hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Energy-Efficient Ethernet
In computer networking, Energy-Efficient Ethernet (EEE) is a set of enhancements to twisted-pair, twinaxial, backplane, and optical fiber Ethernet physical-layer variants that reduce power consumption during periods of low data activity.  The intention is to reduce power consumption by at least half, while retaining full compatibility with existing equipment.

The  Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), through the IEEE 802.3az task force, developed the standard. The first study group had its call for interest in November 2006, and the official standards task force was authorized in May 2007. The IEEE ratified the final standard in September 2010. Some companies introduced technology to reduce the power required for Ethernet before the standard was ratified, using the name Green Ethernet.

Some energy-efficient switch integrated circuits were developed before the IEEE 802.3az Energy-Efficient Ethernet standard was finalized.

Twinaxial cabling
Twinaxial cabling, or twinax, is a type of cable similar to coaxial cable, but with two inner conductors in a twisted pair instead of one. Due to cost efficiency it is becoming common in modern (2013) very-short-range high-speed differential signaling applications.
The New Penny
53°47′40″N 1°32′30″W﻿ / ﻿53.794582°N 1.541720°W﻿ / 53.794582; -1.541720

The New Penny is a gay pub in The Calls area of Leeds, West Yorkshire. It is reported to be the oldest continually running gay pub in the UK.

Gay bar
A gay bar is a drinking establishment that caters to an exclusively or predominantly lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender or queer (LGBTQ+) clientele; the term gay is used as a broadly inclusive concept for LGBTQ+ communities.

Gay bars once served as the centre of gay culture and were one of the few places people with same-sex orientations and gender-variant identities could openly socialize. Other names used to describe these establishments include boy bar, girl bar, gay club, gay pub, queer bar, lesbian bar, drag bar, and dyke bar, depending on the communities that they serve.

With the advent of the Internet and an increasing acceptance of LGBTQ+ people across the Western world, the relevance of gay bars in the LGBTQ+ community has somewhat diminished. In areas without a gay bar, certain establishments may hold a gay night instead.
Hassanpur Khurd
Hassanpur Khurd is a village in Batala in Gurdaspur district of Punjab State, India. It is located 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) from sub district headquarter, 43 kilometres (27 mi) from district headquarter and 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) from Sri Hargobindpur. The village is administrated by Sarpanch an elected representative of the village.

Sri Hargobindpur
Sri Hargobindpur is a town and a municipal council in Gurdaspur district in the Indian state of Punjab. Situated on the banks of the Beas River
Sixth Guru of Sikhs Shri Guru Hargobind Sahib ji established this city on the land bought by his father and fifth guru, Shri Guru Arjan Dev Sahib ji, the city is also the erstwhile capital of the Ramgarhia Misl.

The Gurudwara Dhamdama Sahib stands at the site of the battle of Hargobindpur fought between Sikh forces led by Guru Hargobind and Mughal forces in 1630.
Kurdistan Football Association
The Kurdistan Football Association (Kurdish: یەکێتی تۆپی پێی کوردستان, romanized: Yekêtî Topîpêy Kurdistan) is the football governing body in Iraqi Kurdistan controlling the Kurdistan national football team. It also oversees the Kurdistan Premier League, Kurdistan Cup and Kurdistan Super Cup.

Romanization of Kurdish
The romanization of Kurdish language is the practice of transcribing the Kurdish, traditionally written in both Arabic and Latin scripts, into a standardized Latin alphabet. The development of Kurdish romanization systems supports the need for digital communication, linguistic research, and accessibility for Kurdish speakers and Kurdish speakers in diaspora communities. These systems strive to maintain phonetic precision and consistency across the diverse Kurdish dialects.
Columbia (motor vessel)
MV Columbia was a passenger motor vessel that was operated on the Arrow Lakes in British Columbia, Canada from 1948 to 1954. She was the Canadian Pacific Railway Company's last vessel in a long line of ships on the Arrow Lakes and was sold after the retirement of SS Minto to Ivan Horie, who continued a freight service for a few years.

Motor ship
A motor ship or motor vessel is a ship that is propelled by an internal combustion engine, usually a diesel engine. The names of motor ships are often prefixed with MS, M/S, MV or M/V.

