hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Thomas Houghton (politician)
Thomas John Houghton (24 December 1861 – 30 August 1933) was an English-born Australian politician.

He was born in Liverpool to George Houghton and Frances Fairclough. His family arrived in New South Wales in 1866. Houghton left school at fourteen to work as a printer's apprentice, and from the age of twenty worked as a printer for Hansard. He married Catherine Susanna Kitsch on 31 December 1884 at Grafton; they had three children. Houghton was involved in the labour movement through his membership in a typographical association. Involved in the founding of the Labor Party, he was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly for Glebe in 1891, but refused to sign the pledge and contested the 1894 election unsuccessfully as an independent free trader. He was involved in the campaign for Federation, and remained involved in the Trades and Labour Council until 1923, when he became an employer. Houghton died at Artarmon in 1933.

Artarmon
Artarmon (/ɑːrtɑːrmən/) is a suburb on the lower North Shore of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia, 9 kilometres north-west of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of the City of Willoughby.
Oval Raceway
50°50′13″N 0°28′16″W﻿ / ﻿50.837°N 0.471°W﻿ / 50.837; -0.471

The Oval Raceway, also known as the Angmering Motor Sports Centre or Angmering Raceway was a motor racing circuit on the outskirts of Angmering, near Worthing, West Sussex, UK, that closed on Sunday 27 November 2022 to make way for a new housing development.

The 25-acre (100,000 m2) site was started by local man Jim Hazelgrove and was focused on a 0.25 miles (0.40 km) concrete banked oval track, inside which was a smaller circuit for go-karts, mini motos and pit bikes.  The main track primarily hosted stock car, hot rod and banger racing, as well as special events such as demolition derbies, caravan racing and car jumps.

Minibike
A minibike is a two-wheeled, motorized, off-highway recreational vehicle popularized in the 1960s and 1970s, but available continuously from a wide variety of manufacturers since 1959. Their off-highway nature and (in many countries) typically entirely off-road legal status differentiate minibikes from motorcycles and mopeds, and their miniature size differentiates them from dirt bikes.

Traditionally, minibikes have a four-stroke, horizontal crankshaft engine, single- or two-speed centrifugal clutch transmissions with chain final-drive, 100 or 150 mm (4 or 6 in) wheels and a low frame/seat height with elevated handlebars. Commercially available minibikes are usually equipped with small engines commonly found elsewhere on utilitarian equipment such as garden tillers.
Illuvium
Illuvium is material displaced across a soil profile, from one layer to another one, by the action of rainwater. The removal of material from a soil layer is called eluviation. The transport of the material may be either mechanical or chemical.  The process of deposition of illuvium is termed illuviation. It is a water-assisted transport in a basically vertical direction, as compared to  alluviation, the horizontal running water transfer. The resulting deposits are called illuvial deposits. Cutans are a type of illuvial deposit.

Illuvium includes organic matter, silicate clay, and hydrous oxides of iron and aluminum.

Illuvial deposits of clays, oxides, and organics accumulate in subsoil as distinctive soil horizons classified as "B horizons" or "zones of illuviation".

Hydrous oxide
Hydrous oxides are inorganic compounds of a metal, hydroxide, and weakly bound water. Some examples include:

Hydrous ferric oxide (HFO)

Hydrous cupric oxide

Hydrous thorium oxide (THO) and hydrous titanium oxide (TiHO)

Hydrous aluminum oxide (HAO)

Some of them, such as HFO and HAO, are precipitated in highly porous poorly crystalline or amorphous forms and therefore are good adsorbents used for example in water treatment.

Some others are gels.

Hydrous oxide films may be used an various applications such as electrocatalysis, supercapacitors, and sensors.

HFO and HAO may also result from oxidative weathering of rocks to produce iron an aluminum hydrous oxide clay soils.
ATF/CREB
The ATF/CREB family is a group of transcription factors, consisting of different ATFs (Activating transcription factors), CREB (cAMP response element binding protein), CREM (cAMP response element modulator) and related proteins. Among the transcription factors assigned to this group, some are more related to CREB-like, factors, whereas other exhibit closer similarity with the AP-1 transcription factor components c-Jun or c-Fos.

Common features are a basic leucine zipper type of DNA-binding domain and binding as a dimer to 
DNA sequences like 5'-TGACGTCA-3' or 5'-TGA(C/G)TCA-3' as recognition sequences.

