hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nizhnespasskoye
Nizhnespasskoye (Russian: Нижнеспасское) is a rural locality (a selo) in Smidovichsky District, Jewish Autonomous Oblast, Russia. Population:  43 (2010 census); 29 (2002 census);  There is 1 street in this selo.

Jewish Autonomous Oblast
The Jewish Autonomous Oblast (JAO) is a federal subject of Russia in the far east of the country, bordering Khabarovsk Krai and Amur Oblast in Russia and Heilongjiang province in China. Its administrative center is the town of Birobidzhan.

The JAO was designated by a Soviet official decree in 1928, and officially established in 1934. At its height, in the late 1940s, the Jewish population in the region peaked around 46,000–50,000, approximately 25% of its population. Since then, the share of Jews steadily declined, and according to the 2021 Russian census, there were only 837 ethnic Jews left in the JAO (0.6%).

Article 65 of the Constitution of Russia provides that the JAO is Russia's only autonomous oblast. It is one of two officially Jewish jurisdictions in the world, the other being Israel. It is one of the few places in the world where Yiddish is a recognized minority language.
Deafness in Iceland
The history of deafness in Iceland includes the history of Icelandic Sign Language (ISL) and its status as the first language of the Deaf, the history of Icelandic Deaf education and Deaf organizations, and the status of hearing screenings in the country.

University of Iceland
The University of Iceland (Icelandic: Háskóli Íslands [ˈhauːˌskouːlɪ ˈistlan(t)s]) is a public research university in Reykjavík, Iceland, and the country's oldest and largest institution of higher education. Founded in 1911, it has grown steadily from a small civil servants' school to a modern comprehensive university, providing instruction for about 14,000 students in twenty-five faculties. Teaching and research is conducted in social sciences, humanities, law, medicine, natural sciences, engineering and teacher education. It has a campus concentrated around Suðurgata, a street in central Reykjavík, with additional facilities located in nearby areas as well as in the countryside.
Wakachichibu Komei
Wakachichibu Komei (real name Komei Kato, 16 March 1939 – 17 September 2014) was a sumo wrestler from Chichibu, Saitama, Japan. He made his professional debut in May 1954 and reached the top division in September 1958. His highest rank was sekiwake. Upon retirement from active competition he became an elder in the Japan Sumo Association, under the name Tokiwayama. He reached the Sumo Association's mandatory retirement age in March 2004.

Saitama Prefecture
Saitama Prefecture (埼玉県, Saitama-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [saꜜi.ta.ma, sai.ta.maꜜ.keɴ]) is a landlocked prefecture of Japan located in the Kantō region of Honshu. Saitama Prefecture has a population of 7,338,536 (January 1, 2020) and has a geographic area of 3,797 km2 (1,466 sq mi). Saitama Prefecture borders Tochigi Prefecture and Gunma Prefecture to the north, Nagano Prefecture to the west, Yamanashi Prefecture to the southwest, Tokyo to the south, Chiba Prefecture to the southeast, and Ibaraki Prefecture to the northeast.

Saitama is the capital and largest city of Saitama Prefecture, with other major cities including Kawaguchi, Kawagoe, and Tokorozawa.
Mental health counselor
A mental health counselor (MHC), often simply counselor (counsellor in British English), is a person who works with individuals and groups to promote optimum mental and emotional health. Such persons may help individuals deal with issues associated with addiction and substance abuse; family, parenting, and marital problems; stress management; self-esteem; and aging.  The United States Bureau of Labor Statistics distinguishes "Mental Health Counselors" from "Social Workers", "Psychiatrists", and "Psychologists".

Social group
In the social sciences, a social group is defined as two or more people who interact with one another, share similar characteristics, and collectively have a sense of unity. Regardless, social groups come in a myriad of sizes and varieties. For example, a society can be viewed as a large social group. The system of behaviors and psychological processes occurring within a social group or between social groups is known as group dynamics.
Royal Motor Yacht Club of New South Wales
The Royal Motor Yacht Club of New South Wales is a club for motorboat owners located at 21 Wunulla Road, Point Piper.

The club was founded in 1905 as the Motor Boat Club of New South Wales. At its foundation it had 92 members, all boat owners. Philip Mitchell was elected commodore, Dr George Reid vice-commodore and Frank Albert (of Albert Music) rear-commodore. George W. Whatmore, who had initiated the club's formation by writing to The Sydney Morning Herald, became the first secretary, with Fred Wiesener as treasurer.

