hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Supersolvable arrangement
In mathematics, a supersolvable arrangement is a  hyperplane arrangement that has a maximal flag consisting of modular elements.  Equivalently, the intersection semilattice of the arrangement is a supersolvable lattice, in the sense of Richard P. Stanley. As shown by Hiroaki Terao, 
a complex hyperplane arrangement is supersolvable if and only if its complement is fiber-type.

Examples include arrangements associated with Coxeter groups of type A and B.

The Orlik–Solomon algebra of every supersolvable  arrangement is a Koszul algebra; whether the converse is true is an open problem.

Flag (linear algebra)
In mathematics, particularly in linear algebra, a flag is an increasing sequence of subspaces of a finite-dimensional vector space V. Here "increasing" means each is a proper subspace of the next (see filtration):

The term flag is motivated by a particular example resembling a flag: the zero point, a line, and a plane correspond to a nail, a staff, and a sheet of fabric.

If we write that dimVi = di then we have

where n is the dimension of V (assumed to be finite). Hence, we must have k ≤ n. A flag is called a complete flag if di = i for all i, otherwise it is called a partial flag.

A partial flag can be obtained from a complete flag by deleting some of the subspaces. Conversely, any partial flag can be completed (in many different ways) by inserting suitable subspaces.

The signature of the flag is the sequence (d1, ..., dk).
Malpur
Malpur is the name of:

Malpur Arkan, a village in Punjab, India

Malpur State, a defunct princely state (1466-1943) in present day Gujarat, India

Malpur, Aravalli, a census town in Gujarat, India

Malpur, Bachhrawan, a village in Uttar Pradesh, India

Malpur, Islamabad, a village near Islamabad, Pakistan

Malpur, Khiron, a village in Uttar Pradesh, India

Malpur, SBS Nagar, a village in Punjab State, India

Mal Pur, council in Pakistan

Malpur Arkan
Malpur Arkan is a small village in the Punjab located on the Banga Road, approximately halfway between Nawanshahr and Banga. The village is located in the district of Nawanshahr, Doaba. The village of Malpur Arkan is close to the villages of Mungowal, Khama, Kariha, Bhangalan and Khatkar Kalan.

The village is developing considerably with a newly developed Gurdwara and upgraded local school (10th grade). The village has a very tight community where everyone is known to each other which makes it a very special village.
SRX
SRX can refer to:

Singapore Real Estate Exchange

Cadillac SRX

Yamaha SRX motorcycles

Juniper Networks security product series

SRX expansion boards  by Roland

Segmentation Rules eXchange standard

Superstar Racing Experience, car racing series

Ghardabiya Airbase IATA code

Cadillac SRX
The Cadillac SRX is a mid-size luxury SUV and compact luxury crossover SUV manufactured and marketed by Cadillac over two generations: the first generation as a five-door, three-row, seven-passenger CUV (2003–2009), and the second generation as a five-door, two-row, five-passenger CUV (2010–2016) – the latter became Cadillac's best selling model in the United States.
Arsenal
An arsenal is a place where arms and ammunition are made, maintained and repaired, stored, or issued, in any combination, whether privately or publicly owned. Arsenal and armoury (British English) or armory (American English) are mostly regarded as synonyms, although subtle differences in usage exist.

A sub-armory is a place of temporary storage or carrying of weapons and ammunition, such as any temporary post or patrol vehicle that is only operational in certain times of the day.

Private property
Private property is a legal designation for the ownership of property by non-governmental legal entities. Private property is distinguishable from public property, which is owned by a state entity, and from collective or cooperative property, which is owned by one or more non-governmental entities. Private property is foundational to capitalism, an economic system based on the private ownership of the means of production and their operation for profit. As a legal concept, private property is defined and enforced by a country's political system.
16th Wisconsin Legislature
The Sixteenth Wisconsin Legislature convened from January 14, 1863, to April 2, 1863, in regular session.

Senators representing odd-numbered districts were newly elected for this session and were serving the first year of a two-year term. Assembly members were elected to a one-year term. Assembly members and even-numbered senators were elected in the general election of November 4, 1862. Senators representing even-numbered districts were serving the second year of their two-year term, having been elected in the general election held on November 5, 1861.

