hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
NGC 1409
NGC 1409 is a quiescent lenticular galaxy in the equatorial constellation of Taurus. It was discovered by the German-born astronomer William Herschel on January 6, 1785. NGC 1409 is located in close proximity to the smaller Seyfert galaxy NGC 1410, and the two are strongly interacting. Their respective nuclei have a separation of just 23 kly, and they share a diffuse stellar envelope with a radius extending out to 49 kly.

The morphological classification of this galaxy most closely matches type SB0, which indicates a barred lenticular galaxy. There is a conspicuous pipeline of dust and gas being funneled to NGC 1409 from NGC 1410. This lane has a typical width of 330 ly, passing to the north in front of NGC 1409 and then behind, becoming denser toward the galactic core. It has an estimated mass of 3×108 M☉ and is transferring mass at the estimated rate of 1.1–1.4 M☉ yr–1. However, there is no indications of recent star formation in NGC 1409 from this incoming material.

Star formation
Star formation is the process by which dense regions within molecular clouds in interstellar space—sometimes referred to as "stellar nurseries" or "star-forming regions"—collapse and form stars. As a branch of astronomy, star formation includes the study of the interstellar medium (ISM) and giant molecular clouds (GMC) as precursors to the star formation process, and the study of protostars and young stellar objects as its immediate products.  It is closely related to planet formation, another branch of astronomy.  Star formation theory, as well as accounting for the formation of a single star, must also account for the statistics of binary stars and the initial mass function. Most stars do not form in isolation but as part of a group of stars referred to as star clusters or stellar associations.
Zadonsky (rural locality)
Zadonsky (Russian: Задонский; masculine), Zadonskaya (Задонская; feminine), or Zadonskoye (Задонское; neuter) is the name of several rural localities in Rostov Oblast, Russia:

Zadonsky, Azovsky District, Rostov Oblast, a khutor in Zadonskoye Rural Settlement of Azovsky District

Zadonsky, Bagayevsky District, Rostov Oblast, a settlement in Bagayevskoye Rural Settlement of Bagayevsky District

Rostov Oblast
Rostov Oblast (Russian: Росто́вская о́бласть, romanized: Rostovskaya oblastʹ, IPA: [rɐˈstofskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), located in the Southern Federal District. The oblast has an area of 100,967 square kilometers (38,984 sq mi) and a population of 4,200,729 (2021 Census), making it the sixth most populous federal subject in Russia. Its administrative center is the city of Rostov-on-Don, which also became the administrative center of the Southern Federal District in 2002.
Caloptilia coruscans
Caloptilia coruscans is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from south-western Europe and Thrace.

The larvae feed on Pistacia atlantica, Pistacia lentiscus, Rhus doica, Rhus oxyacanthoides and Schinus molle. They mine the leaves of their host plant.

Pistacia atlantica
Pistacia atlantica  is a species of pistachio tree known by the English common name Mt. Atlas mastic tree, Atlas pistachio, Atlantic pistacio, Atlantic terebinth, wild pistachio, and Cyprus turpentine tree.

P. atlantica has three subspecies or varieties which have been described as atlantica, cabulica, and mutica. According to molecular phylogenetic studies, P. atlantica subsp. kurdica is actually a separate species, Pistacia eurycarpa.
Teethsucker (Yea3x)
"Teethsucker (Yea3x)" (stylized in caps as TEETHSUCKER (YEA3X)) is a song by American rapper and singer Rico Nasty. It is the first single, released on February 20, 2025, from her third studio album, Lethal.

Electronic rock
Electronic rock (also known as synth rock and electro rock) is a music genre that involves a combination of rock music and electronic music, featuring instruments typically found within both genres. It originates from the late 1960s when rock bands began incorporating electronic instrumentation into their music. Electronic rock acts usually fuse elements from other music styles, including punk rock, industrial rock, hip hop, techno and synth-pop, which has helped spur subgenres such as indietronica, dance-punk and electroclash.
40S ribosomal protein S4, Y isoform 1
40S ribosomal protein S4, Y isoform 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RPS4Y1 gene.

