hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1836 North Carolina gubernatorial election
The 1836 North Carolina gubernatorial election was held on August 4, 1836, in order to elect the Governor of North Carolina in the first election decided by popular election instead of the North Carolina General Assembly. Whig nominee and former member of the U.S. House of Representatives from North Carolina's 5th district Edward Bishop Dudley defeated Democratic nominee and incumbent Governor Richard Dobbs Spaight Jr.

North Carolina's 5th congressional district
North Carolina's 5th congressional district covers the central western portion of North Carolina from the Appalachian Mountains to the northern suburbs of the Piedmont Triad as well as the bulk of the city of Greensboro. The district borders Tennessee and Virginia, with the bulk of its territory in the mountains; it stretches just far enough to the east to grab most of Greensboro.

The district is overwhelmingly Republican. Large portions were controlled by Republicans even during the "Solid South" era as much of northwestern North Carolina was Quaker or mountaineer and therefore resisted secession. Wilkes County has never voted for the Democratic Party before the Second Party System. For the 2024 election the district has been updated per Senate Bill 757 enacted by the NC General Assembly on October 25, 2023, becoming Session Law 2023–145. District boundaries are based on 2020 census tabulation blocks.

The fifth district is currently represented by Virginia Foxx, a Republican.
Étienne-Émile Desvaux
Étienne-Émile Desvaux (8 February 1830, in Vendôme – 13 May 1854, in Mondoubleau) was a French botanist.

He developed an interest in botany at an early age, actively collecting plants from the age of 10. In July 1850, he earned his Bachelor of Science degree in Paris. He died on May 13, 1854 (age 24) in the town of Mondoubleau.

He was the author of a monograph on Chilean grasses called "Gramineae Chilenses" (1853), a work that was included in Claude Gay's "Historia física y política de Chile". He described the genus Monandraira (synonym Deschampsia)  and was the binomial authority of numerous grass species.

Deschampsia
Deschampsia is a genus of plants in the grass family Poaceae, commonly known as hair grass or tussock grass. The genus is widespread across many countries.

The genus is named for French physician and naturalist Louis Auguste Deschamps (1765–1842).

Deschampsia species are used as food plants by the larvae of some species of Lepidoptera, including antler moth, the clay, clouded-bordered brindle, common wainscot, dark arches, dusky brocade, shoulder-striped wainscot, smoky wainscot and wall.

Deschampsia sometimes grow in boggy acidic formations, an example of which is the Portlethen Moss, Scotland. 
Deschampsia antarctica is the world's most southern monocot, and one of only two flowering plants of Antarctica.

Some species, such as D. cespitosa, are grown as ornamental garden plants.
Hideous Kinky (film)
Hideous Kinky is a 1998 drama film directed by Scottish director Gillies MacKinnon. Based on Esther Freud's semi-autobiographical 1992 novel of the same name, it follows a young English mother who moves from London to Morocco with her two young daughters in the early 1970s. The film stars Kate Winslet and French-Moroccan actor Saïd Taghmaoui. The soundtrack mixes original music with songs from the 1960s, including tracks from Canned Heat, Richie Havens, and The Incredible String Band.

The Incredible String Band
The Incredible String Band (sometimes abbreviated as ISB) were a Scottish folk rock band formed by Clive Palmer, Robin Williamson, and Mike Heron in Edinburgh in 1966. Following Palmer's early departure, Williamson and Heron continued as a duo and were eventually augmented by other musicians such as Licorice McKechnie, Rose Simpson, and Malcolm Le Maistre.  The band split up in 1974.  They reformed in 1999 and continued to perform with changing lineups until 2006.

The band built a considerable following in the British 1960s counterculture, notably with their albums The 5000 Spirits or the Layers of the Onion (1967), The Hangman's Beautiful Daughter (1968), and Wee Tam and the Big Huge (1968).  They became pioneers in psychedelic folk and, through integrating a wide variety of traditional music forms and instruments, in the development of world music.
Hooked on a Feeling (David Hasselhoff album)
Hooked on a Feeling is the ninth studio album by American actor and singer David Hasselhoff, released on November 11, 1997, by Polydor Records. On the album, Hasselhoff collaborated again with Mark Holden, who worked with him since 1993, as well as new writers and producers, including Wade Hubbard, Gary St. Clair and John Ballard. On the album, Hasselhoff also collaborated in the songwriting on several tracks, and featured collaborations with Regine Velasquez, Marilyn Martin and Gwen. The album became Hasselhoff's lowest-selling album to that point in his career, failing to chart in Germany, and reaching the top fifty in Austria and Switzerland.

