hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gémonval coal mines
The Gémonval coal mines are situated in eastern France, on the border between the departments of Haute-Saône and Doubs. The mines were operational for two distinct periods: the first between 1826 and 1847, following the granting of a concession, and the second in the 1940s by the Bureau of Geological and Geophysical Research (BRGG). These periods were interspersed with several attempts at revival. In the 1830s, the mine was subject to significant stock market speculation. The Gémonval keuper coal was used primarily for fueling boilers for concentrating brine from local saltworks, particularly at Mélecey, and for nearby forges. Additionally, the mines marketed pyrite from coal washing for the chemical industry.

At the beginning of the 21st century, vestiges of this activity, including mine entrances, spoil heaps, and ruins, still exist.

Chemical industry
The chemical industry comprises the companies and other organizations that develop and produce industrial, specialty and other chemicals. Central to the modern world economy, the chemical industry converts raw materials (oil, natural gas, air, water, metals, and minerals) into commodity chemicals for industrial and consumer products. It includes industries for petrochemicals such as polymers for plastics and synthetic fibers; inorganic chemicals such as acids and alkalis; agricultural chemicals such as fertilizers, pesticides and herbicides; and other categories such as industrial gases, speciality chemicals and pharmaceuticals.

Various professionals are involved in the chemical industry including chemical engineers, chemists and lab technicians.
Cas Spijkers
Caspar Henricus Augustinus (Cas) Spijkers (12 January 1946 in Tilburg – 29 October 2011 in Oirschot) was a Dutch head chef and author of several cookbooks. He is also known for his cooking program Koken met Sterren. In 1984, the cooking of Spijkers earned restaurant De Swaen two Michelin stars.

In 1980, Spijkers became head chef of De Swaen, resulting in a Michelin star in 1981. After Spijkers stepped back as head chef in 1998, the restaurant lost his star.

Tilburg
Tilburg (Dutch: [ˈtɪlbʏr(ə)x] ⓘ) is a city and municipality in the Netherlands, in the southern province of North Brabant. With a population of 229,833 (January 2, 2024), it is the second-largest city or municipality in North Brabant after Eindhoven and the seventh-largest in the Netherlands.

Tilburg University is located in Tilburg, as are Avans University of Applied Sciences and Fontys University of Applied Sciences.

There are three railway stations within the municipality: Tilburg, Tilburg Universiteit and Tilburg Reeshof. The 75-hectare (185-acre) "Spoorzone" area around Tilburg Central station, once a Dutch Railways train maintenance yard, has been purchased by the city and is being transformed into an urban zone.
Actinometer
An actinometer is an instrument that can measure the heating power of radiation. Actinometers are used in meteorology to measure solar radiation as pyranometers, pyrheliometers and net radiometers.

An actinometer is a chemical system or physical device which determines the number of
photons in a beam integrally or per unit time. This name is commonly
applied to devices used in the ultraviolet and visible wavelength ranges.
For example, solutions of iron(III) oxalate can be used as a chemical
actinometer, while bolometers, thermopiles, and photodiodes are physical
devices giving a reading that can be correlated to the number of photons
detected.

Power (physics)
Power is the amount of energy transferred or converted per unit time. In the International System of Units, the unit of power is the watt (symbol W), equal to one joule per second (J/s). Power is a scalar quantity.

The output power of a motor is the product of the torque that the motor generates and the angular velocity of its output shaft.  Likewise, the power dissipated in an electrical element of a circuit is the product of the current flowing through the element and of the voltage across the element.
Pál Szalay (athlete)
Pál Szalay (born 30 June 1892, date of death unknown) was a Hungarian track and field athlete, football player and manager.

At the 1912 Summer Olympics he competed in the 100 metres, the 4 × 100 metres relay and the long jump. He represented the sports clubs Kőbánya TE and from 1911 MTK Budapest, becoming Hungarian champion in the 100 and 220 yard sprint events in 1913. He also played football for MTK Budapest from 1910 to 1922, although his career was interrupted by service in World War I.

After retiring as a player and athlete, he was a football manager in Italy for almost three decades.

