hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Metroville Colony
Metroville Colony (Urdu: میٹروویل کالونی) is a neighborhood in the Karachi East district of Karachi, Pakistan. It was previously administered as part of the Gulshan Town borough, which was disbanded in 2011. The largest part of the neighbourhood contains the main campuses of the University of Karachi, NED University of Engineering and Technology and Education Hub Collegiate.

There are several ethnic groups in Metroville Colony including Muhajirs, Sindhis, Punjabis, Ismailis, Kashmiris, Seraikis, Pakhtuns, Balochis, Bohras and Christians.

Muhajir (Pakistan)
The Muhajir people (also spelled Mohajir and Mahajir) (Urdu: مہاجر) are a multi-origin ethnic group of Pakistan. They are the Muslim immigrants, of various ethnic groups and regional origins, who migrated from various regions of India after the 1947 independence to settle in the newly independent state of Pakistan, and their descendants.
Muhajirs come from various ethnic and regional backgrounds, with a significant portion of the community residing in Karachi and other major urban centers of Pakistan.

The total population of Muhajrs worldwide is estimated to be around 15 million, and the overwhelming majority of this figure (14.7 million) is located in Pakistan, according to the 2017 Pakistani census. Though the official controversial 2017 census of Karachi, which has historically hosted the country's largest Muhajir population, has been challenged by most of Sindh's political parties.
HMS Juniper
Two vessels of the British Royal Navy have been named Juniper for the juniper:

HMS Juniper (1809) was a Shamrock-class schooner launched at Bermuda. She participated in one campaign for which her crew was awarded the Naval General Service Medal (1847) with clasp "San Sebastian". She also participated in the capture of several merchant ships. The  Navy sold her in 1814.

HMT Juniper (T123) was a Tree-class minesweeping trawler launched in 1939. The German  heavy cruiser Admiral Hipper sank her on 8 June 1940 in the Norwegian Sea.

Naval General Service Medal (1847)
The Naval General Service Medal (NGSM) was a campaign medal approved in 1847, and issued to officers and men of the Royal Navy in 1849. The final date for submitting claims was 1 May 1851. Admiral Thomas Bladen Capel was one of the members of the board that authorised the medal.

The NGSM was awarded retrospectively for various naval actions during the period 1793–1840, a period that included the French Revolutionary Wars, the Napoleonic Wars and the Anglo-American War of 1812. Each battle or campaign covered by the medal was represented by a clasp on the ribbon. The medal was never issued without a clasp, 231 of which were sanctioned. The clasps covered a variety of actions, from boat service, ship to ship skirmishes, to major fleet actions such as the Battle of Trafalgar.

This medal and its army counterpart, the Military General Service Medal, were amongst the first real British campaign medals, issued to all ranks for serving in combat actions.
T. M. Lotha
T. Myingthungo Lotha (1951/1952 – 25 March 2020) was an Indian physician and politician who served in the Nagaland Legislative Assembly.

Born in Longsa village, Lotha studied medicine at Assam Medical College and the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Calcutta and became a government assistant surgeon in 1977.  He ran unsuccessfully in November 1987 for the Nagaland Legislative Assembly from the Wokha constituency in Wokha district as a member of the Nationalist Democratic Progressive Party.

Wokha Assembly constituency
Wokha is one of the 60 Legislative Assembly constituencies of Nagaland state in India. It is part of Wokha district and is reserved for candidates belonging to the Scheduled Tribes. It is also part of Nagaland Lok Sabha constituency.
Beffes
Beffes (French pronunciation: [bɛf]) is a commune in the Cher department in the Centre-Val de Loire region of France 
by the banks of the river Loire, about 27 miles (43 km) east of Bourges. The canal latéral à la Loire flows through the centre of the commune.

Cher (department)
Cher (/ʃɛər/ SHAIR; French: [ʃɛʁ] ⓘ; Berrichon: Char) is a department in central France, part of the Centre-Val de Loire region. Named after the river Cher, its prefecture is Bourges. In 2019, it had a population of 302,306.
Hamilton School District
The Hamilton School District is a school district in Waukesha County, Wisconsin, United States.

It serves all of Butler, most of Lannon and Sussex, parts of Lisbon and Menomonee Falls, and a small part of Pewaukee.

