hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Artificial urinary sphincter
An artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) is an implanted device to treat moderate to severe stress urinary incontinence, most commonly in men. The AUS is designed to supplement the function of the natural urinary sphincter that restricts urine flow out of the bladder.

Bladder
The bladder (from Old English  blædre 'bladder, blister, pimple') is a hollow organ in humans and other vertebrates that stores urine from the kidneys. In placental mammals, urine enters the bladder via the ureters and exits via the urethra during urination. In humans, the bladder is a distensible organ that sits on the pelvic floor. The typical adult human bladder will hold between 300 and 500 ml (10 and 17 fl oz) before the urge to empty occurs, but can hold considerably more.

The Latin phrase for "urinary bladder" is vesica urinaria, and the term vesical or prefix vesico- appear in connection with associated structures such as vesical veins. The modern Latin word for "bladder" – cystis – appears in associated terms such as cystitis (inflammation of the bladder).
HTSQL
Hyper Text Structured Query Language (HTSQL) is a schema-driven URI-to-SQL query language that takes a request over HTTP, converts it to a SQL query, executes the query against a database, and returns the results in a format best suited for the user agent (CSV, HTML, etc.) The HTSQL language is implemented on "HTSQL servers," which use HTSQL to convert web requests into equivalent SQL, executes requests on a server-side database, and returns results in XML, HTML, CSV, JSON, or YAML formats. The current implementation as of April 2010 uses Python and works with PostgreSQL, MySQL, SQLite, Oracle, and Microsoft SQL Server databases.

HTSQL was prototyped and developed by Clark Evans (who proposed YAML in 2001) and implemented by Kirill Simonov, both of Prometheus Research.

JSON
JSON (JavaScript Object Notation, pronounced /ˈdʒeɪsən/ or /ˈdʒeɪˌsɒn/) is an open standard file format and data interchange format that uses human-readable text to store and transmit data objects consisting of name–value pairs and arrays (or other serializable values). It is a commonly used data format with diverse  uses in electronic data interchange, including that of web applications with servers.

JSON is a programming language-independent data format. It was derived from JavaScript, but many modern programming languages include code to generate and parse JSON-format data. JSON filenames use the extension .json.

Douglas Crockford originally specified the JSON format in the early 2000s. They and Chip Morningstar sent the first JSON message in April 2001.
Dangsan Railway Bridge
The Dangsan Railway Bridge (Korean: 당산철교) is a railway bridge that crosses the Han River in Seoul. It is used exclusively by Seoul Subway Line 2. Immediately on the south side of the bridge is Dangsan Station in Yeongdeungpo District, which is on an elevated platform. Hapjeong Station, a subterranean station in Mapo District, is located approximately 600 meters north of where the bridge makes landfall.

Following the Seongsu Bridge disaster, every bridge in Seoul was re-examined for safety and it was decided that Dangsan Bridge should be taken down and rebuilt. Amid considerable controversy, this bridge was closed for reconstruction on December 31, 1996. The reconstruction finished on November 22, 1999.

Hapjeong station
Hapjeong Station (Korean: 합정역; Korean pronunciation: [hapt͈ɕʌŋ]) is a subterranean station of Seoul Subway Line 2 and Seoul Subway Line 6. The station is located just north of the Han River in Mapo District. The name of the subway station comes from its local name. The name of the area means clam well.

The station is the southern end of Hongdae area, which is the centre of urban arts and indie music culture of Seoul. It is closest to the historical site of Jeoldu-san, a place where over 10,000 Koreans of the Roman Catholic faith were beheaded in 1866 under the orders of Daewon-gun. Yanghwajin Foreigners' Cemetery and the Holt International Children's Services are also located near the station. The northern end of Yanghwa Bridge is near the gates of the station.
Gold Strike Hot Springs
Gold Strike Hot Springs, also known as Goldstrike Hot Springs, Nevada Hot Springs and Gold Strike Canyon Hot Springs are a group of hot springs near Hoover Dam on the Arizona/Nevada border near historic Boulder City. They are in the Lake Mead National Recreation Area.