John Ballard (music producer)
John Ballard (born 14 April 1951) is a Scottish singer-songwriter and record producer, based in Gothenburg, Sweden, where he has a recording studio (Tuff Studios). At Tuff Studios he has produced amongst others, Ace of Base (their first three albums), as well as co-writing some of their songs.
Tuaminoheptane
Tuaminoheptane (INNTooltip International Nonproprietary Name, BANTooltip British Approved Name; brand names Heptin, Heptadrine, Tuamine; also known as tuamine and 2-aminoheptane) is a sympathomimetic agent and vasoconstrictor which is used as a nasal decongestant.  It has also been used as a stimulant.

Tuaminoheptane has been found to act as a reuptake inhibitor and releasing agent of norepinephrine, which may underlie its decongestant and stimulant effects. It is an alkylamine. The chemical structure of the drug differs from that of other norepinephrine releasing agents, such as the phenethylamines, which, in contrast to tuaminoheptane, have an aromatic ring in their structure.

Tuaminoheptane is on the 2011 list of prohibited substances published by the World Anti-Doping Agency.

World Anti-Doping Agency
The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA; French: Agence mondiale antidopage, AMA) is an international organization co-founded by the governments of over 140 nations along with the International Olympic Committee based in Canada to promote, coordinate, and monitor the fight against drugs in sports. The agency's key activities include scientific research, education, development of anti-doping capacities, and monitoring of the World Anti-Doping Code, whose provisions are enforced by the UNESCO International Convention Against Doping in Sport. The aims of the Council of Europe Anti-Doping Convention and the United States Anti-Doping Agency are also closely aligned with those of WADA.

WADA is responsible for the World Anti-Doping Code, adopted by more than 650 sports organisations, including international sports federations, national anti-doping organisations, the IOC, and the International Paralympic Committee.
Emdrup railway station
Emdrup station is an S-train railway station serving the neighbourhood of Emdrup in the northwestern part of Copenhagen, Denmark. Local landmarks include Aarhus University's Copenhagen campus and Emdrup Lake. The station is located on the Farum radial of Copenhagen S-train network.

Hareskovbanen
Hareskovbanen (English: the Hareskov line) is one of six radial S-train lines in Copenhagen. It connects the city center to a number of northwestern suburbs and the cities of Værløse and Farum, with the terminus placed in the latter.
1997 Croke Cup
The 1997 Croke Cup was the 46th staging of the Croke Cup since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1944. The competition ran from 13 April to 27 April 1997.

St Kieran's College were the defending champions, however, they were beaten by Good Counsel College in the Leinster final.

The final was played on 27 April 1997 at Croke Park in Dublin, between St Colman's College and Good Counsel College, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. St Colman's College won the match by 4–20 to 0–09 to claim their second Croke Cup title overall and a first title in 20 years.

Neil Ronan was the top scorer with 3-18.

1977 Croke Cup
The 1977 Croke Cup was the 26th staging of the Croke Cup since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1944. The competition ran from 3 April to 1 May 1977.

St Flannan's College were the defending champions, however, they were beaten by St Colman's College in the Harty Cup final.

The final was played on 1 May 1977 at Semple Stadium in Thurles, between St Colman's College and St Kieran's College, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. St Colman's College won the match by 2–13 to 1–09 to claim their first ever Croke Cup title.

John Mangan was the top scorer with 2-02.
Krasnoborsk
Krasnoborsk (Russian: Краснобо́рск) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Krasnoborsk, Arkhangelsk Oblast, a selo in Krasnoborsky District of Arkhangelsk Oblast

Krasnoborsk, Ulyanovsk Oblast, a selo in Krasnoborsky Rural Okrug of Terengulsky District of Ulyanovsk Oblast

Ulyanovsk Oblast
Ulyanovsk Oblast (Russian: Ульяновская область, romanized: Ulyanovskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). It is located in the Volga Federal District. Its administrative center is the city of Ulyanovsk. It has a population of 1,292,799 (2010 Census).

