hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rheintochter
Rheintochter was a German surface-to-air missile developed by Rheinmetall-Borsig during World War II. Its name comes from the mythical Rheintöchter (Rhinemaidens) of Richard Wagner's opera series Der Ring des Nibelungen.

The missile was a multi-stage solid fuelled rocket. It had four small varnished plywood control surfaces, resembling paddles, in the nose, six fins at the after end of the top stage, and four at the end of the main stage. It stood 6.3 m (20 ft 8 in) tall, with a diameter of 54 cm (1 ft 9 in). The sustainer motor, located ahead of the 136 kg (300 lb) warhead (rather than behind, as is more usual) exhausted through six venturis between the first stage fins.

Venturi effect
The Venturi effect is the reduction in fluid pressure that results when a moving fluid speeds up as it is funneled from one section of a pipe to another, smaller section. As the fluid flows into a smaller area, the fluid's velocity increases, while the static pressure decreases.

The Venturi effect is named after its discoverer, the Italian Physicist Giovanni Battista Venturi, and was first published in 1797.

The effect has various applications in Engineering, Architecture, and everyday objects such as Atomizers that disperse perfume or spray paint and Wine aerators. The reduction in pressure inside the constriction can be used both for measuring the fluid flow and for moving other fluids (e.g. in a vacuum ejector).
2023 BCL Americas Final
The 2023 BCL Americas Final was the final game of the 2022–23 BCL Americas, the 4th season of the league under its new entity and the 16th of the Pan-American premier basketball league organised by FIBA. It was played at the Ginásio Pedrocão in Franca on 15 April 2023. The game was played between Brazilian clubs Flamengo and Sesi Franca.

Franca won its tenth continental title and the first under the BCLA tournament. Lucas Mariano was the team's key player and won the league's MVP award.

Franca
Franca is a municipality in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The city is located in the northeastern portion of the state, 401 km (249 mi) from the state capital São Paulo, and 676 km (420 mi) from Brasilia. It covers a total area of 605.679 km2 of which 86.92 km2 comprises the urban area. As of the 2022 Census, the city's population was 352,537.

It is recognized as the "National Capital of Footwear" and "National Basketball Capital" in Brazil, serving as the industrial and economic hub for a region of 19 municipalities, with a combined population of 672,053, between the states of São Paulo and Minas Gerais.

In 2018, the city was ranked as the fifth best place to live in Brazil, and in 2023, as the sixth safest medium sized city in the country. It has also maintained its position as one of the Brazilian cities with the best urban sanitation ratios.

Franca was founded as a parish in 1805, initially part of Mogi Mirim until 1824. Its city status was granted in 1856.
Myongji University
Myongji University (Korean: 명지대학교) is a private, Christian university founded in 1948 in South Korea. It provides higher education in the fields of engineering, sciences and humanities. It has two campuses: the Social Science Campus is located in Seoul and the Natural Science Campus is in Yongin which is 35 kilometres (22 mi) south of the capital. It consists of 10 colleges, 42 departments, seven faculties and eight specialized postgraduate programs.

Myongji University has been a center for practical humanism over the past half century, and is operating various and practical globalization programs while having exchange with 150 universities in 22 countries.

NCT DoJaeJung
NCT DoJaeJung (Korean: 엔시티 도재정; RR: Ensiti Dojaejeong; stylized in all caps) is the fifth sub-unit of the South Korean boy band NCT, formed and managed by SM Entertainment. The group consists of three members: Doyoung, Jaehyun, and Jungwoo. They debuted on April 17, 2023, with their extended play (EP) Perfume. They are recognized for their R&B music and all-vocal performance, which distinguish them from the other sub-units within NCT.
Sloop-of-war
During the 18th and 19th centuries, a sloop-of-war was a warship of the Royal Navy with a single gun deck that carried up to 18 guns. The rating system of the Royal Navy covered all vessels with 20 or more guns; thus, the term encompassed all unrated warships, including gun-brigs and cutters. In technical terms, even the more specialised bomb vessels and fire ships were classed by the Royal Navy as sloops-of-war, and in practice these were employed in the role of a sloop-of-war when not carrying out their specialised functions.

