hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Twelve Chairs (Shostakovich)
The Twelve Chairs (Russian: Двенадцать стульев, romanized: Dvenadtsat stulyev) is an unfinished operetta by Dmitri Shostakovich based on the 1928 novel The Twelve Chairs by Ilf and Petrov. Shostakovich announced the work in July 1939, for the Leningrad Theater of Musical Comedy. In October that year, he assumed he would be finished with the operetta at the end of that year, but he never finished the work.

The music was written in 1939, along with work on an unfinished Lenin Symphony and seven other operas, which included an opera about the Baltic Fleet in 1917, an unidentified Civil War opera, operatic adaptations of his music for Volochayevka Days, and The Great Citizen, the novels A Hero of Our Time and Masquerade by Lermontov, How the Steel Was Tempered by Ostrovsky, and incidental music for Romain Rolland's play Liluli. Only a little music from The Twelve Chairs has survived from this period of false starts.

How the Steel Was Tempered
How the Steel Was Tempered (Russian: Как закалялась сталь, romanized: Kak zakalyalas stal) or The Making of a Hero, is a socialist realist novel written by Nikolai Ostrovsky (1904–1936). With 36.4 million copies sold, it is one of the best-selling books of all time and the best-selling book in the Russian language.
Church Farm Industrial School for Boys
The Church Farm Industrial School for Boys was an industrial school in East Barnet. It was founded by Crimean War veteran and Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood patron Lt Col William James Gillum in 1860 after buying a farmhouse on part of the estate of Trevor Park for use as a farm branch of Boys' Home Industrial School on Euston Road in Central London. Gillum became the first superintendent and was assisted by his wife Leonora. In 1863 it became a certified industrial school independent of the Euston Road school and began to receive boys committed to it through magistrates courts. In 1933 it became an approved school and moved to Surrey in 1937.

It once provided the choristers for the nearby church. Some of the buildings are now used as the Oakhill Campus of Mill Hill County High School, other parts as a leisure centre and others as housing.

Several buildings in the grounds of the school are listed with Historic England.

Approved school
An approved school was a type of residential institution in the United Kingdom to which young people could be sent by a court, usually for committing offences but sometimes because they were deemed to be beyond parental control. They were modelled on ordinary boarding schools, from which it was relatively easy to leave without permission. This set approved schools apart from borstals, a tougher and more enclosed kind of youth prison.

The term came into general use in 1933 when approved schools were created out of the earlier "industrial" and "reformatory" schools. Following the Children and Young Persons Act 1969, they were replaced by Community Homes, with responsibility devolved to local councils; in Singapore, which by 1971, was no longer under British rule, the term approved schools continued to exist.
2023 NASCAR Mexico Series
The 2023 NASCAR Mexico Series was the sixteenth season of the NASCAR Mexico Series, a regional stock car racing series sanctioned by NASCAR in Mexico. It was the nineteenth season of the series as a NASCAR-sanctioned series. It began with the Los Cabos 200 at Súper Óvalo Chiapas on 26 March and ended with a race at Autódromo Hermanos Rodríguez on 5 November. Salvador de Alba won the championship. It was his second championship in three years as he also won the 2021 series championship.

Salvador de Alba
Salvador de Alba Jr. (born 11 December 1999) is a Mexican racing driver who competes full-time in Indy NXT driving for HMD Motorsports, having previously driven for Andretti Global. He is a two-time NASCAR PEAK Mexico Series champion, winning it in 2021 and 2023 and four-time Gran turismo (SuperCopa) Mexico champion, winning it in 2019, 2021, 2022 and 2023.
ManiFiesta
ManiFiesta is an annual cultural and political festival in Belgium, organized by the magazine Solidair(e) and the health centres Médecine pour le Peuple. From 2010 to 2019 it was held in Bredene on the Belgian coast, after which it moved to Ostend. The 2023 edition received 16,900 visitors. Prominent speakers have included Aleida Guevara, Angela Davis, Chris Smalls, Dilma Rousseff, Jean-Luc Mélenchon, Omar Barghouti, Rutger Bregman, Shawn Fain, and leaders of the Workers' Party of Belgium, such as Raoul Hedebouw and Peter Mertens.

