hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Orto Botanico Conservativo Francesco Busnello
The Orto Botanico Conservativo Francesco Busnello (4000 m2) is a botanical garden designed by the Accademia Trevigiana per il Territorio, and located on Viale Nazioni Unite, Treviso, Veneto, Italy. Starting from 2022 it is open daily and operated by NOI San Paolo.

The garden was established in 1987, and named in honor of Italy's first heart donor. In collaboration with the University of Padua, the garden aims to conserve genomes of traditional varieties of fruit plants now in danger of extinction. It contains about 100 plants representing 24 species, including Cornus mas, Corylus avellana, Crataegus azarolus, Cydonia oblonga, Diospyros kaki, Ficus carica, Juglans regia, Laurus nobilis, Malus domestica, Morus alba, Prunus armeniaca, Prunus avium, Prunus cerasifera, Prunus cerasus, Prunus domestica, Prunus mahaleb, Prunus persica, Prunus spinosa, Punica granatum, Pyrus communis, Rosa canina, Rubus ulmifolius, Vitis labrusca, and Ziziphus jujuba.

Prunus armeniaca
Prunus armeniaca is the most commonly cultivated apricot species. The native range is somewhat uncertain due to its extensive prehistoric cultivation. Genetic studies indicate Central Asia is the center of origin. It is extensively cultivated in many countries and has escaped into the wild in many places. The specific epithet armeniaca refers to the country of Armenia in Western Asia.
Rebecca Hammond Lard
Rebecca Hammond Lard (Laird) (born Rebecca Hammond; March 7, 1772 – September 28, 1855),  is called by some critics "the first poet in Indiana". Her poetry reflects on the lives of the early people in Indiana and the colonists in Vermont.   
Lard's works are mainly religious and meditative in tone, but draw their inspiration in part from the Bucolics and Georgics of Virgil. She is best known for Indiana's first book of poetry, On the Banks of the Ohio, a poem she is believed to have written.

Georgics
The Georgics (/ˈdʒɔːrdʒɪks/ JOR-jiks; Latin: Georgica [ɡeˈoːrɡɪka]) is a poem by Latin poet Virgil, likely published in 29 BCE. As the name suggests (from the Greek word γεωργικά, geōrgiká, i.e. "agricultural [things]"), the subject of the poem is agriculture; but far from being an example of peaceful rural poetry, it is a work characterized by tensions in both theme and purpose.

The Georgics is considered Virgil's second major work, following his Eclogues and preceding the Aeneid. The poem draws on a variety of prior sources and has influenced many later authors from antiquity to the present.
Zero Focus
Zero Focus (ゼロの焦点, Zero no shōten) is a 1961 Japanese crime drama film directed by Yoshitarō Nomura, and co-written by Shinobu Hashimoto and Yoji Yamada. It is based on the novel of the same name by Seichō Matsumoto. A remake of the film was released in 2009.

Shinobu Hashimoto
Shinobu Hashimoto (Japanese: 橋本 忍, Hashimoto Shinobu; 18 April 1918 – 19 July 2018) was a Japanese screenwriter, director and producer. A frequent collaborator of Akira Kurosawa, he wrote the scripts for critically acclaimed films such as Rashomon and Seven Samurai, as well as the Samurai films Harakiri (1962) and Hitokiri (released in the US as Tenchu!) (1969).
Bluegrass Ramble
Bluegrass Ramble is the fourth studio album by American bluegrass musician Bill Monroe and his band, the Blue Grass Boys. Released on June 11, 1962, by Decca Records, it features 12 songs recorded across four sessions at Bradley Film & Recording Studio in Nashville, Tennessee during November and December 1961, produced by Owen Bradley. One song from the album was released as a single: the Monroe-written "Toy Heart" on July 2, 1962.

Bill Monroe
William Smith Monroe (/mənˈroʊ/ mən-ROH; September 13, 1911 – September 9, 1996) was an American mandolinist, singer, and songwriter who created the bluegrass music genre. For this reason, he is often called the "Father of Bluegrass".

The genre takes its name from his band, the Blue Grass Boys, who named their group for the bluegrass of Monroe's home state of Kentucky. He described the genre as "Scottish bagpipes and ole-time fiddlin'. It's Methodist and Holiness and Baptist. It's blues and jazz, and it has a high lonesome sound."
Salman, Ordu
Salman is a neighbourhood of the municipality and district of Akkuş, Ordu Province, Turkey. Its population is 1,877 (2022). Before the 2013 reorganisation, it was a town (belde). It is situated in the mountainous area of Black Sea Region.

