hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lord Thomas Cecil
Lord Thomas Cecil (1797–1873) was a British peer and member of Parliament for Stamford from 1818 to 1832.

Cecil was the youngest of the three sons of Henry Cecil, 1st Marquess of Exeter, by his second wife Sarah. He was educated at Eton and  St John's College, Cambridge, graduating in 1815.

He married, on 8 August 1838, Lady Sophia Lennox, daughter of Charles Lennox, 4th Duke of Richmond, but they had no children. He died on 29 November 1873.

Stamford (UK Parliament constituency)
Stamford was a constituency in the county of Lincolnshire of the House of Commons for the Parliament of England to 1706 then of the Parliament of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800 and of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1918. It was represented by two Members of Parliament until 1868 when this was reduced to one.
2005 East–West Shrine Game
The 2005 East–West Shrine Game was the 80th staging of the all-star college football exhibition game featuring NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision players. The game featured over 80 players from the 2004 college football season, and prospects for the 2005 draft of the professional National Football League (NFL). In the week prior to the game, scouts from all 32 NFL teams attended. The proceeds from the East–West Shrine Game benefit Shriners Hospitals for Children.

The game was played on January 15, 2005, at 11 a.m. PT at SBC Park in San Francisco, and was televised by ESPN. This was the last Shrine Game played in California.

The offensive MVP was Stefan LeFors (QB, Louisville), while the defensive MVP was Alex Green (S, Duke). The inaugural Pat Tillman Award was presented to Morgan Scalley (S, Utah); the award "is presented to a player who best exemplifies character, intelligence, sportsmanship and service".

Louisville Cardinals football
The Louisville Cardinals football team represents the University of Louisville in the sport of American football. The Cardinals compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and compete in the Atlantic Coast Conference.
Beavercreek High School
Beavercreek High School is a public high school in Beavercreek, Ohio. The high school is part of Beavercreek City School District. The high school has an enrollment of more than 2,300 students. The high school campus consists of Ferguson Hall, a free-standing building that houses the ninth-grade students, and the main building, which accommodates the remaining grades (10–12). The principal is Dale Wren for the 2024–2025 school year and the school's mascot is the Battling Beaver.

Beavercreek High School offers eleven Advanced Placement (AP) classes to students, in addition to many Honors and Scholarship courses which award additional points to the compiled grade point average (GPA) of each student.

National Science Bowl
The National Science Bowl (NSB) is a high school and middle school science knowledge competition, using a quiz bowl format, held in the United States. A buzzer system similar to those seen on popular television game shows is used to signal an answer. The competition has been organized and sponsored by the United States Department of Energy since its inception in 1991.
Cayamant
Cayamant is a municipality in La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau Regional County Municipality, Quebec, Canada. The village of Lac-Cayamant is located at the north end of Lake Cayamant, west of Gracefield.

It was formerly known as the Township Municipality of Dorion, named after Antoine-Aimé Dorion (1818-1891). It was renamed to the Municipality of Cayamant at the end of 1988, due to many problems created by having the identical name to that of the city of Dorion (which merged with neighbouring Vaudreuil in 1994). The new name refers to the largest lake in its territory, Lake Cayamant. The Algonquin term Kakgama, Kandikagamaw, or Kandikagama means "porcupine". Alternatively, it may come from Kantuagama, which means lake with a large bay.

The village has a primary school, a church, and some convenience stores, restaurants and some basic commerce. Most of the population lives near the lake. The most populated street is "Rue Principale" (Main Street).

Vaudreuil-Dorion
Vaudreuil-Dorion (French pronunciation: [vodʁœj dɔʁjɔ̃]) is a suburb of Greater Montreal, in the Montérégie region of southwestern Quebec, Canada. The result of the merger of two towns, Vaudreuil and Dorion, it is located in the Vaudreuil-Soulanges Regional County Municipality.
Leontief utilities
In economics, especially in consumer theory, a Leontief utility function is a function of the form:

where:

is the number of different goods in the economy.

(for ) is the amount of good  in the bundle.

(for ) is the weight of good  for the consumer.

This form of utility function was first conceptualized by Wassily Leontief.

