hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Centaurea diffusa
Centaurea diffusa, also known as diffuse knapweed, white knapweed or tumble knapweed, is a member of the genus Centaurea in the family Asteraceae. This species is common throughout western North America but is not  actually native to the North American continent, but to the eastern Mediterranean.

Urophora quadrifasciata
Urophora quadrifasciata is a species of tephritid or fruit flies in the genus Urophora of the family Tephritidae. The host plant for the larvae is usually a knapweed (Centaurea sp), and because of this, it is used to control Centaurea stoebe.
Paradiesgärtlein
The Paradiesgärtlein (Garden of Paradise) is a panel painting created around 1410 by an unknown painter referred to as Upper Rhenish Master. It belongs to the Mary in the rose bower type. The Paradiesgärtlein is one of the earliest paintings to naturalistically depict flora and fauna.

Panel painting
A panel painting is a painting made on a flat panel of wood, either a single piece or a number of pieces joined together. Until canvas became the more popular support medium in the 16th century, panel painting was the normal method, when not painting directly onto a wall (fresco) or on vellum (used for miniatures in illuminated manuscripts). Wood panels were also used for mounting vellum paintings.
Republican River Expedition
The Republican River Expedition was a United States Army campaign from June to July 1869, aimed at expelling hostile Plains Indians, particularly the Cheyenne Dog Soldiers, from the Republican River Valley in Kansas, Nebraska, and Colorado and mapping the uncharted terrain it crossed on the way. Led by Brevet Major General Eugene A. Carr of the Fifth U.S. Cavalry, the expedition sought to safeguard American settlement in the valley following increased Indian raids in the post-Civil War period. It concluded with the Battle of Summit Springs on July 11, 1869, a decisive US Army victory that curtailed significant Indian resistance in the region.

Battle of Summit Springs
The Battle of Summit Springs, on July 11, 1869, was an armed conflict between elements of the United States Army under the command of Colonel Eugene A. Carr and a group of Cheyenne Dog Soldiers led by Tall Bull, who was killed during the engagement. The US forces were assigned to retaliate for a series of raids in north-central Kansas by Chief Tall Bull's Dog Soldiers band of the Cheyenne. The battlefield is located south of today's Sterling, Colorado, in Washington County near the Logan/Washington county line.
Skavlen Transmitter
The Skavlen Transmitter is a television and radio guyed mast transmitter located about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) to the southwest of the village of Mosvik in Inderøy Municipality, Norway at 63°46′19″N 10°57′4″E﻿ / ﻿63.77194°N 10.95111°E﻿ / 63.77194; 10.95111. The transmitter is 165 metres (541 ft) tall. Among the channels broadcast from the station include NRK1, NRK2, TV 2 (television), NRK P1, NRK P2, NRK P3, Radio Norge and P4 Radio Hele Norge (radio). The transmitter was constructed in 1973.

63°46′19″N 10°57′04″E﻿ / ﻿63.7719°N 10.9510°E﻿ / 63.7719; 10.9510

P4 Radio Hele Norge
P4 Radio Hele Norge AS Norway's leading national, private radio station with 24% national market share, about one million daily listeners and two million weekly.

P4 Radio Hele Norge operates a nationwide public service-licence, with official requirements for news and information. It broadcasts via DAB+ and on the Internet. On 1 November 2006 the company launched an all-rock music station, Bandit, available via internet streaming, and previously also on DAB.

The headquarters is located in Lillehammer, with regional representation and broadcast-studios in Oslo. P4 have previously been represented with studios and offices in Sarpsborg, Bergen, Tromsø, Stavanger, Kristiansand and Trondheim.
2018 Speedway Grand Prix Qualification
The 2018 Individual Speedway World Championship Grand Prix Qualification was a series of motorcycle speedway meetings that were used to determine the three riders that qualified for the 2018 Speedway Grand Prix. The series consisted of four qualifying rounds at Esbjerg, Žarnovica, Lonigo and Abensberg, two semi-finals at Olching and Terenzano and the Grand Prix Challenge at Togliatti. The three riders that qualified were Przemysław Pawlicki, Artem Laguta and Craig Cook.

Tolyatti
Tolyatti or Togliatti, known before 1964 as Stavropol, is a city in Samara Oblast, Russia. It is the largest city in Russia which is neither the administrative center of a federal subject, nor the largest city of a subject. Population: 684,709 (2021 census); 719,632 (2010 census); 702,879 (2002 census); 630,543 (1989 Soviet census).