Established as a K-12 school district in 1961, Hamilton serves a 36-square-mile (93 km2) area of suburban and rural communities about 15 miles (24 km) north and west of downtown Milwaukee. The population is estimated at 40,000. Student enrollment is approximately 5,000.

Lisbon, Waukesha County, Wisconsin
Lisbon is a village in Waukesha County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 10,477 at the 2020 census. The unincorporated communities of Colgate and Lake Five are located partially in the village.
Greenside Law
Greenside Law is a hill in the Manor Hills range, part of the Southern Uplands of Scotland. The lowest Donald hill in the range, it is situated at the head of the Manor Valley, with its position somewhat in-between the adjacent ridges on its west and east. The easiest ascents (i.e. those with paths) are from the Manor Valley itself to the north, or Craigierig Farm to the south.

Southern Uplands
The Southern Uplands (Scottish Gaelic: Na Monaidhean a Deas) are the southernmost and least populous of mainland Scotland's three major geographic areas (the others being the Central Lowlands and the Highlands). The term is used both to describe the geographical region and to collectively denote the various ranges of hills and mountains within this region. An overwhelmingly rural and agricultural region, the Southern Uplands are partly forested and contain many areas of open moorland - the hill names in the area are congruent with these characteristics.
Fjarðarheiðargöng
65°15′36″N 14°13′34″W﻿ / ﻿65.260°N 14.226°W﻿ / 65.260; -14.226
Fjarðarheiðargöng (lit. 'Fjarðarheiði Tunnel'), also known as Seyðisfjarðargöng (lit. 'Seyðisfjörður Tunnel'), is a planned 13,300 metre long road tunnel along route 93 in eastern Iceland. The tunnel would replace a 600m high pass between Seyðisfjörður and Egilsstaðir. As of 2024, construction was scheduled to begin in 2025 with an expected construction time of about 7 years. The reason for construction is that the pass is often hit by snow storms making it impassable, and that the only car ferry reaching Iceland calls at Seyðisfjörður.

In 2025, the tunnel was delayed in the national transport plan and replaced with the Fjarðagöng tunnels, which will connect Seyðisfjörður to Mjóifjörður and Neskaupstaður instead. The Fjarðarheiðargöng tunnel is now estimated to be constructed some time after 2040.

Neskaupstaður
Neskaupstaður (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈnɛsˌkʰœypˌstaːðʏr̥]) is a town located on the fjord Norðfjörður [ˈnɔrðˌfjœrðʏr̥] on the eastern side of Iceland, against the Norwegian Sea. It is part of the municipality of Fjarðabyggð and, as of 2016, it has a population of 1,481. Neskaupstaður is the second largest town in Eastern Region. The town was originally built on a farm called "Nes", settled by Egill Rauði ("the red").

East Iceland regional hospital is located in the town.

The town was nicknamed "Little Moscow" in the 20th century due its strong socialist background.
Amal Kenawy
Amal Kenawy (1974–19 August 2012) was an Egyptian contemporary visual artist, best known for her videos, performance and feminist work. Active since 1998, her successful career helped her gain international recognition.

Dakar Biennale
The Dakar Biennale, or Dak'Art - Biennale de l'Art Africain Contemporain, is a major contemporary art exhibition that takes place once every two years in Dakar, Senegal. Dak'Art's focus has been on Contemporary African Art since 1996.
Cantuzumab ravtansine
Cantuzumab ravtansine (huC242-SPDB-DM4) is an antibody-drug conjugate designed for the treatment of cancers. The humanized monoclonal antibody cantuzumab (huC242) is linked to a cytotoxic agent, ravtansine (DM4). It uses a more hindered disulfide linkage than cantuzumab mertansine.

Disulfide
In chemistry, a disulfide (or disulphide in British English) is a compound containing a R−S−S−R′ functional group or the S2−2 anion. In inorganic chemistry, the anion appears in a few rare minerals. Compounds of the form R−S−S−H are usually called persulfides instead.

Disulfide bridges also appear as a common post-translational modification in proteins.
Halesworth railway station
Halesworth railway station is on the East Suffolk Line in the east of England, serving the town of Halesworth, Suffolk. It is also the nearest station to the seaside town of Southwold. It is 31 miles 74 chains (51.4 km) down the line from Ipswich and 100 miles 53 chains (162.0 km) measured from London Liverpool Street; it is situated between Darsham and Brampton. Its three-letter station code is HAS.

It is managed by Greater Anglia, which also operates all trains that call.