NP-hardness
In computational complexity theory, a computational problem H is called NP-hard if, for  every problem L which can be solved in non-deterministic polynomial-time, there is a polynomial-time reduction from L to H. That is, assuming a solution for H takes 1 unit time, H's solution can be used to solve L in polynomial time. As a consequence, finding a polynomial time algorithm to solve a single NP-hard problem would give polynomial time algorithms for all the problems in the complexity class NP. As it is suspected, but unproven, that P≠NP, it is unlikely that any polynomial-time algorithms for NP-hard problems exist.

A simple example of an NP-hard problem is the subset sum problem.

Informally, if H is NP-hard, then it is at least as difficult to solve as the problems in NP. However, the opposite direction is not true: some problems are undecidable, and therefore even more difficult to solve than all problems in NP, but they are provably not NP-hard (unless P=NP).
Otis Finley
Otis E. Finley Sr. (1898 – August 27, 1979) was an American football coach. He served as the head football coach Lincoln University in Jefferson City, Missouri in 1924 and at Virginia State College for Negroes—now known as Virginia State University–from 1925 to 1926, compiling a career college football coaching record of 9–6–5. Finley was born in 1898, in LaFayette, Alabama. He was a graduate of Tuskegee University, the University of Akron, and Springfield College in Springfield, Massachusetts. He died on August 27, 1979, in Maryland.

Lincoln University (Missouri)
Lincoln University (Lincoln U) is a public, historically black, land-grant university in Jefferson City, Missouri. Founded in 1866 by African-American veterans of the American Civil War, it is a member-school of the Thurgood Marshall College Fund. This was the first black university in the state. In the fall 2023, the university enrolled 1,799 students.
Bragar
Bragar (Scottish Gaelic: Bhràdhagair, pronounced [braːgər]) is a village on the west side of the Isle of Lewis in the Outer Hebrides, Scotland, 14 miles (23 kilometres) from the island's only town, Stornoway. Bragar is within the parish of Barvas, and is situated on the A858 between Carloway and Barvas.

Residents are mainly Gaelic speaking, and many work as crofters.

The village's best-known landmark is a whalebone arch, made in 1921 from the jawbone of an 80-foot-long (24-metre) blue whale which was beached on the shore the year before. The arch is located at the Lakeview residence, the home of Murdo Morrison (1867–1950). Bragar also has a post office, a war memorial, and a school.

Croft (land)
A croft is a traditional Scottish term for a fenced or enclosed area of land. It is usually small and arable, and typically, though not always, includes a crofter's dwelling. A crofter is a person who has tenure and use of the land, typically as a tenant farmer in rural areas.

In Northern England, "crofter" was a term associated with tenant farming and rural employment. For example, in the textiles industry, it referred to someone who bleached cloth prior to dyeing by laying it out in fields known as "crofts".
Macura
Macura (Czech feminine: Macurová, Polish archaic feminines: Macurzyna, Macurzanka) is a Slavic surname. It Polish it is derived from the given name Mac, a short form of Maciej and Mateusz. In Czech, the name was derived from Máca, which is a pet form of the given name Matěj (Czech form of Matthias/Matthew). Notable people with the surname include:

Jana Macurová (born 1978), Czech tennis player

J. P. Macura (born 1995), American basketball player

Jurij Macura (born 1999), Slovenian basketball player

Sasa Macura (born 1991), Australian-Croatian footballer

Slobodan Macura Bondo (1918–1943), Croatian partisan

Tatjana Macura (born 1981), Serbian politician

Slobodan Macura Bondo
Slobodan Macura (26 April 1918 – 21 March 1943), known as Bondo, was a Yugoslav Partisan and People's Hero of Yugoslavia of Croatian descent.

In 1951, Macura was awarded the title of People's Hero of Yugoslavia.
2012 CSIO Schweiz
The 2012 CSIO Schweiz (English: CSIO Switzerland) was the 2012 edition of the CSIO Schweiz, the Swiss official show jumping horse show, at Gründenmoos in St. Gallen. It was held as CSIO 5*.

The first horse show were held 1884 at St. Gallen. Up to the 1970s the CSIO Schweiz was held on year in Geneva and the next year in Lucerne. In the next years, up to 2006, the CSIO Schweiz was held one year in St. Gallen and in the outer year in Lucerne. Since 2007 each year the CSIO Schweiz are held in St. Gallen.

