hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Livingstone Hospital
Livingstone Hospital is a large Provincial government-funded hospital situated in Korsten, Port Elizabeth in South Africa. It is a tertiary hospital and forms part of the Port Elizabeth Hospital Complex.

The hospital departments include The Emergency Department, the Paediatric, the Out Patients Department, Surgical Services, Medical Services, Operating Theatre & CSSD Services, a Pharmacy, Anti-Retroviral (ARV) treatment for HIV/AIDS Wellness Clinic/ID clinic, Post Trauma Counseling Services, Occupational Services, X-ray Services, Occupational Therapy, Physiotherapy, Speech Therapy, NHLS Laboratory, Oral Health Care Provides Maxillofacial Facial, Laundry Services, Kitchen Services and a Mortuary.

Politics of the Eastern Cape
Like the other eight provinces in South Africa, Eastern Cape is governed by a parliamentary system, with the premier of the province selected from the leadership of the largest party or coalition in the provincial legislature. The premier then selects the members of his Executive Council (cabinet) from among his fellow MPLs; they are assigned to the different departments in the government, even though the departments' day-to-day business is run by the Heads of the Department (HOD), who are also appointed by the premier.
Geodesics in general relativity
In general relativity, a geodesic generalizes the notion of a "straight line" to curved spacetime. Importantly, the world line of a particle free from all external, non-gravitational forces is a particular type of geodesic. In other words, a freely moving or falling particle always moves along a geodesic.

In general relativity, gravity can be regarded as not a force but a consequence of a curved spacetime geometry where the source of curvature is the stress–energy tensor (representing matter, for instance).  Thus, for example, the path of a planet orbiting a star is the projection of a geodesic of the curved four-dimensional (4-D) spacetime geometry around the star onto three-dimensional (3-D) space.

Stress–energy tensor
The stress–energy tensor, sometimes called the stress–energy–momentum tensor or the energy–momentum tensor, is a tensor field quantity that describes the density and flux of energy and momentum at each point in spacetime, generalizing the stress tensor of Newtonian physics. It is an attribute of matter, radiation, and non-gravitational force fields. This density and flux of energy and momentum are the sources of the gravitational field in the Einstein field equations of general relativity, just as mass density is the source of such a field in Newtonian gravity.
Nelson Miller
Nelson Miller (12 November 1954 – 30 June 2019) was a Jamaican drummer and record producer.  Miller was born and raised in Port Antonio. Influenced by Lloyd Knibb, Carlton "Santa" Davis, and Mikey "Boo" Richards, he began playing in bands in Port Antonio as a teenager.

He has played on and produced many Burning Spear albums since the late 1970s, including the Grammy Award nominated Resistance. He also led the band The Two Ton Machine, releasing the album Chinatown in 1985.

He later recorded with Clinton Fearon of The Gladiators, and in the Solid Foundation Band, working with Prezident Brown.

Miller unexpectedly took ill the morning of 30 June 2019 and was taken to the hospital. He died later that evening. Actual cause of death remains unknown.

Burning Spear
Winston Rodney OD (born 1 March 1945), better known by the stage name Burning Spear, is a Jamaican roots reggae singer-songwriter, vocalist, and musician. Burning Spear is a Rastafarian and one of the most influential and long-standing roots artists to emerge from the 1970s.
Harzbahn
Harzbahn includes:

Rübeland Railway (Rübelandbahn)

Harz Narrow Gauge Railways
Harz Railway (Harzquerbahn)
Brocken Railway (Brockenbahn)
Selke Valley Railway (Selketalbahn)

Wurmberg Gondola Lift

Burgberg Cable Car

Harz Narrow Gauge Railways
The Harz Narrow Gauge Railways (German: Harzer Schmalspurbahnen or HSB) is a railway company that operates a 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) metre gauge network in the Harz mountains, in central Germany (formerly East Germany).  The company was formed after the fall of the Berlin Wall when the network, operated then by the Deutsche Reichsbahn, was privatised. It owns about 140 kilometres (87 miles)) of track, connecting the principal towns of Wernigerode, Nordhausen and Quedlinburg and several smaller settlements in the area. Much of the network is steeply graded and picturesque, but its most popular destination is the Brocken, the highest mountain in the region. The company runs a significant number of its trains with steam haulage, mostly employing 1950s vintage 2-10-2 tank locomotives, hauling traditional open-platform bogie carriages.  The company is mainly owned by the various local authorities whose territories it serves.
Barker Fairley
Barker Fairley, OC RCA (May 21, 1887 – October 11, 1986) was a British-Canadian painter, and scholar who made a significant contribution to the  study of German literature, particularly for the work of Goethe, and was an early champion and friend of the Group of Seven and founder of The Canadian Forum magazine.

