hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Oldendorf, Melle
Oldendorf (German pronunciation: [ˈɔldn̩dɔʁf]) is a former municipality, now part of Melle, in the district of Osnabrück, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is on the southern slope of the Wiehengebirge, between the cities of Osnabrück and Bielefeld.

Bielefeld
Bielefeld (German pronunciation: [ˈbiːləfɛlt] ⓘ) is a city in the Ostwestfalen-Lippe region in the north-east of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. With a population of 342,952, it is also the most populous city in the administrative region (Regierungsbezirk) of Detmold and the 18th largest city in Germany.

The historical centre of the city is situated in the Ravensberg Basin north of the Teutoburg Forest hill range, but modern Bielefeld extends across the range and further south into the flat Westphalian Basin. The city is situated on the Hermannsweg, a hiking trail that runs for 156 km along the ridges of the Teutoburg Forest.

Bielefeld is home to a significant number of internationally operating companies, including Dr. Oetker, DMG Mori (former Gildemeister), Möller Group, Goldbeck and Schüco. It has a university and several technical colleges (Fachhochschulen). Bielefeld is also known for the Bethel Institution.
Roy Beggs
John Robert Beggs (born 20 February 1936), commonly known as Roy Beggs, is a Northern Irish unionist politician and former teacher. Formerly a member of the Democratic Unionist Party (DUP), he defected to the rival Ulster Unionist Party (UUP) in 1981. He served as Member of Parliament (MP) for East Antrim from 1983 to 2005, and was a Larne Borough Councillor from 1973 to 2014, representing the district of Larne Area B and its successor, Larne Lough.

1973 Larne Borough Council election
Elections to Larne Borough Council were held on 30 May 1973 on the same day as the other Northern Irish local government elections. The election used three district electoral areas to elect a total of 15 councillors.
Brachyglene bracteola
Brachyglene bracteola is a moth of the family Notodontidae first described by Carl Geyer in 1832. It is found from Venezuela east to Ceará, Brazil, and south at least as far as Rio de Janeiro.

Females show extensive wing-pattern variation.

Carl Geyer
Peter Carl Friedrich Geyer (1802–1889) was a German entomologist who wrote and illustrated various supplements to Jacob Hübner's works on Lepidoptera.

Carl Geyer was by profession an artist. He is not to be confused with Karl Andreas Geyer (1809–1853), a botanist and plant collector.
Wilcox rebellions
The Wilcox rebellions were an armed rebellion in 1888, a revolt in 1889, and a counter-revolution in 1895, led by Robert William Wilcox against the promulgation of the Bayonet Constitution in 1888 and 1889, and against the overthrow of the monarchy in 1895. He was considered a royalist and dedicated to the monarchy of the Kingdom of Hawaii.  Wilcox's revolts were part of the Hawaiian Rebellions.

Royalist
A royalist supports a particular monarch as head of state for a particular kingdom, or of a particular dynastic claim. In the abstract, this position is royalism. It is distinct from monarchism, which advocates a monarchical system of government, but not necessarily a particular monarch. Most often, the term royalist is applied to a supporter of a current regime or one that has been recently overthrown to form a republic.

In the United Kingdom, the term is currently almost indistinguishable from "monarchist", as there are no significant rival claimants to the throne. Conversely, in 19th-century France, a royalist might be either a Legitimist, Bonapartist, or an Orléanist, all being monarchists.
Cyperus acuminatus
Cyperus acuminatus is a common species of sedge known by several common names, including tapertip flatsedge and pale umbrella-sedge. This plant is native to North America, where it is widespread across the Great Plains and the western United States, with scattered populations in the eastern US as well as in Saskatchewan, Tamaulipas and Coahuila.

Cyperus acuminatus is found in wet areas from large rivers to roadside ditches. This is an annual plant with a paper-thin stem approaching 40 centimetres (1 ft 4 in) in height at maximum. It may have a few thin leaves near the base. Its spherical inflorescence is one to two centimeters wide and contains several spikelets each a few millimeters long. Each spikelet has a flat layer of flowers which yield oval-shaped achene fruits, each about one millimeter long.

