hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Teatro Comunale Giuseppe Borgatti, Cento
44°43′34.66″N 11°17′23.55″E﻿ / ﻿44.7262944°N 11.2898750°E﻿ / 44.7262944; 11.2898750

The Teatro Comunale Giuseppe Borgatti (Communal Theatre of Giuseppe Borgatti) is a 19th-century theatre and music performance hall located on Via Campagnoli Bartolomeo in Cento, Province of Ferrara, Region of Emilia-Romagna, Italy. The theater is named after the prominent tenor from Cento, Giuseppe Borgatti (1871–1950).

The theatre was built between 1856 and 1861 using designs by Antonio Giordani and Fortunato Lodi. The colourful exterior has a Neo-Romanesque style with rounded arches. The interiors were frescoed during the 19th century. The building houses two museums, dedicated to Borgatti and the flutist Arrigo Tassinari. Structural damage from the 2012 Northern Italy earthquakes led to closure of the theatre, until restorations were completed.

Province of Ferrara
The province of Ferrara (Italian: provincia di Ferrara; Emilian: pruvîncia ad Fràra) is a province in the Italian region of Emilia-Romagna. Its capital is the city of Ferrara. As of May 2023, it has a population of 338,143 inhabitants over an area of 2,635.12 square kilometres (1,017.43 sq mi). The province contains 23 comuni (sg.: comune), listed in the list of comuni of the province of Ferrara. Its provincial president is Gianni Michele Padovani.
Encephalartos chimanimaniensis
The Chimanimani cycad (Encephalartos chimanimaniensis) is a species of cycad that is endemic to the Chimanimani Mountains of eastern Zimbabwe. It is a threatened species which has been locally extirpated by cycad collectors.

Chimanimani Mountains
The Chimanimani Mountains are a mountain range on the border of Zimbabwe and Mozambique. The mountains are in the southern portion of the Eastern Highlands, or Manica Highlands, a belt of highlands that extend north and south along the international border, between the Zambezi and Save rivers.

The Chimanimani Mountains include Monte Binga (2,436 m), the highest peak in Mozambique and the second-highest in Zimbabwe. The mountains are home to diverse forests, savannas, montane grasslands, and heathlands. Zimbabwe's Chimanimani National Park and Mozambique's adjacent Chimanimani National Reserve protect parts of the range. These two parks, together with a larger buffer zone, constitute the Chimanmani Transfrontier Conservation Area.
Kefeli, Tarsus
Kefeli is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Tarsus, Mersin Province, Turkey. Its population is 94 (2022). It is situated in the Çukurova plains. Its distance to Tarsus is 33 kilometres (21 mi) and to Mersin is 62 kilometres (39 mi). The village's main economic activity is farming. Cotton and various vegetables are produced.

Çukurova
Çukurova (Turkish pronunciation: [tʃuˈkuɾova]), or the Cilician Plain (Cilicia Pedias in antiquity), is a large fertile plain in the Cilicia region of southern Anatolia. The plain covers the easternmost areas of Mersin Province, southern and central Adana Province, western Osmaniye Province and northwestern Hatay Province.
Henning Tønsberg
Henning Heyerdahl Tønsberg jr. (1907–1987) was a Norwegian mountain climber, photographer, ski jumper and pharmacist.

As a ski jumper, he won the competition in Solbergbakken, Hannibalbakken and the Holmenkollen Ski Festival in 1927. He won Galdhøpiggrennet in 1934. In June 1936, he participated the expedition to recover three bodies from Lihesten after the Havørn Accident. On 22 August, Schlytter and three others in the expedition were awarded the Medal for Heroic Deeds. He was president of Norsk Tindeklub from 1948 to 1952. He became director of Løvens Kemiske Fabrikk from 1963.

Lihesten
Lihesten or Lifjellet is a 777-meter (2,549 ft) tall mountain ridge in Hyllestad Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The mountain lies on a small peninsula between the Hyllestadfjorden and the Sognefjorden and it is the highest point in the municipality. The highest point on the ridge is Risnesnipa and the ridge runs for over 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) along the northwestern shore of the Lifjorden. The village of Hyllestad lies about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) east of the mountain. It was the site of the Havørn Accident on 16 June 1936.
John Cheney (gentleman at arms)
John Cheney (died 19 March 1567) was an English soldier and politician during the Tudor period.