Athletics at the 1912 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres
The men's 100 metres was a track and field athletics event held as part of the Athletics at the 1912 Summer Olympics programme.  It was the fifth appearance of the event, which is one of 12 athletics events to have been held at every Summer Olympics. The competition was held on 6 July 1912 and on 7 July 1912. Seventy runners from 22 nations competed. NOCs could enter up to 12 athletes. The event was won by Ralph Craig of the United States, as the Americans swept the medals for a second time (previously having done so in 1904).
Mistress Quickly
Mistress Nell Quickly is a fictional character who appears in several plays by William Shakespeare. She is an inn-keeper, who runs the Boar's Head Tavern, at which Sir John Falstaff and his disreputable cronies congregate.

The character appears in four plays: Henry IV, Part 1, Henry IV, Part 2, Henry V and The Merry Wives of Windsor.

Inn
Inns are generally establishments or buildings where travelers can seek lodging, and usually, food and drink. Inns are typically located in the country or along a highway. Before the advent of motorized transportation, they also provided accommodation for horses.

An innkeeper is the person who runs an inn.
1968 French Open – Women's doubles
The women's doubles tournament at the 1968 French Open was held from 27 May to 9 June 1968 on the outdoor clay courts at the Stade Roland Garros in Paris, France. The second-seeded team of Françoise Dürr and Ann Jones won the title, defeating the first-seeded pair of Rosie Casals and Billie Jean King in the final in three sets.

Stade Roland Garros
Stade Roland Garros (French pronunciation: [stad ʁɔlɑ̃ ɡaʁos]; 'Roland Garros Stadium') is a complex of tennis courts, including stadiums, located in Paris that hosts the French Open. That tournament, also known as Roland Garros, is a major tennis championship played annually in late May and early June. The complex is named after Roland Garros (1888–1918), a pioneering French aviator, and was constructed in 1928 to host France's first defence of the Davis Cup.

The 13.5-hectare (34-acre) complex contains twenty courts, including three large-capacity stadiums; Les Jardins de Roland Garros, a large restaurant and bar complex; Le Village, the press and VIP area; France's National Training Centre (CNE); and the Tenniseum, a bilingual, multimedia museum of the history of tennis.
Machynlleth Comedy Festival
Machynlleth Comedy Festival (Welsh: Gŵyl Gomedi Machynlleth) is a three-day comedy festival held annually in Machynlleth, Wales. Although the town is home to only around 2,000 residents, in 2024 the festival drew in around four times that number of visitors. The festival, nicknamed "Mach Fest" by its supporters, is aimed as a testing ground for comedians to experiment with new material in the spring before the more intense Edinburgh Fringe Festival in August.

Media Wales
Media Wales Ltd. is a publishing company based in Cardiff, Wales. As of 2009 it was owned by Reach plc (formerly known as the Trinity Mirror Group). It was previously known as the Western Mail & Echo Ltd.
Josinaldo Branco
Josinaldo Lima dos Santos (born May 25, 1985), known as Josinaldo Branco or Branco, is a Brazilian footballer who plays as forward for Nacional–AM. He already played for national competitions such as Copa do Brasil, Campeonato Brasileiro Série D and Campeonato Brasileiro Série C.

Nacional Futebol Clube
Nacional Futebol Clube, commonly referred to as Nacional, is a Brazilian professional club based in Manaus, Amazonas founded on 13 January 1913. It competes in the Campeonato Brasileiro Série D, the fourth tier of Brazilian football, as well as in the Campeonato Amazonense, the top flight of the Amazonas state football league.
Ramiro Tobar
Ramiro Tobar (born 1 May 1944) is an Ecuadorian footballer. He played in five matches for the Ecuador national football team from 1973 to 1975. He was also part of Ecuador's squad for the 1975 Copa América tournament.

