hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Swain Islands
The Swain Islands are a group of small islands and rocks about 3.7 kilometres (2 nmi) in extent, lying 0.9 kilometres (0.5 nmi) north of Clark Peninsula at the northeast end of the Windmill Islands. Delineated from aerial photographs taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump in February 1947. Named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for K. C. Swain who served as air crewman with the central task group of U.S. Navy Operation Highjump, 1946–47, and also with USN. Operation Windmill which obtained aerial and ground photographic coverage of the Windmill Islands in January 1948.

Operation Windmill
Operation Windmill (OpWml) was the United States Navy's Second Antarctica Developments Project, an exploration and training mission to Antarctica in 1947–1948. This operation was a follow-up to the First Antarctica Development Project known as Operation Highjump (1946–1947). The expedition was commanded by Commander Gerald L. Ketchum, USN, and the flagship of Task Force 39 was the icebreaker USS Burton Island.

Missions during Operation Windmill varied including supply activities, helicopter reconnaissance of ice flows, scientific surveys, underwater demolition surveys, and convoy exercises. Malcolm Davis collected live animals, such as penguins and leopard seals, for zoological studies.

The icebreaker USS Edisto (AG-89) sailed on 1 November 1947 for the Panama Canal to rendezvous with the Burton Island for the expedition.
National Cultural Heritage Administration
The National Cultural Heritage Administration (NCHA; 国家文物局) is a national bureau managed by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism of China. It is responsible for the national protection of cultural relics and the regulation of museums.

Ministry of Culture and Tourism (China)
The Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the People's Republic of China is a constituent department of the State Council of China in charge of culture and tourism.

The ministry was established on 19 March 2018 based on the Ministry of Culture and the China National Tourism Administration.
Acetolactone
In organic chemistry, α‑lactone refers to a functional group, the smallest possible lactone.  It is a family of unstable, three-membered heterocycles, containing an epoxide ring fused with a carbonyl group.

The parent, acetolactone (α-acetolactone), is an organic compound with formula C2H2O2, and has not been isolated in bulk. The compound was first described in 1997 as a transient species in mass spectrometry experiments.

Generally, α‑lactones are produced by the cryogenic, photochemical decarboxylation of peroxymalonic anhydrides.  Even at 77 K, the products rapidly polymerize or decarbonylate to ketones or aldehydes.

An exception is bis(trifluoromethyl)acetolactone ((CF3)2C2O2), stabilized by its two trifluoromethyl groups.  That compound has a half-life of 8 hours at 25 °C.

Α-Thiolactones can be produced via oxygen transfer from a nitrone to a thioketene.

Thioketene
In organic chemistry, thioketenes are organosulfur compounds analogous to ketenes with the general formula R2C=C=S, where R is alkyl or aryl.  The parent thioketene (ethenthione) has the formula CH2=C=S. It is the simplest thioketene.  Ethenthione is stable as a gas, but like most thioketenes, it polymerizes upon condensation.

Some thioketenes are produced as transient species upon pyrolysis of 1,2,3-thiadiazoles. It has been suggested that thioketenes could be involved in cell damage processes.
Lister Costin
The Lister Costin is a lightweight sports racing car, designed by British engineer and designer Frank Costin, and developed and built by British manufacturer Lister, between 1958 and 1959. A total of 17 models were produced. They were powered by either a Jaguar straight-6 engine, or a Chevrolet V8 engine.

Frank Costin
Francis Albert Costin (8 June 1920 – 5 February 1995) was a British automotive engineer who advanced monocoque chassis design and was instrumental in adapting aircraft aerodynamic knowledge for automobile use.
Tony Pizarro
Anthony D. Pizarro is an American record producer. Listed as one of the "Top 50 Hip Hop Producers of All Time" by About.com, he was credited on Tupac Shakur's 1995 single "Dear Mama", which has been inducted into the National Recording Registry by the Library of Congress. As one of Shakur's primary producers, Pizarro has contributed to sales of over 75 million units.

After Shakur's death, Pizarro re-emerged as an executive for Def Jam Recordings, and effectively promoted other hip hop acts including DMX, Scarface, M.O.P., WC, and Keith Murray. As a recording engineer, he has been credited on albums for artists such as Ice-T, Teena Marie, and Tevin Campbell.

