hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Defile (geography)
In geography, a defile is a narrow pass or gorge between mountains or hills. The term originates from a military description of a route through which troops can march only in a narrow column or with a narrow front. On emerging from a defile (or something similar) into open country, soldiers are said to "debouch".

Column (formation)
In military terminology, a column is a tactical formation of fighters moving together in one or more files in which the file is significantly longer than the width of ranks in the formation. The column formation allows the unit rapid movement and a very effective charge (due to weight of numbers), and it can quickly form square to resist cavalry attacks, but by its nature only a fraction of its muskets are able to open fire.

The line formation offers a substantially larger musket frontage than the column, allowing for greater shooting capability, but requires extensive training to allow the unit to move over ground as one while retaining the line. It is also applied by modern armies to vehicles, troops and naval vessels.
Jeff Panzer (ice hockey)
Jeff Panzer (born April 7, 1978) is an American former professional ice hockey player.

Panzer was named the United States Hockey League (USHL) Player of the Year for the 1995–96 season. He attended the University of North Dakota from 1998 to 2001, where while playing for their men's ice hockey team, he was named an NCAA First Team All-American and was selected as a finalist for the Hobey Baker Award for both the 1999–2000 and 2000–01 seasons. Panzer was named the 2000–01 WCHA Player of the Year. In 2012, Panzer was named to the College Hockey Weekly "2000s All-Decade First Team".

Panzer went on to play nine seasons of professional hockey, including 281 games in the American Hockey League (AHL) with the Worcester IceCats, Syracuse Crunch and Grand Rapids Griffins.

Syracuse Crunch
The Syracuse Crunch are a professional ice hockey team based in Syracuse, New York. They are the American Hockey League (AHL) affiliate of the National Hockey League's Tampa Bay Lightning. They play their home games at the Upstate Medical University Arena.
Pagetia
Pagetia is a genus of small trilobite, assigned to the Eodiscinid family Pagetiidae and which had global distribution during the Middle Cambrian. The genus contains 55 currently recognized species, each with limited spatial and temporal ranges.

Phyllopod bed
The Phyllopod bed, designated by USNM locality number 35k, is the most famous fossil-bearing member of the Burgess Shale fossil Lagerstätte.  It was quarried by Charles Walcott from 1911 to 1917 (and later named Walcott Quarry) and was the source of 95% of the fossils he collected during this time;
tens of thousands of soft-bodied fossils representing over 150 genera have been recovered from the Phyllopod bed alone.
Bloomsbury (ward)
Bloomsbury is a ward in the London Borough of Camden, in the United Kingdom. It covers much of the historic area of Bloomsbury, and also some of Covent Garden and Fitzrovia.

The ward has existed since the creation of the borough on 1 April 1965 and was first used in the 1964 elections, although its boundaries have evolved significantly over time. Since 1983, the ward has been in the Holborn and St Pancras constituency, having previously been in Holborn and St Pancras South. It elects three councillors to Camden council, currently all held by the Labour Party, with an election every four years. In 2018, the ward had an electorate of 8,318. The Boundary Commission projects the electorate to rise to 8,541 by 2025.

Local Government Boundary Commission for England
The Local Government Boundary Commission for England (LGBCE) is a parliamentary body established by statute to conduct boundary, electoral and structural reviews of local government areas in England. The LGBCE is independent of government and political parties, and is directly accountable to the Speaker's Committee of the House of Commons.
Kakejcov
Kakejcov (Czech pronunciation: [ˈkakɛjtsof]) is a municipality and village in Rokycany District in the Plzeň Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 100 inhabitants.

Kakejcov lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) south of Rokycany, 21 km (13 mi) south-east of Plzeň, and 74 km (46 mi) south-west of Prague.

Rokycany
Rokycany (Czech pronunciation: [ˈrokɪtsanɪ]; German: Rokitzan) is a town in the Plzeň Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 14,000 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.
Mercedes-Benz CL-Class
The Mercedes-Benz CL-Class was a line of grand tourers which are produced by German automaker Mercedes-Benz, produced from 1992 to 2014. The name CL stands for the German Coupé Luxusklasse (Coupé-Luxury). It was considered by Mercedes as their premier model.

In 2015 Mercedes officially ceased using the CL-Class designation, returning the vehicle's name back to the S-Class Coupe/Convertible, replacing it with the C217 S-Class Coupé.