English Canadians
English Canadians or Anglo-Canadians refers either to Canadians of English ethnic origin and heritage or to English-speaking (Anglophone) Canadians of any ethnic origin; it is used primarily in contrast with French Canadians. Canada is an officially bilingual country, with English and French official language communities. Immigrant cultural groups ostensibly integrate into one or both of these communities, but often retain elements of their original cultures. The term English-speaking Canadian is sometimes used interchangeably with English Canadian.

In addition to the terms "English Canadian" and "Canadian", the terms "Anglophone Canadian" and "Anglo-Canadian" are also used. An additional 11,135,965 Canadians describe their ethnic background as "Canadian", many of whom may also be of English ancestry.
Riol Chemie GmbH
Riol Chemie GmbH is a German distributor of chemicals, reagents, deactivation agents and others, situated in Lilienthal, Germany. They are suspected of selling precursor chemicals to Russia. They delivered chemicals and laboratory equipment to Chimmed Group  without export permits. It is possible that they have delivered precursor for Novichok. Customs officials conducted a search  at their headquarters on September 30, 2022. A similar search has been made in Southern Germany, e.g. in Konstanz.

Lilienthal, Lower Saxony
Lilienthal (German pronunciation: [ˈliːliəntaːl]; Low German: Leendaal, Lelendaal) is a municipality in the administrative district of Osterholz, Lower Saxony, Germany. It borders Bremen (Free Hanseatic City of Bremen).
HMS Preston
Three ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Preston:

English ship Preston was a 40-gun ship launched in 1653. She was renamed HMS Antelope on the restoration in 1660 and was sold in 1693.

HMS Preston was a 48-gun fourth rate launched in 1698 as HMS Salisbury. She was captured by the French in 1703, retaken in 1708 and renamed HMS Preston in 1716. She was rebuilt in 1742, hulked in 1748 and broken up in 1749.

HMS Preston (1757) was a 50-gun fourth rate launched in 1757. She was converted to a sheer hulk in 1785 and was broken up in 1815.

English ship Preston (1653)
The Preston was a 40-gun fourth-rate frigate of the English Royal Navy, originally built for the navy of the Commonwealth of England at Woodbridge, and launched in 1653.

After the Restoration of the monarchy in 1660, her name was changed to Antelope. By 1677 her armament had been increased to 48 guns.

In 1681 James Story, captain of Antelope, conducted a census of the Avalon colony (now Ferryland, Newfoundland) and on 1 September 1681, wrote An Account of what fishing Ships, Sack Ships, Planters and Boatkeepers from Trepassey to Bonavista...

Antelope was sold out of the navy in 1693.
Schinia nuchalis
Schinia nuchalis, the spotted sage moth, is a moth of the family Noctuidae. The species was first described by Augustus Radcliffe Grote in 1878. It is found from the Great Plains and Great Basin, from southern Saskatchewan, Alberta and British Columbia south to northern Arizona. The Eurasian Schinia scutosa is no longer considered a synonym of Schinia nuchalis.

The wingspan is 31–32 mm. Adults are on wing in July depending on the location.

The larvae feed on Artemisia dracunculus, Artemisia campestris and possibly other sages.

Augustus Radcliffe Grote
Augustus Radcliffe Grote (February 7, 1841 – September 12, 1903) was a British entomologist who described over 1,000 species of butterflies and moths. He is best known for his work on North American Noctuidae. A number of species were named after him, including the moth Horama grotei.
Vuhledar
Vuhledar (Ukrainian: Вугледар, IPA: [wʊɦleˈdɑr] ⓘ; Russian: Угледар, romanized: Ugledar, IPA: [ʊɡlʲɪˈdar]), is a city in Volnovakha Raion, Donetsk Oblast, eastern Ukraine. It is the administrative center of Vuhledar urban hromada. At the beginning of 2022, its population was 14,144.

Vuhledar is a coal mining city in the cultural and economic Donbas region of eastern Ukraine, with its origins in the 1960s development of the coal industry in the region. It was planned to be a major economic center, but failed to meet expectations, and has remained a minor economic node in the 21st century.

