hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
M. L. Stedman
ML (Margot) Stedman (born 1971) is an Australian novelist, writer and lawyer. She has lived in London and is notably reticent about sharing personal information, preferring her work to speak for itself.

Australian literature
Australian literature is the written or literary work produced in the area or by the people of the Commonwealth of Australia and its preceding colonies. During its early Western history, Australia was a collection of British colonies; as such, its recognised literary tradition begins with and is linked to the broader tradition of English literature. However, the narrative art of Australian writers has, since 1788, introduced the character of a new continent into literature—exploring such themes as Aboriginality, mateship, egalitarianism, democracy, national identity, migration, Australia's unique location and geography, the complexities of urban living, and "the beauty and the terror" of life in the Australian bush.
Hugh Dacre (priest)
Hugh Dacre, DCL was Archdeacon of Carlisle from 1509 until his death in 1510.

Conyers was born in Cumberland and educated at Cambridge University. He also studied at Paris and Bologna. in 1505 he was appointed a Canon of Salisbury Cathedral with the Prebendal Stall of Netherbury

Netherbury
Netherbury is a village and civil parish in the English county of Dorset. It lies within the Dorset Council administrative area, by the small River Brit, 1.5 miles (2.4 km) south of Beaminster and 4 miles (6.4 km) north of Bridport. The A3066 road connecting those towns lies 0.5 miles to the east.
John M. Edmond
John Marmion Edmond FRS (April 27, 1943 – April 10, 2001) was a professor of marine geochemistry and oceanography at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, who did pioneering work on oceanic particulate matter, the oceanic carbon dioxide cycle, trace elements, and radioisotopes.  He explored and analyzed water chemistry from environments as diverse as the mid-ocean ridge hydrothermal vents to the polar oceans to remote rivers and lakes in South America, Africa, Siberia, and Tibet.  He and his students and colleagues in his lab measured more chemical elements at lower concentrations in water than had ever been done before.

Geochemistry
Geochemistry is the science that uses the tools and principles of chemistry to explain the mechanisms behind major geological systems such as the Earth's crust and its oceans.: 1  The realm of geochemistry extends beyond the Earth, encompassing the entire Solar System, and has made important contributions to the understanding of a number of processes including mantle convection, the formation of planets and the origins of granite and basalt.: 1  It is an integrated field of chemistry and geology.
Svinjarička Čuka
Svinjarička Čuka is an archaeological site in southern Serbia, near the village of Štulac in the municipality of Lebane. Cultural deposits at the site date to the Neolithic, Copper, Bronze, and Early Iron Ages. Discovered in 2017, it has been excavated since 2018 to investigate the initial spread of the Neolithic along the Vardar–Morava river corridor. The Neolithic occupation phases at the site date to c. 6100–5500 BC, corresponding to the Early Neolithic, or Starčevo horizon.

Starčevo culture
The Starčevo culture is an archaeological culture of Southeastern Europe, dating to the Neolithic period between c. 6200 and 4500 BCE. It originates in the spread of the Neolithic package of peoples and technological innovations including farming and ceramics from Asia Minor to the area of Sesklo. The Starčevo culture marks its spread to the inland Balkan peninsula as the Cardial ware culture did along the Adriatic coastline. It forms part of the wider Starčevo–Criş culture which gave rise to the central European Linear Pottery culture c. 700 years after the initial spread of Neolithic farmers towards the northern Balkans.

The Starčevo site, the type site, is located on the north bank of the Danube near the village of Starčevo in Serbia (Vojvodina province), opposite Belgrade.
Schachtner
Schachtner is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Johann Andreas Schachtner (1731–1795), German musician and friend of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

Michael Schachtner (born 1986), American basketball player

Patty Schachtner (born 1960), American first responder and politician

Patty Schachtner
Patty Rivard Schachtner (born April 1, 1960) is an American Democratic politician and medical examiner from Somerset, Wisconsin. She was a member of the Wisconsin Senate, representing Wisconsin's 10th Senate district from 2018 until 2021.
Italian concentration camps in Libya
During the Italian colonization of Libya (1911-1943) the Kingdom of Italy (1861-1946) established concentration camps in the areas of modern Libya under its control in order to better subjugate the local population and to more effectively suppress resistance to Italian colonial rule.

