hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Patrick Dowd
Patrick Dowd (born 1968) is a Democratic Party politician in the United States. From 2008 until 2013, he served as a member of the Pittsburgh City Council from District 7, which includes the neighborhoods of Bloomfield, East Liberty, Friendship, Garfield, Highland Park, Lawrenceville, Morningside, Polish Hill, and Stanton Heights.

Friendship (Pittsburgh)
Friendship is a neighborhood of large Victorian houses in the East End of the City of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States, about four miles (6 km) east of Pittsburgh's Golden Triangle.  Friendship is bordered on the north by Garfield (at Penn Avenue), on the east by East Liberty (at Negley Avenue), on the south by Shadyside (at Centre Avenue), and on the west by Bloomfield (at Graham Street, according to the City of Pittsburgh). It is divided into three Pittsburgh City Council districts (7, 8, and 9).
Descriptive set theory
In mathematical logic, descriptive set theory (DST) is the study of certain classes of "well-behaved" subsets of the real line and other Polish spaces. As well as being one of the primary areas of research in set theory, it has applications to other areas of mathematics such as functional analysis, ergodic theory, the study of operator algebras and group actions, and mathematical logic.

Pathological (mathematics)
In mathematics, when a mathematical phenomenon runs counter to some intuition, then the phenomenon is sometimes called pathological. On the other hand, if a phenomenon does not run counter to intuition, it is sometimes called well-behaved or nice. These terms are sometimes useful in mathematical research and teaching, but there is no strict mathematical definition of pathological or well-behaved.
Jowers
Jowers is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Christine Jowers, American dancer, teacher, producer and dance critic

James Jowers (1939–2009), American street photographer

Loyd Jowers (1926–2000), American restaurateur

Milton Jowers (1914–1972), American football and basketball coach and college athletics administrator

Christine Jowers
Christine Jowers (born July 30 in Albuquerque, New Mexico) is an American dancer, teacher, producer, and dance critic. She is the founder and editor-in-chief of the leading online dance magazine, The Dance Enthusiast. She is known for her work as an advocate for dance and audience engagement through writing.
Calendar of saints (Episcopal Anglican Church of Brazil)
The calendar of saints of the Episcopal Anglican Church of Brazil (Igreja Episcopal Anglicana do Brasil, IEAB) follows the tradition of The Episcopal Church (TEC), of which it was a missionary district until 1965.

Chico Mendes
Francisco Alves Mendes Filho (15 December 1944 – 22 December 1988), better known as Chico Mendes (Brazilian Portuguese: [ˈʃiku ˈmẽdʒis]), was a Brazilian rubber tapper, trade union leader, and environmentalist who fought to preserve the Amazon rainforest and advocated for the human rights of Brazilian peasants and Indigenous people. He was assassinated by a rancher on 22 December 1988. The Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation (Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade or ICMBio), a body under the jurisdiction of the Brazilian Ministry of the Environment, is named in his honour.
2009 Karjala Tournament
The 2009 Karjala Tournament was played between 5 and 8 November 2009. Five of the matches were played in the Helsinki Halli in Helsinki, Finland, and one match in the Kinnarps Arena in Jönköping, Sweden. The tournament was part of the 2009–10 Euro Hockey Tour.

Russia won the tournament for a fourth consecutive year, followed by Finland and Sweden.

Jönköping
Jönköping (/ˈjɜːn(t)ʃɜːpɪŋ/, Swedish: [ˈjœ̂nːˌɕøːpɪŋ] ⓘ) is a city in southern Sweden with 112,766 inhabitants (2022). Jönköping is situated on the southern shore of Sweden's second largest lake, Vättern, in the province of Småland.

The city is the seat of Jönköping Municipality, which has a population of 144,699 (2022) and is Småland's most populous municipality. Jönköping is also the seat of Jönköping County which has a population of 367,064 (2022). Jönköping is the seat of a district court and a court of appeal as well as the Swedish National Courts Administration. It is also the seat of the Swedish Board of Agriculture.
Thomas Edison State University
Thomas Edison State University (TESU) is a public university in Trenton, New Jersey, United States. The university is one of New Jersey's 11 senior public institutions of higher education. Thomas Edison State University offers degrees at the undergraduate and graduate level.

Council for Higher Education Accreditation
The Council for Higher Education Accreditation (CHEA) is an American organization of degree-granting colleges and universities based in Washington D.C.

It advocates for the quality of higher education accrediting organizations, including regional, faith-based, private, career, and programmatic accrediting organizations.

