hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Howard County Housing and Community Development
Howard County Housing is the umbrella organization for the Howard County Department of Housing and Community Development and the Howard County Housing Commission. The Department is Howard County Government’s housing agency, and the Commission is a public housing authority and non-profit. Both have boards that meet monthly.

The Department administers various federal, state, and local funds which provide affordable housing and support for community development activities. Federal program examples are HUD's Community Development Block Grant and HOME Investment Partnerships Programs.

Community Development Block Grant
The Community Development Block Grant (CDBG), one of the longest-running programs of the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, funds local community development activities with the stated goal of providing affordable housing, anti-poverty programs, and infrastructure development. CDBG, like other block grant programs, differs from categorical grants, made for specific purposes, in that they are subject to less federal oversight and are largely used at the discretion of the state and local governments and their subgrantees.
Kedara
Kedara is a 2019 Indian Bengali language slice of life film directed by Indraadip Dasgupta, and produced by Samiran Das under the banner of Kaleidoscope. Starring Kaushik Ganguly and Rudranil Ghosh, it was released on 1 November 2019. This is the directorial debut film of Indraadip Dasgupta. Its music was composed by Arijit Singh.

Slice of life
Slice of life is a depiction of mundane experiences in art and entertainment. In theater, slice of life refers to naturalism, while in literary parlance it is a narrative technique in which a seemingly arbitrary sequence of events in a character's life is presented, often lacking plot development, conflict, and exposition, as well as often having an open ending.
Manikantana Mahime
Manikantana Mahime is a 1993 Indian Kannada-language film, directed by K. Shankar and produced by V. Swaminathan. The film stars Vishnuvardhan, Sarath Babu, Srikanth and Srinivasa Murthy. The film has musical score by M. S. Viswanathan. The film was dubbed into Tamil as Varuvaan Manikandan and was dubbed and partly reshot in Malayalam as Sabarimalayil Thanga Suryodayam with added sequences featuring Madhu and Shanthi Krishna.

Srikanth (actor, born 1940)
Srikanth (19 March 1940 – 12 October 2021) was an Indian actor who has performed in around 200 Tamil films since his debut in 1965. He is also referred to as Vennira Aadai Srikanth. He has played the lead hero in around 50 films between 1965 and 1979 and has also played supporting roles in films with actors Sivaji Ganesan, Muthuraman, Ravichandran and Jaishankar in the lead roles. In the late seventies to early nineties, he appeared as a villain opposite actors including Sivakumar, Rajinikanth and Kamal Haasan.
Longene
Longene (Chinese: 龙井) is a Linux-based operating system kernel intended to be binary compatible with application software and device drivers made for Microsoft Windows and Linux. As of 1.0-rc2, it consists of a Linux kernel module implementing aspects of the Windows kernel and a modified Wine distribution designed to take advantage of the more native interface. Longene is written in the C programming language and is free and open source software. It is licensed under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 (GPLv2).

Although the project is in the alpha stage of development as of 2015, many Windows programs already work well.

Its official website was gone in August, but was restored in 2019. Meanwhile, the source code remains available on GitHub.

Loongson
Loongson (simplified Chinese: 龙芯; traditional Chinese: 龍芯; pinyin: Lóngxīn; lit. 'Dragon Core') is the name of a family of general-purpose, MIPS architecture-compatible, later in-house LoongArch architecture microprocessors, as well as the name of the Chinese fabless company (Loongson Technology) that develops them. The processors are alternately called Godson processors, which is described as its academic name.
Ka Yee Christina Lee
Ka Yee Christina Lee (Chinese: 利嘉宜) is Hong Kong-born American chemist. She is Executive Vice President for Strategic Initiatives and the David Lee Shillinglaw Distinguished Service Professor in the Department of Chemistry at the University of Chicago. She works on membrane biophysics, including protein–lipid interactions, Alzheimer's disease and respiratory distress syndrome. She is a Fellow of the American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering and American Physical Society.

Pulmonary surfactant
Pulmonary surfactant is a surface-active complex of phospholipids and proteins formed by type II alveolar cells. The proteins and lipids that make up the surfactant have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions. By adsorbing to the air-water interface of alveoli, with hydrophilic head groups in the water and the hydrophobic tails facing towards the air, the main lipid component of the surfactant, dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC), reduces surface tension.