According to town page, Salman was founded by Chepni people, a Turkmen tribe. It was named after Selman Pasha who was a commander of Danishmends (11-12th century)  After the disintegration of Seljuks of Turkey, the area around the settlement was captured by the beylik (principality) of Hacıemiroğulları (see Beyliks of Canik).  But in the 15th century it was incorporated into Ottoman realm. In 1989 it was declared a seat of township. The town is surrounded by forests . In the limited agricultural land hazelnut, corn and kale are among the main crops. Beehiving and carpet weaving are other economic activities.

Black Sea region
The Black Sea region (Turkish: Karadeniz Bölgesi) (sometimes referred to as Pontus or Pontos) is a geographical region of Turkey. The largest city in the region is Samsun. Other big cities are Zonguldak, Trabzon, Ordu, Tokat, Giresun, Rize, Amasya and Sinop.

It is bordered by the Marmara Region to the west, the Central Anatolia Region to the south, the Eastern Anatolia Region to the southeast, the Republic of Georgia to the northeast, and the Black Sea to the north.
Monument to Giovanni delle Bande Nere, Florence
The Monument to Giovanni delle Bande Nere is an Italian Renaissance sculpture in marble, by Baccio Bandinelli and his workshop, now in Piazza San Lorenzo in Florence, Tuscany, Italy. The work took from 1540 to after 1560 to carve, and the base and statue, though always meant to be together, were only so placed in 1850.

The imposing Giovanni sits, somewhat uncomfortably, wearing a metallic cuirass on his torso. Without a helmet or army boots, he holds a baton of command on his knee. The plinth is almost more decorative with festoons and bucranium, and Doric columns at the corners.  One bas-relief appears to show soldiers bringing booty and captives before a sitting ruler. Others depict the Medici coat of arms. The corners have doric pilaster-columns.

Festoon
A festoon (from French feston, Italian festone, from a Late Latin festo, originally a festal garland, Latin festum, feast) is a wreath or garland hanging from two points, and in architecture typically a carved ornament depicting conventional arrangement of flowers, foliage or fruit bound together and suspended by ribbons. The motif is sometimes known as a swag when depicting fabric or linen.

In modern English the verb forms, especially "festooned with", are often used very loosely or figuratively to mean having any type of fancy decoration or covering.
Bydgoszcz Cathedral
St. Martin and St. Nicholas Cathedral (Polish: Katedra św. Marcina i Mikołaja), or simply known as Bydgoszcz Cathedral, is a Catholic church built in the 15th century. It has a Gothic style, serves as a parish church and cathedral of the Diocese of Bydgoszcz. It also houses a shrine dedicated to the Virgin Mary. Its address is 10 Farna Street.

It is the most valuable architectural monument of the Old Town, standing on the Brda riverside. It was elevated to cathedral on March 25, 2004, by decision of then Pope John Paul II. Since November 3, 1960, the cathedral has been registered on the Kuyavian-Pomeranian heritage list.

Vault (architecture)
In architecture, a vault (French voûte, from Italian volta) is a self-supporting arched form, usually of stone or brick, serving to cover a space with a ceiling or roof. As in building an arch, a temporary support is needed while rings of voussoirs are constructed and the rings placed in position. Until the topmost voussoir, the keystone, is positioned, the vault is not self-supporting. Where timber is easily obtained, this temporary support is provided by centering consisting of a framed truss with a semicircular or segmental head, which supports the voussoirs until the ring of the whole arch is completed.

The Mycenaeans (ca. 1800–1050 BC) were known for their tholos tombs, also called beehive tombs, which were underground structures with conical vaults. This type of vault is one of the earliest evidences of curved brick architecture without the use of stone arches, and its construction represented an innovative technique for covering circular spaces.
Ctenophryne aequatorialis
Ctenophryne aequatorialis (common name: Cuenca Nelson frog, reflecting its earlier placement in Nelsonophryne) is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. It is endemic to the Andes of Ecuador and known from the Cuenca basin in Azuay Province southward to Saraguro Canton (northern Loja Province) at elevations of 2,450–2,650 m (8,040–8,690 ft) asl.

Saraguro Canton
Saraguro (also Sarakuru) is a canton of Ecuador, located in Loja Province.  Its capital is the town of Saraguro. The area of the canton is 1,085 square kilometres (419 sq mi). The capital of the canton is the parish and town of Saraguro.
Death of Anurag Tiwari
Anurag Tiwari (also known as Anurag Tewari), was an IAS officer of Karnataka cadre. He was found dead in Lucknow on 17 May 2017. His death was investigated by the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI).