The city is best known as the home of Russia's largest car manufacturer AvtoVAZ (Lada). For this reason, Tolyatti is often dubbed "Russia's motor city" or "Russia's Motown" (in reference to Detroit in the United States—the spiritual home of the American automotive industry). It was renamed after Italian communist politician Palmiro Togliatti in 1964, upon his death in the Soviet Union.
William B. Williams (DJ)
William B. Williams (August 6, 1923 – August 3, 1986) was an American disc jockey on New York City radio station WNEW for over four decades.  He hosted the popular program Make Believe Ballroom.   Williams is particularly noted for coining the title "Chairman of the Board" for Frank Sinatra.

Unusually, Williams appeared in the November, 1966 issue of Detective Comics, in a story which involved Bruce Wayne and Dick Grayson, the civilian identities of Batman and Robin, appearing on his show. He was given a prominent appearance on the cover for the occasion.

Detective Comics
Detective Comics (later retitled as Batman Detective Comics) is an American comic book series published by Detective Comics, later shortened to DC Comics. The first volume, published from 1937 to 2011 (and later continued in 2016), is best known for introducing the superhero Batman in Detective Comics #27 (cover-dated May 1939).

A second series of the same title was launched in September 2011, but in 2016, reverted to the original volume numbering. The series is the source of its publishing company's name, and—along with Action Comics, the series that launched with the debut of Superman—one of the medium's signature series. Between 1937 and 2011, there were 881 issues of the series. It is the longest-running comic book series in the United States.
Natália Araújo
Natália Araújo (Brazilian Portuguese pronunciation: [naˈtaliɐ aɾaˈuʒu]; born (1997-04-10)10 April 1997) is a Brazilian indoor volleyball player. She is a current member of the Brazil women's national volleyball team.

Praia Clube
Praia Clube (Brazilian Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈpɾajɐ ˈklubi]) is a social and sports club from Uberlândia, Minas Gerais. It is best known for its professional volleyball teams which play in the Brazilian Women's and Men's Superleague.
Stansstad railway station
Stansstad railway station is a Swiss railway station in the municipality of Stansstad in the canton of Nidwalden. It is on the Luzern–Stans–Engelberg line, owned by the Zentralbahn railway company, and is adjacent to the bridge that carries the line across the Alpnachersee arm of Lake Lucerne and into the Lopper II tunnel.

The current railway station is the second to exist in Stansstad, having been built as a through station on the section of line opened in 1964 to connect the then Stansstad–Engelberg line to the Brünig line at Hergiswil. The original Stansstad station was a terminus, located on the lake side some 500 m (1,600 ft) to the north of the current station. The original station building still exists, now devoid of rails but still used by lake shipping. The old and new routes converge on the Stans side of Stansstad, but little trace is left of the old route.

Brünig railway line
The Brünig railway line (German: Brünigbahn) is a Swiss narrow gauge railway line that links Lucerne, in central Switzerland, with Interlaken, in the Bernese Oberland. The line runs via Alpnachstad, Giswil, Meiringen and Brienz, and passes over the Brünig Pass, using sections of rack railway to overcome the gradients, but with most of the line operated by normal adhesion methods.

The line is 74 kilometres (46 mi) long. It opened in stages between 1888 and 1916, and was, between 1903 and 2004, the only narrow gauge line of the Swiss Federal Railways. Today the line forms part, along with the Luzern–Stans–Engelberg line, of the Zentralbahn company. The line is served by Panorama Express trains that operate the full length of the line, with regular (non-rack) Regio trains between Interlaken and Meiringen, and Lucerne S-Bahn trains between Lucerne and Giswil. The section between Hergiswil and Lucerne is shared with the Luzern–Stans–Engelberg line.
Wolfgang Knabe
Wolfgang Knabe (born 12 July 1959) is a West German triple jumper.

He finished eighth at the 1981 European Indoor Championships and competed at the 1983 World Championships without reaching the final.

His personal best jump was 17.12 metres, achieved in September 1988 in Düsseldorf. This result places him ninth on the German all-time performers list, behind Ralf Jaros, Charles Friedek, Volker Mai, Dirk Gamlin, Peter Bouschen, Wolfgang Zinser, Jörg Drehmel and Jörg Elbe.

He became West German champion in 1988, representing the sports clubs SV Union Groß-Ilsede and TV Wattenscheid. He also won an array of silver and bronze medals between 1983 and 1994, and became West German indoor champion in 1986.

He has continued to jump into the Masters athletics age groups.  He is the current world record holder in the M45 and M50 age divisions.

