hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ventricular-brain ratio
Ventricular-brain ratio (VBR), also known as the ventricle-to-brain ratio or ventricle-brain ratio, is the ratio of total ventricle area to total brain area, which can be calculated with planimetry from brain imagining techniques such as CT scans.
It is a common measure of ventricular dilation or cerebral atrophy in patients with traumatic brain injury or hydrocephalus ex vacuo. VBR also tends to increase with age.

Generally, a higher VBR means a worse prognosis for recovering from a brain injury. For example, VBR is significantly correlated with performance on the Luria-Nebraska neuropsychological battery. Studies have found people with schizophrenia have larger third ventricles and VBR. Correlational studies have found relationships between ventricle-brain ratio and binge eating and inversely with plasma thyroid hormone concentration.

Ventricular system
In neuroanatomy, the ventricular system is a set of four interconnected cavities known as cerebral ventricles in the brain. Within each ventricle is a region of choroid plexus which produces the circulating cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The ventricular system is continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord from the fourth ventricle, allowing for the flow of CSF to circulate.

All of the ventricular system and the central canal of the spinal cord are lined with ependyma, a specialised form of epithelium connected by tight junctions that make up the blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier.
Charing railway station
Charing railway station serves the village of  Charing in Kent, England. It is 53 miles 11 chains (85.5 km) down the line from London Victoria. The station, and all trains serving it, is operated by Southeastern.

The ticket office is staffed only during part of the day; at other times a PERTIS 'permit to travel' machine, located outside the station building on the 'down' side, suffices.

The next station eastwards (towards Ashford) used to be Hothfield; however, it was closed in 1959, although it remained a 'request' stop for railway staff throughout the 1960s.

Permit to travel
In the ticketing system of the British rail network, a Permit to Travel provisionally allows passengers to travel on a train when they have not purchased a ticket in advance and the ticket office of the station they are travelling from is closed, without incurring a penalty fare.

Because some rail passengers may travel without having their tickets checked at any point of their journey, particularly at off-peak times when stations are less likely to be staffed, the obligation to possess a Permit to Travel allows the collection of at least some revenue from passengers who would otherwise travel for free. Most train operating companies (TOCs) have altered their penalty fare policies and have removed many Permit to Travel machines. At larger stations, these stations have also in recent years given way to more sophisticated self-service ticket machines.
2017 PBA draft
The 2017 Philippine Basketball Association (PBA) rookie draft was an event that allowed teams to draft players from the amateur ranks. It was held at the Midtown Atrium, Robinsons Place Manila on October 29, 2017. The league determined the drafting order based on the performance of the member teams from the 2016–17 season, with the worst team picking first. The San Miguel Beermen selected first overall after a trade with the Kia Picanto.

Robinsons Manila
Robinsons Manila (formerly Robinsons Place Manila, also known as Robinsons Ermita and Robinsons Place Ermita), is a large shopping mall located in Ermita, Manila, Philippines. It is the largest Robinsons Mall ever built. Robinsons Manila is located beside the University of the Philippines Manila and the Philippine General Hospital, and is built at the site of the former Ateneo de Manila Campus and Assumption Convent before they respectively moved to Loyola Heights in Quezon City and San Lorenzo Village in Makati. The first major expansion of the mall happened when it opened its Padre Faura Wing in June 2000. The mall was further expanded in 2006 when the nearby Manila Midtown Hotel was demolished to make way for the construction of its Midtown Wing and the Adriatico Place Residences.

Robinsons Manila is connected to two high-rise residential condominiums: the 37-storey twin tower Robinsons Place Residences, and the triple tower Adriatico Place Residences.
Philip Burton (politician)
Philip Burton (26 July 1908 – 3 January 1995) was an Irish Fine Gael politician, farmer and auctioneer.

He was born in the townland of Curragh, Kanturk, County Cork, the son of Francis Burton, a farmer, and Anne Guiney. His maternal uncles were All-for-Ireland League MPs for North Cork Patrick Guiney and John Guiney.

He was elected to Dáil Éireann as a Fine Gael Teachta Dála (TD) for the Cork North-East constituency at the 1961 general election. He was re-elected at the 1965 and 1969 general elections (for Cork Mid from 1969), but lost his seat at the 1973 general election. He was subsequently elected to the 13th Seanad on the Administrative Panel. He retired from politics in 1977.