For more than two years beginning in March 2022 during the Russian invasion of Ukraine, Vuhledar was the site of fighting. The battle for the city almost completely destroyed and depopulated it, with reportedly less than 500 civilians remaining in the city in early 2023. The city has been under Russian occupation since October 2024.

Volnovakha Raion
Volnovakha Raion (Ukrainian: Волноваський район, romanized: Volnovas'kyj rajon) is one of the eight raions (administrative districts) of Donetsk Oblast, in southeastern Ukraine. Its administrative center is in the city of Volnovakha. The raion's population is 139,014 (2022 estimate).
Walter Curley
Walter Joseph Patrick Curley Jr. (September 17, 1922 – June 2, 2016) was the 57th United States Ambassador to France from 1989 to 1993, and the United States Ambassador to Ireland from 1975 to 1977. Curley was New York City's Commissioner of Public Events and Chief of Protocol from 1973 to 1974, during the administrations of John Lindsay and Abraham Beame.

Abraham Beame
Abraham David Beame (né Birnbaum; March 20, 1906 – February 10, 2001) was an English-born American accountant, investor, and Democratic Party politician who served from 1974 to 1977 as the 105th mayor of New York City. Beame presided over the city during the 1975 New York City fiscal crisis, when the city was almost forced to declare bankruptcy.
1988 Geneva Open – Doubles
Ricardo Acioly and Luiz Mattar were the defending champions, but Acioly did not participate this year.  Mattar partnered Ronnie Båthman, losing in the semifinals.

Mansour Bahrami and Tomáš Šmíd won the title, defeating Gustavo Luza and Guillermo Pérez Roldán 6–4, 6–3 in the final.

Ronnie Båthman
Ronnie Båthman (born 24 April 1959) is a former professional tennis player from Sweden. He enjoyed most of his tennis success while playing doubles.  During his career, he won three doubles titles and finished as a runner-up four times. He achieved a career-high doubles ranking of world No. 38 in 1992.
Autio
Autio is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Aino Autio (1932–2022), Finnish sprinter

Asko Autio (born 1953), Finnish cross-country skier

Kaarina Autio (1941–2013), Finnish gymnast

Karen Autio, Finnish-Canadian writer

Lela Autio (1927–2016), American painter and sculptor

Narelle Autio (born 1969), Australian photographer

Rudy Autio (1926–2007), American sculptor

Veli Autio (1909–1993), Finnish rower

Lela Autio
Lela Autio (April 12, 1927 – January 23, 2016)  was a modernist painter and sculptor from Great Falls, Montana, notable as a co-founder of the Archie Bray Foundation in Helena, Montana, and of the Missoula Art Museum
Thomas Grantham (Baptist)
Thomas Grantham (January 1634 – 17 January 1692) was an English General Baptist divine (theologian), minister, and author. Grantham was one of the leading theologians for English Baptists and made petitions on behalf of the Baptist tenets, having access to King Charles II, in 17th century England.

Divinity (academic discipline)
Divinity is the study of Christian theology and ministry at a school, divinity school, university, or seminary.  The term is sometimes a synonym for theology as an academic, speculative pursuit, and sometimes is used for the study of applied theology and ministry to make a distinction between that and academic theology.

While it most often refers to Christian study which is linked with the professional degrees for ordained ministry or related work, it is also used in an academic setting by other faith traditions. For example, in many traditional British public schools and universities, the term is often used in place of Religious Studies, which deals with religion more broadly, to describe classes that include theology and philosophy in the context of religion as a whole, rather than just the Christian tradition.
Secretly (Skunk Anansie song)
"Secretly" is a song by Skunk Anansie and the second single from their third studio album, Post Orgasmic Chill (1999). It was released on 10 May 1999. CD1 comes with an interactive element featuring the video. The song was played during the closing credits to the film Cruel Intentions and is included on the film's soundtrack album. The video for the single drew heavily on the film. It charted at number 16 on the UK Singles Chart, number eight in Italy, and number two in Iceland.

Cruel Intentions
Cruel Intentions is a 1999 American teen romantic drama film written and directed by Roger Kumble, and starring Ryan Phillippe, Sarah Michelle Gellar, Reese Witherspoon, and Selma Blair. The film, set in New York City among rich high schoolers, is a modern retelling of Pierre Choderlos de Laclos' 1782 novel Les Liaisons dangereuses.

Initially a smaller-budget independent film, it was picked up by Columbia Pictures and widely released on March 5, 1999. Despite mixed critical reviews, the performances of Gellar, Philippe, and Witherspoon were praised and the film grossed $75.9 million worldwide. Since its release, the film has become regarded as a cult classic.

