
Martin Damm and Robert Lindstedt were the defending champions, but they chose to not compete together.
Damm partnered up with Oliver Marach, but they were eliminated by Rohan Bopanna and Aisam-ul-Haq Qureshi in the first round.
Lindstedt chose to play with Horia Tecău, but they were eliminated by Marcos Baghdatis and Stanislas Wawrinka in the first round.
Mardy Fish and Mark Knowles won the title, defeating Tomáš Berdych and Radek Štěpánek 4–6, 7–6(9–7), [10–7] in the finals.

Martin Damm
Martin Damm Sr. (born 1 August 1972) is a former professional tennis player from the Czech Republic. He is best known as a doubles player (his highest ranking being No. 5 in the world in April 2007). His highest singles ranking was No. 42 in August 1997. Damm won a total of 40 titles in doubles, including one Grand Slam title. He reached five singles finals. He played his last tournament in September 2011 at the US Open (with Radek Štěpánek) and lost to Colin Fleming and Ross Hutchins 6–3, 6–3.
Bauria railway station
The Bauria railway station serves Bauria, Howrah district, in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is situated on the Howrah–Kharagpur line, at a distance of 24 km (15 mi) from the terminus of Howrah Station.

Howrah district
Howrah district (/ˈhaʊrə/, Bengali: [ˈɦao̯ɽa]) is a district of the West Bengal state in eastern India. Howrah district is one of the highly urbanised area of West Bengal. It has thousands of years of rich heritage in the form of the great Bengali kingdom of Bhurshut. The district is named after its headquarters, the city of Howrah.
Yandina–Bli Bli Road
Yandina–Bli Bli Road is a continuous 13.1-kilometre (8.1 mi) road route in the Sunshine Coast local government area of Queensland, Australia. It is a state-controlled district road (number 1305), rated as a local road of regional significance (LRRS).

Sunshine Coast Region
The Sunshine Coast Region is a local government area located in the Sunshine Coast region of South East Queensland, Australia, from which it takes its name.

It was created by the amalgamation in 2008 of the City of Caloundra and the Shires of Maroochy and Noosa. It contains 4,194 kilometres (2,606 mi) of roads, 211 kilometres (131 mi) of coastline and a population of 351,424 in January 2021. The budget for the 2020–2021 financial year totals A$782 million including $243 million for Capital Works.

On 1 January 2014, the Shire of Noosa was re-established independent of the Sunshine Coast Regional Council.

In the 2021 census, the Sunshine Coast Region had a population of 342,541 people.
Kampong Penabai
Kampong Penabai (Malay: Kampung Penabai) is a coastal village located in the Tutong District of Brunei, within the mukim of Pekan Tutong. The village's postcode is TA3541. Located approximately 4–5 kilometres (2.5–3.1 mi) from the district town of Tutong, the village had a population of 749 in 2021. It originated in the early 20th century as a Brunei Malay settlement, previously known as Kampong Kuala Tutong, which spanned from Seri Kenangan Beach to the mouth of the Tutong River. Kampong Penabai covers 1.5 square kilometres (0.58 sq mi) from Seri Kenangan Beach to Kampong Penabai Mosque.

Tutong District
Tutong District (Malay: Daerah Tutong; Jawi: دائيره توتوڠ) or simply known as Tutong (tu-tong), is the third largest and populated district in Brunei. It has an area of 1,166 square kilometres (450 sq mi) and the population of 47,210 as of 2021. The district is also home to its administrative centre is Tutong Town (Pekan Tutong), as well as the Tutong River and Tasek Merimbun, the country's second longest river and the only ASEAN Heritage Parks in Brunei respectively.
Bob Schneider (children's music)
Bob Schneider is a Canadian singer-lyricist, best known for his children's music. He is best known as the lead singer of Bob Schneider and the Rainbow Kids' band which also included back up vocalist Katherine Flynn. Schenider was a nominee for the Juno Award for Children's Album of the Year in 1982 for Listen to the Children. The following year, he won the Juno Award for When You Dream a Dream.

Children's music
Children's music or kids' music is music composed and performed for children. In European-influenced contexts this means music, usually songs, written specifically for a juvenile audience. The composers are usually adults.

Children's music are a related genre of music, often developed from and related to rhymes and rhymes.

Children's music has historically held both entertainment and educational functions. Children's music is often designed to provide an entertaining means of teaching children about their culture, other cultures, good behavior, facts and skills. Many are folk songs, but there is a whole genre of educational music that has become increasingly popular.
Al-Amin Daggash
Al-Amin Musa Daggash CFR (born 1 October 1942) is a retired Air Marshal of the Nigerian Air Force who served as the 7th Chief of Defence Staff of Nigeria from 1998 to 1999 under the General Abdulsalami Abubakar regime.

