hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Erik Jarvik
Anders Erik Vilhelm Jarvik (30 November 1907 – 11 January 1998) was a Swedish paleontologist who worked extensively on the sarcopterygian (or lobe-finned) fish Eusthenopteron.  In a career that spanned some 60 years, Jarvik produced some of the most detailed anatomical work on this fish, making it arguably the best known fossil vertebrate.

Jarvik was born at a farm in Utby Parish near Mariestad in northern Västergötland. He studied botany, zoology, geology, and paleontology at Uppsala University, where he took his licentiate's degree in 1937. In 1942, he completed his PhD with the dissertation On the structure of the snout of Crossopterygians and lower Gnathostomes in general. He participated in the Greenland expedition of Gunnar Säve-Söderbergh in 1932, and was appointed assistant in the Department of Palaeozoology of the Swedish Museum of Natural History in Stockholm in 1937. He eventually succeeded Erik Stensiö as professor and head of the department in 1960, retiring in 1972.

Licentiate
A licentiate (abbreviated Lic.) is an academic degree awarded in many countries, by a variety of types of educational (usually tertiary) institutions, after a variety of courses of study.  It can represent completion of study at different educational levels, in Europe it is commonly for postgraduate studies program.

The ecclesiastical licentiate is also a postgraduate degree preparatory to a ecclesiastical doctoral degree when issued by pontifical universities and certain other universities in Europe. The ecclesiastical licentiate in the civil system is considered similar to the coursework and exams of a Doctor of Philosophy program.

The term is also used for a person who holds this degree.
Charles S. Thompson (set decorator)
Charles S. Thompson (August 28, 1908 – July 9, 1994) was a Canadian-born Hollywood set decorator, with nearly 200 films to his credit in a career that lasted 30 years. He cut his teeth on a string of B movies in the early 1940s, before breaking into John Ford's inner circle of regulars. Amongst his credits for the director were Rio Grande (1950) and The Quiet Man (1952), for which he received an Academy Award nomination. Thompson fared better with higher profile projects throughout the 1950s and 1960s, particularly in television, working on such series as Perry Mason, The Fugitive and The Man from U.N.C.L.E., whilst on the feature film front, his work can be viewed in Samuel Fuller's Shock Corridor (1963) and the Clint Eastwood vehicle, Joe Kidd (1972). Thompson scored a second Oscar nomination in 1965 for his work on A Patch of Blue. He died on July 9, 1994, at the age of 85.

The Quiet Man
The Quiet Man is a 1952 American romantic comedy drama film directed and produced by John Ford, and starring John Wayne, Maureen O'Hara, Victor McLaglen, Barry Fitzgerald, Arthur Shields and Ward Bond. The screenplay by Frank S. Nugent was loosely based on a 1933 Saturday Evening Post short story of the same name by Irish author Maurice Walsh, later published as part of a collection titled The Green Rushes. The film features Winton Hoch's lush photography of the Irish countryside and a long, climactic, semi-comic fist fight.

The film was an official selection of the 1952 Venice Film Festival. John Ford won the Academy Award for Best Director, his fourth, and Winton Hoch won for Best Cinematography. In 2013, the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".
Mentzelia micrantha
Mentzelia micrantha is a species of flowering plant in the family Loasaceae known by the common name San Luis blazingstar.

It is native to the coastal mountain ranges of western North America from just north of the San Francisco Bay Area to Baja California. It grows in several types of mountain slope and hillside habitat, including chaparral and sometimes disturbed areas.

Loasaceae
Loasaceae is a family of 15–20 genera and about 200–260 species of flowering plants in the order Cornales, native to the Americas and Africa. Members of the family include annual, biennial and perennial herbaceous plants, and a few shrubs and small trees. Members of the subfamily Loasoideae are known to exhibit rapid thigmonastic stamen movement when pollinators are present.
Bjørn Floberg
Bjørn Floberg (born 12 September 1947) is a Norwegian actor of film, television and theatre. He is particularly noted for playing unsympathetic authority figures, but he has also had success playing other types of roles.

Verdens Gang
Verdens Gang (lit. 'The course of the world'), generally known under the abbreviation VG, is a Norwegian tabloid newspaper. In 2016, circulation numbers stood at 93,883, declining from a peak circulation of 390,510 in 2002. Nevertheless, VG is the most-read online newspaper in Norway, with about 2 million daily readers.