In 2019, the CBI submitted a report to its special court claiming that he died from an "accidental fall", which caused him to experience suffocation. The investigation took around twenty months since the CBI began investigation in 2017 or later. However, his family members declined the submitted report alleging he was murdered due to his role in multi-crore scam in food and civil supplies in Bengaluru where he was appointed as a commissioner.

Asphyxia
Asphyxia or asphyxiation is a condition of deficient supply of oxygen to the body which arises from abnormal breathing. Asphyxia causes generalized hypoxia, which affects all the tissues and organs, some more rapidly than others. There are many circumstances that can induce asphyxia, all of which are characterized by the inability of a person to acquire sufficient oxygen through breathing for an extended period of time. Asphyxia can cause coma or death. In 2015, about 9.8 million cases of unintentional suffocation occurred which resulted in 35,600 deaths. The word asphyxia is from Ancient Greek α- "without" and σφύξις sphyxis, "squeeze" (throb of heart).
Citra Award for Best Adapted Screenplay
The Citra Award for Best Adapted Screenplay (Indonesian: Piala Citra untuk Penulis Skenario Adaptasi Terbaik) is an award presented annually at the Indonesian Film Festival since 2006. Together with the Citra Award for Best Original Screenplay, it replaced the integrated Citra Award for Best Screenplay.

In 2019, Gina S. Noer became the first person to win both Best Original Screenplay and Best Adapted Screenplay in the same year for her work on Cemara's Family and Two Blue Stripes.

Two Blue Stripes
Two Blue Stripes (Indonesian: Dua Garis Biru) is a 2019 Indonesian teen drama film directed by Gina S. Noer and produced by Starvision Plus. The film mainly deals with teen pregnancy and features Angga Yunanda and Zara JKT48 in starring roles.
Japan–Palau relations
Diplomatic relations are maintained between Japan and Palau, a small island country in the western Pacific Ocean that was once a trust territory governed by imperial Japan. There is a Japanese embassy at Ngerekebesang in Koror, and a Palauan embassy in Minato-ku, Tokyo.

Ngerekebesang
Ngerekebesang Island (alternative names: Arakabesan) is an island in the state of Koror, Palau, where the office of the President of Palau was located until the capital was moved to Ngerulmud in October 2006. There are three towns: Meyuns, Echang and Ngerekebesang Hamlet.

Satellite office of the president is located in Meuyns.
Snyder–Robinson syndrome
Snyder–Robinson syndrome (SRS) is an extremely rare inherited genetic disorder characterized by muscular and skeletal abnormalities, varying degrees of intellectual disability, seizures, and slow development.

SRS is caused by a mutated SMS gene at chromosome Xp21.3-p22.12, which carries instructions for producing the enzyme spermine synthase. Spermine synthase in turn helps the body produce spermine, a polyamine critical to cell processes such as cell division, tissue repair, and apoptosis. The resulting shortage of spermine in cells causes problems with development and brain function, though the exact mechanism is not understood.

The syndrome has also been referred to as Snyder–Robinson X-linked mental retardation syndrome (MRXSSR) and spermine synthase deficiency. SRS exclusively affects males. Only about ten families currently have a child with SRS, and 50 people have been diagnosed worldwide since 1969.

Heredity
Heredity, also called inheritance or biological inheritance, is the passing on of traits from parents to their offspring; either through asexual reproduction or sexual reproduction, the offspring cells or organisms acquire the genetic information of their parents. Through heredity, variations between individuals can accumulate and cause species to evolve by natural selection. The study of heredity in biology is genetics.
The Temple (Washington)
The Temple is an 8,295-foot (2,528-metre) granite mountain summit located in Chelan County of Washington state. The Temple is part of The Enchantments, set within the Alpine Lakes Wilderness. The Temple belongs to the Stuart Range which is a subset of the Cascade Range. The nearest higher peak is Enchantment Peak, 1.55 miles (2.49 km) to the west, and the nearest town is Leavenworth, 8 miles (13 km) to the northeast. The mountain hosts many granite spires with names like The High Priest, The Boxtop, Flake Tower, Comet Spire, Razorback Spire, The Meteor, The Professor, Lighthouse Tower,  Black Pyramid, and the most recognizable Prusik Peak. The highest point of the mountain is called Mt. Temple. Precipitation runoff from the mountain drains into Snow Creek which is a tributary of Icicle Creek.