Cytoplasmic ribosomes, organelles that catalyze protein synthesis, consist of a small 40S subunit and a large 60S subunit. Together these subunits are composed of 4 RNA species and approximately 80 structurally distinct proteins. This gene encodes ribosomal protein S4, a component of the 40S subunit. Ribosomal protein S4 is the only ribosomal protein known to be encoded by more than one gene, namely this gene, RPS4Y2 and the ribosomal protein S4, X-linked (RPS4X). The 3 isoforms encoded by these genes are not identical, but appear to be functionally equivalent. Ribosomal protein S4 belongs to the S4E family of ribosomal proteins. It has been suggested that haploinsufficiency of the ribosomal protein S4 genes plays a role in Turner syndrome; however, this hypothesis is controversial.

Ribosome
A ribosome (/ˈraɪbəzoʊm, -soʊm/) is a ribonucleoprotein particle found in all cells, both prokaryotic and eukaryotic, responsible for the synthesis of proteins. A ribosome functions as a molecular machine in the translation of strands of messenger RNA (mRNA) and production of a protein. A ribosome links amino acids together in the order specified by the codons of mRNA molecules to form polypeptide chains. A ribosome is made up of a large and a small subunit, each consisting of one or more ribosomal RNA molecules and many ribosomal proteins. The ribosomes and associated molecules are also known as the translational apparatus.

Ribosome biogenesis is the process of making ribosomes. This is an energy-consuming, dynamic process, requiring the synthesis of around 200 proteins in the processing of ribosomal RNAs and assembling them with ribosomal proteins to make the ribosomes subunits.
Aleksandr Dereven
Aleksandr Yuryevich Dereven (Russian: Александр Юрьевич Деревень; born 26 March 1992) is a former Russian handball player for the Russian national team.

He participated at the 2015 World Men's Handball Championship in Qatar.

EHF Champions League
The EHF Champions League is the most important club handball competition for men's teams in Europe and involves the leading teams from the top European nations. The competition is organised every year by EHF. The official name for the men's competition is the EHF Champions League Men.

The EHF coefficient rank decides which teams have access and in which stage they enter.
Oceanosuchus
Oceanosuchus is a genus of pholidosaurid mesoeucrocodylian, a type of marine crocodylomorph.  It is known from a skull and partial skeleton found in early Cenomanian-age rocks from Normandy, France. The rostrum of the skull was relatively short compared to other pholidosaurids. Oceanosuchus was described in 2007 by Hua and colleagues.  The type species is O. boecensis.

Rostrum (anatomy)
Rostrum (from Latin rostrum, meaning beak) is a term used in anatomy for several kinds of hard, beak-like structures projecting out from the head or mouth of an animal. Despite some visual similarity, many of these are phylogenetically unrelated structures in widely varying species.
Taycheedah Correctional Institution
Taycheedah Correctional Institution is a prison in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin, near the Town of Taycheedah. Established in 1921, it was known until 1975 as the Wisconsin Home for Women. The facility houses maximum-security and medium-security adult females, with a population of 985 as of June 30, 2025.

Taycheedah, Wisconsin
Taycheedah (originally Taychedah) is a town in Fond du Lac, United States. The population was 3,666 at the 2000 census. The census-designated places of St. Peter and Taycheedah and the unincorporated communities of Hopokoekau Beach, Linden Beach, Minawa Beach, Peebles, Silica, and Welling Beach are located in the town, as well as Malone, which is partially located in the town.
Pastry (DHT)
Pastry is an overlay network and routing network for the implementation of a distributed hash table (DHT) similar to Chord. The key–value pairs are stored in a redundant peer-to-peer network of connected Internet hosts. The protocol is bootstrapped by supplying it with the IP address of a peer already in the network and from then on via the routing table which is dynamically built and repaired. It is claimed that because of its redundant and decentralized nature there is no single point of failure and any single node can leave the network at any time without warning and with little or no chance of data loss. The protocol is also capable of using a routing metric supplied by an outside program, such as ping or traceroute, to determine the best routes to store in its routing table.

Routing table
In computer networking, a routing table, or routing information base (RIB), is a data table stored in a router or a network host that lists the routes to particular network destinations, and in some cases, metrics (distances) associated with those routes. The routing table contains information about the topology of the network immediately around it.

The construction of routing tables is the primary goal of routing protocols. Static routes are entries that are fixed, rather than resulting from routing protocols and network topology discovery procedures.
Polygonum delopyrum
Polygonum delopyrum (synonym Polygonella ciliata), the fringed jointweed or hairy jointweed, is a plant species endemic to Florida. It is found in pinelands and sandy pine barrens at elevations less than 50 m, in central and southern parts of the state.