Transcription factor Jun
Transcription factor Jun, also known as c-Jun, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the JUN gene. c-Jun, in combination with protein c-Fos, forms the AP-1 early response transcription factor. It was first identified as the Fos-binding protein p39 and only later rediscovered as the product of the JUN gene. c-jun was the first oncogenic transcription factor discovered. The proto-oncogene c-Jun is the cellular homolog of the viral oncoprotein v-jun (P05411). The viral homolog v-jun was discovered in avian sarcoma virus 17 and was named for ju-nana, the Japanese word for 17. The human JUN encodes a protein that is highly similar to the viral protein, which interacts directly with specific target DNA sequences to regulate gene expression. This gene is intronless and is mapped to 1p32-p31, a chromosomal region involved in both translocations and deletions in human malignancies.
Ricochet (Rise Against album)
Ricochet is the tenth studio album by American punk rock band Rise Against. Released on August 15, 2025, it is their first produced by Catherine Marks. Prior to the album's announcement, the band released two singles; "Nod" on January 24, 2025, and "Prizefighter" on April 3, 2025. A third single, "I Want It All", was released alongside the announcement of the album on May 28, 2025.

Tim McIlrath
Timothy James McIlrath (born November 3, 1978) is an American rock musician. He is the lead singer, rhythm guitarist, songwriter and co-founder of the punk rock band Rise Against. He is vegetarian and straight edge.
Qoltuq nagara
The Qoltuq nagara of Azerbaijan (Armpit drum) (Armenian: Դհոլ, Georgian: დოლი, Azerbaijani: Qoltuq nağara) is a folk drum with double head that is played on one side with the bare hands. It is used in Uzbekistan, Turkey, Iranian Azerbaijanis, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Caucasus, Kyrgyzstan, Armenia Georgia and other Caucasus regions. It has different names, according to the territory in which it is played. This membranophone is different from the dhol and nagara of India.

Membranophone
A membranophone  is any musical instrument which produces sound primarily by way of a vibrating stretched membrane. It is one of the four main divisions of instruments in the original Hornbostel-Sachs scheme of musical instrument classification.

According to Sachs,

The sound is produced by a membrane ["skin" or "head"] stretched over an opening. Most, but not all, membranophones are generally called drums. They are classified according to material,  if it's single or double headed, shape, skin(s), skin fastening, playing positions, and manner of playing.
2014 Internazionali di Tennis Castel del Monte
The 2014 Internazionali di Tennis Castel del Monte was a professional tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts. It was the second edition of the tournament which is part of the 2014 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Andria, Italy between November 15 and November 23, 2014.

Andria
Andria (Italian: [ˈandrja] ⓘ; Barese: Iàndrie) is a city and comune (municipality) in the Apulia region of Southern Italy. It is an agricultural and service center, producing wine, olives and almonds. It is the fourth-largest municipality in the Apulia region (behind Bari, Taranto, and Foggia) and the largest municipality of the province of Barletta-Andria-Trani. It is known for the 13th-century Castel del Monte.
David Lewis (Canadian actor)
David Lewis (born 4 August 1976) is a Canadian actor, best known for his roles in Hope Island, Icarus, White Chicks, A Fairly Odd Movie: Grow Up, Timmy Turner, Dirk Gently's Holistic Detective Agency, and Child's Play.

White Chicks
White Chicks (stylized as WHiTE CHiCKS) is a 2004 American buddy cop action comedy film directed by Keenen Ivory Wayans from a screenplay co-written by Wayans, Maqueesh Watkins, Andy McElfresh, Michael Anthony Snowden, with additional contributions by and starring Marlon Wayans and Shawn Wayans. It also stars Jaime King, Frankie Faison, Lochlyn Munro, and John Heard. In the film, two black FBI agent brothers go undercover as white women by using whiteface to protect two hotel heiresses from a kidnapping plot targeting socialites.

Principal photography for White Chicks took place in Chilliwack and Victoria in British Columbia, and in The Hamptons in New York. It was theatrically released in the United States on June 23, 2004. The film received generally negative reviews upon release, and was nominated for five Golden Raspberry Awards, including Worst Picture. It grossed over $113.1 million worldwide, and has since come to be regarded as a cult classic.
Columbus School for Girls
Columbus School for Girls (CSG) is a private, all-girls college-preparatory day school located in Bexley, Ohio, United States, an enclave of Columbus. It serves students from 3 years old to 12th grade and it is the only all-girls high school in Franklin County.

