hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
ÖkoDAX
ÖkoDAX is a German stock market index which includes ten companies in the renewable energy sector. It was introduced, 4 June 2007. The constituting companies and their weightings are reviewed quarterly (March, June, September and December). The companies should be represented with equal proportions (i.e., 10%). The ÖkoDAX is calculated as a performance index as well as a price index.

Stock market index
In finance, a stock market index or stock index is an index that measures the performance of a stock market, or of a subset of a stock market. It helps investors compare current stock price levels with past prices to calculate market performance.

Two of the primary criteria of an index are that it is investable and transparent: The methods of its construction are specified. Investors may be able to invest in a stock market index by buying an index fund, which is structured as either a mutual fund or an exchange-traded fund, and "tracks" an index. The difference between an index fund's performance and the index, if any, is called tracking error.
Dorice Reid (baseball)
Dorice Reid (February 26, 1929 – August 17, 2017) was an outfielder who played from 1948 through 1951 in the All-American Girls Professional Baseball League (AAGPBL). Listed at 5 ft 4 in (1.63 m), 140 lb., Reid batted and threw right-handed. She was born in Superior, Wisconsin.

Nicknamed ״Dorrie״, Reid was a light-hitting outfielder during her four years in the AAGPBL. She entered the circuit in 1948 with the expansion Chicago Colleens, playing for them one year before joining the Grand Rapids Chicks (1949–1951).

Her most productive came in 1950, when she hit a .199 batting average with 78 hits and 43 stolen bases in 107 games, all career numbers.

Following her baseball career, Reid settled in Vista, California.

In 1988, Dorice Reid became part of Women in Baseball, a permanent display based at the Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum in Cooperstown, New York, which was unveiled to honor the entire All-American Girls Professional Baseball League.

All-American Girls Professional Baseball League
The All-American Girls Professional Baseball League (AAGPBL) was a professional women's baseball league founded by Philip K. Wrigley, which existed from 1943 to 1954. The AAGPBL is the forerunner of women's professional league sports in the United States.  Over 600 women played in the league, which eventually consisted of 10 teams located in the American Midwest. In 1948, league attendance peaked at over 900,000 spectators. The most successful team, the Rockford Peaches, won a league-best four championships.

The 1992 film A League of Their Own and the 2022 television show of the same name are mostly fictionalized accounts of the league and its stars. Sixty-five original AAGPBL members appeared in scenes for the movie filmed in October 1991 recreating the induction of the league into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1988.
Naked in the Wind
Naked in the Wind or The Island of Nude Women (French: L'île aux femmes nues) is a 1953 French comedy film directed by Henri Lepage and starring Félix Oudart, Lili Bontemps, Armand Bernard and Jane Sourza. In 1962 it was released in America in a dubbed version and marketed as an exploitation film. It was shot on location at the naturist resort on Levant Island on the French Riviera.

Exploitation film
An exploitation film is a film that seeks commercial success by capitalizing on current trends, niche genres, or sensational content. Exploitation films often feature themes such as suggestive or explicit sex, sensational violence, drug use, nudity, gore, destruction, rebellion, mayhem, and the bizarre. While often associated with low-budget "B movies", some exploitation films have influenced popular culture, attracted critical attention, gained historical significance, and developed cult followings.
Lavoltidine
Lavoltidine (INN, USAN, BAN; previously known as loxtidine; development code AH-23,844) is a highly potent and selective H2 receptor antagonist which was under development by Glaxo Wellcome (now GlaxoSmithKline) as a treatment for gastroesophageal reflux disease but was discontinued due to the discovery that it produced gastric carcinoid tumors in rodents.

Histamine H2 receptor
H2 receptors are a type of histamine receptor found in many parts of the anatomy of humans and other animals. They are positively coupled to adenylate cyclase via Gs alpha subunit. It is a potent stimulant of cAMP production, which leads to activation of protein kinase A. PKA functions to phosphorylate certain proteins, affecting their activity. The drug betazole is an example of a histamine H2 receptor agonist.
Ed Hart
Edward J. Hart (May 26, 1887 — November 28, 1956) was an American football tackle. He was a consensus All-American in 1911. Hart played high school football at Phillips Exeter Academy. In his last game at Phillips Exeter he suffered a dislocation in his neck when he ran into a goalpost. This resulted in Hart having to wear a neckbrace for his first three years of college football at Princeton University. He removed the brace in 1911. He was the captain of the Princeton Tigers football team in 1910 and 1911. Hart was a captain in the United States Army in World War I and major in the United States Marines in World War II.  He was elected to the College Football Hall of Fame in 1954.

