hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Wrist drop
Wrist drop is a medical condition in which the wrist and the fingers cannot extend at the metacarpophalangeal joints. The wrist remains partially flexed due to an opposing action of flexor muscles of the forearm. As a result, the extensor muscles in the posterior compartment remain paralyzed.

Metacarpophalangeal joint
The metacarpophalangeal joints (MCP) are situated between the metacarpal bones and the proximal phalanges of the fingers. These joints are of the condyloid kind, formed by the reception of the rounded heads of the metacarpal bones into shallow cavities on the proximal ends of the proximal phalanges. Being condyloid, they allow the movements of flexion, extension, abduction, adduction and circumduction (see anatomical terms of motion) at the joint.
Chaeron of Megalopolis
Chaeron of Megalopolis was the man who, shortly before the birth of Alexander, 356 BC, was sent by Philip to consult the Delphic oracle about the snake which he had seen with Olympias in her chamber and the peculiar dream he had had in which supposedly "a thunderbolt fell into her womb [and]..much fire sprung up". (Plutarch. Alex. 2,3.)

He may be the same person as the Chaeron who, in the speech attributed by some to Demosthenes, is mentioned as having been made tyrant of Pellene by Alexander (comp. Fabric. Bibl. Grace, b. ii. ch. 26), whom Athenaeus (xi. p. 509) describes as having been a pupil both of Plato and Xenocrates. He is said to have conducted himself very tyrannically at Pellene, banishing the chief men of the state, and giving their property and wives to their slaves. Athenaeus speaks of his cruelty and oppression as the natural effect of Plato's principles in the "Republic" and the Laws.

Xenocrates
Xenocrates (/zəˈnɒkrəˌtiːz/; Greek: Ξενοκράτης; c. 396/5 – 314/3 BC) of Chalcedon was a Greek philosopher, mathematician, and leader (scholarch) of the Platonic Academy from 339/8 to 314/3 BC. His teachings followed those of Plato, which he attempted to define more closely, often with mathematical elements.  He distinguished three forms of being: the sensible, the intelligible, and a third compounded of the two, to which correspond respectively, sense, intellect and opinion. He considered unity and duality to be gods which rule the universe, and the soul a self-moving number. God pervades all things, and there are daemonical powers, intermediate between the divine and the mortal, which consist in conditions of the soul. He held that mathematical objects and the Platonic Ideas are identical, unlike Plato who distinguished them. In ethics, he taught that virtue produces happiness, but external goods can minister to it and enable it to effect its purpose.
Md. Tajuddin
Md. Tajuddin is an Indian politician from Jharkhand. He is a member of the Jharkhand Legislative Assembly from 2024, representing Rajmahal Assembly constituency as a member of the Jharkhand Mukti Morcha.

Rajmahal Assembly constituency
Rajmahal Assembly constituency is one of the 81 Legislative Assembly constituencies of Jharkhand state in eastern India. This constituency covers Rajmahal and Sahebganj Police Stations in Rajmahal sub-division of the district.
Stellar Quines Theatre Company
Stellar Quines is a women's Scottish theatre company and charity based in Edinburgh, Scotland. Established in 1993, the company has worked predominantly within Scotland but has also toured shows nationally and internationally. Stellar Quines was under the artistic direction of Muriel Romanes from 1996–2016, when Jemima Levick took over.

The name Stellar Quines is a combination of two old Scots words: Stellar, meaning 'starry', and Quines, meaning 'women'. It was suggested by Gerda Stevenson, who established the company in 1993 to "address the lack of opportunities for women in theatre."

Gerda Stevenson
Gerda Stevenson (born April 10, 1956) is a Scottish actress, director and writer.

Known for her wide-ranging works in media, her notable stage roles include the title character in Edwin Morgan's English translation of Racine's Phèdre, and Lady Macbeth. In film, she starred alongside Celia Imrie in Margaret Tait's Blue Black Permanent (1992) and played the mother of Murron MacClannough in Braveheart (1995), winning the BAFTA Scotland Award for Best Actress for the former. Stevenson was described by The Scotsman in 1999 as "Scotland's finest actress".

