hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Cabinet of Caligari
The Cabinet of Caligari is a 1962 American horror film directed by Roger Kay, starring Glynis Johns, Dan O'Herlihy, and Richard Davalos, and released by 20th Century Fox.

Although the film's title is very similar to the German silent horror film The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari (1920), it shares very few similarities except for the main plot twist. The film's script was written by Robert Bloch, author of the novel Psycho. The cinematographer for The Cabinet of Caligari was John L. Russell, who also worked on Alfred Hitchcock's film Psycho (1960). The film played on a double feature with the Hand of Death (1962).

Psycho (novel)
Psycho is a 1959 horror novel by American writer Robert Bloch. The novel tells the story of Norman Bates, a caretaker at an isolated motel who struggles under his domineering mother and becomes embroiled in a series of murders. The novel is considered Bloch's most enduring work and one of the most influential horror novels of the 20th century.

The story was adapted into Alfred Hitchcock's 1960 film of the same name, and adapted into the television series Bates Motel (2013–2017). Bloch later wrote two sequels, which are unrelated to any of the film sequels.
Economic history of the United States
The economic history of the United States spans the colonial era through the 21st century. The initial settlements depended on agriculture and hunting/trapping, later adding international trade, manufacturing, and finally, services, to the point where agriculture represented less than 2% of GDP. Until the end of the Civil War, slavery was a significant factor in the agricultural economy of the southern states, and the South entered the second industrial revolution more slowly than the North. The US has been one of the world's largest economies since the McKinley administration.

Joseph Whitworth
Sir Joseph Whitworth, 1st Baronet (21 December 1803 – 22 January 1887) was an English engineer, entrepreneur, inventor and philanthropist. In 1841, he devised the British Standard Whitworth system, which created an accepted standard for screw threads. Whitworth also created the Whitworth rifle, often called the "sharpshooter" because of its accuracy, which is considered one of the earliest examples of a sniper rifle, used by some Confederate forces during the American Civil war.

Whitworth was created a baronet by Queen Victoria in 1869. Upon his death in 1887, Whitworth bequeathed much of his fortune for the people of Manchester, with the Whitworth Art Gallery and Christie Hospital partly funded by Whitworth's money. Whitworth Street and Whitworth Hall in Manchester are named in his honour.

Whitworth's company merged with the W.G. Armstrong & Mitchell Company to become Armstrong Whitworth in 1897.
With Love (Pete Townshend album)
With Love is a 1976 album featuring The Who's Pete Townshend and others that is dedicated to their spiritual mentor Meher Baba.

Other appearances and backup artists include Billy Nicholls, Steve Humphries, Ronnie Lane, Ron Wood, Ron Geesin, Bruce Rowland, Lol Benbow, Paul Wyld, Peter Hope-Evans (of Medicine Head), Peter Banks (ex-Yes), Sydney Foxx, among others.

Other tribute albums which were produced by Pete Townshend and dedicated to Meher Baba include Happy Birthday, I Am, and Avatar (a compilation of the previous three albums, later released as Jai Baba).

Medicine Head
Medicine Head were a British blues rock band – initially a duo – active in the 1970s. Their biggest single success was in 1973 with "One and One Is One", which reached number 3 on the UK Singles Chart. The group recorded six original albums, the first three of which were released by John Peel's Dandelion label.
Brothers & Sisters season 2
The second season of Brothers & Sisters consisted of only sixteen episodes due to the 2007–2008 Writers Guild of America strike. Twelve of the episodes were shown beforehand, ending with "Compromises"; a further four episodes were produced to finish off the season. The first half of the season dealt with many issues and plot points left unresolved from the first season.

In the UK the show changed to Channel 4's sister Channel E4 beginning March 30 and ending in July. The series was then repeated on Channel 4 in October of the same year around 4:30 pm on Saturdays, but after a couple of weeks moved it to Sunday nights in an unspecified time slot after midnight.

Ken Olin
Kenneth Edward Olin (born July 30, 1954) is an American actor, television director, and producer. As an actor, Olin is known for his role as Michael Steadman in the ABC drama series Thirtysomething (1987–1991), for which he received a Golden Globe nomination for Best Actor – Television Series Drama in 1990. Olin later began working behind the scenes, as a  director and producer. His credits as a producer include Alias (2001–2006), Brothers & Sisters (2006–2011), and This Is Us (2016–2022). Olin is married to actress Patricia Wettig.
Arthur Portelance
Arthur Portelance (19 March 1928 – 27 November 2008) was a Canadian businessman and politician. Portelance served as a Liberal party member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was a salesman and businessman by career.

