hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Henrik Valeur
Henrik Bjørn Valeur (French pronunciation: [valœʁ]; born 13 October 1966) is a Danish architect-urbanist, founder and creative director of UiD (Denmark) and UiD Shanghai Co., Ltd (China), curator of CO-EVOLUTION: Danish/Chinese Collaboration on Sustainable Urban Development in China, which was awarded the Golden Lion at the Venice Biennale of Architecture in 2006, and author of the book India: the Urban Transition - a Case Study of Development Urbanism (2014), which is based on his experiences teaching, researching and practicing in India.

Shanghai Urban Planning Exhibition Center
The Shanghai Urban Planning Exhibition Center (Chinese: 上海城市规划展示馆)  is located on People's Square, Shanghai, adjacent to the municipal government building. It was China's first city planning exhibition hall and similar halls later became common in major cities and new towns in China.
William Carvalho
William Silva de Carvalho ComM (born 7 April 1992) is a Portuguese professional footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder for Liga MX club Pachuca.

He spent most of his early career with Sporting CP since making his debut with the first team at age 18, going on to appear in 193 competitive matches and win the 2015 Taça de Portugal. In 2018 he signed with Real Betis, where he totalled 223 games and won the 2022 Copa del Rey.

A full international for Portugal since 2013, Carvalho represented the nation at three World Cups and two European Championships, winning the 2016 edition of the latter tournament.

Belgian Cup
The Belgian Cup (French: Coupe de Belgique; Dutch: Beker van België; German: Belgischer Fußballpokal) is the main knockout football competition in Belgium, run by the Royal Belgian FA. The competition started in 1908 with provincial selections as the "Belgian Provinces Cup". Starting from 1912 only actual clubs were allowed to partake. As of 1964, the Belgian Cup has been organised annually. Since the 2015–16 edition, the Belgian Cup is called the Croky Cup, for sponsorship purposes. The final traditionally takes place at the Heysel Stadium in Brussels.

The most successful cup club is Club Brugge with 12 Belgian Cups in their possession. The current champions are Club Brugge, having beaten rivals Anderlecht 2–1 in the 2025 final. The winners are awarded a challenge cup and qualify for the UEFA Europa League and the Belgian Supercup.
Marshall Terrace, Minneapolis
45°01′03″N 93°16′25″W﻿ / ﻿45.0176°N 93.2735°W﻿ / 45.0176; -93.2735
Marshall Terrace is a neighborhood in the Northeast community in Minneapolis. It is one of ten neighborhoods in Ward 1 of Minneapolis, currently represented by Council President Elliott Payne.

Minneapolis City Council
The Minneapolis City Council is the legislative branch of the city of Minneapolis in Minnesota, United States. Comprising 13 members, the council holds the authority to create and modify laws, policies, and ordinances that govern the city. Each member represents one of the 13 wards in Minneapolis, elected for a four-year term. The current council structure has been in place since the 1950s.

In recent elections, council membership has been dominated by the Minneapolis Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party (DFL). As of 2026, 12 members identified with the DFL, while four identified with Democratic Socialists of America (three members identify as both DFL and DSA). Until the 2021 Minneapolis municipal election, the city's government structure was considered a weak-mayor, strong-council system. However, a strong-mayor charter amendment was passed, and since 2021, the mayor holds executive power and the council has purely legislative duties.
Hugh Barker
Hugh Barker (1564 – 8 July 1632) was an English lawyer.

Barker was born in Culworth, Northamptonshire. He was educated at Winchester College, where he gained a founders' kin scholarship aged 13 in 1577; he later gave a silver-gilt cup to the college. He matriculated at New College, Oxford on 4 March 1585/6, holding a fellowship 1585–1591, graduating B.C.L. on 19 February 1591/2, D.C.L. on 17 June 1605.

He was master of the Prebendal School, Chichester, where his pupils included the jurist John Selden. He was later Chancellor of the Diocese of Oxford. He was admitted to Doctors' Commons on 9 June 1607.

He died in 1632, and was buried in the upper end of the chapel of New College, Oxford, where he is commemorated by a monument by Nicholas Stone with a Latin epitaph.