As a medication, pulmonary surfactant is on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines, the most important medications needed in a basic health system.
Shur Mahi
Shur Mahi (Persian: شور ماهي, also Romanized as Shūr Māhī) is a village in Anaran Rural District, in the Central District of Dehloran County, Ilam Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 98, in 18 families. The village is populated by Lurs.

Ilam province
Ilam Province (Persian: استان ایلام) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. Its capital is the city of Ilam.

The province is in the western part of the country in Region 4 and covers 20,164.11 km2 (7,785.41 mi2). It shares 425 km (264 mi) of the border with Iraq, and also borders on the provinces of Kermanshah, Lorestan, and Khuzestan.
Greg Litton
Jon Gregory Litton (born July 13, 1964) is a former utility player in Major League Baseball  for the San Francisco Giants, Seattle Mariners, and Boston Red Sox. The Giants drafted Litton in the first round with the 10th overall selection of the 1984 MLB draft.

Litton most often played second base, the outfield, and third base. He also played shortstop, first base, and  catcher, and made one appearance as a pitcher. His personal high for playing time was during the 1990 season, when he was in 93 games and made 220 plate appearances.

Utility player (baseball)
In baseball, a utility player or utility man is a player who has the ability to play more than one position in the field and is primarily used as a substitute. The term super utility player may be used to refer to a player who can play all or most positions, or a player who regularly appears in the starting lineup at different positions.
Habib Achour
Habib Achour (Arabic:الحبيب عاشور ; February 25, 1913 in Kerkennah Islands – March 14, 1999 in Kerkennah Islands) was a Tunisian trade unionist. As vice president of the International Confederation of Free Trade Unions, Achour was among the founders of the Tunisian General Labour Union (UGTT) in 1946, which he directed three times: from 1963 to 1965, from 1970 to 1978, and from 1984 to 1989

International Confederation of Free Trade Unions
The International Confederation of Free Trade Unions (ICFTU) was an international trade union. It came into being on 7 December 1949 following a split within the World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU), and was dissolved on 31 October 2006 when it merged with the World Confederation of Labour (WCL) to form the International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC).

Prior to being dissolved, the ICFTU had a membership of 157 million members in 225 affiliated organisations in 148 countries and territories.
Grzegorz Guzik
Grzegorz Guzik (born 20 August 1991) is a Polish biathlete. He competed at the Biathlon World Championships 2013 in Nové Město na Moravě. He took part at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, competing in sprint and individual.

In July 2014, Guzik married fellow biathlete Krystyna Pałka.

Biathlon World Championships 2013
The 46th Biathlon World Championships was held in Nové Město na Moravě, Czech Republic, from 7 to 17 February 2013.

There were a total of 11 competitions: sprint, pursuit, individual, mass start and relay races for both men, women and a mixed relay. All events during the championships also counted for the Biathlon World Cup season.

Norway took a record 8 out of 11 gold medals.
George Castle (lacrosse)
George Castle (born October 8, 1984) from Glenside, Pennsylvania, is an American lacrosse player previously with the Philadelphia Wings of National Lacrosse League. He is a defensive midfielder.  A William Penn Charter School graduate, Castle played collegiate lacrosse with the Johns Hopkins Blue Jays where he helped his team win two national championships.

In December 2008, he joined the Philadelphia Wings as a free agent for the 2009 season, primarily as a defensive player. Castle's father, J.R. Castle, played on the Wings' inaugural team during its 1987 season.

In 2012, Castle was selected in the 4th round of the 2012 North American Lacrosse League draft (23rd overall) and played for the Stickhorses in their 2013 NALL campaign.

The Radotin Custodes (Czech Republic) also selected Castle 17th overall in the European Lacrosse League draft  where he also competed in the 2013 ELL season.