Born in Montreal, Quebec, Portelance represented Quebec's Gamelin electoral district which he first won office in the 1968 federal election. He was re-elected there in the 1972, 1974, 1979 and 1980 federal elections.

Portelance served five successive terms from the 28th to the 32nd Canadian Parliaments. He was later appointed to the Canadian Aviation Safety Board in 1984 by Prime Minister John Turner, who wanted to have a woman run in Gamelin in that year's election. He was a board member until its demise in 1990.

1980 Canadian federal election
The 1980 Canadian federal election was held on February 18, 1980, to elect members of the House of Commons of Canada of the 32nd Parliament of Canada. It was called when the budget of the minority Progressive Conservative government led by Prime Minister Joe Clark was defeated in the Commons. As of 2025, it remains the most recent election triggered by the defeat of a government budget in the Commons. The Liberal Party under former Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau won a narrow majority, returning Trudeau to the Premiership for a fourth and ultimately final term. This is the most recent election – and the first since 1935 – in which a sitting government was defeated at the polls after only one elected term. This is also the most recent election in which the Liberals  won more seats in Quebec than in the rest of Canada – since this election, no party has ever bested the Liberals' 74-seat showing in Quebec.
Manzanita-class tenders
The Manzanita class, originally called the 8 class, was a class of identical tenders commissioned in 1908. They operated as lighthouse and buoy tenders throughout both World Wars. They briefly served with the United States Navy from 1917 to 1919, but served the remainder of their service with the United States Lighthouse Service (USLHS).

World war
A world war is an international conflict that involves most or all of the world's major powers. Conventionally, the term is reserved for the two major international conflicts that occurred during the first half of the 20th century: World War I (1914–1918) and World War II (1939–1945). Some historians have also characterized other global conflicts as world wars, such as the Cold War and the War on terror.
2021 Belgian Road Cycling Cup
The 2021 Belgian Road Cycling Cup (known as the Bingoal Cycling Cup for sponsorship reasons) was the sixth edition of the Belgian Road Cycling Cup. As no overall winner was declared during the 2020 edition, there was no defending champion.

After leading the standings after every round, Tim Merlier (Alpecin–Fenix) won the cup, having secured two victories and top-ten finishes in all but two of the other races.

Tim Merlier
Tim Merlier (born 30 October 1992) is a Belgian cyclist who rides for UCI WorldTeam Soudal–Quick-Step.

Considered to be one of the fastest sprinters in the world, Merlier has over 50 wins as a professional, including three stage wins at the Tour de France (2021 and 2025) and four at the Giro d'Italia (2021 and 2024). Merlier won the 2024 European Road Race Championship, and is a two-time winner of the Belgian National Road Race Championships, winning in 2019 and 2022.

Merlier also competes in cyclo-cross, having previously raced at the 2016 UCI Cyclo-cross World Championships in Heusden-Zolder.
Gustav Ahnelöv
Gustav Ahnelöv (born 22 April 1996) is a Swedish ice hockey player currently playing with Huddinge IK of the Hockeyettan. He previously played with Karlskrona HK of the Swedish Hockey League and the Coventry Blaze of the United Kingdom's Elite Ice Hockey League.

Ahnelöv made his Swedish Hockey League debut playing with Karlskrona HK during the 2015-16 SHL season.

Hockeyettan
Hockeyettan is the third tier of ice hockey in Sweden. As of the 2015–16 season, the league consists of 39 teams divided geographically into four groups. Hockeyettan operates a system of promotion and relegation with HockeyAllsvenskan and Division 2.

From 1944 to 1975, Division I was the highest league in the Swedish ice hockey system, but with the creation of Elitserien (now the SHL) in 1975, it became the second tier. Division I was further relegated to third-tier status in 1999 as HockeyAllsvenskan was spun off into a standalone league, but was frequently written as "Division 1" on the Internet, as it was pronounced "Division One". The league was renamed Hockeyettan for the 2014–15 season.

