hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Babar Naeem
Babar Naeem (born 1 January 1983) is a Pakistani former cricketer who played first-class cricket for Rawalpindi from 1999–2000 to 2015–16.

His highest score was 227, which he made in the second innings against Lahore Blues in 2001–02, after scoring 62 in the first innings. He captained Attock Group in 2006–07, and captained Rawalpindi from 2010–11 to 2015–16. He led Rawalpindi to victory in the final of the Quaid-e-Azam Trophy in 2013–14.

Quaid-e-Azam Trophy
The Quaid-e-Azam Trophy is a domestic first-class cricket competition in Pakistan. With few exceptions, it has been staged annually since it was first played during the 1953–54 season. Domestic cricket in Pakistan has undergone many reorganisations, with the number of teams and matches in the Quaid-e-Azam Trophy changing regularly. It has been variously contested by associations or departments, or a combination of the two. Since 2019 it has been contested by regional teams only.
1964–65 Gold Cup
The 1964–65 Gold Cup was the 46th edition of the Gold Cup, a cup competition in Northern Irish football.

The tournament was won by Derry City for the 1st time, defeating Crusaders 5–2 in the final at Windsor Park.

People of Northern Ireland
People from Northern Ireland are those born in Northern Ireland who, at the time of their birth, have at least one parent who is a British citizen, an Irish citizen, or otherwise entitled to reside in Northern Ireland indefinitely under the Belfast Agreement.

Most Northern Irish people either identify as British, Northern Irish, Irish, or a combination thereof. The 20th century conflict known as The Troubles, which ended in effect in 1999, was primarily caused by tensions between people who had these different identites, and their connections to religion (Anglican protestants and Catholics).
Ultra-high-temperature processing
Ultra-high temperature processing (UHT), ultra-heat treatment, or ultra-pasteurization is a food processing technology that sterilizes liquid food by heating it above 140 °C (284 °F) – the temperature required to kill bacterial endospores – for two to five seconds. UHT is most commonly used in milk production, but the process is also used for fruit juices, cream, soy milk, yogurt, wine, soups, honey, and stews. UHT milk was first developed in the 1960s and became generally available for consumption in the 1970s.
The heat used during the UHT process can cause Maillard browning and change the taste and smell of dairy products. An alternative process is flash pasteurization, in which the milk is heated to 72 °C (162 °F) for at least fifteen seconds.

UHT milk packaged in a sterile container has a typical unrefrigerated shelf life of six to nine months. In contrast, flash-pasteurized milk has a shelf life of about two weeks from processing, or about one week from being put on sale.

Thiol
In organic chemistry, a thiol (/ˈθaɪɒl/; from Ancient Greek  θεῖον (theion) 'sulfur'), or thiol derivative, is any organosulfur compound of the form R−SH, where R represents an alkyl or other organic substituent. The −SH functional group itself is referred to as either a thiol group or a sulfhydryl group, or a sulfanyl group. Thiols are the sulfur analogue of alcohols (that is, sulfur takes the place of oxygen in the hydroxyl (−OH) group of an alcohol), and the word is a blend of "thio-" with "alcohol".

Many thiols have strong odors resembling that of garlic, cabbage or rotten eggs. Thiols are used as odorants to assist in the detection of natural gas (which in pure form is odorless). The smell of natural gas is due to the addition of thiol.
Voepass Flight 2283
Voepass Flight 2283 was a scheduled domestic Brazilian passenger flight from Cascavel to Guarulhos. On 9 August 2024, the ATR 72-500 serving the flight crashed in Vinhedo, São Paulo State. The aircraft was flying at an altitude of 17,000 ft (5,200 m) prior to stalling and entering a flat spin with a rapid descent at around 13:21 BRT.

All 62 people on board died. The crash was the deadliest aviation accident in Brazil since TAM Airlines Flight 3054 in July 2007. The Brazilian Aeronautical Accidents Investigation and Prevention Center (CENIPA) launched an investigation following the crash. Aviation experts speculated that ice buildup could have been a factor. Both flight recorders were recovered and analyzed by CENIPA, who issued a preliminary report confirming the pilots faced difficulties with icing buildup and de-icing attempts.

