hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bedwell Harbour Water Aerodrome
Bedwell Harbour Water Aerodrome (IATA: YBW, TC LID: CAB3) is located on Bedwell Harbour, British Columbia, Canada, in the southern part of Pender Island in the Gulf Islands.

The airport is classified as an airport of entry by Nav Canada and is staffed by the Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA) on a call-out basis from the Victoria International Airport. CBSA officers at this airport can handle general aviation aircraft only, with no more than 15 passengers.

Transport Canada
Transport Canada (TC; French: Transports Canada) is the department of the Government of Canada responsible for developing regulations, policies and services for road, rail, marine and air transportation in Canada. The current minister of transport is Steven MacKinnon. Transport Canada is headquartered in Ottawa, Ontario.
Amfissa
Amphissa (Greek: Άμφισσα [ˈamfisa]) is a town in Phocis, Greece, part of the municipality of Delphi, of which it is the seat and a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 315.174 km2. It lies on the northern edge of the olive forest of the Crissaean plain, between two mountains, Giona to the west and Parnassus to the east, 200 km (120 mi) northwest of Athens and 20 km (12 mi) of Delphi, as well as 85 km (53 mi) northeast of Naupactus and 72 km (45 mi) south of Lamia.

Amphissa dates back to antiquity, with its history spanning around 3,000 years, and has been traditionally the largest and capital city of Phocis. It was the most important city of the ancient Greek tribe of the Ozolian Locrians and one of the most powerful cities in Central Greece. In the Middle Ages, Amphissa came to be known as Salona.  It declined after several foreign conquests and destructions, but emerged as an important city in the region and played a major role during the Greek War of Independence.

Kingdom of Thessalonica
The Kingdom of Thessalonica (Greek: Βασίλειον τῆς Θεσσαλονίκης, romanized: Vasílion tis Thessaloníkis) was a short-lived Crusader State established as a vassal of the Latin Empire following the Fourth Crusade. It was formed from the partition of Byzantine lands in today's territory of Northern Greece with Thessaloniki as its capital. The kingdom faced continual pressure from neighboring powers and it collapsed after being conquered by the Despotate of Epirus in 1224.
Fecteau
Fecteau is a surname of French origin. Notable people with the surname include:

Clément Fecteau (1933–2017), Canadian Roman Catholic prelate

Jean-Sébastien Fecteau (born 1975), Canadian pair skater

Richard Fecteau (born 1927), American Central Intelligence Agency agent

Ryan Fecteau (born 1992), American politician

Simon Olivier Fecteau (born 1975), Canadian director, actor, producer and screenwriter

Vincent Fecteau (born 1969), American sculptor

Clément Fecteau
Joseph Georges Émile Clément Fecteau (20 April 1933 – 31 December 2017) was a Canadian Roman Catholic bishop.

Fecteau was born in Sainte-Marie, Quebec and was ordained to the priesthood in 1957. He subsequently served as an auxiliary bishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Québec from 1989 to 1996 and the diocesan bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Sainte-Anne-de-la-Pocatière from 1996 until his retirement in 2008. He died on 31 December 2017, aged 84.
Hochster–Roberts theorem
In algebra, the Hochster–Roberts theorem, introduced by Melvin Hochster and Joel L. Roberts in 1974, states that rings of invariants of linearly reductive groups acting on regular rings are Cohen–Macaulay.

In other words, if V is a rational representation of a linearly reductive group G over a field k, then there exist algebraically independent invariant homogeneous polynomials  such that  is a free finite graded module over .

In 1987, Jean-François Boutot proved that if a variety over a field of characteristic 0 has rational singularities then so does its quotient by the action of a reductive group; this implies the Hochster–Roberts theorem in characteristic 0 as rational singularities are Cohen–Macaulay.

In characteristic p>0, there are examples of groups that are reductive (or even finite) acting on polynomial rings whose rings of invariants are not Cohen–Macaulay.

Graded ring
In mathematics, in particular abstract algebra, a graded ring is a ring such that the underlying additive group is a direct sum of abelian groups  such that ⁠⁠. The index set is usually the set of nonnegative integers or the set of integers, but can be any monoid. The direct sum decomposition is usually referred to as gradation or grading.

A graded module is defined similarly (see below for the precise definition). It generalizes graded vector spaces. A graded module that is also a graded ring is called a graded algebra. A graded ring could also be viewed as a graded ⁠⁠-algebra.