Pillar (car)
The pillars on a car with permanent roof body style (such as four-door sedans) are the vertical or nearly vertical supports of its window area or greenhouse—designated respectively as the A, B, C and (in larger cars such as 4-door station wagons and sport utility vehicles) D-pillar, moving from front to rear, in profile view.
G. Raghu Achar
Govindchar Raghu Achar is a political activist and was a member of the Karnataka Legislative Council. He joined Janata Dal (Secular) in April 2023.

Achar was a former member of the Congress party and an ex-Member of the Legislative Council (MLC) who subsequently joined the Janata Dal (Secular) in Bengaluru. This decision was made after Achar's request for a ticket to contest the upcoming Assembly elections from Chitradurga was not granted.

Chitradurga Assembly constituency
Chitradurga Assembly constituency is one of the seats in Karnataka Legislative Assembly in India. It is part of Chitradurga Lok Sabha constituency.

K. C. Veerendra Puppy is the current MLA from Chitradurga.
Khambale
Khambale is a village in the Palghar district of Maharashtra, India. It is located in the Dahanu taluka.

The Prakritized form of the Sanskrit name "Skambha-pallam" is mentioned as a name of Khambale in the 15th-17th century Marathi-language text Mahikavatichi Bakhar.

Mahikavatichi Bakhar
Mahikavatichi Bakhar ("The Annals of Mahikavati"), also known as Śrī Biṁbākhyāna, is a Marathi language chronicle about the medieval history of northern Konkan region of present-day Maharashtra, India. Originally written by Keshavacharya in the 15th century, it was updated by several authors before being finalized as a single book in the 17th century. Although full of historical inaccuracies, it is an important source for the history of the Mumbai region.
Talagabodas
Mount Talagabodas or Mount Telagabodas (which means Mount of White Lake (refer to white crater lake) in Sundanese) is a stratovolcano in West Java, Indonesia. The volcano is about 25 km to the east of the town of Garut and is built up of andesitic lavas and pyroclastics. Fumaroles, mud pots and hot springs are found around the crater lake. Changes of the lake color occurred in 1913 and 1921. The diameter of crater lake is less than 2 km and lies at an altitude of 1,720 m or 1,020 m above Garut plains.

Mt Talagabodas is just north of Galunggung volcano which attracted global attention following an eruption in 1982 that, amongst other things, caused widely reported disruption to international air travel and an emergency for British Airways Flight 9 travelling from Kuala Lumpur to Perth in June 1982.

Pyroclastic rock
Pyroclastic rocks are clastic rocks composed of rock fragments produced and ejected by explosive volcanic eruptions. The individual rock fragments are known as pyroclasts. Pyroclastic rocks are a type of volcaniclastic deposit, which are deposits made predominantly of volcanic particles. Phreatic pyroclastic deposits are a variety of pyroclastic rock formed from volcanic steam explosions and are entirely composed of accidental clasts. Phreatomagmatic pyroclastic deposits are formed from explosive interaction of magma with groundwater. Pyroclastic material has been produced during some of history's most powerful volcanic eruptions, including the 79 AD eruption of Mount Vesuvius, the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens, the large eruptions from the Yellowstone Caldera, and the 1991 eruption of Mount Pinatubo. The word pyroclastic comes from the Ancient Greek words pyr, meaning "fire", and klastos, meaning "broken in pieces".
Yap Ah Loy
Kapitan China Yap Ah Loy (Chinese: 葉亞來; pinyin: Yè Yǎlái; Cantonese Yale: Yihp A-lòih; Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Ya̍p Â-lòi, Jawi: يب الوي‎; 14 March 1837 – 15 April 1885), also known as Yap Tet Loy and Yap Mao Lan, is an important figure of early Kuala Lumpur. He served as the third Kapitan China of Kuala Lumpur, and in this administrative capacity, played an important role in developing the city as a commercial and mining centre during the 19th century.

After the independence of the Federation of Malaya from the British Empire on 31 August 1957 and later the Formation of Malaysia in 1963, Kuala Lumpur became the capital of Malaysia. Today, there is a street named after him in the heart of Chinatown in Kuala Lumpur, known as "Jalan Yap Ah Loy" or "Yap Ah Loy Road".

Federation of Malaya
Malaya, officially the Federation of Malaya, was a country in Southeast Asia from 1948 to 1963. It succeeded the Malayan Union and, before that, British Malaya. It comprised eleven states – nine Malay states and two of the Straits Settlements, Penang and Malacca. It was established on 1 February 1948.

