hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Palinopsia
Palinopsia (from Greek  palin 'again' and  opsia 'seeing') is the persistent recurrence of a visual image after the stimulus has been removed. Palinopsia is not a diagnosis; it is a diverse group of pathological visual symptoms with a wide variety of causes. Visual perseveration is synonymous with palinopsia.

In 2014, Gersztenkorn and Lee comprehensively reviewed all cases of palinopsia in the literature and subdivided them into two clinically relevant groups: illusory palinopsia and hallucinatory palinopsia. Hallucinatory palinopsia, usually due to seizures or posterior cortical lesions, describes afterimages that are formed, long-lasting, and high resolution. Illusory palinopsia, usually due to migraines, head trauma, prescription drugs, visual snow syndrome or hallucinogen persisting perception disorder (HPPD), describes afterimages that are affected by ambient light and motion and are unformed, indistinct, or low resolution.

Lesion
A lesion is any damage or abnormal change in the tissue of an organism, usually caused by injury or diseases. The term lesion is derived from the Latin laesio, meaning "injury". Lesions may occur in plants and animals.
Le Doulcet
Le Doulcet is the name of several persons of the same family:

Louis Gustave le Doulcet, comte de Pontécoulant, French politician

Cécile le Doulcet de Pontécoulant,  (1767–1827), sister of Louis Gustave le Doulcet, and first wife of Emmanuel de Grouchy

Louis Adolphe le Doulcet, comte de Pontécoulant, French soldier and musicologist, one of his sons

Philippe Gustave le Doulcet, Comte de Pontécoulant, French astronomer, and another one of his sons

Philippe Gustave le Doulcet, Comte de Pontécoulant
Philippe Gustave Doulcet, Comte de Pontécoulant (1795–1874) was a French astronomer.

He was the younger son of Louis Gustave le Doulcet, Comte de Pontécoulant and was the brother of Louis-Adolphe Pontécoulant. After 1811 he served in the army until 1849. Following his retirement he dedicated himself to the study of mathematics and astronomy.

In 1829 he used the mathematical methods of Poisson and Lagrange to successfully predict the return of Halley's Comet with good precision. His prediction of the perihelion passage was correct to within two days.

He was a member of the French Academy of Sciences. The crater Pontécoulant on the Moon is named after him.

Volumes I-III of Theorie analytique du systeme du monde (1829-1834)

Title page to volume I of Theorie analytique du systeme du monde (1829)

Table of contents to volume I of Theorie analytique du systeme du monde (1829)

First page to volume I of Theorie analytique du systeme du monde (1829)
2010 Morocco Tennis Tour – Meknes – Doubles
Marc López and Lamine Ouahab were the defending champions; however, López chose to not participate this year.
Ouahab partnered up with Adrián Menéndez; however, they lost against Harsh Mankad and Adil Shamasdin in the first round.
Pablo Andújar and Flavio Cipolla won in the final 6–2, 6–2, against Oleksandr Dolgopolov Jr. and Artem Smirnov.

Marc López
Marc López Tarrés (Catalan: [ˈmaɾɡ ˈlɔpəθ təˈres], Spanish: [ˈmaɾɣ ˈlopeθ taˈres]; born 31 July 1982) is a Spanish tennis coach and a former professional player. His career-high ATP ranking was world No. 3 in doubles, achieved in January 2013 and No. 106 in singles, achieved in May 2004.

Partnering with Feliciano López, Marc López won a major title at the 2016 French Open as well as the 2012 ATP Finals with Marcel Granollers. Additionally, at the 2016 Rio Olympics, López won the gold medal in men's doubles for Spain partnering with Rafael Nadal.

Previously, he was Rafael Nadal and Jasmine Paolini coach.
Paul LaDue
Paul LaDue (born September 6, 1992) is an American professional ice hockey defenseman for Rögle BK of the Swedish Hockey League (SHL). He was drafted by the Los Angeles Kings in the sixth round, 181st overall, in the 2012 NHL Entry Draft.

Rögle BK
Rögle BK (Rögle Bandyklubb) is a Swedish professional ice hockey club from Ängelholm that has been playing in the SHL since the 2015–16 season. Rögle has previously played in the SHL (previously named Elitserien) in 1992–1996, 2008–2010, and briefly in 2012–13.