1975 Copa América
The 1975 edition of the Copa América football tournament was played between 17 July and 28 October. The tournament saw many significant shifts to its format, such as changing its name from South American Championship to Copa América and altering from a round-robin tournament to incorporating a group stage, a knockout round, and a final. Additionally all ten CONMEBOL countries participated for the first time, with defending champions Uruguay receiving a bye into the semi-finals and the rest starting in the group stage. For this tournament there was also no fixed venue, and all matches were played throughout the year in each country.
Mount Geikie (Canada)
Mount Geikie, pronounced like "geeky", is a 3,298-metre (10,820-foot) mountain summit located in Mount Robson Provincial Park in British Columbia, Canada. Situated 28 km (17 mi) southwest of Jasper near the Tonquin Valley, Mount Geikie is the highest peak of The Ramparts in the Canadian Rockies, one of the most beautiful mountain meccas in the world. Its nearest higher peak is Mount Fraser, 8.0 km (5.0 mi) to the southeast, and the Continental Divide lies 3.0 km (1.9 mi) to the east. Mount Geikie is composed of quartzite of the Cambrian period. This rock was pushed east and over the top of younger rock during the Laramide orogeny. The vertical wall of its north face is over 1,500-metre (4,900-foot) high, and has been compared to the other great north faces of the Canadian Rockies such as North Twin, Alberta, and Kitchener.

North Twin Peak
North Twin (Peak) is one of the two main peaks that comprise The Twins massif located at the northeast corner of the Columbia Icefield in Jasper National Park, Alberta, Canada. The other lower peak is named South Twin (3,566 m).  North Twin is the third-highest peak in the Canadian Rockies, after Mount Robson and Mount Columbia.

The massif was named The Twins in 1898 by J. Norman Collie and Hugh M. Stutfield.  The decision to name the peaks separately was approved February 28, 1980.

In addition to North Twin and South Twin, the massif contains a northern subpeak of North Twin known as Twins Tower, 3,627 m (11,900 ft) (see lower photo). This sits atop the famed north face of the massif (see below), and was named in 1984. Further, another subpeak in the massif is known as West Twin 3,360 m (11,024 ft), a picture of which can be found in the South Twin Gallery - access to this peak is from the north–south col.
Ephraim Kirby
Ephraim Kirby (February 23, 1757 – October 4, 1804) was an American Revolutionary War soldier, published the first volume of law reports in the United States, was the first General High Priest of the Royal Arch Masons of the United States, and was the first judge of the Superior Court of the Mississippi Territory.

Litchfield, Connecticut
Litchfield is a town in and former county seat of Litchfield County, Connecticut, United States. The population was 8,192 at the 2020 census. The town is part of the Northwest Hills Planning Region. The boroughs of Bantam and Litchfield are located within the town. There are also three unincorporated villages: East Litchfield, Milton, and Northfield. Northfield, located in the southeastern corner of Litchfield, is home to a high percentage of the Litchfield population.
A Love Like This
A Love Like This is a 2016 romantic drama directed by Chandran Rutnam.

The film, shot in the Seychelles, was the first fruit of the Africa Film Factory, established in 2014 to boost film-making collaboration in the Seychelles. Also involved in producing the film were the Southern African Broadcasting Association, Seychelles Broadcasting Corporation, High Street Riviera, Chandran Rutnam's Film Location Services and Golden Effects Pictures.

A Love Like This, starring Gabriel Afolayan, Shoki Mokgapa and Camila Estico, premiered in Mahé, Seychelles in July 2016.

Kunle Afolayan
Kunle Afolayan (listenⓘ) (born 30 September 1975) is a Nigerian actor, producer, and film director. He is credited for elevating the quality of Nollywood movies through larger budgets, shooting on 35mm, releasing in cinemas, and improving cliché Nollywood storylines.  His directing credits include the Aníkúlápó franchise, The Figurine, Phone Swap, October 1, and Citation.  Afolayan is the CEO of Golden Effects Pictures, a Nigerian film and production company incorporated in 2005.
Cleopatra the Alchemist
Cleopatra the Alchemist (Greek: Κλεοπάτρα; fl. c. 3rd century AD) was born and raised in Alexandria Egypt. She was an Egyptian alchemist, writer, and philosopher. She experimented with practical alchemy but is also credited as one of the four female alchemists who could produce the philosopher's stone. Some writers consider her to be the inventor of the alembic, a distillation apparatus.

Cleopatra the Alchemist appears to have been active in Alexandria in the 3rd century or 4th century A.D. She is associated with the school of alchemy typified by Mary the Jewess and Comarius. These alchemists used complex apparatus for distillation and sublimation.

