hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bosnia and Herzegovina Directorate of Civil Aviation
The Bosnia and Herzegovina Directorate of Civil Aviation is a government office of Bosnia and Herzegovina charged with performing oversight and regulatory actions for civil aviation and air traffic control. Its current Director General is Čedomir Šušnjar. It was admitted to the European Civil Aviation Conference in November of 2002, and is an International Civil Aviation Organization member state. Though not part of EASA, it is one of EASA's pan-European partners and cooperates with EASA on the implementation of EASA safety rules.

European Civil Aviation Conference
The European Civil Aviation Conference (ECAC) or Conférence Européenne de l'Aviation Civile (CEAC) is an intergovernmental organization which was established by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and the Council of Europe. It is located in Neuilly-sur-Seine in France. Founded in 1955 with 19 member states, the ECAC now totals 44 members, including all 27 EU, 31 of the 32 European Aviation Safety Agency member states, and all 41 EUROCONTROL member states. ECAC "promotes the continued development of a safe, efficient and sustainable European air transport system. In doing so, it seeks to 
harmonise civil aviation policies and practices amongst its Member States and promote understanding on policy matters between its Member States and other parts of the world."

Its strategic priorities are safety, security and the environment.
Johnny (Johnny Mathis album)
Johnny is an album by American pop singer Johnny Mathis that was released on July 15, 1963, by Columbia Records and later described on Allmusic as "a nice blend of standards, show tunes and then-new compositions."

The LP debuted on Billboard magazine's album chart in the issue dated August 24, 1963, and remained there for 27 weeks, during which time it got as high as number 20. it also debuted on the Cashbox albums chart in the issue dated August 17, 1963, and remained on the chart for 36 weeks, peaking at number 13. One song from the album, "No Man Can Stand Alone", had been released on May 7 of that year as the B-side of "Every Step of the Way".

This album was "remixed and mastered from the original session tapes in 20-bit Super Bit Mapping" for its first release on compact disc on May 7, 1996. Johnny was also included in Legacy's Mathis box set The Voice of Romance: The Columbia Original Album Collection, which was released on December 8, 2017.

Every Step of the Way (song)
"Every Step of the Way" is a popular song with music by Robert Allen and lyrics by Al Stillman that was recorded by Johnny Mathis in 1960. It reached the top 40 in the US and the top five in Hong Kong in 1963.
Helicopter noise reduction
Helicopter noise reduction is a topic of research into designing helicopters which can be operated more quietly, reducing the public-relations problems with night-flying or expanding an airport. In addition, it is useful for military applications in which stealth is required: long-range propagation of helicopter noise can alert an enemy to an incoming helicopter in time to re-orient defenses (see acoustic signature).

Acoustic signature
The term acoustic signature is used to describe a combination of acoustic emissions of sound emitters, such as those of ships and submarines. In addition, aircraft, machinery, and living animals can be described as having their own characteristic acoustic signatures or sound attributes, which can be used to study their condition, behavior, and physical location.
Villa Providence
Villa Providence is a national historic site located at 324 SW 2nd Avenue, Hallandale Beach, Florida in Broward County. Built in 1924 in Italian Renaissance style by Frank and Rosina Curci, it was their residence up to 1955.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2014.

Hallandale Beach, Florida
Hallandale Beach (formerly known simply as Hallandale) is a city in southern Broward County, Florida, United States. The city is named after Luther Halland, the son of a Swedish worker for Henry Flagler's Florida East Coast Railroad. It is also part of the Miami metropolitan area of South Florida. As of the 2023 census, its population was 41,547.

The city is known as the home of Gulfstream Park (horse racing and casino) and Big Easy Casino, a greyhound racing track, which hosts the World Classic. It also has a sizable downtown financial district with banks, brokerage houses, and restaurants. Together with neighbouring Hollywood, Florida, it is a popular center for Canadian tourists, leading to its description as "Canada's southernmost city."
Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Poland)
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Ministerstwo Spraw Zagranicznych, MSZ) is the Polish government department tasked with maintaining Poland's international relations and coordinating its participation in international and regional supra-national political organisations such as the European Union and United Nations. The head of the ministry holds a place in the Council of Ministers.

