hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jinze
Jinze (Chinese: 金泽镇) is a town in Qingpu District of Shanghai, China. As of the 2017 census it had a population of 60,800 and an area of 108.49-square-kilometre (41.89 sq mi). The town is bordered by two provinces, namely Zhejiang and Jiangsu. With convenient land and water transportation, it is an important transport hub linking Shanghai, Zhejiang and Jiangsu. It is surrounded by the towns of Shenta, Zhouzhuang and Jinxi on the northwest, Liantang Town on the southeast, Zhujiajiao Town on the east, and the towns of Dingshan and Dashun on the southwest.

Qingpu, Shanghai
Qingpu District,  is a suburban district of Shanghai Municipality. Lake Dianshan is located in Qingpu.

The population of Qingpu was counted at 1,271,424 people in the 2020 Census. It has an area of 675.11 km2 (260.66 sq mi).

Qingpu District is the westernmost district of Shanghai Municipality; it is adjacent to Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces. Around the lake are a number of tourist scenic areas, all complete in tourist facilities. Among the tourist areas is the waterside town Zhujiajiao, a major tourist destination in the Shanghai region.

There are currently 21 domestic travel services, three international travel business departments, 14 star-rated hotels, and 3 AAAA-grade tourist spots in Qingpu District.
Hermann Schacht
Hermann Schacht (15 July 1814, in Ochsenwerder – 20 August 1864, in Bonn) was a German pharmacist and botanist, who specialized in the fields of plant anatomy and embryology.

Prior to 1847 he worked at pharmacies in Braunschweig, Hamburg, Emmerich, Aachen and Altona, where he worked closely with hepaticologist Carl Moritz Gottsche. In the meantime, he attended classes at the University of Jena (1841–42), where from 1847 he served as assistant to Matthias Jakob Schleiden.

In 1850 he obtained his PhD from Jena, and subsequently moved to Berlin, where in 1853–60 he worked as a university lecturer. Because of health problems he spent two years in Madeira (1855–57), conducting investigations of the island's flora during his convalescence. From 1860 to 1864 he was a professor of botany and director of the botanical garden at the University of Bonn.

In 1859 Gustav Karl Wilhelm Hermann Karsten named the plant genus Schachtia (family Rubiaceae) in his honor.

Altona, Hamburg
Altona (German: [ˈaltonaː] ⓘ), also called Hamburg-Altona, is the westernmost urban borough (Bezirk) of the German city state of Hamburg. Located on the right bank of the Elbe river, Altona had a population of 270,263 in 2016.

From 1640 to 1864, Altona was under the administration of the Danish monarchy. Altona was an independent borough until 1937.
Lipsius
Lipsius is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Constantin Lipsius (1832–1894), German architect

Fred Lipsius (born 1943), American musician

Ida Marie Lipsius (1837–1927), German writer and music historian

Justus Lipsius (1547–1606), Flemish humanist

Justus Hermann Lipsius (1834–1920), German classical scholar

Richard Adelbert Lipsius (1830–1892), German theologian

Justus Lipsius
Justus Lipsius (Joest Lips or Joost Lips; October 18, 1547 – March 23, 1606) was a Flemish Catholic philologist, philosopher, and humanist. Lipsius wrote a series of works designed to revive ancient Stoicism in a form that would be compatible with Christianity. The most famous of these is De Constantia (On Constancy). His form of Stoicism influenced a number of contemporary thinkers, creating the intellectual movement of Neostoicism. He taught at the universities in Jena, Leiden, and Leuven.
Old Time Greats
Old Time Greats is a two-disc compilation album by American rock group Lynyrd Skynyrd. Released in 1997, it documents the original 1970s run of the band before the 1977 Convair 240 crash that killed Ronnie Van Zant, Steve Gaines, Cassie Gaines, assistant road manager Dean Kilpatrick, pilot Walter McCreary, and co-pilot William Gray.

The album is released by Repertoire Records out of Hamburg, Germany. It can only be found in the United States as an import.

Street Survivors
Street Survivors is the fifth studio album by the Southern rock band Lynyrd Skynyrd, released on October 17, 1977. The LP is the last Skynyrd album recorded by original members Ronnie Van Zant and Allen Collins, and is the sole Skynyrd studio recording by guitarist Steve Gaines. Three days after the album's release, the band's chartered airplane crashed en route to Baton Rouge, Louisiana, killing the pilot, co-pilot, the group's assistant road-manager and three band members (Van Zant, Gaines, and Gaines' older sister, backup singer Cassie Gaines), and severely injuring most who survived the crash.

