hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alabama darter
The Alabama darter (Etheostoma ramseyi) is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a darter from the subfamily Etheostomatinae, part of the family Percidae, which also contains the perches, ruffes and pikeperches. It is endemic to the eastern United States, where it occurs mostly below the fall line of the Alabama River drainage.  It is also relatively common in headwater tributaries to the Cahaba River above the fall line.

The Tombigbee darter was first formally described in 1994 by Royal Dallas Suttkus and Reeve Maclaren Bailey with the type locality given as Beaver Creek, a tributary of the Alabama River in Wilcox County, Alabama. The specific name honors the American ichthyologist John S. Ramsey.

Cahaba River
The Cahaba River is the longest substantially free-flowing river in Alabama. It is a major tributary of the Alabama River and part of the larger Mobile River basin. With headwaters near Birmingham, the Cahaba flows southwest, then at Heiberger turns southeast and joins the Alabama River at the ghost town and former Alabama capital of Cahaba in Dallas County. Entirely within central Alabama, the Cahaba River is 194 miles (312 km) long and drains an area of 1,870 square miles (4,800 km2). The name Cahaba is derived from the Choctaw words oka meaning "water" and aba meaning "above"
Corner High School
Corner High School (CHS) is a four-year public high school in the Birmingham, Alabama suburb of Dora. It is one of fourteen high schools in the Jefferson County School System. School colors are black and gold, and the athletic teams are called the Yellowjackets. CHS competes in AHSAA Class 4A athletics.

Yellowjacket
Yellowjacket or yellow jacket is the common name in North America for predatory social wasps of the genera Vespula and Dolichovespula. Members of these genera are known simply as "wasps" in other English-speaking countries. Most of these are black and yellow like the eastern yellowjacket (Vespula maculifrons) and the aerial yellowjacket (Dolichovespula arenaria); some are black and white like the bald-faced hornet (Dolichovespula maculata). Some have an abdomen with a red background color instead of black. They can be identified by their distinctive markings, their occurrence only in colonies, and a characteristic, rapid, side-to-side flight pattern prior to landing. All females are capable of stinging. Yellowjackets are important predators of pest insects.
Epigenetic code
The epigenetic code is hypothesised to be a defining code in every eukaryotic cell consisting of the specific epigenetic modification in each cell. It consists of histone modifications defined by the histone code and additional epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation. The base for the epigenetic code is a system above the genetic code of a single cell. While in one individual the genetic code in each cell is the same, the epigenetic code is tissue and cell specific. The epigenetic code can be multidimensional in nature. It could include any of the three major cellular macro-molecules: namely, DNA (code independent), RNA, and/or protein. In some ciliates potential structural codes have also been suggested.

Genetic code
Genetic code is a set of rules used by living cells to translate information encoded within genetic material (DNA or RNA sequences of nucleotide triplets or codons) into proteins. Translation is accomplished by the ribosome, which links proteinogenic amino acids in an order specified by messenger RNA (mRNA), using transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules to carry amino acids and to read the mRNA three nucleotides at a time. The genetic code is highly similar among all organisms and can be expressed in a simple table with 64 entries.

The codons specify which amino acid will be added next during protein biosynthesis. With some exceptions, a three-nucleotide codon in a nucleic acid sequence specifies a single amino acid. The vast majority of genes are encoded with a single scheme (see the RNA codon table). That scheme is often called the canonical or standard genetic code, or simply the genetic code, though variant codes (such as in mitochondria) exist.
Kim Young-ran (actress)
Kim Young-ran (Korean: 김영란; born August 19, 1956) is a South Korean actress. Kim dropped out of Konkuk University in 1976 to pursue an acting career. She enjoyed her heyday as a leading actress in the late 1970s to the early 1980s, and continues to be active in supporting roles in television dramas until the present.

Konkuk University
Konkuk University (Korean: 건국대학교; Hanja: 建國大學校) is a private university founded in South Korea in 1931.

Konkuk University is known for its veterinary and art colleges at the Seoul campus. It has two campuses: one in Seoul and one in Chungju. The Seoul campus is located near the Han River, by the Konkuk University Station (subway line number 2 and number 7).
The Page Turner
The Page Turner (French: La Tourneuse de pages) is a 2006 French film directed by Denis Dercourt. It was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2006 Cannes Film Festival. The $4.2 million (€3.07 million) film went on to become an international box office success, grossing $11.1 million worldwide.

