hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Linda Colley
Dame Linda Jane Colley (born 13 September 1949 in Chester, England) is an expert on British, imperial and global history from 1700. She is currently Shelby M. C. Davis 1958 Professor of History at Princeton University. She previously held chairs at Yale University and at the London School of Economics. Her work frequently approaches the past from inter-disciplinary perspectives.

World history (field)
World history or global history as a field of historical study examines history from a global perspective. It emerged centuries ago; some leading practitioners have included Voltaire (1694–1778), Hegel (1770–1831), Karl Marx (1818–1883), Oswald Spengler (1880–1936), and Arnold J. Toynbee (1889–1975). The field became much more active (in terms of university teaching, textbooks, scholarly journals, and academic associations) in the late 20th century.

It is not to be confused with comparative history, which, like world history, deals with the history of multiple cultures and nations, but does not do so on a global scale. World historians use a thematic approach, with two major focal points: integration (how processes of world history have drawn people of the world together) and difference (how patterns of world history reveal the diversity of the human experience).
Freakies
Freakies was a brand of sweetened breakfast cereal produced by Ralston and sold in the United States. The cereal – which consisted of crunchy, light brown, torus-shaped amalgam – was Ralston's first major venture into the sweetened ready-to-eat cereal market, and was marketed using a cast of seven creatures known collectively as "the Freakies".

Ralcorp
Ralcorp Holdings is an American manufacturer of various food products, including breakfast cereal, cookies, crackers, chocolate, snack foods, mayonnaise, pasta, and peanut butter. The company is based in St. Louis, Missouri. The majority of the items Ralcorp makes are private-label, store-brand products. It has over 9,000 employees. Ralcorp has its headquarters in the Bank of America Plaza in downtown St. Louis.
Mathieu Griffi
Mathieu Griffi (born 2 March 1983) is a French former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 2000s and 2010s. He played at representative level for France, and at club level for the Catalans Dragons, Toulouse Olympique and in the Elite One Championship for Lézignan Sangliers, as a prop.

FC Lézignan XIII
Football Club de Lézignan (often referred to as the Lézignan Sangliers) are a semi-professional rugby league football club based in Lézignan-Corbières in the department of Aude in the south of France. They play in the Super XIII. They have won seven French Championship titles and six Lord Derby Cups.

The club was founded in 1903. In 1939 the club switched codes and began playing rugby league, which had gained success with the formation of the French championship in 1934. In the 2007-08 season the club, led by their French international player-coach James Wynne, won the French Championship for the first time in 30 years and reached the fourth round of the Challenge Cup. They currently play in the Super XIII at the Stade du Moulin and are coached by Cédric Lacans and Cyril Stacul
Alpha (Morristown, Tennessee)
Alpha is a neighborhood in Morristown, Tennessee, United States. It is located at and around the junction of U.S. Route 11E and Tennessee State Route 160 between Morristown and Jefferson City. It was formerly an unincorporated community before being annexed into the city of Morristown.

Tennessee State Route 160
State Route 160 (SR 160) is a state highway in East Tennessee that has both four-lane expressway and two-lane rural collector sections. It serves as an arterial bypass route of US 11E/SR 34 in the city of Morristown in Hamblen County.
Arslan
Arslan is a Turkic masculine given name and surname, used mainly in West Asia, Central Asia and South Asia. It means lion and has secondary meanings like brave or fearless. Arıslan and Aslan and Arsalan are variants of the name. This name is derived from Old Turkic and was used as an epithet for Turkish emperors in the Middle Ages.

Alp Arslan
Alp Arslan (Persian: آلپ ارسلان; full name: Muhammad Alp Arslan bin Dawud Chaghri), was the second sultan of the Seljuk Empire and great-grandson of Seljuk, the eponymous founder of the dynasty and the empire. He reigned from 1063 until his assassination in 1072.

Alp Arsan greatly expanded Seljuk territories and consolidated his power, defeating rivals to the south, east, and northwest. His victory over the Byzantines at the Battle of Manzikert in 1071 ushered in the Turkoman settlement of Anatolia. For his military achievements, he earned the name Alp Arslan, which means "Heroic Lion" in Turkish.
Jiamin line
Jiamin line (Chinese: 嘉闵线; pinyin: Jiāmǐn xiàn) is a commuter rail line currently under construction on the Shanghai Suburban Railway, and will be run by Shentong Metro Group. It runs from Yindu Road in Minhang District to Chengbei Road in Jiading District. Construction started on 28 June 2021. The line is expected to open in 2027.