TV Wattenscheid
TV Wattenscheid 01 Leichtathletik is a German sports club focused on athletics. Founded in 1971 in Wattenscheid, Bochum in the Western part of Germany, the club's history is linked to that of an older club, Turnverein Wattenscheid 01, a gymnastics club in the city which was formed in 1901. The club's main stadium for events and training is Lohrheidestadion.

The athletics section of the club grew in the mid-1960s and received sponsorship from Klaus Steilmann, a local businessman who was involved with textile manufacturing. Shortly after, the team split away from the main club to form a distinct, athletics-specific club. Among the club's first internationally successful athletes was Sabine Braun, who was twice heptathlon world champion. The current chairman of the club is former sprint athlete Jörg Klocke.
Derrybeg
Doirí Beaga (anglicised as Derrybeg, meaning 'small oak trees'), is a Gaeltacht  village and townland in the parish of Gweedore (Gaoth Dobhair) in County Donegal, Ireland. It includes RTÉ Raidió na Gaeltachta regional studios, a Gaelic Athletic Association, club and a golf club. According to the 2016 census 53.4% of the population spoke Irish on a daily basis outside the education system. The village is home of Tim Healy the nationalist politician.

Gaeltacht
A Gaeltacht (/ˈɡeɪltəxt/ GAYL-təkht, Irish: [ˈɡeːl̪ˠt̪ˠəxt̪ˠ], pl. Gaeltachtaí) is a district of Ireland, either individually or collectively, where the Irish government recognises that the Irish language is the predominant vernacular, or language of the home.
The Gaeltacht districts were first officially recognised during the 1920s in the early years of the Irish Free State, following the Gaelic revival, as part of a government policy aimed at restoring the Irish language.

The Gaeltacht is threatened by serious language decline. Research published in 2015 showed that Irish is spoken on a daily basis by two-thirds or more of the population in only 21 of the 155 electoral divisions in the Gaeltacht. Daily language use by two-thirds or more of the population is regarded by some academics as a tipping point for language survival.
HYDRAA
Hyderabad Disaster Response and Asset Protection Agency (HYDRAA) is a statutory body in Hyderabad responsible for the protection of public property and disaster management in the city. It was formed in July 2024 by reorganising the city's Enforcement Vigilance and Disaster Management Department (EV&DM). Senior Indian Police Service officer Inspector-General AV Ranganath was appointed as its Commissioner the same month.

Hyderabad City Police
Hyderabad City Police is the local law enforcement agency for the city of Hyderabad, Telangana and is headed by the Commissioner of Police. The city police traces its origins to 1847 under Hyderabad State.
Evergreen A-class container ship
The Evergreen A class (or Ever A) is a series of 13 container ships being built for Evergreen Marine. The largest ships have a maximal theoretical capacity of around 24,004 TEU and are among the largest container ships in the world. Six ships were built by Samsung Heavy Industries in South Korea. Another seven will be built by China State Shipbuilding Corporation (CSSC) at two shipyards in China.

As of August 2021, the record for most containers loaded onto a single ship is held by the Ever Ace, which carried a total of 21,710 TEU of containers from Yantian to Europe.

Twenty-foot equivalent unit
The twenty-foot equivalent unit (abbreviated TEU or teu) is a general unit of cargo capacity, often used for container ships and container ports. It is based on the volume of a 20-foot-long (6.1 m) intermodal container, a standard-sized metal box that can be easily transferred between different modes of transportation, such as ships, trains, and trucks.
Dzianis Melyantsou
Dzianis Melyantsou (Belarusian: Дзяніс Мельянцоў, Russian: Денис Мельянцов, occasionally also Denis Melyantsov; born 1980), is a Belarusian political scientist and commentator of foreign relations of Belarus. He is criticised for propaganda in Belarus and lobbyism of the authoritarian regime of Alexander Lukashenko.

Propaganda in Belarus
Propaganda in Belarus is the practice of state directed communication in order to promote patriotism and acceptance of Lukashenko's rule. Propaganda is distributed through state media, such as Belarus-1, which are owned by Belteleradiocompany, but also educational institutions are used for it.
Volodarka Raion
Volodarka Raion (Ukrainian: Володарський район) was a raion (district) in Kyiv Oblast of Ukraine. Its administrative center was the urban-type settlement of Volodarka. The raion was abolished on 18 July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Kyiv Oblast to seven.  The area of Volodarka Raion was merged into Bila Tserkva Raion. The last estimate of the raion population was 16,484 (2020 est.).