National Junior Classical League
The National Junior Classical League (National JCL or NJCL) is a youth organization of secondary school students sponsored and organized by the American Classical League (ACL). Founded in 1936, the NJCL comprises more than 1,000 Latin, Greek and Classical chapters in the United States, Canada, South Korea and the United Kingdom, and with over 45,000 members, is the largest Classical organization in the world today. Its mission is "to encourage an interest in and an appreciation of the language, literature and culture of ancient Greece and Rome and to impart an understanding of the debt of our own culture to that of classical antiquity."

NJCL official colors are Roman purple and gold. It sponsors a Latin Honor Society and Greek Honor Society for high school students.
Bellhop (company)
Bellhop is an American moving company that operates across the United States. It was previously known as Campus Bellhops when founded by Cam Doody and Stephen Vlahos in 2011. Based in Chattanooga, Tennessee, it provides moving services for small-scale moves.

Moving company
A moving company, also known as a removalist or van line, is a company that specializes in assisting individuals and businesses with relocating their goods from one location to another. Moving companies may offer additional or all-inclusive services for relocations, like packing, loading, moving, unloading, unpacking, and arranging of items to be shifted. Additional services may include cleaning services for houses, offices or warehousing facilities.
Reynir Sandgerði
Reynir Sandgerði (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈreiːnɪr̥ ˈsantˌcɛrðɪ]), sometimes known as Reynir S., is an Icelandic sports club based in Sandgerði on the Reykjanes peninsular. The club has active departments in football, basketball and swimming.

Reykjanes
Reykjanes (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈreiːcaˌnɛːs]) is a small headland on the south-western end of the Reykjanes Peninsula in Iceland, giving the main peninsula its name. Volcanic action is responsible for forming the entire peninsula. The nearest town is Keflavik.

The name, Reykjanes, translates to "smoking point,” reykja 'smoking', and nes 'point'. It is named this due to the continuing volcanic activity of the Reykjanes volcanic belt; there are also many other uses of this name in Iceland, e.g. the Reykjanes Peninsula or Reykjanes in Ísafjarðardjúp.
Gustavo da Conceição
Gustavo Dias Vaz da Conceição (born 8 March 1957 in Luanda) is a former Angolan basketball player. Conceição, a small forward, competed for Angola at the 1980 Africa Basketball championship, an event that marked Angola's debut in the African competition arena and at the 1986 FIBA World Championship.

He is a brother of Angola senior police officer Fernando Torres Vaz da Conceição aka Mussolo and of Aldemiro Justino de Aguiar Vaz da Conceição, a longtime spokesman for the President and now the President's secretary for Regional Affairs.

From December 2004 to December 2012, he served two terms as chairman of the Angolan Basketball Federation. As of May, 2005, Gustavo da Conceição has been serving a second term as chairman of the Angolan Olympic Committee. Conceição is also a member of the Angolan parliament for the ruling party MPLA.

National Assembly (Angola)
The National Assembly (Portuguese: Assembleia Nacional) is the legislative branch of the government of Angola. Angola is a  unicameral country so the National Assembly is the only legislative chamber at the national level. The People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA) has held a majority in the Assembly since Angolan independence in 1975.

Multi-party elections were delayed under Jose Eduardo dos Santos quasi-dictatorial rule for decades until the 1992 Angolan general election. Another election wouldn't be held until 2008 due to the second phase of the Angolan Civil War. After a new constitution was adopted in 2010, the first election under this new constitution was held in 2012.
Martin Brady
Martin Brady (born 7 May 1947) is an Irish former Fianna Fáil politician, who served as a Teachta Dála (TD) and Senator from 1997 to 2011.

Born in Virginia, County Cavan, he was a member of Dublin City Council for the Donaghmede area from 1991 to 2004. Brady was a Teachta Dála (TD) for the Dublin North-East constituency. He was first elected to Dáil Éireann at the 1997 general election and retained his seat at the 2002 general election. He lost his seat at the 2007 general election and was also unsuccessful in the Seanad election for the Labour Panel in 2007.

He was nominated by the Taoiseach, Bertie Ahern to the Seanad on 3 August 2007. He was the Fianna Fáil Seanad spokesperson for Social and Family Affairs from 2007 to 2011.

