hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cleomella refracta
Cleomella refracta, common names jackass clover or spectacle fruit, is a species of flowering plant in the cleome family, Cleomaceae. It is native to northwestern Mexico and the southwestern United States, particularly Chihuahua, Sonora, trans-Pecos Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, Utah, Nevada and California (Riverside, Kern and San Bernardino Counties). The species occurs in sandy flats, desert scrub and disturbed sites such as roadsides.

Cleomella refracta is an annual herb up to 200 cm (78.5 in) tall. Leaves are trifoliate, the leaflets ovate (egg-shaped), up to 5 cm (2 in) long. Its flowers are yellow.

Cleomaceae
The Cleomaceae  are a small family of flowering plants in the order Brassicales, comprising about 220 species in two genera, Cleome and Cleomella. These genera were previously included in the family Capparaceae, but were raised to a distinct family when DNA evidence suggested the genera included in it are more closely related to the Brassicaceae than they are to the Capparaceae. The APG II system allows for Cleomaceae to be included in Brassicaceae. Cleomaceae includes C3, C3–C4, and C4 photosynthesis species.
Concord Watch
Concord Watch Company is a Swiss luxury goods company that is part of the Movado group, which produces and distributes Movado, Ebel, Coach, and Hugo Boss-branded watches. Founded in 1908, Concord was purchased in 1970 by the North American Watch Company, which also distributed the Piaget and Corum lines of watches. From the late 1970s to the late 1980s, Concord produced luxury quartz watches. Flagship quartz models such as the Concord Centurion and Concord Delirium ranged from $2,000 to $20,000, surpassing the price of base automatic Rolex, Cartier and Omega wristwatches. By the 1990s, Concord watches fell out of style and grew obsolete amidst the rebranding of the company. While the brand still exists today, it never regained its market position nor visibility that it once had.

Piaget SA
Piaget SA (French pronunciation: [pja.ʒɛ]) is a Swiss luxury watchmaker and jeweller. Founded in 1874 by Georges Piaget in the village of La Côte-aux-Fées, Piaget is currently a subsidiary of the Swiss Richemont group.

Piaget was founded as a manufacturer of watch movements but began marketing its own line of watches in the 20th century.
Mokoena
Mokoena is a South African surname. Notable people by that name include:

Aaron Mokoena (born 1980), South African international footballer

Fana Mokoena (born 1971), South African actor

Godfrey Khotso Mokoena (born 1985), South African athlete

Julian Mokoena, South African politician

Nthabiseng Mokoena, South African intersex activist

Teboho Mokoena (born 1974), South African former international footballer

Teboho Mokoena (born 1997), South African international footballer

Thapelo Mokoena, South African actor

Thabang Mokoena, (born 2006),South African international footballer

Thapelo Mokoena
Thapelo Mokoena is a South African actor, television producer and presenter. He is best known for his role on UKs Bulletproof S3 as William, Trackers the series and presenting the first season of the South African version of the reality competition Fear Factor in 2005.
Miller Act
The Miller Act (ch. 642, Sec. 1-3, 49 stat. 793,794, codified as amended in Title 40 of the United States Code)  requires prime contractors on some government construction contracts to post bonds guaranteeing both the performance of their contractual duties and the payment of their subcontractors and material suppliers.

The Act was originally enacted as the Heard Act in 1894. That act established a single performance and payment bond that "did afford some protection to... unpaid subcontractors and materialmen, but it was fraught with substantive and procedural limitations." It was superseded by the Miller Act of 1935, named after its sponsor U.S. Representative John E. Miller (D-AR).

Title 40 of the United States Code
Title 40 of the United States Code outlines the role of Public Buildings, Properties, and Public Works in the United States Code.

Subtitle I—Federal Property and Administrative Services

Subtitle II—Public Buildings and Works

Subtitle III—Information Technology Management

Subtitle IV—Appalachian Regional Development

Subtitle V—Miscellaneous
Newburg, California
Newburg (formerly, Newberg) is a locality in Humboldt County, California. It is located 1.5 miles (2.4 km) east of Fortuna, at an elevation of 121 feet (37 m).

The town, originally named Newberg, was built by the Eel River Valley Lumber Company in 1884.

Fortuna, California
Fortuna (Spanish for "Fortune"; Wiyot: Vutsuwitk Da'l) is a city on the northeast shore of the Eel River, approximately 9 miles (14 km) from where it enters the Pacific Ocean, and is on U.S. Route 101 in west-central Humboldt County, California, United States. The population was 12,516 at the 2020 census, up from 11,926 at the 2010 census.
Jason Rollins
Jason Rollins (born c. 1975) is an American college football coach. He is the defensive coordinator for Grambling State University, a position he has held since 2024. He was the interim head football coach for Southern University in 2021 and compiled a 4–7 record. He coached for McNeese State, Ball High School, La Marque High School, Northwestern State, Tulane, UTSA, and Louisiana–Monroe. He played college football for McNeese State as a safety.

