hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Plowman (surname)
Plowman is an occupational surname based on plowman, the user of a plow. Notable people with the surname include:

Anna-Louise Plowman (born c. 1972), New Zealand actress

Arthur J. Plowman (1872–1942), American politician

Sir Anthony Plowman (1905–1993) Vice-Chancellor of the High Court

Clifford Henry Fitzherbert Plowman (1889–1948),  British diplomat and Colonial Service administrator

Idora Plowman (1843–1929), American author

Jacob H. Plowman (1836–1897), American politician

Jon Plowman (born 1953), British television producer

Jonathan Plowman Jr. (1717–1795), American revolutionary

Mark Plowman (The Messengers), fictional character

Max Plowman (1883–1941), British writer and pacifist

Piers Plowman, English allegorical narrative poem by William Langland and its title character

Thomas S. Plowman (1843–1919), American politician

Timothy Plowman (1944–1989), American botanist

Tony Plowman (born 1939), Australian politician

Vincent Plowman, fictional character

Arthur J. Plowman
Arthur J. Plowman (October 28, 1872 – September 28, 1942) was an American politician, farmer, and businessman.

Born in the town of Waupaca, Plowman moved to Elderon, Wisconsin, in 1897, where he was a farmer and raised Guernsey dairy cows. He was involved with the bank, telephone and creamery businesses. He served on the Elderon Town Board. the Marathon County, Wisconsin Board of Supervisor, and as clerk on the local school board. Plowman was also involved with the Marathon County Agricultural Society. Plowman served in the Wisconsin State Assembly and was a Democrat.
HMS Octavia
Three ships of the British Royal Navy have been named HMS Octavia:

HMS Octavia (1849), a 50-gun fourth rate launched in August 1849 and converted to a screw frigate in 1861. Broken up in 1876.

HMS Octavia (1916), an Admiralty M-class destroyer originally named HMS Oryx but renamed whilst under construction. Launched in June 1916 and sold in November 1921.

HMS Octavia (J290), an Algerine-class minesweeper launched in December 1942 and sold for breaking up in April 1950.

Algerine-class minesweeper
The Algerine-class minesweeper was a large group of minesweepers built for the Royal Navy (RN) and the Royal Canadian Navy (RCN) during the Second World War. 110 ships of the class were launched between 1942 and 1944.
Wolfgang Bötsch
Wolfgang Bötsch (8 September 1938 in Bad Kreuznach – 14 October 2017 in Würzburg) was a German politician, representative of the Christian Social Union in Bavaria (CSU). Between 1974 and 1976 he represented the Landtag of Bavaria. From 1976 to 2005 he was a member of the Bundestag, and between 1993 and 1997 he was the last Federal Minister of Post and Telecommunications. Bötsch died on 14 October 2017 at the age of 79.

Landtag of Bavaria
The Landtag of Bavaria, officially known in English as the Bavarian State Parliament, is the unicameral legislature of the German state of Bavaria. The parliament meets in the Maximilianeum in Munich.

Elections to the Landtag are held every five years and have to be conducted on a Sunday or public holiday. The following elections have to be held no earlier than 59 months and no later than 62 months after the previous one, unless the Landtag is dissolved. The most recent elections to the Bavarian Landtag were held on 8 October 2023.

Bavaria's current state government, the third Söder cabinet, was formed after the 2023 election and is a coalition of the Christian Social Union (CSU) and the Free Voters (FW). An identical coalition was in power as the second Söder cabinet between 2018 and 2023. Markus Söder has been Minister-President of Bavaria since March 2018, when he succeeded Horst Seehofer.
Murray Richards
Murray ("Muz") John Richards (born 6 November 1976 in Brisbane, Queensland) is a former field hockey defender from Australia whose team won the gold medal at the 1997 Junior Hockey World Cup in Milton Keynes.

Richards made his senior debut for The Kookaburras in 1998. He played in total 28 matches for Australia, including the 2000 Champions Trophy in Amstelveen, and was a member of the Olympic Squad for the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney. After missing Olympic selection he traveled to Belgium to play for the Royal Antwerp Hockey Club (RAHC) - where he remains as a player / coach today.

Richards was recently named assistant coach to Adam Commens with the Belgium National Men's Hockey Team. The Belgium team made history by qualifying for the Beijing Olympic Games in 2008 by defeating world champions Germany at the 2007 European Nations Cup in Manchester, in the bronze medal match. It was Belgium's highest ever finish in a European Cup, and their first Olympic qualification since 1976.

