hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Action of 7 July 1799
The action of 7 July 1799 was a minor naval engagement of the Napoleonic Wars in which the Spanish 34-gun frigate Nuestra Señora del Carmén captured the Royal Navy's 18-gun hired armed cutter Penelope, which was under the command of Lieutenant Frederick Lewis Maitland.

Hired armed vessels
During the 18th and 19th centuries, the Royal Navy made use of a large number of hired armed vessels. These were generally smaller vessels, often cutters and luggers, that the Royal Navy used for duties ranging from carrying despatches and passengers to convoy escort, particularly in British coastal waters, and reconnaissance.
Saint-Rambert-d'Albon
Saint-Rambert-d'Albon (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ ʁɑ̃bɛʁ dalbɔ̃], literally Saint-Rambert of Albon; Arpitan: Sent-Rambèrt) is a commune in the Drôme department in southeastern France, in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region.

Drôme
Drôme (French pronunciation: [dʁom] ⓘ; Occitan: Droma; Arpitan: Drôma) is the southernmost department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of Southeastern France. Named after the river Drôme, it had a population of 516,762 as of 2019. Drôme's prefecture is Valence.

The southern portion of the Drôme, closest to Provence, is often known as the fr:Drôme Provençale.
Mausbach
Mausbach is a small river of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is 1.2 km long and flows into the Vichtbach as a right tributary near Stolberg. It is one of four streams in North Rhine-Westphalia named Mausbach.

Stolberg (Rhineland)
Stolberg (German pronunciation: [ˈʃtɔlbɛʁk] ⓘ, Ripuarian: Stolbersch) is a town in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It has a long history as an industrial town and belongs to the district Aachen and the lower district court of Eschweiler.
Biperiden
Biperiden, sold under the brand name Akineton among others, is a medication used to treat Parkinson disease, certain drug-induced movement disorders and Tourette Syndrome. It is not recommended for tardive dyskinesias. It is taken by mouth, injection into a vein, or muscle.

Common side effects include blurred vision, dry mouth, sleepiness, constipation, and confusion. It should not be used in people with a bowel obstruction or glaucoma. It is unclear if use in pregnancy or breastfeeding is safe. Biperiden is in the anticholinergic family of medication.

Biperiden was approved for medical use in the United States in 1959. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. Biperiden is no longer marketed in the United States.

Extrapyramidal symptoms
Extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) are symptoms that are archetypically associated with the extrapyramidal system of the brain. When such symptoms are caused by medications or other drugs, they are also known as extrapyramidal side effects (EPSE). The symptoms can be acute (short-term) or chronic (long-term). They include movement dysfunction such as dystonia (continuous spasms and muscle contractions), akathisia (may manifest as motor restlessness), parkinsonism characteristic symptoms such as rigidity, bradykinesia (slowness of movement), tremor, and tardive dyskinesia (irregular, jerky movements). Extrapyramidal symptoms are a reason why subjects drop out of clinical trials of antipsychotics; of the 213 (14.6%) subjects that dropped out of one of the largest clinical trials of antipsychotics (the CATIE trial [Clinical Antipsychotic Trials for Intervention Effectiveness], which included 1460 randomized subjects), 58 (27.2%) of those discontinuations were due to EPS.
Hotovlja
Hotovlja (pronounced [xɔˈtoːu̯lja]; German: Hotaule) is a settlement on the right bank of the Poljane Sora River, opposite Poljane nad Škofjo Loko, in the Municipality of Gorenja Vas–Poljane in the Upper Carniola region of Slovenia.

Upper Carniola
Littoral

Carniola: 2a Upper, 2b Inner, 2c Lower

Carinthia

Styria

Prekmurje

Upper Carniola (Slovene: Gorenjska pronounced [ɡɔˈɾèːnska]; Italian: Alta Carniola; German: Oberkrain) is a traditional region of Slovenia, the northern mountainous part of the larger Carniola region. The largest town in the region is Kranj, and other urban centers include Kamnik, Jesenice, Domžale and Škofja Loka. It has around 300,000 inhabitants or 14% of the population of Slovenia.
Kumbhori
Kumbhori is a village in Mulshi taluka of Pune District in the state of Maharashtra, India. Talukas surrounding the village are Karjat taluka, Talegaon Dabhade Taluka, Mawal taluka and by Khalapur taluka. Districts closest to the village are Raigad district, Thane district, Mumbai City district and Mumbai Suburban district. Nearest railway stations around the village are  Vadgaon railway station, Begdewadi railway station, Lonavala railway station, Talegaon railway station and Kamshet railway station.

