hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Andrew C. Isenberg
Andrew C. Isenberg (born 1964) is the Hall Distinguished Professor of American History at the University of Kansas. He is a specialist in environmental history, Native American history, and the history of the North American West and its borderlands. He was born in Chicago, Illinois, and educated at St. Olaf College, from which he graduated magna cum laude.  He received his Ph.D. in History from Northwestern University.  He previously taught at the University of Puget Sound, Brown University, Princeton University, and Temple University.

Isenberg has appeared in a number of documentaries, including National Geographic's America Before Columbus in 2009, American Experience in 2010, The American West in 2016, and Ken Burns' The American Buffalo in 2023.

University of Puget Sound
The University of Puget Sound is a private liberal arts college in Tacoma, Washington, United States. It was founded in 1888. The institution offers a variety of undergraduate degrees as well as five graduate programs in counseling, education, occupational therapy, physical therapy, and public health.

Puget Sound's athletic programs compete in the National Collegiate Athletic Association's Division III Northwest Conference. The University of Puget Sound is also the only independent national undergraduate liberal arts college in the Pacific Northwest with a School of Music and School of Business and Leadership.
Glossary of functional analysis
This is a glossary for the terminology in a mathematical field of functional analysis.

Throughout the article, unless stated otherwise, the base field of a vector space is the field of real numbers or that of complex numbers. Algebras are not assumed to be unital.

See also: List of Banach spaces, glossary of real and complex analysis.

Glossary
A glossary (from Ancient Greek: γλῶσσα, glossa; language, speech, wording), also known as a vocabulary or clavis, is an alphabetical list of terms in a particular domain of knowledge with the definitions for those terms. Traditionally, a glossary appears at the end of a book and includes terms within that book that are either newly introduced, uncommon, or specialized. While glossaries are most commonly associated with non-fiction books, fiction novels sometimes include a glossary for unfamiliar terms.

A bilingual glossary is a list of terms in one language defined in a second language or glossed by synonyms (or at least near-synonyms) in another language.

In a general sense, a glossary contains explanations of concepts relevant to a certain field of study or action. In this sense, the term is related to the notion of ontology. Automatic methods have been also provided that transform a glossary into an ontology or a computational lexicon.
Kanly, Kushnarenkovsky District, Republic of Bashkortostan
Kanly (Russian: Канлы; Bashkir: Ҡаңлы, Qañlı) is a rural locality (a selo) in Akhmetovsky Selsoviet, Kushnarenkovsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 208 as of 2010. There are 3 streets.

Kushnarenkovsky District
Kushnarenkovsky District (Russian: Кушнаре́нковский райо́н; Bashkir: Кушнарен районы or Кушнаренко районы, Kuşnaren(ko) rayonı) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the northern central part of the republic and borders with Birsky District in the north, Blagoveshchensky District in the northeast and east, Ufimsky District in the east and southeast, Chishminsky District in the south, Blagovarsky District in the south and southwest, Chekmagushevsky District in the west, and with Dyurtyulinsky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 1,717.77 square kilometers (663.23 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Kushnarenkovo. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 27,491, with the population of Kushnarenkovo accounting for 35.9% of that number.
Pedro Altube
Pedro de Altube Idigoras (April 27, 1827 – August 8, 1905) was a Basque-born American rancher who established, along with his brother Bernardo, the renowned Spanish Ranch in northwestern Nevada. Pedro Altube and his brother Bernardo had emigrated from Spain to Argentina and from there, in 1849, he joined the rush for gold in California, amassing a small fortune not only in the mining camps but in very lucrative cattle and dairy operations. The Altube brothers then established a ranch in northeastern Nevada — the extensive and prosperous Spanish Ranch in Independence Valley, Elko County, near Tuscarora.

Pedro died sudden and unexpectedly of a stroke in 1905, and was interred in the family vault in Holy Cross Cemetery in Colma.

In 1960, he was inducted into the Hall of Great Westerners of the National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum as the "Father of Basques in America".

Basques
The Basques are a Southwestern European ethnic group, characterised by the Basque language, a common culture, shared genetic ancestry to the ancient Vascones and Aquitanians, and are considered among the last remaining direct descendants of Neolithic Europeans populations in Europe. Basques are indigenous to, and primarily inhabit, an area traditionally known as the Basque Country (Basque: Euskal Herria)—a region that is located around the western end of the Pyrenees on the coast of the Bay of Biscay and straddles parts of north-central Spain and south-western France.
PressReader
PressReader is a digital newspaper distribution and technology company with headquarters in Vancouver, Canada and offices in Dublin, Ireland and Manila, Philippines.