The area of Ulyanovsk Oblast corresponds to the former Simbirsk Governorate which formerly existed as an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Russian Empire, replacing the Simbirsk Viceroyalty from 1796 and later, Bolshevik Russia. The governorate was renamed to Ulyanovsk Governorate, in honor of Vladimir Lenin (born Ulyanov), for whom he was born in Simbirsk after his death in 1924. In 1928, Ulyanovsk became an okrug and the present day Ulyanovsk Oblast was formed in 1943 merging some parts of Kuybyshev and Penza Oblasts.
Bahçederesi
Bahçederesi is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Silifke, Mersin Province, Turkey. Its population is 169 (2022). It is situated in the southern slopes of the Taurus Mountains. The distance to Silifke is 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) and to Mersin is 97 kilometres (60 mi).

Mersin Province
Mersin Province (Turkish: Mersin ili), formerly İçel Province (İçel ili), is a province and metropolitan municipality in southern Turkey, on the Mediterranean coast between Antalya and Adana. Its area is 16,010 km2, and its population is 1,916,432 (2022). The provincial capital and the biggest city in the province is Mersin, which is composed of four municipalities and district governorates: Akdeniz, Mezitli, Toroslar and Yenişehir. Next largest is Tarsus, the birthplace of Paul the Apostle. The province is considered to be a part of the geographical, economical and cultural region of Çukurova, which covers the provinces of Mersin, Adana, Osmaniye and Hatay.
Cyberbully (2015 film)
Cyberbully is a 2015 British docudrama television film that premiered on Channel 4 on 15 January 2015. The film stars Maisie Williams as Casey Jacobs, a typical teenage girl who lives her life out online, and is called out for her cyberbullying by an anonymous culprit. The film was directed by Ben Chanan, who co-wrote the screenplay with David Lobatto.

Cyberbully was released on DVD on 8 February 2016.

Cyberbullying
Cyberbullying (cyberharassment or online bullying/harassment) is a form of bullying or harassment using electronic means. Since the 2000s, it has become increasingly common, especially among teenagers and adolescents, due to young people's increased use of social media. Related issues include online/internet harassment and trolling. In 2015, according to cyberbullying statistics from the i-Safe Foundation, over half of adolescents and teens had been bullied online, and about the same number had engaged in cyberbullying. Both the bully and the victim are negatively affected, and the intensity, duration, and frequency of bullying are three aspects that increase the negative effects on both of them.
Isamu Yoshii
Count  Isamu Yoshii  (吉井 勇, Yoshii Isamu; October 8, 1886 − November 9, 1960) was a Japanese tanka poet and playwright active in Taishō and Shōwa period Japan. Attracted to European romanticism in his youth, his later works were more subdued.

Waka (poetry)
Waka (和歌; 'Japanese poem') is a type of poetry in classical Japanese literature. Although waka in modern Japanese is written as 和歌, in the past it was also written as 倭歌 (see Wa, an old name for Japan), and a variant name is yamato-uta (大和歌).
Devata (1941 film)
Devata is a 1941 Indian Telugu-language drama film directed by B. N. Reddy. The huge success of this film led to the making of more films with the same title in 1964 by B. Padmanabham and in 1982 by D. Ramanaidu. The film was remade in Malayalam as Pavappettaval (1967).

Suryakumari
Tanguturi Suryakumari (13 November 1925 – 25 April 2005), also known by her married name Suryakumari Elvin, was an Indian singer, actress and dancer in Telugu cinema. She sang "Maa Telugu Thalliki", the official song of the State of Andhra Pradesh. She was the winner of Miss Madras 1952 pageant and runner-up of the Miss India 1952 pageant. She was the niece of activist and politician Tanguturi Prakasam Pantulu, who served as the first chief minister of Andhra state and previously as the chief minister of Madras.

As an actress, she has won the Outer Critics Circle Award for best actress, for playing Queen Sudarshana, in Rabindranath Tagore’s Off-Broadway play The King of the Dark Chamber in 1961.
Enantioselective synthesis
Enantioselective synthesis, also called asymmetric synthesis, is a form of chemical synthesis. It is defined by IUPAC as "a chemical reaction (or reaction sequence) in which one or more new elements of chirality are formed in a substrate molecule and which produces the stereoisomeric (enantiomeric or diastereomeric) products in unequal amounts."

