hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
5th New Jersey Infantry Regiment
The 5th New Jersey Infantry Regiment was one of four regiments formed by Governor Charles Olden upon requisition of President Abraham Lincoln on July 24, 1861. The regiment departed for Washington, DC on August 24, 1861, and camped at Meridian Hill.

Meridian Hill
Meridian Hill is a small urban neighborhood in Washington, D.C., located in Northwest D.C. Meridian Hill is often considered to be a part of the larger neighborhoods of Adams Morgan and Columbia Heights, which it sits between. The neighborhood is primarily residential, though it also hosts a number of diplomatic missions and embassies.

Meridian Hill was developed as part of the City Beautiful movement in the late 19th century, when socialite Mary Foote Henderson embarked on a major initiative to turn Meridian Hill into the city's most prestigious area. While the neighborhood lured many prominent figures to build mansions and embassies, Henderson did not achieve her goal of building a new Presidential Mansion on the central area of the hill, which was eventually developed into Meridian Hill Park.
Fulakunda
Fulakunda, also called Fulani or Fulacunda, is a dialect in the Fula language continuum. Fulakunda is primarily spoken in southern Senegal, specifically the Casamance region, the Gambia, and northern Guinea Bissau. This region is often referred to as Fuladou. It is spoken by the Fulakunda people, a sub-group of the Fulani or Fulbe. It is noted for the presence of many loanwords from Mandinka, although the two are not mutually intelligible.

Fulakunda is mutually intelligible with all other Fula dialects in Senegal, although it shares more similarities with Pulaar (also called Pulaar du Nord, the dialect of Fula spoken in the Senegal River Valley) than with Pula Futa, despite the latter's closer geographical range.

Casamance
Casamance is the area of Senegal south of the Gambia, including the Casamance River. It consists of the Lower Casamance (Basse Casamance, Baixa Casamança—i.e. Ziguinchor Region) and the Upper Casamance (Haute Casamance, Alta Casamança—i.e. Kolda and Sédhiou Regions). The largest city of Casamance is Ziguinchor.
2004 Hastings Direct International Championships
The 2004 Hastings Direct International Championships was a women's tennis tournament played on grass courts at the Eastbourne Tennis Centre in Eastbourne in the United Kingdom that was part of Tier II of the 2004 WTA Tour. It was the 30th edition of the tournament and was held from 14 June through 19 June 2004.

WTA Tier II tournaments
The WTA Tier II tournaments were Women's Tennis Association tennis second-level tournaments held from 1990 until the end of the 2008 season. The line-up of events varied over the years, with tournaments being promoted, demoted or cancelled.

From 2009 WTA Tour, WTA changed tournament categories, so that majority of Tier I and Tier II tournaments from the previous season were in one category, the WTA Premier Tournaments.
Ammu Swaminathan
Ammu Swaminathan or A. V. Ammakuti (22 April 1894 – 4 July 1978) was an Indian social worker and political activist during the Indian independence movement and a member of the Constituent Assembly of India.

Sambandam
Sambandam was the traditional marriage practiced by Nambudiris, Nairs, Samanthan and Ambalavasis among their own communities as well as with each other, in Kerala, India.

"Sambandham" was derived from the Sanskrit words "Sama" meaning "equal" and "Bandham" meaning "alliance."
2017 Northamptonshire County Council election
The 2017 Northamptonshire County Council election took place on 4 May 2017 as part of the 2017 local elections in the United Kingdom. County councillors were elected from all 57 electoral divisions which returned one county councillor to Northamptonshire County Council by first-past-the-post voting for a four-year term of office. These elections were the last held for Northamptonshire County Council before its dissolution in 2021.

2019–2023 structural changes to local government in England
2009

2019–2023

2027–2028 (planned)

Structural changes to local government in England took place between 2019 and 2023. Some of these changes continue the trend of new unitary authorities being created from other types of local government districts, which was a policy of Communities Secretary Robert Jenrick from 2019.

Ceremonial counties have not seen any changes to their boundaries, as the Lieutenancies Act 1997 was amended to reflect the new local government areas that comprise them.
VIN etching
In the United States, VIN etching is a countermeasure to motor vehicle theft, that involves etching a vehicle's VIN onto its windows to reduce the value of a stolen vehicle to thieves. The Federal Trade Commission includes VIN etching on a list of upsold services including extended warranties, service and maintenance plans, payment programs, guaranteed automobile or asset protection, emergency road service, and other theft protection devices, and warns consumers about the practice of upselling when buying a vehicle.

