hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cribbing (horse)
Cribbing is a form of stereotypy (equine oral stereotypic behaviour), otherwise known as wind sucking or crib-biting. Cribbing is considered to be an abnormal, compulsive behavior seen in some horses, and is often labelled a stable vice. The major factors that cause cribbing include stress, stable management, genetic and gastrointestinal irritability.

Cribbing was mentioned in the literature as early as 1578 and occurs in 2.4–8.3% of horses depending on breed and management.

A similar but unrelated behavior, wood-chewing or lignophagia, is another undesirable habit observed in horses, but it does not involve sucking in air; the horse simply gnaws on wood rails or boards as if they were food.

Compulsive behavior
Compulsive behavior (or compulsion) is defined as performing an action persistently and repetitively. Compulsive behaviors could be an attempt to make obsessions go away. Compulsive behaviors are a need to reduce apprehension caused by internal feelings a person wants to abstain from or control. A major cause of compulsive behavior is obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). "Compulsive behavior is when someone keeps doing the same action because they feel like they have to, even though they know these actions do not align with their goals." There are many different types of compulsive behaviors including shopping, hoarding, eating, gambling, trichotillomania and picking skin, itching, checking, counting, washing, sex, and more. Also, there are cultural examples of compulsive behavior.
Starry Internet
Starry Internet is a fixed wireless broadband Internet service provider (ISP or WISP) operated by Starry, Inc., using millimeter-band LMDS connections, sometimes categorized as 5G fixed wireless, to connect its base stations to customer buildings. Starry currently operates within Boston, New York City, Los Angeles, Denver, Washington, D.C., and Columbus, Ohio.

Local multipoint distribution service
Local multipoint distribution service (LMDS) is a broadband wireless access technology originally designed for digital television transmission (DTV). It was conceived as a fixed wireless, point-to-multipoint technology for utilization in the last mile.
LMDS commonly operates on microwave frequencies across the 26 GHz and 29 GHz bands. In the United States, frequencies from 31.0 through 31.3 GHz are also considered LMDS frequencies.

Throughput capacity and reliable distance of the link depends on common radio link constraints and the modulation method used –  either phase-shift keying or amplitude modulation. Distance is typically limited to about 1.5 miles (2.4 km) due to rain fade attenuation constraints. Deployment links of up to 5 miles (8.0 km) from the base station are possible in some circumstances such as in point-to-point systems that can reach slightly farther distances due to increased antenna gain.
Minnesota Historical and Cultural Heritage Grants
The Minnesota Historical and Cultural Heritage Grants is a grant program created with funds appropriated from the Arts and Cultural Heritage Fund, and administered by the Minnesota Historical Society. This program provides grants to projects in the state of Minnesota focused on preserving Minnesota's history and cultural heritage.

Grant (money)
A grant is a fund given by a person or organization, often a public body, charitable foundation, a specialised grant-making institution, or in some cases a business with a corporate social responsibility mission, to an individual or another entity, usually, a non-profit organisation, sometimes a business or a local government body, for a specific purpose linked to public benefit. A funding agreement is often used to reflect the funding and funded parties' understanding of the purpose for which the grant has been given. Unlike loans, grants are not intended to be paid back. Examples include student grants, research grants, the Sovereign Grant paid by the UK Treasury to the monarch, and some European Regional Development Fund payments in the European Union.
Lauren Valentine
Lauren Valentine is a fictional character from the British Channel 4 soap opera Hollyoaks, played by Dominique Jackson. First appearing in 2007, Lauren was written out of the show in 2010 along with the rest of the Valentine family as part of series producer Paul Marquess' overhaul of the series.

Paul Marquess
Paul Marquess (born 23 June 1964) is a television producer from Belfast, Northern Ireland. His credits include Brookside, The Bill, Family Affairs, Hollyoaks, Crime Stories, Suspects and Hope Street. He also originated the idea for the series Footballers' Wives. He currently holds the post of managing director of Newman Street, a label of Fremantlemedia.
Santino Di Matteo
Santino Di Matteo (born 7 December  1954), also known as Mezzanasca, is an Italian former member of the Sicilian Mafia from the town of Altofonte in the province of Palermo, Sicily, Italy.