August Zaleski
August Zaleski (13 September 1883 – 7 April 1972) was a Polish economist, freemason, politician, and diplomat. Twice Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Poland, he served as President of Poland-in-exile.
Chuck Smith (pastor)
Charles Ward Smith (June 25, 1927 – October 3, 2013) was an American pastor who founded the Calvary Chapel movement.  Beginning with the 25-person Costa Mesa congregation in 1965, Smith's influence now extends to "more than 1,000 churches nationwide and hundreds more overseas", some of which are among the largest churches in the United States. He has been called "one of the most influential figures in modern American Christianity." The founding of Calvary Chapel is depicted in the 2023 film Jesus Revolution, with Smith being portrayed by Kelsey Grammer.

Megachurch
A megachurch is a church with a very large membership. Most megachurches offer a variety of educational and social activities and are evangelical, although the term "evangelical" usually denotes a type of organization, not a denomination. Megachurches are generally defined as any (typically Protestant) Christian church that on average draws 2,000 or more people per week.

The first megachurch was established in London in 1861. More emerged in the 20th century, especially in the United States, and expanded rapidly through the 1980s and 1990s. In the 21st century, megachurches became widespread in the United States and a growing phenomenon in several African countries and Australia. In the late 2000s and early 2010s, they shifted away from traditional architecture, with many newer ones having stadium-type seating; some, such as Lakewood Church, are even based in former or active arenas.
David Reynoso
David Reynoso Flores (29 January 1926 – 9 June 1994) was a Mexican actor. He appeared in more than 170 films and television shows between 1955 and 1994. He was also a federal deputy from 1979 to 1982, representing the Federal District's seventh district for the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI).

He died from cancer in 1994.

7th federal electoral district of Mexico City
The 7th federal electoral district of Mexico City (Spanish: Distrito electoral federal 07 de la Ciudad de México; previously "of the Federal District") is one of the 300 electoral districts into which Mexico is divided for the purpose of elections to the federal Chamber of Deputies and one of 22 such districts in Mexico City.

It elects one deputy to the lower house of Congress for each three-year legislative session by means of the first-past-the-post system. Votes cast in the district also count towards the calculation of proportional representation ("plurinominal") deputies elected from the fourth region.

The current member for the district, elected in the 2024 general election, is Juan Guillermo Rendón Gómez of the National Regeneration Movement (Morena).
The Mercy Seat (song)
"The Mercy Seat" is a song written by Nick Cave (lyrics and music) and Mick Harvey (music), originally performed by Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds on the 1988 album Tender Prey. The song has been covered by others, including Johnny Cash, Camille O'Sullivan and Unter Null. Rolling Stone editor Toby Creswell lists it as one of the 1001 greatest songs.

Mick Harvey
Michael John Harvey (born 29 August 1958) is an Australian musician, singer-songwriter, composer, arranger and record producer. A multi-instrumentalist, he is best known for his long-term collaborations with Nick Cave, with whom he formed The Boys Next Door, The Birthday Party and Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds. Harvey has also produced and contributed to multiple recordings by different artists and released several albums and soundtracks as a solo artist.
USS Cambridge (1860)
USS Cambridge was a heavy (868 long tons (882 t)) steamship purchased by the Union Navy at the start of the American Civil War.

She was outfitted as a gunboat, with two powerful 8 in (203 mm) rifled guns, and assigned to the blockade of ports and waterways of the Confederate States of America.

Union navy
The Union navy is used to describe the United States Navy (USN) during the American Civil War, when it fought the Confederate States Navy (CSN). The term is sometimes used to describe vessels of war used on the rivers of the interior under the control of the Union army.
Freienbach SOB railway station
Freienbach SOB railway station is a railway station in the Swiss canton of Schwyz and municipality of Freienbach. The station lies within fare zone 181 of the Zürcher Verkehrsverbund (ZVV) and is located on the Pfäffikon SZ–Arth-Goldau railway line, owned by the Südostbahn (SOB).

Freienbach SOB station should not be confused with the nearby Freienbach SBB railway station, which is on the Lake Zurich left-bank railway line. The two stations are approximately 500 metres (1,600 ft) apart on foot.

Lake Zurich left-bank railway line
The Lake Zurich left bank railway line (German: Linksufrige Zürichseebahn), is a railway line in Switzerland. It serves the left (or west) bank of Lake Zurich, connecting Zurich to Ziegelbrücke and Näfels.