Members initially met at rooms at Circular Quay. In 1910 the current site was purchased and a clubhouse built. Officially opened by Lord Chelmsford, Governor of New South Wales, it was renamed Motor Yacht Club of New South Wales.

In 1927 it was granted permission to use the prefix "Royal".

Alberts (Australia)
Albert Group Services Pty Ltd, known as Alberts, formerly Albert Music and J Albert and Son, is an Australian music company. The company has major interests in music publishing and production and it earns significant royalties through its subsidiary, Albert Productions which manages the music catalogue of the Australian rock band AC/DC. Alberts was acquired by BMG Rights Management in July 2016.
Calthorpe (novel)
Calthorpe, or Fallen Fortunes is an 1821 novel by the British writer Thomas Gaspey. It was published in three volumes by the London firm Longman, Hurst, Rees and Orme. Partly set in Germany amongst British merchants, it contains a murder mystery. The negative portrayal of banks and financiers is a recurring theme in British literature of the era.

Investor
An investor is a person or entity that allocates financial capital with the expectation of a future return (profit) or to gain an advantage (interest). Through this allocated capital the investor usually purchases some species of property. Types of investments include equity, debt, securities, real estate, infrastructure, currency, commodity, token, derivatives such as put and call options, futures, forwards, etc. This definition makes no distinction between the investors in the primary and secondary markets.  That is, someone who provides a business with capital and someone who buys a stock are both investors.  An investor who owns stock is a shareholder.
Dog rope
A dog rope is a short length of rawhide rope that was used by the Dog Soldiers of the Cheyenne warrior societies and warriors considered especially brave of other tribes.  Its purpose was to anchor the warrior in place when a last-ditch defence was called for, thus indicating an intention not to retreat even against overwhelming odds.

Rawhide (material)
Rawhide is a hide or animal skin that has not been exposed to tanning. It is similar to parchment, much lighter in color than leather made by traditional vegetable tanning.

Rawhide is more susceptible to water than leather, and it quickly softens and stretches if left wet unless well waterproofed.

"Rawhide" laces often sold for boots or baseball gloves are made of normal tanned leather rather than actual rawhide. Rawhide is not pliable when dry and would be unsuitable for that use.
Ohio State Route 16
State Route 16 (SR 16) is an east–west highway running from Columbus to Coshocton.  Its western terminus is at Civic Center Drive (formerly U.S. Route 33) in Downtown Columbus, and its eastern terminus is at US 36.  For much of its run through Licking County, and its entire run through Franklin County, State Route 16 follows the path of Columbus' Broad Street. West of Drexel Avenue in Bexley, the route is cosigned with U.S. Route 40 until its endpoint just east of the Scioto River.

Coshocton, Ohio
Coshocton (/kəˈʃɒktən/) is a city in Coshocton County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. The population was 11,050 at the 2020 census. It is located approximately 63 miles (101 km) east-northeast of Columbus. The Walhonding River and the Tuscarawas River meet in Coshocton to form the Muskingum River.

Coshocton contains Roscoe Village, a restored town of the canal era, located next to the former Ohio and Erie Canal. A heritage tourist attraction, it showcases the area's unique canal history. The city was developed on the site of a former Lenape village established in the late 1770s by bands who had migrated from the East under European oppression. Coshocton is the principal city of the Coshocton micropolitan area.
Stadium Casablanca
Stadium Casablanca (also known as Mann-Filter for sponsorship reasons), was a sports club based in Zaragoza. The women's basketball section played in the Liga Femenina de Baloncesto until 2020 when the structure of the club was integrare into the Basket Zaragoza team.

Liga Femenina de Baloncesto
The Liga Femenina de Baloncesto, also known as Liga Femenina Endesa for sponsorship reasons, is the highest level of league competition for women's basketball in Spain. It is the women's equivalent of the men's Liga ACB and is run by the Spanish Basketball Federation. The league was founded in 1964 and is played under FIBA rules.