Omar Barghouti
Omar Barghouti (Arabic: عمر البرغوثي, born 1964) is a founding committee member of the Palestinian Campaign for the Academic and Cultural Boycott of Israel (PACBI) and a co-founder of the Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions (BDS) movement. He received the Gandhi Peace Award in 2017.
Transferable utility
Transferable utility is a concept in cooperative game theory and in economics. Utility is transferable if one player can losslessly transfer part of its utility to another player. Such transfers are possible if the players have a common currency that is valued equally by all. Note that being able to transfer cash payoffs does not imply that utility is transferable: wealthy and poor players may derive a different utility from the same amount of money.

Transferable utility is assumed in many cooperative games, where the payoffs are not given for individual players, but only for coalitions. In this case the assumption implies that irrespective of the division of the coalitional payoff, members of the coalition enjoy the same total utility.

Coalition
A coalition is formed when two or more people or groups temporarily work together to achieve a common goal. The term is most frequently used to denote a formation of power in political, military, or economic spaces.
Merry Christmas Jakey Boy
"Merry Christmas Jakey Boy" is a single released exclusively for the Irish market in December 2006 by Jake Stevens. Stevens is an alter ego of the comedian PJ Gallagher who features in the popular RTÉ Two hidden camera/comedy style television series, Naked Camera. The Jakey Boy in the song's title refers obviously to Stevens himself. The single reached number nine in the Irish Singles Chart and was performed on a number of television shows including The Cafe and Tubridy Tonight.

RTÉ2
RTÉ2 (formerly known as Network 2, N2 and RTÉ Two) is an Irish free-to-air television channel owned and operated by RTÉ. It was launched on 2 November 1978 as Ireland's second television channel, at which point the pre-existing channel was renamed RTÉ 1 (currently RTÉ One).
The channel airs content aimed at 16-45 year-olds.
This D.J.
"This D.J." is a song by American hip hop artist Warren G, released in July 1994 by Def Jam as the second single from his debut album, Regulate...G Funk Era (1994). Released as the follow-up to his hit song "Regulate", "This D.J." was another success for Warren G, becoming his second consecutive top-10 single in the US, peaking at number nine on the Billboard Hot 100 and  receiving gold certification by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), having sold 600,000 copies.

Warren G revealed in 2023, during an interview for Drink Champs, that "This DJ"'s chorus was written by Snoop Dogg, that was supposed to perform it as well, but because of discrepancies between their labels, he couldn't be on the song and Warren G performed it instead. Because of the label's involvement, Snoop Dogg was ultimately not credited for the writing as well. The song was nominated for the Best Rap Solo Performance at the 37th Annual Grammy Awards.

Def Jam Recordings
Def Jam Recordings (also simply known as Def Jam) is an American multinational record label owned by Universal Music Group. It is based in Manhattan, New York City, specializing predominantly in hip-hop, contemporary R&B, soul and pop.

The label has a London-based, UK arm known as 0207 Def Jam (formerly Def Jam UK in the 1990s until the mid-2000s) and is currently operated through EMI Records. It has a Johannesburg, South Africa and Lagos, Nigeria-based arm known as Def Jam Africa.
Yi Sun (academic)
Yi Sun (Chinese: 孙毅) is an American scientist of Chinese origin. He is a molecular biologist and oncologist, and his research is focused on how altered protein Ubiquitylation and Neddylation contribute to cancer development. Sun is a Professor Emeritus of Radiation Oncology at the University of Michigan.

Sun is the Qiushi Chair Professor at the second Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine in China. He has published over 290 papers in peer-reviewed journals with an H-index of 78 and over 39,000 citations. Sun has been a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science since 2012.

Neddylation
Neddylation (also NEDDylation) is the process by which the ubiquitin-like protein NEDD8 is conjugated to its target proteins. This process is analogous to ubiquitination, although it relies on its own enzymes.  It is an enzymatic cascade catalyzed by first UBA3 and NAE1, which form the NEDD8 activation enzyme (E1), then the NEDD8 conjugating enzyme UBE2M or UBE2F (E2), and finally the NEDD8 ligase E3, which will bind the substrate NEDD8 to the target protein. The target protein will then have its activity, localization and/or stability affected.
Proteins targeted by neddylation can be largely divided into two groups: cullins and non-cullins. Cullins, when neddylated, release CAND1 from its inhibitory binding, and that leads to the activation of Cullin Ring Ligases, which in turn perform ubiquitination.
Jason Pusey
Jason Lee Pusey (born 18 February 1989)  is a Gibraltarian former footballer. Beginning his career in the famed youth set up at Atlético Madrid, Pusey went on to play in Spain and Gibraltar, as well as earning 4 caps for his national side. His final club was East Riding County League side South Cave United, with whom he played for the 2022–23 season.

