hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Treaty Republic
The term Treaty Republic (Russian: договорная республика) refers to a unique constitutional form that existed in the early Soviet Union, in which one Soviet republic was formally linked to another by a treaty rather than by subordination. The most notable example was the Soviet Socialist Republic of Abkhazia (1921–1931), which was united with the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic under the 1921 Union Treaty. In Soviet constitutional terminology, it was also known as a Contractual Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (договорная автономная советская социалистическая республика).

Abkhaz Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
The Abkhaz Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, abbreviated as Abkhaz ASSR, was an autonomous republic of the Soviet Union within the Georgian SSR. It came into existence in February 1931, when the Socialist Soviet Republic of Abkhazia (SSR Abkhazia or SSRA), originally created in March 1921, was transformed  to the status of Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic within the Georgian SSR.

The Abkhaz ASSR adopted its own constitution on 2 August 1937. The supreme organ of legislative power was the Supreme Soviet elected every 4 years and its Presidium. The executive power was vested with the Council of Ministers appointed by the Supreme Soviet. The Abkhaz ASSR had 11 representatives in the Council of Nationalities of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.
Isocytosine
Isocytosine or 2-aminouracil is a pyrimidine base that is an isomer of cytosine. The nucleoside form is called isocytidine (iC).

It is used in combination with isoguanine in studies of unnatural nucleic acid analogues of the normal base pairs in DNA. In particular, it is used as a nucleobase of hachimoji RNA with the abbreviation rS.

Nucleic acid analogue
Nucleic acid analogues are compounds which are structurally analogous to naturally occurring RNA and DNA, through substitutions of any of its sugar, phosphate, and nucleobase components. They are used in medicine and in molecular biology research.
Cornelius M. Brosnan
Cornelius M. Brosnan (1813 – April 21, 1867) was a justice of the Supreme Court of Nevada from 1864 until shortly before his death in 1867.

Born in County Kerry, Ireland, he entered Maynooth University at the age of fourteen, and remained there for four years. In 1831, at the age of 18, Brosnan emigrated to the United States to work as a science teacher, and in 1851 he moved to San Francisco, California. He moved to Virginia City, Nevada, in 1863, where he served in the convention that drew up the constitution of the state for its admission to statehood the following year. Brosnan was then elected to the Nevada Supreme Court, where he served until 1867, when he returned to California, remaining there until his death that same year in Santa Clara County, California.

Virginia City, Nevada
Virginia City is a historic town in Storey County, Nevada, United States. It was established in 1859 after the discovery of the Comstock Lode, one of the first major silver deposits in the United States, and rapidly developed into one of the most important mining centers of the American West. At its peak in the mid-1870s, Virginia City had an estimated population of 25,000 residents and served as a center of mining finance, engineering, and innovation.

Mining output declined after 1878, and the population fell sharply, but many historic buildings survived. The town played a significant role in Nevada’s economic development. It is closely associated with writers such as Mark Twain, who began his career there. In the 20th century, Virginia City’s historic area was preserved, and the town was designated a National Historic Landmark District in 1961. As of the 2020 census, the population was 787.
Chandler Award
The Chandler Award is presented by the Australian Science Fiction Foundation for "Outstanding Achievement in Australian Science Fiction". It is named in recognition of the contribution that science fiction writer A. Bertram Chandler made to Australian science fiction, and because of his patronage of the Foundation.

Unlike the Ditmars, this award is decided upon by a jury and, although nominally an annual award presented in conjunction with the Australian National Science Fiction Convention, is not necessarily presented every year.

The first Chandler Award was presented in 1992 to Van Ikin at the National Science Fiction Convention - SynCon '92.

Australian science fiction
Australia, unlike Europe, does not have a long history in the genre of science fiction. Nevil Shute's On the Beach, published in 1957, and filmed in 1959, was perhaps the first notable international success. Though not born in Australia, Shute spent his latter years there, and the book was set in Australia. It might have been worse had the imports of American pulp magazines not been restricted during World War II, forcing local writers into the field. Various compilation magazines began appearing in the 1960s and the field has continued to expand into some significance. Today Australia has a thriving SF/Fantasy genre with names recognised around the world. In 2013 a trilogy by Sydney-born Ben Peek was sold at auction to a UK publisher for a six-figure deal .
William H. Welch (judge)
William Henry Welch, Sr. (June 1, 1805 – January 23, 1863) was an American jurist.