Bachelor of Civil Law
Bachelor of Civil Law (abbreviated BCL or B.C.L.; Latin: Baccalaureus Civilis Legis) is the name of various degrees in law conferred by English-language universities. The BCL originated as a postgraduate degree in the universities of Oxford and Cambridge; at Oxford, the BCL continues to be the primary postgraduate taught course in law. It is also taught as an undergraduate degree in other countries. The reference to civil law was not originally in contradistinction to common law, but to canon law, although common law was not taught in the civil law faculties in either university until at least the second half of the 18th century. However, some universities in English-speaking countries use the degree in the former sense.
Feriye Palace
The Feriye Palace (Turkish: Feriye Sarayı) is a complex of Ottoman imperial palace buildings along the European shoreline of the Bosphorus strait in Istanbul, Turkey. Currently, the buildings host educational institutions such as a high school and a university.

Strait
A strait is a water body connecting two seas or water basins. The surface water is, for the most part, at the same elevation on both sides and can flow through the strait in either direction, although the topography generally constricts the flow somewhat. In some straits, there is a dominant directional current. Most commonly, the strait is a narrow channel that lies between two land masses. Straits are loci for sediment accumulation, with sand-sized deposits usually occurring on the two strait exits, forming subaqueous fans or deltas. Some straits are not navigable because they are too narrow, too shallow, or due to the presence of a reef or archipelago.
Salsuginibacillus halophilus
Salsuginibacillus halophilus is a Gram-positive, halophilic, alkalitolerant, endospore-forming and rod-shaped bacterium from the genus of Salsuginibacillus which has been isolated from sediments from the Xiarinaoer soda lake in Mongolia.

Halophile
A halophile (from the Greek word for 'salt-loving') is an extremophile that thrives in high salt concentrations. In chemical terms, halophile refers to a Lewis acidic species that has some ability to extract halides from other chemical species.

While most halophiles are classified into the domain Archaea, there are also bacterial halophiles and some eukaryotic species, such as the alga Dunaliella salina and fungus Wallemia ichthyophaga. Some well-known species give off a red color from carotenoid compounds, notably bacteriorhodopsin.

Halophiles can be found in water bodies with salt concentration more than five times greater than that of the ocean, such as the Great Salt Lake in Utah, Owens Lake in California, the Lake Urmia in Iran, the Dead Sea, and in evaporation ponds. They are theorized to be a possible analogues for modeling extremophiles that might live in the salty subsurface water ocean of Jupiter's Europa and similar moons.
Catona
Catona (in the local dialect A Catùna) is an urban district (independent municipality until 1927) of Reggio Calabria, Italy, as part of the 8th district with neighborhoods Salice, Villa San Giuseppe and Rosalì. With about 15,000 inhabitants it is in the coastal area the northernmost district of the city, it borders to the north with Villa San Giovanni, to the south with Gallico; it overlooks the Strait of Messina. Etymology: Katà ta bounà> Kat'vouna> Catuna. "Byzantine" and modern Greek. "Under the mountains".

Villa San Giovanni
Villa San Giovanni (Southern Calabrian: Villa San Giuanni) is a port city and a municipality in the Metropolitan City of Reggio Calabria of Calabria, Italy. In 2010 its population was 13,747 with a decrease of 2.5% until 2016 and in 2020 an increase of 3.7%. It is an important terminal for access to Sicily and is also known for being the location of several police films.
Andrea Cavalleri
Andrea Cavalleri (born 1969) is an Italian physicist who specializes in optical science and in condensed matter physics. He is the founding director of the Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter in Hamburg, Germany and a professor of Physics at the University of Oxford. He was awarded the 2018 Frank Isakson Prize for his pioneering work on ultrafast optical spectroscopy applied to condensed matter systems.

Ultrafast laser spectroscopy
Ultrafast laser spectroscopy is a category of spectroscopic techniques using ultrashort pulse lasers for the study of dynamics on extremely short time scales (attoseconds to nanoseconds). Different methods are used to examine the dynamics of charge carriers, atoms, and molecules. Many different procedures have been developed spanning different time scales and photon energy ranges; some common methods are listed below.
Steroid-induced osteoporosis
Steroid-induced osteoporosis  is osteoporosis arising from the use of glucocorticoids (a class of steroid hormones) analogous to Cushing's syndrome but involving mainly the axial skeleton. The synthetic glucocorticoid prescription drug prednisone is a main candidate after prolonged intake. Bisphosphonates are beneficial in reducing the risk of vertebral fractures.  Some professional guidelines recommend prophylactic calcium and vitamin D supplementation in patients who take the equivalent of more than 30 mg hydrocortisone (7.5 mg of prednisolone), especially when this is in excess of three months. The use of thiazide diuretics, and gonadal hormone replacement has also been recommended, with the use of calcitonin, bisphosphonates, sodium fluoride or anabolic steroids also suggested in refractory cases. Alternate day use may not prevent this complication.

