hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Frederick Elam
Frederick William Elam (13 September 1871 – 19 March 1943) was an English first-class cricketer, who played two matches for Yorkshire County Cricket Club, against Nottinghamshire in 1900 and Worcestershire in 1902.  He played for the Yorkshire Second XI as late as 1919.

Born in Hunslet, Leeds, Yorkshire, England, Elam was a right-handed batsman, who scored 48 runs at an average of 24, with a best of 28 at Trent Bridge.  His right arm fast medium bowling was not called upon.

Elam died in March 1943 in Headingley, Leeds.

Trent Bridge
Trent Bridge Cricket Ground is a cricket ground mostly used for Test, One-Day International and county cricket located in West Bridgford, Nottinghamshire, England, just across the River Trent from the city of Nottingham. Trent Bridge is also the headquarters of Nottinghamshire County Cricket Club. As well as international cricket and Nottinghamshire's home games, the ground has hosted the Finals Day of the Twenty20 Cup twice and has hosted One-Day Cup since 2021.

In 2009, the ground was used for the ICC World Twenty20 and hosted the semi-final between South Africa and Pakistan. The site takes its name from the nearby main bridge over the Trent and it is also close to Meadow Lane and the City Ground, the football stadiums of Notts County and Nottingham Forest respectively.
1878 Yass Plains colonial by-election
A by-election was held for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly electorate of Yass Plains on 2 January 1878 because Michael Fitzpatrick was appointed Colonial Secretary in the Farnell ministry. Such ministerial by-elections were usually uncontested and on this occasion the six other ministers were re-elected unopposed.

Electoral district of Yass Plains
Yass Plains was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of New South Wales between 1859 and 1894. It largely replaced the electoral district of King and Georgiana. It was largely replaced by Yass in 1894.
Chikhachevo
Chikhachevo or Chikhachyovo (Чихачёво) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Chikhachevo, Ivanovo Oblast, a village in Verkhnelandekhovsky District of Ivanovo Oblast

Chikhachevo, Krasnoyarsk Krai, a village in Kazantsevsky Selsoviet of Shushensky District of Krasnoyarsk Krai

Chikhachyovo, Bezhanitsky District, Pskov Oblast, a selo in Bezhanitsky District, Pskov Oblast

Chikhachyovo, Velikoluksky District, Pskov Oblast, a village in Velikoluksky District, Pskov Oblast

Shushensky District
Shushensky District (Russian: Шу́шенский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the forty-three in Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia. It is located in the south of the krai and borders with Minusinsky District in the north, Karatuzsky District in the northeast, Yermakovsky District in the east and southeast, the Tuva Republic in the southwest, and with the Republic of Khakassia in the west. The area of the district is 10,140 square kilometers (3,920 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (an urban-type settlement) of Shushenskoye. Population: 33,216 (2010 census); 36,891 (2002 Census); 37,628 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Shushenskoye accounts for 52.7% of the district's total population.
Kris (Romani court)
Krisi (Romani: kris) or Krisi-Romani is a traditional court for conflict resolution in the culture of Vlax branch of the Romani people. The term derives from the Greek language, "κρίση" (judgment). It is a key institution for enforcing the Romani Code (Romani: romano zakono; zakonuri) within Romanipen. It developed in the area of present-day Romania, during the times of the slavery, as a judicial institution of the local Romanies, in order to enforce the community cohesion and its internal balance. After the abolition, from the half of the 19th century onwards, many Vlax Romanies emigrated in the rest of the world, bringing with them the krisi as part of their cultural luggage. More or less formal proceedings exist also among other Romani branches. Some non-Vlax Romanies adopted this institution, like the Drzara from Sweden (originally from Serbia), in contact with the local Kalderash.

Court
A court is an institution, often a government entity, with the authority to adjudicate legal disputes between parties  and administer justice in civil, criminal, and administrative matters in accordance with the rule of law.

Courts generally consist of judges or other judicial officers, and are usually established and dissolved through legislation enacted by a legislature. Courts may also be established by constitution or an equivalent constituting instrument.

