hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cow blowing
Cow blowing, Kuhblasen, phooka, or doom dev is a process in which a farmer forcefully blows air into a cow's vulva or anus to supposedly induce her to produce more milk. A tube may be used to provide some sanitary separation between the blower and the cow, although not every culture that practices cow blowing does so.

Information on the origin, spread and efficacy of this practice appears to be quite scarce. Depictions of this practice have been found on Saharan rock art in Libya and Algeria.

Cow blowing was the reason why Gandhi disliked dairy products, stating that "since I had come to know that the cow and the buffalo were subjected to the process of phooka, I had conceived a strong disgust for milk."

The practice has been illegal in New Zealand since 2018. In 2020 the New Zealand Dairy Industry Awards revoked their 'Share Farmer of the Year' award over a dairy farmer's tweets about the practice.

Saharan rock art
Saharan rock art is a significant area of archaeological study focusing on artwork carved or painted on the natural rocks of the central Sahara desert. The rock art dates from numerous periods starting c. 12,000 years ago, and is significant because it shows the culture of ancient African societies.

The paintings and carvings of the Sahara are endangered, and vulnerable rock art on uncovered rock has already disappeared. Organizations, such as the Trust for African Rock Art, are researching and recording as much information about Saharan rock art as possible, while raising awareness of threats to the art itself.

New discoveries and ongoing research of Sahara's rock art includes findings of ancient symbols, mysterious figures, and scenes depicting early African society's relationship with animals.
Battle of Handan
The Battle of Handan began in 259 BC and concluded in 257 BC, during which the garrison of Handan, the capital city of Zhao, joined by the allied force of Wei and Chu, defeated the invading army of Qin. It was one of the most remarkable failures of the Qin army after the Reform of Shang Yang.

Bai Qi
Bai Qi (Chinese: 白起; c. 332 – c. January 257 BC), also known as Bo Qi and Gongsun Qi (公孫起), was a Chinese military general of the Qin state during the Warring States period. Born in Mei (present-day Mei County, Shaanxi), Bai Qi served as the commander of the Qin army for more than 30 years, being responsible for the deaths of over one million, earning him the nickname Ren Tu (人屠; lit. 'human butcher'). According to the Shiji, he seized more than 73 cities from the other six hostile states, and to date no record has been found to show that he suffered a single defeat throughout his military career. He was instrumental in the rise of Qin as a military hegemon and the weakening of its rival states, thus enabling Qin's eventual conquest of them. He is regarded by Chinese folklore as one of the four Greatest Generals of the Late Warring States period, along with Li Mu, Wang Jian, and Lian Po; he is also remembered as the most fearsome amongst the four.
1953 Belgian Grand Prix
The 1953 Belgian Grand Prix was a Formula Two race held on 21 June 1953 at Circuit de Spa-Francorchamps. It was race 4 of 9 in the 1953 World Championship of Drivers, which was run to Formula Two rules in 1952 and 1953, rather than the Formula One regulations normally used. The 36-lap race was won by Ferrari driver Alberto Ascari after he started from second position. His teammate Luigi Villoresi finished second and Maserati driver Onofre Marimón came in third.

Formula Two
Formula Two (F2) is a type of open-wheel formula racing category first codified in 1948. It was replaced in 1985 by Formula 3000, but revived by the FIA from 2009 to 2012 in the form of the FIA Formula Two Championship. The name returned again in 2017 when the former GP2 Series became known as the FIA Formula 2 Championship.
Boysen Reservoir
Boysen Reservoir is a reservoir formed by Boysen Dam, an earth-fill dam on the Wind River in the central part of the U.S. state of Wyoming.  It is near the town of Shoshoni in Fremont County.  The dam was constructed between 1947 and 1952 at the mouth of Wind River Canyon, just upstream from a previous dam that had been built by Asmus Boysen in 1908 on land he had leased from the Shoshone and Arapaho tribes.  The dam and much of the reservoir are physically located on the Wind River Indian Reservation.

Fremont County, Wyoming
Fremont County is a county in the U.S. state of Wyoming. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 39,234, making it the fifth-most populous county in Wyoming. Its county seat is Lander. The county was founded in 1884 and is named for John C. Frémont, a general, explorer, and politician. It is roughly the size of the state of Vermont. Fremont County comprises the Riverton, WY Micropolitan Statistical Area.
2024 Swedish Open – Women's doubles
Peangtarn Plipuech and Tsao Chia-yi won the title, defeating María Lourdes Carlé and Julia Riera in the final, 7–5, 6–3.