Its box office success spawned a media franchise with a prequel in 2000 and a standalone sequel in 2004, as well as a jukebox musical in 2015 and a 2024 television series.
Duke University Hospital
Duke University Hospital is a 1062
-bed acute care facility and an academic tertiary care facility located in Durham, North Carolina, United States. Established in 1930, it is the flagship teaching hospital for the Duke University Health System, a network of physicians and hospitals serving Durham County and Wake County, North Carolina, and surrounding areas, as well as one of three Level I referral centers for the Research Triangle of North Carolina (the other two are UNC Hospitals in nearby Chapel Hill and WakeMed Raleigh in Raleigh). It is affiliated with the Duke University School of Medicine.

Chapel Hill, North Carolina
Chapel Hill is a town in the counties of Orange and Durham, North Carolina, United States. Its population was 61,960 in the 2020 United States census, making Chapel Hill the 17th-most populous municipality in the state. Chapel Hill and Durham make up the Durham–Chapel Hill, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area, which had an estimated population of 608,879 in 2023. When it is combined with Raleigh, the state capital, they make up the corners of the Research Triangle (officially the Raleigh–Durham–Cary, NC Combined Statistical Area), which had an estimated population of 2,368,947 in 2023.

The town was founded in 1793 and is centered on Franklin Street, covering 21.3 square miles (55 km2). It contains several districts and buildings listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and UNC Health Care are a major part of the economy and town influence. Local artists have created many murals in the town.
2018 Inter-Provincial Cup
The 2018 Inter-Provincial Cup was the sixth edition of the Inter-Provincial Cup, a List A cricket competition played in Ireland. It was held from 28 May to 9 September 2018. It is the second edition of the competition to be played with List A status. Leinster Lightning were the defending champions.

In the second match of the tournament, between Leinster Lightning and Northern Knights, Simi Singh and George Dockrell of Leinster Lightning set a new record partnership in List A cricket for the seventh wicket, with 215 runs.

Leinster Lightning retained their title, after beating North West Warriors by 58 runs in the final match of the tournament.

Inter-Provincial Cup
The Inter-Provincial Cup is a limited-overs cricket tournament in Ireland between the four leading cricketing provinces of Ireland.

The tournament was held for the first time in 2013 across venues in both Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. Up to and including the 2016 tournament, the matches were not given List A status. However, at an International Cricket Council (ICC) meeting in October 2016, List A status was awarded to all future matches.
Afterglow Miami Ink
Afterglow Miami Ink (born June 15, 2015) received Crufts Best in Show title by Judge Jeff Horswell on March 12, 2017. The American Cocker Spaniel is handled and co-owned by Blackpool resident Jason Lynn and Rui Jorge Da Silva. He was bred by Michael Gadsby and Jason Lynn, who were the first to have ever bred two Crufts Best In Show winners (the other one being Ch/Am Ch Afterglow Maverick Sabre in the 2014 Best In Show competition). The dog does not have the typical gundog characteristics and as such his unconventional breeding “software” was criticized. Over 22,000 dogs – from 56 countries – competed in the four-day event which was held at the Birmingham NEC arena and was attended by around 160,000 dog lovers/owners. Other wins Afterglow Miami Ink has include: 8 March 1 place at Crufts in Group and Best in Show and 4th place (in breed and group) at the World Dog Show in Germany. In 2018 he retired and fathered four puppies.

Gun dog
Gun dogs (gundogs) or bird dogs  are types of hunting dogs developed to assist hunters in finding and retrieving game, typically various fowls that are shot down on the wing (in flight). The term hunting dog is broad and includes all breeds and skills of hunting canines, but "gun dogs" refers to canines that are trained to work alongside a loud firearm while hunting or retrieving game. Gun dogs are divided into three main categories: pointers and setters, retrievers, and spaniels.
Musso, Lombardy
Musso (Comasco: Muss [ˈmys]) is a small town in the Province of Como in the Italian region Lombardy. It lies on the western shore of the northern branch of Lake Como about 35 kilometres (22 mi) northeast of the city of Como. The comune of Musso, which includes the town itself and the surrounding area of lake and mountainside, extends over an area of 412 hectares (1,020 acres), with a minimum elevation of 199 metres (653 ft) and a maximum of 1,325 metres (4,347 ft) and has a population of 1,020. It borders the communes of Dongo to the north, Pianello del Lario to the south and Colico across the lake in the Province of Lecco.