Brazilian Air Force
The Brazilian Air Force (Portuguese: Força Aérea Brasileira, FAB) is the aerial branch of the Brazilian Armed Forces, and one of the three national uniformed services.  The FAB was formed when the Brazilian Army and Navy air branches were merged into a single military force, which was initially called the "National Air Forces" when it was created in 1941. Both air branches transferred all their aeronautical equipment, relevant installations, and relevant personnel to the newly created force.

According to Flight International (Flightglobal.com) and the International Institute for Strategic Studies, the Brazilian Air Force has an active strength of 80,937 military personnel and operates around 578 aircraft. The Brazilian Air Force is the largest air force in the Southern Hemisphere.
Np-chart
In statistical quality control, the np-chart is a type of control chart used to monitor the number of nonconforming units in a sample.  It is an adaptation of the p-chart and used in situations where personnel find it easier to interpret process performance in terms of concrete numbers of units rather than the somewhat more abstract proportion.

The np-chart differs from the p-chart in only the three following aspects:

The control limits are , where n is the sample size and  is the estimate of the long-term process mean established during control-chart setup.

The number nonconforming (np), rather than the fraction nonconforming (p), is plotted against the control limits.

The sample size, , is constant.

Nonconformity (quality)
In quality management, a nonconformity (sometimes referred to as a non conformance or nonconformance or defect) is a deviation from a specification, a standard, or an expectation. Nonconformities or nonconformance can be classified in seriousness multiple ways, though a typical classification scheme may have three to four levels, including critical, serious, major, and minor.

While some situations allow "nonconformity" and "defect" to be used synonymously, some industries distinguish between the two; a nonconformity represents a failure to meet an intended state and specification, while a defect represents a failure to meet fitness for use/normal usage requirements. This can be seen in the international software engineering standard ISO/IEC 25010 (formerly ISO/IEC 9126), which defines a nonconformity as the nonfulfillment of a requirement and a defect as the nonfulfillment of intended usage requirements.
Tor Øivind Ødegård
Tor Øivind Ødegård (born 28 February 1969) is a retired Norwegian middle distance runner who specialized in the 800 metres. He represented Fredrikstad IF and IF Minerva.

He finished fourth at the 1995 IAAF World Indoor Championships. He also competed at the World Championships in 1997 and 1999 without reaching the finals. He became Norwegian champion in 1991 and 1994.

His personal best time is 1:45.42 minutes, achieved in August 1997 in Athens. This places him third among Norwegian 800 m runners, only behind Vebjørn Rodal and Atle Douglas.

1995 IAAF World Indoor Championships
The 5th IAAF World Indoor Championships in Athletics were held at the Palau Sant Jordi in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain from 10 March to 12 March 1995. Almost 600 athletes from 131 nations participated in 27 events.
15th PMPC Star Awards for Television
The PMPC Star Awards for TV annually recognizes outstanding television programs in the Philippines. GMA won 49 awards, ABS-CBN won 16, RPN 9 won two and IBC 13 won only one.

The winnersare listed below.

DZKB-TV
DZKB-TV (channel 9) is a television station in Metro Manila, Philippines, serving as the flagship of the RPTV network. It is owned by Radio Philippines Network, which is controlled by parent company Nine Media Corporation;  TV5 Network, Inc., which owns TV5 flagship DWET-TV (channel 5), operates the station under an airtime lease agreement. Both stations, alongside True FM 105.9 share studios at the TV5 Media Center, Reliance cor. Sheridan Sts., Mandaluyong (which also serves as the network's broadcast facility).

DZKB-TV maintains a relay facility at the Upper Ground Floor, Worldwide Corporate Center, Shaw Boulevard corner EDSA, Mandaluyong; its analog transmitter is at the RPN Compound, #97 Panay Avenue, Brgy. South Triangle, Quezon City; and its digital transmitter is located at Crestview Heights Subdivision, Brgy. San Roque, Antipolo, Rizal, on a tower site formerly owned by Progressive Broadcasting Corporation.
Emanuela Brusati
Emanuela Brusati (born 19 April 1973) is an Italian former professional tennis player.

