hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Blue School, Wells
The Blue School is a coeducational, secondary school located in Wells, Somerset, England. It had 1,357 students aged 11 to 18 of all ability levels of which 284 were in the sixth form in 2025. It is currently a Church of England voluntary controlled school. The school motto is "Recta Certa", which means 'straight and true'. It became an Academy in August 2011.

An Ofsted inspection in 2007 judged the school to be 'outstanding', while the next Ofsted inspection in 2010 rated the school as 'good', with outstanding elements. A further Ofsted inspection was conducted throughout October 2013 again giving a rating of Good. The school is a Specialist Science College and in 2006 the Princess Royal opened a new science centre.

Academy
An academy (Attic Greek: Ἀκαδήμεια; Koine Greek: Ἀκαδημία) is an institution of tertiary education. The name traces back to Plato's school of philosophy, founded c. 386 BC at Akademia, a sanctuary of Athena, the goddess of wisdom and skill, north of Athens, Greece. The Royal Spanish Academy defines an academy as a scientific, literary or artistic society established with public authority and as a teaching establishment, public or private, of a professional, artistic, technical or simply practical nature.
Athenaeus (poet)
Athenaeus (Ancient Greek: Ἀθήναιος) was an epigrammatic poet whose work was mentioned by the historian Diogenes Laërtius. He was the author of two epigrams in the Greek Anthology. Of his date, we know only that he lived in or before the 3rd century CE.

Epigram
An epigram is a brief, interesting, memorable, sometimes surprising or satirical statement. The word derives from the Greek ἐπίγραμμα (epígramma, "inscription", from ἐπιγράφειν [epigráphein], "to write on, to inscribe"). This literary device has been practiced for over two millennia.

The presence of wit or sarcasm tends to distinguish non-poetic epigrams from aphorisms and adages, which typically do not show those qualities.
1974 IFA Shield final
The 1974 IFA Shield final was the 78th final of the IFA Shield, the second oldest football competition in India, and was contested between Kolkata giants East Bengal and Mohun Bagan on 29 September 1974 at the Mohun Bagan Ground in Kolkata.

East Bengal won the final 1–0 to claim their 13th IFA Shield title. Subhash Bhowmick scored the only goal in the final as East Bengal lifted their third consecutive IFA Shield title.

IFA Shield
The IFA Shield is a football competition organized by the Indian Football Association, the football governing body in the Indian state of West Bengal. The IFA came into existence in 1893, and was named after the association. The IFA Shield tournament was started in the same year. It is the third oldest football tournament in India, after Durand Cup and Trades Cup, and is among the oldest football competitions in the world.
Trumpet Concerto (Mozart)
The Trumpet Concerto, K. 47c, is a putative concerto for trumpet by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, that is now lost (if it ever existed). It would be Mozart's only concerto written for a brass instrument other than his four horn concertos.

Horn Concertos (Mozart)
The four Horn Concertos by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart were written for his friend Joseph Leutgeb, whom he had known since childhood. Leutgeb was a skilled player, and the works are difficult to perform on the natural horn of the period, requiring lip trills, much hand-stopping, and rapid tonguing.
Dead Men's Trousers
Dead Men's Trousers is a 2018 novel by Scottish writer Irvine Welsh. It is a sequel to his earlier books Trainspotting, Porno, Skagboys and The Blade Artist. Set in 2015, it follows the characters Renton, Sick Boy, Spud and Begbie as they meet up again as middle-aged men.

Skagboys
Skagboys is a 2012 novel by Scottish writer Irvine Welsh. It is a prequel to his 1993 novel Trainspotting, and its 2002 sequel Porno. It follows the earlier lives of characters Renton and Sick Boy as they first descend into heroin addiction.
Lactobacillus bulgaricus GLB44
Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus is a bacterial subspecies traditionally isolated from European yogurts. Lactobacillus bulgaricus GLB44 differs from other L. bulgaricus strains, because it was isolated from the leaves of Galanthus nivalis (common snowdrop) in Bulgaria.