John Cheney was the son of John Cheney Senior of West Woodhay House in Berkshire, by his wife, Jane, the daughter, by his third wife, of Sir William Norreys of Ockwells and Yattendon. His father was a nephew of King Henry VII's friend and cousin, Baron Cheney. John was a gentleman at arms in the Royal household. He was also elected Member of Parliament for Dover (November 1554) and for Winchelsea (1558) through the influence of his father's cousin, Thomas Cheney, the Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports, and then for Berkshire from 1563 to 1567. With a group of others, he attacked and murdered a man named Robert Paris in a sword fight at Newbury, Berkshire in 1550 but was pardoned for it in 1552.

Yattendon
Yattendon is an estate village and civil parish 7 miles (11 km) northeast of Newbury in the county of Berkshire, England. The M4 motorway passes through the fields of the village which lie 0.5 miles (800 m) south and below the elevations of its cluster. The village is privately owned and is "part of the 9,000 acre estate owned by the Iliffes, former press barons", part of the Yattendon Group.
Richard Dotson
Richard Elliott Dotson (born January 10, 1959) is an American former right-handed pitcher in Major League Baseball in the 1980s. He is best noted for his 22-7 performance of 1983,  helping the Chicago White Sox win the American League West Division championship that season. Dotson finished fourth in the American League Cy Young Award voting, behind teammate LaMarr Hoyt. Arm injuries came to limit what was a promising baseball career.

In a 12-season career, Rich Dotson recorded a record of 111–113 with a 4.23 ERA in 305 games, 295 of them starts. He pitched 55 complete games and 11 shutouts in his career. Dotson gave up 872 earned runs and struck out 973 in 1857+1⁄3 innings pitched.

American League West
The American League West is one of Major League Baseball's six divisions. The division has five teams as of the 2013 season, but had four teams from 1994 to 2012, and had as many as seven teams before the 1994 realignment. Although its teams currently only reside along the West Coast and in Texas, historically the division has had teams as far east as Chicago and Minnesota. From 1998 (when the NL West expanded to five teams) to 2012, the AL West was the only MLB division with four teams.
Rotherley Down Settlement
Rotherley Down Settlement is an archaeological site of the late Iron Age and Romano-British period on Cranborne Chase, England. It is about 1.5 miles (2.4 km) south of Berwick St John, and 1 mile (1.6 km) north of Tollard Royal, in Wiltshire, near the boundary with Dorset. It is a scheduled monument.

Cranborne Chase
Cranborne Chase (grid reference ST970180) is an area of central southern England, straddling the counties Dorset, Hampshire and Wiltshire. It is part of the Cranborne Chase and West Wiltshire Downs Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB).

The area is dominated by, and often considered to be synonymous with, a chalk downland plateau. Part of the English Chalk Formation, it is adjacent to Salisbury Plain and the West Wiltshire Downs in the north, and the Dorset Downs to the south west. The highest point is Win Green Down, in Wiltshire, at 910 feet (280 m).

Historically a medieval hunting forest, the area is also noted for its Neolithic and Bronze age archaeology and its rural agricultural character.
Grad–Shafranov equation
The Grad–Shafranov equation (Vitalii Dmitrievich Shafranov (1957); H. Grad and H. Rubin (1958)) is the equilibrium equation in ideal magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) for a two dimensional plasma, for example the axisymmetric toroidal plasma in a tokamak. This equation takes the same form as the Hicks equation from fluid dynamics. This equation is a two-dimensional, nonlinear, elliptic partial differential equation obtained from the reduction of the ideal MHD equations to two dimensions, often for the case of toroidal axisymmetry (the case relevant in a tokamak). Taking  as the cylindrical coordinates, the flux function  is governed by the equation,

where  is the magnetic permeability,  is the pressure,  and the magnetic field and current are, respectively, given by

The nature of the equilibrium, whether it be a tokamak, reversed field pinch, etc. is largely determined by the choices of the two functions  and  as well as the boundary conditions.