The governor of Wisconsin during this entire term was Republican Edward Salomon, of Manitowoc County, serving the second year of a two-year term, having won the 1861 lieutenant gubernatorial election, then having ascended to the gubernatorial office following the death of governor Louis P. Harvey in April 1862.

Edward Salomon
Edward Salomon (August 11, 1828 – April 21, 1909) was a Jewish American politician and the eighth governor of Wisconsin, having ascended to office from the lieutenant governorship after the accidental drowning of his predecessor, Louis P. Harvey.  He was the first Jewish governor of Wisconsin.
Charles Wray
Charles Wray (c. 1786 – 2 October 1836) was Chief Justice of Guyana for fourteen years from 1821 to 1835, having been a barrister in England.

Wray was the son of Colonel John Wray, of Park Place, St James's, formerly of Hull, and the brother of another John Wray, the Receiver of the Metropolitan Police from 1829 to 1860. He was educated at Shrewsbury, then took a B.A. (1807) and M.A. (1810) from Trinity College, Cambridge.

He was called to the bar in 1811 from Lincoln's Inn, and worked on the Northern Circuit; he was then nominated Recorder of Hull. In 1821, he was appointed Chief Justice of Guyana, and served in this capacity until 1835. He was also a Lieutenant Colonel on the staff of the George Town Brigade of Militia. Shortly after his retirement, Wray died, on 2 October 1836. His son, Lieutenant-General Henry Wray C.M.G., was an engineer and Lieutenant Governor of Jersey.

Northern Circuit
The Northern Circuit is a circuit of the General Council of the Bar and English judiciary.

The Northern Circuit stretches from Carlisle in Cumberland at its northernmost point, running through Lakeland to the port of Whitehaven in the West, on through Preston and Burnley in Lancashire to Manchester, Liverpool and Chester.

It has chambers in Cheshire, Liverpool, Manchester, and Preston.
Athletics at the 1972 Summer Olympics – Women's shot put
The women's shot put field event at the 1972 Olympic Games took place on September 4 & 7.  Nadezhda Chizhova was very disappointed with her bronze medal finish in 1968 Olympics.  She has won the (1966, 1969 and the 1971) European Athletics Championships.  Since 1968 she has broken the world record six times.  The only threat for the gold medal came from Margitta Gummel the defending Olympic Champion.

Margitta Gummel
Margitta Gummel (née Helmbold, 29 June 1941 – 26 January 2021) was a German Olympic gold medal-winning shot putter. She competed for the Unified German team in the 1964 Summer Olympics, East Germany in the 1968 Summer Olympics, and East Germany again at the 1972 Summer Olympics. She had a long rivalry with Nadezhda Chizhova of the Soviet Union.
Speedy J
Jochem George Paap (born 14 February 1969, in Rotterdam), known by his stage name Speedy J, is a Dutch electronic music producer based in Rotterdam. His breakthrough came with the release in 1992 of the minimal techno track "Pullover". He released music as part of Warp Records' Artificial Intelligence series in the 1990s, including his debut LP Ginger (1993).

Minimal techno
Minimal techno is a subgenre of techno music. It is characterized by a stripped-down aesthetic that exploits the use of repetition and understated development. Minimal techno is thought to have been originally developed in the early 1990s by Detroit-based producers Robert Hood and Daniel Bell.

By the early 2000s the term "minimal" generally described a style of techno that was popularized in Germany by labels such as Kompakt, Perlon, and Richie Hawtin's M-nus, among others.
2031 Pan American Games
The 2031 Pan American Games (Spanish: Juegos Panamericanos de 2031), officially the XXI Pan American Games (Spanish: XXI Juegos Panamericanos) and commonly known as Asunción 2031, is an upcoming international multi-sport event governed by the Panam Sports Organization, to be held in Asunción, Paraguay. It will be the first Pan American Games to be held in Paraguay, and the tenth to be held in South America.

