hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Stags Leap
Stags Leap, Stag's Leap or Stags' Leap  can refer to

Stags Leap District AVA, viticultural area in Napa Valley, California
Stag's Leap Wine Cellars, wine producer in the Stags Leap District owned by Ste. Michelle/Antinori
Stags' Leap Winery, wine producer in the Stags Leap District owned by Beringer Estates

Stag's Leap (book), 2012 book of poetry

Stags' Leap Winery
Stags' Leap Winery is a winery located near Yountville, California, United States, in the Stags Leap District of Napa Valley. The winery's 240-acre (97 ha) estate vineyard was first planted in 1893. In 1997, Stags' Leap was purchased by Beringer Wine Estates, which in 2000 was in turn purchased by the Australian company Foster's Group, whose two wine groups combined to become Beringer-Blass Wine Estates. Beringer-Blass was demerged from Fosters in 2011 to become Treasury Wine Estates. Robert Brittan continued the revitalization of the vineyards and winery until 2005.

A wine tasting and visitation space is being converted from the winery's 19th-century manor bed-and-breakfast, to increase its daily visitation from 10 to 40 appointments per day, with food and wine pairings, by the parent company Treasury Wine Estates
Guatemalan pygmy owl
The Guatemalan pygmy owl (Glaucidium cobanense) is a small "typical owl" in subfamily Surniinae. However, some taxonomic systems consider it to be a subspecies of northern pygmy owl (G. gnoma). It is found in Mexico, Guatemala, and Honduras.

Strigidae
The true owls or typical owls (family Strigidae) are one of the two generally accepted families of owls, the other being the barn owls and bay owls (Tytonidae).  This large family comprises 230 living or recently extinct species in 24 genera. The Strigidae owls have a cosmopolitan distribution and are found on every continent except Antarctica.
Matazō Mimata
Matazō Mimata (三又 又三, Mimata Matazō; born 27 May 1967, in Hanamaki, Iwate) is a Japanese comedian, tarento and actor. He is represented with Office Kitano. From 1992 to 2007, he acted as a Boke of the comedy duo Jordans with Masaya Yamazaki. His former stage name and real name is Tadahisa Mimata (三又 忠久, Mimata Tadahisa).

A former highschool amateur wrestler, Mimata has been a host to professional wrestling and combat sports shows. He has worked as a color commentator in shootboxing events, WWE tours and Pro Wrestling Zero1. On May 24, 2018, Mimata debuted as a professional wrestler in an "Electric Current Blast Death Match" in Zero1, wrestling against Taru in a losing effort.

Combat sport
A combat sport, or fighting sport, is a contact sport that usually involves one-on-one combat. In many combat sports, a contestant wins by scoring more points than the opponent, submitting the opponent with a hold, disabling the opponent (knockout, KO), or attacking the opponent in a specific or designated technique. Combat sports share a long history with the martial arts.

Some combat sports (and their national origin) include boxing (Greek-British), Brazilian jiu-jitsu (Japanese-Brazilian), catch wrestling (British-American), jujutsu (Japanese), judo (Japanese), freestyle wrestling (British-American), Greco-Roman wrestling (French), karate (Chinese-Okinawan-Japanese), kickboxing (numerous origins, mainly Southeast Asian), Lethwei (Burmese), mixed martial arts (numerous origins), Muay Thai (Thai), sambo (Soviet/Russian), sanda (Chinese), savate (French), taekwondo (Korean), Vale Tudo (Brazilian), pankration (Ancient Greek), luta livre (Brazilian), and folk wrestling (various).
Pretzel and the Puppies
Pretzel and the Puppies is a children's animated television series for Apple TV+. It is based on the books Pretzel and Pretzel and the Puppies by Margret Rey and H.A. Rey. The series was released on February 11, 2022. A holiday special was released on December 2, 2022. Season 2 was released on February 24, 2023.

