hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Divan-i-Albisa
Divan-i-Albisa (Diwan-i-Albisa) is a 15th-century Persian language manuscript authored by Nizam al-Din Mahmud Qari of Yazd. Divan-i-Albisa is a collection of poems about clothes. It suggests on the origins of textiles and their importation into Persian markets from "Asia (Rum), Cathay (Khita), and Hindustan".

Hindustan
Hindustan (/ˈhɪn.du.stæn/ or /ˈhɪn.du.stɑn/, HIN-doo-stan; pronunciationⓘ), along with its shortened form Hind, is the Persian-language name for India, broadly the Indian subcontinent, that later became commonly used by its inhabitants in Hindi–Urdu. Historically the term also referred to the northern Indian subcontinent (the superior part of the Indo-Gangetic Plain and the regions north of the Vindhya Range in distinction to Deccan in the south) and particularly the Doab region of northern India. Since the partition of India in 1947, Hindustan continues to be used to the present day as a historic name for the Republic of India.

The Arabic equivalent of the term is al-Hind. Hindustan was also commonly spelt as Hindostan or Hindoostan in English.
DREAM (software)
The Distributed Real-time Embedded Analysis Method (DREAM) is a platform-independent open-source tool for the verification and analysis of distributed real-time and embedded (DRE) systems  which focuses on the practical application of formal verification and timing analysis to real-time middleware. DREAM supports formal verification of scheduling based on task timed automata using the Uppaal model checker and the Verimag IF toolset as well as the random testing of real-time components using a discrete event simulator. DREAM is developed at the Center for Embedded Computer Systems at the University of California, Irvine, in cooperation with researchers from Vanderbilt University.

Cross-platform software
Within computing, cross-platform software (also called multi-platform software, platform-agnostic software, or platform-independent software) is computer software that is designed to work in several computing platforms. Some cross-platform software requires a separate build for each platform, but some can be directly run on any platform without special preparation, being written in an interpreted language or compiled to portable bytecode for which the interpreters or run-time packages are common or standard components of all supported platforms.

For example, a cross-platform application may run on Linux, macOS and Microsoft Windows. Cross-platform software may run on many platforms, or as few as two. Some frameworks for cross-platform development are Codename One, ArkUI-X, Kivy, Qt, GTK, Flutter, NativeScript, Xamarin, Apache Cordova, Ionic, and React Native.
Songs from Dawson's Creek – Volume 2
Songs from Dawson's Creek – Volume 2 is the second soundtrack album for the teen drama series Dawson's Creek. Coinciding with television debut of the series's fourth season on The WB, it was released by Columbia Records and Sony Music on October 3, 2000 in the United States. Once again compromising a set of pop rock and folk pop songs, it features appearances by Evan & Jaron, Five for Fighting, The Jayhawks, Train, Wheatus, Jessica Andrews, Shawn Colvin, and Pete Yorn.

Jessica Andrews
Jessica Danielle Andrews Chagnon (born December 29, 1983) is an American country music singer. At age 15 in mid-1999, she made her debut on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) charts with the single "I Will Be There for You", from her debut album Heart Shaped World, released in 1999 on DreamWorks Records Nashville. Andrews had her biggest chart success in 2001 with the song "Who I Am", a No. 1 country hit and the title track of her second studio album, which was certified gold in the United States. A third album, Now was released in 2003 to lower sales, while a fourth album (tentatively titled Ain't That Life) was never released due to DreamWorks' closure. In late 2008, Andrews signed to Carolwood Records, an imprint of Lyric Street Records, however, she was dropped from the label in 2009 without issuing an album. Andrews has been married to Marcel, a singer-songwriter and music video director, since 2011.
Margarita of Diez
Margarita of Diez (German - Margarethe von Diez; 14 October 1544 – 12 July 1608) was a German noblewoman. Born in Spangenberg, she was the fourth child and eldest daughter of Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse and his second morganatic wife Margarethe von der Saale, whom he had married whilst still married to his first wife Christine of Saxony, with whom he had already had five sons and five daughters.

Christine of Saxony
Christine of Saxony (25 December 1505 – 15 April 1549) was a German noblewoman, landgravine consort of Hesse by her marriage to Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse. She was the regent of Hesse during the absence of her spouse in 1547–1549.
GJ 2030
GJ 2030 is a star in the constellation Eridanus. At an apparent magnitude of +6.206, it is close to the average threshold for naked eye visibility, and can only be viewed from sufficiently dark skies, far from light pollution. Parallax measurements by the Gaia spacecraft measured a distance of 121.7 light-years, give or take 0.4 light-years.