Polygonum delopyrum is an annual herb up to 110 cm tall, branching above the base. Leaves are narrow and linear, up to 5 cm long, with cilia (long flexible hairs) along the margins. Inflorescence is up to 45 mm long. Flowers are white, some hermaphroditic (male and female together) but others pistillate (female only). Achenes are brown, triangular in cross-section, up to 4 mm long.

Pine barrens
Pine barrens, pine plains, sand plains, or pineland areas occur throughout the  U.S. from Florida to Maine (see Atlantic coastal pine barrens) as well as the Midwest, West, and Canada and parts of Eurasia. Perhaps the most well known pine-barrens area to North Americans is the New Jersey Pine Barrens. Pine barrens are generally pine forests in otherwise "barren" and agriculturally challenging areas.  Such pine forests often occur on dry, acidic, infertile soils, and also include grasses, forbs, and low shrubs. The most extensive pine barrens occur in large areas of sandy glacial deposits (including outwash plains), lakebeds, and outwash terraces along rivers.
Coat of arms of Madrid
The main components of the Coat of arms of Madrid (the bear and the strawberry tree) have their origin in the Middle Ages. The different coats of arms have experienced several modifications, losing for example motifs often displayed in early designs such as water and flint.

In 1822, the municipal council adopted a design that entailed the addition of a gryphon and civic crown, which were removed in 1967.

The shield is argent, a bear sable supported on a strawberry tree vert fructed gules; on a bordure azure seven stars argent. The shield is adorned with a large open royal crown of gold and precious stones, with eight rosettes (five visible) alternating with eight pearls; this crown is commonly used in Spanish heraldry for territorial and municipal arms.

The image of the seven stars, the bear and the strawberry tree is also a component of the badge of the local football club Atlético Madrid.

Civic Crown
The Civic Crown (Latin: corona civica) was a military decoration during the Roman Republic and the subsequent Roman Empire, given to Romans who saved the lives of fellow citizens. It was regarded as the second highest decoration to which a citizen could aspire (the Grass Crown being held in higher regard). It took the form of a chaplet of common oak leaves woven to form a crown. It was reserved for Roman citizens who saved the lives of fellow citizens by slaying an enemy on a spot held by the enemy that same day. The citizen saved must admit it; no one else could be a witness.
62nd General Assembly of Prince Edward Island
The 62nd General Assembly of Prince Edward Island was in session from November 12, 2003 to April 30, 2007. The Progressive Conservative Party led by Pat Binns formed the government.

Gregory Deighan was elected speaker.

There were four sessions of the 62nd General Assembly:

Pat Binns
Patrick George Binns (born October 8, 1948) is a Canadian diplomat, the 30th premier of Prince Edward Island from 1996 to 2007 and Canadian Ambassador to Ireland from 2007 to 2010.

Binns has a long history of public service, most notably being the 30th Premier of PEI for 11 years, during which time he was the leader of the Progressive Conservative Party of Prince Edward Island.

During his premiership, Binns was known as the province's "affable and unassuming premier."

He also served as Canada's Consul General in Boston, Massachusetts.
Borhan Mansournia
Borhan Mansournia (Persian: بُرهان منصورنیا; Borhān Mansūrniyā; 22 July 1991 - 18 November 2019) was a 28 year old Kurdish veterinarian, serving his mandatory military service in the city of Kermanshah, in the west of Iran. Mansournia suffered a gunshot wound to his abdomen during the 2019-20 protests in Iran, also known as "Bloody Aban" (the month of Aban in the Persian Solar Hijri calendar corresponds with November in the Gregorian calendar).

Mansournia's death garnered attention after his family took to social media to denounced attempts by the authorities to declare Mansournia a "martyr", having been killed while on duty serving the Islamic Republic in Iran.

