hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nick Kotz
Nathan K. "Nick" Kotz (September 16, 1932 – April 26, 2020) was an American journalist, author, and historian.

His most recent book, The Harness Makers Dream: Nathan Kallison and the Rise of South Texas, tells the story of Ukrainian immigrant Nathan Kallison's journey to the United States.
He is best known for his 2005 book Judgment Days: Lyndon Baines Johnson, Martin Luther King Jr., and the Laws that Changed America chronicling the roles of US President Lyndon B. Johnson and Martin Luther King Jr. in the passage of the 1964, 1965, and 1968 civil rights laws. Kotz won a Pulitzer Prize for National Reporting in 1968 for his reporting of unsanitary conditions in many meat packing plants, which helped ensure the passage of the Wholesome Meat Act.

Wholesome Meat Act
The Wholesome Meat Act (also called "Equal To" law) is a United States federal law passed by the 90th United States Congressional session and enacted into law by United States President Lyndon B. Johnson on December 15, 1967, amending the Federal Meat Inspection Act of 1906 which established a statute for federal meat inspection programs. It requires that states have inspection programs "equal to" that of the federal government which are administered by the Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA).
Frontal horn cyst
A frontal horn cyst or connatal cyst is a cystic area in the brain.  It is sometimes found in newborn babies with an incidence rate of 0.4-6%. It is adjacent to the superolateral margin of the body and frontal horn of the lateral ventricles, and is believed to represent a normal variant with no effect on neurological development. On ultrasound imaging, the outward most part of the ventricles has rounded appearance, giving the cystic appearance.

Ultrasound
Ultrasound is sound with frequencies greater than 20 kilohertz. This frequency is the approximate upper audible limit of human hearing in healthy young adults. The physical principles of acoustic waves apply to any frequency range, including ultrasound. Ultrasonic devices operate with frequencies from 20 kHz up to several gigahertz.

Ultrasound is used in many different fields. Ultrasonic devices are used to detect objects and measure distances. Ultrasound imaging or sonography is often used in medicine. In the nondestructive testing of products and structures, ultrasound is used to detect invisible flaws. Industrially, ultrasound is used for cleaning, mixing, and accelerating chemical processes. Animals such as bats and porpoises use ultrasound for locating prey and obstacles.
Darke County, Ohio
Darke County is a county in the U.S. state of Ohio. As of the 2020 census, the population was 51,881. Its county seat and largest city is Greenville. The county was created in 1809 and later organized in 1817. It is named for William Darke, an officer in the American Revolutionary War. Darke County comprises the Greenville, OH Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Dayton-Springfield-Sidney, OH Combined Statistical Area.

Sidney, Ohio
Sidney is a city in Shelby County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. The population was 20,589 at the 2020 census. It is approximately 36 miles (58 km) north of Dayton and 100 miles (160 km) south of Toledo, and is a part of the Dayton metropolitan area. The city is named after English poet Philip Sidney, and many of Sidney's elementary schools are named after famous writers, including Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, and John Greenleaf Whittier. Sidney was the recipient of the 1964 All-America City Award. In 2009, it was the subject of the documentary film 45365.
THAP3
THAP domain-containing protein 3 (THAP3) is a protein that, in Homo sapiens (humans), is encoded by the THAP3 gene. The THAP3 protein is as known as MGC33488, LOC90326, and THAP domain-containing, apoptosis associated protein 3. This protein contains the Thanatos-associated protein (THAP) domain and a host-cell factor 1C binding motif. These domains allow THAP3 to influence a variety of processes, including transcription and neuronal development. THAP3 is ubiquitously expressed in H. sapiens, though expression is highest in the kidneys.

Thanatos
In Greek mythology, Thanatos (UK: /ˈθænətɒs/; Ancient Greek: Θᾰ́νᾰτος, Thánatos, pronounced in Ancient Greek: [tʰánatos] "Death", from θνῄσκω thnēskō "(I) die, am dying") was the personification of death. He was a minor figure in Greek mythology, often referred to but rarely appearing in person.

His name is transliterated in Latin as Thanatus, but his counterpart in Roman mythology is Mors or Letum.
Caroline Parmentier
Caroline Parmentier (French pronunciation: [kaʁɔlin paʁmɑ̃tje]; born 16 December 1965) is a French journalist, editor, public commentator and politician. A member of the National Rally (RN), she was elected as the deputy for the 9th constituency of the Pas-de-Calais department in the National Assembly in 2022.

