hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Calloselasma
Common names: Malayan ground pit viper, Malayan pit viper, Malayan ground snake, Malayan moccasin.

Calloselasma is a monotypic genus created for a pit viper species, Calloselasma rhodostoma, which is endemic to Southeast Asia from Thailand to northern Malaysia and on the island of Java. No subspecies are currently recognized.

American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (ASTMH) is an Arlington, Virginia-based non-profit organization of scientists, clinicians, students and program professionals whose longstanding mission is to promote global health through the prevention and control of infectious and other diseases that disproportionately afflict the global poor. ASTMH members work in areas of research, health care and education that encompass laboratory science,  international field studies,  clinical care and country-wide programs of disease control. The current organization was formed in 1951 with the amalgamation of the American Society of Tropical Medicine, founded in 1903, and the National Malaria Society, founded in 1941.

ASTMH has more than 2,700 members from all regions of the world including North America, South America, Europe, Asia and Africa. The Society publishes The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, a monthly scientific publication.
Auriol, Bouches-du-Rhône
Auriol (French pronunciation: [oʁjɔl]; Occitan: Auriòu) is a commune in the Huveaune valley in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region of Southern France. The commune has been awarded one flower by the National Council of Towns and Villages in Bloom in the Competition of cities and villages in Bloom. Located west of Roquevaire and northwest of Aubagne, it will be served by two stations of the Aubagne tramway when the northern Line T extension opens in 2023.

Southern France
Southern France, also known as the south of France or colloquially in French as le Midi, is a geographical area consisting of the regions of France that border the Atlantic Ocean south of the Marais Poitevin, Spain, the Mediterranean Sea and Italy. It includes southern Nouvelle-Aquitaine in the west, Occitania in the centre, the southern parts of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes in the northeast, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the southeast, as well as the island of Corsica in the southeast. Southern France is generally considered part of southern Europe because of its association with the Mediterranean Sea.

The colloquial French name for the region, le Midi, is derived from an Old French compound composed of mi ("middle")  and di ("day"), meaning literally "midday". Thus, the term is comparable in both origin and meaning to Mezzogiorno, which indicates southern Italy, and Romanian Miazăzi which is a synonym for south.
Ferdinand II
Ferdinand II is the name of:

Ferdinand II of León (1132–1188), king from 1157

Fernando II, Duke of Braganza (1430–1483), also known as Ferdinand II (1430–e.1483)

Ferdinand II of Aragon (1452–1516), the Catholic, king of Aragon from 1479, of Sicily from 1468; Ferdinand V of Castile 1474–1504 and Ferdinand III of Naples 1504–1516

Ferdinand II of Naples (1469–1496), also known as Ferrandino, king from 1495

Ferdinand II, Archduke of Austria (1529–1595), archduke, Regent of Tyrol and Further Austria, ruled from 1564

Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor (1578–1637), also known as Ferdinand II of Germany, emperor from 1619

Ferdinando II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (1610–1670), Grand Duke of Tuscany from 1620

Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies (1810–1859), king from 1830

Ferdinand II of Portugal (1816–1885), king 1837–1853

Ferdinando II de' Medici
Ferdinando II de' Medici (14 July 1610 – 23 May 1670) was Grand Duke of Tuscany from 1621 to 1670. He was the eldest son of Cosimo II de' Medici and Maria Maddalena of Austria. Remembered by his contemporaries as a man of culture and science, he actively participated in the Accademia del Cimento, the first official scientific society in Italy, formed by his younger brother, Leopoldo de' Medici. His 49-year rule was punctuated by the beginning of Tuscany's long economic decline, which was further exacerbated by his successor, Cosimo III de' Medici. He married Vittoria della Rovere, a first cousin, with whom he had two children who reached adulthood: the aforementioned Cosimo III, and Francesco Maria de' Medici, Duke of Rovere and Montefeltro, a cardinal.
Andrew Millar (biologist)
Andrew John McWalter Millar is a Scottish chronobiologist, systems biologist, and molecular geneticist. Millar is a professor at The University of Edinburgh and also serves as its chair of systems biology. Millar is best known for his contributions to plant circadian biology; in the Steve Kay lab, he pioneered the use of luciferase imaging to identify circadian mutants in Arabidopsis. Additionally, Millar's group has implicated the ELF4 gene in circadian control of flowering time in Arabidopsis. Millar was elected to the Royal Society in 2012 and the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 2013.

