hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Humphrey Playford
Humphrey Blake Playford (8 February 1896 – 1981) was an English rower distinguished by rowing in three successful races against Oxford University and rowing Head of the River for Jesus College, Cambridge in the same three years.

Jesus College, Cambridge
Jesus College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge. Jesus College was established in 1496 on the site of the twelfth-century Benedictine nunnery of St Mary and St Radegund by John Alcock, then Bishop of Ely. The cockerel is the symbol of Jesus College, after the surname of its founder. From 1560 to 1860, Jesus College was primarily a training college for Church of England clergy.

Jesus College has assets of approximately £375m making it Cambridge's seventh-wealthiest college. The college is known for its particularly expansive grounds which include its sporting fields and for its proximity to its boathouse. Three members of Jesus College have each received a Nobel Prize. Two fellows of the college have been appointed to the International Court of Justice.

Sonita Alleyne was elected master of Jesus College in 2019, 40 years after the college began admitting women as students. She is also the first black leader of an Oxbridge college.
Erhard Heinz
Erhard Heinz (30 April 1924, Bautzen – 29 December 2017, Göttingen) was a German mathematician known for his work on partial differential equations, in particular the Monge–Ampère equation.
He worked as professor in Stanford, Munich and from 1966 until his retirement 1992 at the University of Göttingen.

Heinz obtained his PhD in 1951 under the supervision of Franz Rellich at the University of Göttingen.

His most important scientific work deals with the existence and regularity theory of systems of non-linear partial differential equations, with applications to differential geometry and mathematical physics. He obtained important results in the theory of surfaces with prescribed mean curvature, in particular of minimal surfaces, for the Weyl embedding problem, and for systems of Monge-Ampère type.

In 1994 he was awarded the Cantor medal. His doctoral students include Hans Wilhelm Alt, Wolf von Wahl, Willi Jäger, Helmut Werner, Reinhold Böhme, Friedrich Tomi, and Friedrich Sauvigny.

Mathematical physics
Mathematical physics is the development of mathematical methods for application to problems in physics. The Journal of Mathematical Physics defines the field as "the application of mathematics to problems in physics and the development of mathematical methods suitable for such applications and for the formulation of physical theories". An alternative definition would also include those mathematics that are inspired by physics, known as physical mathematics.
Tarsha Gale Cup
The Tarsha Gale Cup is an elite under-19s women's rugby league competition in New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory, Australia. The competition was named after former captain of Australia and current NRLW commentator, Tarsha Gale, in honour of her impact on Women's rugby league as a pioneer of the sport.

In 2017, the New South Wales Rugby League announced the creation of a nine-a-side under-18s women's league, named the Tarsha Gale Nines after the former Australian Jillaroos and New South Wales captain of the 1990s.

The tournament changed to eleven-a-side in the 2019.

Since 2020, the tournament has been played as a full 13-a-side game.

In the 2021 season, the age group changed from under-18s to under-19s. The equivalent competition for males, the S.G. Ball Cup, was also changed from under-18s to under-19s at this time.

The Tarsha Gale Cup is the main bridge between juniors and the NSWRL Women's Premiership in the state of New South Wales.

New South Wales women's rugby league team
The New South Wales Women's rugby league team represents the Australian state of New South Wales in Women's rugby league football. Also known as the Blues due to their sky blue jerseys, the team competes in the annual State of Origin series against the neighboring team, the Queensland Women's rugby league team.
7th Division (Winter War)
The 7th Division was a unit of the Finnish Army during the Winter War.  It was formed in January 1940 by renumbering the 10th Division in the hope of convincing the Soviets that it had been replaced by fresh troops.  The unit was commanded throughout the rest of the Winter War by Major-General Einar Vihma.

Finnish Army
The Finnish Army (Finnish: Maavoimat [ˈmɑːˌʋoi̯mɑt], Swedish: Armén) is the land forces branch of the Finnish Defence Forces. The Finnish Army is divided into six branches: infantry (which includes armoured units), field artillery, anti-aircraft artillery, engineers, signals, and materiel troops. The commander of the Finnish Army as of 1 January 2022 is Lieutenant General Pasi Välimäki.
George Chuvalo
George Louis Chuvalo CM OOnt (born September 12, 1937, as Jure Čuvalo) is a Canadian former professional boxer who was a five-time Canadian heavyweight champion and two-time world heavyweight title challenger. He is known for having never been knocked down in any of his 93 professional bouts including fights against Muhammad Ali, Joe Frazier, and George Foreman. Chuvalo unsuccessfully challenged Muhammad Ali for the heavyweight championship in 1966. Chuvalo was inducted into the Ontario Sports Hall of Fame in 1995.

