hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battalion (United States Army)
A battalion is a military unit used by the United States Army since it was first formed. It has traditionally been commanded by a lieutenant colonel, assisted by a command sergeant major as the highest-ranking non-commissioned officer (NCO). With a dedicated headquarters unit and supporting military staff, the battalion is considered the smallest unit capable of independent operation due to its organic administrative and logistical capabilities.

Battalions are typically composed of between four and seven companies, with between 300 and 1,200 soldiers total. In the past, several battalions would be grouped together to form a regiment, but from the middle of the 20th century on they have instead been grouped into brigades or brigade combat teams. In recent years, the US Army has made use of battalion-sized task forces customized around specific missions.

An equivalent-sized unit of cavalry (including modern cavalry) is referred to as a squadron.

Headquarters unit
A headquarters unit is a specialised military unit formed around the headquarters of a  commanding officer and the requirements of that position. As such, a headquarters unit is always a component of a larger unit.

Examples include:

headquarters battalion  (controlling a regiment, brigade or larger unit);

headquarters company (military unit) (controlling a battalion);

headquarters platoon (controlling a company)

Specific examples include:

Headquarters and headquarters company (US Army)

Headquarters and service company (US Marine Corps)
Salkay Island
Salkay Island, or Salkay Aryta, is an island in the Laptev Sea. It is located on the western side of the Olenek Bay, about 40 kilometres (25 mi) to the WNW from the Olenek Delta. Its length is 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) and its maximum breadth 3 kilometres (1.9 mi). The name of this island can be also spelt as "Salkhay" and "Salkyy".

Only 1.5 kilometres (0.93 mi) to the north there is another island, Orto Ary. It is slightly smaller, 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) long and 2.7 kilometres (1.7 mi) wide.

Daldalakh is an island immediately north of Orto-Ary which is almost attached to the mainland, separated from it by a very narrow canal on its northwestern side. Daldalakh is 5.5 kilometres (3.4 mi) long and 3.3 kilometres (2.1 mi) wide.

The area where these islands lie is subject to severe Arctic weather with frequent gales and blizzards. The sea around these islands is frozen for about nine months every year so that they all are merged with the mainland most of the time.

Olenyok (river)
The Olenyok (Russian: Оленёк, sometimes spelled Оленек, Olenek; Yakut: Өлөөн, Ölöön) is a major river in northern Siberian Russia, west of the lower Lena and east of the Anabar. It is 2,292 kilometres (1,424 mi) long, of which around 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) is navigable. Average water discharge is 1,210 cubic metres per second (43,000 cu ft/s).

The Olenyok is known for its abundance in fish. It is frozen for over eight months every year and the climate in its area is harsh because of the direct influence of the Arctic.
Chapel (character)
Chapel (Bruce Stinson) is a supervillain/antihero character appearing in comics published by Rob Liefeld, who created the character in 1992 as a member of the government superhero group Youngblood for their series of the same name published by Extreme Studios.

Rob Liefeld
Robert Liefeld (/ˈlaɪfɛld/; born October 3, 1967) is an American comic book creator. A prominent writer and artist in the 1990s, he is known for co-creating the character Cable with writer Louise Simonson and the character Deadpool with writer Fabian Nicieza. In the early 1990s, Liefeld gained popularity due to his work on Marvel Comics' The New Mutants and later X-Force. In 1992, he and several other popular Marvel illustrators left the company to found Image Comics, which started a wave of comic books owned by their creators rather than by publishers. The first book published by Image Comics was Liefeld's Youngblood #1.

Liefeld has been called one of the most controversial figures in the comic industry for his drawing skills, business practices, and controversial comments.
Afro tech
Afro tech (also Afro-tech or AfroTech) is a sub-genre of afro house which originates and is predominantly made in South Africa. It emerged in the 2010s. South African DJs and music producers who popularized the genre include Black Coffee, Culoe De Song, Bekzin Terris, Euphonik ( DJ Themba), Punk Mbedzi, DJ Tira, Zakes Bantwini, Shimza and Da Capo.