In July 2024, Pusey was sentenced to 11 years and three months in prison after being convicted of supplying cocaine and cannabis.

Pepe Reyes Cup
The Pepe Reyes Cup is the Gibraltarian football super cup, contested by the winners of the Gibraltar Football League and the Rock Cup at the Victoria Stadium. In the event that a team wins both the GFL and the Rock Cup, the GFL runners up will face the double winners.

The cup is dedicated to Jose Reyes, president of the Gibraltar Football Association during the 1990s.
Marianne Leone Cooper
Marianne Leone Cooper (born January 2, 1952) is an American film and television actress, screenwriter and essayist. Her  longest-running recurring role was playing Christopher Moltisanti's mother on The Sopranos.

True Love (1989 film)
True Love is a 1989 American comedy film directed by Nancy Savoca and starring Annabella Sciorra and Ron Eldard. An unflinching look at the realities of love and marriage which offers no "happily ever after" ending, it won the Grand Jury Prize at the 1989 Sundance Film Festival.
2008–2009 Chile listeriosis outbreak
The 2008–2009 Chile listeriosis outbreak was an epidemic outbreak of listeriosis in that country, caused by the species Listeria monocytogenes, which spread mainly through foods of animal origin, such as cecina, sausages, cheese and other dairy products. As of August 2009, 164 cases had been recorded, with a total of 16 deaths, among whom different strains of the bacterium were detected.

While in 2008 the outbreak was restricted to the Santiago Metropolitan Region, where the strain called "clone 009" predominated, in 2009 it spread to the regions of Valparaíso, O'Higgins, Maule, Biobío and Araucanía, through a different strain, called "clone 001".

Valparaíso Region
The Valparaíso Region (Spanish: Región de Valparaíso, pronounced [valpaɾaˈiso]) is one of Chile's 16 first order administrative divisions. With the country's second-highest population of 1,896,053 as of 2024, and fourth-smallest area of 16,396.1 km2 (6,331 sq mi), the region is Chile's second most densely populated after the Santiago Metropolitan Region to the southeast. The region also includes Chile's remote islands of the Pacific Ocean, including Rapa Nui and the Juan Fernandez Islands.

Its capital is the port city of Valparaíso; other important cities include Viña del Mar, Quillota, San Felipe, Quilpué, Villa Alemana, and San Antonio.
Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering
The Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering (German: Fraunhofer-Institut für Angewandte Optik und Feinmechanik), also referred to as the Fraunhofer IOF and abbreviated as IOF, is a research institute of the Fraunhofer Society, located in Jena, Thuringia, Germany. Its activities are attributed to applied research and development in the branch of natural sciences in the field of optics and precision engineering. The institute was founded in 1992.

Applied science
Applied science is the application of the scientific method and scientific knowledge to attain practical goals. It includes a broad range of disciplines, such as engineering and medicine. Applied science is often contrasted with basic science, which is focused on advancing scientific theories and laws that explain and predict natural or other phenomena.

There are applied natural sciences, as well as applied formal and social sciences. Applied science examples include genetic epidemiology which applies statistics and probability theory, and applied psychology, including criminology.
United Kingdom Accreditation Service
The United Kingdom Accreditation Service (UKAS) is the sole national accreditation body recognised by the British government to assess the competence of organisations that provide certification, testing, inspection and calibration services. It evaluates these conformity assessment bodies and then accredits them where they are found to meet relevant internationally specified standards.

Calibration
In measurement technology and metrology, calibration is the comparison of measurement values delivered by a device under test with those of a calibration standard of known accuracy. Such a standard could be another measurement device of known accuracy, a device generating the quantity to be measured such as a voltage, a sound tone, or a physical artifact, such as a meter ruler.

The outcome of the comparison can result in one of the following:

no significant error being noted on the device under test

a significant error being noted but no adjustment made

an adjustment made to correct the error to an acceptable level

Strictly speaking, the term "calibration" means just the act of comparison and does not include any subsequent adjustment.