Gene Block
Gene David Block (born August 17, 1948) is an American biologist. He served as the 6th chancellor of the University of California, Los Angeles from August 2007 to July 2024. Previously at the University of Virginia, he served as executive vice president and provost from 2001 to 2007, as vice president for research and public service from 1998 to 2001, and as vice provost for research from 1993 to 1998.
Max Brooks (politician)
Max Brooks is an American politician from Castle Rock, Colorado, U.S. A Republican, Brooks is the representative for Colorado House of Representatives District 45, which includes the Douglas County communities of Castle Rock, The Pinery, and Castle Pines Village.

Castle Pines Village, Colorado
Castle Pines Village, also known as The Village at Castle Pines or The Village, is an unincorporated community and a census-designated place (CDP) located in Douglas County, Colorado, United States. The CDP is a part of the Denver–Aurora–Lakewood, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population of the Castle Pines Village CDP was 4,327 at the United States Census 2020. Douglas County governs the unincorporated community and the Castle Pines Metropolitan District provides services. The Castle Pines, Colorado post office (Zip Code 80108) serves the area.
Maynard Pennell
Maynard L. Pennell (April 12, 1910 – November 22, 1994) was a Boeing executive and aircraft designer.

Born in Skowhegan, Maine, his family moved to Seattle in 1920. Pennell studied aeronautical engineering, graduating from the University of Washington in 1931.  While a student at Washington, he was inducted into the Tau Beta Pi engineering honor society and became a brother of the Pi Kappa Phi social fraternity.

After working for the Douglas Aircraft Company for six years, he joined Boeing in 1940. He became assistant manager for the B-29 Superfortress program in 1942 and was involved in the development of the B-52 Stratofortress, later joining the commercial development division, where he was involved in the creation of the Boeing 707 and Boeing 727, a keen advocate of the development of jet-powered civil aircraft.

Tau Beta Pi
The Tau Beta Pi Association (commonly Tau Beta Pi, ΤΒΠ, or TBP) is the oldest engineering honor society and the second oldest collegiate honor society in the United States. It honors engineering students in American universities who have shown a history of academic achievement as well as a commitment to personal and professional integrity. Specifically, the association was founded "to mark in a fitting manner those who have conferred honor upon their Alma Mater by distinguished scholarship and exemplary character as students in engineering, or by their attainments as alumni in the field of engineering, and to foster a spirit of liberal culture in engineering colleges".
Villa Di Negro Rosazza dello Scoglietto
Villa Di Negro Rosazza "dello Scoglietto" or "lo Scoglietto" is a villa located in the quarter of San Teodoro in Genoa, Northwestern Italy. It was built in 1565 for the Doge Ambrogio Di Negro o for his son Orazio, in a coastal area that used to be outside of the city walls. The villa passed to the Durazzo family, who commissioned a renovation in the neoclassical style at the end of the 18th century. In the 19th century, the construction of the railway Turin-Genoa led to the destruction of the garden at the sea side, while the hill side remained largely untouched. The villa and the park are now owned by the Municipality of Genoa and destined to public use. The villa is located near the Dinegro station of the Metro of Genoa.

Genoa Metro
The Genoa Metro (Italian: Metropolitana di Genova, Ligurian: Metropolitànn-a de Zêna) is a light rapid transit system consisting of a single line that connects the centre of Genoa, Italy with the suburb of Rivarolo Ligure, to the north-west of the city centre.  The service is currently managed by Azienda Mobilità e Trasporti (AMT), which provides public transport for the city of Genoa.

It is a 7.1 kilometres (4.4 mi) long 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) (standard gauge) double-track line and is electrified with overhead lines at 750 volts DC. It has a direct connection with the underground suburban station under Trenitalia's mainline railway stations, Principe and Brignole.
Quest for Fire (film)
Quest for Fire (French: La Guerre du feu) is a 1981 science fantasy adventure film set in the Paleolithic era, directed by Jean-Jacques Annaud, written by Gérard Brach and starring Everett McGill, Ron Perlman, Nameer El-Kadi and Rae Dawn Chong. The Canadian-French co-production is a film adaptation of the 1911 Belgian novel The Quest for Fire by J.-H. Rosny. The story is set "80,000 years ago", with a plot concerning the struggle for control of fire by early humans and their encounters with different hominid species.