PressReader distributes digital versions of over 7,000 newspapers and magazines in more than 60 languages through its applications for iOS, Android, Windows, Mac and various e-readers as well as its website, and operates digital editions of newspapers and magazines for publishers, including The New York Times, Financial Times, The Economist, The Wall Street Journal, National Post and The Globe and Mail.

National Post
The National Post is a Canadian English-language broadsheet newspaper and the flagship publication of the American-owned Postmedia Network. It is published Mondays through Saturdays, with Monday released as a digital e-edition only. The newspaper is distributed in the provinces of Ontario, Quebec, Alberta and British Columbia. Weekend editions of the newspaper are also distributed in Manitoba and Saskatchewan.

The newspaper was founded in 1998 by Conrad Black in an attempt to compete with The Globe and Mail. In 2001, CanWest completed its acquisition of the National Post. In 2006, the newspaper ceased distribution in Atlantic Canada and the Canadian territories. Postmedia assumed ownership of the newspaper in 2010, after the CEO of the National Post's, Paul Godfrey, assembled an ownership group to acquire CanWest's chain of newspapers.
IBM IntelliStation
The IntelliStation is a family of workstations developed by IBM and first released in March 1997 as the follow-on to the PC Series 360 and 365. Certain IntelliStation M Pro Series were near hardware identical to low end IBM Netfinity 1000 Series network servers (with variants in included video cards and SCSI options). In February 2002, POWER processor-based workstations, previously sold directly under the eServer pSeries brand, were also placed under the IntelliStation umbrella.

The last IntelliStation models were discontinued in January 2009, ending the product line.

Pentium III
The Pentium III (marketed as Intel Pentium III Processor, informally PIII or P3) brand refers to Intel's 32-bit x86 desktop and mobile CPUs based on the sixth-generation P6 microarchitecture introduced on February 28, 1999.

The brand's initial processors were very similar to the earlier Pentium II-branded processors. The most notable differences were the addition of the Streaming SIMD Extensions (SSE) instruction set (to accelerate floating point and parallel calculations), and the introduction of a controversial serial number embedded in the chip during manufacturing (absent on Tualatin and later Intel processors).

Even after the release of the Pentium 4 in late 2000, the Pentium III continued to be produced with new models introduced up until early 2003. They were then discontinued in April 2004 for desktop units and May 2007 for mobile units.

Intel officially declared end-of-life and discontinued Pentium III processors on July 14, 2009.
Wetzler Symphony Orchestra
The Wetzler Symphony Orchestra was founded in New York City by the Frankfurt born conductor and composer Hermann Hans Wetzler.

Wetzler, who studied at the Hoch Conservatory in Frankfurt, settled in New York City for a time and formed the symphony orchestra in 1903.  Wetzler invited Richard Strauss to the city to conduct his orchestra in a "Strauss Festival", which would include most of his symphonic works. Strauss and Wetzler conducted this orchestra in this concert series beginning on 27 February 1904 in Carnegie Hall. This series included Strauss conducting the premiere of his Symphonia Domestica on 21 March. Strauss required 15 rehearsals before he was satisfied with the orchestra's playing. On 19 March, the orchestra broke down in the middle of Don Quixote.

Strauss also led the orchestra before a crowd of 6,000 in performances on 16 and 18 of April, 1904 in Wanamaker's New York store. The orchestra was short-lived, as Wetzler returned to Germany in 1905.

Wanamaker's
Wanamaker's was an American department store chain founded in 1861 by John Wanamaker. It was one of the first department stores in the United States, and peaked at 16 locations along the Delaware Valley in the 20th century. Wanamaker's was purchased by A. Alfred Taubman, who previously purchased the Washington, D.C. department store Woodward & Lothrop, in 1986. The store was acquired from bankruptcy by The May Department Stores Company in 1994, and converted all remaining Wanamaker's stores to Hecht's in 1995.