In World War I and World War II, the Royal Navy reused the term "sloop" for specialised convoy-defence vessels, including the Flower class of the First World War and the highly successful Black Swan class of the Second World War, with anti-aircraft and anti-submarine capabilities. They performed similar duties to the destroyer escorts of the United States Navy, and also performed similar duties to the smaller corvettes of the Royal Navy.

Bermuda sloop
The Bermuda sloop is a historical type of fore-and-aft rigged single-masted sailing vessel developed on the islands of Bermuda in the 17th century. Such vessels originally had gaff rigs with quadrilateral sails, but evolved to use the Bermuda rig with triangular sails. Although the Bermuda sloop is often described as a development of the narrower-beamed Jamaica sloop, which dates from the 1670s, the high, raked masts and triangular sails of the Bermuda rig are rooted in a tradition of Bermudian boat design dating from the earliest decades of the 17th century. It is distinguished from other vessels with the triangular Bermuda rig, which may have multiple masts or may not have evolved in hull form from the traditional designs.
USS Active (1888)
USS Active was a tug constructed in 1888 at San Francisco by the Union Iron Works. The tug, first steel tug built on the West Coast, was launched 4 August 1888. She was acquired by the United States Navy from John D. Spreckels Brothers Co. on 18 April 1898 "for auxiliary purposes incident to a state of war." Converted for naval service at her builder's yard, she was commissioned at the Mare Island Navy Yard on 6 July 1898. She was the third US Navy ship to be named Active.

Mare Island Naval Shipyard
The Mare Island Naval Shipyard (MINSY or MINS) was the first United States Navy base established on the Pacific Ocean and was in service 142 years from 1854 to 1996. It is located on the peninsula of Mare Island, which is part of the city of Vallejo, on San Pablo Bay in the San Francisco Bay Area of California, 23 miles (37 km) northeast of San Francisco. MINSY made a name for itself as the premier U.S. West Coast submarine port as well as serving as the controlling force in San Francisco Bay Area shipbuilding efforts during World War II.

The naval base was closed on 31 March 1996, with more than 7,500 civilians on its payroll, and has gone through several redevelopment phases. It was registered as a California Historical Landmark in 1960, and parts of it were declared a National Historic Landmark District in 1975.
Digital Economy and Society Index
The Digital Economy and Society Index (DESI) monitors Europe's overall digital performance and tracks the progress of European Union (EU) countries regarding their digital competitiveness. On an annual basis, it monitors the performance of member states in digital connectivity, digital skills, online activity and digital public services in order to assess the state of digitalization of each member state as well as to identify areas requiring priority investment and action.

The 2022 DESI methodology encompasses four dimensions:

Human capital (internet user skills, advanced skills and development)

Connectivity (fixed and mobile broadband, broadband prices)

Integration of digital technology (digital intensity, digital technologies for business, e-commerce)

Digital public services (e-government)

Human capital
Human capital or human assets is a concept used by economists to designate personal attributes considered useful in the production process. It encompasses employee knowledge, skills, know-how, good health, and education. Human capital has a substantial impact on individual earnings. Research indicates that investments in human capital generate high economic returns throughout childhood and young adulthood.

Companies can invest in human capital; for example, through education and training, improving levels of quality and production.
Robert Daly Ormsby
Robert Daly Ormsby (1846–1927) was a British engineer and colonial administrator. He was the Director of Public Works of Hong Kong from 1897 to 1901.

During his service, he was a member of the committee headed by James Haldane Stewart Lockhart, Colonial Secretary and Registrar-General at the time to settle the newly acquired New Territories. He also led the construction of Tai Po Road starting in 1899, one of the first highways in the colony which connects Kowloon and the New Territories, as well as No. 7 Police Station. Ormsby Street in Tai Hang, Hong Kong Island is named after him. He was later appointed Director of Public Works of Ceylon.

Secretary for Development
The Secretary for Development of the Hong Kong Government is responsible for planning, land development and public works related development policy in Hong Kong.  The position was created in 2007 to replace portions of the previous portfolios of Secretary for the Environment, Transport and Works and Secretary for Housing, Planning and Lands.
No. 333 Squadron RNoAF
333 Squadron of the Royal Norwegian Air Force is a maritime patrol aircraft squadron. It traces its history, unbroken, to the establishment of No. 333 (Norwegian) Squadron Royal Air Force of the Second World War, formed in May 1943.