Boulder City, Nevada
Boulder City is a city in Clark County, Nevada, United States. It is approximately 26 miles (42 km) southeast of Las Vegas. As of the 2020 census, the population of Boulder City was 14,885. The city took its name from Boulder Canyon. Boulder City is one of only two places in Nevada that prohibits gambling, the other being the town of Panaca.
Amboronabo
Amboronabo is a town and commune (Malagasy: kaominina) in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Sakaraha, which is a part of Atsimo-Andrefana Region. The population of the commune was estimated to be approximately 9,000 in 2001 commune census.

Only primary schooling is available. The majority 50% of the population of the commune are farmers, while an additional 49% receives their livelihood from raising livestock. The most important crop is bananas, while other important products are cassava and onions.  Services provide employment for 1% of the population.

Atsimo-Andrefana
Atsimo-Andrefana (South West) is a region of Madagascar. It borders Menabe in north, Amoron'i Mania and Haute Matsiatra in northeast, Ihorombe and Anosy in east and Androy in southeast. The capital is Toliara and the population was 1,799,088 in 2018. Atsimo Andrefana is geographically the largest of all Malagasy regions with an area of 66,236 km2 (25,574 sq mi).
Silver Bullet Express
The Silver Bullet Express, also known as the Sunday River Ski Train, was a privately owned and operated ski train that ran from Portland, Maine, to Sunday River Ski Resort near Bethel, Maine. The ski train was owned by Sunday River and sponsored by Coors Light. The train left Portland at 6:45 am, arriving in Bethel at 8:45 am, at which point passengers transferred to buses which would take them to the mountain. The return trip would depart Bethel at 5:15 pm. Amenities included a dining car, parlor car, and a retrofitted boxcar for carrying skis and snowboards. It operated from 1993 until 1996.

Boxcar
A boxcar is the North American (AAR) and South Australian Railways term for a railroad car that is enclosed and generally used to carry freight. The boxcar, while not the simplest freight car design, is considered one of the most versatile since it can carry most loads. Boxcars have side sliding doors of varying size and operation, and some include end doors and adjustable bulkheads to load very large items.

Similar covered freight cars outside North America are covered goods wagons and, depending on the region, are called goods van (UK and Australia), covered wagon (UIC and UK) or simply van (UIC, UK and Australia).
Đorđe Kačunković
Đorđe Kačunković (Serbian Cyrillic: Ђорђе Качунковић; 7 April 1928 - 24 March 1994) was a Serbian footballer and later coach, nicknamed Bata Đole. He was born in Paraćin, Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, and has lived and worked in many cities across Yugoslavia, latter to settle in Pančevo, where he retired and is buried today.

Paraćin
Paraćin (Serbian Cyrillic: Параћин, pronounced [pâratɕin]) is a town and municipality located in the Pomoravlje District of central Serbia. Located in the Velika Morava river valley, north of Kruševac and southeast of Kragujevac, the town had a population of 22,349 in 2022. It also has a civilian airport.
UDAPB
União Desportiva Aeroporto, Picão e Belo Monte (Portuguese meaning the Picão e Belo Monte Airport Sporting Union, abbreviation and common form: UDAPB) is a football club that plays in Santo António in the island of Principe in São Tomé and Príncipe.  The team plays in the Principe Island League in its local division and plays at Estádio 13 de Julho in the island capital as every club on the island does.  It is located next to the island's only airport and is based in the village of Picão and the club area includes the Santo António subdivision of Aeroporto and Belo Monte, São Tomé and Príncipe in the northeast whose the club areas included, other areas includes the whole northeast of the island and Santa Rita.

Santo António
Santo António (Portuguese for Saint Anthony), also known as Santo António do Príncipe, is the main settlement of the island of Príncipe in São Tomé and Príncipe. It lies on the north east coast. It is the capital of the Autonomous Region of Príncipe. Its population is 2,620 (2012), about 35% of the island's population. The town is known for its colonial architecture and for its churches: Church of Our Lady of the Conception and Church of Our Lady of the Rosary. The town is also known for the Auto das Floripes play, which is performed by the citizens.
Blackjack Mountain (Carroll County, Georgia)
Blackjack Mountain is a scenic landmark, located in the very southwest corner of Carroll County, Georgia on the Georgia-Alabama border and Heard County line. The nearest city is Ephesus, Georgia, 2.2 miles (3.5 km) to the south.