The left-bank railway opened in 1875 and forms part of the Zurich–Chur main line. It is 61.31 kilometres (38.10 mi) long, standard gauge, double track and electrified at 15 kV  16.7 Hz AC supplied by overhead line. Between Zurich and Thalwil, the line originally shared its tracks with the Zurich–Lucerne main line, although many through trains on this stretch now use the Zimmerberg Base Tunnel rather than the lakeside line.
Abbadi (tribe)
The Abbadi (Arabic : بنو عباد) are one of the largest Arab tribes in Jordan. Abbadi is the second most common surname in Jordan. They are descended from "Qahtan" (Arabic : قحطانيون)

The Abbaddi tribe are particularly concentrated in central Jordan and its capital Amman, but have significant presence throughout Jordan. In the 18th and 19th centuries, the tribe fought in bloody tribal battles with other Jordanian tribes, which resulted in either control of more lands or displacement as a result of these wars. Jordanian poets sung about the tribe's power and the spread of its territory, "Abbad from Stream to Stream ," Meaning that their lands extend from the Zarqa River to Al Bahath stream. This denotes the size of their monastery as well as their power.

Qahtanite
The Qahtanites (/ˈkɑːtənaɪts/; Arabic: قَحْطَانِيون, romanized: Qaḥṭānīyun), also known as Banu Qahtan (Arabic: بنو قحطان) or by their nickname al-Arab al-Ariba (Arabic: العرب العاربة), are the Arabs who originate from modern-day Hadhramaut, Yemen. The term "Qahtan" is mentioned in multiple Ancient South Arabian inscriptions found in Yemen. Some Arab traditions believe that the Qahtanites are the original Arabs.

In some Judeo-Christian-Islamic traditions, the Qahtanite Arabs descend from Jokshan, a son of Abraham through Keturah and half brother of Ishmael son of Abraham through Hagar.
Talak, Niger
Talak is a sandy dune region in western Niger and it extends into Algeria and Mali. Talak Desert is a section of the Sahara Desert.

This area extensively watered by small waterways that empty into the Niger River makes it less barren than the rest of the vast desert area.

Discoveries of dinosaur bones and fossils of now extinct flora and fauna have been made in the valleys of this region. The Talak region  is about 100,000 square km. Eastern Talak is crossed by a trans-Saharan road, which links Algeria on the Mediterranean with Kano in Nigeria.

Niger River
The Niger River (/ˈnaɪdʒər/ NY-jər; French: (le) fleuve Niger [(lə) flœv niʒɛʁ]) is the main river of West Africa, extending about 4,180 kilometres (2,600 miles). Its drainage basin is 2,117,700 km2 (817,600 sq mi) in area. Its source is in the Guinea Highlands in south-eastern Guinea near the Sierra Leone border. It runs in a crescent shape through southwest Mali and through southwest Niger, on the border with Benin, and then through Nigeria, discharging through a massive delta, known as the Niger Delta, into the Gulf of Guinea in the Atlantic Ocean. The Niger is the 14th-longest river in the world and the third-longest river in Africa, exceeded by the Nile and the Congo River. Its main tributary is the Benue River.
Teodor Szybiłło
Teodor Szybiłło (1873 in Pniewo - 24 July 1937 in Łódź) was a Polish politician and member of the Legislative Sejm (1919-1922).

He finished elementary school and two classes of gymnasium in Łomża, and later school for surgeons in Warsaw. Szybiłło than moved to Łódź, where he opened a hairdressing salon.

In 1905 he joined Narodowy Związek Robotniczy (National Union of Workers).

He was elected a member of the Lesiglative Sejm on 26 January 1919.

His fate after 1929 is unknown. He died in 1937.

Legislative Sejm (Second Polish Republic)
The Legislative Sejm or Constituent Sejm (Polish: Sejm Ustawodawczy) was the first national parliament (Sejm), and simultaneously Constituent Assembly of the newly independent Poland, sitting from 1919 to 1922. It was elected in the 1919 Polish legislative election.
Erceg
Erceg is a Croatian and Serbian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Abby Erceg (born 1989), New Zealand women's international football player

