hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hainggyi Island (island)
Hainggyi Island (Burmese: ဟိုင်းကြီးကျွန်း, also spelt Haigyi Island or Hainggyikyun) is an island near the southwestern tip of Ayeyarwady Region near Cape Negrais located at the mouth of the Pathein River. The island has a marine port in its west and the town of Hainggyi Island on the east.   The island is divided into the village tract of Zibyugyaung and the town of Hainggyi Island, which has 2 wards.
The island lies within Hainggyikyun Subtownship within Ngapudaw Township, Pathein District.

The Pammawaddy Regional Command of the Myanmar Navy is headquartered in Hainggyi Island with its main port in the western part of island, outside the town. The Khamaukmaw Bridge connects the island to the mainland on the far western end south of the port.

Cyclone Nargis made landfall on Hainggyi Island in 2008 with sustained winds of 130mph. Political unrest at the time within Myanmar severely impeded aid and relief efforts.

Ngapudaw Township
Ngapudaw Township or Ngaputaw Township (Burmese: ငပုတောမြို့နယ်) is a township of Pathein District in the Ayeyarwady Region of Myanmar. The western portion of the township includes Ngayokaung Subtownship and the southern portion of the township includes Hainggyikyun Subtownship, both unofficial divisions used by the Township for statistical and administrative ease. The small village of Kyounku within Hainggyikyun Subtownship is the birthplace of former President of Myanmar Thein Sein.

The township borders Pathein Township and Kangyidaunt Township to its north. To its east, it borders Myaungmya Township, Myaungmya District and Labutta Township, Labutta District. There are two subtownships, three towns, 9 wards, 83 village-tracts and 411 villages in Ngapudaw Township. The principal town of the township is Ngapudaw.
Direct-access storage device
A direct-access storage device (DASD) (pronounced /ˈdæzdiː/) is a secondary storage device in which "each physical record has a discrete location and a unique address". The term was coined by IBM to describe devices that allowed random access to data, the main examples being drum memory and hard disk drives.  Later, optical disc drives and  flash memory units are also classified as DASD.

The term DASD contrasts with sequential access storage device such as a magnetic tape drive, and unit record equipment such as a punched card device. A record on a DASD can be accessed without having to read through intervening records from the current location, whereas reading anything other than the "next" record on tape or deck of cards requires skipping over intervening records, and requires a proportionally long time to access a distant point in a medium. Access methods for DASD include sequential, partitioned, indexed, and direct.

The DASD storage class includes both fixed and removable media.

Tape drive
A tape drive is a data storage device that reads and writes data on a magnetic tape. Magnetic-tape data storage is typically used for offline, archival data storage. Tape media generally has a favorable unit cost and long archival stability.

A tape drive provides sequential access storage, unlike a hard disk drive, which provides direct access storage. A disk drive can move to any position on the disk in a few milliseconds, but a tape drive must physically wind tape between reels to read any one particular piece of data. As a result, tape drives have very large average access times. However, tape drives can stream data very quickly off a tape when the required position has been reached. For example, as of 2017 Linear Tape-Open (LTO) supports continuous data transfer rates of up to 360 MB/s, a rate comparable to hard disk drives.
Ehrenfest
Ehrenfest is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Paul Ehrenfest (1880-1933), Austrian physicist and mathematician
Ehrenfest equations
Ehrenfest model
Ehrenfest paradox
Ehrenfest theorem
32796 Ehrenfest

Tatjana Ehrenfest-Afanassjewa (1876-1964), Ukrainian-Russian mathematician, wife of Paul

Tanja van Aardenne-Ehrenfest (1905–1984), Austrian Dutch mathematician, daughter of Paul

Ehrenfest equations
Ehrenfest equations (named after Paul Ehrenfest) are equations which describe changes in specific heat capacity and derivatives of specific volume in second-order phase transitions. The Clausius–Clapeyron relation does not make sense for second-order phase transitions, as both specific entropy and specific volume do not change in second-order phase transitions.
Florence–Rome railway
The Florence–Rome railway is part of the traditional main north–south trunk line of the Italian railway network.  The line is referred to by Ferrovie dello Stato (the State Railways) as the Linea Lenta (meaning "slow line", abbreviated LL) to distinguish it from the parallel high-speed line. The Linea Lenta is now mainly used for regional services, for the InterCity services — rather than the faster Le Frecce trains — between Florence and Rome and for the majority of freight trains. Some types of passenger train are routed on the line to serve smaller stations not served by the high-speed line or in order to improve traffic flow during peak periods or other periods of congestion.