The practical authority given to the court is known as its jurisdiction, which describes the court's power to decide certain kinds of questions, or petitions put to it. There are various kinds of courts, including trial courts, appellate courts, administrative courts, international courts, and tribunals.
Sandsøy Church
Sandsøy Church (Norwegian: Sandsøy kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Harstad Municipality in Troms county, Norway. It is located in the village of Sandsøy on the island of Sandsøya. It is one of the churches for the Vågsfjord parish which is part of the Trondenes prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Nord-Hålogaland. The white, wooden church was built in a long church style in 1888 using plans drawn up by the architect Ole Scheistrøen. The church seats about 200 people.

Diocese of Nord-Hålogaland
Nord-Hålogaland (Norwegian: Nord-Hålogaland bispedømme) is a diocese in the Church of Norway. It covers the Church of Norway churches in Troms and  Finnmark counties as well as in the territory of Svalbard.  The diocese is seated in the city of Tromsø at the Tromsø Cathedral, the seat of the presiding bishop. After bishop Olav Øygard announced his plans to retire in august 2025, a process to elect a new bishop has been started. In September it was announced, that Stig Lægdene will succeed Øygard and become the 8th bishop of Nord-Hålogaland. Lægdene will be formally appointed as bishop at December 7th 2025 at the Tromsø Cathedral.
Walls and gate of Villa de Monteagudo de las Vicarías
The Walls and gate of Villa de Monteagudo de las Vicarías (Spanish: Muralla y Puerta de la Villa de Monteagudo de las Vicarías) is a gate located in Monteagudo de las Vicarías, Spain. It was declared Bien de Interés Cultural in 1931.

Bien de Interés Cultural
Bien de Interés Cultural (Basque: Kultura Intereseko Ondasun, Catalan: Bé d'Interès Cultural, Valencian: Bé d'Interés Cultural, Galician: Ben de Interese Cultural) is a category of the heritage register in Spain. The term is also used in Colombia and other Spanish-speaking countries.

The term literally means a "good of cultural interest" ("goods" in the economic sense). It includes not only material heritage (cultural property), like monuments or movable works of art, but also intangible cultural heritage, such as the Silbo Gomero language.

Some bienes enjoy international protection as World Heritage Sites or Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity.
Kashti Malegaon
Kashti  is a panchayat village in the state of Maharashtra, India.   Administratively, Kashti is under Malegaon Taluka of Nashik District in Maharashtra. Kashti is the only village in its gram panchayat.  The village is on the southwest bank of the Mausam River (Mosam River), 29 km by road southeast of the village of Nampur, and 37 km by road north-northwest of the city of Malegaon.

Nashik district
Nashik district, formerly known as Nasik district, is a district in Maharashtra, India. The city of Nashik is the administrative headquarters of the district. Nashik is well known for the production of wine. Nashik is also known as Mini Maharashtra, because the climate and soil conditions of Surgana, Peth, Igatpuri resembles with Konkan. Niphad, Sinnar, Dindori, Baglan blocks are like Western Maharashtra and Yeola, Nandgaon, Chandwad blocks are like Vidarbha Region. Nashik is the biggest city in the district while Malegaon is the second biggest city. Manmad, Igatpuri, and Sinnar are some of the big cities situated in the Nashik District. Manmad is one of the biggest railway junctions in India while the city of Malegaon is famous for its powerloom.
Meza meza
Meza meza, the common missile, is a butterfly in the family Hesperiidae. It is found in Senegal, Guinea-Bissau, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Nigeria, Cameroon, Angola, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Uganda. The habitat consists of disturbed and successional forests.

Adults are attracted to flowers.

The larvae feed on Paspalum conjugatum.

Skipper (butterfly)
Skippers are a group of butterflies placed in the family Hesperiidae within the order Lepidoptera (moths and butterflies). They were previously placed in a separate superfamily, Hesperioidea, but have since been placed in the superfamily Papilionoidea (the butterflies). They are named for their quick, darting flight habits. Most have their antenna tips modified into narrow, hook-like projections. Moreover, skippers mostly lack wing-coupling structure available in most moths. More than 3500 species of skippers are recognized, and they occur worldwide, but with the greatest diversity in the Neotropical regions of Central and South America.
Beth Botsford
Beth Anne Botsford (born May 21, 1981) is an American former competition swimmer and backstroke specialist who won two gold medals as a fifteen-year-old at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia. She did so in the individual 100-meter backstroke, and as a member of the women's relay team in 4×100-meter medley.