The album was an instant success, achieving gold certification just 10 days after its release. It would later go double platinum. The album performed well on the charts, peaking at No. 5 (the band's highest-charting album), as did the singles "What's Your Name" and "That Smell," the former a top-20 hit on the singles chart.
Moscovici
Moscovici is a surname, the Romanian spelling of Moskowitz. Notable people with the surname include:

Ariel Moscovici (born 1956), Romanian-born French sculptor

Ilie Moscovici (1885–1943), Romanian socialist activist and journalist

Josef Moscovici, an occasional alternate spelling of Joseph Moskowitz (1879-1954), Romanian-American musician and restaurateur

Pierre Moscovici (born 1957), French politician

Serge Moscovici (1925–2014), Romanian-born French social psychologist

Ghiță Moscu, also known as Gelber Moscovici and Alexandru Bădulescu (1895–1938), Romanian socialist and communist activist

Alexandru Toma, also known as Solomon Moscovici (1875–1954), Romanian poet and journalist

Joseph Moskowitz
Joseph Moskowitz (Yiddish: יאָסעלע מאָשקאָװיטש, 1879 – June 1954) was an American cimbalom player, composer, restaurant owner and recording artist in New York City during the first half of the twentieth century. A descendant of a family of klezmer musicians, he was among the most well-known American cimbalom players of his time, and had a wide repertoire which included not only Jewish music but also Romanian, classical, and ragtime music. He is thought to have composed over 100 cimbalom pieces which drew upon various musical influences. His restaurant Moskowitz & Lupowitz, on Second Avenue also became a popular destination and celebrity hangout in the 1920s and 1930s.
Abdul Jalil Shah III of Johor
Sultan Abdul Jalil Shah III ibni Almarhum Sultan Alauddin Riayat Shah III was the Sultan of Pahang and Johor, as Abdul Jalil Shah II, who reigned from 1615 to 1617 and 1623 to 1677 respectively. Known as Raja Bujang before his accession, he was a son of the 5th Sultan of Johor, Alauddin Riayat Shah III and a nephew of the 6th Sultan of Johor, Abdullah Ma'ayat Shah. He was the last Sultan of Pahang of the Malacca dynasty to rule Pahang independently from Johor until the independence of the Pahang Kingdom.

Portuguese Malacca
Portuguese control of Malacca—a city on the Malay Peninsula—spanned a 130 year period from 1511 to 1641 as a possession of the Portuguese East Indies. It was captured from the Malacca Sultanate as part of Portuguese attempts to gain control of trade in the region. Although multiple attempts to conquer it were repulsed, the city was eventually lost to an alliance of Dutch and regional forces, thus beginning a period of Dutch rule.
Owenetta
Owenetta is an extinct genus of owenettid procolophonian. Fossils have been found from the Beaufort Group in the Karoo Basin of South Africa. Although most procolophonians lived during the Triassic, Owenetta existed during the Wuchiapingian and Changhsingian stages of the Late Permian. It is the type genus of the family Owenettidae, and can be distinguished from other related taxa in that the posterior portion of the supratemporal bears a lateral notch and that the pineal foramen is surrounded by a depressed parietal surface on the skull table.

Procolophonia
Procolophonia is an extinct clade of basal reptiles, traditionally classified as "parareptiles", that lived from the Middle Permian till the end of the Triassic period. The group includes the largest known parareptiles, the up to oxen-sized herbivorous pareiasaurs, as well as the longest lived "parareptiles", the small lizard-like procolophonoids. Although traditionally grouped in Parareptilia, this classification scheme has been questioned.
Siemens-Schuckert R.V
The Siemens-Schuckert R.V was a bomber aircraft built in Germany during World War I. It was one of six aircraft based on the Siemens-Schuckert R.I that were originally intended to be identical, but which each developed in a different direction and were designated as different aircraft types by the German Inspectorate of Flying Troops (the Idflieg). Development of the R.V benefited from the experience that Siemens-Schuckert and the Idflieg had gained with the R.II, R.III, and R.IV, particularly in its choice of powerplants, where the R.V was spared from the troublesome Maybach HS engine. Between September 1916 and February 1917, the aircraft saw service on the Eastern Front before it was damaged in an accident and dismantled for spare parts.