They won the Champions Hockey League in 2022.
Agamé
Agamé is an arrondissement in the Mono department of Benin. It is an administrative division under the jurisdiction of the commune of Lokossa. According to the population census conducted by the Institut National de la Statistique Benin on February 15, 2002, the arrondissement had a total population of 11,465.

Mono Department
Mono [mo.no] is one of the twelve departments of Benin, with its capital at Lokossa. It is named for the Mono River which forms much of the border with Togo. The northern areas of the department were split off to create the newly formed Kouffo Department in 1999. Mono is subdivided into six communes, each centred at one of the principal towns, namely, Athiémè, Bopa, Comè, Grand-Popo, Houéyogbé and Lokossa. It has an area of 1,396 square kilometres (539 sq mi).

As of 2013, the total population of the department was 497,243, with 241,554 males and 255,689 females. The proportion of women was 51.40%. The total rural population was 50.30%, while the urban population was 49.70%. The total labour force in the department was 142,220, of which 48.60% were women. The proportion of households with no level of education was 48.70%.
Gerard, South Australia
Gerard is a locality in the Australian state  of South Australia located in the Riverland on the northern side of the Murray River about 182 kilometres (113 miles) north-east of the state capital of Adelaide and about 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) northwest of Loxton.

Its boundaries were created on 12 August 1999.

As of 2012, the land use within Gerard is divided between conservation and agriculture with the former being concerned with the floodplain.  The title for land within Gerard held by the Aboriginal Lands Trust who has leased it to the Gerard Community Council.

Gerard is located within the federal division of Barker, the state electoral district of Chaffey and the Pastoral Unincorporated Area of South Australia.

Aboriginal land trust
In Australia, an Aboriginal land trust (ALT) is a type of non-profit organisation that holds the freehold title to an area of land on behalf of a community of Aboriginal Australians. The land has been legally granted to a community by the government under a perpetual lease, usually after the community makes a formal claim of traditional ownership. Land granted under Aboriginal title is inalienable; it can not be bought, sold, traded or given away. The land trust is the organisation appointed by the community to legally hold the title deeds. The land trusts are administered by Aboriginal land councils.
2005 RCA Championships – Doubles
Jordan Kerr and Jim Thomas were the defending champions, but lost in the first round this year.

Paul Hanley and Graydon Oliver won the title, defeating Simon Aspelin and Todd Perry, who retired from the final with Hanley and Oliver leading 6–2, 3–1.

Paul Hanley (tennis)
Paul Jason Hanley (born 12 November 1977) is a retired professional male tennis player from Australia, specialising in doubles and owning 26 ATP titles in this discipline.

He made the 2005 Wimbledon and 2011 Australian Open finals in mixed doubles, playing with Tatiana Perebiynis and Chan Yung-jan respectively, falling short on both occasions.  His best results came alongside Wayne Arthurs and Kevin Ullyett, with whom Hanley formed long-term doubles partnerships. Hanley has an 8–4 win–loss record on the Australian Davis Cup Team.  The Australian's highest doubles ranking was World Number 5.  His parents, Jay and Judy, co-own a tennis centre, which is one of the main reasons why Hanley pursued a career in the sport.
Tony Spear
Anthony Spear (1937 - 3 June 2024) was an American space exploration project manager most notable for leading the Mars Pathfinder mission for JPL/NASA in 1996. He retired from JPL in 1998. He competed for the Google Lunar X Prize with Red Whittaker, Astrobotic, and Carnegie Mellon University, where he received a B.S. degree in electrical engineering in 1962.

Project manager
A project manager is a professional in the field of project management. Project managers have the responsibility of the planning, procurement and execution of a project, in any undertaking that has a defined scope, defined start and a defined finish; regardless of industry. Project managers are first point of contact for any issues or discrepancies arising from within the heads of various departments in an organization before the problem escalates to higher authorities, as project representative.

Project management is the responsibility of a project manager. This individual seldom participates directly in the activities that produce the result, but rather strives to maintain the progress, mutual interaction and tasks of various parties in such a way that reduces the risk of overall failure, maximizes benefits, and minimizes costs.
Maiden waist deformity
The maiden waist deformity is a radiologic sign associated with retroperitoneal fibrosis, a condition resulting from the abnormal proliferation of fibrous tissue in the retroperitoneal space. The fibrosis can extend to adjacent anatomical structures, frequently encompassing and obstructing the ureters. This sign refers to the alteration in the normal course of the ureters: when the fibrosis causes both ureters to be pulled medially, they may form the appearance of a "narrow-waisted maiden".