Maritime patrol aircraft
A maritime patrol aircraft (MPA), also known as a patrol aircraft, maritime reconnaissance aircraft, maritime surveillance aircraft, or by the older American term patrol bomber, is a fixed-wing aircraft designed to operate for long durations over water in maritime patrol roles — in particular anti-submarine warfare (ASW), anti-ship warfare (AShW), and search and rescue (SAR).

In addition to dedicated airframes, mid-size and large business jets have been modified for MPA missions, offering rapid deployment, extended range, long endurance, and lower life-cycle costs.

Among other maritime surveillance resources, such as satellites, ships, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and helicopters, the MPA is an important asset. To perform ASW operations, MPAs typically carry air-deployable sonar buoys as well as torpedoes and are usually capable of extended flight at low altitudes.
Tutura
The Tutura (Russian: Тутура) is a river in Irkutsk Oblast, Russia. It is a tributary of the Lena with a length of 222 kilometres (138 mi) and a drainage basin area of 7,300 square kilometres (2,800 sq mi).

The settlement of Chikan is located by the Tutura, near the confluence with the Chikan river, its main tributary. Other inhabited places near the river are Tutura and Kelora. The Tutura basin is one of the areas of Russia traditionally inhabited by Evenks.

Evenki people
The Evenki, or Tungusy, are a Tungusic people of North Asia. In Russia, the Evenki are recognised as one of the Indigenous peoples of the Russian North, with a population of 38,396 (2010 census). In China, the Evenki form one of the 56 ethnic groups officially recognised by the People's Republic of China, with a population of 34,617 (2020 census). There are 537 Evenki in The Country of Mongolia (2015 census), called Khamnigan in the Mongolian language.
Who Do I Choose?
Who Do I Choose? (Japanese: どっちにするの。, Hepburn: Dotchi-ni suru-no) is a 1989 Japanese film directed by Shūsuke Kaneko. It was released by Toho on August 26, 1989, in Japan. For her role in the film, actress Rie Miyazawa won the Nikkan Sports Film Award for Best New Talent. Cinematographer Kenji Takama won a Yokohama Film Festival award for his work in this film.

Yokohama Film Festival
The Yokohama Film Festival (ヨコハマ映画祭, Yokohama eigasai) is an annual awards ceremony held in Yokohama, Japan. Ten films are chosen as the best of the year, and various awards are given to personnel. The first festival, held on February 3, 1980, was a small affair by fans and film critics. In 1994, France announced plans to help sponsor the festival with grants from the National Cinema Center.
Richard Acland (bishop)
Richard Dyke Acland (3 October 1881 – 4 January 1954) was a British soldier and, later, an Anglican bishop.

He was the son of the Reverend Henry Dyke Acland, grandson of Sir Thomas Dyke Acland, 10th Baronet, and his wife Adelaide Clementina Hart Davis, daughter of Richard Vaughan Davis. Dyke Acland was educated at Bedford School and at Keble College, Oxford and graduated with a Master of Arts. He served in the 1st Volunteer Battalion, Oxfordshire Light Infantry and reached the rank of captain.

In 1905, Acland was appointed curate of St Mary, Slough and held this post until 1911.
 He became a missionary for the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in the following year in Ahmednagar, India. He was the society's secretary between 1925 and 1929, and served as Bishop of Bombay until 1947. In the latter year, he was decorated with the Kaisar-i-Hind Gold Medal. In 1948, he returned to England and was then assistant to the Bishop of Bath and Wells until his death in 1954.

Bedford School
Bedford School is a 7–18 boys public school in the county town of Bedford in England. Founded in 1552, it is the oldest of four independent schools in Bedford run by the Harpur Trust. Bedford School is one of the oldest boys' schools in the United Kingdom, and was the winner of the Independent Boys School of the Year Award at the Independent Schools of the Year Awards in 2021.

Bedford School is composed of the Preparatory School (ages 7 to 13) and the Upper School (ages 13 to 18). There are around 1,100 pupils, of whom approximately one half are boarders. In 2014, James Hodgson succeeded John Moule as headmaster after Moule moved on to Radley College.
Traction (agency)
Traction is an interactive advertising agency based in San Francisco. In 2014, they were named Independent Agency of the Year in the iMedia Agency Awards. Their clients include Alibaba.com, Adobe Systems, Bank of America, Cabot Creamery, California Bank & Trust, Camelbak, Intuit, Intel, Kelly-Moore Paints, Livescribe, Meebo, Robert Half International, Salesforce.com, SAP, and Shutterfly, Walmart, ZoneAlarm.