Backstroke
Backstroke or back crawl is one of the four swimming styles used in competitive events regulated by FINA, and the only one of these styles swum on the back. This swimming style has the advantage of easy breathing, but the disadvantage of swimmers not being able to see where they are going. It also has a different start from the other three competition swimming styles. The swimming style is similar to an upside down front crawl or freestyle. Both backstroke and front crawl are long-axis strokes. In individual medley backstroke is the second style swum; in the medley relay it is the first style swum.
Martha Tedeschi
Martha P. Tedeschi (born April 1, 1958) is an American art historian and curator. Tedeschi currently serves as the Elizabeth and John Moors Cabot Director of the Harvard Art Museums. She is a scholar of nineteenth-century American and British prints and drawings, especially works by artists such as Winslow Homer, John Marin, and James McNeill Whistler.

Winslow Homer
Winslow Homer (February 24, 1836 – September 29, 1910) was an American landscape painter and illustrator, best known for his marine subjects. He is considered one of the foremost painters of 19th-century America and a preeminent figure in American art in general.

Largely self-taught, Homer began his career working as a commercial illustrator. He subsequently took up oil painting and produced major studio works characterized by the weight and density he exploited from the medium. He also worked extensively in watercolor, creating a fluid and prolific œuvre, primarily chronicling his working vacations.
Fountain of Youth Stakes top three finishers
This is a listing of the horses that finished in either first, second, or third place and the number of starters in the Fountain of Youth Stakes, an American Grade 2 race for three-year-olds at 1-1/8 miles on dirt held at Gulfstream Park in
Hallandale Beach, Florida.  (List 1973-present)

A # designates that the race was run in two divisions in 1993, 1986 and 1983.
A * designates the horse was official winner due to a DQ of apparent winner.

Hallandale Beach, Florida
Hallandale Beach (formerly known simply as Hallandale) is a city in southern Broward County, Florida, United States. The city is named after Luther Halland, the son of a Swedish worker for Henry Flagler's Florida East Coast Railroad. It is also part of the Miami metropolitan area of South Florida. As of the 2023 census, its population was 41,547.

The city is known as the home of Gulfstream Park (horse racing and casino) and Big Easy Casino, a greyhound racing track, which hosts the World Classic. It also has a sizable downtown financial district with banks, brokerage houses, and restaurants. Together with neighbouring Hollywood, Florida, it is a popular center for Canadian tourists, leading to its description as "Canada's southernmost city."
Postage stamps and postal history of San Marino
The postal history of San Marino can be traced to October 7, 1607, with the introduction of public postal services. The republic's postal needs were handled by a post office in nearby Rimini, Italy; the first San Marino post office opened in 1833.

Postal history
Postal history is the study of postal systems and how they operate and, or, the study of the use of postage stamps and covers and associated postal artifacts illustrating historical episodes in the development of postal systems. The term is attributed to Robson Lowe, a professional philatelist, stamp dealer and stamp auctioneer, who made the first organised study of the subject in the 1930s and described philatelists as "students of science", but postal historians as "students of humanity".  More precisely, philatelists describe postal history as the study of rates, routes, markings, and means (of transport).
Philippe Rochat
Philippe Rochat (29 November 1953 – 8 July 2015) was a Swiss chef and the owner of the Restaurant de L'Hôtel de Ville in Crissier, Switzerland.

The restaurant, formerly owned by Frédy Girardet, won three Michelin Guide stars, and was voted 16th best in the world in Restaurant magazine's 50 Best Restaurants list in 2009.

Rochat's wife, marathon runner Franziska Rochat-Moser, died in 2002 in an avalanche.

Rochat died at the age of 61 on 8 July 2015. He fainted while riding his bicycle.

The World's 50 Best Restaurants
The World's 50 Best Restaurants  is a list produced by the UK media company William Reed, which originally appeared in the British magazine Restaurant in 2002. The list and awards are no longer directly related to Restaurant, though they are owned by the same media company.

