hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Eric van Douwen
Eric Karel van Douwen (April 25, 1946 in Voorburg, South Holland, Netherlands – July 28, 1987 in Athens, Ohio, United States) was a Dutch mathematician specializing in set-theoretic topology. He received his Ph.D. in 1975 from Vrije Universiteit under the supervision of Maarten Maurice and Johannes Aarts, both of whom were in turn students of Johannes de Groot.

He began his academic career studying physics, but became dissatisfied partway through the program. His wife helped inspire his choice to switch to mathematics by asking, "Why not mathematics? It's what you work on all the time anyway". He produced the content of his dissertation unsupervised, and seeking better credentials, he transferred to Vrije to defend, a maneuver permitted by the Dutch university rules.

Set-theoretic topology
In mathematics, set-theoretic topology is a subject that combines set theory and general topology. It focuses on topological questions that can be solved using set-theoretic methods, for example, Suslin's problem.
Coal Face
Coal Face is a 1935 British documentary film short directed by Alberto Cavalcanti. With a film score by Benjamin Britten and a poem written and narrated by W.H. Auden, the film gives a glimpse into the lives of a Yorkshire mining community and the dangerous working conditions the miners routinely faced. The film largely reuses older footage from Tour of a British Coal Mine (1928), which was shot in Barnsley, Yorkshire.

Barnsley
Barnsley (/ˈbɑːrnzli/ ⓘ) is a market town in South Yorkshire, England. It is the main settlement of the Metropolitan Borough of Barnsley and the fourth largest settlement in South Yorkshire. The town's population was 71,422 in 2021, while the wider borough had a population of 244,600 in the 2021 census.

Historically in the West Riding of Yorkshire, Barnsley is located on the M1 corridor between the cities of Sheffield to the south and Wakefield to the north. Doncaster is to the east, Huddersfield to the north-west, and Manchester lies west across the Peak District to which it is connected to via the A628 road.

Barnsley's former industries include linen, coal mining, glass making and textiles. Barnsley's culture is rooted in its industrial heritage and it has a tradition of brass bands, originally created as social clubs by its mining communities.
Originair
Originair is an airline based in Nelson, New Zealand, that operates domestic flights in New Zealand. It was founded in 2015 by Nelson businessman Robert Inglis, who had previously founded Air Nelson and Origin Pacific Airways. Originair commenced operations on 12 August 2015 with flights between Nelson and Palmerston North; it started flights between Nelson and Wellington the following month. It began with one British Aerospace Jetstream 31 aircraft, and now operates a fleet of three aircraft, following the addition of two Jetstream 32 aircraft.

British Aerospace Jetstream
The British Aerospace Jetstream is a small twin turboprop airliner, with a pressurised fuselage, developed as the Jetstream 31 from the earlier Handley Page Jetstream.  A larger version of the Jetstream was also manufactured, the British Aerospace Jetstream 41.
Stefano Mancinelli
Stefano Mancinelli (born March 17, 1983) is a retired Italian professional basketball player. He also represented the Italian national basketball team. Standing at 2.03 m (6 ft 8 in), he played at the small forward and power forward positions.

Lega Basket
The Lega Basket A (officially: Lega Società di Pallacanestro Serie A, English: Basket League) is the organizing body, as delegated by the Italian Basketball Federation, of the top division of Italian professional men's basketball league, the Serie A (English: Basket League A Series). It is composed of the clubs that participate in the Lega Basket Serie A. It is headquartered in Bologna, Italy.

Basket League is a founding member of ULEB. Basket League organizes the LBA, the Italian Cup, the Italian Supercup, and the Italian All Star Game. Discussions have been held as to the possibility of Basket League gaining more autonomy, similarly to that of the corresponding football organization, Lega Serie A. It is the sole professional sport league in Italy outside football. The current president of Basket League is Fernando Marino.
Third encirclement campaign against the Jiangxi Soviet
The third encirclement campaign (Chinese: 第三次围剿) against Jiangxi Soviet was the third campaign launched by the Chinese Nationalist Government in the hope of destroying the Red Army in Jiangxi. It was launched less than a month after the previous campaign failed. However, this encirclement was repelled by the Red Army's third counter-encirclement campaign at the Central Soviet (Chinese: 中央苏区第三次反围剿), also called as the third counter-encirclement campaign at the Central Revolutionary Base (Chinese: 中央革命根据地第三次反围剿).