Upselling
Upselling is a sales technique where a seller invites the customer to purchase more expensive items, upgrades, or other add-ons to generate more revenue. While it usually involves marketing more profitable services or products, it can be simply exposing the customer to other options that were perhaps not considered.

It is distinct from cross-selling, in which a seller tries to sell something else. In practice, large businesses usually combine upselling and cross-selling to maximize revenue.
The Marriage Lie
The Marriage Lie is a 1918 American silent drama film directed by Stuart Paton and starring Carmel Myers, Kenneth Harlan and Harry Carter. Prints and/or fragments were found in the Dawson Film Find in 1978.

Stuart Paton
Stuart Paton (23 July 1883 – 16 December 1944) was a British director, screenwriter and actor of the silent era. Paton mostly worked with Universal, and is accredited with directing 67 films between 1915 and 1938. He also wrote for 24 films between 1914 and 1927.
Emily Bourke
Emily Sarah Bourke (born 1982) is an Australian politician. She has been a Labor member of the South Australian Legislative Council since the 2018 state election.

Bourke previously worked as a staffer for Premier Jay Weatherill. She was elevated to the top position on Labor's Legislative Council ticket by the Right faction after Leesa Vlahos withdrew.

After Labor won government at the 2022 state election, Bourke was appointed by new Premier Peter Malinauskas to Cabinet as Assistant Minister to the Premier. In August 2022, she was appointed the assistant minister for autism.

Following the resignation of Dan Cregan, Bourke was promoted to Cabinet, elevating the Autism portfolio and taking on Emergency Services and Correctional Services, and Recreation, Sport and Racing.

Premier of South Australia
The Premier of South Australia is the head of government in the Australian state of South Australia. The Government of South Australia follows the Westminster system, with the Parliament of South Australia acting as the legislature. The Premier is appointed by the Governor of South Australia, and by modern convention holds office by virtue of their ability to command the support of a majority of members of the lower house of Parliament, the House of Assembly.

Peter Malinauskas is the current Premier, having served since 21 March 2022. Thomas Playford IV is the longest serving Premier, and the longest serving head of government in Australian history, serving for over 26 years from 1938 until 1965, holding on to power thanks the Playmander.
Mark Bako Useni
Mark Bako Useni, RT. HON (born 30 June 1970) is a Nigerian politician and a member of the All Progressives Congress, representing Takum/Donga/Ussa in the House of Representatives. He has served as the Speaker of the Taraba State House of Assembly in the 7th and 8th Assembly consecutively.

Useni has served in various capacities in both the executive and legislative arms of government. He is currently the member representing Takum II constituency and also the chairman, House of the Representatives Committee on Basic Education & Services in the 10th Nigeria National Assembly since June 2023.

Ussa
UssaListenⓘ  is a local government area in Taraba State, Nigeria . Its headquarters is in the town of Lissam. Ussa borders the Republic of Cameroon in the south; the Donga River forms its northern boundary. Ussa was created in 1996 during the regime of General Sani Abacha after an earlier attempt failed in 1983, Aticwo (kpambo), Rufu, Lumbu, Fikyu, Acha, Kpambo Puri, are some of the district councils within Ussa.

It has an area of 1,495 km2 (577 sq mi) and a population of 92,017 at the 2006 census. Kuteb people are the  ethnicity  located in large population here.

The postal code of the area is 671.

There are 11 Wards in USSA local government area: BIKA, FIKYU, JENUWA, KPAMBO, KPAMBO PURI, KWAMBAI,  KWESATI, LISSAM I, LISSAM II, LUMBU, RUFU
Kari Rueslåtten
Kari Rueslåtten (born 3 October 1973) is a Norwegian soprano singer, songwriter and keyboardist, who was well known for being the lead singer and songwriter for the Norwegian doom metal/experimental band, The 3rd and the Mortal. The 3rd and the Mortal was one of the early bands that used a lead female singer in the metal scene, in which inspired bands such as The Gathering, Flowing Tears and Nightwish.