Irina Khromacheva and Panna Udvardy  were the reigning champions, but chose not to participate this year.

Peangtarn Plipuech
Peangtarn "Earth" Plipuech (Thai: เพียงธาร ผลิพืช; born 15 November 1992) is a Thai tennis player.
She has a career-high singles ranking by the WTA of world No. 175, achieved on 31 July 2017. On 7 October 2024, she peaked at No. 95 in doubles.

Plipuech has won three doubles titles on the WTA Challenger Tour, along with seven singles and 34 doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit.
Korneyevka
Korneyevka (Russian: Корнеевка) is a rural locality (a village) and the administrative center of Balzinya Selsoviet, Meleuzovsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 671 as of 2010. The village has 9 streets.

Meleuzovsky District
Meleuzovsky District (Russian: Мелеу́зовский райо́н; Bashkir: Мәләүез районы, Mäläwez rayonı) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the southwest of the republic and borders with Sterlitamaksky and Ishimbaysky Districts in the north, Burzyansky District in the east, Kugarchinsky and Kuyurgazinsky Districts in the south, Fyodorovsky District in the west, and with Sterlibashevsky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 3,234 square kilometers (1,249 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Meleuz (which is not administratively a part of the district). As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 27,159.
2018 Kolkata bridge collapse
The 2018 Kolkata bridge collapse refers to the collapse of the Majerhat Bridge, in the city of Kolkata, India, on 4 September 2018. The bridge collapsed at around 4:45 PM (IST), resulting in the death of three people and injuries to at least 25 others.

Majerhat railway station
Majerhat railway station is a Kolkata Suburban Railway Station on the Budge Budge Branch line with an approximate 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) distance from the Sealdah railway station. It is under the jurisdiction of the Eastern Railway zone of Indian Railways. Majerhat railway station is one of the busiest railway stations in the Sealdah railway division. More than 45 pairs of EMU local trains pass through the railway station on a daily basis. It is situated in Kolkata in the Indian state of West Bengal. Majerhat railway station serves Majerhat and Behala areas in Calcutta.
Van Grunsven
van Grunsven or VanGrunsven is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Anky van Grunsven (born 1968), Dutch dressage rider

Marcel van Grunsven (1896–1969), Dutch mayor

Richard VanGrunsven (born 1939), American aircraft designer

Riet van Grunsven (1918–2004), Dutch resistance fighter

Teun van Grunsven (born 1999), Dutch footballer

Marcel van Grunsven
Marcellus Franciscus Gerardus Maria (Marcel) van Grunsven (4 December 1896 – 24 July 1969) was a Dutch municipal secretary, administrator, and politician who served as mayor of Susteren and later Heerlen. He was mayor of Heerlen from 1926 until his retirement in 1961, making him one of the longest-serving mayors in the city's history. He led Heerlen through the Great Depression, the Second World War, and the peak years of coal mining in South Limburg.

His tenure in Heerlen was marked by strict financial discipline, resilience during German occupation, and extensive urban development. Many of Heerlen's present-day national monuments were built under his administration.
Chex Quest
Chex Quest is a non-violent first-person shooter video game created in 1996 and released in 1997 by Digital Café, originally intended as a Chex cereal promotion aimed at children aged 6–9 and up. It is a total conversion of the more explicitly violent video game Doom (specifically The Ultimate Doom version of the game). Chex Quest won both a Golden EFFIE Award for Advertising Effectiveness and Golden Reggie Award for Promotional Achievement in 1998, and it is known today for having been the first video game ever to be included in cereal boxes as a prize. The game's cult following has been described by the press as being composed of unusually devoted fans of an advertising vehicle from a bygone age.

In 2019, General Mills rereleased Chex Quest and its previously unofficial 2008 sequel, and presented a mini-documentary on YouTube.

Cereal box prize
A cereal box prize, also known as a cereal box toy in the UK and Ireland, is a form of advertising that involves using a promotional toy or small item that is offered as an incentive to buy a particular breakfast cereal. Prizes are found inside or sometimes on the cereal box. The term "cereal box prize" is sometimes used as a broader term to also include premiums that can be ordered through the mail from an advertising promotion printed on the outside of the cereal box.
Josef Thorak
Josef Thorak (7 February 1889 in Vienna, Austria – 26 February 1952 in Bad Endorf, Bavaria) was an Austrian-German sculptor. He became known for oversize monumental sculptures, particularly of male figures, and was one of the most prominent sculptors of the Third Reich.