Brusati competed on the professional tour in the 1990s, reaching a top singles ranking of 274 in the world. She made the second round at a WTA Tour tournament in Hong Kong in 1993 and featured in the qualifying draw for the 1994 Wimbledon Championships.

1994 Wimbledon Championships
The 1994 Wimbledon Championships was a tennis tournament played on grass courts at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon, London in the United Kingdom. It was the 108th edition of the Wimbledon Championships and were held from 20 June to 3 July 1994.
Paul Robeson High School
Paul Robeson High School can refer to:

Paul Robeson High School (Illinois), school in Chicago, USA

Paul Robeson High School for Business and Technology, school in New York City, USA

Paul Robeson High School for Human Services, school in Philadelphia, USA

Paul Robeson High School (Chicago)
Paul Robeson High School was a public four-year high school located in the Englewood neighborhood on the south side of Chicago, Illinois, United States. Opened in September 1977, Robeson was a part of the Chicago Public Schools district. The school was named in honor of African-American entertainer and athlete Paul Robeson. After years of declining enrollment and low academic performance, the school closed after the 2017–2018 school year and was later demolished in September 2018.
Hodthorpe and Belph
Hodthorpe and Belph is a civil parish within the Bolsover district, of the county of Derbyshire, England. The parish includes the village of Hodthorpe and the hamlet of Belph. In 2011 the parish had a population of 663. It is 132 miles north west of London, 27 miles north east of the county city of Derby, and 5 miles north east of the market town of Bolsover. The parish touches Welbeck, Whitwell, Elmton with Creswell and Holbeck, and is the easternmost in Derbyshire. There is one listed building in Hodthorpe and Belph.

Welbeck
Welbeck is a village and former civil parish (now in the parish of Norton, Cuckney, Holbeck and Welbeck) within the Welbeck local voting ward of Bassetlaw District Council, in Nottinghamshire, England. It is slightly to the south-west of Worksop. In 2001 the parish had a population of 31.

Welbeck has a famous stately home, Welbeck Abbey, home of the Dukes of Portland, and which was founded in the twelfth century as a monastery.

The cricketer Ted Alletson, who held a batting world record for 50 years, is from Welbeck.

Archduke Franz Ferdinand accepted an invitation from the Duke of Portland to stay at Welbeck Abbey and arrived with his wife, Sophie, by train at Worksop on 22 November 1913. This was almost a year before his assassination, which triggered the First World War. The Archduke narrowly avoided being killed in a freak hunting accident during his stay.
Oleg Botsiev
Oleg Botsiev is the current ambassador of South Ossetia to Abkhazia. He was appointed to the position by President Leonid Tibilov on 15 April 2013. On 19 August, Botsiev presented his credentials to Abkhazian Foreign Minister Viacheslav Chirikba, and on 20 August, to President Alexander Ankvab. Previously, Botsiev had been the Minister for Labour and Social Security of Abkhazia from December 1999 onwards, and Chief of the Cabinet Staff from 8 May 2003 until in 2005 Vladislav Ardzinba was succeeded by Sergei Bagapsh as President of Abkhazia.

Botsiev was born on 26 March 1954 in Tkvarcheli.

President of Abkhazia
The president of Abkhazia is the de facto head of state and head of government of the partially recognized Republic of Abkhazia, that is de jure part of Georgia. The position was created in 1994. Before the office of president was created the head of state position was known as the chairman of Parliament between 1992 and the creation of the 1994 constitution. Before the position of Chairman of Parliament, the highest office in Abkhazia was the chairman of the Supreme Soviet. The post would last from the declaration of sovereignty from the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic on 25 August 1990 until the outright declaration of independence on 23 July 1992.
1934 Birthday Honours
The King's Birthday Honours 1934 were appointments in many of the Commonwealth realms of King George V to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by citizens of those countries. The appointments were made to celebrate the official birthday of The King. They were published on 4 June 1934.

