hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Peshmerga Roj
Peshmerga Roj (Kurdish: پێشمەرگێ ڕۆژ, romanized: Pêşmergê Roj), also known as the Rojava Peshmerga (Kurdish: پێشمەرگێ ڕۆژئاڤا, romanized: Pêşmergê Rojava), or the Roj Army (Kurdish: لەشکرێ ڕۆژ, romanized: Leşkirê Roj) are the military wing of the KDP-S, Kurdish National Council and KRG in Syria. They are pro-KDP and take orders from President Barzani of Iraqi Kurdistan.

Government of the Kurdistan Region
The Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) is the official executive body of the semi-autonomous Kurdistan Region in northern Iraq.

The cabinet is selected by the majority party or list who also select the prime minister of the Iraqi Kurdish polity. The president is directly elected by the electorate of the region and is the head of the cabinet and chief of state who delegates executive powers to the cabinet. The prime minister is traditionally the head of the legislative body but also shares executive powers with the president. The President of Kurdistan Region is also the commander-in-chief of the Peshmerga.
2016 Fermanagh Senior Football Championship
The 2016 Fermanagh Senior Football Championship was the 110th edition of the Fermanagh GAA's premier club Gaelic football tournament for senior clubs in County Fermanagh, Northern Ireland. The tournament consists of 8 teams, with the winner representing Fermanagh in the Ulster Senior Club Football Championship. The championship had a straight knock-out format.

Derrygonnelly Harps entered as defending champions after their victory over Roslea Shamrocks the previous year.

Derrygonnelly successfully defended their title after defeating Erne Gaels in the final by a point.

Ulster Senior Club Football Championship
The Ulster Senior Club Football Championship is an annual Gaelic football tournament organised by Ulster GAA. It is played between the Senior championship winners from each of the nine counties of Ulster. The competition was first held in 1968 and has a straight knock-out format. The winners are awarded the Seamus McFerran Cup (Irish: Corn Shéamuis Mhic Fearáin). The winners go on to represent Ulster in the All-Ireland Senior Club Football Championship.

Derry clubs have won the competition seventeen times, more than any other county. Crossmaglen Rangers are the most successful club, having won the competition eleven times. The current champions are Scotstown from Monaghan, having beaten Kilcoo in the 2025 final.
1967 Philippine House of Representatives special elections
Five special elections (known as "by-elections" elsewhere) to the House of Representatives of the Philippines, the lower house of the Congress of the Philippines, were held on November 14, 1967, along with the 1967 Philippine Senate election and the 1967 Philippine constitutional plebiscite. These were for vacancies in the 6th Congress of the Philippines; the winners were to serve the rest of the term, which had ended on December 30, 1969. Political parties were allowed to field multiple candidates per district; the Nacionalista Party won in all districts, mirroring their victory in the Senate election where they won six of the eight seats up.

These were the last special elections until the proclamation of martial law by president Ferdinand Marcos in 1972. The next such special elections are to be in 1993, or seven years after Marcos was overthrown after the People Power Revolution.

6th Congress of the Philippines
The 6th Congress of the Philippines (Filipino: Ikaanim na Kongreso ng Pilipinas), composed of the Philippine Senate and House of Representatives, met from January 17, 1966, until June 17, 1969, during the first three-and-a-half years of Ferdinand Marcos's presidency.
Mike Morgan (politician)
Mike Morgan (born January 26, 1955) is an American politician from the U.S. state of Oklahoma. A  Democrat, Morgan served as the President pro tempore of the Oklahoma Senate during the 51st Oklahoma Legislature.

Oklahoma Senate
The Oklahoma Senate is the upper house of the two houses of the Legislature of Oklahoma, the other being the Oklahoma House of Representatives. The total number of senators is set at 48 by the Oklahoma Constitution.

Senators approve or reject gubernatorial appointments, and contribute to the creation of both state law and an annual state budget. Every ten years, they aid in drawing new boundaries for Oklahoma's electoral districts. The Oklahoma Senate also serves as a court of impeachment.

The presiding officer of the Senate is the lieutenant governor of Oklahoma, who is the president of the Senate. Since the 1960s, the president pro tempore of the Senate has presided over daily work. Prior to that time, the president of the Senate took a leading role in the Senate, including appointing committees and members to those committees. The president of the Senate may cast a vote only in the instance of a tie vote and may not vote to create a tie.
Rhyzodiastes convergens
Rhyzodiastes convergens is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Rhysodinae. It was described by R.T. & J.R. Bell in 1985. It is found on the island of New Britain (Bismarck Archipelago, Papua New Guinea).

Bismarck Archipelago
The Bismarck Archipelago (German: Bismarck-Archipel, pronounced [ˈbɪsmaʁk ˌaʁçiˈpeːl]) is a group of islands located just off the northeastern coast of New Guinea in the western Pacific Ocean, part of the Islands Region of Papua New Guinea. Its area is about 50,000 square kilometres (19,000 sq mi).
Debye–Falkenhagen effect
The increase in the conductivity of an electrolyte solution when the applied voltage has a very high frequency is known as Debye–Falkenhagen effect, named after Peter Debye and Hans Falkenhagen who published about it 1928. Impedance measurements on water-p-dioxane and the methanol-toluene systems have confirmed Falkenhagen's predictions made in 1929.