The 2012 edition of the CSIO Schweiz was held between May 31, 2012 and June 3, 2012.

St. Gallen
St. Gallen is a Swiss city and the capital of the canton of St. Gallen. It evolved from the hermitage of Saint Gall, founded in the 7th century. Today, it is a large urban agglomeration (with around 167,000 inhabitants in 2019) and represents the center of eastern Switzerland. Its economy consists mainly of the service sector. The city is home to the University of St. Gallen, one of the best business schools in Europe.

The main tourist attraction is the Abbey of Saint Gall, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The Abbey's renowned library contains books from the 9th century. The official language of St. Gallen is (the Swiss variety of Standard) German, but the main spoken language is the local variant of Alemannic Swiss German. The city has good transport links to the rest of the country and to neighbouring Germany and Austria. It also functions as the gate to the Appenzellerland.
Anupshahr
Anupshahr is a city and a municipal board, near Bulandshahr city in Bulandshahr district in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located on the right bank of the holy river Ganga. It is on a Bangar area.

Bulandshahr district
Bulandshahr district (also spelled Bulandshahar) is a district in the Meerut region in the north Indian state of Uttar Pradesh (UP), situated between the Ganga and Yamuna rivers. It is a part of the National Capital Region of India, and Bulandshahr is the district headquarters.

The district is situated between 28.4° south and 28.0° north latitudes and between 77.0° and 78.0° east longitudes. It is bordered by Hapur district to the north, Amroha and Sambhal districts to the east, Aligarh district to the south and Gautam Buddha Nagar district to the west.
Babai the Great
Babai the Great (ܒܵܒܲܝ ܪܲܒܵܐ bābay rabbā, c. 551 – 628) was an early church father of the Church of the East. He set several of the foundational pillars of the Church, revived the monastic movement, and formulated its Christology in a systematic way. He served as a monastic visitor and coadjutor with Mar Aba as unofficial heads of the Church of the East (formerly falsely referred to as "Nestorian Church") after Catholicos Gregory until 628 AD, leaving a legacy of strong discipline and deep religious Orthodoxy. He is revered in the modern Assyrian Church of the East and Ancient Church of the East.

Miaphysitism
Miaphysitism (/maɪˈæfɪsaɪtɪzəm, miː-/) is the Christological doctrine that holds Jesus, the Incarnate Word, is fully divine and fully human, in one nature or physis (Greek: φύσις). It is the position held by the Oriental Orthodox Churches. It differs from the dyophysitism of the Catholic Church, Eastern Orthodox Church, the Church of the East and major Protestant denominations, which holds that Jesus is one person with two natures (divine and human) as defined by the Council of Chalcedon in 451.

While historically a major point of controversy within Christianity, some modern declarations by both Chalcedonian and Miaphysite churches claim that the difference between the two Christological formulations does not reflect any significant difference in belief about the nature of Christ. Other statements from both Chalcedonian and Miaphysite churches claim that such difference is indeed theological but has been "widened by non-theological factors".
Turkson
Turkson is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ato Turkson (1933–1993), Ghanaian composer and musicologist

Kwamena Turkson (born 1976), Swedish boxer

Peter Turkson (born 1948), Ghanaian Catholic cardinal

Kwamena Turkson
Papa Kwamena Andze Turkson (born 17 January 1976) is a retired male boxer from Sweden.

Turkson competed for his native country at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia, where he was stopped in the second round of the men's heavyweight division (– 91 kg) by Cuba's defending champion and later gold medalist Félix Savón after a knock-out in the first round. He twice won a bronze medal during his amateur career at the European Championships.
Tullio Gregory
Tullio Gregory (28 January 1929 – 2 March 2019) was an Italian philosopher and historian of medieval and early modern philosophy. He was professor in La Sapienza, Rome, and collaborated with several institutions, either in Italy or abroad. His work and interpretations have shed new light on Medieval thought and on the connection to early modern philosophy (from Montaigne to Descartes).