Order of Ontario
The Order of Ontario (French: Ordre de l'Ontario) is a civilian honour for merit in the Canadian province of Ontario. Instituted in 1986 by Lieutenant Governor Lincoln Alexander, on the advice of the Cabinet under Premier David Peterson, the civilian order is administered by the Lieutenant Governor-in-Council and is intended to honour current or former Ontario residents for conspicuous achievements in any field.
Line 32 (Shenzhen Metro)
Line 32 of the Shenzhen Metro is a line under construction, which will run entirely in Dapeng New District from Xichong at the terminus of Line 8 to Kuichong East for approximately 9.5 kilometers. Construction began on 8 May 2024, and the line is expected to open in 2028.

Dapeng New Area
Dapeng New Area (大鹏新区; Cantonese: [tàːi̯ pʰȁːŋ sɐ́n kʰɵ́y̯]) is an administrative area under the jurisdiction of Longgang, Shenzhen, Guangdong. It has a land area of 294.18 square kilometres (113.58 sq mi), a coastline of 133.22 kilometres (82.78 mi) and a total population of about 160,000. The district was created on 30 December 2011 with its administration center located on 5 Dapeng Street, Zhongshan Road.
Franklin O-400
The Franklin O-400 (company designation 8AC) was an American air-cooled aircraft engine of the 1940s. The engine was of eight-cylinder, horizontally-opposed layout and displaced 397 cu in (6.5 L). The power output was 235 hp (175 kW).

Flat-eight engine
A flat-eight engine (also known as a horizontally-opposed eight) is an eight-cylinder piston engine with two banks of four inline cylinders, one on each side of a central crankshaft, 180° apart.

In a flat-eight engine, the connecting rods for corresponding pistons from the left and right banks may share a crankshaft journal. A boxer-eight engine is a special case of a flat-eight where each piston's connecting rod has its own journal, and each pair of opposed pistons moves inwards or outwards at the same time.

Flat-eight engines have been used in automotive, motorcycle, aircraft, and marine applications.
Sirohi House
28°41′01″N 77°13′19″E﻿ / ﻿28.683479°N 77.221940°E﻿ / 28.683479; 77.221940

Sirohi House is the former residence of the Maharao of Sirohi in Delhi. The house is located close to Civil Lines, Delhi.

The house is run today as a traveller inn and hotel.

Civil Lines, Delhi
The Civil Lines is a historical residential area and one of the three subdivisions of the North Delhi district in India. It is also one of the 12 zones under the Municipal Corporation of Delhi. During the colonial rule, it served as the hub for British colonial officials and senior administrators. The area was home to European-style hotels and residences until New Delhi was established in 1911.
Festucalex scalaris
The ladder pipefish (Festucalex scalaris) is a species of marine fish of the family Syngnathidae. It is endemic to Western Australia, occurring from Shark Bay to the Monte Bello Islands. It is a habitat generalist, with species samples being taken from trawls, from among weeds and algae and one sample from a pond. It is reported to occur on rocky-reefs in inlets, bays and lagoons, as well as shallow seagrass beds. It is expected to feed on small crustaceans, and can grow to lengths of 18 centimetres (7.1 in). This species is ovoviviparous, with males brooding eggs and giving birth to live young.

Generalist and specialist species
A generalist species is able to thrive in a wide variety of environmental conditions and can make use of a variety of different resources (for example, a heterotroph with a varied diet). A specialist species can thrive only in a narrow range of environmental conditions or has a limited diet. Most organisms do not all fit neatly into either group, however. Some species are highly specialized (the most extreme case being monophagous, eating one specific type of food), others less so, and some can tolerate many different environments. In other words, there is a continuum from highly specialized to broadly generalist species.
Equestrian at the 2024 Summer Olympics – Team jumping
The team show jumping event at the 2024 Summer Olympics took place on 1–2 August 2024. The event was won by the Great Britain team of Scott Brash, Harry Charles and Ben Maher, the third gold medal for Great Britain in the event. Brash and Maher had already been part of the second Great Britain gold medal team in 2012, along with Charles' father, Peter Charles (and Nick Skelton).