High-speed trains on the Florence-Rome route use the parallel Florence–Rome high-speed line (Direttissima, meaning "most direct", abbreviated DD) which was partially opened on 24 February 1977 and completed on 26 May 1992.

Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane
Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane S.p.A. (Italian pronunciation: [ferroˈviːe dello ˈstaːto itaˈljaːne]; lit. 'Italian State Railways JSC'; previously only Ferrovie dello Stato, hence the initialism FS) is Italy's national state-owned railway holding company that manages transport, infrastructure, real estate services and other services in Italy and other European countries.
Nadine Gelineau
Nadine Gelineau was a Canadian-born music industry executive, radio programmer, and DJ, whose career spanned roles in Ottawa, Montreal, Toronto, New York, and Los Angeles, at campus radio stations, the CBC, major and independent record labels, and VICE Media, before establishing her own multi-service music company The MuseBox. During the course of her career, she marketed and promoted acts including The Killers, the Wu-Tang Clan, Bloc Party, Guided By Voices, The Brian Jonestown Massacre, and Spiritualized, managed such artists as Echo & The Bunnymen, K-Os, and The Dears, and employed the former Smiths's bassist Andy Rourke as an A&R director at her company. She was known for tenaciously promoting emerging indie artists and being well liked by both musicians and executives.

Andy Rourke
Andrew Michael Rourke (17 January 1964 – 19 May 2023) was an English musician best known as the bassist of the 1980s indie rock band the Smiths. Regarded as one of the greatest bassists of his generation, he was known for his melodic and funk-inspired approach to bass playing.

Rourke joined the Smiths after their first gig, having known guitarist Johnny Marr since secondary school, and played on their entire discography. After the group broke up in 1987, he performed on some of lead vocalist Morrissey's early solo releases. Rourke recorded with Sinéad O'Connor and the Pretenders in the early 1990s, and was a member of the supergroup Freebass and the band D.A.R.K., and later Blitz Vega with Kav Sandhu. He organised the Versus Cancer concerts from 2006 to 2009.
Ellen Buckley
Elizabeth Ann (Ellen) Buckley (21 October 1913 – 25 January 2003) was a United States military nurse. She served for the United States Navy Nurse Corps during two wars. She advanced until the rank of Lieutenant Commander.

Four Freedoms Award
The Four Freedoms Award is an annual award presented to "those men and women whose achievements have demonstrated a commitment to those principles which US President Franklin Delano Roosevelt proclaimed in his Four Freedoms speech to the United States Congress on January 6, 1941, as essential to democracy: "freedom of speech and expression, freedom of worship, freedom from want, freedom from fear". The annual award is handed out in alternate years in New York City by the Roosevelt Institute to Americans and in Middelburg, Netherlands, by the Roosevelt Stichting to non-Americans.
Kallu Yadav (Kalua)
Kallu Yadav (d. 2006), also known as Kalua, was a dacoit leader from Western Uttar Pradesh, India, popularly known as the "King of Katri", who was accused of killing more than 20 policemen, for which the Uttar Pradesh government offered a reward of Rs 1 lakh on him. Kalua was killed in an encounter by the Uttar Pradesh Police on 15 January 2006.

Kallu Yadav, a resident of Purnangla village of Paraur police station of Shahjahanpur district, was a terror in Shahjahanpur, Etah, Badaun, Kannauj and Farukhabad districts, although the bandit leader Kallu was not a born or habitual criminal. Shyam Singh's brother beat up Kallu badly after a dispute over possession of land in the village, after which Kallu became a dacoit. Kalua killed his enemy on the day of Holi in 1997 and threw the dead body on the banks of the river Ganges. Although Kalua has been encountered by the Uttar Pradesh Police, still there is occasional extortion in the name of his gang.