The recipients of honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour, and arranged by honour, with classes (Knight, Knight Grand Cross, etc.) and then divisions (Military, Civil, etc.) as appropriate.

Royal Corps of Signals
The Royal Corps of Signals (often simply known as the Royal Signals – abbreviated to R SIGNALS) is one of the combat support arms of the British Army. Signals units are among the first into action, providing the battlefield communications and information systems essential to all operations. Royal Signals units provide the full telecommunications infrastructure for the Army wherever they operate in the world. The Corps has its own engineers, logistics experts and systems operators to run radio and area networks in the field. It is responsible for installing, maintaining and operating all types of telecommunications equipment and information systems, providing command support to commanders and their headquarters, and conducting electronic warfare against enemy communications.
Kuyashkino
Kuyashkino (Russian: Куяшкино; Bashkir: Ҡуяш, Quyaş) is a rural locality (a village) in Sakhayevsky Selsoviet, Karmaskalinsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 78 as of 2010. There are 4 streets.

Karmaskalinsky District
Karmaskalinsky District (Russian: Кармаскали́нский райо́н; Bashkir: Ҡырмыҫҡалы районы, Qırmıśqalı rayonı) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the center of the republic and borders with Ufimsky and Iglinsky Districts in the north, Arkhangelsky District in the east, Gafuriysky District in the southeast, Aurgazinsky District in the south, Davlekanovsky District in the southwest, and with Chishminsky District in the west. The area of the district is 1,750 square kilometers (680 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Karmaskaly. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 51,504, with the population of Karmaskaly accounting for 16.6% of that number.
Lantern Museum
The Lantern Museum (Basque: Farolen museoa, Spanish: Museo de los Faroles) is located in Vitoria-Gasteiz, Álava, Basque Country, Spain. It houses the lanterns used in the Rosary of the Lanterns procession, celebrated every 4th of August during the Virgen Blanca Festivities.

Lantern
A lantern is a source of lighting, often portable. It typically features a protective enclosure for the light source – historically usually a candle, a wick in oil, or a heated mesh, and often a battery-powered light in modern times – to make it easier to carry and hang up, and make it more reliable outdoors or in drafty interiors. Lanterns may also be used for signaling, as torches, or as general light-sources outdoors.
Nuix
Nuix Ltd is an Australian technology company that produces investigative analytics and intelligence software for extracting knowledge from unstructured data. The applications of the company's technology reportedly include digital forensics, financial crime, insider investigations, data privacy, data governance, eDiscovery and regulatory compliance. As of December 2020, the company's software was reportedly used by 1000 customers in 79 countries. The company has its headquarters in Sydney, Australia, with offices in Asia, Europe, the Middle East and North America.

Insider threat
An insider threat is a perceived threat to an organization that comes from people within the organization, such as employees, former employees, contractors or business associates, who have inside information concerning the organization's security practices, data and computer systems. The threat may involve fraud, the theft of confidential or commercially valuable information, the theft of intellectual property, or the sabotage of computer systems.
Over a Cliff
"Over a Cliff" is the series finale of the American political drama television series Scandal. It premiered in the United States on April 19, 2018 on ABC. The eighteenth episode of the seventh season and the 124th episode overall, it was directed by Tom Verica and written by showrunner Shonda Rhimes. According to Nielsen Media Research, it was watched by 5.46 million Americans, acquiring a 1.3/5 rating/share in the 18–49 age range demographic.

Kerry Washington stars as female lead Olivia Pope, who convinces her colleagues to confess every crime they committed, including the existence of the top secret organization B613. Quinn Perkins (Katie Lowes) is helped by her friends to make an improvised marriage with Charlie (George Newbern), while various other story lines begin to settle down.