Kelly-Moore Paints
Kelly-Moore Paints was an American paint manufacturing company. Founded in 1946 by William Kelly and William Moore in San Carlos, California, it moved its headquarters from there to Irving, Texas, in 2023. Its manufacturing plant was located in Hurst, Texas.

At its height, the company was one of America’s largest independent paint companies. As of October 2022, when it was acquired by investment firm Flacks Group, Kelly-Moore had 157 stores located in California, Texas, Oklahoma, and Nevada.

In January 2024, the company announced that it would close all of its stores and cease operating, other than to fill existing orders from its distribution facility.
Adnan Hussein
Adnan Hussein (born 27 February 1954) is a Lebanese political scientist, academic and politician who served as minister of state for social affairs in the cabinet led by Prime Minister Saad Hariri. He is a close ally of former Lebanese President Michel Suleiman.

President of Lebanon
The president of the Lebanese Republic (Arabic: رئيس الجمهورية اللبنانية, romanized: Ra’īs al-Jumhūriyyah al-Lubnāniyyah) is the head of state of Lebanon. The president is elected by the parliament for a term of six years, which cannot be renewed immediately because they can only be renewed non-consecutively. By convention, the president is always a Maronite Christian who fulfills the same requirements as a candidate for the house of representatives, as per article 49 of the Lebanese constitution.

The current holder is Joseph Aoun, who took office on 9 January 2025.
Oued Siliana
El Oued Siliana is a river of Tunisia in the region arising from Maktar, which runs north and drains into the river Medjerda about 5 km west of Testour.

On his way to collect the rainy season, water numerous wadis that are dry much of the year. Its course is about 120 km. the average rainfall is 455 mm / year between September and January grew between 15 and 11 percent. The city's main course is still Gaâfour and Siliana. The course begins wadis are controlled by the dam of El Akhmim; above of Siliana Siliana and the reservoir; and on the left side near the mouth is the Sidi Salem Reservoir. The river crosses between different altitude regions clothes Yahia OLED 584 meters and 1347 meters in Jebel Serj an average difference of 400 meters and different rainfall (a difference of 150 mm / year).

Siliana
Siliana (Tunisian Arabic: سليانة Siliānaⓘ) is a modern farming town in northern Tunisia. It is located at around 36°4′55″N 9°22′29″E﻿ / ﻿36.08194°N 9.37472°E﻿ / 36.08194; 9.37472, 130 km south-west of the capital Tunis. It is the capital of the Siliana Governorate. It is located 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) away from Jama where the Battle of Zama occurred.

Siliana Dam is located 10 km north of the city of Siliana.
Waterhouse Island (Antarctica)
Waterhouse Island is an island in Prydz Bay on the Ingrid Christensen Coast of Princess Elizabeth Land, Antarctica. It lies just SSW of Lugg Island, and about 3.5 km NNW of Australia's Davis Station on Broad Peninsula in the Vestfold Hills. It was named after R.S. Waterhouse, a Medical Officer at Davis in 1971.

Princess Elizabeth Land
Princess Elizabeth Land is the sector of Antarctica between longitude 73° east and Cape Penck (at 87°43' east). The sector is claimed by Australia as part of the Australian Antarctic Territory, although this claim is not widely recognised.
Kevin Foley (South Australian politician)
Kevin Owen Foley  is a former South Australian politician who served as 11th Deputy Premier of South Australia and the Treasurer of South Australia in the Rann government from 2002 to 2011 for the South Australian Branch of the Australian Labor Party. He is the longest-serving deputy premier and the third longest-serving treasurer in South Australian history.

2002 South Australian state election
State elections were held in South Australia on 9 February 2002. All 47 seats in the South Australian House of Assembly were up for election, along with half of the 22 seats in the South Australian Legislative Council. The incumbent Liberal Party of Australia led by Premier of South Australia Rob Kerin was defeated by the Australian Labor Party led by Leader of the Opposition Mike Rann. The Labor Party won 23 out of 47 seats, and then secured the one more seat it needed for a majority by gaining the support of independent Peter Lewis.
Pod Pajštúnom
Pod Pajštúnom is a nature reserve in the Slovak municipalities of Stupava and Borinka in the Malacky District. The nature reserve covers an area of 141 hectares (350 acres) of forests in the Little Carpathians. It has a protection level of 5 under the Slovak nature protection system. The nature reserve is part of the Little Carpathians Protected Landscape Area.

