hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Diplotaxis (plant)
Diplotaxis (wall-rocket) is a genus of 39 species of flowering plants in the family Brassicaceae (Cruciferae), native to Europe, the Mediterranean region, Macaronesia, Western Asia, the Himalayas, and northeastern tropical Africa; the species diversity is highest in the Iberian Peninsula, North Africa and the Cape Verde archipelago. They are annual or perennial plants, either herbaceous or sub-shrubby with a woody base. The flowers are yellow in most species, but are white in Diplotaxis erucoides and violet in Diplotaxis acris. Some species, such as Diplotaxis tenuifolia and Diplotaxis muralis, have been historically used as leaf vegetables, are similar to Eruca sativa in their peppery flavour, and are used interchangeably with it.

Eruca sativa
Eruca sativa (also known as rocket, eruca, or arugula) is an edible annual plant in the family Brassicaceae. Other common names include salad rocket, garden rocket, colewort, roquette, ruchetta, rucola, rucoli, and rugula.

E. sativa is native to the Mediterranean and Asia. Its commonality and sharp flavor make it widely popular as a leaf vegetable, including in salads.
Loizaga–Cotegipe Treaty
The Loizaga–Cotegipe Treaty was a treaty of peace and borders signed in Asunción on 9 January 1872 between Paraguay and Brazil. It established the boundaries between the two countries after Paraguay's defeat in the Paraguayan War.

The treaty was signed by Carlos Loizaga and João Maurício Vanderlei, Baron of Cotegipe. The treaty gave Brazil all the territories north of the Apa River that it had claimed before the war, a total of 62,325 square kilometres (24,064 sq mi). Ambiguity over the exact borderline between the two nations later led to dispute over the ownership of Guaíra Falls.

Despite its obligations under the Treaty of the Triple Alliance towards Argentina and Uruguay, Brazil concluded the treaty with Paraguay separately. In response, Argentina occupied Villa Occidental, to enforce its claims in Gran Chaco.

Apa River
The Apa River (Spanish: Río Apa, Portuguese: Rio Apa) is a river of Paraguay and Brazil. It is a tributary of the Paraguay River, which in turn is a tributary of the Paraná River.  It starts in the Amambai Mountains of the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso do Sul.  The Apa forms part of the border between Paraguay and Brazil beginning at the twin cities of Bella Vista Norte and Bela Vista.

Its principle tributaries flow from the right, the most notable being the Arroyo Estrella, and the Pirapucu, Caracol, and Perdido rivers which flow from the Serra da Bodoquena.
LabelTag
LabelTag can create a circular label on the data side of any DVD+R, DVD-R, or CD-R disc containing basic information visible to the eye. When burning the data, the label is printed directly behind that data in the same recording session, and on normal recording speed on the same recording layer side. LabelTag works on any disc and does not require a special disc like LightScribe. As of June 2011, LabelTag was an exclusive technology of Lite-On for its DVD writer drives.

An older alternative disc labeling technique was DiscT@2. To record the label on the opposite or back side of the disc by the drive itself LightScribe and LabelFlash are current standards. Besides that, printing using an inkjet printer is currently widely used.

Universal Disk Format
Universal Disk Format (UDF) is an open, vendor-neutral file system for computer data storage for a broad range of media. In practice, it has been most widely used for DVDs and newer optical disc formats, supplanting ISO 9660. Due to its design, it is very well suited to incremental updates on both write-once and re-writable optical media. UDF was developed and maintained by the Optical Storage Technology Association (OSTA).

In engineering terms, Universal Disk Format is a profile of the specifications known as ISO/IEC 13346 and ECMA-167.
Lei Yue Mun
Lei Yue Mun is a short channel in Hong Kong. It lies between Junk Bay and Victoria Harbour, separating Kowloon and Hong Kong Island. The channel is an important passage for the city, forming the eastern entrance of Victoria Harbour.

The lands around the channel are also called Lei Yue Mun. On Kowloon side, it is famous for its seafood market and restaurants in the fishing villages. On the Hong Kong Island side, it has former military defence facilities.

Junk Bay
Junk Bay, also known by its Chinese transliteration Tseung Kwan O or Cheung Kwan O (Chinese: 將軍澳); is a bay in Sai Kung District, New Territories, Hong Kong. In the northern tip of the bay lies the Tseung Kwan O Village.

