hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Omed Khoshnaw
Omed Abdulrahman Hassan known as Omed Khoshnaw (Kurdish: ئومێد خۆشناو, romanized: Umêd Xoshnaw, born 1 June 1977) is an Iraqi Kurdish politician of the Kurdistan Democratic Party (KDP). Khoshnaw is the current Erbil governor. He succeeded former governor Firsat Sofi, who died on 18 November 2020 due to COVID-19. From 2013 to 2021, Omed was a member of parliament and head of the KDP block in the Kurdistan Region Parliament.

Omed Khoshnaw is the mayor of Erbil city. Omed has a bachelor's degree in Media and Communications, he also finished a master's degree in Public Law.

Romanization of Kurdish
The romanization of Kurdish language is the practice of transcribing the Kurdish, traditionally written in both Arabic and Latin scripts, into a standardized Latin alphabet. The development of Kurdish romanization systems supports the need for digital communication, linguistic research, and accessibility for Kurdish speakers and Kurdish speakers in diaspora communities. These systems strive to maintain phonetic precision and consistency across the diverse Kurdish dialects.
Byron McGuigan
Byron McGuigan (born 20 August 1989) is a rugby union outside centre or wing for Scotland in international rugby and for Sale Sharks in the English Premiership. He was born in Walvis Bay – then a South African exclave, but part of modern-day Namibia – and grew up in Cape Town, where he came through the Western Province academy before his first taste of first class rugby with the Border Bulldogs in 2010 and 2011. After a short spell with the Scotland Sevens team, he returned to fifteens rugby, playing for Glasgow Warriors, Bay of Plenty, Exeter Chiefs and Sale Sharks, culminating in a call-up to Scotland in 2017.

Bay of Plenty (National Provincial Championship)
Bay of Plenty (often known as the Bay of Plenty Steamers) are a New Zealand professional rugby union team based in Mount Maunganui, New Zealand.  The union was originally established in 1911, with the National Provincial Championship established in 1976. They now play in the reformed National Provincial Championship competition. They play their home games at Rotorua International Stadium in Rotorua or Tauranga Domain, Tauranga, both in the Bay of Plenty Region. The team is affiliated with the Chiefs Super Rugby franchise. Their home playing colours are blue and yellow.
Le Locheur
Le Locheur (French pronunciation: [lə lɔʃœʁ] ⓘ) is a former commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region in northwestern France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the new commune Val d'Arry.

Calvados (department)
Calvados (UK: /ˈkælvədɒs/, US: /-doʊs, ˌkælvəˈdoʊs, ˌkɑːlvəˈ-/; French: [kalvados] ⓘ) is a department in the Normandy region in northwestern France. It takes its name from a cluster of rocks off the Normandy coast. In 2019, it had a population of 694,905.
Eileen Quinlan
Eileen Quinlan (born 1972 in Boston, Massachusetts) is a self-described still-life photographer who shoots with medium format and large format cameras.  An art critic for Art in America likened her style to that of Moholy-Nagy and James Welling.

James Welling
James Welling (born 1951 in Hartford, Connecticut) is an American artist, photographer and educator living in New York City. He attended Carnegie-Mellon University where he studied drawing with Gandy Brodie and at the University of Pittsburgh where he took modern dance classes. Welling transferred to the California Institute of the Arts in Valencia, California in 1971 and received a B.F.A. and an M.F.A.  in the School of Art. At Cal Arts, he studied with John Baldessari, Wolfgang Stoerchle and Jack Goldstein.
Ville Järvinen
Ville Järvinen (born January 1, 1997) is a Finnish professional ice hockey defenceman. He is currently playing for IPK of the Finnish Mestis.

Järvinen made his Liiga debut playing with Ilves during the 2015–16 Liiga season. In 2017 he signed for fellow Liiga side KooKoo.

Iisalmen Peli-Karhut
Iisalmen Peli-Karhut, or IPK for short, is a Finnish ice hockey team based in Iisalmi, Finland, playing in the second-tier league Mestis. The club was founded in 1966. They play their home games in the Kankaan jäähalli.
Ed Jerse
Edward S. Jerse (born 1959) is an American politician who served as a member of the Ohio House of Representatives. In 2004, he ran for the Democratic nomination for Ohio's 14th congressional district, but lost to political novice Capri S. Cafaro.