Borinka
Borinka (Hungarian: Pozsonyborostyánkő) is a village and municipality in western Slovakia in Malacky District in the Bratislava Region, at the foothills of the Little Carpathians, best known for the Pajštún Castle, and has many weekend homes (Slovak: chata). Dračí hrádok are another castle ruins located in its vicinity. The village is around 5 km east of Stupava and around 15 km north of Bratislava.
Austin H. and Frankie A. Dwight Summer House
The Austin H. and Frankie A. Dwight Summer House, also known as the Bay Pointe Restaurant, was a building constructed as a private summer home, located  on Gun Lake at 11456 Marsh Road in Shelbyville, Michigan.  It was designated a Michigan State Historic Site in 1982 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.  The building was later used as a restaurant, and was demolished in 2004.

Gun Lake (Michigan)
Gun Lake is a lake in the U.S. state of Michigan, located mostly in Barry County with the southwestern tip extending into Allegan County. Along most of the lake are numerous summer homes, cottages, and permanent residences. The Yankee Springs Recreation Area is based on northeastern portions of the lake. Gun Lake is the location of a State Park with a boat launch, two beaches, a campground, and picnic areas.
Adrian Aymes
Adrian Nigel Aymes (born 4 June 1964), known as Adi Aymes, was a first-class cricketer for Hampshire County Cricket Club, where he was a right-handed batsman and wicket-keeper for fifteen years, winning the Natwest Trophy in 1991. His interest in both football and cricket saw him play the former in his youth, making appearances for Bristol Rovers reserves and becoming assistant-manager of Lymington Town before becoming a full-time cricketer aged 24.

On retiring from first-class cricket, he returned to football, becoming joint manager of Fleet Town. He is the fitness coach and general manager of Havant and Waterlooville.

Lymington Town F.C.
Lymington Town Football Club is a football club based in the coastal town of Lymington,  Hampshire, England. Known as "The Linnets", they are currently members of the Wessex League Division One and play at the Sports Ground.
William Des Vœux
Sir George William Des Vœux GCMG (22 September 1834 – 15 December 1909) was a British colonial administrator who served as governor of Fiji (1880–1885), Newfoundland (1886–1887), and Hong Kong (1887–1891).

Colony of Fiji
The Colony of Fiji was a Crown colony that existed from 1874 to 1970 in the territory of the present-day nation of Fiji. London declined its first opportunity to annex Fiji in 1852. Ratu Seru Epenisa Cakobau had offered to cede the islands, subject to being allowed to retain his Tui Viti (King of Fiji) title. His demand was unacceptable to both the British and to many of his fellow chiefs, who regarded him only as first among equals, if that. Mounting debts and threats from the United States Navy had led Cakobau to establish a constitutional monarchy with a government dominated by European settlers in 1871, following an agreement with the Australian Polynesia Company to pay his debts. The collapse of the new regime drove him to make another offer of cession in 1872, which the British accepted. On 10 October 1874, Britain began its rule of Fiji, which lasted until 10 October 1970.
Jack A. Patterson
Jack Albie Patterson (March 16, 1890 – November 18, 1971) was a North Dakota Republican Party politician who served as the 19th lieutenant governor of North Dakota from 1939 to 1941 serving under Governor John Moses. Patterson also served in the North Dakota House from 1933 to 1934.Patterson also served as the Mayor of Minot from 1932 to 1938. Patterson was originally from Illinois and came to Minot, North Dakota as a railroad telegrapher after serving overseas in World War I. He later retired to Arizona, where he died in 1971.

John Moses (North Dakota politician)
John Moses (June 12, 1885 – March 3, 1945) was the 22nd governor of North Dakota from 1939 to 1945, and served in the United States Senate in 1945 until his death that year. Excluding those appointed to fill brief vacancies, and those not seated at the beginning of their lawful terms, Moses is the shortest-serving U.S. senator ever, in office for just 59 days.