hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Wirtgen Group
Wirtgen Group is an internationally operating German company in the construction industry. The company's core business is the development and production of machinery for road construction and maintenance.

Wirtgen Group employs around 9,000 people around the world and its annual turnover is around €3 billion. It also has local manufacturing plants in Brazil, China, and India, 55 distribution and service offices and over 150 authorized dealers around the globe.

Windhagen
Windhagen is a Municipality in the district of Neuwied, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Its former mayor used to be the oldest German Mayor, at 94 years old when he finally retired.

Windhagen consists of the following villages:
Bobby Voelker
Robert "Bobby" James Voelker (born April 26, 1979) is an American professional mixed martial artist competing in their Welterweight division. A professional competitor since 2006, Voelker has formerly competed for the UFC, Bellator MMA, Strikeforce, M-1 Global, and Titan FC.

Strikeforce (mixed martial arts)
Strikeforce was an American mixed martial arts and kickboxing organization based in San Jose, California, that operated from 1985 to 2013. It was headed by CEO Scott Coker.

Its live events and competitions have been shown on CBS, debuting on November 7, 2009, and Showtime in the United States. Internationally, Strikeforce events have been broadcast Super Channel in Canada, Primetime in the United Kingdom, SKY PerfecTV! in Japan, HBO Plus in Brazil, Space in Latin America and the Caribbean, and on the American Forces Network.

In early 2011, Strikeforce was purchased by American Ultimate Fighting Championship owner Zuffa LLC, which eventually closed the promotion and brought the remaining fighter contracts into the UFC roster.
Nickelodeon Rewind
Nickelodeon Rewind is a spin-off brand of Nickelodeon consisting of DVDs, digital downloads, television blocks, T-shirts, and other merchandise having to do with programs formerly aired on the channel. Beginning in June 2010, Nickelodeon Rewind was featured as a part of Comcast On Demand programming, with a lineup that features Nicktoons that aired in the 1990s and 2000s. Select episodes of The Angry Beavers, Hey Arnold!, Rugrats, The Fairly OddParents and Doug, are available.

CatDog
CatDog is an American animated sitcom created by Peter Hannan for Nickelodeon. The series follows the zany hijinks of orange-furred conjoined brothers of different species, with one half of the resultant animal being a cat and the other a dog. Nickelodeon produced the series from Burbank, California. The first episode aired on April 4, 1998, following the 1998 Kids' Choice Awards, before the series officially premiered on October 5, 1998. Similarly, the Season 2 episode "Fetch" was shown in theaters in 1998 before airing on television.

The series ended on June 15, 2005, after a total of four seasons and 66 aired episodes over seven years, plus two produced episodes that never aired. It was produced by Nickelodeon Animation Studio and Peter Hannan Productions and was released on DVD in Region 1 by Shout! Factory.

Two animation studios, Saerom Animation and Rough Draft Studios through Rough Draft Korea, worked on the animation for the series.
Denaturation midpoint
Denaturation midpoint of a protein is defined as the temperature (Tm) or concentration of denaturant (Cm) at which both the folded and unfolded states are equally populated at equilibrium (assuming two-state protein folding). Tm is often determined using a thermal shift assay.

If the widths of the folded and unfolded wells are assumed to be equal both these states will have identical free energies at the midpoint. However, for natural proteins this is not the case. There is an inherent asymmetry as evidenced by the difference in heat capacities between them - the folded ensemble has a lower heat capacity (in other words, lower fluctuations thus indicating a narrower well) than the unfolded ensemble. This would mean that the free energy of the folded state is lower at the denaturation midpoint than the unfolded state. In such a scenario, the temperature at which both the wells have identical free energies is termed the characteristic temperature (To).