Xingguo County
Xingguo County (simplified Chinese: 兴国县; traditional Chinese: 興國縣; pinyin: Xīngguó Xiàn) is a county in south central Jiangxi province, People's Republic of China. It is under the administration of and located in the north of the prefecture-level city of Ganzhou, with a total area of 3,214.46 km2 (1,241.11 sq mi). Its population was 719,830 at the 2010 census.
A Gift from Nessus
A Gift from Nessus is a novel by the Scottish writer William McIlvanney published in 1968 and republished in 2014.

The novel in 1968 was awarded a Scottish Arts Council Book Award and it was adapted by Bill Craig for the BBC series Play for Today in 1980.

Play for Today
Play for Today is a British television strand, produced by the BBC and transmitted on BBC1 from 1970 to 1984. During the run, more than three hundred programmes, featuring original television plays, and adaptations of stage plays and novels, were transmitted. The individual episodes were (with a few exceptions noted below) between fifty and a hundred minutes in duration. A handful of these plays, including Rumpole of the Bailey, subsequently became television series in their own right.

In 2025, Channel 5 announced they would revive the series, which began broadcasting on 13 November, 2025.
Lalbabu Raut cabinet
The Raut Cabinet is the Council of Ministers headed by Mohammad Lalbabu Raut in Madhesh Province, Nepal. Mohammad Lalbabu Raut from Federal Socialist Forum, Nepal was sworn in the Chief Ministers of Madhesh Province in February 2018.  Present arrangement of cabinet is the result of talk between two Former Deputy Prime Ministers,  PSP-N President Upendra Yadav and Nepali Congress  Vice-president Bimalendra Nidhi who have strong hold in this region from their respective parties.

This is a brief list of minister since 9 June 2021 since when PSP-N and Nepali Congress are two major parties in government.

Bimalendra Nidhi
Bimalendra Nidhi (Nepali: बिमलेन्द्र निधि  listenⓘ) is a Nepali politician who previously served as a Deputy Prime Minister and Home Minister of Nepal. Also a former Minister of Physical Infrastructure and Transport, Nidhi has won from Dhanusha 3 as MP of House of Representatives and Constituent Assembly. Nidhi has also served as the Vice-president and General secretary of Nepali Congress.
Calotemognatha
Calotemognatha is a genus of beetles in the family Buprestidae, containing the following species:

Calotemognatha laevicollis (Saunders, 1868)

Calotemognatha varicollis (Carter, 1913)

Calotemognatha yarelli (Gory & Laporte, 1838)

Buprestidae
Buprestidae is a family of beetles known as jewel beetles or metallic wood-boring beetles because of their glossy iridescent colors. Larvae of this family are known as flatheaded borers. The family is among the largest of the beetles, with some 15,500 species known in 775 genera. In addition, almost 100 fossil species have been described.

The larger and more spectacularly colored jewel beetles are highly prized by insect collectors. The elytra of some Buprestidae species have been traditionally used in beetlewing jewellery and decoration in certain countries in Asia, like India, Thailand and Japan.
Skin (Sarabeth)
"Skin (Sarabeth)" (listed on the album, Feels Like Today, as just "Skin") is a song written by Doug Johnson and Joe Henry, and recorded by American country music group Rascal Flatts.  The song was originally a hidden track on the first shipment of their album, Feels Like Today, and charted in mid-2005 as an album cut (just called "Skin" at the time) while the single "Fast Cars and Freedom" was climbing the charts. "Skin" became a single in late-2005, peaking at #2 on US country charts, and #42 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. It was later named "Skin (Sarabeth)" on their Greatest Hits Volume 1.

Joe Henry
Joseph Lee Henry (born December 2, 1960) is an American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer. He has released 15 studio albums and produced multiple recordings for other artists, including three Grammy Award-winning albums.
St Peter's Church, Preston, Lancashire
St Peter's Church is a redundant Anglican parish church in St Peter's Square, Preston, Lancashire, England. It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II* listed building. It was a Commissioners' church, having received a grant towards its construction from the Church Building Commission. In 1973 it became part of Preston Polytechnic, later the University of Central Lancashire.

Redundant church
A redundant church, now referred to as a closed church, is a church building that is no longer used for Christian worship. The term most frequently refers to former Anglican churches in the United Kingdom, but may also be used for disused churches in other countries. Redundant churches may be deconsecrated, but this is not always done.