Bad Endorf
Bad Endorf (German pronunciation: [baːt ˈʔɛndɔʁf]) is a municipality and a village in the district of Rosenheim in Bavaria in Germany. The market town is located about 15 km outside of Rosenheim and is in close proximity to Lake Simssee and Chiemsee lake and its larger shore towns, Prien, Gstadt, and Seebruck.

The town is home to a large health spa, as well as the German Federal Police winter sports training center which is famous for "producing" medal winners at the Winter Olympics such as female speed skater Claudia Pechstein.

Bad Endorf has one main bus station and several minor ones located around the town for regional destinations. The town also has a Deutsche Bahn railway station on the Rosenheim–Salzburg line with service to minor towns in the area as well as Rosenheim, Munich, and Salzburg, Austria.
Innokentyevka
Innokentyevka (Russian: Иннокентьевка) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Innokentyevka, Arkharinsky District, Amur Oblast, a selo in Innokentyevsky Selsoviet of Arkharinsky District

Innokentyevka, Zavitinsky District, Amur Oblast, a selo in Innokentyevsky Selsoviet of Zavitinsky District

Zavitinsky District
Zavitinsky District  (Russian: Завити́нский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty in Amur Oblast, Russia. The area of the district is 3,286 square kilometers (1,269 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Zavitinsk. Population: 15,970 (2010 Census); 20,198 (2002 Census); 29,637 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Zavitinsk accounts for 71.9% of the district's total population.
Fujifilm X-mount
The Fujifilm X-mount is a lens mount for Fujifilm interchangeable lens mirrorless cameras in its X-series, designed for 23.6mm x 15.6mm APS-C sensors.

Various lens manufacturers use this mount, such as Fujifilm's own XF and XC lenses, Carl Zeiss AG (Touit lenses), Samyang Optics, Handevision, SLR Magic, Viltrox and Zhongyi Optics. Additionally, a host of adapters for a range of SLR lenses are available, allowing the mounting of lenses (without autofocus or auto aperture) from Canon, Nikon, Pentax, Minolta, Contax/Yashica, Konica and more. This mount type should not be confused with the discontinued Fujica X-mount, which is not compatible with the newer X-mount without an adapter.

Fujifilm
Fujifilm Holdings Corporation (富士フイルムホールディングス株式会社, Fuji-fuirumu Hōrudingusu kabushiki gaisha), trading as Fujifilm (富士フイルム, Fuji-fuirumu), or simply Fuji, is a Japanese multinational conglomerate headquartered in Tokyo, Japan, operating in the areas of photography, optics, office and medical electronics, biotechnology, and chemicals.

The company started as a manufacturer of photographic films, which it still produces. Fujifilm products include document solutions, medical imaging and diagnostics equipment, cosmetics, pharmaceutical drugs, regenerative medicine, stem cells, biologics manufacturing, magnetic tape data storage, optical films for flat-panel displays, optical devices, photocopiers, printers, digital cameras, color films, color paper, photofinishing and graphic arts equipment and materials.

Fujifilm is part of the Sumitomo Mitsui Financial Group financial conglomerate (keiretsu).
Miyazaki Prefecture
Miyazaki Prefecture (宮崎県, Miyazaki-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [mʲi.jaꜜ.(d)za.kʲi, -ja.(d)za.kʲi̥ꜜ.keɴ, -(d)zaꜜ.kʲi̥.keɴ]) is a prefecture of Japan located on the island of Kyūshū. Miyazaki Prefecture has a population of 1,028,215 as of 1 January 2025 and has a geographic area of 7,735 km2 (2,986 sq mi). Miyazaki Prefecture borders Ōita Prefecture to the north, Kumamoto Prefecture to the northwest, and Kagoshima Prefecture to the southwest.

Miyazaki is the capital and largest city of Miyazaki Prefecture, with other major cities including Miyakonojō, Nobeoka, and Hyūga. Miyazaki Prefecture is located in southeastern Kyūshū on Japan's Pacific coast, with its coastline extending from Nobeoka near the entrance to the Bungo Channel to Shibushi Bay in Kushima.