The associativity is not important (in fact not used at all) in the definition of a graded ring; hence, the notion applies to non-associative algebras as well; e.g., one can consider a graded Lie algebra.
Anzjøn
Anzjøn is a Norwegian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Line Anzjøn (born 1975), Norwegian footballer

Peder Paulsen Anzjøn (1806–1890), Norwegian politician

Stein Anzjøn (born 1958), Norwegian archer

Peder Paulsen Anzjøn
Peder Paulsen Anzjøn (23 January 1806 – 23 May 1890) was a Norwegian politician.

He was elected to the Norwegian Parliament in 1842, and his term ended in 1844. He represented the rural constituency of Søndre Trondhjems Amt (today named Sør-Trøndelag). He worked as a farmer and bailiff. He sat through one term.
Travel guitar
Travel guitars are small guitars with a full or nearly full scale-length. In contrast, a reduced scale-length is typical for guitars intended for children, which have scale-lengths of one-quarter (ukulele guitar, or guitalele), one-half, and three-quarter.

Although they were originally designed as a portable practice guitar, travel guitars have been used on stage by some professional performers.

Taylor Guitars
Taylor Guitars is an American guitar manufacturer based in El Cajon, California. The company was founded in 1974 by Bob Taylor and Kurt Listug, specializing in acoustic guitars and semi-hollow electric guitars. It is one of the largest manufacturers of acoustic guitars in the United States and sells guitars in 65 countries around the world.
Karneshwar Dham
Karneshwar Dham, also known as Karneshwar Shiv Mandir (Karna+ eshwar; the god of Karna-lord Shiva who was also Rameshwar) is one of the ancient temples in Karon, the most sacred abodes of Shiva named after Karna, a key antagonist of the Hindu epic Mahabharata. Karneshwar is located in Karon in the Deoghar district of the state of Jharkhand, India. It is a temple complex consisting of the main temple of Baba Karneshwar, where the Shivalinga is installed, and 27 other temples.

According to Hindu beliefs, Karna who was the then ruler of Karon which comes under Angadesh , was a devotee of Shiva and thus he installed a Shivalinga at the current site of the temple to worship Shiva, his lord. As it is believed that the temple is built by King Karna, so from this aspect the temple derives its name.

Deoghar district
Deoghar district (pronounced, Devo ka ghar) is one of the twenty-four districts of Jharkhand state in eastern India. Deoghar, the central city of the district, is also its administrative headquarters. This district is known for the Baidyanath Jyotirlinga shrine and is a part of the Santhal Pargana division. Deoghar is a Hindi word meaning abode ('ghar') of the Gods and Goddesses ('dev'). Deoghar is also known as "Baidyanath Dham", and "Baba Dham",.
Muhar Jamsher
Muhar Jamsher is a village in Fazilka district in the Indian state of Punjab. It is located around 20 kilometers from the nearest city, Fazilka city, the district headquarters. Muhar Jamsher is noted for being one of two villages in India that is surrounded by Pakistan on three sides and by a river on the other. In February 2014, a road bridge was constructed over Sutlej for the first time to connect Muhar Jamsher with the rest of the Indian mainland.

Muhar Jamsher has a population of 1500 residents. Despite the availability of a bridge, residents have likened living in the village to that of a prison because the bridge is frequently locked by  Border Security Force for security reasons.

Border Security Force
The Border Security Force (BSF) is a central armed police force under the Ministry of Home Affairs. It is responsible for guarding India's borders with Pakistan and Bangladesh. It was formed in the wake of the Indo-Pak War of 1965 to ensure the security of India's borders and for related matters.

The BSF has grown from 25 battalions in 1965, to 193 battalions with a sanctioned strength of 270,000 personnel including an expanding air wing, water wing, an artillery regiment and specialised units. It is currently the world's largest border security force. BSF has been termed the First Line of Defence of Indian territories.
Percy Vinnell
Percy Cornelius Vinnell (1879 – 23 February 1938) was a New Zealand businessman and Mayor of Timaru.

Born in Oxfordshire, England in 1879 the son of Cornelius Vinnell and Joanna (née Pursey), Vinnell was educated at St Paul's School in Oxford before coming to New Zealand in 1913. He spent two years in Wellington, working at a boot factory before moving to Timaru after his marriage where he set up business as a boot manufacturer at the Canterbury Shoe Company.