Resistance movement
A resistance movement is an organized group of people that tries to resist or try to overthrow a government or an occupying power, causing disruption and unrest in civil order and stability. Such a movement may seek to achieve its goals through either the use of violent or nonviolent resistance (sometimes called civil resistance), or the use of force, whether armed or unarmed. In multiple cases, as for example in the United States during the American Revolution, or in Norway in the Second World War, a resistance movement may employ both violent and non-violent methods, usually operating under different organizations and acting in different phases or geographical areas within a country.
Mats Staub
Mats Staub (born 1972, Muri near Berne, Switzerland) is a Swiss artist. He mainly lives and works in Berlin. His projects have been presented worldwide, including at Künstlerhaus Mousonturm Frankfurt, Kaserne Basel, Theaterhaus Gessnerallee Zurich, Théâtre de Vidy Lausanne, the Berne Museum of Communication, the Theaterformen Festival in Hannover/Braunschweig, the Wiener Festwochen, the Adelaide Festival, the Bienal de Arte Mediales in Santiago de Chile, and the South African International Documentary Festival Encounters in Cape Town.

Encounters Festival South Africa
Encounters South African International Documentary Festival (Encounters) is the premier documentary festival in Africa and one of the oldest film festivals on the continent. It remains one of only a few on the continent that is solely dedicated to the genre. The festival is organised by the Encounters Training and Development Institute. Since its inception, the festival has advanced the currency of documentaries in the country and region, supporting new productions and giving an African platform to international documentaries.

The 26th edition will take place from 20 to 30 June 2024.
South Korea national rugby union team
The South Korea national rugby union team, (Korean: 대한민국 럭비 유니언 국가대표팀) recognised as Korea by World Rugby, also known as the Mugunghwas, represents South Korea in men's international rugby union. South Korea has yet to make their debut at the Rugby World Cup (RWC).

Korea reached the repechage round of qualification for the 1999, 2003, and 2007 Rugby World Cups, being eliminated by Tonga each time. In qualifying for 2011, South Korea lost every fixture, with its closest match coming against the Arabian Gulf. For 2015, South Korea finished third in the final round, missing qualification directly and to the repechage phase. Similar to 2015, South Korea missed direct or indirect qualification to the Rugby World Cup for both 2019 and 2023. In 2022 South Korea lost to Hong Kong by two points, failing to advance to the repechage qualification play-offs.

2014 Asian Five Nations
The 2014 Asian Five Nations, known as the 2014 HSBC Asian 5 Nations due to the tournament's sponsorship by the HSBC, was the 7th and final series of the Asian Five Nations rugby union tournament, before it shrinks to only include the top 3 Asian teams from 2015.

Japan, as victors, qualified for the 2015 Rugby World Cup as Asia 1 in Pool B, while the runner up, Hong Kong, qualified for the repechage playoffs, against Uruguay. In additional qualifications, only the top three teams would play in the leading tier in 2015, after the ARFU reduced the top tier from five, to three.
Italian destroyer Giuseppe Missori
Giuseppe Missori was an Italian Rosolino Pilo-class destroyer. Commissioned into service in the Italian Regia Marina (Royal Navy) in 1916, she served in World War I, playing an active role in the Adriatic campaign. Reclassified as a torpedo boat in 1929, she participated in the Mediterranean campaign and Adriatic campaign of World War II until the Italian armistice with the Allies, prompting Nazi Germany to capture her. Subsequently operating in the Kriegsmarine as TA22, she participated in the Adriatic campaign until she was seriously damaged in 1944. She sank in May 1945.

Regia Marina
The Regia Marina (Italian for 'Royal Navy', pronounced [ˈrɛːdʒa maˈriːna]) (RM) or Royal Italian Navy was the navy of the Kingdom of Italy (Regno d'Italia) from 1861 to 1946. In 1946, with the birth of the Italian Republic (Repubblica Italiana), the Regia Marina changed its name to Marina Militare ("Military Navy").
Paphiopedilum
Paphiopedilum, often called the Venus slipper, is a genus of the lady slipper orchid subfamily Cypripedioideae of the flowering plant family Orchidaceae. The genus comprises some 80 accepted taxa including several natural hybrids. The genus is native to Southeast Asia, the Indian subcontinent, southern China, New Guinea and the Solomon and Bismarck Islands. The type species of this genus is Paphiopedilum insigne.

The species and their hybrids are extensively cultivated, and are known as either paphiopedilums, or by the abbreviation paphs  in horticulture.

