hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fryszerka, Radomsko County
Fryszerka [frɨˈʂɛrka] is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Żytno, within Radomsko County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) east of Żytno, 24 km (15 mi) south-east of Radomsko, and 97 km (60 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.

Radomsko County
Radomsko County (Polish: powiat radomszczański) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on 1 January 1999 as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Radomsko, which lies 80 kilometres (50 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź. The county also contains the towns of Przedbórz, lying 31 km (19 mi) east of Radomsko, and Kamieńsk, 16 km (10 mi) north of Radomsko.

The county covers an area of 1,442.78 square kilometres (557.1 sq mi). As of 2006, it had a population of 118,856, out of which the population of Radomsko was 49,152, that of Przedbórz was 3,758, that of Kamieńsk was 2,858, and the rural population was 63,088.
Make Some Noise (TV series)
Make Some Noise is an American improvisational comedy television show hosted by Sam Reich and released fortnightly on SVOD service Dropout.

The show is a spin-off of the Dropout game show Game Changer, which featured four episodes with the "Noise Boys" format from 2019 to 2021, with the first titled "Make Some Noise". As a separate show, Make Some Noise premiered on June 13, 2022, and is currently in its fourth season.

Brennan Lee Mulligan, Zac Oyama, and Josh Ruben — the original participants on the Game Changer prequels, collectively nicknamed the "Noise Boys" — are executive producers, and also appear in the first and last episode of every season; other episodes feature them alongside a rotation of Dropout regulars and special guests, such as Wayne Brady, Pete Holmes, and Ben Schwartz.

Pete Holmes
Peter Benedict Holmes (born March 30, 1979) is an American comedian, actor, writer, producer, and podcaster.

Holmes gained recognition in the early 2010s as a stand-up comic, during which he launched his podcast You Made It Weird (2011–present), released his first comedy special, and worked as an actor and television writer. Subsequently, he began his own late-night talk show The Pete Holmes Show (2013–2014), which ran on TBS for two seasons in the time-slot after Conan, a frequent champion of his work. During the decade, he released five comedy specials: Impregnated with Wonder (2011), Nice Try, The Devil (2013), Faces and Sounds (2016), Dirty Clean (2018), and I Am Not For Everyone (2023).

Holmes created and starred in the semi-autobiographical scripted comedy series Crashing, which aired on HBO for three seasons (2017–2019). He has worked as a voice actor and starred in the 2022 CBS sitcom How We Roll.
Mannosylglycerate synthase
Mannosylglycerate synthase (EC 2.4.1.269) is an enzyme with systematic name GDP-mannose:D-glycerate 2-alpha-D-mannosyltransferase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

GDP-mannose + D-glycerate  GDP + 2-O-(alpha-D-mannopyranosyl)-D-glycerate

Depending on conditions mannosylglycerate synthase is more or less specific for the GDP-mannose and D-glycerate.

Glyceric acid
Glyceric acid refers to organic compounds with the formula HOCH2CH(OH)CO2H.  It occurs naturally and is classified as three-carbon sugar acid.  It is chiral. Salts and esters of glyceric acid are known as glycerates.
Kacwin
Kacwin [ˈkat͡sfin] (Slovak: Kacvín) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Łapsze Niżne, within Nowy Targ County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland, close to the border with Slovakia.

It is one of the 14 villages in the Polish part of the historical region of Spiš (Polish: Spisz).

Nowy Targ County
Nowy Targ County (Polish: powiat nowotarski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, southern Poland, on the Slovak border. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Nowy Targ, which lies 67 kilometres (42 mi) south of the regional capital Kraków. The county also contains the towns of Rabka-Zdrój, lying 18 km (11 mi) north of Nowy Targ, and Szczawnica, 35 km (22 mi) east of Nowy Targ.

The county covers an area of 1,474.66 square kilometres (569.4 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 181,878, out of which the population of Nowy Targ is 33,493, that of Rabka-Zdrój is 13,031, that of Szczawnica is 7,334, and the rural population is 128,020.
The Secret Sisters (album)
The Secret Sisters is a 2010 album by American country music duo the Secret Sisters. Produced by Dave Cobb and T Bone Burnett, the album consists of ballads, originals, and cover songs such as "Why Don't You Love Me", "Why Baby Why", and the Frank Sinatra song "Somethin' Stupid". The album also includes two originals written by Laura Rogers: "Tennessee Me" and "Waste the Day".  Also included is a cover of the 1960s rock song by then-teenage singer Nancy Baron, "I've Got a Feeling", written by Wally Zober and C. Laverne.