Budaun
Budaun (romanised: Badāʾūn or Badāyūn, Hindi pronunciation: [bəd̪aːjũː]) is a medieval city and headquarters of Budaun district, in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is located about a mile east of the Sot river, and 27 km north of the Ganges, in the Rohilkhand region of Uttar Pradesh. According to the 2011 census, Budaun has a population of 159,221, which is projected to be 161,555 at present. Budaun rose to historical importance as the capital of the Delhi Sultanate for four years from 1210 CE to 1214 CE during the reign of Sultan Iltutmish. It was the most important post of Northern Frontier during Mughal reign. Budaun is a big market, historically famous and religiously important city. Budaun is 230 km south-east of New Delhi and 245 km north-west of Lucknow, both taking about 6 hours by road.
17th Delaware General Assembly
The 17th Delaware General Assembly was a meeting of the legislative branch of the state government, consisting of the Delaware Senate and the Delaware House of Representatives. Elections were held the first Tuesday of October and terms began on the first Tuesday in January. It met in Dover, convening January 1, 1793, two weeks before the beginning of the first year of the administration of Governor Joshua Clayton. This was the first application of the Delaware 1792 Constitution.

The apportionment of seats was permanently assigned to three senators and seven representatives for each of the three counties. Population of the county did not effect the number of delegates. Both chambers had a Federalist majority.

Dover, Delaware
Dover (/ˈdoʊvər/ DOH-vər) is the capital and the second-most populous city of the U.S. state of Delaware, after Wilmington. It is also the county seat of Kent County and the principal city of the Dover metropolitan statistical area, which encompasses all of Kent County and is part of the Philadelphia–Wilmington–Camden, PA–NJ–DE–MD, combined statistical area. It is located on the St. Jones River in the Delaware River coastal plain. It was named by William Penn for Dover in Kent, England (for which Kent County is named). As of 2020, its population was 39,403.
Odibo
Odibo is a village in the north of Namibia close to the Angolan border known for its Anglican mission St Mary. It belongs to the Oshikango electoral constituency in the Ohangwena Region. Odibo is also an Archdeaconry in the Diocese of Namibia.

Odibo is situated on top of a large underground water reservoir. Cracks in the soil and in stone structures are attributed to this. The village Headman is Charles Namoloh, Namibia's Minister of Regional and Local Government, Housing and Rural Development.

Ohangwena Region
Ohangwena is one of the fourteen regions of Namibia; its capital is Eenhana. Major settlements in the region are the towns of Eenhana and Helao Nafidi, as well as the self-governed village of Okongo and the proclaimed settlements Ongha, Ongenga and Omungwelume. As of 2020, Ohangwena had 150,724 registered voters.

Ohangwena is traversed by the northwesterly line of equal latitude and longitude. In the north, Ohangwena borders Angola: the Cunene Province, except for a small border with Cubango Province in the far northeast.  Domestically, it borders the following regions:

Kavango West - East

Oshikoto - South

Oshana - South West

Omusati - West
Instructor-led training
Instructor-led training, or ILT, is the practice of training and learning material between an instructor and learners, either individuals or groups.  Instructors can also be referred to as a facilitator, who may be knowledgeable and experienced in the learning material, but can also be used more for their facilitation skills and ability to deliver material to learners.

Instructors may deliver training in a lecture or classroom format, as an interactive workshop, as a demonstration with the opportunity for learners to practice, or even virtually, using video-conferencing tools; and the instructor may have facilitation and teaching skills, in which they can use different methods to engage learners and embrace different learning styles.

Other learning delivery methods include e-learning which delivers self-paced courses online, and blended learning which mixes instructor-led and e-learning elements.

Facilitator
A facilitator is a person who helps a group of people to work together better, understand their common objectives, and plan how to achieve these objectives, during meetings or discussions. In doing so, the facilitator remains "neutral", meaning they do not take a particular position in the discussion. Some facilitator tools will try to assist the group in achieving a consensus on any disagreements that preexist or emerge in the meeting so that it has a solid basis for future action.
Akköprü Dam
Akköprü Dam is a rockfill on the Dalaman River in Muğla Province, Turkey, built between 1995 and 2011. It supports a 115 MW power station and provides water for the irrigation of 14,192 hectares (35,070 acres).