Belgium men's national field hockey team
The Belgian national men's field hockey team represents Belgium in international men's field hockey and is controlled by the Royal Belgian Hockey Association, the governing body for field hockey in Belgium.

Belgium won the Men's Hockey World Cup in 2018, the European Championship in 2019, the 2020-21 FIH Pro League and the gold medal at 2020 Tokyo Olympics. They also won a silver medal at the 2023 Bhubaneswar & Rourkela and 2016 Rio de Janeiro and a bronze medal at the 1920 Antwerp Summer Olympics. They reached eight semi-finals at the European Championship since 1995, including a third place in 2007, 2021, 2023 and runners-up in 2013 and 2017.

They also have won, in 2025, the Sultan Azlan Shah Cup, by defeating India 1–0 in the final. This is their first title in this invitational tournament.
Sunamphitoe femorata
Sunamphitoe femorata is a species of amphipod crustacean in the family Ampithoidae. It is a herbivore and constructs a tubular nest-like home on a blade of the sporophyte of the giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera. This home is made by rolling the sides of the blade together and securing them with silk. As the kelp blade grows, the nest is advanced down the blade towards the base, approximately keeping pace with the algal growth.

Sporophyte
A sporophyte (/ˈspɔːr.əˌfaɪt/) is one of the two alternating multicellular phases in the life cycles of plants and algae. It is a diploid multicellular organism which produces asexual spores. This stage alternates with a multicellular haploid gametophyte phase.
Mount Harrison (Idaho)
Mount Harrison, at 9,265 feet (2,824 m) is a peak in the northern Albion Mountains of Cassia County in southern Idaho. Mount Harrison is located in north of Cache Peak, south of Burley, northeast of Oakley, and west of Malta in the Albion Division of the Minidoka Ranger District of Sawtooth National Forest. Mount Harrison is in the watershed of tributaries of the Snake River, which itself is a tributary of the Columbia River. The peak can be reached via a paved road that runs all the way to its summit. Lake Cleveland is located in the basin north of the peak, and a small unnamed lake is located in the basin southeast of the peak.

Burley, Idaho
Burley (/ˈbʊrliː/) is a city in Cassia and Minidoka counties in southern Idaho, United States. The population was 11,704 at the 2020 census, up from 10,345 in 2010. The city is the county seat of Cassia County.

Burley is the principal city of the Burley, Idaho, Micropolitan Statistical Area, which comprises Cassia and Minidoka counties. Burley is the largest city in Cassia and Minidoka counties (collectively called the “Mini-Cassia” area), and the third-largest city in Idaho's Magic Valley region, after Twin Falls and Jerome.
Chris Greene (broadcaster)
Christopher Greene (born 13 February 1988) is an Irish broadcaster and comedian. He stars with Peter Ganley in the series Craic Addicts, produced for Channel 4's on-demand service 4oD. Previously, he hosted the radio show Chris and Ciara on RTÉ 2fm with Ciara King from when the pair left iRadio in 2014, till the show ended in March 2022. The end of his show with RTÉ was subject to a dispute at the Workplace Relations Commission.

Workplace Relations Commission
The Workplace Relations Commission (also known as its abbreviation, the WRC and sometimes referred to as the Commission; Irish: An Coimisiún um Chaidreamh san Áit Oibre) is the independent State agency responsible for industrial relations in Ireland, established under the Workplace Relations Act 2015.

Upon its formation, it replaced, and took over all the functions of the Labour Relations Commission, Employment Appeals Tribunal and the National Employment Rights Authority.
Sandy Jolly
Sandra L. "Sandy" Jolly (born 1954) is a former businessperson and politician in Nova Scotia, Canada. She represented Dartmouth North in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1988 to 1998 as a Liberal member.

Jolly was born in Kentville, Nova Scotia and was educated at Kings County Academy and Mount Saint Vincent University. She entered provincial politics in the 1988 election, defeating Progressive Consertvative cabinet minister Laird Stirling by 121 votes in the Dartmouth North riding. Jolly was re-elected in the 1993 election, defeating New Democrat Jerry Pye by 423 votes.

On June 11, 1993, Jolly was appointed to the Executive Council of Nova Scotia as Minister of Municipal Affairs. In June 1996, she was moved to Minister of Business and Consumer Services. Jolly was left out of cabinet when Russell MacLellan took over as premier in July 1997, and resigned as MLA in January 1998.

1988 Nova Scotia general election
The 1988 Nova Scotia general election was held on September 6, 1988, to elect members of the 55th House of Assembly of the province of Nova Scotia, Canada. It was won by the Progressive Conservative party.