It is also known as glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis.

Sodium fluoride
Sodium fluoride (NaF) is an inorganic compound with the formula NaF. It is a colorless or white solid that is readily soluble in water. It is used in trace amounts in the fluoridation of drinking water to prevent tooth decay, and in toothpastes and topical pharmaceuticals for the same purpose. In 2023, it was the 264th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 1 million prescriptions. It is also used in metallurgy and in medical imaging.
Ezekiel Alebua
Ezekiel Alebua PC (June 1947 – 7 August 2022) was the prime minister of the Solomon Islands from 1 December 1986 until 28 March 1989. He served as Foreign Minister from 1981 to 1982. Alebua was the premier of Guadalcanal province from 1998 to 2003, and antagonised some people in that area for not supporting moves to declare that province independent.

In July 1988, Alebua was appointed to the Privy Council of the United Kingdom, and was thus entitled to the prefix "The Right Honourable" for life.

He was wounded in an assassination attempt by Harold Keke's group on 1 June 2001. During his prominence in national politics during the 1980s, Alebua was a member of the conservative Solomon Islands United Party.

Alebua died on 7 August 2022, following a prolonged illness.

The Right Honourable
The Right Honourable (abbreviation: The Rt Hon. or variations) is an honorific style traditionally applied to certain persons and collective bodies in the United Kingdom, the former British Empire, and the Commonwealth of Nations. The term is predominantly used today as a style associated with the holding of certain senior public offices in the United Kingdom, Canada, New Zealand, and, to a lesser extent, Australia and Nepal.

Right in this context is an adverb meaning 'very' or 'fully'. Grammatically, The Right Honourable is an adjectival phrase which gives information about a person. As such, it is not considered correct to apply it in direct address, nor to use it on its own as a title in place of a name; but rather it is used in the third person along with a name or noun to be modified.

Right may be abbreviated to Rt, and Honourable to Hon., or both. The is sometimes dropped in written abbreviated form, but is always pronounced.
Field hockey at the 2014 Asian Games
Field hockey at the 2014 Asian Games was held in Incheon, South Korea from 20 September to 2 October 2014.

The winners of the tournament qualified as Asian representatives to the 2016 Summer Olympics.

Field hockey at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Field hockey at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro took place from 6 to 19 August at the Olympic Hockey Centre in Deodoro. The competition had instituted several changes in the format and structure from the 2012 Summer Olympics. Twenty-four teams (twelve each for men and women) competed in the tournament.
Frank Murphy (sports administrator)
Frank Murphy (born May 1944) is an Irish Gaelic games administrator and former referee. He was secretary of the Cork County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association 1972 to 2018 and has served on numerous Gaelic games committees at national level.

Murphy is seen as the most powerful figure in Gaelic games in Cork. At times he has been viewed as a divisive figure due to his central involvement in all three strikes by the Cork senior hurling team and Cork senior football team between 2002 and 2009.

Murphy previously served as a referee at the highest levels, taking charge of numerous All-Ireland deciders, while he was also a selector at all levels with various Cork Gaelic football and hurling teams.

Cork county football team
The Cork county football team represents Cork in men's Gaelic football and is governed by Cork GAA, the county board of the Gaelic Athletic Association. The team competes in the three major annual inter-county competitions; the All-Ireland Senior Football Championship, the Munster Senior Football Championship and the National Football League.

Cork's home ground is Páirc Uí Chaoimh, Cork. The current manager is John Cleary.

Cork was the third Munster county both to win an All-Ireland Senior Football Championship (SFC), as well as to appear in the final, following Limerick and Tipperary. The team last won the Munster Senior Championship in 2012, the All-Ireland Senior Championship in 2010 and the National League in 2012.
Simón Bolívar String Quartet
The Simón Bolívar String Quartet is a Venezuelan string quartet. The ensemble consists of principal musicians of the Orquesta Sinfónica Simón Bolívar: The first formation was with Alejandro Carreño and Boris Suarez, violins; Ismel Campos, viola; and Aimon Mata, cello. Venezuela has been in the midst of a severe political and economic crisis for several years, which worsened significantly after the spring 2018 national election, the members of the Simón Bolívar String Quartet has changed and now the quartet is formed by Jesus Andrés Guzman Fajardo, Ollantay Velazquez, Santo Scala, and Mariana Fermin. Their recordings can be heard on the Deutsche Grammophon label. and DAG Klassical.