Minhang, Shanghai
Minhang District is a suburban district of Shanghai with a land area of 371.57 km2 (143.46 sq mi) and population of 2,653,489 residents as of 2020. The original Minhang consist of present-day Jiangchuan Road Subdistrict (Former Minhang Town) and the eastern strip of Wujing along the Huangpu River in 1992, the surrounding Shanghai County merged with Minhang.

It is mostly a residential district, though it is also home to some of the many factories and production facilities in Shanghai. Residential housing development is the main source of local government revenue. Qizhong Forest Sports City Arena (旗忠森林体育城) is located in Ma Qiao Town (马桥镇). The Aerospace Museum is being constructed at Pujiang Town.

Shanghai Jiao Tong University and East China Normal University both have campuses in the southern part of Minhang District.
HD 210277
HD 210277 is a single star in the equatorial constellation of Aquarius. It has an apparent visual magnitude of 6.54, which makes it a challenge to view with the naked eye, but it is easily visible in binoculars. The star is located at a distance of 69.6 light years from the Sun based on parallax, but is drifting closer with a radial velocity of −20.9 km/s.

Binoculars
Binoculars or field glasses are two refracting telescopes mounted side-by-side and aligned to point in the same direction, allowing the viewer to use both eyes (binocular vision) when viewing distant objects. Most binoculars are sized to be held using both hands, although sizes vary widely from opera glasses to large pedestal-mounted military models.

Unlike a (monocular) telescope, binoculars give users a three-dimensional image: each eyepiece presents a slightly different image to each of the viewer's eyes and the parallax allows the visual cortex to generate an impression of depth.
Maria High School (Chicago, Illinois)
Maria High School was a private, Roman Catholic, all-girls high school in Chicago, Illinois. Its building survives and is located near Marquette Park and Holy Cross Hospital, within the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago.

Marquette Park (Chicago)
Marquette Park, the largest park on the southwest side of Chicago, Illinois, at 323 acres (1.31 km2), is located in the city's Chicago Lawn neighborhood.  The park is named for Father Jacques Marquette (1637–1675).
Yerkebulan Seydakhmet
Yerkebulan Kayratuly Seydakhmet (Kazakh: Еркебұлан Қайратұлы Сейдахмет, Erkebūlan Qairatūly Seidahmet; born 4 February 2000) is a Kazakh professional footballer who plays as a winger for Kazakh club Aktobe and the Kazakhstan national team.

FC Aktobe
Football Club Aktobe (Kazakh: Aqtóbe Fýtbol Klýby), commonly referred to as FC Aktobe or simply Aktobe, is a professional football club based in Aktobe. They last played in the Kazakhstan Premier League, the highest level of Kazakh football. Formed as Aktyubinets in 1967, they became Aktobemunai in 1996, Aktobe in 1997, Aktobe-Lento in 2000 and finally Aktobe again in 2005. Their home ground is the 13,500 seat Central Stadium.

Aktobe have won five league titles, two Kazakhstan Cups and three Kazakhstan Super Cups. The club has also won two Soviet Second League titles in 1981 and 1991.
Banja (Priboj)
Banja (Serbian Cyrillic: Бања) is a village in the municipality of Priboj, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 2163 people. It is the location of Banja Monastery, which has existed at least since the 12th century.

Banja Monastery
The Banja Monastery (Serbian: Манастир Бања, romanized: Manastir Banja) is a Serbian Orthodox Monastery located near Priboj, Serbia. Monastery Banja presents Cultural Monument of Exceptional Importance in Serbia.
Broken Oghibbeway
During the fur trade era, a pidgin form of Ojibwe known as Broken Oghibbeway was used as a trade language in the Wisconsin and Mississippi River valleys. Data on the language was collected during the 1820s at Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin, by Edwin James, a physician and naturalist, who also gave the pidgin its name. It has been described as "…a language with a restricted vocabulary drawn from the Ottawa dialect of Ojibwe with a few words from the Fox language, another Algonquian language of the region, and restructured and reduced, but not absent, Ojibwe morphology."

James recognized that Broken Oghibbeway was different from the variety of Ojibwe spoken in Wisconsin Territory. He noted that it "…is of the dialect used by the traders and the people of mixed blood in speaking with the Menomonies and Winnebagoes also many of the Sioux, Sauks and Foxes."