Maybach Mb.IV
The Maybach Mb.IV, originally designated Maybach HS, (only related to the Mb IVa by layout and size), was a straight-six piston engine of 200–240 hp (150–180 kW) output, originally developed for use in airships. It was also used for large aircraft such as the Zeppelin-Lindau Rs.I seaplane.

Variants of the original HS engine included the Maybach HS D, Maybach HS K and Maybach HS Lu. The latter engine was used in the Zeppelin-type and Schütte-Lanz Type E airships.
Matthew Craske
Matthew Craske is an art historian at Oxford Brookes University. He is art adviser to the Church of England Diocese of Oxford. He received his PhD in 1992 from University College, London for a thesis titled, "The London trade in monumental sculpture and the imagery of the family in monumental art, 1720-1760".

Diocese of Oxford
The Diocese of Oxford is a Church of England diocese that forms part of the Province of Canterbury. The diocese is led by the Bishop of Oxford (currently Steven Croft), and the bishop's seat is at Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford. It contains more church buildings than any other diocese and has more paid clergy than any other except London.

The diocese now covers the counties of Berkshire (118 churches), Buckinghamshire (152 churches), Oxfordshire (227 churches) and five churches in the nearby counties. Their 284 schools educate more than 68,000 students.
KelTec SU-16
SU-16 refers to a series of semi-automatic rifles and carbines manufactured by Kel-Tec CNC Industries, Inc. of Cocoa, Florida, referred to in KelTec's marketing as "Sport Utility rifles". The SU-16 series is notable for its compact, lightweight and simple design; and for being able to be broken down and folded into a compact configuration for transportation and storage. While the barrel, bolt-carrier and mechanism are steel, the SU-16's stock, receiver, and fore end are manufactured of high-strength polymer plastic.

Cocoa, Florida
Cocoa is a city in Brevard County, Florida, United States. Its population was 19,041 at the 2020 United States census, up from 17,140 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Palm Bay-Melbourne-Titusville, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Pittsburgh Magazine
Pittsburgh Magazine is a lifestyle magazine covering the Pittsburgh metropolitan area. It hosts an annual "40 Under 40" featuring prominent young Pittsburghers. It's known for listicles including Pittsburgh's 25 Best Restaurants, Best of the 'Burgh, Top Doctors, Top Dentists and annual City Guide. It is a member of the City and Regional Magazine Association (CRMA).

Lifestyle journalism
Lifestyle journalism is the field of journalism that provides news and opinion, often in an entertaining tone, regarding goods and services used by readers in their everyday life. Lifestyle journalism covers travel, fashion, fitness, leisure, food, and arts, among other topics.
Challenges to decisions of England and Wales magistrates' courts
This article concerns the legal mechanisms by way of which a decision of an England and Wales magistrates' court may be challenged. There are four mechanisms under which a decision of a magistrates' court may be challenged:

reconsideration by the same magistrates' court;

appeal to the Crown Court;

appeal to the High Court of Justice (King's Bench Division) by way of case stated; and

judicial review in the High Court (King's Bench Division).

Judicial review
Judicial review is a process under which a government's executive, legislative, or administrative actions are subject to review by the judiciary.: 79  In a judicial review, a court may invalidate laws, acts, or governmental actions that are incompatible with a higher authority. For example, an executive decision may be invalidated for being unlawful, or a statute may be invalidated for violating the terms of a constitution. Judicial review is one of the checks and balances in the separation of powers—the power of the judiciary to supervise (judicial supervision) the legislative and executive branches when the latter exceed their authority.

The doctrine varies between jurisdictions, so the procedure and scope of judicial review may differ between and within countries. The judiciary in United States has been described as having unusually strong powers of judicial review from a comparative perspective.
Arthur Blakiston
Sir Arthur Frederick Blakiston, 7th Baronet, MC (16 June 1892 – 2 February 1974) was a rugby union international wing who represented England twelve times between 1920 and 1925, and the British Lions in all four test matches during their 1924 tour of South Africa.

Blakiston was educated at Bedford School, Trent College and Emmanuel College, Cambridge. He served in the Great War as an officer in the Royal Field Artillery and was awarded the Military Cross. He played for Northampton, Liverpool, Blackheath and the Barbarians.
A farmer, he was Master of the South Shropshire Foxhounds.