While not an impressive mountain, at 1,545 ft (471 m) the summit is the highest point in Georgia south of Interstate 20. Blackjack Mountain is a long north–south trending ridge. The Native Americans used this promontory as a reference point on their east–west trading path and are believed to have used the summit for sacred ceremonies. The mountain was named for its blackjack oak timber.

Ridge
A ridge is a long, narrow, elevated geomorphologic landform, structural feature, or a combination of both separated from the surrounding terrain by steep sides. The sides of a ridge slope away from a narrow top, the crest or ridgecrest, with the terrain dropping down on either side. The crest, if narrow, is also called a ridgeline. Limitations on the dimensions of a ridge are lacking. Its height above the surrounding terrain can vary from less than a meter to hundreds of meters. A ridge can be either depositional, erosional, tectonic, or a combination of these in origin and can consist of either bedrock, loose sediment, lava, or ice depending on its origin. A ridge can occur as either an isolated, independent feature or part of a larger geomorphological and/or structural feature. Frequently, a ridge can be further subdivided into smaller geomorphic or structural elements.
Grammar TEC RC
Grammar TEC is a rugby club in Auckland, New Zealand resulting from an amalgamation of several rugby clubs . The clubs involved include Grafton and Cornwall, who united to form Carlton.  The creation of Carlton was followed by teams called Teachers and Eastern who formed Teachers Eastern.

Another team merger involving Carlton and Grammar Old Boys in 1996 produced the team known as Grammar Carlton. Finally, Grammar Carlton and Teachers Eastern came together and became Grammar TEC in 2013. Grammar TEC, a merger of five clubs, was successful in winning the Gallaher Shield in 2015.

Grafton, New Zealand
Grafton is a suburb of Auckland, New Zealand. The suburb is named for the Duke of Grafton, a patron of the first Governor of New Zealand, William Hobson, and the grandfather of a subsequent Governor, Robert FitzRoy. Once known as 'Grafton Heights', denoting its history as a well-off suburb in Auckland's earliest decades.
GE U17C
The GE U17C diesel–electric locomotive was introduced by GE Transportation as an export model road switcher locomotive in 1973.
Easy to spot due to its relatively short length — 52 ft 9 in (16.08 m) — it was powered by the 8-cylinder FDL-8T engine.
Very similar to the U18B, it included an extended body section to house a larger air filter and cooling units.

Original purchasers included Syria's CFS, and the Hedjaz Jordan Railway.

The GE U17C was also used on the Aqaba Railway Corporation for transporting phosphates from the Mines to Aqaba.

Cylinder (engine)
In an engine, the cylinder is the space in which a piston travels.

The inner surface of the cylinder is formed from either a thin metallic liner (also called "sleeve") or a surface coating applied to the engine block. A piston is seated inside each cylinder by several metal piston rings, which also provide seals for compression and the lubricating oil. The piston rings do not actually touch the cylinder walls, instead they ride on a thin layer of lubricating oil.
Dawn Bowles
Dawn Bowles-Fitch (born November 12, 1968) is a retired American track and field athlete who specialized in the 100 meters hurdles. She represented her country at three outdoor and one indoor World Championships. In addition she won the gold at the 1993 Summer Universiade. Later in life she worked as the head coach for Neptune High School's track and field team.

Her personal bests are 12.84 seconds in the 100 meters hurdles (+0.6 m/s, Stuttgart 1993) and 7.95 seconds in the 60 meters hurdles (Atlanta 1997).

60 metres hurdles
60 metres hurdles is a distance in hurdling which is generally run in indoor competitions. It is equivalent with the first 5 hurdles of a standard outdoor hurdle race. The current women's and men's world records are 7.65 seconds (Devynne Charlton) and 7.27 seconds (Grant Holloway), respectively.
Alexander Grossmann (journalist)
Alexander Grossman (born Grossmann, Sándor 3 March 1909 – 29 October 2003) was a Zionist activist and, during the German occupation, a Hungarian resistance hero.   After emigrating/immigrating in 1949 he spent a period as a member of the Kibbutz Ma'abarot.   In the early 1950s he emigrated/immigrated again, and became a Swiss journalist and author.