Flowing Tears
Flowing Tears was a German gothic metal band founded in 1993 in Wadgassen. Their original name was Flowing Tears & Withered Flowers, which they used for their first several releases. The band's final lineup consisted of vocalist Helen Vogt, guitarist/keyboardist Benjamin Buss, bassist David Vogt and drummer Stefan Gemballa.
Yukon Ice Patches
The Yukon Ice Patches are a series of dozens of ice patches in the southern Yukon discovered in 1997, which have preserved hundreds of archaeological artifacts, with some more than 9,000 years old. The first ice patch was discovered on the mountain Thandlät, west of the Kusawa Lake campground which is 60 km (37 mi) west of Whitehorse, Yukon. The Yukon Ice Patch Project began shortly afterwards with a partnership between archaeologists in partnership with six Yukon First Nations, on whose traditional territory the ice patches were found. They include the Carcross/Tagish First Nation, the Kwanlin Dün First Nation, the Ta’an Kwäch’än Council, the Champagne and Aishihik First Nations, the Kluane First Nation, and the Teslin Tlingit Council.

Whitehorse
Whitehorse is the capital of Yukon, and the largest city in Northern Canada. It was incorporated in 1950 and is located at kilometre 1426 (Historic Mile 918) on the Alaska Highway in southern Yukon. Whitehorse's downtown and Riverdale areas occupy both shores of the Yukon River, which rises in British Columbia and meets the Bering Sea in Alaska. The city was named after the White Horse Rapids for their resemblance to the mane of a white horse.

Because of the city's location in the Whitehorse valley and relative proximity to the Pacific Ocean, the climate tends to be milder. At this latitude, winter days are short and summer days have up to about 19 hours of daylight.

As of the 2021 Canadian census, the population was 28,201 within city boundaries and 31,913 in the census agglomeration. These figures represent approximately 70 and 79 percent, respectively, of the total population of Yukon.
David Bonafed
David ben Reuben Bonafed known as Rabbeinu David was one of the leading Spanish Jewish scholars in the 13th century.

He was a disciple of Nachmanides. His written teachings influenced the writings of the Ran, who frequently cites him, sometimes even copying entire paragraphs of his insights. His style is distinguished by an extensive elaboration of Talmudic topics, in contrast to the concise writing typical of other early authorities.

Nissim of Gerona
Nissim ben Reuven (1290 – 9th of Shevat, 1376, Hebrew: נִסִּים בֶּן רְאוּבֵן) of Girona, Catalonia was an influential talmudist and  authority on Jewish law. He was one of the last of the great Spanish medieval Talmudic scholars. He is also known by his Hebrew acronym, the RaN (ר"ן‎), or else with the definite article HaRaN (הר"ן‎), as well as by the name RaNbaR (רנב"ר‎), the Hebrew acronym of his full name, including his father's name, Reuven (ראובן‎), and also by Nissim Gerondi.
Sholto David
Sholto David is a British molecular biologist and blogger. He is known for identifying flaws in scientific papers.

He graduated from Newcastle University in 2019 with a PhD in cellular and molecular biology. Since then, he has posted entries on over 2,000 flawed scientific studies.

On January 2, 2024, David made a blog post focused on image irregularities with 30 papers published by scientists from the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, including some by CEO Laurie Glimcher and COO William Hahn. In December 2025, the Department of Justice announced that Dana-Farber agreed to pay $15 million to resolve allegations that, between 2014 and 2024, it violated the False Claims Act. As whistleblower, Sholto received 17.5% of the settlement, $2.6 million.

Laurie Glimcher
Laurie Hollis Glimcher (born 1951) is an American physician-scientist and former President and CEO of Dana–Farber Cancer Institute.  She was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2019. Glimcher has been at the center of controversies related to animal rights activists, excessive corporate payments, and research misconduct. A 2021 investigation by the Boston Globe Spotlight team highlighted Glimcher’s activities on multiple corporate boards, including Bristol Myers Squibb, GlaxoSmithKline, and Analog Devices. After this investigation, Glimcher continued to receive compensation on for-profit boards, while doubling her salary to $4 million per year at Dana-Farber.

In October 2024, Glimcher stepped down as President and CEO of Dana-Farber because an investigation revealed falsified data in research papers she published.
Two Dogs Fuckin'
Two Dogs Fuckin' is the first album by rock band Let 3. The album was released in 1989 by Helidon.

The album was digitally remastered in 2009 by Dallas Records following the 20 year anniversary of the album.

Dallas Records
Dallas Records is a Croatian record label. It was established in 1987 (in Slovenia), and is owned and run by Goran Lisica - Fox, a music producer and manager who started his career in the 1970s as a music journalist.