Pressure
Pressure (symbol: p or P) is the force applied perpendicular to the surface of an object per unit area over which that force is distributed.: 445  Gauge pressure (also spelled gage pressure) is the pressure relative to the ambient pressure.

Various units are used to express pressure. Some of these derive from a unit of force divided by a unit of area; the SI unit of pressure, the pascal (Pa), for example, is one newton per square metre (N/m2); similarly, the pound-force per square inch (psi, symbol lbf/in2) is the traditional unit of pressure in the imperial and US customary systems. Pressure may also be expressed in terms of standard atmospheric pressure; the unit atmosphere (atm) is equal to this pressure, and the torr is defined as 1⁄760 of this. Manometric units such as the centimetre of water, millimetre of mercury, and inch of mercury are used to express pressures in terms of the height of column of a particular fluid in a manometer.
General Roman Calendar of Pope Pius XII
Pope Pius XII made the decree Cum nostra hac aetate 23 March 1955, enacting several changes to the General Roman Calendar, which had been most recently updated in 1954. That version remained in force until 1960, when Pope John XXIII decreed a new revision, called the General Roman Calendar of 1960.

The General Calendar of Pope Pius XII is not authorized for liturgical use by traditional groups in communion with the Holy See. Most sedevacantists prefer to use the General Roman Calendar of 1954, as well as Old Roman Catholics, as their members consider it to be the last calendar before by the revisions that began in 1955. However, a few sedevacantists do observe the revisions beginning in 1955, while excluding those of the John XXIII, such as the Congregation of Mary Immaculate Queen.

Philip the Apostle
Philip the Apostle (Greek: Φίλιππος; Aramaic: ܦܝܠܝܦܘܣ; Coptic: ⲫⲓⲗⲓⲡⲡⲟⲥ, Philippos) was one of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus according to the New Testament. Later Christian traditions describe Philip as the apostle who preached in Carthage, Greece, Syria, and Asia-Minor.

In the Roman Rite, the feast day of Philip, along with that of James the Less, is traditionally observed on 1 May, the anniversary of the dedication of the church dedicated to them in Rome (now called the Church of the Twelve Apostles). In the short-lived calendar reform of 1960, it was transferred to 11 May, but since 1969 it has been assigned to 3 May. The Eastern Orthodox Church celebrates Philip's feast day on 14 November.
John Klem
John Robert Klem (born 12 February 1943) was an Australian international rugby union player.

Born in Sydney, Klem was of South African descent through his father David, a native of Vereeniging. He attended Balgowlah High School and Hawkesbury Agricultural College.

Klem, a pocked sized scrum–half, was a surprise selection by the Wallabies, having been restricted to Sydney's second division in matches with his college XV. He gained his call up in 1963, to be a reserve five-eighth on their tour of South Africa, behind Phil Hawthorne. After debuting in a fixture against North Eastern Districts, Klem scored a try in his next match, partnering with Ken Catchpole for a win over Rhodesia. The selectors stuck with Hawthorne through the Test series and he finished the tour with nine uncapped appearances.

Vereeniging
Vereeniging (locally /fəˈrɪərnəxəŋ/ fə-REER-nə-khəng; Afrikaans pronunciation: [fəˈriənəχəŋ]) is a city located in the south of Gauteng province, South Africa, situated where the Klip River empties into the northern loop of the Vaal River. It is also one of the constituent parts of the Vaal Triangle region and was formerly situated in the Transvaal province. The name Vereeniging is the Dutch word meaning "association", although the spelling has since changed to vereniging, with a single e.
Center for Policy Studies in Ukraine
The Center for Policy Studies in Ukraine (Ukrainian: Центр дослідження політики в Україні) is a non-governmental think tank in Ukraine, headquartered in Lviv. The Center deals with international politics, civil society, NGOs, education, politics, regional policy and legislature; it also conducts conferences and seminars.

The Center for Policy Studies was established in 1994 and officially registered in 1997. One of its key objectives is to utilize the creative potential of the graduates and students of social sciences and humanities at Lviv University and other universities in Lviv and the region to promote democratic principles and civil society in Ukraine. 
The center works to assist the development of a network of teaching staff and innovative educational areas, and to implement activities aimed at developing professional, independent media to document the changing political environment of Ukraine.