Dublin City Council
Dublin City Council (Irish: Comhairle Cathrach Bhaile Átha Cliath) is the local authority of the city of Dublin in Ireland. As a city council, it is governed by the Local Government Act 2001. Until 2001, the authority was known as Dublin Corporation. The council is responsible for public housing and community, roads and transportation, urban planning and development, amenity and culture and environment. The council has 63 elected members and is the largest local council in Ireland. Elections are held every five years and are by single transferable vote. The head of the council has the honorific title of Lord Mayor. The city administration is headed by a chief executive, Richard Shakespeare. The council meets at City Hall, Dublin.
Den vita duvan
"Den vita duvan" (The White Dove) is an anti-war song written by Lasse Holm and Alf Robertson. It was originally recorded by Mats Rådberg on his 1975 studio album På egen hand. He also scored a Svensktoppen hit with the song, charting for eleven weeks between 4 May-13 July 1975, topping the chart.

The song has also been recorded by Sten & Stanley on the 1987 album Musik, dans & party 2 1987 and by Leif Hagbergs on the album Låtar vi minns 6.

The Mats Rådberg version is one of the titles in the book Tusen svenska klassiker (2009).

Svensktoppen
Svensktoppen (Swedish: [ˈsvɛ̂nːskˌtɔpːɛn]) is a weekly record chart airing on Sveriges Radio. Until January 2003, the songs had to be in the Swedish language. Svensktoppen has aired since 1962, except for the years 1982–1985. In the years leading up to the January 2003 change, the programme was strongly dominated by dansband music.

The first number-one hit song was "Midnattstango" performed by Swedish crooner Lars Lönndahl.

New rules on 17 January 2016 restricted the maximum length for a song to chart to one year.
Mulberry Creek (Current River tributary)
Mulberry Creek is a stream in southern Ripley County in the U.S. state of Missouri.

The stream headwaters arise in southwestern Ripley County at 36°35′05″N 90°55′41″W﻿ / ﻿36.58472°N 90.92806°W﻿ / 36.58472; -90.92806 and the stream flows generally east passing under Missouri Route 21 to its confluence with the Current River about three miles southwest of Doniphan at 36°34′50″N 90°51′27″W﻿ / ﻿36.58056°N 90.85750°W﻿ / 36.58056; -90.85750 and an elevation of 312 feet (95 m).

Mulberry Creek was so named due to the abundance of mulberry trees in the area.

Missouri Route 21
Route 21 is a highway in eastern Missouri. Its northern terminus is at Route 30 in Affton. Its southern terminus is at the Arkansas–Missouri state line (where it continues as Highway 115). In the St. Louis area, it is known as Tesson Ferry Road, which was named after the 19th century proprietor of the ferry across the Meramec River. Route 21 from the Meramec River to Route B, along with Route M, make up the Jefferson County Scenic Byway.

Route M' is a short arterial highway. It is a major east–west route which connects Route 21 to Interstate 55. For the majority of its length, Route M is a four-lane divided highway with limited access. At its junction with Interstate 55, Route M becomes an undivided two lane road until its eastern terminus at U.S. 61/US 67. Route M was rerouted to its present location in the late 1990s after traffic became too great for the original road to handle. The original route is now known as Old Route M.
Drago Štambuk
Drago Štambuk (20 September 1950) is a Croatian physician, poet, essayist and an ambassador.

Štambuk was born in Selca on the island of Brač. He attended the gymnasium in Split, and the University of Zagreb School of Medicine.

Faculty of Medicine, University of Zagreb
The Faculty of Medicine, University of Zagreb (Croatian: Medicinski fakultet u Zagrebu or MEF) is the medical school of the University of Zagreb, located in Zagreb, Croatia. It is the oldest and biggest of the four medical schools in Croatia (the other three being in Osijek, Rijeka and Split). It was established in 1917.
Akine, Anamur
Akine is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Anamur, Mersin Province, Turkey. Its population is 356 (2022). It is situated in the Taurus Mountains along Dragon Creek. Its distance to Anamur is 22 kilometres (14 mi). It is planned that a part of the village (along with Çaltıbükü, Ormancık and Sarıağaç) will be submerged in Alaköprü Dam reservoir.

