hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Comparative contextual analysis
Comparative contextual analysis is a methodology for comparative research where contextual interrogation precedes any analysis of similarity and difference. It is a thematic process directed and designed to explore relationships of agency rather than institutional or structural frameworks. See structure and agency and theory of structuration.

Structure and agency
In the social sciences there is a standing debate over the primacy of structure or agency in shaping human behaviour. Structure is the recurrent patterned arrangements which influence or limit the choices and opportunities available. Agency is the capacity of individuals to act independently and to make their own free choices. The structure versus agency debate may be understood as an issue of socialization against autonomy in determining whether an individual acts as a free agent or in a manner dictated by social structure.
Nikola Vojinović (politician)
Nikola Vojinović (Serbian Cyrillic: Никола Војиновић; born 1985) is a politician in Serbia. He has served in the National Assembly of Serbia since 2020 as a member of the populist catch-all Serbian Progressive Party.

Big tent
A big tent party, or catch-all party, is a political party having members covering a broad spectrum of beliefs. This is in contrast to other kinds of parties, which defend a determined ideology, seek voters who adhere to that ideology, and attempt to convince people towards it.
John Leahy (Australian politician)
John Leahy (15 July 1854 – 20 January 1909) was a newspaper proprietor and member of the Queensland Legislative Assembly.

Leahy was born at Schull, County Cork, to Patrick Leahy, farmer, and his wife Mary (née Coghlan). After receiving his education he moved to Queensland where he was said to have worked as a rural labourer before becoming postmaster at Windorah then settling in Thargomindah. It was here that Leahy held a partnership in a cordial factory and, with his brother Patrick, became part-owner of the Thargomindah Herald. From 1886 until 1889 he was also the proprietor of the Royal Hotel which was located in the main street of the town.

Schull
Schull or Skull (/ˈskʌl/ SKUL; Irish: An Scoil or Scoil Mhuire, meaning "Mary's School") is a town on the south-west coast of County Cork in Ireland.

Located on the southwest coast of Ireland in the municipal district of West Cork, the town is dominated by Mount Gabriel (407 m). It has a sheltered harbour, used for recreational boating. The area, on the peninsula leading to Mizen Head, is a tourist destination, and there are numerous holiday homes along the adjoining coast. Schull had a population of 669 in 2022. The town's secondary school, Schull Community College, houses one of the only planetariums in Ireland, along with a sailing school. Each year Schull harbour hosts the Fastnet International Schools Regatta.
Fernand Picard (engineer)
Fernand Picard (21 February 1906 – 21 November 1993) was a French automotive engineer who served as a design and research director at Renault. He is best known for leading the design of the post-World War II Renault 4CV and its successor, the Renault Dauphine, both hugely successful cars that helped mobilize France in the 1940s and 1950s.

Renault Caravelle
The Renault Caravelle is a sports car manufactured and marketed by Renault for model years 1958–1968 in a single generation — as a rear-engine, rear-drive, two/four-seater coupe or convertible designed by Pietro Frua of Carrozzeria Ghia, sharing its floorpan and engine with the Renault Dauphine.

The Floride was presented at the 1958 Paris Motor Show and was launched in the United States and Canada as the Renault Caravelle a year after its introduction in Europe. Outside of North America and Britain it was, until 1962, marketed under the nameplate Renault Floride.
Jacob Baxter
Jacob Baxter (June 6, 1832 – July 23, 1912) was speaker of the Legislature of Ontario in 1887-1890 and served as Liberal MLA for Haldimand from 1867 to 1898.

He was born in Bertie Township in Welland County, Upper Canada in 1832, the son of Jacob Baxter, former reeve of Bertie. He studied medicine, received the degree of M.D. from the University of New York and the Bellevue Hospital Medical College and set up a medical practice in Cayuga in partnership with his younger brother Benjamin. He also served as justice of the peace and as surgeon for the local militia unit - 37th Haldimand Rifles. In 1860, he married Rose Griffith. He was defeated by John Senn in the 1894 general election but Senn's election was appealed and Baxter won the subsequent by-election. After retiring from politics, Baxter served as registrar for Haldimand County. He is buried in the Riverside Cemetery, Cayuga, Ontario.