Galanthus nivalis
Galanthus nivalis, the snowdrop or common snowdrop, is the best-known and most widespread of the 20 species in its genus, Galanthus. Snowdrops are among the first bulbs to bloom in spring and can form impressive carpets of white in areas where they are native or have been naturalised. They should not be confused with the snowflakes, in the genera Leucojum and Acis.
North Island kōkako
The North Island kōkako (Callaeas wilsoni) is a forest bird endemic to the North Island of New Zealand. It is grey in colour, with a small black mask. Adults have distinctive blue wattles. Because of its wattle, the bird is sometimes locally called the blue-wattled crow, although it is not a corvid. The name "kōkako" comes from its vocalization: the bird's main call has been described as a "slow, rich 'ko-ka-ko-o-o-o', tailing off at the end".

Bird vocalization
Bird vocalization includes both bird calls and bird songs. In non-technical use, bird songs (often simply birdsong) are the sounds produced by birds that are melodious to the human ear. In ornithology and birding, songs (relatively complex vocalizations) are distinguished by function from calls (relatively simple vocalizations).
Çalışkan, Silopi
Çalışkan (Kurdish: Gitê) is a belde in the Silopi District of Şırnak Province in Turkey. It is populated by Kurds of non-tribal affiliation and had a population of 5,180 in 2023.

The neighborhoods of Çalışkan are Atatürk, Cumhuriyet, Fatih and Vatan.

Belde
Belde (literally "town", also known as kasaba) means "large village with a municipality" in Turkish.

All Turkish province centers and district centers have municipalities, but the villages are usually too small to have municipalities. The population in some villages may exceed 2000 and in such villages a small municipality may be established depending on residents' choice. Such villages are called belde. Up to 2014 the number of belde municipalities was about 1400.

On 30 March 2014 by the act no. 6360 all villages (those with and without municipality) were included in the urban fabric of the district municipalities in 30 provinces. Thus belde municipalities in 30 provinces were abolished. The number of abolished belde municipalities is 1040.

Presently, in 51 provinces, which are not in the scope of the act no 6360, there are still 394 belde municipalities.
Andrew Jones (Canadian football)
Andrew Jones (born October 29, 1982) is a Canadian former professional football player who was an offensive lineman in the Canadian Football League (CFL). Jones was selected by the BC Lions in the fourth round of the 2007 CFL draft. He is a three-time Grey Cup champion, having won with three different teams in a span of five years, 2011, 2012, and 2015. He played CIS football for the McMaster Marauders.

U Sports football
U Sports football is the highest level of amateur play of Canadian football and operates under the auspices of U Sports, Canada's governing body for university sports. Twenty-seven teams from Canadian universities are divided into four athletic conferences, drawing from the four regional associations of U Sports: Canada West Universities Athletic Association, Ontario University Athletics, Réseau du sport étudiant du Québec, and Atlantic University Sport. At the end of every season, the champions of each conference advance to semifinal bowl games; the winners of these meet in the Vanier Cup national championship.
In Suprema Petri Apostoli Sede
In Suprema Petri Apostoli Sede (On the Supreme See of Peter the Apostle), also titled Litterae ad Orientales, i.e. Epistle to the Easterners, is a document – either considered as an apostolic letter or as an encyclical letter – sent by Pope Pius IX in 1848 to the bishops and clergy of the Eastern Orthodox Churches urging them to enter in communion with the Roman Catholic Church.

The document was answered the same year by several leading members of the Eastern Orthodox Church, in the Encyclical of the Eastern Patriarchs which restated the theological controversies between the two Churches.

In his volume about the early years of the papacy of Pius IX, Giacomo Martina writes that:

The only, partially positive, result was the development of a lively controversy between the Orthodox and the Romans, which, although in a tone of little fraternity, offered the more enlightened spirits a stimulus to a better knowledge of the points of view of the two sides.

Full communion
Full communion is a communion or relationship of full agreement among different Christian denominations or Christian individuals that share certain essential principles of Christian theology. Views vary among denominations on exactly what constitutes full communion, but typically when two or more denominations are in full communion it enables services and celebrations, such as the Eucharist, to be shared among congregants or clergy of any of them with the full approval of each.
Cotabato's 2nd congressional district
Cotabato's 2nd congressional district is one of the three congressional districts of the Philippines in the province of Cotabato. It has been represented in the House of Representatives since 1987. The district covers eastern Cotabato bordering Bukidnon and Davao Region. It consists of the provincial capital city, Kidapawan, and the municipalities of Antipas, Arakan, Magpet, Makilala and President Roxas. Prior to redistricting in 2012, the district also included the municipalities of M'lang, Matalam and Tulunan. It is currently represented in the 20th Congress by Rudy S. Caoagdan of the Nacionalista.