In addition to her screen and stage work, Stevenson is also a playwright, poet, and frequently appears on radio; as a reader of short stories and as an actress in adaptations.
The Stress of Her Regard
The Stress of Her Regard is a 1989 horror/fantasy novel by Tim Powers. It was nominated for the 1990 World Fantasy and Locus Awards in 1990, and won a Mythopoeic Award. As with a number of Powers's other novels, it proposes a secret history in which real events have supernatural causes: in this case, the lives of famous English Romantic writers—as well as political events in central Europe during the early 19th century—are largely determined by a race of protean vampire-like creatures known as nephilim.

Drawing from European and Middle Eastern mythology, Powers depicts these beings as having qualities of vampires, succubi, incubi, Lamia, fairies, and jinn. Not only predators but sometimes benefactors of humans, they are the basis for both the Muses and the Graeae.

Muses
In ancient Greek religion and mythology, the Muses (Ancient Greek: Μοῦσαι, romanized: Moúsai, [ˈmuː.sai̯]; singular: Μοῦσα, Moúsa, [ˈmuː.sa]; Greek: Μούσες, romanized: Múses, [ˈmuː.ses]) were the inspirational goddesses of literature, science, and the arts. They were considered the source of the knowledge embodied in the poetry, lyric songs, and myths that were related orally for centuries in ancient Greek culture.

The number and names of the Muses differed by region, but from the Classical period the number of Muses was standardized to nine, and their names were generally given as Calliope, Clio, Polyhymnia, Euterpe, Terpsichore, Erato, Melpomene, Thalia, and Urania.

In modern figurative usage, a muse is a person who serves as someone's source of artistic inspiration.
Punata Province
Punata is a province almost in the middle of the Cochabamba Department, Bolivia, located about 45 km south of the city of Cochabamba. Its capital is Punata. The province is limited to the north by the Chapare Province, to the north-east by the Tiraque Province, to the east by the Arani Province, to the south-east by the Mizque Province, to the south by the Esteban Arze Province and to the west by the Germán Jordán Province.

Its archaeological and historical sites are the main interest for foreign tourists.

Provinces of Bolivia
A province is the second largest administrative division in Bolivia, after a department. Each department is divided into provinces. There are 112 provinces.

The country's provinces are further divided into 337 municipalities which are administered by an alcalde and municipal council.
Fifth North Carolina Provincial Congress
The Fifth North Carolina Provincial Congress or 1st North Carolina Constitutional Convention was the fifth and final meeting of the North Carolina Provincial Congress. Composed of 187 delegates from 35 counties and ten towns, it met at the court house in Halifax from November 12 to December 23, 1776, in the first year of American independence. Richard Caswell of Dobbs County was unanimously chosen as president, and Cornelius Harnett of Brunswick County as vice president.

Richard Caswell
Richard Caswell (August 3, 1729 – November 10, 1789) was an American politician and lawyer who served as the first and fifth governor of the U.S. state of North Carolina from 1776 to 1780 and from 1785 to 1787. He also served as a senior officer of militia in the Southern theater of the American Revolutionary War. As a delegate to the First Continental Congress, he was a signatory of the 1774 Continental Association.
Sumner Sewall
Sumner Sewall (June 17, 1897 – January 25, 1965) was an American Republican politician and airline executive who served as the 58th governor of Maine from 1941 to 1945. He began his aviation career during World War I as a fighter ace.

Sewall was a candidate for the United States Senate in 1948, losing to Margaret Chase Smith in the Republican primary. His wife, Helen, was infamous for saying “Why send a woman to Washington when you can get a man?”

Senior management
Senior management, executive management, or upper management is an occupation at the highest level of management of an organization, performed by individuals who have the day-to-day tasks of managing the organization, sometimes a company or a corporation.
2024 Braga Open
The 2024 Braga Open was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the sixth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2024 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Braga, Portugal between 30 September and 6 October 2024.