Percy was first elected to the Timaru Borough Council in 1919, and served under three Mayors. He succeeded T. W. Satterthwaite as Mayor in June 1936 after his sudden death. He was also the Labour candidate for Timaru in 1919, 1922 and 1925.

Vinnell died on 23 February 1938.

1919 New Zealand general election
The 1919 New Zealand general election was held on Tuesday, 16 December in the Māori electorates and on Wednesday, 17 December in the general electorates to elect a total of 80 MPs to the 20th session of the New Zealand Parliament. A total number of 560,673 (80.5%) voters turned out to vote.

In 1919 women won the right to be elected to the House of Representatives. The law was changed late that year, and with only three weeks' notice, three women stood for Parliament.

They were Ellen Melville in Grey Lynn, Rosetta Baume in Parnell, and Aileen Cooke in Thames. Ellen Melville stood for the Reform Party and came second. She stood for Parliament several more times and generally polled well but never won a seat.

This is the most recent general election in which none of the major party leaders were born in New Zealand.
Hauser Plads 16
Hauser Plads 16 is an 11-bays-wide,  mid 19th-century  building situated on the east side of Hauser Plads in the Old Town of Copenhagen, Denmark. The building was listed in the Danish registry of protected buildings and places in 1945. Notable former residents include writer and educator Harald Valdemar Rasmussen (1821–1891) and painter Julius Exner. Restaurant Schønnemann, one of Copenhagen's oldest traditional lunch restaurants, known for its smørrebrød and large selection of Snaps, has been located in the basement since 1901.

Snaps
In the Nordic countries, especially Denmark and Sweden, but not in Iceland, snaps (pronounced [ˈsnaps], Finnish: snapsi), among many nicknames, is a small shot of a strong alcoholic beverage taken during the course of a meal.

In Denmark, a snaps will always be akvavit, although there are many varieties of it. In Sweden, snaps is a more general term for any small amount of "liquor"; although usually brännvin, it may also be other spirits, such as vodka, bitters/bitter liqueurs, whisky or brandy etc. In Norway, a more common name is the synonym dram (from the unit of the same name). One of Finland's strongest alcohol drinks served as snaps is Marskin ryyppy, named after Marshal C. G. E. Mannerheim.

The word "snaps" also has the same meaning as German Schnapps (German: [ʃnaps]), in the sense of "any strong alcoholic drink".
William FitzWilliam, 2nd Baron FitzWilliam
William Fitzwilliam, 2nd Baron Fitzwilliam MP (c.1609 – 21 February 1658) was an English nobleman and politician who sat in the House of Commons of England between 1640 and 1653.

Fitzwilliam was the son of William Fitzwilliam, 1st Baron Fitzwilliam (1577–1643) and his wife Catherine Hyde (1574–1643).

In April 1640, Fitzwilliam was elected Member of Parliament for Peterborough in the Short Parliament. He was re-elected in November 1640 for the Long Parliament where he remained throughout its duration. Fitzwilliam inherited the peerage on the death of his father in 1643.

Fitzwilliam died at the age of 49.

On 11 Jul 1638 Fitzwilliam married Jane Hunter Perry (1611 – 8 April 1671), daughter of Hugh Perry and his wife Catherine Fenn. Their son William succeeded to the title and was later created Earl Fitzwilliam. Their daughter Jane FitzWilliam (1646–1679) married Sir Christopher Wren.

Peterborough (UK Parliament constituency)
Peterborough is a borough constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom since July 2024 by Andrew Pakes of the Labour Party.

Its current form is the direct, unbroken successor of a smaller constituency that was created in the mid-16th century returning two Members of Parliament (MPs) using the bloc vote system of election and represented in the House of Commons of England until 1707, then in the House of Commons of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800, and then in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1885. From 1885 onwards, the seat has elected one MP using the first-past-the-post system.
Ian Lynam
Ian Lynam (born 1970) is an Irish retired hurler who played as a goalkeeper for the Cork senior team.

Born in Blackpool, Cork, Lynam first arrived on the inter-county scene at the age of seventeen when he first linked up with the Cork minor team, before later joining the under-21 side. He made his senior debut during the 1994-95 National Hurling League. Lynam went on to play for Cork for just one championship season.

At club level Lynam is a one-time championship medallist with Glen Rovers.

In retirement from playing, Lynam became involved in team management and coaching. He has served as manager of the Glen Rovers senior team and is the current coach of the side.