Di Matteo took part in the killing of anti-Mafia judge Giovanni Falcone on 23 May 1992, near Capaci and also of the businessman Ignazio Salvo. After his arrest on 4 June 1993, he became the first of Falcone's assassins to become a government witness—a pentito. He revealed all the details of the assassination: who tunnelled beneath the motorway, who packed the 13 drums with TNT and Semtex, who hauled them into place on a skateboard, and who pressed the button to set them off.

Semtex
Semtex is a general-purpose plastic explosive containing RDX and PETN. It is used in commercial blasting, demolition, and in certain military applications.

Semtex was developed and manufactured in Czechoslovakia, originally under the name B 1 and then under the "Semtex" designation since 1964, labeled as SEMTEX 1A, since 1967 as SEMTEX H, and since 1987 as SEMTEX 10.

Originally developed for Czechoslovak military use and export, Semtex eventually became popular with armed groups and insurgents because, prior to the 2000s, it was extremely difficult to detect, as in the case of Pan Am Flight 103.
Witzøe
Witzøe is a surname of Norwegian origin. Notable people with the surname include:

Endre Magnus Witzøe (1875-1934), Norwegian ship broker and politician

Gustav Magnar Witzøe (born 1993), Norwegian billionaire

Gustav Magnar Witzøe
Gustav Magnar Witzøe (born February 8, 1993, in Frøya Municipality) is a Norwegian billionaire and significant shareholder of salmon fish farming company SalMar ASA. He is one of the youngest billionaires in the world, his father having made him SalMar's main shareholder for inheritance tax purposes when he was 18.
Matteo Pellicone Ranking Series 2021
The Matteo Pellicone Ranking Series 2021 was a wrestling event held in Ostia, Rome, Italy between 4 and 7 of March 2021. The first United World Wrestling Ranking Series event of the year, it featured multiple World and Olympic Champions, Pan-American Champions, European Champions, Asian Champions and NCAA Champions.

Pan American Wrestling Championships
The Pan American Wrestling Championships is the continental wrestling championships for nations from North America, Central America, South America and the Caribbean. Three wrestling styles, recognized internationally by UWW, have been contested annually since the inception, namely: Greco-Roman, freestyle and sambo wrestling. Since 1997, women's freestyle has also been contested along with the mentioned wrestling styles.
Šumiac
Šumiac (Hungarian: Királyhegyalja) is a village and municipality in Brezno District, in the Banská Bystrica Region of central Slovakia. Šumiac was historically the western-most municipality with majority Rusyn ethnicity, along with Telgárt and Vernár. Currently, most citizens record Slovak ethnicity, but retain Greek Catholic majority with affiliation by 70% of the locals.

Slovak Greek Catholic Church
The Slovak Greek Catholic Church or Byzantine Catholic Church in Slovakia, is a sui iuris (autonomous) Eastern Catholic church based in Slovakia. As a particular church of the Catholic Church, it is in full communion with the Holy See. The church is organised as a single ecclesiastical province with one metropolitan see. Its liturgical rite is the Byzantine Rite. In 2008 in Slovakia alone, the Greek Catholic Church in Slovakia had some 350,000 faithful, 374 priests and 254 parishes. In 2017, the Catholic Church counted 207,320 Greek Catholics in Slovakia worldwide, representing roughly one percent of all Eastern Catholics.
Waldenburg Hills
The Waldenburg Hills (German: Waldenburger Berge) are a forested hill range, up to 522.8 m above sea level (NHN), in the counties of Schwäbisch Hall and Hohenlohe in the south German state of Baden-Württemberg.

At the same time the Waldenburg Hills are one of five woodland regions in the Swabian-Franconian Forest Nature Park, which forms the western part of the Swabian-Franconian Forest. Its name is derived from the town of Waldenburg on its northern perimeter.

Schwäbisch Hall (district)
Schwäbisch Hall ([ˈʃvɛːbɪʃ ˈhal]) is a Landkreis (district) in the northeast of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from north clockwise) Main-Tauber, the Bavarian district Ansbach, Ostalbkreis, Rems-Murr, and Hohenlohe.
Krasnogorsk (camera)
Krasnogorsk (Красногорск) is a series of amateur cameras, consisting of spring-wound 16mm mirror-reflex movie cameras, and 35mm film still cameras designed and manufactured in the Soviet Union by Krasnogorsk Mechanical Works (KMZ), produced between 1966 and 1993.

There were four models of this series released by KMZ:

Krasnogorsk-1 (1966)

Krasnogorsk-2 (1966)

Krasnogorsk-3 (1971)

Krasnogorsk-4 (1974)

A total of 105,435 Krasnogorsk-3 cameras were produced between 1971 and 1993.