Toluene
Toluene (/ˈtɒl.juiːn/), also known as toluol (/ˈtɒl.ju.ɒl, -ɔːl, -oʊl/), is a substituted aromatic hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C6H5CH3, often abbreviated as PhCH3, where Ph stands for the phenyl group. It is a colorless, water-insoluble liquid with the odor associated with paint thinners. It is a mono-substituted benzene derivative, consisting of a methyl group (CH3) attached to a phenyl group by a single bond. As such, its systematic IUPAC name is methylbenzene. Toluene is predominantly used as an industrial feedstock and a solvent.

As the solvent in some types of paint thinner, permanent markers, contact cement and certain types of glue, toluene is sometimes used as a recreational inhalant and has the potential of causing severe neurological harm.
Iron Man: The Best of Black Sabbath
Iron Man: The Best of Black Sabbath is a compilation album from the English heavy metal band Black Sabbath, released by Sanctuary Records to support the band's 2012 reunion tour.

The album features exactly the same track listing as 2009's Greatest Hits.

Black Sabbath Reunion Tour
The Reunion Tour was a concert tour by the English heavy metal band Black Sabbath, celebrating the band's 2012 reunion and in support of their album 13, which was the group's first album to feature their original singer Ozzy Osbourne since 1978's Never Say Die! and original bassist Geezer Butler since 1994's Cross Purposes.
Wimbledon Chase
Wimbledon Chase is a south-west London suburb part of the wider Wimbledon area. It takes its name from Wimbledon Chase railway station and thus it is an informal definition: parts vie with the definitions of Merton Park, which has a tram link stop to the east of Wimbledon Chase station.  Also contemporary suburb names which compete with the definition of this modestly-sized district of Merton to the west and south are Raynes Park and South Merton, respectively.

The area contains Wimbledon Chase Primary School and is largely residential in character, with a small parade of shops on Kingston Road (including a Co-operative Food, a Tesco Express and a BP garage with an M&S concession).

Co-op Food
Co-op is a UK supermarket chain and the brand used for the food retail business of The Co-operative Group, one of the world's largest consumer co-operatives. As the UK's seventh largest food retailer, Co-op operates nearly 2,400 food stores. It also supplies products to over 6,000 other stores, including those run by independent co-operative societies, through its wholesale business, Co-op Wholesale.

Co-op is a mutual and employs 56,000 people, with an annual turnover of more than £11 billion. The organisation is known for its involvement in social and community programmes.

Although Co-op formerly operated several larger supermarkets, the vast majority of their sites today are small or medium sized stores.
Fort Namaqua
Fort Namaqua, some of its other names are Mariano's Crossing and Namaqua Station, was a trading post from 1858 or 1859. It was located in the present-day city of Loveland, Colorado in Larimer County, Colorado. In 1862, it became a stage station for travelers along the foothills to Denver. A fort was built at the site after 60 horses were driven off the property. Medina also developed a small settlement with people from his hometown of Taos, New Mexico. The site was named Namaqua in 1868, with the establishment of a post office. Buildings were used until the 1920s and were later dismantled. A historical marker is located at Namaqua Park, near the site of the former fort and station. A copper sculpture honors Mariano Medina at the site of the Mariano Medina Family Cemetery.

Stage station
A stage station, also known as a relay station, posting station or a staging post, is a facility along a main road or trade route where a traveller can rest or replace exhausted horses for fresh ones, since long journeys are much faster when using well fed and rested mounts. A stage is the space between the stops known as stations, posts, or relays.

Organised long-distance land travel became known as staging or posting. Stagecoaches, post chaises, private vehicles, individual riders and the like followed the already long-established system for messengers, couriers and letter-carriers.

Through metonymy the name stage also came to be used for a stagecoach alone.
Journal of Nanoparticle Research
The Journal of Nanoparticle Research is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Springer Science+Business Media, part of Springer-Nature (springernature.com). It focuses mainly on physical, chemical, and biological phenomena and processes in structures of sizes comparable to a few nanometers. It was established in 1999 and the editor-in-chief is Mihail C. Roco (National Science Foundation). According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2024 impact factor of 2.6.

Nanometre
The nanometre (international spelling as used by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures; SI symbol: nm), or nanometer (American spelling), is a unit of length in the International System of Units (SI), equal to one billionth (short scale) or one thousand millionth (long scale) of a metre (0.000000001 m) and to 1000 picometres. One nanometre can be expressed in scientific notation as 1 × 10−9 m and as ⁠1/1000000000⁠ m.
Gar Waddy
Edgar Lloyd "Gar" Waddy (3 December 1879 – 2 August 1963) was an Australian cricketer. A a right-handed batsman and wicket-keeper, he played 58 first-class cricket matches, mostly for New South Wales, between 1896 and 1921, scoring 2775 runs and taking two wickets.