Haldimand County
Haldimand County is a rural city-status single-tier municipality on the Niagara Peninsula in Southern Ontario, Canada, on the north shore of Lake Erie, and on the Grand River. Despite its name, it is no longer a county by definition, as all municipal services are handled by a single level of government. Municipal offices are located in Cayuga.

The county is adjacent to Norfolk County, the County of Brant, the City of Hamilton, the townships of West Lincoln and Wainfleet, and the Six Nations reserve.
Indian football league system
The Indian football league system is the league structure of football club competitions in India. The highest level of men's club football competition is the Indian Super League. Indian Women's League, founded in 2016, is the highest level of women's football club competition in India.

IMG (company)
IMG, originally known as the International Management Group, is a global sports, fashion, events and media company headquartered in New York City. The company manages athletes and fashion celebrities; owns, operates and commercially represents live events; and is an independent producer and distributor of sports and entertainment media.
Lagrangian relaxation
In the field of mathematical optimization, Lagrangian relaxation is a relaxation method which approximates a difficult problem of constrained optimization by a simpler problem. A solution to the relaxed problem is an approximate solution to the original problem, and provides useful information.

The method penalizes violations of inequality constraints using a Lagrange multiplier, which imposes a cost on violations. These added costs are used instead of the strict inequality constraints in the optimization. In practice, this relaxed problem can often be solved more easily than the original problem.

The problem of maximizing the Lagrangian function of the dual variables (the Lagrangian multipliers) is the Lagrangian dual problem.

Lagrange multiplier
In mathematical optimization, the method of Lagrange multipliers is a strategy for finding the local maxima and minima of a function subject to equation constraints (i.e., subject to the condition that one or more equations have to be satisfied exactly by the chosen values of the variables). It is named after the mathematician Joseph-Louis Lagrange.
Carmen Fault
The Carmen Fault is a right lateral-moving transform fault located on the seafloor of the southern Gulf of California. It links the Guaymas Basin to the north with the Carmen Basin to the south. All these features are part of the Gulf of California Rift Zone, the northern extension of the East Pacific Rise.

A magnitude 6.3 earthquake occurred along the Carmen Fault on January 19, 2017.

East Pacific Rise
The East Pacific Rise (EPR) is a mid-ocean rise (usually termed an oceanic rise and not a mid-ocean ridge due to its higher rate of spreading that results in less elevation increase and more regular terrain), at a divergent tectonic plate boundary, located along the floor of the Pacific Ocean. It separates the Pacific plate to the west from (north to south) the North American plate, the Rivera plate, the Cocos plate, the Nazca plate, and the Antarctic plate. It runs south from the Gulf of California in the Salton Sea basin in Southern California to a point near 55°S 130°W﻿ / ﻿55°S 130°W﻿ / -55; -130, where it joins the Pacific-Antarctic Ridge (PAR) trending west-south-west towards Antarctica, near New Zealand (though in some uses the PAR is regarded as the southern section of the EPR). Much of the rise lies about 3,200 km (2,000 mi) off the South American coast and reaches a height about 1,800–2,700 m (5,900–8,900 ft) above the surrounding seafloor.
René Vestri
René Vestri (25 October 1938 in Saint-Jean-Cap-Ferrat, France – 6 February 2013, in Paris) was a French politician. He was a member of the Senate of France for the Alpes-Maritimes department, a member of the General council of the Alpes-Maritimes and the mayor of Saint-Jean-Cap-Ferrat. He was a member of the Rassemblement pour la République (RPR) and of the Union for a Popular Movement (UMP).

In 2010 Vestri was indicted for money laundering, influence peddling and conspiracy. In 2011, in a separate corruption case, he received a suspended five-month prison sentence and a 3000 Euros fine.

Saint-Jean-Cap-Ferrat
Saint-Jean-Cap-Ferrat (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ ʒɑ̃ kap fɛʁa]; Occitan: Sant Joan de Cap Ferrat; Italian: San Giovanni Capo Ferrato) is a resort town and commune in the Alpes-Maritimes department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in Southeastern France. In 2012, Cap Ferrat was named the second most expensive residential location in the world, after Monaco.