John Dunsworth, who would later gain fame for playing alcoholic trailer park supervisor Jim Lahey on the TV series Trailer Park Boys, stood as the NDP candidate in Halifax Bedford Basin. He finished in third place with a little over 19% of the vote. His underdog campaign was later the subject of a short documentary.
Kida Kudz
Olukayode Odesanya, better known as Kida Kudz, is a Nigerian Afropop singer based in the U.K. He gained recognition after winning the second edition of the Peak Talent Show in 2010. He has collaborated with Ms Banks, Burna Boy, and Octavian, among others.

Ms Banks
Thyra Kigho Deshaun Oji (born 14 April 1994), better known by her stage name Ms Banks, is a Nigerian and British rapper, singer and songwriter. Oji has released three mixtapes as Ms Banks. In 2014, she released her first mixtape titled Once Upon a Grind. She then released her first EP titled New Chapter EP in 2016. The Coldest Winter Ever was released in 2018, followed by The Coldest Winter Ever Part II in 2019. In 2023 she appeared alongside Ukraine's Kalush Orchestra as part of the opening act for the Eurovision Song Contest 2023 hosted in Liverpool.
Ashig Garib (opera)
Ashig Garib (Azerbaijani: Aşıq Qərib) – is the first opera written by Azerbaijani composer Zulfugar Hajibeyov, in 1916, based on motifs of a dastan of the same name. The opera was staged in Baku, in the theater of Haji Zeynalabdin Taghiyev, for the first time.

Actors and singers such as Huseyngulu Sarabski, Huseynagha Hajibababeyov and others performed main parts of “Ashig Garib” opera. Ahmad Badalbayli, famed as Ahmed Agdamski, Rubaba Muradova and other actors acted the part of Shahsenem, Garib's beloved, at that times.

Rubaba Muradova
Rubaba Khalil qizi Muradova (Azerbaijani: Rübabə Muradova) (née Rubaba Ishragi; 21 March 1930 – 28 August 1983), was an Iranian and Azerbaijani opera (mezzo-soprano) and folk singer. She graduated from the Zeynalli College of Music in Baku and worked at the Azerbaijan State Opera and Ballet Theatre, where she started in 1954. In 1971, Muradova became the People's Artiste of the Azerbaijan SSR.
Antoine Walsh
Antoine Vincent Walsh (22 January 1703 – 2 March 1763) was a French merchant, ship owner, and slave trader of Irish descent. He operated in Nantes, Province of Brittany. Born into an expatriate Irish family who had settled in Nantes, his support for Jacobitism led Walsh to assist Charles Edward Stuart during the Jacobite rebellion of 1745.

Province of Brittany
The Province of Brittany was a division of France that existed from 1532 until 1790. It was formed at the time that the previous Duchy of Brittany became unified with France by an edict. It was dissolved after the French Revolution in 1790 along with all the other provinces of France.
2018 Ladies Championship Gstaad – Doubles
Kiki Bertens and Johanna Larsson were the defending champions, but Bertens chose not to participate this year. Larsson played alongside Eugenie Bouchard, but lost in the first round to Rika Fujiwara and Darija Jurak.

Alexa Guarachi and Desirae Krawczyk won the title, defeating Lara Arruabarrena and Timea Bacsinszky in the final, 4–6, 6–4, [10–6]. This was the first WTA Tour title for both Guarachi and Krawczyk.

Johanna Larsson
Johanna Larsson (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈlɑ̌ːʂɔn]; born 17 August 1988) is a Swedish former tennis player. In her career, she won two singles and 14 doubles titles on the WTA Tour, with 13 singles and 17 doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit. Her career-high WTA rankings are 45 in singles, achieved in September 2016, and 20 in doubles, set on 30 October 2017.

In 2017, Larsson qualified for the WTA Finals for the first time, with her partner Kiki Bertens, reaching the final in Singapore upsetting fourth seeds Barty and Dellacqua and second seeds Vesnina and Makarova. They lost in the final against Tímea Babos and Andrea Hlaváčková. Larsson made her debut for the Sweden Fed Cup team in 2005, eventually accumulating an overall win–loss record of 50–30.
Sir William Kay, 6th Baronet
Brigadier-General Sir William Algernon Ireland Kay, 6th Baronet, CMG, DSO (21 March 1876 – 4 October 1918) was a British Army officer. He was killed in action in October 1918 in Magny-la-Fosse, while reconnoitering a new area. At the time, he was in command of the 3rd Brigade.