He was the first non-army officer to hold that position in Nigeria's history, before him, this position was exclusively occupied by army officers. He was also the first and till date the only non-army officer to be the commandant of the Nigerian Defence Academy, Kaduna.

During the Abdulsalami Abubakar administration, Daggash was third in command and for that, he was awarded the distinctive national honour of Grand Commander of the Order of the Niger (GCON) in the government gazette 179 volume 85 December 1998, which was rescinded by the Obasanjo administration.

He was later awarded the national honour of Commander of the Federal Republic (CFR) in 2005.

Kaduna
Kaduna Listenⓘ is the capital city of Kaduna State, and the former political capital of Northern Nigeria. It is located in north-western Nigeria, on the Kaduna River. It is a trade center and a major transportation hub as the gateway to northern states of Nigeria, with its rail and important road network.

The population of Kaduna was put at 760,084 as of the 2006 Nigerian census. Rapid urbanization since 2005 has created an increasingly large population, and as of 2024, the city has an estimated population of 1.2 million people.
Dennis Wideman
Dennis Earl Wideman (born March 20, 1983) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey defenceman who played in the National Hockey League (NHL). Wideman was drafted in the eighth round, 241st overall, by the Buffalo Sabres in the 2002 NHL entry draft.

2016–17 NHL season
The 2016–17 NHL season was the 100th season of operation (99th season of play) of the National Hockey League. Thirty teams were competing in an 82-game regular season from October 12, 2016, to April 9, 2017. The 2017 Stanley Cup playoffs began on April 12 and concluded on June 11, with the Pittsburgh Penguins winning the Stanley Cup over the Nashville Predators in six games. On June 11, the Pittsburgh Penguins became the first team to repeat as Stanley Cup champions since the Detroit Red Wings in 1997–98, winning the franchise's fifth Stanley Cup and their third in nine seasons.
Carl Schurz Vrooman
Carl Schurz Vrooman (October 25, 1872 – April 8, 1966) was the Assistant United States Secretary of Agriculture under Woodrow Wilson. He started the victory garden campaign during World War I.

Vroomanwas born in Macon, Missouri, to Judge Hiram Perkins Vrooman and Sarah Buffington. Walter Vrooman was his elder brother. On December 28, 1896, he married Julia Green Scott, daughter of Matthew T. Scott and Julia Green, in Chenoa, Illinois. As Julia Scott's father had died, Adlai Stevenson I gave her away at their wedding.

He died on April 8, 1966, in Bloomington, Illinois. His papers are held at the Library of Congress.

Hiram Perkins Vrooman
Hiram Perkins Vrooman (24 July 1828, Schenectady – 8 March 1908, Springfield, Massachusetts was an American pioneer, judge and politician.

Hiram was one of eight children of John Vrooman and Elizabeth Bingham who had both grown up in New York State. John was descended from Hendrick Meese Vrooman,: 3  who was one of the seventeenth century Dutch settlers of Schenectady who had died in the Schenectady massacre. However, in 1837 the family moved to Sylvania, Ohio where John started a farm. This was shortly after the Toledo War had been resolved, with Sylvania being located in the Toledo strip which was absorbed into Ohio.
Bellona–Gittings Historic District
Bellona–Gittings Historic District is a national historic district located at Baltimore, Maryland.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2008.

The resources of the district total 449, which includes 374 residences, associated garages, and one commercial property which is a one story brick store building used for a neighborhood pharmacy and wine store. The architecture of this building harmonizes with the surrounding buildings. Of these resources, 395 are contributing and are characterized by a high level of architectural integrity. Most of the 54 noncontributing resources were constructed later than the period of significance.

"Gittings" is named for the Gittings family, once one of the wealthiest families in the city, and one of the largest real estate holders.

Gittings family
The Gittings family were once wealthy, powerful and prominent in Baltimore, Maryland from the late 18th to early 20th centuries.  At one time in the late 19th century they were described as the largest real estate holders in the city, and the largest single taxpayer in the city. The Gittings, known as devout Christians and politically conservative bankers, were also elected politicians, heads of railroads, foreign diplomats, city commissioners, and in one case, an important gay rights activist. They were plantation slave owners during the first few generations, and John Sterett Gittings (1798–1879) was a southern cause sympathizer during the war. One of their farms in Baltimore City became the neighborhood of Ashburton, today the home of many prominent black professionals and politicians.
Intertropical Convergence Zone
The Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ /ɪtʃ/ ITCH, or ICZ), known by sailors as the doldrums or the calms because of its monotonous windless weather, is the area where the northeast and the southeast trade winds converge. It encircles Earth near the thermal equator, though its specific position varies seasonally. When it lies near the geographic equator, it is called the near-equatorial trough. Where the ITCZ is drawn into and merges with a monsoonal circulation, it is sometimes referred to as a monsoon trough (a usage that is more common in Australia and parts of Asia).