Throughout its history 13 clubs have been champions; CB Godella-Pool Getafe (with both names), Ros Casares and Perfumerías Avenida have won the most championships, with eight.
Review of World Economics
Review of World Economics is a peer-reviewed quarterly journal of international economics. It is published by Springer on behalf of the Kiel Institute for the World Economy. Under the name Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv, it was founded in 1913 as the world's first journal with a focus on international economics. In 2003, it was renamed to Review of World Economics. The journal's main areas of publication include international trade, international finance, currency systems and exchange rates, monetary and fiscal policies, economic development, and technological growth. According to the Journal Citation Reports by Thomson Reuters, the journal has a 2017 impact factor of 1.383, ranking it 18th out of 85 journals in the category "International Relations".

Thomson Reuters
Thomson Reuters Corporation (/ˈrɔɪtərz/ ⓘ ROY-tərz) is a Canadian multinational content-driven technology conglomerate. The company was founded in Toronto, Ontario, and maintains its headquarters in the city at 19 Duncan Street.

Thomson Reuters was created by the Thomson Corporation's purchase of the British company Reuters Group on 17 April 2008. It is majority-owned by the Woodbridge Company, a holding company for the Thomson family of Canada.
Caerdydd (TV series)
Caerdydd is a Welsh language television programme set in Cardiff made by Fiction Factory for Welsh public service television station S4C. The series is "a stylish, new drama about modern, urban Welsh-speakers living in a bilingual city" following "a group of modern urban twenty- and thirtysomethings" with "their complex friendships and relationships [set] against a backdrop of relentless socialising". First commissioned by S4C's drama editor Angharad Jones in 2005, as part of a drive by S4C to reach a younger audience, the third series of Caerdydd started its run on S4C on 30 March 2008. A fourth series was commissioned and went into production in Spring 2008. It started broadcasting on 14 June 2009.

BAFTA Cymru
BAFTA Cymru (or BAFTA in Wales) is the Welsh branch of the British Academy of Film and Television Arts (BAFTA) and was founded in 1987.

The British Academy Cymru Awards were established in 1991, with the inaugural awards ceremony held on 30 November 1991. The annual ceremony takes place in Cardiff to recognise achievement in production, performance and craft categories in Welsh-made films and television programmes and by those of Welsh birth or residence. These are separate from the UK-wide British Academy Television Awards and British Academy Film Awards, although films and programmes recognised by BAFTA Cymru may also feature at BAFTA's national awards.
Nyoro language
Nyoro or Runyoro (Orunyoro, [oɾuɲôɾo]) is a Bantu language spoken by the Nyoro people of Uganda. It has two dialects: Runyoro proper and Rutagwenda. A standardized orthography was established in 1947. It's most closely related to Rutooro.

Madi people
The Madi or Màʼdí are a Central Sudanic speaking people that live in Magwi County in Eastern Equatoria, South Sudan and the districts of Adjumani and Moyo in Uganda. From south to north, the area runs from Nimule, at the South Sudan Uganda border, to Nyolo River where the Maʼdi mingle with the Acholi, the Bari, and the Lolubo. From the east to west, it runs from Parajok/Magwi to Uganda across the River Nile.
Nocino
Nocino is a dark brown liqueur from the Emilia-Romagna region of Italy. It is made from unripe green walnuts. The walnuts and the liquor are handled using ceramic or wooden tools (to avoid oxidation) and placed in an alcoholic base. After steeping in spirit, the walnuts are removed and the alcohol is mixed with simple syrup. Nocino has an aromatic but bittersweet flavor. It may be homemade; villages and even individual families often have their own (oftentimes secret) recipes, including different additions like cinnamon, juniper berries, lemon or orange zest, vanilla pods, coffee beans, or clove. The spices are added lightly, to avoid overpowering the flavour of the walnuts. A classic base consists of vodka. Nocino is also available commercially in bottled form. Commercially available nocino is typically 40 percent alcohol by volume, or 80 proof.

Alcohol by volume
Alcohol by volume (abbreviated as alc/vol or ABV) is a common measure of the amount of alcohol contained in a given alcoholic beverage. It is defined as the volume the ethanol in the liquid would take if separated from the rest of the solution, divided by the volume of the solution, both at 20 °C (68 °F). Pure ethanol is lighter than water, with a density of 0.78945 g/mL (0.82353 oz/US fl oz; 0.79122 oz/imp fl oz; 0.45633 oz/cu in). The alc/vol standard is used worldwide. The International Organization of Legal Metrology has tables of density of water–ethanol mixtures at different concentrations and temperatures.