Born in Litchfield, Connecticut, Welch graduated from Yale University and Yale Law School. He moved to Minnesota Territory in 1850 and settled in St. Anthony (now Minneapolis). Welch served as a Justice of the Peace. From 1853 to 1858, Welch served as Chief Justice of the Minnesota Territorial Supreme Court as appointed by President Pierce. Welch was reappointed for another term by President Buchanan, but his term ended when Minnesota became a State. He moved to Red Wing, Minnesota in 1858 and died there.

St. Anthony, Minnesota
St. Anthony, also known as Saint Anthony Village, is a city in Hennepin and Ramsey counties in the U.S. state of Minnesota. The population was 9,257 at the 2020 census, of whom 5,621 lived in the larger Hennepin County part of the city and 3,654 in the Ramsey County part. The city is run by a five-member council consisting of a mayor and four council members who serve four-year terms.
1080 AM
The following radio stations broadcast on AM frequency 1080 kHz: 1080 AM is a United States clear-channel frequency. KRLD Dallas, WTIC Hartford and KOAN Anchorage share Class A status on 1080 AM.

Because 1080 kHz is a multiple of both 9 and 10, the frequency is available for use by broadcast stations in all three ITU regions.

KOAN (AM)
KOAN (1080 AM) is a commercial radio station in Anchorage, Alaska. It is owned by Iglesia Pentecostal Vispera del Fin. Its studios are located on Business Park Boulevard in Anchorage, and its transmitter is located in South Anchorage.

KOAN is an Alaskan clear-channel Class A station, broadcasting with 10,000 watts with a non-directional antenna. Programming is also heard on 250-watt FM translator K236CG on 95.1 MHz.
Chioma Igwe
Chioma Nisa IgweListenⓘ (born July 21, 1986) is an American former soccer midfielder. The San Mateo, California native is a former member of the United States U-20 women's national soccer team.

From the 2011/12 until 2014/15 she played in the German Bundesliga for Freiburg.  In May 2015, it was announced that Igwe had joined SC Sand.

Igwe's father played on the Nigeria national football team after playing at the University of San Francisco (1975 to 1979).
Her name "Chioma" means "God is good" in Igbo.

By the end of 2016/17 season, she announced her retirement from professional soccer, at the age of 30.

United States women's national under-20 soccer team
The United States U-20 women's national soccer team is a youth soccer team operated under the auspices of U.S. Soccer.  Its primary role is the development of players in preparation for the senior women's national team.  The team most recently appeared in the 2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup in Colombia, where they placed third. The team competes in a variety of competitions, including the biennial FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup, which is the top competition for this age group.
Ces Mountford
Cecil Ralph Mountford MBE (16 June 1919 – 19 July 2009), also known by the nickname of "The Blackball Bullet", was a New Zealand rugby league footballer and coach.

Mountford was one of ten siblings, he and four of his brothers played rugby league for the South Island whilst Bill Mountford and Ken Mountford played for New Zealand. Mountford also played for West Coast, along with Bill and Ken, in inter-provincial matches.

Halifax Panthers
The Halifax Panthers are a professional rugby league club in Halifax, West Yorkshire, England. They play home games at The Shay and compete in the Championship, the second tier of British rugby league.

Halifax Panthers won the League Championship four times and the Challenge Cup five times.

The club's parent company, Halifax Rugby League Football Club Limited, was placed into liquidation in February 2026 and the club's membership of the Rugby Football League terminated two days later.

They had rivalries with neighbours Bradford and Huddersfield of Super League, fellow Championship side Featherstone Rovers, and Pennines rivals Oldham and  Rochdale. The club's traditional home colours were blue and white hoops, white shorts, and blue and white socks.
1959 Birthday Honours
The Queen's Birthday Honours 1959 were appointments in many of the Commonwealth realms of Queen Elizabeth II to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by citizens of those countries.

The appointments were made to celebrate the official birthday of The Queen, and were announced on 13 June 1959 for the United Kingdom and Commonwealth Australia, New Zealand, Ghana, and the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland.

