hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
UFS (trade union)
UFS was a trade union representing workers, principally in finance, in the United Kingdom.

The union was established in 1988 with its headquarters in Cheltenham, Gloucestershire. It was a non-profit-making organisation, and was not affiliated to the Trades Union Congress or to any political party, although it was part of the Alliance for Finance.

UFS members came from many different employment sectors and the union had partnership agreements with some of the UK's major employers, including Zurich Financial Services, Capita Group (Life & Pensions), IBM and CSC.

Computer Sciences Corporation
Computer Sciences Corporation (CSC) was an American multinational corporation that provided information technology (IT) services and professional services. On April 3, 2017, it merged with the Enterprise Services line of business of HP Enterprise (formerly Electronic Data Systems) to create DXC Technology.
Archaeology of Pinagbayanan
Pinagbayanan is a barrio in the municipality of Pila, Laguna, Philippines. The 2010 census estimates its population at 5,305 people. Archaeological excavations in the area have contributed to developments in the field of ceramics and led to the recognition of the importance of the area to archaeology.

Pila, Laguna
Pila, officially the Municipality of Pila (Tagalog: Bayan ng Pila),  is a municipality in the province of Laguna, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 57,776 people.

The town is known for some well-preserved houses dating back to the Spanish period as well as the old Saint Anthony of Padua Parish Church, the first Antonine church in the Philippines.
Brian Rushton
Brian William Eric Rushton (21 October 1943 – 29 October 2023) was an English professional footballer who played in the Football League for Birmingham City and Notts County. He played as a full back.

Rushton was born in Sedgley, Staffordshire. He captained the Brierley Hill schools representative side before joining Birmingham City as an amateur in 1959. He made his debut in the First Division on 30 March 1963, deputising for Stan Lynn in a home game against Sheffield Wednesday which resulted in a 1–1 draw; this was the first of a run of eleven games, nine in the league and both legs of the League Cup semi-final, which ended when Lynn regained fitness. He played three more first-team games before joining Fourth Division club Notts County in 1967, but after one season, in which he played only three games, Rushton dropped into non-league football with Stourbridge.

Rushton died on October 29, 2023, at the age of 80.

Sedgley
Sedgley is a town in the north of the Dudley district, in the county of the West Midlands, England.

Historically part of Staffordshire, Sedgley is on the A459 road between Wolverhampton and Dudley, and was formerly the seat of an ancient manor comprising several smaller villages, including Gornal, Gospel End, Woodsetton, Ettingshall, Coseley, and Brierley (now Bradley). In 1894, the manor was split to create the Sedgley and Coseley urban districts, the bulk of which were later merged into the Dudley County Borough in 1966.

Most of Sedgley was absorbed into an expanded County Borough of Dudley in 1966, with some parts being incorporated into Seisdon and Wolverhampton. Since 1974 it has been part of the Metropolitan Borough of Dudley.
Union City, Pennsylvania
Union City is a borough in Erie County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is located 22 miles (35 km) southeast of Erie. In the twentieth century, there were three large chair factories, planing and grist mills, a powdered milk plant, and several furniture factories. The population was 2,934 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Erie Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Powdered milk
Powdered milk, also called milk powder, dried milk, dry milk, or (in food ingredient labeling) milk solids, is a manufactured dairy product made by evaporating milk to a state of dryness. One purpose of drying milk is to preserve it; milk powder has a far longer shelf life than liquid milk and does not need to be refrigerated, due to its low moisture content. Another purpose is to reduce its bulk for the economy of transportation. Powdered milk and dairy products include such items as dry whole milk, nonfat (skimmed) dry milk, dry buttermilk, dry whey products and dry dairy blends.  Many exported dairy products conform to standards laid out in Codex Alimentarius.

Powdered milk is used for food as an additive, for health (nutrition), and also in biotechnology (saturating).
European Route of Brick Gothic
The European Route of Brick Gothic (EuRoB) is an association of cities, towns, regions, municipalities and institutions that have Brick Gothic buildings in their territory or have their headquarters in a Brick Gothic building. The network also includes several sponsors and cooperation partners.

The route joins several hundred religious and secular buildings from Denmark, Germany and Poland, including monasteries, churches, town halls and town houses, as well as city fortifications such as city walls, towers and city gates.