Teena Marie
Mary Christine Brockert (March 5, 1956 – December 26, 2010), known professionally as Teena Marie, was an American soul and R&B singer, songwriter, and producer. She was known by her childhood nickname Tina before taking the stage name Teena Marie and later acquired the nickname Lady T, given to her by her collaborator and friend Rick James.

She was known for her distinctive and soulful soprano vocals, which caused many listeners to believe she was black. Her success in R&B and soul music, and loyalty to these genres earned her the title Ivory Queen of Soul. She played rhythm guitar, keyboards, and congas. Teena Marie was a four-time Grammy Award nominee, winning posthumously in 2023 for Best R&B Song for co-writing "Cuff It".
Basúchil
Basúchil (Bajichi), water well in the Raramuri language, is a town in the municipality of Guerrero, State of Chihuahua, Mexico.  It was founded in 1649 as a presidio to protect the Jesuit mission in the Tarahumara Papigochi region a few miles to the west, now Cd. Guerrero. Basúchil was initially named La Villa de Aguilar by his founder Diego Guajardo Fajardo governor of the New Vizcaya in honor to his home town, Aguilar de la Frontera, Spain. In 1652 the town was destroyed and its inhabitants assassinated by an attack incited by the lider Tarahumara Teporaca,  years later it was resettled and renamed Basúchil. The Adolfo Lopez Mateos-Madera Highway (Route 16) passes on the east side.

Abraham González, later governor of Chihuahua, was born in Basúchil in 1864. Ángel González, the ranchera composer best known for his seminal narcocorrido, "Contrabando y Traición," lived most of his life in Basúchil.

Ranchera
Ranchera (pronounced [ranˈtʃeɾa]) or canción ranchera is a genre of traditional music of Mexico. It dates to before the years of the Mexican Revolution. Rancheras today are played in the vast majority of regional Mexican music styles. Drawing on rural traditional folk music, the ranchera developed as a symbol of a new national consciousness in reaction to the aristocratic tastes of the period.
Thought Contagion
"Thought Contagion" is a song by English rock band Muse. It was released as the second single from the band's eighth studio album, Simulation Theory, on 15 February 2018, following "Dig Down", released the previous year. The single debuted at number 76 on the UK Singles Chart and topped the UK Rock & Metal Singles Chart.

Lists of UK Rock & Metal Singles and Albums Charts number ones
The UK Rock & Metal Singles Chart and UK Rock & Metal Albums Chart are record charts compiled in the United Kingdom by the Official Charts Company (OCC) to determine the 40 most popular singles and albums in the rock and heavy metal genres. The two charts are compiled by the OCC from digital downloads, physical record sales and audio streams in UK retail outlets. The charts have been published on the official OCC website since 1994. Previously, the UK Rock Singles chart, sometimes called the Metal Singles chart, that was compiled by CIN, which later became OCC, was published in Hit Music from September 1992 intermittently to February 1997 and interchangeably with the Rock and Metal Albums chart (which was sometimes under the title of Rock and Metal Singles chart) and also with the Indie Chart.
Canadian Light Rail Vehicle
The Canadian Light Rail Vehicle (CLRV) and Articulated Light Rail Vehicle (ALRV) were types of streetcars used by the Toronto Transit Commission (TTC) from the late 1970s until they were scrapped in the late 2010s. They were built following the TTC's decision to retain streetcar services in the 1970s, replacing the existing PCC streetcar fleet.

Two variants were produced: the standard single-module CLRV (built between 1977 and 1981) and the longer articulated double-module ALRV (built between 1987 and 1989). The ALRVs were officially retired from regular TTC service on September 2, 2019, with the CLRVs officially retired on December 29, 2019. Both were replaced by the Flexity Outlook, a low-floor streetcar first introduced in 2014.

512 St. Clair
The 512 St. Clair  (312 St. Clair during overnight periods) is an east–west streetcar route in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, operated by the Toronto Transit Commission (TTC). It operates on St. Clair Avenue between St. Clair station on the Line 1 Yonge–University subway and Gunns Road, just west of Keele Street.
2013 Western Canada Cup
The 2013 Western Canada Cup was played April 26–May 5, 2013 at Nanaimo, British Columbia.  This was the first season for the Western Canada Cup, which succeeded the Anavet and Doyle Cups to decide the two western Canada entries in the Royal Bank Cup, Canada's Junior A ice hockey championship.