Phillips Exeter Academy
Phillips Exeter Academy (also known as Exeter or PEA) is an independent, co-educational, college-preparatory school in Exeter, New Hampshire. Established in 1781, it is America's sixth-oldest boarding school and educates an estimated 1,100 boarding and day students in grades 9 to 12, as well as postgraduate students.

Exeter houses the world's largest high school library. The academy admits students on a need-blind basis and offers free tuition to students with family incomes under $125,000. Its list of notable alumni includes U.S. president Franklin Pierce, U.S. politician Daniel Webster, over 35 U.S. congresspeople, six governors of U.S. states, Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg, three Medal of Honor recipients, and three Nobel Prize recipients.
Nuʻuanu Pali Tunnels
The Nuʻuanu Pali Tunnels are a set of four highway tunnels (two in each direction) on the Pali Highway (Hawaii Route 61) which pass through the Nuʻuanu Pali in Hawaii, United States. These tunnels serve as one of three trans-Koʻolau routes between Honolulu (leeward Oʻahu) and the communities of windward Oʻahu.
Also, the Nuʻuanu Pali Tunnels serve as a major transportation route from Kāneʻohe and Kailua over to Honolulu. These tunnels and the Pali Highway were built to provide a safer route through the mountain ridge, replacing a narrow, winding, and dangerous road over the mountain.

Kāneʻohe, Hawaii
Kāneʻohe (Hawaiian pronunciation: [kaːneˈʔohe]) is a census-designated place (CDP) included in the City and County of Honolulu and in Hawaiʻi state District of Koʻolaupoko on the island of Oʻahu. In the Hawaiian language, kāne ʻohe means "bamboo man". According to an ancient Hawaiian story, a local woman compared her husband's cruelty to the sharp edge of cutting bamboo; thus the place was named Kāneʻohe or "bamboo man".

The population was 37,430 at the 2020 census. Kāneʻohe is the largest of several communities along Kāneʻohe Bay and one of the two largest residential communities on the windward side of Oʻahu (the other is Kailua). The town's commercial center is spread mostly along Kamehameha Highway.

Features of note are Hoʻomaluhia Botanical Garden and the Hawaiʻi National Veterans Cemetery. The main shopping center is Windward Mall. Access to Kāneʻohe Bay is mainly from the public pier and boat ramp at nearby Heʻeia Kea.
John Oladipo Oladitan
John Oladipo Oladitan Listenⓘ(28 November 1930 – 17 June 2002) was a Nigerian athlete. He competed in the men's long jump at the 1960 Summer Olympics.

Oladitan won the British AAA Championships title in the long jump event at the 1961 AAA Championships.

Athletics at the 1960 Summer Olympics – Men's long jump
The men's long jump field event at the 1960 Olympic Games took place on September 2. Forty-nine athletes from 34 nations competed. The maximum number of athletes per nation had been set at 3 since the 1930 Olympic Congress. The event was won by 1 cm by Ralph Boston of the United States, the nation's eighth consecutive and 13th overall victory in the men's long jump. Igor Ter-Ovanesyan's bronze was the Soviet Union's first medal in the event.
1991 Estonia national football team
The 1991 season was the 71st season of competitive football (soccer) in Estonia. After gaining independence from the Soviet Union in August 1991 the Estonia national football team were managed by Uno Piir. In November the team competed at the reinstated Baltic Cup against the two other Baltic nations, Latvia and Lithuania. The FIFA did not recognize the matches at the tournament as official games.

1991 in Estonian football
The 1991 season was the 71st season of competitive football (soccer) in Estonia, and the last one in the Baltic country as a part of the Soviet Union. The championship began in the spring of 1991. In the First Division or Premier League ("Meistriliiga") thirteen teams played, in the Second Division ("Esiliiga") twelve teams. The Third Division played in regional groups followed by a promotion play-off on completion of the group stage.
Methylobacterium oryzae
Methylobacterium oryzae  is a facultatively methylotrophic and aerobic bacteria from the genus of Methylobacterium which has been isolated from tissues of the rice plant Oryza sativa in Cheongwon in Korea. Methylobacterium oryzae can utilize 1-aminocyclopropane 1-carboxylate. Methylobacterium oryzae can promote plant growth.