Reasons for redundancy include population movements, changing social patterns, merging of parishes, and decline in church attendance (especially in the Global North). Historically, redundant churches were often demolished or left to ruin. Today, many are repurposed as community centres, museums or homes, or are protected under the care of heritage preservation organisations such as Friends of Friendless Churches or the Churches Conservation Trust, and are demolished only if no alternative can be found.
Boris Tsirelson
Boris Semyonovich Tsirelson (Hebrew: בוריס סמיונוביץ' צירלסון, Russian: Борис Семёнович Цирельсон; May 4, 1950 – January 21, 2020) was a Russian–Israeli mathematician and Professor of Mathematics at Tel Aviv University in Israel, as well as a Wikipedia editor.

Lp space
In mathematics, the Lp spaces are function spaces defined using a natural generalization of the p-norm for finite-dimensional vector spaces. They are sometimes called Lebesgue spaces, named after Henri Lebesgue (Dunford & Schwartz 1958, III.3), although according to the Bourbaki group (Bourbaki 1987) they were first introduced by Frigyes Riesz (Riesz 1910).

Lp spaces form an important class of Banach spaces in functional analysis, and of topological vector spaces. Because of their key role in the mathematical analysis of measure and probability spaces, Lebesgue spaces are used also in the theoretical discussion of problems in physics, statistics, economics, finance, engineering, and other disciplines.
Jonas Salisbury House (62 Walnut Park)
The Jonas Salisbury House is a historic house at 62 Walnut Park in Newton, Massachusetts.  The 2+1⁄2-story wood-frame house was built about 1847, and was one of four temple-front mansions built in the Newton Corner area.  Of these, it is the only one still standing.  It has typical hallmarks of the Greek Revival style, with flushboarded facade, corner pilasters, and an entrance flanked by pilasters and set under a pediment.  The property also includes a period carriage house.  Jonas Salisbury was a significant property owner in Newton.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.

Newton Corner, Massachusetts
Newton Corner is one of the thirteen villages within the city of Newton in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. Newton Corner borders Brighton, a neighborhood of Boston, as well as the city of Watertown, Massachusetts. Newton Corner is divided by the Massachusetts Turnpike (I-90) with on-off access in both directions at Exit 127 (formerly exit 17) via a large, complicated roundabout nicknamed the "Newton Supercollider" and the "Circle of Death".

Newton Corner station formerly saw streetcar and commuter rail service; it now serves as a busy bus depot serving downtown express routes as well as local buses.
Jobarteh
Jobarteh is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Amadu Bansang Jobarteh (1914-2001), Gambian kora master

Anna Jobarteh, English actress

Sal Jobarteh (born 1993), Gambian footballer

Sona Jobarteh (born 1983), Gambian musician

Anna Jobarteh
Anna Sophie Jobarteh is an English actress. She is perhaps best known for portraying the role of Ruth Kirby on the BBC school-based drama Waterloo Road. She also played a role in thriller series Paradox in 2009, when she played the role of Dionne Hudson. She later starred as Christie in a show called Combat Kids on the CBBC Channel in 2010.
Wapack Wilderness
The Wapack Wilderness is a 1,400-acre (6 km2) tract of forest in the towns of Rindge and New Ipswich, New Hampshire. The land is owned by the Hampshire Country School, a small, private school for students who do not thrive in traditional settings. It abuts Binney Pond Natural Area and land conserved by the New England Forestry Foundation. Watatic Mountain Wildlife Area is two miles (3 km) to the southeast, and Annett State Forest is two miles (3 km) to the northeast. The headwaters of the Millers River flow from the area, feeding into Converse Meadows and Lake Monomonac before entering Massachusetts.

New England Forestry Foundation
The New England Forestry Foundation is a non-profit organization dedicated to preserving and sustainably managing forestland in New England. The New England Forestry Foundation acquires and stewards land through a variety of ways including partnerships, private donations, and others means.
Chalakudy Assembly constituency
Chalakudy State assembly constituency is one of the 140 state legislative assembly constituencies in Kerala. It is also one of the seven state legislative assembly constituencies included in Chalakudy Lok Sabha constituency. As of the 2021 assembly elections, the current MLA is T. J. Saneesh Kumar Joseph of Indian National Congress.

