hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Godshall
Godshall is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Jeffrey I. Godshall author of "Wayward Wayfarer: The story of a Dodge".

Ned A. Godshall who patented use of LiCoO2 as cathodes in lithium batteries

Ron Godshall, CEO of Godshall's Quality Meats

Robert Godshall, (1933-2019), American politician

Rodney Godshall (1944–2025), American operatic bass

Rodney Godshall
Rodney Godshall (May 26, 1944 – September 18, 2025) was an American operatic bass. Born in Quakertown, Pennsylvania, he was educated at Indiana University and Juilliard School. He began his career at the Santa Fe Opera in the 1960s and later performed with the Seattle Opera, New York City Opera, and Washington Opera, before relocating to Germany to perform there. According to Opera, his characters included Sarastro, Osmin, King Philip, Padre Guardiano, Prince Gremin, Timur, Daland and Gurnemanz. He died in Düsseldorf, at age 81.
5 Flights Up
5 Flights Up (released in the United Kingdom as Ruth & Alex) is a 2014 American comedy-drama film directed by Richard Loncraine, written by Charlie Peters, and starring Morgan Freeman and Diane Keaton. The film is based on the novel Heroic Measures by Jill Ciment. It was released on May 8, 2015 by Focus World.

Focus Features
Focus Features LLC is an American independent film production and distribution company, owned by Comcast as a unit of Universal Pictures, which is itself a unit of Comcast's division NBCUniversal. Founded in 2002, Focus Features distributes independent and foreign films in the United States and internationally.

In November 2018, The Hollywood Reporter named Focus Features "Distributor of the Year" for its success behind the year's breakout documentary film Won't You Be My Neighbor? and Spike Lee's BlacKkKlansman. The studio's most successful film to date is Downton Abbey, which garnered $194.3 million at the worldwide box office.

Focus Features' films have yielded numerous awards nominations. Its 175 Academy Award nominations include 19 for Best Picture, with 35 Oscar wins across various categories. However, as of 2025, Focus Features ranks as the distributor with the most Best Picture nominations without a win.
Tranekær Manor
Tranekær Manor(Danish: Tranekær Gods) is a manor house and estate on Langeland, Denmark. The red-plastered, two-winged main building is perched on a small hill on the northern outskirts of the village Tranekær. It originates in a four-winged Medieval castle of which the south and east wings were demolished in the 1720s. It owes its current appearance to a comprehensive renovation undertaken by the architect Niels Sigfred Nebelong in 1859–1863. The main building, a theatre building, a stable, a carriage house and a garden pavilion were listed on the Danish registry of protected buildings and places in 1918. Tranekær has belonged to members of the Ahlefeldt family since 1659.

Niels Sigfred Nebelong
Niels Sigfred Nebelong (14 October 1806 – 9 October 1871) was a Danish architect who worked in the Historicist style. He was city architect in Copenhagen from 1863 and also designed many lighthouses around Denmark in his capacity as resident architect for the Danish lighthouse authority.
307261 Máni
307261 Máni (provisional designation 2002 MS4) is a large trans-Neptunian object in the Kuiper belt, a region of icy planetesimals beyond Neptune. It was discovered on 18 June 2002 by Chad Trujillo and Michael Brown during their search for Pluto-sized Kuiper belt objects at Palomar Observatory. With a diameter of about 800 km (500 mi), Máni is large enough that some astronomers believe that it might be a dwarf planet.

The surface is dark gray and is composed of water and carbon dioxide ices. Máni has been observed making stellar occultations, which revealed massive topographic features along the outline of its shape. These features include a mountain-like peak that is 25 km (16 mi) tall and a crater-like depression that is 320 km (200 mi) wide and 45 km (28 mi) deep. Máni's topographic features are among the tallest and deepest known for bodies of the Solar System.

Crater
A crater is a landform consisting of a hole or depression on a planetary surface, usually caused either by an object hitting the surface, or by geological activity on the planet. A crater has classically been described as: "a bowl-shaped pit that is formed by a volcano, an explosion, or a meteorite impact". On Earth, craters are "generally the result of volcanic eruptions", while "meteorite impact craters are common on the Moon, but are rare on Earth".