Early modern philosophy
Early modern philosophy (also classical modern philosophy) was a period in the history of philosophy that overlaps with the beginning of the period known as modern philosophy. It succeeded the medieval era of philosophy. Early modern philosophy is usually thought to have occurred between the 16th and 18th centuries, though some philosophers and historians may put this period slightly earlier. During this time, influential philosophers included Descartes, Locke, Hume, and Kant, all of whom contributed to the current understanding of philosophy.
Crosscut Point
Crosscut Point (57°4′S 26°46′W﻿ / ﻿57.067°S 26.767°W﻿ / -57.067; -26.767) is a series of jagged rocks forming the north end of Vindication Island in the South Sandwich Islands. It was charted in 1930 by Discovery Investigations personnel on the Discovery II, and so named because numerous crosscutting dikes have withstood weathering and produced this irregular formation.

South Sandwich Islands
The South Sandwich Islands (Spanish: Islas Sandwich del Sur) are a chain of uninhabited volcanic islands in the South Atlantic Ocean. They are administered as part of the British Overseas Territory of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands. The chain lies in the sub-Antarctic region, about 700 kilometres (430 mi) southeast of South Georgia and 1,700 kilometres (1,100 mi) northeast from the tip of the Antarctic Peninsula.

The archipelago comprises 11 main islands forming an island arc running north–south, the largest being Montagu at 110 square kilometres (42 sq mi). It is divided into four groups, from north to south: The Traversay, Candlemas and Central Islands (Saunders, Montagu, and Bristol), and Southern Thule.

The archipelago is prone to violent earthquakes. Over the previous century, nine M 7+ earthquakes have occurred here, the most recent being the M 8.1 in August 2021. None of these earthquakes are known to have caused fatalities due to their remote location.
A TER
The A TER or A-TER is a family of diesel multiple unit (DMU) trains operated by SNCF on TER regional train services in France and Deutsche Bahn on regional train services in Germany. 377 units were built between 1999 and 2004 by Alstom. There are three classes: Class X 73500, Class X 73900, and DBAG Class 641.

Livery
A livery /ˈlɪvəri/ is an identifying design, such as a uniform, ornament, symbol, or insignia that designates ownership or affiliation, often found on an individual or vehicle. Livery often includes elements of the heraldry relating to the individual or corporate body featured in the livery. Alternatively, some kind of a personal emblem or badge, or a distinctive colour, is featured.

The word itself derives from the French livrée, meaning dispensed, handed over. Most often it would indicate that the wearer of the livery was a servant, dependant, follower or friend of the owner of the livery, or, in the case of objects, that the object belonged to them.

In the late medieval phenomenon of bastard feudalism, livery badges worn by the "retainers" of great lords, sometimes in effect private armies, became a great political concern in England.
Eva Verona Teixeira Ortet
Eva Verona Teixeira Ortet is a former member of the Pan-African Parliament from Cape Verde.

She is member of the African Party for the Independence of Cape Verde (PAICV).

In the early to mid 2010s, she returned to Cape Verde.  From September 2014 to June 22, 2016, she was Minister of Rural Development during the 6th José Maria Neves Cabinet.

African Party for the Independence of Cape Verde
The African Party for Independence of Cape Verde (Portuguese: Partido Africano da Independência de Cabo Verde, PAICV) is a democratic socialist political party in Cape Verde. It was the sole legal party in the country from 1981 to 1990. Its members are nicknamed "os tambarinas" (the tamarinds) in Portuguese, and they identify themselves with the color yellow. Their rivals are the centrist Movement for Democracy, or the wind fans, and the conservative Democratic and Independent Cape Verdean Union.
Olavi Kämäräinen
Olavi Kämäräinen (17 November 1922, Rauma – 8 August 2014) was a Finnish politician. He was a Member of the Parliament of Finland from 1962 to 1966, representing the Finnish People's Democratic League (SKDL). Kämäräinen was active in the Communist Party of Finland (SKP) as well.

Communist Party of Finland
The Communist Party of Finland (Finnish: Suomen Kommunistinen Puolue, SKP; Swedish: Finlands Kommunistiska Parti) was a communist political party in Finland. The SKP was a section of Comintern and illegal in Finland until 1944.

