hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Garbers
Garbers is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Chase Garbers (born 1999), American football player

Chris Garbers (born 1929), South African scientist

David Garbers (1944–2006), American biologist

Emelie Garbers (born 1982), Swedish actress

Ethan Garbers (born 2002), American football player

Kate Garbers (born 1981), British activist

Kate Garbers
Kate Garbers (born 1981) is a founder and former managing director of the Bristol, UK-based anti-slavery organisation and charity Unseen. She has developed projects to support survivors of slavery, and assists and advises survivors. She also works with law enforcement agencies and governments on how to tackle trafficking, including contributing to the Modern Slavery Act 2015 and the National Referral Mechanism Review.
Ptychadena porosissima
Ptychadena porosissima is a species of frog in the family Ptychadenidae.
It is found in Angola, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Rwanda, South Africa, Eswatini, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe, possibly Burundi, possibly Lesotho, and possibly Mozambique.
Its natural habitats are temperate forest, subtropical or tropical moist montane forest, moist savanna, subtropical or tropical moist shrubland, temperate grassland, subtropical or tropical seasonally wet or flooded lowland grassland, subtropical or tropical high-altitude grassland, swamps, intermittent freshwater marshes, pastureland, rural gardens, and heavily degraded former forest.

Ptychadenidae
Ptychadenidae is a family of frogs commonly known as the grassland frogs. These frogs occur in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Ptychadenidae was previously considered to be a tribe or subfamily in the family Ranidae, but its position as a separate family is now well established.
Mitochondrial optic neuropathies
Mitochondrial optic neuropathies are a heterogenous group of disorders that present with visual disturbances resultant from mitochondrial dysfunction within the anatomy of the Retinal Ganglion Cells (RGC), optic nerve, optic chiasm, and optic tract. These disturbances are multifactorial, their aetiology consisting of metabolic and/or structural damage as a consequence of genetic mutations, environmental stressors, or both. The three most common neuro-ophthalmic abnormalities seen in mitochondrial disorders are bilateral optic neuropathy, ophthalmoplegia with ptosis, and pigmentary retinopathy.

Ganglion
A ganglion (pl.: ganglia) is a group of neuron cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system. In the somatic nervous system, this includes dorsal root ganglia and trigeminal ganglia among a few others. In the autonomic nervous system, there are both sympathetic and parasympathetic ganglia which contain the cell bodies of postganglionic sympathetic and parasympathetic neurons respectively.

A pseudoganglion looks like a ganglion, but only has nerve fibers and has few nerve cell bodies.
Sphetta apicalis
Sphetta apicalis is a moth of the family Notodontidae first described by Francis Walker in 1865. It is found in Sri Lanka.

Host plants of the caterpillar include Pongamia, Derris, Sapindus, Diospyros and Nephelium species.

Nephelium
Nephelium is a genus of about 25 species of flowering plants in the family Sapindaceae, native to southeastern Asia.

They are evergreen trees with pinnately compound leaves, and edible drupaceous fruit; one species, N. lappaceum (rambutan) is commercially important for its fruit. The genus is closely related to Litchi and Dimocarpus.

Selected species
Jalalpur, Karnataka
Jalalpur is a village in Raybag Taluk, Belagavi District, Karnataka, India. It is located near the state border with Maharashtra, approximately 83 kilometres north of the district seat Belgaum, and 6 kilometres north of the taluk seat Raibag. As of 2011, it had a total population of 4,496.

Belgaum
Belgaum (Kannada ISO: Beḷagāvi, IPA: [beɭɐɡaːʋi]; Marathi ISO: Bēḻagāṃva, IPA: [beɭɡaːũ]), officially known as Belagavi (also Belgaon), is a city in the Indian state of Karnataka located near its northern western border in the Western Ghats. It is the administrative headquarters of the eponymous Belagavi division and Belagavi district. The Government of Karnataka has proposed making Belgaum the second capital of Karnataka alongside Bangalore, hence a second state administrative building Suvarna Vidhana Soudha was inaugurated on 11 October 2012.