McNeese Cowboys football
The McNeese Cowboys football program is the intercollegiate American football team for McNeese State University located in the U.S. state of Louisiana. The team competes in the NCAA Division I Football Championship Subdivision (FCS) and are members of the Southland Conference. McNeese's first football team was fielded in 1940. The team plays its home games at the 17,410 seat Navarre Stadium in Lake Charles, Louisiana.
Banquo's Ghost
Banquo's Ghost (French: Le spectre de Banquo) is an 1854 oil painting by the French Romantic artist Théodore Chassériau. The painting features a scene from William Shakespeare's tragedy Macbeth.

The painting features the moment in Act 3 Scene 4 when Macbeth is confronted by the appearance of the ghost of Banquo during a nightime banquet.

Chassériau submitted the work for the Salon of 1855 but it was rejected. It was acquired in 1939 by the Museum of Fine Arts in Reims.

Banquet
A banquet (/ˈbæŋkwɪt/; French: [bɑ̃kɛ]) is a formal large meal where a number of people consume food together. Banquets are traditionally held to enhance the prestige of a host, or reinforce social bonds among joint contributors. Modern examples of these purposes include a charitable gathering, a ceremony, or a celebration. They often involve speeches in honor of the topic or guest of honour.

The older English term for a lavish meal was feast, and "banquet" originally meant a specific and different kind of meal, often following a feast, but in a different room or even building, which concentrated on sweet foods of various kinds.  These became highly fashionable as sugar became much more common in Europe at the start of the 16th century.  It was a grand form of the dessert course, and special banqueting houses, often on the roof or in the grounds of large houses, were built for them.  Such meals are also called a "sugar collation".
Alexandra Wood (violinist)
Alexandra Wood (born 1977) is a violinist from Cookham, England. She began playing at 3 years old, gaining 140 marks for her grade VIII Associated Board of the Royal Schools of Music examination at the age of 10. At age 13, she gave her first concerto performance and joined the National Youth Orchestra of Great Britain; she would go on to lead the same orchestra in her mid-teens.

In 2000, Wood graduated from Selwyn College, Cambridge with a double first with distinction. She then went to the Royal College of Music in London, studying with Izhak Rashkovsky, and was awarded the President Emerita Scholarship. Upon graduation she was awarded the Mills Williams and Phoebe Benham Junior fellowships.

She has won major prizes at international violin competitions, including the Henryk Wieniawski Violin Competition, Tibor Varga, Rodolfo Lipizer and Yampolsky. Wood was the winner of the Worshipful Company of Musicians Medal in 2000.

Rodolfo Lipizer
Rodolfo Lipizer (January 16, 1895 – June 8, 1974), was an Italian violinist, professor of music, and orchestra conductor.

Lipizer was born in Gorizia, Italy.  The International Violin Competition “Rodolfo Lipizer Prize” is named in his honour. One of his students was Ljubka Šorli (1910-1993), a Slovenian writer, poet, teacher and anti-fascist.
Limulus amebocyte lysate
Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) is an aqueous extract of motile blood cells (amebocytes) from the Atlantic horseshoe crab Limulus polyphemus. LAL reacts with bacterial endotoxins such as lipopolysaccharides (LPS), which are components of the bacterial capsule, the outermost membrane of cell envelope of gram-negative bacteria. This reaction is the basis of the LAL test, which is widely used for the detection and quantification of bacterial endotoxins.

In Asia, a similar Tachypleus amebocyte lysate (TAL) test based on the local horseshoe crabs Tachypleus gigas or Tachypleus tridentatus is occasionally used instead. The recombinant factor C (rFC) assay is a replacement of LAL and TAL based on a similar reaction.

Cell envelope
The cell envelope comprises the inner cell membrane and the cell wall of a bacterium. In Gram-negative bacteria an outer membrane is also included. This envelope is not present in the Mollicutes where the cell wall is absent.

Bacterial cell envelopes fall into two major categories: a Gram-positive type which stains purple during Gram staining and a Gram-negative type which stains pink during Gram staining. Either type may have an enclosing capsule of polysaccharides for extra protection. As a group these are known as polysaccharide encapsulated bacteria.
2023 Torkham landslide
On 18 April 2023, a landslide occurred in Pakistan's Khyber Pakhtunkhwa region. A thunder and lightning storm that occurred caused the landslip, which buried more than 20 trucks and resulted in at least seven fatalities (including two Afghan nationals) and dozens more who are thought to be trapped. A crucial border crossing between Pakistan and Afghanistan, the Torkham crossing, was shut down as a result of the event.