The purpose of the association is the promotion of art and culture, of science, education and international understanding, and in particular the preservation of our common cultural heritage of Brick Gothic and its promotion to a larger public.

Townhouse
A townhouse, townhome, town house, or town home is a type of terraced housing. A modern townhouse is often one with multiple floors on a small footprint. In older British usage, the term originally referred to any type of city residence (normally in London) of someone whose main or largest residence was a country house.
Thomas Grüter
Thomas Grüter (born 8 December 1966) is a Swiss footballer who played as a goalkeeper. He played in the second half of the 1980s and in the 1990s. He is now businessman and owns an advertising agency. Grüter works as a goalkeeping coach for Egyptian club Zamalek SC.

FC St. Gallen
Fussballclub St. Gallen 1879, commonly known as St. Gallen, is a Swiss professional football club based in the city of St. Gallen, Canton of St. Gallen. It is the second oldest football club in continental Europe, after Kjøbenhavns Boldklub. The team competes in the Swiss Super League, the top tier of Swiss football.
Yên Thành district
Yên Thành is a rural district of Nghệ An province, in the North Central Coast region of Vietnam. As of 2019, the district had a population of 302,500. The district covers an area of 549 km2 (212 sq mi). The district capital lies at Yên Thành.

District (Vietnam)
Districts (Vietnamese: huyện), also known as rural districts or counties, were one of several types of former second-tier administrative subdivisions of Vietnam, the other types being urban districts (Vietnamese: quận), provincial cities (thành phố trực thuộc tỉnh), municipal cities (thành phố thuộc thành phố trực thuộc trung ương), and district-level towns (thị xã). The districts were subdivisions of the first-tier divisions, namely the provinces and municipalities. Districts were subdivided into third-tier units, namely townships and communes.

Districts and the whole second-tier of administrative subdivisions of Vietnam were eliminated in 2025, following a major governmental reform.
Respimat
Respimat, also known as Respimat Soft Mist Inhaler, is a drug delivery device used for the treatment of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and other respiratory conditions.

Its developer, Boehringer Ingelheim, is currently conducting approved in the U.S. with a variety of their products, such as tiotropium and ipratropium/salbutamol.  According to the manufacturer, the reusability of the inhaler reduces its carbon footprint by 71%.

Ipratropium bromide/salbutamol
Ipratropium bromide/salbutamol, sold under the brand name Combivent among others, is a combination medication used to treat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It contains ipratropium (an anticholinergic) and salbutamol (albuterol, a β2-adrenergic agonist).

Common side effects include sore throat, muscle cramps, and nausea. Other side effects may include bronchospasm, allergic reactions, and upper respiratory tract infections. Safety in pregnancy is unclear.

The combination was approved for medical use in the United States in 1996. It is available as a generic medication. In 2023, it was the 181st most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 2 million prescriptions.
Hoyt Peak
Hoyt Peak is a 10,506-foot (3,202 m) summit located on the shared border of Yellowstone National Park and North Absaroka Wilderness, in Park County, Wyoming.

It was named for John Wesley Hoyt (1831–1912), third Governor of Wyoming Territory. The mountain's name was officially adopted in 1895 by the United States Board on Geographic Names.

Sylvan Pass forms the low point of the saddle between Hoyt Peak and Top Notch Peak.

United States Board on Geographic Names
The United States Board on Geographic Names (BGN) is a federal body operating under the United States secretary of the interior. The purpose of the board is to establish and maintain uniform usage of geographic names throughout the federal government of the United States.
Crusader: Adventure Out of Time
Crusader: Adventure Out of Time, also known as Crusader: A Conspiracy in the Kingdom of Jerusalem is a 1997 video game, developed by Index+ and published by Europress. The game was published for Windows, Windows 3.x and Mac OS.

Europress
Europress was a British magazine and software publisher based in Adlington, near Macclesfield, Cheshire. Their magazine publishing business was previously known as Database Publications. The software division was renamed in 1999 to Actualize.
Vincenzo Tangorra
Vincenzo Tangorra (1866–1922) was an Italian academic and politician who served as the minister of treasury between October and December 1922. He worked at the University of Pisa and a member of the Italian Parliament for the People's Party.