The Surrey Eagles (British Columbia) and Brooks Bandits (Alberta) finished first and second, respectively, and thereby qualified for the 2013 Royal Bank Cup.  The other teams competing were the Yorkton Terriers (Saskatchewan), Steinbach Pistons (Manitoba), and the host Nanaimo Clippers.

Brooks Bandits
The Brooks Bandits are a Junior ice hockey team in the British Columbia Hockey League (BCHL) based in Brooks, Alberta. The teams plays its home games at the Centennial Regional Arena. The team was formerly in the Alberta Junior Hockey League (AJHL), until they joined the BCHL in February 2024.
Australian twenty-cent coin
The twenty-cent coin of the Australian decimal currency system was issued with conversion to decimal currency on 14 February 1966, replacing the florin which was equivalent to two shillings, a tenth of a pound.

Obverse face designs have been: from 1966 to 1984, the head of Queen Elizabeth II by Arnold Machin; from 1985 to 1998, the head by Raphael Maklouf; from 1999 to 2019, the head by Ian Rank-Broadley; and in 2019 the head by Jody Clark was introduced. The obverse has the inscription AUSTRALIA and the year of issue on the right hand side, and ELIZABETH II on the left hand side.

Stuart Devlin's platypus, introduced in 1966, became the standard design for the reverse face.

The United Nations 20c was the first commemorative 20c coin issued for circulation in 1995. Commemorative designs had been issued for circulation previously in other denominations.

20c coins are legal tender for amounts not exceeding $5.

Jody Clark
Jody Clark (born 1 March 1981) is a British engraver formerly employed by the Royal Mint. He designed the fifth and final portrait of Queen Elizabeth II to feature on coins of the pound sterling, and that portrait was the sixth and final to feature on coins of the Australian dollar.
Kepler-62e
Kepler-62e (also known by its Kepler Object of Interest designation KOI-701.03) is a super-Earth exoplanet (extrasolar planet) discovered orbiting within the habitable zone of Kepler-62, the second outermost of five such planets discovered by NASA's Kepler spacecraft.  Kepler-62e is located about 990 light-years (300 parsecs) from Earth in the constellation of Lyra.  The exoplanet was found using the transit method, in which the dimming effect that a planet causes as it crosses in front of its star is measured. Kepler-62e may be a terrestrial or ocean-covered planet; it lies in the inner part of its host star's habitable zone.

Kepler-62e orbits its host star every 122 days and is roughly 60 percent larger (in diameter) than Earth.

Mini-Neptune
A Mini-Neptune  (sometimes known as a gas dwarf or transitional planet) is a planet less massive than Neptune but resembling Neptune in that it has a thick hydrogen-helium atmosphere, probably with deep layers of ice, rock or liquid oceans (made of water, ammonia, a mixture of both, or heavier volatiles).

A gas dwarf is a gas planet with a rocky core that has accumulated a thick envelope of hydrogen, helium, and other volatiles, having, as a result, a total radius of 1.7–3.9 R🜨 (Earth radii). The term is used in a three-tier, metallicity-based classification regime for short-period exoplanets, which also includes the rocky, terrestrial-like planets with less than 1.7 R🜨 and planets greater than 3.9 R🜨, namely ice giants and gas giants.

Mini-Neptunes overlap in radius and mass with steam worlds, which differ in lacking hydrogen and helium in their atmospheres, making them hard to distinguish without characterizing the atmosphere composition.
Putagán River
Putagán (in mapudungun: "water stream") is a river in Linares Province, Maule Region of Chile. The Putagán is born in the foothills of the Andes and, flowing from east to west, passes south of the village of the same name. Along its course, the river contributes to form the northern border of the municipality of Linares with the following municipalities (from east to west): Colbún, Yerbas Buenas and Villa Alegre, before joining the Loncomilla river.