Put more simply: it is the synthesis of a compound by a method that favors the formation of a specific enantiomer or diastereomer. Enantiomers are stereoisomers that have opposite configurations at every chiral center. Diastereomers are stereoisomers that differ at one or more chiral centers.

Enantioselective synthesis is a key process in modern chemistry and is particularly important in the field of pharmaceuticals, as the different enantiomers or diastereomers of a molecule often have different biological activity.

Activation energy
In the Arrhenius model of reaction rates, activation energy is the minimum amount of energy that must be available to reactants for a chemical reaction to occur. The activation energy (Ea) of a reaction is measured in kilojoules per mole (kJ/mol) or kilocalories per mole (kcal/mol). Simplified:

Activation energy is the minimum energy barrier that reactant molecules must overcome to transform into products. A reaction occurs only if enough molecules have kinetic energy equal to or greater than this barrier, which usually requires sufficiently high temperature. The term "activation energy" was introduced in 1889 by the Swedish scientist Svante Arrhenius.
Volleyball at the 2003 Pan American Games
This page presents the results of the Men's and Women's Volleyball Tournament during the 2003 Pan American Games, which was held from August 3 to August 15, 2003, in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. There were four medal events, two (indoor and beach) for both men and women.

2003 Pan American Games
The 2003 Pan American Games, officially the XIV Pan American Games (Spanish: XIV Juegos Panamericanos) and commonly known as Santo Domingo 2003, were held in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, from August 1 to 17, 2003.  The successful bid for the Games was made in the mid-1990s, when Dominican Republic had one of the highest growth rates in Latin America.

All 42 PASO countries and over 5,223 athletes pre-registered for participation in the XIV Pan American Games. An additional 2,425 trainers and delegates attended. The United States pre-registered the most athletes (713) and Saint Lucia entered the least (6).  The host country entered 562 athletes.
John FitzGerald, 4th Earl of Desmond
John FitzGerald, 4th Earl of Desmond (died 1399) was the son of Gerald FitzGerald, 3rd Earl of Desmond.  He married and had one son, Thomas, who succeeded him as Earl of Desmond.

According to Burke, John FitzGerald married Joan Roche, the daughter of Lord Fermoy. On 4 March 1399, FitzGerald drowned at Ardfinnan on the River Suir, returning from an incursion into the territory of the Earl of Ormond..

He was buried at Youghal, and succeeded by his son Thomas FitzJohn FitzGerald, 5th Earl of Desmond.

Ardfinnan
Ardfinnan (Irish: Ard Fhíonáin, meaning 'High place of Finnian') is a village in County Tipperary in Ireland. It is situated on the River Suir and R665 regional road. The Catholic parish of Ardfinnan is made up of three areas: Ardfinnan, Ballybacon, and Grange. Ardfinnan is also a civil parish in the ancient barony of Iffa and Offa West. The village is located 14 km (9 mi) from the town of Clonmel and 10 km (6 mi) from Cahir via the R670 road. As of 2022, the village had a population of 978 people.
Mercury Marshes
Mercury Marshes is a  6.4-hectare (16-acre) Local Nature Reserve in Hamble-le-Rice in Hampshire. It is owned by Hampshire County Council and managed by Hampshire Countryside Service. It is part of Solent and Southampton Water Ramsar site and  Special Protection Area, of Solent Maritime Special Area of Conservation, and of Lee-on-The Solent to Itchen Estuary, which is a Site of Special Scientific Interest.

This site on the west bank of the River Hamble has intertidal mud, reedbeds, islands, saltmarsh, creeks and woodland. The saltmarsh and islands are dominated by sea purslane, cordgrass, sea aster and glasswort. The reserve is important for invertebrates and waders.

Special Protection Area
A special protection area (SPA) is a designation under the European Union Directive on the Conservation of Wild Birds. Under the Directive, Member States of the European Union (EU) have a duty to safeguard the habitats of migratory birds and certain particularly threatened birds. Together with special areas of conservation (SACs), the SPAs form a network of protected sites across the EU, called Natura 2000. Each SPA has an EU code – for example the North Norfolk Coast SPA has the code UK9009031.
Maczków
Maczków [ˈmat͡ʂkuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Cybinka, within Słubice County, Lubusz Voivodeship, in western Poland, close to the German border. It is located within the historic Lubusz Land.