2021 Kerala Legislative Assembly election
The 2021 Kerala Legislative Assembly election was held in Kerala on 6 April 2021 to elect 140 members to the 15th Kerala Legislative Assembly. The results were declared on 2 May.

The election saw the incumbent Left Democratic Front (LDF) in a historic win retaining power with 99 seats, 8 more than in the previous election, marking the first time that an alliance won consecutive terms in the state since 1977. The United Democratic Front (UDF) won the remaining 41 seats, 6 less than in the previous election. The National Democratic Alliance (NDA) received a dip in vote share and lost their lone seat. Pinarayi Vijayan became the first Chief Minister of Kerala to be re-elected after completing a full, five-year term in office.
Yeongcheon
Yeongcheon (Korean: 영천; Korean pronunciation: [jʌ̹ŋ.tɕʰʌ̹n]) is a city in North Gyeongsang Province, South Korea.

Yeongcheon is located 350 km (220 mi) southeast of Seoul, in the southeast of North Gyeongsang Province.  It is on the Gyeongbu Expressway linking Seoul and Busan, and is also the junction of the Jungang and Daegu railway lines.

Jungang line
The Jungang line (Korean: 중앙선; Hanja: 中央線; lit. Central line) is a railway line connecting Cheongnyangni in Seoul to Moryang in Gyeongju in South Korea, traversing central South Korea from the northwest to the southeast. It is also referred to as the rail line of the Seoul Metropolitan Subway from Yongsan station to Jipyeong station. The section from Cheongnyangni to Dodam was designated as a semi-high-speed railway.
Charles Doughty (lawyer)
Sir Charles Doughty, QC (27 July 1878 – 2 May 1956) was a British barrister and noted industrial arbitrator.

The son of Charles Doughty, JP, of Lincoln, Charles Doughty was educated at Oatlands in Harrogate, Rugby School, and Corpus Christi College, Oxford, where he graduated BA and BCL. He was called to the bar by the Inner Temple in 1902. Appointed a conciliator in industrial disputes for the Board of Trade and the Minister of Labour in 1915, he was throughout his career member of numerous industrial conciliation bodies. He was knighted in 1941.

Having become a KC in 1925, Doughty was Recorder of Canterbury from 1929 to 1937, Recorder of Guildford from 1937 to 1939, and Recorder of Brighton from 1939 to 1955, being succeeded in the last office by his son, C J A Doughty, QC, sometime MP for East Surrey. He was also sometime Chairman of the General Council of the Bar.

Secretary of State for Employment
The secretary of state for employment was a position in the Cabinet of the United Kingdom. In 1995, it was merged with secretary of state for education to make the secretary of state for education and employment. In 2001, the employment functions were hived off and transferred to the secretary of state for social security to form the secretary of state for work and pensions.
The Source (network)
The Source was a radio network operated in the 1970s and 1980s by the NBC Radio Network, with newscasts and features focusing on 18- to 34-year-olds. The network was sold, along with the rest of NBC's radio operations, to Westwood One in August 1987. The Source would last until the late 1990s as a programming source before ultimately being absorbed into the Westwood One.

Announcements from the network, voiced by legendary NBC announcer Don Pardo, continued to be heard on many radio stations across the country until Pardo's death in 2014.

Don Pardo
Dominick George "Don" Pardo Jr. (February 22, 1918 – August 18, 2014) was an American radio and television announcer whose career spanned more than seven decades.

A member of the Television Hall of Fame, Pardo was noted for his 70-year tenure with NBC, working as the announcer for early incarnations of such notable shows as The Price Is Right, Jackpot, Jeopardy!, Three on a Match, Winning Streak and NBC Nightly News. His longest and best-known announcing job was for NBC's Saturday Night Live, a job he held for 38 seasons. His tenure stretched from the show's debut in 1975 until the end of the 6th season in 1981, and again from the season 8 premiere in 1982 until his death in 2014.
Joao Urbáez
Joao Andrés Urbáez Gómez (born 24 July 2002) is a professional footballer who plays as a centre-back or right-back for Tercera Federación club Leganés B. Born in Spain, he plays for the Dominican Republic national team.

Tercera Federación
Tercera Federación, previously known as Tercera RFEF, is the fifth tier of the Spanish football league system. It is below the La Liga, Segunda División, and its fellow semi-professional divisions Primera Federación and Segunda Federación. It was founded in 1929 as the third tier, and dropped down to the fourth and fifth tiers in 1977 and 2021, respectively.
Schneppenbach
Schneppenbach is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Bad Kreuznach district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde Kirner Land, whose seat is in the town of Kirn.