Administrative Panel
The Administrative Panel is one of five vocational panels which together elect 43 of the 60 members of Seanad Éireann, the senate of the Oireachtas (the legislature of Ireland). The Administrative Panel elects seven senators.
Byrd Blows on Beacon Hill
Byrd Blows on Beacon Hill is an album by trumpeter Donald Byrd recorded at Steve Fassett's Home on Beacon Hill in Boston in 1956 and originally released on Tom Wilson's Transition label in 1957. The album was later released as part of the compilation The Transition Sessions.

Transition Records
Transition Records was a jazz record company and label based in Cambridge, Massachusetts established by Tom Wilson in 1955. A short lived label, Transition announced several albums which were left unreleased, including recordings by Jo Mapes, Yusef Lateef, Pepper Adams and Curtis Fuller, Charles Mingus, Jay Migliori, and Sheila Jordan.

The master for Here Comes Louis Smith (1958) by trumpeter Louis Smith was sold to Blue Note Records, while an unissued Sun Ra recording made by Transition was later released in 1968 by Delmark Records as Sound of Joy. A 1955 session featuring Pepper Adams and John Coltrane was recorded by Transition, but only one song was released on their compilation Jazz in Transition (1956). The recordings were later issued by Blue Note on High Step (1975).
Cameraria gaultheriella
Cameraria gaultheriella is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from British Columbia, Canada, and California, Oregon and Maine in the United States. It is an adventive species in the Netherlands and the United Kingdom, but is not established.

The wingspan is 10–11 mm.

The larvae feed on Gaultheria species, including Gaultheria shallon. They mine the leaves of their host plant.

Gaultheria
Gaultheria is a genus of about 283 species of shrubs in the family Ericaceae. The name commemorates Jean François Gaultier of Quebec, an honour bestowed by the Scandinavian Pehr Kalm in 1748 and taken up by Carl Linnaeus in his Species Plantarum. These plants are native to Asia, Australasia and North and South America. In the past, the Southern Hemisphere species were often treated as the separate genus Pernettya, but no consistent reliable morphological or genetic differences support recognition of two genera, and they are now united in the single genus Gaultheria.
Zachary Senyshyn
Zachary Senyshyn (born March 30, 1997) is a Canadian professional ice hockey forward for the Schwenninger Wild Wings of the Deutsche Eishockey Liga (DEL). Senyshyn was selected by the Boston Bruins in the first round (15th overall) of the 2015 NHL Entry Draft. He was born in Ottawa, Ontario.

Schwenninger Wild Wings
The Schwenninger Wild Wings are a professional German ice hockey team from Villingen-Schwenningen in Baden-Wuerttemberg that was founded on 20 July 1904 and currently plays in the Deutsche Eishockey Liga (DEL). The greatest success of the association was to reach the play-off semi-finals of the first Bundesliga in 1990.  In 1994 the Wild Wings were a founding member of the Deutsche Eishockey Liga.

The Wild Wings play their home games in Helios Arena, a 6,193-seater stadium, and the club's colors are blue and white. The home club of the team is the Schwenningen ice and roller sports club 04 eV (german: Schwenninger Eis- und Rollsportclub 04 eV), which also competes in a junior and senior division and owns a figure skating and inline hockey department. Among the most famous players to have played at Schweninngen include the former captain of the German national ice hockey team Marcel Goc, the Seidenberg brothers, Dennis and Yannic, and former DEL record player Andreas Renz.
Dunaj (band)
Dunaj are a Czech  alternative/art rock band from Brno active initially between 1986 and 1998 and reformed in 2018. The band has included prominent Czech musicians Iva Bittová and Pavel Fajt and influenced many Czech artists, with AllMusic critic François Couture calling their 1991 sophomore album, Rosol, "the blueprint for the future music of [...] most of the Czech avant rock scene". The band's name translates in English to "Danube", referring to the river of this name.

Art rock
Art rock is a subgenre of rock music that aims to separate the genre from popular entertainment, with the term typically being applied as the middle ground between mainstream and experimental rock. Art rock primarily draws influences from the wider art world  and academia; which includes contemporary art, art music, avant-garde art, experimental music, avant-garde music, alongside classical music and jazz.

Critics have defined art rock as a "rejection" of rock music intended solely for the purpose of popular entertainment or dancing. The term was closely associated with a specific period beginning in 1966–67, which became influential to the development of progressive rock.
Joseph Fontaine
Joseph Louis-Rosario Fontaine (26 August 1900 – 16 October 1986) was a Liberal party member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was born at Saint-Damase, Quebec. He was a master butcher, meat cutter, farmer and merchant by career.