Muğla Province
Muğla Province (Turkish: Muğla ili, pronounced [muːɫa iˈli]) is a province and metropolitan municipality of Turkey, at the country's southwestern corner, on the Aegean Sea. Its area is 12,654 km2, and its population is 1,048,185 (2022). Its seat is the city of Muğla, about 20 km (12 mi) inland, while some of Turkey's largest holiday resorts, such as Bodrum, Ölüdeniz, Marmaris and Fethiye, lie on the coast.
Asako Serizawa
Asako Serizawa is a Japanese writer who is the recipient of PEN/Open Book Award in 2021, The Story Prize Spotlight Award, Massachusetts Book Award, Pushcart Prize, Rona Jaffe Foundation Writers' Award and two times recipient of O. Henry Award. She is the fellow of Civitella Ranieri Foundation and National Endowment for the Arts.

Civitella Ranieri Foundation
The Civitella Ranieri Foundation is an American artists’ community located at a 15th-century castle in the Umbria region of Italy.

The Foundation provides four sessions of six-week long unstructured residencies every year to visual artists, writers and composers; and, occasionally, it organizes events for the general public.

Founded by arts philanthropist Ursula Corning in 1995. In the last decade of her life, Ursula often wondered aloud, "What will become of my dear Civitella after I die? Will it be turned into a dusty museum?" It was at this time, with the help of Gordon Knox and Cecilia Galiena, that she began to grow Civitella's current arts program. Civitella Ranieri Foundation has hosted over 800 Fellows and Director's Guests from across the globe.
Pilotrulleum
Pilotrulleum is a genus of beetles in the family Buprestidae, the jewel beetles. There are two species, both native to Mexico. P. caesariae can also be found in Costa Rica.

Species include:

Pilotrulleum caesariae Bellamy & Westcott, 1995

Pilotrulleum lagartiguanum Bellamy & Westcott, 1995

Buprestidae
Buprestidae is a family of beetles known as jewel beetles or metallic wood-boring beetles because of their glossy iridescent colors. Larvae of this family are known as flatheaded borers. The family is among the largest of the beetles, with some 15,500 species known in 775 genera. In addition, almost 100 fossil species have been described.

The larger and more spectacularly colored jewel beetles are highly prized by insect collectors. The elytra of some Buprestidae species have been traditionally used in beetlewing jewellery and decoration in certain countries in Asia, like India, Thailand and Japan.
The Giant Who Had No Heart in His Body
The Giant Who Had No Heart in His Body (Norwegian: Jetten uten hjerte) is a Norwegian fairy tale collected by Asbjørnsen and Moe.

George MacDonald retold it as "The Giant's Heart" in Adela Cathcart. A version of the tale also appears in The Pink Fairy Book by Andrew Lang and in A Book of Giants by Ruth Manning-Sanders.

George MacDonald
George MacDonald  (10 December 1824 – 18 September 1905) was a Scottish author, poet and Congregational minister. He became a pioneering figure in the field of modern fantasy literature and the mentor of fellow-writer Lewis Carroll. In addition to his fairy tales, MacDonald wrote several works of Christian theology, including several collections of sermons.
Gunma–Grifin Racing Team
Gunma-Grifin Racing Team (群馬グリフィン, Gunma Gurifin) is a Japanese cycling team established in 2015 based in Gunma Prefecture. It was registered as UCI Continental team in 2015–2016.  It competes mainly in JBCF JProTour league.

Gunma Prefecture
Gunma Prefecture (群馬県, Gunma-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [ɡɯꜜm.ma, ɡɯm.maꜜ.keɴ]) is a landlocked prefecture of Japan located in the Kantō region of Honshu. Gunma Prefecture has a population of 1,937,626 (1 October 2019) and has a geographic area of 6,362 square kilometres (2,456 sq mi). Gunma Prefecture borders Niigata Prefecture and Fukushima Prefecture to the north, Nagano Prefecture to the southwest, Saitama Prefecture to the south, and Tochigi Prefecture to the east.

Maebashi is the capital and Takasaki is the largest city of Gunma Prefecture, with other major cities including Ōta, Isesaki, and Kiryū. Gunma Prefecture is one of only eight landlocked prefectures, located on the northwestern corner of the Kantō Plain with 14% of its total land being designated as natural parks.
Knapton, York
Knapton is a village in the civil parish of Rufforth with Knapton, in the City of York unitary authority area and ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, England. It is 3 miles (5 km) west of York and is bounded by the village of Acomb to the east, the B1224 to the south, the A59 to the north and the A1237 York Outer Ring Road to the west.