Wanamaker's was influential in the development of the retail industry including as the first store to use price tags.
Betty Sinclair (cricketer)
Elizabeth Margaret Sinclair (née Butler; 26 May 1933 – 24 February 2009) was a New Zealand cricketer who played as an all-rounder. She appeared in two Test matches for New Zealand between 1954 and 1961. She played domestic cricket for Otago.

Women's Test cricket
Women's Test cricket is the longest format of women's cricket and is the female equivalent to men's Test cricket. Matches comprise four-innings and are held over a maximum of four days between two of the leading cricketing nations. The rules governing the format differ little from those for the men's game, with differences generally being technicalities surrounding umpiring and field size.

The first women's Test match was played by England women and Australia women in December 1934, a three-day contest held in Brisbane which England won by nine wickets. A total of 149 Women's Test matches have been played. Far fewer matches are played each year in favour of Women's One Day Internationals and Women's Twenty20 Internationals, with the international calendar revolving around the shorter formats of the game.
2022 Karjala Tournament
The 2022 Karjala Tournament was played between 10 and 13 November 2022. The Czech Republic, Finland, Sweden and Switzerland played a round-robin for a total of three games per team and six games in total. One game was played in Budvar Arena, České Budějovice, Czech Republic (Sweden vs Czechia) all the other games were played in Gatorade Center, Turku. Sweden won the tournament. The tournament was part of 2022–23 Euro Hockey Tour.

Switzerland replaced Russia due to the Russian invasion of Ukraine.

Gatorade Center
The Gatorade Center (formerly HK Areena, Elysée Arena, Typhoon Arena, but commonly referred to as Turkuhalli in Finnish and Åbohallen in Swedish) is a multi-functional indoor arena in the district of Artukainen in Turku, Finland. Opened in November 1990, it can hold 10,500 spectators for ice hockey games.

It is primarily used for ice hockey, and is the home arena of TPS, but it is also frequently used to host concerts and other events such as the Maata Näkyvissä Festival. A record attendance of 12,041 for a hockey match was registered in 1991. Gatorade Center is a member of the European Arenas Association (EAA).
Blunt (snowboard magazine)
Blunt Snowboard Magazine was an American snowboard magazine published in the 1990s. The magazine was established in 1993 and the founder was Ken Block. DC Shoes were the initial publishers of Blunt, which mainly featured advertisements for new, small and independent companies. The magazine also featured regular submissions by skateboarder Ed Templeton and photos by Rob "Whitey" McConnaughy. The magazine was eventually sold to Big Brother Magazine and in 1997 on to Larry Flynt Publications. Blunt ceased publication in 1998.

Larry Flynt
Larry Claxton Flynt Jr. (/flɪnt/; November 1, 1942 – February 10, 2021) was an American publisher and the president of Larry Flynt Publications (LFP). LFP mainly produces pornographic magazines, such as Hustler, pornographic videos, and three pornographic television channels named Hustler TV. Flynt fought several high-profile legal battles involving the First Amendment, and unsuccessfully ran for public office. He was paralyzed from the waist down due to injuries sustained in a 1978 attempted assassination by serial killer Joseph Paul Franklin.: 170–71  In 2003, Arena magazine listed him at No. 1 on the "50 Powerful People in Porn" list. The 1996  biographical drama film The People vs. Larry Flynt, directed by Miloš Forman and starring Woody Harrelson, chronicles the life and career of Flynt.
Head River
The Head River is a river in the township of Ramara, Simcoe County and the city of Kawartha Lakes in Southern Ontario, Canada. It is in the Great Lakes Basin, and flows from Head Lake west to the Black River, east of Lake Couchiching. The Black River flows via the Severn River to Georgian Bay on Lake Huron.

Georgian Bay
Georgian Bay (French: Baie Georgienne) is a large bay of Lake Huron. It is located entirely within the borders of Ontario, Canada. The main body of the bay lies east of the Bruce Peninsula and Manitoulin Island. To its northwest is the North Channel.

Georgian Bay is surrounded by (listed clockwise) the districts of Manitoulin, Sudbury, Parry Sound and Muskoka, as well as the more populous counties of Simcoe, Grey and Bruce. The Main Channel separates the Bruce Peninsula from Manitoulin Island and connects Georgian Bay to the rest of Lake Huron. The North Channel, located between Manitoulin Island and the Sudbury District, west of Killarney, was once a popular route for steamships and is now used by a variety of pleasure craft to travel to and from Georgian Bay.