Afghans
Afghans are the citizens and nationals of Afghanistan. Afghans comprise various ethnic groups, of which Tajiks, Pushtuns, Hazaras, and Uzbeks are the largest.

The two main languages spoken among the Afghan people are Dari (a variety of Persian) and Pashto. Historically, the ethnonym "Afghan" used to refer to Pashtuns, but later came to refer to all ethnicities in Afghanistan after the 1964 Constitution of Afghanistan proposed by King Mohammad Zahir Shah.
Magdalena Różczka
Magdalena Różczka (born 27 July 1978 in Nowa Sól) is a Polish actress. She appeared in the comedy television series Bao-Bab, czyli zielono mi in 2003.

In May 2010 she was appointed the UNICEF National Goodwill Ambassador.

Bao-Bab, czyli zielono mi
Bao-Bab, czyli zielono mi is a Polish comedy television series broadcast in 2003. 12 episodes were aired on TVP1. It was directed by Jan Kidawa-Błoński and Krzysztof Lang and revolves around the adventures of the first female unit in the Polish army.
Iwamoto-ji
Iwamoto-ji (岩本寺) is a Chisan Shingon temple in Shimanto, Kōchi Prefecture, Japan. Temple 37 on the Shikoku 88 temple pilgrimage, the deities that are worshipped at this temple are Fudō Myō-ō, Shō Kannon, Amida Nyōrai, Yakushi Nyorai, and Jizō Bosatsu. The temple is said to have been founded by Gyōki during 729–749.

Bhaisajyaguru
Bhaiṣajyaguru (Sanskrit: भैषज्यगुरु, Chinese: 藥師佛, Japanese: 薬師仏, Korean: 약사불, Vietnamese: Dược Sư Phật, Standard Tibetan: སངས་རྒྱས་སྨན་བླ), or Bhaishajyaguru, formally Bhaiṣajya-guru-vaiḍūrya-prabha-rāja ("Medicine Master and King of Lapis Lazuli Light"; Chinese: 藥師琉璃光(王)如來, Japanese: 薬師瑠璃光如来, Korean: 약사유리광여래, Vietnamese: Dược Sư Lưu Ly Quang Vương Như Lai), is the Buddha of healing and medicine in Mahāyāna Buddhism. Commonly referred to as the "Medicine Buddha", he is described as a doctor who cures suffering (Pali/Sanskrit: dukkha/duḥkha) using the medicine of his teachings.

The image of Bhaiṣajyaguru is usually expressed with a canonical Buddha-like form holding a gallipot and, in some versions, possessing blue or deep green skin. Though also considered to be a guardian of the East, in most cases, Akshobhya is given that role. As an exceptional case, the honzon of Mount Kōya's Kongōbu-ji was changed from Akshobhya to Bhaiṣajyaguru.
Interior with a Young Couple and a Dog
Interior with a Young Couple and a Dog (1662) is an oil-on-panel painting by the Dutch painter Pieter de Hooch. It is an example of Dutch Golden Age painting and is now in the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City.

This painting was documented by Hofstede de Groot in 1910, who wrote:

74. TWO FIGURES AND A DOG IN A BEDROOM. De G. 71. A woman stands at a window to the right; a man sits to her left beckoning to a dog. On the left is visible another room with gilt leather hangings. On the right is a bed, resembling that of the Rijksmuseum picture from the Van der Hoop collection (71), and having similar green curtains. This picture also is of the best period, about 1665, and recalls the larger picture in the Louvre (255). The figures are stiff. Canvas (?), 21 inches by 23 1/2 inches. In the collection of the late Rodolphe Kann in Paris purchased as a whole by Duveen Brothers of London, August 1907.

Henry J. Duveen
Henry Joseph Duveen (26 October 1854 – 15 January 1919) was a British art dealer who co-founded the firm of Duveen Brothers with his brother, Joseph.

Duveen was born in Meppel, Netherlands, the son of Eva (van Minden) and Joseph Henoch Duveen, who were both from Dutch Jewish families.

After his brother's death from Bright's disease in 1908, his nephew, the future Lord Duveen, worked alongside his uncle. He was also an eminent philatelist who was one of the Fathers of Philately named on the Roll of Distinguished Philatelists in 1921.
Maurice Pellé
Maurice César Joseph Pellé (18 April 1863 – 16 March 1924) was a French général de division, leader of the French Military Mission to Czechoslovakia and first Chief of staff of Czechoslovak Army from February 1919 to January 1921.