In some countries, e.g. France, alcohol by volume is often referred to as degrees Gay-Lussac (after the French chemist Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac), although there is a slight difference since the Gay-Lussac convention uses the International Standard Atmosphere value for temperature, 15 °C (59 °F).
George W. Bell
George Waltham Bell was an American doctor who served in the Arkansas Senate from 1891 to 1895. He was a graduate of Lincoln University in Pennsylvania. He served as president of Southland College.

Bell was elected to the Arkansas Senate and served representing the 15th District (Desha and Chicot County, Arkansas Chicot counties) in the 28th Arkansas General Assembly and the 29th Arkansas General Assembly. While in office, he opposed separate coach laws. J. H. Smith wrote a letter disputing Bell's descriptions of his speech in 1891.

Lincoln University (Pennsylvania)
Lincoln University (LU) is a public state-related historically black university (HBCU) in Lower Oxford Township, Pennsylvania, United States. Founded as the private Ashmun Institute in 1854, it has been a public institution since 1972. Lincoln is also recognized as the first college-degree-granting HBCU in the country. Its main campus is located on 422 acres (170.8 ha) in southern Chester County, Pennsylvania. The university has a second location in University City, Philadelphia. Lincoln University provides undergraduate and graduate coursework to approximately 2,000 students. It is a member-school of the Thurgood Marshall College Fund.

While a majority of its students are African Americans, the university has a long history of accepting students of other races and nationalities. Women have received degrees since 1953, and made up 66% of undergraduate enrollment in 2019.
Sart railway station
Sart railway station (Turkish: Sart istasyonu) is a railway station in Sart, Turkey. TCDD Taşımacılık operates two daily regional trains from İzmir to Alaşehir and Uşak along with one daily regional train from Manisa to Alaşehir.

The station has a single side platform, serving one track.

Uşak
Uşak (Turkish pronunciation: [ˈuʃak]) is a city in the interior part of the Aegean Region of Turkey. It is the seat of Uşak Province and Uşak District. Its population is 236,366 (2022).

Uşak is located 210 km (130 mi) from İzmir, the region's principal metropolitan center and port city. Benefiting from its location at the crossroads of the Central Anatolian plateau and the coastal Aegean Region, and from a climate and agricultural production incorporating elements of both of these zones, Uşak has also traditionally had a strong industrial base. Uşak was the first city in Turkey to have an urban electricity network, and the first city where a collective labor relations agreement was signed, during the Ottoman era, between leather industry employees and workers. It was here that the first factory of Republican Turkey, a sugar refinery, was set up through a private sector initiative among local businessmen. The tradition of industriousness continues today around two industrial zones.
Promet Split
Promet Split (English: Traffic Split) is the transit authority responsible for public transport in Split (the second largest city in Croatia) and parts of the surrounding Split Metropolitan area. It was founded on March 13, 1948 in Split.

In 1965 the company "Iskra" from Supetar was merged with "Promet", whereby "Promet" took over the entire public transport on the island of Brač.

In 1996, the public utility company "Promet" was transformed into a limited liability company.

In 2008 the company upgraded its fleet with the latest MAN and Mercedes-Benz models.

Starting April 1, 2018 "Promet" introduces free Wi-Fi network service.

Mercedes-Benz buses
Mercedes-Benz has been producing buses since 1895 in Mannheim in Germany. Since 1995 Mercedes-Benz buses and coaches are known by the brand name of Daimler Buses (formerly EvoBus GmbH), a wholly owned subsidiary of Daimler Truck.
Resatorvid
Resatorvid (TAK-242) is a cyclohexane derivative that was invented by scientists at Takeda in a drug discovery campaign to identify inhibitors of the receptor TLR4. It binds directly to cysteine residue 747 intracellularly, preventing TLR4 binding with TIRAP and thus preventing downstream signal transduction.

A randomized, double-blinded Phase III trial of resatorvid in sepsis was halted early due to lack of efficacy, and the compound has become a widely used tool compound in biological research.

It has antiinflammatory and neuroprotective effects in preclinical models. It has been explored in preclinical studies of several forms of cancer, including multiple myeloma, breast cancer, and ovarian cancer, and has been suggested for study in skin cancers.