Zulu language
Zulu (/ˈzuːluː/ ZOO-loo), or isiZulu as an endonym, is a Southern Bantu language of the Nguni branch spoken in, and indigenous to, Southern Africa with about 13.56 million native speakers, who primarily inhabit the province of KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa. The word "KwaZulu-Natal" translates into English as "Home of the Zulu Nation is Natal". Zulu is the most widely spoken home language in South Africa (24% of the population), and it is understood by over 50% of its population. It became one of South Africa's 12 official languages in 1994.

According to Ethnologue, it is the second-most widely spoken of the Bantu languages, after Swahili. Like many other Bantu languages, it is written with the Latin alphabet.

In South African English, the language is often referred to in its native form, isiZulu.
Ramazzini
Ramazzini is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bernardino Ramazzini - Italian physician (1633 – 1714)
Collegium Ramazzini academy of occupational and environmental health named after Bernardino

Álvaro Leonel Ramazzini Imeri - Guatemalan Bishop, born 1947

Collegium Ramazzini
The Collegium Ramazzini is an independent, international academy composed of physicians, scientists, and scholars from 35 countries. Through its members and activities, it seeks to advance occupational and environmental health by bridging scientific knowledge with socio-political centers that have the responsibility to protect public health.  The organization is named after physician Bernardino Ramazzini (1633–1714), known as "the father of occupational medicine."

The Collegium Ramazzini is governed by an elected executive committee composed of a president, secretary general, treasurer, and six other fellows. Four individuals have served as the academy's president: Irving J. Selikoff, MD (1982–1992); Eula Bingham, PhD (1993–1997); Phillip J. Landrigan, MD, MSc (1998–2021); and Melissa McDiarmid, MD, MPH, DABT (2022 to present). The organization's by-laws allow for 180 active fellows with an unlimited number of emeritus fellows.
Fafa's
Fafa's is a Finnish fast food restaurant chain founded in 2011, serving falafel, pita and salads. The chain has 40 restaurants in Finland, two in Sweden and one each in Estonia and in the United Kingdom. The Fafa's restaurants work on a franchising principle. Fafa's is the first completely carbon-neutral restaurant chain in Finland.

The first Fafa's restaurant was opened in Punavuori, Helsinki, in December 2011. As well as Helsinki, the chain has restaurants in Espoo, Vantaa, Turku, Seinäjoki, Tampere, Oulu, Lahti, Jyväskylä, Lappeenranta, Oulu, Raisio, Hyvinkää, Tallinn, Stockholm and London.

In Finland, Fafa's is a popular employer for foreign immigrants, as it does not require its employees to speak Finnish. All Fafa's restaurants are completely English-speaking down to the branding and the menu, and only about 10 to 15 percent of Fafa's employees are ethnic Finns.

Raisio
Raisio (Finnish: [ˈrɑi̯sio]; Swedish: Reso) is a town in Finland, located in the Southwest Finland region. It lies north of the regional capital, Turku. The population of Raisio is approximately 26,000, while the sub-region has a population of approximately 353,000. It is the 40th most populous municipality in Finland, and the third largest municipality in the Southwest Finland region after Turku and Kaarina.

The town of Raisio has a land area of 48.76 km2 (18.83 sq mi), and has about 5 kilometres (3 mi) of coastline to the Bay of Raisio at its southern tip.

The coat of arms of Raisio is inspired by Martin of Tours, the patron saint of the medieval stone church of Raisio parish. The coat of arms was designed by Olof Eriksson and approved for use on 23 April 1954.
Bob Turner (cricketer, born 1885)
Robert Frewen Turner (15 July 1885 – 15 February 1959) was an English cricketer active from 1909 to 1911 who played for Leicestershire. He was born in Leicester and died in Darlington. He appeared in twenty first-class matches as a righthanded batsman who scored 525 runs with a highest score of 41 and took nine wickets with a best performance of two for 2.