Why Don't You Love Me (Hank Williams song)
"Why Don't You Love Me" is a song by American singer and guitarist Hank Williams. The song reached number one on the U.S. Country & Western chart. It was released as a single in 1950 with the B-side, "A House Without Love".
Hapuakohe Range
Hapuakohe Range of hills is aligned north–south, between the Waikato River and the Hauraki Plains in the Waikato region of New Zealand. It is separated from the Taupiri Range by an air-gap at Mangawara, where the Waikato flowed about 20,000 years ago.

The range is drained by the Waitakaruru and Whangamarino Rivers and their tributaries at the north end. Further south, tributaries of the Piako River drain the east side of the range and streams flow to the Waikato on the west.

The 1865 confiscation boundary ran along the range. The boundary between Waikato and Ohinemuri (from 1920 Hauraki Plains) counties followed a similar line, as does the current boundary between Waikato, Hauraki and Matamata Piako Districts.

Waitakaruru River
The Waitakaruru River is a river of the Waikato Region of New Zealand's North Island. It flows initially north before turning northwest across the northwestern corner of the Hauraki Plains, reaching the southwestern corner of the Firth of Thames close to the settlement of Waitakaruru.

Grey mangrove, or  mānawa, has rapidly colonised the estuary since 1940, due to sediment deposited by the rivers and climate change.

The river should not be confused with the similarly named Waitakaruru Stream, which is also in the Waikato Region, near Morrinsville.
Praia Grande
Praia Grande is a municipality in the Baixada Santista Metropolitan Region, on the southern coast of the Brazilian state of São Paulo. It is part of the Immediate Region of Santos and its population measured in the IBGE census review in 2010 was 262,051 inhabitants. In the 2022 IBGE census, the population of Praia Grande was 349,935 inhabitants, being the city in Baixada Santista that grew the most in the period 2010–2022. It is the second most populous city on the coast of São Paulo, after only Santos. With an area of 149.652 km², the population density in 2022 was 2,338.32 inhabitants/km². The municipality is formed by the headquarters and the district of Solemar.

Santos, São Paulo
Santos (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈsɐ̃tus] ⓘ, Saints), officially Municipality of Estância Balneária de Santos, is a city and municipality in the Brazilian state of São Paulo, founded in 1546 by the Portuguese nobleman Brás Cubas. It is located mostly on the island of São Vicente, which harbors both the city of Santos and the city of São Vicente, and partially on the mainland. It is the main city in the metropolitan region of Baixada Santista. The population is 440,965 (2025 est.) in an area of 280.67 km2 (108.37 sq mi). The city is home to the Coffee Museum, where world coffee prices were once negotiated. There is also a football memorial, dedicated to the city's greatest players, which includes Pelé, who spent the majority of his career with Santos Futebol Clube. Its beachfront garden, 5,335 m (5,834 yd) in length, figures in Guinness World Records as the largest beachfront garden in the world.
Russell Huntley
Russell Huntley (born 1807), along with his younger brother Lewis Huntley (1816-1862), founded the Illinois city of DeKalb. The pair owned most of the land that would become DeKalb. County surveyor Daniel W. Lamb platted two sections of DeKalb township as a new village in November 1853, a village originally known as Huntley's Grove. Huntley gave the Galena and Chicago Union Railroad (later the Chicago and North Western Railway) right-of-way across his land and a site for a depot. Other railroad investors also received land for speculative purposes.

DeKalb, Illinois
DeKalb (/dɪˈkælb/ dih-KALB) is a city in DeKalb County, Illinois, United States. The population was 40,290 at the 2020 census. The city is named after decorated Franconian-French war hero Johann de Kalb, who died during the American Revolutionary War.