The American team won silver and the French bronze.

Scott Brash
Scott Brash MBE (born 23 November 1985) is a Scottish showjumper. He began riding the horse Hello Sanctos in early 2012. They competed as part of the British Team at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London winning a gold medal in the team jumping event. In 2015, he became the first rider to win show jumping's Rolex Grand Slam, all three of the sport's most prestigious events in a single year, earning the sport's biggest individual prize of €1 million (£735,000).

In September 2025 Scott won the Spruce Meadows Rolex Master €5million GP at the 50th anniversary show of Spruce Meadows taking home a €1.6 million Canadian dollar prize. He is the only rider the win the Spruce Meadows Masters three times and has now won a prestigious five Rolex Grand Slams.
1993 India floods
The 1993 India floods was a deadly flood caused by several days long heavy monsoon rains and severe weather that occurred in July 1993 across eight states in the north of the country. Severe floods left 530 fatalities and millions people went homeless, including from Haryana. Punjab with 350 deaths was the most affected state where "1.2 million acres of crops" were extensively damaged, mostly from Patiala, north-western region of the state. Flash floods swept away major railway tracks, roads, and bridges, leading to disrupt the communications between the northeastern states and the rest of the country. Initial reports cited one hundred deaths in Gujarat.

It is believed floods swept away more than one hundred cattle from the affected areas. Ajnala town of Amritsar district in Punjab also suffered a heavy loss where floods washed away a large number of the villages.

Patiala
Patiala (Punjabi pronunciation: [pʌʈeɑ̈ːɭɑ]) is a city in southeastern Punjab, northwestern India. It is the fourth largest city in the state and is the administrative capital of Patiala district. Patiala is located around the Qila Mubarak (the 'Blessed Castle') constructed by a chieftain Ala Singh, who founded the royal dynasty of Patiala State in 1763, and after whom the city is named.

In popular culture, the city remains famous for its traditional Patiala shahi turban (a type of headgear), paranda (a tasselled tag for braiding hair), Patiala salwar (a type of female trousers), jutti (a type of footwear) and Patiala peg (a measure of liquor). Patiala is also known as the Royal City and the Beautiful City.
Petermann (crater)
Petermann is a lunar impact crater that is located near the northern limb of the Moon, on the eastern hemisphere. It is located about 10 kilometres to the north of the crater Cusanus. Due to its location, this crater appears significantly foreshortened when viewed from the Earth, and its visibility can be affected by libration.  To the west is Baillaud and to the southeast is Hayn.

Attached to the western rim of this crater is the large, heavily eroded crater Petermann R, which is much larger than Petermann although less prominent in appearance. The outer rim of Petermann is eroded, but retains some structure including traces of terraces. The inner wall varies in width around the perimeter, being wider to the south and southeast near Cusanus. The interior floor has been resurfaced, leaving a level plain that is marked only by a number of tiny craterlets and only a few low ridges near the sides.

The name of the crater was approved by the IAU in 1935.

Sphere
A sphere (from Ancient Greek σφαῖρα, sphaîra) is a surface analogous to the circle, a curve. In solid geometry, a sphere is the set of points that are all at the same distance r from a given point in three-dimensional space. That given point is the center of the sphere, and the distance r is the sphere's radius. The earliest known mentions of spheres appear in the work of the ancient Greek mathematicians.

The sphere is a fundamental surface in many fields of mathematics. Spheres and nearly-spherical shapes also appear in nature and industry. Bubbles such as soap bubbles take a spherical shape in equilibrium. The Earth is often approximated as a sphere in geography, and the celestial sphere is an important concept in astronomy. Manufactured items including pressure vessels and most curved mirrors and lenses are based on spheres. Spheres roll smoothly in any direction, so most balls used in sports and toys are spherical, as are ball bearings.
Pesamino Iakopo
Pesamino Iakopo (born 28 March 2000) is a Samoan sprinter and rugby union player. He represented Samoa at the 2022 Pacific Mini Games and is part of the team for the 2022 Commonwealth Games.