Darlington
Darlington is a market town in the Borough of Darlington, County Durham, England. It lies on the River Skerne, 13 miles (21 km) west of Middlesbrough and 17 miles (27 km) south of Durham. Darlington had a population of 107,800 at the 2021 Census, making it a "large town" and one of the largest settlements in North East England. The town is linked to London, Leeds, York, Newcastle and Edinburgh by the East Coast Main Line railway and the A1 road.
2024–25 Colgate Raiders men's basketball team
The 2024–25 Colgate Raiders men's basketball team represented Colgate University in the 2024–25 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Raiders, led by 14th-year head coach Matt Langel, played their home games at Cotterell Court located in Hamilton, New York as members of the Patriot League. They finished the season 14–19, 10–8 in Patriot League play to finish in a tie for third place. They defeated Army in the quarterfinals of the Patriot League tournament before losing to American in the semifinals. As a result, and for the first time since 2018, the Raiders failed to qualify for the NCAA tournament.

2017–18 Colgate Raiders men's basketball team
The 2017–18 Colgate Raiders men's basketball team represented Colgate University during the 2017–18 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Raiders, led by seventh-year head coach Matt Langel, played their home games at Cotterell Court in Hamilton, New York as members of the Patriot League. They finished the season 19–14, 12–6 in Patriot League play to finish in second place. They defeated Lafayette and Holy Cross to advance to the championship game of the Patriot League tournament where they lost to Bucknell. They were invited to the College Basketball Invitational where they lost in the first round to San Francisco.
Testify (Phil Collins album)
Testify is the seventh solo studio album by the English musician Phil Collins, released on 11 November 2002. The album debuted at No. 30 on the US Billboard 200, which was also the album's peak position. It was the second Phil Collins studio album where no track peaked within the American top 40 singles chart. It was also his lowest charting album in the UK, becoming his only solo effort not to reach the top 5. However, the album achieved success in some countries of Continental Europe. It is his second album not to be co-produced by Hugh Padgham, who co-produced Collins' most successful albums.

Despite the shortage of success the album achieved, his subsequent First Final Farewell Tour proved to be very popular.

The album was reissued as a deluxe edition on CD, vinyl and digital on 15 April 2016, including a new second disc with bonus tracks.

Hugh Padgham
Hugh Charles Padgham (/ˌpædʒɛm/; born 15 February 1955) is an English record producer and audio engineer. He has won four Grammy Awards, for Producer of the Year and Album of the Year for 1985, Record of the Year for 1990, and Engineer of the Year for 1993. Padgham's co-productions include hits by Phil Collins, XTC, Genesis, the Human League, Sting, and the Police. He pioneered (with Peter Gabriel and producer Steve Lillywhite) the "gated reverb" drum sound used most famously in Collins' song "In the Air Tonight".
Tennessee's 9th congressional district
Tennessee's 9th congressional district is a congressional district in West Tennessee, covering most of Memphis and its inner suburbs. It has been represented by Democrat Steve Cohen since 2007.

The district was re-created as a result of the redistricting cycle after the 1980 census. The district is almost exclusively urban, due to its mostly cohabitant nature with Memphis.

Memphis is recognized worldwide for being the hub for FedEx. Largely due to FedEx's presence, Memphis International Airport handles more cargo than any other airport in the country. Memphis is also known for blues music, Beale Street, and barbecue.

It is the only majority minority congressional district in Tennessee. With a Cook Partisan Voting Index rating of D+23, it is the only Democratic district in Tennessee. Since 1875, the area has sent mostly Democrats to Congress with the exception of a brief period from 1967 to 1975 when it was represented by Republican Dan Kuykendall.

Cook Partisan Voting Index
The Cook Partisan Voting Index, abbreviated PVI or CPVI, is a measurement of the partisanship of a U.S. congressional district or U.S. state. This partisanship is indicated as lean towards either the Republican Party or the Democratic Party, compared to the nation as a whole, based on how that district or state voted in the previous two presidential elections.
Sidney Graham
Sidney West Graham is a mathematician interested in analytic number theory and professor at Central Michigan University. He received his Ph.D., which was supervised by Hugh Montgomery, from the University of Michigan in 1977. In his Ph.D. thesis he lowered the upper bound for Linnik's constant to 36 and subsequently reduced the bound further to 20.