Founded in 1856, DeKalb became important in the development and manufacture of barbed wire, especially for agriculture and raising livestock. While agricultural-related industries remain a facet of the city, along with health and services, the city's largest employer in the 21st century is Northern Illinois University, founded in 1895. DeKalb is about 65 miles (105 km) from downtown Chicago.
Reclaiming Futures
Reclaiming Futures is a non-profit organization aimed at assisting teenagers out of trouble with drugs, alcohol and crime. It began in 2001 with $21 million from The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. As of 2010 it operates with funding from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, the U.S. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP), the Center for Substance Abuse Treatment and the Kate B. Reynolds Charitable Trust.

Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA; pronounced  /ˈsæmsə/) is a branch of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). SAMHSA is charged with improving the quality and availability of treatment and rehabilitative services in order to reduce illness, death, disability, and the cost to society resulting from substance abuse and mental illnesses.  The Administrator of SAMHSA reports directly to the secretary of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. SAMHSA's headquarters building is located outside of Rockville, Maryland.

As part of the announced 2025 HHS reorganization, SAMHSA is planned to be integrated into the new Administration for a Healthy America.
Lusk Creek Canyon
Lusk Creek Canyon is the name of a 906 acres (367 ha) canyon located within the Lusk Creek Wilderness Area of the Shawnee National Forest in Pope County, Illinois.  The area is a large gorge formed by the erosion of Pennsylvanian sandstone around a large horseshoe bend in the creek.  It contains plants such as fan leafed clubmoss, cinnamon fern, royal fern as well as ten endangered or threatened plant species.  It was designated a National Natural Landmark in 1980.

Pope County, Illinois
Pope County is the southeasternmost county in the U.S. state of Illinois. According to the 2020 census, it had a population of 3,763, making it the second-least populous county in Illinois. Its county seat is Golconda. The county was organized in 1816 from portions of Gallatin and Johnson counties and named after Nathaniel Pope, a politician and jurist from the Illinois Territory and State of Illinois.
Psophometer
In telecommunications, a psophometer is an instrument that measures the perceptible noise of a telephone circuit.

The core of the meter is based on a true RMS voltmeter, which measures the level of the noise signal. This was used for the first psophometers, in the 1930s. As the human-perceived level of noise is more important for telephony than their raw voltage, a modern psophometer incorporates a weighting network to represent this perception. The characteristics of the weighting network depend on the type of circuit under investigation, such as whether the circuit is used to normal speech standards (300 Hz – 3.3 kHz), or for high-fidelity broadcast-quality sound (50 Hz – 15 kHz).

Broadcast quality
Broadcast quality is a term to denote the quality achieved by professional video cameras and time base correctors (TBC) used for broadcast television, usually in standard definition. As the standards for commercial television broadcasts have changed from analog television using analog video to digital television using digital video, the term has generally fallen out of use. Manufacturers have used it to describe both professional and "prosumer" or "semi-professional" devices.

The term is also used in its literal sense in broadcasting jargon in judging the fitness of audio or video for broadcast.
T. Y. Lin International
TYLin is a global, multi-disciplinary engineering firm. Headquartered in San Francisco, California, TYLin established its business in the design of long-span bridges and specialty structures.

The firm provides a range of planning, design, construction and project management services to the aviation; bridge; facilities; mobility, planning, and management; ports and marine; rail and transit; and surface transportation industries. TYLin operates from more than 50 regional centers across four continents, and employs a professional staff of more than 3,000 engineers, planners, architects and scientists.

Port Mann Bridge
The Port Mann Bridge is a cable-stayed bridge that crosses the Fraser River in the Greater Vancouver region of British Columbia, Canada. It carries 10 lanes of Highway 1 (itself part of the Trans-Canada Highway) and connects  Coquitlam to Surrey. The bridge opened to traffic in 2012 and includes space reserved for a potential light rail line.