The film was critically acclaimed. It won the Academy Award and BAFTA Award for Best Makeup, and the César Awards for Best Film and Best Director. At the 4th Genie Awards, the film was nominated in seven categories and won in five (Best Actress, Best Costume Design, Best Editing, Best Sound Editing, Best Overall Sound).

Canadian Screen Award for Best Sound Mixing
The Canadian Screen Award for Best Achievement in Sound Mixing is awarded by the Academy of Canadian Cinema and Television to the best work by a sound designer in a Canadian film. Formerly known as Best Overall Sound, it was renamed to Best Sound Mixing at the 9th Canadian Screen Awards in 2021.
CBO-FM
CBO-FM is a Canadian radio station. It is the CBC Radio One station in Ottawa, Ontario, airing at 91.5 FM, and serves much of Eastern Ontario through a network of relay transmitters. CBO's Ottawa-area transmitter is located in Camp Fortune, Quebec, while its studios are located in the CBC Ottawa Broadcast Centre on Queen Street (across from the O-Train Line 1 light rail station) in Downtown Ottawa.

Eastern Ontario
Eastern Ontario (census population 1,892,332 in 2021) (French: Est de l'Ontario) is a secondary region of Southern Ontario in the Canadian province of Ontario. It occupies a wedge-shaped area bounded by the Ottawa River and Quebec to the northeast and east, the St. Lawrence River and New York to the south, and Northern Ontario and Central Ontario to the west and northwest.
Alloophorus
The bulldog goodeid (Alloophorus robustus) is a species of goodeid. It is endemic to stagnant and slow-flowing waters in the Lerma–Chapala, Presa de San Juanico and Balsas basins in west-central and southwestern Mexico. Despite its relatively wide range, it is generally uncommon. This is possibly the most predatory goodeid, it feeding on other fish, crayfish, insects and other invertebrates. At up to at least 14.3 cm (5.6 in) in standard length, this is likely the second-largest goodeid, after Goodea atripinnis.

Lerma River
The Lerma River (Spanish: Río Lerma) is Mexico's seventh longest river.

It is a 750 km-long (470 mi) river in west-central Mexico that begins in Mexican Plateau at an altitude over 3,000 metres (9,843 ft) above sea level, and ends where it empties into Lake Chapala, Mexico's largest lake, near Guadalajara, Jalisco. Lake Chapala is also the starting point of Río Grande de Santiago, which some treat as a continuation of the Lerma River. In combination, the two are often called the Lerma Santiago River (Spanish: Río Lerma Santiago).

The Lerma River is notorious for its pollution, but the water quality has demonstrated considerable improvement in recent years due mostly to government environmental programs and through a vast program of upgrading local sanitation infrastructure.
Gift Monday
Gift Nyakno Monday (born 9 December 2001) is a Nigerian professional footballer who plays as a striker for the Washington Spirit of the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL) and the Nigeria national team.

Nigeria women's national football team
The Nigeria women's national football team, nicknamed the Super Falcons, represents Nigeria in international women's football and is controlled by the Nigeria Football Federation (NFF). The team is Africa's most successful international women's football team, having won a record ten Women's Africa Cup of Nations titles; their most recent title in 2025, after defeating Morocco in the final. The team is also the only women's national team from the Confederation of African Football to have reached the quarterfinals in both the FIFA Women's World Cup and the Summer Olympics.

They are also one of the few teams in the world and only African team to have qualified for every edition of the FIFA Women's World Cup, with their best performance at the 1999 FIFA Women's World Cup where they reached the quarterfinals.
Salguero
Salguero is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Carlos Salguero (1955–2006), Argentine footballer

Cassandra Salguero (2003–2024), Mexican beach soccer player

Elizabeth Salguero (born 1964), Bolivian politician

Felipe Salguero, Mexican professional boxer

Gabriel Salguero, Argentinian footballer

Gerónimo Salguero (1774—1847), Argentine statesman and lawyer

Gloria Salguero Gross (1941–2015), Salvadoran politician and businesswoman

Gustavo Adolfo Espina Salguero (1946—2024), Guatemalan politician

José Antonio Salguero (born 1960), Spanish footballer

Laura Salguero (born 1978), Spanish footballer

Olinda Salguero (born 1984), Guatemalan activist

Rafael Salguero (born 1946), Guatemalan football administrator

Salvador Salguero (swimmer) (born 1967), Salvadoran swimmer

Armando Salguero (born 1962), Cuban-American journalist

Laura Salguero
Laura Salguero López is a former football striker. She played for CF Pozuelo, Estudiantes Huelva, AD Torrejón and Atlético Madrid in the Spanish First Division.