Achene
An achene (/əˈkiːn/; from Ancient Greek  ἀ (a) 'privative' and  χαίνειν (khaínein) 'to gape'), also sometimes called akene and occasionally achenium or achenocarp, is a type of simple dry fruit produced by many species of flowering plants. Achenes are monocarpellate (formed from one carpel) and indehiscent (they do not open at maturity). Achenes contain a single seed that nearly fills the pericarp, but does not adhere to it.  In many species, what is called the "seed" is an achene, a fruit containing the seed. The seed-like appearance is owed to the hardening of the fruit wall (pericarp), which encloses the solitary seed so closely as to seem like a seed coat.
Langenberg (Bad Harzburg)
The Langenberg (German pronunciation: [ˈlaŋənbɛʁk] ⓘ) is an elongated chalk hill north of Göttingerode and south of Harlingerode in the spa town of Bad Harzburg in Goslar district, in the German state of Lower Saxony. Due to its obvious display of the Northern Harz Boundary Fault in the Langenberg chalk quarry and the discovery of the Europasaurus in 1998 in said quarry, this mountain has gained national geological relevance.

Chalk
Chalk is a soft, white, porous, sedimentary carbonate rock. It is a form of limestone composed of the mineral calcite and originally formed under the sea by the accumulation and lithification of hard parts of organisms, mostly microscopic plankton, which had settled to the sea floor. Chalk is common throughout Western Europe, where deposits underlie parts of France, and steep cliffs are often seen where they meet the sea in places such as the Dover cliffs on the Kent coast of the English Channel.

Chalk is mined for use in industry, such as for quicklime, bricks and builder's putty, and in agriculture, for raising pH in soils with high acidity. It is also used for "blackboard chalk" for writing and drawing on various types of surfaces, although these can also be manufactured from other carbonate-based minerals, or gypsum.
Diasporus tinker
Diasporus tinker is a species of frogs in the family Eleutherodactylidae. It is endemic to Colombia where it is known from scattered localities between the southern Córdoba Department in the north through Antioquia and Chocó Departments to the Valle del Cauca Department in the south. The specific name tinker refers to the "tink"-like advertisement call.

Eleutherodactylidae
The Eleutherodactylidae are a family of direct-developing frogs native to northern South America, the Caribbean, and southernmost North America. They are sometimes known under the common name rain frogs. Formerly the subfamily Eleutherodactylinae of the family Leptodactylidae, it was raised to the family status following a major revision of New World direct-developing frogs in 2008. As currently defined, the family has more than 200 species (as of 2014, 206 or 207 species).

Eleutherodactylid frogs vary considerably in size, from the minuscule Eleutherodactylus iberia (female snout–vent length 10.5 mm (0.41 in)) to the relative giant E. inoptatus (female snout–vent length 88 mm (3.5 in)). Except for the ovoviviparous E. jasperi, these frogs have direct development:  no free-living tadpole stage exists; instead, eggs develop directly into small froglets.
Suhadole, Litija
Suhadole (pronounced [suxaˈdoːlɛ]) is a small settlement southeast of Dole in the Municipality of Litija in central Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Central Sava Statistical Region.

A number of Iron Age burials have been excavated in the Kovač Hill (Slovene: Kovačev hrib) area. Artifacts from the excavations are kept at the Vienna Museum of Natural History.

Grave
A grave is a location where a dead body (typically that of a human, although sometimes that of an animal) is buried or interred after a funeral. Graves are usually located in special areas set aside for the purpose of burial, such as graveyards or cemeteries.

In some religions, it is believed that the body must be burned or cremated for the soul to survive; in others, the complete decomposition of the body is considered to be important for the rest of the soul (see bereavement).
Southwest Amazon moist forests
The Southwest Amazon moist forests (NT0166) is an ecoregion located in the Upper Amazon basin.

The forest is characterized by a relatively flat landscape with alluvial plains dissected by undulating hills or high terraces. The biota of the southwest Amazon moist forest is very rich because of these dramatic edaphic and topographical variations at both the local and regional levels. This ecoregion has the highest number of both mammals and birds recorded for the Amazonian biogeographic realm: 257 with 11 endemic species for mammals and 782 and 17 endemics for birds. The inaccessibility of this region, along with few roads, has kept most of the habitat intact. Also, there are a number of protected areas, which preserve this extremely biologically rich ecoregion.