Filip Erceg (born 1979), Croatian writer and political activist

Lucas Erceg (born 1995), American baseball player

Michael Erceg (1956–2005), New Zealand businessman

Oste Erceg (1947–2025), Bosnian Serb painter

Percy Erceg (1928–2019), New Zealand rugby union player and coach

Steve Erceg (born 1995), Australian professional mixed martial artist

Stipe Erceg (born 1974), Croatian-German actor

Tina Erceg (born 1988), Croatian gymnast

Tomislav Erceg (born 1971), Croatian football player

Tina Erceg
Tina Erceg (born 3 May 1988) is a Croatian former international gymnast. The senior all-around National Champion in 2004 and 2005 and the winner of several medals on the World Cup circuit, Erceg is considered to be the Croatia's most successful international gymnast. She was also the first female gymnast ever to represent independent Croatia at the Olympic Games.
2-Methylmescaline
2-Methylmescaline (2-Me-M), also known as 2-methyl-3,4,5-trimethoxyphenethylamine, is a serotonin receptor modulator of the phenethylamine and scaline families related to mescaline. It is the 2-methyl derivative of mescaline. The drug shows affinity for the serotonin 5-HT1A, 5-HT2A, and 5-HT2C receptors (Ki = 525 nM, 1,640 nM, and 1,094 nM, respectively). These affinities were 5.7-fold, 2.8-fold, and 7.1-fold higher than those of mescaline, respectively. The drug is not known to have been tested in animals or humans. 2-Methylmescaline was first described in the scientific literature by Daniel Trachsel and colleagues in 2013. The source of the information cited by Trachsel and colleagues was personal communication with David E. Nichols in 2010. It is not a controlled substance in Canada as of 2025.

Substituted phenethylamine
Substituted phenethylamines (or simply phenethylamines) are a chemical class of organic compounds that are based upon the phenethylamine structure; the class is composed of all the derivative compounds of phenethylamine which can be formed by replacing, or substituting, one or more hydrogen atoms in the phenethylamine core structure with substituents. Phenylethylamines are also generally found to be central nervous system stimulants with many also being entactogens/empathogens, and hallucinogens.
Tel Beit Shemesh
Tel Beit Shemesh is a small archaeological tell northeast of the modern city of Beit Shemesh.

It was identified in the late 1830s as Biblical Beth Shemesh – it then was known as Ain Shams – by Edward Robinson. The tel was excavated in numerous phases during the 20th century.

Edward Robinson (scholar)
Edward Robinson (April 10, 1794 – January 27, 1863) was an American biblical scholar known for his magnum opus, Biblical Researches in Palestine, the first major work in biblical geography and biblical archaeology, which earned him the epithets "Father of Biblical Geography" and "Founder of Modern Palestinology."

He studied in the United States and Germany, centers of biblical scholarship and exploration of the Bible as history. He translated scriptural works from classical languages as well as German translations. His Greek and English Lexicon of the New Testament (1836; last revision, 1850) became a standard authority in the United States and was reprinted several times in Great Britain.
2015 World Table Tennis Championships – Men's doubles
The 2015 World Table Tennis Championships men's doubles was the 53rd edition of the men's doubles championship.

Chen Chien-an and Chuang Chih-yuan were the defending champions, but chose not to participate this year.

Xu Xin and Zhang Jike won the title by defeating Fan Zhendong and Zhou Yu 12–14, 11–7, 11–9, 9–11, 11–7, 11–9 in the final.

Zhang Jike
Zhang Jike (Chinese: 张继科; pinyin: Zhāng Jìkē; born 16 February 1988) is a retired Chinese table tennis player.

Zhang became the fourth male player in the history of table tennis to achieve a career Grand Slam when he won gold in men's singles at the Olympic games in London 2012. The first three are Jan-Ove Waldner (in 1992), Liu Guoliang (in 1999), and Kong Linghui (in 2000). Zhang won the Grand Slam in only 445 days. He won, consecutively, first WTTC 2011, then World Cup 2011, and then London Olympics 2012, which made him the fastest player ever to win a Grand Slam. After the first Grand Slam, he won WTTC 2013 and World Cup 2014.
SpicyIP
SpicyIP is a blog discussing copyright law of India. The founder was Shamnad Basheer.

In March 2019 Saregama, a music label, sent a Notice and take down request to SpicyIP seemingly in error through an Internet bot.

The writers for the blog file public interest litigation in India advocate for the public in matters of copyright.

The blog published a history and summary of an ongoing 19-year old dispute between India's The Times Group and the UK’s Financial Times. This coverage led to The Times Group threatening legal action claiming defamation.