Hockeyettan is the lowest tier to be organized by the Swedish Ice Hockey Association; all men's tiers below Hockeyettan are organized regionally.
Wenhanhu Park (Ji Hua Laboratory) station
Wenhanhu Park (Ji Hua Laboratory) station (simplified Chinese: 文翰湖公园（季华实验室）站; traditional Chinese: 文翰湖公園（季華實驗室）站; pinyin: Wénhànhú Gōngyuán (Jì Huá Shíyànshì) Zhàn; Cantonese Yale: Màhnhonwù Gūng'yún (Gwaiwǎ Sahtyim Sāht) Jaahm) is a light metro station on Nanhai Tram Line 1 of Foshan Metro, located in Foshan's Nanhai District. It opened on 29 November 2022.

The station name of this station is composed of the two names of Wenhanhu Park at the south of the station and the Ji Hua Laboratory in the east as the main and auxiliary station names respectively, excluding punctuation marks. With a total of ten Chinese characters, it has the longest station name of any rail transit station in the Guangzhou-Foshan area at present.

Yale romanization of Cantonese
The Yale romanization of Cantonese was developed by Yale scholar Gerard P. Kok for his and Parker Po-fei Huang's textbook Speak Cantonese initially circulated in looseleaf form in 1952 but later published in 1958. Unlike the Yale romanization of Mandarin, it is still widely used in books and dictionaries, especially for foreign learners of Cantonese. It shares some similarities with Hanyu Pinyin in that unvoiced, unaspirated consonants are represented by letters traditionally used in English and most other European languages to represent voiced sounds. For example, [p] is represented as b in Yale, whereas its aspirated counterpart, [pʰ] is represented as p. Students attending the Chinese University of Hong Kong's New-Asia Yale-in-China Chinese Language Center are taught using Yale romanization.

Some enthusiasts employ Yale romanisation to explore writing Cantonese as an alphabetic language.
Cimoszka
Cimoszka [t͡ɕiˈmɔʂka] is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Janów, within Sokółka County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland.

The village is the birthplace of Polish mathematician Józef Marcinkiewicz.

Sokółka County
Sokółka County (Polish: powiat sokólski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Podlaskie Voivodeship, north-eastern Poland, on the border with Belarus. It was created on 1 January 1999 as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Sokółka, which lies 39 kilometres (24 mi) north-east of the regional capital Białystok. The county also contains the towns of Dąbrowa Białostocka, lying 30 km (19 mi) north of Sokółka, Krynki, lying 24 km (15 mi) south-east of Sokółka, and Suchowola, 33 km (21 mi) north-west of Sokółka.

The county covers an area of 2,054.42 square kilometres (793.2 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 67,055, out of which the population of Sokółka is 18,134, that of Dąbrowa Białostocka is 5,520, that of Krynki is 2,405, that of Suchowola is 2,183, and the rural population is 38,813.
Giuseppe Torretto
Giuseppe Torretto or Torretti (1661 in Pagnano – 1743 in Venice) was an Italian sculptor of statues and intaglios.

Mainly working in Venice, statues by him can be found in the churches of Santa Maria Formosa, I Gesuiti, Santa Maria di Nazareth and San Stae among others. The side walls of the Manin Chapel at Udine have stone high-reliefs by him showing scenes from the life of the Blessed Virgin Mary.   He also founded a notable studio, which was kept going after his death by his grandchildren Giuseppe Bernardi and Giovanni Ferrari, whose students included Antonio Canova.

Saint Sebastian on the front of San Stae church in Venice

Saint Oswald on the front of San Stae church in Venice

Martyrdom of Saint Eustace and his family San Stae church in Venice

Angels by Giuseppe Torretti on the facade of San Stae church in Venice

Democritus in Ca' Rezzonico

Heraclitus in Ca' Rezzonico

Udine
Udine (US: /ˈuːdiːneɪ/ OO-dee-nay; Italian: [ˈuːdine] ⓘ; Friulian: Udin; Latin: Utinum; Slovene: Videm) is a city and comune (municipality) in northeastern Italy, in the middle of the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region, between the Adriatic Sea and the Carnic Alps. It is the capital of the Regional decentralization entity of Udine. As of 2025, it has a population of 98,320 in the commune, and 176,000 in the urban area.
Panopticons
Panopticons is a series of four sculptures in  Blackburn, Burnley, Pendle and Rossendale in Lancashire, England. They are part of an arts and regeneration project of the East Lancashire Environmental Arts Network managed by Mid Pennine Arts. The large scale outdoor sculptures were commissioned, designed and constructed over a six-year period.

The Halo in Haslingden, Rossendale was the last sculpture in the series to be erected, in September 2007. Plans for a similar sculpture in Accrington were never realised. One artist's impression showed a different design. Perhaps of a bird.