University of Pisa
The University of Pisa (Italian: Università di Pisa, UniPi) is a public research university in Pisa, Italy. Founded in 1343, it is one of the oldest universities in Europe. Together with Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa and Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, it is part of the Pisa University System.
Sagger
Sagger may mean:

AT-3 Sagger, NATO reporting name of  9M14 Malyutka, a Soviet anti-tank missile

Sagger, a misspelling of saggar, a protective casing of fire clay in which delicate ceramic articles are fired

Sagger, someone who wears his pants very low, revealing an undergarment or buttocks, see sagging (fashion)

9M14 Malyutka
The 9M14 Malyutka (Russian: Малютка; "Little one", NATO reporting name: AT-3 Sagger) is a manual command to line of sight (MCLOS) wire-guided anti-tank guided missile (ATGM) system developed in the Soviet Union. It was the first man-portable anti-tank guided missile of the Soviet Union and is probably the most widely produced ATGM of all time—with Soviet production peaking at 25,000 missiles a year during the 1960s and 1970s. In addition, copies of the missile have been manufactured under various names by at least six countries.

Although they have been supplanted by more advanced anti-tank guided missiles, the Malyutka and its variants have seen widespread use in nearly every regional conflict since the 1960s and are still kept in large stockpiles and sometimes used to this day by non state actors such as Hezbollah.
Lapparentophis
Lapparentophis (meaning "Lapparent's snake") is an extinct genus of terrestrial ophidian known from the Kem Kem Beds of Northwestern Africa (Algeria, Morocco & Sudan) that was first described by Robert Hoffstetter in 1959. Two species are known: the type species, L. defrennei from Algeria, and a second species, L. ragei from Morocco, which is only known from the holotype MHNM.KK387 and the paratype MHNM.KK388, two isolated trunk vertebrae.

Lapparentophis is probably the sister taxon of the slightly younger Pouitella from the Cenomanian of France. Lapparentophis was initially believed to have been a snake, but later studies have found it to fall under Ophidia, the clade which Serpentes also belongs to.

Paratype
In zoology and botany, a paratype is a specimen of an organism that helps define what the scientific name of a species and other taxon actually represents, but it is not the holotype (and in botany is also neither an isotype nor a syntype). Often there is more than one paratype. Paratypes are usually held in museum research collections.

The exact meaning of the term paratype when it is used in zoology is not the same as the meaning when it is used in botany. In both cases however, this term is used in conjunction with holotype.
Listed buildings in Baldersby
Baldersby is a civil parish in the county of North Yorkshire, England.  It contains 28 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England.  Of these, two are listed at Grade I, the highest of the three grades, two are at Grade II*, the middle grade, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade. The parish contains the villages of Baldersby and Baldersby St James, and the surrounding countryside.  A high proportion of the listed buildings in the villages were designed by William Butterfield, and include a church and associated structures, its vicarage and associated buildings, houses, cottages and outbuildings, a bridge, a school, a school house and associated structures.  The other listed buildings include a milepost, and two telephone kiosks.

William Butterfield
William Butterfield (7 September 1814 – 23 February 1900) was a British Gothic Revival architect and associated with the Oxford Movement (or Tractarian Movement). He is noted for his use of polychromy.
Maité Allamand
Maité Allamand (29 October 1911 – 3 January 1996) was a Chilean writer and diplomat. Born Jeanne Dominique Marie Therese Allamand Madaune to a French family based in Chile, she was an influential figure in the early development of children's literature in that country. She was the director of the PEN Club and a member of the International Board on Books for Young People (IBBY). She received several awards, including the 1962 Municipal Prize of Santiago in the short story category and the 1969 IBBY CRAV prize.

International Board on Books for Young People
The International Board on Books for Young People (IBBY) is an international nonprofit organization committed to bringing books and children together. The headquarters of IBBY are located in Basel, Switzerland.
Congregation Mishkan Israel
Congregation Mishkan Israel is a Reform Jewish congregation and synagogue, located at 785 Ridge Road, in Hamden, Connecticut, in the United States. Founded in 1840, it is the oldest Jewish congregation in both Connecticut and New England, and the 14th oldest continuous operating synagogue in the United States.