Iakopo is from Faala on the island of Savai'i. He was educated at Don Bosco College. He competed at the 2019 Pacific Games in Apia, making it to the semifinals. In August 2019 he won the Champion of Champions competition in Samoa, setting a new record in the triple-jump. He later competed in the 2022 Pacific Mini Games in Saipan, Northern Mariana Islands, winning silver in the 100 metres and 4 × 100 metres relay.

On 14 July 2022 he was selected as part of Samoa's team for the 2022 Commonwealth Games in Birmingham.

In 2019 he was selected for the training squad for the Samoa national rugby sevens team for its Olympic qualifier. In January 2020 he was named as a non-travelling reserve for the Hamilton Sevens. He was not included in the team in its 2021 trials.

2019 Pacific Games
The 16th Pacific Games (Samoan: Taʻaloga Lona-Sefulu-Ono a le Pasefika), also known as Apia 2019,  were held from 7 to 20 July 2019. The Games were held in Apia, Samoa, returning there for the first time since 2007. It was the third time overall that the Pacific Games were held in Samoa.

The event was initially awarded to Nukuʻalofa, Tonga, but the Tongan government officially withdrew from hosting it in May 2017, amid concerns the country could face economic difficulties if it proceeded.

These Games included an additional discipline for basketball, which is the 3x3 format, as well as the return of archery and badminton which were not on the 2015 Pacific Games program.
Braxton Family Values season 5
The fifth season of Braxton Family Values, an American reality television series, broadcast on WE tv. It premiered on May 19, 2016, and was primarily filmed in Atlanta, Georgia and Los Angeles, California. Its executive producers are Toni Braxton, Tamar Braxton, Vincent Herbert, Dan Cutforth, Jane Lipsitz, Julio Kollerbohm, Michelle Kongkasuwan, Lauren Gellert, Annabelle McDonald and Sitarah Pendelton.

Braxton Family Values focuses on the lives of Toni Braxton and her sisters — Tamar, Traci, Towanda, and Trina — plus their mother, Evelyn.

Vincent Herbert
Vincent Herbert (born January 27, 1972) is an American record executive and record producer. He founded Streamline Records in 2007, an imprint of Interscope Records through which he has signed artists including Lady Gaga, Greyson Chance, Tamar Braxton.
Max Kahn
Max Kahn (1902–2005) was a Litvak lithographer, painter and sculptor born in Slonim, Belarus in 1902. He worked until age 100 and died in 2005 at the age of 103. He was one of a small group of lithographers in the late 1940s and 1950s demonstrating the self-expressive qualities of the medium.

Slonim
Slonim is a town in Grodno Region, in western Belarus. It serves as the administrative center of Slonim District. It is located at the junction of the Shchara and Isa rivers, 143 km (89 mi) southeast of Grodno. As of 2025, it has a population of 48,402.
Alexandre Bécognée
Alexandre Bécognée (born 3 September 1996) is a French rugby union player who plays for Montpellier in the Top 14. His playing position is flanker. Bécognée signed for Montpellier in 2020, following two seasons at Mont-de-Marsan. He made his debut for France in the 2021 July rugby union tests against Australia.

Stade Montois Rugby
Stade Montois Rugby is a French rugby union team that currently is playing in Pro D2, the second level of the country's professional league system.

They were founded in 1908 and play in yellow and black. They are based in Mont-de-Marsan, the capital of the Landes département, in Nouvelle-Aquitaine, and play at the Stade Guy Boniface.
Andrew Boff
Andrew Boff (born 14 April 1958) is a British politician who has been deputy chair of the London Assembly since May 2025. Boff was previously chair of the London Assembly between May 2023 and 2025, and from 2021 to 2022. A member of the Conservative Party, he has served as a London-wide Assembly Member (AM) since the 2008 election. Boff served as Leader of the Conservatives in the London Assembly from June 2012 to October 2015.

Andrew Boff was a supporter of the "Yes! To fairer votes" campaign in the 2011 UK Alternative Vote referendum. He was the Conservative representative at a "Yes!" event in London on 3 May 2011. Boff has unsuccessfully sought to become the Conservative candidate for Mayor of London on six occasions, most recently failing to gain the nomination for the 2024 election.