Deputy (France)
Deputies (French: députés and députées, pronounced [depyte] ⓘ), also known in English as members of Parliament (MPs), are the legislators who sit in the National Assembly, the lower house of the French Parliament. The 17th and current legislature of the Fifth Republic has a total of 577 deputies, elected in 577 constituencies across metropolitan (539) and overseas France (27), as well as for French residents overseas (11).
Giovanni Battista Discepoli
Giovanni Battista Discepoli (1590–1660), also called "Lo Zoppo di Lugano" from his being a cripple, was a Swiss-Italian painter of the Baroque period, active mainly in Milan.

Born in Lugano, Switzerland, he was a pupil of the painter Camillo Procaccini. In Milan, he painted a Purgatory for the church of San Carlo, and an Adoration of the Magi originally painted for San Marcello is now in the Brera Gallery. Lugano also has some of his works; in the church of Santa Teresa at Como is a picture of that Saint. One of his pupils was Pompeo Ghiti from Brescia.

Pinacoteca di Brera
The Pinacoteca di Brera ("Brera Art Gallery") is the main public gallery for paintings in Milan, Italy. It contains one of the foremost collections of Italian paintings from the 13th to the 20th century, an outgrowth of the cultural program of the Brera Academy, which shares the site in the Palazzo Brera.
Khanqah of Faraj ibn Barquq
The Khanqah of Faraj ibn Barquq (Arabic: خانقاه فرج ابن برقوق) is an Islamic funerary complex that comprises a mosque (originally a khanqah) and two mausoleums, located in the Northern Cemetery of Cairo, Egypt. The complex was completed in 1410–1411 by the Mamluk sultan Faraj ibn Barquq. The complex is considered one of the most accomplished works of Mamluk architecture and one of the major monuments of Cairo's Northern Cemetery.

Mihrab
Mihrab (Arabic: محراب, miḥrāb, pl. محاريب maḥārīb) is a niche in the wall of a mosque that indicates the qibla, the direction of the Kaaba in Mecca towards which Muslims should face when praying. The wall in which a mihrab appears is thus the "qibla wall".

The minbar, which is the raised platform from which an imam (leader of prayer) addresses the congregation, is located to the right of the mihrab.
Back to Freedom and Dignity
Back to Freedom and Dignity is a philosophic work by American theologian and apologist Francis A. Schaeffer, Downers Grove:InterVarsity Press, first published in 1972. It is Book Four in Volume One of The Complete Works of Francis A. Schaeffer A Christian Worldview. Westchester, IL:Crossway Books, 1982.

Christian apologetics
Christian apologetics (Ancient Greek: ἀπολογία, "verbal defense, speech in defense") is a branch of Christian theology that defends Christianity.

Christian apologetics have taken many forms over the centuries, starting with Paul the Apostle in the early church and Patristic writers such as Origen, Augustine of Hippo, Justin Martyr and Tertullian, then continuing with writers such as Thomas Aquinas, Duns Scotus, William of Ockham and Anselm of Canterbury during Scholasticism.

Blaise Pascal was an active Christian apologist during the 17th century. In the modern period, Christianity was defended through the efforts of many authors such as John Henry Newman, G. K. Chesterton and C. S. Lewis, as well as G. E. M. Anscombe.
Gedahiguthi
Gedahiguthi  is a village development committee in Rautahat District in the Narayani Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 2637 people living in 430 individual households.

Narayani Zone
Narayani (Nepali: नारायणी अञ्चलListenⓘ) was one of the fourteen zones of Nepal until the restructuring of zones to Provinces, located in the central south of the country. The headquarter of Narayani zone was Hetauda. Narayani Zone is named after the Narayani River which is on the western border of the zone, separating it from the Gandaki and Lumbini zones. Narayani means beloved of Narayan which is Parvati his sister, and Narayan refers to Lord Vishnu (the preserver) in the Hindu religion.
George Louch
George Louch (1746–1811) was an English cricketer and match organiser during the 18th century. He was especially noted for his fielding and was an early stalwart of Marylebone Cricket Club.