Fox language
Fox (known by a variety of different names, including Mesquakie (Meskwaki), Mesquakie-Sauk, Mesquakie-Sauk-Kickapoo, Sauk-Fox, and Sac and Fox) is an Algonquian language, spoken by a thousand Meskwaki, Sauk, and Kickapoo in various locations in the Midwestern United States and in northern Mexico.
Colletes speculiferus
Colletes speculiferus, also known as the beach dune cellophone bee, is a species of bee on the subfamily Colletinae It is native to the eastern regions of the United States. They visit many flowers such as Aster, Haplopappus, Pentstemon, Solidago, Melilotus alba and Erigeon quercifolius.

Melilotus albus
Melilotus albus, known as honey clover, white melilot (UK), Bokhara clover (Australia), white sweetclover (US), and sweet clover, is a nitrogen-fixing legume in the family Fabaceae. Melilotus albus is considered a valuable honey plant and source of nectar and is often grown for forage. Its characteristic sweet odor, intensified by drying, is derived from coumarin.

Melilotus albus is of Eurasian origin but can now be found throughout the subtropical to temperate zones, especially in North America, and is common in sand dune, prairie, bunchgrass, meadow, and riparian habitats. This species is listed as an "exotic pest" in Tennessee, "ecologically invasive" in Wisconsin, and a "weed" in Kentucky and Quebec.
Sandra Weintraub (psychologist)
Sandra Weintraub is an American professor at Northwestern University and a researcher of  Alzheimer's disease, memory disorders, and neuropsychology.
Weintraub is involved with research to treat Alzheimer's disease and dementia.
At Northwestern, Weintraub is a member of the Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer’s Disease.

Weintraub's research has been cited more than 30,000 times according to Scopus.

Weintraub was President of the International Neuropsychological Society in 2012. In March 2023, Weintraub was appointed to an Illinois Supreme Court Commission on Elder Law.

Supreme Court of Illinois
The Supreme Court of Illinois is the state supreme court, the highest court of the judiciary of Illinois. The court's authority is granted in Article VI of the current Illinois Constitution, which provides for seven justices elected from the five appellate judicial districts of the state: three justices from the First District (Cook County) and one from each of the other four districts. Absent mid-term vacancy, each justice is elected for a term of ten years, which may be renewed and the chief justice is elected by the court from its members for a three-year term.
2014 Portimão Superbike World Championship round
The 2014 Portimão Superbike World Championship round was the eight round of the 2014 Superbike World Championship. it took place over the weekend of 4–6 July 2014 at the Algarve International Circuit located in Portimão, Portugal.

Portimão
Portimão (European Portuguese pronunciation: [puɾtiˈmɐ̃w] ⓘ) is a city and a municipality in the district of Faro, in the Algarve region of southern Portugal. The population in 2022 was 63,079 in an area of 182.06 km2. It was formerly known as Vila Nova de Portimão. In 1924, it was incorporated as a cidade and became known merely as Portimão. Historically a fishing and shipbuilding centre, it has nonetheless developed into a strong tourist centre oriented along its beaches and southern coast. The two largest population centers in the Algarve are Portimão and Faro.
Ancient Wisdom
Ancient Wisdom is a Swedish atmospheric black metal band. They have released five albums on Avantgarde Music.

Ancient Wisdom was started in 1992 as a project of Marcus E. Norman from Bewitched. Named Ancient, the name had to be changed because of the Norwegian band having laid claim to it. Following two demos, Ancient Wisdom released its first album For Snow Covered the Northland in 1996.

Ancient (band)
Ancient is a Norwegian black metal band from Bergen, formed in 1992. The band released six full-length albums released by Metal Blade Records to date and a variety of mini-albums, EPs and special releases. Ancient used to have the classic raw black metal sound, similar to Darkthrone's works. Beginning with The Cainian Chronicle, they moved towards a more Nordic/atmospheric black metal sound, akin to Emperor, and a cleaner production. After a period of turmoil concerning their line-up, they went on to add gothic-style instruments such as violins, a female vocalist, and synthesizers to their music.
Padbury railway station
Padbury railway station served the village of Padbury in the English county of Buckinghamshire. It opened in 1878 as part of the Buckinghamshire Railway's branch line to Verney Junction which provided connections to Banbury, Bletchley and Oxford and closed in 1964.