Alpine Lakes Wilderness
The Alpine Lakes Wilderness is a large wilderness area spanning the Central Cascades of Washington state in the United States. The wilderness is located in parts of Wenatchee National Forest and Snoqualmie National Forest, and is approximately bounded by Interstate 90 and Snoqualmie Pass to the south and U.S. Route 2 and Stevens Pass to the north. The Alpine Lakes is the largest wilderness area near the population centers of Puget Sound, counted at 414,161 acres (167,605 ha) following the 2014 expansion.
Deathline International
Deathline International are an American industrial rock group based in Oakland, California, known for experimenting with multiple electronic music styles. The original nucleus of the band comprised composers Shawn Brice (Wiz Art, Spawn) and Christian Petke (Count Zero). The band released five studio albums on COP International: Reality Check (1993), Zarathoustra (1995), Arashi Syndrom (1997), Cybrid (2001), Pax Americana (2022).

Industrial rock
Industrial rock is a fusion genre that fuses industrial music and rock music. Originally emerging in the late 1970s to early 1980s, pioneered by artists such as Chrome, Killing Joke, Swans, Big Black and Skinny Puppy, the movement was further proliferated in the late 1980s by Wax Trax! Records in Chicago, with artists like Front 242, Front Line Assembly, KMFDM, and Sister Machine Gun.

Subsequently, the movement would lead to the emergence of genre fusions and subgenres like electro-industrial, industrial metal, martial industrial,  industrial hip-hop, industrial dance and industrial techno. By the 1990s, broader industrial music genres were made accessible to mainstream audiences through the popularity of acts such as Nine Inch Nails, Ministry, Rammstein, Marilyn Manson, all of whom released platinum-selling records.
Rob Hardy (cinematographer)
Rob Hardy B.S.C. (born 1972), is an English cinematographer. He frequently collaborates with director Alex Garland, working on the science fiction films, Ex Machina and Annihilation and the television show Devs. He has also worked with John Crowley on his films Boy A (2007) and Is Anybody There? (2008). His other works include The Invisible Woman, Testament of Youth and Mission: Impossible – Fallout.

The Invisible Woman (2013 film)
The Invisible Woman is a 2013 British biographical drama film directed by Ralph Fiennes and starring Fiennes, Felicity Jones, Kristin Scott Thomas and Tom Hollander. Written by Abi Morgan, and based on the 1990 book of the same name by Claire Tomalin, the film is about the affair between Charles Dickens and Nelly Ternan, which lasted for thirteen years until his death in 1870. The film premiered at the Telluride Film Festival on 31 August 2013, and was released in the United Kingdom on 7 February 2014. The film received a Best Costume Design nomination (Michael O'Connor) at the 86th Academy Awards.
Heidar Arfaa
Heidar-Ali Arfaa (1919 Shiraz, Iran – 1976 Tehran, Iran) was Conseiller d'État to Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi of Iran. His role as the high counsellor was discharged concurrently with a cabinet-level position as Minister of Agriculture, and as the elected Député-Majlis from Fars province (Parliamentary Seatholder).

Senator Arfaa is most notable for authoring legislation of the White Revolution concerning Land Reform, Privatization of Government Enterprises, Women's Suffrage, Nationalization of Forests and Pasturelands, and Profit Sharing for Industrial Workers.

Profit sharing
Profit sharing refers to various incentive plans introduced by businesses which provide direct or indirect payments to employees, often depending on the company's profitability, employees' regular salaries, and bonuses. In publicly traded companies, these plans typically amount to allocation of shares to employees.

The profit sharing plans are based on predetermined economic sharing rules that define the split of gains between the company as a principal and the employee as an agent. For example, suppose the profits are , which might be a random variable. Before knowing the profits, the principal and agent might agree on a sharing rule . Here, the agent will receive  and the principal will receive the residual gain .

Profit-sharing tends to lead to less conflict and more cooperation between labor and their employers.
RAF Hinaidi
Royal Air Force Hinaidi or more commonly known as RAF Hinaidi (or Hinaidi Cantonment), is a former Royal Air Force station near Baghdad in the Kingdom of Iraq. It was operational from 1922 until 1937, when operations were transferred to RAF Habbaniya.

Airco DH.9A
The Airco DH.9A is a British single-engined light bomber that was designed and first used shortly before the end of the First World War. It was a development of the unsuccessful Airco DH.9 bomber, featuring a strengthened structure and, crucially, replacing the under-powered and unreliable inline 6-cylinder Siddeley Puma engine of the DH.9 with the American V-12 Liberty L-12 engine.