The cable-stayed bridge replaced a steel arch bridge that spanned the Fraser River from 1963 to 2012. After its successor was opened to traffic, the old bridge was demolished by reverse construction, a process which took three years to complete.
Simon Cron
Simon Cron is a New Zealand born professional rugby union football coach. He is currently head coach of the Western Force rugby team that plays in the Super Rugby Pacific competition. He was appointed Western Force head coach ahead of the 2023 Super Rugby Pacific season in March 2022. Cron's rugby coaching journey included being head coach at Northern Suburbs Rugby Football Club in the Shute Shield competition. In 2016 he led them to the Shute Shield premiership, breaking a 41 year drought. In 2016 Cron was appointed head coach of the Sydney Rays in the National Rugby Championship (NRC). In 2017 he also became the head coach of the Australia U20s. This was followed by two year spell as Waratahs assistant coach, which included a Semi-final appearance against the Lions in Johannesburg  in 2018. At the end of 2019 Cron moved to Japan as head coach of Toyota Verblitz, before returning to Australia to coach the Force. In 2025 Cron was appointed the Head Coach of the Australia A Rugby team.

Western Force
The Western Force is an Australian professional rugby union team based in Perth, Western Australia, currently competing in Super Rugby Pacific. They previously played in Super Rugby from 2006 until they were axed from the competition in 2017. Following their axing they played in the National Rugby Championship in 2018 and 2019, replacing the Perth Spirit, and Global Rapid Rugby from 2018 to 2020, an Indo-Pacific competition organised by Andrew Forrest.

Following the cancellation of both the 2020 Super Rugby season and 2020 Global Rapid Rugby season due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Western Force were invited to compete in the 2020 Super Rugby AU season, a domestic competition organised by Rugby Australia to replace the cancelled Super Rugby season. The Force competed in the 2021 Super Rugby AU season and Super Rugby Trans-Tasman, before being confirmed that their return to Super Rugby will be permanent in the revamped 2022 Super Rugby Pacific season.
Mount Sajikigatake
Mount Sajikigatake (桟敷ヶ岳) is a mountain located in Kita-ku, part of Kyoto city, Kyoto Prefecture, Japan.

The Kamo River has its source in the area of the mountain.

For experienced hikers it is a popular trip; they can start in Kumogahata-cho (Kumogahata Town) and after the peak, they can continue to Onogo-cho (Onogo Town).

Kita-ku, Kyoto
Kita (北区, Kita-ku) is one of the eleven wards in the city of Kyoto, in Kyoto Prefecture, Japan.  Its name means "North Ward." As of 2020, the ward has an estimated population of 117,165 people.

Hiragino typeface is named after an area in the ward.
Oxted Hockey Club
Oxted Hockey Club is a field hockey club that is based at Oxted School, in Oxted and Caterham School in Caterham, Surrey, England. The club was founded in 1936, originally as the Oxted Women’s Hockey Club.

England Hockey Men's Championship Cup
The England Hockey Men's Championship Cup is a field hockey cup competition organised by England Hockey that features men's teams from England. The competition was originally known as the National Clubs Championship. The inaugural competition was won by Hounslow in 1971–72. It has also been known as the Hockey Association Cup and the EHA Cup.
Ambatoharanana, Mananara Nord
For other places called Ambatoharanana, please see: Ambatoharanana (disambiguation)

Ambatoharanana is a town and commune (Malagasy: kaominina) in Ambatosoa, Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Mananara Nord. The population of the commune was estimated to be approximately 9,000 in 2001 commune census.

Only primary schooling is available. The majority 95% of the population of the commune are farmers.  The most important crop is cloves, while other important products are coffee, rice and vanilla.  Services provide employment for 5% of the population.

Ambatosoa
Ambatosoa is a region in northeastern Madagascar. It was created in 2023 from the northern part of Analanjirofo, and the region was inaugurated on 26 July 2025. Its capital is Maroantsetra. Its name means "pleasant rock" in Malagasy, a reference to the region's rich mineral resources.
Telecity (Italian TV channel)
Telecity is a historic private television broadcaster in Piedmont. It broadcast from Castelletto d'Orba, from the "Lavagello" dance hall, on the frequencies of UHF channel 65. It subsequently spread to Lombardy, Liguria and Aosta Valley. Since 1987 it has alternated regional programs with programs of national interest, first broadcasting with the Italia 7 logo and schedule, subsequently from 1999 broadcasting 7 Gold, and from 2024 becoming part of the new Netweek television circuit.

Alessandria
Alessandria (Italian: [alesˈsandrja] ⓘ; Piedmontese: Lissandria [liˈsɑŋdrja]) is a city and commune in Piedmont, Italy, and the capital of the Province of Alessandria. With a population of 92,518, it is the 3rd-largest city in Piedmont and the 53rd-largest in Italy.