Colbún
Colbún (Mapudungun: "Cleaning of the land") is a Chilean town and commune in Linares Province, Maule Region. The commune has a population of over 17,000 inhabitants and covers an area of 2,900 km2 (1,120 sq mi), making it the province's largest. Its capital, the town of Colbún, has 3,679 inhabitants (2002 census). It is 7 km (4 mi) west of the center of continental Chile.
New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation
The New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation (NYS OPRHP) is a state agency within the New York State Executive Department charged with the operation of state parks and historic sites within the U.S. state of New York. As of 2014, the NYS OPRHP manages nearly 335,000 acres (523 sq mi; 1,360 km2) of public lands and facilities, including 180 state parks and 35 historic sites, that are visited by over 78 million visitors each year.: 2

Historic site
A historic site or heritage site is an official location where pieces of political, military, cultural, or social history have been preserved due to their cultural heritage value. Historic sites are usually protected by law, and many have been recognized with official historic status. A historic site may be any building, landscape, site or structure that is of local, regional, national, or global significance. Usually this also means the site must be at least 50 years or older.
Benerson Little
Benerson Little is an American author, primarily of non-fiction, focusing on naval history, in particular, piracy and privateering in the 17th to early 18th centuries, including the Golden Age of Piracy in the Caribbean. Little has also established himself as an expert, more broadly, on these and other various types of "sea rovers" over history, including through to the present, and has authored several books related to these subjects. He has also applied his expertise to a variety of artistic and commercial productions, including for the Black Sails (2014-2017) television series, and for the modern board game Blood & Plunder (Firelock Games), serving as a historical consultant for both.

Piracy off the coast of Somalia
Piracy off the coast of Somalia occurs in the Gulf of Aden, Guardafui Channel, and Indian Ocean, in Somali territorial waters and other surrounding places and has a long troubled history with different perspectives from different communities. It was initially a threat to international fishing vessels during the early 2000s, only to rapidly escalate and expand to international shipping during the War in Somalia (2006–2009). The escalation of conflict between local Somali fishermen and foreign vessels occurred in a context where Somalia is estimated to lose approximately $300 million annually since 1991 due to the unauthorized extraction of marine resources using harmful methods, such as dynamite fishing, which is prohibited in a number of other regions.
Siegen
Siegen (German pronunciation: [ˈziːɡn̩] ⓘ) is a city in Germany, in the south Westphalian part of North Rhine-Westphalia.

It is located in the district of Siegen-Wittgenstein in the Arnsberg region. The university town (nearly 20,000 students in the 2018–2019 winter semester) is the district seat, and is ranked as a "higher centre" in the South Westphalian urban agglomeration.

In 1975, municipal reforms and amalgamations lifted Siegen's population above the 100,000 mark.

Olpe (district)
Olpe (German pronunciation: [ˈɔlpə]) is a Kreis (district) in the south-east of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Neighboring districts are Märkischer Kreis, Hochsauerland, Siegen-Wittgenstein, Altenkirchen, Oberbergischer Kreis.
Addington Railway Workshops
The Addington Railway Workshops was a major railway workshops established in the Christchurch suburb of Addington in 1877 by the Public Works Department, and transferred in 1880 to the newly formed New Zealand Railways Department (NZR). The workshops closed in 1990.

Workshop
Beginning with the Industrial Revolution era, a workshop may be a room, rooms or building which provides both the area and tools (or machinery) that may be required for the manufacture or repair of manufactured goods. Workshops were the only places of production until the advent of industrialization and the development of larger factories. In the 20th and 21st century, many Western homes contained a workshop in either the garage, basement, or an external shed. Home workshops typically contain a workbench, hand tools, power tools, and other hardware. Along with the practical application of repairing goods, workshops are often used to tinker and make prototypes.

Some workshops focus exclusively on automotive repair or restoration although there are a variety of workshops in existence today.  Woodworking, metalworking, electronics, and other types of electronic prototyping workshops are among the most common.
Kiunga, Papua New Guinea
Kiunga is a port town on the Fly River in the Western Province of Papua New Guinea, just upstream from the D'Albertis Junction with the Ok Tedi River. It is the southernmost terminus of the Kiunga-Tabubil Highway. Local industry rests on a cornerstone of freight and haulage, particularly from the Ok Tedi Mine and provisioning for the much larger town of Tabubil. Natural rubber has been an emerging industry more recently, with a processing/manufacturing plant being built in town.