Oxford railway station
Oxford railway station is a mainline railway station, one of two serving the city of Oxford, England. It is about 0.5 miles (800 m) west of the city centre, north-west of Frideswide Square and the eastern end of Botley Road. It is the busiest station in Oxfordshire, and the fourth busiest in South East England.

It is on the line for trains between London Paddington and Hereford via Worcester Shrub Hill. It is a starting point for fast and local trains to London Paddington and London Marylebone, and for local trains to Reading, Worcester (Shrub Hill and Foregate stations), and Banbury. It is also on the north–south Cross Country Route from Manchester Piccadilly and Newcastle via Birmingham New Street and Reading to Southampton Central and Bournemouth. The station is managed by Great Western Railway, and also served by CrossCountry and Chiltern Railways trains. Immediately to the north is Sheepwash Channel Railway Bridge over the Sheepwash Channel.
Ashish Parmar
Ashish Parmar (8 October 1979 – 23 January 2020) was an Indian photographer who is best known for his iPhone photograph that was plastered on billboards across the world. He shot subjects of varied nature – weddings, high end events, music festivals and wildlife.
He was the Official Photographer for the Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2010. He was also one among the top 12 Electronic Dance Music photographers in India.  In 2016, an image he took of his wife and posted on Instagram	 was chosen as a part of Apple’s "Shot on iPhone 6S" ad campaign. He was also the only Indian photographer to be invited to the Future Music Festival Asia held in Kuala Lumpur in 2014.

Future Music Festival Asia
Future Music Festival Asia, often abbreviated as FMFA, was an annual music festival featuring local and international artists held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The festival was a franchise of Future Entertainment's successful Future Music Festival that has been running in Australia since 2006. Future Music Festival Asia was inaugurated in 2012, and has been headlined by notable acts such as The Temper Trap, Chemical Brothers, Flo Rida, The Prodigy, Psy and Fun.
Riyadh Al Khabra
Riyadh Al Khabra (Arabic: رياض الخبراء) is one of the governorates in Al-Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia.

Its historical city is best known for trading and goods exchange.

The El-Abry Museum for Heritage and Classic Cars is a museum at Riyadh Al Khabra, founded by Abdulrahman bin Nasser Alebry. The museum's exhibition includes old heritage items such as weapons, documents, tools, crafts and taxidermy exhibits. It also has the old kitchen and bedroom which contain all their original furnishings. In the great courtyard, there is a sawani (camel-operated well), a jusah (storage compartment for dates), classic cars, and old fuel dispensers.

Gasoline pump
A gasoline pump or fuel dispenser is a machine at a filling station that is used to pump gasoline (petrol), diesel, or other types of liquid fuel into vehicles. Gasoline pumps are also known as bowsers or petrol bowsers (in Australia and South Africa), petrol pumps (in Commonwealth countries), or gas pumps (in North America).
Bachelor of Civil Law
Bachelor of Civil Law (abbreviated BCL or B.C.L.; Latin: Baccalaureus Civilis Legis) is the name of various degrees in law conferred by English-language universities. The BCL originated as a postgraduate degree in the universities of Oxford and Cambridge; at Oxford, the BCL continues to be the primary postgraduate taught course in law. It is also taught as an undergraduate degree in other countries. The reference to civil law was not originally in contradistinction to common law, but to canon law, although common law was not taught in the civil law faculties in either university until at least the second half of the 18th century. However, some universities in English-speaking countries use the degree in the former sense.

University of Galway
The University of Galway (Irish: Ollscoil na Gaillimhe) is a public research university located in the city of Galway, Ireland. The university was founded in 1845 as Queen's College, Galway. It was known as "University College, Galway" (UCG) (Irish: Coláiste na hOllscoile, Gaillimh) from 1908 to 1997 and as "National University of Ireland Galway" (NUI Galway) (Irish: Ollscoil na hÉireann Gaillimh; OÉ Gaillimh) from 1997 to 2022. In September 2022, it changed its name to "Ollscoil na Gaillimhe – University of Galway". It is also a member of the Coimbra Group, a network of 42 long-established European universities.
Spaltprozesse
Spaltprozesse – Wackersdorf 001 (Fission Processes - Wackersdorf 001) is a 1986 documentary film by directors and producers Claus Strigel and Bertram Verhaag, depicting life in the Upper Palatinate region in Bavaria surrounding the Wackersdorf reprocessing plant (WAA). Fission Processes (cf nuclear fission) is part of the Nuclear power Trilogy, which also includes Restrisiko (Residual Risk, 1989) and Das achte Gebot (The Eighth Commandment, 1991). A fourth film, Halbwertszeiten (Half-Lives), was made in 2006.