Blackpool, Cork
Blackpool (Irish: An Linn Dubh) is a suburb of Cork city in County Cork, Ireland. It is situated in the north of the city, on the N20 road to Mallow. Blackpool is part of the Cork North-Central Dáil constituency.
Heaton Lodge Junction
Heaton Lodge Junction is a railway junction on the Trans-Pennine line, which connects Manchester Piccadilly with Leeds via Huddersfield, and the Calder Valley Line through Sowerby Bridge to Wakefield. The line and junctions were historically important as they connected the industrialised areas of Lancashire and Yorkshire.

Huddersfield railway station
Huddersfield railway station serves the town of Huddersfield, in West Yorkshire, England.
It is a stop on the Huddersfield line and is managed by TransPennine Express, which provides trains between the North West, Yorkshire and the North East. It is also served by Northern Trains, which operates trains on the Huddersfield, Penistone and Caldervale lines.
Yum Burnu
Yum Burnu (Turkish 'Cape of Good Hope'), the ancient Ancyræan Cape or Ancyræan Promontory and the modern Greek Cape Psomion, is the cape at the northeast end of the Bosphorus, where it enters the Black Sea.

It is a bold headland descending almost perpendicularly into the water.

Just below it is a reef which is often identified as the Asian side of the mythical Symplegades.

Headland
A headland, also known as a head, is a coastal landform, a point of land usually high and often with a sheer drop, that extends into a body of water. It is a type of promontory. A headland of considerable size often is called a cape. Headlands are characterised by high, breaking waves, rocky shores, intense erosion, and steep sea cliff.

Headlands and bays are often found on the same coastline. A bay is flanked by land on three sides, whereas a headland is flanked by water on three sides. Headlands and bays form on discordant coastlines, where bands of rock of alternating resistance run perpendicular to the coast. Bays form when weak (less resistant) rocks (such as sands and clays) are eroded, leaving bands of stronger (more resistant) rocks (such as chalk, limestone, and granite) forming a headland, or peninsula. Through the deposition of sediment within the bay and the erosion of the headlands, coastlines eventually straighten out, then start the same process all over again.
Trecia Roberts
Trecia Roberts (Thai: ทรีเซีย โรเบิร์ตส; born 4 February 1971 in Bangkok, Krung Thep Maha Nakhon) is a Thai-American 100 metres hurdles runner. She was born to a Thai mother and an African-American father.

She competed for the United States up to and including the 1999 indoor season, but represented Thailand at the 1999 World Championships.

She won the silver medal at the 2000 Asian Championships and bronze medals at the Asian Championships in 2002 and 2003 as well as the 2002 Asian Games, where she also helped win a silver medal in 4 x 100 metres relay. She finished sixth at the 2006 Asian Games.

She also competed at the World Championships in 1999, 2001, 2003 and 2005, the World Indoor Championships in 2001 and the Olympic Games in 2000 and 2004 without reaching the final.

Her personal best time is 12.73 seconds, achieved in July 1998 in Flagstaff. She competed for the United States at the time, but later set a Thai record of 12.83 seconds.

2003 Asian Athletics Championships
The 15th Asian Athletics Championships were held in Manila, Philippines on September 20–23, 2003.

The Philippines last hosted the tournament in 1993. The Philippines also rejected bids from Japan to concede hosting duties to it.
Battlestar Galactica Online
Battlestar Galactica Online was a browser-based massively multiplayer online game (MMO) loosely based on the 2004 television series Battlestar Galactica. Released in open beta on February 8, 2011, it was developed by Bigpoint Games and Artplant using the Unity game engine for the game client in the browser. The game server was written in Erlang. In less than three months of release, the game surpassed two million registered users.

Bigpoint announced in early January 2019 that the game servers would be closed at the end of the month, and the game permanently shut down in the early morning hours of February 1, 2019.

Unity (game engine)
Unity is a cross-platform game engine developed by Unity Technologies, first announced and released in June 2005 at the Apple Worldwide Developers Conference as a Mac OS X game engine. The engine has since been gradually extended to support a variety of desktop, mobile, console, augmented reality, and virtual reality platforms. It is particularly popular for iOS and Android mobile game development, is considered easy to use for beginner developers, and is popular for indie game development.