Belgaum has been selected in first phase out of 20 cities, as one of the hundred Indian cities to be developed as a smart city under India's flagship Smart Cities Mission.
Bouizakarne
Bouizakarne ((Berber/Tifinagh script): ⴱⵓⵢⵣⴰⴽⴰⵔⵏ, Arabic: بو يزكارن) is a town in the Guelmim Province, Guelmim-Oued Noun, in southern Morocco. In the 2014 census, it had a population of 14,228, the fifth-largest in the region and second-highest in the province after the regional capital Guelmim.

The city name is composed of two Berber (Tashelhit) words, bou/bu/ⴱⵓ, meaning 'owner of', and izakarne/izakarn/ⵉⵣⴰⴽⴰⵔⵏ, plural of izikr/ⵉⵣⵉⴽⵔ, meaning 'cord'.

The town's surrounding Anti-Atlas mountains are covered with argan trees.

Guelmim-Oued Noun
Guelmim-Oued Noun (Arabic: ڭلميم-وادي نون, romanized: gulmīm wādī nūn) is one of the twelve administrative regions of Morocco. The southeastern part of the region is located in Western Sahara, a territory that Morocco has occupied since 1975, and a small strip of land in this area is administered by the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic. The region as a whole covers an area of 46,108 km2 and had a population of 448,152 as of the 2024 Moroccan census. The capital of the region is Guelmim.
GDesklets
gDesklets is a GNOME program which provides the architecture for small applets (desktop widgets) to be placed on top of the user's desktop.  It is comparable to other desktop widget programs.  The applets placed on the desktop are meant to be quick ways for the user to retrieve information and not get in the way of normal activity.

Applet
In computing, an applet is any small application that performs one specific task that runs within the scope of a dedicated widget engine or a larger program, often as a plug-in. The term is frequently used to refer to a Java applet, a program written in the Java programming language that is designed to be placed on a web page.  Applets are typical examples of transient and auxiliary applications that do not monopolize the user's attention. Applets are not full-featured application programs, and are intended to be easily accessible.
Thomson Dam (Minnesota)
Thomson Dam, also known as the Thomson Hydro Station or Thomson Water Project, is an embankment and concrete gravity dam on the Saint Louis River near the town of Thomson in northeastern Minnesota, United States. It consists of a 1600-foot (488 m) long primary structure and multiple supplementary dams which, together with precambrian rock outcrops known as the Thomson formation, impound the river to create Thomson Reservoir.

The tallest dam in the complex is 51.6 feet (16 m) and the longest is 3500 feet (1067 m). A series of gate houses, a canal, forebay, and underground penstocks supply a hydropower plant located 3 miles away in Jay Cooke State Park. With an installed capacity of 72 MW and an annual generation of approximately 280 GWh, the Thomson project is the largest hydroelectric facility in the state.

Embankment dam
An embankment dam is a large artificial dam. It is typically created by the placement and compaction of a complex semi-plastic mound of various compositions of soil or rock. It has a water-resistant natural covering for its surface, and may feature a dense, watertight core to resist surface or seepage erosion. Such a dam is composed of fragmented independent material particles. The friction and interaction of particles binds the particles together into a stable mass rather than by the use of a cementing substance.
Fort O'Rourke
Fort O'Rourke is a former Union Army installation now located in the Belle Haven area of Fairfax County in the U.S. state of Virginia.  It was the southernmost fort built to defend Washington, D.C. in the American Civil War.

Aqueduct Bridge (Potomac River)
The Aqueduct Bridge, also called the Alexandria Aqueduct, was a bridge that carried traffic between the Georgetown neighborhood of Washington, D.C. and Rosslyn, Virginia. The bridge existed from 1843 to 1923.

It was built to transport cargo-carrying boats on the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal in Georgetown across the Potomac River to the Alexandria Canal. The same eight piers supported two bridges: a wooden canal bridge and an iron truss bridge carrying a roadway and an electric trolley line. The canal was later topped with a wooden roadway bridge. The bridge was closed in 1923 after the construction of the nearby Key Bridge, and demolished in 1933.

One arched stone abutment on the Georgetown (north) end survives; it is overseen by the National Park Service as an historic site.
Lists of custodes rotulorum
The Custos rotulorum, Latin for "keeper of the rolls" within civil government, is the keeper of the English, Welsh and Northern Irish (and, prior to 1922, southern Irish) county records. The Custos is also the principal Justice of the Peace of the county and keeper of the records of the sessions of the local courts and, by virtue of those offices, the highest civil official in the county. The position is now largely ceremonial and generally undertaken by the Lord Lieutenant of the county.