Divisional general
Divisional general (alternatively general of division) is a general officer rank who commands an army division. The rank originates from the French Revolutionary System, and is used by a number of countries.  The rank is above a brigade general, and normally below an army corps general.

The rank is mostly used in countries where it is used as a modern alternative to a previous older rank of major-general or lieutenant-general.
People's Revolutionary Liberation Organisation
The People's Revolutionary Liberation Organisation (Ukrainian: Народно-визвольна революційна організація, romanized: Narodno-vyzvolna revoliutsiina orhanizatsiia; abbreviated NVRO) was the name adopted by a group of left-wing members of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA) who were briefly active in Volhynia in 1944. It was led by Vasyl Kuk, leader of the UPA's Southern Operational Group, and included several high-ranking members of the Southern Operational Group, such as colonel Petro Oliinyk.

Volhynia
Volhynia or Volynia (/voʊˈlɪniə/ voh-LIN-ee-ə; see #Names and etymology) is a historic region in Central and Eastern Europe, between southeastern Poland, southwestern Belarus, and northwestern Ukraine. The borders of the region are not clearly defined, but in Ukraine it is roughly equivalent to Volyn Oblast, Rivne Oblast, and the northern part of the Khmelnytskyi Oblast and Ternopil Oblast. The territory that still carries the name is Volyn Oblast.

Volhynia has changed hands numerous times throughout history and been divided among competing powers. For centuries it was part of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. After the Russian annexation during the Partitions of Poland, all of Volhynia was made part of the Pale of Settlement on the southwestern border of the Russian Empire. Important cities include Rivne, Lutsk, Zviahel, and Volodymyr.
Sonication
Sonication is the act of applying sound energy to agitate particles in a sample, for various purposes such as the extraction of multiple compounds from plants, microalgae, and seaweeds. Ultrasonic frequencies (> 20 kHz) are usually used, leading to the process also being known as ultrasonication or ultra-sonication.

In the laboratory, it is usually applied using an ultrasonic bath or an ultrasonic probe, colloquially known as a sonicator. In a paper machine, an ultrasonic foil can distribute cellulose fibres more uniformly and strengthen the paper.

Cellulose fiber
Cellulose fibers or Cellulose fibres (/ˈsɛljʊloʊs, -loʊz/) are fibers made with ethers or esters of cellulose, which can be obtained from the bark, wood or leaves of plants, or from other plant-based material. In addition to cellulose, the fibers may also contain hemicellulose and lignin, with different percentages of these components altering the mechanical properties of the fibers.

The main applications of cellulose fibers are in the textile industry, as chemical filters, and as fiber-reinforcement composites, due to their similar properties to engineered fibers, being another option for biocomposites and polymer composites.
Chasuriyama Kofun
The Chasuriyama Kofun (茶すり山古墳) is a Kofun period burial mound, located in the Ikunocho Kuchiganaya neighborhood of the city of Asago, Hyōgo, in the Kansai region of Japan. It was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 2004.

Kansai region
The Kansai region (関西地方, Kansai Chihō; [kaꜜɰ̃.sai, kaɰ̃.sai tɕiꜜ.hoː] ⓘ) (also known as the Kinki region (近畿地方, Kinki Chihō; Japanese pronunciation: [kʲiꜜŋ.ki, kʲiŋ.ki̥ tɕiꜜ.hoː])) is a region of Japan that lies in the southern-central portion of Japan's main island, Honshū. The region consists of the prefectures of Hyōgo, Kyoto, Mie, Nara, Osaka, Shiga, and Wakayama.  Additionally, the prefectures of Fukui, Tokushima and Tottori are sometimes associated with Kansai.

Kansai is the second-most populated region of Japan (after Kantō), and contains the metropolitan region of Osaka, Kobe and Kyoto (Keihanshin region), which is the second-most populated metropolitan region in Japan (after the Greater Tokyo Area).
Prophet (Better Watch It)
"Prophet (Better Watch It)" is the debut single released by British hip hop duo Rizzle Kicks, from their debut studio album, Stereo Typical. The single was released on 14 May 2011, in the United Kingdom. A music video to accompany the release was uploaded to YouTube on 2 April 2011, at a total length of three minutes and forty-nine seconds. It features the pair performing in a trance-like state whilst on a beach. The duo performed the song live for the first time on T4 on 2 June 2011. The single was a commercial flop, and as such, "Down with the Trumpets" is widely regarded as the group's debut and breakthrough single.