CHEA's members include accredited colleges and universities, and currently recognizes approximately 64 accrediting organizations. It is a member of the International Network for Quality Assurance Agencies in Higher Education.
Troglomorphism
Troglomorphism is the morphological adaptation of an animal to living in the constant darkness of caves, characterised by features such as loss of pigment, reduced eyesight or blindness, and frequently with attenuated bodies or appendages. The terms troglobitic, stygobitic, stygofauna, troglofauna, and hypogean or hypogeic, are often used for cave-dwelling organisms.

Troglomorphism occurs in molluscs, velvet worms, arthropods, fish, amphibians (notably cave salamanders) and reptiles. To date, no mammals or birds have been found to live exclusively in caves. Pickerel frogs are classed as either trogloxenes, or possibly troglophiles. The first Troglobiont to be described was Leptodirus hochenwartii.

Cave salamander
A cave salamander is a type of salamander that primarily or exclusively inhabits caves, a group that includes several species. Some of these animals have developed special, even extreme, adaptations to their subterranean environments. Some species have only rudimentary (or even absent) eyes (blind salamanders). Others lack pigmentation, rendering them a pale yellowish or pinkish color (e.g., Eurycea rathbuni).

With the notable exception of the olm (Proteus anguinus), all "cave salamanders" are members of the family Plethodontidae ("lungless salamanders"). Almost all of them are paedomorphic and therefore never undergo metamorphosis, but it is not clear if this happened before or after they adapted to an existence in caves, as some species that don't live in caves are also paedomorphic.
Muhammad Mahbub-ul Alam
Muhammad Mahbub-ul Alam is a Major General of Bangladesh Army and the incumbent Vice Chancellor of Bangladesh University of Professionals. Prior to Joining BUP, he served as Principal of Adamjee Cantonment College. Before that, he served as Additional Director General of Bangladesh Border Guard.

Bangladesh Army
The Bangladesh Army (Bengali: বাংলাদেশ সেনাবাহিনী, romanized: Bāṅlādēś shēnābāhinī) is the principal land warfare branch of the Bangladesh Armed Forces responsible for defending the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Bangladesh. Operating under the Ministry of Defence, the army is tasked with national defense, disaster response, and supporting civil authorities during emergencies. Established officially after the 1971 Liberation War, the Bangladesh Army has since evolved into a professional, modern force engaged in peacekeeping missions under the United Nations as well as national security operations.

The Bangladesh Army is also constitutionally obligated to assist the government, during times of domestic or national emergencies. This additional role is commonly referred to as "aid to civil administration" or, using the Latin form, "Protectio, Transparentia, Reintegratio".
Källby
Källby is a locality situated in Götene Municipality, Västra Götaland County, Sweden. It had 1,586 inhabitants in 2010.

A major industry and employer is Gunnar Dafgård AB, founded in 1937, which manufactures various cold dishes such as pan pizza, pies and ready meals.

Driving distances to:

Lidköping 12 km,

Götene 14 km,

Gothenburg 144 km, and

Stockholm 339 km 172 on Highway (South Lake)

Lidköping
Lidköping (pronunciationⓘ) is a locality and the seat of Lidköping Municipality in Västra Götaland County, Sweden. It had about 
40,000 inhabitants in 2021.

It is situated on the southern shore of Lake Vänern  and sometimes refers to itself as "Lidköping vid Vänern", to distinguish itself from Linköping near Sweden's east coast. Attempts have been made to change the official name to "Lidköping vid Vänern" but these attempts have not been successful.
Democratic List of Nazareth
The Democratic List of Nazareth (Hebrew: רְשִׁימָה דֶּמוֹקְרָטִית שֶׁל נָצְרַת, Reshima Demokratit shel Natzrat; Arabic: قائمة الناصرة الديمقراطية) was an Arab satellite list in Israel and the only Israeli Arab party to win seats in the first Knesset. The party, which was sponsored by David Ben-Gurion's Mapai, was so named as it was based in Nazareth, the largest Arab city in Israel.

1949 Israeli Constituent Assembly election
Constituent Assembly elections were held in newly independent Israel on 25 January 1949. Voter turnout was 86.9%. Two days after its first meeting on 14 February 1949, legislators voted to change the name of the body to the Knesset (Hebrew: כנסת, translated as Assembly). It is known today as the First Knesset.
Palaeomedusa
Palaeomedusa testa is an extinct species of thalassochelydian turtle from the Tithonian of the Late Jurassic (145.5 to 150.8 million years ago). It was first described by the German palaeontologist Christian Erich Hermann von Meyer in 1860. It is the only species classified under the genus Palaeomedusa.