1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid
1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) is a disubstituted cyclic α-amino acid in which a cyclopropane ring is fused to the Cα atom of the amino acid.  It is a white solid.  Many cyclopropane-substituted amino acids are known, but this one occurs naturally. Like glycine, but unlike most α-amino acids, ACC is not chiral.
Philipp Fernis
Philipp Fernis (born 20 May 1982 in Mainz) is a German politician serving as minister of justice of Rhineland-Palatinate since 2025. He has been a member of the Landtag of Rhineland-Palatinate since 2021.

Landtag of Rhineland-Palatinate
The Landtag of Rhineland-Palatinate is the state diet of the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate.

Article 79, Section 1 of the Rhineland-Palatinate constitution provides: "The Landtag is the supreme organ of political decision-making, elected by the people. It represents the people, elects the Minister-President and confirms the cabinet, passes the laws and the budget, controls the executive and enunciates the popular will in the conduct of public affairs, in questions of European policy and according to the agreements between the Landtag and the cabinet."

The Landtag consists of 101 members.

The Landtag convenes in the Deutschhaus building, where also the first democratically elected parliament German history had convened, the Rhenish-German national convention of the Mainz Republic. Parts of its administration are located in the old arsenal.

The German flag used in the Landtag is a historical one used during the Hambacher Fest.
Howard Clark (bishop)
Howard Hewlett Clark CC (April 23, 1901 – January 21, 1983) was Primate of the Anglican Church of Canada from 1959 to 1971.

Born in Fort Macleod, Alberta, Clark attended the University of Trinity College in Toronto.  He was first appointed Curate of St. John the Baptist Norway in Toronto, Ontario in 1930. In 1932 he was made Curate of Christ Church Cathedral in Ottawa. He became Priest-in-Charge in 1938, Rector in 1939, and Dean and Rector from 1945 to 1953.  He was Bishop of the Diocese of Edmonton from 1954 to 1961 and Bishop of Rupert's Land from 1961 to 1970. He was elected Primate of the Anglican Church of Canada in 1959; and became metropolitan of Rupert's Land in 1961.

In 1970 Clark was made a Companion of the Order of Canada. From 1971 to 1982 he was Chancellor of Trinity College, Toronto.

Fort Macleod
Fort Macleod (/məˈklaʊd/ mə-KLOWD) is a town in southern Alberta, Canada. It was originally named Macleod to distinguish it from the North-West Mounted Police barracks (Fort Macleod, built 1874) it had grown around. The fort was named in honour of the then Commissioner of the North-West Mounted Police, Colonel James Macleod. Founded as the Municipality of the Town of Macleod in 1892, the name was officially changed to the already commonly used "Fort Macleod" in 1952.
Günther Oettinger
Günther Hermann Oettinger (born 15 October 1953) is a German lawyer and politician of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) who served as European Commissioner for Budget and Human Resources from 2017 to 2019, as European Commissioner for Digital Economy and Society from 2014 to 2016 and as European Commissioner for Energy from 2010 to 2014.

He is affiliated with the liberal-conservative European People's Party (EPP). He served as Minister-President of Baden-Württemberg between 2005 and 2010 and as chairman of the CDU Baden-Württemberg from 2005 until 2010.

Since 2021, Oettinger has served as president of the German private university EBS Universität für Wirtschaft und Recht in Wiesbaden.

CDU Baden-Württemberg
The CDU Baden-Württemberg (CDU BW or CDU BaWü) is the political party with the most members in the German state of Baden-Württemberg and the second largest state party (in German, Landespartei or Landesverband) of the Christian Democratic Union of Germany with almost 65,000 members. Its chairman is Manuel Hagel, who succeeded Thomas Strobl in 2023.

Its predecessors were the Badische Christlich-Soziale Volkspartei (BCSV), the Christlich-demokratische Partei (CDP), and the Christlich-Soziale Volkspartei.

The state party was founded in January 1971, when the state parties of CDU Nordbaden, Südbaden, Nordwürttemberg, and Württemberg-Hohenzollern merged into a single party. The first chairman was Hans Filbinger.

The CDU has been the governing party of Baden-Württemberg continuously from 1953 to 2011, the year Winfried Kretschmann of the Alliance '90/Greens won the regional state elections.
Listed buildings in Offcote and Underwood
Offcote and Underwood is a civil parish in the Derbyshire Dales district of Derbyshire, England. The parish contains twelve listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England. All the listed buildings are designated at Grade II, the lowest of the three grades, which is applied to "buildings of national importance and special interest". The parish is almost completely rural and contains no significant settlements. Apart from a milepost, all the listed buildings are houses, farmhouses and associated structures.