Greater Anglia
GA Trains Limited, trading as Greater Anglia, is a British state-owned train operating company that provides commuter and inter-city services from its Central London terminus at Liverpool Street station to Essex, Suffolk, Norfolk and parts of Hertfordshire and Cambridgeshire, as well as many regional services throughout the East of England.

It took over the services of the operator of the same name from Transport UK Group and Mitsui & Co on 12 October 2025.
Nevin M. Fenneman
Nevin Melancthon Fenneman (26 December 1865 – 4 July 1945) was an American professor of geology, with a long career at the University of Cincinnati. His contributions were primarily in the large scale geographical understanding of American geology and based on his wide ranging studies, he produced a classification of US physiographic regions using a three-tiered system of 8 major divisions, 25 provinces and 78 sections that remains in use today.

Heidelberg University (Ohio)
Heidelberg University is a private university in Tiffin, Ohio, United States. Founded in 1850, it was known as "Heidelberg College" until 1889 and from 1926 to 2009. It is affiliated with the United Church of Christ and enrolled 1,000 students in 2023.
Av (month)
Av (also Menachem Av, Hebrew: אָב, Modern: ʾAv, Tiberian: ʾĀḇ) is the eleventh month of the civil year and the fifth month of the ecclesiastical year on the Hebrew calendar. It is a month of 30 days, and usually occurs in July–August on the Gregorian calendar.

The Babylonian Talmud states that "when we enter [the month of] Av, our joy is diminished". This is because the darkest events in Jewish history occurred during the first week and a half of this month, particularly the Nine Days which culminate in Tisha B'Av, the 9th day of Av. However, the month also contains a holiday called Tu B'Av which was, in ancient times, considered one of the happiest days of the year.

Tiberian vocalization
The Tiberian vocalization, Tiberian pointing, or Tiberian niqqud (Hebrew: הַנִּקּוּד הַטְּבֶרְיָנִי‎, romanized: hanniqquḏ haṭṭəḇeryāni) is a system of diacritics (niqqud) devised by the Masoretes of Tiberias to add to the consonantal text of the Hebrew Bible to produce the Masoretic Text. The system soon became used to vocalize other Hebrew texts as well.

Tiberian vocalization marks vowels and stress, distinguishes consonant quality and length, and serves as punctuation. While the Tiberian system was devised for Tiberian Hebrew, it has become the dominant system for vocalizing all forms of Hebrew. It has long since eclipsed the comparatively rudimentary Babylonian and Palestinian vocalization systems for writing Biblical Hebrew.
Crescent (keelboat)
The Crescent Sailboat was built exclusively in Detroit, Michigan from 1953 to 1974. These boats were designed in 1953 by a Ford Motor Company engineer, Dick Hill and friends, who were experimenting with fiberglass. 27 hulls were constructed and raced One-Design. The class made a movement to become Olympic class boats at some point. The molds still exist and the boats are still raced very regularly. Bayview Yacht Club and the Detroit Sail Club are home to a great number of them.

The Crescent sloop was the first and currently oldest fiberglass racing One-Design class in the world. The boats are based at 95 St. Jean, Detroit Sail Club in Detroit, Michigan.

Sail components
Sail components include the features that define a sail's shape and function, plus its constituent parts from which it is manufactured. A sail may be classified in a variety of ways, including by its orientation to the vessel (e.g. fore-and-aft) and its shape, (e.g. (a)symmetrical, triangular, quadrilateral, etc.). Sails are typically constructed out of flexible material that is shaped by various means, while in use, to offer an appropriate airfoil, according to the strength and apparent direction of the wind. A variety of features and fittings allow the sail to be attached to lines and spars.

Whereas conventional sails form an airfoil with one layer of fabric, wingsails comprise a structure that has material on both sides to form an airfoil—much like a wing placed vertically on the vessel—and are beyond the scope of this article.
Jackson Mulinge
Jackson Kimeu Mulinge was a Kenyan military officer, and Chief of the General Staff in the 1980s. He was the longest serving head of Kenya's Armed Forces and the first Kenyan military officer to attain the rank of four-star general.