Signed artists include Gibonni, Severina, Neno Belan, Danijela Martinović, Doris Dragović, BluVinil, Jinx and Let 3.
Columbia-Shuswap D
The Columbia-Shuswap Electoral Area D, referred to by Statistics Canada as Columbia-Shuswap D, is a regional district electoral area in the South-west corner of the Columbia-Shuswap Regional District of British Columbia. It contains the communities of Falkland, Ranchero, and Silver Creek. The population of this area, exclusive of any residents of Indian Reserves, is around 4000 people. Agriculture is the main economy for the area. The Salmon River flows through it before going into Shuswap Lake.

Falkland, British Columbia
Falkland is an unincorporated community located in the Columbia-Shuswap Regional District of British Columbia, Canada.

Recognized as being home to one of Canada's largest Canadian flags, and the annual Falkland Stampede, the Falkland area has a wide array of lakes, which are used for fishing and recreation.
Mahone Bay
Mahone Bay is a bay on the Atlantic coast of Nova Scotia, Canada along the eastern end of Lunenburg County. The bay has many islands (potentially 365), and is a popular sailing area. Since 2003 the Mahone Islands Conservation Association has been working to protect the natural environment of the bay. The bay and its islands contain a variety of habitats including forests, rocky shores, beaches, wetlands, and mudflats. Wildlife in the area include black guillemots, eagles, osprey, leach's storm petrels, puffins, razorbills, and great blue herons.

Great blue heron
The great blue heron (Ardea herodias) is a large wading bird in the heron family Ardeidae, common near the shores of open water and in wetlands over most of North and Central America, as well as far northwestern South America, the Caribbean and the Galápagos Islands. It is occasionally found in the Azores and is a rare vagrant to Europe. An all-white population found in south Florida and the Florida Keys is known as the great white heron. Debate exists about whether these white birds are a color morph of the great blue heron, a subspecies of it, or an entirely separate species.
Atanas Atanasov (long jumper)
Atanas Zapryanov Atanasov (Bulgarian: Атанас Атанасов; born 7 October 1956) is a retired Bulgarian long jumper.

He won the 1981, 1984 and 1985 Balkan Championships. He finished eighth at the 1982 European Championships, twelfth at the 1983 World Championships, seventh at the 1985 European Indoor Championships, and seventh at the 1986 Goodwill Games.

He became Bulgarian champion in 1990. Domestic rivals were Ivan Tuparov, Atanas Chochev, Vladimir Amidzhinov and Daniel Ivanov. His personal best jump was 8.31 metres, achieved in July 1984 in Sofia.

He has later coached long jumpers such as Nikolay Atanasov (no relation) and Antonia Yordanova.

1983 World Championships in Athletics – Men's long jump
These are the official results of the Men's Long Jump event at the 1983 IAAF World Championships in Helsinki, Finland. There were a total of 34 participating athletes, with two qualifying groups and the final held on 10 August 1983.
Balabanlı, Üzümlü
Balabanlı (also known as Balabanlı Sarıkaya, Kurdish: Balaban) is a village in the Üzümlü District, Erzincan Province, Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Balaban and Lolan tribes and had a population of 24 in 2021.

The hamlets of Çaykomu, Devriş and Kaban are attached to the village.

Üzümlü District
Üzümlü District is a district of Erzincan Province in Turkey. The municipality of Üzümlü is the seat and the district had a population of 13,928 in 2021. Its area is 591 km2.

The district was established in 1987.
277th Infantry Division
A first 277th Infantry Division (German: 277. Infanterie-Division) was ordered to form on May 22, 1940, as part of the 10th mobilisation wave (10. Welle), but this order was rescinded after the French Surrender. A new 277th Infantry Division was formed in Croatia on November 17, 1943, as part of the 22nd mobilisation wave (22. Welle), the division was destroyed in the Battle of Normandy in August 1944. A third, 277th Volksgrenadier Division (277. Volksgrenadier-Division) was formed on September 4, 1944, in Hungary by redesignation of the newly formed 574th Volksgrenadier Division (574. Volksgrenadier-Division) of the 32nd mobilisation wave (32. Welle). In 1945 the division entered U.S. captivity in the Ruhr Pocket.

Mobilization
Mobilization (alternatively spelled as mobilisation) is the act of assembling and readying military troops and supplies for war. The word mobilization was first used in a military context in the 1850s to describe the preparation of the Prussian Army. Mobilization theories and tactics have continuously changed since then. The opposite of mobilization is demobilization.