The recipients of honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour, and arranged by honour, with classes (Knight, Knight Grand Cross, etc.) and then divisions (Military, Civil, etc.) as appropriate.

Royal Observer Corps
The Royal Observer Corps (ROC) was a civil defence organisation intended for the visual detection, identification, tracking and reporting of aircraft over Great Britain. It operated in the United Kingdom between 29 October 1925 and 31 December 1995, when the Corps' civilian volunteers were stood down (ROC headquarters staff at RAF Bentley Priory stood down on 31 March 1996). Composed mainly of civilian spare-time volunteers, ROC personnel wore a Royal Air Force (RAF) style uniform and latterly came under the administrative control of RAF Strike Command and the operational control of the Home Office. Civilian volunteers were trained and administered by a small cadre of professional full-time officers under the command of the Commandant Royal Observer Corps; latterly a serving RAF Air Commodore.
Gülbahçe, Urla
Gülbahçe is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Urla, İzmir Province, Turkey. Its population is 5,340 (2022). Due to its location on the Gulf of Gerence and near the İzmir Institute of Technology, the village is greatly expanding. The old village is surrounded by vacation homes for İzmir residents. The old route of the D.505 passes through the village, connecting to the D.300 just south of the village.

State road D.300 (Turkey)
D.300 is a major east–west state road spanning 2,004 km (1,245 mi) through central Turkey. The route begins in Çeşme, İzmir and runs east to Kapıköy, Van, on the Turkey-Iran border. The route connects several provincial capitals, including İzmir, Uşak, Afyon, Konya, Aksaray, Kayseri, Malatya, Elazığ, Muş and Van. The route is the second longest state highway in Turkey, after the D.400.

The D.300 is a four-lane highway for most of the route, except for two short sections toward the western end. The route becomes a controlled-access highway within İzmir.
Catholic Ladies College, Eltham
Catholic Ladies College, Eltham (also known simply as CLC Eltham) is an independent Roman Catholic single-sex secondary day school for girls, located in the Melbourne suburb of Eltham, Victoria, Australia. The school provides a Catholic and general education to girls from Year 7 to Year 12.

Year 12
Year 12 is an educational year group in schools in many countries including England, Wales, Northern Ireland, Australia and New Zealand. It is sometimes the twelfth or thirteenth year of compulsory education, or alternatively a year of post-compulsory education. It usually incorporates students aged between 16 and 18, depending on the locality. It is also known as "senior year" in parts of Australia, where it is the final year of compulsory education. Year Twelve in England and Wales, and in New Zealand, is the equivalent of Eleventh grade, junior year, or grade 11 in the US and parts of Canada.
Valentina Vostok
Valentina Vostok is a fictional character by DC Comics. She first appeared in Showcase #94 (August 1977), and was created by Paul Kupperberg and Joe Staton.

In live-action, Valentina Vostok made her debut in the first season of the CW Arrowverse series Legends of Tomorrow, played by Stephanie Corneliussen. Mariana Klaveno portrayed the character in the second season of the DC Universe/HBO Max series Doom Patrol.

DC Universe (streaming service)
DC Universe was an American subscription video-on-demand (SVOD) and digital comics service operated by DC Entertainment and Warner Bros. Digital Networks, both divisions of WarnerMedia. Launched on September 15, 2018, the service featured a streaming library of animated series and films based on DC Comics properties, new original television series adapted from DC properties, as well as a rotating back catalogue of DC Comics publications, and online community features. In 2020, the service won the Webby People's Voice Award for Media Streaming.

In June 2020, WarnerMedia began to phase out DC Universe in favor of its new flagship streaming service HBO Max, initially by offering a promotional offer via DC Universe for new subscribers. DC Universe was relaunched as DC Universe Infinite—which is solely a digital comics subscription service—on January 21, 2021. DC Universe's original series and future streaming productions were moved to HBO Max and became Max Originals.
Dudley Community
Dudley Community (formerly called Dudley House) is an alternative to Harvard College's 12 Houses. The Dudley Community serves nonresident undergraduate students, visiting undergraduate students, and undergraduates living in the Dudley Co-op. In 2019, the Dudley Community was formed, reflecting the administrative split between the undergraduate and graduate programs that were under Dudley House since 1991. Affiliated undergraduates have access to Dudley Community advisers, programs, intramural athletics, and organized social events. Dudley Community administrative offices are currently housed in two suites in 10 DeWolfe St in Cambridge after moving from Lehman Hall. Lehman Hall (formerly called Dudley House) now houses the student center for the Harvard Graduate School of Arts and Science.

