hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jonathan Orszag
Jonathan Marc Orszag is an American economist and former government official. He is a Founding Partner of Econic Partners LLC, an economic consulting firm.  He previously was a co-founder of Compass Lexecon, LLC.  Orszag sold Compass (or Competition Policy Associates) to FTI Consulting, Inc. (NYSE: FCN) in 2006. His work has been recognized in The International Who's Who of Competition Economists and Global Competition Review. During the Bill Clinton administration, Orszag served within the National Economic Council (NEC) as an economic policy advisor.

Compass Lexecon
Compass Lexecon is a global economic consulting firm founded in 1977 with headquarters in Chicago, Illinois. It provides analysis of economic issues pertaining to competition practice and competition law for use in legal and regulatory proceedings, strategic decisions, and public policy debates. Compass Lexecon operates as a wholly owned subsidiary of the parent firm FTI Consulting.

Chairman and president is Daniel Fischel. Compass Lexecon has 23 office locations in the Americas, Europe, Middle East, and Asia.
Djebel Bouramli
34°29′30″N 8°32′36″E﻿ / ﻿34.4918°N 8.5432°E﻿ / 34.4918; 8.5432

Djebel Bouramli is a mountain located in the governorate of Gafsa, in the south-west of Tunisia.

It is in the center of a natural reserve created in 1993 and covers an area of fifty hectares.

Gafsa Governorate
Gafsa Governorate (Tunisian Arabic: ولاية ڨفصة Wilāyat Gafṣa; French: Gouvernorat de Gafsa) is one of the 24 governorates of Tunisia. It is situated in central Tunisia, bordering Algeria. It covers an area of 7807 km2 and has a population of 337,331 (2014 census). The capital of the city is Gafsa. The governorate is considered a primarily mining region. Phosphate is the region's main resource, with 47 industrial enterprises located there.
Mirbelia balsiformis
Mirbelia balsiformis is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to the far west of Western Australia. It is an erect to sprawling shrub with leaves reduced to triangular scales, and yellow to orange and red flowers arranged in racemes on the side of the branchlets.

Papilionaceous flower
Papilionaceous flowers (from Latin: papilion, a butterfly) are flowers with the characteristic irregular and butterfly-like corolla found in many, though not all, plants of the species-rich Faboideae subfamily of legumes. Tournefort suggested that the term Flores papilionacei originated with Valerius Cordus, who applied it to the flowers of the bean.
Kimberly Graves
Kimberly Graves is a senior executive director for the St. Paul, Minnesota office of the Veterans Benefits Administration or VBA, a subsidiary organization of the United States Department of Veterans Affairs (VA). She is most known for a controversy beginning in 2014 in which she, along with another executive director within the VA, was accused of abusing her authority to take advantage of the VA's PCS procedures and of embezzling public funds.

The misconduct and lack of consequences of Graves were noted by both Democratic and Republican lawmakers. The wake of Graves scandal lead to  the passage of laws aimed at increasing accountability for VA employees, including the VA Accountability and Whistleblower Justice Protection Act. However, Graves is still serving as the Senior Executive Director of the Saint Paul Regional Office.

Permanent change of station
In the United States Armed Forces, a permanent change of station (PCS) is the assignment, detail, or transfer of a member or unit to a different duty station under competent orders which neither specify the duty as temporary, nor provide for further assignment to a new station, nor direct return to the old station. (For a more detailed definition, see the Joint Travel Regulations (JTR), Appendix A.).

This is distinct from a permanent change of assignment (PCA), which describes the reassignment of active duty personnel to a new unit within the same military post.

This term is also used for other United States government employees, such as a Foreign Service Officer, special agent, diplomats, and other civilian, non-military personnel, being stationed in embassies and consulates around the world.
Xylocaryon
Xylocaryon is an extinct genus of plants in the family Proteaceae. The sole species is Xylocaryon lockii from south-eastern Australia, described from fossilised fruits found at Nintingbool near Ballarat, Victoria and Flinders Island in Tasmania. The fruit structure suggests a close relationship with the extant genus Eidothea.