At the time of disestablishment, the raion consisted of one hromada, Volodarka settlement hromada with the administration in Volodarka.

Volodarka settlement hromada
Volodarka settlement hromada (Ukrainian: Володарська селищна громада) is a hromada of Ukraine, located in Bila Tserkva Raion, Kyiv Oblast. Its administrative center is the town of Volodarka.

It has an area of 619.2 square kilometres (239.1 mi2) and a population of 15,670, as of 2020.
Abu Wahab Abdullah ibn Umayr
ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿUmayr al-Kalbī (Arabic: عَبْد الله بِن عُمَيْر الْكَلْبِيّ), also known as Abū Wahb (Arabic: أبو وهب), was one of the companions of Husayn ibn Ali, who was killed along with him in the Battle of Karbala (680).  He belonged to the Kalb tribe, the majority of whom were adherents of Christianity at that time.  His wife Umm Wahab was amongst the female casualties in Husayn's army at the Battle of Karbala.

Shimr
Abū al-Sābigha Shamir ibn Dhī al-Jawshan (Arabic: أبو السابغة شمر بن ذي الجوشن), often known as Shamir or Shimar, was an Arab military commander from Kufa who killed Husayn ibn Ali, the grandson of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, at the Battle of Karbala in 680.
Spamd
spamd is an ISC-licensed lightweight spam-deferral daemon written under the umbrella of the OpenBSD project.   spamd works directly with SMTP connections, and supports features such as greylisting, minimising false positives compared to a system that does full-body analysis.   spamd is designed to work in conjunction with pf(4), and should be fully functional on any POSIX system where pf is available, i.e. OpenBSD, NetBSD, FreeBSD and DragonFly BSD.

ISC license
The ISC license is a permissive free software license published by the Internet Software Consortium, now called Internet Systems Consortium (ISC).  It is functionally equivalent to the simplified BSD and MIT licenses, but without language deemed unnecessary following the Berne Convention.

Originally used for ISC software such as BIND and dig, it has become the preferred license for contributions to OpenBSD and the default license for npm packages. The ISC license is also used for Linux wireless drivers contributed by Qualcomm Atheros, as well as by the LV2 plugin system.
2017–18 Sporting de Gijón season
The 2017–18 season was Real Sporting's 112th season in existence and the club's 45th season in the second flight of Spanish football, the first one since its last relegation. It covers a period from 1 July 2017 to 30 June 2018.

CD Lugo
Club Deportivo Lugo is a Spanish football team based in Lugo, in the autonomous community of Galicia. Founded on 8 July 1953, it plays in Primera Federación – Group 1, holding home games at Estadio Anxo Carro.
Carlos Pedroso
Carlos Alberto Pedroso Curiel (28 January 1967 – 25 December 2024) was a Cuban fencer. He won a bronze medal in the team épée event at the 2000 Summer Olympics. Pedroso died from burns suffered in a domestic incident, on 25 December 2024, at the age of 57.

Épée
The épée (/ˈɛpeɪ, ˈeɪ-/, French: [epe]; lit. 'sword'), also rendered as epee in English, is the largest and heaviest of the three weapons used in the sport of fencing. The modern épée derives from the 19th-century épée de combat, a weapon which itself derives from the French small sword.

As a thrusting weapon, the épée is similar to a foil (contrasted with a sabre, which is designed for slashing). It has a stiffer blade than a foil. It is triangular in cross-section with a V-shaped groove called a fuller. The épée also has a larger bell guard designed to protect the user’s arm. In addition to the larger "bell" guard and blade, the épée weighs more than the foil and sabre which contributes to its reputation of being the slowest form of fencing. The techniques of use differ, as there are no rules regarding priority and a lack of right of way. Thus, immediate counterattacks are a common feature of épée fencing. The entire body is a valid target area.
Hengwrt
Hengwrt (Welsh for 'old court') was a mansion near Dolgellau in Meirionnydd, Gwynedd. It lay in the parish of Llanelltyd near the confluence of the River Mawddach and River Wnion, near Cymer Abbey. With medieval origins, it was rebuilt or remodelled on several occasions before being demolished in 1962. It is remembered as the original home of the important collection of the Peniarth Manuscripts, now in the National Library of Wales.

