hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lucius Manlius Acidinus (praetor 210 BC)
Lucius Manlius Acidinus (fl. late 3rd century BC) was a member of the Manlia gens who stood as praetor urbanus in 210 BC.  He was sent by the senate into Sicily to bring back the consul Marcus Valerius Laevinus to Rome to hold the elections.  In 207 he was with the troops stationed at Narnia to oppose Hasdrubal, and was the first to send to Rome intelligence of the defeat of the latter.  In 206 he and Lucius Cornelius Lentulus had the province of Hispania entrusted to them with proconsular power.  In the following year he conquered the Ausetani and Ilergetes, who had rebelled against the Romans in consequence of the absence of Scipio.  He did not return to Rome until 199, but was prevented by the tribune Publius Porcius Laeca from entering the city in an ovation, which the senate had granted him.

Marcus Valerius Laevinus
Marcus Valerius Laevinus (c. 260 BC – 200 BC) was a Roman consul and commander who rose to prominence during the Second Punic War and corresponding First Macedonian War. A member of the gens Valeria, an old patrician family believed to have migrated to Rome under the Sabine king T. Tatius, Laevinus played an integral role in the containment of the Macedonian threat.
Ralf Bergmann
Ralf Friedrich Bergmann (14 April 1962 – 25 May 2025) was a German politician. A member of the Social Democratic Party, he served in the Landtag of Saxony-Anhalt from 2006 to 2016.

Bergmann died on 25 May 2025, at the age of 63.

Landtag of Saxony-Anhalt
The Landtag of Saxony-Anhalt is the parliament of the German federal state Saxony-Anhalt. It convenes in Magdeburg and currently consists of 97 members of six parties. The current majority is a coalition of the Social Democratic Party, Free Democratic Party  and the Christian Democratic Union, supporting the cabinet of Minister-President Reiner Haseloff.
League of Ireland U19 Division
The League of Ireland U19 Division is the under-19 division of the League of Ireland.  The current division is the successor of earlier U21 and U20 divisions. Like the Premier Division and First Division, the U19 Division is currently sponsored by Airtricity and as a result it is also known as the SSE Airtricity U19 League. The earlier U21 and U20 divisions were sponsored by Eircom and as a result were referred to as the Eircom U21 League or the Eircom U20 League. The division is also sometimes referred to as the Dr Tony O'Neill League because the winners are awarded the Dr Tony O'Neill Cup. In 2016 Cork City  became the first team to represent the division in the UEFA Youth League.

SSE Airtricity
SSE Airtricity (previously Eirtricity) is an energy company founded in Ireland in 1997, now a subsidiary of SSE plc. SSE Airtricity supplies and distributes electricity and gas to Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland.
Taw yağı
The Taw yağı (pronounced [tʌʊ jʌˈɣɯ] in Tatar) or Viryal (Tatar: Тау ягы, romanized: Taw yağı; Chuvash: Вирьял; Russian: Го́рная сторона́, literally Hill Bank Land) was a historical region of Tatarstan, Khanate of Kazan, Volga Bulgaria, the name is known since the 1550s. This land was situated at the Hill, i.e. right bank of the Volga. Since 1547, this region was disintegrated from the khanate. The Feudal lords of the Hill Bank Land eventually joined Russia following 1556. Sviyazhsk was established as the center of the Hill Bank Land. Later, this part of the former khanate was incorporated to Sviyazhsk Uyezd. The region had multiethnic population (Russian: горные люди) and included Tatars, Chuvashes, Hill Mari and Mordvins.

During the Russian Civil War, White guerrillas were based in the forests here.

This part of Tatarstan is well known by its rocky hills. The hills themselves became recently known for their dachas, resorts and Alpine skiing.

Volga Bulgaria
Volga Bulgaria or Volga–Kama Bulgaria (sometimes referred to as the Volga Bulgar Emirate) was a historical Bulgar state that existed between the 9th and 13th centuries around the confluence of the Volga and Kama River, in what is now European Russia. Volga Bulgaria was a multi-ethnic state with large numbers of Bulgars, Finno-Ugrians, Varangians, and East Slavs. Its strategic position allowed it to create a local trade monopoly with Norse, Cumans, and Pannonian Avars.
Morgan Hamm
Morgan Carl Hamm (born September 24, 1982 in Washburn, Wisconsin) is an American retired artistic gymnast and former member of the United States men's national artistic gymnastics team. He is an Olympic silver medalist in the team competition at the 2004 Olympics and a two-time Olympian (2000, 2004). He was a member of the silver-medal winning team at the 2003 World Championships. Hamm was named to the 2008 Olympic team but withdrew from it due to injury.