The commune is a member of the Comunità Montana Alto Lario Occidentale.

Province of Lecco
The province of Lecco (Italian: provincia di Lecco; Lecchese: pruincia de Lecch) is a province in the Lombardy region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Lecco.

As of 2017, the province had a population of 337,211 on a surface of 805.61 square kilometers (311.05 sq mi) divided into 85 comuni (municipalities; sg.: comune).
2013 GP Ouest-France
The 2013 GP Ouest-France was the 77th edition of the GP Ouest-France, a single-day cycling race. It was held on 1 September 2013, over a distance of 243 km (151.0 mi), starting and finishing in Plouay, France. It was the twenty-fourth race of the 2013 UCI World Tour season.

The race was won by Lampre–Merida's Filippo Pozzato, Pozzato finished ahead RadioShack–Leopard's Giacomo Nizzolo and Ag2r–La Mondiale's Samuel Dumoulin, who completed the podium.

Plouay
Plouay (French pronunciation: [pluɛ]; Breton: Ploue) is a commune in the Morbihan department in Brittany in north-western France.

Plouay hosts the GP Ouest-France and the GP de Plouay, annual cycling races (a men's and women's race, respectively). It was also the location of the UCI Road World Championships in 2000. The Tour de France has visited this town three times: in 1998, 2002 and in 2006.
Katakura Kojūrō
Katakura Kojūrō (片倉 小十郎) was the common name of the head of the Japanese Katakura clan, who served as senior retainers to the Date clan. Following the Date clan's move into Sendai han, they were granted holdings at Shiroishi Castle (12,000 koku in total), which they held through the start of the Meiji Era. A chronologically arranged list of the generations of Edo-era Katakura Kojūrō (listed by their formal name) follows:

Katakura clan
The Katakura clan (片倉氏, Katakura-shi) is a Japanese family which claims its descent from Fujiwara no Toshihito by way of Katō Kagekado. The family entered Mutsu Province in the 14th century as subordinates of the Ōsaki clan. However, in 1532, they became retainers of the Date clan, and remained so until 1872. In the Sengoku era, the Katakura took part in all the major campaigns of the Date clan. The family's head, Katakura Kagetsuna, became renowned throughout the country, even receiving praise from Toyotomi Hideyoshi, who granted Kagetsuna a fief (thereby bypassing Kagetsuna's status as vassal to Date Masamune).

In the Edo period, the heads of the Katakura clan were hereditary karō in the Sendai Domain. Their personal fief was centered at Shiroishi Castle (modern-day Shiroishi, Miyagi).

Shigenobu Katakura, the current chief priest of Sendai's Aoba Shrine, is a direct descendant of this family.
WAUD
WAUD (1230 AM) is a radio station broadcasting a sports format. Licensed to Auburn, Alabama, United States, the station serves the Lee County, Alabama, area.  The station is currently owned by Tiger Communications. The station's official slogan is "The Voice of Auburn," and it has also been nicknamed "The Thousand-Watt Blowtorch" by past on-air personalities.

Paul Finebaum
Paul Finebaum (born July 26, 1955) is an American sports author, former columnist, and television-radio personality. His primary focus is sports in the Southeast United States. After Finebaum spent many years as a reporter, columnist, and sports talk radio host in the Birmingham, Alabama, area, ESPN hired him in 2013 as a personality on the new SEC Network. Finebaum produces a radio show out of the network's regional base in Charlotte, North Carolina.
Church Act 1836
The Church Act, also known as the Church Building Act, was a 1836 law in the Colony of New South Wales. It was drafted by John Plunkett and enacted by the Governor, Sir Richard Bourke. It was subtitled "An Act to promote the building of Churches and Chapels and to provide for the maintenance of Ministers of Religion in New South Wales."

The Act established equitable funding for Church of England, Church of Scotland, and Roman Catholic churches. It thus led to the effective disestablishment of the Church of England. Bourke later extended the provisions of the Act to Methodist and Baptist churches, as well as the Jewish community, the latter an object advocated in the Legislative Council by William Wentworth.

Colony of New South Wales
The Colony of New South Wales was a colony of the British Empire from 1788 to 1901, when it became a State of the Commonwealth of Australia. At its greatest extent, the colony of New South Wales included the present-day Australian states of New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria, Tasmania, and South Australia, the Northern Territory as well as New Zealand.

The first responsible self-government of New South Wales was formed on 6 June 1856 with Sir Stuart Alexander Donaldson appointed by Governor Sir William Denison as its first Colonial Secretary.