Vadgaon railway station
Vadgaon Station is a railway station of Pune Suburban Railway on the Mumbai–Chennai line.

Local trains between Pune Junction–Lonavala and Shivaji Nagar–Lonavala stop here.

The few passenger trains to stop on this station are-

Pune–Karjat Passenger.

Mumbai–Sainagar Shirdi Fast Passenger.

Mumbai–Bijapur Fast Passenger. Station has two platforms and a foot overbridge.
Pantai Remis landslide
The Pantai Remis landslide was a rock fall and flood that occurred on 21 October 1993, near Pantai Remis in Perak, Malaysia. The landslide took place in an abandoned open cast tin mine (in a region of the state well known for its tin mining industry) close to the Strait of Malacca. Video footage shows the rapid collapse of the working face closest the sea, allowing complete flooding of the mine and forming a new cove measuring approximately 0.5 km2 (0.19 sq mi).

Tin mining
Tin mining began early in the Bronze Age, as bronze is a copper-tin alloy. Tin is a relatively rare element in the Earth's crust, with approximately 2 ppm (parts per million), compared to iron with 50,000 ppm.
Jorma Kortelainen
Jorma Aksel Kortelainen (17 December 1932 – 27 December 2012) was a Finnish cross-country skier and rower who competed in the 1950s.

Kortelainen was born in Pyhäselkä.  He won a silver medal at the 1956 Winter Olympics in Cortina d'Ampezzo in the 4 × 10 km relay. He was also a successful rower who took part at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome.

Kortelainen died in Jyväskylä, at the age of 80, as a result of sepsis while being treated at the local hospital.

Pyhäselkä
Pyhäselkä is a former municipality of Finland, now part of Joensuu. It seat was located in Hammaslahti.

Pyhäselkä is located in the province of Eastern Finland and is part of the North Karelia region. The municipality had a population of 7,390 (2003) and covered an area of 351.58 km2 of which 71.38 km2 is water. The population density was 26.4 inhabitants per km2.

The municipality was unilingually Finnish.

Pyhäselkä was consolidated, together with Eno, with Joensuu on January 1, 2009.
Allen Liska
Allen Erwin Liska (May 15, 1940 – December 17, 1998 in Albany, New York) was an American sociologist and criminologist. He was a full professor at the University at Albany, SUNY from 1982 until his death in 1998, having originally joined the faculty there in 1979. From 1985 to 1988, he was the chair of the Department of Sociology there. He supervised more Ph.D. students than any other faculty member in the University at Albany, SUNY's sociology department. During his career, he also served as chair of the American Sociological Association's Section on Crime, Law, and Deviance. He was named a fellow of the American Society of Criminology in November 1998. In 1999, he was one of four University at Albany, SUNY faculty members to receive the university's Excellence in Research Award.

American Society of Criminology
The American Society of Criminology (ASC) is an international organization based on the campus of Ohio State University whose members focus on the study of crime and delinquency. It aims to grow and disseminate scholarly research, with members working in many disciplines and on different levels in the fields of criminal justice and criminology.  The Society and its members also seek to strengthen the role of research in the formulation of public policy. To further these goals, the Society holds an annual meeting that attracts some 4,000+ attendees from roughly 40 countries.
Mugilogobius cavifrons
Mugilogobius cavifrons, the mangrove goby, is a small benthic fish belonging to the family Gobiidae. It inhabits brackish and freshwater environments in tropical Indo-Pacific regions, particularly mangroves and estuaries. Originally described by Weber in 1909, the species is notable for its cryptic coloration and adaptability to disturbed habitats. It has also been introduced to the Hawaiian Islands, where it has established populations in estuarine system.

Demersal fish
Demersal fish, also known as groundfish, live and feed on or near the bottom of seas or lakes (the demersal zone). They occupy the sea floors and lake beds, which usually consist of mud, sand, gravel or rocks. In coastal waters, they are found on or near the continental shelf, and in deep waters, they are found on or near the continental slope or along the continental rise. They are not generally found in the deepest waters, such as abyssal depths or on the abyssal plain, but they can be found around seamounts and islands. The word demersal comes from the Latin demergere, which means to sink.