Arakan, Cotabato
Arakan, officially the Municipality of Arakan (Hiligaynon: Banwa sang Arakan; Cebuano: Lungsod sa Arakan; Maguindanaon: Inged nu Arakan, Jawi: ايڠد نو اراكن; Filipino: Bayan ng Arakan)   is a  municipality in the province of Cotabato, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 50,558 people.
Dragsaw
A dragsaw or drag saw is a large reciprocating saw using a long steel crosscut saw to buck logs to length. Prior to the popularization of the chainsaw during World War II, the dragsaw was a popular means of taking the hard work out of cutting wood. They would only work for a log on the ground. Dragsaws are known as the first mechanical saws to be used in the timber industry operation. These tools were most useful in the logging business, because they were efficient and very resilient. Not to be confused with a steam donkey.

Wood industry
The wood industry or timber industry (sometimes lumber industry – when referring mainly to sawed boards) is the industry concerned with forestry, logging, timber trade, and the production of primary forest products and wood products (e.g. furniture) and secondary products like wood pulp for the pulp and paper industry. Some of the largest producers are also among the biggest owners of forest. The wood industry has historically been and continues to be an important sector in many economies.
Tamerlan Thorell
Tord Tamerlan Teodor Thorell (3 May 1830 – 22 December 1901) was a Swedish arachnologist.

Thorell studied spiders with Giacomo Doria at the Museo Civico di Storia Naturale de Genoa. He corresponded with other arachnologists, such as Octavius Pickard-Cambridge, Eugène Simon and Thomas Workman.

He described more than 1,000 spider species during his time from the 1850s to 1900.

Thorell wrote: On European Spiders (1869) and Synonym of European Spiders (1870-73).

Wolf spider
Wolf spiders are members of the family Lycosidae (from Ancient Greek  λύκος (lúkos) 'wolf'), named for their robust and agile hunting skills and excellent eyesight.

They live mostly in solitude, hunt alone, and usually do not spin webs. Some are opportunistic hunters, pouncing upon prey as they find it or chasing it over short distances; others wait for passing prey in or near the mouth of a burrow.

Wolf spiders resemble nursery web spiders (family Pisauridae), but wolf spiders carry their egg sacs by attaching them to their spinnerets, while the Pisauridae carry their egg sacs with their chelicerae and pedipalps.

Two of the wolf spider's eight eyes are large and prominent; this distinguishes them from nursery web spiders, whose eyes are all of roughly equal size. This can also help distinguish them from the similar-looking grass spiders.
Amuka, Israel
Amuka (Hebrew: עמוקה, lit. 'Deep') is a community settlement about 6 km northeast of Safed in the Upper Galilee in northern Israel. It belongs to the Merom HaGalil Regional Council. In 2022 it had a population of 159.

Merom HaGalil Regional Council
The Merom HaGalil Regional Council (Hebrew: מועצה אזורית מרום הגליל, Mo'atza Azorit Merom HaGalil) is a regional council in the northern Galilee of northern Israel. The regional council was established in 1950. The head of the council is Shlomo Levi.
It's Over (Jimmie Rodgers song)
"It's Over" is a 1966 song written and originally performed by Jimmie Rodgers. He released it as a single in 1966, with "Anita, You're Dreaming" on the flip side.

Jimmie Rodgers recalled:

I was with Herb Alpert and the Tijuana Brass at Carnegie Hall in New York, and there was a girl there at the show. She was standing outside crying and we began to talk. She had just broken up with her boyfriend. I asked if she was okay. She said, "No, my boyfriend and I broke up today and it's over." I went back to my room and wrote "It's Over." I never had Elvis in mind to do it when I wrote the song.

Herb Alpert
Herb Alpert (born March 31, 1935) is an American musician who led the band Herb Alpert & the Tijuana Brass (sometimes called Herb Alpert and the TJB) in the 1960s. During the same decade, he co-founded A&M Records with Jerry Moss.

Alpert has recorded 28 albums that have appeared on the U.S. Billboard 200 chart, five of which reached No. 1; he has been awarded 14 platinum albums and 15 gold albums. Alpert is the only musician to have reached number one on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 as both a vocalist ("This Guy's in Love with You", 1968) and as an instrumentalist ("Rise", 1979).