The shores and waterways of Georgian Bay are the traditional domain of the Anishinaabeg First Nations peoples to the north and Huron-Petun (Wyandot) to the south. The bay was thus a major Algonquian-Iroquoian trade route.
2004 Mongolian Premier League
The 2004 Mongolian National Championship was the thirty-seventh recorded edition of top flight football in Mongolia and the ninth season of the Mongolian Premier League, which took over as the highest level of competition in the country from the previous Mongolian National Championship. Khangarid from Erdenet were champions, their second title, Khoromkhon were  runners up, with Ordiin-Od in third place.

Erdenet
Erdenet (/ˈɜːrdɪnɛt/; Mongolian: Эрдэнэт [ért(ɘ)nɘtʰ], 'precious, valuable') is the third-largest city in Mongolia and the provincial capital of Orkhon. Located in northern Mongolia, it lies in a valley between the Selenge and Orkhon rivers about 240 km (149 mi) (as the crow flies) northwest of the national capital Ulaanbaatar and Darkhan. The road length between Ulaanbaatar and Erdenet is about 370 km (230 mi). As of the 2018 census, the city had a population of 98,057.
Sing Along with Me
Sing Along with Me  is a 1952 British musical film directed by Peter Graham Scott and starring Donald Peers, Dodo Watts and Dennis Vance. The screenplay concerns a grocer, played by Donald Peers, who wins a radio singing competition and is signed to a lucrative contract. The film was mainly a vehicle for Peers who was at the peak of his career at that time. He sang "Take My Heart", "If You Smile at the Sun", "Hoop Diddle-i-do-ra-li-ay", "Down at the Old Village Hall" and "I Left My Heart in a Valley in Wales".

Peter Graham Scott
Peter Graham Scott (27 October 1923 – 5 August 2007) was an English television and film producer, television director, film director, film editor and screenwriter. He was one of the producers and directors who shaped British television drama in its formative years and his background in film editing and directing helped to move television out of an era of studio-bound productions and towards programmes that owed more to cinema than to the stage.
Pratapsingh Rane
Pratapsingh Raoji Rane (born 28 January 1939) is an Indian politician who served as the third Chief Minister of Goa, Daman and Diu from 1980 to 1987, and as the first Chief Minister of Goa, holding the office five times between 1987 and 2007. Rane was also the former Leader Of Opposition in the Goa Legislative Assembly. He has been a Member of Legislative Assembly, Goa for over 50 years.

Rane is the longest-serving Chief Minister in the history of Goa and also holds the record for the longest continuous tenure as Chief Minister in the state. In 2022, the Pramod Sawant led Government conferred life long cabinet status on Rane.

Rane has been a member of the Indian National Congress since the mid-1970s, and was earlier a prominent figure in the Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party. In the MGP, he was minister for law and also held other portfolios, in the term beginning 1972.

Goa Legislative Assembly
The Goa Legislative Assembly is the unicameral legislature of the state of Goa in India. The Assembly meets at the Goa State Legislative Assembly Complex in Porvorim, Bardez. The Eighth Goa Legislative Assembly consists of 40 members. The assembly is in charge of the budget, the Assembly appropriates money for social programs, agricultural development, infrastructure development, etc. It is also responsible for proposing and levying taxes.
Elliot Hilton
Elliot Hilton (born 22 November 1989) is a British former figure skater. He is the 2008 British national champion. He qualified for the free skate at two ISU Championships – 2005 Junior Worlds in Kitchener, Ontario, where he finished 16th, and 2009 Europeans in Helsinki, where he finished 24th. He was coached by Yuri Bureiko.

Kitchener, Ontario
Kitchener is a city in the Canadian province of Ontario, about 100 km (62 mi) west of Toronto. It is one of three cities that make up the Regional Municipality of Waterloo and is the regional seat. Kitchener was known as Berlin until a 1916 referendum changed its name. The city covers an area of 136.86 km2, and had a population of 256,885 at the time of the 2021 Canadian census.