Analytic number theory
In mathematics, analytic number theory is a branch of number theory that uses methods from mathematical analysis to solve problems about the integers. It is often said to have begun with Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet's 1837 introduction of Dirichlet L-functions to give the first proof of Dirichlet's theorem on arithmetic progressions. It is well known for its results on prime numbers (involving the Prime Number Theorem and Riemann zeta function) and additive number theory (such as the Goldbach conjecture and Waring's problem).
Ummidia richmond
Ummidia richmond is a species of spider in the family Halonoproctidae. It is endemic to Florida.

The specific name richmond is taken from the endangered pine rockland habitat around Naval Air Station Richmond, and is now known as the Richmond Tract.

Naval Air Station Richmond
The Naval Lighter Than Air Station Richmond was a South Florida military installation about 18 miles (29 km) south of Miami and 3.5 miles (5.6 km) west of US 1. It was an active air base during World War II.

Since 1948, the University of Miami has used it as a research facility and storage area.
Pilar Zabala Aguirre
Pilar Zabala Aguirre (Legazpi, Gipuzkoa, 13 October 1951) is a Spanish researcher, writer, and professor at the Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán. Her research interests include taxation in Castile during the 16th century, the colonial history of Yucatán, and the culture of the Basque exile generated by the Spanish Civil War of 1936.

Vera Tiesler
Vera Tiesler is a bioarchaeologist, and a full research professor in the department of Anthroprological Sciences at the Autonomous University of Yucatán in Mexico. She is a specialist in Maya civilization remains.
Tomtor, Tattinsky District, Sakha Republic
Tomtor (Russian: Томтор; Yakut: Томтор) is a rural locality (a selo), the only inhabited locality, and the administrative center of Bayaginsky Rural Okrug of Tattinsky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia, located 60 kilometers (37 mi) from Ytyk-Kyuyol, the administrative center of the district. Its population as of the 2010 Census was 1,051, of whom 519 were male and 532 female, up from 1,013 as recorded during the 2002 Census.

Yakut language
The Yakut language (/jəˈkuːt/ yə-KOOT), also known as the Sakha language (/səˈxɑː/ sə-KHAH) or Yakutian, is a Siberian Turkic language spoken by around 450,000 native speakers—primarily by ethnic Yakuts. It is one of the official languages of the Sakha Republic, a republic in the Russian Federation.

The Yakut language has a large number of loanwords of Mongolic origin, a layer of vocabulary of unclear origin, as well as numerous recent borrowings from Russian. Like other Turkic languages, Yakut is an agglutinative language and features vowel harmony.
Solomon Yearby
Solomon Uriah Yearby (born April 7, 1981 in Birmingham, Alabama) is an American model and basketball player.

Yearby began modeling after hearing a radio advertisement for a Christian modeling agency. He is also a professional American basketball player, playing in the International Basketball League (IBL) for the Eugene Chargers, and in the American Basketball Association (ABA). He has played in the Euroleague, representing countries such as Germany, Italy, Spain, and Sweden, and played college basketball at Campbell University.

Eugene Chargers
The Eugene Chargers were a team in the International Basketball League based in Eugene, Oregon. The team was coached by Kenya Wilkins and played home games at Northwest Christian University's Morse Events Center. Founded in 2006, the team did not compete in the 2008 IBL season.
Phyllonorycter muelleriella
Phyllonorycter muelleriella is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is found from the Baltic States to the Pyrenees, Italy and Greece and from Great Britain to central and southern Russia.

The wingspan is about 8 millimetres (0.31 in). Adults are on wing in May and again in August in two generations per year.

The larvae feed on Quercus cerris, Quercus petraea, Quercus pubescens and Quercus robur species. They mine the leaves of their host plant.

Quercus pubescens
Quercus pubescens (synonyms virgiliana), commonly known as the downy oak, pubescent oak or Italian oak, is a species of white oak (genus Quercus sect. Quercus) native to southern Europe and southwest Asia. It is found from northern Spain (Pyrenees) and France in the West to Turkey and the Caucasus in the East.
The Sinking Ship The Grand Applause
"The Sinking Ship The Grand Applause" is the fifteenth episode of the fourth season and 81st episode overall from the Fox series Gotham. The show is itself based on the characters created by DC Comics set in the Batman mythology. The episode was written by Seth Boston and directed by Nick Copus. It was first broadcast on March 22, 2018.