The spectrum of this star matches a spectral class of G5/6V, with the luminosity class V suggesting it is a main sequence star, but its physical properties suggest it is actually a subgiant. It has 1.02 times the Sun's mass and 2.43 times the Sun's radius. It radiates 4.06 times the Sun's luminosity from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 5,259 K. At this temperature, the star shines with a yellowish color typical of G-type stars.

GJ 2030 is likely a member of the thick disk population, with a substantially lower metallicity than the Sun. Its age is estimated at 6.39 billion years, older than the Solar System.

Metallicity
In astronomy, metallicity is the abundance of elements present in an object that are heavier than hydrogen and helium. Most of the normal currently detectable (i.e. non-dark) matter in the universe is either hydrogen or helium, and astronomers use the word metals as convenient shorthand for all elements except hydrogen and helium. This word-use is distinct from the conventional chemical or physical definition of a metal as an electrically conducting element. Stars and nebulae with relatively high abundances of heavier elements are called metal-rich when discussing metallicity, even though many of those elements are called nonmetals in chemistry.
Fred Swanton
Fred Wilder Swanton (1862–1940) was an American entrepreneur and real estate developer who served as mayor of Santa Cruz, California from 1927 until 1933. He promoted the expansion of Santa Cruz as a beach resort city. The seaside resort he established in 1904 remains today as the Santa Cruz Beach Boardwalk.

Seaside resort
A seaside resort is a city, town, village, or hotel that serves as a vacation resort and is located on a coast. Sometimes the concept includes an aspect of an official accreditation based on the satisfaction of certain requirements such as in the German Seebad. Where a beach is the primary focus for tourists, it may be called a beach resort.
Chiara Petrioli
Chiara Petrioli is an Italian computer scientist whose research interests include mobile computing, wireless networks, sensor networks, and underwater acoustic communication. She is a professor of computer science and engineering at Sapienza University of Rome, and director of the university's Sensor Networks and Embedded Systems (SENSES) Laboratory.

Petrioli was a student at Sapienza University, earning a bachelor's degree and Ph.D. there, before becoming a professor at the same university. She was named an IEEE Fellow, in the 2021 class of fellows, "for contributions to wireless and underwater networks". She won the GammaDonna 2022 Award for innovative female entrepreneurship of the Intesa Sanpaolo Innovation Center, for her work with startup company WSense.

Underwater acoustic communication
Underwater acoustic communication is a technique of sending and receiving messages in water. There are several ways of employing such communication but the most common is by using hydrophones. Underwater communication is difficult due to factors such as multi-path propagation, time variations of the channel, small available bandwidth and strong signal attenuation, especially over long ranges. Compared to terrestrial communication, underwater communication has low data rates because it uses acoustic waves instead of electromagnetic waves.

At the beginning of the 20th century some ships communicated by underwater bells as well as using the system for navigation. Submarine signals were at the time competitive with the primitive maritime radionavigation. The later Fessenden oscillator allowed communication with submarines.
Synallaxis (mythology)
In Greek mythology, Synallaxis or Synallasis (Ancient Greek: Συνάλλασις) was one of the Ionides nymphs whose spring waters were believed to cure diseases. She was an Elean naiad-daughter of the river-god Cytherus and sister to Pegaea, Calliphaea and Iasis.

River gods (Greek mythology)
In ancient Greek religion and mythology, rivers (Ancient Greek: ποταμοί, romanized: potamoí) were often personified as deities, and in a number of ancient Greek cities river gods were the subject of local worship. In Hesiod's Theogony, the river gods are the offspring of the Titans Oceanus and Tethys, and the brothers of the Oceanids. In Greek mythology, river deities – such as Inachus, Scamander, and Peneus – are often progenitors of local genealogical lines.

In the Iliad, there are references to sacrifices being made to river deities, including the sacrifice of ephebes' hair. During military campaigns into foreign territory, there is evidence of sacrifices having been made to rivers upon their crossing. River deities could also be invoked as witnesses to an oath.

Depictions of river deities in ancient Greek art often combine anthropomorphic features with bull-like elements such as horns.
Lagan, Sweden
Lagan is the second largest locality situated in Ljungby Municipality, Kronoberg County, Sweden, with 1,744 inhabitants in 2010. It is at an altitude of 139 meters (459 feet). It has got its name from the river Lagan, which passes nearby.