Fontaine was mayor of Notre-Dame-de-Saint-Hyacinthe parish between 1938 and 1952. He was first elected to Parliament at the St. Hyacinthe—Bagot riding in the 1945 general election. With a minor spelling change to the riding in 1947, he was re-elected at Saint-Hyacinthe—Bagot in 1949 and 1953. He was defeated by Théogène Ricard of the Progressive Conservative party in the 1957 election.

Saint-Hyacinthe—Bagot—Acton
Saint-Hyacinthe—Bagot—Acton (formerly Saint-Hyacinthe—Bagot) is a federal electoral district that has been represented in the House of Commons of Canada since 1935. It is located in Quebec, Canada. Its population in 2006 was 95,983. In the 2015 election, the winner received the lowest vote percentage of any winning candidate in the country.
Kura (storehouse)
Kura (倉 or 蔵) are traditional Japanese storehouses. They are commonly durable buildings built from timber, stone or clay used to safely store valuable commodities.

Kura in rural communities are normally of simpler construction and used for storing grain or rice. Those in towns are more elaborate, with a structural timber frame covered in a fireproof, clay outer coating. Early religious kura were built in a "log cabin" style, whilst those used later to store gunpowder were constructed from stone.

Earthen kura, dozō  have evolved a particular set of construction techniques in order to make them relatively fireproof.

Nara (city)
Nara (奈良市, Nara-shi; Japanese pronunciation: [naꜜ.ɾa, na.ɾaꜜ.ɕi] ⓘ) is the capital city of Nara Prefecture, Japan. As of 2022, Nara has an estimated population of 367,353 according to World Population Review, making it the largest city in Nara Prefecture and sixth-largest in the Kansai region of Honshu. Nara is a core city located in the northern part of Nara Prefecture bordering the Kyoto Prefecture.

Nara was the capital of Japan during the Nara period from 710 to 784 as the seat of the Emperor before the capital was moved to Nagaoka-kyō, except for the years 740 to 745, when the capital was placed in Kuni-kyō, Naniwa-kyō and Shigaraki Palace. Nara is home to eight major historic temples, shrines, and heritage sites, specifically Tōdai-ji, Saidai-ji, Kōfuku-ji, Kasuga Shrine, Gangō-ji, Yakushi-ji, Tōshōdai-ji, and the Heijō Palace, together with Kasugayama Primeval Forest, collectively form the Historic Monuments of Ancient Nara, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
The Personal Heresy
The Personal Heresy is a series of articles, three each by C. S. Lewis and E. M. W. (Eustace Mandeville Wetenhall) Tillyard, first published on 27 April 1939 by Oxford University Press and later reprinted, also by Oxford University Press, in 1965. The book has been reprinted in 2008 by Concordia University Press with an Introduction by Lewis scholar Bruce L. Edwards and a new Preface by the editor, Joel D. Heck. The central issue of the essays is whether a piece of imaginative writing, particularly poetry, is primarily a reflection of the author's personality (Tillyard's position) or is about something external to the author (Lewis's position). The two positions may be summarized briefly as the subjective position (Tillyard) and the objective position (Lewis). In general, Lewis attempts to keep poetry within the reach of the common person, while Tillyard thinks of the poet as a person who is "a cut above the common person."

Bruce L. Edwards
Bruce L. Edwards (September 5, 1952 – October 28, 2015) was professor emeritus of English and Africana Studies and Associate Vice President for Online Programs and E-learning Services at Bowling Green State University in Bowling Green, Ohio, where he was a faculty member and administrator from 1981 to 2012. He was a leading authority on C. S. Lewis, a British writer and literary scholar.
Sonadia Island
Sonadia Island is a small island of about 9 km2 (3.5 sq mi), off the Cox's Bazar coast of Chittagong Division, Bangladesh. Sonadia is located at Kutubjom Union in Maheshkhali Upazila, 15 km north-west of Cox's Bazar District Headquarters. It is located at latitude 21.28˝-21.33˝ and longitude 91.50˝-91.56˝. Sonadia Maheshkhali is separated from the main island by a canal.