Braga Open
The Braga Open is a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It is currently part of the ATP Challenger Tour. It is held annually in Braga, Portugal since 2018. The tournament has been installed with Braga's nomination as European City of Sport in 2018.
Zambia National Commercial Bank
Zambia National Commercial Bank, commonly referred to by the name "Zanaco", is a commercial bank in Zambia. It is licensed by Bank of Zambia, the central bank and national banking regulator. In 2021, Zanaco became the first bank in Zambia to register ZMW1bn in profit after tax.

Commercial bank
A commercial bank is a financial institution that accepts deposits from the public and gives loans to its clients to make a profit.

It can also refer to a bank or a division of a larger bank that deals with wholesale banking to corporations or large or middle-sized businesses, to differentiate from retail banks and investment banks. Commercial banks include private sector banks and public sector banks. However, central banks function differently from commercial banks, despite a common misconception known as the "bank analogy". Unlike commercial banks, central banks are not primarily focused on generating profits and cannot become insolvent in the same way as commercial banks in a fiat currency system.
Phupu Lhamu Khatri
Phupu Lhamu Khatri (Nepali: फुपु लामु खत्री; born 5 October 1996) is a Nepali female judoka and Olympian. She won a gold medal for Nepal at the 2016 South Asian Games, and went on to bag the Female Player of the Year Award at the NSJF Pulsar Sports Award in the same year.

Khatri has been playing for the senior team since 2012. She claimed a silver medal in Ranking Judo held in Hong Kong in 2015. In the same year, she claimed bronze in the JUA Junior Championship held in Macau. For her gold medal haul in SAG, she eased past her opponents from Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, and Pakistan by ippon before beating an Indian opponent for gold.

Khatri represented Nepal in the Judo at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Women's 63 kg category at the 2016 Summer Olympics. She was defeated by Maricet Espinosa of Cuba in the round of 32. In light of her excellent performance in the South Asian Games, she was also chosen to be the flag bearer for Nepal at the 2016 Summer Olympics Parade of Nations.

2016 South Asian Games
The 2016 South Asian Games, officially the XII South Asian Games, is a major multi-sport event which took place from 5 February to 16 February 2016 in Guwahati and Shillong, India. A total of 2,672 athletes competed in 226 events over 22 sports. Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated the 2016 South Asian Games in Guwahati on 5 February 2016. India continued its dominance in the game's medal tally with a staggering 308 medals including 188 gold medals.
Judith Smith
Judith Smith or Judy Smith could refer to:

Judith Smith Ladson (1766-1820), American socialite and heiress

Judith Winsor Smith (1821-1921), American women's suffrage activist and abolitionist

Judith Kaye (born Judith Ann Smith) (1938-2016), American jurist and former Chief Judge of the New York Court of Appeals

Judy Smith (born 1958), American crisis manager

Judith Anne Smith, American jurist and Associate Judge on the Superior Court of the District of Columbia

Judith Eldredge Smith, American homicide victim

Judy Seriale Smith, state legislator in Arkansas

Judy Smith
Judy A. Smith (born October 27, 1958) is an American crisis manager, lawyer, author, and television producer. She is known as the founder, president, and CEO of the crisis management firm Smith & Company. Her work in crisis management is the inspiration for the ABC television series Scandal.
Nirex
Nirex was a United Kingdom body set up in 1982 by the UK nuclear industry to examine safe, environmental and economic aspects of deep geological disposal of intermediate-level and low-level radioactive waste (LLRW).

Low-level waste
Low-level waste (LLW) or low-level radioactive waste (LLRW) is a category of nuclear waste. The definition of low-level waste is set by the nuclear regulators of individual countries, though the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) provides recommendations.

LLW includes items that have become contaminated with radioactive material or have become radioactive through exposure to neutron radiation. This waste typically consists of contaminated protective shoe covers and clothing, wiping rags, mops, filters, reactor water treatment residues, equipments and tools, luminous dials, medical tubes, swabs, injection needles, syringes, and laboratory animal carcasses and tissues.
Warakurna Community
Warakurna is a large Aboriginal community, located in the Goldfields-Esperance region of Western Australia, within the Shire of Ngaanyatjarraku and is situated on the Great Central Road (part of the Outback Way ultimately connecting Perth to Cairns diagonally across Australia). It is at the western end of the Rawlinson Ranges. At the 2016 census, Warakurna had a population of 268, including 237 who identified as Aboriginal Australians, most of whom speak Ngaanyatjarra at home.