H. A. Rey
H. A. Rey (born Hans Augusto Reyersbach; September 16, 1898 – August 26, 1977) was a German-born American illustrator and author, known best for the series of children's picture books that he and his wife Margret Rey created about Curious George.
Moeyo Ken (anime)
Moeyo Ken, known in Japan as Kidō Shinsengumi Moeyo Ken (Japanese: 機動新撰組 萌えよ剣), is a PS2 video game from 2002 about magical girl variants of Shinsengumi, a police force, and of Sakamoto Ryunosuke and his illegal companion, Nekomaru. The game was adapted into an OVA and a television series. Moeyo Ken was created by Hiroi Oji, creator of the Sakura Wars series, with character designs by Rumiko Takahashi, the creator of Urusei Yatsura, Ranma ½ and Inuyasha.

ADV Films licensed it effective September 25, 2006, for $43,335.

Rumiko Takahashi
Rumiko Takahashi (高橋 留美子, Takahashi Rumiko; born October 10, 1957) is a Japanese manga artist. With a career of several commercially successful works, beginning with Urusei Yatsura in 1978, she is one of Japan's best-known and wealthiest manga artists. Her works are known worldwide, where they have been translated into a variety of languages, with over 230 million copies in circulation; making Takahashi one of the best-selling authors of all time. She has won the Shogakukan Manga Award twice, once in 1980 for Urusei Yatsura and again in 2001 for Inuyasha, and the Seiun Award twice, once in 1987 for Urusei Yatsura and again in 1989 for Mermaid Saga. She also received the Grand Prix de la ville d'Angoulême in 2019, becoming the second woman and second Japanese to win the prize. In 2020, the Japanese government awarded Takahashi the Medal with Purple Ribbon for her contributions to the arts.
Ruwanawella Bridge
Ruwanawella Bridge is an iron arch bridge built over the Gurugoda Oya, a tributary of the Kelani River, in Ruwanwella during the British colonial era. The upper part of the bridge is 43.8 metres (144 ft) long and 3.6 metres (12 ft) wide and is the shape of an arch. A new bridge is under construction in place of this bridge.

The bridge was formally recognised by the Government as a protected archaeological monument on 6 February 2009.

On 27 May 2011 Sri Lanka Post issued a Rs.15 stamp with a photograph of the bridge, as part of a set of stamps commemorating bridges and culverts in Sri Lanka.

Sri Lankan rupee
The Sri Lankan rupee (Sinhala: රුපියල්, Tamil: ரூபாய்; symbol: ₨ in English, රු in Sinhala, ௹ in Tamil; ISO code: LKR), known until 1972 as the Ceylon rupee, is the currency of Sri Lanka. It is subdivided into 100 cents (Sinhala: සත, Tamil: சதம்), but cents are rarely seen in circulation due to their low value. It is issued by the Central Bank of Sri Lanka. The abbreviation Re (singular) and Rs (plural) is generally used, the World Bank suggests SL Rs as a fully disambiguating abbreviation for distinction from other currencies named "rupee".
Cellular adaptation
In cell biology and pathophysiology, cellular adaptation refers to changes made by a cell in response to adverse or varying environmental changes. The adaptation may be physiologic (normal) or pathologic (abnormal).

Morphological adaptations observed at the cellular level include atrophy, hypertrophy, hyperplasia, and metaplasia. In the medical context, outside of specialized branches of biomedicine, morphological adaptations are not always referenced to the fundamental cellular level, but are observed and assessed at the level of tissues and organs. Dysplasia is a process of cell change associated with cellular abnormality, which is not considered adaptive in the positive sense of adaptation.

Dysplasia
Dysplasia is any of various types of abnormal growth or development of cells (microscopic scale) or organs (macroscopic scale), and the abnormal histology or anatomical structure(s) resulting from such growth. Dysplasias on a mainly microscopic scale include epithelial dysplasia and fibrous dysplasia of bone. Dysplasias on a mainly macroscopic scale include hip dysplasia, myelodysplastic syndrome, and multicystic dysplastic kidney.