Chief of Defence Forces (Kenya)
The Chief of Defence Forces (CDF) is the highest-ranking military officer in the Kenya Defence Forces and the principal military adviser to the President of Kenya and the National Security Council. The CDF outranks all respective heads of each service branch and has operational command authority over the service branches. He leads the meetings and coordinates the efforts of the Service Commander, comprising the CDF, the Commander of the Kenya Army and Kenya Air Force, Kenya Navy and the Commandant of Military Intelligence. The CDF has offices in Ulinzi House. Following the 2010 Constitution, the Chief of the General Staff was replaced with the Chief of the Defence Forces.
Premiers and chief ministers of the Australian states and territories
The premiers and chief ministers of the Australian states and territories are the heads of the executive governments in the six states and two self-governing territories of Australia. They perform the same function at the state and territory level as the Prime Minister of Australia performs at the national level. The King of Australia and the state governors are the formal repositories of executive power; however, in practice they act only on the advice of state premiers and ministers except in extreme circumstances, such as a constitutional crisis.

Rosemary Follett
Rosemary Follett AO (born 27 March 1948) is an Australian former politician who was the first Chief Minister of Australian Capital Territory, serving in 1989 and again between 1991 and 1995.  She was the first woman to become head of government in an Australian state or territory.
Yasuhiro Kato
Yasuhiro Kato (加藤 康弘, Katō Yasuhiro; born 13 May 1986) is a Japanese former professional footballer who played as a midfielder.

Kato previously played for Nagano Parceiro in the Japan Football League and Osotspa Saraburi F.C. and the Royal Thai Army in the Thai Premier League. In March 2011 he signed a contract with the Latvian Higher League club FB Gulbene. On 7 July 2011, he joined to FK Ventspils. In February 2012 he signed a contract with the Ukrainian club Hoverla-Zakarpattia Uzhhorod for two years.

In summer 2015 he joined Slovenian Second League side NŠ Drava Ptuj.

FB Gulbene
FB Gulbene (formerly known as FB Gulbene-2005) is a Latvian professional football club based in Gulbene. The club plays its home matches at the Gulbenes Sporta Centrs stadium with capacity of 1,500 people. They were promoted to the Latvian Higher League for the 2015 season. However, on 3 June 2015, they were expelled from the top league and their results expunged on suspicion of match-fixing.
Astarte (bivalve)
Astarte is a genus of bivalve mollusc in the Astartidae family. It was circumscribed by James Sowerby in 1816. As of 2017, WoRMS recognizes approximately 33 species in this genus.

Species include:

Astarte acuticostata Friele, 1877

Astarte arctica (Gray, 1824)

Astarte borealis (Schumacher, 1817)

Astarte castanea (Say, 1822)

Astarte crebricostata McAndrew & Forbes, 1847

Astarte crenata (Gray, 1824)

Astarte elliptica (Brown, 1827)

Astarte fusca (Poli, 1791)

Astarte montagui (Dillwyn, 1817)

Astarte subaequilatera G. B. Sowerby II, 1854

Astarte sulcata (da Costa, 1778)

Astarte undata Gould, 1841

Approximately nine of its species can be found in the waters of Europe.

James Sowerby
James Sowerby (21 March 1757 – 25 October 1822) was an English naturalist, illustrator and mineralogist. Contributions to published works, such as A Specimen of the Botany of New Holland or English Botany, include his detailed and appealing plates. The use of vivid colour and accessible texts was intended to reach a widening audience in works of natural history. The standard author abbreviation Sowerby is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.
Gmina Strzelce Krajeńskie
Gmina Strzelce Krajeńskie is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Strzelce-Drezdenko County, Lubusz Voivodeship, in western Poland. Its seat is the town of Strzelce Krajeńskie, which lies approximately 25 kilometres (16 mi) north-east of Gorzów Wielkopolski.

The gmina covers an area of 318.57 square kilometres (123.0 sq mi), and as of 2019 its total population is 17,052.

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Barlinek-Gorzów Landscape Park.

Gorzów Wielkopolski
Gorzów Wielkopolski (Polish pronunciation: [ˈɡɔʐuv vjɛlkɔˈpɔlskʲi] ⓘ), often abbreviated to Gorzów Wlkp. or simply Gorzów (formerly Landsberg an der Warthe), is a city in western Poland, located on the Warta River. It is one of the two principal cities and seats of the Lubusz Voivodeship, with a population of 114,567 as of 30 June 2024.

The city has a history dating back to the 13th century and serves as a cultural, economic, and industrial hub in the region. Gorzów Wielkopolski is home to several historical landmarks, green spaces, and educational institutions, and is known for its strong tradition in speedway racing.