United States at the 2000 Summer Olympics
The United States of America (USA), the previous host of the 1996 Olympics at Atlanta, competed at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia. 586 competitors, 333 men and 253 women, took part in 265 events in 31 sports.
MBN Explorer
MBN Explorer (MesoBioNano Explorer) is a software package for molecular dynamics simulations, structure optimization and kinetic Monte Carlo simulations. It is designed for multiscale computational analysis of structure and dynamics of atomic clusters and nanoparticles, biomolecules and nanosystems, nanostructured materials, different states of matter and various interfaces. The software has been developed by MBN Research Center.

Cluster (physics)
Clusters in physics refers to small, polyatomic particles. Any particle made of between 3 × 100 and 3 × 107 atoms is considered a cluster.

The term can also refer to the organization of protons and neutrons within an atomic nucleus, e.g. the alpha particle (also known as "α-cluster"), consisting of two protons and two neutrons (as in a helium nucleus).
Tre' Stallings
Cornelius Tre' Stallings (born January 8, 1983) is an American former professional football player who was a guard in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Ole Miss Rebels and was selected by the Kansas City Chiefs in the sixth round of the 2006 NFL draft.

Ole Miss Rebels football
The Ole Miss Rebels football program represents the University of Mississippi, also known as "Ole Miss". The Rebels compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) as members of the Southeastern Conference (SEC). The Rebels play their home games at Vaught-Hemingway Stadium on the university's campus in University, Mississippi.

Founded in 1893, Ole Miss has won 6 Southeastern Conference titles, in 1947, 1954, 1955, 1960, 1962, 1963. The team has been co-national champion once, with Minnesota in 1960 (the only time that Ole Miss has been acknowledged as national champion by the NCAA). Ole Miss, however, has never finished a season No. 1 in the AP or Coaches' Poll. With a record of 26–15, Ole Miss has the third-highest postseason winning percentage of schools with 30 or more bowl appearances.

Pete Golding, the program's head coach, succeeded Lane Kiffin in November 2025.
Shikarpur bombing
The Shikarpur bombing occurred on 30 January 2015 when Sunni militants linked to the Pakistani Taliban killed 61 people and injured 50 in a bombing at a Shiite mosque in the Shikarpur District of Pakistan's Sindh province.

Jundallah claimed responsibility for the attack.

Jundallah (Pakistan)
Jundallah (Urdu: جندالله, lit. "Soldiers of God") was a militant group associated with Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan (TTP). The group was commanded by militant Hakimullah Mehsud, the Emir of TTP, until his death on 1 November 2013. Ahmed Marwat was the spokesman of the group. On 17 November 2014, a group spokesman told Reuters that it had vowed allegiance to the Islamic State, after a meeting with a three-man delegation from the group. In January 2017, the Government of Pakistan imposed, interalia, a ban on Jundullah and other splinter groups that claimed responsibility for terror attacks.
Shanghai International Port Group
Shanghai International Port (Group) Co., Ltd. (SIPG) is the exclusive operator of all the public terminals in the Port of Shanghai. It is a majority state-owned company and a component of SSE 180 Index as well as CSI 300 Index and sub-index CSI 100 Index.

Its headquarters are located in SIPG Cruise City, Hongkou District, Shanghai, but the registered address is located in the Shanghai Free-Trade Zone, Pudong District, Shanghai.

Hongkou, Shanghai
Hongkou (ⓘ; formerly spelled Hongkew) is a district of Shanghai, forming part of the northern urban core. It has a land area of 23.48 km2 (9.07 sq mi) and a population of 757,498 as of 2020. The district borders Yangpu to the east, Pudong to the southeast, Huangpu to the southwest, Jing'an to the west and Baoshan to the north.