The SKP was banned by the state from its founding and did not participate in any elections with its own name. Instead, front organisations were used. In the 1920s, the communists took part in the Socialist Workers' Party of Finland (1920–1923) and the Socialist Electoral Organisation of Workers and Smallholders (1924–1930). Both of them were also banned. In 1944, a new front, the Finnish People's Democratic League was formed. The SKP controlled these fronts but they always had a prominent minority of non-communist socialists.
Shonphi Dashain Higher Secondary School
Shonphi Dashain Higher Secondary School, commonly known as Sonphi Dashain High School Shreepur (Nepali: सोन्फी दशै मावि श्रीपुर), is a public high school in Aurahi Municipality, ward no. 3, in Mahottari District of Nepal. It is one of the schools designated for technical education in collaboration with Council for Technical Education and Vocational Training (CTEVT), under which it runs Diploma in Civil Engineering programme. New buildings for the technical school and a library were unveiled by the State Minister of Health Surendra Yadav.

Aurahi, Mahottari
Aurahi (Nepali: औरही ) is a municipality in Mahottari District in Madhesh Province of Nepal. It was formed in 2016 occupying current 9 sections (wards) from previous 9 former VDCs. It occupies an area of 35.73 km2 with a total population of 31,751.
Marnie Holborow
Marnie Holborow is Associate Faculty  at Dublin City University. She is the author of two books on Marxism and language, The Politics of English (1999) and Language and Neoliberalism (2015). She has written articles on the home, women and paid employment and on the 2018 movement in Ireland for abortion rights, in which she was a leading activist. Her most recent book in this area is Homes in Crisis Capitalism (2024). She lives in Dublin, Ireland and is an activist of the political party People Before Profit and of the Socialist Workers Network.

Socialist Workers Network
The Socialist Workers Network (SWN) is an Irish Trotskyist organisation.

It was founded in 1971 as the Socialist Workers Movement (SWM), before becoming the Socialist Workers Party (SWP) in 1995. The SWP was a founding member of People Before Profit and was a member of the European United Left-Nordic Green Left and International Socialist Tendency.

In 2018, the SWP changed its name to Socialist Workers Network.
Keith Kidwell
Keith D. Kidwell (born June 21, 1961) is a  Republican member of the North Carolina House of Representatives. He has represented the 79th district (including constituents in Beaufort and Craven counties) since its creation in a mid-cycle redistricting in 2019.

North Carolina House of Representatives
The North Carolina House of Representatives is one of the two houses of the North Carolina General Assembly. The House is a 120-member body led by a Speaker of the House, who holds powers similar to those of the President pro-tem in the North Carolina Senate. Representatives serve two-year terms.

The qualifications to be a member of the House are found in the state Constitution: "Each Representative, at the time of his election, shall be a qualified voter of the State, and shall have resided in the district for which he is chosen for one year immediately preceding his election." Elsewhere, the constitution specifies that qualified voters that are 21 are eligible for candidacy except if otherwise disqualified by the constitution, and that no elected officials may deny the existence of God, although the latter provision is no longer enforced.

Prior to the Constitution of 1868, the lower house of the North Carolina Legislature was known as the North Carolina House of Commons.
Signalberg (Damme)
The Signalberg is, at 146 m above sea level (NN), the highest elevation in the Damme Hills and Oldenburg Münsterland. It rises in the district of Vechta in the north German state of Lower Saxony. The name means "beacon hill".

Normalnull
Normalnull ("standard zero") or Normal-Null (short N. N. or NN) is an outdated official vertical datum used in Germany. Elevations using this reference system were to be marked Meter über Normal-Null (“meters above standard zero”). Normalnull has been replaced by Normalhöhennull (NHN).
Cái Bè district
Cái Bè is a town in Vietnam. It is a rural district of Đồng Tháp province in the Mekong Delta region of Vietnam. Along the river, there are docks that handle passengers and goods, and the floating market. Cái Bè is the north shore of Mỹ Thuận bridge, the gateway to the city of Vĩnh Long and the Cửu Long River Delta.

The population in 2020 was 293,454 people, with a population density of 698 people per square kilometer.

Cửu Long province
Cửu Long was a province in the Mekong Delta region of southern Vietnam. It was created in 1976 from the merger of Vĩnh Long province and Vĩnh Bình province, and in 1992 Cửu Long was re-split into Vĩnh Long and Trà Vinh provinces.