Verdens Gang AS is a private company wholly owned by the public company Schibsted ASA.
The Unreturned
The Unreturned is a 2010 documentary film by Nathan Fisher. The film tells the story of five middle-class Iraqi refugees caught in an absurdist purgatory of endless bureaucracy, dwindling life savings, and forced idleness. The Unreturned was shot in verité style in Syria and Jordan, with unscripted narration by the refugees in the film. These Iraqis come from diverse ethnic and religious backgrounds.

The film's world premiere was April 25, 2010 at the Minneapolis-St. Paul International Film Festival, where it was awarded "Best of Festival" honors. The film is also an official selection at the 2010 Marfa Film Festival and the 2010 Human Rights Watch International Film Festival in New York.

Minneapolis–Saint Paul International Film Festival
The Minneapolis St. Paul International Film Festival (MSPIFF) is an annual springtime film festival in the U.S. state of Minnesota that has been held since 1981.  It began as the Rivertown Film Festival of Pine City and eventually grew to become the largest film event in the Upper Midwest, with an annual attendance that exceeds 40,000.

Historically lauded for being one of the world's finest showcases of Scandinavian films, the festival features an eclectic lineup of films from more than 70 countries and cultures around the world. Locally produced material is also highlighted through a series called Minnesota Made, or MN Made.
Robert Chambers (biologist)
Robert Chambers (October 23, 1881 in Erzerum– July 22, 1957) was an American biologist, inventor of instruments to dissect living cells.
Chambers was president of the American Society of Zoologists, president of Harvey Society, and president of the Union of American Biological Sciences.  He was also chief of Laboratory of Experimental Cell Research at the Marine Biological Laboratory. Chambers received his Ph.D. from the University of Munich, Germany.

Marine Biological Laboratory
The Marine Biological Laboratory (MBL) is an academic research center for biological and environmental sciences. The center is associated with the University of Chicago but will return to full independence in June 2026. The center is located in Woods Hole, Massachusetts.

MBL was founded in 1888 as a private, nonprofit institution. It was acquired by the University of Chicago on July 1, 2013. As of 2024, 63 Nobel Prize winners have been affiliated with MBL as students, faculty members, or researchers. In addition, since 1960, there have been 137 Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigators, early career scientists, international researchers, and professors; 319 members of the National Academy of Sciences; and 260 Members of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences who have been affiliated with the lab.
Beatriz's War
Beatriz's War (Portuguese: A Guerra da Beatriz) is a 2013 drama film directed by Luigi Acquisto and Bety Reis. It is the first full-length feature film to be produced by East Timor. Its premiere was on 17 September 2013 in Dili. The film was shown in the first month to 30,000 East Timorese at outdoor screenings. It was screened at the 2013 Adelaide Film Festival. It won Golden Peacock (Best Film) at the 44th International Film Festival of India.

2013 Adelaide Film Festival
The 6th Adelaide Film Festival took place in Adelaide, Australia, from 10 to 20 October 2013. This was Amanda Duthie's first year as Festival Director (after eight years at the Australian Broadcasting Corporation and eight years at the Special Broadcasting Service during the 1990s), having taken over from Katrina Sedgwick. Margaret Pomeranz and David Stratton served as the festival's patrons.

Scott Hicks received the 2013 Don Dunstan Award for his contribution to the Australian film industry.

The poster this year depicts Screen Worship, which celebrates work for all screens—cinema, television, phone and computer.
Sumed pipeline
The Sumed Pipeline (also known as the Suez-Mediterranean Pipeline) is an oil pipeline in Egypt, running from the Ain Sokhna terminal in the Gulf of Suez, the northernmost terminus of the Red Sea, to offshore Sidi Kerir port, Alexandria in the Mediterranean Sea. It provides an alternative to the Suez Canal for transporting oil from the Persian Gulf region to the Mediterranean.