Concentration
In chemistry, concentration is the abundance of a constituent divided by the total volume of a mixture. Several types of mathematical description can be distinguished: mass concentration, molar concentration, number concentration, and volume concentration. The concentration can refer to any kind of chemical mixture, but most frequently refers to solutes and solvents in solutions. The molar (amount) concentration has variants, such as normal concentration and osmotic concentration. Dilution is reduction of concentration, e.g., by adding solvent to a solution. The verb "to concentrate" means to increase concentration, the opposite of dilute.
Marxist Workers' School
Marxist Workers' School (German: Marxistische Arbeiterschule) (MASCH) was an educational institute founded in the winter of 1925 in Berlin, by the Berlin city office of the Communist Party of Germany (KPD). Its function was to enable workers to learn the basics of proletarian life and struggle, to teach the basic tenets of Marxism. It was co-founded by Hermann Duncker, Johann Lorenz Schmidt and Eduard Alexander. Hermann Duncker became the director of school. The school became very successful and by 1930, it had 4000 students in 200 courses, which prompted KPD officials to build 30 other schools in German cities e.g. Dresden and Chemnitz. After the seizure of power by the National Socialists in the spring of 1933, the schools were closed.

Willi Münzenberg
Wilhelm Münzenberg (14 August 1889 – June 1940) was a German Communist activist and publisher who served as the first head of the Young Communist International from 1919 to 1921 and as a member of the Reichstag from 1924 to 1933. He also founded the famine relief and propaganda organization Workers International Relief in 1921.

He was a leading propagandist for the Communist Party of Germany (KPD) during the Weimar Era, but later grew disenchanted with the USSR due to Joseph Stalin's Great Purge of the 1930s. Condemned by Stalin to be purged and arrested for treason, Münzenberg left the KPD and in Paris became a leader of the German émigré anti-fascism and anti-Stalinist community until forced to flee the Nazi advance into France in 1940. Arrested and imprisoned by the Daladier government in France, he escaped prison camp only to be found dead a few months later in a forest near the commune of Saint-Marcellin, France. Walter Laqueur described him as "a cultural impresario of genius".
Demarest, New Jersey
Demarest is a borough in Bergen County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 4,981, an increase of 100 (+2.0%) from the 2010 census count of 4,881, which in turn reflected an increase of 36 (+0.7%) from the 4,845 counted in the 2000 census. Located in the northeastern corner of New Jersey and its Gateway Region, Demarest is part of the New York City Metropolitan Area.

Demarest was formed by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on April 8, 1903, from portions of Harrington Township and Palisades Township. The borough was named for the Demarest family and for the Demarest train station, which had in turn been named for Ralph S. Demarest, who was a director of the Northern Railroad of New Jersey that built the station and represented the area in both the New Jersey General Assembly and the New Jersey Senate in the mid-19th century.

County Route 501 (New Jersey)
County Route 501 (CR 501) is a county highway in New Jersey in two segments spanning Middlesex, Hudson, and Bergen counties.  The southern segment runs from South Plainfield to Perth Amboy, the northern segment runs from Bayonne to Rockleigh, and the two segments are connected by NY 440 across Staten Island.

The New Jersey Department of Transportation lists CR 501 as a single highway with a length of 53.0 miles (85.3 km), which includes both road sections and the connection along NY 440.
2016 Okolo Slovenska
The 2016 Okolo Slovenska (English: Tour of Slovakia) was a six-day cycling stage race that took place in Slovakia in June 2016. The race is the 60th edition of the Okolo Slovenska. It was rated as a 2.2 event as part of the 2016 UCI Europe Tour. The race included five stages+Prologue, starting in Banská Bystrica on 7 June and returning there for the finish on 12 June in Piešťany.

Zuberec
Zuberec (Hungarian: Bölényfalu) is a village in northern Slovakia and a popular tourist center at the foothills of the Western Tatras. Zuberec features numerous accommodation facilities, restaurants, museum and a tourist information office.

The village is the place of several cultural and sporting events including Podroháčske folklórne slávnosti (folk festival), Goralský klobúčik (alpine skiing), Oravaman (triathlon) and WSA Eurocup Zuberec (dogsled racing).
Gösta Bagge
Gösta Adolfsson Bagge (27 May 1882 – 3 January 1951) was a Swedish economist and politician who served as Minister of Education during World War II from 1939 to 1944. He succeeded Arvid Lindman as leader of the General Electoral League in 1935 and represented Stockholm in both chambers of the Riksdag from 1932 to 1947.

Minister for Education (Sweden)
The Minister for Education (Swedish: utbildningsminister) is the education minister of Sweden and the head of the Ministry of Education and Research.