Słubice County
Słubice County (Polish: powiat słubicki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lubusz Voivodeship, western Poland, on the German border. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Słubice, which lies 63 km (39 mi) south-west of Gorzów Wielkopolski and 79 km (49 mi) north-west of Zielona Góra. The county contains three other towns: Rzepin, lying 19 km (12 mi) east of Słubice, Ośno Lubuskie, lying 25 km (16 mi) north-east of Słubice, and Cybinka, 24 km (15 mi) south-east of Słubice.

The county covers an area of 999.77 square kilometres (386.0 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 47,018. The most populated towns are Słubice with 16,705 inhabitants and Rzepin with 6,529 inhabitants.
Waimakariri District
Waimakariri District is a local government district, located in the Canterbury Region of New Zealand's South Island. It is named after the Waimakariri River, which forms the district's southern boundary, separating it from Christchurch City and the Selwyn District. It is bounded in the north by the Hurunui District and in the east by the Pacific Ocean.

The district was established on 1 April 1989 following the merger of Rangiora District and Eyre County. The district covers 2,217.12 square kilometres (856.03 sq mi), and is home to 69,800 people. Rangiora is the district seat and largest town, with other major towns including Kaiapoi, Oxford, Pegasus and Woodend.

The current district mayor is Dan Gordon, who was elected in the 2019 local body elections.

Hurunui District
Hurunui District is a territorial local government district within the Canterbury Region on the east coast of New Zealand's South Island, north of Christchurch. It stretches from the east coast to the Main Divide. Its land area is 8,640.96 square kilometres (3,336.29 sq mi).
Broadstreet, Backside and Rydes Commons
Broadstreet, Backside and Rydes Commons is a  158-hectare (390-acre) nature reserve in Wood Street Village in Surrey. It is owned by Surrey County Council and managed by the Surrey Wildlife Trust.

These commons provide access to nature for people in the local area. The site has poor acidic grassland, oak and semi-mature birch woodland and ponds.

Surrey County Council
Surrey County Council is the county council for the non-metropolitan county of Surrey, England. The council is currently run by a Conservative Party minority administration. The council is based in Woodhatch Place, Reigate, and consists of 81 councillors.
Baltimore Broncos
The Baltimore Broncos were a minor league American football team based in Baltimore, Maryland. They played just one season in the Atlantic Coast Football League (ACFL) in 1963 and played their home games at Westport Stadium. The Broncos were coached by head coach Joe Bartlinski, assistant coach Jesse Thomas, defensive coach Doug Eggers, and offensive backfield coach Lloyd Colteryahn.

The franchise relocated several times after its stint in Baltimore in 1963. In late 1963, the Broncos were relocated to Hazleton, Pennsylvania to become the Hazelton Mustangs. In late 1964, the franchise was relocated to Scranton, Pennsylvania to become the Scranton Pros. In 1965, the team became the Scranton Miners until folding in 1966.

Hazleton, Pennsylvania
Hazleton is a city in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 29,963 at the 2020 census. Hazleton is the second-most populous city in Luzerne County. It was incorporated as a borough on January 5, 1857, and as a city on December 4, 1891.

Hazleton is located in Northeastern Pennsylvania, 35 miles (56 km) northwest of Allentown, 82 miles (132 km) north-northwest of Philadelphia and 106 miles (171 km) west of New York City.
TriQuarterly
TriQuarterly is a name shared by an American literary magazine and a series of books.

The journal is published twice a year under the aegis of the Northwestern University Department of English and features fiction, nonfiction, poetry, drama, literary essays, reviews, a blog, and graphic art. The current faculty advisor for TriQuarterly is Natasha Trethewey.

The TriQuarterly book imprint is published by Northwestern University Press.

Literary magazine
A literary magazine is a periodical devoted to literature in a broad sense. Literary magazines usually publish a mix of fiction and non-fiction. Short stories and poetry are common literary forms published, but some magazines may publish serial literature—a novel which is revealed in sections over multiple issues. Non-fiction writing may be from staff of the literary magazine to make commentary about their magazine or about culture related to literature. Non-fiction from contributors may take the form of essays, literary criticism, book reviews, biographical profiles of authors, interviews, and letters. Literary magazines are often called literary journals (or little magazines) to contrast them with larger, commercial magazines.