Retroperitoneal space
The retroperitoneal space (retroperitoneum) is the anatomical space (sometimes a potential space) behind (retro) the peritoneum. It has no specific delineating anatomical structures. Organs are retroperitoneal if they have peritoneum on their anterior side only. Structures that are not suspended by mesentery in the abdominal cavity and that lie between the parietal peritoneum and abdominal wall are classified as retroperitoneal.

This is different from organs that are not retroperitoneal, which have peritoneum on their posterior side and are suspended by mesentery in the abdominal cavity.

The retroperitoneum can be further subdivided into the following:

Perirenal (or perinephric) space

Anterior pararenal (or paranephric) space

Posterior pararenal (or paranephric) space
Pictor A
Pictor A is a double-lobed broad-line radio galaxy around 155.2 megaparsecs (506 million light-years) away in the constellation Pictor, and a powerful source of radio waves in the Southern Celestial Hemisphere. From a supermassive black hole at its centre, a relativistic jet shoots out to an X-ray hot spot 300,000 light-years away.

Southern celestial hemisphere
The southern celestial hemisphere, also called the Southern Sky, is the southern half of the celestial sphere; that is, it lies south of the celestial equator. This arbitrary sphere, on which seemingly fixed stars form constellations, appears to rotate westward around a polar axis as the Earth rotates.

At all times, the entire Southern Sky is visible from the geographic South Pole; less of the Southern Sky is visible the further north the observer is located. The northern counterpart is the northern celestial hemisphere.
The Bachelors (Australian TV series) season 11
The eleventh and final season of The Bachelor Australia, known as The Bachelors, premiered on 3 December 2023. For the second consecutive season, there are three Bachelors: Ben Waddell, a 36-year-old international model and environmentalist from Melbourne, Victoria; Luke Bateman, a 28-year-old lumberjack and former NRL player from Toowoomba, Queensland; and Wesley Senna Cortes, a 33-year-old theology student and marketing & sales manager from Brazil, living in Sydney, New South Wales.

This season is the first in the series to have been filmed in Melbourne, with production moving from the previous season's location on the Gold Coast in Queensland. Selected episodes were released 24 hours prior to broadcast, on video on demand streaming service 10Play, to reach younger audiences and increase the platform's viewership.

10 (VoD service)
10 (formerly, and commonly referred to as Tenplay or 10Play) is an Australian free video on demand and catch-up TV service run by Network 10. The service became available on 29 September 2013, replacing the network's old website that offered limited catch-up TV services. 10 offers online live streaming of Channel 10, 10 Comedy, 10 Drama, and Nickelodeon, as well as live sport via 10 Sport.

10 is available across several platforms including Web, iOS and Android apps, FreeviewPlus certified TVs, Apple TV 4th Gen+, Fetch TV, Telstra TV, Chromecast, Android TV, Samsung TV, Sony Linux TV, Xbox One and Xbox Series X and Series S. As of September 2023, 10Play has over 7 million registered users.
Naulochon
Naulochon (Ancient Greek: Ναύλοχον), also known as Palaea Smyrna or Palaia Smyrna (Παλαιά Σμύρνη; meaning 'Old Smyrna'), was a port town of ancient Aeolis, and the original Aeolian settlement of Smyrna.

Its site is located in Bayraklı, Asiatic Turkey.

According to community website Pleiades, archaeological evidence from Naulochon dates back to the eleventh or tenth centuries B.C.

Bayraklı
Bayraklı is a municipality and district of İzmir Province, Turkey. Its area is 30 km2, and its population is 299,859 (2024). It covers the northern part of the metropolitan area of İzmir. The district of Bayraklı was created in 2008 from part of the district of Karşıyaka.
Nguyễn Vũ Phong
Nguyễn Vũ Phong (born February 6, 1985) is a former Vietnamese footballer who currently coaches Vĩnh Long FC. Nguyễn Vũ Phong was a member of Vietnam national football team. Mainly an  attacking midfielder, Phong is known for his speed and shooting ability. He is also the first Vietnamese footballer to receive a call-up to the Vietnam national football team from the Vietnamese Second Division in 2006.