Demersal fish are bottom feeders. They can be contrasted with pelagic fish, which live and feed away from the bottom in the open water column.
Demersal fish fillets contain little fish oil (one to four per cent), whereas pelagic fish can contain up to 30 per cent.
David Thomasberger
David Thomasberger (born 9 January 1996) is a German swimmer. He competed in the men's 200 metre butterfly at the 2019 World Aquatics Championships. He qualified to represent Germany at the 2020 Summer Olympics.

Swimming at the 2019 World Aquatics Championships – Men's 200 metre butterfly
The Men's 200 metre butterfly competition at the 2019 World Championships was held on 23 and 24 July 2019. The event was won by Kristóf Milák, who broke a 10-year-old record set by Michael Phelps, and set a new world-record time of 1:50.73 in the process.
Eugénie Angot
Eugénie Angot (née Legrand; born 27 June 1970) is a French equestrian. She competed in individual jumping and team jumping at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens.

Her father was composer Michel Legrand (1932–2019). She was previously married to fellow equestrian Patrice Delaveau. They had a daughter, Camille Delaveau (born c. 1994). They were later divorced. She married Cédric Angot, another fellow equestrian, in 1999. They had one son, Stanislas Angot.

Equestrian at the 2004 Summer Olympics – Team jumping
The individual jumping event, part of the equestrian program at the 2004 Summer Olympics, was held from 22 August to 24 August 2004 in the Olympic Equestrian Centre on the outskirts of Markopoulo in the Attica region of Greece.  Like all other equestrian events, the jumping competition was mixed gender, with both male and female athletes competing in the same division.
St. Anthony's Mission House
St. Anthony's Mission House and Theological Seminary was a Catholic minor seminary for the Society of African Missions founded in Highwood, Bergen County, New Jersey. It was spearheaded in 1921 by Fr Ignatius Lissner, SMA as an interracial institution to educate men for the priesthood.

The seminary was one of several Catholic seminaries founded during Jim Crow to form African-American Catholic priests amid widespread opposition to the idea of Black priests in the United States.

St. Anthony's was relatively short-lived, producing only a few African-American priests (the first being the 11th in history) before moving to Tenafly and shuttering in 1926 due to racism among the American bishops.

As of 2022, the SMA property in Tenafly is a formation house and residence that celebrates liturgy daily, and serves as the headquarters of the SMA's American province. The property also houses the province's African Art Museum.

Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Port of Spain
The Roman Catholic Metropolitan Archdiocese of Port of Spain (Latin: Archidioecesis Metropolitae Portus Hispaniae) is a metropolitan diocese of the Latin Church of the Roman Catholic Church in the Caribbean. The archdiocese encompasses the entirety of the former Spanish dependency of Trinidad, including the islands of Trinidad and Tobago. The archdiocese is the Metropolitan responsible for the suffragan Dioceses of Bridgetown, Georgetown, Paramaribo and Willemstad, and is a member of the Antilles Episcopal Conference.

The diocese of Port of Spain was originally erected as a vicariate apostolic in 1818 and elevated to an archdiocese in April 1830.
Oliva Espín
Oliva Maria Espín (born December 12, 1938) is a Cuban American counseling psychologist known for her pioneering intellectual contributions to feminist therapy, immigration, and women's studies, and her advocacy on behalf of refugee women to help them to gain access to mental health services. Her interdisciplinary scholarly work brings together perspectives from sociology, politics, and religion to further understanding of issues and barriers related to gender, sexuality, language, and race. She is in the vanguard of transnational psychology, that applies transnational feminist lenses to the field of psychology to study, understand, and address the impact of colonization, imperialism, and globalization. She is the first Latina Professor Emerita of Women’s Studies at San Diego State University.

Imperialism
Imperialism is the maintaining and extending of power over foreign nations, particularly through expansionism, employing both hard power (military and economic power) and soft power (diplomatic power and cultural imperialism). Imperialism focuses on establishing or maintaining hegemony and a more formal empire.

While related to the concept of colonialism, imperialism is a distinct concept that can apply to other forms of expansion and many forms of government.
Montgobert
Montgobert (French pronunciation: [mɔ̃ɡɔbɛʁ]) is a commune in the Aisne department in Hauts-de-France in northern France. It is situated 9.7 km from Villers-Cotterêts, 15.3 km from Vic-sur-Aisne, 94 km from Paris, 113 km from Amiens and 180 km from Lille.