Engines for motorships were developed during the 1890s, and by the early 20th century, motorships began to cross the waters.
Dajabón
Dajabón (Spanish pronunciation: [daxaˈβon]) is a municipality and capital of the Dajabón province in the Dominican Republic, which is located on the northwestern Dominican Republic frontier with Haiti. It is a market town with a population of about 26,000, north of the Cordillera Central mountain range.

Dajabón is located on the Dajabón River. This river is also known as the Massacre River due to an incident that took place in 1728 in which Spanish settlers killed 30 French Buccaneers. The name also became popular after being the site of the Parsley massacre in 1937, when thousands of Haitians were killed by the Dominican Army under the orders of Rafael Trujillo.

Dominican Army
The Dominican Army (Spanish: Ejército de República Dominicana), is one of the three branches of the Armed Forces of the Dominican Republic, together with the Navy and the Air Force.

The Dominican army with 28,750 active duty personnel consists of six infantry brigades, a combat support brigade, a combat service support brigade and the air cavalry squadron.

The army's principal small arm is the German G3 rifle. Armored assets include twelve American M41A1 light tanks, twenty armored personnel carriers, and eight Cadillac Gage V-150 Commando armored vehicles. The artillery units are equipped with twenty-two 105 mm towed howitzers.
Andrea Lundgren
Andrea Lundgren (born 1986) is a Swedish writer. She was born and raised in the town of Boden in Norrbotten, in the far north of Sweden.

She made her debut in 2010 with the novel I tunga vintrars mage. Her second novel Glupahungern followed four years later. In 2018, Glupahungern was dramatized by Ellenor Lindgren and premiered at Västerbottensteatern. It then went on tour around Sweden.

Also in 2018 came her first collection of short stories, Nordic Fauna, which received glowing reviews and won domestic literary prizes such as Tidningen Vi:s litteraturpris and Samfundet de Nios vinterpris. An English translation has been published by Peirene Press.

Norrbotten
Norrbotten (Swedish: [ˈnɔ̂rːˌbɔtːɛn]; Meänkieli: Norrbotteni), sometimes called North Bothnia, is a Swedish province (landskap) in northernmost Sweden. It borders south to Västerbotten, west to Swedish Lapland, and east to Finland.
The Three of Us (1914 film)
The Three of Us is a lost 1914 American silent drama film directed by John W. Noble, produced by B. A. Rolfe, and starring Mabel Taliaferro and Creighton Hale. It was based on a 1906 play The Three of Us by Rachel Crothers. The films was released in 5 parts.

B. A. Rolfe
Benjamin Albert Rolfe (October 24, 1879 – April 23, 1956) was an American musician known as "The Boy Trumpet Wonder" who went on to be a bandleader, recording artist, radio personality, and film producer.
Chemical field-effect transistor
A ChemFET is a chemically-sensitive field-effect transistor, that is a field-effect transistor used as a sensor for measuring chemical concentrations in solution. When the target analyte concentration changes, the current through the transistor will change accordingly. Here, the analyte solution separates the source and gate electrodes. A concentration gradient between the solution and the gate electrode arises due to a semi-permeable membrane on the FET surface containing receptor moieties that preferentially bind the target analyte. This concentration gradient of charged analyte ions creates a chemical potential between the source and gate, which is in turn measured by the FET.

Solution (chemistry)
In chemistry, a solution is defined by IUPAC as "A liquid or solid phase containing more than one substance, when for convenience one (or more) substance, which is called the solvent, is treated differently from the other substances, which are called solutes. When, as is often but not necessarily the case, the sum of the mole fractions of solutes is small compared with unity, the solution is called a dilute solution." One parameter of a solution is the concentration, which is a measure of the amount of solute in a given amount of solution or solvent. The term "aqueous solution" is used when one of the solvents is water.
Młociny metro station
Młociny is a Warsaw Metro station serving as a northern terminus to Line M1. It is situated within Warsaw administrative boundaries and Public Transport Authority's ticketing zone 1, in the osiedle Młociny of the dzielnica Bielany, in a close proximity to Warsaw's ArcelorMittal steelworks. The station opened on 25 October 2008 and is the final northern extension of Line M1. It was designed by Polish architect Andrzej M. Chołdzyński.

The area beyond the station has been remodelled into a major public transportation junction after Młociny opened. It is served by trams and both urban and suburban buses. Although there are no plans to extend Line M1 further, the station is built in such way that it will be possible to do so if need be.

The trains are turned back at sidings behind Młociny. Terminating trains arrive at eastern side platform, whereas southbound trains depart from western side platform.