Deutsche Grammophon
Deutsche Grammophon (German: [ˈdɔʏtʃə ɡʁamoˈfoːn]; DGG) is a German classical music record label that was the precursor of the corporation PolyGram. Headquartered in Berlin Friedrichshain, it is now part of Universal Music Group (UMG) since its merger with the MCA family of labels in 1999. Deutsche Grammophon is the world's oldest surviving established record company. Presidents of the company are Frank Briegmann, Chairman and CEO Central Europe of Universal Music Group and Clemens Trautmann.
Hestad (surname)
Hestad is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Daniel Berg Hestad, Norwegian footballer

Eirik Hestad, Norwegian footballer

Harry Hestad, Norwegian footballer and manager

Monika Hestad, Norwegian industrial designer and researcher

Stein Olav Hestad, former Norwegian footballer

Harry Hestad
Harry Asbjørn Hestad (born 7 November 1944) is a Norwegian former football player and coach.
Just as his brother Stein Olav Hestad, Hestad played for Molde almost his entire career, only interrupted by two seasons in the Dutch club FC Den Haag. He was also an active player for the Norwegian national team from 1969 through 1976, scoring five goals in 31 matches.
Paint the White House Black
"Paint the White House Black" is an American funk and hip-hop single from the 1993 George Clinton album Hey, Man, Smell My Finger.

The song features the musical artists Chuck D, Public Enemy, Ice Cube, Dr. Dre, Yo-Yo, MC Breed, Kam and Shock G.

Shock G
Gregory Edward Jacobs (born Gregory Edward Racker, August 25, 1963 – April 22, 2021), known professionally as  Shock G and by his alter ego Humpty Hump, was an American rapper and musician who was best known as the lead vocalist of the hip-hop group Digital Underground. He was responsible for Digital Underground's "The Humpty Dance", 2Pac's breakthrough single "I Get Around", and co-producer of 2Pac's debut solo album 2Pacalypse Now (1991).
Castle Island, England
Castle Island is an island (ait) located within the River Wansbeck in Ashington, Northumberland.

Castle Island was historically part of the Ashington and North Seaton parishes. The island used to be much larger.

Since 2003, Castle Island has been a Local Nature Reserve. The island is home various bird species, such as Sandpiper, Greenshank, and Little Stint.

Ait
An ait (/eɪt/, like eight) or eyot (/aɪ(ə)t, eɪt/) is a small island. The term is especially used to refer to river islands found on the River Thames and its tributaries in England.

Aits are typically formed by the deposit of sediment in the water, which accumulates. An ait is characteristically long and narrow, and may become a permanent island should it become secured and protected by growing vegetation. However, aits may also be eroded: the resulting sediment is deposited further downstream and could result in another ait. A channel with numerous aits is called a braided channel.
William Gage, 2nd Viscount Gage
William Hall Gage, 2nd Viscount Gage (6 January 1717/18 – 11 October 1791) was a British politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1744 and 1780 when he was raised to the peerage as Baron Gage. He was equerry to the Prince of Wales.

Prince of Wales
Prince of Wales is a title traditionally given to the male heir apparent to the English, and later, the British throne. The title originated with the Welsh rulers of Gwynedd who, from the late 12th century, used it (albeit inconsistently) to assert their supremacy over the other Welsh rulers. However, to mark the finalisation of his conquest of Wales, in 1301, Edward I of England invested his son Edward of Caernarfon with the title, thereby beginning the tradition of giving the title to the heir apparent when he was the monarch's son or grandson. The title was later claimed by the leader of a Welsh rebellion, Owain Glyndŵr, from 1400 until 1415.

King Charles III created his son, William, Prince of Wales on 9 September 2022, the day after his accession to the throne, with formal letters patent issued on 13 February 2023. The title has become a point of controversy in Wales.
Macropoliana natalensis
Macropoliana natalensis is a moth of the family Sphingidae. It is known from forests and moist woodland from KwaZulu-Natal to Ethiopia and westwards to Cameroon, Ghana and Sierra Leone.