Alpert has sold an estimated 72 million records worldwide. His awards  have included a Tony Award and eight Grammy Awards, as well as the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award. In 2006, he was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Alpert was awarded the National Medal of Arts by Barack Obama in 2012.
Małgorzata Cybulska
Małgorzata Cybulska (born 28 March 1998) is a Polish equestrian. She represented Poland at the 2020 Summer Olympics and competed in Individual and Team Eventing on her horse Chenaro.

Cybulska suffered from discopathy and underwent a spinal operation in 2019.

Equestrian at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Individual eventing
The individual eventing event at the 2020 Summer Olympics is scheduled to take place from 30 July to 2 August 2021 at the Baji Koen and Sea Forest Cross-Country Course. Like all other equestrian events, the eventing competition is open-gender, with both male and female athletes competing in the same division. 65 riders from 29 nations are expected to compete.
Coleophora darwini
Coleophora darwini is a moth of the family Coleophoridae. It is found on the Galápagos archipelago where it has been collected on Pinzón, Española, and Pinta islands.

The wingspan is 7.8-9.4 mm for males and 8.4-10.6 mm for females.

The larvae feed on Amaranthus anderssonii and probably other Amaranthus species. They mine the leaves of their host plant. The length of the mature case is 5.5–6.9 mm.

Coleophoridae
The Coleophoridae are a family of small moths, belonging to the huge superfamily Gelechioidea. Collectively known as case-bearers, casebearing moths or case moths, this family is represented on all continents, but the majority are found in temperate areas of the Northern Hemisphere. They are most common in the Palearctic, and rare in sub-Saharan Africa, South America, and Australia; consequently, they probably originated (like most or all other Gelechioidea families) in northern Eurasia. They are relatively common in houses, they seek out moist areas to rest and procreate.
Annino-Gusinovka
Annino-Gusinovka (Russian: Аннино-Гусиновка) is a rural locality (a village) in Kolpakovsky Selsoviet Rural Settlement, Kurchatovsky District, Kursk Oblast, Russia. Population:  52 (2010 Census); 75 (2002 Census);

Kursk Oblast
Kursk Oblast (Russian: Курская область, romanized: Kurskaya oblastʹ, IPA: [ˈkurskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Kursk. As of the 2021 census, Kursk Oblast had a population of 1,082,458.
Aidan McCullen
Aidan McCullen (born 5 January 1977) is an Irish businessman, broadcaster and former Ireland national rugby union team player. McCullen hosts The Innovation Show, a weekly podcast featuring interviews with people involved in innovation, strategy and leadership. He is also the founder of the "Reinvention Summit", an annual innovation and transformation event held in Dublin. McCullen is married to former Miss Ireland model Niamh Redmond. They have two sons.

Miss Ireland
Miss World Ireland is a national Beauty pageant in Ireland. Winners of the competition represent Ireland at Miss World. Among the winners are Rosanna Davison, who went on to win Miss World 2003, and Pamela Uba, who in 2021 became the first black woman to win the Miss Ireland title.
World Agroforestry Centre
World Agroforestry (a brand name used by the International Centre for Research in Agroforestry, ICRAF) is an international institute headquartered in Nairobi, Kenya, and founded in 1978 as "International Council for Research in Agroforestry". The centre specializes in the sustainable management, protection and regulation of tropical rainforest and natural reserves. It is one of 15 agricultural research centres which makes up the global network known as the CGIAR.

Institute
An institute is an organizational body created for a certain purpose. They are often research organisations (research institutes) created to do research on specific topics, or can also be a professional body.

In some countries, institutes can be part of a university or other institutions of higher education, either as a group of departments or an autonomous educational institution without a traditional university status such as a "university institute", or institute of technology. In some countries, such as South Korea and India, private schools are sometimes referred to as institutes; also, in Spain, secondary schools are referred to as institutes.

Historically, in some countries, institutes were educational units imparting vocational training and often incorporating libraries, also known as mechanics' institutes.

The word "institute" comes from the Latin word institutum ("facility" or "habit"), in turn derived from instituere ("build", "create", "raise" or "educate").
Ken Burmeister
Ken Burmeister (June 3, 1947 – May 19, 2020) was an American college basketball coach. He was the head coach of the University of the Incarnate Word for 12 seasons from 2006 until 2018.

