hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bryan Voltaggio
Bryan Voltaggio (born 1976) is an American celebrity chef, restaurateur, and author. He is a Top Chef television series alum; and he was a semi-finalist for the James Beard award. His brother is celebrity chef Michael Voltaggio. He resides in Frederick, Maryland and is known for Mid-Atlantic cuisine.

Frederick, Maryland
Frederick is a city in and the county seat of Frederick County, Maryland, United States. Frederick's population was 78,171 people as of the 2020 census, making it the second-largest incorporated city in Maryland behind Baltimore. It is a part of the Washington metropolitan area and the greater Washington–Baltimore combined statistical area.

The city is located at an important crossroads at the intersection of a major north–south Native American trail and east–west routes to the Chesapeake Bay, both at Baltimore and what became Washington, D.C., and across the Appalachian Mountains to the Ohio River watershed.

Frederick is home to Frederick Municipal Airport (IATA: FDK), which accommodates general aviation, and Fort Detrick, a U.S. Army bioscience and communications research installation and Frederick County's largest employer.
Arizona Methodist Church
Arizona Methodist Church is a historic church located along Arizona Road (LA 806), about 1.5 miles (2.4 km) south of its junction with LA 2.

Also known as Arizona United Methodist Church, it was built in about 1880 and added to the National Register in 1983.

As of 1983, it was "the only surviving historic landmark of the Arizona community, which during the postbellum period was a thriving town with a substantial cotton mill and academy."

Louisiana Highway 2
Louisiana Highway 2 (LA 2) is a state highway located in northern Louisiana.  It runs 189.49 miles (304.95 km) in an east–west direction from the Texas state line southwest of Vivian to a junction with U.S. Highway 65 (US 65) near Lake Providence, just west of the Mississippi state line.

It is the northernmost cross-state highway in Louisiana and runs between Interstate 20 (I-20) and the Arkansas state line for its entire distance.  LA 2 spans nine parishes, connecting five parish seats with direct connections to the remaining four, traveling through Homer, Bastrop, and smaller communities such as Hosston, Plain Dealing, Sarepta, Bernice, Farmerville, Mer Rouge, and Oak Grove.  LA 2 also has intersections with many of the state's major north–south routes, such as LA 1, US 71, US 371, US 167, US 165, and at its eastern terminus, US 65.  An interchange with the newly constructed extension of I-49 was scheduled to be completed in Spring 2013 and opened to traffic later in the year.
Loire-Atlantique's 8th constituency
The 8th constituency of Loire-Atlantique is a French legislative constituency in the Loire-Atlantique département. Like the other 576 French constituencies, it elects one MP using the two-round system, with a run-off if no candidate receives over 50% of the vote in the first round.

Deputy (France)
Deputies (French: députés and députées, pronounced [depyte] ⓘ), also known in English as members of Parliament (MPs), are the legislators who sit in the National Assembly, the lower house of the French Parliament. The 17th and current legislature of the Fifth Republic has a total of 577 deputies, elected in 577 constituencies across metropolitan (539) and overseas France (27), as well as for French residents overseas (11).
Cedar Valley (Oregon)
Cedar Valley (formerly Squaw Valley) is a valley in the Siskiyou Mountains of Curry County, Oregon, United States, northeast of Gold Beach. The valley runs north from near the headwaters of Rumley Creek (a tributary of the Rogue River) along the course of Cedar Creek from its headwaters to its confluence with Miller Creek, about four miles south of Ophir. The area is served by a volunteer fire department, which is known for its annual fundraising fish fry.

Ophir, Oregon
Ophir is an unincorporated community in Curry County, Oregon, United States.  It has a post office with a ZIP code 97464.  Ophir lies at the intersection of Oregon Route 515 and U.S. Route 101, northeast of Nesika Beach.
John F. McNulty
John F. McNulty (1891 or 1896–1984) was a Baltimore businessman, who served as a Democratic member of the Maryland House of Delegates from Anne Arundel County, Maryland for 17 years. He was a member of the Maryland House of Delegates from 1946 to 1954 and again from 1959 to 1966. A World War I veteran and 1916 graduate of the University of Maryland, McNulty served in the United States Navy from 1916 to 1919 to the rank of Lt (j.g.). Throughout his legislative career, McNulty took a keen interest in veteran's affairs and welfare. American Legion Post 298 in Charlotte Hall, Maryland is named "John F. McNulty Memorial Post 298" in his honor.