Brigadier (United Kingdom)
Brigadier (Brig) is a senior rank in the British Army and the Royal Marines. Brigadier is the superior rank to colonel and subordinate to major-general. It corresponds to the rank of brigadier general in many other nations, although it is not considered to be a general officer rank in the United Kingdom.

The rank has a NATO rank code of OF-6, placing it equivalent to the Royal Navy commodore and the Royal Air Force air commodore ranks and the brigadier general (1-star general) rank of the United States military and numerous other NATO nations.
Junaid Nagar
Yaqubabad (Urdu: جنید نگر) is a neighborhood in Orangi Town in Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.

There are several ethnic groups including Muhajirs, Sindhis, Kashmiris, Seraikis, Pakhtuns, Balochis, Memons, Bohras Ismailis, etc.

Musta'li Ismailism
Musta'li Isma'ilism (Arabic: المستعلية, romanized: al-Mustaʿliyya) is a branch of Isma'ilism named for their acceptance of al-Musta'li as the legitimate ninth Fatimid caliph and legitimate successor to his father, al-Mustansir Billah (r. 1036–1094/1095). The Nizari the other living branch of Ismailism, led by Aga Khan V believe the ninth caliph was al-Musta'li's elder brother, Nizar.

The Musta'li originated in Fatimid-ruled Egypt, later moved its religious center to Yemen, and gained a foothold in 11th-century Western India through missionaries.
Joan Toralles
Joan Toralles was a Catalan author from Vic of a brief historical tract, the Noticiari ("Notices"). It is little more than a list of names, dates, places, and events, probably compiled largely from memory, covering the years from 1365 to 1427. The gossipy nature of the tract leads Martí de Riquer i Morera to label Toralles as a representative of the vox populi of the early fifteenth century in Catalonia. Despite the tract's brevity, Toralles displays a wide knowledge of current events, shrewdness, and capacity for concision. That Toralles hailed from Vic is corroborated by his deep knowledge of the geography of Osona. It is possible that his Noticiar was composed by more than one person, judging by the long period of time it covers. He covers the earthquake that stuck Olot on 15 May 1427 like this:

Vox populi
Vox populi (/ˌvɒks ˈpɒpjʊli, -laɪ/ VOKS POP-yuu-lee, -⁠lye) is a Latin phrase (originally Vox populi, vox Dei – "The voice of the people is the voice of God"; Latin: [ˈwɔks ˈpɔ.pʊ.lɪ ˈwɔks ˈdɛj]) that literally means "voice of the people." It is used in English in the meaning "the opinion of the majority of the people." In journalism, vox pop or man on the street refers to short interviews with members of the public.
Pius Ngandu Nkashama
Pius Ngandu Nkashama was a professor, writer, playwright, poet and literary critic. He was born September 4, 1946 in Mbujimayi in the province of Kasai Oriental in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. He died on December 19, 2023 in Baton-Rouge, Louisiana, US.

Lubumbashi
Lubumbashi (UK: /ˌluːbʊmˈbæʃi/ LOO-buum-BASH-ee, US: /ˌluːbuːmˈbɑːʃi/ LOO-boom-BAH-shee), formerly Élisabethville ([elizabɛtvil]; Dutch: Elisabethstad [eːˈlisaːbɛtstɑt] ⓘ), is the second-largest city in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, located in the country's southeasternmost part, near the border with Zambia. The capital and principal city of the Haut-Katanga Province, Lubumbashi is the center of mining in the region, acting as a hub for many of the country's largest mining companies. No definite population figures are available, but the population of the city's urban area is estimated to be around 2,584,000 in 2021.
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy is a peer-reviewed medical journal covering medical applications of pharmacology. It was established in 1956 and is published twelve times a year by Elsevier, which has been publishing the journal since 1988. The editor-in-chief is D.M. Townsend (Medical University of South Carolina). According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2022 impact factor of 7.5.

Medical University of South Carolina
The Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC) is a public medical school in Charleston, South Carolina, United States. It opened in 1824 as a small private college aimed at training physicians and has since established hospitals and medical facilities across the state. It is one of the oldest continually operating schools of medicine in the United States and the oldest in the Deep South.

The school has expanded into a state university with a medical center and six colleges for the education of health professionals, biomedical scientists, and other health care personnel.  It also operates as a center for research and has a public hospital.
USS Dallas (SSN-700)
USS Dallas (SSN-700) was a Los Angeles-class nuclear-powered attack submarine of the United States Navy. She was the Navy's second vessel of that name, and the first to be named after the city of Dallas, Texas. The first Dallas, a destroyer, was named for 19th century US Naval officer Captain Alexander Dallas. Another two ships with the name were scheduled but never completed. On 4 April 2018, after nearly 37 years of commissioned service, the boat was decommissioned at the Controlled Industrial Area of Puget Sound Naval Shipyard. The defueled vessel will eventually undergo recycling.