2006 Cannes Film Festival
The 59th Cannes Film Festival was held from 17 to 28 May 2006. Chinese filmmaker Wong Kar-wai served as jury president for the main competition, becoming the first Chinese person to do so. English filmmaker Ken Loach won the Palme d'Or for the war drama film The Wind That Shakes the Barley.

The official poster for the festival features a still image from the Wong Kar-wai's 2000 film In the Mood for Love, which won the Best Actor award at the 53rd edition.

The festival opening film was The Da Vinci Code directed by Ron Howard. While Transylvania by Tony Gatlif was the closing film.

This edition also marked the first time in three years that no American film, actor, actress, or filmmaker won any awards in Cannes.
Zard-Kuh
Zard-Kuh, also Zard Kuh-e Bakhtiari (Persian: زردکوه بختیاری, lit. 'Bakhtiari Yellow Mountain', alternatively Zardkuh or Zarduh Kuh), is a sub-range in the central Zagros Mountains, Iran.

With an elevation of 4,221 metres (13,848 ft), its highest peak "Kolonchin" is located in the Kuhrang County, in the Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province of Iran. The Karun and also Zayanderud rivers originate in the Zagros Mountains near the Zard-Kuh. There are small glaciers on the mountain owing to the relatively high precipitation, which are the only glaciers in the subtropics outside the Himalayas, Andes and Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt.

Geologically, the Zard-Kuh is situated in the Sanandaj-Sirjan geologic and structural zone of Iran and is mainly made of Cretaceous limestone.

The documentary Grass captures on film the Bakhtiari tribe's crossing of Zard-Kuh.

Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province
Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province (Persian: استان چهارمحال و بختیاری) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. Its capital is the city of Shahr-e Kord. The province lies in the southwest of the country, with an area of 16,332 square kilometers.

The province was classified as part of Region 2 upon the division of the provinces into 5 regions solely for coordination and development purposes on June 22, 2014.

Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province lies in the heart of the Zagros Mountains, a mountain range that stretches across north-western Iran and forms a natural barrier between Iran and Iraq.
Devendra Kunwar (politician)
Devendra Kunwar (born 1958) is an Indian politician from Jharkhand. He is an MLA from Jarmundi Assembly constituency in Dumka District. He won the 2024 Jharkhand Legislative Assembly election, representing the Bharatiya Janata Party.

2019 Jharkhand Legislative Assembly election
Legislative Assembly elections were held in Jharkhand, India, from 30 November to 20 December 2019 to elect the 81 members of the 5th Jharkhand Legislative Assembly. Results were declared on 23 December 2019. The pre-election term of the Assembly was set to end on 27 December 2019.
Turk's solution
In hemocytometry, Türk's solution (or Türk's fluid) is a hematological stain (either crystal violet or aqueous methylene blue) prepared in 99% acetic acid (glacial) and distilled water. The solution destroys the
red blood cells and platelets within a blood sample (acetic acid being the main lyzing agent), and stains the nuclei of the white blood cells, making them easier to see and count.

Türk's solution is intended for use in determining total leukocyte count in a defined volume of blood. Erythrocytes are hemolyzed while leukocytes are stained for easy visualization.

Composition of Türk's solution is as follows:

Methylene blue
Methylthioninium chloride, commonly called methylene blue, is a salt used as a dye and as a medication. As a medication, it is mainly used to treat methemoglobinemia. It has previously been used for treating cyanide poisoning and urinary tract infections, but this use is no longer recommended.  It has also been used to treat cases of malaria for over a century.

Methylene blue is typically given by injection into a vein. Common side effects include headache, nausea, and vomiting.

Methylene blue was first prepared in 1876, by Heinrich Caro. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.

In recent years, methylene blue has been promoted for various health effects, but outside its established medical use, its safety and effectiveness are unproven; it is potentially toxic and should only be used under a doctor's prescription.
Petrus Astronomus
Petrus Astronomus, O.Ss.S., (died after 1513), a German by birth, was a Bridgettine monk in Vadstena Abbey, Vadstena, Sweden.  In 1506, he created an astronomical clock for the Uppsala Cathedral, which, in addition to the hours and minutes of the day, also illustrated the moon phase and the movements of the planets. The clock was repaired by Christopher Polhem in the 17th century but destroyed in a fire in 1702.