A 1961 New Scientist article speculating on the later-dismissed theory that the craters on the Moon might be volcanic in origin noted that "craters produced by volcanism are blessed with advantages of terrain and mineralization not found on impact craters". A crater may become a crater lake if conditions are suitable. This requires that the crater have relatively even and solid walls, and a source of water such as floodwaters, rain, snow, springs, or other groundwater.
The Incoherence of the Philosophers
The Incoherence of the Philosophers (Arabic: تهافت الفلاسفة, romanized: Tahāfut al-Falāsifa) is a landmark 11th-century work by the Muslim polymath al-Ghazali and a student of the Asharite school of Islamic theology criticizing the Avicennian school of early Islamic philosophy. Muslim philosophers such as Ibn Sina (Avicenna) and al-Farabi (Alpharabius) are denounced in this book, as they follow Greek philosophy even when, in the author's perception, it contradicts Islam. The text was dramatically successful, and marked a milestone in the ascendance of the Asharite school within Islamic philosophy and theological discourse.

The book favors faith over philosophy in matters specifically concerning metaphysics or knowledge of the divine.

Schools of Islamic theology
Schools of Islamic theology are various Islamic schools and branches in different schools of thought regarding creed. The main schools of Islamic theology include the extant Mu'tazili, Ash'ari, Maturidi, and Athari schools; the extinct ones include the Qadari, Jahmi, Murji', and Batini schools.

The main schism between Sunni, Shia, and Khariji branches of Islam was initially more political than theological, but theological differences have developed over time throughout the history of Islam.
Neena Gupta
Neena Gupta (born 4 June 1959) is an Indian actress and television director who works in Hindi films and other language films alongside TV series. Gupta has received several awards including three National Film Awards, a Filmfare Award and two Filmfare OTT Awards.

Known for her work in both art-house and commercial films, she won the National Film Award for Best Supporting Actress for playing a young widow in Woh Chokri (1994) and for Uunchai (2022). In 2018, she saw career resurgence for starring as a middle-aged pregnant woman in the comedy-drama Badhaai Ho, for which she won the Filmfare Award for Best Actress (Critics) and received a nomination for the Filmfare Award for Best Actress.

Gupta's television appearances include a leading role in the drama series Saans (1999) and as the host of the Indian version of the television quiz show The Weakest Link, named Kamzor Kadii Kaun. In June 2021, publisher Penguin Random House India released her autobiography Sach Kahun Toh.

Filmfare Award for Best Actress
The Filmfare Award for Best Actress is given by Filmfare as part of its annual Filmfare Awards for Hindi films, to recognise the actress who has delivered an outstanding performance in a leading role in a film released that year. The award was first presented in 1954 for the films released in 1953.
Lilius family
Lilius is a Finnish family that descend from the bailiff Hans Rainenius (b. 1540), who lived in Satakunta. His son Vicar Henrik Rainenius-Lilius (1590–1657) together with his three sons where the first to adopt the surname Lilius.

Satakunta
Satakunta (in both Finnish and Swedish, Finnish pronunciation: [ˈs̠ɑt̪ɑˌkun̪t̪ɑ]; historically Satacundia or Satagundia) is a region (maakunta / landskap) of Finland, part of the former Western Finland Province. It borders the regions of Southwest Finland, Pirkanmaa, South Ostrobothnia and Ostrobothnia. The capital city of the region is Pori. The name of the region literally means hundred. The historical province of the same name was a larger area within Finland, covering modern Satakunta as well as much of Pirkanmaa.
Steven Van Knotsenburg
Steven Van Knotsenburg (born February 21, 1982) is a Canadian rower from Beamsville, Ontario. Van Knotsenburg had his greatest success when he won a silver at the 2009 World Rowing Championships in the men's eight. At the 2011 Pan American Games he won a silver and a bronze in the men's eight and coxless pairs respectively, with Pete McClelland.

2009 World Rowing Championships
The 2009 World Rowing Championships were World Rowing Championships that were held from 23 to 30 August 2009 at Lake Malta, Poznań, Poland. The annual week-long rowing regatta was organized by FISA (the International Rowing Federation), and held at the end of the northern hemisphere summer. In non-Olympic years it is the highlight of the international rowing calendar.
James W. Douglas
James William Douglas (June 1, 1851 – November 7, 1883) was a Canadian who represented Victoria City in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia from 1875 until his retirement at the 1878 provincial election.