University of Lviv
The Ivan Franko National University of Lviv (named after Ivan Franko, Ukrainian: Львівський національний університет імені Івана Франка, romanized: Lvivskyi natsionalnyi universytet imeni Ivana Franka) is a state-sponsored university in Lviv, Ukraine. Since 1940 the university is named after Ukrainian poet Ivan Franko.

The university is the oldest institution of higher learning in continuous operation in present-day Ukraine, dating from 1661 when John II Casimir, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, granted it its first royal charter. Over the centuries, it has undergone various transformations, suspensions, and name changes that have reflected the geopolitical complexities of this part of Europe. The present institution can be dated to 1940.
Kala Dhanda Goray Log
Kala Dhanda Goray Log (transl. Fair People, Black Deeds) is a 1986 Hindi-language action thriller film directed by Sanjay Khan, starring Sunil Dutt, Sanjay Khan, Anita Raj, Akbar Khan and Amrita Singh. The film's music was by Louis Banks and Laxmikant–Pyarelal, while the lyrics were by Anand Bakshi. The film was shot Chandivali Studio and Film City in Mumbai. This was one of Sanjay Khan's last films, before he shifted to television, acting and directing TV series like The Sword of Tipu Sultan (1990).

The Sword of Tipu Sultan
The Sword of Tipu Sultan is a fictional semi historical drama that was first broadcast on the DD National in  February 1990. Based on a novel by Bhagwan Gidwani, this drama is a fictional portrayal of the life and times of Tipu Sultan, the 18th century ruler of Mysore. 
While the series was widely praised for its casting and grandeur, it also attracted wide criticism for whitewashing the history and misrepresenting Tipu Sultan as a benevolent and tolerant ruler.
Il-Blata tal-Melħ
Il-Blata tal-Melħ is a landmark in the north-western region of the island of Malta, close to Rabat and Mġarr. The name Il-Blata tal-Melħ can be translated as the Salt Rock, named after a series of salt deposits in the limestone at this location.

Rabat, Malta
Rabat (Maltese: Ir-Rabat [ɪˈrːɐbɐt]) is a town in the Western Region of Malta, with a population of 11,497 as of March 2014. It adjoins the ancient capital city of Mdina, and a north-western part of Rabat was in the Roman city of Melite until its medieval retrenchment.

The Apostolic Nunciature of the Holy See to the Republic of Malta is seated in this village. The Local Council of Rabat is also the administrator of Baħrija. Parts of the films Munich and Black Eagle were shot in Rabat. In December 1999, Mtarfa was split from Rabat to form a separate Local Council by Act XXI, an amendment to the Local Council Act of 1993 (Act XV). In 2021, Rabat was transferred from the Northern Region to the newly-created Western Region as part of a reorganization of the regions of Malta.
North Branch Shamokin Creek
North Branch Shamokin Creek (also known as Beaver Creek) is a tributary of Shamokin Creek in Columbia County and Northumberland County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is approximately 4.8 miles (7.7 km) long and flows through Conyngham Township in Columbia County and Mount Carmel Township in Northumberland County. The watershed of the creek has an area of 5.73 square miles (14.8 km2). The entirety of the creek is designated as an impaired waterbody due to metals from abandoned mine drainage. It is acidic, but its pH has been increasing. Underground mine complexes occur within the watershed. The creek has a permeable streambed and experiences flow loss.

A colliery historically discharged waste water into North Branch Shamokin Creek. A number of bridges have been constructed over the creek. Its drainage basin is designated as a Coldwater Fishery and a Migratory Fishery. However, the creek is incapable of supporting aquatic life, including fish and macroinvertebrates.

Conyngham Township, Columbia County, Pennsylvania
Conyngham Township is a township in Columbia County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is part of Northeastern Pennsylvania. The population was 689 at the 2020 census. Conyngham Township surrounds the famous borough of Centralia, and part of the mine fire is located here. The abandoned town of Byrnesville is located here.
Mighty Sound of the South
The Mighty Sound of the South is the official marching band of the University of Memphis. The band plays at Memphis Tigers football games as a marching band and at Tigers basketball games as a pep band. There are 185 members as of the 2024 season.