Vietnamese Football League Second Division
The Vietnamese Football League Second Division (Vietnamese: Giải bóng đá hạng Nhì quốc gia, lit. 'National Second Division Football League'), also known as Vietnamese Second Divistion (Vietnamese: Giải hạng Nhì quốc gia, lit. 'National Second Division') is the third tier professional association football league in Vietnam, controlled by the Vietnam Football Federation.
Dallmann Seamount
Dallmann Seamount (67°10′S 96°53′W﻿ / ﻿67.167°S 96.883°W﻿ / -67.167; -96.883) is a seamount named for polar explorer Eduard Dallmann, who surveyed the area west of Graham Land up to 66°S. The name was proposed by Dr. Rick Hagen of the Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany, and was approved by the Advisory Committee for Undersea Features in June 1997. Minimal depth is 2100m.

Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research
The Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (German: Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung) is located in Bremerhaven, Germany, and a member of the Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres. It conducts research in the Arctic, the Antarctic, and the high and mid latitude oceans. Additional research topics are: North Sea research, marine biological monitoring, and technical marine developments. The institute was founded in 1980 and is named after meteorologist, climatologist, and geologist Alfred Wegener.

AWI is the biggest institution for polar and ocean research and science in Germany. The annual budget is 140 Mio EUR (2018) and the institute has a staff of more than 1000 people.
France Forstnerič
France Forstnerič (29 January 1933 – 22 May 2007) was a Slovene poet, writer, and journalist.

Forstnerič was born in Pobrežje near Ptuj in 1933. He trained as a teacher and taught for a number of years before becoming a journalist in 1958. He worked for the newspapers Večer and Delo and also obtained a degree in sociology from the University of Ljubljana in 1979. He wrote for adults and children. He is best known for his poetry that he started publishing in the early 1960s. In 1970 he won the Levstik Award for his book Srakač. In 1972 he won the Prešeren Foundation Award for his collection of poems entitled Pijani kurent (The Drunken Kurent).

Ptuj
Ptuj (Slovene: [ˈptùːj] ⓘ; German: Pettau, pronounced [ˈpɛtaʊ̯] ⓘ; Latin: Poetovium/Poetovio) is the eighth-largest town of Slovenia, located in the traditional region of Styria (northeastern Slovenia). It is the seat of the Municipality of Ptuj. Being the oldest recorded city in Slovenia, it has been inhabited since the late Stone Age and developed from a Roman military fort, located at a strategically important crossing of the Drava River along a prehistoric trade route between the Baltic Sea and the Adriatic.
Maryam Lustberg
Maryam Beheshti Lustberg is an American breast oncologist. She is the Director of The Breast Center at Smilow Cancer Hospital and Chief of Breast Medical Oncology at Yale Cancer Center. Lustberg previously served as the Medical Director of Supportive Care at Ohio State's Comprehensive Cancer Center and President of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer. She is also an associate editor for the peer-reviewed medical journal covering oncology nursing with respect to cancer survivors called Journal of Cancer Survivorship.  Lustberg was also recognized as one of the 100 Influential Women in Oncology by OncoDaily.

Yale Cancer Center
Yale Cancer Center (YCC) was founded in 1974 as a result of an act of Congress in 1971, which declared the nation's "war on cancer". It is one of a network of 56 Comprehensive Cancer Centers designated by the National Cancer Institute (NCI). Currently directed by Dr. Eric Winer, the Cancer Center brings together the resources of the Yale School of Medicine (YSM), Yale New Haven Hospital (YNHH), and the Yale School of Public Health (YSPH).
Torquay (UK Parliament constituency)
Torquay was a county constituency in Devon, South West England, which returned one Member of Parliament to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

It was created for the 1885 general election and abolished for the February 1974 general election. The area it represented became part of the Torbay constituency.

1885 United Kingdom general election
The 1885 United Kingdom general election was held from 24 November to 18 December 1885. The first general election after an extension of the franchise and redistribution of seats, it saw the Liberals lose their majority.

The election saw the Liberals, led by William Gladstone, win the most seats, but not an overall majority, so a minority government was necessary. The Irish Nationalists held the balance of power between the Liberals and the Conservatives who sat with a large number of allied Unionist MPs (their name referred to their support for the Union of Great Britain and Ireland). The pressure of minority government status exacerbated divisions within the Liberals over Irish Home Rule. This led to a Liberal split that caused another general election the following year.

The 1885 election saw the first socialist party participate, with the Social Democratic Federation led by H. M. Hyndman standing three candidates. None were elected.
Souad Oulhaj
Souad Oulhaj (Arabic: سعاد أولحاج, born June 12, 1974) is a Moroccan football referee.