Gulf of Suez
The Gulf of Suez (Arabic: خليج السويس, romanized: khalīǧ as-suwais; formerly بحر القلزم, baḥar al-qulzum, lit. "Sea of Calm") is a gulf at the northern end of the Red Sea, to the west of the Sinai Peninsula. Situated to the east of the Sinai Peninsula is the smaller Gulf of Aqaba. The gulf was formed within a relatively young but now inactive Gulf of Suez Rift rift basin, dating back about 26 million years. It stretches some 300 kilometres (190 mi) north by northwest, terminating at the Egyptian city of Suez and the entrance to the Suez Canal. Along the mid-line of the gulf is the boundary between Africa and Asia. The entrance of the gulf lies atop the mature Gemsa oil and gas field.
The gulf is considered one of the world's important maritime zones due to being an entrance to the Suez Canal.
Boitano
Boitano is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Brian Boitano (born 1963), American figure skater

Dan Boitano (born 1953), American baseball player

Mark Boitano (born 1953), American politician and real estate agent

Mary Etta Boitano (born 1963), American marathon runner

Brian Boitano
Brian Anthony Boitano (born October 22, 1963) is an American figure skater from Sunnyvale, California. He is the 1988 Olympic champion, the 1986 and 1988 World Champion, and the 1985–1988 U.S. National Champion.

Boitano turned professional following the 1988 season. Under new rules by the ISU, he returned to competition in 1993 and competed at the 1994 Winter Olympics, where he placed sixth. In 1996, he was inducted into the World Figure Skating Hall of Fame and the United States Figure Skating Hall of Fame.
Papua New Guinea at the 2010 Commonwealth Games
Papua New Guinea competed at the 2010 Commonwealth Games held in Delhi, India, from 3 to 14 October 2010. Papua New Guineans was taking part (possibly among other events) in rugby.

The "Queen's Baton" visited Papua New Guinea on 24 April prior to the Games. Governor-General Sir Paulias Matane was the first bearer of the Baton during its stop in the country.

Swimmer Ryan Pini, who had won gold in the 100 metres butterfly at the 2006 Games, reached the final in both the 50m butterfly and the 100m butterfly. He finished fifth in the former; the final of the latter has not yet taken place, but he was described as having "a good chance of retaining the title after cruising through the qualifying rounds".

Ryan Pini
Ryan John Pini MBE (born 10 December 1981 in Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea) is a 4-time Olympic swimmer from Papua New Guinea. He swam for PNG at the 2004, 2008, 2012, and 2016 Olympics; also serving as the PNG flagbearer in 2008 and 2016. He is the first PNG swimmer ever to reach an Olympic final.

Pini competes for the Boroko Swim Club.
Milford, Massachusetts
Milford is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 30,379 according to the 2020 census. It contains the census-designated place of the same name. First settled in 1662 and incorporated in 1780, Milford became a booming industrial and quarrying community in the 19th century due to its unique location which includes the nearby source of the Charles River, the Mill River, the Blackstone River watershed, and large quantities of Milford pink granite.

Public-access television
Public-access television (sometimes called community-access television) is traditionally a form of non-commercial mass media where the general public can create content television programming which is narrowcast through cable television specialty channels. Public-access television was created in the United States between 1969 and 1971 by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), under Chairman Dean Burch, based on pioneering work and advocacy of George Stoney, Red Burns (Alternate Media Center), and Sidney Dean (City Club of NY).

Public-access television is often grouped with public, educational, and government access television channels, under the acronym PEG.
Harvey Cushing/John Hay Whitney Medical Library
The Harvey Cushing/John Hay Whitney Medical Library (abbreviated as Cushing/Whitney Medical Library) is the medical library of Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut. It primarily serves the Yale School of Medicine, the Yale School of Nursing, and Yale New Haven Hospital.

Yale School of Nursing
The Yale School of Nursing (YSN) is the nursing school of Yale University, located in West Haven, Connecticut. It is among the top 20 graduate nursing schools in the country, according to the latest rankings by U.S. News & World Report (2024). In addition to the top 20 tier overall ranking, the school’s Advanced Practice Nursing specialties in Psychiatric-Mental Health and Adult-Gerontology Primary Care had the fifth highest scores nationally as ranked by peer institutions. Yale’s School of Nursing remains among the most selective in the nation, with only 20% of applicants estimated to be accepted.

Established in 1923 in New Haven, Connecticut, YSN moved in 2013 to Yale University's West Campus, located in West Haven and Orange, CT.
J. R. "Bob" Dobbs
J. R. "Bob" Dobbs is the putative  figurehead of the parody religion
the Church of the SubGenius. His image is derived from a collection of clip art distributed by the Bell Telephone Company of West Texas in 1946.