Government of National Unity (Hungary)
The Government of National Unity was a Nazi-backed puppet government within the German-occupied Kingdom of Hungary during World War II in Eastern Europe. After the joint coup d’état with which the Nazis and the Arrow Cross Party overthrew the government of the Regent of Hungary, Miklós Horthy (r. 1920–1944), the Arrow Cross Party established the coalition Government of National Unity (Nemzeti Összefogás Kormánya) on 16 October 1944.

As the national government, the Arrow Cross Party installed Ferenc Szálasi as the prime minister of the Government of National Unity and as the Leader of the Nation, the head of state of Hungary. As a wartime ally of Nazi Germany, Prime Minister Szálasi's government readily executed and realised the Holocaust in Hungary (1941–1945); thus, in seven months, the Arrow Cross regime killed between 10,000 and 15,000 Hungarian Jews in the country, and deported 80,000 Jewish women, children, and old people for killing at the Auschwitz concentration camp.
Ski and Snowboard Association of Thailand
The Ski and Snowboard Association of Thailand (SSAT; Thai: สมาคมกีฬาสกีและสโนว์บอร์ดแห่งประเทศไทย) is the country's national governing body of skiing, snowboarding, bobsleigh and skeleton. It was founded in 2016, and is a member of the International Ski and Snowboard Federation, the International Ski Mountaineering Federation, the International Bobsleigh and Skeleton Federation, the International Biathlon Union, and the International Luge Federation.

International Ski Mountaineering Federation
The International Ski Mountaineering Federation (ISMF) is the international governing body responsible for ski mountaineering competitions. Its main aims are promotion, regulation, and development of ski mountaineering worldwide. In 2026 the sport will be part of the programme of the Olympic Winter Games Milano Cortina 2026.
Case Vanderwolf
Cornelius Hendrik "Case" Vanderwolf (1935 – June 16, 2015) was a Canadian neuroscientist.

Raised in the rural community of Glenevis, Alberta, Vanderwolf went on to earn a BSc from the University of Alberta and completed graduate work with Donald Hebb at McGill University, completing his PhD in 1962 (Buzsaki and Bland 2015). Following completion of his PhD, Case spent a year at the California Institute of Technology with Roger Sperry (1962–1963) and another year with Konrad Akert, the Founder of the Brain Research Institute of the University of Zurich (1963–1964).

He published two books, An Odyssey Through the Brain, Behavior and Mind and The Evolving Brain: The Mind and the Neural Control of Behavior, that provide an overview of his academic career and research findings. In 2000, he was awarded an honorary degree from the University of Lethbridge.

He died unexpectedly in his home on June 16, 2015, in London, Ontario, at the age of 79.

Glenevis
Glenevis is a hamlet in central Alberta, Canada within Lac Ste. Anne County. It is located on Highway 43, approximately 71 kilometres (44 mi) northwest of Edmonton.

The community takes its name from Glennevis, in Nova Scotia.
Apuka
The Apuka are one of the nine subdivisions of the Koryaks.  In pre-Soviet Russia they were considered to be a distinct people.  They speak their own dialect of the Koryak language.  They live primarily along the coast of the Bering Sea.

Koryak language
Koryak (/ˈkɔːriæk/ KOR-ee-ak), also known as Nymylan, Chavchuven and Koræiki, is a Chukotko-Kamchatkan language spoken by 1,665 people as of 2010 in the easternmost extremity of Siberia, mainly in Koryak Okrug. It is mostly spoken by Koryaks. Its close relative, the Chukchi language, is spoken by about three times that number. The language together with Chukchi, Alyutor and Itelmen forms the Chukotko-Kamchatkan language family. Its native name in Koryak is нымылан nymylan, but variants of the Russian name "Koryak" are most commonly used in English and other languages. The Chukchis and Koryaks form a cultural unit with an economy based on reindeer herding and both have autonomy within Russia.
Alexey Morosov
Alexey Morosov (born 26 September 1974) is a contemporary artist, who lives and works in Italy. He studied under Lev Kerbel and Hugo Maniser and became known for installations, sculpture, and paintings that reinterpret Hellenistic art. A full member of the Russian Academy of Arts since 2013.

Lucca
Lucca (/ˈluːkə/ LOO-kə, Italian: [ˈlukka] ⓘ) is a city and comune in Tuscany, Central Italy, on the Serchio River, in a fertile plain.