He was born in Victoria, Colony of Vancouver Island, the son of Sir James Douglas, the first governor of Vancouver Island, and Amelia Connolly. James had been born in British Guiyana to a Scottish planter father and a free woman of colour. Amelia was the Anglo-Métis daughter of William Connolly, fur trader, and his Cree wife; she grew up at the Hudson's Bay Company forts managed by her father.

Douglas was educated in Victoria. He served in the local militia. For a time, he studied law with John Foster McCreight. In 1877, Douglas married Mary, the daughter of Andrew Charles Elliott. He died in San Francisco on November 7, 1883, aged 32.

Colony of Vancouver Island
The Colony of Vancouver Island, officially known as the Island of Vancouver and its Dependencies, was a Crown colony of British North America from 1849 to 1866, after which it was united with the mainland to form the Colony of British Columbia. The united colony joined Canadian Confederation, thus becoming part of Canada, in 1871. The colony comprised Vancouver Island and the Gulf Islands of the Strait of Georgia.
NNO
NNO may stand for:

Nuveen North Carolina Dividend Advantage Municipal Fund 2 (stock symbol: NNO)

Natural number object, in category theory, a subfield of mathematics

National Night Out, a crime prevention activity in the United States

Nynorsk, ISO 639-2 and ISO 639-3 language codes

Nitrous oxide

Nynorsk
Nynorsk (Urban East Norwegian: [ˈnŷːnɔʂk] ⓘ; lit. 'Modern Norwegian'  or 'New Norwegian')  is one of the two official written standards of the Norwegian language, the other being Bokmål. From 12 May 1885, it became the state-sanctioned version of Ivar Aasen's standard Norwegian language (Landsmål), parallel to the Dano-Norwegian written standard known as Riksmål. The name Nynorsk was introduced in 1929. After a series of reforms, it is still the written standard closer to Landsmål, whereas Bokmål is closer to Riksmål and Danish.

Between 10 and 15 percent of Norwegians (primarily in the west around the city of Bergen) have Nynorsk as their official language form, estimated by the number of students attending secondary schools. Nynorsk is also taught as a mandatory subject in both high school and middle school for all Norwegians who do not have it as their own language form.
Estonian Boules Federation
Estonian Boules Federation (abbreviation EBF; Estonian: Eesti Petanque'i Klubide Liit) is one of the sport governing bodies in Estonia which deals with boules.

EBF was established on 30 January 1993. It is a member of the Fédération Internationale de Boules (FIB) and Estonian Olympic Committee.

Fédération Internationale de Boules
Fédération Internationale de Boules (International Boules Federation) (abbreviated FIB) is part of the "World Pétanque and Bowls Federation" which is the highest international authority of bocce sports acknowledged by the International Olympic Committee. The current FIB president is Frédéric Ruis from France.

FIB governs the sport of bocce volo, also known as boule lyonnaise.
5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid
5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) is the main metabolite of serotonin. The metabolic intermediate 5-hydroxyindoleacetaldehyde (5-HIAL) is formed from serotonin by monoamine oxidase (MAO) and then 5-HIAA is formed from 5-HIAL via aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH). In chemical analysis of urine samples, 5-HIAA is used to determine serotonin levels in the body.

Metabolic intermediate
Metabolic intermediates are compounds produced during the conversion of substrates (starting molecules) into final products in biochemical reactions within cells.

Although these intermediates are of relatively minor direct importance to cellular function, they can play important roles in the allosteric regulation of enzymes, glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and amino acid synthesis.

Metabolic pathways consist of a series of enzymatically catalyzed reactions where each step transforms a substrate into a product that serves as the substrate for the next reaction. Metabolic intermediates are compounds that form during these steps, and they are neither the starting substrate nor the final product of the pathway. These intermediates are crucial because they allow for regulation, energy storage, and extraction of chemical energy in a controlled manner.
1997 Shanghai Open – Doubles
Mark Knowles and Roger Smith were the defending champions but lost in the quarterfinals to Ctislav Doseděl and Ján Krošlák.

Max Mirnyi and Kevin Ullyett won in the final 7–6, 6–7, 7–5 against Tomas Nydahl and Stefano Pescosolido.