Coupled Model Intercomparison Project
In climatology, the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP) is a collaborative framework designed to improve knowledge of climate change. It was organized in 1995 by the Working Group on Coupled Modelling (WGCM) of the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP). It is developed in phases to foster the climate model improvements but also to support national and international assessments of climate change. A related project is the Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project (AMIP) for global coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation models (GCMs).

Coupled models are computer-based models of the Earth's climate, in which different parts (such as atmosphere, oceans, land, ice) are "coupled" together, and interact in simulations.
Çukurkuyu, Niğde
Çukurkuyu is a town (belde) in the Bor District, Niğde Province, Turkey. Its population is 2,312 (2022). It is situated in the plains of Central Anatolia, to the south of Melendiz Mountain.  Distance to Bor is 25 kilometres (16 mi) to Niğde is 35 kilometres (22 mi). The village was founded by semi nomadic Turkmen tribes. In 1956 it was declared a seat of township. Agriculture is the main economic activity. Carpet weaving is secondary activity. Some town residents also work in Sugar refinery in Bor.

Central Anatolia region
The Central Anatolia region (Turkish: İç Anadolu Bölgesi) is a geographical region of Turkey. The largest city in the region is Ankara, the capital of Turkey. Other large cities are Konya, Kayseri, Eskişehir, Sivas, Aksaray and Kırşehir.

Located in Central Turkey, it is bordered by the Aegean region to the west, the Black Sea region to the north, the Eastern Anatolia region to the east, and the Mediterranean region to the south. It also shares a very slight border with the Marmara region in Bilecik Province.
Avaldsnes Church
Avaldsnes Church (Norwegian: Avaldsnes kirke, formally St. Olav's Church at Avaldsnes, Norwegian: St Olavskirken på Avaldsnes) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Karmøy Municipality in Rogaland county, Norway. It is located in the village of Avaldsnes on the northern part of the island of Karmøy. It is the church for the Avaldsnes parish which is part of the Karmøy prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Stavanger. The medieval stone church was built in a long church design by an unknown architect. The first church located here was likely built before the year 1024 on the site of Avaldsnes Kongsgård estate. The present stone church was built in 1250. The church seats about 400 people.

Diocese of Stavanger
The Diocese of Stavanger (Norwegian: Stavanger bispedømme) is a diocese in the Church of Norway. It covers all of Rogaland county in western Norway. The cathedral city is Stavanger, where the Stavanger Cathedral is located.  The bishop is Anne Lise Ådnøy, who has held the post since 2019.
Krestos
Krestos is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Gebre Krestos, Emperor of Ethiopia

Negasi Krestos, Ruler of Shewa

Newaya Krestos, Emperor of Ethiopia

Yemrehana Krestos, Emperor of Ethiopia

Nagasi Krestos
Nagasi Krestos was the ruling prince of Shewa (reigned c. 1682 — c. 1703), an important Amhara noble of Ethiopia. Nagasi succeeded to unite fragmented Amhara districts in Shewa, and launched several wars of reconquest of Shewan territories against his Oromo enemies.
Roman Catholic Diocese of Drivasto
The Diocese of Drivasto or Diocese of Drivast  (Latin: Dioecesis Drivastensis) was a Roman Catholic bishopric with see in the town of Drivasto (modern day Drisht in Postribë, 16 km north of Scutari, northern Albania) from circa 400 to 1650 and is now a Latin Catholic titular see. It was suppressed in 1650 (merged into the Diocese of Shkodrë) but restored as Latin titular see.

Diocese of Dubrovnik
The Diocese of Dubrovnik (Croatian: Dubrovačka biskupija); or Ragusa (Latin: Dioecesis Ragusiensis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in southern Croatia. The diocese is centred in the city of Dubrovnik. It was first erected in 990. From 1120 to 1828 it was elevated to the status of archdiocese. By papal bull Locum Beati Petri it was degraded to the level of a diocese in 1828.

The Cathedral of Assumption in Dubrovnik was built in 1713 after the previous cathedral was destroyed in an earthquake. Current bishop Roko Glasnović is head of the diocese. He was appointed by Pope Francis in 2021. Dubrovnik's patron saint is Saint Blaise (locally called Sveti Vlaho).
Radial recurrent artery
The radial recurrent artery arises from the radial artery immediately below the elbow.

It ascends between the branches of the radial nerve, lying on the supinator muscle and then between the brachioradialis muscle and the brachialis muscle, supplying these muscles and the elbow-joint, and anastomosing with the terminal part of the profunda brachii.