Martyrdom in Iran
The concept of martyrdom is understood in the Western world as facing persecution and giving of one's life for a set of beliefs, most often religious beliefs. The definition of martyrdom is expanded in Iran, where martyrs (Persian: شهیدان, romanized: šahidân, sing. شهید šahid) are greatly revered, including martyrs from the distant past as well as martyrs from the modern age. In Iran, Shia Islam is the majority religion, at 89% of the estimated 79 million inhabitants, and is a very important part of public and political life.  The Shia concept of Martyrdom has been shaped by the deaths of the early martyrs of the Shia faith, Ali and Husayn ibn Ali, and Iranian society and government have further shaped the understanding of martyrdom in the modern age.
Douglas Entrance
The Douglas Entrance (also known as La Puerta del Sol) is a historic site in Coral Gables, Florida. It is located at the junction of Douglas Road and Tamiami Trail (US 41). The architect was Phineas Paist and it was completed in 1924. On September 22, 1972, it is listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places.

The Douglas Entrance design also involved Denman Fink and Walter De Garmo.

Tamiami Trail
The Tamiami Trail (/ˈtæmiˌæmi/) is the southernmost 284 miles (457 km) of U.S. Highway 41 (US 41) from State Road 60 (SR 60) in Tampa to US 1 in Miami. A portion of the road is officially State Road 90 (SR 90), but not signposted as such.

The 163-mile (262 km) north–south section (unsignposted SR 45) extends to Naples, whereupon it becomes an east–west road (unsignposted SR 90) crossing the Everglades (and forming part of the northern border of Everglades National Park). It becomes Southwest 8th Street in Miami-Dade County, famously known as Calle Ocho through the Little Havana neighborhood of Miami (and site of the eponymous annual festival), before ending east of Miami Avenue as Southeast 8th Street at Brickell Avenue in Brickell, Downtown Miami.
2021–22 Luxembourg National Division
The 2021–22 Luxembourg National Division season is the 108th of top-tier association football in Luxembourg. The season began on 7 August 2021 and ended on 22 May 2022. The league champion will qualify to compete in the 2022–23 UEFA Champions League.

Fola Esch are the defending league champions.

Luxembourg Division of Honour
The Division of Honour (Luxembourgish: Éierepromotioun, French: Promotion d'Honneur, German: Ehrenpromotion) is the second-level football league in Luxembourg. It lies below the National Division and above the 1. Division.
Bastian Pagez
Bastian Pagez was a French servant and musician at the court of Mary, Queen of Scots. He was born in Auvergne. He devised part of the entertainment at the baptism of Prince James at Stirling Castle in 1566. When Mary was exiled in England, Bastian and his family continued in her service. The 19th-century historians Agnes Strickland and William Barclay Turnbull considered his court role as equivalent to the English Master of the Revels; in England he was Mary's chamber valet and designed her embroidery patterns.

Master of the Revels
The Master of the Revels was the holder of a position within the English, and later the British, royal household, heading the "Revels Office" or "Office of the Revels". The Master of the Revels was an executive officer under the Lord Chamberlain. Originally he was responsible for overseeing royal festivities, known as revels, and he later also became responsible for stage censorship, until this function was transferred to the Lord Chamberlain in 1624.  However, Henry Herbert, the deputy Master of the Revels and later the Master, continued to perform the function on behalf of the Lord Chamberlain until the English Civil War in 1642, when stage plays were prohibited. The office continued almost until the end of the 18th century, although with rather reduced status.
Alpine skiing at the 1948 Winter Olympics – Men's combined
The men's alpine skiing combined event was part of the alpine skiing at the 1948 Winter Olympics programme. It was the second appearance of the event. The competition consisted of a downhill race held on Monday, 2 February and two slalom heats held on Wednesday, 4 February 1948. Seventy-nine alpine skiers from 24 nations competed.

Downhill (ski competition)
Downhill is a form of alpine skiing competition. Whereas the other alpine skiing events (slalom, giant slalom, super giant slalom, and combined) emphasize turning and technique, downhill emphasizes "the six components of technique, courage, speed, risk, physical condition and judgement", according to the FIS "International Ski Competition Rules (ICR)". Speeds of up to 130 km/h (81 mph) are common in international competition. Athletes must have an aerodynamically efficient tuck position to minimize drag and increase speed.

The term, "downhill skiing", is also used as a synonym for alpine skiing as a recreational activity.
Matt Simm
Matthew Turnbull Simm (4 January 1869 – 8 October 1928) was a National Democratic and Labour Party Member of Parliament (MP) representing Wallsend, from 1918 to 1922.

At the 1922 general election he stood for re-election as a candidate of the National Liberals but came fourth as the seat was won by Patrick Hastings of the Labour Party.