McNulty was a member of the Democratic Party.

Anne Arundel County, Maryland
Anne Arundel County (listenⓘ; /əˈrʌndəl/), also notated as AA or A.A. County, is located in the U.S. state of Maryland. As of the 2020 United States census, its population was 588,261, an increase of just under 10% since 2010. Its county seat is Annapolis, which is also the capital of the state. The county is named for Anne Arundell (c. 1615/1616–1649), Lady Baltimore, a member of the Arundell family in Cornwall, England, and the wife of Cecilius Calvert, 2nd Baron Baltimore (1605–1675), founder and first lord proprietor of the colony Province of Maryland. The county is part of the Central Maryland region of the state. Anne Arundel County is included in the Washington–Baltimore–Arlington combined statistical area.
Political repression in the Islamic Republic of Iran
Political repression has been exercised in Iran since the 1979 Islamic Revolution, which led Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini to power and thus established an Islamic theocracy combining Islamic principles with authoritarian policy. The Islamic Republic has throughout its history used executions, massacres and torture against those perceived as potential dissidents. Survivors described being blindfolded, waiting in the corridors to be brought before the committee, and witnessing prisoners being taken to their executions, including those whose health had deteriorated due to torture. It has been alleged that these techniques are employed with the intent of silencing critics of the regime, especially female dissidents. In 2024, the United Nations Special Rapporteur on Human Rights in Iran published a report that categorised the 1981–1982 massacres and 1988 executions as crimes against humanity and genocide.

Ahmad Reza Djalali
Ahmad Reza Djalali (born 15 September 1971) is an Iranian-Swedish physician and researcher in  disaster medicine. He has worked at several European universities, including the  Karolinska University of Sweden, where he earned his PhD, the Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale, and  Vrije Universiteit Brussel. He has also collaborated with universities in Iran and maintained international academic connections.

Djalali was arrested in April 2016 while visiting Iran and later sentenced to death on charges of espionage and treason. Human rights organizations have described his trial as unfair. Djalali has stated that he was tortured and threatened during his detention. His case has been described by human rights advocates as a form of retaliatory punishment linked to international legal proceedings, and possibly a case of academic hostage diplomacy.
Thelasis
Thelasis, commonly known as fly orchids, is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. Plants in this genus are usually epiphytes, sometimes lithophytes or rarely terrestrials. Some species have pseudobulbs with up to three leaves, whilst others have several leaves in two ranks. A large number of small, white or greenish yellow flowers are borne on a thin, arching flowering stem. There are about thirty species, distributed from tropical and subtropical Asia to the southwest Pacific.

Lithophyte
Lithophytes are plants that grow in or on rocks.  Epilithic (or epipetric) lithophytes grow on the surfaces of rocks, while endolithic (or chasmophytes) lithophytes grow in the cracks or crevices of rocks. Obligate lithophytes grow solely on rocks, while facultative lithophytes will grow partially on a rock and on another substrate simultaneously.
Vargas Ochagavía
Vargas Ochagavía was a Spanish haute couture firm made up by couturiers Jesús Vargas (1913-n.a.) and Emilio Ochagavía (1922-1996). The firm opened in 1946, presented its first collection in 1948 and was running until 1987. It was a member of the Cooperativa de Alta Costura until 1970.

Their garments were dressed by actresses such as Sara Montiel, Celia Gámez, Carmen Sevilla, Paquita Rico and Sophia Loren and socialites like Fabiola de Mora y Aragón.

They also worked for films such as Death of a Cyclist (1955), The Violet Seller (1958), Where Are You Going, Alfonso XII? (1958), Cabriola (1965), Más bonita que ninguna (1965) and Esa mujer (1969).

Carmen Sevilla
María del Carmen García Galisteo (16 October 1930 – 27 June 2023), known professionally as Carmen Sevilla, was a Spanish actress, singer, and dancer. She began her career in the 1940s and became one of the most popular and highest paid stars of Spanish cinema until the 1970s. In 1991, at the age of sixty, she began her career as a television presenter, working for the three major Spanish networks until her retirement in 2010. At the time of her death, she was one of the last surviving stars from the Golden Age of Mexican cinema.