Kronoberg County
Kronoberg County (IPA: [ˈkrûːnʊˌbærj]; Swedish: Kronobergs län) is a county or län in southern Sweden. Kronoberg is one of three counties in the province of Småland. It borders the counties of Skåne, Halland, Jönköping, Kalmar, and Blekinge. Its capital is the city of Växjö. While Kronoberg is an inland county, the southernmost fringes are about 20 kilometres (12 mi) from the coastline.
Guangzhou Tram
Guangzhou Tram (Chinese: 广州有轨电车; or "YoungTram") is the tram system in Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China. It is operated by Guangzhou Tram Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Guangzhou Metro Corporation.

Huangpu, Guangzhou
Huangpu, alternately romanized as Whampoa, is one of 11 urban districts of the prefecture-level city of Guangzhou, the capital of Guangdong Province, China. Despite its name, it does not include Huangpu Island (now Pazhou) or its famous anchorage. Huangpu absorbed Guangzhou's former Luogang District in 2014. The district has been awarded the status of "Happiest District of China" in 2020.
Shelf Life (novel)
Shelf Life is a 2004 young adult novel by Robert Corbet. The book was first published in Australia on June 1, 2004 through Allen & Unwin and focuses on the workers of an unnamed supermarket. Shelf Life was nominated as one of the CBCA's "Notable Books of 2005" in the "Older Readers" category.

Children's Book Council of Australia
The Children's Book Council of Australia (CBCA) is a not for profit organisation which aims to engage the community with literature for young Australians. The CBCA presents the annual Children's Book of the Year Awards to books of literary merit, recognising their contribution to Australian children's literature.
Sotikakumman
Chao Sotikakumman (also spelled Xotikakumman or Sotika Koumane; Lao: ເຈົ້າໂຊຕິກະ; died 1771) was the king of Luang Phrabang from 1750 to 1771.

Sotika was the second son of Inthasom. He succeeded the throne from his younger brother Inthaphom.

In March 1765, Luang Phrabang was conquered by Burmese army. His hundreds of people were taken as hostages by Burmese, including his younger brother Surinyavong. Sotika became a vassal king under Burmese rule.  His throne was seized by younger brother Surinyavong II in 1771.

Sotikakumman had only son Ong Manhku Rajakoumane. Ong Manhku later became a pretender to the throne; he was recognized by China and Vietnam but defeated by Anurutha. Manhku died in Tonkin in 1813.

Tonkin
Tonkin (Chinese: 東京), also spelled Tongkin, Tonquin or Tongking, is an exonym referring to the area surrounding the Red River Delta of Northern Vietnam. During the 17th and 18th centuries, this term referred to the domain of Đàng Ngoài, under the control of the Trịnh lords, encompassing both the Northern and Thanh–Nghệ regions, north of the Gianh River at the 17.7th parallel. From 1884 to early 1945, the term referred to the French protectorate of Tonkin, which comprised only the Northern region, approximately north of the 20th parallel.
Scorcha
Scorcha is the eighth studio album by Jamaican dancehall musician Sean Paul, released on 27 May 2022 through Island Records. It features collaborations with Sia, Gwen Stefani, Shenseea, Stylo G, Damian Marley, Nicky Jam, Tove Lo, Jada Kingdom, Pia Mia and Ty Dolla Sign.

Scorcha debuted at number 6 on the US Billboard Reggae Albums with 1,700 album equivalent units. The album would also receive a Grammy nomination for Best Reggae Album at the 65th Annual Grammy Awards.

Shenseea
Chinsea Linda Lee (born 1 October 1996), known professionally as Shenseea (/ʃɛnˌsiːə/), is a Jamaican singer. She is best known for her guest appearance alongside Roddy Ricch on Kanye West's 2021 song "Pure Souls," which entered the Billboard Hot 100. Through its parent album Donda, she was nominated as a featured artist for Album of the Year at the 64th Annual Grammy Awards.

Shenseea signed with Interscope Records to release her debut studio album Alpha (2022), which peaked at number two on the Top Reggae Albums chart. Her second album, Never Gets Late Here (2024), was nominated for the Grammy Award for Best Reggae Album. Her other accolades include two MOBO Awards.
Fred J. Busse
Fred J. Busse (c. 1864 – May 27, 1940) was an American politician. He was a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly. Busse was elected to the Assembly in 1922 and 1924. Additionally, he was Town Chairman (similar to Mayor) of Mequon, Wisconsin and a member of the County Board of Ozaukee County, Wisconsin. He was a Republican.