Notice and take down
Notice and take down is a process operated by online hosts in response to court orders or allegations that content is illegal. Content is removed by the host following notice. Notice and take down is widely operated in relation to copyright infringement, as well as for libel and other illegal content.

In United States and European Union law, notice and takedown is mandated as part of limited liability, or safe harbour, provisions for online hosts (see the Digital Millennium Copyright Act 1998 and the Electronic Commerce Directive 2000). As a condition for limited liability online hosts must expeditiously remove or disable access to content they host when they are notified of the alleged illegality.
Turn to Stone (album)
Turn to Stone is a compilation album by American doom metal band Pentagram, comprising songs from their first three albums (Relentless, Day of Reckoning and Be Forewarned). It was released by Peaceville Records in 2002.

Doom metal
Doom metal is an extreme subgenre of heavy metal music that typically uses slower tempos, low-tuned guitars and a much "thicker" or "heavier" sound than other heavy metal genres. Both the music and the lyrics are intended to evoke a sense of despair, dread, and impending doom. The genre is strongly influenced by the early work of Black Sabbath, who formed a prototype for doom metal. During the first half of the 1980s, a number of bands such as Witchfinder General and Pagan Altar from England, American bands Pentagram, Saint Vitus, the Obsessed, Trouble, and Cirith Ungol, and Swedish band Candlemass defined doom metal as a distinct genre.
Burmese phonology
The phonology of Burmese is fairly typical of a Southeast Asian language, involving phonemic tone or register, a contrast between major and minor syllables, and strict limitations on consonant clusters.

Consonant cluster
In linguistics, a consonant cluster, consonant sequence or consonant compound is a group of consonants which have no intervening vowel. In English, for example, the groups /spl/ and /ts/ are consonant clusters in the word splits. In the education field it is variously called a consonant cluster or a consonant blend.

Some linguists argue that the term can be properly applied only to consonant clusters that occur within one syllable. Others claim that the concept is more useful when it includes consonant sequences across syllable boundaries. According to the former definition, the longest consonant clusters in the word extra would be /ks/ and /tr/, whereas the latter allows /kstr/, which is phonetically [kst̠ɹ̠̊˔ʷ] in some accents.
Gunnery sergeant
Gunnery sergeant (GySgt)  is the seventh enlisted rank in the United States Marine Corps, above staff sergeant and below master sergeant and first sergeant, and is a staff non-commissioned officer (SNCO). It has a pay grade of E-7. Gunnery sergeants are commonly referred by the nickname "Gunny".

The gunnery sergeant insignia consists of two M1 Garands centered vertically between three chevrons and two rockers.

M1 Garand
The M1 Garand or M1 rifle is a semi-automatic rifle that was the service rifle of the U.S. Army during World War II and the Korean War.

The rifle is chambered for the .30-06 Springfield cartridge and is named after its Canadian-American designer, John Garand. It was the first standard-issue autoloading rifle for the United States. By most accounts, the M1 rifle performed well. General George S. Patton called it "the greatest battle implement ever devised". The M1 replaced the (bolt-action) M1903 Springfield as the U.S. service rifle in 1936, and was itself replaced by the (selective-fire) M14 rifle on 26 March 1958.
Empty (film)
Empty (Estonian: Tühirand) is a 2006 Estonian drama film directed by Veiko Õunpuu and based on the Mati Unt's same-named story.

Awards:

2006: Estonian Film Journalists' Association's award: Neitsi Maali (best film of the year)

2006: Tallinn Black Nights Film Festival (Tallinn, Eesti), Scottish Leader Eesti Filmi Auhind

2006: annual award by Cultural Endowment of Estonia (best film of the year)

Cultural Endowment of Estonia
Cultural Endowment of Estonia (Estonian: Eesti Kultuurkapital, abbreviated Kulka or KULKA; also translated as Estonian Cultural Capital) is an Estonian foundation which supports activities related to Estonian culture. The foundation was established in 1925 and re-established in 1994.

The foundation was established in 1925 after the Estonian Parliament passed the Cultural Endowment of Estonia Act. It was decided that scholarships are to be given twice a year: on 1 April and on 1 October.

The foundation was re-established in 1994 after the Estonian Parliament passed a new Cultural Endowment of Estonia Act.

The foundation gives also literary awards (Estonian: Eesti Kultuurkapitali kirjanduspreemia) and a yearly prize (Estonian: Eesti Kultuurkapitali aastapreemia).