Mobilization institutionalized the Levée en masse (engl. mass levy of conscripts) that was first introduced during the French Revolution. It became an issue with the introduction of conscription, and the introduction of the railways in the 19th century.

A number of technological and societal changes promoted the move towards a more organized way of deployment. These included the telegraph to provide rapid communication, the railways to provide rapid movement and concentration of troops, and conscription to provide a trained reserve of soldiers in case of war.
Extreme Measures (novel)
Extreme Measures is a thriller novel by Vince Flynn. The novel was a New York Times best seller.  The book is the eleventh in a series featuring counter-terrorism agent Mitch Rapp. In this story, Rapp works with CIA agent Mike Nash to battle a Taliban jihadist.

Vince Flynn
Vincent Joseph Flynn (April 6, 1966 – June 19, 2013) was an American author of political thriller novels featuring the fictional assassin Mitch Rapp. He was a story consultant for the fifth season of the television series 24. He died of prostate cancer on June 19, 2013.
The Christian Brothers
The Christian Brothers is a play by Australian writer Ron Blair first performed in 1975. It is a one-man play about a teacher at a Christian Brothers school. It was based on Blair's experience of studying at the Christian Brothers school in Lewisham, Sydney and has come to be regarded as an Australian classic. Peter Carroll performed in the original Nimrod Theatre production, which was directed by John Bell and designed by Larry Eastwood. The play has been revived a number of times, including the 1991 production at the Q Theatre, Penrith with Neil Fitzpatrick, directed by Helmut Bakaitis.

Helmut Bakaitis
Helmut Bakaitis (born 26 September 1944) is a German-born Australian director, actor and screenwriter and playwright.
He is best known for his role in The Matrix Reloaded and The Matrix Revolutions as the character the Architect.
Kyrgyzstan at the 2022 Winter Olympics
Kyrgyzstan competed at the 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing, China, from 4 to 20 February 2022.

Kyrgyzstan's team consisted of one male alpine skier. Besides the skier, one coach and three officials also accompanied the team. Maksim Gordeev was the country's flagbearer during the opening ceremony. Meanwhile a volunteer was the flagbearer during the closing ceremony.

2022 Winter Olympics closing ceremony
The 2022 Winter Olympics closing ceremony was held at the Beijing National Stadium in Beijing on 20 February 2022. As mandated by the Olympic Charter, the proceedings are expected to combine the formal ceremonial closing of this international sporting event (including closing speeches, hoisting of the flags, the parade of athletes, and the handover of the Olympic flag) with an artistic spectacle to showcase the culture and history of the current and next host nation (Italy) for the 2026 Winter Olympics in Milan and Cortina d'Ampezzo.

The closing ceremony was directed by film director and producer Zhang Yimou, who also directed the opening ceremonies of the 2022 Winter Olympics and previously directed and produced the opening and closing ceremonies of the 2008 Summer Olympics.
Clipper (lighter)
Clipper is the brand name of a type of refillable butane lighter, designed by Enric Sardà and owned by Flamagas S.A., which was founded in 1959.

The lighters are mostly produced in Barcelona, with others manufactured in Chennai and Shanghai. Clipper has a wide range of lighters, gas refills and other accessories. The first Clipper lighter was made in 1972, and global production is now around 450 million units a year, making it the second-largest lighter manufacturer in the world, behind BIC.

The Clipper brand is a division of Flamagas S.A., which also distributes stationery and electronics for such brands as Casio and Daewoo. Flamagas S.A. is headed by Puig, and both companies are subsidiaries of the Exea Corporation.

Daewoo
Daewoo (UK: /ˈdeɪ.uː/ DAY-oo; US: /ˌdeɪˈwuː/ day-WOO; Korean: 대우; Hanja: 大宇; IPA: [tɛ.u]; lit. "great universe" and a portmanteau of "dae" meaning great, and the given name of founder and chairman Kim Woo-choong) also known as the Daewoo Group, was a major South Korean chaebol (type of conglomerate) and automobile manufacturer.

It was founded on 22 March 1967 as Daewoo Industrial and was declared bankrupt on 1 November 1999, with debts of about US$50 billion (equivalent to $97 billion in 2025). Prior to the 1997 Asian financial crisis, Daewoo was the third largest conglomerate in South Korea, behind the Hyundai Group and Lucky-Goldstar (later became LG Corporation). There were about 20 divisions under the Daewoo Group, some of which survived as independent companies.