Busse died in Milwaukee, Wisconsin on May 27, 1940 at the age of 76.

Republican Party of Wisconsin
The Republican Party of Wisconsin is a conservative and populist political party in Wisconsin and is the Wisconsin affiliate of the United States Republican Party (GOP).  The state party chair is Brian Schimming. The state party is divided into 72 county parties for each of the state's counties, as well as organizations for the state's eight congressional districts. It currently controls the majority of Wisconsin's U.S. House seats, one of its U.S. Senate seats, and has majorites in both houses of the state legislature.
Narayan Singh Amlabe
Narayan Singh (born 1 June 1951 Village Amlabe, Rajgarh district) is an Indian politician, member of the Indian National Congress, member of the Committee on Agriculture, and member of the Consultative Committee for the Ministry of Rural Development and the Ministry of Panchayati Raj. In the 2009 election he was elected to the 15th Lok Sabha from the Rajgarh Lok Sabha constituency of Madhya Pradesh.

He was earlier Sarpanch for Gram Panchayat Amlabe village and President of Janpad Panchayat Jirapur.

He is an agriculturist and resides at Rajgarh district. He is married to Dev Bai and has three daughters and two sons.

Rajgarh Lok Sabha constituency
Rajgarh Lok Sabha constituency is one of the 29 Lok Sabha constituencies in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. This constituency covers the entire Rajgarh district and parts of Guna and Agar Malwa districts.
Jim Pruett
James Calvin Pruett (December 16, 1917 – July 29, 2003) was an American professional baseball player.  He was a catcher over parts of two seasons (1944–45) with the Philadelphia Athletics.  For his career, he compiled a .231 batting average in 13 at-bats.

He was born in Nashville, Tennessee and died in Waukesha, Wisconsin at the age of 85.

Waukesha, Wisconsin
Waukesha (/ˈwɔːkɪʃɔː/ ⓘ WAW-ki-shaw) is a city in and the county seat of Waukesha County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 71,158 at the 2020 census. Located along the Fox River adjacent to the Village of Waukesha, it is the eighth-most populous city in Wisconsin. Waukesha is part of the Milwaukee metropolitan area.
Ekiti prison break
The  Ekiti prison break was an attack on the federal prison at Afao road, Ado Ekiti in the southwestern Nigerian city of Ekiti State by 60 unknown gunmen. The attack occurred on 30 November 2014. 341 prisoners escaped from the prison leaving 1 warder and 20 sniffer dogs dead. The escaped prisoners were largely awaiting trial. 10 inmates who attempted to escape were captured during the attack at gunfire exchange between the policemen and the gunmen. 67 inmates were rearrested after the attack and 274 inmates escaped.
One inmate, who claimed to have run away when he heard gunshots, returned to the prison to serve out his short sentence.

Nigerian Correctional Service
The Nigerian Correctional Service (NCoS), formerly known as Nigerian Prison Service (NPS), is a government agency of Nigeria which operates prisons. The agency is headquartered in Abuja, and it is under the supervision of the Ministry of the Interior and the Civil Defence Immigration and Correctional Service. The name was changed from the Nigerian Prisons Service to the Nigerian Correctional Service by President Muhammadu Buhari on 15 August 2019 after signing the Nigerian Correctional Service Act of 2019 into law. The bill was passed by the 8th Assembly of the House of Representatives but the signing was done two months after their tenure had expired. The law divides the Correctional Service into two main areas which are The Custodial Service and Non-custodial Service.
Lithuanian People's Army
The Lithuanian People's Army (Lithuanian: Lietuvos liaudies kariuomenė) were short-lived armed forces of Lithuania and the Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic following the Soviet occupation of Lithuania in June 1940. The army was formed by the Act of 3 July 1940 of the People's Government of Lithuania and replaced the Lithuanian Armed Forces of independent Lithuania. According to data from 1 June 1940, the army had 28,115 persons – 26,084 soldiers (of which 1,728 were officers), 2,031 civil servants, and with the announcement of the mobilization it was possible to call 120,400 reserve troops.

The army existed until 30 August 1940 before being transformed into the 29th Rifle Corps of the Red Army. Many Lithuanian soldiers and officers were repressed by arrests or executions for their anti-Soviet attitude.