He was a native of Chatham and educated at Westminster school. He played regularly for Chatham Cricket Club until 1773 and is not known to have played again until 1783. In all he made 134 recorded appearances in major matches. Only the Earl of Winchilsea (128) and William Bullen (119) were anywhere near his total when he retired.

In August 1789, it was reported in the press that Louch had been killed on the field by "a ball from the point of the bat, struck with such force that it lodged in his body". He survived the injury and was back in action the following season.

When Louch died, the Kentish Gazette of 7 May 1811 carried this notice: "Died April 29 at Ramsgate after a short illness, George Louch Esq, deeply regretted by all who knew him".

Kentish Gazette
The Kentish Gazette is a weekly newspaper serving the city of Canterbury, Kent. It is owned by KM Group and published on Thursdays. Its Canterbury and Whitstable editions are the only local papers covering the area.
Federação de Futebol do Distrito Federal
The Federação de Futebol do Distrito Federal (English: Football Association of Federal District) was founded on March 16, 1959, and it manages all the official football tournaments within the Brazilian Federal District, which are the Campeonato Brasiliense and the Campeonato Brasiliense lower levels, and represents the clubs at the Brazilian Football Confederation (CBF).

Federal District (Brazil)
The Federal District (Portuguese: Distrito Federal [dʒisˈtɾitu fedeˈɾaw] ⓘ) is one of 27 federative units of Brazil. Located in the Center-West Region, it is the smallest Brazilian federal unit and the only one that has no municipalities, being divided into 35 administrative regions. The federal capital of Brazil, Brasília, which is also the seat of government of the Federal District, is located in its territory. The Federal District is almost completely surrounded by the state of Goiás, but it shares a small border with Minas Gerais.
Trauma (Canadian TV series)
Trauma is a Canadian French language television medical drama series, which was broadcast from January 5, 2010 to April 2, 2014 on Ici Radio-Canada Télé. The series is set in the trauma unit of the fictional Hôpital Saint-Arsène in Montreal, Quebec.

Medical drama
A medical drama is a television movie or film in which events center upon a hospital, clinic, doctor's office, a paramedic, or any other medical topic or environment. Most recent medical dramatic programming goes beyond the events pertaining to the characters' jobs and portray some aspects of their personal lives. The longest running prime-time medical drama in the world is the British series Casualty, airing since 1986, and the longest running medical soap opera is General Hospital, running since 1963.
Ho, Why Is You Here?
Ho, Why Is You Here? is the debut commercial mixtape by American rapper Flo Milli. It was released on July 24, 2020, by '94 Sounds and RCA Records. All songs were written by Flo Milli alongside their producers.

The mixtape debuted and peaked at number 78 on the US Billboard 200. It was preceded by five singles: "Beef FloMix", "In the Party", "Not Friendly", "Like That Bitch" and "Weak". Critical responses were generally positive; Rolling Stone placed it on their list of the "200 Greatest Hip Hop Albums of All Time" (2022). The mixtape was followed up by Flo Milli's studio albums You Still Here, Ho? (2022) and Fine Ho, Stay (2024).

J. White Did It
Anthony Jermaine White (born December 17, 1984), known professionally as J. White Did It, is an American record producer, songwriter, and DJ from Blytheville, Arkansas. White has produced three Billboard Hot 100-number one singles: "Bodak Yellow" (2017) and "I Like It" (2018) both for Cardi B, as well as "Savage Remix" (2020) for Megan Thee Stallion. The latter won a Grammy Award, along with his 2018 production, "A Lot" by 21 Savage.
Mugulü
Mugulü (Chinese: 木骨閭; pinyin: Mùgǔlǘ) was a legendary warrior and chieftain in the Mongolian Plateau during the period when it was under the rule of tribes and peoples originating from the fragmentation of the failed and crumbling Xianbei confederation. The term "Mongol" is a likely derivation from his name.

Tribal chief
A tribal chief, chieftain, or headman is a political leader of a social group commonly described as a tribe, band, or confederation of tribes. Chiefs’ authority varies widely by society and context, and in many cases depends on consensus and customary legitimacy rather than coercive power. In anthropology, terms such as tribe, chief, and chiefdom have been used in comparative models of sociopolitical organization, but the analytic use of tribe has also been widely criticized as imprecise and historically burdened. In some contemporary states, forms of chiefly authority are formally recognized or regulated by constitutions and statutes.
Abell 209
Abell 209 is a galaxy cluster located in the constellation Cetus at a distance of about 3 billion light-years from Earth. Included in Abell catalogue compiled by George O. Abell in 1958, it has a wealth class 3 (clusters consisting of 130-199 galaxies), and is of type II-III in the Bautz–Morgan classification.