Aisne
Aisne (/eɪn/ ayn, US also /ɛn/ en; French: [ɛːn] ⓘ; Picard: Ainne) is a French department in the Hauts-de-France region of northern France. It is named after the river Aisne. In 2020, it had a population of 529,374.
Marshall Lang (son)
Scotland portal

Marshall Buchanan Lang  TD (1868 – 3 October 1954) was a Church of Scotland minister and author.

He was born into an ecclesiastical family in  1868. John Marshall Lang, his father, was Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland in 1893 and two of his brothers converted to the Church of England and joined its senior clergy: Cosmo was Archbishop of Canterbury from 1928 to 1942 and Norman was Bishop suffragan of Leicester.

He was educated at Glasgow Academy and Glasgow University. He was Minister at Oldmeldrum, then at St John's (Cross) in Dundee from 1909  before moving to his father's former Kirk at Whittingehame in 1918.  He was Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland in 1935. He died on  3 October 1954.

Kirk (word)
Kirk is a Scottish and former Northern English word meaning 'church'. The term the Kirk is often used informally to refer specifically to the Church of Scotland, the Scottish national church that developed from the 16th-century Scottish Reformation. Many place names and personal first and last names are derived from kirk.
Da Ros
Da Ros is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Gianni Da Ros (born 1986), Italian cyclist

João Luiz da Ros (born 1982), Brazilian rugby union player

Emanuela Da Ros (born 1959), Italian writer of children's books and journalist

Scott DaRos, American animator and animation director

Emanuela Da Ros
Children's literature portal

Emanuela Da Ros is a journalist and Italian writer of children's books.

She graduated in art history with a thesis on ancient Byzantine art at the University of Padua in 1985. Then she became an Italian teacher in a high-school in Vittorio Veneto. She started her writing activity in 2000, and she won the first prize at the International Children's Literature Award of Bologna, as the best unpublished Italian writer.
Aayudham (2008 film)
Aayudham is a 2008 Malayalam-language action film, directed by M. A. Nishad. The film stars Suresh Gopi, Thilakan, Lal, Bharathi, Karthika and Bala. The film had musical score by Alphonse Joseph and Biji Bal.

Bala (actor)
Bala Kumar (born 19 December 1982) is an Indian actor and director, who works in Malayalam and Tamil films. He made his debut in the Telugu film 2 Much (2002). He is well known for his roles in films such as Big B (2007), Sound of Boot (2008), Puthiya Mukham (2009), Hero (2012), Veeram (2014), Ennu Ninte Moideen (2015), Pulimurugan (2016), Aanakkallan (2018), Lucifer (2019), and Thambi (2019).
Onykia robusta
Onykia  robusta, also known as the robust clubhook squid and often cited by the older name Moroteuthis robusta, is a species of squid in the family Onychoteuthidae. Reaching a mantle length of 2 m (6.6 ft)  it is the largest member of its family and one of the largest of all cephalopods. The largest specimen with reliable catch data was found in the Bering Sea, a male with a total length of 3.72 m (12.2 ft) and weighing 41.73 kg (92.0 lb). The tentacular clubs are slender, containing 15–18 club hooks. Arms of the species contain 50–60 suckers, and grow to 90–100% of the mantle length. It is found primarily in the boreal to Temperate Northern Pacific.

Mantle (mollusc)
The mantle (also known by the Latin word pallium meaning mantle, robe or cloak, adjective pallial) is a significant part of the anatomy of molluscs: it is the dorsal body wall which covers the visceral mass and usually protrudes in the form of flaps well beyond the visceral mass itself.

In many species of molluscs the epidermis of the mantle secretes calcium carbonate and conchiolin, and creates a shell. In sea slugs there is a progressive loss of the shell and the mantle becomes the dorsal surface of the animal.

The words mantle and pallium both originally meant ‘cloak’ or ‘cape’; see mantle (vesture). This anatomical structure in molluscs often resembles a cloak because in many groups the edges of the mantle, usually referred to as the mantle margin, extend far beyond the main part of the body, forming flaps, double-layered structures which have been adapted for many different uses, including for example, the siphon.
John McCullough (poet)
John Steven McCullough is an English poet. He is a tutor for the Arvon Foundation and has taught creative writing and English Literature at universities around the UK including the University of Sussex, the University of Brighton and the Open University.