In the episode, Jim Gordon and Harvey Bullock are intent on finding Oswald Cobblepot's accountant, who may have information regarding Sofia Falcone. With the conflict between Cobblepot and Sofia arising, Cobblepot is trying to form alliances to win the war but Edward Nygma gets stuck in the conflict. Meanwhile, Bruce helps Selina with a debt of her while Barbara Kean begins suffering the effect of the Lazarus Pit.

The episode shares a title with a song by the band The Paper Chase from Dallas, Texas.

Nathan Darrow
Nathan Darrow (born 1976 or 1977) is an American actor known for his role as Secret Service agent Edward Meechum in House of Cards, John Custer in Preacher, Mick Danzig in Billions, Andrew Madoff in The Wizard of Lies, and as Victor Fries/Mr. Freeze in Gotham.
2025 Rafa Nadal Open
The 2025 Rafa Nadal Open was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the seventh edition of the tournament which was part of the 2025 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Manacor, Spain between 26 August and 1 September 2025.

Alberto Barroso Campos
Alberto Barroso Campos (born 4 June 1996) is a Spanish tennis player.

Barroso Campos has a career high ATP singles ranking of world No. 316 achieved on 5 August 2024 and a career high doubles ranking of No. 202 achieved on 5 January 2026.

Barroso Campos played college tennis at South Florida.
Tacoma Building (Chicago)
The Tacoma Building was an early skyscraper in Chicago. Completed in 1889, it was the first major building designed by the architectural firm Holabird & Roche. The Tacoma Building was demolished in 1929 to be replaced by One North LaSalle.

A pioneering building of the Chicago School, it uses a framework of iron and steel constructed by George A. Fuller with, for the first time, all its members fixed together by rivets. While internally still supported by load-bearing walls, the two facades towards LaSalle Street and Madison Street are true curtain walls. With this, Holabird & Roche's structure went beyond William LeBaron Jenney's solution for his Home Insurance Building.

After investigating the lost Chicago landmark, the National Association of Building Owners and Managers diagnosed the cause of its obsolescence to be the building's inefficient layout.

Load-bearing wall
A load-bearing wall or bearing wall is a wall that is an active structural element of a building,  which holds the weight of the elements above it, by conducting its weight to a foundation structure below it.

Load-bearing walls are one of the earliest forms of construction.  The development of the flying buttress in Gothic architecture allowed structures to maintain an open interior space, transferring more weight to the buttresses instead of to central bearing walls.  In housing, load-bearing walls are most common in the light construction method known as "platform framing".  In the birth of the skyscraper era, the concurrent rise of steel as a more suitable framing system first designed by William Le Baron Jenney, and the limitations of load-bearing construction in large buildings, led to a decline in the use of load-bearing walls in large-scale commercial structures.
2023 MPVA season
The 2023 MPVA season was the first overall season of the Maharlika Pilipinas Volleyball Association (MPVA). The preliminary round began on October 22, 2023 and ended on November 30, 2023. The playoffs then ran from December 2 to 21, 2023. This season featured eight teams from across the country.

The opening ceremony took place at Ynares Center in Antipolo, Rizal with a doubleheader featuring the Caloocan AM Spikers and Negros–ICC Blue Hawks in the first match, followed by the San Juan Lady Knights and Rizal Golden Coolers in the second match.

The Bacoor City Strikers won the league's inaugural championship, after defeating the Negros–ICC Blue Hawks in three matches in the Finals.

The succeeding 2024 season would be the league's first full-length season and is referred to as Season 1. To differentiate the two seasons, the 2023 season is retroactively referred to as the MPVA Inaugural Season.

Rizal St. Gerrard Charity Foundation
Rizal St. Gerrard Charity Foundation is a Filipino developmental women's volleyball team based in the province of Rizal. The team competes in the Maharlika Pilipinas Volleyball Association (MPVA) as one of four teams based in the Calabarzon region. The team plays their home games at Ynares Center in Antipolo.

The team was established in 2023 as one of the MPVA's charter teams and initially went by the Rizal Golden Coolers, being the women's volleyball counterpart of the men's basketball team of the same name.

The team is owned by the Local Government of Rizal.