Ohio's 14th congressional district
The 14th congressional district of Ohio is in the far northeast corner of the state, bordering Lake Erie and Pennsylvania. It is currently represented in the United States House of Representatives by Republican Dave Joyce.

As defined in January 2023, it contains all of Ashtabula, Lake, Trumbull and Geauga counties, and nearly all of Portage county.
History of the Catholic Church in Cuba
Christopher Columbus, on his first Spanish-sponsored voyage to the Americas in 1492, sailed south from what is now the Bahamas to explore the northeast coast of Cuba and the northern coast of Hispaniola. Columbus, who was searching for a route to India, believed Cuba to be a peninsula of the Asian mainland. The first sighting of a Spanish ship approaching Cuba was on 28 October 1492, probably at Bariay, Holguín Province, on the eastern point of Cuba.

During a second voyage in 1494, Columbus passed along the south coast of the island, landing at various inlets including what was to become Guantánamo Bay. With the Papal Bull of 1493, Pope Alexander VI commanded Spain to conquer, colonize and convert the pagans of the New World to Catholicism.

In 1992, Cuba declared itself a secular state and permitted Catholics and others to join the Communist Party. However, religious schools have remained closed since the early 1960s.

Holguín Province
Holguín (Spanish pronunciation: [olˈɣin]) is one of the provinces of Cuba, the third most populous after Havana and Santiago de Cuba.  It lies in the southeast of the country. Its major cities include Holguín (the capital), Banes, Antilla, Mayarí, and Moa.

The province has a population of slightly over one million people. Its territory exceeds 9,300 km2 (3,600 sq mi), 25 percent of which is covered by forest.
Carnival Diablo
Carnival Diablo the Ultimate Sideshow is a travelling sideshow operating primarily in Spencerville, Ontario, Canada. Performances by the troupe follow a traditional Ten-in-One format featuring such acts as fire-eating, sword swallowing and a human blockhead, with show times lasting two and a half hours. Carnival Diablo opened on April Fools' Day 1992 by Scott McClelland, whose family goes back three generations in the carnival and side show business. Shows have been performed across Canada, including shows at The Calgary Stampede, Edmonton's Klondike Days (now K-Days,) Regina's Buffalo Days, and the Canadian Tulip Festival. In 2008 and 2009, Carnival Diablo was a featured act at Carnivàle Lune Bleue, a dedicated revival of a 1930s old-time carnival located in Ottawa, Ontario.

K-Days
K-Days, formerly known as the Edmonton Exhibition, Klondike Days, and Capital Ex, is an annual 10-day exhibition held in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada mostly in late July. It runs in conjunction with the Taste of Edmonton, the Great Outdoors Comedy Festival, and – from 2006 through 2012 – the Edmonton Indy.

The exhibition, hosted by Explore Edmonton beginning 2022, and hosted until 2019 by Northlands, is held at the Exhibition Lands also known as the Edmonton Northlands Grounds adjoining Edmonton Expo Centre. K-Days begins on the third Friday of July and five days after the Calgary Stampede (until 2009, it began four days after), making it end on the Sunday of July's last weekend.
Festuca caprina
Festuca caprina is a species of grass in the family Poaceae. This species is native to Cape Provinces, Eswatini, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, Lesotho, Malawi, Northern Provinces, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. It was first described in 1841.

Cape Provinces
The Cape Provinces of South Africa is a biogeographical area used in the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD). It is part of the WGSRPD region 27 Southern Africa. The area has the code "CPP". It includes the South African provinces of the Eastern Cape, the Northern Cape and the Western Cape, together making up most of the former Cape Province.

The area includes the Cape Floristic Region, the smallest of the six recognised floral kingdoms of the world, an area of extraordinarily high diversity and endemism, home to more than 9,000 vascular plant species, of which 69 percent are endemic.
Acrobasis coryliella
Acrobasis coryliella is a species of snout moth in the genus Acrobasis. It was described by Harrison Gray Dyar Jr. in 1908, and is known from the eastern United States.

There is one generation per year.

The larvae feed on Corylus species.

Harrison Gray Dyar Jr.
Harrison Gray Dyar Jr. (February 14, 1866 – January 21, 1929) was an American entomologist. Dyar's Law, a pattern of geometric progression in the growth of insect parts, is named after him. He was also noted for eccentric pursuits which included digging tunnels under his home. He had a complicated personal life and along with his second wife he adopted the Baháʼí Faith.
Untitled (Wintersleep album)
The second album by Canadian indie rock band Wintersleep is untitled.  It was released February 15, 2005 on Dependent Music.