Due to their popularity, Paphiopedilums have been ruthlessly gathered and poached from the wild, making them very rare or extinct there. As soon as a new species or population is discovered, poachers will take the plants for orchid collectors who pay large sums of money. Habitat destruction is an additional factor contributing to their rarity.

Bismarck Archipelago
The Bismarck Archipelago (German: Bismarck-Archipel, pronounced [ˈbɪsmaʁk ˌaʁçiˈpeːl]) is a group of islands located just off the northeastern coast of New Guinea in the western Pacific Ocean, part of the Islands Region of Papua New Guinea. Its area is about 50,000 square kilometres (19,000 sq mi).
Maids of honour tart
Maids of honour tart (also known as maids of honour cake and Richmond maids of honour) is a traditional English baked tart consisting of a puff pastry shell filled with cheese curds.  A variation is to add jam or almonds and nutmeg.   Traditionally the tart was a puff pastry filled with sweetened milk curds.

Tart
A tart is a baked dish consisting of a filling over a pastry base with an open top not covered with pastry. The pastry is usually shortcrust pastry; the filling may be sweet or savoury, though modern tarts are usually fruit-based, sometimes with custard. Tartlet refers to a miniature tart; an example would be egg tarts. The categories of "tart", "flan", and "pie" overlap, with no sharp distinctions.
Amy (soundtrack)
Amy is an original motion picture soundtrack to the 2015 film of the same name. It was released by Island Records on 30 October 2015. It is the second posthumous compilation album by English singer and songwriter Amy Winehouse (the subject of the film). It features original tracks, covers, previously unreleased versions and demos that were included in the documentary and also features music by Brazilian composer Antônio Pinto. The Name of the Wave by British musician and producer William Orbit also makes an appearance on the soundtrack. The soundtrack peaked at number 19 on the UK Albums Chart.

William Orbit
William Mark Wainwright (born 15 December 1956), known professionally as William Orbit, is an English musician and record producer who has sold 200 million recordings worldwide of his own work, his production and song-writing work. He is a recipient of multiple Grammy Awards, Ivor Novello Awards and other music industry awards.
South Hill, Cornwall
South Hill (Cornish: Henle Soth) is a civil parish and hamlet in east Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. The parish population at the 2011 census was 489.

St Sampson's Church was consecrated in 1333 and apart from the upper stage of the tower and the south aisle is entirely of this date (the additions are 15th century). The font is Norman and a fine example of the Bodmin type (carved with four faces, trees and curious creatures); in the churchyard is an inscribed stone of the 6th or 7th century. The tower is topped by figures of the Twelve Apostles. Callington was formerly in the parish of South Hill. St Sampson's well is supposed to have been either near the church in the grounds of the former rectory, or in a nearby valley in a stream leading to the river Lynher.

River Lynher
50°22′44″N 4°15′50″W﻿ / ﻿50.379°N 4.264°W﻿ / 50.379; -4.264

The River Lynher (Cornish: Linar) (or St Germans River downstream from its confluence with the Tiddy) flows through east Cornwall, England, and enters the River Tamar at the Hamoaze, which in turn flows into Plymouth Sound.
Qingshan Dam
Qingshan Dam (traditional Chinese: 青山壩; simplified Chinese: 青山坝; Hanyu Pinyin: Qīngshān Bà; Tongyong Pinyin: Cingshan Bà; Wade–Giles: Ch'ing1-shan1 Pa4) is a concrete gravity forebay dam on the Dajia River in Heping District, Taichung, Taiwan. The dam is the second in a cascade of hydroelectric power plants along the Dajia River, and is located directly below the Techi Dam and upstream of the Kukuan Dam. The dam was built between 1964 and 1970 and stands 45 m (148 ft) high and 100 m (330 ft) long, storing up to 600,000 m3 (490 acre⋅ft) in its reservoir.

The dam supplies water to a power station with a capacity of 360 megawatts (MW) from four 90 MW turbines, generating 591 million kilowatt hours annually. It is the largest of the hydroelectric plants along the Dajia River.

Tongyong Pinyin
Tongyong Pinyin was the official romanization of Mandarin in Taiwan between 2002 and 2008. The system was unofficially used between 2000 and 2002, while a new romanization system for Taiwan was being evaluated for adoption. Taiwan's Ministry of Education approved the system in 2002, but its use was optional.