The current minister for education is Simona Mohamsson of the Liberals.
Agave sileri
Agave sileri (synonym Manfreda sileri) is a species of Agave known only from coastal areas in the States of Texas and Tamaulipas. It grows on open locations with clay soil, at elevations below 100 m (330 feet). Siler's tuberose is a common name.

Agave sileri is a perennial herb spreading by means of globose underground rhizomes. It produces rosettes of waxy, light green leaves mottled with dark green or brown spots. The flowering stalk can reach a height of up to 220 cm (7.2 feet), with as many as 80 greenish-yellow flowers bearing large yellow anthers.

Rosette (botany)
In botany, a rosette is a circular arrangement of leaves or of structures resembling leaves.

In flowering plants, rosettes usually sit near the soil, but they can also be at the top of an otherwise leafless branch or trunk. Their structure is an example of a modified stem in which the internode gaps between the leaves do not expand, so that all the leaves remain clustered tightly together and at a similar height. Some insects induce the development of galls that are leafy rosettes.

In bryophytes and algae, a rosette results from the repeated branching of the thallus as the plant grows, resulting in a circular outline.
Metrobus (Washington, D.C.)
Metrobus is a bus service operated by the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA), serving Washington, D.C. and parts of Maryland and Virginia in the Washington metropolitan area. Metrobus operates local, limited-stop, and bus rapid transit services within its service area, complementing the Washington Metro and multiple independent bus operators. Its fleet consists of 1,595 buses, covering an area of 1,500 square miles (3,900 km2).

Metrobus began operation in 1973, as the successor to four failing privately owned bus companies. In 2025, the system had a ridership of 118,749,200, or about 360,400 per weekday as of the fourth quarter of 2025.

Amalgamated Transit Union
The Amalgamated Transit Union (ATU) is a labor organization in the United States and Canada that represents employees in the public transit industry. Established in 1892 as the Amalgamated Association of Street Railway Employees of America, the union was centered primarily in the Eastern United States; as of 2020, ATU has had over 200,000 members throughout the United States and Canada.
Ytre Østfold
Ytre Østfold is the "outer" area of Østfold county (Norway) that has a fjord or coastal line, or is a part of the hughe city area in the southern part of the county. (also known as the Nedre Glomma region because it is at the end of Norway's longest river Glomma)

Glomma
The Glomma or Glåma is Norway's longest and most voluminous river. With a total length of 621 kilometres (386 miles), it has a drainage basin that covers 13% of Norway's surface area, all in the southern part of the country.
Zilla Parishad High School
Zilla Parishad High School (ZPHS) is a type of state-run secondary school in India. These schools are established, supervised, and funded by the District Councils of India (locally known as Zilla Parishad, district level local authorities of states). ZP High Schools provide education for students from grades 6-10 of the Secondary School Certificate.

Secondary School Certificate
Secondary School Certificate (SSC),  Secondary School Leaving Certificate (SSLC) or Matriculation examination, is a public examination in Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, Maldives and Nepal conducted by educational boards for the successful completion of the secondary education exam in these countries. Students of 10th grade/class ten can appear in these. It is equivalent to the year 10 of the GCSE in England or the first two years of high schools in United States.
Leandro Damião
Leandro Damião da Silva dos Santos (Brazilian Portuguese: [leˈɐ̃dɾu daˈmjɐ̃w]; born 22 July 1989), known as Leandro Damião or simply Damião, is a Brazilian former professional footballer who played as a striker. He has been capped at international level by Brazil.

Campeonato Gaúcho
The Campeonato Gaúcho (English: Gaúcho Championship), officially named as Campeonato Gaúcho de Futebol Série A and commonly known as the Gauchão or the Gauchão Ipiranga for sponsorship reasons, is the top-flight professional state football league in the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul. It is run by the Rio Grande do Sul Football Federation (FGF).

The rivalry of two of the better-known Brazilian teams (Grêmio and Internacional) have a significant impact in the history of the tournament. Since 1940, the Grenal duo have won the title on all but four occasions: the defunct Renner was champion in 1954, Juventude almost 44 years later in 1998, Caxias, in 2000, under Tite's command, and Novo Hamburgo in 2017.

Internacional is the biggest winner of the competition, with 46 titles, followed by Grêmio with 43 titles and Guarany of Bagé with two titles.
1954 NASCAR Grand National Series
Sports portal

The 1954 NASCAR Grand National season consisted of 37 races from February 1, 1954, and to November 1. Lee Petty, driving for Petty Enterprises,  won the championship, his first of three in the series.