Blackheath F.C.
51°27′29″N 0°02′46″E﻿ / ﻿51.458°N 0.046°E﻿ / 51.458; 0.046

Blackheath Football Club is a rugby union club based in Well Hall, Eltham, in south-east London. The club was founded in Blackheath in 1858 and is the oldest open rugby club in continuous existence in the world. The Blackheath club also assisted in organising the world's first rugby international (between England and Scotland in Edinburgh on 27 March 1871) and hosted the first international between England and Wales ten years later – the players meeting and getting changed at the Princess of Wales public house. Blackheath, along with Civil Service F.C., is one of the two clubs that can claim to be a founder member of both The Football Association and the Rugby Football Union.

The club currently plays in National League 1, the third tier of the English rugby union system, with matches played at Well Hall after a move from Rectory Field in Blackheath at the end of the 2015–16 season.
Toontje van Lankvelt
Toontje Van Lankvelt  (born 1 July 1984) is a former Canadian male volleyball player. He was part of the Canada men's national volleyball team at the 2014 FIVB Volleyball Men's World Championship in Poland. He last played for Hyundai Capital in Korea, but has played for a variety of other European teams throughout his professional career.

2014 FIVB Men's Volleyball World Championship
The 2014 FIVB Men's Volleyball World Championship was held in Poland from 30 August to 21 September 2014. The tournament featured 24 teams to determine the world champions in men's volleyball. In addition to the host nation Poland, 23 teams qualified for the tournament through continental and regional competitions. The matches took place in seven venues across seven Polish cities, with the final being played at Spodek, Katowice.

The tournament was won by the hosts Poland, who beat Brazil (who had won the previous three titles) in the final. Poland became the third team in the history of the competition to be crowned as champions in their own country, joining the Soviet Union (1952 and 1962) and Czechoslovakia (1966).

563,263 fans watched the matches during the 18-day event, smashing the previous records in the competition. In Italy four years earlier, the total was 339,324, while in Japan in 2006, it was 298,352.
The Sins of St. Anthony
The Sins of St. Anthony is a 1920 American silent comedy film directed by James Cruze and written by Charles Collins and Elmer Blaney Harris. Starring Bryant Washburn, Margaret Loomis, Lorenza Lazzarini, Viora Daniel, Frank Jonasson, and May Baxter, it was released on July 4, 1920, by Paramount Pictures. It may be a lost film, as no known prints are known to exist.

James Cruze
James Cruze (born Jens Cruz Bosen; March 27, 1884 – August 3, 1942) was a silent film actor and film director.

James Cruze is best known today among film buffs as the director of the epic silent Western The Covered Wagon.
Asako Takakura
Asako Takakura (高倉 麻子, Takakura Asako; born 19 April 1968), also known as Asako Takakura-Takemoto or Asako Takemoto due to her marriage, is a Japanese football manager and former player who currently coaches for Shanghai Shengli. She played for Japan national team. She is a former manager of the Japan national team. Her husband is former footballer Kazuhiko Takemoto.

Speranza Osaka
Speranza Osaka (スペランツァ大阪, Superantsu~a Ōsaka) is a women's football team which plays in Japan's Nadeshiko League Division 1. It was founded in 1990 and enter in the L.League (today Nadeshiko League) in the same year. From the 2019 season, the club has adopted the new name as "Speranza Osaka-Takatsuki".

Because it was founded by the multinational giant Panasonic, Speranza Osaka works as a kind of women's team of the J.League giants Gamba Osaka.
Borislav Kamenski
Borislav Kamenski (1911 – 26 January 1990) was a Bulgarian footballer. He played in nine matches for the Bulgaria national football team from 1931 to 1940. He was also part of Bulgaria's team for their qualification matches for the 1938 FIFA World Cup.

At club level he played for FC 13 (Sofia).

1938 FIFA World Cup
The 1938 FIFA World Cup was the 3rd edition of the World Cup, the quadrennial international football championship for senior men's national teams. It was held in France from 4 to 19 June 1938. Italy defended its title in the final, beating Hungary 4–2. Italy's 1934 and 1938 teams hold the distinction of being the only men's national team to win the World Cup multiple times under the same coach, Vittorio Pozzo. It would be the last World Cup until 1950 as the 1942 and 1946 World Cups were cancelled due to World War II.
Big Time (Tom Waits album)
Big Time is the first conventional live album by American musician Tom Waits, featuring performances from two shows on Waits' 1987 tour. The album was released less than a year later on Island Records. While Big Time was the first released recording of public concert performances by Waits, it was not strictly his first live release: his 1975 Nighthawks at the Diner was a live performance before an audience that was conducted entirely within a recording studio.