This series was used by studios and professional filmmakers, as well as the military, amateurs, and artists, not only in the USSR, but all over Eastern Europe, where it became one of the most popular 16mm movie cameras. As such, it also made a prominent appearance in Krzysztof Kieślowski's 1979 film Camera Buff. The Krasnogorsk cameras are still popular among independent filmmakers today.

Krzysztof Kieślowski
Krzysztof Kieślowski (Polish: [ˈkʂɨʂtɔf kʲɛɕˈlɔfskʲi] ⓘ, 27 June 1941 – 14 March 1996) was a Polish film director and screenwriter. He is known internationally for Dekalog (1989), The Double Life of Veronique (1991), and the Three Colours trilogy (1993–1994).

Kieślowski received numerous awards during his career, including the Cannes Film Festival Jury Prize (1988), FIPRESCI Prize (1988, 1991), and Prize of the Ecumenical Jury (1991), the Venice Film Festival FIPRESCI Prize (1989), Golden Lion (1993), and OCIC Award (1993), and the Berlin International Film Festival Silver Bear (1994). In 1995, he received Academy Award nominations for Best Director and Best Original Screenplay. In 2002, Kieślowski was listed at number two on the British Film Institute's Sight & Sound list of the top ten film directors of modern times. In 2007, Total Film magazine ranked him at No. 47 on its "100 Greatest Film Directors Ever" list.
Sobek
Sobek (Coptic: Ⲥⲟⲩⲕ, romanized: Souk), also known as Suchus (Ancient Greek: Σοῦχος, romanized: Soûchos), was an ancient Egyptian deity with a complex history and nature. He is associated with the Nile crocodile and is usually represented as a crocodile or crocodile-headed humanoid. Sobek was also associated with pharaonic power, fertility, and military prowess, but served additionally as a protective deity with apotropaic qualities, invoked especially for protecting others from the dangers presented by the Nile.

Apotropaic magic
Apotropaic magic (From Ancient Greek: ἀποτρέπω, romanized: apotrépō, lit. 'to ward off') or protective magic is a type of magic intended to turn away harm or evil influences, as in deflecting misfortune or averting the evil eye. Apotropaic observances may also be practiced out of superstition or out of tradition, as in good luck charms (perhaps some token on a charm bracelet), amulets, or gestures such as crossed fingers or knocking on wood, or as part of complex rituals of social transformation such as migration. Many different objects and charms are used for protection by many peoples throughout history.
Coyle and Sharpe
Coyle and Sharpe were a United States comedy duo appearing on the radio during the early 1960s. Composed of Jim Coyle (1932–1993) and Malcolm Sharpe (1936-2020), the duo's typical format was to satirize the "vox populi" interview, with off-the-wall questions posed to passers-by in a generally deadpan style as though it were a serious interview.

Vox populi
Vox populi (/ˌvɒks ˈpɒpjʊli, -laɪ/ VOKS POP-yuu-lee, -⁠lye) is a Latin phrase (originally Vox populi, vox Dei – "The voice of the people is the voice of God"; Latin: [ˈwɔks ˈpɔ.pʊ.lɪ ˈwɔks ˈdɛj]) that literally means "voice of the people." It is used in English in the meaning "the opinion of the majority of the people." In journalism, vox pop or man on the street refers to short interviews with members of the public.
West Dakota
West Dakota is a drag queen based in Brooklyn, New York. She was crowned Mr(s) Brooklyn at Brooklyn's largest drag pageant in 2016 and Drag Queen of the Year at the Brooklyn Nightlife Awards in 2019. West Dakota hosts a weekly drag performance, Oops!, along with drag queens Chiquitita (née HaraJuku) and Magenta. In 2020, West Dakota along with mentor Merrie Cherry, Ceyenne Doroshow, Raquel Willis, the family of Iyanna Dior, and several black and transgender community organizations (Marsha P. Johnson Institute, The Okra Project, and Black Trans Femmes in the Arts) organized one of the largest silent marches in recent New York history.