Derbyshire Dales
Derbyshire Dales (/ˈdɑːrbiʃɪər, -ʃər/ DAR-bee-sheer, -⁠shər) is a local government district in Derbyshire, England. The district was created in 1974 as West Derbyshire; the name was changed to Derbyshire Dales in 1987. The council is based in the town of Matlock, and the district also includes the towns of Ashbourne, Bakewell, Darley Dale and Wirksworth, as well as numerous villages and extensive rural areas. Much of the district is within the Peak District National Park.

The neighbouring districts are High Peak, Sheffield, North East Derbyshire, Amber Valley, South Derbyshire, East Staffordshire and Staffordshire Moorlands.
Chitta Batta
Chitta Batta is a small village with around 5,000 inhabitants located in the Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. Its coordinates are 34°21'59.99"N 73°14'60.00"E. It lies along the N-15 highway and is approximately 9 kilometres from Mansehra.

N-15 National Highway
The N–15 or National Highway 15 (Urdu: ۱۵ قومی شاہراہ) is a 240-kilometre-long national highway in Pakistan. It connects the city of Mansehra in Pakistan's Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province to the city of Chilas in the administrative territory of Gilgit–Baltistan. It is often used as a bypass for the Karakoram Highway (N–35) and is popular amongst tourists who visit Naran and its surrounding region.
Dialogues of the Gods
Dialogues of the Gods (Ancient Greek: Θεῶν Διάλογοι) are twenty-five miniature dialogues mocking the Homeric conception of the Greek gods, written in the Attic Greek dialect by the Syrian author Lucian of Samosata. The work was translated into Latin around 1518 by Livio Guidolotto (also called Guidalotto or Guidalotti), the apostolic assistant of Pope Leo X.

Attic Greek
Attic Greek is the Greek dialect of the ancient region of Attica, including the polis of Athens. Often called Classical Greek, it was the prestige dialect of the Greek world for centuries and remains the standard form of the language that is taught to students of Ancient Greek. As the basis of the Hellenistic Koine, it is the most similar of the ancient dialects to later Greek. Attic is traditionally classified as a member or sister dialect of the Ionic branch.
Edward W. Tayler
Edward William Tayler (March 13, 1931 – April 23, 2018) was an American literary scholar.

He was born in Berlin on March 13, 1931, and moved to the United States, where he grew up in Westfield, New Jersey. He received a bachelor's degree from Amherst College and earned a doctorate in English from Stanford University. Tayler joined the faculty of Columbia University in 1960, and was named the Lionel Trilling Professor in the Humanities. He was an awarded a Guggenheim fellowship in 1968. Tayler retired in 1999, although he returned briefly to teach Literature Humanities and a graduate section in the mid 2000s when he was in fair health. He died of heart failure on April 23, 2018, aged 87.

Westfield, New Jersey
Westfield is a town in Union County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, located 16 miles (26 km) southwest of New York City. As of the 2020 United States census, the town's population was 31,032, an increase of 716 (+2.4%) from the 2010 census count of 30,316, which in turn reflected an increase of 672 (+2.3%) from the 29,644 counted in the 2000 census.

In March 2018, Bloomberg ranked Westfield as the 99th highest-income place in the United States, and the 18th highest-income location in New Jersey. According to a 2014 nationwide survey, Westfield was ranked as the 30th-safest city to live in the United States.

The town has been one of the state's highest-income communities. Based on data from the American Community Survey for 2013–2017, Westfield residents had a median household income of $159,923, ranked 8th in the state among municipalities with more than 10,000 residents, more than double the statewide median of $76,475.
Referencer
Referencer is a GNOME application to organize documents or references, and ultimately generate a BibTeX bibliography file. It is designed with the scientist/researcher in mind, and "document" may be taken to mean "paper" in general, although Referencer can deal with any kind of document that BibTeX can. Chief among Referencer's capabilities is the automatic acquisition of bibliographic information (metadata) for some kinds of documents. Upon adding a PDF file to a Referencer library file, it will automatically be searched for key identifiers such as a DOI code or arXiv identifier. If either of these is found, Referencer will attempt to retrieve the metadata for the document via the internet. However, metadata fetching for newer additions to arXiv is broken because of the change of format.