It is the location of the Astor House Hotel, Broadway Mansions, Lu Xun Park, and Hongkou Football Stadium. It was once known as Shanghai's "Little Tokyo." Hongkou is home to the Shanghai International Studies University, the Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, and the 1933 Old Millfun.
Renfe Feve
Renfe Cercanías AM, formerly known as Renfe Feve, was a division of state-owned Spanish railway company Renfe Operadora. It transitorily operated most of Spain's 1,250 km (777 mi) of metre-gauge railway. This division of Renfe was previously a stand-alone company named FEVE (Ferrocarriles de Vía Estrecha, Spanish for "Narrow-Gauge Railways). On 31 December 2012, the Spanish government simplified the organization of state-owned railway companies by merging FEVE into Renfe and Adif. The rolling stock and the brand FEVE were transferred to Renfe (renamed "Renfe Feve"), while the infrastructure was transferred to Adif. In 2023 and 2025, the division's services were fully integrated into the other subdivisions Cercanías and Renfe mid distance.

Line 10 (Madrid Metro)
Line 10 of the Madrid Metro is a rapid transit line in Madrid, Spain that is actually the product of two formerly separate lines. Today the route begins at Hospital Infanta Sofía (San Sebastián de los Reyes) and ends at Puerta del Sur (Alcorcón). Passengers must transfer at Tres Olivos between the "line 10A" segment, which covers the portion of the route south of the station, and "line 10B", which extends north to Hospital Infanta Sofía.

Line 10 provides access to the Cuatro Torres Business Area at Begoña station, the AZCA at Nuevos Ministerios, as well as the Chamartín Railway station, Plaza de Castilla, Plaza de España, Principe Pío and Casa de Campo. The line links the towns of Alcobendas and San Sebastián de los Reyes with Madrid.
Zoabi
Zoabi  is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Abdel Rahman Zuabi, last name also spelled Zoabi, Arab Israeli judge

Ghaida Rinawie Zoabi, Arab Israeli activist and politician

Haneen Zoabi, Arab Israeli politician

Omran al-Zoubi, last name also spelled Zoabi, Syrian politician

Sameh Zoabi, Palestinian film writer

Omran al-Zoubi
Omran Ahed al-Zoubi (Arabic: عمران عاهد الزعبي) (27 September 1959 in Damascus, Syria – 4 July 2018 in Damascus, Syria) was the Minister of Information in the Government of Syria from 23 June 2012 until July 2016. He died from a heart attack on 6 July 2018.
Schwarzlofer
Schwarzlofer is a river of Tyrol, Austria and Bavaria, Germany. Its source is on the Schwarzloferalm, north of Waidring (Tyrol). It passes through Reit im Winkl (Bavaria) and flows into the Großache near Kössen (Tyrol).

Kössen
Kössen (German pronunciation: [ˈkœsn̩]) is a municipality in the Kitzbühel district in the Austrian state of Tyrol located 24 km north of Kitzbühel as well as 15.50 km north of Sankt Johann in Tirol at the Kitzbühler Ache near the border to Germany.
Wiebke Drenckhan
Wiebke Drenckhan, born 6 April 1977 in Bad Belzig, is a German physicist. She is a CNRS research director at the Institut Charles Sadron, where she investigates the physics and physical chemistry of liquid and solid foams and emulsions. She also works as illustrator for scientific journals and popular science books and she collaborates regularly with artists and designers.

Foam
Foams are two-phase material systems where a gas is dispersed in a second, non-gaseous material, specifically, in which gas cells are enclosed by a distinct liquid or solid material.: 6 : 4  Foam "may contain more or less liquid [or solid] according to circumstances",: 6  although in the case of gas-liquid foams, the gas occupies most of the volume.: 4

In most foams, the volume of gas is large, with thin films of liquid or solid separating the regions of gas.
Acme motorcycle (1939–1949)
The Acme motorcycle was assembled and marketed by Bennett & Wood of Wentworth Avenue, Sydney, who also built Speedwell bicycles and were also BSA importers for New South Wales. The engine was a Villiers 122cc Mark 9D, and the frame was built locally. The bike was aimed at city commuters as a cheap and economical mode of transport. Production began in May 1939, and was phased out in 1949, due to the success of the imported BSA Bantam. The Acme, along with the Waratah, were the only two Australian-made motorcycles whose production span was before and after World War II.

BSA Bantam
The BSA Bantam is a two-stroke unit construction motorcycle that was produced by the Birmingham Small Arms Company (BSA) from 1948 (as a 123 cc) until 1971 (as a 173 cc). Exact production figures are unknown, but it was between 350,000 and 500,000.
Les Ingman
William Leslie "Les" Ingman (17 August 1927 – 29 October 1990) was a British cyclist who competed in the 1952 Summer Olympics. He was born in Barrow-in-Furness, and died in Hounslow. He represented the Apollo Cycling Club. Participating in the road race of cycling at the 1952 Summer Olympics, he failed to finish the race, and thus became a non-scoring member of the British team. He won the British National Hill Climb Championships in 1954 and 1956.