Multi-sport event
A multi-sport event is an organized sporting event, often held over multiple days, featuring competition in many different sports among organized teams of athletes from (mostly) nation-states. The first major, modern, multi-sport event of international significance was the Olympic Games, first held in modern times in 1896 in Athens, Greece, and inspired by the ancient Olympic Games, one of a number of such events held in antiquity. Most modern multi-sport events have the same basic structure. Games are held over the 
course of several days in and around a "host city", which changes for each competition. Countries send national teams to each competition, consisting of individual athletes and teams that compete in a wide variety of sports.  Athletes or teams are awarded gold, silver or bronze medals for first, second and third place respectively. Each game is generally held every four years, though some are annual competitions.
2023 Țiriac Foundation Trophy – Singles
Astra Sharma won the title, defeating Sara Errani in the final, 0–6, 7–5, 6–2.

This was the second edition of the tournament as a WTA 125. Irina-Camelia Begu was the reigning champion but chose not to participate.

WTA 125 tournaments
WTA 125 tournaments are an international series of professional women's tennis tournaments organized by the Women's Tennis Association since 2012.
Also called the WTA Challengers (analogous to the trademarked men's ATP Challenger Tour), the WTA 125 is the second highest level of women's competition, below the top-tier WTA Tour, and above the ITF Women's World Tennis Tour tournaments.

Players who succeed in the WTA 125 tournaments earn sufficient overall WTA ranking points to become eligible for the main draw or qualifying draw entry of WTA Tour tournaments. Results such as titles won at a WTA 125 event are separately counted from the same player's achievements at WTA Tour level tournaments. However match results from WTA 125 events are counted and added into WTA players' overall head-to-head win/loss statistics.
Sphere (album)
Sphere is an album by the American jazz group Sphere. It was recorded on October 4, 1997, in New York City and New Jersey, and was released in 1998 by Verve. The album features saxophonist Gary Bartz, replacing original band member Charlie Rouse, who died in 1988, pianist Kenny Barron, bassist Buster Williams, and drummer Ben Riley. Sphere was the group's first album since 1988's Bird Songs.

Charlie Rouse
Charlie Rouse (April 6, 1924 – November 30, 1988) was an American hard bop tenor saxophonist and flautist. His career is marked by his collaboration with Thelonious Monk, which lasted for more than ten years.
Diyasaru Park
Diyasaru Park (formerly known as Thalawathugoda Wetland Park or Thalawathugoda Biodiversity Study Park), is 60 acre urban wetland park located in Thalawathugoda area of Sri Jayawardanapura, Colombo District, Sri Lanka. It comprises a range of wetland habitats such as marshes, flooded woodlands, lakes, and ponds. It is governed by Sri Lanka Land Reclamation and Development Corporation.

The park was officially opened and relaunched to the public on 3 October 2017. It is open 6 days of the week from Monday to Saturday from 6am-6pm.

Colombo District
Colombo District (Sinhala: කොළඹ දිස්ත්‍රික්කය kol̠am̆ba distrikkaya; Tamil: கொழும்பு மாவட்டம் Koḻumpu Māvaṭṭam) is one of the 25 districts of Sri Lanka, the second level administrative division of the country. The district is administered by a District Secretariat headed by a District Secretary (previously known as a Government Agent) appointed by the central government of Sri Lanka. The capital of the district is the city of Colombo. The district of Colombo was officially recorded in 2016 as having the highest income on average, per household. There are smaller places like Kottawa
Rymes with Orange
Rymes with Orange is a Canadian alternative rock band which formed in 1991 in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. This independent band have released four albums: Peel (1992), Trapped in the Machine (1994), Crash (1999), and One More Mile (2003). They have had three Top 10 singles on Canadian Rock Radio, with sales of over 70,000 units worldwide, and have toured Canada, New Zealand, the U.S. and the U.K., all while maintaining independent status.

Kim Bingham
Kim Anna Bingham, also known by her stage names Mudgirl and The Kim Band, is a Canadian singer, guitarist, composer, songwriter and musician. She is known for her musical collaborations with Nelly Furtado, Bran Van 3000, and David Usher.
Janne Kanerva
Janne Nikodemus Kanerva (born (1970-07-29)29 July 1970 in Kankaanpää) is a Finnish male weightlifter, competing in the 105 kg category and representing Finland at international competitions. He participated at the 1992 Summer Olympics in the 90 kg event and at the 1996 Summer Olympics in the 108 kg event. He competed at world championships, most recently at the 1998 World Weightlifting Championships.