Black Trans Femmes in the Arts
Black Trans Femmes in the Arts is an American grassroots collective that provides support to Black trans women and Black trans nonbinary femmes in the arts. The organization, founded by Jordyn Jay, is based in New York, New York.
I-4 road (Bulgaria)
Republican road I-4 (Bulgarian: Републикански път I-4) is a major road in Northern Bulgaria. It runs between I-3 road, at the town of Yablanitsa, and I-2 road, at the city of Shumen. The total length of the road is 264.3 km (164.2 mi) and it follows European route E772. The road passes through the provinces of Lovech, Gaborovo, Veliko Tarnovo, Targovishte and Shumen.

Lovech Province
Lovech Province (Bulgarian: Област Ловеч, romanized: Oblast Lovech, former name Lovech okrug) is one of the 28 provinces of Bulgaria, lying at the northern centre of the country. It is named after its main city: Lovech. As of December 2009, the population of the area was 151,153. It covers a total area of approximately 4,129 square km and includes 8 municipalities.
Margaret E. Curran
Margaret E. "Meg" Curran served as United States Attorney for Rhode Island from 1998 to 2003.

The most notable case during Curran's tenure was the prosecution of the Operation Plunder Dome, which led to the conviction of Providence mayor Buddy Cianci on conspiracy charges. Curran, who was one of only 12 U.S. Attorneys appointed by President Bill Clinton to keep their posts after the election of George W. Bush, stepped down in 2003 because she has multiple sclerosis.

She currently serves as the chair of Rhode Island's Health Benefits Exchange Advisory Board.

Operation Plunder Dome
Operation Plunder Dome was an undercover investigation by the Federal Bureau of Investigation into political corruption within the government of the City of Providence, Rhode Island.

The operation first became public when the FBI executed a search warrant on Providence City Hall on April 28, 1999. The investigations that followed ultimately led to the indictment and subsequent conviction on federal criminal charges against a number of city officials including the 2002 indictment of then-Mayor Buddy Cianci.

Frank Corrente, Chief of Administration for Providence, was found guilty of extortion and bribery and sentenced to 56 months in prison. During the case, an investigative reporter for WJAR, Jim Taricani, refused to reveal who leaked a surveillance tape to him. He was convicted of criminal contempt of court on November 18, 2004 and sentenced on December 9, 2004 to six months of home confinement.
Lasse Norman Leth
Lasse Norman Leth; né Norman Hansen; (born 11 February 1992) is a Danish professional road and track racing cyclist, who currently rides for Danish club team Team CO:PLAY–Giant Store. During his track cycling career, he has won five medals (including two golds) at the Summer Olympic Games, ten medals (including three golds) at the UCI Track Cycling World Championships and six medals (including two golds) at the UEC European Track Championships.

2015–16 UCI Track Cycling World Cup
The 2015–16 UCI Track Cycling World Cup was a multi-race tournament over a track cycling season. It was the 24th series of the UCI Track Cycling World Cup organised by the UCI. The series ran from 30 October 2015 to 17 January 2016 and consisted of three rounds in Cali, Cambridge and Hong Kong.
Marthe Richard
Marthe Richard (née Betenfeld; 15 August 1889 in Blâmont – 9 February 1982) was a French prostitute and spy. She later became a politician, and worked towards the closing of brothels in France in 1946.

Popular Republican Movement
The Popular Republican Movement (French: Mouvement Républicain Populaire, MRP) was a Christian-democratic political party in France during the Fourth Republic.  Its base was the Catholic vote and its leaders included Georges Bidault, Robert Schuman, Paul Coste-Floret, Pierre-Henri Teitgen and Pierre Pflimlin.  It played a major role in forming governing coalitions, in emphasizing compromise and the middle ground, and in protecting against a return to extremism and political violence.  It played an even more central role in foreign policy, having charge of the Foreign Office for ten years and launching plans for the creation of the European Coal and Steel Community, which grew into the European Union.  Its voter base gradually dwindled in the 1950s and it had little power by 1954.
Wobble Wobble
"Wobble Wobble" is the debut single by 504 Boyz, released in 2000 from their debut studio album, Goodfellas. The song was produced by Beats by the Pound member Carlos Stephens and featured seven members of the group, Master P, C-Murder, Silkk the Shocker, Mac, Magic, Krazy and Mystikal. The production incorporates elements of the New Orleans hip-hop subgenre of bounce music. The Goodfellas version is a remix, since the original appeared on Magic's album Thuggin' first. The original version, also produced by Carlos Stephens, features a slightly different beat and only features Magic, C-Murder, and Mac.