The CD contains a hidden track called "Spring".  The song can be heard by 'rewinding' the first track of the CD, as it is found in the pregap of the first track.

In 2006, Jud Haynes and James Mejia, who did the artwork for the album, were nominated for a Juno in the category of "CD/DVD Artwork Design of the Year".

Pregap
The pregap on a Red Book audio CD is the portion of the audio track that precedes "index 01" for a given track in the table of contents (TOC). The pregap ("index 00") is typically two seconds long and usually, but not always, contains silence. Popular uses for having the pregap contain audio are live CDs, track interludes, and hidden songs in the pregap of the first track (detailed below).
Shishpal Singh
Shishpal Singh (born 1979) is an Indian politician from Haryana. He is an MLA from Kalanwali Assembly constituency which is reserved for Scheduled Castes in Sirsa district. He won the 2019 Haryana Legislative Assembly election and 2024 Haryana Legislative Assembly election representing the Indian National Congress.

2024 Haryana Legislative Assembly election
Legislative Assembly elections were held in the Indian state of Haryana on 5 October 2024 to elect all 90 members of the Haryana Legislative Assembly.

The schedule of the election was announced by the Election Commission of India on 16 August 2024. The ballots were counted and the results were declared on 8 October 2024. The Bharatiya Janata Party won a majority with 48 seats and secured victory for the third consecutive time, becoming the first party in the state's history to achieve this feat. Although the popular vote total differed by less than one percentage point, the Congress managed to win only 37 seats.

The tenure of the 14th Haryana Assembly was slated to end on 3 November 2024. In the previous Assembly elections held in October 2019, BJP the emerged as the single largest party and formed a coalition government with Jannayak Janta Party. Before the elections, Nayab Singh Saini of the BJP was the incumbent Chief Minister.
Dany Saadia
Dany Saadia is a Mexican filmmaker, screenwriter, podcaster and entrepreneur who won the 2008 Best Director Malaga Festival award as well as the Best Feature Film award at the Mostra de València (Spain). As of 2026 he is the CEO of Dixo, the first podcasting production company in Mexico.

Málaga Film Festival
The Málaga Festival, formerly Málaga Spanish Film Festival (FMCE), is an annual film festival held in Málaga, Andalusia, Spain. The festival was established to promote Spanish cinema and help disseminate information about Spanish films. Since 2017, it features an additional focus on Ibero-American films.

In 2024, it became a FIAPF-accredited film festival, as a competitive film festival specialized in Spanish-language cinema.
Australian Financial Centre Forum
The Australian Financial Centre Forum is an Australian government advisory board that works with ASIC and the Treasury to promote the Australian financial sector, which directly employs more than 400,000 people in banking, insurance, foreign exchange, equities, commodities and funds management. The Forum was created in September 2008 by the Rudd Government. It is currently presided over by Mark Johnston, a former deputy chairman of Macquarie Bank.

Macquarie Group
Macquarie Group Limited (/məˈkwɔːri/), more commonly known as Macquarie Bank, is an Australian multinational investment banking and financial services group headquartered in Sydney and listed on the ASX (ASX: MQG).
The company employs more than 20,000 staff across four operating groups in 34 markets.

Macquarie's investment banking division is Australia's top-ranked mergers and acquisitions adviser with more than 871 billion Australian dollars in assets under management and is one of the world's largest infrastructure asset managers. Macquarie Bank's customers have an overall net wealth per capita of A$943,000 (as of March 2024) making them amongst the wealthiest in Australia.
Bramdean and Hinton Ampner
Bramdean and Hinton Ampner is a civil parish in the English county of Hampshire, forming part of the area administered as the City of Winchester. Its main settlements are the villages of Bramdean and Hinton Ampner. In 2011 it had a population of 629.

City of Winchester
Winchester (/ˈwɪntʃɪstər/), or the City of Winchester, is a local government district with city status in Hampshire, England.

The district is named after its main settlement of Winchester, which is where the council is based and is also the county town of Hampshire. The city boundaries also encompass a large surrounding rural area, including the towns of New Alresford and Whiteley and numerous villages.