T4 (Channel 4)
T4 was a programming block on Channel 4 (T4 Saturday usually 9 am until 2 pm) and E4 (T4 Sunday usually 9 am until 5 pm) that was targeted at the 16–24 age group. It also aired on weekdays in the school holidays and often featured studio segments such as interviews with celebrity guests, live music and phone-in competitions interwoven by in-vision continuity presenters linking to a selection of both British and imported shows.

On 12 October 2012, Channel 4 announced that it would be axing T4 as part of a move to refresh the network's youth programming  at the end of December 2012. The show ended on 29 December 2012.
1990 Minnesota Secretary of State election
The 1990 Minnesota Secretary of State election was held on November 6, 1990, in order to elect the Secretary of State of Minnesota. Democratic–Farmer–Labor nominee and incumbent Secretary of State Joan Growe defeated Independent-Republican nominee David Jennings and Grassroots nominee Candice E. Sjostrom.

Grassroots Party
The Grassroots Party was a political third party in the United States established in 1986 to oppose drug prohibition. The party shared many of the progressive values of the Farmer–Labor Party but with an emphasis on cannabis/hemp legalization issues, and the organization traced their roots to the Youth International Party of the 1960s.

The Grassroots Party was active in the U.S. states of Iowa, Minnesota, and Vermont. The party was most successful in Vermont, where they achieved major party qualification in 1996, a status which they retained for six years, until 2002.
Jean Babin
Jean Babin is a Canadian art director and production designer. He is most noted for his work on the film The Time Thief (L'Arracheuse de temps), for which he, Arnaud Brisebois, and Ève Turcotte won the Canadian Screen Award for Best Art Direction/Production Design at the 10th Canadian Screen Awards in 2022.

He was also nominated in the same year for his work on Maria Chapdelaine, and was previously nominated at the 30th Genie Awards in 2010 for The Master Key (Grande Ourse: La Clé des possibles).

He has also been a four-time Jutra/Iris nominee for Best Art Direction, receiving nods at the 7th Jutra Awards in 2005 for Dans une galaxie près de chez vous, at the 12th Jutra Awards in 2010 for The Master Key, at the 16th Jutra Awards in 2014 for Triptych (Triptyque), and at the 19th Quebec Cinema Awards in 2017 for Wild Run: The Legend (Chasse-Galerie: La Légende).

16th Jutra Awards
The 16th Prix Jutra ceremony was held on March 23, 2014 at the Monument-National theatre in Montreal, Quebec, to honour achievements in the Cinema of Quebec in 2013. Nominations were announced in January.

Louis Cyr (Louis Cyr: L'homme le plus fort du monde) received a leading eleven nominations and swept the ceremony with eight competitive awards, including Best Film, Best Actor for Antoine Bertrand and Best Supporting Actor for Guillaume Cyr, as well as the Billet d'or award. It became the first film to win Best Film without a Best Screenplay nomination.

Gabrielle won five awards from ten nominations, including Best Screenplay and Best Director for Louise Archambault who became the second woman to win the award. The omission of Gabrielle Marion-Rivard from the Best Actress category was perceived as a snub. She eventually would win the Canadian Screen Award for Best Actress two weeks before the Jutra ceremony.
Michael DeCarlo
Not be confused with Mike DeCarlo.

Michael DeCarlo (born in Toronto, Ontario) is a Canadian television director. Some of his directing credits include Queer as Folk, Murdoch Mysteries, The Zack Files, Across the River to Motor City, Wild Roses, The Border, Three Moons Over Milford, Kyle XY and Rogue.

In 2012, DeCarlo wrote, directed, and co-executive produced Two Hands to Mouth, a Canadian dark comedy drama film with an ensemble cast, his first feature film.

The Zack Files
The Zack Files is a Canadian science fiction television program based on a book series of the same name, written by Dan Greenburg. It first aired on YTV from September 17, 2000, until the final episode aired in May 5, 2002. This series was shot in Toronto, Ontario.
Language of Silence
Language of Silence is the sixth studio album by Numb, released on November 24, 1998 by Metropolis Records. The album was conceived previous to the band's fifth album Blood Meridian but could not be released due to legal issues concerning Numb's label in Europe.

Metropolis Records
Metropolis Records is a record label that was founded in Philadelphia in 1993, by Dave Heckman. The label's all-electronic format closely tracked with European contemporaries including Off Beat, and since 1995 has been instrumental in promoting and distributing underground electronic music in the U.S.

On June 9, 1999, Metropolis bought the American industrial label, Pendragon Records. It assumed distribution responsibilities for Pendragon's back catalog, as well as that of 21st Circuitry, another industrial label which had gone out of business.