Borough of Burnley
The Borough of Burnley (/ˈbɜːrnli/) is a local government district with the borough status in Lancashire, England. It has an area of 42.9 square miles (111 km2) and a population of 95,553 (2022), and is named after its largest town, Burnley. The borough also contains the town of Padiham along with several villages and surrounding rural areas.

The neighbouring districts are Rossendale, Hyndburn, Ribble Valley, Pendle and Calderdale.
Josh Schoenfeld
Joshua Schoenfeld (born 3 July 1997) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for the Gold Coast Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL). He was drafted by the Gold Coast Football Club with their third selection and thirty-fourth overall in the 2015 national draft.

He made his debut in the twenty-four point win against Fremantle in round 18, 2016 at Metricon Stadium. He kicked his first goal against the Brisbane Lions in Round 1 of the 2017 season. Schoenfeld was delisted by the Suns at the conclusion of the 2019 AFL season, but he was re-drafted in the 2019 Rookie Draft. He was again delisted at the end of the 2020 season, and returned to Western Australia to play for East Fremantle in the West Australian Football League (WAFL). He was selected to represent Western Australia in the interstate match against South Australia in 2021.

East Fremantle Football Club
The East Fremantle Football Club, nicknamed the Sharks and colloquially referred to as East Freo, is an Australian rules football club playing in the West Australian Football League (WAFL) and WAFL Women's (WAFLW). The team's home ground is East Fremantle Oval. East Fremantle is the most successful club in WAFL history, winning 30 premierships since their entry into the competition in 1898. East Fremantle's last premiership was in 2023, when they defeated Peel Thunder.
Megavitiornis
Megavitiornis altirostris is an extinct, flightless, giant stem-galliform bird that was endemic to Fiji, it is the only known species in the genus Megavitiornis. Originally thought to be a megapode, more recent morphological studies indicate a close relationship with Sylviornis of New Caledonia, with both genera belonging to the family Sylviornithidae outside of the Galliformes crown group. It is likely that it became extinct through overhunting shortly after the colonisation of the Fiji Islands by humans.

Megapode
The megapodes, also known as incubator birds or mound-builders, are stocky, medium-large, chicken-like birds with small heads and large feet in the family Megapodiidae. Their name literally means "large foot" and is a reference to the heavy legs and feet typical of these terrestrial birds. All are browsers, and all except the malleefowl occupy wooded habitats. Most are brown or black in color. Megapodes are superprecocial, hatching from their eggs in the most mature condition of any bird. They hatch with open eyes, bodily coordination and strength, full wing feathers, and downy body feathers, and are able to run, pursue prey and, in some species, fly on the day they hatch.
Baruza
Baruza (Arabic: الباروزة, romanized: al-Bārūzah) is a village in northern Aleppo Governorate, northwestern Syria. 3.5 kilometres (2.2 mi) south of Akhtarin and some 30 km (19 mi) northeast of the city of Aleppo, it is situated on the southeastern edge of the Queiq Plain, where the Aqil mountains begin.

The village administratively belongs to Nahiya Akhtarin in Azaz District. Nearby localities include Ghaytun 4 km (2.5 mi) to the west, and Tall Tanah 2 km (1.2 mi) to the south. In the 2004 census, Baruza had a population of 992.

Aleppo Governorate
Aleppo Governorate (Arabic: محافظة حلب, romanized: Muḥāfaẓat Ḥalab, [muˈħaːfaðˤat ˈħalab]; Kurmanji Kurdish: Parêzgeha Helebê) is one of the fourteen governorates of Syria. It is the most populous governorate in Syria with a population of more than 4,867,000 (2011 Est.), almost 23% of the total population of Syria. The governorate is the fifth in area with an area of 18,482 km2 (7,136 sq mi), or 18,498 square kilometres (7,142 sq mi)2, about 10% of the total area of Syria. The capital is the city of Aleppo.
Carsten Thomassen (journalist)
Carsten Thomassen (15 May 1969 – 14 January 2008) was a Norwegian journalist, political commentator and war correspondent for the Norwegian daily newspaper Dagbladet. He had earlier covered the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake from Thailand and Indonesia. He was killed in the 2008 Kabul Serena Hotel attack in Kabul, Afghanistan.

War correspondent
A war correspondent is a journalist who covers stories first-hand from a war zone.