Bungo Channel
The Bungo Channel (豊後水道, Bungo-suidō) is a strait separating the Japanese islands of Kyushu and Shikoku. It connects the Philippine Sea and the Seto Inland Sea on the western end of Shikoku. The narrowest part of this channel is the Hōyo Strait.

In the English-speaking world, the Bungo Strait is most known as a setting in the 1958 World War II submarine film Run Silent, Run Deep, based upon the best-selling 1955 novel by then-Commander Edward L. Beach Jr.
Al-Tadamun Hadramaut
Al-Tadamun Hadhramaut SCSC is a professional football club from Mukalla, Hadhramaut Governorate, Yemen currently competing in the Yemeni League. Founded in 1959, Al-Tadamun is one of the oldest clubs in Yemen.

Hadhramaut Governorate
Hadhramaut Governorate (Arabic: محافظة حضرموت, romanized: Muḥāfaẓat Ḥaḍramawt) is a governorate of Yemen. Lying within the large historical region of Hadhramaut, it is the country's largest governorate. The capital of Hadhramaut is the city of Mukalla. Other cities in Hadhramaut include the historical towns of Shibam, Sena, Seiyun, Tarim, and Ash Shihr.

The Socotra Archipelago was transferred from the Aden Governorate to the Hadhramaut Governorate in 2004. It was subsequently separated to create Socotra Governorate in December 2013.
Bacterial nanowires
Bacterial nanowires (also known as microbial nanowires) are electrically conductive appendages produced by a number of bacteria most notably from the Geobacter and Shewanella genera. Conductive nanowires have also been reported in the oxygenic cyanobacterium Synechocystis PCC6803 and a thermophilic, methanogenic coculture consisting of Pelotomaculum thermopropionicum and Methanothermobacter thermoautotrophicus, but the identity of these proteins remains unknown. From physiological and functional perspectives, bacterial nanowires are diverse. The precise role microbial nanowires play in their biological systems has not been fully realized, but several proposed functions exist. Outside of a naturally occurring environment, bacterial nanowires have shown potential to be useful in several fields, notably the bioenergy and bioremediation industries.

Methanogenesis
Methanogenesis or biomethanation is the formation of methane coupled to energy conservation by microbes known as methanogens. It is the fourth and final stage of anaerobic digestion. Organisms capable of producing methane for energy conservation have been identified only from the domain Archaea, a group phylogenetically distinct from both eukaryotes and bacteria, although many live in close association with anaerobic bacteria. The production of methane is an important and widespread form of microbial metabolism. In anoxic environments, it is the final step in the decomposition of biomass.  Methanogenesis is responsible for significant amounts of natural gas accumulations, the remainder being thermogenic.
Esteban Paredes
Esteban Efraín Paredes Quintanilla (born 1 August 1980) is a Chilean former professional footballer who played as a forward.

Paredes is the first player to be five-time Primera División de Chile top goalscorer and has scored 286 league goals in his career, highlighting his 217–Primera División de Chile goals record which allowed him to be the all-time top goalscorer of Chilean first-tier tournaments history. On 5 October 2019, he achieved the record surpassing Francisco Valdés in a 3–2 win over Universidad de Chile in the Chilean Superclásico.

Chilean Superclásico
The Chilean Football Derby (El clásico del fútbol chileno) is a rivalry in Chilean football. It is contested between Colo-Colo and Universidad de Chile.

Colo-Colo is the most popular football club in Chile and though its supporters can be found in volumes through all socioeconomic strata, it has been traditionally linked to the working class. Sporting achievements since its foundation in 1925 and specially the death of its captain and founder David Arellano in 1927 gave Colo-Colo a huge fan base.

However, since the 60's, its once unrivaled supremacy has been put to test with the up-rise of Universidad de Chile and its long-remembered Ballet Azul team. Representing varsity values and the middle class, Universidad de Chile has seen an increase in its popularity, with who take pride in their fidelity, having endured long droughts without trophies and even relegation from the top tier.
Sergei Kirillov
Sergei Alekseevich Kirillov (Russian: Сергей Алексеевич Кириллов; born 1960) is a Russian artist, who focuses on historical paintings. His subjects have included Dmitry Mikhailovich Bobrok, Stepan Razin, Princess Olga, Ivan the Terrible, Saint Sergius of Radonezh, and Dmitry Donskoy.