Philosopher's stone
The philosopher's stone is a mythic alchemical substance capable of turning base metals such as lead and mercury into gold or  silver; it was also known as "the tincture" and "the powder" as well as "red lion" for gold and "white lion" for silver. Alchemists additionally believed that it could be used to make an elixir of life which made possible rejuvenation and immortality.

For many centuries, it was the most sought-after goal in alchemy. The philosopher's stone was the central symbol of the mystical terminology of alchemy, symbolizing perfection at its finest, divine illumination, and heavenly bliss. Efforts to discover the philosopher's stone were known as the Magnum Opus ("Great Work").
SS Laura (1908)
Laura was an 842 GRT coaster that was built in 1908 by Kjøbenhavns Flydedok & Skibsværft, Copenhagen, Denmark for Danish owners. She was captured in 1917 by UC-79 and passed to German owners as a prize of war.

A sale in 1935 saw her renamed Sylt. She was seized by the Allies in May 1945, passed to the Ministry of War Transport (MoWT) and was renamed Empire Continent., then Master Nicholas following a sale in 1947. In 1952, she was sold to Greece and renamed Soussana II. A further sale in 1955 saw her renamed Georgios Matsas.

On 18 April 1955, she struck a reef off Muros, Spain and sank. Although Georgios Matsas was refloated two months later, she was declared a constructive total loss. Despite this, she was sold to Panama, repaired and renamed Sur, serving until 1965 when she was scrapped.

Ministry of War Transport
The Ministry of War Transport (MoWT) was a department of the British Government formed early in the Second World War to control transportation policy and resources. It was formed by merging the Ministry of Shipping and the Ministry of Transport, bringing responsibility for both shipping and land transport to a single department, and easing problems of co-ordination of transport in wartime.

The MoWT was founded on 1 May 1941, when Lord Leathers was appointed Minister of War Transport. Following the general election of July 1945, Alfred Barnes was appointed Minister of War Transport, remaining in the post after the department was renamed the Ministry of Transport in April 1946.
Kristina Bedeč
Kristina Bedeč (Serbian Cyrillic: Кристина Бедеч, also transliterated Kristina Bedec, Hungarian: Bedőcs Krisztina, also transliterated Krisztina Bedoecs; born 20 November 1986) is a Serbian sprint canoer. After representing her country of birth, Hungary, she briefly competed for Austria, and since 2013 she is representing Serbia.

Her biggest successes in canoe sprint are winning the gold medal in women's K-1 1000 m at the 2016 Canoe Sprint European Championships and silver medal in the same discipline at the 2015 Canoe Sprint World Championships.

More recently, in canoe marathon, she has won a silver medal at the Canoe Marathon World Championships in 2019 and gold (and bronze) medal at the Canoe Marathon European Championships in 2021.

Canoe Marathon European Championships
The Canoe Marathon European Championships is an international canoe marathon event organised by the European Canoe Association. The first edition took place in 1995 and subsequent stagings were held every two years until 2013, after which it became an annual competition.
Mantellidae
The Mantellidae are an amphibian family of the order Anura (frogs and toads), and are endemic to the Indian Ocean islands of Madagascar and Mayotte. At first glance, the diminutive, brightly-coloured mantellas appear visually similar to (and indeed fill similar ecological niches as) the Latin American poison dart frogs, such as Dendrobates, Oophaga and Phyllobates, among others.

Oophaga
Oophaga is a genus of poison-dart frogs containing twelve species, many of which were formerly placed in the genus Dendrobates. The frogs are distributed in Central and South America, from Nicaragua south through the El Chocó to northern Ecuador (at elevations below 1,200 m (3,900 ft)). Their habitats vary with some species being arboreal while other being terrestrial, but the common feature is that their tadpoles are obligate egg feeders. Most species in this genus are seriously threatened and O. speciosa is already extinct.
Jack Firth
Jack Firth (27 June 1917 – 7 September 1981) was an English first-class cricketer, who played eight games for Yorkshire County Cricket Club in 1949 and 1950, and 223 matches for Leicestershire from 1951 to 1958. He also appeared in two games for the Minor Counties in 1950, and two more for the M.C.C. in 1954.

Born in Cottingley, Yorkshire, England, Firth was a specialist wicket-keeper. A right-handed lower order batsman, his best was an innings of 90 not out against Essex. He was awarded his Leicestershire cap in 1951, and his Leicestershire benefit season was held in 1958.