Showrunner
A showrunner is the top-level executive producer of a television series. The position outranks other creative and management personnel, including episode directors, in contrast to feature films, in which the director has creative control over the production, and the executive producer's role is limited to investing. In scripted comedy and drama TV shows, the showrunner also usually serves as the head writer (or its most prolific writer). The role of a showrunner is not present on all television series, especially outside the United States; this article describes the nature of the role where it is present.
Juke joint
Juke joint (also jukejoint, jook house, jook, or juke) is the African-American vernacular term for an informal establishment featuring music, dancing, gambling, and drinking, primarily operated by African Americans in the southeastern United States. A juke joint may also be called a "barrelhouse". Juke joints were the first secular cultural arenas to emerge among African-American freedmen.

Classic juke joints, found for example at rural crossroads, catered to the rural work force that began to emerge after emancipation. Plantation workers and sharecroppers needed a place to relax and socialize following a hard week, particularly since they were barred from most white establishments by Jim Crow laws.

Set up on the outskirts of town, often in ramshackle, abandoned buildings or private houses, juke joints offered food, drink, dancing, and gambling for weary workers. Owners made extra money selling groceries or moonshine to patrons, or providing cheap room and board.

Freedman
A freedman or freedwoman is a person who has been released from slavery, usually by legal means. Historically, slaves freed themselves (runaways or maroons) through escape, self-purchase, or rebellion; or were freed through manumission (granted freedom by their owners), emancipation (granted freedom as part of a larger group), or abolition (the outlawing of slavery in general).
Vladimir Plungian
Vladimir Plungian (Russian: Влади́мир Алекса́ндрович Плунгя́н; born September 13, 1960) is a Russian linguist, specialist in linguistic typology and theory of grammar, morphology, corpus linguistics, African studies, poetics.

Vladimir Plungian is a Doctor of Philology (1998), full member of the Russian Academy of Sciences (2016, corresponding member since 2009), member of Academia Europaea (2017). He has worked at the Institute of Linguistics of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Russian Language Institute. He is also Professor at the Moscow State University.

African studies
African studies is the study of Africa, especially the continent's cultures and societies (as opposed to its geology, geography, zoology, etc.). The field includes the study of Africa's history (pre-colonial, colonial, post-colonial), demography (ethnic groups), culture, politics, economy, languages, and religion (Islam, Christianity, traditional religions). A specialist in African studies is often referred to as an "Africanist".

Africanists argue that there is a need to "deexoticize" Africa and banalise it, rather than understand Africa as exceptionalized and exoticized. African scholars, in recent times, have focused on decolonizing African studies, and reconfiguring it to reflect the African experience through an African lens.
Balvanyos
Balvanyos (Hungarian: Bálványos) is a spa resort in Covasna County, in the east of Transylvania, central Romania. It lies at an altitude 840–950 m on the southern slopes of the Bodoc Mountains, some 67 km from Sfântu Gheorghe, the county's seat. The spa is located close to the ruins of the 11th century Balvanyos Citadel (Romanian: Cetatea Balvanyos, Hungarian: Bálványosvár).

The spa is one of several hydrothermal and volcanic features of the region. It lies 10 km from the Lake Sfânta Ana, which is unique in this part of Europe. A geological feature locally known as "The Birds' Cemetery" – precipice with hydrogen sulphide emanation – is also located nearby.

The spa has been known for its health properties for centuries, but has only been commercially exploited as a spa since the building in 1938 of Grand Hotel Balvanyos, a 4 star hotel.

Covasna County
Covasna County (Romanian pronunciation: [koˈvasna] ⓘ, Hungarian: Kovászna megye, Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈkovaːsnɒ]) is a county (județ) of Romania, in eastern Transylvania, with the county seat at Sfântu Gheorghe.
Vaudeloges
Vaudeloges (French pronunciation: [vodlɔʒ] ⓘ) is a former commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region in northwestern France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the new commune Saint-Pierre-en-Auge.

Calvados (department)
Calvados (UK: /ˈkælvədɒs/, US: /-doʊs, ˌkælvəˈdoʊs, ˌkɑːlvəˈ-/; French: [kalvados] ⓘ) is a department in the Normandy region in northwestern France. It takes its name from a cluster of rocks off the Normandy coast. In 2019, it had a population of 694,905.