In one of the modern histopathological senses of the term, dysplasia is sometimes differentiated from other categories of tissue change including hyperplasia, metaplasia, and neoplasia, and dysplasias are thus generally not cancerous. An exception is that the myelodysplasias include a range of benign, precancerous, and cancerous forms. Various other dysplasias tend to be precancerous. The word's meanings thus cover a spectrum of histopathological variations.
Charles Gairdner
Lieutenant-General Sir Charles Henry Gairdner, GBE, KCMG, KCVO, CB (20 March 1898 – 22 February 1983) was a senior British Army officer who later occupied two viceregal positions in Australia. Born in Batavia (now Jakarta) in the Dutch East Indies, he was brought up in Ireland, and educated at Repton School and the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich, in England. Having served on active duty during the First World War, in which he sustained a serious wound to his right leg, Gairdner spent time at the Staff College, Camberley in the interwar period, and served as commanding officer of the 10th Royal Hussars, 6th Armoured Division and 8th Armoured Division during the Second World War. He retired from the army in 1949 and was appointed Governor of Western Australia in 1951, a position in which he served until 1963, when he assumed the role of Governor of Tasmania until 1968. Gairdner died in Nedlands, at the age of 84, and was awarded a state funeral.

Lieutenant-general (United Kingdom)
Lieutenant general (Lt Gen), formerly more commonly lieutenant-general, is a senior rank in the British Army and the Royal Marines. It is the equivalent of a multinational three-star rank; some British lieutenant generals sometimes wear three-star insignia, in addition to their standard insignia, when on multinational operations.

Lieutenant general is a superior rank to major general, but subordinate to a (full) general. The rank has a NATO rank code of OF-8, equivalent to a vice-admiral in the Royal Navy and an air marshal in the Royal Air Force (RAF) and the air forces of many Commonwealth countries.

The rank insignia for both the Army and the Royal Marines is a crown over a crossed sabre and baton. During the reign of Elizabeth II, the St Edward's Crown, commonly known as the Queen's Crown, was depicted. Before 1953, and again since the accession of Charles III in 2022, the Tudor Crown has been used.
Kevin Humphries
Kevin John Humphries (born 2 April 1960), an Australian politician, was a member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly representing Barwon for the Nationals from 2007 to 2019. He was the Minister for Healthy Lifestyles and Mental Health between 2011 and 2014 in the O'Farrell government; and the Minister for Western New South Wales from April 2011 to 2015. In April 2014, he was appointed as Minister for Natural Resources, Lands and Water during the Cabinet reshuffle under Premier Mike Baird.

Minister for Western New South Wales
The Minister for Western New South Wales is a minister in the New South Wales Government with responsibility for the region to the west of the Great Dividing Range in New South Wales, Australia.

It was first established in 2011 in the O'Farrell ministry. It was not responsible for any legislation, nor tasked with the management of a department. It was abolished in the second Baird ministry and the NSW Farmers' Association called for its return in the lead-up to the 2019 election. It was re-created in the second Berejiklian ministry, combined with the portfolio of Agriculture, before returning as a separate portfolio in the second Perrottet ministry.
Carl Liscombe
Harry Carlyle Liscombe (May 17, 1914 – February 24, 2004) was a Canadian ice hockey player. He played in the National Hockey League with the Detroit Red Wings between 1937 and 1946. With Detroit he won the Stanley Cup in 1943. He also won the Calder Cup with the Providence Reds of the American Hockey League in 1949. Liscombe was the last surviving member of Red Wings 1943 Stanley Cup team.

Les Cunningham Award
The Les Cunningham Award is given annually to American Hockey League's "Most Valuable Player" of the regular season, as voted on by AHL media and players.

The award was first presented in the 1947–48 season, is named after Les Cunningham, a five-time AHL All-Star and three-time Calder Cup champion who averaged better than a point per game over his 10-year playing career with the original Cleveland Barons. Upon his retirement, he was the AHL's career leader in points.
Pertine
The pertines, also known as phenylpiperazinylethylindoles, are a group of antipsychotics of the cyclized tryptamine and phenylpiperazine families that includes the following drugs:

Alpertine (WIN-31665)

Milipertine (WIN-18935)

Oxypertine (WIN-18501)

Solypertine (WIN-18413)

Oxypertine is known to show high affinity for the serotonin 5-HT2 and dopamine D2 receptors (Ki = 8.6 nM and 30 nM, respectively) and to also act as a catecholamine depleting agent. Oxypertine, milipertine, and solypertine  all antagonize the behavioral effects of tryptamine, a serotonin receptor agonist, and apomorphine, a dopamine receptor agonist, in animals.

Some of the pertines, like milipertine and solypertine, are notable in containing an NBOMe-like moiety.