Fly River
The Fly River is the third longest river on the island of New Guinea, after the Sepik and Mamberamo, with a total length of 1,060 km (660 mi). It is the largest by volume of discharge in Oceania, the largest in the world without a single dam in its catchment, and overall the 23rd-largest primary river in the world by discharge volume. It is located in the southwest of  Papua New Guinea and in the South Papua province of Indonesia. It rises in the Victor Emanuel Range arm of the Star Mountains, and crosses the south-western lowlands before flowing into the Gulf of Papua in a large delta. The Fly–Strickland River system has a total length of 1,224 km (761 mi),  making it the longest river system of an island in the world. The 824 km (512 mi) Strickland is the longest and largest tributary of Fly River, making it the farthest distance source of the Fly River.
Saroglitazar
Saroglitazar (INN, trade names Lipaglyn, Bilypsa) is a drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, NASH and NAFLD It is approved for use in India by the Drug Controller General of India. Saroglitazar is indicated for the treatment of diabetic dyslipidemia and hypertriglyceridemia with type 2 diabetes mellitus not controlled by statin therapy. In clinical studies, saroglitazar has demonstrated reduction of triglycerides (TG), LDL cholesterol, VLDL cholesterol, non-HDL cholesterol and an increase in HDL cholesterol a characteristic hallmark of atherogenic diabetic dyslipidemia (ADD). It has also shown anti-diabetic medication properties by reducing the fasting plasma glucose and HBA1c in diabetes patients.

Dyslipidemia
Dyslipidemia is a metabolic disorder characterized by abnormally high or low amounts of any or all lipids (e.g. fats, triglycerides, cholesterol, phospholipids) or lipoproteins in the blood. Dyslipidemia is a risk factor for the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases, which include coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, and peripheral artery disease. Although dyslipidemia is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, abnormal levels do not mean that lipid lowering agents need to be started. Other factors, such as comorbid conditions and lifestyle in addition to dyslipidemia, is considered in a cardiovascular risk assessment. In developed countries, most dyslipidemias are hyperlipidemias; that is, an elevation of lipids in the blood. This is often due to diet and lifestyle. Prolonged elevation of insulin resistance can also lead to dyslipidemia.
Angiofibroma
Angiofibroma (AGF) is a descriptive term for a wide range of benign skin or mucous membrane (i.e. the outer membrane lining body cavities such as the mouth and nose) lesions in which individuals have:

benign papules, i.e. pinhead-sized elevations that lack visible evidence of containing fluid;

nodules, i.e. small firm lumps usually > 1 mm in diameter; and/or

tumors, i.e. masses often regarded as ~8 mm or larger.

Lesion
A lesion is any damage or abnormal change in the tissue of an organism, usually caused by injury or diseases. The term lesion is derived from the Latin laesio, meaning "injury". Lesions may occur in plants and animals.
Yubo Ruan
Yubo Ruan (Chinese: 阮宇博), born in Beijing in 1996, is a tech entrepreneur and venture capitalist. He is the founder and CEO of 8 Decimal Capital, a venture capital investment firm focusing on early stage fintech, and Parallel Finance, a decentralized finance (DeFi) platform on multiple blockchains valued at $500 million.

Financial technology
Financial technology (abbreviated as fintech) refers to the application of innovative technologies to products and services in the financial industry. This broad term encompasses a wide array of technological advances in financial services, including mobile banking, online lending platforms, digital payment systems, robo-advisors, and blockchain-based applications such as cryptocurrencies. Financial technology companies include both startups and established technology and financial firms that aim to improve, complement, or replace traditional financial services.
Clarissa (1941 film)
Clarissa is a 1941 German romance film directed by Gerhard Lamprecht and starring Sybille Schmitz, Gustav Fröhlich and Gustav Diessl. Schmitz plays the domineering manager of a bank who eventually falls in love with one of the other employees.

It was shot at the Althoff Studios in Berlin and on location in Potsdam and the Baltic Sea.

Gustav Fröhlich
Gustav Friedrich Fröhlich (21 March 1902 – 22 December 1987) was a German actor and film director. He landed secondary roles in a number of films and plays before landing his breakthrough role of Freder Fredersen in Fritz Lang's 1927 film Metropolis. He remained a popular film star in Germany until the 1950s.
Howrey
Howrey LLP (aka Howrey Simon Arnold & White) was a global law firm that practiced antitrust, global litigation and intellectual property law. In March 2011, Howrey dissolved and subsequently entered bankruptcy. At its peak Howrey had more than 700 attorneys in 18 locations worldwide.

Law firm
A law firm is a business entity formed by one or more lawyers to engage in the practice of law. The primary service rendered by a law firm is to advise clients (individuals or corporations) about their legal rights and responsibilities, and to represent clients in civil or criminal cases, business transactions, and other matters in which legal advice and other assistance are sought.