National Lacrosse League
The National Lacrosse League (NLL) is a professional box lacrosse league in North America. The league comprises 14 teams – 7 in the United States and 7 in Canada. The NLL is headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

The NLL ranks third in average attendance for pro indoor sports worldwide, behind only the National Hockey League (NHL) and National Basketball Association (NBA). Unlike other box lacrosse leagues, which play in the summer, the NLL plays its games in the winter and spring, from December to June. Each year, the playoff teams battle for the National Lacrosse League Cup. The NLL has averaged between 8,900 and 10,700 spectators per game each year since 2004.
Newport Dodgers
The Newport Dodgers were a Northeast Arkansas League baseball team based in Newport, Arkansas, USA that played from 1936 to 1941. They were affiliated with the St. Louis Cardinals from 1936 to 1937, the Detroit Tigers in 1939 and the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1940–1941. They played their home games at Mann Field. The Newport Pearl Diggers began Northeast Arkansas League play in 1909.

Pete Reiser and Johnny Sain are the only two known major leaguers to play for the team when it was known as the Cardinals.

Johnny Sain
John Franklin Sain (September 25, 1917 – November 7, 2006) was an American right-handed pitcher in Major League Baseball who was best known for teaming with left-hander Warren Spahn on the Boston Braves teams from 1946 to 1951. He was the runner-up for the National League's Most Valuable Player Award in the Braves' pennant-winning season of 1948, after leading the National League in wins, complete games and innings pitched. He later became further well known as one of the top pitching coaches in the majors.
Bé River
The Bé River (Vietnamese: Sông Bé) is a river of southern Vietnam. It flows through Bình Phước Province, Bình Dương Province and Đồng Nai Province for approximately 350 kilometres. It starts from Thác Mơ lake in Phước Long town of Bình Phước Province and empties to Đồng Nai River near Trị An Dam.

Phước Long, Bình Phước
Phước Long is a district-level town in Bình Phước Province, in the Southeast region of Vietnam. It was the site of the Battle of Phước Long, a decisive battle during the Vietnam War.

The current administrative unit was established in 2009 from part of former Phước Long District, including Thác Mơ township and Phước Bình township. It covers 119.38 km2 and has a population of 81.200 as of 2022. Bù Gia Mập District was established from the other part of Phước Long District.

The town has seven subdivisions, including Long Thủy, Thác Mơ, Sơn Giang, Phước Bình, Long Phước, and the communes of Long Giang and Phước Tín.

It borders Bù Đăng District to the east, Bù Gia Mập District to the north and Phú Riềng District to the west and south.
Fariburz I
Fakhr al-Din Fariburz ibn Sallar (Persian: فریبرز بن سالار), better simply known as Fariburz I (فریبرز), was the sixteenth Shah of Shirvan, ruling from 1063 to 1096. His reign saw many major political balance changes in Caucasus, including expansion by the Seljuqs. He was considered a ruler with great diplomatic skills, and his kingdom extended from Mughan to Kumuk and Alania.

Mughan plain
Mughan plain (Azerbaijani: Muğan düzü, مغان دوزو; Persian: دشت مغان, romanized: Dasht-i Mughān) is a plain stretching from northwestern Iran to the southern part of the Republic of Azerbaijan. It is located on the bank of the Aras river extending to Iran.

The section of the Mughan plain which lies in the Republic of Azerbaijan has the higher density of irrigation canals.
Parsabad, Jafarabad, Germi and Aslan Duz cities lie in the Iranian part, while Cəlilabad, Bilasuvar, Saatli, and Sabirabad cities lie in Azerbaijani side.

By the Chalcolithic period (c. 4500–3500 BCE), the Mughan Plain was integrated into the sphere of the Kura–Araxes culture, a major cultural phenomenon in the South Caucasus known for its red-black pottery and early metallurgical development. These communities built fortified settlements, cultivated crops, and developed trans-regional trade networks.
Section Eleven of the Constitution of South Africa
Section Eleven of the Constitution of South Africa, part of the Bill of Rights, guarantees the right to life. This section has been interpreted to prohibit the death penalty, but not to prohibit abortion. It also has important implications for euthanasia, self-defence, the use of force by law enforcement, and the provision of life-saving healthcare.

Under the heading "Life", the section states, in full, "Everyone has the right to life." Unlike the right to life in many other human rights instruments, this section is unqualified; it does not make an exception for the death penalty, but neither does it explicitly state that the death penalty is forbidden.