She was a member of the Spanish national team in the 1999 World Cup qualifying.
2025 Hellenic Championship – Singles
Novak Djokovic defeated Lorenzo Musetti in the final, 4–6, 6–3, 7–5 to win the singles tennis title at the 2025 Hellenic Championship. It was his 101st career ATP Tour-level title and his 72nd title won on hard courts, breaking a tie with Roger Federer. Aged 38 years and 5 months old, Djokovic became the oldest men's singles champion on the ATP Tour since its establishment in 1990, and the third-oldest men's singles tour-level champion in the Open Era.

This was the first edition of the tournament, which replaced the Belgrade Open on the calendar.

Vít Kopřiva
Vít Kopřiva (born 15 June 1997) is a Czech professional tennis player. He has a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 65 achieved on 23 February 2026 and a career-high doubles ranking of No. 261 achieved on 17 October 2022. He is currently the No. 5 Czech player in men's singles.
Kopřiva has won six ATP Challenger singles and two doubles titles.
Bogdan Dyachenko
Bogdan Dyachenko (born 6 October 1998) is a Ukrainian ice hockey player for Sokil Kyiv in the Ukrainian Hockey Championship and the Ukraine national team.

He represented Ukraine internationally since 2014.

Ukrainian Hockey Championship
The Ukrainian Hockey Championship (Ukrainian: Чемпіонат України з хокею, romanized: Chempionat Ukrayiny z khokeiu) is an annual ice hockey award and national title, bestowed to the ice hockey organization judged to have the best performing team in Ukraine, founded in 1992. Prior to the 2015–16 season, the league playing for the title took the name Ukrainian Hockey Extra League. In 2016, the new Ukrainian Hockey League was created instead, which folded in 2021.
Mirza Ghalib Street
Mirza Ghalib Street, previously known as Free School Street, is a street that joins Surendranath Banerjee Road (Janbazar) with Park Street (Park Mansion) in Central Kolkata. North of S. N. Banerjee Road crossing, Free School Street becomes Hospital Street.

Janbazar
Janbazar is a neighbourhood of Central Kolkata, in Kolkata district in the Indian state of West Bengal. The two century-old house of Rani Rashmoni, the central attraction in Janbazar, is still used by descendants in the family.
Liverpool Beach
Liverpool Beach (Bulgarian: Ливърпулски бряг, romanized: Livarpulski bryag, IPA: [ˈlivɐrpoɫski ˈbrʲak]) is the crescent-shaped beach extending 1.8km (1.1 miles) on the east side of Walker Bay on the south coast of Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica.  It is situated on the west side of the small ice-free promontory ending in Hannah Point, and bounded by Hannah Point to the west, Ustra Peak to the northeast and the terminus of Verila Glacier to the north.  The picturesque beach is one of the most popular tourist sites in Antarctica, frequented by cruise ships. It is also accessible by Zodiac boats from the Bulgarian base and the Spanish base on the island situated 12km (7.5 miles) to the east and 11km (6.8 miles) to the east-southeast respectively.

The beach is named after the British city of Liverpool, the home port of many 19th century sealing ships operating in the South Shetlands including the sealer Hannah after which the adjacent point is named.

Glacier terminus
A glacier terminus, toe, or snout, is the end of a glacier at any given point in time. Although glaciers seem motionless to the observer, in reality they are in endless motion and the glacier terminus is always either advancing or retreating. The location of the terminus is often directly related to glacier mass balance, which is based on the amount of snowfall which occurs in the accumulation zone of a glacier, as compared to the amount that is melted in the ablation zone. The position of a glacier terminus is also impacted by localized or regional temperature change over time.
Pongsak Khongkaew
Pongsak Khongkaew (born 31 January 1977) is a Thai association football and beach soccer player, and a member of the Thailand national beach soccer team, making two appearances in the 2005 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup.

2005 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup
The 2005 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup was the first edition of the FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup, an international beach soccer competition contest by men's national teams and organized by FIFA. Overall, it was the 11th edition of a world cup in beach soccer since its establishment with the first Beach Soccer World Championships in 1995. It took place in at Copacabana Beach in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, between 8 and 15 May.