Abell 209 was one of 25 galaxy clusters studied with the Hubble Space Telescope during an observational campaign, called the Cluster Lensing and Supernova survey with Hubble (CLASH), over a three-and-a-half-year period, from 2010 to 2013. Its redshift has been recalculated, now estimated at z = 0.209 (previously 0.206).

Abell 209 is located in the vicinity of Abell 222, from which it is separated by a distance of about 19.2 megaparsecs (62.6 million light-years).

Cluster Lensing and Supernova survey with Hubble
The Cluster Lensing And Supernova survey with Hubble (CLASH) was a program on the Hubble Space Telescope to observe 25 massive galaxy clusters. CLASH was one of three programs selected (along with CANDELS and PHAT) in the first class of Hubble multi-cycle treasury programs, which were designed to tackle large questions unanswerable through normal observations. Observations for CLASH were conducted between November 2010 and July 2013. CLASH was led by principal investigator Marc Postman, and had a science team of over 40 researchers.

Primary observations for CLASH were conducted on the Hubble Space Telescope with the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) and Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3). Images were taken in 16 filters, which were selected to maximize the ability to detect distant galaxies behind each cluster. Twenty of the observed clusters were selected due to their relaxed morphology in X-ray observations, while the other five were chosen due to their strength as gravitational lenses.
Hanan (surname)
Hanan is a surname of Semitic origin. Notable people with the surname include:

Elizabeth Hanan (1937–2024), New Zealand local politician

Harry Hanan (1916–1982), British cartoonist

Josiah Hanan (1868–1954), New Zealand politician

Maurice Hanan, the namesake of the Hanan grid, a geometrical construction

Peter Hanan (1915–2008), New Zealand swimmer

Ralph Hanan (1909–1969), New Zealand politician, nephew of Josiah

Stephen Mo Hanan, American actor and performance artist

Ralph Hanan
Josiah Ralph Hanan (13 June 1909 – 24 July 1969), known as Ralph Hanan, was a New Zealand politician of the National Party. He was Mayor of Invercargill and then represented the Invercargill electorate in Parliament, following in his uncle Josiah Hanan's footsteps. He served in World War II and his injuries ultimately caused his death at age 60. He is best remembered for the abolition of the death penalty, which had been suspended by the Labour Party, but which National was to reintroduce. As Minister of Justice, it was Hanan's role to introduce the legislation to Parliament, but he convinced enough of his party colleagues to vote with the opposition and thus abolished the death penalty in New Zealand.
Perfecto de Castro
Perfecto "Perf" de Castro (born August 15, 1974) is a Filipino musician currently based in Los Angeles, California best known for having been a celebrated fixture in the Philippine alternative rock scene during the 1990s. During the course of that decade, he was one of the original members of the alternative rock band Rivermaya, founded the band Triaxis, and also collaborated with the seminal Filipino rapper Francis Magalona and Filipino hard rock band Wolfgang, all of which received critical and commercial acclaim.  Hailed as one of the best guitarists in the Philippines by fans and critics alike, de Castro is also known for being adept at classical and flamenco music played on the ten-string guitar.

Pinoy rock
Pinoy rock, or Filipino rock, is the brand of rock music produced in the Philippines or by Filipinos. It has become as diverse as the rock music genre itself, and bands adopting this style are now further classified under more specific genres or combinations of genres like alternative rock, post-grunge, ethnic, new wave, pop rock, punk rock, funk, reggae, heavy metal, ska, and recently, indie. Because these genres are generally considered to fall under the broad rock music category, Pinoy rock may be more specifically defined as rock music with Filipino cultural sensibilities.
Pakutia Public School and College
Pakutia Public School and College is an educational institution located at Ghatail Upazila of Tangail District in Bangladesh. Founded in 1952, the institution offers Secondary and Higher Secondary School Certificate. Jibunnesa is the current principal of the institution.