The Tseung Kwan O New Town, one of the nine new towns in Hong Kong, was mainly built on reclaimed land in the northern half of the bay. The population as of 2011 is about 368,000.
Edward Kallon
Edward Kallon (born January 14, 1961, in Sierra Leone), is the United Nations Resident Coordinator and Humanitarian Coordinator in Nigeria. Kallon is also the Resident Representative of the United Nations Development Programme in Nigeria (UNDP). He held a similar position for the past three years in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, where he was also the Representative of the United Nations Population Fund in Jordan (UNFPA) and the Designated Official for Security.

Humanitarian Coordinator
The Humanitarian Coordinator is the senior-most United Nations official in a country experiencing a humanitarian emergency. The Humanitarian Coordinator is appointed by the United Nations Emergency Relief Coordinator when a new emergency occurs or an existing humanitarian situation "worsens in degree and/or complexity".

In most cases, the function is performed by the United Nations Resident Coordinator.

The Humanitarian Coordinator is supported in almost every case by a local OCHA Office.
Charlotte O'Hara
Charlotte O'Hara (born January 7, 1951) is an American politician. A Republican, she served as a member of the Kansas House of Representatives from 2011 to 2013, representing District 27. O'Hara was a Johnson County commissioner from 2021 to 2025. She previously served as a member of the Kansas City and the Olathe Home Builders Associations and served as chairwoman on the Olathe Board of Code Review.

Olathe, Kansas
Olathe (/oʊˈleɪθə/ oh-LAY-thə) is a city in and the county seat of Johnson County, Kansas, United States.  It is the fourth-most populous city in both the Kansas City metropolitan area and the state of Kansas, with a 2020 population of 141,290.
Vladislav Evseev
Vladislav Evseev (born 10 September 1984) is a Russian professional ice hockey player who currently plays for Vityaz Chekhov of the KHL. Evseev was selected by the Boston Bruins in the 2nd round (56th overall) of the 2002 NHL Entry Draft.

2002 NHL entry draft
The 2002 NHL entry draft was the 40th entry draft for the National Hockey League. It was held on June 22 and 23, 2002, at the Air Canada Centre in Toronto, Ontario. In total, 291 players were drafted: 35 from the Ontario Hockey League (OHL); 23 from the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League (QMJHL); 43 from the Western Hockey League (WHL); 41 from the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) hockey conferences; six from U.S. high schools and 110 from outside North America.

The last active player in the NHL from this draft class was Duncan Keith, who played his last NHL game in the 2021–22 season.
Sarah Vaughan (1950 album)
Sarah Vaughan is the debut 1950 LP album of Sarah Vaughan with George Treadwell and His All Stars, 10" Columbia Records CL 6133. The instrumentalists comprised Billy Taylor Sr. bass, clarinet Tony Scott, drums J.C. Heard, guitars Freddie Green and Mundell Lowe, piano Jimmy Jones, on tenor saxophone Budd Johnson, trombone Bennie Green, and trumpet Miles Davis. The 8 songs were later incorporated into 1955's Sarah Vaughan in Hi-Fi.

Sarah Vaughan
Sarah Lois Vaughan (/vɔːn/,  March 27, 1924 – April 3, 1990) was an American jazz singer and pianist. Nicknamed "Sassy" and "The Divine One", and the "Queen of Bebop", she won two Grammy Awards, including the Lifetime Achievement Award, and was nominated for a total of nine Grammy Awards. She was given an NEA Jazz Masters Award in 1989. Critic Scott Yanow wrote that she had "one of the most wondrous voices of the 20th century".
Civaux Nuclear Power Plant
The Civaux Nuclear Power Plant is located in the commune of Civaux (Vienne) at the edge of Vienne River between Confolens (60 km upstream) and Chauvigny (14 km downstream), and 44 km south-east of Poitiers.

It has two operating units that were the precursors to the European Pressurized Reactor, being the "N4 stage". Designed for a net power output of 1450 MWe per unit, power was uprated to 1500 MWe in 2010. The Civaux plant uses ambient air and water from the Vienne River for cooling.

As of 2022, 1300 people work at the plant.

The cooling towers of Civaux Nuclear Power Plant are 178 metres in height, which are the highest among those of EDF's nuclear power plants.

Vienne (river)
The Vienne (French pronunciation: [vjɛn] ⓘ; Occitan: Vinhana, pronounced [viɲaˈno]) is a major river in south-western France. It is 363 km (226 mi) long. It is a significant left tributary of the lower Loire. It supports numerous hydroelectric dams, and it is the main river of the northern part of the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region.