Parts of the district lie within the South Downs National Park. The neighbouring districts are Basingstoke and Deane, East Hampshire, Havant, Portsmouth, Fareham, Eastleigh and Test Valley.
150th anniversary of Canada
The 150th anniversary of Canada, also known as the 150th anniversary of Confederation and promoted by the Canadian government as Canada 150, occurred in 2017 as Canada marked the sesquicentennial of Canadian Confederation.

Bank of Canada
The Bank of Canada (BoC; French: Banque du Canada) is a Crown corporation and Canada's central bank. Chartered in 1934 under the Bank of Canada Act, it is responsible for formulating Canada's monetary policy, and for the promotion of a safe and sound financial system within Canada. The Bank of Canada is the sole issuing authority of Canadian banknotes, provides banking services and money management for the government, and loans money to Canadian financial institutions. The contract to produce the banknotes has been held by the Canadian Bank Note Company since 1935.

The Bank of Canada headquarters are located at the Bank of Canada Building, 234 Wellington Street in Ottawa, Ontario. The building also used to house the Bank of Canada Museum, which opened in December 1980 and temporarily closed in 2013. As of July 2017, the museum is now located at 30 Bank Street, Ottawa, Ontario, but is connected to the main buildings through the Bank of Canada's underground meeting rooms.
Stony Brook–Factory Village Historic District
The Stony Brook–Factory Village Historic District is a historic district encompassing one of largest and best-preserved industrial villages in Barnstable County, Massachusetts.  It is centered on Stony Brook, a stream that flows north into Cape Cod Bay in western Brewster.  The industrial power of the stream was recognized in the 17th century, and was actively used into the late 19th century.  The 85-acre (34 ha) district is centered on the junction of Satucket Road and Stony Brook Road, radiating away along those roads and for a short distance along Run Hill Road.  The architecture of the district is predominantly Greek Revival, although later 19th century styles and 18th century Georgian styles are also represented.  It also includes the sites of three mills, including dams, raceways, and a mill pond.

The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.

Barnstable County, Massachusetts
Barnstable County is a county in the U.S. state of Massachusetts. At the 2020 census, the population was 228,996. The county seat is Barnstable. The county consists of Cape Cod and associated islands (some adjacent islands are in Dukes County and Nantucket County). Barnstable County was formed within the Plymouth Colony on June 2, 1685, including the towns of Falmouth, Sandwich, and others to the east and north on Cape Cod. Plymouth Colony was merged into the Province of Massachusetts Bay in 1691.
Jade Nangula
Jade Nangula (born 26 November 1997 in Otavi) is a Namibian sprinter. She participated in South African Grand Prix Competition on the 19 March 2025 with a record time of 11.81 seconds in 100m  women heat. She is coached  by Erwin Naimhwaka. She has also participated in other international competitions such as All African Games in Ghana, the African Championships in Cameroon, the Botswana Grand Prix, the Mozambique Nationals, the Botswana Nationals  among others.

South African Grand Prix
The South African Grand Prix was first run as a Grand Prix motor racing handicap race in 1934 at the Prince George Circuit at East London, Cape Province. It drew top drivers from Europe including Bernd Rosemeyer, Richard "Dick" Seaman, Richard Ormonde Shuttleworth and the 1939 winner Luigi Villoresi.

World War II brought an end to the race, but it was revived in 1960 as part of the Formula One circuit, entering the World Championship calendar two years later. It was a popular F1 event, but the Grand Prix was suspended right after the controversial 1985 race, due to the nation's policy of apartheid. Following the end of apartheid in 1991, the race returned to the Formula One schedule in 1992 and 1993. The 1993 race was the last South African Grand Prix, as of 2025. Plans to revive the race in 2024 were abandoned.
Leigh Burgoyne
Leigh Alexander Burgoyne AM (born 1939) is an Australian molecular biologist. He is emeritus professor at Flinders University.

The 1973 paper Burgoyne co-authored with Dean Hewish was important in developing chromatin theory.

Burgoyne became a Member of the Order of Australia in the 2024 Australia Day Honours for "significant service to science, particularly through the development of DNA technologies."

Flinders University
Flinders University, established as The Flinders University of South Australia, is an Australian public research university based in Adelaide, South Australia, with a footprint extending across a number of locations in South Australia and the Northern Territory. The main campus is in Bedford Park, about 12 km (7.5 mi) south of the Adelaide city centre. Other campuses include Tonsley, Adelaide central business district, Renmark, Alice Springs and Darwin.