The office also exists in Jamaica.

Lord-lieutenant
A lord-lieutenant (UK: /lɛfˈtɛnənt/ lef-TEN-ənt) is the British monarch's personal representative in each lieutenancy area of the United Kingdom. Historically, each lieutenant was responsible for organising the county's militia. In 1871, the lieutenant's responsibility over the local militia was removed. However, it was not until 1921 that they formally lost the right to call upon able-bodied men to fight when needed.

Lord-lieutenant is now an honorary titular position usually awarded to a notable person in the county, and despite the title of the office, may be either male or female, peer or not.
Janko Kamauf
Janko Kamauf (1801–1874) was the last city magistrate of Gradec and the first mayor of Zagreb, the current capital of Croatia. He saw the unification of Gradec, Kaptol and several surrounding villages into Zagreb by ban Josip Jelačić in 1850 and remained the city mayor until 1857.

Ban (title)
Ban (/ˈbɑːn/) was the title of local rulers or officeholders, similar to viceroy, used in several states in Central and Southeastern Europe between the 7th and 20th centuries. The most common examples have been found in medieval Croatia and medieval regions ruled and influenced by the Kingdom of Hungary. They often ruled as the king's governmental representatives, supreme military commanders and judges, and in 18th century Croatia, even as chief government officials. In the Banate of Bosnia they were always de facto supreme rulers.
Amelia Curran (musician)
Amelia Curran is a Canadian singer-songwriter from St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador. The National Post describes her music as "a bit like Leonard Cohen being channeled in a dusty saloon by Patsy Cline."

National Post
The National Post is a Canadian English-language broadsheet newspaper and the flagship publication of the American-owned Postmedia Network. It is published Mondays through Saturdays, with Monday released as a digital e-edition only. The newspaper is distributed in the provinces of Ontario, Quebec, Alberta and British Columbia. Weekend editions of the newspaper are also distributed in Manitoba and Saskatchewan.

The newspaper was founded in 1998 by Conrad Black in an attempt to compete with The Globe and Mail. In 2001, CanWest completed its acquisition of the National Post. In 2006, the newspaper ceased distribution in Atlantic Canada and the Canadian territories. Postmedia assumed ownership of the newspaper in 2010, after the CEO of the National Post's, Paul Godfrey, assembled an ownership group to acquire CanWest's chain of newspapers.
Monkey Puss (Live in London)
Monkey Puss (Live in London) is a live album by Swedish band Entombed recorded during the 1992 Gods of Grind tour in London. It was released in 1999 on Earache Records.

Also a video version is available, which is the only official live video of early Entombed.
Originally it was released on VHS cassette, it was later re-released in 2001 on DVD. The VHS and DVD version contain five additional non-live videos (Left Hand Path, Stranger Aeons, Hollowman, Wolverine Blues and Night of the Vampire).

Monkey Puss can be seen during video as being written with feltpen on Nicke Andersson's snare drum, as well as on one of the band member's guitars, hence the album name.

Earache Records
Earache Records is a British independent record label, music publisher and management company founded by Digby Pearson in 1985, based in Nottingham, England, with offices in London and New York. The label helped to pioneer extreme metal by releasing early grindcore and death metal records between the late 1980s and mid-1990s. Its roster has since diversified into more mainstream guitar music, working with bands such as Rival Sons, the Temperance Movement, Blackberry Smoke, Scarlet Rebels and the White Buffalo. The company also hosted the 'Earache Express' stage at Glastonbury Festival in 2017 and 'The Earache Factory' at Boomtown 2018. The label's logo is a homage to Thrasher magazine, as Pearson was a skateboard culture enthusiast.
Bacharach
Bacharach (German pronunciation: [ˈbaxaʁax] ⓘ, also known as Bacharach am Rhein) is a town in the Mainz-Bingen district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Rhein-Nahe, whose seat is in Bingen am Rhein, although that town is not within its bounds.