Flinders Island
Flinders Island, the largest island in the Furneaux Group, is a 1,367-square-kilometre (528 sq mi) island in the Bass Strait, northeast of the island of Tasmania. Today Flinders Island is part of the state of Tasmania, Australia. It is 54 kilometres (34 mi) from Cape Portland and is located on 40° south, a zone known as the Roaring Forties.
Bohuňovice (Svitavy District)
Bohuňovice is a municipality and village in Svitavy District in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 100 inhabitants.

Bohuňovice lies approximately 23 kilometres (14 mi) north-west of Svitavy, 38 km (24 mi) south-east of Pardubice, and 133 km (83 mi) east of Prague.

Pardubice
Pardubice (Czech pronunciation: [ˈpardubɪtsɛ] ⓘ; German: Pardubitz) is a city in the Czech Republic. It has about 92,000 inhabitants. It is the capital city of the Pardubice Region and lies on the Elbe River. The historic centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument reservation.

Pardubice is known as a centre of industry, with dominant industries being the chemical industry, electrical engineering and mechanical engineering. The city is also well known for its sporting events, which include the Velká pardubická (a cross-country steeplechase), the Golden Helmet of Pardubice in motorcycle racing, and the Czech Open international chess and board games festival.
2026 United States House of Representatives elections in Tennessee
The 2026 United States House of Representatives elections in Tennessee will be held on November 3, 2026, to elect the nine U.S. representatives from the State of Tennessee, one from all nine of the state's congressional districts. The elections will coincide with other elections to the House of Representatives, elections to the United States Senate, and various state and local elections. The primary elections will take place on August 6, 2026.

John Rose (Tennessee politician)
John Williams Rose (born February 23, 1965) is an American politician and businessman serving as the U.S. representative for Tennessee's 6th congressional district since 2019. A member of the Republican Party, he previously served as the 33rd agriculture commissioner of Tennessee from 2002 to 2003.

Rose is currently running for Governor of Tennessee in the 2026 gubernatorial election.
Enrique Díaz (footballer, born 1982)
Enrique David Díaz Velázquez (born 4 September 1982 in Salto), commonly known as Enrique Díaz, is a Uruguayan footballer who plays as a centre back for Independiente Petrolero in the Liga de Fútbol Profesional Boliviano.

Salto, Uruguay
Salto (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈsalto]) is the capital city of the Salto Department in northwestern Uruguay. As of the 2023 census it had a population of 114,084 and is the second most populated city in Uruguay, after Montevideo.
Albasini
Albasini is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

João Albasini (1813–1888), South African trader

João dos Santos Albasini (1876–1922), Mozambican journalist, writer, and political activist

Michael Albasini (born 1980), Swiss cyclist

João dos Santos Albasini
João dos Santos Albasini, also named in Ronga as Nwandzengele, (November 2, 1876 – August 15, 1922) was an influential Mozambican journalist, writer, and political activist who advocated for the rights of indigenous Africans under Portuguese colonial rule in Lourenço Marques (modern-day Maputo). He was one of the founding members of the political group O Grêmio Africano ("The African Guild") and editor, director and frequent contributor to the organization's political newspapers O Africano ("The African") and O Brado Africano ("The African Roar").
Victoria Swing Bridge
The Victoria Swing Bridge is a swing bridge in Leith docks, Edinburgh, Scotland, which carried a dock road (and previously twin railway lines) across the Water of Leith at a point where it is canalised as the Inner Harbour. It was built to improve passage between the west and east sides of the Port of Leith. The bridge is no longer operational and is now just a footpath.

Water of Leith
The Water of Leith (Scottish Gaelic: Uisge Lìte) is a river in Edinburgh, Scotland. It rises in the Pentland Hills before flowing through the centre of the city and emptying into the Firth of Forth at the port of Leith.
Agujari
Agujari or Aguiari is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Eleonora Aguiari (born 1969), Italian installation artist and author