M1 (Warsaw)
The M1 line is the first line of the Warsaw Metro. It is 23.1 km (14.4 mi) long, has 21 stations and runs from the Kabaty neighborhood in the Ursynów district to the Młociny district in Bielany.

The decision to build it was made in 1982, and a year later the first works in Ursynów began. In 1995, the first section of the route connecting Ursynów and Mokotów with Śródmieście was launched, and the next sections were put into operation in the following years. In 2008, construction of the Bielany section was completed and crossings on the whole line were started. There is also a plan to add two additional stations around the center portion of the metro line.

M1 trains run from approximately 5:00 am to 12:10 am (from Monday to Thursday and Sunday) and from approximately 5:00 am to 3:00 am (Fridays and Saturdays).
Château de Saint-Thamar
The Château de Saint-Thamar is a castle in the commune of Terrou in the Lot département of France. Dating from the 15th century, the castle was altered in the 17th and 18th centuries.

The castle is privately owned and not open to the public. It has been listed since 1975 as a monument historique by the French Ministry of Culture.

Ministry of Culture (France)
The Ministry of Culture (French: Ministère de la Culture [ministɛʁ də la kyltyʁ]) is the ministry of the Government of France in charge of national museums and the monuments historiques. Its goal is to maintain the French identity through the promotion and protection of the arts (visual, plastic, theatrical, musical, dance, architectural, literary, televisual and cinematographic) on national soil and abroad. Its budget is mainly dedicated to the management of the Archives Nationales (six national sites and hundred decentralised storage facilities) and the regional Maisons de la culture (culture centres).

Its main office is in the Palais-Royal in the 1st arrondissement of Paris on the Rue de Valois. It is headed by the Minister of Culture, a cabinet member. The most recent officeholder has been Rachida Dati, before she resigned to focus on her candidacy of the 2026 Paris municipal election.
National Society of Hispanic Physicists
The National Society of Hispanic Physicists (NSHP) was established in 1996 with the goal of promoting the participation and advancement of Hispanic-Americans in physics and celebrating the contributions of Hispanic-American physicists to the study and teaching of physics.

American Association of Physics Teachers
The American Association of Physics Teachers (AAPT) was founded in 1930 for the purpose of "dissemination of knowledge of physics, particularly by way of teaching." There are more than 10,000 members in over 30 countries. AAPT publications include two peer-reviewed journals, the American Journal of Physics and The Physics Teacher. The association has two annual National Meetings (winter and summer) and has regional sections with their own meetings and organization. The association also offers grants and awards for physics educators, including the Richtmyer Memorial Award and programs and contests for physics educators and students. It is headquartered at the American Center for Physics in College Park, Maryland.
Domo (robot)
Domo is an experimental robot made by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology designed to interact with humans. The brainchild of Jeff Weber and Aaron Edsinger, cofounders of Meka Robotics, its name comes from the Japanese phrase for "thank you very much", domo arigato, as well as the Styx song, "Mr. Roboto". The Domo project was originally funded by NASA, and has now been joined by Toyota in funding robot's development.

Mr. Roboto
"Mr. Roboto" is a song by American rock band Styx, released as the lead single from their eleventh studio album, Kilroy Was Here (1983). It was written by band member Dennis DeYoung. In Canada, it went to number one on the RPM national singles chart. It entered on both the US Billboard Hot 100 and US Cash Box Top 100 on February 12, 1983. On April 30, the song peaked at number three on Billboard, but fared better on Cash Box, where it reached number one.
In Thrall to the Claw
In Thrall to the Claw (German: Im Banne der Kralle) is a 1921 Austrian silent film directed by Carl Froelich and starring Eugen Jensen, Gustav Diessl, and Julius Strobl. While visiting the set, future director Georg Wilhelm Pabst made his only ever screen appearance as an actor.

The film's sets were designed by the art director Jacek Rotmil.

G. W. Pabst
Georg Wilhelm Pabst (25 August 1885 – 29 May 1967) was an Austrian film director and screenwriter. He started as an actor and theater director, before becoming one of the most influential German-language filmmakers during the Weimar Republic.
Saratoga, Minnesota
Saratoga is an unincorporated community in Saratoga Township, Winona County, Minnesota, United States.

The community is located south of St. Charles; near the junction of State Highway 74 (MN 74) and Winona County Road 10.