Saint-Jean-Cap-Ferrat is located on a peninsula next to Beaulieu-sur-Mer and Villefranche-sur-Mer and extends out to Cap Ferrat. Its tranquility and warm climate make it a favourite holiday destination among the European aristocracy and international rich who visit the French Riviera.
Cattolica di Stilo
The Cattolica di Stilo is a Byzantine church in the comune of Stilo (Province of Reggio), Calabria, southern Italy. It is a national monument, and part of the "Evidence of Italo-Greek Culture between the Early and Late Middle Ages" proposed World Heritage Site.

Province of Reggio Calabria
The province of Reggio Calabria (Italian: provincia di Reggio Calabria) was a province in the Calabria region of Italy. It was the southernmost province in mainland Italy and is separated from the island of Sicily by the Strait of Messina. The capital was the city of Reggio.

It was effectively replaced by the Metropolitan City of Reggio Calabria in 2017.
People's Army Newspaper
The People's Army Newspaper (Vietnamese: Báo Quân đội nhân dân) is a Vietnamese newspaper headquartered in Hanoi. It is under the authority of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of Vietnam and the Ministry of National Defense, and it is practically the official press of the entire Vietnam People's Armed Forces and the People's Army of Vietnam. It is published in Vietnamese, English, Chinese, Lao and Khmer languages.

It was established as a revolutionary newspaper with the name Vệ quốc quân (lit. 'the National Guard') during the First Indochina War and later changed its name to Quân đội nhân dân (lit. 'the People's Army'). Polish soldier Stefan Kubiak, who had deserted from the French Foreign Legion and joined the Việt Minh, became a reporter of The People's Army after the First Indochina War.

Vietnam People's Armed Forces
The Vietnam People's Armed Forces (Vietnamese: Lực lượng Vũ trang nhân dân Việt Nam (LLVTNDVN)) are the armed uniformed services and national security forces of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. The Armed Forces are placed under the political leadership of the sole-ruling Communist Party of Vietnam and under the supreme command of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of Vietnam headed by the General Secretary. It consists of three components: the Vietnam People's Army which is the military of Vietnam, the Vietnam People's Public Security which is the law enforcement agency (police) of Vietnam and Vietnam Militia and Self-Defence Force which is the militia of Vietnam.
Blitz (surname)
Blitz is the surname of:

Andy Blitz (born 1971), writer, actor and comedian

Anne Dudley Blitz (1881–1951), Dean of Women at the University of Minnesota (1923–1949)

David Blitz, philosopher

Gérard Blitz (entrepreneur) (1912–1990), founder of Club Med

Gérard Blitz (swimmer) (1901–1979), swimming and waterpolo Olympic medalist

Jeffrey Blitz, American film director and screenwriter

Jekuthiel Blitz, translator of Bible into Yiddish 1678

Johnny Blitz, punk rock drummer

Julien Paul Blitz (1885–1951), Belgian-American conductor

Maurice Blitz (1891–1975), Belgian Olympic water polo player

Phil Blitz (born 1984), professional wrestler

Rayner Blitz (born 1968), cricketer

Simon Blitz, British entrepreneur

Urban Blitz (born 1951), British rock musician

Maurice Blitz
Maurice Blitz (28 July 1891 – 2 February 1975) was a Belgian Olympic water polo player during the 1920s. He was born in Île-de-France, Paris. He was the older brother of sporting champion Gérard Blitz, and father of Gérard Blitz who founded Club Med in 1950.

Maurice Blitz and his brother Gérard were both member of the Belgian water polo national team who won silver in two consecutive olympic events, in 1920 and 1924.

Maurice Blitz, who was Jewish, did not leave the water polo scene once he retired from competitions. He became an international referee (he conducted the Olympic final in 1928), and was a member of the Belgian Olympic Committee and swimming federation.  He was a referee for water polo in the 1928 Olympics.

In 1948, he founded the swimming and waterpolo club Zwemclub Scaldis in Antwerp.

He was one of the early financial supporters of Club Med, founded by his son Gérard in 1950.
Complicit (play)
Complicit is a play by American playwright Joe Sutton premièred at The Old Vic Theatre in London on 7 January 2009.
The cast of Richard Dreyfuss (Pulitzer Prize–winning journalist Ben Kritzer), 
Elizabeth McGovern (his wife Judith) and
David Suchet (his defence lawyer and friend Roger Cowan) was directed by Kevin Spacey.