Nuclear marine propulsion
Nuclear marine propulsion is propulsion of a ship or submarine with heat provided by a nuclear reactor. The power plant heats water to produce steam for a turbine used to turn the ship's propeller through a gearbox or through an electric generator and motor. Nuclear propulsion is used primarily within naval warships such as nuclear submarines and supercarriers. A small number of experimental civil nuclear ships have been built.

Compared to oil- or coal-fuelled ships, nuclear propulsion offers the advantage of very long intervals of operation before refueling. All the fuel is contained within the nuclear reactor, so no cargo or supplies space is taken up by fuel, nor is space taken up by exhaust stacks or combustion air intakes. The low fuel cost is offset by high operating costs and investment in infrastructure, however, so nearly all nuclear-powered vessels are military.
HIV screening in the United States
HIV screening in the United States is the use of tests to determine HIV status of individuals, as a part of general public health strategies to reduce the rate of transmission of HIV/AIDS in the United States and to lead to treatment of HIV positive individuals. As a public health measure, widespread testing is advocated by some.  Programs such as the National HIV Testing Day on June 27 are used to promote it.  The New England Journal of Medicine endorsed widespread testing in 2013.  There are special challenges in reaching teenagers. Numerous areas have offered free and rapid HIV testing to the public, including Atlanta, Georgia on World AIDS Day, December 1.

The New England Journal of Medicine
The New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) is a weekly medical journal published by the Massachusetts Medical Society. Founded in 1812, the journal is among the most prestigious peer-reviewed medical journals. Its 2024 impact factor was 78.5, ranking it 2nd out of 168 journals in the category "Medicine, General & Internal".
Palace of the Israelite Community
The Palace of the Israelite Community (Romanian: Palatul Comunității Israelite) is a building in the Cetate district of Timișoara, Romania. It was built in 1906 next to the already existing Cetate Synagogue, in the so-called Judenhof (Jewish Quarter).

Cetate Synagogue
The Cetate Synagogue (Romanian: Sinagoga din Cetate) is a Neolog Jewish congregation and synagogue, located on Mărășești Street in the Cetate district of Timișoara, in Timiș County, Romania. Designed by Carl Schumann in an eclectic architectural style, the synagogue was completed in 1865.

The synagogue is included on the National Register of Historic Monuments in Romania. The synagogue closed in 1985; was repurposed as a concert hall, and then reopened as a synagogue and tourist attraction in 2022.
Temur Apakidze
Temur Avtandilis Dze Apakidze (Georgian: თემურ ავთანდილის ძე აფაქიძე, Russian: Тимур Автандилович Апакидзе, Timur Avtandilovich Apakidze; 4 March 1954 – 17 July 2001) was a Russian major general of Georgian ethnicity, fighter pilot, flight specialist and founder of the modern Russian Naval Aviation and Hero of the Russian Federation.

Murmansk Oblast
Murmansk Oblast is a federal subject (an oblast) of Russia, located in the northwestern part of the country, with a total land area of 144,900 square kilometres (55,900 sq mi). Its only internal border is the Republic of Karelia to the south, and it is bordered internationally by Finland to the west and Norway to the northwest and the Barents Sea lies to the north and White Sea lies to the south and east. Its administrative center is the city of Murmansk. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 795,409; however, at the 2021 Census, the population had declined to 667,744.
Kagami-Ogata syndrome
Kagami-Ogata syndrome is a rare genetic disease that is caused by mutations on maternal chromosome 14 or by paternal UPD(14). The main signs of this disease are: polyhydramnios, narrow bell-shaped thorax, coat-hanger-like ribs, abdominal wall defect, enlarged placenta. Patients with KOS also have a facial dysmorphism, such as: frontal bossing, excessive hair growth on forehead, depressed nasal bridge, micrognathia with/or retrognathia, full cheeks, webbed neck, protruding philtrum.

Philtrum
The philtrum (Latin: philtrum, from Ancient Greek φίλτρον phíltron, lit. 'love charm') or medial cleft is a vertical indentation in the middle area of the upper lip, common to therian mammals, extending in humans from the nasal septum to the tubercle of the upper lip. Together with a glandular rhinarium and slit-like nostrils, it is believed to constitute the primitive condition for at least therian mammals. Monotremes lack a philtrum, though this could be due to the specialised, beak-like jaws in living species.