Outback Highway
The Outback Highway or Outback Way is a series of roads and dirt tracks linking Laverton, Western Australia and Winton, Queensland. At 2,719 km (1,690 mi), it crosses Central Australia (colloquially known as the Outback), passing through Western Australia, the Northern Territory and Queensland.
2025 deaths in the United Kingdom
The following notable deaths of British people occurred in 2025. Names are reported under the date of death, in alphabetical order. A typical entry reports information in the following sequence:

Name, age, citizenship at birth, nationality (in addition to British), or/and home nation, what subject was noted for, birth year, cause of death (if known), and reference.

Upstairs, Downstairs (1971 TV series)
Upstairs, Downstairs is a British drama television series produced by London Weekend Television (LWT) for ITV. It ran for 68 episodes divided into five series on ITV from 1971 to 1975.

Set in a large townhouse at 165 Eaton Place in Belgravia in central London, the series depicts the servants—"downstairs"—and their masters, the family—"upstairs"—between 1903 and 1930, and shows the slow decline of the British aristocracy. Great events feature prominently in each episode but minor or gradual changes are also noted. The show may be regarded as a fictional view of the social and technological changes that occurred during those 27 years, including the Edwardian period, women's suffrage, the First World War, the Roaring Twenties, and the Wall Street crash. It was a ratings success for ITV and received outstanding acclaim worldwide, winning multiple awards.

The BBC Wales and Masterpiece-produced continuation Upstairs Downstairs was broadcast by BBC One in 2010.
Metronome All-Stars
The Metronome All-Stars were a collection of jazz musicians assembled for studio recordings by Metronome Magazine, based on its readers' polls. The studio sessions were held in the years 1939–42, 1946–53, and 1956, and typically consisted of two tracks which allowed each participant a chance to solo for one chorus. Earlier recordings feature more swing style, while the later sessions tend more toward bebop.

Benny Goodman
Benjamin David Goodman (May 30, 1909 – June 13, 1986) was an American jazz clarinetist and bandleader, known as the "King of Swing". His orchestra did well commercially.

From 1935 until the mid-1940s, Goodman led one of the most popular swing big bands in the United States. His concert at Carnegie Hall in New York City on January 16, 1938, is described by critic Bruce Eder as "the single most important jazz or popular music concert in history: jazz's 'coming out' party to the world of 'respectable' music."

Goodman's bands started the careers of many jazz musicians. During an era of racial segregation, he led one of the first integrated jazz groups, his trio and quartet. He continued performing until the end of his life while pursuing an interest in classical music.
Stevie Morrison
Stephen James "Stevie" Morrison (born 25 November 1978, in Eastbourne) is a British yachtsman who has enjoyed success in a classes such as the International Cadet and the 49er. He is the son of Phil Morrison, the British yacht designer.

Cadet
A cadet is a student or trainee within various organisations, primarily in military contexts where individuals undergo training to become commissioned officers. However, several civilian organisations, including civil aviation groups, maritime organisations, and police services, also designate their auxiliary members and trainees as cadets.
Termoli railway station
Termoli railway station (Italian: Stazione di Termoli) serves the town and comune of Termoli, in the region of Molise, southern Italy.  Opened in 1864, it forms part of the Adriatic Railway (Ancona–Lecce) and is also a terminus for the line to Venafro, linking the comuni of Molise with both the Adriatic and Tyrrhenian seas.

The station is currently managed by Rete Ferroviaria Italiana (RFI).  However, the commercial area of the passenger building is managed by Centostazioni.  Train services are operated by Trenitalia.  Each of these companies is a subsidiary of Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane (FS), Italy's state-owned rail company.

Tyrrhenian Sea
The Tyrrhenian Sea (/tɪˈriːniən, -ˈreɪ-/, tih-REE-nee-ən ,-RAY-; Italian: Mar Tirreno [mar tirˈrɛːno] or [-ˈreː-]) is part of the Mediterranean Sea off the western coast of Italy. Its namesake is from the Tyrrhenian people, identified with the Etruscans of Italy.
Kristie Macrakis
Kristie Irene Macrakis (March 11, 1958 – November 14, 2022) was an American historian of science, author and professor in the School of History, Technology and Society at the Georgia Institute of Technology. She was the author or editor of five books and was widely known for her work at the intersection of history of espionage and history of science and technology.