Bobrok
Prince Dmitry Mikhailovich Bobrok Volynsky (Russian: Дмитрий Михайлович Боброк Волынский; died after 1389), also known simply as Bobrok (lit. 'little beaver'), was a Russian general, boyar, and the brother-in-law of Dmitry I of Moscow. His military prowess is glorified in the 15th-century Tale of the Rout of Mamai.
Portobello Institute
Portobello Institute is a private third level college delivering further and higher education specialising in Early Years, Sport, Facilities Management, Travel and Tourism and Business of Fashion.

It has a variety of programmes validated by a number of bodies including QQI, IWFM, London Metropolitan University and Liverpool John Moores University. Many of its courses are aimed at Higher Education such and BSc, MSc, BA and MA. They also offer professional training courses.

Commencing in 2014 Portobellos degree-level programmes in early childhood studies, sports and sports therapy have been validated by London Metropolitan University.

Founded in 1981 as Portobello School, in South Richmond Street, Dublin, specialising in beauty, health and care courses.

It is now located in Dominick St., Dublin, and many of its courses are available via blended learning. A graduation ceremony takes place each year; in the past few years it has taken place in Croke Park.

Quality and Qualifications Ireland
Quality and Qualifications Ireland (QQI; Irish: Dearbhú Cáilíochta agus Cáilíochtaí Éireann) is the national agency responsible for qualifications in Ireland. It was established by the  Oireachtas in 2012 following the amalgamation of the National Qualifications Authority of Ireland, the Further Education and Training Awards Council, the Higher Education and Training Awards Council and the Irish Universities Quality Board.

The agency is under the aegis of the Minister for Further and Higher Education, Research, Innovation and Science. It is a member of the European Association of Quality Assurance Agencies for Higher Education. QQI is a registered agency in the European Quality Assurance Register for Higher Education. It is the National Academic Recognition Information Centre to support the implementation of the Lisbon Convention and the National Contact Point for the Europass European Qualifications Framework.

Dr Padraig Walsh is chief executive officer.
Collins Building (Seattle)
The Collins Building or Collins Block is a brick building in Seattle, Washington, USA, constructed between 1893 and 1894 by John Collins.

Designed in the Richardsonian Romanesque style by Arthur Bishop Chamberlin, the five-story Collins Building is built on a hilly slope at the corner of Second Avenue and James Street. It is sited on land once occupied by John Collins' personal residence, which was destroyed in the Great Seattle Fire.

As of 2016, the building was owned by the Samis Foundation.

Richardsonian Romanesque
Richardsonian Romanesque is a style of Romanesque Revival architecture named after the American architect Henry Hobson Richardson (1838–1886). The revival style incorporates 11th- and 12th-century southern French, Spanish, and Italian Romanesque characteristics. Richardson first used elements of the style in his Richardson Olmsted Complex in Buffalo, New York, designed in 1870, and Trinity Church in Boston is his most well-known example of this medieval revival style. Multiple architects followed in this style in the late 19th century; Richardsonian Romanesque later influenced modern styles of architecture as well.
I Believe (Killswitch Engage song)
"I Believe" is a song by American metalcore band Killswitch Engage. It was released as the second single from their ninth album, This Consequence on January 23, 2025. The song was accompanied with an official music video on its release. It is the bands first song to reach the top ten on the U.S. Mainstream Rock chart peaking at number 4.

This Consequence
This Consequence is the ninth studio album by American metalcore band Killswitch Engage, released through Metal Blade Records on February 21, 2025. Its release followed nearly six years after their previous album, Atonement—the longest gap between studio albums in the band's career.
Beecher, Michigan
Beecher (or also, Beecher Metropolitan District) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Genesee County in the U.S. state of Michigan. It was first listed as a CDP in 2000. Per the 2020 census, the population was 8,840.

The CDP area is situated on the east side of Mount Morris Township where Interstate 475 turns westward between the cities of Flint and Mount Morris. The eastern one-third of the CDP is in the western part of Genesee Township.

The name "Beecher" is used for a number of institutions covering some part of the census-designated place: Beecher Community School District, Beecher Fire Department and Beecher Metropolitan Water and Sewer District.

Mount Morris, Michigan
Mount Morris is a city in Genesee County in the U.S. state of Michigan.  The population was 3,170 at the 2020 census. The city is bordered by Mount Morris Township on the west and Genesee Township on the east.  It was named after Mount Morris, New York, because many of the early settlers had come from there. It is part of the Flint metropolitan area.