Hounslow
Hounslow (/ˈhaʊnzloʊ/ HOWNZ-loh) is a large town in West London, England, 10+3⁄4 miles (17.5 kilometres) west-southwest of Charing Cross. It is the administrative centre of the London Borough of Hounslow, and is identified in the London Plan as one of the 14 metropolitan centres in Greater London.

It is bounded by Isleworth to the east, Twickenham to its south, Feltham to its west and Southall to its north.

The Hounslow post town covers the TW3, TW4, TW5 and TW6 postcodes. Most of the post town is in the London Borough of Hounslow, but parts fall within the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames and the London Borough of Hillingdon, notably including Heathrow Airport.
USS Fashion
USS Fashion (ID-755), later USS Freight Lighter No. 116, later USS YF-116, was a United States Navy freight lighter in commission from 1918 to 1922.

Fashion was built as a commercial barge of the same name in 1915 by Richard Rodermond in New York. In 1918, the U.S. Navy acquired her from her owner, Eugene Coop of New York, for use during World War I. Assigned the naval registry identification number 755, he was placed in service in 1918 as USS Fashion (ID-755). She later was renamed USS Freight Lighter No. 116.

When the U.S. Navy adopted its modern hull number system on 17 July 1920, Freight Lighter No. 116 was classified as a YF (freight lighter) under the new system and renamed USS YF-116.

YF-116 was taken out of service on 8 May 1922. She was sold in 1922.

Hull classification symbol
The United States Navy, United States Coast Guard, and United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) use a hull classification symbol (sometimes called hull code or hull number) to identify their ships by type and by individual ship within a type. The system is analogous to the pennant number system that the Royal Navy and other European and Commonwealth navies use.
March 1977 Fijian general election
General elections were held in Fiji between 19 March and 2 April 1977. As a result of a split in the ethnic Fijian vote, the ruling Alliance Party of Prime Minister Kamisese Mara suffered a narrow defeat. Although the Alliance Party received the most votes, it won only 24 seats, two fewer than the Indo-Fijian-dominated National Federation Party (NFP). One seat was won by the Fijian Nationalist Party, with the remaining seat going to an independent candidate, Osea Gavidi.

Although the NFP emerged as the largest party, Governor-General George Cakobau asked Mara to form a new government, claiming that he had the support of the majority of the House. The new government remained in office until early elections in September the same year.

Prime Minister of Fiji
The prime minister of Fiji is the head of government of the Republic of Fiji. The prime minister is appointed under the terms of the 2013 Constitution. The prime minister is the head of the Cabinet and appoints and dismisses ministers.
Erik Holmberg (astronomer)
Erik Holmberg (13 November 1908 – 1 February 2000) was a Swedish astronomer and cosmologist. He is most famous for his work in the effects of interacting galaxies. This research showed that galaxies that came near each other would likely combine to form a larger galaxy.

In 1908, Holmberg was born to Malcolm and Anna Holmberg in Skillingaryd, Sweden. In 1947 he married Martha Asdahl. They had one daughter named Osa, who was born in 1953. He died on 1 February 2000 in Gothenburg, at the age of 91.

Interacting galaxy
Interacting galaxies, also known as colliding galaxies, are two or more galaxies whose gravitational fields result in a disturbance of one another. There are several types of galactic interactions, including major interactions, minor interactions, and galaxy harassment. Major interactions occur between galaxies with similar amounts of mass, whereas minor interactions involve galaxies with masses that vary significantly. An example of a minor interaction is a satellite galaxy disturbing the primary galaxy's spiral arms. An example of a major interaction is a galactic collision, such as the one that  astronomers estimate will happen in the future between the Milky Way and Andromeda. Collisions may lead to galaxy mergers and may also lead to other phenomena such as star formation and black hole activity.
Kaohly Her
Kaohly Vang Her (/kəˈli hɜːr/ kə-LEE hur; RPA: Nkauj Hli Vaj Hawj; born June 18, 1973) is an American politician serving since 2026 as the 56th mayor of Saint Paul. She is the first woman and first Asian American to hold this position.

From 2019 to 2025, Her served in the Minnesota House of Representatives. A member of the Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party (DFL), she represented District 64A, which includes parts of Saint Paul in Ramsey County, Minnesota.