Late Jurassic
The Late Jurassic is the third epoch of the Jurassic period, and it spans the geologic time from 161.5 ± 1.0 to 143.1 ± 0.6 million years ago (Ma), which is preserved in Upper Jurassic strata.

In European lithostratigraphy, the name "Malm" indicates rocks of Late Jurassic age. In the past, Malm was also used to indicate the unit of geological time, but this usage is now discouraged to make a clear distinction between lithostratigraphic and geochronologic/chronostratigraphic units.
Strahinja of Budimlje
Strahinja of Budimlje (c. 1555-after 1620) was a Serbian priest and icon and fresco painter of the Byzantine style who lived and worked in the mid-sixteenth and early seventeenth century.

Strahinja of Budimlje is known by the work he did in the Piva Monastery, Đurđevi stupovi, Church of St. Nicholas, Brezova (1619-1620), Gradište Monastery, Morača Monastery, Reževići Monastery, Monastery of the Holy Trinity of Pljevlja (1595) and other monasteries and churches. He was a prolific painter whose Byzantine style had Western influence.

Morača (monastery)
The Morača Monastery (Serbian: Манастир Морача, romanized: Manastir Morača) is a Serbian Orthodox monastery located in the valley of the Morača River in Kolašin, central Montenegro. It was founded in 1252 by Stefan Vukanović, of the Serbian Nemanjić dynasty. It is one of the best known medieval monuments of Montenegro.
Keating Supercars
Keating Supercars was a low-volume kit car manufacturer based in Bolton, England. They made their debut in July 2006 with the launch of the TKR. They built four cars since its launch, the SKR, TKR, ZKR and the Bolt. At the racing car show, Autosport International 2016, Keating Supercars unveiled a road version of the Bolt to be sold in the US. Anthony Keating is the founder and CEO of Keating Supercars and designer of the Keating SKR, TKR and ZKR. Keating was born in Manchester, UK and took a course at the Automobile Engineering institute at the University of Bolton, UK. Keating graduated with an MBA in Business in 2012 and, together with students from the University of Bolton, hopes to build and make the Keating Bolt, the world's fastest production car, reaching more than 300 miles per hour. Keating Supercars planned to sell around 30 cars a year.

The Company was liquidated in May, 31 2021.

Kit car
A kit car is an automobile available as a set of parts that a manufacturer sells and the buyer then assembles into a functioning car. Usually, many of the major mechanical systems such as the engine and transmission are sourced from donor vehicles or purchased new from other vendors. Kits vary in completeness, consisting of as little as a book of plans, or as much as a complete set with all components to assemble into a fully operational vehicle such as those from Caterham.
Dutch Reformed Church, Barrydale
The Dutch Reformed Church in Barrydale is a congregation of the Dutch Reformed Church centered on the village of Barrydale in the picturesque surroundings of the Langeberg on the R62, 62.5 km (38.8 mi) south-east of Montagu, 76 km (47 mi) south-west of Ladismith and more or less equidistant (45 km or 28 mi) through the Tradouw Pass from Swellendam and Heidelberg. In 2014, the congregation had 49 baptized and 211 professing members. In that year the pastor was Rev. W. J. van Zyl.

Swellendam
Swellendam (Afrikaans: [ˈsvæləndam]) is the third oldest town in South Africa (after Cape Town and Stellenbosch), a town with 17,537 inhabitants situated in the Western Cape province. The town has over 50 provincial heritage sites, most of them buildings of Cape Dutch architecture. Swellendam is situated on the N2, approximately 220 km (140 miles) from both Cape Town and George.
Kōriyama Campaign
The Kōriyama Campaign (郡山合戦, Kōriyama Gassen) was a series of battles between February and July in 1588 between the Date clan and combined forces from the Ashina and Sōma clans over the areas around Kōriyama Castle and Kubota Castle in Adachi and Asaka Districts in Mutsu Province during the Ashikaga shogunate in Japan. Some accounts indicate it began following the invasion of territory belonging to the Tamura clan in April 1588 after turmoil caused by the death of Tamura Kiyoaki in 1586.

The conflicts were settled in July 1588, with the Date clan having an effective victory.