In addition to the main 1–50 ranking, the organisation awards a series of special prizes for individuals and restaurants, including the One To Watch Award, the Icon Award, the Best Female Chef Award  and the Chefs' Choice Award, the latter based on votes from the fifty head chefs from the restaurants on the previous year's list. In specific regions the organisation also pre-announces a 51–100 list, showcasing more venues in the area. Often working as a barometer of global gastronomic trends, the list showcases a variety of cuisines from all over the world.
Cognita
Cognita is a global private schools group which owns and operates schools throughout various countries. The group has over 100 schools and employs 21,000 staff and teaches 95,000 students across 20 countries. Cognita schools teach 14 different curricula, namely National, International Baccalaureate, American (including American Education Reaches Out – Common Core Plus and Advanced Placement), Australian, Spanish, Chilean, Colombian, Greek, Mexican, Indian, Swiss, Italian,  Brazilian, and Omani.

Cognita was founded by the late Chris Woodhead, previously Her Majesty's Chief Inspector of Schools in England.

Bromley
Bromley is a large town in Greater London, England, within the London Borough of Bromley. It is 9+1⁄2 miles (15 kilometres) southeast of Charing Cross, and had an estimated population of 88,000 as of 2023.

Originally part of Kent, Bromley became a market town, chartered in 1158. Its location on a coaching route and the opening of a railway station in 1858 were key to its development and the shift from an agrarian village to an urban town. As part of the growth of London's conurbation in the 20th century, Bromley Town significantly increased in population and was incorporated as a municipal borough in 1903 and became part of the London Borough of Bromley in 1965. Bromley today forms a major retail and commercial centre. It is identified in the London Plan as one of the 13 metropolitan centres of Greater London.
Hishamuddin Rais
Hishamuddin Rais (also known under the pen-name of Isha Raism) is a Malaysian film director, stand-up comedian, political and social activist. He is also notable as a columnist for several newspapers including Berita Minggu, The Sun, Malaysiakini.com and Off The Edge.

The Sun (Malaysia)
The Sun Malaysia (theSun) is Malaysia's national English-language daily newspaper in tabloid format, available seven days a week, aimed mainly at white-collar workers and urban youth.

Published by Sun Media Corporation Sdn Bhd, part of the Berjaya Media Group (formerly known as Nexnews Berhad), theSun was launched on 1 June 1993, which was originally The Sun. It stopped publication on 30 June 1994, for a revamp, and resumed a month later.

In audited circulation figures by Audit Bureau of Circulations Malaysia for January–June 2015, The Sun Malaysia was the highest circulated English newspaper in the country, with a circulation of 306,249.
Am Yisrael Chai
Am Yisrael Chai (Hebrew: עַם יִשְׂרָאֵל חַי, pronounced [am jisʁaˈʔel χaj] ⓘ; lit. 'The People of Israel Live') is a solidarity slogan to express the strength and solidarity of the Jewish nation and as an affirmation of Jewish continuity and identity, typically during times of heightened adversity. To this end, it has historically featured in Jewish music, literature, art, and politics.

The phrase gained popular use in 1965 when songwriter Shlomo Carlebach composed the song "Am Yisrael Chai" as the anthem of the Student Struggle for Soviet Jewry (SSSJ) movement. According to The Forward, the slogan ranks second as an anthem of the Jewish people behind only Hatikvah, the national anthem of Israel.

Jewish literature
Jewish literature includes works written by Jews on Jewish themes, literary works written in Jewish languages on various themes, and literary works in any language written by Jewish writers. Ancient Jewish literature includes Biblical literature and rabbinic literature. Medieval Jewish literature includes not only rabbinic literature but also ethical literature, philosophical literature, mystical literature, various other forms of prose including history and fiction, and various forms of poetry of both religious and secular varieties. The production of Jewish literature has flowered with the modern emergence of secular Jewish culture. Modern Jewish literature has included Yiddish literature, Judeo-Tat literature, Ladino literature, Hebrew literature (especially Israeli literature), and Jewish American literature.
One Riverside Park
One Riverside Park is a skyscraper at 40 Riverside Boulevard in Riverside South, on the Upper West Side neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City. Its name was later changed to 50 Riverside Boulevard following media reports related to the development's "poor door". The building consists of 33 floors containing 219 residential units.

The building was designed by the architectural firm Goldstein, Hill & West Architects, who also designed the Aldyn and the Ashley, also on Riverside Boulevard, plus the Silver Towers Manhattan development. The building has a tunnel linking residents to the La Palestra Athletic Club & Spa next door in the Aldyn.