Burmeister graduated from St. Mary's University, Texas, and served on the staff of Lute Olson at Iowa and Arizona from 1979 to 1986. Burmeister coached at University of Texas at San Antonio from 1986 to 1990 and led the team to its first appearance in the NCAA Tournament in 1988, where they lost to Illinois. He served as an assistant coach at DePaul before taking over at Loyola (IL) in 1994. He posted a 40–71 record at Loyola and oversaw the team's move to Joseph J. Gentile Arena in 1996. Burmeister coached at Trinity University in San Antonio, Texas, from 1998 to 1999. He died on May 19, 2020, from cancer.

St. Mary's University, Texas
St. Mary's University is a private Catholic university in San Antonio, Texas, United States. Founded by the Society of Mary (Marianists) in 1852, St. Mary's is the oldest Catholic university in Texas and the American Southwest.

With a student population of nearly 4,000, St. Mary's is home to a College of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences; School of Science, Engineering and Technology; the Greehey School of Business; and the St. Mary's University School of Law.
Upper Greensand Hangers: Empshott to Hawkley
Upper Greensand Hangers: Empshott to Hawkley is a 37.7-hectare (93-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest north of Petersfield in Hampshire. It is part of the East Hampshire Hangers Special Area of Conservation.

This site comprises a number of woods along steep rocky slopes in the Upper Greensand. These conditions produce unusual lime-rich woodlands and specialised mosses and liverworts on the rocks. The dominant tree is ash, which has often been coppiced. The ground flora is diverse, including plants such as dog's mercury and yellow archangel.

Special Area of Conservation
A special area of conservation (SAC) is defined in the European Union's Habitats Directive (92/43/EEC), also known as the Directive on the Conservation of Natural Habitats and of Wild Fauna and Flora. They are to protect the 220 habitats and approximately 1,000 species listed in annex I and II of the directive which are considered to be of European interest following criteria given in the directive. They must be chosen from the sites of Community importance by the member states and designated SAC by an act assuring the conservation measures of the natural habitat.

SACs complement special protection areas and together form a network of protected sites across the European Union called Natura 2000.  This, in turn, is part of the Emerald network of Areas of Special Conservation Interest (ASCIs) under the Berne Convention.
Nils Bergström (bandy)
Nils "Nicke" Evert Oscar Bergström (28 March 1921 – 27 December 2001) was a Swedish bandy and football player. In football, Bergström played 5 Allsvenskan games with AIK. In bandy, Bergström played with Nässjö IF and became the top-tier Division 1 topscorer in the 1952, 1955, and 1958 seasons.

Division 1 (bandy)
Division 1 is the third level in the league system of bandy in Sweden and comprises 60 Swedish bandy teams in six groups. The level was founded in 1931 as Sweden's first level, and became the second from the 1981/1982 season and the third from the 2007/2008.
Columbus Messenger
Columbus Messenger Newspapers was a bi-weekly suburban newspaper chain started in 1974. It published six free or by subscription, independently owned newspapers: the Westside Messenger, the South and Canal Winchester Messenger, the Groveport Messenger, the Grove City Messenger, and the Madison Messenger, covering communities around Columbus, Ohio, and Madison County.

Each of the six papers published every other Sunday and feature happenings with local government, community organizations and human interest stories.

Columbus Messenger ceased on April 11, 2025.

Madison County, Ohio
Madison County is a county located in the central portion of the U.S. state of Ohio. As of the 2020 census, the population was 43,824. Its county seat is London. The county is named for James Madison, President of the United States and was established on March 1, 1810. Madison County is part of the Columbus, OH Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Gonadorelin
Gonadorelin is a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH agonist) which is used in fertility medicine and to treat amenorrhea and hypogonadism. It is also used in veterinary medicine. The medication is a form of the endogenous GnRH and is identical to it in chemical structure. It is given by injection into a blood vessel or fat or as a nasal spray.

British Approved Name
A British Approved Name (BAN) is the official, non-proprietary, or generic name given to a pharmaceutical substance, as defined in the British Pharmacopoeia (BP). The BAN is also the official name used in some countries around the world, because starting in 1953, proposed new names were evaluated by a panel of experts from WHO in conjunction with the BP commission  to ensure naming consistency worldwide (an effort leading to the International Nonproprietary Name system). There is also a British Approved Name (Modified) (BANM).