History of science and technology
The history of science and technology (HST) is a field of history that examines the development of the understanding of the natural world (science) and humans' ability to manipulate it (technology) at different points in time. This academic discipline also examines the cultural, economic, and political context and impacts of scientific practices; it likewise may study the consequences of new technologies on existing scientific fields.
Bavykino
Bavykino (Russian: Бавыкино) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Bavykino, Borovsky District, Kaluga Oblast, a village in Borovsky District of Kaluga Oblast

Bavykino, Mosalsky District, Kaluga Oblast, a village in Mosalsky District of Kaluga Oblast

Bavykino, Kursk Oblast, a village in Afanasyevsky Selsoviet of Oboyansky District of Kursk Oblast

Bavykino, Chekhovsky District, Moscow Oblast, a village in Barantsevskoye Rural Settlement of Chekhovsky District of Moscow Oblast

Bavykino, Naro-Fominsky District, Moscow Oblast, a village in Tashirovskoye Rural Settlement of Naro-Fominsky District of Moscow Oblast

Bavykino, Zaraysky District, Moscow Oblast, a village in Gololobovskoye Rural Settlement of Zaraysky District of Moscow Oblast

Bavykino, Tver Oblast, a village in Ostashkovskoye Rural Settlement of Torzhoksky District of Tver Oblast

Zaraysky District
Zaraysky District (Russian: Зара́йский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Moscow Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southeast of the oblast. The area of the district is 967.68 square kilometers (373.62 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Zaraysk. Population: 41,912 (2010 Census);  41,974 (2002 Census); 18,104 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Zaraysk accounts for 58.8% of the district's total population.
Vice President of Haiti
Vice President of Haiti (French: Vice-président d'Haïti) was a former political position in Haiti. It was formally established the first and so far the only time in 1874.

The position was formally established in the Constitution of Haiti in August 1874, a new version of the constitution to replaced an earlier version. The presidential term was changed to eight years and a vice president position with executive powers was established.

An office of a jointly-elected Vice President, intended to replace the office of Prime Minister, was proposed by Jovenel Moïse in a draft constitution which he intended to submit for ratification, but his 2021 assassination indefinitely paused its reintroduction.

Constitution of Haiti
The Constitution of Haiti (French: Constitution d'Haïti, Haitian Creole: Konstitisyon Ayiti) is the supreme law of the Republic of Haiti. It was modeled after the constitutions of the United States, Poland and France. The latest version of the document was approved by Parliament in March 2011 and came into effect on June 20, 2012.
Junior Mendes
Albert Junior Hillyard Andrew Mendes (born 15 September 1976) is an English-born Montserratian former professional footballer and sports scientist who as of 2024, works as Head of Performance for NIFL Premiership side Coleraine.

As a player he was a striker from 1995 to 2015. Mendes began his career with Premier League side Chelsea in 1995, but was released at the 95–96 season. He went on to play in the Football League for Carlisle United, Mansfield Town, Huddersfield Town, Northampton Town, Grimsby Town, Notts County, Lincoln City and Aldershot Town, in Scotland with St Mirren, Dunfermline Athletic and Ayr United, and in English Non-league football with Stevenage Borough and Ilkeston Town. He has represented Montserrat seven times, scoring one goal.

NIFL Premiership
The NIFL Premiership, known as the Sports Direct Premiership for sponsorship purposes but most commonly called the Irish League and sometimes the Irish Premiership, is a professional association football league which operates as the highest division of the Northern Ireland Football League. The NIFL Premiership was established as the IFA Premiership in 2008 under the auspices of the Irish Football Association as the successor to the Irish Premier League, before the Northern Ireland Football League was created for the start of the 2013–14 season. At the end of the season, the champion club is presented with the Gibson Cup.

Linfield are the current champions, winning their 56th Irish League title in the 2024–25 season.