From 1 January 2009, the Ministry of Education began promoting Hanyu Pinyin. Local governments were not able to get financial aid from the central government if they used Tongyong Pinyin-derived romanizations. However, Tongyong Pinyin has continued in use for the transliteration of some place names and personal names in Taiwan (Republic of China). Some of the romanized names of the districts, subway stations and streets in Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Yunlin County and other places are derived from Tongyong Pinyin –  for example, Cijin District (旗津區, Cíjin Cyu).
Ben Garfield
Benjamin Garfield (4 April 1871 – mid-1958) was an English footballer who played at outside left. Garfield played for Finedon, Kettering Town, Burton Wanderers, West Bromwich Albion, Brighton & Hove Albion, Tunbridge Wells Rangers and England.

Kettering Town F.C.
Kettering Town Football Club is a football club based in Burton Latimer, Northamptonshire, England. They are currently members of the Southern League Premier Division Central and play at Latimer Park. Kettering were the first English club to wear sponsorship on their shirts in 1976, and have scored more goals in the FA Cup than any other club.
Democratic Party of the Macedonians (Kosovo)
The Democratic Party of the Macedonians in Kosovo (Macedonian: Демократска партија на Македонците во Косово Albanian: Partia Demokratike e maqedonasve të Kosovës Serbian: Демократска странка Македонаца у Косову) - also known as DPM - is a Macedonian Gorani political party in the disputed territory of Kosovo that represents the Muslim Macedonian-speakers of the Gora region. The president of the party is Ismail Boyda who is also the president of the Macedonian Muslim Society. The goal of the party is more rights for the Macedonians in Gora where, according to the claims of the Association of Macedonians in Gora, Macedonians constitute 82%, and rights for Macedonians in the entire region of Kosovo.

Gorani people
The Gorani ([ɡɔ̌rani], Cyrillic: Горани) or Goranci ([ɡɔrǎːntsi], Cyrillic: Горанци), are a Slavic ethnic group inhabiting the Gora region, the triangle between Kosovo, Albania, and North Macedonia. They number an estimated 20,000 people and speak a transitional South Slavic dialect called Goranski. The vast majority of the Gorani people adhere to Sunni Islam.
Miroslav Lehký
Miroslav Lehký (born 1947) is a Czech/Slovak human rights activist and civil servant, and the current deputy director (since 2007) and chairman of the advisory board of the Institute for the Study of Totalitarian Regimes. He was involved in founding the institute. He is signatory of the Charter 77 manifesto and a founding signatory of the Prague Declaration on European Conscience and Communism. During communist rule in 1980s, he was a co-organizer of the underground university in Bratislava. From 1990 to 1994, he was secretary to the Czechoslovak/Czech Helsinki Committee. He was employed by the Office for the Documentation and the Investigation of the Crimes of Communism from 1995 to 2003, and was involved in founding the Nation's Memory Institute in Slovakia in 2003. He studied theology from 1968 to 1970, but was not able to finish his studies due to political persecution by the communists.

Institute for the Study of Totalitarian Regimes
The Institute for the Study of Totalitarian Regimes (Czech: Ústav pro studium totalitních režimů or ÚSTR) is a Czech government agency and research institute. It was founded by the Czech government in 2007 and is situated at Siwiecova street, Prague-Žižkov (the street is named after Ryszard Siwiec).

Its purpose is to gather, analyse and make accessible documents from the Nazi and Communist totalitarian regimes. Its  Security Services Archive also has documents from the former communist secret police, the StB or State Security.
The institute is a founding member organisation of the Platform of European Memory and Conscience, and hosts its secretariat.
Amongst Women
Amongst Women is a novel by the Irish writer John McGahern (1934–2006). McGahern's best known novel, it is also considered his greatest work.

Published by Faber and Faber, the novel tells the story of Michael Moran, a bitter, ageing Irish Republican Army (IRA) veteran, and his tyranny over his wife and children, who both love and fear him. It was shortlisted for the 1990 Booker Prize and won The Irish Times/Aer Lingus Literary Award in 1991.

Faber & Faber
Faber and Faber Limited, commonly known as Faber & Faber or simply Faber, is an independent publishing house in London. Published authors and poets include T. S. Eliot (an early Faber editor and director), W. H. Auden, C. S. Lewis, Margaret Storey, William Golding, Samuel Beckett, Philip Larkin, Sylvia Plath, Ted Hughes, Seamus Heaney, Paul Muldoon, Milan Kundera and Kazuo Ishiguro.

Founded in 1929, in 2006 the company was named the KPMG Publisher of the Year.