The original name Baccaracus suggests a Celtic origin. Above the town stands Stahleck Castle (Burg Stahleck), now a youth hostel.

Hostel
A hostel is a form of low-cost, short-term shared sociable lodging where guests can rent a bed, usually a bunk bed in a dormitory sleeping 4–20 people, with shared use of a lounge and usually a kitchen. Rooms can be private or shared - mixed or single-sex - and have private or shared bathrooms. Food and beverage, laundry services, luggage storage, and lockers may also be available.

Hostels are popular forms of lodging for backpackers and with youth travel; however, most do not impose age limits. The global size of the hostel market was estimated at US$7.21 billion in 2023 and was projected to grow at a 6.5% compound annual growth rate until 2030. In 2019, there were an estimated 5,829 hostels in Europe and 4,738 hostels in Asia. The typical guest is between 16 and 34 years old, although it can vary depending on the country. Many hostels are locally owned and operated.
The Bad Boy (film)
The Bad Boy is a lost 1917 American silent crime drama film directed by Chester Withey and starring Robert Harron, Richard Cummings, and Mildred Harris. The film marks the debut of Colleen Moore, who plays a supporting role in the film.

Richard Cummings (actor)
Richard Henry Cummings (August 20, 1858 – December 25, 1938) was an American film actor of the silent era. Cummings performed in vaudeville and on stage before he began working in films. He appeared in more than 80 films between 1913 and 1930. He was born in New Haven, Connecticut, and died in Los Angeles, California.
June 1928 lunar eclipse
A total lunar eclipse occurred at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit on Sunday, June 3, 1928, with an umbral magnitude of 1.2421. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A total lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon's near side entirely passes into the Earth's umbral shadow. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. A total lunar eclipse can last up to nearly two hours, while a total solar eclipse lasts only a few minutes at any given place, because the Moon's shadow is smaller. Occurring only about 2.1 days after apogee (on June 1, 1928, at 9:00 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was smaller.

This lunar eclipse was the third of a tetrad, with four total lunar eclipses in series, the others being on June 15, 1927; December 8, 1927; and November 27, 1928.

Earth's shadow
Earth's shadow (or Earth shadow) is the shadow that Earth itself casts through its atmosphere and into outer space, toward the antisolar point. During the twilight period (both early dusk and late dawn), the shadow's visible fringe —sometimes called the dark segment or twilight wedge—appears as a dark and diffuse band just above the horizon, most distinct when the sky is clear.

Since the angular diameters of the Sun and the Moon as viewed from Earth's surface are almost the same, the ratio of the length of Earth's shadow to the distance between Earth and the Moon will be almost equal to the ratio of the diameters of Earth and the Moon.

Since Earth's diameter is 3.7 times the Moon's, the length of the planet's umbra is correspondingly 3.7 times the average distance from the Moon to Earth: about 1.4 million km (870,000 mi). The diameter of Earth's shadow at lunar distance is about 9,000 km (5,600 mi), or 2.6 lunar diameters, which allows observation of total lunar eclipses from Earth.
Anti-Heroin Act of 1924
The Anti-Heroin Act of 1924 is a United States federal law prohibiting the importation and possession of opium for the chemical synthesis of an addictive narcotic known as diamorphine or heroin. The Act of Congress amended the Smoking Opium Exclusion Act of 1909 which authorized the importation of the poppy plant for medicinal purposes utilizing an opium pipe or vaporization to consume the euphoric opiate.

The H.R. 7079 legislation was passed by the 68th United States Congressional session and enacted into law by the 30th President of the United States Calvin Coolidge on June 7, 1924.

Poppy
A poppy is a flowering plant in the subfamily Papaveroideae of the family Papaveraceae. Poppies are herbaceous plants, often grown for their colourful flowers. One species of poppy, Papaver somniferum, is the source of the narcotic drug mixture opium, which contains powerful medicinal alkaloids such as morphine and has been used since ancient times as an analgesic and narcotic medicinal and recreational drug. It also produces edible seeds. Following the trench warfare in the poppy fields of Flanders, Belgium, during World War I, poppies, specifically the red poppy, have become a symbol of remembrance of soldiers who have died during wartime, especially in the UK, Canada, Australia, Africa and other Commonwealth realms.
Trolleybuses in Brighton
The Brighton trolleybus system formerly served the town of Brighton, East Sussex, England. Opened on 1 May 1939 (1939-05-01), it gradually replaced the Brighton Corporation Tramways network.