GNOME
GNOME (/ɡəˈnoʊm, ˈnoʊm/) is a free and open-source desktop environment for Linux and other Unix-like operating systems. It is distributed as the default desktop environment of many major Linux distributions, including Debian, Fedora Linux, Ubuntu, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, and SUSE Linux Enterprise, and is the default in Oracle Solaris, a Unix operating system.

GNOME is developed by the GNOME Project, which is composed of both volunteers and paid contributors, the largest corporate contributor being Red Hat. It is an international project that aims to develop frameworks for software development, to program end-user applications based on these frameworks, and to coordinate efforts for the internationalization, localization, and accessibility of that software.

In 2023 and 2024, GNOME received €1,000,000 from Germany's Sovereign Tech Fund.
German submarine U-414
German submarine U-414 was a Type VIIC U-boat built for Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine for service during World War II.
She was laid down on 14 June 1941 by Danziger Werft, Danzig as yard number 115, launched on 25 March 1942 and commissioned on 1 July 1942 under Oberleutnant zur See Walther Huth.

Oberleutnant zur See
Oberleutnant zur See (OLt zS or OLZS in the German Navy, Oblt.z.S. in the Kriegsmarine) is traditionally the highest rank of Lieutenant in the German Navy. It is grouped as OF-1 in NATO.

The rank was introduced in the Imperial German Navy by renaming the former rank of Premier Lieutenant in 1890. Within the navy, officers of this rank were simply addressed as Herr Oberleutnant. To distinguish naval officers from those of the army, the suffix zur See (at sea) was added in official communications, sometimes shortened to z.S. (Oblt.z.S.). The rank has since been used by the Reichsmarine, Kriegsmarine, and Bundesmarine.  In the Volksmarine, the rank was originally used in the same way until the suffix zur See was dropped. In the Kriegsmarine, engineers (Ingenieur – Ing.) of the same rank were distinguished as Oberleutnant (Ing.).
Kristie Marano
Kristie Davis (née Karen Stenglein, later Kristie Marano, born January 24, 1979) is a wrestler from Albany, New York.

Davis won nine medals at the women's World Championships in freestyle wrestling, two of which were gold.  In 2004, Davis (who was competing as Kristie Marano at the time) received the James M. Cooke Memorial Award as the New York Athletic Club's (NYAC) Athlete of the Year. She was the third woman to receive this award.

In 2002, she was awarded Women's Wrestler of the Year by USA Wrestling.

Kristie married Link Davis, the head coach of the Emmanuel College wrestling team, and went by Kristie Davis in 2016. She is an alumna of Colonie Central High School and Hudson Valley Community College and  Pikes Peak Community College.  She has a daughter named Kayla from her first marriage.

Davis came out of retirement in 2016, in an unsuccessful attempt to make the U.S. Olympic team in the 75 kg class.

USA Wrestling
USA Wrestling (formerly known as the United States Wrestling Federation and as the United States Wrestling Association) is the organization that currently governs freestyle wrestling and Greco-Roman wrestling in the United States. USA Wrestling is also the official representative to the United States Olympic & Paralympic Committee (USOPC) and to United World Wrestling (UWW) and is considered the national governing body of the sport at the competitive level.
Mike Vaught
Mike Vaught (born c. 1961) is a former athletic administrator who previously served as the athletic director at Grand Canyon University in Phoenix, Arizona, being named to the position on October 15, 2014 and resigning on August 12, 2019. He had previously served as deputy athletic director at Southern Methodist University and assistant athletic director at Rice University.  Aside from athletic administration, Vaught has been an assistant football coach at University of Arkansas, Missouri State University, Texas State University and the United States Naval Academy.  Prior to accepting the position at Grand Canyon, Vaught was the director of corporate sponsorship at AdvoCare.

Missouri State University
Missouri State University (MSU or MO State), formerly Southwest Missouri State University, is a public university in Springfield, Missouri, United States. Founded in 1905 as the Fourth District Normal School, it is the state's second-largest university by enrollment, with an enrollment of 23,418 in the fall semester of 2023. The school also offers associate degree programs at two-year campus in West Plains, Missouri and a bachelor's degree in business program at Liaoning Normal University in China. The university operates a fruit research station in Mountain Grove, Missouri and a Department of Defense and Strategic Studies program in Fairfax, Virginia.