Brachialis muscle
The brachialis (also brachialis anticus or Casserio muscle) is a muscle in the upper arm that flexes the elbow. It lies beneath the biceps brachii, and makes up part of the floor of the region known as the cubital fossa (elbow pit). It originates from the anterior aspect of the distal humerus; it inserts onto the tuberosity of the ulna. It is innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve, and commonly also receives additional innervation from the radial nerve. The brachialis is the prime mover of elbow flexion generating about 50% more power than the biceps.
The Isolation Permutation
"The Isolation Permutation" is the eighth episode of the fifth season of the American sitcom The Big Bang Theory and the 95th episode of the show overall. It first aired on CBS on November 3, 2011.

In the episode, Amy becomes upset when Penny and Bernadette go dress shopping without her.

The Big Bang Theory season 5
The fifth season of the American television sitcom The Big Bang Theory aired on CBS from September 22, 2011 to May 10, 2012.

At the 64th Primetime Emmy Awards, The Big Bang Theory was nominated for Outstanding Comedy Series, but Modern Family on ABC won. The show was also nominated for Outstanding Technical Direction, Camerawork, Video Control for a Series and Outstanding Multi-Camera Picture Editing For A Comedy Series.

Jim Parsons (Sheldon Cooper) was nominated for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Comedy Series for "The Werewolf Transformation", but lost out to Jon Cryer. Mayim Bialik (Amy Farrah Fowler) was nominated for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series for "The Shiny Trinket Maneuver", but lost out to Julie Bowen.
2016 Trofeo Faip–Perrel – Singles
Benoît Paire is the defending champion, but chose to participate in the 2016 ABN AMRO World Tennis Tournament instead.

Pierre-Hugues Herbert won the title, defeating Egor Gerasimov in the final 6–3, 7–6(7–5).

Egor Gerasimov
Yegor Alekseyevich Gerasimov (Russian: Егор Алексеевич Герасимов) or Yahor Alyakseyevich Herasimaŭ (Belarusian: Ягор Аляксеевіч Герасімаў; born 11 November 1992 in Minsk) is a Belarusian professional tennis player. He has a career high ATP singles ranking of world No. 65, which he achieved on 24 February 2020. He also achieved a career high ATP doubles ranking of No. 263 on 2 March 2015. He is the current No. 2 Belarusian player.
Don Dixon (artist)
Don Dixon (born 1951) is an American astronomical artist practicing space art in the tradition of Chesley Bonestell.

Born in Easton, Pennsylvania,  Dixon has created cover art for Scientific American, Sky & Telescope, Omni, The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction, Astronomy Magazine, and many other publications. Dixon's paintings have been used to illustrate the covers of several science fiction books, such as the Mars Trilogy by Kim Stanley Robinson and the Galactic Center Saga by Gregory Benford. He directed and co-wrote the immersive animated film Centered in the Universe, which premiered in 2006 at the Samuel Oschin Planetarium at Griffith Observatory, where he served as Art Director from 1991 to 2021. He is a founding member of the International Association of Astronomical Artists (IAAA) and was elected a Fellow of that organization in 2000.

Gregory Benford
Gregory Benford (born January 30, 1941) is an American science fiction author and astrophysicist who is professor emeritus at the department of physics and astronomy at the University of California, Irvine. He is a contributing editor of Reason magazine.

Benford wrote the Galactic Center Saga science fiction novels, beginning with In the Ocean of Night (1977).  The series postulates a galaxy in which sentient organic life is in constant warfare with sentient electromechanical life.

In 1969, he wrote "The Scarred Man", the first story about a computer virus (based on a real computer virus he had spread), published in 1970.
Isabelle Corey
Isabelle Corey (29 May 1939 – 6 February 2011) was a French actress and model.

Corey started modeling in Paris in her teens for magazines such as Jardin des Modes, Elle and Madame Figaro. She was discovered in the Latin Quarter, where she lived with her parents, by Jean-Pierre Melville and was offered the lead in his classic film noir, Bob le flambeur.

Latin Quarter, Paris
The Latin Quarter of Paris (French: Quartier latin, IPA: [kaʁtje latɛ̃]) is a district in Paris on the left bank of the Seine, around the Sorbonne.  Located  in the city's 5th and the 6th arrondissements, it is known for its concentration of universities.

Although there has been some exodus, new schools have appeared, and the Latin Quarter continues to be the heart of the universities, and Grandes écoles that succeeded the University of Paris, including the Sorbonne University, Panthéon-Sorbonne University, Paris Cité University,  PSL University, Panthéon-Assas University, and Sciences Po.

The area gets its name from the Latin language, which was widely spoken in and around the University during the Middle Ages, after the twelfth century philosopher Pierre Abélard and his students took up residence there.