Stefano Pescosolido
Stefano Pescosolido (Italian pronunciation: [ˈsteːfano ˌpɛskoˈsɔːlido, - pes-] ⓘ; born 13 June 1971) is a tennis coach and a former professional player from Italy. He reached his career-high ATP singles ranking of World No. 42 in March 1992.

He represented his native country at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, where he was defeated in the first round by Brazil's Fernando Meligeni. The right-hander won two career titles in singles and one in doubles.
Nof HaGalil
Nof HaGalil is a city in the Northern District of Israel with a population of 45,587.

Nof HaGalil was founded in 1957 as Nazareth Illit (Hebrew: נָצְרַת עִלִּית, romanized: Natzrat Ilit; Arabic: الناصرة العليا, romanized: An-Nāṣira al-‘ulyā, lit. 'Upper Nazareth'), it was planned as a Jewish town overlooking the city of Nazareth and the Jezreel Valley. In 1963, it was declared a local council, and in 1974, it formally gained the status of a city. Following the collapse of the Soviet Union, the city saw a large influx of Jewish immigrants from the former Soviet republics, which doubled the city's population and made it one of the centers of Russian Jewish culture in Israel.

Nof Hagalil also has a significant Israeli Arab community.

Russian Jews in Israel
Russian Jews in Israel are immigrants and descendants of the immigrants of the Russian Jewish communities who now reside within the State of Israel. In 1999, the Israeli Jewish population born in the former Soviet Union, including their children, numbered 1,037,000.
Fazia
FAZIA stands for the Four Pi A and Z Identification Array.

This is a project which aims at building a new 4pi particle detector for charged particles. It will operate in the domain of heavy-ion induced reactions around the Fermi energy. It groups together more than 10 institutions worldwide in Nuclear Physics. It is planned to work in 2013-2014, coincidentally to the advent of new high intensity particle accelerators for radioactive nuclear beams. A large effort on research and development is currently made, especially on digital electronics and pulse shape analysis, in order to improve the detection capabilities of such particle detectors in different domains, such as charge and mass identification, lower energy thresholds, as well as improved energetic and angular resolutions.

Charged particle
In physics, a charged particle is a particle with an electric charge. For example, some elementary particles, like the electron or quarks are charged. Some composite particles like protons are charged particles.  An ion, such as a molecule or atom with a surplus or deficit of electrons relative to protons are also charged particles.

A plasma is a collection of charged particles, atomic nuclei and separated electrons, but can also be a gas containing a significant proportion of charged particles.

Charged particles are labeled as either  positive (+) or negative (-). The designations are arbitrary. Nothing is inherent to a positively charged particle that makes it "positive", and the same goes for negatively charged particles.
Ichthyosis hystrix
Ichthyosis hystrix is a group of rare skin disorders in the ichthyosis family of skin disorders characterized by massive hyperkeratosis with an appearance like spiny scales. This term is also used to refer to a type of epidermal nevi with extensive bilateral distribution.

Nevus
Nevus (pl. nevi) is a nonspecific medical term for a visible, circumscribed, chronic lesion of the skin or mucosa. The term originates from naevus, which is Latin for "birthmark"; however, a nevus can be either congenital (present at birth) or acquired. Common terms (mole, birthmark, beauty mark, etc.) are used to describe nevi, but these terms do not distinguish specific types of nevi from one another.
Kyrgyzstan at the 2002 Winter Olympics
Kyrgyzstan was represented at the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City, Utah, United States by the National Olympic Committee of the Republic of Kyrgyzstan.

In total, two athletes – both men – represented Kyrgyzstan in two different sports including biathlon and ski jumping.

National Olympic Committee of the Kyrgyz Republic
The National Olympic Committee of the Kyrgyz Republic (Kyrgyz: Кыргызстан улуттук олимпиада комитети), (also referred to as the Kyrgyzstan) an organization representing Kyrgyzstan in the international Olympic movement. Founded in 1991 and registered with the IOC in 1993.

It is headquartered in Bishkek.  National Olympic Committee of the Kyrgyz Republic is a member of the International Olympic Committee, the Olympic Council of Asia and other international sports organizations.
Popovka, Rossoshansky District, Voronezh Oblast
Popovka (Russian: Поповка) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Popovskoye Rural Settlement, Rossoshansky District, Voronezh Oblast, Russia. The population was 2,507 as of 2010. There are 33 streets.