Lucrezia Aguiari,  Italian coloratura soprano

Giuseppe Agujari (1843–1885), Italian-Argentine painter

Tito Agujari (1834–1908), Italian portraitist and history painter

Lucrezia Aguiari
Lucrezia Aguiari (sometimes spelled Agujari) (1743/46 in Ferrara – 18 May 1783 in Parma) was an Italian coloratura soprano. She possessed an unusually agile voice with a large vocal range that spanned slightly more than three and a half octaves; faculties that enabled her to perform the most difficult passage work. In a letter dated 24 March 1770 Leopold Mozart wrote of hearing her perform a C an octave above high C at the Ducal opera of Parma, "I could not believe that she was able to reach C soprano acuto, but my ears convinced me." Aldous Huxley also mentioned this event in his novel Brave New World, (misspelt as 'Ajugari').
American Electric Power Co. v. Connecticut
American Electric Power Company v. Connecticut, 564 U.S. 410 (2011), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court, in an 8–0 decision, held that corporations cannot be sued for greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs) under federal common law, primarily because the Clean Air Act (CAA) delegates the management of carbon dioxide and other GHG emissions to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).  Brought to court in July 2004 in the Southern District of New York, this was the first global warming case based on a public nuisance claim.

United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit
The United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit (in case citations, 2d Cir.) is a federal court with appellate jurisdiction over the district courts in the following districts:

District of Connecticut

Eastern District of New York

Northern District of New York

Southern District of New York

Western District of New York

District of Vermont
Folimage
Folimage is a French animation studio, based in Bourg-lès-Valence, Drôme, France. It was founded in 1981 by Jacques-Rémy Girerd. The studio produces animation films for cinema and TV (short films, TV specials and series, feature films). In 1999, the company founded an animation school, La Poudrière, also in Valence. In 2009, Folimage and La Poudrière moved to  La Cartoucherie, a former munitions factory in Bourg-lès-Valence.

Drôme
Drôme (French pronunciation: [dʁom] ⓘ; Occitan: Droma; Arpitan: Drôma) is the southernmost department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of Southeastern France. Named after the river Drôme, it had a population of 516,762 as of 2019. Drôme's prefecture is Valence.

The southern portion of the Drôme, closest to Provence, is often known as the fr:Drôme Provençale.
Howz-e Galurshur
Howz-e Galurshur (Persian: حوض گلورشور, also Romanized as Ḩowẕ-e Galūrshūr; also known as Ḩowẕ-e Galūshūr and Hauz-i Galūshūr) is a village in Dokuheh Rural District, Seh Qaleh District, Sarayan County, South Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 26, in 4 families.

Sarayan County
Sarayan County (Persian: شهرستان سرایان) is in South Khorasan province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Sarayan. Sarayan is in the north central part of the province. The county was a part of Ferdows County until May 2004.
Otoites
Otoites is the type genus of the ammonite family Otoitidae that live during the Middle Jurassic.

The Otoitidae, which is part of the superfamily Stephanoceratoidea, are part of the well known subclass of prehistoric cephalopods known in general terms as ammonites

Otoites is characterized by barrel-shaped, cadiconic, inner whorls and contracted last whorl; coarse ribs with long secondaries that come off of low lateral tubercles; and lappets flanking the aperture.

Middle Jurassic
The Middle Jurassic is the second epoch of the Jurassic Period. It lasted from about 174.1 to 161.5 million years ago. Fossils of land-dwelling animals, such as dinosaurs, from the Middle Jurassic are relatively rare, but geological formations containing land animal fossils include the Forest Marble Formation in England, the Kilmaluag Formation in Scotland, the Calcaire de Caen of France, the Daohugou Beds in China, the Itat Formation in Russia, the Tiourarén Formationof Niger, and the Isalo III Formation of western Madagascar. Rocks of the Middle Jurassic were formerly (until about 1980s) in Europe called Dogger or Brown Jurassic.
Hansen Lake (Kenora District)
Hansen Lake is a lake in the Unorganized Part of Kenora District in Northwestern Ontario, Canada. It is in the Hudson Bay drainage basin, and is within Woodland Caribou Provincial Park.

The primary inflows are the Rostoul River, arriving at the southeast from Glenn Lake, and Domain Creek, at the northeast. The primary outflow, at the northwest and leading towards Rostoul Lake, is the Rostoul River, which flows via the Gammon River, the Bloodvein River, Lake Winnipeg, and the Nelson River to Hudson Bay.