The city has a population of about 89,000, while its province has a population of 383,957. Lucca is known as an Italian "Città d'arte" (City of Art) from its intact Renaissance-era city walls and its very well preserved historic center, where, among other buildings and monuments, are located the Piazza dell'Anfiteatro, which has its origins in the second half of the 1st century A.D., the Guinigi Tower, a 45-metre-tall (150 ft) tower that dates from the 14th century  and the Cathedral of San Martino.

The city is the birthplace of numerous world-class composers, including Giacomo Puccini, Alfredo Catalani, and Luigi Boccherini.
Saltersley Hall
Saltersley Hall is a country house about 2 miles (3.2 km) west of Wilmslow, Cheshire, England, in the civil parish of Mobberley.  The authors of the Buildings of England series describe it as a "lonely but high-status ... house on a sand island in the middle of Lindow Moss".  The house was built in the 17th century, with additions in the 19th and 20th centuries.  It is constructed in sandstone and whitewashed brick with a slate roof. Its medieval H-shape has been rationalised to form a flat front with three gables.  The windows are mullioned.  The house is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II listed building.

Mullion
A mullion is the vertical element that forms a division between units of a window or screen, or is used decoratively. When dividing adjacent window units its primary purpose is a rigid support to the glazing of the window. Its secondary purpose is to provide structural support to  the horizontal lintel above the window opening (Horizontal elements separating the head of a door from a window above are called transoms). In the case of multiple arched windows combined building a bifora (or trifora, etc), the equally shaped windows might be coupled by mullions (instead of a column with base and capital), framed by a blind arch or the mullions dissolving in Gothic tracery.
Kii-Kamiya Station
Kii-Kamiya Station (紀伊神谷駅, Kii-Kamiya-eki) is a passenger railway station in the town of  Kōya, Ito District, Wakayama Prefecture, Japan, operated by the private railway company Nankai Electric Railway.

Nankai Electric Railway
Nankai Electric Railway Co., Ltd. (南海電気鉄道株式会社, Nankai denki tetsudō kabushiki gaisha) is a private railway in Japan, founded in 1884. The name Nankai (which means "South Sea") comes from the company's routes along the Nankaidō, the old highway that ran south from the old capital, Kyoto, along the sea coast. Nankai predates all the electric railways in the Tokyo region.

The Nankai network branches out in a generally southern direction from Namba Station in Osaka. The Nankai Main Line connects Osaka to Wakayama, with an important spur branching to Kansai International Airport. The rapi:t α express connects Kansai International Airport to Namba in 34 minutes, while the rapi:t β takes 39 minutes with two additional stops. The Koya Line connects Osaka to Mt. Koya, headquarters of the Buddhist Shingon sect and a popular pilgrimage site. IC cards (PiTaPa and ICOCA) are accepted.
New Jersey State Auditor
The New Jersey State Auditor is a constitutional officer appointed by the New Jersey Legislature and administratively placed within the Office of Legislative Services. The Auditor conducts financial and performance audits of State agencies, certain school districts, and vicinages of the Judiciary. The State Auditor also conducts studies on the operation, economy and efficiency of State-run or State-supported programs.

Financial audit
A financial audit is conducted to provide an opinion whether "financial statements" (the information is verified to the extent of reasonable assurance granted) are stated in accordance with specified criteria. Normally, the criteria are international accounting standards, although auditors may conduct audits of financial statements prepared using the cash basis or some other basis of accounting appropriate for the organization. In providing an opinion whether financial statements are fairly stated in accordance with accounting standards, the auditor gathers evidence to determine whether the statements contain material errors or other misstatements.
California executive branch
The California executive branch consists of elected officers and other offices and officers. The elected executive officers are:

Gavin Newsom (D)  Governor

Eleni Kounalakis (D)  Lieutenant Governor

Shirley Weber (D)  Secretary of State

Fiona Ma (D)  State Treasurer

Malia Cohen (D)  State Controller

Tony Thurmond (D)  State Superintendent of Public Instruction

Ricardo Lara (D)  Insurance Commissioner

Rob Bonta (D)  Attorney General of California

Tony Thurmond
Tony Krajewski Thurmond (born August 21, 1968) is an American politician serving as the 28th California State Superintendent of Public Instruction since 2019. A member of the Democratic Party, he was a member of the California State Assembly from 2014 to 2018.