Pabradė
Pabradė (pronunciationⓘ; Polish: Podbrodzie; Yiddish: פּאָדבראָדז, romanized: Podbrodz) is a city in eastern Lithuania, in Švenčionys district municipality, on the Žeimena river, 38 km south-west of Švenčionys.

Pabradė Training Area, a major military facility, is located approximately 4 km north of the city.
Lost Homeland
Lost Homeland (Croatian: Izgubljeni zavičaj) is a 1980 Croatian film directed by Ante Babaja. It is based on Slobodan Novak's novel of the same name.

In 1999, a poll of Croatian film critics found it to be one of the best Croatian films ever made.

Slobodan Novak
Ante Slobodan Novak (3 November 1924 – 25 July 2016) was a Croatian writer and novelist. He is best known for his novel Gold, Frankincense and Myrrh (1968), often listed as one of the best Croatian novels of the 20th century.
Les Yates
Les Yates is an American politician from Kentucky currently serving as Judge/Executive of Clark County. Yates was elected Judge/Executive in 2022, after Democratic incumbent Henry Branham retired. Yates was previously a member of the Kentucky House of Representatives from 2019 to 2021. He was elected to the house in 2018, but defeated for renomination in 2020 by Ryan Dotson.

Clark County, Kentucky
Clark County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 36,972. Its county seat is Winchester. The county was created in 1792 from Bourbon and Fayette counties and is named for Revolutionary War hero George Rogers Clark. Clark County is part of the Lexington-Fayette, KY Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Marcus Hutter
Marcus Hutter (born 14 April 1967 in Munich) is a German computer scientist, professor and artificial intelligence researcher. As a senior researcher at DeepMind, he studies the mathematical foundations of artificial general intelligence.

Hutter studied physics and computer science at the Technical University of Munich. In 2000 he joined Jürgen Schmidhuber's group at the Dalle Molle Institute for Artificial Intelligence Research in Manno, Switzerland. He developed a mathematical formalism of artificial general intelligence named AIXI. He has served as a professor at the College of Engineering, Computing and Cybernetics of the Australian National University in Canberra, Australia.

Technical University of Munich
The Technical University of Munich (TUM or TU Munich; German: Technische Universität München) is a public research university in Munich, Bavaria, Germany. It specializes in engineering, technology, medicine, and applied and natural sciences.

Established in 1868 by King Ludwig II of Bavaria, the university now has additional campuses in Garching, Freising, Heilbronn, Straubing, Ottobrunn, and Singapore, with the Garching campus being its largest. The university is organized into seven schools, and is supported by numerous research centers. It is one of the largest universities in Germany, with 51,954 students and an annual budget of €2,171.0 million including the university hospital.

A University of Excellence under the German Universities Excellence Initiative, TUM is among the leading universities in the European Union. Its researchers and alumni include 19 Nobel laureates and 26 Leibniz Prize winners.
Lukáš Komárek
Lukáš Komárek (born April 29, 1982) is a Slovak former professional ice hockey defenceman.

Komárek played 216 games for HK 36 Skalica of the Slovak Extraliga between 2000 and 2006. He then signed for the Cardiff Devils of the Elite Ice Hockey League for the 2006–07 EIHL season winning the British Knockout Cup with the team.

Cardiff Devils
The Cardiff Devils (Welsh: Diawliaid Caerdydd) are a Welsh professional ice hockey team who play in the UK-based Elite Ice Hockey League (EIHL). The team plays at the Vindico Arena in Cardiff Bay.

Cardiff's most recent trophy was the 2025 IIHF Continental Cup title.
Steve Sweeney (American football)
Steven Hollis Sweeney (born September 6, 1950) is an American former professional football player who was a wide receiver for the Oakland Raiders of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the California Golden Bears.

California Golden Bears football
The California Golden Bears football program represents the University of California, Berkeley, in college football as a member of the Atlantic Coast Conference at the NCAA Division I FBS level. They were previously a member of the Pac-12 Conference. The team plays its home games at California Memorial Stadium and was most recently coached by Justin Wilcox before his firing following the 2025 Big Game. Since beginning of play in 1886, the team has won five NCAA recognized national titles — 1920, 1921, 1922, 1923, 1937 — and 14 conference championships, the last one in 2006. It has also produced what are considered to be two of the oddest and most memorable plays in college football: Roy "Wrong Way" Riegels' fumble recovery at the 1929 Rose Bowl and The Play kickoff return in the 1982 Big Game.