Chittagong Division
Chittagong Division (Bengali: চট্টগ্রাম বিভাগ), officially Chattogram Division, is geographically the largest of the eight administrative Divisions of Bangladesh. It covers the southeasternmost areas of the country, with a total area of 34,529.97 km2 (13,332.10 sq mi) and a population according to the 2022 census of 33,202,326, which made it the second most populous division of Bangladesh and the 45th most populous subnational entity in the world — more populous than all but 43 other countries.
Chittagong Division is home to Cox's Bazar, the longest natural sea beach in the world; as well as St. Martin's Island, Bangladesh's sole coral reef.
Kenneth McCormack
Kenneth Hugh McCormack (28 August 1887 – 25 September 1943) was an English first-class cricketer.

McCormack was born in British India at Mazagaon in August 1887. He was educated in England at Dulwich College, where he played for the cricket eleven. Returning to India, he played first-class cricket for the Europeans cricket team on five occasions in the Bombay Quadrangular Tournament from 1914 to 1916. Playing as a batsman on the Europeans team, he scored 37 runs at an average of 12.33, with a highest score of 22 not out. He was employed in Bombay in the textile industry by Gaddum & Co. McCormack died at Bombay in September 1943.

Bombay Tournament (cricket)
The Bombay Tournament was an annual cricket competition held in British India between 1892 and 1946. Until 1936, matches were played on either the Gymkhana Ground in Bombay or the Deccan Gymkhana Ground in Poona, and then at the Brabourne Stadium in Bombay until the tournament was terminated in 1946. The tournament was known variously as the Bombay Presidency Match, Bombay Triangular, Bombay Quadrangular, and Bombay Pentangular, depending on the number of competing teams.
Rhaetian Railway Ge 6/6 II
The Rhaetian Railway Ge 6/6 II is a class of heavy metre gauge electric locomotives operated by the Rhaetian Railway (RhB), which is the main railway network in the Canton of Graubünden, Switzerland.

The class is so named because it was the second class of locomotives of the Swiss locomotive and railcar classification type Ge 6/6 to be acquired by the Rhaetian Railway. According to that type designation, Ge 6/6 denotes a narrow gauge electric adhesion locomotive with a total of six axles, all of which are drive axles.

The twelve-wheel Ge 6/6 II machines (UIC classification Bo′Bo′Bo′) are currently used mainly to haul goods trains.

Bo-Bo-Bo
A Bo-Bo-Bo or Bo′Bo′Bo′ (UIC classification) is a locomotive with three independent two-axle bogies with all axles powered by separate traction motors. In the AAR system, this is simplified to B-B-B due to the system only taking powered axles into consideration, not traction axles.

The Bo-Bo-Bo configuration is often used to lower axle weight while keeping lateral forces low compared to a locomotive with two three-axle bogies, thus allowing the locomotive to use lightly laid track, in particular narrow-gauge railways.
Birmingham Township
Birmingham Township, Pennsylvania could refer to:

Birmingham Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania

Birmingham Township, Schuyler County, Illinois

Chadds Ford Township, Pennsylvania (formerly Birmingham Township, Delaware County, Pennsylvania prior to 1996)

Chadds Ford Township, Pennsylvania
Chadds Ford Township  (/tʃædsfɔːrd/ Chadds-ford, alternatively /tʃædsfərd/ Chadds-furd) is an affluent township in Delaware County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is located about 25 miles (40 km) southwest of Philadelphia. Prior to 1996, Chadds Ford Township was known as Birmingham Township; the name was changed to allow the township to correspond to both its census-designated place and to distinguish itself from the adjacent Birmingham Township in Chester County.
As of the 2020 census, Chadds Ford Township had a population of 3,972, up from 3,640 at the 2010 census.

Chadds Ford was home to N. C. Wyeth, his son Andrew Wyeth, his daughter Ann Wyeth McCoy, and his grandson Jamie Wyeth. Brandywine Battlefield, the site of the Battle of Brandywine during the American Revolutionary War, is located in the township, along with Brandywine River Museum, which houses much of the Wyeth collection.
French Suites (Bach)
The French Suites, BWV 812–817, are six suites which Johann Sebastian Bach wrote for the clavier (harpsichord or clavichord) between the years of 1722 and 1725. Although Suites Nos. 1 to 4 are typically dated to 1722, it is possible that the first was written somewhat earlier.

Clavichord
The clavichord is a stringed rectangular keyboard instrument that was used largely in the Late Middle Ages, through the Renaissance, Baroque and Classical eras.
Historically, it was mostly used as a practice instrument and as an aid to composition, not being loud enough for larger performances.  The clavichord produces sound by striking brass or iron strings with small metal blades called tangents. Vibrations are transmitted through the bridge(s) to the soundboard.
1995 Indonesia Open – Doubles
The 1995 Indonesia Open – Doubles was an event of the 1995 Indonesia Open men's tennis tournament which held from 9 January until 15 January 1995 at the Gelora Senayan Stadium in Jakarta, Indonesia. The tournament was part of World Series of the 1995 ATP Tour. The doubles draw consisted of 16 teams and four of them were seeded.