Colloquially known as the "Ninak" (from the phonetic alphabet treatment of designation "nine-A"), it served on in large numbers for the Royal Air Force following the end of the war, both at home and overseas, where it was used for colonial policing in the Middle East, finally being retired in 1931. Over 2,400 examples of an unlicensed version, the Polikarpov R-1, were built in the Soviet Union, the type serving as the standard Soviet light bomber and reconnaissance aircraft through the 1920s.
Myersiohyla chamaeleo
Myersiohyla chamaeleo is a species of frog from the family Hylidae. It lives in Amazonas, Venezuela.  Scientists have seen it on the Tepui Cerro de la Neblina between 1450 and 2100 meters above sea level.

Amazonas (Venezuelan state)
Amazonas State (Spanish: Estado Amazonas, IPA: [esˈtaðo amaˈsonas]) is one of the 23 states into which Venezuela is divided. It covers nearly a fifth of the area of Venezuela, but has less than 1% of Venezuela's population.

The state capital is Puerto Ayacucho. The capital until the early 1900s was San Fernando de Atabapo. Although named after the Amazon River, most of the state is drained by the Orinoco River. Amazonas State covers 176,899 km2 and, in 2007, had a population of 142,200. Its density is 0.8 inhabitants per km2.

Amazonas has Venezuela's highest proportion of indigenous peoples of Venezuela; these make up only around 1.5% of the population nationwide, but the proportion is nearly 50% in Amazonas.: 52
17th Horse (Poona Horse)
The Poona Horse is an armoured regiment in the Armoured Corps of the Indian Army. Before Indian independence, the regiment was raised as a regular cavalry regiment in the Bombay Army of the East India Company and later became part of the British Indian Army. It was formed from the 3rd Regiment of Bombay Light Cavalry, raised in 1820, and the Poona Auxiliary Horse, raised about 1817–18. The latter unit was absorbed into the regular forces about 1860 and the two regiments later became the 33rd Queen Victoria's Own Light Cavalry and the 34th Prince Albert Victor's Own Poona Horse.

These were amalgamated in 1921 into the present regiment, the battle honours of which tell of service in three Afghan wars, in Persia, Abyssinia and China, as well as in the Great War. The regiment has fought with distinction in the 1965 and 1971 Indo-Pakistani wars, with an officer winning India's highest gallantry award, the Param Vir Chakra, in each war.

India–Pakistan wars and conflicts
Since the partition of British India in 1947 and subsequent creation of the dominions of India and Pakistan, the two countries have been involved in a number of wars, conflicts, and military standoffs. A long-running dispute over Kashmir and cross-border terrorism have been the predominant cause of conflict between the two states, with the exception of the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971, which occurred as a direct result of hostilities stemming from the Bangladesh Liberation War in erstwhile East Pakistan (now Bangladesh).
158th Mechanized Brigade (Ukraine)
The 158th Separate Mechanized Brigade (Ukrainian: 158-ма окрема механізована бригада) is a unit of the Ukrainian Ground Forces formed in Chernihiv. The brigade was part of the creation of nine other brigades in the Ukrainian Ground Forces, announced by then Ground Forces' commander Lieutenant General Oleksandr Pavliuk, in anticipation of a Russian offensive.

Oleksandr Pavliuk
Oleksandr Oleksiiovych Pavliuk (Ukrainian: Олександр Олексійович Павлюк; born 20 August 1970) is a Ukrainian general serving as commander of the Ukrainian Ground Forces from 11 February 2024 until 29 November 2024. He was a participant in the war in Donbas and the Ukrainian defense against the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. On 14 February 2023 he was appointed First Deputy Minister of Defense.

From 15 March 2022 until 21 May 2022 Pavliuk was head (Governor) of Kyiv Oblast State Administration.
Silhouette racing car
A silhouette racing car is a race car which, although bearing a superficial resemblance to a production model, differs mechanically in fundamental ways. The purpose of silhouette cars is to provide a manufacturer with a tangible link to their consumer product offerings so as to derive maximum marketing benefit from their investment in the sport. They also provide spectators with familiar, identifiable car models.

The use of a special-purpose racing car chassis rather than modifying a production car offers a number of potential benefits for a competition, which vary in importance depending on the specific class. They may include:

Higher performance than is feasible with a production-based chassis.

Reduced barriers to entering a new make or model in a series (because they are not required to develop a complete car)

Cheaper and faster crash repairs

Improved safety

Production vehicle
Production vehicles or production cars are mass-produced models of automobiles offered for sale to the public and can be legally driven on public roads. Legislation and other industrial rules define the production vehicle within particular countries or uses. There is no single fixed global definition of the term.