Upper Palatinate
The Upper Palatinate (/pəˈlætɪnɪt/; German: Oberpfalz, pronounced [ˈoːbɐˌpfalts] ⓘ, Bavarian: Obapfoiz, Owerpfolz) is an administrative district in the east of Bavaria, Germany. It consists of seven districts and 226 municipalities, including three cities.
Eleutherodactylus thorectes
Eleutherodactylus thorectes (common names: Morne Macay robber frog, Macaya breast-spot frog) is a species of frog in the family Eleutherodactylidae. It is endemic to Haiti and known from the Massif de la Hotte at high elevations. Specifically, it is known from Pic Macaya and Pic Formon at elevations of 1,700–2,340 m (5,580–7,680 ft) asl. Its natural habitats are closed pine montane forest and cloud forest with shrubs, tree ferns, bromeliads, and climbing bamboo. With a snout-vent length of 12–15 mm, this slightly arboreal species is one of the smallest of the world's frogs. It is threatened by habitat loss caused by charcoal logging and agriculture. It is known from the Pic Macaya National Park, but habitat degradation is occurring in the park too.

Pic Macaya
Pic Macaya (Macaya Peak) is the second-highest mountain in Haiti (after Pic la Selle), rising to an elevation of 2,347 metres (7,700 feet) above sea level. It is located in the Massif de la Hotte, 36 kilometres (22 miles) northwest of Les Cayes and 195 km (121 mi) west of Port-au-Prince. The mountain is located in the Pic Macaya National Park.

Pic Macaya is a source of water generation and has rich soil that support its dense pine forests. It has a high concentration of biodiversity with numerous endemic species and is also a nesting location for the endangered Black-capped petrel.
Stilbum (fungus)
Stilbum is a genus of fungi in the family Chionosphaeraceae. Though many species were formerly referred to the genus, it is effectively monotypic since the type species, Stilbum vulgare, currently has no close relative. Stilbum vulgare forms groups of minute, gelatinous, synnema-like basidiocarps (fruit bodies) up to 0.5 mm tall with a distinct stem and inflated, fertile head.  Microscopically, it produces auricularioid (laterally septate) basidia and basidiospores that germinate by budding off yeast cells. The species has been collected on rotting wood and old agaric fruit bodies and may be a parasite of other fungi. It was originally described from Europe, but is also known from Asia, North America, and Australia.

Basidiocarp
In fungi, a basidiocarp, basidiome, or basidioma (pl. basidiomata) is the sporocarp of a basidiomycete, the multicellular structure on which the spore-producing hymenium is borne. Basidiocarps are characteristic of the hymenomycetes; rusts and smuts do not produce such structures. As with other sporocarps, epigeous (above-ground) basidiocarps that are visible to the naked eye (especially those with a more or less agaricoid morphology) are commonly referred to as mushrooms, while hypogeous (underground) basidiocarps are usually called false truffles.
Puredyne
puredyne is a discontinued live Linux distribution based on Ubuntu and Debian Live and dedicated to live audio-and-visual processing and streaming. Its focus was on the Pure Data audio synthesis system as well as SuperCollider, Csound and others, plus live video-processing systems such as Processing and Fluxus. It also included hardware related software such as arduino and came bundled with home-studio and graphic design software (Ardour, JACK, GIMP, Inkscape, etc.).

Development of puredyne was supported by the Arts Council England. Puredyne was a featured download on productivity weblog Lifehacker and was named as one of the two software of year 2010 by the PixelAche network of electronic festivals.

The conclusion of the Puredyne project was announced on the Puredyne mailing list in February 2012. Reasons stated for this decision involve difficulty in maintaining the distribution, and a lack of consensus with regard to future direction. The final version is the 10.10 Gazpacho beta.

SuperCollider
SuperCollider is an environment and audio programming language released originally in 1996 by James McCartney for real-time audio synthesis and algorithmic composition.

Since then it has been evolving into a system used and further developed by both scientists and artists working with sound. It is a dynamic programming language providing a framework for acoustic research, algorithmic music, interactive programming, and live coding.

Originally released under the terms of the GPL-2.0-or-later in 2002, and from version 3.4 under GPL-3.0-or-later, SuperCollider is free and open-source software.