She officiated in her first international match in 2005, before going on to participate in the 2005 Algarve Cup, 2006 Women's African Football Championship and the 2006 FIFA U-20 Women's World Championship in Russia.

Oulhaj was selected as one of the 36 match officials for the 2007 FIFA Women's World Cup in China.

2006 FIFA U-20 Women's World Championship
The 2006 FIFA U-20 Women's World Championship was held in Russia from 17 August to 3 September 2006. It was the officially recognized world championship for women's under-20 national association football teams. Matches were held in four Moscow stadiums (Dynamo, Lokomotiv, Podmoskovie Stadium and Torpedo Stadium) and one in Saint Petersburg (Petrovsky Stadium).

This was the third women's world youth championship organized by FIFA, but the first with an age limit of 20. The first two events, held in Canada in 2002 and Thailand in 2004, had an age limit of 19. FIFA changed the age limit to prepare for the creation of an under-17 championship in 2008.

North Korea won the tournament. They became the first Asian team to win a FIFA women's tournament and the first Asian football team to win any FIFA tournaments since Saudi Arabia's triumph in the 1989 FIFA U-16 World Championship. The official mascot is a little fox called Alissa.
Matti Åkerblom
Matti Åkerblom (né Pärnä; 18 July 1740, Eräjärvi — 10 June 1819, Orivesi) was a notable Finnish church designer and builder of the late 18th century, who also held the office of the regional master builder of the Province of Tavastia.

Åkerblom first worked as a farm hand, but later decided to train as a carpenter, learning his trade under Antti Piimänen. His training took unusually long, with the apprenticeship and journeymanship stages each lasting five years, before he completed his master work, the bell tower of Halikko Church, in 1773. The master work had not been sanctioned by the guild, but when completed it was nevertheless approved, thus gaining Åkerblom his mastership.

Notable churches built by Åkerblom include Nurmijärvi Church, Pihlajavesi Old Church, Angelniemi Church (completed a year before Åkerblom's master status), Kuorevesi Church and Kuru Church, among others: in total, Åkerblom is known to have designed and built at least ten churches and five bell towers.

Masterpiece
A masterpiece, magnum opus (Latin for 'great work'), or chef-d'œuvre (French for 'master of work'; pl. chefs-d'œuvre; French: [ʃɛ.d‿œvʁ]) is a creation that has been given much critical praise, especially one that is considered the greatest work of a person's career or a work of outstanding creativity, skill, profundity, or workmanship.

Historically, a "masterpiece" was a work of a very high standard produced by an apprentice to obtain full membership, as a "master", of a craft guild or academy in various areas of the visual arts and crafts.
Rumbling Bridge
Rumbling Bridge (Scottish Gaelic: An Drochaid Rùchdail, Scots: Rummlin Brig) is a small village built on both sides of a gorge of the River Devon, which formed the boundary between the historic counties of Perthshire and Kinross-shire and is now within the combined Perth and Kinross council area, Scotland, where the A823 leaves the A977. It lies roughly one mile (1.5 kilometres) equidistant from Muckhart to its north, Crook of Devon to its east and Powmill to its south. Comprising only a few scattered houses until the mid-20th century, most property in the village dates from the 1970s onwards.

The village is named after an unusual double bridge, which gives off a distinctive rumbling reverberation at lower levels.

Perth and Kinross
Perth and Kinross (Scots: Pairth an Kinross; Scottish Gaelic: Peairt agus Ceann Rois) is one of the 32 council areas of Scotland, and a lieutenancy area. It is bordered by Highland and Aberdeenshire to the north, Angus, Dundee, and Fife to the east, Clackmannanshire to the south, and Stirling and Argyll and Bute to the west.

Geographically the area is split by the Highland Boundary Fault into a more mountainous northern part and a flatter southern part. The northern area is a popular tourist spot, while agriculture makes an important contribution to the southern part of the area.

The area is run by Perth and Kinross Council, which is based in Perth.
Clarence Stein
Clarence Samuel Stein (June 19, 1882 – February 7, 1975) was an American urban planner, architect, and writer, a major proponent of the garden city movement in the United States known for the Radburn concept.

Greendale, Wisconsin
Greendale is a village in Milwaukee County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 14,854 at the 2020 census. Greendale is located southwest of Milwaukee and is a part of the Milwaukee metropolitan area. A planned community, it was established by the US government during the Great Depression.