Known for the famous hat manufacturing company Borsalino and for its proximity to the historical site of the battle of Marengo, led by Napoleon, the town is an important agricultural, industrial and logistic hub within its region and Italy's North-West. With a surface extension that makes it Piedmont's largest municipality and a population of 92 839 inhabitants  (the third most popolous city in the region), Alessandria is located in the centre of the so-called "industrial triangle", whose vertices are Turin, Milan and Genoa. Alessandria is also home to one of the headquarters of the University of Eastern Piedmont, which is an academic institution that has a tripolar structure shared with Vercelli and Novara.
Mamoru Harada
Mamoru Harada (原田 衛, Mamoru Harada; born 15 April 1999) is a Japanese rugby union player who plays as a hooker. He currently plays for Toshiba Brave Lupus Tokyo in Japan's domestic Japan Rugby League One. He was signed to the Sunwolves squad for the 2020 Super Rugby season, but did not make an appearance for the side.

Sunwolves
The Sunwolves (Japanese: サンウルブズ) – previously known as the HITO-Communications Sunwolves for sponsorship reasons – were a professional rugby union team and Japan's representative team in SANZAAR's international Super Rugby competition. The team was based in Tokyo, Japan, but also played some home matches in Singapore. They made their debut in Super Rugby in 2016. In March 2019, it was announced that 2020 would be the final season for the Sunwolves, after failing to negotiate a contract due to financial considerations.

With the suspension of the 2020 season due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and the Sunwolves being declined entry into the replacement Super Rugby AU competition in Australia due to various factors, the team officially dissolved on 1 June 2020.
Aviaco Flight 111
Aviaco Flight 111 (AO111) was a domestic scheduled flight by Aviaco from Santiago de Compostela to Madrid. On 9 May 1957 the Bristol 170 crashed shortly before landing at Madrid–Barajas Airport, killing all 37 passengers due to a loss of control.

Loss of control (aeronautics)
In aeronautics, loss of control (LOC) is the unintended departure of an aircraft from controlled flight and is a significant factor in several aviation accidents worldwide. In 2015 it was the leading cause of general aviation accidents. Loss of control may be the result of mechanical failure, external disturbances, aircraft upset conditions, or inappropriate crew actions or responses.
Characteristic admittance
Characteristic admittance is the mathematical inverse of the characteristic impedance.
The general expression for the characteristic admittance of a transmission line is as follows:

where

is the resistance per unit length,

is the inductance per unit length,

is the conductance of the dielectric per unit length,

is the capacitance per unit length,

is the imaginary unit, and

is the angular frequency.

The current and voltage phasors on the line are related by the characteristic admittance as:

where the superscripts  and  represent forward- and backward-traveling waves, respectively.

Angular frequency
In physics, angular frequency (symbol ω), also called angular speed and angular rate, is a scalar measure of the angle rate (the angle per unit time) or the temporal rate of change of the phase argument of a sinusoidal waveform or sine function (for example, in oscillations and waves).
Angular frequency (or angular speed) is the magnitude of the pseudovector quantity angular velocity.

Angular frequency can be obtained by multiplying rotational frequency, ν (or ordinary frequency, f) by a full turn (2π radians): ω = 2π rad⋅ν.
It can also be formulated as ω = dθ/dt, the instantaneous rate of change of the angular displacement, θ, with respect to time, t.
Taurus Nunataks
Taurus Nunataks (70°52′S 66°23′W﻿ / ﻿70.867°S 66.383°W﻿ / -70.867; -66.383) is a line of three nunataks running east–west, with only the outer two of any prominence, located 23 nautical miles (43 km) east-northeast of Gurney Point in Palmer Land. Named by United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) after the constellation of Taurus.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Taurus Nunataks". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

Nunatak
A nunatak (from Inuit nunataq) is the summit or ridge of a mountain that protrudes from an ice field or glacier that otherwise covers most of the mountain or ridge. They often form natural pyramidal peaks. Isolated nunataks are also called glacial islands, and smaller nunataks rounded by glacial action may be referred to as rognons.

The word is of Greenlandic origin and has been used in English since the 1870s.