As an actress, she had leading roles in numerous films, including Imperial Violets (1952), Academy Award nominee Vengeance (1958), Don Juan (1956), and Searching for Monica (1962). She also had supporting roles in English-language epic films including King of Kings (1961) and Antony and Cleopatra (1972). As a singer, she released over fifteen studio albums and numerous singles and compilations.
Dagda Parish
Dagda Parish (Latvian: Dagdas pagasts) is an administrative unit of Krāslava Municipality in the Latgale region of Latvia. The village of Ozoliņi is the administrative center of the parish, although the name of the parish comes from the nearby town of Dagda.

Krāslava Municipality
Krāslava Municipality (Latvian: Krāslavas novads, Latgalian: Kruoslovys nūvods) is a municipality in Latgale, Latvia. The municipality was formed in 2001 by merging Krāslava Parish and Krāslava town. In 2009 it absorbed Auleja Parish, Indra Parish, Izvalta Parish, Kalnieši Parish, Kaplava Parish, Kombuļi Parish, Piedruja Parish, Robežnieki Parish, Skaista Parish and Ūdrīši Parish town. The administrative centre of the municipality is Krāslava.

On 1 July 2021, Krāslava Municipality was enlarged when the territory of the former Dagda Municipality and three parishes of the former Aglona Municipality were merged into it.
Kazuyoshi Kino
Kazuyoshi Kino (紀野一義, Kino Kazuyoshi; August 9, 1922 – December 28, 2013) was a Japanese Buddhist scholar.

Together with Hajime Nakamura and others, he translated the Heart Sutra, the Prajnaparamita sutras, and the three main sutras of the Jodo sect.

Heart Sutra
The Heart Sūtra is a popular sūtra in Mahāyāna Buddhism. In Sanskrit, the title Prajñāpāramitāhṛdaya translates as "The Heart of the Perfection of Wisdom". It is traditionally associated with the Bodhisattva  Avalokiteśvara (commonly known in East Asian Buddhism as Guanyin), who is the interlocutor of the sūtra.

The sūtra famously states, "Form is emptiness (śūnyatā), emptiness is form." It has been called "the most frequently used and recited text in the entire Mahayana Buddhist tradition." The text has been translated into English dozens of times from Chinese, Sanskrit, and Tibetan, as well as other source languages.
2018 Internazionali di Tennis Castel del Monte
The 2018 Internazionali di Tennis Castel del Monte was a professional tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts. It was the sixth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2018 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Andria, Italy between November 19 and November 25, 2018.

Marc-Andrea Hüsler
Marc-Andrea Hüsler (born 24 June 1996) is a Swiss professional tennis player. He has a career-high singles ranking by the ATP of world No. 47, achieved on 13 February 2023. In doubles, he achieved a career-high ranking of world No. 132 on 25 October 2021. He is currently the No. 5 Swiss player.
Terry Kleffman
Terry Kleffman is an American curler. Kleffman was the third on a team out of Hibbing Curling Club in Hibbing, Minnesota which won the US National Championship two times, in 1959 and 1962. The team was mostly family, consisting of Kleffman's father Fran Kleffman at second and brother-in-law Dick Brown at skip. The only non-family member was Nick Jerulle at lead.  In 1962 the team went on to represent the United States at the World Championship, which was then called the 1962 Scotch Cup. This was only the second time the United States had competed in the Championship. Kleffman's team finished with a 4-2 record, good enough to earn them the silver medal.

United States Men's Curling Championship
The United States Men's Curling Championship is the annual men's national curling championship for the United States. It is run by the United States Curling Association (USCA) and typically held in conjunction with the Women's Championship. The champion is eligible to represent the United States at the World Men's Curling Championships if they also rank in the top 75 teams over the last two seasons in the World Curling Tour Order of Merit or have earned 40 points in the Order of Merit year-to-date rankings.
Eriogonum preclarum
Eriogonum preclarum, known commonly as the Puerto Nuevo buckwheat, is a very rare species of perennial wild buckwheat in the family Polygonaceae. It is endemic to the Vizcaíno Peninsula in Baja California Sur, occurring on ultramafic substrates.