David Suchet
Sir David Courtney Suchet (/ˈsuːʃeɪ/ SOO-shay; born 2 May 1946) is an English actor. He is known for his work on stage and in television. He portrayed Edward Teller in the television serial Oppenheimer (1980) and received the RTS and BPG awards for his performance as Augustus Melmotte in the British serial The Way We Live Now (2001). International acclaim and recognition followed his performance as Agatha Christie's detective Hercule Poirot in Agatha Christie's Poirot (1989–2013), for which he received a 1991 British Academy Television Award for Best Actor nomination.

A prolific stage actor, Suchet has been nominated for nine Olivier Awards and a Tony Award.
Duty (tax)
In economics, a duty is a target-specific form of tax levied by a state or other political entity. It is often associated with customs, in which context they are also known as tariffs or dues. The term is often used to describe a tax on certain items purchased abroad.

A duty is levied on specific commodities, financial transactions, estates, etc. rather than being a direct imposition on individuals or corporations such income or property taxes.  Examples include customs duty, excise duty, stamp duty, estate duty, and gift duty.

Property tax
A property tax (whose rate is expressed as a percentage or per mille, also called millage) is an ad valorem tax on the value of a property.

The tax is levied by the governing authority of the jurisdiction in which the property is located. This can be a national government, a federated state, a county or other geographical region, or a municipality. Multiple jurisdictions may tax the same property.

Often a property tax is levied on real estate. It may be imposed annually or at the time of a real estate transaction, such as in real estate transfer tax. This tax can be contrasted with a rent tax, which is based on rental income or imputed rent, and a land value tax, which is a levy on the value of land, excluding the value of buildings and other improvements.

Under a property tax system, the government requires or performs an appraisal of the monetary value of each property, and tax is assessed in proportion to that value.
Hymenaea stigonocarpa
Hymenaea stiginocarpa is an irregularly shaped, mostly 6–9 m (20–30 ft) high tree that has been assigned to the pea family. It has a twisted spindle-shaped trunk, a very rough grey bark, and reddish-brown twigs. The deciduous leaves consist of two large asymmetrical leaflets with an entire margin. The flowers occur in clusters of up to thirty at the end of the branches. It produces edible, highly appreciated fruits, which are often collected from the wild and used by local people. The vernacular name of this species in Brazil is jatobá do cerrado.

Fruit (plant structure)
Fruits are the mature ovary or ovaries of one or more flowers. They are found in three main anatomical categories: aggregate fruits, multiple fruits, and simple fruits.

Fruitlike structures may develop directly from the seed itself rather than the ovary, such as a fleshy aril or sarcotesta.

The grains of grasses are single-seed simple fruits wherein the pericarp and seed coat are fused into one layer. This type of fruit is called a caryopsis. Examples include cereal grains, such as wheat, barley, oats and rice.
Hsoun
Hsoun (Arabic: الحصون, also spelled el-Houssoun) is a municipality in the Byblos District of Keserwan-Jbeil Governorate, Lebanon. It is 73 kilometers north of Beirut. Bejjeh has an average elevation of 916 meters above sea level and a total land area of 326 hectares. There were four companies with more than five employees operating in the village as of 2008. Its inhabitants are predominantly Maronite Catholics and Shia Muslims.

Lebanese Shia Muslims
Lebanese Shia Muslims (Arabic: المسلمون الشيعة اللبنانيون), historically and communally known as Matāwila (Arabic: متاولة, plural of متوالي mutawāli; pronounced as متوالي metouéle in Lebanese Arabic), are Lebanese people who are adherents of Shia Islam in Lebanon, which plays a major role alongside Lebanon's main Sunni, Maronite and Druze sects. Shiite Muslims in Lebanon are synonymous with Twelver Shi'ism and are distinguished from Alawites and Isma'ilis.

Today, Shiite Muslims constitute around 31.2% of the Lebanese population per the CIA's World Factbook. Under the terms of an unwritten agreement known as the National Pact between the various political and religious leaders of Lebanon, Shiites are the only sect eligible for the post of Speaker of Parliament.
Tuilla
Tuilla (Spanish) or Tiuya (Asturian) is a small parish and former mining village in the municipality of Langreo, Asturias, North Spain. It is located to the southeast of the center of the city of Oviedo, near La Felguera-Langreo, and had a population of 1,491 in 2009. In the past (19th century and part of the 20th century) Tuilla was a significant in the mining industry, with the coal mines of El Terrerón, Mosquitera and La Braña.