The calibration standard is normally traceable to a national or international standard held by a metrology body.
Casta Diva (1935 film)
Casta Diva is a 1935 Italian musical drama film directed by Carmine Gallone and starring Mártha Eggerth, Lamberto Picasso and Gualtiero Tumiati. The film won Best Italian Film at the 1935 Venice International Film Festival. An English-language version The Divine Spark was made at the same time, also directed by Gallone and starring Eggerth. Gallone remade the film in 1954 in Technicolor.

The film's sets were designed by the art directors Werner Schlichting and Enrico Verdozzi. Location shooting took place around Catania in Sicily.

In Bellini's opera, Norma, the soprano's plea to the moon goddess in Act I begins Casta diva, and the aria is well known by that name.

Carmine Gallone
Carmine Gallone (10 September 1885 – 11 March 1973) was an early Italian film director, screenwriter, and film producer, who was also controversial for his works of pro-Fascist propaganda and historical revisionism. Considered one of Italian cinema's leading early directors, he directed over 120 films in his fifty-year career between 1913 and 1963.
Amanda Mynhardt
Amanda Mynhardt (born 9 January 1986) is a South African netball player. She plays in the positions of GK and GD. She is currently captain of the South Africa national netball team and has competed in the 2010 Commonwealth Games in Delhi and the 2011 World Netball Championships in Singapore. She has also participated in the 2010 World Netball Series and the 2011 World Netball Series, both held in Liverpool, UK. In October 2012, she travelled with the Proteas to participate in the 2012 Netball Quad Series, and in November 2012 she was a member of the Proteas Fast5 team in the 2012 Fast5 Netball World Series where she won a bronze medal.

In 2012, she travelled to New Zealand to play club netball. She was selected into the North NPC team, where she was coached by ex-Silver Ferns coach Yvonne Willering.

South Africa national netball team
The South Africa national netball team, also known as the SPAR Proteas, represent Netball South Africa in international netball tournaments, such as the Netball World Cup, the Commonwealth Games, the Netball Quad Series and the Fast5 Netball World Series. Their best result in a major tournament is a silver medal at the 1995 World Netball Championships. As of 1 March 2024, South Africa are currently fifth in the World Netball Rankings.
Gene Elliott
Eugene Birminghouse Elliott (February 8, 1889 – January 5, 1976) was a  Major League Baseball outfielder. Ellitott played for the New York Highlanders in the 1911 season. In 5 career games, he had 1 hit, in 13 at-bats, a .077 batting average. He batted left and threw right-handed.

Elloitt was born in Fayette County, Pennsylvania and died in Huntingdon, Pennsylvania.

Fayette County, Pennsylvania
Fayette County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. It is located in southwestern Pennsylvania, adjacent to Maryland and West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 128,804. Its county seat is Uniontown. The county was created on September 26, 1783, from part of Westmoreland County and named after the Marquis de Lafayette. The county is part of the Southwest region of the commonwealth.

Fayette County is part of the Pittsburgh, PA Metropolitan Statistical Area. The southern border of Fayette County is the southern border of Pennsylvania at both the Pennsylvania–Maryland state line (the Mason–Dixon line) and the Pennsylvania–West Virginia state line.
Ranfurly Shield 1970–1979
The Ranfurly Shield, colloquially known as the Log o' Wood, is a trophy in New Zealand's domestic rugby union competition. First played for in 1904, the Ranfurly Shield is based on a challenge system, rather than a league or knockout competition as with most football trophies. The holding union must defend the Shield in challenge matches, and if a challenger defeats them, they become the new holder of the Shield.

Canterbury began the decade as shield holders, and held it two separate times throughout the 1970s. Marlborough notably won their first shield challenge in 1973, and held it for six successful defences before losing it to South Canterbury.

Canterbury Rugby Football Union
The Canterbury Rugby Football Union (which is also referred to as Canterbury or CRFU) is the governing body for rugby union in a portion of the Canterbury region of New Zealand, and runs the Canterbury representative team. The Canterbury team has won the National Provincial Championship, Air New Zealand Cup, and the ITM Cup 14 times including a "six-peat" from 2008 to 2013 – with five in the National Provincial Championship, two in the Air New Zealand Cup, five in the ITM Cup and one in the Mitre 10 Cup. Their most recent victory was the 2017 Mitre 10 Cup. Canterbury also acts as a primary feeder to the Crusaders, who play in the Super Rugby competition.