Right to life
The right to life is the belief that a human (or other animal) has the right to live and, in particular, should not be killed by another entity. The concept of a right to life arises in debates on issues including: capital punishment, with some people seeing it as immoral; abortion, with some considering the killing of a human embryo or fetus immoral; euthanasia, in which the decision to end one's life outside of natural means is seen as incorrect; meat production and consumption, in which the breeding and killing of animals for their meat is seen by some people as an infringement on their rights; and in killings by law enforcement, which are seen by some as an infringement on those persons' right to live. However, individuals may disagree in which of these areas the principle of a right to life might apply.
Arthur Ruysschaert
Arthur Ruysschaert (born 21 February 1910 in Bruges – died 10 January 1995 in Bruges) was a Belgian footballer who played as a striker.

Ruysschaert made his debut at the highest level of Belgian football on 18 April 1926, when he played with Cercle Brugge in a 3–2 home win against RSC Anderlecht. With Cercle he won the league twice (1927, 1930), the cup once (1927) and the second division once (1938).

Arthur Ruysschaert is the only player who has the top 10 most appearances ever for Cercle Brugge as well as is in the list of the top 10 highest goals scorers for the club.

He ended his career with Belgian coast side VG Oostende. After his footballing career, Ruysschaert became youth coach at Cercle Brugge. He also became the interim manager of Cercle during the 1953–54 season because of the suspension of Louis Versyp.

Belgian Cup
The Belgian Cup (French: Coupe de Belgique; Dutch: Beker van België; German: Belgischer Fußballpokal) is the main knockout football competition in Belgium, run by the Royal Belgian FA. The competition started in 1908 with provincial selections as the "Belgian Provinces Cup". Starting from 1912 only actual clubs were allowed to partake. As of 1964, the Belgian Cup has been organised annually. Since the 2015–16 edition, the Belgian Cup is called the Croky Cup, for sponsorship purposes. The final traditionally takes place at the Heysel Stadium in Brussels.

The most successful cup club is Club Brugge with 12 Belgian Cups in their possession. The current champions are Club Brugge, having beaten rivals Anderlecht 2–1 in the 2025 final. The winners are awarded a challenge cup and qualify for the UEFA Europa League and the Belgian Supercup.
Matthew McHale
Matthew McHale (born 1 May 1996) is a Scottish boxer. He competed at the 2022 Commonwealth Games in the boxing competition, being awarded the bronze medal in the men's bantamweight event. He had previously competed at the 2021 AIBA World Boxing Championships in the bantamweight event, but without winning a medal. McHale turned professional in November 2022. He fought Brandon Daord for the vacant British super-flyweight title at the Caledonia Gladiators Arena in East Kilbride on 8 February 2025, losing by unanimous decision.

Playsport Arena
Playsport Arena is a two-stage sports and entertainment arena in East Kilbride, Scotland. The main arena has a seating capacity for 6,000 spectators. The arena's main tenants are the Caledonia Gladiators basketball teams, who moved from their previous homes at the Emirates Arena in Glasgow (men's team) and the Lagoon Centre in Paisley (women's team) for the 2023–24 season.
Rim Chung
Rim Chung (born March 15, 1934) was a Korean-American fly fisherman. He was born in North Korea. As a child, Chung fished for snapper and rock bass located in the sea with a bamboo rod, according to his friend Frenec Horvath. During the Korean War, Chung and his family fled to South Korea where he lived for seventeen years. Chung moved to Denver, Colorado in 1968 on a business visa.

Rock bass
The rock bass (Ambloplites rupestris), also known as the rock perch, goggle-eye, red eye, and black perch, is a freshwater fish native to east-central North America. This red-eyed fish is a species of freshwater fish in the sunfish family (Centrarchidae) of order Centrarchiformes and can be distinguished from other similar species by the six spines in the anal fin (other sunfish have only three anal fin spines).
Labrador duck
The Labrador duck (Camptorhynchus labradorius) is an extinct North American duck species. It has the distinction of being the first known endemic North American bird species to become extinct after the Columbian Exchange, with the last reported sighting occurring in 1878 in Elmira, New York, and the last preserved specimen was shot in the fall of 1875 in Long Island, New York, by J.G. Bell. It was already a rare duck before European settlers arrived, and as a result of its rarity, information on the Labrador duck is not abundant, although some, such as its habitat, characteristics, dietary habits and reasons behind its extinction, are known. There are 55 specimens of the Labrador duck preserved in museum collections around the globe.