Swietenia macrophylla
Swietenia macrophylla, commonly known as mahogany, Honduran mahogany, Honduras mahogany,  or big-leaf mahogany is a species of plant in the Meliaceae family. It is one of three species in genus Swietenia that yield genuine mahogany timber, the others being Swietenia mahagoni and Swietenia humilis. It is native to South America, Mexico and Central America, but naturalized in the Philippines, Singapore, Malaysia and Hawaii, and cultivated in plantations and wind-breaks elsewhere.
Lepidaria
Lepidaria is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Loranthaceae.

Its native range is Thailand to Western and Central Malesia.

Species:

Lepidaria bicarinata Tiegh.

Lepidaria biflora Tiegh.

Lepidaria kingii (Scort. ex King) Danser

Lepidaria oviceps Danser

Lepidaria pulchella Danser

Lepidaria quadriflora Tiegh.

Lepidaria sabaensis (Stapf) Danser

Lepidaria tetrantha (Merr.) Danser

Lepidaria vaginata Tiegh.

Malesia
Malesia is a biogeographical region straddling the Equator and the boundaries of the Indomalayan and Australasian realms. It is a phytogeographical floristic region in the Paleotropical kingdom. It was first recognized as a distinct region in 1857 by Heinrich Zollinger, a Swiss botanist and explorer. The precise boundaries used to define Malesia vary. The broadly defined area used in Flora Malesiana consists of the countries of Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, Brunei, the Philippines, Timor-Leste and Papua New Guinea. The original definition by the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD) covered a similar area, but New Guinea and some offshore islands were split off as Papuasia in its 2001 version.
Alexander Bogomolny
Alexander Bogomolny (January 4, 1948  – July 7, 2018) was a Soviet-born Israeli-American mathematician. He was Professor Emeritus of Mathematics at the University of Iowa, and formerly research fellow at the Moscow Institute of Electronics and Mathematics, senior instructor at Hebrew University and software consultant at Ben Gurion University. He wrote extensively about arithmetic, probability, algebra, geometry, trigonometry and mathematical games.

He was known for his contribution to heuristics and mathematics education, creating and maintaining the mathematically themed educational website Cut-the-Knot. He was a pioneer in mathematical education on the internet, having started Cut-the-Knot in  October 1996.

Heuristic
A heuristic or heuristic technique (problem solving, mental shortcut, rule of thumb) is any approach to problem solving that employs a pragmatic method that is not fully optimized, perfected, or rationalized, but is nevertheless "good enough" as an approximation or attribute substitution. Where finding an optimal solution is impossible or impractical, heuristic methods can be used to speed up the process of finding a satisfactory solution. Heuristics can be mental shortcuts that ease the cognitive load of making a decision.

Heuristic reasoning is often based on induction, or on analogy ... Induction is the process of discovering general laws ... Induction tries to find regularity and coherence ... Its most conspicuous instruments are generalization, specialization, analogy. [...] Heuristic discusses human behavior in the face of problems [... that have been] preserved in the wisdom of proverbs.
Kırkkavak, Mut
Kırkkavak is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Mut, Mersin Province, Turkey. Its population is 357 (2022). It is situated to the south of Göksu River. Its distance to Mut is 25 kilometres (16 mi) and to Mersin is 185 kilometres (115 mi).

Mut, Mersin
Mut is a municipality and district of Mersin Province, Turkey. Its area is 2,718 km2, and its population is 62,874 (2022).

Mut is a rural district at the foot of the Sertavul Pass on the road over the Taurus Mountains from Ankara and Konya to the Mediterranean coast at Anamur or Silifke. Mut is known for its special apricot variety, Mut şekerparesi, and a statue of a girl carrying a basket of them stands at the entrance to the town. The summer is hot and the people of Mut retreat to high meadows (so called yayla) even further up the mountainside. The forests up here are home to wild boar, and the Gezende reservoir on the Ermenek River is a welcome patch of blue in this dry district. The dam has a hydro-electric power station built in Romania.
George Hayduke (character)
George Washington Hayduke is a fictional character in Edward Abbey's novels The Monkey Wrench Gang and Hayduke Lives! Hayduke is portrayed as a rugged individualist with a predilection for working independently when protecting the environment. He is at first skeptical of working with the rest of the monkey wrench gang early in the first book, but soon collaborates with them.