The union also administers all club rugby within the region, including senior club rugby and school rugby. Canterbury has produced the most All Blacks of any New Zealand region, with Scott Barrett becoming Canterbury's 200th All Black in 2016.
Laveen, Phoenix
Laveen (/ləˈviːn/ lə-VEEN) is a community in Maricopa County, Arizona, United States, situated eight miles (13 km) southwest of Downtown Phoenix, between South Mountain and the confluence of the Gila and Salt rivers. Parts of Laveen constitute an unincorporated community in Maricopa County, while the remainder falls within the city limits of Phoenix, constituting the city's "Laveen Village" an urban village. Laveen Village is split between District 7 and District 8, both notable as minority-majority districts for the city. Although Laveen has been home to "pastoral alfalfa, cotton, and dairy farms" since the 1880s, housing and commercial developments have been increasingly urbanizing the area.

Sierra Estrella
The Estrella Mountains or The Sierra Estrella (O'odham: Komaḍk, Maricopa: Vii Lyxa, Yavapai: Wi:kchasa) is a mountain range located southwest of Phoenix, Arizona.  Much of the range falls within the Gila River Indian Reservation, but 14,400 acres (5,800 ha) of BLM land is protected as the Sierra Estrella Wilderness, and is also located near Goodyear, Arizona
The Bus Uncle
The Bus Uncle is a Hong Kong Cantonese viral video depicting a verbal altercation between two men aboard a KMB bus in Hong Kong on 27 April 2006. The older and more belligerent of the two men was quickly nicknamed the "Bus Uncle", from the common Hong Kong practice of referring to older men as "Uncle" (阿叔). The altercation was recorded by a nearby passenger and uploaded to the Hong Kong Golden Forum, YouTube, and Google Video. The video became YouTube's most viewed video in May 2006, attracting viewers with the Bus Uncle's rhetorical outbursts and copious use of profanity, receiving 1.7 million hits in the first 3 weeks of that month.

The video became a cultural sensation in Hong Kong, sparking debate and discussion on lifestyle, etiquette, civic awareness and media ethics within the city, and attracted the attention from media outlets around the world.

HKGolden
The HKGolden (Hong Kong Golden Forum; Chinese: 香港高登討論區) is an Internet forum for topics related to computer hardware and software among Internet users in Hong Kong in the early 2000s. HKGolden has become an Internet community. The forum is a part of HKGolden.com, a computer information portal named after the Golden Computer Centre – a shopping centre of computer products in Sham Shui Po, Kowloon, Hong Kong. Since 2006, it has become a popular and general platform for all Hong Kong netizen. It was the concentration platform of funny and satirical derivative works. However, due to the poor management of the administrators, many users have left in 2016.

Access to the website is blocked to users in Mainland China by the Great Firewall of China.
Adrian Tantari
Adrian Tantari (born 15 March 1961) is an Australian former politician. He was elected to the Queensland Legislative Assembly as the Labor member for Hervey Bay at the 2020 Queensland state election and held the seat for one term until his defeat at the 2024 state election. Despite being considered a safe seat for the Liberal National Party in 2020, he achieved an eleven-point swing and won the seat with a majority of two percent, the first non-LNP victory in Hervey Bay since 2006.

Electoral district of Hervey Bay
Hervey Bay is an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of Queensland. It contains the majority of its namesake city, Hervey Bay, and also includes K'gari, formerly known as Fraser Island.
Dysart, County Roscommon
Dysart (Irish: An Díseart) is a village in County Roscommon, Ireland. It lies 20 km (12 mi) from the centre of Athlone, on the  R363 regional road.  Located at the crossroads of the R363 and the R357, the village was formerly known as 'Thomas Street'. Dysart is beside a civil parish of the same name.

Dysart village has two public houses, a grocery store, community centre, football pitch (home of Dysart F.C.), and a Roman Catholic graveyard and church (St. Patrick's).

County Roscommon
County Roscommon (Irish: Contae Ros Comáin) is a county in Ireland. It is part of the province of Connacht and the Northern and Western Region. It is the 11th largest Irish county by area and 26th most populous. Its county town and largest town is Roscommon. Roscommon County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county was 70,259 as of the 2022 census.