Wallsend (UK Parliament constituency)
Wallsend was a parliamentary constituency centred on Wallsend, a town on the north bank of the River Tyne in North Tyneside.

It returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1918 to 1997.
Uno Ugandi
Uno Ugandi (22 June 1931 Tallinn – 18 May 2020) was an Estonian physician and politician.

From 1962 until 1968, Ugandi worked as a surgeon on the island of Saaremaa. From 1968 until 1977, he was a surgeon at the Rapla District Central Hospital, becoming the head of the department in 1973. From 1977 to 1990, he worked as the head of the surgery department of Paide District Central Hospital.

He was a member of Supreme Council of the Republic of Estonia. On 20 August 1991, he voted to in favour of the restoration of Estonian Republic. He was also a member of Estonian Congress.

In 2002, he was awarded with the Order of the National Coat of Arms, V class. In 2006 he was awarded with Order of the National Coat of Arms, III class.

Supreme Soviet of the Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic
The Supreme Soviet of the Estonian SSR (Estonian: Eesti NSV Ülemnõukogu) was the  highest organ of state authority  of the Estonian SSR. Before 1988, the Supreme Soviet had no meaningful political role. After its first democratic elections on 18 March 1990, the institution was renamed the Supreme Council of the Republic of Estonia on 8 May 1990.
1993 English cricket season
The 1993 English cricket season was the 94th in which the County Championship had been an official competition. It included the debut in England of Shane Warne and his "Gatting Ball". Australia, led by Allan Border, won the Ashes series 4–1. Mike Gatting led Middlesex to another Britannic Assurance County Championship.

Ball of the Century
The Ball of the Century, also referred to as the Gatting Ball or simply That Ball, is a cricket delivery bowled by Australian spin bowler Shane Warne to English batter Mike Gatting on 4 June 1993, the second day of the first Test of the 1993 Ashes series, at Old Trafford in Manchester. With his first ball against England, in his first Ashes Test, Warne produced a spectacular delivery that bowled Gatting out. It became recognised as being of significance not just in the context of the match, but more generally in signalling a revival of leg spin bowling.
Jesús Morales
Jesús Morales Martínez (born December 18, 1985) is a Mexican former professional footballer, who last played as a striker for C.F. La Piedad, wearing jersey #25. He made his debut for Chivas de Guadalajara April 9, 2005 against Chiapas, a game which resulted in a 0–2 loss for Guadalajara.  At one point during 2006, he was loaned to Chivas USA of Major League Soccer, and played seven games for the team.

Jaguares F.C.
Jaguares Fútbol Club, simplified as Jaguares FC, is a Mexican professional football club based in Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas. It competes in Liga Premier, the third level division of Mexican football, and plays its home  matches at the Estadio Victor Manuel Reyna. Founded in 2002 as Jaguares de Chiapas Fútbol Club, the club changed its name to Chiapas Fútbol Club in 2013. The San Luis franchise was moved to Tuxtla Gutiérrez, after the original Jaguares franchise was moved to Querétaro in 2013. The club was disaffiliated and dissolved after its relegation in 2017, and refounded in 2024 under its current name.
Fourth Wowereit senate
The fourth Wowereit senate was the state government of Berlin between 2011 and 2014, sworn in on 24 November 2011 after Klaus Wowereit was elected as Governing Mayor by the members of the Abgeordnetenhaus of Berlin. It was the 25th Senate of Berlin.

It was formed after the 2011 Berlin state election by the Social Democratic Party (SPD) and Christian Democratic Union (CDU). Excluding the Governing Mayor, the senate comprised eight members, called Senators. Three were members of the SPD, four were members of the CDU, and one was an independent politician (nominated by the SPD).

After Wowereit's resignation as Governing Mayor, the fourth Wowereit senate was succeeded by the first Müller senate on 11 December 2014.

Berlin House of Representatives
The Berlin House of Representatives (German: Abgeordnetenhaus (German: [ˈʔapɡəʔɔʁdnətn̩ˌhaʊs] ⓘ) is the state parliament (Landtag) of Berlin, Germany according to the city-state's constitution. In 1993, the parliament moved from Rathaus Schöneberg to its present house on Niederkirchnerstraße in Mitte, which from 1899 until 1934 was the seat of the Prussian House of Representatives. The current president of the parliament is Cornelia Seibeld (CDU).