Nighthawks at the Diner
Nighthawks at the Diner is the third studio album by singer and songwriter Tom Waits, released on October 21, 1975, on Asylum Records. It was recorded over four sessions in July in the Los Angeles Record Plant studio in front of a small invited audience set up to recreate the atmosphere of a jazz club. The album peaked at 164 on the Billboard 200, the highest place Waits had held at the time, and was certified silver by the BPI in 2010. It has received critical acclaim for its successful mood-setting, capturing of the jazz-club atmosphere and characterization.
How Will I Know (Who You Are)
"How Will I Know (Who You Are)" is a song recorded by Swedish singer Jessica Folcker, released in 1998 by Jive and Zomba Records as the second single from Folcker's first studio album, Jessica (1998). The song is written by Andreas Carlsson, Kristian Lundin and Max Martin, and produced by Lundin. Carlsson also provided backing vocals. Lyrically the song describes the hard feelings of letting go of a relationship and saying goodbye. It became an international hit and went platinum in Sweden, after reaching number seven on Sverigetopplistan. Additionally, "How Will I Know (Who You Are)" was a top-10 hit also in Austria and the Netherlands, and a top-20 hit in Belgium, Denmark, Norway and Switzerland. On the Eurochart Hot 100, the song peaked at number 33 in April 1999.

Sverigetopplistan
Sverigetopplistan (Swedish: [ˈsvæ̂rjɛˌtɔpːlɪstan], lit. "the Sweden top list") is the Swedish national record chart, based on sales data from IFPI Sverige.  It was formerly known as Topplistan (1975–1997) and Hitlistan (1998–2007) and has been known by its current name since October 2007. Before Topplistan, music sales in Sweden were recorded by Kvällstoppen, whose weekly chart was a combined albums and singles list.
R U the Girl
R U the Girl (also known as R U the Girl with T-Boz and Chilli) is an American reality television music competition series that aired on UPN in 2005. The series featured Tionne "T-Boz" Watkins and Rozonda "Chilli" Thomas, the remaining members of the all-girl R&B group TLC whose former member, Lisa "Left Eye" Lopes, died in a car crash in Honduras in 2002. Initially promoted by the network as a contest to replace Lopes 3 years after her death, both Watkins and Thomas clarified that the winner of the contest would not be joining TLC full-time and would not be a full-time replacement member; the winner would only provide guest vocals on a new single by the duo.

Music competition
A music competition is a public event designed to identify and award outstanding musical ensembles, soloists, composers, conductors, musicologists or compositions. Pop music competitions are music competitions which are held to find pop starlets.

Examples of music competitions in popular music include the Eurovision Song Contest, the Sanremo Music Festival, Open Mic UK, the All-Japan Band Association annual contest, Live and Unsigned, and American Idol.
The Rapture (1954 film)
The Rapture (Spanish: El rapto) is a 1954 Mexican drama film directed by Emilio Fernández and starring Jorge Negrete, María Félix, and Andrés Soler. The film's two stars had recently married, and this was used in advertising publicity. It was made at the Estudios Churubusco in Mexico City.

Emilio Fernández
Emilio Fernández Romo (Spanish: [eˈmiljo feɾˈnandes ˈromo]; 26 March 1904 – 6 August 1986), nicknamed "El Indio" (lit. "The Indian"), was a Mexican film director, screenwriter, and actor. He was one of the most prolific and acclaimed film directors of the Golden Age of Mexican cinema in the 1940s and '50s. His film María Candelaria (1944) won the Palme d'Or at the 1946 Cannes Film Festival, the first Mexican film to receive the honor. As an actor, he worked in numerous film productions in both Mexico and in Hollywood.
Volcán Santo Tomás
Volcán Santo Tomás (original indigenous name Qaqpekul) is a stratovolcano in southern Guatemala. Its highest point lies at an altitude of 3,542 m (11,621 ft) above sea level.

It is also known as "Volcán Pecul", or as "Cerro Zunil", the name of its youngest and most prominent dome which was last active approximately 84,000 years ago (K-Ar dating).

Geothermal activity can be observed in the form of Solfataras and thermal springs which are located on the west of the ridge between Santo Tomás and Zunil.

Geothermal activity
Geothermal activity is a group of natural heat transfer processes, occurring on Earth's surface, caused by the presence of excess heat in the subsurface of the affected area, usually caused by the presence of an igneous intrusion underground. Geothermal activity can manifest itself in a variety of different phenomena, including, among others, elevated surface temperatures, various forms of hydrothermal activity, and the presence of fumaroles that emit hot volcanic gases.