He first appears by name as a lecturer in astronomy at Uppsala University, where between 1508 and 1509 he conducted a series of lectures.

He is sometimes erroneously confused for Conrad Dasypodius who constructed the astronomic clockwork in the Strassbourg cathedral.

Vadstena Abbey
The Abbey Pax Mariae (Latin: Monasterium sanctarum Mariæ Virgìnis et Brigidæ in Vatzstena), more commonly referred to as Vadstena Abbey, is situated on Lake Vättern in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Stockholm and is a monastery of nuns within the Bridgettine Order. It was active from 1346 until 1595 and has been active since 1963, regaining status as an autonomous abbey in 1991.

The abbey started on one of the farms donated to it by the king, but the town of Vadstena grew up around it. It was the motherhouse of the Bridgettine Order from 1346 to 1595.
Wavertree Sports Park
Wavertree Sports Park is a large sporting, exercise and leisure complex located in the Wavertree area of Liverpool, England. The sports park is home to the Liverpool Aquatics Centre, Liverpool Tennis Centre and Wavertree Athletics Centre alongside numerous other health and fitness related facilities.

Wavertree
Wavertree is a district and suburb of Liverpool, in the county of Merseyside, England. It is a ward of Liverpool City Council, and its population at the 2011 census was 14,772. Located to the south and east of the city centre, it is bordered by various districts and suburbs such as Allerton, Edge Hill, Fairfield, Mossley Hill, Old Swan, and Toxteth.
Bryant's woodrat
Bryant's woodrat (Neotoma bryanti) is a species of new-world rodent in the family Cricetidae native to the Southwestern United States and Mexico. It is named after Walter E. Bryant, who collected the holotype of this species in 1885.

Cricetidae
The Cricetidae are a family of rodents in the large and complex superfamily Muroidea. It includes true hamsters, voles, lemmings, muskrats, and New World rats and mice. At over 870 species, it is either the largest or second-largest family of mammals, and has members throughout the Americas, Europe and Asia.
Pyrsogianni
Pyrsogianni (Greek: Πυρσόγιαννη) is a village in the Ioannina regional unit, northern Greece. It is situated on a mountain slope on the right bank of the river Sarantaporos. It is in the municipal unit of Mastorochoria, and it was the seat of the former municipality Mastorochoria. The Greek National Road 20 (Ioannina - Konitsa - Kozani) passes east of the village. It is 4 km northwest of Kastaniani, 20 km northeast of Konitsa and 60 km north of Ioannina.

Greek National Road 20
National Road 20 (Greek: Εθνική Οδός 20, abbreviated as EO20) is a single carriageway road in northwestern Greece. It links the cities of Ioannina and Kozani via Konitsa and Siatista. It passes through the Ioannina, Kastoria and the Kozani regional units. Since the opening of the A2 motorway (Egnatia Odos), it is no longer the fastest connection between Kozani and Ioannina. The section between Ioannina and Kalpaki is part of the European route E853.
Tamarisk (horse)
Tamarisk was an Irish-bred champion Thoroughbred racehorse. After showing high class form as a two-year-old in 1997, Tamarisk was named European Champion Sprinter at the 1998 Cartier Racing Awards following a campaign which was highlighted by a win in the Group One Haydock Sprint Cup. Tamarisk was retired after an abortive attempt at the Breeders' Cup Sprint, but failed as a stallion owing to fertility problems. He returned to racing for three further seasons (2000–2002) but was unable to replicate his earlier success. From 2002 to 2006 he returned to stud with marginally better results.

Coolmore Stud
Coolmore Stud, in Fethard, County Tipperary, Ireland, is the headquarters of one of the world's largest breeding operation of thoroughbred racehorses. Through its racing arm, Ballydoyle, Coolmore also has raced many classic winners and champions. The operation, which is currently owned and run by the Magnier family, has been associated with a long sequence of top-class stallions since the 1850s, originally in County Cork, where stallions still stand as part of Coolmore today.