The village is well known for its football club, CD Tuilla, and for being the place of birth of the international footballer David Villa and where the priest soldier Gaspar García Laviana was moved during his childhood.

Parish (administrative division)
A parish is an administrative division used by several countries. To distinguish it from an ecclesiastical parish, the term civil parish is used in some jurisdictions, as noted below.

The table below lists countries which use this administrative division:
2002 Davidoff Swiss Indoors
The 2002 Davidoff Swiss Indoors was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the St. Jakobshalle in Basel in Switzerland and was part of the International Series of the 2002 ATP Tour. The tournament ran from 21 October through 27 October 2002. Sixth-seeded David Nalbandian won the singles title.

St. Jakobshalle
St. Jakobshalle is a multi-purpose indoor arena in the municipality of Münchenstein in Basel-Landschaft, right by the border with Basel-Stadt. Officially opened in September 1976, it is primarily used for hosting indoor sports and concert events. Following a significant renovation, the main arena has a seated capacity of 8,000 people but this can be increased to 12,400 (previously 9,000) when combined with a standing audience.

The building was designed by the architect Giovanni Panozzo and has different sized halls and rooms, which are used for all types of events. It is the home of the Swiss Indoors men's tennis and Swiss Open badminton tournaments.
National Emergency Management Agency (Mongolia)
The National Emergency Management Agency (Mongolian: Онцгой байдлын ерөнхий газар, romanized: Ontsgoi Baidlyn yerönkhii gazar) or NEMA (ОБЕГ, OBYeG) is a paramilitary government agency overseeing emergency services in Mongolia. It was established with the duty to conduct nationwide post-disaster activities. Similar to the Russian Ministry of Emergency Situations in its mandate, it is responsible for developing environmental legislation as well as managing the fallout from natural disasters and conducting rescue work.

The Civil Defense Directorate of the Mongolian Armed Forces is the main executive body responsible for implementing civil defense measures, functioning under the direct authority of the Minister of Defense.

Ministry of Emergency Situations (Russia)
The Ministry of Civil Defence, Emergencies and Disaster Relief (full name in Russian: Министерство Российской Федерации по делам гражданской обороны, чрезвычайным ситуациям и ликвидации последствий стихийных бедствий (МЧС России), English: Ministry of the Russian Federation for Civil Defense, Emergency Situations and Elimination of the Consequences of Natural Disasters (Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia)), is a Russian government agency overseeing the civil emergency services in Russia.

President Boris Yeltsin established EMERCOM on January 10, 1994, though the ministry can be traced back to December 27, 1990, when the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) established the Russian Rescue Corps and assigned it the mission of rapid response to emergencies.
LD Entertainment KH
LD Entertainment Co., Ltd. (Khmer: អិលឌី អេនធើធេនមែនធ៍), doing business as LD, is a film studio subsidiary of the Cambodia entertainment. LD had released films of various genres such as romance, comedy, horror and drama as well as the hit films The Clock: Spirits Awakening, Rent Boy (2023 film), Single Dad (film), The Night Curse of Reatrei and  Mannequin Wedding.

Single Dad (film)
Single Dad (Khmer: លោកប៉ាមហាកូរ, Lok Pa Moha Ko; transl. Single Dad) is a 2022 Cambodian romantic comedy film directed  and written by Diep Sovanndara.

The film's first release date is July 21, 2022. It made a record of being Cambodia's highest-grossing Rom-Com film of all times.
Matijasevic
Matijasevic or Matiyasevich is a Serbo-Croatian and Russian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Darko Matijašević, Bosnian politician

Vladimir Matijašević, Serbian football player

Yuri Matiyasevich, Russian mathematician and computer scientist

Mikhail Matiyasevich, Soviet military commander

Yuri Matiyasevich
Yuri Vladimirovich Matiyasevich (Russian: Ю́рий Влади́мирович Матиясе́вич; born 2 March 1947 in Leningrad) is a Russian mathematician and computer scientist. He is best known for his negative solution of Hilbert's tenth problem (Matiyasevich's theorem), which was presented in his 1972 doctoral thesis at LOMI (the Leningrad Department of the Steklov Institute of Mathematics). He continued to work at that institute, becoming a professor there in 1995.