Initially a self-governing colony of the United Kingdom, Malaya became fully sovereign on 31 August 1957, and on 16 September 1963, Malaya was superseded by Malaysia when it united with Singapore, North Borneo (Sabah) and Sarawak. Singapore was expelled on 9 August 1965, leaving the original states of Malaya along with Sarawak and Sabah – now collectively known as East Malaysia – to form modern-day Malaysia, while the former Federation of Malaya is now referred to as Peninsular Malaysia or West Malaysia.
Tvishi Hydro Power Plant
Tvishi Hydro Power Plant will be a large power plant in Tsageri Municipality, Racha-Lechkhumi and Kvemo Svaneti, Georgia two has two turbines with a nominal capacity of 55 MW each having a total capacity of 110 MW.

Tsageri Municipality
Tsageri (Georgian: ცაგერის მუნიციპალიტეტი [t̪͡s̪ʰäge̞ɾis mun̪it̪͡s̪ʰip'älit'e̞t'i], Cageris municiṗaliṫeṫi) is a district of Georgia, in the region of Racha-Lechkhumi and Kvemo Svaneti. Its main town is Tsageri.
Lattanzi
Lattanzi is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Chloe Lattanzi (born 1986), American actress and singer

Flavia Lattanzi (born 1940), Italian lawyer and judge

Giorgio Lattanzi (born 1939), Italian judge

Josh Lattanzi, American musician

Lattanzio Lattanzi (died 1587), Italian Roman Catholic prelate

Matt Lattanzi (born 1959), American actor and dancer

Pasquale Lattanzi (born 1950), Italian footballer

Tina Lattanzi (1897–1997), Italian actress

Giorgio Lattanzi
Giorgio Lattanzi (born 26 January 1939) is an Italian judge. He was judge of the Constitutional Court of Italy from 9 December 2010 to 9 December 2019 and president from 8 March 2018 until the end of his mandate.
Frederick Goodwyn
Frederick Wyldman Goodwyn (20 January 1850 – 23 April 1931) was an English first-class cricketer. He was a right-handed batsman who played mainly for Gloucestershire County Cricket Club from 1871 to 1873. Goodwyn was born at Calicut, Kerala, India.

Goodwyn made 3 first-class appearances, scoring 69 runs @ 23.00 with a highest innings of 38. He held no catches in his career and did not bowl.

Goodwyn died at St Leonards-on-Sea, Sussex on 23 April 1931.

St Leonards-on-Sea
St Leonards-on-Sea (commonly known as St Leonards) is a town and seaside resort in the borough of Hastings in East Sussex, England. It has been part of the borough since the late 19th century and lies to the west of central Hastings. The original part of the settlement was laid out in the early 19th century as a new town: a place of elegant houses designed for the well-off; it also included a central public garden, a hotel, an archery, assembly rooms and a church. Today's St Leonards has extended well beyond that original design, although the original town still exists within it.
15 Trianguli
15 Trianguli is a suspected variable star located in the northern constellation Triangulum, with an apparent magnitude of 5.4 making it faintly visible to the naked eye under ideal conditions, although it is suspected of being an irregular variable with a range of 0.14 magnitudes. The star is situated about 480 light years away but is approaching with a heliocentric radial velocity of −8.646 km/s.

15 Trianguli has a stellar classification of M3 III. It has 1.7 times the mass of the Sun and 118 times the radius of the Sun. It has an effective temperature of 3,572 K and shines at 1,668 times the luminosity of the Sun from its photosphere, giving it an orange glow.  It is an asymptotic giant branch star, which means it is fusing hydrogen and helium in separate shells around an inert carbon core.

Metre per second
The metre per second  is the unit of both speed (a scalar quantity) and velocity (a vector quantity, which has direction and magnitude) in the International System of Units (SI), equal to the speed of a body covering a distance of one metre in a time of one second. As the base unit for speed in the SI, it is commonly used in physics, mechanics, and engineering contexts. It represents both scalar speed and vector velocity, depending on context. According to the definition of metre, 1 m/s is exactly ⁠1/299792458⁠ of the speed of light.

The SI unit symbols are m/s, m·s−1, m s−1, or ⁠m/s⁠.
Erwin Thaler
Erwin Thaler (21 May 1930, in Innsbruck – 29 November 2001) was an Austrian bobsledder who competed in the 1960s. He won two silver medals in the four-man event at the 1964 and 1968 Winter Olympics.