France defeated Portugal 1–0 in a penalty shootout, following a 3–3 draw after extra-time, to win their first title.
1997–98 Ýokary Liga
1997–98 Ýokary Liga season was the 6th edition of the top tier professional Yokary Liga football annual competition in Turkmenistan administered by the Football Federation of Turkmenistan. Eight teams contested.

Köpetdag Aşgabat won the championship with 4 matches to spare, having a 16-point lead over Nisa Aşgabat.

Nisa Aşgabat
Nisa Aşgabat is a Turkmen professional football club based in Aşgabat. They relegated from the top division in Turkmen football in 2006 and currently play in the second division, the Birinji liga. Their home stadium is Nisa-Çandybil Stadium, which can accommodate 1,500 spectators.
1999 war in Dagestan
The 1999 war in Dagestan, also known as the Dagestan incursions (Russian: Война в Дагестане), was an armed conflict that began when the Ichkerian-based Islamic International Peacekeeping Brigade (IIPB), an Islamist group led by Shamil Basayev, Ibn al-Khattab, Ramzan Akhmadov and Arbi Barayev, invaded the neighboring Russian republic of Dagestan on 7 August 1999. They invaded in support of the Shura of Dagestan separatist rebels. The war ended with a major victory for the Russian Federation and the Republic of Dagestan, and the retreat of the IIPB. The invasion of Dagestan, alongside a series of apartment bombings in September 1999, served as the main casus belli for the Second Chechen War.

Casus belli
A casus belli (from Latin  casus belli 'occasion for war'; pl. casus belli) is an act or an event that either provokes or is used to justify a war. A casus belli involves direct offenses or threats against the nation declaring the war, whereas a casus foederis involves offenses or threats against its ally—usually one bound by a mutual defense pact. Either may be considered an act of war. A declaration of war usually contains a description of the casus belli that has led the party in question to declare war on another party.
Miah Murray
Jeremiah J. "Miah" Murray (January 1, 1865 – January 11, 1922) was an American catcher in Major League Baseball for four seasons, then umpired full-time for one season. In his career, he played with four different teams: the Providence Grays in 1884, the Louisville Colonels in 1885), the Washington Nationals in 1888, and the Washington Senators in 1891. His career totals include 34 games played, 120 at bats, and 17 hits for a .142 batting average.

Later, he became a full-time umpire for the National League in 1895 when he officiated in 112 games. He also is credited with umpiring one game in 1900, five games in 1905, and three games in 1910. He is also credited with seven ejections during the 1895 season. Murray died at the age of 57 in his hometown of Boston, Massachusetts, and is interred at Holyhood Cemetery in Brookline, Massachusetts.

Louisville Colonels
The Louisville Colonels were a Major League Baseball team that played in the American Association (AA) throughout that league's ten-year existence from 1882 until 1891. They were known as the Louisville Eclipse from 1882 to 1884, and as the Louisville Colonels from 1885 to 1891; the latter name derived from the historic title of the Kentucky Colonel. After the AA folded in 1891, the Colonels joined the National League and played through the 1899 season.

"Colonels" was also the name of several minor league baseball teams that played in Louisville, Kentucky, in the 20th century.
Battle of W.l.n.d.r
The Battle of Wlndr was fought in 934 between the allied Hungarian-Pecheneg army and an army composing of the forces of the Byzantine Empire and First Bulgarian Empire, somewhere in the territory which belonged to the Bulgarian empire, near a large city called W.l.n.d.r (perhaps Belgrade), by the Arab historian and geographer Al-Masudi. The battle resulted in a great victory for the Hungarian-Pecheneg forces, which they followed with a devastating raid up to the walls of Constantinople, forcing the Byzantine Empire to pay them tribute for many years (until 957). Al-Masudi's account of the battle is "one of the greatest descriptions of the nomadic war tactics."

Historiography of early Islam
The historiography of early Islam is the secular scholarly literature on the early history of Islam during the 7th century, from Muhammad's first purported revelations in 610 until the disintegration of the Rashidun Caliphate in 661, 
and arguably throughout the 8th century and the duration of the Umayyad Caliphate, terminating in the incipient Islamic Golden Age around the beginning of the 9th century.

Muslims developed methodologies such as the "science of biography" and the "science of hadith" to evaluate the reliability of these narratives, while prominent figures like Ibn Khaldun introduced critical historiographical methods, emphasizing the importance of context and the systematic evaluation of historical data.