The pertines were developed and initially described in the 1960s and 1970s.

Dopamine receptor D2
Dopamine receptor D2, also known as D2R, is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the DRD2 gene. After work from Paul Greengard's lab had suggested that dopamine receptors were the site of action of antipsychotic drugs, several groups, including those of Solomon H. Snyder and Philip Seeman used a radiolabeled antipsychotic drug to identify what is now known as the dopamine D2 receptor. The dopamine D2 receptor is the main receptor for most antipsychotic drugs.  The structure of DRD2 in complex with the atypical antipsychotic risperidone has been determined.
Common furniture beetle
The common furniture beetle or common house borer (Anobium punctatum) is a woodboring beetle originally from Europe but now distributed worldwide. In the larval stage it bores in wood and feeds upon it. Adult Anobium punctatum measure 2.7–4.5 millimetres (0.11–0.18 in) in length. They have brown ellipsoidal bodies with a prothorax resembling a monk's cowl.

The common furniture beetle is often confused with the drugstore beetle and cigarette beetle due to their similar appearance. The common furniture beetle can be distinguished from these other species by their lack of antennae as well as darker prothorax.

Cowl
A cowl is an item of clothing consisting of a long, hooded garment with wide sleeves, often worn by monks. It was developed during the Early Middle Ages. The term may have originally referred to the hooded portion of a cloak, though contemporary usage refers to an entire closed garment. A cowl is traditionally bestowed upon the monk at the time of making a solemn or lifetime profession. Today, it is worn primarily by most Catholic and Anglican monks when participating in liturgical services.
Philpots Island
Philpots Island is a member of the Queen Elizabeth Islands and the Arctic Archipelago in the territory of Nunavut. It is the largest of Devon Island's offshore islands, located at Devon's eastern end. It lies in Baffin Bay, with Hyde Inlet to the north, and the Parry Channel to the south.

Philpots Island is home to northern fulmars, glaucous gulls, and ivory gulls

Glaucous gull
The glaucous gull (Larus hyperboreus) is a large gull, the second-largest gull in the world. The genus name is from Latin larus, which appears to have referred to a gull or other large seabird. The specific name hyperboreus is Latin for "northern" from the Ancient Greek Huperboreoi people from the far north  "Glaucous" is from Latin glaucus and denotes the grey colour of the gull. An older English name for this species is burgomaster.
Dortmund University station
Dortmund University station (German: Haltepunkt Dortmund Universität) is an underground S-Bahn station on the line between Dortmund and Bochum in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. The station was opened on 24 September 1983 by Deutsche Bundesbahn on a new line (line 2190) built between Bochum-Langendreer and Dortmund-Dorstfeld. Like other stations on this line, it is served only by passenger trains. It is classified by Deutsche Bahn as a category 4 station.

The station has side platforms on the two track, which are both 218 m long and 96 cm high and therefore allow a level access to the trains running there. There are no other rail facilities. The station is located directly beneath the campus of the University of Dortmund. The code for the operating point is EDUV (E = former railway division of Essen, D = Dortmund, UV = University).

Witten/Dortmund–Oberhausen/Duisburg railway
The Witten/Dortmund, Oberhausen/Duisburg railway is one of the most important railways in Germany. It is the main axis of long distance and regional rail transport on the east–west axis of the Ruhr and is served by Intercity-Express, InterCity, Regional-Express, Regionalbahn and S-Bahn trains.

Strictly speaking, the line today consists of two parallel two-track lines, one for mainline trains and the other for S-Bahn trains. On several sections of the line the long-distance tracks and S-Bahn tracks follow separate routes. The long-distance tracks follows the historical route built between 1860 and 1862 by the Bergisch-Märkische Railway Company as an extension of its trunk line between Elberfeld and Dortmund.
Soninke-Marabout War (Kombo)
The Soninke-Marabout War of 1850 to 1856 was a civil war between factions of the Kingdom of Kombo in the Gambia. The war resulted from a dispute between the Soninke people – pagans who were the ruling class in Kombo – and the Marabouts – a radical Muslim group with no representation in the governance of Kombo, partially inspired by Jihad. The British Empire, to whom parts of Kombo had been ceded by the Soninke since 1816, was initially reluctant to intervene. However, during the course of the war, the British intervened on two occasions. British forces stormed the Marabout town of Sabbajee twice, in 1853, and again in 1855, razing the town following the second intervention.