Around Gorzów, there are two large forest areas: Gorzów Woods to the north, where the Barlinek-Gorzów Landscape Park is situated, and Noteć Woods to the southeast. The biggest oil fields in Poland are located near Gorzów.
Battles for Vilnius (1918–1919)
The Battles for Vilnius in 1918–1919 (Polish: Walki o Wilno, Russian: Сражения за Вильно) were a series of battles fought in Vilnius between the pro-Polish Self-Defence of Lithuania and Belarus who were initially against the Imperial German Army retreating from the city and the Bolshevik paramilitaries (31 December 1918 – 3 January 1919) and then against the attacking Red Army (4–5 January 1919). The fighting resulted in the temporary capture of most of the city of Vilnius by the Poles, who eventually had to retreat before the Red Army came. Some historians consider this as the beginning of the Polish–Soviet war.

Władysław Wejtko
Władysław Wejtko (1 February 1859 – 16 November 1933) was a Polish general of the Imperial Russian Army, and later of the Polish Army. He fought on the side of the Second Polish Republic as a major-general in Józef Piłsudski's forces during the Polish-Soviet War of 1919–1921.
Golden Eggs
Golden Eggs is an unlicensed compilation of previously released recordings by English rock group the Yardbirds.  The LP record album was originally issued in 1975 by Trademark of Quality (TMQ), a Los Angeles–based enterprise that specialised in bootleg recordings.

The albums contains studio recordings by the group between 1964 and 1968.  About half of the tracks had been issued as the A-side and B-sides of singles (including two solo songs by singer Keith Relf), but remained unreleased on albums at the time.  The balance is made up of album tracks, most of which were unreleased in the UK.

The material, which was largely out of print in 1975, draws heavily on the Jimmy Page-era Yardbirds, plus a few recordings with Eric Clapton and Jeff Beck.  Due to its popularity, a sequel, More Golden Eggs, was issued by TMQ. Both albums featured cover artwork by William Stout.

Out of print
An out-of-print (OOP) or out-of-commerce item or work is something that is no longer being published. The term applies to all types of printed matter, visual media,  sound recordings, and video recordings. An out-of-print book is a book that is no longer being published. The term can apply to specific editions of more popular works, which may then go in and out of print repeatedly, or to the sole printed edition of a work, which is not picked up again by any future publishers for reprint.
Emil Theodor Kocher
Emil Theodor Kocher (25 August 1841 – 27 July 1917) was a Swiss physician and medical researcher who received the 1909 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work in the physiology, pathology and surgery of the thyroid. Among his many accomplishments are the introduction and promotion of aseptic surgery and scientific methods in surgery, specifically reducing the mortality of thyroidectomies below 1% in his operations.

Kocher was the first Swiss citizen and first surgeon to ever receive a Nobel Prize in Medicine. He was considered a pioneer and leader in the field of surgery in his time.

Neurosurgery
Neurosurgery or/and neurological surgery, also known in common parlance as brain surgery, is the medical specialty that focuses on the surgical treatment or rehabilitation of disorders that affect any portion of the nervous system, including the brain, spinal cord, peripheral nervous system, and cerebrovascular system. Neurosurgery as a medical specialty also includes non-surgical management of some neurological conditions.
Fletcher Trust
The Fletcher Trust is a charitable trust in New Zealand. Established in 1980, it grew from a philanthropic trust that had provided medical and educational benefits for employees of the construction company Fletcher Holdings. In 2002 the trust became an independent charitable trust organisation, focusing on educational philanthropy for projects in New Zealand.

The trust manages both the Fletcher Trust Archives and the Fletcher Trust Collection. The Fletcher Trust Archives are the largest corporate archives in New Zealand, focusing on material related to Fletcher construction projects and business activities dating back to 1911. The Fletcher Trust Collection is an art collection which includes nearly 600 artworks by over 250 artists, primarily focused on the New Zealand arts scene. The Trust also owns and funds Fletcher House, a historic house museum in Broad Bay, Dunedin.

William Hodges
William Hodges RA (28 October 1744 – 6 March 1797) was an English painter. He was a member of James Cook's second voyage to the Pacific Ocean, and is best known for the sketches and paintings of locations he visited on that voyage, including Table Bay, Tahiti, Easter Island, New Zealand, Dusky Sound and the Antarctic.