Romanized Popular Alphabet
The Romanized Popular Alphabet (RPA) or Hmong RPA (also Roman Popular Alphabet), is a system of romanization for the various dialects of the Hmong language. Created in Laos between 1951 and 1953 by a group of missionaries and Hmong advisers, it has gone on to become the most widespread system for writing the Hmong language in the West. It is also used in Southeast Asia and China alongside other writing systems, most notably Nyiakeng Puachue Hmong and Pahawh Hmong.
Hans Reiter (physician)
Hans Conrad Julius Reiter (26 February 1881 – 25 November 1969) was a German Nazi physician who conducted medical experiments at the Buchenwald concentration camp. He wrote a book on "racial hygiene" called Deutsches Gold, Gesundes Leben – Frohes Schaffen. In 1916, he described a disease with the symptoms urethritis, conjunctivitis and arthritis, which became known as Reiter's syndrome.

Reiter was born in Reudnitz, near Leipzig in the German Empire. He studied medicine at Leipzig and Breslau (now Wrocław), and received a doctorate from Tübingen on the subject of tuberculosis. After receiving his doctorate, he went on to study at the hygiene institute in Berlin, the Pasteur Institute in Paris and St. Mary's Hospital in London, where he worked with Sir Almroth Wright for two years. Reiter was also known for implementing strict anti-smoking laws in Nazi Germany.

Racial hygiene
The term racial hygiene was used to describe an approach to eugenics in the early 20th century, which found its most extensive implementation in Nazi Germany (Nazi eugenics). It was marked by efforts to avoid miscegenation, analogous to an animal breeder seeking purebred animals. This was often motivated by the pseudoscientific belief in the existence of a racial hierarchy and the related fear that "lower races" would "contaminate" a "higher" one. As with most eugenicists at the time, racial hygienists believed that the lack of eugenics would lead to rapid social degeneration, the decline of civilization by the spread of inferior characteristics.

Like eugenics, racial hygiene was largely discredited and abandoned following World War II.
Bill Sanderson
Charles W. "Bill" Sanderson III (born September 26, 1959, in Union City, Tennessee) is an American who was a Republican member of the Tennessee House of Representatives representing District 77 from January 2011 to July 2019.

Union City, Tennessee
Union City is a city in and the county seat of Obion County, Tennessee, United States. 11,170 people were living in the town as of the 2020 census. It is the principal urban settlement of the surrounding micropolitan area, which includes Obion County and Fulton County, Kentucky. Union City is home to Discovery Park of America which is a museum with many exhibits pertaining to local history, as well as state, national, and world history, science, technology, and art.
Sudbury Hill
Sudbury Hill is an area of the London Borough of Harrow in northwest London, England. It forms part of the HA1 postcode and Harrow post town.

Located immediately north of North Greenford and almost a mile from Sudbury, Sudbury Hill was originally an ancient link between Harrow on the Hill and Wembley, which survives today as the A4005. The area has two railway stations, Sudbury Hill Harrow railway station and Sudbury Hill tube station, which are both located on the Greenford Road (south of the Sudbury Hill A4005 road itself).

HA postcode area
The HA postcode area, also known as the Harrow postcode area, is a group of ten postcode districts in England, within seven post towns. These cover part of northwest and west London, plus a very small part of south Hertfordshire.

The main sorting office is in Greenford (Green Park Way) and the area served includes all of the London Borough of Harrow, the northeastern part of the London Borough of Hillingdon, the western part of the London Borough of Brent and small parts of the London Boroughs of Barnet and Ealing, while the northern part of HA6 covers a small part of the Three Rivers district of Hertfordshire.
Marquess of Dávila
Marquess of Dávila (Spanish: Marqués de Dávila)  is a hereditary  title of Spanish nobility. It was created on 18 July 1949 by Francisco Franco in favor of Fidel Dávila Arrondo, Spanish general.

The title was deprived on October 21, 2022, after the approval of the Democratic Memory Law.

Democratic Memory Law
The Law of Democratic Memory (Spanish: Ley de Memoria Democrática) is a  law in Spain which came into effect in October 2022, concerning the legacy of Francoist Spain. The Law seeks to promote knowledge of the history of democracy in Spain and to maintain the memory of the victims of the Spanish Civil War and the Francoist Dictatorship through initiatives such as the creation of a Register of Victims, to recognise a right of investigation and to know the truth about the circumstances of a victim's death and the removal of some remaining symbols of the dictatorship.