Elmira, New York
Elmira (/ɛlˈmaɪrə/) is a city in and the county seat of Chemung County, New York, United States. It is the principal city of the Elmira, New York, metropolitan statistical area, which encompasses Chemung County. The population was 26,523 at the 2020 census, down from 29,200 at the 2010 census, a decline of more than 7 percent.

The City of Elmira is in the south-central part of the county, surrounded on three sides by the Town of Elmira.  It is in the Southern Tier of New York, a short distance north of the Pennsylvania state line.

The city was the site of the Elmira Prison, a prisoner-of-war camp that held over 12,000 captured Confederate soldiers during the American Civil War. Elmira College is located within the city.
Chicago Colleens
The Chicago Colleens were a women's professional baseball team who played in the All-American Girls Professional Baseball League (AAGPBL) from 1948 to 1951, evolving into a development team. The team was based Chicago, Illinois and played their home games at Shewbridge Field.

W. C. Madden
W.C. Madden is a retired journalist, teacher and author who has written multiple books about baseball, including two about the AAGPBL. He has also written about the Western League and the College World Series. While much of his work is based on baseball, he has also written about the history of Indianapolis, Indiana.
Cucuron
Cucuron (French pronunciation: [kykyʁɔ̃]) is a village (commune) in the Vaucluse department, of the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region, in southeastern France. Its inhabitants are called Cucuronnais.

Located on the south side of the Luberon mountain range, Cucuron is surrounded by slopes of grapevines and olive trees. There are several cooperatives in the village, including for wine and olive oil production. The present village dates from earlier than the 11th century and suffered a serious plague epidemic in 1720. Its primary features are a long pond (l'étang) that occupies its main square, the ruins of a medieval keep, and two churches.

Cucuron features in two movies: A Good Year and The Horseman on the Roof (French: Le hussard sur le toit).

Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur (commonly shortened to PACA), sometimes  known as Région Sud, is one of the eighteen administrative regions of France, located at the far southeastern point of the mainland. The main prefecture and largest city is Marseille, France's second largest city proper after Paris and the 2nd largest urban area when combined with Aix-en-Provence with over 1.9 million residents.
Suvash Gurung
Suvash Gurung (born 7 September 1991), also known as Subash Gurung, is a Nepalese professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Martyr's Memorial A-Division League club Sankata Boys S.C. and the Nepal national team. He made his international debut against Kuwait on 19 November 2019 in FIFA World Cup qualification match held in Thimphu.

Kuwait national football team
The Kuwait national football team (Arabic: منتخب الكويت لكرة القدم, romanized: muntakhab alkuayt likurat alqadam) represents Kuwait in international football and it is controlled by the Kuwait Football Association. Kuwait made its only FIFA World Cup appearance in 1982 and managed to get one draw in the group stage against Czechoslovakia. In the AFC Asian Cup, Kuwait reached the final in 1976 and won the tournament four years later in 1980.

The Kuwait national football team has faced multiple suspensions by FIFA due to governmental interference and failure to comply with regulations, notably in 2007, 2008, and 2015. These suspensions, which were later lifted after legal reforms, caused the team to miss major tournaments, including the 2018 FIFA World Cup and 2019 AFC Asian Cup qualifiers, and led to a significant drop in the country's FIFA World Rankings. In 2017, following the lifting of its suspension, Kuwait hosted the Gulf Cup.
Don-Tan
Don-Tan is an arrondissement in the Zou department of Benin. It is an administrative division under the jurisdiction of the commune of Zagnanado. According to the population census conducted by the Institut National de la Statistique Benin on February 15, 2002, the arrondissement had a total population of 4,331.

Institut national de la statistique et de l'analyse économique
The Institut national de la statistique et de l'analyse économique (INSAE) is a national institute of Benin, which is dedicated to collecting data in the country. It collects data on demographics, population, climatology, education,  employment, etc.