Nelson River
The Nelson River is a river of north-central North America, in the Canadian province of Manitoba. The river drains Lake Winnipeg and runs 644 kilometres (400 mi) before it ends in Hudson Bay near Port Nelson. Its full length (including the Saskatchewan River and Bow River) is 2,575 kilometres (1,600 mi), it has mean discharge of 2,370 cubic metres per second (84,000 cu ft/s), and has a drainage basin of 1,072,300 square kilometres (414,000 sq mi), of which 180,000 square kilometres (69,000 sq mi) is in the United States.
Sir Charles Knowles, 2nd Baronet
Sir Charles Henry Knowles, 2nd Baronet, GCB (24 August 1754 – 28 November 1831) was an officer of the Royal Navy, who saw service during the American War of Independence, and the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, eventually rising to the rank of Admiral. He was an extraordinary figure and a great tactical innovator.  Highly intellectual, he authored a number of signal books and had the chance to put his ideas into practice during his naval career. Knowles was at times beset by problems with discipline aboard his ships, often due to large proportions of raw recruits and untrained seamen. This may have been a factor in his rocky relationship with his superior, Sir John Jervis, which eventually led to Knowles's retirement from active service after the Battle of Cape St Vincent, and his concentration on scholarly studies of the issues affecting the naval service.

Admiral (Royal Navy)
Admiral (Adm) is a senior rank of the Royal Navy, which equates to the NATO rank code OF-9, outranked only by the rank of admiral of the fleet. Royal Navy officers holding the ranks of rear admiral, vice admiral and admiral of the fleet are sometimes considered generically to be admirals. The rank of admiral is currently the highest rank to which a serving officer in the Royal Navy can be promoted, admiral of the fleet being in abeyance except for honorary promotions of retired officers and members of the royal family.

The equivalent rank in the British Army and Royal Marines is general; and in the Royal Air Force, it is air chief marshal.
Vladyslav Revenko
Vladyslav Revenko (born 15 November 1984 in Kiev Oblast, Soviet Union) is a Ukrainian pole vaulter.

He won the silver medal at the 2002 World Junior Championships. He also competed at the 2005 European Indoor Championships and the 2005 World Championships without reaching the final.

His personal best jump is 5.80 metres, achieved in June 2005 in Leiria.

Kyiv Oblast
Kyiv Oblast (Ukrainian: Київська область, romanized: Kyivska oblast, IPA: [ˈkɪjiu̯sʲkɐ ˈɔblɐsʲtʲ]), also called Kyivshchyna (Київщинa, IPA: [ˈkɪjiu̯ʃtʃɪnɐ]), is an oblast (province) in central and northern Ukraine. It surrounds, but does not include, the city of Kyiv, which is administered as a city with special status. However, Kyiv also serves as the administrative center of the oblast. The Kyiv metropolitan area extends out from Kyiv city into parts of the oblast, which is significantly dependent on the urban economy and transportation of Kyiv.

The population of Kyiv Oblast is 1,795,079 (2022 estimate). Its largest city is Bila Tserkva, with a population over 200,000.

The Chernobyl Exclusion Zone is in the northern part of Kyiv Oblast. It is administered separately from the oblast and public access is prohibited.
2025 Gator Bowl (January)
The 2025 Gator Bowl was a college football bowl game played on January 2, 2025, at EverBank Stadium located in Jacksonville, Florida. The 80th annual Gator Bowl featured Duke from the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) and Ole Miss from the Southeastern Conference (SEC). The game began at approximately 8:00 p.m. EST and aired on ESPN.  The Gator Bowl was one of the 2024–25 bowl games concluding the 2024 FBS football season. The game was sponsored by financial technology company TaxSlayer and was officially known as the TaxSlayer Gator Bowl.

Ole Miss Rebels football
The Ole Miss Rebels football program represents the University of Mississippi, also known as "Ole Miss". The Rebels compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) as members of the Southeastern Conference (SEC). The Rebels play their home games at Vaught-Hemingway Stadium on the university's campus in University, Mississippi.

Founded in 1893, Ole Miss has won 6 Southeastern Conference titles, in 1947, 1954, 1955, 1960, 1962, 1963. The team has been co-national champion once, with Minnesota in 1960 (the only time that Ole Miss has been acknowledged as national champion by the NCAA). Ole Miss, however, has never finished a season No. 1 in the AP or Coaches' Poll. With a record of 26–15, Ole Miss has the third-highest postseason winning percentage of schools with 30 or more bowl appearances.