Coolmore was once home to champion sires Sadler's Wells, Danehill, and Galileo.
Aleksandr Budnikov
Alexandr Fyodorovich Budnikov (Russian: Александр Фёдорович Будников, born 10 May 1956) is a
Soviet sailor. He won the silver medal in Mixed Three Person Keelboat in the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow along with Boris Budnikov and Nikolay Poliakov.

Sailing at the 1980 Summer Olympics
Sailing/Yachting is an Olympic sport starting from the Games of the 1st Olympiad (1896 Olympics in Athens, Greece). With the exception of 1904 and the canceled 1916 Summer Olympics, sailing has always been included on the Olympic schedule. The Sailing program of 1980 consisted of a total of six sailing classes (disciplines). For each class seven races were scheduled from 19 to 29 July 1980 of the coast of Tallinn (district of Pirita, in present-day Estonia), in that time an illegally annexed part of the USSR at the Baltic Sea. The sailing was done on the triangular type Olympic courses.
Salbit
Salbit (Arabic: سلبيت, also spelled Selbît) was a Palestinian Arab village located 12 kilometers (7.5 mi) southeast of al-Ramla.  Salbit was depopulated during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War after a military assault by Israeli forces. The Israeli locality of Shaalvim was established on the former village's lands in 1951.

Dunam
A dunam (Ottoman Turkish, Arabic: دونم; Turkish: dönüm; Hebrew: דונם; Yiddish: דונאם), also known as a donum or dunum and as the old, Turkish, or Ottoman stremma, was the Ottoman unit of area analogous in role (but not equal) to the Greek stremma or English acre, representing the amount of land that could be ploughed by a team of oxen in a day. The legal definition was "forty standard paces in length and breadth", but its actual area varied considerably from place to place, from a little more than 900 square metres [9,690 sq ft] in Ottoman Palestine to around 2,500 square metres [26,910 square feet] in Iraq.

The unit is still in use in many areas previously ruled by the Ottomans, although the new or metric dunam has been redefined as exactly one decare (1,000 square metres [10,760 square feet]), which is 1/10 hectare (1/10 × 10,000 square metres [107,640 square feet]), like the modern Greek royal stremma.
Lokomotiv Yaroslavl (VHL)
Lokomotiv was an ice hockey team in Yaroslavl, Russia. They played in the VHL, the second level of Russian ice hockey. It was a farm club of Lokomotiv Yaroslavl of the Kontinental Hockey League. It was founded for the 2011-12 season after the entire KHL team, along with its coaching staff, died in the 2011 Lokomotiv Yaroslavl plane crash and consisted of MHL players of Loko Yaroslavl. When the franchise rejoined the KHL in its 2012–13 season, it was decided to keep a minor team in the VHL structure.

In 2013, Lokomotiv Yaroslavl decided not to allow its team to participate in the VHL for the 2013–14 season. Therefore, Lokomotiv's VHL club was disbanded.

Yaroslavl
Yaroslavl (/ˌjærəˈslævəl/; Russian: Ярославль, IPA: [jɪrɐˈsɫavlʲ]) is a city and the administrative center of Yaroslavl Oblast, Russia, located 250 kilometers (160 mi) northeast of Moscow. The historic part of the city is a World Heritage Site, and is located at the confluence of the Volga and the Kotorosl rivers. It is part of the Golden Ring, a group of historic cities northeast of Moscow that have played an important role in Russian history. The population of the city at the 2021 census was 577,279.
Paris Art Week
Paris Art Week is an umbrella term referring to a concentration of art fairs, major exhibitions and public programming that takes place during October. It has been anchored by Art Basel Paris and Paris+ par Art Basel since 2022. Prior, Paris Art Week had been anchored by Foire Internationale d’Art Contemporain (FIAC) until 2021. The anchoring events, previously FIAC and now Art Basel, tend to attract major galleries and artists, where the smaller fairs like Paris Internationale and Asia Now are able to fill the gaps with more emerging artists as well as creating more space for the multitudes of deserving artists that cannot fit in one fair.

Paris+ par Art Basel
Paris+ par Art Basel was the name of an art fair in Paris that ran in 2022 and 2023 in a temporary space at the Grand Palais Éphémère on the Champ de Mars before being rebranded Art Basel Paris in 2024 as it moved to the renovated Grand Palais exhibition hall. It features a more public section of the fair outside the walls of the Grand Palais as well, which don't require Art Basel tickets to attend. The fair partnered with Miu Miu on the public programming section in 2024.