Nearby places include St. Charles, Troy, Clyde, Dover, and Chatfield.  Trout Run Creek flows through the community.

Chatfield, Minnesota
Chatfield is a city in Fillmore and Olmsted counties in the U.S. state of Minnesota. The population was 2,997 at the 2020 census. The city's area is split almost equally between the two counties.  Chatfield is known as "The Gateway to Bluff Country" and "The Chosen Valley".
Richard Wilson (Scottish actor)
Richard Wilson (born Iain Carmichael Wilson; 9 July 1936) is a Scottish actor, broadcaster, and theatre director. He is most famous for playing Victor Meldrew in the BBC sitcom One Foot in the Grave. Another notable role was as Gaius, the court physician of Camelot, in the BBC drama Merlin.

The Play on One
The Play on One (Play on One in the final series) is a British television drama anthology series, produced by the BBC Nations and Regions in its studios outside London, and transmitted on BBC1 from 19 January 1988 to 29 August 1991.
G4513 Naiman Banner–Yingkou Expressway
The G4513 Naiman Banner–Yingkou Expressway (Chinese: 奈曼旗—营口高速公路), also referred to as the Naiying Expressway (Chinese: 奈营高速公路), is an expressway in China that connects Naiman Banner, Inner Mongolia to Yingkou, Liaoning.

Fuxin
Fuxin (Chinese: 阜新; pinyin: Fùxīn) is a prefecture-level city in northwestern Liaoning province, People's Republic of China, bordering the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region to the north. As of the 2020 census, its decreasing total population was 1,647,280 inhabitants (1,819,339 in 2010), of whom 716,494 lived in the built-up (or metro) area, encompassing the four urban districts, collectively known as 'Fuxin City'.
Hospice Savannah
Hospice Savannah is a non-profit hospice based in Savannah, Georgia that was started in 1979. Hospice Savannah provides its services to an average of 200 terminally ill patients at a time in Chatham, Effingham, Bryan, Long, and Liberty counties. Being non-profit, Hospice Savannah is community-based and is a member agency of the United Way of the Coastal Empire. It is certified by Medicare and Medicaid and will provide its services to any patient regardless of any financial situations. It employs around 200 people and also receives support from its large volunteer group.

Bryan County, Georgia
Bryan County is a county located in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 44,738. The county seat is Pembroke.

Bryan County is part of the Savannah, Georgia metropolitan statistical area.

The Bryan County Courthouse is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
James Eustace, 3rd Viscount Baltinglass
James FitzEustace of Harristown, 3rd Viscount Baltinglass
(1530–1585)
James FitzEustace, the eldest son of Rowland Eustace, 2nd Viscount Baltinglass and Joan, daughter of James Butler, 8th Baron Dunboyne.

Naas
Naas (/neɪs/ NAYSS; Irish: Nás na Ríogh or an Nás [ən̪ˠ ˈn̪ˠaːsˠ]) is the county town of County Kildare in Ireland. In 2022, it had a population of 26,180, making it the largest town in County Kildare (ahead of Newbridge) and the fourteenth-largest urban centre in Ireland.
Cola Rapicano
Cola Rapicano (fl. 1451–1488) was an Italian illuminator, working in Naples during the second half of the 15th century.

The earliest mention of Cola Rapicano stems from 1451, and in a document from 1456 he is described as an illuminator. Very little is known about his life. As far as is known, he only worked in Naples, where he was tied to the court of Alfonso V of Aragon and his son Ferdinand I of Naples. He was the head of a workshop producing manuscripts for the rulers; most of the surviving works in his style originate from the former royal library of Naples. Stylistically, he displayed a "strong antiquarian flair" and is recognisable through the use of white vine-stems, putti, and classical elements in the style of Pisanello.

Putto
A putto (Italian: [ˈputto]; plural putti [ˈputti]) is a figure in a work of art depicted as a chubby male child, usually naked and very often winged. Originally limited to profane passions in symbolism, the putto came to represent a sort of baby angel in religious art, often called a cherub (plural cherubim), though in traditional Christian theology, a cherub is actually one of the most senior types of angel.

The same figures were also seen in representations of classical myth, and increasingly in general decorative art. In Baroque art the putto came to represent the omnipresence of God. A putto representing a cupid is also called an amorino (plural amorini) or amoretto (plural amoretti).
Hexabothriidae
Hexabothriidae is a family of monogenean parasites. The family name was proposed by Emmett W. Price in 1942. The family includes 14-16 genera according to authors  and about 60 species; all are parasitic on the gills of chondrichthyan fishes (rays, sharks and chimaeras).