Afon Mawddach
Afon Mawddach (Welsh for 'River Mawddach'; Welsh pronunciation: [ˈmaʊ̯ðaχ]) is a river in Gwynedd, Wales, which has its source in a wide area (SH820300) north of Dduallt in Snowdonia. Below Dolgellau it enters a wide estuary.
Arch of Triumph (1984 film)
Arch of Triumph is a 1984 British television film by HTV. It is based on the novel Arch of Triumph by Erich Maria Remarque, author of All Quiet on the Western Front. The novel was previously adapted in 1948 for a film of the same name with Ingrid Bergman and Charles Boyer. It was released on 19 December 1984 in the UK, and on 29 May 1985 in the US.

It was directed by Waris Hussein and produced by Mort Abrahamson, Peter Graham Scott and John Newland. The adaptation was by Charles E. Israel, the music score by Georges Delerue and the cinematography by Bob Edwards.

The film stars Anthony Hopkins, as Ravic, an Austrian doctor, Lesley-Anne Down as Joan Madou, and Donald Pleasence as Haake a Gestapo chief with Frank Finlay, Joyce Blair and Richard Pasco.

In the film, Joan Madou (Lesley-Anne Down) sings "J'attendrai".

Erich Maria Remarque
Erich Maria Remarque (/rəˈmɑːrk/; German: [ˈeːʁɪç maˈʁiːa ʁəˈmaʁk] ⓘ; born Erich Paul Remark; 22 June 1898 – 25 September 1970) was a German novelist. His landmark novel All Quiet on the Western Front (1928), based on his experience in the Imperial German Army during World War I, was an international bestseller which created a new literary genre of veterans writing about conflict. The book was adapted to film several times. Remarque's anti-war themes led to his condemnation by Nazi propaganda minister Joseph Goebbels as "unpatriotic". He was able to use his literary success and fame to relocate to Switzerland as a refugee, and to the United States, where he became a naturalized citizen.
Rebecca bat Meir Tiktiner
Rebecca bat Meir Tiktiner (Hebrew: רבקה בת מאיר טיקטינר; died 1605), was a Yiddish writer, whose works include a treatise on Jewish ethics in the style of musar literature as well as a poem about Simchat Torah.

Jewish ethics
Jewish ethics are the ethics of the Jewish religion or the Jewish people. A type of normative ethics, Jewish ethics may involve issues in Jewish law as well as non-legal issues, and may involve the convergence of Judaism and the Western philosophical tradition of ethics.
Won't Sleep
"Won't Sleep" is a song by Australian singer Tones and I. It was released on 14 May 2021 through Bad Batch Records, distributed by Sony Music in Australia and New Zealand and globally by Elektra Records as the second single from her debut studio album, Welcome to the Madhouse.

About the song, Tones and I said "I loved writing this song and playing around with the production, the bass and drums. It's a song about me and my friends staying home and partying through lockdown."

At the 2021 ARIA Music Awards, the Nick Kozakis, Liam Kelly and Tones and I directed video was nominated for Best Video.

Sony Music Australia
Sony Music Entertainment Australia is the predominant record label operated by American parent company Sony Music Entertainment in Australia. Prior to 1995, SMEA published and distributed video games in Australia & New Zealand on behalf of Sony Imagesoft and Sony Electronic Publishing Europe, and briefly operated Sony's PlayStation business in Australia & New Zealand on behalf of Sony Computer Entertainment Europe.

Sony Music Entertainment Australia, as of July 2017, also runs British multimedia Ministry of Sound Recordings' Australian operations on behalf of Sony Music UK, taking over from recently renamed TMRW Music, formerly a wholly owned subsidiary of Ministry of Sound until 2004.
2010 Apulian regional election
The Apulian regional election of 2010 took place in Apulia, Italy, on 28–29 March 2010.

The outgoing President Nichi Vendola (SEL) was elected for a second-consecutive term, after having won a primary election in which he beat a Democrat and having benefited from the split of the centre-right, whose two candidates jointly won 51.0% of the vote.

Vendola's party, SEL, had a strong showing in the Region by coming third with 9.7% of the vote, after The People of Freedom (31.1%) and the Democratic Party (20.8%).

Raffaele Fitto
Raffaele Fitto (Italian pronunciation: [raffaˈɛːle ˈfitto]; born 28 August 1969) is an Italian politician who has served as Executive Vice-President of the European Commission for Cohesion and Reforms since 2024. He previously was Minister for European Affairs and Minister for the South and Cohesion Policies in the government of Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni from 2022 to 2024. A member of Brothers of Italy (FdI), which he joined in 2019, he also served as President of Apulia from 2000 to 2005 and Minister for Regional Affairs and Territorial Cohesion from 2008 to 2011 in Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi's fourth government.