Pep band
A pep band is an ensemble of instrumentalists who play at events, usually at basketball or football games, with the purpose of entertaining and creating enthusiasm in a crowd.  Often members of a pep band are a subset of people from a larger ensemble such as a marching band or a concert band.  Pep bands are generally associated with performing at pep rallies and sporting events (usually football, basketball or hockey).  With a few exceptions, pep bands are exclusive to the collegiate and high school levels.  The typical instrumentation of a pep band is the same as most marching bands, using mainly woodwind, brass, and percussion instruments.  Pep bands typically don't use primarily orchestral instruments (double reeds, strings, etc.), but this is not a hard set limitation.
Music history of the United States (1900–1940)
Music in the United States underwent many developments from 1900 to 1940, as new genres developed. The country survived both World War I and the Great Depression before entering World War II in December 1941.  Americans endured great loss and hardship but found hope and encouragement in music. The genres and styles present during this period were Native American music, Blues and gospel, jazz, swing, Cajun and Creole music, and country.  The United States also took inspiration from other cultures and parts of the world for her own music. The music of each region differed as much as the people did.  The time also produced many notable singers and musicians, including jazz figure Louis Armstrong, blues and jazz singer Mamie Smith, and country singer Jimmie Rodgers.

Indigenous music of North America
Indigenous music of North America, which includes American Indian music or Native American music, is the 
music that is used, created or performed by Indigenous peoples of North America, including Native Americans in the United States and Aboriginal peoples in Canada, Indigenous peoples of Mexico, and other North American countries—especially traditional tribal music, such as Pueblo music and Inuit music. In addition to the traditional music of the Native American groups, there now exist pan-Indianism and intertribal genres as well as distinct Native American subgenres of popular music including: rock, blues, hip hop, classical, film music, and reggae, as well as unique popular styles like chicken scratch and New Mexico music.
Echo-class survey ship (1957)
The Echo class was a class of inshore survey vessels built for the British Royal Navy in 1958–1959. The class was designed to operate in close waters such as harbour approaches, shipping lanes, rivers and estuaries. Together, the ships of this class formed the Royal Navy's Inshore Survey Squadron.

Sea lane
A sea lane, sea road or shipping lane is a regularly used navigable route for large water vessels (ships) on wide waterways such as oceans and large lakes, and is preferably safe, direct and economic. During the Age of Sail, they were determined by the distribution of land masses but also by the prevailing winds, whose discovery was crucial for the success of long maritime voyages.  Sea lanes are very important for seaborne trade.
Football in Singapore
Association football, known more popularly as football, is considered the national sport of Singapore. Approximately 49% of the people in Singapore are interested in football. Association football is the most popular sport in Singapore.

The country is home to the Football Association of Singapore (FAS), the oldest football association in Asia with its roots coming from The Football Association. Despite the country having a relatively small population pool, it has produced squads that has fiercely competed with more populated countries in both club and international football.

The sport reached one of its highest peaks during the 1980s and 1990s with the Singapore Lions' participation in the Malaysia Cup, whereby they dominated the competition. The Singapore Lions left the Malaysia Cup in 1994, before rejoining the competition in 2012 as the LionsXII, winning a league title in 2013 and an FA Cup in 2015 in the process.

Malaysia Cup
The Malaysia Cup (Malay: Piala Malaysia), formerly known as Malaya Cup, is an annual football tournament in Malaysia, held at the end of the calendar year. The cup was first held in 1921. Despite its prestige and popularity as the country's oldest cup tournament, it does not guarantee a place in a continental competition, which is allocated to the Malaysia FA Cup winners. The competition was previously managed by the Football Association of Malaysia, before it was transferred to the Football Malaysia LLP (now known as the Malaysian Football League) in the 2016 season.

In the 2016 edition, the competition structure changed and only the top eleven teams of the Malaysia Super League and the top five teams of the Malaysia Premier League qualified for the cup.

The current title holder is Johor Darul Ta'zim, who won its fifth title in the 2024–25 edition.