The song became one of No Limit's biggest hits, peaking at number 17 on the Billboard Hot 100 and topping the Hot Rap Singles chart. It was the third biggest rap single of 2000, held from the top spot by Missy Elliott's "Hot Boyz" and Solé's "4, 5, 6".

Magic (rapper)
Awood Johnson Jr. (August 16, 1975 – March 1, 2013), better known by his stage name Magic (or Mr. Magic), was an American rapper from Downtown New Orleans, best known for his stint with No Limit Records in the late 1990s and early 2000s.
Indian Telly Award for Best Anchor
Indian Telly Award for Best Anchor is an award given by Indiantelevision.com as part of its annual Indian Telly Awards for TV serials, to recognize a person who has hosted a television reality show and been appreciated by the Indian audience.

Khullja Sim Sim
Khullja Sim Sim (transl. Open Sesame) is an Indian television game show which originally aired on STAR Plus for the first two seasons, premiered on 27 July 2001. The first season was hosted by Aman Verma and the second season by Hussain Kuwajerwala. The third season of the series premiered on BIG Magic on 17 September 2012, also hosted by Aman Verma, produced by 4 Lions Films.
Gum Tree, Kentucky
Gum Tree is an unincorporated community located in Monroe County, Kentucky, United States. It is concentrated around the intersection of Kentucky Route 678, Kentucky Route 870, and Kentucky Route 1366, northwest of Tompkinsville, north of Gamaliel, west of Mud Lick, Kentucky, and east of Flippin, Kentucky.  Gum Tree is home to one of Monroe County's voting precincts, which had over 900 registered voters as of 2014.

Tompkinsville, Kentucky
Tompkinsville is a home rule-class city in and the county seat of Monroe County, Kentucky, United States. The population was 2,309 at the 2020 census. The city was named after Vice President Daniel D. Tompkins who served under President James Monroe, for whom the county was named.
Gayley
Gayley is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Charles Mills Gayley (1858–1932), American English professor and academic administrator

James Gayley (1855–1920), American chemist and steel metallurgist

James Gayley
James Gayley (October 11, 1855 – February 25, 1920) was an American chemist and steel metallurgist who served as managing director of the Carnegie Steel Company, and as the first vice president of U.S. Steel from 1901 to 1908. He is credited with many inventions which greatly improved the fields of steel and iron making. For his contributions in the field of metallurgy, he was awarded the Elliott Cresson Medal in 1909, and the Perkin Medal in 1913.
Kiran Manandhar
Kiran Manandhar (born 1957) is a Nepalese painter, who was the founding chancellor of the Nepal Academy of Fine Arts from 2010 to 2014. He is considered one of the pioneering Nepalese abstract expressionist painters.

Vikram Samvat
Vikram Samvat (ISO: Vikrama Saṁvata; abbreviated VS), also known as the Vikrami or Bikrami calendar, is a Hindu calendar historically used in the Indian subcontinent and still also used in several Indian states and Nepal. It is a lunisolar calendar, using twelve lunar months each solar sidereal year. The year count of the Vikram Samvat calendar is usually 57 years ahead of the Gregorian calendar, except during January to March/April, when it is ahead by 56 years.

Vikram Samvat is an official calendar of Nepal where the first month is Baisakh and the last month is Chaitra. Unlike India where it is used only for religious dates (with first month starting with Chaitra), the solar version of Vikram Samvat is a civil calendar for general usage.
Wan Dzahanurin Ahmad
Wan Dzahanurin bin Ahmad is a Malaysian politician who has served as Member of the Selangor State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Sungai Kandis since August 2023. He is a member and Division Chief of Kota Raja of the Malaysian United Indigenous Party (BERSATU), a component party of the Perikatan Nasional (PN) and formerly Pakatan Harapan (PH) coalitions. He previously served as Member of the Shah Alam City Council (MBSA) and Division Deputy Chairman of PH of Kota Raja.

Selangor State Legislative Assembly
The Selangor State Legislative Assembly (Malay: Dewan Negeri Selangor) is the unicameral state legislature of the Malaysian state of Selangor. The State Assembly is composed of 56 members representing single-member constituencies throughout the state. Elections are held no more than five years apart, and by Malaysian political convention, are conducted simultaneously with elections to the federal parliament and other state assemblies (except Sabah and Sarawak).

It convenes at the Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah Building in the capital Shah Alam. Since 2008, Assembly proceedings have been broadcast live on the internet.