Paris+ par Art Basel took over a calendar slot traditionally occupied by Foire Internationale d’Art Contemporain, known as FIAC, which was France’s flagship art festival that had run for almost five decades, much of it in the Grand Palais.  The change was made in a surprise announcement by the management of the Grand Palais in January 2022.
Joel Pollak
Joel Barry Pollak (born 25 April 1977) is a South African-born American conservative political commentator, writer, radio host, and attorney. He is currently the opinion editor for the California Post after serving for almost 15 years as the senior editor-at-large for Breitbart News. He attended Harvard College ('99), the University of Cape Town ('06), and Harvard Law School ('09). In 2010, he was the Republican nominee for U.S. Congress from Illinois's 9th congressional district, losing to incumbent Democrat Jan Schakowsky. From 2009 to 2010 he was a research fellow at the Hudson Institute, and since 2017 he has been a radio host at SiriusXM.

South African Americans
South African Americans are Americans who have full or partial ancestry from South Africa. In 2021, there were approximately 123,461 people born in South Africa who were living in the United States. There are large populations in Southern California, especially in Orange County and San Diego County, and the Miami, Florida area.
Heinz Rökker
Heinz Rökker (20 October 1920 – 2 August 2018) was a German night fighter pilot in the Luftwaffe during World War II. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves. The Knight's Cross (German: Ritterkreuz), and its variants were the highest awards in the military and paramilitary forces of Nazi Germany during World War II. He claimed 64 enemy aircraft (63 at night) shot down, and all were British bombers. Rökker was the eighth-most-successful night fighter pilot in the history of aerial warfare. He died in August 2018 at the age of 97.

Front Flying Clasp of the Luftwaffe
The Front Flying Clasp of the Luftwaffe (German: Frontflugspange) was a World War II German military decoration awarded to aircrew and certain other Luftwaffe personnel in recognition of the number of operational flights flown. It was instituted by Reichsmarschall Hermann Göring on 30 January 1941. It was awarded in Bronze, Silver, and Gold with an upgrade to include diamonds possible. Pennants suspended from the clasp indicated the number of missions obtained in a given type of aircraft. Front Flying Clasps were issued for missions completed in the following Luftwaffe aircraft:

Day Fighters

Night Fighters

Long Range Night Fighters

Heavy Fighters

Air to Ground Support Fighters

Bombers

Reconnaissance

Transport and Glider

The different clasps were inaugurated on:

30 January 1941 for the Front Flying Clasp

26 June 1942 for the Pennant to the Gold Front Flying Clasp

29 April 1944 for the Pennant with number of mission
Gravel Hill (Charlotte Court House, Virginia)
Gravel Hill is a historic plantation house located near Charlotte Court House, Charlotte County, Virginia.  It was built in 1847, and is a two-story, three-bay frame dwelling in the Greek Revival style. A two-story frame addition was built in 1912. It features a two-story pedimented Doric order portico.  Also on the property are a contributing 2+1⁄2-story, log guest house typical of the picturesque "rustic lodge" structures of the 1920s; large wooden barn on a stone foundation; and smokehouse.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2001.

Smokehouse
A smokehouse (North American) or smokery (British) is a building where meat or fish is cured with smoke. The finished product might be stored in the building, sometimes for a year or more. Even when smoke is not used, such a building—typically a subsidiary building—is sometimes referred to as a "smokehouse".  When smoke is not used, the term meathouse or meat house is common.
Guam Police Department
The Guam Police Department (GPD; Chamorro: Dipåttamenton Polisian Guåhan) is the law enforcement agency in the United States territory of Guam. The department has jurisdiction across the entire territory, except for areas covered by the port, airport and military bases; the Guam Police Department has authority over military dependents on base, since civilians cannot be charged under the Uniform Code of Military Justice.

The police department is headquartered in the Guam Police Department Building in the Tiyan area of Barrigada, and operates four precincts.

Uniform Code of Military Justice
The Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ) is the foundation of the system of military justice of the armed forces of the United States. The UCMJ was established by the United States Congress in accordance with their constitutional authority, per Article I Section 8 of the U.S. Constitution, which provides that "The Congress shall have Power . . . to make Rules for the Government and Regulation of the land and naval forces" of the United States.