Thaler also won two medals at the FIBT World Championships with gold in the two-man event in 1967 and a bronze in the four-man event in 1963.

IBSF World Championships (bobsleigh and skeleton)
The IBSF World Championships (known as the FIBT World Championships until 2015), part of the International Bobsleigh and Skeleton Federation, have taken place on an annual basis since 1930. Starting with 2002, World Championships are not being held in Winter Olympic years. A two-man event was included in 1931 with a combined championship occurring in 1947. Men's skeleton was introduced as a championship of its own in 1982 while women's bobsleigh and skeleton events were introduced in 2000. Both the women's bobsleigh and skeleton events were merged with the men's bobsleigh events at the 2004 championships. A mixed team event, consisting of one run each of men's skeleton, women's skeleton, 2-man bobsleigh, and 2-women bobsleigh, was held from 2007 to 2019. In 2020 it was replaced with skeleton mixed team event, consisting of one run each of men's and women's skeleton. Women's monobob event was included in 2021.
Nor Lípez Province
Nor Lípez is a province in the Bolivian department of Potosí. Its seat is Colcha "K", also called Villa Martín. The majority of the area of the province was titled as the Nor Lípez Native Community Land on 19 April 2011. One of the largest mines of  Bolivia, the San Cristóbal Mine, is located near San Cristóbal in Colcha "K" municipality.

Provinces of Bolivia
A province is the second largest administrative division in Bolivia, after a department. Each department is divided into provinces. There are 112 provinces.

The country's provinces are further divided into 337 municipalities which are administered by an alcalde and municipal council.
Susie Orbach
Susie Orbach (born 6 November 1946) is a British psychotherapist, psychoanalyst, writer and social critic. Her first book, Fat is a Feminist Issue, analysed the psychology of dieting and over-eating in women, and she has campaigned against media pressure on girls to feel dissatisfied with their physical appearance. She was married to the author Jeanette Winterson. She is honoured in BBC'S 100 Women in 2013 and 2014 and was elected a Fellow of the Royal Academy of Literature in 2019. She was the therapist to Diana, Princess of Wales during the 1990s.

100 Women (BBC)
100 Women is a BBC multi-format series established in 2013. The annual series examines the role of women in the 21st century and has included events in London and Mexico. Announcement of the list is the start of an international "BBC's women season", lasting three weeks including broadcast, online reports, debates and journalism on the topic of women. Women around the world are encouraged to participate via social media and comment on the list, as well as on the interviews and debates that follow release of the list.
Hans Jakob (Esperantist)
Hans Jakob Notz (Heidelberg, 15 December 1891 – Geneva, 1967) was a German-born Swiss Esperantist. His real name was Franz.

A student of Commerce, he moved from Heidelberg to Geneva in 1912, so that he could follow his studies. He would live in Geneva the rest of his life.

There he started to work for the World Esperanto Association, of which he had been a member since 1909. In 1934 he resigned from the role of Director, as a form of protest, and started working elsewhere. In the end, he worked in an office of the Swiss federation until he retired.

He got married two times, and had a daughter. He was a member of the Swiss Socialist Party.

Universal Esperanto Association
The World Esperanto Association (Esperanto: Universala Esperanto-Asocio, UEA), also known as the Universal Esperanto Association, is the largest international organization of Esperanto speakers, with 5,501 individual members in 121 countries and 9,215 through national associations (in 2015) in 214 countries. In addition to individual members, 70 national Esperanto organizations are affiliated with UEA. Its current president is Fernando Maia. The magazine Esperanto is the main publication to inform UEA members about everything happening in the Esperanto community.

The UEA was founded in 1908 by the Swiss journalist Hector Hodler and others and is now headquartered in Rotterdam, Netherlands. The organization has official relations with the United Nations and has an office at the United Nations headquarters in New York City.
The Third Man (novel)
The Third Man is a novella by English author Graham Greene. It is set in post-World War II Vienna, a city divided among the Allied powers and rife with intrigue. Originally written in 1948 as a treatment for the 1949 film of the same name directed by Carol Reed, the story was later published as a standalone work in 1950.

Carol Reed
Sir Carol Reed (30 December 1906 – 25 April 1976) was an English film director and producer, best known for Odd Man Out (1947), The Fallen Idol (1948), The Third Man (1949), and Oliver! (1968), for which he was awarded the Academy Award for Best Director.