The Regional Municipality of Waterloo has 673,910 people as of year-end 2023, making it the 10th-largest census metropolitan area (CMA) in Canada and the fourth-largest CMA in Ontario. Kitchener and Waterloo are considered "twin cities", which are often referred to jointly as "Kitchener–Waterloo" (K–W), although they have separate municipal governments.
Ryba
Ryba is a Western Slavic surname. In Polish, Czech and Slovak it means fish. Notable people with the surname include:

Jakub Jan Ryba (1765–1815), Czech teacher and composer of classical music

Jiří Ryba (born 1976), Czech decathlete

John Joseph Ryba (1929–2021), American politician

Mike Ryba (1903–1971), American baseball player; Major League Baseball pitcher

Christina L. Ryba (born 1976), Justice of the Supreme Court of the State of New York (from 2016); first and only judge of color in the state supreme court's third department

John Joseph Ryba
John Joseph Ryba Jr. (August 10, 1929 – January 9, 2021) was an American politician and public administrator.  A Democrat, he was a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly for 10 years (1993–2003), representing Green Bay.
Lambourn (surname)
Lambourn is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Arthur Lambourn (1910–1999), New Zealand rugby union player

George Lambourn (1900–1977), British artist

Elizabeth Lambourn (born 1966), British historian

Elizabeth Lambourn
Elizabeth Anne Lambourn, FBA (born 6 July 1966) is a British historian and academic, specialising in medieval history, the Indian Ocean, material culture and cross-cultural studies. Since 2021, she has been Professor of Material Histories at De Montfort University; she had joined the university in 2002 as a postdoctoral research fellow.

She studied art history at the University of Edinburgh, graduating with an undergraduate Master of Arts (MA Hons) degree in 1988. She later undertook a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degree in art and archaeology at SOAS University of London. She graduated in 1999, with a doctoral thesis titled "'A collection of merits gathered from different sources': the Islamic marble carving and architecture of Cambay in Gujarat between 1200 and 1350 AD."

In July 2023, she was elected Fellow of the British Academy (FBA), the United Kingdom's national academy for the humanities and social sciences.
Loyalty (Screwball album)
Loyalty is the second studio album by American hip hop group Screwball. It was released on June 26, 2001, via Hydra Entertainment/Landspeed Records. Recording sessions took place at C Mo' Greens Studio in New York. Production was mainly handled by Godfather Don and Ayatollah. It features guest appearances from Black Attack, Complexion, Cormega, Kool G Rap, Matrix Bars, M.O.P., Nature, N.O.R.E. and Tragedy Khadafi. The album peaked at number 185 on the US Billboard 200. Its lead single, Lee Stone-produced "Torture", made it to #78 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs and #2 on the Hot Rap Songs.

Hot Rap Songs
Hot Rap Songs (formerly known as Hot Rap Tracks and Hot Rap Singles) is a chart released weekly by Billboard in the United States. It lists the 25 most popular hip-hop/rap songs, calculated weekly by airplay on rhythmic and urban radio stations and sales in hip hop-focused or exclusive markets. Streaming data, digital downloads and All-Format radio stations were added to the methodology of determining chart rankings in 2012. From 1989 through 2001, it was based on how much the single sold in that given week.
Harry Merlo
Harry A. Merlo (March 5, 1925 – October 24, 2016) was an American businessman and philanthropist in the state of Oregon. A native of California, he was chief executive of then Fortune 500 company Louisiana-Pacific after it was divested by forest products company Georgia-Pacific, which were both then headquartered in Portland, Oregon.

Fortune 500
The Fortune 500 is an annual list compiled and published by Fortune magazine that ranks 500 of the largest United States corporations by total revenue for their respective fiscal years. The list includes publicly held companies, along with privately held companies for which revenues are publicly available. The concept of the Fortune 500 was created by Edgar P. Smith, a Fortune editor, and the first list was published in 1955. The Fortune 500 is more commonly used than its subset Fortune 100 or superset Fortune 1000.
Fighting 2 Quarters and a Nickel
Fighting 2 Quarters and a Nickel is a live performance album by Rake., released in 1998 through VHF Records. The front cover photograph and design is a direct reference to the 1978 album Heavy Organ by organist Virgil Fox.

Virgil Fox
Virgil Keel Fox (May 3, 1912 in Princeton, Illinois – October 25, 1980 in Palm Beach, Florida) was an American organist, known especially for his years as organist at Riverside Church in New York City, from 1946 to 1965, and his flamboyant "Heavy Organ" concerts of the music of Bach in the 1970s, staged complete with light shows. Many of his recordings on the RCA Victor and Capitol labels, mostly in the 1950s and 1960s, have been remastered and re-released on compact disc.