Weightlifting at the 1996 Summer Olympics – Men's 108 kg
These are the results of the men's 108 kg competition in weightlifting at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta.  A total number of 24 athletes entered this event. The weightlifter from Ukraine won the gold, with a combined lift of 430 kg.
2018 Wimbledon Championships – Girls' singles
Iga Świątek defeated Leonie Küng in the final, 6–4, 6–2 to win the girls' singles tennis title at the 2018 Wimbledon Championships. Świątek went on to win the ladies' singles title in 2025.

Claire Liu was the defending champion, but chose not to compete in the junior event. She received a wildcard into the qualifying competition and won three matches to qualify for the main draw before losing to eventual champion Angelique Kerber in the second round; she was the only player in the tournament to win a set against Kerber.

This tournament featured a second-round match between Emma Raducanu and Leylah Fernandez; the pair would later face off in the women's final of the 2021 US Open. Raducanu won this encounter before losing to Świątek in the quarterfinals.

Mananchaya Sawangkaew
Mananchaya Sawangkaew (Thai: มนัญชญา สว่างแก้ว; born 10 July 2002) is a tennis player from Thailand.
She has a career-high singles ranking of world No. 100 by the WTA, achieved on 9 June 2025, and a best doubles ranking of No. 442, achieved on 8 December 2023. Sawangkaew has won three singles titles and two doubles title on the ITF Women's Circuit. She is currently the No. 2 Thai player.
Heater shield
The heater shield or heater-shaped shield is a form of European medieval shield, developing from the early medieval kite shield in the late 12th century in response to the declining importance of the shield in combat thanks to improvements in leg armour.  The term is a neologism, created by Victorian antiquarians due to the shape's resemblance to a clothes iron. Examples are depicted in the great seal of Richard I and John, King of England.

Clothes iron
A clothes iron, also known as a flatiron, smoothing iron, dry iron, steam iron, and simply iron, is a small appliance that, when heated, is used to press clothes to remove wrinkles and unwanted creases. Domestic irons generally range in operating temperature from 121 °C (250 °F) to 182 °C (360 °F). It is named for the metal (iron) of which the device was historically made, and the use of it is generally called ironing, the final step in the process of laundering clothes.

Ironing works by loosening the ties between the long chains of molecules that exist in polymer fiber materials. With the heat and the weight of the ironing plate, the fibers are stretched and the fabric maintains its new shape when cool. Some materials, such as cotton, require the use of water to loosen the intermolecular bonds.
Ajet Sopi Bllata
Ajet Sopi Bllata (1861–1938) was an Albanian rebel  from the village of Jabllanica, in present-day Bujanovac municipality, then part of the Ottoman Empire. From the age of 17 to that of 53, he fought as a kachak against Serbian interests in the Kosovo Vilayet. He spend his later life in the Kavajë area where many Kosovo Albanian refugees settled after Serbia annexed Kosovo in 1912.

Kavajë
Kavajë (/kɑːˈvaɪə/ ⓘ kah-VY-ə, Albanian definite form: Kavaja) is a city and municipality centrally located in the Western Lowlands region of Albania, in Tirana County. It borders Durrës to the north 17 km (11 mi), Tiranë to the east 27 km (17 mi) and Rrogozhinë to the south 15 km (9 mi). To the west lies the Adriatic Sea. According on the 2023 census, the municipality had a population of 30,012, although the Civil Registry inferred the total number of inhabitants to be 79,556. The overall surface area is 199.00 square kilometres (76.83 sq mi).
2017 Santiago Challenger
The 2017 Santiago Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the third edition of the tournament which was part of the 2017 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Santiago, Chile between 13 and 18 November 2017.

Santiago Challenger
The Santiago Challenger, also known as Movistar Open by Cachantún for sponsorship reasons, was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was currently part of the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour. It was held in Vitacura, Santiago Metropolitan Region, Chile in 2015, 2016 and in 2017.
M31-RV
M31-RV is a possible red cataclysmic variable star located in the Andromeda Galaxy (M31) that experienced an outburst in 1988, which was similar to the outburst V838 Monocerotis experienced in 2002. At peak brightness, M31-RV was the most luminous red supergiant in the Local Group. Such objects have been called luminous red novae or intermediate-luminosity red transients. During the outburst, both V838 Mon and M31-RV reached a maximum absolute visual magnitude of -9.8.