Studies on phylogeny of monogeneans based on morphology, molecules  or spermatozoa  suggest that the Hexabothriidae are a basal group within the Polyopisthocotylea.

Monogenea
Monogeneans, members of the class Monogenea (/ˌmɒnəˈdʒiːniːə/ MON-ə-JEE-nee-ə), are a group of ectoparasitic flatworms commonly found on the skin, gills, or fins of fish. They have a direct lifecycle and do not require an intermediate host. Adults are hermaphrodites, meaning they have both male and female reproductive structures.

Some monogeneans are oviparous (egg-laying) and some are viviparous (live-bearing). Oviparous varieties release eggs into the water. Viviparous varieties release larvae, which immediately attach to another host. The genus Gyrodactylus  is an example of a viviparous variety, while the genus Dactylogyrus is an example of an oviparous variety.
Newman Tuttle House
Newman Tuttle House is a historic home located at Lacona in Oswego County, New York.  It was built about 1871 and is a two-story, clapboard vernacular residence consisting of a rectangular, three-bay main block and a slightly lower rear wing, both with shallow pitched gable roofs.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.

Oswego County, New York
Oswego County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 117,525. The county seat is Oswego. The county name is from a Mohawk-language word meaning 'the pouring out place', referring to the point at which the Oswego River feeds into Lake Ontario at the northern edge of the county in the city of Oswego. The county is part of the Central New York region of the state.

Oswego County is part of the Syracuse metropolitan area.
Vital (grape)
Vital is a white Portuguese wine grape variety that is grown primarily in Western Portugal. Sometimes known under the synonym Malvasia Corado, the variety tends to produce rather neutral flavor wine with low acidity unless the grape is grown in vineyards of high altitude.

Another common synonym in the Lisboa VR of the former Estremadura Province is Malvasia Fina though ampelographers are not sure if Vital is related to the Malvasia grown widely in Italy, Greece and throughout Europe. One key difference that ampelographers note is that the shape of the leaves of Vital and the various Malvasia species tend to be very different. Even in the Douro DOC there is a Malvasia Fina used in Port wine production that may or may not be the same variety as Vital.

Port wine
Port wine (Portuguese: vinho do Porto, Portuguese: [ˈviɲu ðu ˈpoɾtu]; lit. 'wine of Porto'), or simply port, is a Portuguese fortified wine produced in the Douro Valley of northern Portugal. It is typically a sweet red wine, often served with dessert, although it also comes in dry, semi-dry, and white varieties.

Port wine is quite different from other wines because of its distinctive characteristics, which includes an intense taste and aroma, rich flavor, varying degree of sweetness and a relatively high alcohol content, typically between 19% and 22% by volume. As a result of the winemaking technique used, Port wines occur in various color styles including red Ports (which comes in various shades like: tawny, golden and light gold) and white Ports which range from pale yellow, straw and golden white.

In the European Union as well as in the United States, only wines from Portugal are allowed to be labelled "port".
Il Gazzettino
Il Gazzettino (lit. 'The Little Gazette') is an Italian daily local newspaper, based in Mestre, Italy a borough of Venice. It is the main newspaper in the Northeast Italy and is one of the oldest newspapers in Italy.

Northeast Italy
Northeast Italy (Italian: Italia nord-orientale or just Nord-est) is one of the five official statistical regions of Italy used by the National Institute of Statistics (ISTAT), a first level NUTS region and a European Parliament constituency. Northeast encompasses four of the country's 20 regions:

Emilia-Romagna

Friuli-Venezia Giulia

Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol

Veneto
Mędrzyny
Mędrzyny [mɛnˈdʐɨnɨ] is an abandoned village in the administrative district of Gmina Purda, within Olsztyn County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It is located on the western shore of Lake Kośno in the region of Warmia.

In 1863, the village had a population of 25, exclusively Polish by nationality and Catholic by confession.

Abandoned village
An abandoned village is a village that has, for some reason, been deserted. In many countries, and throughout history, thousands of villages have been deserted for a variety of causes. Abandonment of villages is often related to epidemic, famine, war, climate change, economic depressions, environmental destruction, or deliberate clearances.