Two French departments are named after the Vienne: Haute-Vienne (87) in the Limousin region and Vienne (86) both in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region.
James Forrest (footballer, born 1894)
James Forrest (born 1894) was a Scottish footballer who played mainly as a centre half, featuring for Clyde (eight years) and Cowdenbeath in Scotland, Preston North End in England and Bethlehem Steel and Providence Clamdiggers in the United States.

Forrest was selected once for the Scottish Football League XI against the English Football League XI in 1921.

Clyde F.C.
Clyde Football Club is a Scottish semi-professional football club who play in Scottish League Two. Nicknamed the Bully Wee, the club was formed in 1877 at the River Clyde in Glasgow, the club currently host their home matches at New Douglas Park in Hamilton, having played at Broadwood Stadium in Cumbernauld from 1994 until 2022.

The club's biggest accomplishments are winning the Scottish Cup on three occasions: 1939, 1955 and 1958; they reached the final a further three times, all during a long period based at Shawfield, in Rutherglen. They have not played in the top division of Scottish football since 1975.

The club have been managed by Darren Young since October 2024.
Martín Ramos Castellanos
Martín Ramos Castellanos (born 14 January 1961) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD). 
In the 2006 general election he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies 
to represent the 10th district of Chiapas during the 60th session of Congress.

LX Legislature of the Mexican Congress
The LX Legislature (60th session) of the Congress of Mexico met from September 1, 2006, to September 1, 2009. All members of both the lower and upper houses of Congress were elected in the elections of July 2006.
Vivekananda College, Alipurduar
Vivekananda College, established in 1985, is a general degree college in Alipurduar. It is in Alipurduar district. It offers undergraduate courses in arts. It is affiliated to  University of North Bengal.

Alipurduar district
Alipurduar district (Bengali pronunciation: [alipurduar d͡ʒela]), is one of the 23 districts of the state of West Bengal in India. The district is the part of Jalpaiguri Division. Alipurduar city is the headquarters of the district. It was made a district by bifurcating Jalpaiguri district on June 25, 2014. This is the easternmost district of West Bengal. It is situated in the Western Dooars natural region, in the foothills of the Bengal Himalayas.
Coin Act 1696
The Coin Act 1696 (8 & 9 Will. 3. c. 26) was an act of the Parliament of England which made it high treason to make or possess equipment useful for counterfeiting coins. Its title was "An Act for the better preventing the counterfeiting the current Coin of this Kingdom."

Counterfeit
A counterfeit is a fake or unauthorized replica of a genuine product, such as money, documents, designer items, or other valuable goods. Counterfeiting generally involves creating an imitation of a genuine item that closely resembles the original to deceive others into believing it is authentic.

Counterfeit products are often made to take advantage of the higher value of the original product, typically using lower-quality materials or production methods. Counterfeit food, drinks, medicines, and personal care products can contain harmful or inactive ingredients, causing anything from mild issues to serious, life-threatening ones. Counterfeit footwear, clothing, and accessories have been found to contain high levels of lead, arsenic, and phthalates.
Diego Herner
Diego Armando Herner (born 31 July 1983, in Gualeguaychú in Entre Ríos) is a retired Argentine footballer, who played as a centre-back.

Herner started his career in 2001 with  Gimnasia LP, where he made over 100 appearances before moving to Banfield in July 2007.

Club de Gimnasia y Esgrima La Plata
Club de Gimnasia y Esgrima La Plata (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈkluβ ðe ximˈnasjaj esˈɣɾima la ˈplata]; La Plata Gymnastics and Fencing Club), also known simply as Gimnasia, is an Argentine professional sports club based in the city of La Plata, Buenos Aires Province. Founded in 1887 as "Club de Gimnasia y Esgrima", the club is mostly known for its football team, which currently plays in Primera División, the first division of the Argentine football league system. The club was most famously managed by footballing legend Diego Maradona, from September 2019 until his death in November 2020.

Apart from football, CGE also hosts a large number of sports such as athletics, basketball, boxing, chess, fencing, futsal, artistic gymnastics, field hockey, martial arts (aikido, karate, kendo, taekwondo), swimming, roller skating, tennis, volleyball, and weightlifting.
Count of Bañares
The Count of Bañares is a nobility title of the Kingdom of Spain, created by Enrique IV of Castile in 1469 and confirmed by the Catholic Monarchs in 1485 in favor of Álvaro de Zúñiga y Guzmán, I Duke of Arévalo, I Duke of Béjar and I Duke of Plasencia (title granted over the previous Count of Plasencia, of which he was its II Count).