The length of the forewings is 55–70 mm for males and 65–75 mm for females and the wingspan is 107–126 mm.

The larvae feed on Spathodea nilotica, Spathodea campanulata, Markhamia lutea and Brachystegia species.

Markhamia lutea
Markhamia lutea, the Nile tulip, Nile trumpet or siala tree is a tree species of the family Bignoniaceae, native to eastern Africa and cultivated for its large bright yellow flowers. It is related to the African tulip tree.
Native to Africa, Markhamia was named in the honour of Clements Markham (1830–1916), who worked in India. An evergreen small tree that grows to 4–5 m in height outside of native zones, although it can reach more than 10 m in its zones of origin. Leaves, of 20–30 cm in length, normally arranged in groups in the ends of the branches. Flowers in terminal clusters. They are trumpet shaped, yellow in colour, with orange-reddish spots in the throat. They measure 5–6 cm in length. Fruit is a capsule, of up to 70 cm in length, with abundant winged seeds. It is propagated by seeds.
Đuro Vilović
Đuro Vilović (11 December 1889  – 22 December 1958) was a Yugoslav publicist, one of the most widely read and controversial writers of Croatian interwar literature and a member of the Chetniks.

Initially, a Croatian nationalist and a Roman Catholic priest, Vilović left the Roman Catholic church, joining a Serbian nationalist Chetnik movement during World War II and becoming a close ally of Draža Mihailović, for which he was sentenced to 7 years in prison at the Belgrade Process in 1946 by the new communist regime. He died on 22 December 1958 in Bjelovar.

Croatian literature
Croatian literature refers to literary works attributed to the medieval and modern culture of the Croats, Croatia, and Croatian. Besides the modern language whose shape and orthography were standardized in the late 19th century, it also covers the oldest works produced within the modern borders of Croatia, written in Church Slavonic and Medieval Latin, as well as vernacular works written in Čakavian and Kajkavian dialects.
2020 Cyprus Women's Cup
The 2020 Cyprus Women's Cup was the 13th edition of the Cyprus Women's Cup, an invitational women's football tournament held annually in Cyprus. It took place from 5 to 11 March 2020.

Croatia won the tournament for the first time.

Croatia women's national football team
The Croatia women's national football team represents Croatia in international women's football matches. It is governed by the Croatian Football Federation, the governing body for football in Croatia. It is a member of UEFA in Europe and FIFA in global competitions. The team's colours reference two national symbols: the Croatian checkerboard and the country's tricolour. They are colloquially referred to as the Lavice ('Lionesses'). So far, the Lavice have not qualified for any major tournament.
All Cats Are Grey
All Cats Are Grey (French: Tous les chats sont gris) is a 2014 Belgian coming-of-age drama film directed by Savina Dellicour and co-written by Dellicour and Matthieu de Braconier. All Cats Are Grey had its world premiere at the 32nd Turin Film Festival. It also screened as a special presentation during the 2015 Santa Barbara International Film Festival, where it won Best International Film. Critical response was generally strong and the film received nine nominations at the 6th Magritte Awards, including Best Film and Best Director for Dellicour.

Magritte Award for Best Director
The Magritte Award for Best Director (French: Magritte du meilleur réalisateur) is an award presented annually by the Académie André Delvaux. It is given in honor of a film director who has exhibited outstanding directing while working within the film industry. It is one of the Magritte Awards, which were established to recognize excellence in Belgian cinematic achievements.

The 1st Magritte Awards ceremony was held in 2011 with Jaco Van Dormael receiving the award for his work in Mr. Nobody. As of the 2022 ceremony, Laura Wandel is the most recent winner in this category for her work in Playground.
2017 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group I – Pool B
Pool B of the 2017 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group I was one of two pools in the Asia/Oceania zone of the 2017 Fed Cup. Four teams competed in a round robin competition, with the top team and the bottom team proceeding to their respective sections of the play-offs: the top team played for advancement to the World Group II Play-offs, while the bottom team faced potential relegation to Group II.

2017 Fed Cup World Group II play-offs
The World Group II play-offs were four ties which involved the losing nations of the World Group II and four nations from the three Zonal Group I competitions. Nations that won their play-off ties entered the 2018 World Group II, while losing nations joined their respective zonal groups.