In 2006, the area around M31-RV was observed using the Hubble Space Telescope, but only red giants were seen. Most likely the star either became too dim for Hubble to see, the star is a companion of one of the red giants, or the star is one of the red giants themselves.

M31-RV reached a peak visual magnitude of 17 before fading rapidly and showing dust formation. The most likely explanation states that these outbursts occur during stellar merger events.

Stellar collision
A stellar collision is the coming together of two stars caused by stellar dynamics within a star cluster, or by the orbital decay of a binary star due to stellar mass loss or gravitational radiation, or by other mechanisms not yet well understood.

Any stars in the universe can collide, whether they are "alive", meaning fusion is still active in the star, or "dead", with fusion no longer taking place. White dwarf stars, neutron stars, black holes, main sequence stars, giant stars, and supergiants are very different in type, mass, temperature, and radius, and accordingly produce different types of collisions and remnants.
Bure, Illubabor
Bure is a town in south-western Ethiopia.  Located in the Illubabor Zone of the Oromia Region, in the highlands north of the canyon of the Baro River, this town has a latitude and longitude of 8°17′N 35°6′E﻿ / ﻿8.283°N 35.100°E﻿ / 8.283; 35.100 and an elevation of 1730 meters. It is one of two settlements in Bure woreda.

Explorer H.H. Austin spent two weeks convalescing at Bure from an illness he contracted after following the Baro river upstream from Sudan and climbing up the slopes of the canyon of the Baro.

According to Richard Pankhurst, Bure lay on the trade route between the Kingdom of Jimma and the Blue Nile, and had markets three days a week where a considerable trade was carried out in ivory, civet, wax, honey, coffee, raw cotton, shemmas, tef, and various grains. Its importance increased in the 1920s and 1930s. By 1918, Bure was equipped with a telegraph station.

Richard Pankhurst (historian)
Richard Keir Pethick Pankhurst OBE (3 December 1927 – 16 February 2017) was a British scholar who was a founding member of the Institute of Ethiopian Studies and professor at the University of Addis Ababa in Ethiopia. His books have been reviewed in scholarly journals, with Edward Ullendorff calling his The Ethiopians testimony to his "remarkable diligence and industry in the service of Ethiopian studies". He is known for his research on economic history and socio-cultural studies on Ethiopia.
Taimei Elementary School
Chuo Municipal Taimei Elementary School (中央区立泰明小学校, Chūō-kuritsu Taimei Shōgakkō) is a public elementary school in Ginza, Chuo, Tokyo. It is operated by the Chuo City Board of Education (中央区教育委員会).

It has a plaque for Heritage of Industrial Modernization. Another plaque stated that the façade, which has ivy, is seen as a symbol in Ginza.

The school's attendance boundary includes the following portions of Ginza: All of 5-8 chome, and parts of 1-chome (2-10-ban, and two lots of 11-ban), 2-chome (2-9 ban), 3-chome (2-8 ban), and 4-chome (1-8 ban).

Hedera
Hedera, commonly called ivy (plural ivies), is a genus of 12–15 species of evergreen climbing or ground-creeping woody plants in the family Araliaceae, native to Western Europe, Central Europe, Southern Europe, Macaronesia, northwestern Africa and across central-southern Asia east to Japan and Taiwan. Several species are cultivated as climbing ornamentals, and the name ivy especially denotes common ivy (Hedera helix), known in North America as "English ivy", which is frequently planted to clothe brick walls.
Brigady 2
Brigady 2 (Russian: Бригады № 2) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Politotdelskoye Rural Settlement, Nikolayevsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 19 as of 2010. There are 2 streets.

Nikolayevsky District, Volgograd Oblast
Nikolayevsky District (Russian: Никола́евский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the thirty-three in Volgograd Oblast, Russia. As a municipal division, it is incorporated as Nikolayevsky Municipal District. It is located in the northeast of the oblast. The area of the district is 3,440 square kilometers (1,330 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Nikolayevsk. Population: 32,034 (2010 Census); 34,285 (2002 Census); 35,145 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Nikolayevsk accounts for 47.1% of the district's total population.