His name refers to the municipality of Bañares, in La Rioja.

The title was reinstated by King Alfonso XIII in 1917, in favor of María de las Mercedes de Arteaga y Echagüe, XVII Marquise of Argüeso, XIV Marquise of Campoo, XIV Countess of Villada.

Bañares
Bañares is a municipality of La Rioja, Spain. It is located in the comarca of Santa Domingo de la Calzada, some 45 km west of Logroño.

Its economy is primarily based on agriculture. Especially in the cultivation of potato, cereal, beets and green beans.
Rhyacionia frustrana
Rhyacionia frustrana, the Nantucket pine tip moth, is a moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in the United States from Massachusetts south to Florida, west to Missouri, Oklahoma, Texas and California. It is also found in the Dominican Republic, Cuba, Jamaica, Mexico (Oaxaca), Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua.

The wingspan is about 11 mm. Adults emerge in early spring, at times as early as February in Florida. There are four to five generations per year in Florida.

Larvae feed on various pine species, including Pinus caribaea, Pinus cubensis, Pinus banksiana, Pinus taeda, Pinus contorta, Pinus radiata, Pinus oocarpa, Pinus rigida, Pinus serotina, Pinus ponderosa, Pinus resinosa, Pinus clausa, Pinus sylvestris, Pinus echinata, Pinus elliottii, Pinus glabra, Pinus pungens and Pinus virginiana.

Pinus serotina
Pinus serotina, the pond pine, black bark pine, bay pine, marsh pine, or pocosin pine, is a pine tree found along the Southeastern portion of the Atlantic coastal plain of the United States, from southern New Jersey south to Florida and west to southern Alabama. Pond pine distribution may be starting to spread west towards Mississippi and Tennessee.
Kovilpatti
Kovilpatti, also known locally as Hockeypatti, is an industrial city and a special grade municipality in Thoothukudi District, Tamil Nadu, India.

Kovilpatti is located 65 km (40 mi) from Thoothukudi, 102 km (63 mi) from Madurai, and 565 km (351 mi) from Chennai. It serves as the headquarters of Kovilpatti taluk and is the second largest city in Thoothukudi district after Thoothukudi itself.

The nearest airport is Tuticorin Airport (TCR) at Vaagaikulam, approximately 73 km (45.3 mi) away, with daily flights to Chennai and Bangalore. The closest international airports are Madurai International Airport, about 99 km (61.5 mi) away, and Thiruvananthapuram International Airport (TRV), approximately 210 km (130.5 mi) away. The nearest seaport is Thoothukudi Port, located 70 km (43.4 mi) from the city.

Tuticorin Airport
Tuticorin Airport (IATA: TCR, ICAO: VOTK) is a domestic airport serving the city of Thoothukudi and its adjoining districts of Thoothukkudi, Tirunelveli, Tenkasi and Kanniyakumari in Tamil Nadu, India. It is located along the National Highway 7A at Vagaikulam, about 15.6 km (9.7 mi) west of the city centre. The airport was ISO 9001:2015 quality certified on 13 April 2018. It is the fifth-busiest airport in the state after Chennai, Coimbatore, Tiruchirappalli and Madurai airports.
Schauenburg–Ng theorem
In mathematics, the Schauenbug–Ng theorem is a theorem about the modular group representations of modular tensor categories proved by Siu-Hung Ng and Peter Schauenburg in 2010. It asserts that that the kernels of the modular representations of all modular tensor categories are congruence subgroups of . Since congruence subgroups all have finite index in , this implies in particular that the modular representations of all modular representations have finite image.

On physical grounds coming from conformal field theory, it has been conjectured since 1987 by Greg Moore and others that the kernel of the modular group representations should be congruence subgroups. The proof by Schauenbug and Ng came after a series of partial results by other mathematicians, which proved the theorem in special cases.

To prove their result Schauenbug and Ng introduced the notion of 'generalied Frobenius–Schur' indicators, which have since found separate applications to mathematical physics.

Conformal field theory
A conformal field theory (CFT) is a quantum field theory that is invariant under conformal transformations. In two dimensions, there is an infinite-dimensional algebra of local conformal transformations, and conformal field theories can sometimes be exactly solved or classified.