According to SubGenius dogma, "Bob" was a salesman who, in 1953, saw a vision of the god JHVH-1 on a television set he had built. The vision inspired him to write or dictate the "PreScriptures" (as described in the Book of the SubGenius) and found the Church. The theology holds that "Bob" is the greatest salesman who ever lived, and has cheated death a number of times. He is also revered for his great follies and believed to be a savior of "Slack". He was assassinated in San Francisco in 1984, though the Church claims that he has come back from the dead several times since then.

The quotation marks in "Bob"'s name are always included when spelling his name, according to the Church.

Figurehead
In politics, a figurehead is a practice of who de jure (in name or by law) appears to hold an important and often supremely powerful title or office, yet de facto (in reality) exercises little to no actual power. The metaphor derives from the carved figurehead at the prow of a sailing ship.
Southfield, Cape Town
Southfield is a residential suburb located in the Southern Suburbs of Cape Town in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. It is situated between Plumstead and Diep River along the M5 highway. According to the 2011 census, Southfield has a population of 7,106 people and 2,155 households.

2011 South African census
The South African National Census of 2011 is the 3rd comprehensive census performed by Statistics South Africa.

The 2011 census was the first census to include geo-referencing for every individual dwelling in South Africa.
Assago
Assago ([asˈsaːɡo]; Milanese: Assagh [aˈsɑːk], Sagh [sɑːk]) is a town and municipality (Italian: comune) with 9,326 inhabitants in the Metropolitan City of Milan, in the northern Italian region of Lombardy.

It is home of the headquarters of Nestlé's Italian branch and the Unipol Forum, one of Italy's major indoor sports arena, used also for concerts and events.

Corsico
Corsico (Milanese: Còrsich) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Milan in the Italian region Lombardy, bordering Milan on the southwest.

Corsico received the honorary title of city with a presidential decree on 22 July 1987. Corsico is served by Corsico railway station.
Liberty Grove, Tennessee
Liberty Grove is an unincorporated community in Lawrence County, Tennessee, United States. It is situated along Tennessee State Route 227 between Loretto to the northwest and the Alabama state line to the southeast, in southeastern Lawrence County.

Tennessee State Route 227
State Route 227 (SR 227) is a 32.3-mile-long (52.0 km) east–west state highway in extreme southern Middle Tennessee. It is the only state highway in Tennessee that both begins and ends at the Alabama state line, with one end at Cypress Inn and the other just across the state line from Lexington, Alabama.
Fish Springs Range
The Fish Springs Range is a 16-mile (26 km) long narrow, and north-trending mountain range located in center-west Juab County, Utah. The northeast of the range borders the Fish Springs National Wildlife Refuge; the entire east of the range borders the Fish Springs Flat, where the east region of the flat borders the Thomas Range.

The Fish Springs Range lies at the south of the Great Salt Lake Desert; southwards, as well as southwest and southeastwards, north-trending valleys and mountain ranges drain northwards to the Great Salt Lake Desert. The sequence of these landforms west-to-east, are Snake Valley (Great Basin), Confusion Range, Tule Valley-(Fish Springs Range-north), House Range, Whirlwind Valley, and Drum Mountains.

The south of the range borders the north of Tule Valley.

Juab County, Utah
Juab County (/ˈdʒuːæb/ JOO-ab) is a county in western Utah, United States. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 11,786. Its county seat and largest city is Nephi. Juab County is part of the Provo–Orem, Utah Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Salt Lake City–Provo–Orem, Utah Combined Statistical Area.
1920 Hungarian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Hungary on 25 and 26 January 1920. However, they were only held in 164 districts. After the Treaty of Trianon was signed, the 44 districts previously occupied by Romania voted between 13 June and 5 July, whilst the 11 districts occupied by Serbia did not vote until 30 and 31 October 1921. The election was held with compulsory voting. In protest at this and other changes to the franchise that left 60% of the voting age population unable to vote, the Hungarian Social Democratic Party boycotted the elections, and called for its supporters to cast invalid votes, resulting in an unusually high number of blank or invalid votes – 12% in the January elections and over 20% in Budapest and other major cities.

The National Smallholders and Agricultural Labourers Party and the Christian National Union Party won 194 of the 219 seats and formed a coalition government on 15 March. However, it lasted only until 4 June when the Treaty of Trianon was signed.