Kalinath Ghosh, a local resident, established a school called Pakutia M.E. School on 2 January 1915. The school came to be known as Pakutia Gana High School in 1945. The present school started its journey on 2 January 1952 and was officially recognized on 1 January 1953 by the then East Pakistan Education board.

Secondary School Certificate
Secondary School Certificate (SSC),  Secondary School Leaving Certificate (SSLC) or Matriculation examination, is a public examination in Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, Maldives and Nepal conducted by educational boards for the successful completion of the secondary education exam in these countries. Students of 10th grade/class ten can appear in these. It is equivalent to the year 10 of the GCSE in England or the first two years of high schools in United States.
Colne, Cambridgeshire
Colne is a village and civil parish in Cambridgeshire, England. Colne lies about 9 miles (14 km) east of Huntingdon; the villages of Bluntisham, Woodhurst, and Somersham are close by. Colne is situated within Huntingdonshire which is a non-metropolitan district of Cambridgeshire as well as being a historic county of England.

Council Tax
Council Tax is a local taxation system used in England, Scotland and Wales. It is a tax on domestic property, which was introduced in 1993 by the Local Government Finance Act 1992, replacing the short-lived Community Charge (also known as "poll tax"), which in turn had replaced the domestic rates. Each property is assigned one of eight bands in England and Scotland (A to H), or nine bands in Wales (A to I), based on property value, and the tax is set as a fixed amount for each band. The higher the band, the higher the tax. Some property is exempt from the tax, and some people are exempt from the tax, while some get a discount.

In 2011, the average annual levy on a property in England was £1,196 (equivalent to £1,841 in 2023). In 2014–15, the tax raised enough money to cover 24.3% of council expenditure.

Council Tax is difficult to avoid or evade and therefore has one of the highest collection rates of any tax, with in-year collection rates of 97.0% in 2014–15.
Göksu
The Göksu River (Turkish: Göksu Nehri), known in antiquity as the Calycadnus and in the Middle Ages as the Saleph, is a river on the Taşeli Plateau in southern Turkey. Its two sources arise in the Taurus Mountains—the northern in the Geyik Mountains and the southern in the Haydar Mountains—and meet south of Mut. The combined stream then flows south to the Göksu Delta in the Mediterranean Sea near Silifke.

Mut, Mersin
Mut is a municipality and district of Mersin Province, Turkey. Its area is 2,718 km2, and its population is 62,874 (2022).

Mut is a rural district at the foot of the Sertavul Pass on the road over the Taurus Mountains from Ankara and Konya to the Mediterranean coast at Anamur or Silifke. Mut is known for its special apricot variety, Mut şekerparesi, and a statue of a girl carrying a basket of them stands at the entrance to the town. The summer is hot and the people of Mut retreat to high meadows (so called yayla) even further up the mountainside. The forests up here are home to wild boar, and the Gezende reservoir on the Ermenek River is a welcome patch of blue in this dry district. The dam has a hydro-electric power station built in Romania.
Franki Russell
Frances Russell (born 24 July 1994) is a Filipina–New Zealand actress and beauty pageant contestant, who was appointed Miss Cosmo New Zealand 2024 and represented New Zealand at Miss Cosmo 2024.

Russell was appointed Miss Universe New Zealand 2024 and was to compete at Miss Universe 2024, but due to controversies of her career in acting and the cancellation of the Miss Universe New Zealand franchise, her title was removed.

In 2019, Russell moved to the Philippines to pursue a professional modelling career, and appeared as a housemate on Filipino reality television show, Pinoy Big Brother. She began acting in 2022, when she appeared in Ang Probinsyano. She was among the top 30 finalist in the Miss Universe United Arab Emirates 2021.

Ang Probinsyano
FPJ's Ang Probinsyano (international title: Brothers; lit. '"FPJ's The Provincial Man"') is a Philippine television drama action series broadcast by ABS-CBN and the Kapamilya Channel. The series is based on the 1996 Filipino film of the same title. Directed by Malu L. Sevilla, Avel E. Sunpongco, and Toto Natividad, it stars Coco Martin in the lead role.

The series aired on the network's Primetime Bida evening block and worldwide via The Filipino Channel (TFC) on September 28, 2015. The series concluded on August 12, 2022, with a total of nine seasons and 1,696 episodes. It is considered the longest-running drama series in ABS-CBN history.