Pete Golding, the program's head coach, succeeded Lane Kiffin in November 2025.
Porbady
Porbady [pɔrˈbadɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Jonkowo, within Olsztyn County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.

Before 1772 the area was part of Kingdom of Poland, and in 1772–1945 it belonged to Prussia and Germany (East Prussia).

First Partition of Poland
The First Partition of Poland took place in 1772 as the first of three partitions that eventually ended the existence of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth by 1795. The growth of power in the Russian Empire threatened the Kingdom of Prussia and the Habsburg monarchy and was the primary motive behind the First Partition.

Frederick the Great, King in Prussia, engineered the partition to prevent Austria, which was envious of Russian successes against the Ottoman Empire, from going to war. Territories in Poland–Lithuania were divided by its more powerful neighbours (Austria, Russia and Prussia) to restore the regional balance of power in Central Europe among those three countries.

With Poland unable to defend itself effectively and foreign troops already inside the country, the Polish Sejm ratified the partition in 1773 during the Partition Sejm, which was convened by the three powers.
2018 in echinoderm paleontology
Paleontology portal

History of science portal

Dinosaurs portal

Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 2018.

Burrow
A burrow is a hole or tunnel excavated into the ground by an animal to construct a space suitable for habitation or temporary refuge, or as a byproduct of locomotion. Burrows provide a form of shelter against predation and exposure to the elements, and can be found in nearly every biome and among various biological interaction types, including symbiosis and competition. Many animal species are known to form burrows. These species range from small amphipods, to very large vertebrate species such as the polar bear. Burrows can be constructed into a wide variety of substrates and can range in complexity from a simple tube a few centimeters long to a complex network of interconnecting tunnels and chambers hundreds or thousands of meters in total length; an example of the latter level of complexity, a well-developed burrow, would be a rabbit warren.
Erin Pitt
Erin Michelle Pitt (born September 22, 1999) is a Canadian actress, known for her trio of roles in the horror film Silent Hill: Revelation, where she played Dark Alessa, Alessa Gillespie, and the younger Sharon DaSilva. Pitt's first leading role was in the 2013 film Against the Wild as Hanna Wade. She also played the title role in the 2014 made-for-television film An American Girl: Isabelle Dances Into the Spotlight. Pitt is a voice actress and is known for her roles in the television series The 99 as Samda the Invulnerable and Evie in the television series Mike the Knight.

The 99
The 99 (Arabic: الـ99 or التسعة وتسعون) is a comic book, created by Naif Al-Mutawa and published by Teshkeel Comics, featuring a team of superheroes with special abilities based on the 99 attributes of Allah in Islam but some are virtues encouraged by a number of faiths.

The character cast consists of Dr. Ramzi, a scholar and social activist, the 99 youngsters (some of them children), with special abilities conferred to them by "Noor" gemstones. The set of evil characters is led by the power-hungry Rughal, who seeks to steal the power of the Noor stones and their bearers for his personal benefit. The storyline pits the 99 led by Dr. Ramzi in their pursuit of social justice and peace against the forces of chaos and evil.
Capital punishment in Liberia
Capital punishment is a legal penalty in Liberia. However, Liberia is classified as a state that is "abolitionist in practice." Liberia last executed in 2000.

Liberia acceded to the Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights on 16 September 2005. However, Liberia expanded the scope of the death penalty in 2008, which was met with international criticism.  Later, in July 2022, the Senate of Liberia passed a bill to abolish the death penalty.

There were no new death sentences in Liberia in 2021. There was estimated to be at least 16 people on death row at the end of 2021.

Senate of Liberia
The Senate is the upper house of the bicameral legislative branch of Liberia, and together with the House of Representatives comprises the Legislature of Liberia. Each of the fifteen counties are equally represented by two senators, elected to serve staggered nine-year terms. The Senate meets at the Capitol Building in Monrovia.

The Senate is largely modeled on the United States Senate. The Constitution vests the legislative power of Liberia in both the Senate and the House, which must both concur on a bill prior to it being sent to the president. In addition, the Senate possesses several exclusive powers under the Constitution, including the power to advise and consent to the president's appointments to both the executive and judicial branches and the duty to try all public officials impeached by the House of Representatives.