Compulsory voting
Compulsory voting, also called universal civic duty voting or mandatory voting, is the requirement that registered voters participate in an election. As of January 2026, 21 countries have compulsory voting laws. Law enforcement in those countries varies considerably, and the penalty for not casting a ballot without a proper justification ranges from severe to non-existent.
Erskine baronets of Cambo (first creation, 1666)
The Erskine baronetcy, of Cambo in the County of Fife, was created in the Baronetage of Nova Scotia on 20 August 1666 for Charles Erskine. He was a younger brother of Alexander Erskine, 3rd Earl of Kellie.

The 2nd Baronet sat as Member of Parliament for Fife. The 8th Baronet succeeded to the earldom of Kellie in 1797. The baronetcy remained a subsidiary title of the earldom until the baronetcy's extinction in 1829, after the deaths of Thomas Erskine, 9th Earl of Kellie and then his brother Methven in 1829. The overlapping Erskine baronets of Cambo (second creation, 1821) was set up in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom.

Cambo Estate
Cambo Estate lies close to the village of Kingsbarns in north-east Fife, Scotland. It is within the East Neuk, 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) south-east of St Andrews. At the heart of the estate lies the 19th-century Cambo House, the home of Sir Peter Erskine, Bt and Lady Catherine Erskine. The gardens of Cambo are open to the public, and include the walled garden and seasonal snowdrop gardens. Elsewhere on the estate is the Kingsbarns Golf Links golf course, which co-hosts the Alfred Dunhill Links Championship every year.
Giulio Ascoli
Giulio Ascoli (20 January 1843, Trieste, Austrian Empire – 12 July 1896, Milan) was a Jewish-Italian mathematician. He was a student of the Scuola Normale di Pisa, where he graduated in 1868.

In 1872 he became Professor of Algebra and Calculus of the Politecnico di Milano University. From 1879 he was professor of mathematics at the Reale Istituto Tecnico Superiore, where, in 1901, was affixed a plaque that remembers him.

He was also a corresponding member of Istituto Lombardo.

He made contributions to the theory of functions of a real variable and to Fourier series. For example, Ascoli introduced equicontinuity in 1884, a topic regarded as one of the fundamental concepts in the theory of real functions. In 1889, Italian mathematician Cesare Arzelà generalized Ascoli's Theorem into the Arzelà–Ascoli theorem, a practical sequential compactness criterion of functions.

Italian Jews
Italian Jews (Italian: ebrei italiani; Hebrew: יהודים איטלקים‎) or Roman Jews (Italian: ebrei romani; Hebrew: יהודים רומים‎) can be used in a broad sense to mean all Jews living in or with roots in Italy, or, in a narrower sense, to mean the Italkim, an ancient community living in Italy since the Ancient Roman era, who use the Italian liturgy (or "Italian Rite") as distinct from those Jewish communities in Italy dating from medieval or modern times who use the Sephardic liturgy or the Nusach Ashkenaz.
Parvatinatha Temple
The Parvatinatha Temple (also spelled as Parbatinath) is a saptadasa-ratna (seventeen-pinnacled) temple, built in the 19th century at Chandrakona in Ghatal subdivision of Paschim Medinipur district in West Bengal, India.

Paschim Medinipur district
Paschim Medinipur  (English: West Medinipur, alternative spelling Midnapore) district is one of the districts of the state of West Bengal, India. It was formed on 1 January 2002 after the partition of Midnapore into Paschim Medinipur and Purba Medinipur. On 4 April 2017, the Jhargram subdivision was upgraded to a district. GDP of West Midnapore district is 12 billion USD.
Chromis lubbocki
Chromis lubbocki is a species of marine fish of the family Pomacentridae. This fish grows to 12.5 cm maximal length. It occurs in the eastern Atlantic Ocean, off the coast of Cape Verde. The specific name honours the marine biologist Hugh Roger Lubbock (1951-1981) who led  the Cambridge Expedition to Saint Paul's Rocks, part of the Cape Verde Islands, who collected the type specimen and realised it was a new species.

Pomacentridae
Pomacentridae is a family of ray-finned fish, comprising the damselfishes and clownfishes. This family were formerly placed in the order Perciformes or as indeterminate percomorphs, but are now considered basal blenniiforms.
They are primarily marine, while a few species inhabit freshwater and brackish environments (e.g., Neopomacentrus aquadulcis, N. taeniurus, Pomacentrus taeniometopon, Stegastes otophorus). They are noted for their hardy constitutions and territoriality.  Many are brightly colored, so they are popular in aquaria.