Faber and Faber Inc., formerly the American branch of the London company, was sold in 1998 to the Holtzbrinck company Farrar, Straus and Giroux (FSG). Faber and Faber ended the partnership with FSG in 2015 and began distributing its books directly in the United States.
1993 Volvo Tennis San Francisco – Doubles
Jim Grabb and Richey Reneberg were the defending champions, but lost in the quarterfinals to Luke Jensen and Murphy Jensen.

Scott Davis and Jacco Eltingh won the title by defeating Patrick McEnroe and Jonathan Stark 6–1, 4–6, 7–5 in the final.

Jonathan Stark (tennis)
Jonathan Stark (born April 3, 1971) is a former professional tennis player from the United States. During his career he won two Grand Slam doubles titles (the 1994 French Open Men's Doubles and the 1995 Wimbledon Championships Mixed Doubles). Stark reached the world No. 1 doubles ranking in 1994.
Europium halide
Europium halide is a compound of the rare earth metal europium and a halogen.  The following compounds are known.

Europium(II) fluoride

Europium(III) fluoride

Europium(II) chloride

Europium(III) chloride

Europium(II) bromide

Europium(III) bromide

Europium(II) iodide

Europium(III) iodide

Europium
Europium is a chemical element; it has symbol Eu and atomic number 63. It is a silvery-white metal of the lanthanide series that reacts readily with air to form a dark oxide coating. Europium is the most chemically reactive, least dense, and softest of the lanthanides. It is soft enough to be cut with a knife. Europium was discovered in 1896, provisionally designated as Σ; in 1901, it was named after the continent of Europe. Europium usually assumes the oxidation state +3, like other members of the lanthanide series, but compounds having oxidation state +2 are also common. All europium compounds with oxidation state +2 are slightly reducing. Europium has no significant biological role but is relatively non-toxic compared to other heavy metals. Most applications of europium exploit the phosphorescence of europium compounds. Europium is one of the rarest of the rare-earth elements on Earth.
Al-Afdal al-Abbas
Al-Afdal al-Abbas (Arabic: الأفضل العباس; r. 1363–1377) was a ruler of Yemen and a member of the Rasulid dynasty.

He was the son and successor of sultan al-Mujahid Ali. He produced a multilingual "dictionary" defining terms in Arabic, Persian, Turkic, Greek, Armenian, and Mongolian. He also took measures against extortion by local bureaucrats in the ports of the kingdom, thereby striving to maintain the attraction of Yemen in the eyes of foreign merchants. When he stayed in Aden one winter he was "dealing out measures of justice such are not usual. He gave robes of honour to the ship captains, and abolished many things recently introduced by the collectors of taxes. So the merchants departed recounting his praises and his abundant gifts in all quarters by land and by sea." At his death in 1377 he was succeeded by his son al-Ashraf Isma'il.

Robe of honour
A robe of honour (Arabic: خلعة, romanized: khilʿa, plural khilaʿ, or Arabic: تشريف, romanized: tashrīf, pl. tashārif or tashrīfāt) were rich garments given by medieval and early modern Islamic rulers to subjects as tokens of honour, often as part of a ceremony of appointment to a public post, or as a token of confirmation or acceptance of vassalage of a subordinate ruler. They were usually produced in government factories and decorated with the inscribed bands known as ṭirāz. Were made of either (indigenous or foreign) high quality silks, gold-interwoven, figured, or plain silk cloth, circulation of the garments were in limited quantities.
Cinna (horse)
Cinna (1917 – 1939) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse and broodmare. She showed great promise as a juvenile in 1919 when she won a very competitive maiden race on her debut before finishing second in the New Stakes and the Bretby Stakes. As a three-year-old she won the 1000 Guineas and the Coronation Stakes and was narrowly beaten when favourite for the Epsom Oaks. She was retired from racing at the end of the year and went on to be a very successful broodmare. Three of her sons became leading sires in Australasia whilst several of her daughters became influential broodmares including the female-line ancestors of Sunday Silence and Indian Ridge.

1000 Guineas Stakes
The 1000 Guineas Stakes is a Group 1 flat horse race in Great Britain open to three-year-old fillies. It is run on the Rowley Mile at Newmarket over a distance of 1 mile (1,609 metres), and takes place each year in late April or early May on the Sunday following the 2000 Guineas Stakes.

It is the second of Britain's five Classic races, and the first of two restricted to fillies. It can also serve as the opening leg of the Fillies Triple Crown, followed by the Oaks and the St Leger, but the feat of winning all three is rarely attempted.