YES! To Fairer Votes
YES! To Fairer Votes was a political campaign in the United Kingdom whose purpose was to persuade the public to vote in favour of the Alternative Vote (AV) in the referendum on Thursday, 5 May 2011. YES! To Fairer Votes was unsuccessful in changing the voting system, with 32.1% of votes cast in favour.  It was opposed by the anti-reform campaign NOtoAV.
Zuill Bailey
James Zuill Bailey, better known as Zuill Bailey (born April 24, 1972) is an American Grammy Award-winning cello soloist, chamber musician, and artistic director. A graduate of the Peabody Institute of the Johns Hopkins University and the Juilliard School, he has appeared in recital and with major orchestras internationally. He is a professor of cello and Director of the Center for Entrepreneurship at the University of Texas at El Paso.  Bailey’s extensive recording catalogue are released on TELARC, Avie, Steinway and Sons, Octave, Delos, Albany, Sono Luminus, Naxos, Azica, Concord, EuroArts, ASV, Oxingale and Zenph Studios.

Peabody Institute
The Peabody Institute of the Johns Hopkins University is a private music and dance conservatory and preparatory school in Baltimore, Maryland. Founded in 1857, it became affiliated with Johns Hopkins in 1977.
Crack My Nut
Crack My Nut is the third studio album by Dutch rock and roll band Claw Boys Claw. This was their last album on Polydor, which terminated the band's record deal the next year, citing disappointing sales. The album was recorded when the band's popularity was reaching a high point. The band had played all over Europe (including the Roskilde Festival) and had gained a strong reputation as a live band. Crack My Nut was produced by the Australian producer Victor Van Vugt, and was recorded in the Hansa Tonstudio in Berlin.

While Polydor may have been disappointed with the album's sales (it never charted), the band had a very successful year, winning the prestigious BV Popprijs and having their debut album, Shocking Shades of Claw Boys Claw, re-released by Polydor.

Roskilde Festival
The Roskilde Festival is a Danish music festival held annually south of Roskilde. It is one of the largest music festivals in Europe and the largest in the Nordic countries. It was created in 1971 by two high school students and a promoter. In 1972, the festival was taken over by the Roskilde Foundation, which has since run the festival as a non-profit organization for development and support of music, culture and humanism. In 2014, the Roskilde Foundation provided festival participants with the opportunity to nominate and vote upon which organizations should receive funds raised by the festival.

The Roskilde Festival was Denmark's first music-oriented festival created for hippies, and today covers more of the mainstream youth from Scandinavia and the rest of Europe. Most festival visitors are Danes, but there are also many visitors from elsewhere, especially the other Scandinavian countries and Germany.
Japan Investment Corporation
Japan Investment Corporation (株式会社産業革新投資機構, Kabushikigaisha sangyō kakushin tōshi kikō), abbreviated as JIC, is a Japanese sovereign wealth fund. It is an Authorized Corporation under the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI).

In 2021, according to S&P Global Market Intelligence and Preqin, its private equity arm, JIC Capital, was ranked as the fifth largest private equity firm in the world based on total fundraising over the most recent five-year period.

Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry
The Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (経済産業省, Keizai-sangyō-shō; lit. 'Ministry of Economy and Industry'; METI) is a ministry of the Government of Japan. It was created by the 2001 Central Government Reform when the Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI) merged with agencies from other ministries related to economic activities, such as the Economic Planning Agency.

METI has jurisdiction over a broad policy area, containing Japan's industrial/trade policies, energy security, control of arms exports, "Cool Japan", etc.

The Ministry has its headquarters in Kasumigaseki, Chiyoda Ward, Tokyo. Its current head is Ryosei Akazawa, who was appointed minister by Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi in October 2025.
Howald (surname)
Howald is a German-language surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Florian Howald, Swiss orienteering competitor

Martin Howald, Swiss orienteering competitor

Patrick Howald,  Swiss professional ice hockey player (retired)

Arthur M. Howald, inventor of fishing rods, see Ugly Stik

Ugly Stik
Ugly Stik is a subsidiary company of Shakespeare, a fishing equipment retail company. Ugly Stik is primarily known for its fishing rods. Shakespeare, originally called William Shakespeare Jr. Company, was founded by William Shakespeare Jr. in 1897 in Kalamazoo, Michigan. The William Shakespeare Jr. Company changed its name to Shakespeare in 1915, then moved its base of operations to Columbia, South Carolina in 1970. In 1976, Shakespeare introduced the Ugly Stik rod.