The author of four books of poetry, McCullough was the winner of the 2020 Hawthornden Prize for Literature as well as the 2012 Polari First Book Prize. He was shortlisted for both the Costa Poetry Award (2019) and a Forward Prize (2021).

Arvon Foundation
The Arvon Foundation is a charitable organisation in the United Kingdom that promotes creative writing.  Arvon is one of Arts Council England's National Portfolio Organisations.

Andrew Kidd is the Chief Executive Officer, and Patricia Cumper is Chair of the board of trustees.
German submarine U-1055
German submarine U-1055 was a Type VIIC U-boat built for Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine for service during World War II.
She was laid down on 30 March 1943 by Friedrich Krupp Germaniawerft, Kiel as yard number 689, launched on 9 March 1944 and commissioned on 8 April 1944 under Oberleutnant zur See Rudolf Meyer.

She was fitted with a Schnorchel underwater breathing apparatus in November 1944.

Submarine snorkel
A submarine snorkel is a device which allows the engine of a submarine to operate submerged while still taking in air from above the surface. British Royal Navy personnel often refer to it as the snort. A concept devised by Dutch engineers, it was widely used on German U-boats during the last year of World War II and known to them as a schnorchel.
Sharphead darter
The sharphead darter (Etheostoma acuticeps) is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a darter from the subfamily Etheostomatinae, part of the family Percidae, which also contains the perches, ruffes and pikeperches. It is endemic to the eastern United States, where it is only known to occur in the Holston and  Nolichucky River systems.  It inhabits small to medium-sized rivers, being found in rocky riffles in deep, fast-flowing waters.  This species can reach a length of 8.4 cm (3.3 in), though most only reach about 5.5 cm (2.2 in).

Gymnocephalus
Gymnocephalus is a genus of ray-finned fishes from the family Percidae, which includes the perches, pike-perches and darters. They are from the Western Palearctic area, although one species, Gymnocephalus cernua has been accidentally introduced to the Great Lakes region where it is regarded as an invasive species. They have the common name "ruffe" and resemble the true perches in the genus Perca, but are usually smaller and have a different pattern.
2023 24 Hours of Spa
The 2023 24 Hours of Spa (also known as the CrowdStrike 24 Hours of Spa) was the 76th running of the 24 Hours of Spa. The race took place from June 29 to July 2, 2023. The race was a part of both the 2023 GT World Challenge Europe Endurance Cup and the 2023 Intercontinental GT Challenge.

2023 GT World Challenge Europe Endurance Cup
The 2023 Fanatec GT World Challenge Europe Endurance Cup was the thirteenth season of the GT World Challenge Europe Endurance Cup since its inception in 2011 as the Blancpain Endurance Series. The season began on 22 April at Autodromo Nazionale Monza and ended on 1 October at Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya.
Zikaras
Zikaras is a Lithuanian surname, its female form is Zikaraitė. Notable people with the surname include:

Juozas Zikaras (1881–1944), Lithuanian sculptor and artist

Teisutis Zikaras (1922–1991), Lithuanian-born Australian sculptor

Lithuanian name
A Lithuanian personal name, as in most European cultures, consists of two main elements: the given name (vardas) followed by the family name (pavardė). The usage of personal names in Lithuania is generally governed (in addition to personal taste and family custom) by three major factors: civil law, canon law, and tradition. Lithuanian names always follow the rules of the Lithuanian language. Lithuanian male names have preserved the Indo-European masculine endings (-as; -is; -us). These gendered endings are preserved even for foreign names.
Happening Live!
Happening Live! is the fourth album by the Outsiders.  Although represented as being a live album, in actuality crowd noises and song introductions were added to studio recordings, some of which had appeared on previous albums.

Ain't Too Proud to Beg
"Ain't Too Proud to Beg" is a 1966 song and hit single by the Temptations for Motown Records' Gordy label, written by Norman Whitfield and Edward Holland Jr. and produced by Whitfield. It peaked at number 13 on the Billboard Pop Chart, and was a number-one hit on the Billboard R&B charts for eight non-consecutive weeks. The song's success, in the wake of the relative underperformance of the previous Temptations' single, "Get Ready", resulted in Norman Whitfield replacing Smokey Robinson, producer of "Get Ready", as the Temptations' main producer. In 2004, the song finished number 94 in AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs poll thanks to its inclusion in The Big Chill soundtrack.

Notable covers have been recorded by the Rolling Stones in 1974 and by Rick Astley in 1989.