Harvard Kenneth C. Griffin Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
The Harvard Kenneth C. Griffin Graduate School of Arts and Sciences (GSAS) is a graduate school within the Faculty of Arts and Sciences at Harvard University.

Formed in 1872, GSAS is responsible for most of Harvard's graduate degree programs in the humanities, social sciences, and natural sciences. The school offers Master of Arts (MA), Master of Science (MS), and Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degrees in approximately 58 disciplines.

Academic programs offered by the Harvard Graduate School of Arts and Sciences have consistently ranked at the top of graduate programs in the United States. The School's graduates include a diverse set of prominent public figures and academics. The vast majority of Harvard's Nobel Prize-winning alumni earned a degree at GSAS. In addition to scholars and scientists, GSAS graduates have become U.S. Cabinet secretaries, Supreme Court justices, foreign heads of state, and heads of government.
The Unhealer
The Unhealer is an American supernatural horror film written by Kevin E. Moore and J. Shawn Harris, directed by Martin Guigui, and produced by siblings Cristi Harris and J. Shawn Harris along with Tony Hannagan and Galen Walker. It stars Lance Henriksen, Natasha Henstridge, Adam Beach, Elijah Nelson, Branscombe Richmond, Chris Browning, Kayla Carlson, Angeline Appel, David Gridley, Will Ropp and Gavin Casalegno.

The film follows a bullied teenager who gains supernatural powers from a botched faith-healing then goes on a revenge spree after a high school assault by his tormentors results in the unthinkable.

The Unhealer had its world premiere at Grimmfest film festival, Manchester, England on October 9, 2020. After a festival run, it was officially released on DVD, Blu-ray, and streaming platforms on June 8, 2021.

Branscombe Richmond
Branscombe Richmond (born August 8, 1955) is an American character actor and stuntman. He is known for his starring role of Bobby Sixkiller on the American syndicated drama series, Renegade (1992–1997), and for his starring roles on the television series, Hawaiian Heat (1984) and Heart of the City (1986–1987). Richmond has appeared in numerous films, and has guest starred on numerous television series.
The Shepherdess
The Shepherdess (French: Pastourelle), also known as The Little Shepherdess, is a painting by William-Adolphe Bouguereau completed in 1889. The title is taken from the Southern French dialect. The painting depicts an idyllic, pastoral scene of a lone young woman in peasant attire posed for the artist, balancing a stick (likely her crook) across her shoulders, standing barefooted in the foreground. In the background are oxen grazing in a field.

It is one of many paintings by Bouguereau depicting shepherdesses, including one of the same name created in 1881. The subject is a model employed by Bouguereau for this and other paintings, including The Bohemian.

The Shepherdess is currently in the permanent collection at the Philbrook Museum of Art in Tulsa, where it has become an emblematic image for the museum.  It was the central image of a travelling exhibition about Bouguereau and his students that Philbrook created in 2006.

Pastoral
The pastoral genre of literature, art, or music depicts an idealised form of the shepherd's lifestyle – herding livestock around open areas of land according to the seasons and the changing availability of water and pasture.  The target audience is typically an urban one. A pastoral is a work of this genre. A piece of music in the genre is usually referred to as a pastorale.

The genre is also known as bucolic, from the Greek βουκολικόν, from βουκόλος, meaning a cowherd.
The Ugly Little Boy
"The Ugly Little Boy" is a science fiction short story by American writer Isaac Asimov. The story first appeared in the September 1958 issue of Galaxy Science Fiction under the title "Lastborn", and was reprinted under its current title in the 1959 collection Nine Tomorrows. The story deals with a Homo neanderthalensis child which is brought to the future by means of time travel. Robert Silverberg later expanded it into a novel with the same title published in 1992 (also published as Child of Time in the UK).

Asimov has said that this was his second or third favorite of his own stories.