Kirner Land
Kirner Land is a Verbandsgemeinde ("collective municipality") in the district of Bad Kreuznach, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. The seat of the Verbandsgemeinde is in Kirn. It was formed on 1 January 2020 by the merger of the former Verbandsgemeinde Kirn-Land and the town Kirn.

The Verbandsgemeinde Kirner Land consists of the following Ortsgemeinden ("local municipalities"):

49°47′N 7°28′E﻿ / ﻿49.78°N 7.47°E﻿ / 49.78; 7.47
Söğüt District
Söğüt District is a district of Bilecik Province of Turkey. Its seat is the town Söğüt. Its area is 523 km2, and its population is 18,352 (2021). It is in the Marmara region in the north-west of the country, bordering Bilecik to the west, Gölpazarı to the north, İnhisar to the north-east, Tepebaşı (Eskişehir) to the south-east, and Bozüyük to the south-west.

Marmara region
The Marmara region (Turkish: Marmara Bölgesi) is a geographical region of Turkey.

Located in East Thrace, it is bordered by Greece and the Aegean Sea to the west, Bulgaria and the Black Sea to the north, the Black Sea Region to the east, and the Aegean Region to the south. At the center of the region is the Sea of Marmara, which gives the region its name. The largest city in the region is Istanbul. Other big cities are Bursa, İzmit, Balıkesir, Tekirdağ, Çanakkale and Edirne.

Among the seven geographical regions, the Marmara region has the second-smallest area, yet the largest population; it is the most densely populated region in the country.
Ray Ingleby
Raymond "Ray" Ingleby (born February 1963) is an English businessman and entrepreneur who was vice-chairman of Burnley Football Club until 27 August 2013. He was born in Lytham St Annes, Lancashire and his family owned a soft furnishings firm. Despite being sacked from his first job in a magazine-printing firm, he became a millionaire by the age of 21. He was the founder of Ingleby Communications, which in 1992 bought out American firm Caribiner. During his seven years in charge of the company, Caribiner became the biggest audio-visual rental business in the world with a turnover of $750 million. In February 1999, Ingleby purchased £1 million worth of shares in Burnley F.C. and was later elected vice-chairman.

Audiovisual
Audiovisual (AV) is electronic media possessing both a sound and a visual component, such as slide-tape presentations, films, television programs, corporate conferencing, church services, and live theater productions.

Audiovisual service providers frequently offer web streaming, video conferencing, and live broadcast services. The professional audio visual industry has companies that provide hardware, software and services.  These organizations are commonly referred to as systems integrators and perform both the installation and integration of different types of AV equipment from multiple manufacturers into spaces to create the AV experience for the user or audience.

Computer-based audiovisual equipment is often used in education, with many schools and universities installing projection equipment and using interactive whiteboard technology.
Terenzo
Terenzo (Parmigiano: Tréns) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Parma in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) west of Bologna and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) southwest of Parma. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,250 and an area of 72.4 square kilometres (28.0 sq mi).

The municipality of Terenzo contains the frazioni (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets) Bardone, Boschi di Bardone, Case Castellani, Cassio, Castello, Castello di Casola, Cazzola, Corniana, Goiano, Lesignano Palmia, Lughero, Palmia, Puilio, Selva Grossa, Stazione Bocchetto, Villa, Casola, and Viola.

At the foot of Monte Zirone, is the slender former church or Pieve di San Michele di Corniana, dedicate to St Michael Archangel. Also nearby is the Pieve di Bardone, completed prior to 13th-century.

Terenzo borders the following municipalities: Berceto, Calestano, Fornovo di Taro, Sala Baganza, Solignano.

Province of Parma
The province of Parma (Italian: provincia di Parma) is a province in the Emilia-Romagna region of Italy. Its largest town and capital is the city of Parma.

It is made up of 47 comuni (sg.: comune). It has an area of 3,449 square kilometres (1,332 sq mi) and a total population of around 450,000.

The province is bordered by the province of Reggio Emilia to the east, the Piacenza to the west, Lombardy's provinces of Cremona and Mantua to the north and by Liguria's provinces of La Spezia and Genoa and Tuscany's Province of Massa-Carrara to the south.