Odd Man Out was the first recipient of the BAFTA Award for Best British Film. The Fallen Idol won the second BAFTA Award for Best British Film. The British Film Institute voted The Third Man the greatest British film of the 20th century.
State Museum for Nature and Man
The State Museum for Nature and Man (in German: Landesmuseum für Natur und Mensch) is a natural history, ethnology, and  archaeology museum in the city of Oldenburg, Lower Saxony, Germany.

The museum was opened in 1836 as Oldenburg's first natural history museum by Grand Duke Paul Friedrich August. It moved to its current location in 1880. The museum presents collections of archaeology, ethnology, and natural museum, in permanent interdisciplinary exhibits, together with an aquarium. The building is southwest of the Schlossgarten Oldenburg. Further museums to the northwest include the Augusteum, the Prinzenpalais, and Schloss Oldenburg.

Archaeology museum
An archaeology museum is a museum that specializes in the display of archaeological artifacts.

Many archaeology museum are in the open air, such as the Ancient Agora of Athens and the Roman Forum. Others display artifacts inside buildings, such as National Museum of Beirut and Cairo's Museum of Egyptian Antiquities. Some display artifacts both outside and inside, such as the Tibes Indigenous Ceremonial Center.

Some archaeology museums, such as the Western Australian Museum, may also exhibit maritime archaeological materials. These appear in its Shipwreck Galleries, a wing of the Maritime Museum. This last museum has also developed a 'museum-without-walls' through a series of underwater wreck trails.

An outside museum was erected at an active archaeological dig site in Nyaung-gan cemetery in Myanmar.
Down Among the Sticks and Bones
Down Among the Sticks and Bones is a 2017 fantasy novella by Seanan McGuire. It is the second book in the Wayward Children series and explores the history of two characters, Jack and Jill, from the previous book, Every Heart a Doorway.

In 2018, Down Among the Sticks and Bones won the American Library Association's Alex Award, as well as the RUSA Award for Fantasy.

Seanan McGuire
Seanan McGuire (pronounced SHAWN-in; born January 5, 1978) is an American author and filker. McGuire is known for her urban fantasy novels. She uses the pseudonym Mira Grant to write science fiction/horror and the pseudonym A. Deborah Baker to write the "Up-and-Under" children's portal fantasy series.

In 2010, she was awarded the John W. Campbell Award for Best New Writer. Her works have garnered numerous awards, including the Alex Award, Hugo Award, Locus Award, and Nebula Award.
Unihertz Atom
The Unihertz Atom was released in 2018 as Unihertz's second smartphone model after the Jelly.
Initially launched through a similar kickstarter project 
 that reached its $50,000 goal in only 60 seconds.
 It features a 2.45-inch display, very small by industry standards, and at 108 grams (plus battery) is also very lightweight. It has a dedicated push to talk (PTT) button on its side.

Push-to-talk
Push-to-talk (PTT), also known as press-to-transmit, is a method of having conversations or talking on half-duplex communication lines, including two-way radio, using a momentary button to switch from voice reception mode to transmit mode.
Brooks Gray
Brooks Gray is a Canadian writer, actor and producer.

Gray co-wrote, produced and starred in Cock'd Gunns, a rockumentary comedy series about "the worst band you've never heard of." Cock'd Gunns aired on IFC in Canada.

He has appeared in Scare Tactics, The Morgan Waters Show and Filth City as well as The Amazing Gayl Pile, a comedy series set at a fictional home shopping channel in Hamilton, Ontario. Gray writes, directs and stars (as Reverend Dave) in the show, which airs on NBC's streaming service Seeso.

Gray was nominated for three Gemini Awards for Cock'd Gunns, winning Best Ensemble Performance in a Comedy Program or Series and Best Writing in a Comedy or Variety Program or Series. Gray was nominated for a Canadian Screen Award for The Amazing Gayl Pile, Best Original Program or Series produced for Digital Media - Fiction.

The Morgan Waters Show
The Morgan Waters Show is a six-minute sketch comedy show starring Morgan Waters, which ran as part of CBC Television's afternoon youth programming lineup in 2006. The series consists of short sketches in which Waters plays various characters, or appears as himself in various street pranks.

Guests appearing on the show include Canadian Idol hosts Ben Mulroney and Jon Dore, Rick Mercer, the cast of Degrassi: The Next Generation,  Ashlee Simpson, Simple Plan, OK GO, Alexz Johnson, Ed the Sock, and Tyler Kyte among others.

The series won a Gemini Award for Best Children's or Youth Fiction Program or Series at the 21st Gemini Awards in 2006.