Hamden, Connecticut
Hamden is a town in New Haven County, Connecticut, United States. The town's nickname is "The Land of the Sleeping Giant". The town is part of the South Central Connecticut Planning Region. The population was 61,169 at the 2020 census.
N-hash
In cryptography, N-hash is a cryptographic hash function based on the FEAL round function, and is now considered insecure. It was proposed in 1990 in an article by Miyaguchi, Ohta, and Iwata; weaknesses were published the following year.

N-hash has a 128-bit hash size. A message is divided into 128-bit blocks, and each block is combined with the hash value computed so far using the g compression function. g contains eight rounds, each of which uses an F function, similar to the one used by FEAL.

Eli Biham and Adi Shamir (1991) applied the technique of differential cryptanalysis to N-hash, and showed that collisions could be generated faster than by a birthday attack for N-hash variants with even up to 12 rounds.

Differential cryptanalysis
Differential cryptanalysis is a general form of cryptanalysis applicable primarily to block ciphers, but also to stream ciphers and cryptographic hash functions. In the broadest sense, it is the study of how differences in information input can affect the resultant difference at the output. In the case of a block cipher, it refers to a set of techniques for tracing differences through the network of transformation, discovering where the cipher exhibits non-random behavior, and exploiting such properties to recover the secret key (cryptography key).
1874 Haverfordwest by-election
The 1874 Haverfordwest by-election was fought on 12 June 1874.  The by-election was fought due to the voiding of the election of the incumbent Liberal MP, The Lord Kensington.  It was retained by the incumbent who ran unopposed.

William Edwardes, 4th Baron Kensington
William Edwardes, 4th Baron Kensington PC (11 May 1835 – 7 October 1896), also 1st Baron Kensington in the Peerage of the United Kingdom, styled The Honourable William Edwardes between 1852 and 1872, was a British landowner and Liberal politician. He notably served as Comptroller of the Household from 1880 to 1885 and as Captain of the Yeomen of the Guard from 1892 to 1895.
Take Ionescu Boulevard
Take Ionescu Boulevard (Romanian: Bulevardul Take Ionescu) is a boulevard in Timișoara, Romania. One of the busiest boulevards in the city, Take Ionescu Boulevard forms part of Timișoara's second urban ring, a vital corridor that slices through roughly a quarter of the city, including key areas such as Badea Cârțan Market and Trajan Square. Along the boulevard are located the Timiș County Police Inspectorate, as well as the ISHO edge city, built on the site of the former ILSA wool processing factory.

At the eastern end of Take Ionescu Boulevard is situated Ion I. C. Brătianu Square, one of Timișoara's principal roundabouts. Dominating the square is the Fountain of Cardinal Points, an iconic landmark constructed in 1978, notable for its prominent directional markers (N, NE, E, and so forth). In close proximity, the remnants of the Theresia Bastion and the Dicasterial Palace contribute additional historical and institutional value to the surrounding urban landscape.

Isho, Romania
Isho, sometimes stylized in all caps, is a mixed-use development edge city located in Timișoara, Romania. The project was conceived from the beginning to integrate residential, hotel, retail and entertainment functions. The mixed project includes, in addition to the previous facilities, a 7,500 m2 (81,000 sq ft) park, event rooms, offices, a multi-story car park and an expo pavilion. The gross area amounts to approximately 200,000 m2 (2,200,000 sq ft) with rentable area of about 135,000 m2 (1,450,000 sq ft). The complex is the home of the tallest residential buildings in Timișoara (Riverside A – 75 m and Parkside D – 70 m).
2017–18 Serbian First League
The Serbian First League (Serbian: Prva liga Srbije) is the second-highest football league in Serbia. The league is operated by the Serbian FA. 16 teams compete in the league for the 2017–18 season. Two teams will be promoted to the Serbian SuperLiga. Four teams will be relegated to the Serbian League, the third-highest division overall in the Serbian football league system. Bratstvo Prigrevica, the winner of 2016–17 Serbian League Vojvodina decided to forfeit its promotion, as did the second-placed Omladinac Novi Banovci. As a consequence, third-placed TSC took the vacant place. The season begun in August 2017 and will end in May 2018.