War correspondence stands as one of journalism's most important and impactful forms. War correspondents operate in the most conflict-ridden parts of the world. Once there, they attempt to get close enough to the action to provide written accounts, photos, or film footage. It is often considered the most dangerous form of journalism.

Modern war correspondence emerged from the news reporting of military conflicts during the French Revolution and Napoleonic Wars. Its presence grew in the middle of the nineteenth century, with American journalists covering the Mexican-American War (1846–1848) and the European newspapermen writing reports from the Crimean War (1853–1856).
Les Caywood
Lester Leroy "Wimpy" Caywood (August 18, 1903 – February 4, 1986) was an American football player and coach. He played professionally in the National Football League (NFL) as a guard and tackle. Caywood made his National Football League debut with the Buffalo Rangers in 1926. Over the next nine season he played for the Cleveland Bulldogs, Cincinnati Reds, St. Louis Gunners, Detroit Wolverines, Brooklyn Dodgers, Pottsville Maroons, Chicago Cardinals and the New York Giants, where he was a part of the Giants 1927 NFL Championship team. He also was a member of the Kansas City Cowboys in 1926, although he never actually played in a game with the team.

Caywood served as the line coach and first assistant to head coach Algy Clark for the Cincinnati Reds in 1934.

Detroit (1920s NFL teams)
Detroit had four early teams in the National Football League before the Detroit Lions. The Heralds played in 1920, and had played as an independent as far back as 1905. The Tigers, a continuation of the Heralds, played in 1921, folding midseason and sending their players to the Buffalo All-Americans. The Panthers competed from 1925 to 1926 and the Wolverines in 1928.
Poire à la Beaujolaise
Pears in wine are a typical dessert consisting of peeled pears cooked in red wine and originating in Latin European countries, particularly in the wine-producing regions of Beaujolais, Burgundy, Bordeaux, Castile and León, Piedmont and La Rioja.

In northern Spain, pears in wine are a typical dessert from wine-growing regions such as Ribera del Duero or La Rioja. In Spanish cuisine, this dessert is also known as peras con salsa obispo (‘bishop sauce’) and has a long tradition. In France, it is known as poire au vin or poire à la beaujolaise, as it is considered to originate from this wine-growing region. In Italy, it is mainly prepared in Piedmont, the northern region where Barolo is produced, and is called pere al vino or pere cotte. Also typical of Piedmont is the timballo de Martin Sec, a shortcrust pastry tart filled with the same pears cooked in wine with sugar and spices.

Gaston Bachelard
Gaston Louis Pierre Bachelard (/bæʃəˈlɑːr/; French: [baʃlaʁ]; 27 June 1884 – 16 October 1962) was a French philosopher. He made contributions in the fields of poetics and the philosophy of science. To the latter, he introduced the concepts of epistemological obstacle and epistemological break (obstacle épistémologique and rupture épistémologique). He influenced many subsequent French philosophers, among them Michel Foucault, Louis Althusser, Dominique Lecourt and Jacques Derrida, as well as the sociologists Pierre Bourdieu and Bruno Latour.

For Bachelard, the scientific object should be constructed and therefore different from the positivist sciences; in other words, information is in continuous construction. Empiricism and rationalism are not regarded as dualism or opposition but complementary, therefore studies of a priori and a posteriori, or in other words reason and dialectic, are part of scientific research.
Julian Chorążycki
Julian Chorążycki (August 19, 1885 – April 19, 1943) served as doctor-in-chief of the infantry regiment in the Polish Army during the reconstitution of sovereign Poland. In the interwar period, he was a throat surgeon practising in Warsaw. Born Jewish, Chorążycki spent two years in the Warsaw Ghetto. During the Holocaust in Poland he became the first leader of the perilous prisoner uprising at the Treblinka extermination camp. On August 2, 1943 – after the long period of preparation posing an immediate threat to life – an armed revolt in Treblinka erupted, however, Chorążycki killed himself on April 19, 1943, when faced with imminent capture, to avoid revealing details of the uprising and its participants under torture.

Polish Land Forces
The Land Forces (Polish: Wojska Lądowe) are the ground forces of the Polish Armed Forces. They currently contain some 110,000 active personnel and form many components of the European Union and NATO deployments around the world. Poland's recorded military history stretches back a millennium – since the 10th century (see List of Polish wars and History of the Polish Army). Poland's modern army was formed after Poland regained independence following World War I in 1918.