The conflict in Kombo was one of many Soninke-Marabout Wars across southern Senegambia, beginning in the early 19th century and continuing until the 1880s.

Marabout
In the Muslim world, the marabout (Arabic: مُرابِط, romanized: murābiṭ, lit. 'one who is attached/garrisoned') is a descendant of Muhammad (Arabic: سـيّد, romanized: sayyid and sidi in the Maghreb) and a Muslim religious leader and teacher who historically had the function of a chaplain serving as a part of an Islamic army, notably in North Africa and the Sahara region, in West Africa, and historically in the Maghreb.

The marabout is often a scholar of the Quran, or religious teacher. Others may be wandering holy men who survive on alms or as spiritual directors of Muslim religious communities, often as muršid ('guide') of Sufi orders. The term marabout is also used for the mausolea of such religious leaders (cf. maqām, mazār, in Palestine also walī/velī).
Murder of Tommaso Onofri
The murder of Tommaso Onofri is a crime that occurred on 2 March 2006 in Casalbaroncolo, a hamlet in the municipality of the Parma, Italy. Tommaso Onofri, a 16-month old baby, was kidnapped from his family home in order to obtain a ransom, in the mistaken belief that his parents had access to significant economic resources; however, the kidnappers killed the child a few minutes after the kidnapping, likely fearing that they were already being hunted by law enforcement. The brutality of the crime was reported across Italy and internationally.

The true nature of the crime emerged about a month later, when bricklayer Mario Alessi, who had previously worked at the Onofri house, and his accomplice Salvatore Raimondi, confessed to the crime and indicated to police the place where the body had been hidden. Together with Alessi and Raimondi, the bricklayer's partner, Antonella Conserva, was also sentenced.

Ransom
Ransom refers to the practice of holding a prisoner or item to extort money or property to secure their release. It also refers to the sum of money paid by the other party to secure a captive's freedom.

When ransom means "payment", the word comes via Old French rançon from Latin redemptio, 'buying back'; compare "redemption".
Picture the Homeless
Picture the Homeless (PTH) is an American homeless person–led rights organization founded in 1999 by Lewis Haggins and Anthony Williams.  It focuses on human rights, housing, police violence and other social justice issues.

Police brutality
Police brutality is the excessive and unwarranted use of force by law enforcement against an individual or a group. It is an extreme form of police misconduct and is a civil rights violation. Police brutality includes, but is not limited to, asphyxiation, beatings, shootings, improper takedowns, racially-motivated violence and unwarranted use of tasers.
Pacman dysplasia
Pacman dysplasia, also known as Epiphyseal stippling syndrome or Osteoclastic hyperplasia syndrome, is a lethal autosomal recessive skeletal dysplasia that affects our primary bones; It has impacted from 10 - 1,000 people globally and in the United States; it does not currently have any known cure. Pacman dysplasia occurs as a result of the occurrence of genetic mutations and can be linked to the COL2A1 gene and the PLS3 gene. Primary bones can be defined as those that are first formed during our development or after damage to a bone is beginning to be repaired. Pacman dysplasia seems to affect babies during pregnancy or when they are first born. The most common symptoms include, abnormal bone ossification, abnormal calvaria (skullcap) morphology, epiphysial stippling and the bowing and/or curvature of long bones.

Dysplasia
Dysplasia is any of various types of abnormal growth or development of cells (microscopic scale) or organs (macroscopic scale), and the abnormal histology or anatomical structure(s) resulting from such growth. Dysplasias on a mainly microscopic scale include epithelial dysplasia and fibrous dysplasia of bone. Dysplasias on a mainly macroscopic scale include hip dysplasia, myelodysplastic syndrome, and multicystic dysplastic kidney.

In one of the modern histopathological senses of the term, dysplasia is sometimes differentiated from other categories of tissue change including hyperplasia, metaplasia, and neoplasia, and dysplasias are thus generally not cancerous. An exception is that the myelodysplasias include a range of benign, precancerous, and cancerous forms. Various other dysplasias tend to be precancerous. The word's meanings thus cover a spectrum of histopathological variations.