Marvin Panch
Marvin Emil Panch (May 28, 1926 – December 31, 2015) was an American stock car racing driver. Winner of the 1961 Daytona 500 and 1966 World 600, he won seventeen NASCAR Grand National Series events during a 17-year career.
Satake Yoshitada
Satake Yoshitada (佐竹義格; January 25, 1695 – August 17, 1715)  was the 4th daimyō of Kubota Domain in Dewa Province, Japan (modern-day Akita Prefecture), and then 22nd hereditary chieftain of the Satake clan. His courtesy title was Daizen-no-taifu and Jijū and his Court rank was Junior Fourth Rank, Lower Grade.

Kokushi (official)
Kokushi (国司; also read Kuni no tsukasa) were provincial officials in Classical Japan. They were nobles sent from the central government in Kyoto to oversee a province, a system that was established as part of the Taika Reform in 645, and enacted by the Ritsuryō system. There were four classes of kokushi, from the highest to the lowest: Kami (守), Suke (介), Jō (掾), and Sakan (目). In the Middle Ages, an acting governor called mokudai, the daikan of the kokushi, took over the local government of the province, while the kokushi returned to the capital to take on a supervising role.
Ragged Kingdom
Ragged Kingdom is a 2011 album by June Tabor and Oysterband. Tabor and Oysterband had collaborated previously on the 1990 album Freedom and Rain. The majority of the tracks are interpretations of traditional folk songs but also includes covers of Joy Division's "Love Will Tear Us Apart", Bob Dylan's "Seven Curses" PJ Harvey's "That Was My Veil" and the Dan Penn & Chips Moman soul standard "Dark End of the Street".

The album was warmly received with Robin Denselow of The Guardian giving it a 5 star review. The album went on to top fRoots magazine year end poll as best album of 2011.

Love Will Tear Us Apart
"Love Will Tear Us Apart" is a song by the English rock band Joy Division, released in June 1980 as a non-album single. Its lyrics were inspired by lead singer Ian Curtis' marital problems and struggles with epilepsy. The single was released one month after Curtis' suicide.

"Love Will Tear Us Apart" reached number one in New Zealand and was certified double platinum in the United Kingdom, selling and streaming over 1,200,000 units. The song has an ongoing legacy as a defining song of the era. In 2002, NME named "Love Will Tear Us Apart" as the greatest single of all time, while Rolling Stone named it one of the 500 greatest songs ever in 2004, 2010, and 2021.
Weddell Glacier
Weddell Glacier (54°35′S 36°0′W﻿ / ﻿54.583°S 36.000°W﻿ / -54.583; -36.000) is a glacier 2 nautical miles (3.7 km) long on the north side of South Georgia, flowing north into Royal Bay between Will Point and Cape Charlotte. First mapped by the German group of the International Polar Year Investigations, 1882–83, and named for James Weddell, Master, Royal Navy, who as a sealing captain visited South Georgia in 1823.

International Polar Year
The International Polar Years (IPY) are collaborative, international efforts with intensive research focus on the polar regions. Karl Weyprecht, an Austro-Hungarian naval officer, motivated the endeavor in 1875, but died before it first occurred in 1882–1883. Fifty years later (1932–1933) a second IPY took place. The International Geophysical Year was inspired by the IPY and was organized 75 years after the first IPY (1957–58). The fourth, and most recent, IPY covered two full annual cycles from March 2007 to March 2009.
S. Venkitaramanan
Sri Venkitaramanan (28 January 1931 – 18 November 2023) was an Indian civil servant and economist who served as the 18th governor of the Reserve Bank of India between 1990 and 1992, where he oversaw India's actions to tide over the balance of payments crisis. His actions were noted to have helped the country out of the crisis when its foreign-exchange reserves had almost depleted and helped usher in the country's economic liberalisation programme in the early 1990s.

He earlier served as the finance secretary in India's Ministry of Finance, from 1985 to 1989.

Finance Secretary (India)
The Finance Secretary (ISO: Vitta Saciv) is the administrative head of the Ministry of Finance. This post is held by senior IAS officer of the rank of Secretary to Government of India.