Ceremonial counties of England
Ceremonial counties, formally known as counties for the purposes of the lieutenancies, are areas of England to which lord-lieutenants are appointed.  A lord-lieutenant is the monarch's representative in an area.

Shrieval counties have the same boundaries and serve a similar purpose, being the areas to which high sheriffs are appointed. High sheriffs are the monarch's judicial representative in an area.

The ceremonial counties are defined in the Lieutenancies Act 1997, and the shrieval counties in the Sheriffs Act 1887. Both are defined as groups of counties used for local government.
Ranjit Gazmer
Ranjit Gazmer, also credited as Ranjit Gajmer, is an Indian musician and music director known for his contribution to the music industry of Nepali cinema. He had a long association with Indian music director R.D. Burman. He has composed for most of the films directed by Tulsi Ghimire, a film director in Nepal.

Cinema of Nepal
Nepali Cinema, also referred to as "Nepali Chalachitra" (Nepali: नेपाली चलचित्र) is the filmmaking industry in Nepal. This includes films in various languages of Nepal, most notably in Nepali language but also in Newari, Maithili, Tamang, Bhojpuri and Tharu among others. The term Cinemandu is also used, as a portmanteau for films produced in the Nepali language while the Nepalese films produced from Kathmandu and Janakpur in the Maithili language is known as Mithilawood. Both of these film industries are the largest viewing cinema of Nepal and are collectively known as Nepali Cinema.
1952 Wilkes County 200
The 1952 Wilkes County 200 was a NASCAR Grand National Series event that was held on March 30, 1952, at North Wilkesboro Speedway in North Wilkesboro, North Carolina.

The race car drivers still had to commute to the races using the same stock cars that competed in a typical weekend's race through a policy of homologation (and under their own power). This policy was in effect until roughly 1975. By 1980, NASCAR had completely stopped tracking the year model of all the vehicles and most teams did not take stock cars to the track under their own power anymore.

NASCAR Grand National Series
The name NASCAR Grand National Series refers to former names of the following NASCAR series:

National-level stock car series:
NASCAR Cup Series (the top NASCAR series, known as NASCAR Grand National Series between 1950 and 1970, then the NASCAR Winston Cup Grand National Series between 1971 and 1986)
NASCAR O'Reilly Auto Parts Series (the second highest NASCAR series, known as NASCAR Busch Grand National Series between 1986 and 2003)

Regional-level stock car series (termed as Grand National Division by NASCAR):
ARCA Menards Series East (known as NASCAR Busch Grand National North Series between 1987 and 1993; later formally known as NASCAR Grand National Division East Series)
ARCA Menards Series West (known as NASCAR Busch Grand National West in 1970; later formally known as NASCAR Grand National Division West Series)
NASCAR Grand National East Series (held in 1972 and 1973)
The Battlefields Park
The Battlefields Park (French: Parc des Champs-de-Bataille) includes the Plains of Abraham with the nearby and smaller Des Braves park, both within the district of Montcalm in Quebec City, and forms one of the few Canadian national urban parks. Its significance lies in the Battle of the Plains of Abraham (1759) and the Battle of Sainte-Foy, fought six months later on today's Des Braves park.

It was established as a park by law on March 17, 1908. It features an interpretive centre and walking trails, and is sometimes used for outdoor concerts, especially during the national festival events.  The park contains a collection of about 50 historical artillery pieces scattered about its grounds. It is managed by the National Battlefields Commission, a federal government agency under the Minister of Canadian Heritage with members appointed by the King in his Canadian, Ontarian, and Québécois Councils. The commission also oversees its own police service since 1948.

Minister of Canadian Identity and Culture
The minister of Canadian identity and culture (French: ministre de l'identité et de la culture canadiennes) is the minister of the Crown responsible for the Department of Canadian Heritage. The minister is a member of the King's Privy Council for Canada and the Canadian Cabinet.

Marc Miller has served as the current minister of Canadian identity and culture since 2025. The minister is selected by the prime minister and appointed by the Crown. The role was created in 1996 as the minister of Canadian heritage (French: ministre du patrimoine canadien) to lead the government's culture, media, sports, and arts initiatives. In March 2025, the role was renamed as the minister of Canadian culture and identity, Parks Canada and Quebec lieutenant, and the portfolio assumed responsibility for Parks Canada. The simplified title was adopted in May 2025.