Hill West Architects
Hill West Architects (formerly Goldstein, Hill & West Architects) is a New York City based architecture firm which works on the planning and design of high-rise residential and hospitality buildings, retail structures and multi-use complexes. They have participated in the design of prominent structures in the New York City metropolitan area. The firm was founded in 2009 by Alan Goldstein, L. Stephen Hill and David West.
WNYT
WNYT (channel 13) is a television station licensed to Albany, New York, United States, serving the Capital District as an affiliate of NBC. It is owned by Hubbard Broadcasting alongside Pittsfield, Massachusetts–licensed MyNetworkTV affiliate WNYA (channel 51). The two stations share studios on North Pearl Street in Menands (with an Albany postal address); WNYT's transmitter is located on the Helderberg Escarpment west of New Salem.

Capital District (New York)
The Capital District, also known as the Capital Region, is the metropolitan area surrounding Albany, the capital of the U.S. state of New York. With an estimated 1.3 million residents, the Capital District is one of the largest metropolitan areas and the fastest-growing region in Upstate New York.

The Capital District was first settled by the Dutch in the early 17th century and came under English control in 1664. Albany was the first city to be established in New York State, and has been the permanent capital of the state of New York since 1797. The Capital District is notable for many historical events that predate the independence of the United States, including the Albany Plan of Union and the Battles of Saratoga. Since 2020, the economy of Albany and the surrounding Capital District has been directed toward artificial intelligence, computer hardware, nanotechnology, and digital electronics.
1978–79 Segunda División
The 1978–79 Segunda División season saw 20 teams participate in the second flight Spanish league. AD Almería, CD Málaga and Real Betis were promoted to Primera División. Real Jaén, Terrassa FC, Barakaldo CF and Racing de Ferrol were relegated to Segunda División B.

AD Almería
Agrupación Deportiva Almería was a Spanish football club based in Almería, in the autonomous community of Andalusia. Founded in 1971, it held home matches at Estadio Municipal Juan Rojas, with a 13,468-seat capacity.
Galera Point
Galera Point is the easternmost point in Trinidad, in the island's far northeast. It is in the county of St David and nearby to the town of Toco. The Toco Lighthouse, also known as the Galera Point Lighthouse is found at the location.

In 2024, Trinidadian resident Mark Hypolite became one of the first residents to walk the coast of the country from Icacos Point to Galera Point, a distance of 117 miles.

Toco
Toco is the most northeasterly village on the island of Trinidad in Trinidad and Tobago. The island of Tobago is 35 kilometres (22 mi) to the northeast, making Toco the closest point in Trinidad to the sister island. The name Toco was ascribed to the area by its early Amerindian inhabitants. The meaning of the name is uncertain.

Punta Galera (now Galera Point) is one of the sights of Toco. Galera is a slight corruption of the word "galea", the name originally given to the southeastern point, Galeota Point, by Christopher Columbus. The name was accidentally given to this point as well. The name stuck and it remains a popular tourist destination. The Galera Point Lighthouse in Toco was built in 1897 and today is surrounded by a park and picnic area.
Craig Seymour
Craig Seymour (born November 25, 1968) is an American writer, photographer, celebrity interviewer, music critic and former stripper. He was born in Washington, D.C. He has written for The Washington Post, Entertainment Weekly, Vibe, and Spin, among other publications, and has served as pop music critic for The Buffalo News and The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. He holds a Ph.D. in American Studies from the University of Maryland, College Park in College Park. Seymour was formerly a professor of English at the University of Massachusetts Dartmouth and Associate Professor of Journalism at Northern Illinois University. He lives in Chicago.

He has interviewed and profiled some of the biggest names in music, including Janet Jackson, Mariah Carey, and Luther Vandross, who granted him numerous interviews. Seymour has also been a music analyst for CNN's Headline News. He is a native of Washington, D.C.

The Buffalo News
The Buffalo News is the main newspaper of the Buffalo–Niagara Falls metropolitan area, located in downtown Buffalo, New York.

It was for decades the only paper fully owned by Warren Buffett's Berkshire Hathaway. In 2020, the paper was sold to Lee Enterprises.