The engine can be used to create three-dimensional (3D) and two-dimensional (2D) games, as well as interactive simulations. The engine has been adopted by industries outside video gaming including film, automotive, architecture, engineering, construction, and the United States Armed Forces.
Fès-Boulemane
Fès-Boulemane (Arabic: فاس بولمان) was formerly one of the sixteen regions of Morocco from 1997 to 2015. It was situated in an agricultural region of northern Morocco, and borders Rif Mountains to the north. It covered an area of 19,795 km2 and had a population of 1,808,295 (2014 census). The capital was Fès. In 2015, it expanded Taounate and Taza Provinces (formerly from the Taza-Al Hoceima-Taounate Region); and Meknès Prefecture and El Hajeb and Ifrane Provinces (formerly from the Meknès-Tafilalet Region) to form the Region of Fès-Meknès.

Regions of Morocco
Regions are currently the highest administrative divisions in Morocco. Since 2015, Morocco officially administers 12 regions, including one (Dakhla-Oued Ed-Dahab) that lies completely within the disputed territory of Western Sahara and two (Laâyoune-Sakia El Hamra and Guelmim-Oued Noun) that lie partially within it. The regions are subdivided into a total of 75 second-level administrative divisions, which are prefectures and provinces.

A region is governed by a directly elected regional council. The president of the council is responsible for carrying out the council's decisions. Prior to the 2011 constitutional reforms, this was the responsibility of the Wali, the representative of the central government appointed by the King, who now plays a supporting role in the administration of the region.
Second Chances (album)
Second Chances is the fourth album released by smooth jazz artist Jessy J. Released on September 10, 2013, it debuted at No. 2 on the Billboard Jazz Albums chart. The album features guest writers, co-producers and performances by Norman Brown, Jeff Lorber, Jimmy Haslip, Johnny Britt, and Joe Sample. In addition to eight original songs, Second Chances includes Jessy J's reimaging of classics by Roberta Flack "Feel Like Making Love" and Sergio Mendes' samba "Magalenha".

Smooth jazz
Smooth jazz is a commercially oriented style crossover jazz music. Although often described as a “genre,” it remains a debated and sometimes controversial topic among jazz musicians and critics. As a radio format, however, smooth jazz radio became the successor to easy listening music on radio station programming from the mid-1970s through the early 1990s.
Galkayo
Galkayo (Somali: Gaalkacyo, Arabic: جالكعيو, Italian: Gallacaio also known as Rocca Littorio) is the third-largest city in Somalia and serves as the capital of the north-central Mudug region.

Geographically, Galkayo is divided into four main quarters: Garsoor, Horumar, Israac, and Wadajir. Galkayo is divided between the regional states of Puntland and Galmudug. It serves as the capital of the Galkayo District as well as the Mudug region, and it has grown considerably in recent times, becoming a commercial hub connecting southern Somalia with the northern parts of the country.

Galdogob
Galdogob (Somali: Galdogob) is a town that is administered by the semi-autonomous Puntland State of Somalia, and serves as the capital of the Galdogob District within the Mudug region.  The city technically straddles the disputed 1950s-era Provisional Administrative Line, as depicted on virtually all worldwide maps, from north-central Somalia.
Aditi
Aditi  (Sanskrit: अदिति, lit. 'boundless' or 'limitless' or 'innocence')  is an important Vedic goddess in Hinduism.

She is the personification of the sprawling infinite and vast cosmos. She is the goddess of motherhood, consciousness, unconsciousness, the past, the future, and fertility. She is the mother of the celestial deities known as the Adityas, and is referred to as the mother of many deities. As celestial mother of numerous beings, the synthesis of all things, she is associated with space (akasha) and with mystic speech (Vāc). She may be seen as a feminine form of Brahma, and associated with the primal substance (mulaprakriti) in the Vedanta. She is mentioned more than 250 times in the Rigveda, the verses replete with her praise.

Unconsciousness
Unconsciousness is a state in which a living individual exhibits a complete, or near-complete, inability to maintain an awareness of self and environment or to respond to any human or environmental stimulus. Unconsciousness may occur as the result of traumatic brain injury, brain hypoxia (inadequate oxygen, possibly due to a brain infarction or cardiac arrest), severe intoxication with drugs that depress the activity of the central nervous system (e.g., alcohol and other hypnotic or sedative drugs), severe fatigue, pain, anaesthesia, and other causes.

Loss of consciousness should not be confused with the notion of the psychoanalytic unconscious, cognitive processes that take place outside awareness (e.g., implicit cognition), and with altered states of consciousness such as sleep, delirium, hypnosis, and other altered states in which the person responds to stimuli, including trance and psychedelic experiences.