Rossoshansky District
Rossoshansky District  (Russian: Россоша́нский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-two in Voronezh Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southwest of the oblast. The area of the district is 2,371 square kilometers (915 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Rossosh. Population: 88,923 (2021 Census); 94,694 (2010 Census); 31,750 (2002 Census); 32,126 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Rossosh accounts for 68.5% of the district's total population.
Chatakpur
Chatakpur is a village within the Senchal Wildlife Sanctuary, located in Darjeeling district, West Bengal, India. It sits at an elevation of 2,404 m (7,887 ft). One of the highest villages in the district, Chatakpur sits at a distance of about 25 km (15.5 mi) from Darjeeling and 7 km (4.3 mi) from Sonada, a census town in the Jorebunglow Sukhiapokhri CD block. Sparsely populated, Chatakpur is variously described as an eco-friendly village and an ecovillage, given the residents' reliance on the homestay industry and terrace farming. In 2017, India's first hill station cycle trail was opened in Darjeeling. The trail begins near Jorebungalow and concludes at Chatakpur. There is also a watchtower in the village.

Jorebunglow Sukhiapokhri (community development block)
Jorebunglow Sukhiapokhri is a community development block (CD block) that forms an administrative division in the Darjeeling Sadar subdivision of the Darjeeling district in the Indian state of West Bengal.
Kathi Irvine
Kathryn Mary (Kathi) Irvine is an American research statistician for the United States Geological Survey (USGS), affiliated with the Bozeman Environmental and Ecological Statistics Research Group, at the USGS Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center in Bozeman, Montana. Her research involves environmental statistics including both the fundamentals of spatial statistics and its application to wildlife populations including bats, pikas, elk, pine trees, and sagebrush steppes.

Spatial statistics
Spatial statistics is a field of applied statistics dealing with spatial data.
It involves stochastic processes (random fields, point processes), sampling, smoothing and interpolation, regional (areal unit) and lattice (gridded) data, point patterns, as well as image analysis and stereology.
Ophiasis
Ophiasis is a form of alopecia areata characterized by the loss of hair in the shape of a wave at the circumference of the head.

It gets its name from Greek ὄφις ophis 'snake' because of the apparent similarity to a snake-shape and the pattern of hair loss.

The term "sisaipho" is used to characterize the inverse pattern. Sisaipho is, almost, the reverse spelling of ophiasis. It is also called "ophiasis inversus".

This form of hair loss "...targets the body's own hair follicles, resulting in hair loss..." and although the immune system could be attacking hair follicle melanocytes, dermal papilla cells, and keratinocytes,” the foundational cause of this disease is yet to be confirmed.

Melanocyte
Melanocytes are melanin-producing neural crest-derived cells located in the bottom layer (the stratum basale) of the skin's epidermis, the middle layer of the eye (the uvea), the inner ear, vaginal epithelium, meninges, bones, and heart found in many mammals and birds. Melanin is a dark pigment primarily responsible for skin color. Once synthesized, melanin is contained in special organelles called melanosomes which can be transported to nearby keratinocytes to induce pigmentation. Thus darker skin tones have more melanosomes present than lighter skin tones. Functionally, melanin serves as protection against UV radiation. Melanocytes also have a role in the immune system.
Algerian Handball Federation
Algerian Handball Federation (Arabic: الاتحادية الجزائرية لكرة اليد, French: Fédération Algérienne de Handball) (FAHB) is the national handball and beach handball federation in Algeria. FAHB organizes handball within Algeria, and represents Algerian handball internationally. The federation is a member of the African Handball Confederation (CAHB), Algerian Olympic Committee and the International Handball Federation (IHF). The current president of the FAHB from 6 March 2025 on is Mourad Boussebt.

International Handball Federation
The International Handball Federation (IHF) is the administrative and controlling body for handball and beach handball. IHF is responsible for the organisation of handball's major international tournaments, notably the IHF World Men's Handball Championship, which commenced in 1938, and the IHF World Women's Handball Championship, which commenced in 1957.

IHF was founded in 1946 to oversee international competitions. Headquartered in Basel, its membership now comprises 209 national federations. Each member country must each also be a member of one of the six regional confederations: Africa, Asia, Europe, North America and Caribbean, Oceania, and South and Central America. Hassan Moustafa from Egypt has been President of the IHF since 26 November 2000.