Benefit (sports)
A benefit is a match or season of activities granted by a sporting body to a loyal sportsman to boost their income before retirement. Often this is in the form of a match for which all the ticket proceeds are given to the player in question. However hosting one of these matches is a risk for the player in question as they are responsible for paying any relevant receipts and collects any excess income from the match, therefore income from such matches is more often than not reliant on attendance.

Sometimes, the "beneficiary" can opt to give part or all of the money to charity. An example of this is Paul Collingwood's 2007 benefit with Durham County Cricket Club. This may also occur when sportsmen unite for a cause, for example the Rafael Nadal vs Roger Federer "Match for Africa" (2010) where more than $2.6 million was raised for the Roger Federer Foundation, enabling children living in poverty to realise their potential.
Blair Horn
Blair Horn (born July 17, 1961) is a Canadian former rower, who was a member of the Canadian men's eights team that won the gold medal at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, California.

Born in Kelowna, British Columbia, Horn is a graduate of Brentwood College School in Mill Bay, British Columbia. A 1983 graduate of the University of Washington with a B.B.A. in 1984, he was also part of their rowing squad.

Horn was later admitted to Osgoode Hall Law School where he graduated with an LL.B. in 1987. He went on to practice law at Fasken Martineau DuMoulin.

Fasken
Fasken Martineau DuMoulin LLP (doing business as Fasken) is an international business law firm with approximately 925 lawyers and offices in Vancouver, Surrey, Calgary, Toronto, Ottawa, Montreal, Quebec City, London and Johannesburg. The firm traces its origins to a predecessor firm that was originally founded in 1863. On 29 November 2017, the firm announced that it was changing its brand name from Fasken Martineau to Fasken.
Derek Noonan
Derek Noonan (1 February 1947 – 1 May 2009) was an English rugby union and professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1970s and 1980s. He played club level rugby union (RU) for St Helens RUFC, as a wing, and representative level rugby league (RL) for England and Lancashire, and at club level for Warrington, St Helens and Fulham RLFC, as a centre.

Substitution (sport)
In team sports, substitution (or interchange) is replacing one player with another during a match.  Substitute players that are not in the starting lineup (also known as bench players, backups, interchange, or reserves) reside on the bench and are available to substitute for a starter. Later in the match, that substitute may be substituted for by another substitute or by a starter who is currently on the bench.

Free substitution or rolling substitution is a rule in some sports that allows players to enter and leave the game for other players many times during the course of a game, generally during a time-out or other break in live play; and for coaches to bring in and take out players an unlimited number of times. In other sports, limited substitution restricts the manner in which players can be replaced.
Qionglai Air Base
Qionglai Air Base(Chinese: 邛崃机场) is a People's Liberation Army Air Force (PLAAF) air base located in Qionglai of the city of Chengdu, the capital of the province of  Sichuan in  Southwestern China. This entire area is located in the northwestern part of the Sichuan Basin, not far from the foothills of the great Qionglai Mountains.

Based at the Qionglai Air Base is the 10th and 12 Air Regiments of the 4th Transport Air Division which fly Shaanxi Y-9 and Xi'an Y-20 military transport aircraft respectively.

The base is under the Western Theater Command.

Southwestern China
Southwestern China (Chinese: 西南; pinyin: Xīnán) is a region in the People's Republic of China. It consists of five provincial administrative regions, namely Chongqing, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, and Tibet.
Kosonen
Kosonen is a Finnish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Daniel Kosonen (born 2000), Finnish high jumper

Eetu Kosonen (1888–1953), Finnish gymnast

Hanna Kosonen (born 1976), Finnish skier and politician

Juho Kosonen (1888–1962), Finnish journalist and politician

Krista Kosonen (born 1983), Finnish actress

Silja Kosonen (born 2002), Finnish hammer thrower

Veikko Kosonen (1900–1971), Finnish politician

Vihtori Kosonen (1873–1934), Finnish journalist

Daniel Kosonen
Daniel Kosonen (born 17 September 2000) is a Finnish high jumper and volleyball player. He is a multiple-time national champion in the high jump. He made his major championship debut at the 2025 European Athletics Indoor Championships.