Ultramafic rock
Ultramafic rocks (also referred to as ultrabasic rocks, although the terms are not wholly equivalent) are igneous and meta-igneous rocks with a very low silica content (less than 45%), generally >18% MgO, high FeO, low potassium, and are usually composed of greater than 90% mafic minerals (dark colored, high magnesium and iron content). Earth's mantle is composed of ultramafic rocks. Ultrabasic is a more inclusive term that includes igneous rocks with low silica content that may not be extremely enriched in Fe and Mg, such as carbonatites and ultrapotassic igneous rocks.
Reftele
Reftele (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈrɛ̂fːtɛlɛ]) is a locality situated in Gislaved Municipality, Jönköping County, Sweden with 1,282 inhabitants in 2010. Here lived Johan Svensson who died in the sinking of Titanic aged 75 and his son Amandus Ekström aged 45.

Gislaved Municipality
Gislaved Municipality (Swedish: Gislaveds kommun) is a municipality in Jönköping County in southern Sweden, with its seat located in the town Gislaved.

The municipality was created in 1974, when Gislaved locality where amalgamated with the surrounding rural municipalities to form an entity of unitary type. There are seventeen original units making up the present municipality. Within Sweden, and as part of Gnosjö region, it's regarded as being both cultural and industrially dominated. The municipality is notably home to Scandinavian Raceway in Anderstorp, the only Swedish circuit to host a Formula One Grand Prix as it held the Swedish Grand Prix for six years in the 1970s.
John Gilligan (mayor)
John Gilligan is a former independent politician and was Mayor of Limerick, Ireland, from 2008 to 2009. He was the first independent (non-party) politician to be mayor of limerick since 1962.

He was elected in successive elections for the Limerick No. 2 electoral area and subsequently the Limerick East electoral area, from 1991. He has also stood for election to Dáil Éireann in the Limerick East constituency.

Gilligan and Sinn Féin councillor Maurice Quinlivan were the only councillors on Limerick City Council to oppose the Household charge. Both men refused to pay the charge, and Gilligan spoke at a number of Campaign Against Home and Water Taxes protests.

In mid-2018 he announced his decision not to not seek re-election in the 2019 Limerick City and County Council election.

Limerick East (Dáil constituency)
Limerick East was a parliamentary constituency represented in Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Irish parliament or Oireachtas from 1948 to 2011. The method of election was proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV).
Andrew J. Applegate
Andrew J. Applegate (October 14, 1833 – August 21, 1870) was a lawyer, officer in the Union Army during the American Civil War, and served as the first lieutenant governor of Alabama during Reconstruction. A Republican, Applegate served with Governor William H. Smith of the same political party, from 1868 to 1870.

William Hugh Smith
William Hugh Smith (April 26, 1826 – January 1, 1899) was an American planter and politician, the 21st governor of Alabama. He was the first Republican elected as governor in the state, serving from 1868 to 1870 during the period of Reconstruction. A former slave owner, he had opposed secession from the United States on the grounds it would imperil slavery. He appeared driven by practical consideration rather than principled opposition to slavery.
Quezon Huskers
The Quezon Huskers are a Filipino professional basketball team based in Lucena, a highly urbanized city in the province of Quezon. The team competes in the Maharlika Pilipinas Basketball League (MPBL) as a member of the league's South Division. The team splits its home games between Quezon Convention Center and Lucena Convention Center.

The team's first incarnation was the Quezon Coco Huskers of the United Regional Basketball League (URBL). The team ran from 2004 until 2005. The Huskers were then revived as an expansion team for the MPBL's 2023 season alongside the Negros Muscovados. The team also competes Pilipinas Super League (PSL) under the name Quezon Titans. Owned by the Provincial Government of Quezon, the Huskers also have a volleyball counterpart in the Maharlika Pilipinas Volleyball Association in the Quezon Tangerines.

The Huskers are one of five teams based in the Calabarzon region. The Quezon franchise won one championship, during the PSL's President's Cup in 2024.

South Division (MPBL)
The South Division is one of two divisions in the Maharlika Pilipinas Basketball League (MPBL), the other being the North Division. Both divisions were formed as a result of the league's national expansion in the 2018–19 season. As of 2025, both divisions consist of 15 teams each.