Under Section 22, of Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934, Finance Secretary signs the 1-rupee note.

As a Secretary to Government of India, the Finance Secretary ranks 23rd on Indian Order of Precedence.
Karasuk (inhabited locality)
Karasuk (Russian: Карасук) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.

Urban localities

Karasuk, Novosibirsk Oblast, a town in Karasuksky District, Novosibirsk Oblast

Rural localities

Karasuk, Altai Krai, a selo in Kokshinsky Selsoviet of Sovetsky District of Altai Krai

Karasuk, Altai Republic, a selo in Kyzyl-Ozekskoye Rural Settlement of Mayminsky District of the Altai Republic

Karasuk, Republic of Khakassia, a village in Bolsheyerbinsky Selsoviet of Bogradsky District of the Republic of Khakassia

Khakassia
Khakassia (/xəˈkæsiə, kə-/), officially the Republic of Khakassia, is a republic of Russia located in southern Siberia. It is situated between Krasnoyarsk Krai to the north and the Altai Republic to the south.

The capital city of Khakassia is Abakan, and the region covers an area of about 61,900 square kilometres (23,900 sq mi). The population of Khakassia is approximately 537,000 people, with the majority of the population living in urban areas.

The region is known for its natural beauty, with numerous rivers, lakes, and mountains. The Khakassky Nature Reserve is located in the region, and it is home to a wide variety of wildlife, including brown bears, wolves, and sable. The region is also known for its traditional crafts, such as woodworking and embroidery, and for its traditional festivals and celebrations.

On July 3, 1991, the region was transformed into an autonomous republic within the RSFSR. It has had its current name since the beginning of 1992.
Okinawa Open
The Asia Japan Okinawa Open was a men's professional golf tournament that was co-sanctioned by the Asian Tour and the Japan Golf Tour. It was played each December from 2002 to 2005 and counted as the first official money event of the following season for both tours, that is for example the 2005 event was part of the 2006 season. The prize fund was US$830,000 each of the first two years.

Japan Golf Tour
The Japan Golf Tour (Japanese: 日本ゴルフツアー機構) is a prominent professional golf tour. It was founded in 1973 and as of 2006, it offered the third-highest annual prize fund out of the regular (that is not for seniors) men's professional tours after the PGA Tour and the European Tour. However, since the early 1990s, the growth in prize money has not kept pace with that on the two larger tours. Official events on the Japan Golf Tour count for Official World Golf Ranking points and success on the tour can also qualify members to play in the majors.
Županovice (Jindřichův Hradec District)
Županovice is a municipality and village in Jindřichův Hradec District in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 50 inhabitants.

Županovice lies approximately 43 kilometres (27 mi) south-east of Jindřichův Hradec, 75 km (47 mi) east of České Budějovice, and 148 km (92 mi) south-east of Prague.

Jindřichův Hradec
Jindřichův Hradec (Czech pronunciation: [ˈjɪndr̝ɪxuːf ˈɦradɛts] ⓘ; German: Neuhaus) is a town in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 21,000 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument reservation.
General Lee (car)
The General Lee (sometimes referred to as simply "the General") is an orange 1969 Dodge Charger driven in the television series The Dukes of Hazzard by the characters the Duke boys, Bo and Luke, along with cousins Coy and Vance (in season 5). It is known for its signature horn, its police chases, stunts—especially its long jumps—and for having its doors welded shut, leaving the Dukes to climb in and out through the windows. The car appears in every episode but one ("Mary Kaye's Baby"). The car's name is a reference to Robert E. Lee, general of the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War. It bears a Confederate battle flag on its roof, and also has a horn which plays the first 12 notes of the song "Dixie".

The idea for the General Lee was developed from the bootlegger Jerry Rushing's car, which was named for Lee's favorite horse, Traveller. Traveller was also the name of the car in Moonrunners, the 1975 movie precursor to The Dukes of Hazzard.

Traveller (horse)
Traveller (1857–1871) was Confederate General Robert E. Lee's most famous horse during the American Civil War. He was a gray American Saddlebred of 16 hands (64 inches, 163 cm), notable for speed, strength and courage in combat. Lee acquired him in February 1862 and rode him in many battles. Traveller outlived Lee by only a few months and was put down when he contracted untreatable tetanus.