Founded in 1966, it was named in honour of the British navigator Matthew Flinders who had explored and surveyed the Australian coastline in the early 19th century. In 2022, there were 25,247 students enrolled at the university.
Burford
Burford (/ˈbɜːrfərd/) is a town on the River Windrush, in the Cotswold hills, in the West Oxfordshire district of Oxfordshire, England. It is often referred to as the 'gateway' to the Cotswolds. Burford is located 18 miles (29 km) west of Oxford and 22 miles (35 km) southeast of Cheltenham, about 2 miles (3 km) from the Gloucestershire boundary. The toponym derives from the Old English words burh meaning fortified town or hilltown and ford, the crossing of a river. The 2011 Census recorded the population of Burford parish as 1,422.

Burh
A burh (Old English pronunciation: [burˠx]) or burg was an Anglo-Saxon fortification or fortified settlement. In the 9th  century, raids and invasions by Vikings prompted Alfred the Great to develop a network of burhs and roads to use against such attackers. Some were new constructions; others were situated at the site of Iron Age hillforts or Roman forts and employed materials from the original fortifications. As at Lundenburh (medieval London), many were also situated on rivers: this facilitated internal lines of supply while aiming to restrict access to the interior of the kingdom for attackers in shallow-draught vessels such as longships.

Burhs also had a secondary role as commercial and sometimes administrative centres. Their fortifications were used to protect England's various royal mints.
Libbiano, Peccioli
Libbiano is a village in Tuscany, central Italy,  administratively a frazione of the comune of Peccioli, province of Pisa. At the time of the 2001 census its population was 23.

Libbiano is about 45 km from Pisa and 7 km from Peccioli.

Peccioli
Peccioli (Italian pronunciation: [ˈpɛttʃoli]) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Pisa in the Italian region Tuscany, located about 50 kilometres (31 miles) southwest of Florence and about 30 km (19 miles) southeast of Pisa.
1993 Kremlin Cup
The 1993 Kremlin Cup was a tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts. It was the 4th edition of the Kremlin Cup, and was part of the World Series of the 1993 ATP Tour. It took place at the Olympic Stadium in Moscow, Russia, from 8 November through 14 November 1993.

Olympic Stadium (Moscow)
Olympic Stadium (Russian: Олимпийский стадион) (known locally as Olimpiyskiy) was an indoor arena located in Moscow, Russia. It was built for the 1980 Summer Olympics and, divided into two separated halls, hosted the basketball and boxing events. It was closed in March 2019, and was subsequently demolished in 2020 for the construction of a new complex.
Rural community council
The rural community councils (RCCs) were established in rural England during the twentieth century to promote rural community life.

Each shire county now has one, although some are relative newcomers.  The RCCs also form a national coalition called Action with Communities in Rural England ("ACRE").

Each RCC is an independent, locally managed organisation but is dependent on external funding for its continued work.  Historically, RCCs were primarily funded by the Rural Development Commission, but this role was subsequently taken over by the Countryside Agency.  Most RCCs are also funded through project work linked to their aims and objectives, and from work undertaken for their closely related county-wide organisations representing parish councils and playing field committees.

Community councils in Scotland and Wales are different and exist on a statutory basis.

Countryside Agency
The Countryside Agency was a statutory body set up in England in 1999 with the task of improving the quality of the rural environment and the lives of those living in it. The agency was dissolved in 2006 and its functions dispersed among other bodies.
Grays Harbor Historical Seaport Authority
46°58′19″N 123°47′53″W﻿ / ﻿46.972°N 123.798°W﻿ / 46.972; -123.798
Grays Harbor Historical Seaport Authority,  also known as Grays Harbor Historical Seaport is a government authority created in 1986 by the city of Aberdeen, Washington, as a 501(c)(3) corporation. It was created to commemorate Washington's centennial of statehood. Operations began in 1987 with the purpose of building and operating a full-scale reproduction of the 18th-century brig Lady Washington. Additional goals were to build and operate a maritime museum to promote tourism and economic development in the Grays Harbor area, and to provide educational programs for schools and communities.

Aberdeen, Washington
Aberdeen (/ˈæbərdiːn/ AB-ər-deen) is a city in Grays Harbor County, Washington, United States. The population was 17,013 at the 2020 census. The city is the most populous in Grays Harbor County and the region's economic center, bordering the cities of Hoquiam and Cosmopolis. Aberdeen is occasionally referred to as the "Gateway to the Olympic Peninsula".