Tamura clan
The Tamura clan (田村氏, Tamura-shi) was a Japanese samurai clan who ruled Ichinoseki Domain in Mutsu Province during the Edo period Tokugawa shogunate. The family was closely related to the Date clan of Sendai Domain through intermarriage.
Kennet Valley Alderwoods
Kennet Valley Alderwoods is a 57.3-hectare (142-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest west of Newbury in Berkshire. It is a Special Area of Conservation

Located at grid reference SU400675 and at grid reference SU444669, these woodlands are the largest remaining fragments of damp, ash-alder woodland in the Kennet floodplain. The SSSI includes two woods, the Wilderness and part of Ryott's Plantation, which are important because they support a very great diversity of plants associated with this woodland type, dominated by Alder (Alnus glutinosa), though Ash (Fraxinus excelsior) is abundant in places and there is occasional Oak (Quercus robur) and Wych Elm (Ulmus glabra). In addition to the wide range of higher plants the woods support a diverse bryophyte flora including the uncommon epiphytes Radula complanata, Zygodon viridissimus and Orthotrichum affine.

The site is private land with no public access.

Fraxinus excelsior
Fraxinus excelsior, known as the ash, or European ash or common ash to distinguish it from other types of ash, is a flowering plant species in the olive family Oleaceae. It is native throughout mainland Europe east to the Caucasus and Alborz mountains, and west to Great Britain and Ireland, the latter determining its western boundary. The northernmost location is in the Trondheimsfjord region of Norway. The species is widely cultivated and reportedly naturalised in New Zealand and in scattered locales in the United States and Canada. The wood has many uses as it is flexible, workable, strong and lightweight.
Etobicoke School of the Arts
The Etobicoke School of the Arts (ESA) is a specialized public arts-academic high school in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Located in Etobicoke, it has been housed in the former Royal York Collegiate Institute facility since 1983. Founded on September 8, 1981, the Etobicoke School of the Arts has the distinction of being the oldest, free standing, arts-focused high school in Canada.

Concert band
A concert band, also called a wind band, wind ensemble, wind symphony, wind orchestra, symphonic band,  symphonic winds, or symphonic wind ensemble, is a performing ensemble consisting of members of the woodwind, brass, and percussion families of instruments, and occasionally including the piano, double bass, and harp. On rare occasions, additional, non-traditional instruments may be added to such ensembles such as synthesizer, electric guitar, and bass guitar.

Concert band music generally includes original wind compositions, concert marches, transcriptions of orchestral arrangements, light music, and popular music. Though the concert band does have similar instrumentation to the marching band, a marching band's main purpose is to perform while marching. In contrast, a concert band usually performs as a stationary ensemble, though European ensembles often do both.
Project 621
Project 621 was a project by the Dornier company with the intention of producing a sounding rocket with liquid-fuel propulsion. It was to use a paraglider system to return safely to earth for later re-use. It had a wet mass of 240 kg (520 lb) and a dry mass of 74 kg. The rocket itself was never launched.

The rocket of the project was supposed to reach an apogee of eighty kilometers, and then return from a height of forty kilometers, spiraling to the ground. In 1965, multiple drop tests of the paraglider system on the rocket test area in Salto di Quirra in Sardinia was performed.

The project was halted in 1966, after large problems occurred regarding the choice of a suitable wing material (textile wings could not handle the loads, while wings made of high-grade steel could not withstand the airflow without major problems).

Claude Dornier
Claude (Claudius) Honoré Désiré Dornier (14 May 1884 – 5 December 1969) was a Franco-German airplane designer and founder of Dornier GmbH. His notable designs include the 12-engine Dornier Do X flying boat, for decades the world's largest and most powerful airplane. He also made several other successful aircraft.
Udmurt Vos
Udmurt Vos (Udmurt: Удмурт Вӧсь, romanized: Udmurt Vöś, lit. 'Udmurt Faith') is the ethnic religious revival of the Udmurts, a Finno-Ugrian people inhabiting the republic of Udmurtia in Russia. Among the Udmurts, as in other Finno-Ugrian republics in the Volga region, the revival of paganism is inextricably intertwined with the revival of national-ethnic culture and awareness.

The Udmurtian Pagan revival circles sprang out of the Demen (Udmurt for 'Society') movement which was established in December 1989 for the protection and restoration of the Udmurt ethnic culture. Udmurt Vos as an institution was founded in 1994.

According to 2012 statistics, 2% of the population of Udmurtia adheres to forms of Paganism. Victor Schnirelmann reported an adherence of 4% for the Udmurts alone.