Efforts have been made to improve resatorvid by making prodrugs and deuterated derivatives.

Takeda Pharmaceutical Company
The Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited (武田薬品工業株式会社, Takeda Yakuhin Kōgyō kabushiki gaisha) [takeꜜda jakɯçiŋ koꜜːɡʲoː] is a Japanese multinational pharmaceutical company. It is the third largest pharmaceutical company in Asia, behind Sinopharm and Shanghai Pharmaceuticals, and one of the top 20 largest pharmaceutical companies in the world by revenue (top 10 following its merger with Shire). The company has over 49,578 employees worldwide and achieved US$19.299 billion in revenue during the 2018 fiscal year. The company is focused on oncology, rare diseases, neuroscience, gastroenterology, plasma-derived therapies and vaccines. Its headquarters is located in Chuo-ku, Osaka, and it has an office in Nihonbashi, Chuo, Tokyo. In January 2012, Fortune Magazine ranked the Takeda Oncology Company as one of the 100 best companies to work for in the United States. As of 2015, Christophe Weber was appointed as the CEO and president of Takeda.
Vanee Foods
Vanee Foods Company, Inc., is a manufacturer of a variety of food products, from canned entrees and gravies to dry mixes and soup bases.The company's products are marketed primarily through the foodservice and club store channels. Vanee Foods also manufactures custom formulations for national and regional chain restaurants, and is a co-packer for several major food companies. Founded by Joseph and Adriana VanEekeren in 1950 in downtown Chicago, Vanee Foods is still family owned and operated. Today, there are ten family members involved in the day-to-day management of the company.

Vanee Foods was involved in a minor recall in 2014 after 3,156 pounds of turkey base was mislabeled omitting contents which included milk, a known allergen. During the 1980’s and 1990’s Vanee Foods supplied T-Rations to the United States Army during Operation Desert Shield and Operation Desert Storm.

Chain store
A chain store or retail chain is a retail outlet in which several locations share a brand, central management, and standardized business practices. They have come to dominate many retail markets, dining markets, and service categories in many parts of the world. A franchised retail establishment is one form of a chain store.  In 2005, the world's largest retail chain, Walmart, became the world's largest corporation based on gross sales.
Aleksandar Rakić
Aleksandar Rakić (Serbian Cyrillic: Александар Ракић; born February 6, 1992) is a Serbian mixed martial artist. He currently competes in the Light Heavyweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC). A professional since 2011, Rakić has also competed for the Final Fight Championship in Austria. As of December 9, 2025, he is #11 in the UFC light heavyweight rankings.

Final Fight Championship
Final Fight Championship (FFC) is an international combat sports promotion company founded in 2003 by the FFC owner and CEO Orsat Zovko. The company has its headquarters in Las Vegas, Nevada, USA, as well as a European office in Zagreb, Croatia.

FFC started as a kickboxing promotion, in 2013 FFC introduced MMA fights in its events as well as boxing matches in 2016.
USS Menhaden (SP-847)
The first USS Menhaden (SP-847) was a United States Navy patrol vessel and tug in commission from 1917 to 1919.

Menhaden was built as a commercial tug of the same name in 1905 by C. W. Crockett at Pocomoke City, Maryland. In May 1917, the U.S. Navy chartered her from her owner, E. Benson Dennis of Cape Charles, Virginia, for use as a section patrol vessel during World War I. She was commissioned as USS Menhaden (SP-847) on 21 May 1917.

Assigned to the 5th Naval District and based at Norfolk, Virginia, Menhaden provided tug and towing services and conducted harbor patrols in Hampton Roads for the rest of World War I and into 1919. She also provided support to the 5th Naval District's minesweepers.

Menhaden was returned to Dennis on 12 March 1919.

Charter
A charter is the grant of authority or rights, stating that the granter formally recognizes the prerogative of the recipient to exercise the rights specified. It is implicit that the granter retains superiority (or sovereignty), and that the recipient admits a limited (or inferior) status within the relationship, and it is within that sense that charters were historically granted, and it is that sense which is retained in modern usage of the term. In early medieval Britain, charters transferred land from donors to recipients.

The word entered the English language from the Old French charte, via Latin charta, and ultimately from Greek χάρτης (khartes, meaning "layer of papyrus"). It has come to be synonymous with a document that sets out a grant of rights or privileges.