Robert Silverberg
Robert Silverberg (born January 15, 1935) is a prolific American science fiction author and editor. He is a multiple winner of both Hugo and Nebula Awards, a member of the Science Fiction and Fantasy Hall of Fame, and a Grand Master of SF since 2004.

Especially noted Silverberg works include the novella Nightwings (1969) and the novels Downward to the Earth (1970), The World Inside (1971), Dying Inside (1972), and Lord Valentine's Castle (1980; the first of the Majipoor series).

Silverberg has attended every Hugo Award ceremony since the inaugural event in 1953.
Leonora, Guyana
Leonora is a village in Essequibo Islands-West Demerara (Region 3), one of Guyana's 10 regions. Its subdivisions are Pasture, Sea Field, Para Field, Groenveldt and Sea Spray. The neighboring villages are Anna Catherina and Uitvlugt. Leonora encompasses an area of about 13 square kilometres (5 sq mi), once part of the Parish of St. Luke. It stretches from Edinburgh in the east to Stewartville in the west, and from the Atlantic Ocean in the north, to the south as far as the West Demerara Water Conservancy.

Leonora was named after the historical 7,942 acre Leonora sugar plantation, which operated from before 1789 until the Leonora Estate sugar factory was closed down in December 1986. The plantation was named after the two children of the owner: Leo and Nora.

Leonora is home to the Synthetic Track and Field Facility, a multi-sport stadium seating 3,000 people. The sport stadium was opened in 2005.

Essequibo Islands-West Demerara
Essequibo Islands-West Demerara (Region 3) is a region of Guyana. It is situated around the Essequibo River, the largest river in Guyana that lies between the Orinoco and Amazon rivers of South America.

It is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the north, the region of Demerara-Mahaica and Demerara River to the east, the region of Upper Demerara-Berbice to the south and the region of Pomeroon-Supenaam to the west. In this region are the villages of Parika, Tuschen and Uitvlugt. Along the Essequibo River are 365 islands, of which three of the largest are to be found at the mouth of the Essequibo: Hogg Island, Wakenaam and Leguan.
Trichosanthes baviensis
Trichosanthes baviensis is a climbing plant in the family of Cucurbitaceae.  No subspecies are listed in the Catalogue of Life.  It was described from the Ba Vi area in northern Vietnam (where its name is qua lâu Ba Vì) and also occurs in southern China.

Ba Vì mountain range
The Ba Vì mountain range (Tên Nôm: Núi Ba Vì, Chữ Nôm: 𡶀𠀧位; Tên chữ: Tản Viên Sơn, Chữ Hán: 傘圓山) is a soil-limestone mountain range in Vietnam. It covers an area of about 50 km2 in Ba Vì, Lương Sơn and Kỳ Sơn districts, Hòa Bình province. The Ba Vì mountain range is called "the lord of mountains" (núi chúa) in the Vietnamese folk religion although it is not the highest mountain range in Vietnam.
Chesnokovo
Chesnokovo (Russian: Чесноково) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Chesnokovsky Selsoviet of Mikhaylovsky District, Amur Oblast, Russia. The population was 710 as of 2018. There are 18 streets.

Amur Oblast
Amur Oblast (/əˈmʊər ˈɒblæst/) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), located on the banks of the Amur and Zeya rivers in the Russian Far East. The oblast borders Heilongjiang province of the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the south.

The administrative center of the oblast, the city of Blagoveshchensk, is one of the oldest settlements in the far east of the country, founded in 1856. It is a traditional center of trade and gold mining. The territory is accessed by two railways: the Trans-Siberian Railway and the Baikal–Amur Mainline. As of the 2021 Census, the oblast's population was 766,912.
Burtoncourt
Burtoncourt (French pronunciation: [byʁtɔ̃kuʁ]; Lorrain: Beurtonco; Lorraine Franconian: Brittenduerf/Britendrëf; German: Brittendorf) is a commune in the Moselle department in Grand Est in northeastern France.

Moselle (department)
Moselle (French pronunciation: [mɔzɛl] ⓘ) is the most populous department in Lorraine, in the northeast of France, and is named after the river Moselle, a tributary of the Rhine, which flows through the western part of the department. It had a population of 1,046,543 in 2019. Inhabitants of the department are known as Mosellans.