Mersin Province
Mersin Province (Turkish: Mersin ili), formerly İçel Province (İçel ili), is a province and metropolitan municipality in southern Turkey, on the Mediterranean coast between Antalya and Adana. Its area is 16,010 km2, and its population is 1,916,432 (2022). The provincial capital and the biggest city in the province is Mersin, which is composed of four municipalities and district governorates: Akdeniz, Mezitli, Toroslar and Yenişehir. Next largest is Tarsus, the birthplace of Paul the Apostle. The province is considered to be a part of the geographical, economical and cultural region of Çukurova, which covers the provinces of Mersin, Adana, Osmaniye and Hatay.
Gornja Bitnja
Gornja Bitnja (pronounced [ˈɡoːɾnja ˈbiːtnja]; in older sources Bitinje, Italian: Bittigne di Sopra) is a small settlement on the right bank of the Reka River in the Municipality of Ilirska Bistrica in the Inner Carniola region of Slovenia.

Reka (river)
The Reka (literally, 'river' in Slovene), also the Inner Carniola Reka (Slovene: Notranjska Reka), is a river that starts as Big Creek (Croatian: Vela voda) in Croatia, on the southern side of Mount Snežnik, and flows through western Slovenia, where it is also initially known as Big Creek (Velika voda). The river is 54 km (34 mi) long, of which 51 km (32 mi) is in Slovenia. At the village of Škocjan it disappears underground through Škocjan Caves, flowing 38 km (24 mi) underneath the Slovenian Karst. The river continues as part of the Timavo in Italy. Tracer studies have shown that it also feeds springs elsewhere on the Adriatic Coast between Trieste and Monfalcone. It has a pluvial regime.
Stan Statham
Stan Statham (April 7, 1939 – August 1, 2020) was an American broadcaster and politician from California. He was elected as a Republican to the California State Assembly in 1976, and served until 1994.

Statham was known as an advocate of the State of Jefferson.

California Republican Party
The California Republican Party (CAGOP) is the affiliate of the United States Republican Party in  the U.S. state of California. The party is based in Sacramento, California and is led by chair Corrin Rankin.

As of October 2023, Republicans represent approximately 23.9% of the state's registered voters, placing the party far behind the California Democratic Party which has 46.8% of registered voters. The party is a super minority in the California State Legislature, holding less than 1/3 (33.3%) of the seats in both chambers of the legislature: 20 seats out of 80 in the California State Assembly (23.75%), and 9 seats out of 40 in the California State Senate (23%). The party holds none of the eight statewide executive branch offices, 9 of the state's 52 seats in the U.S. House of Representatives delegation (17%), and neither of California's seats in the U.S. Senate.
Camelback High School
Camelback High School is part of the Phoenix Union High School District.  The campus is located at 4612 North 28th Street, northeast of downtown Phoenix, Arizona, United States. Camelback's enrollment is just over 2,200 students, over 75 percent of whom are Hispanic. The school predominantly serves students from partner elementary districts Balsz, Creighton, Madison and Wilson. During the 2023-2024 school year, Camelback was named a National Demonstration School for the Center for High School Success.

Balsz Elementary School District
The Balsz Elementary School District #31 is a school district on the east side of Phoenix, Arizona. It also includes a portion of Scottsdale. It currently includes five schools, which are:
Pat Tillman Middle School (formerly Balsz Elementary School), established as a one-room school house in 1888; Griffith Elementary School, built in 1951;
David Crockett Elementary School, opened in 1955; Orangedale Early Learning Center (most recently converted from a junior high), and
Brunson-Lee Elementary School, opened in 2003. As of February 2022, the school district's superintendent is George Barnes. The district feeds into Phoenix Union High School District.
Arto Oksanen
Arto Oksanen is a Finnish amateur astronomer and observer at the Nyrölä Observatory, located about 20 kilometers from the city of Jyväskylä in Finland.

He has been actively working in the fields of variable stars, asteroid search programs, gamma ray bursts, CCD photometry and building amateur observatories in Finland. Together with Marko Moilanen he co-discovered the main-belt asteroid 103422 Laurisirén in 2000.

In 2004, Oksanen received the AAVSO Directors Award for his work in variable star research and observing.

In October 2007, Oksanen was the first to find optical afterglow of GRB 071010B which had been detected by Swift satellite only 17 minutes before.

Charge-coupled device
A charge-coupled device (CCD) is an integrated circuit containing an array of linked, or coupled, capacitors. Under the control of an external circuit, each capacitor can transfer its electric charge to a neighboring capacitor. CCD sensors are a major technology used in digital imaging.