The most recent realignment occurred in the 2025 season. Two returning teams, Basilan Viva Portmasters and Cebu Classic (later renamed to Cebu Greats) were placed back in the South Division. Three others departed: the Bicolandia Oragons, Iloilo United Royals, and Negros Muscovados. The Rizal Golden Coolers were realigned to the South Division to balance both divisions.
State Mine railway station
State Mine was a railway yard and signal box on the Wonthaggi line in Bass Coast, Victoria, Australia. It was named for and served the adjacent State Coal Mine which provided black coal for the steam locomotives of the Victorian Railways. The mine opened in 1909 with the branchline opened in 1910. Production declined in the 1930s as larger seams were worked out but remained in operation until 1968 when regular steam operations were phased out.

Facilities included a signal box, classification and marshalling sidings, a weighbridge, an engine shed and repair siding, sidings for timber deliveries, and eight loading sidings.

Signalling control
On a rail transport system, signalling control is the process by which control is exercised over train movements by way of railway signals and block systems to ensure that trains operate safely, over the correct route and to the proper timetable. Signalling control was originally exercised via a decentralised network of control points that were known by a variety of names including signal box (International and British) and interlocking tower (North America). London Underground call them signalling cabins, and the Great Central Railway referred to them as signal cabins. Currently these decentralised systems are being consolidated into wide scale signalling centres or dispatch offices. Whatever the form, signalling control provides an interface between the human signal operator and the lineside signalling equipment. The technical apparatus used to control switches (points), signals and block systems is called interlocking.
Hill v Tupper
Hill v Tupper (1863) is an English land law case which did not find an easement in a commercial agreement, in this case, related to boat hire. Here, the agreed "exclusive" right was held not to be benefitting the land itself, but just for the business. It could not therefore be enforced directly against third parties competing.

Easement
An easement is a nonpossessory right to use or enter onto the real property of another without possessing it. It is "best typified in the right of way which one landowner, A, may enjoy over the land of another, B". An easement is a property right and type of incorporeal property in itself at common law in most jurisdictions.

An easement is similar to real covenants and equitable servitudes. In the United States, the Restatement (Third) of Property takes steps to merge these concepts as servitudes.

Easements are helpful for providing a 'limited right to use another person's land for a stated purpose. For example, an easement may allow someone to use a road on their neighbor’s land to get to their own.'  Another example is someone's right to fish in a privately owned pond, or to have access to a public beach.

The rights of an easement holder vary substantially among jurisdictions.
Las ratas (novel)
Las ratas (The Rats) is a novel by Spanish author Miguel Delibes, who was one of the leading figures of post-Civil War Spanish literature. Published in 1962, it won the Premio de la crítica (Critics Prize). The work, a social denunciation of agrarian exploitation, describes life in a small isolated Castilian village, along with the wretched existence of its inhabitants.

The novel was adapted to a film in 1997.

Spanish literature
Spanish literature is literature (Spanish poetry, prose, and drama) written in the Spanish language within the territory that presently constitutes the Kingdom of Spain. Its development coincides and frequently intersects with that of other literary traditions from regions within the same territory, particularly Catalan literature, Galician intersects as well with Latin, Jewish, and Arabic literary traditions of the Iberian Peninsula. The literature of Spanish America is an important branch of Spanish literature, with its own particular characteristics dating back to the earliest years of Spain’s conquest of the Americas (see Latin American literature).
Mathew Hayman
Mathew Hayman (born 20 April 1978) is an Australian former professional road bicycle racer, who rode professionally between 2000 and 2019 for the Rabobank, Team Sky and Mitchelton–Scott teams. During his career, Hayman was an experienced and respected domestique, as he typically took on a supporting role within his team. Hayman was also a specialist in the cobbled classics, and was the winner of Paris–Roubaix in 2016. Following his retirement from racing after the 2019 Tour Down Under, Hayman remained with the Mitchelton–Scott team as a part-time directeur sportif alongside a "special projects" position.

Domestique
In road bicycle racing, a domestique is a rider who works for the benefit of their team and leader, rather than trying to win the race. In French, domestique translates as "servant". The use of the term dates back to 1911, although such riders had existed before then.