Jonas Björkman and Neil Borwick were the defending champions but did not compete in this edition.

The first-seeded team of David Adams and Andrei Olhovskiy won the doubles title after a 7–5, 6–3 victory in the final against the unseeded team of Ronald Agénor and Shuzo Matsuoka.

Neil Borwick
Neil Borwick (born 15 September 1967) is a former professional tennis player from Australia. He was born in Redcliffe, Queensland, Australia.

Borwick enjoyed most of his tennis success while playing doubles. During his career, he won one doubles title. In 1992, he achieved his career-high doubles ranking of world No. 60.
Syldavia
Syldavia (Syldavian: Zyldavja) is a fictional country in The Adventures of Tintin, the comics series by Belgian cartoonist Hergé. It is located in the Balkans and has a rivalry with the fictional neighbouring country of Borduria. Syldavia is depicted in King Ottokar's Sceptre (1938–1939), Destination Moon (1950), Explorers on the Moon (1952–1953, briefly), The Calculus Affair (1954–1956), and Tintin and the Lake of Sharks (1972), and is mentioned in Tintin and the Picaros (1975–1976).

According to Harry Thompson's 2011 Tintin: Hergé and Its Creation, Syldavia "was an idealised portrayal of central Europe between the wars – a benevolent monarchy, peaceful village life, sturdy peasants puffing on large pipes."

Hergé claimed that the country is heavily inspired by the real-world countries of both Albania and Montenegro, and may also be based on larger Balkan nations such as Serbia, Romania and Bulgaria.

Hussar
A hussar was a member of a class of light cavalry, originally from the Kingdom of Hungary during the 15th and 16th centuries. The title and distinctive dress of these horsemen were subsequently widely adopted by light cavalry regiments in European armies during the late 17th and 18th centuries. By the 19th century, hussars were wearing jackets decorated with braid plus shako or busby fur hats and had developed a romanticized image of being dashing and adventurous.

Several modern armies retain the designation of hussars for armored (tank) units. In addition, a number of mounted units survive which wear historical hussar uniforms on parade or while providing ceremonial escorts.
Mikhail Romm (footballer)
Mikhail Davidovich Romm  (Russian: Михаи́л Дави́дович Ромм; born 1891, Vladimir, Imperial Russia – 22 October 1967, Shymkent, Kazakhstan) was a football player in the Soviet Union. He wrote the book I Support Spartak (1965), which contained memoirs of his life as a footballer.

FC Spartak Moscow
FC Spartak Moscow (Russian: Футбольный клуб «Спартак» Москва, romanized: Futbolʹnyy klub «Spartak» Moskva, pronounced [spɐrˈtak mɐˈskva]) is a Russian professional football club based in Moscow. Having won 12 Soviet championships (second only to Dynamo Kyiv) and 10 Russian championships (a record jointly held with Zenit St Petersburg), it is the country's most successful club. They have also won a record 10 Soviet Cups, 4 Russian Cups and one Russian Super Cup. Spartak have also reached the semi-finals of UEFA Europa League, UEFA Champions League and the UEFA Cup Winner's Cup.
Cossatot Community College
Cossatot Community College of the University of Arkansas (CCCUA) is a public community college serving southwest Arkansas. Its main campus is located in the foothills of the Ouachita Mountains in De Queen, Arkansas.

Ouachita Mountains
The Ouachita Mountains (/ˈwɒʃɪtɔː/), simply referred to as the Ouachitas, are a mountain range in western Arkansas and southeastern Oklahoma. They are formed by a thick succession of highly deformed Paleozoic strata constituting the Ouachita Fold and Thrust Belt, one of the important orogenic belts of North America. The Ouachitas continue in the subsurface to the northeast, where they make a poorly understood connection with the Appalachians and to the southwest, where they join with the Marathon uplift area of West Texas. Together with the Ozark Plateaus, the Ouachitas form the U.S. Interior Highlands. The highest natural point is Mount Magazine at 2,753 feet (839 m).

The Ouachita Mountains is a Level III ecoregion designated by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The region has been subdivided into six Level IV ecoregions.