Football Association of Serbia
The Football Association of Serbia (Serbian: Фудбалски савез Србије, ФСС / Fudbalski savez Srbije, FSS) is the governing body of football in Serbia, based in Belgrade. It organizes Serbian football leagues, namely the Serbian Superliga, the Serbia national football team, as well as the Second Leagues.

FSS was part of the Football Association of Yugoslavia, which was founded in April 13, 1919 in Zagreb then the new Football Association of Serbia and Montenegro in 2003. It was established as Football Association of Serbia in 2006 after the split of Montenegro and Serbia as two different independent countries. Javier Clemente was appointed the first coach of the Serbia national football team. The current head coach is Dragan Stojković.
Feaver
Feaver is a surname. It is an English surname of Norman French origin, and is an anglicisation of Lefebvre, meaning "smith". Notable people with the surname include:

Douglas Feaver (1914–97), Anglican bishop

John Feaver (born 1952), British tennis player

Peter Feaver (born 1961), American professor of political science

Samuel Russell Feaver (1878–1946), New Zealand farmer, pharmacist, veterinary surgeon and photographer

Vicki Feaver (born 1943), English poet

Samuel Russell Feaver
Samuel Russell Feaver (5 February 1878 – 3 November 1946) was a New Zealand farmer, pharmacist, veterinary surgeon and photographer. He was born in St Leonards, Sussex, England. He moved to New Zealand in 1895 and settled in Ōpunake in 1900. He was a member of the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons for his invention of a small curved scalpel used in internal dissections and work on animal mastitis.
Marco Mancini
Marco Mancini (born 3 October 1960) was an Italian secret agent who was a member of the Carabinieri and the Dipartimento delle Informazioni per la Sicurezza (DIS). He was also the second-highest-ranking officer of SISMI, the military intelligence agency of Italy, until his 5 July 2006 arrest for his participation in the kidnapping of Hassan Mustafa Osama Nasr (the Imam Rapito case). He was then indicted a second time on 13 December 2006 for his role in the SISMI-Telecom scandal.

Dipartimento delle Informazioni per la Sicurezza
The Dipartimento delle Informazioni per la Sicurezza (DIS, 'Department of Information for Security') is a department of the Presidency of the Council of Ministers of Italy, instituted in 2007 as part of the reform of the Italian security services. The department is part of Sistema di informazione per la sicurezza della Repubblica (information system for security). It is currently headed by prefect Vittorio Rizzi.

The department is divided into several functional areas. The Central Security Office (Ufficio Centrale per la Sicurezza) deals specifically with administrative protection of state secrets, including the granting or withdrawal of security clearance to individuals and organisations, the Central Archives Office (Ufficio Centrale degli Archivi) coordinates and manages the data in the possession of the Italian secret services, and the Training School (Scuola di Formazione) is responsible for the training of government and civilian staff.
Manuel Sanguily
Manuel Sanguily (7 February 1933 – 15 November 2022) was a Cuban-American physician and swimmer who represented Cuba in the 1952 Summer Olympics and in the 1956 Summer Olympics. He was also the flag bearer for Cuba at the 1956 games.

Following his retirement from swimming, he studied medicine at La Habana Medical School. After the school was closed by Fidel Castro, Sanguilly moved to the United States and studied at Ohio State University. He worked as a doctor at a practice in Circleville, Ohio before moving to Tarrytown, New York and working in private practice. In 2010, he was sentenced to thirty months in prison for his role in large-scale prescription fraud.

Sanguily died in November 2022, from complications of COVID-19.

Tarrytown, New York
Tarrytown is a village in the town of Greenburgh in Westchester County, New York, United States, in the New York metropolitan area. It is located on the eastern bank of the Hudson River, approximately 25 miles (40 km) north of Midtown Manhattan in New York City, and is served by a stop on the Metro-North Hudson Line. To the north of Tarrytown is the village of Sleepy Hollow (formerly North Tarrytown). The Tappan Zee Bridge crosses the Hudson at Tarrytown, carrying the New York State Thruway (Interstates 87 and 287) to South Nyack, Rockland County and points in Upstate New York. The population was 11,860 at the 2020 census.

Historically, the name "Tarrytown" was applied to a wider area around the village, including the neighboring communities of what is now Sleepy Hollow, Pocantico Hills, and Eastview; Sleepy Hollow was once considered a suburb of Tarrytown.