Conformal field theory has important applications to condensed matter physics, statistical mechanics, quantum statistical mechanics, and  string theory. Statistical and condensed matter systems are indeed often conformally invariant at their thermodynamic or quantum critical points.
Wildlife of Somaliland
The wildlife of Somaliland includes the flora and fauna of Somaliland, which is extremely diverse due to the country's location between the temperate and the tropical zones. Somaliland is bordered by the Red Sea. The coastal region is more humid due to its proximity to the ocean. Somaliland is home to over 727 bird species and boasts over 177 species of mammals.

Somaliland is home to a diverse variety of flora and fauna, from acacia trees, to birds, large cats, and reptiles large and small.

In some areas, the mountains are covered with shrubs such as pyracantha, jasmine, poinsettia, and a varied assortment of evergreens. Caraway, carcade, cardamom, coriander, incense, myrrh, and red pepper are common.

Hibiscus tea
Hibiscus tea (served hot), or roselle juice (served cold), is an infusion made from the crimson or deep magenta-colored calyces (sepals) of the roselle flower (Hibiscus sabdariffa). It is consumed both hot and cold and has a tart, strong cranberry-like flavor. The plant is native to West Africa.

The drink made out of the flowers of Hibiscus sabdariffa has many regional variations and names: it is known as bissap in Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Guinea and Senegal; wonjo in the Gambia; zobo in Nigeria; sobolo in Ghana; foléré, dabileni, tsobo, siiloo or soborodo in different parts of Africa; karkadé in Egypt, Sudan, Lebanon and Italy; sorrel in the Caribbean; and agua de Jamaica in Mexico. Although generally called a "juice", due to its being sweetened and chilled, it is technically an infusion, and when served hot is called "hibiscus tea".
New Brunswick School District 09
District scolaire 09 (or School District 09) is a Canadian school district in New Brunswick.

District 09 is a Francophone district operating 22 public schools (gr. K-12) in Gloucester County, exclusively in the Acadian Peninsula region.

Current enrollment is approximately 7,400 students and 500 teachers.  District 09 is headquartered in Tracadie-Sheila.

Acadian Peninsula
The Acadian Peninsula (French: Péninsule acadienne) is situated in the northeastern corner of New Brunswick, Canada, encompassing portions of Gloucester and Northumberland Counties. It derives its name from the large Acadian population located there. Two major islands off the northeast tip of the peninsula, Lamèque Island and Miscou Island, are culturally considered part of the Acadian Peninsula.

Most settlement in the peninsula occurred as a result of the Expulsion of the Acadians during the Gulf of St. Lawrence Campaign (1758), where British personnel forcibly removed them from their homes, mostly in southern New Brunswick and Nova Scotia.

Fishing is the dominant industry on the peninsula, with a large agricultural sector as well. The disappearance of the Lady Audette and Lady Dorianne vessels in 1970/71 shocked the peninsula. Peat bogs are found in the Shippagan and Lameque areas.
International Manufacturing Technology Show
The International Manufacturing Technology Show (IMTS), first held in Cleveland, Ohio in 1927
, is a trade show that features industrial machinery and technology. It is the largest manufacturing technology trade show in North America, and in 1990 was renamed from the original "International Machine Tool Show" to reflect the growing scope of the show to additional technologies such as welding, lubrication, and materials engineering. The show is managed by the Association for Manufacturing Technology.

An agreement between the AMT and the CECIMO (European Machine Tool Industry Association), which organizes the European-based EMO trade show for the metal working industry, coordinates the IMTS and the EMO such that every even-numbered year the IMTS is held in Chicago, and every odd-numbered year the EMO is held in Europe.

The next show is scheduled for September 14-19, 2026 at McCormick Place, Chicago https://www.imts.com/show/abouttheshow.cfm

Lubrication
Lubrication is the process or technique of using a lubricant to reduce friction and wear and tear in a contact between two surfaces. The study of lubrication is a discipline in the field of tribology.

Lubrication mechanisms such as fluid-lubricated systems are designed so that the applied load is partially or completely carried by hydrodynamic or hydrostatic pressure, which reduces solid body interactions (and consequently friction and wear). Depending on the degree of surface separation, different lubrication regimes can be distinguished.

Adequate lubrication allows smooth, continuous operation of machine elements, reduces the rate of wear, and prevents excessive stresses or seizures at bearings. By repelling water and other substances, it also reduces corrosion. When lubrication breaks down, components can rub destructively against each other, causing heat, local welding, destructive damage and failure.