Edward Abbey
Edward Paul Abbey (January 29, 1927 – March 14, 1989) was an American author and essayist noted for his advocacy of environmental issues, criticism of public land policies, and anarchist political views. His best-known works include the novel The Monkey Wrench Gang, which has been cited as an inspiration by radical environmental groups, and the non-fiction work Desert Solitaire.
Novoalexandrovo
Novoalexandrovo (Russian: Новоалександрово) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Novoalexandrovskoye Rural Settlement, Suzdalsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 1,219 as of 2010. There are 13 streets.

Vladimir Oblast
Vladimir Oblast (Russian: Влади́мирская о́бласть, romanized: Vladimirskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Vladimir, which is located 190 kilometers (120 mi) east of Moscow. As of the 2010 Census, the oblast's population was 1,443,693.

The UNESCO World Heritage List includes the 12th-century cathedrals of Vladimir, Suzdal, Bogolyubovo, and Kideksha.
Alene Duerk
Alene Bertha Duerk (March 29, 1920 – July 21, 2018) became the first female admiral in the U.S. Navy in 1972. She was also the director of the U.S. Navy Nurse Corps from 1970 to 1975. She is a 1974 recipient of a Distinguished Alumni Award of Case Western Reserve University's Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing.

Portsmouth, Virginia
Portsmouth is an independent city in southeastern Virginia, United States. It lies across the Elizabeth River from Norfolk. As of the 2020 census, the population was 97,915. It is the ninth-most populous city in Virginia and is part of the Hampton Roads metropolitan area. Due to its strategic location, the city has long been associated with the United States Armed Forces, particularly the Navy. The Norfolk Naval Shipyard is a historic and active Navy facility located in Portsmouth.
Moakley
Moakley is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Gertrude Moakley (1905–1998), American librarian and noted Tarot scholar

Joe Moakley (1927–2001), American politician

John Francis Moakley (1863–1955), American track and field coach

Thomas Moakley, American politician

Francis Xavier Moakley (1933-2010), American university professor

Joe Moakley
John Joseph Moakley (April 27, 1927 – May 28, 2001) was an American politician who served as the United States representative for Massachusetts's 9th congressional district from 1973 until his death in 2001. Moakley won the seat from incumbent Louise Day Hicks in a 1972 rematch; the seat had been held two years earlier by the retiring Speaker of the House John William McCormack. Moakley was the last Democratic chairman of the U.S. House Committee on Rules before Republicans took control of the chamber in 1995. He is the namesake of both Joe Moakley Park and the John Joseph Moakley United States Courthouse in Boston.
Santa Maria alla Fontana, Milan
Chiesa di Santa Maria alla Fontana is a church in Milan, Italy. Built in 1508, it was traditionally attributed to Leonardo da Vinci, Bramante or Cristoforo Solari (under the commission of Charles II d'Amboise, the French governor of the city, who was allegedly healed by a spring on the site of the future church in 1507):  a document found in 1982, however, revealed that it was designed by Giovanni Antonio Amadeo.

Charles II d'Amboise
Charles II d'Amboise, Seigneur de Chaumont (1473 – 11 March 1511) was a French nobleman, who acted as French governor of Milan (1503–1511) during the reign of Louis XII and as a French commander during the War of the League of Cambrai.
Rositsa Kirova
Rositsa Lyubenova Kirova (Bulgarian: Росица Любенова Кирова; born 1 January 1970) is a Bulgarian politician of GERB. Since 2021, she has been a member of the National Assembly. She has served as a deputy speaker since 2023, having previously served from 2021 to 2022. She was a municipal councillor of Vidin from 2006 to 2015, and a candidate for mayor in the 2015 local elections.

2015 Bulgarian local elections
Local elections were held in all municipalities in Bulgaria on 25 October 2015 (first round) and on 1 November 2015 (second round). Voters elected municipal mayors, village mayors and members of municipal councils of 265 municipalities. They were held alongside a referendum on the electoral code.
Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 267
Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 267 (P. Oxy. 267 or P. Oxy. II 267) is a fragment of an Agreement of Marriage in Greek. It was discovered in Oxyrhynchus. The manuscript was written on papyrus in the form of a sheet. It is dated to 22 May 37. Currently it is housed in the Milton S. Eisenhower Library (267 EEF/Goodwin*) of the Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore.