By the standards of the various now defunct trolleybus systems in the United Kingdom, the Brighton system was a moderately sized one, with a total of nine routes. It was also unusual in that it had two operators.

Trolleybus
A trolleybus (also known as trolley bus, trolley coach, trackless trolley, trackless tram (in the 1910s and 1920s), road tram or simply trolley) is an electric bus that draws power from dual overhead lines (generally suspended from roadside posts) using spring-loaded or pneumatically raised trolley poles. Two wires, and two trolley poles, are required to complete the electrical circuit. This differs from a tram or streetcar, which normally uses the track as the return path, needing only one wire and one pole (or pantograph). They are also distinct from other kinds of electric buses, which usually rely on batteries. Power is most commonly supplied as 600-volt direct current in older systems and 750-volts in newer systems, but there are exceptions.

Currently, around 300 trolleybus systems are in operation, in cities and towns in 43 countries. Altogether, more than 800 trolleybus systems have existed, but not more than about 400 concurrently.
St Thomas the Apostle parish, Laurel Lodge
St Thomas, the Apostle parish is an ecclesiastical parish in the Blanchardstown deanery of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Dublin. It is served by the church of "St Thomas, the Apostle". The parish is centered on "Laurel Lodge" district and the townland of Carpenterstown in the civil parish of Castleknock, Fingal in Ireland. On 6 June 2018, the Archbishop of Dublin, Diarmuid Martin, concelebrated mass in the parish church on the occasion of the 25th anniversary of the laying of the building's foundation stone.

Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Dublin
The Archdiocese of Dublin (Irish: Ard-Deoise Bhaile Átha Cliath) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or  archdiocese of the Catholic Church located in the eastern part of Ireland. Its archepiscopal see includes the republic's capital city – Dublin. The cathedral church of the archdiocese is St Mary's Cathedral. Dublin was formally recognised as a metropolitan province in 1152 by the Synod of Kells. Its second archbishop, Lorcán Ua Tuathail (Anglicised as St Laurence O'Toole), is also its patron saint.

As of 2021, the incumbent Ordinary and metropolitan of the Metropolitan Province of Dublin is Archbishop Dermot Farrell, who was appointed on 29 December 2020 and installed on 2 February 2021.
None of the above (India)
Since 2013, None of the Above, abbreviated as NOTA, has been included as a choice on ballot papers in most Indian elections. By expressing a preference for none of the candidates on the ballot, a voter can choose not to endorse any candidate in the elections.

As a result of the 2013 judgement PUCL vs. Union of India, the Supreme Court of India directed the Election Commission of India to include NOTA in elections to the Lok Sabha and state legislative assemblies. The NOTA option was first used in the 2013 elections in four states (Chhattisgarh, Mizoram, Rajasthan, and Madhya Pradesh) and the union territory of Delhi.

Since its introduction, NOTA has gained popularity amongst voters, securing more votes than some candidates in legislative assembly elections, and in some instances, securing more votes than the winning candidate in panchayat elections.

State legislative assemblies of India
The State Legislative Assembly, also known as the Vidhan Sabha or the Saasana Sabha, is a legislative body in each of the states and certain union territories of India. Members of the legislative assembly are often directly elected to serve five year terms from single-member constituencies. A legislative assembly may be dissolved in a state of emergency, by the governor on request of the chief minister of the respective state or union territory, or if a motion of no confidence is passed against the ruling majority party or coalition.
Kozličić
Kozličić is a village in the municipality of Valjevo, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 237 people.

Kozličić Village - panorama

Kozličić Village - panorama

Kozličić Village - panorama

Kozličić Village - panorama

Kozličić Village - panorama

Kozličić Village - panorama

Kozličić Village - panorama

Municipalities and cities of Serbia
The municipalities and cities (Serbian: општине и градови / opštine i gradovi) are the first-level administrative division and the basic level of local government of Serbia. The country is divided into 145 municipalities and 29 cities.

Municipalities and cities form 29 administrative districts, except the City of Belgrade which is not part of any district.