Izhevsk
Izhevsk or Ijevsk (Russian: Иже́вск, IPA: [ɪˈʐɛfsk] ⓘ; Udmurt: Ижкар, romanized: Ižkar, or Иж, Iž) is the capital city of Udmurtia, Russia. It is situated along the Izh River, west of the Ural Mountains in Eastern Europe. It is the 21st-largest city in Russia, and the most populous in Udmurtia, with over 600,000 inhabitants.

From 1984 to 1987, the city was called Ustinov (Russian: Усти́нов), named after Soviet Minister of Defence Dmitry Ustinov. The city is a major hub of industry, commerce, politics, culture and education in the Volga Region. It is known for its defense, engineering and metallurgy industries. Izhevsk has the titles of the Armory Capital of Russia and the City of Labor Glory.
Hondros
Hondros (Greek: Χόνδρος) is a Greek surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Demetrius Hondros (1882–1962), Greek physicist

Chris Hondros (1970–2011), American war photographer
Hondros, a 2017 American documentary film about Chris Hondros

Ernest Hondros

Hondros (film)
Hondros is a 2017 American documentary film about American war photographer Chris Hondros. It was written by Greg Campbell and Jenny Golden, directed and produced by Campbell, and executive produced by Jake Gyllenhaal and Jamie Lee Curtis.

The film premiered on 21 April 2017 at Tribeca Film Festival, where it won the Audience Award, Documentary First Place. It had a limited theatrical release in the United States on 2 March 2018.

Hondros was killed in a mortar attack by government forces in Misrata while covering the 2011 Libyan civil war.
Right Here (Jeremy Camp song)
"Right Here" is a song written and performed by Christian singer-songwriter Jeremy Camp. It was the second radio single released in promotion of his debut studio album, Stay. The single reached the No. 9 position on the Billboard Hot Christian Songs airplay chart. This song also appears on the WOW Hits 2005 compilation album and Music from and Inspired by Bridge to Terabithia. Versions also appear on the live albums Live Unplugged and Jeremy Camp Live.

WOW Hits 2005
WOW Hits 2005 is a two-disc compilation album of hit songs that were selected to represent the best in contemporary Christian music. It was released on October 5, 2004.  The album includes thirty one songs plus three bonus tracks. It features songs by Steven Curtis Chapman, Newsboys, MercyMe, Jars of Clay, and many more high-profile groups and singers. The album peaked at No. 29 on the Billboard 200.  It was certified as platinum in the US in 2005 by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).  The album was certified as gold in Canada in 2006 by the Canadian Recording Industry Association (CRIA).
Avid Larizadeh Duggan
Avid Larizadeh-Duggan OBE (born 1978 or 1979) is an Iranian-French-American  entrepreneur and venture capitalist. She is a managing director at Ontario Teachers’ Pension Plan Innovation Platform, EMEA and is a non executive director of Barclays Bank UK.

She is a Mayfield Fellow and a Kauffman Fellow.  In 2016 she was named one of the World Economic Forum's "Young Global Leaders" and in 2019 was appointed an OBE.

Young Global Leaders
Forum of Young Global Leaders, or Young Global Leaders (YGL), is a non-profit globalist organization. The organization was created by Klaus Schwab, founder of the World Economic Forum and is managed from Geneva, Switzerland, under the supervision of the Swiss government. It is run by the World Economic Forum.
Durga Chew-Bose
Durga Chew-Bose is a Canadian writer and film director. Her first book, Too Much and Not the Mood, was published in 2017. Her first film, Bonjour Tristesse, which she adapted from the Françoise Sagan novel by the same name, debuted at the 2024 Toronto International Film Festival.

Sarah Lawrence College
Sarah Lawrence College (SLC) is a private liberal arts college in Yonkers, New York, United States. Founded as a women's college in 1926, Sarah Lawrence College has been coeducational since 1968. The college's campus in Yonkers maintains a Bronxville mailing address and sits roughly 20 miles from New York City. In athletics, the Sarah Lawrence Gryphons compete in the Skyline Conference of the NCAA Division III.
Beehive Radio
Beehive Radio (Khmer: វិទ្យុសំបុកឃ្មុំ) is a Cambodian radio station in Phnom Penh, owned and operated by independent journalist Mam Sonando. It broadcasts on 105 FM. The Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ) described it in 2012 as "one of Cambodia's few independent news outlets".

Committee to Protect Journalists
The Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ) is an American 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization based in New York City, with correspondents around the world. CPJ promotes press freedom and defends the rights of journalists. The American Journalism Review has called the organization "Journalism's Red Cross." Since the late 1980s, CPJ has published an annual census of journalists killed or imprisoned in relation to their work.