Oxyrhynchus
Oxyrhynchus (/ˌɒksɪˈrɪŋkəs/ OK-sih-RINK-əs; Ancient Greek: Ὀξύῤῥυγχος, romanized: Oxýrrhynkhos, lit. 'sharp-nosed', Koine Greek: [okˈsyr̥r̥yŋkʰos]; Ancient Egyptian: pr mꜥḏ; Coptic: ⲡⲉⲙϫⲉ or ⲡⲙ̅ϫⲏ, romanized: Pemdje), also known by its modern name Al-Bahnasa (Arabic: البهنسا, romanized: el-Bahnasa), is a city in Middle Egypt located about 160 km south-southwest of Cairo in Minya Governorate. It is also an important  archaeological site. Since the late 19th century, the area around Oxyrhynchus has been excavated almost continually, yielding an enormous collection of papyrus texts dating from the Ptolemaic Kingdom and Roman Egypt. They also include a few vellum manuscripts, and more recent Arabic manuscripts on paper (for example, the medieval P. Oxy. VI 1006).
Serville Poblete
Serville Poblete is a Canadian screenwriter and film director from Toronto, whose debut feature film Altar Boy premiered in the Borsos Competition program at the 2021 Whistler Film Festival.

Of Filipino descent, Poblete grew up in the St. James Town neighbourhood of Toronto, and studied media production at George Brown College. He released his first short film, Lovebound, in 2018, before beginning work on Altar Boy, which starred his childhood friend Mark Bacolcol.

His second feature film, Lovely, premiered at the 2024 Reelworld Film Festival, and was longlisted for the 2024 Jean-Marc Vallée DGC Discovery Award.

St. James Town
St. James Town (sometimes misspelled St. Jamestown) is a neighbourhood of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It lies in the northeast corner of the downtown area. The neighbourhood covers the area bounded by Jarvis Street to the west, Bloor Street East to the north, Parliament Street to the east, and Wellesley Street East to the south.

St. James Town is the largest high-rise community in Canada. 
It has been identified as one of 13 economically deprived neighbourhoods within the city.
It consists of 19 high-rise buildings (14 to 32 stories). These residential towers were built in the 1960s. Officially, approximately 17,000 people live in the neighbourhood's 19 apartment towers and 4 low rise buildings, making it one of Canada's most densely populated communities.
Fischer-Lasch Farmhouse
Fischer-Lasch Farmhouse, also known as Hillwood Dairy Farm, is a historic farmhouse located at Wheeling, Ohio County, West Virginia.  It was built in 1884, and is a 2+1⁄2-story I house-style red-brick dwelling in the Italianate style.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1995.

I-house
The I-house is a vernacular house type, popular in the United States from the colonial period onward. The I-house was so named in the 1930s by Fred Kniffen, a cultural geographer at Louisiana State University who was a specialist in folk architecture. He identified and analyzed the type in his 1936 study of Louisiana house types.

He chose the name "I-house" because the style was commonly built in the rural farm areas of Indiana, Illinois and Iowa, all states beginning with the letter "I". But he was not implying that this house type originated in, or was restricted to, those three states. It is also referred to as Plantation Plain style.
Krunkelbach Pit
The Krunkelbach Pit (German: Grube Krunkelbach), also known as the Hans Paul Pit (Grube Hans Paul), was a mine established to investigate a uranium deposit in the High Black Forest near the municipality of Menzenschwand, today part of St. Blasien in the county of Waldshut in the south German state of Baden-Württemberg. Located on the edge of the nature reserve of Feldberg, operation of the mine was abandoned between 1961 and 1991 due to protests from local residents, conservationists and environmentalists as well as the anti-nuclear movement. In the 1970s, plans to use water from the pit that contained radon in order to build an exclusive health spa around Menzenschwand, were cancelled. Since 2005, water from the uranium ore deposit has been used to run a radon bath in Menzenschwand.

Mineral diversity is very high: >95 minerals were found here. It is a type locality of Arsenuranospathite, Chadwickite, Metakahlerite, Metakirchheimerite, Metauranospinite Pharmacolite.

Naturschutzgebiet
A Naturschutzgebiet (German pronunciation: [naˈtuːɐ̯ʃʊtsɡəˌbiːt] ⓘ; abbreviated NSG) is a category of protected area (nature reserve) within Germany's Federal Nature Conservation Act (the Bundesnaturschutzgesetz or BNatSchG).
Although often translated as 'Nature Reserve' in English, the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (BfN) refers to them as 'Nature Conservation Areas'. It meets the criteria of an IUCN Category IV – habitat or species management area.