Waddy toured New Zealand with the Australian teams in 1913–14 and 1920–21. He played in the two matches against New Zealand on each tour. He made his highest first-class score, 140 in 124 minutes, when he opened the batting in the second match against New Zealand in 1913–14.

He was the father of the Second World War aviator and New South Wales legislator John Lloyd Waddy. Two of his brothers, Ernest Frederick, known as "Mick", and Percival Stacy, known as "Stacy", also played first-class cricket.

Australian cricket team in New Zealand in 1913–14
The Australia national cricket team toured New Zealand from February to April 1914 and played eight first-class matches including two against the New Zealand national team. New Zealand at this time had not been elevated to Test status. The tour was organized and captained by Arthur Sims, who had previously represented New Zealand.  The tour is notable for the fact that it featured Victor Trumper's final appearance in a first-class match before his death at age 37 in 1915.
Lužice (Olomouc District)
Lužice (German: Luschitz) is a municipality and village in Olomouc District in the Olomouc Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 400 inhabitants.

Lužice lies approximately 14 kilometres (9 mi) north of Olomouc and 208 km (129 mi) east of Prague.

Olomouc Region
Olomouc Region (Czech: Olomoucký kraj; German: Olmützer Region, pronounced [ˈɔlmʏt͡sɐ ʁeˈɡi̯oːn]; Polish: Kraj ołomuniecki) is an administrative unit (Czech: kraj) of the Czech Republic, located in the north-western and central part of its historical region of Moravia (Morava) and in a small part of the historical region of Czech Silesia (České Slezsko). It is named for its capital Olomouc.

Olomouc region borders with the Moravian-Silesian Region (in the east), Zlín Region (in the south-east), South Moravian Region (in the south-west) and Pardubice Region (in the west). Furthermore, the region shares a 104 km long border with Poland (in the north).
New Jersey General Assembly, 2008–2010 term
The New Jersey General Assembly is the lower house of the New Jersey Legislature.  The following is the roster and leadership positions for the 2008–2010 term, which was the 213th legislature. The term began on January 10, 2008, and ended on January 10, 2010. Members were elected in the 2007 New Jersey General Assembly election.

2007 New Jersey General Assembly election
The 2007 New Jersey General Assembly elections were held on November 6, 2007, for all 80 seats in the lower house of the New Jersey Legislature. The election occurred midway through Democratic Governor Jon Corzine's term. Democrats held a 49–31 majority in the lower house prior to the election. The members of the New Jersey Legislature are chosen from 40 electoral districts. Each district elects one State Senator and two State Assembly members. New Jersey uses coterminous legislative districts for both its State Senate and General Assembly.

The Democratic Party won a 48–32 majority. Republicans were able to flip one seat in the 2nd, 8th (after a Republican switched to the Democrats) and 12th districts, while Democrats flipped one seat in the 14th.
Armeria juniperifolia
Armeria juniperifolia, the juniper-leaved thrift, is a species of flowering plant in the family Plumbaginaceae. It is a mat-forming evergreen perennial, with pale pink clover-like flowers appearing in Spring above dark green, needle-like foliage. Numerous cultivars have been developed for garden use, where it is suitable for cultivation in the alpine or rock garden.

This species  and the cultivar 'Bevan's Variety'  have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

Plumbaginaceae
Plumbaginaceae is a family of flowering plants, with a cosmopolitan distribution. The family is sometimes referred to as the leadwort family or the plumbago family.

Most species in this family are perennial herbaceous plants, but a few grow as lianas or shrubs. The plants have perfect flowers and are pollinated by insects. They are found in many different climatic regions, from arctic to tropical conditions, but are particularly associated with salt-rich steppes, marshes, and sea coasts.

The family has been recognized by most taxonomists. The APG II system (2003; unchanged from the APG system of 1998), recognizes this family and assigns it to the order Caryophyllales in the clade core eudicots. It includes c. 30 genera and about 725 species.

The 1981 Cronquist system placed the family in a separate order Plumbaginales, which included no other families. The Dahlgren system had segregated some of these plants as family Limoniaceae.
Characteristic class
In mathematics, a characteristic class is a way of associating to each principal bundle of X a cohomology class of X. The cohomology class measures the extent to which the bundle is "twisted" and whether it possesses sections. Characteristic classes are global invariants that measure the deviation of a local product structure from a global product structure. They are one of the unifying geometric concepts in algebraic topology, differential geometry, and algebraic geometry.

The notion of characteristic class arose in 1935 in the work of Eduard Stiefel and Hassler Whitney about vector fields on manifolds.

Algebraic topology
Algebraic topology is a branch of mathematics that uses tools from abstract algebra to study topological spaces. The basic goal is to find algebraic invariants that classify topological spaces up to homeomorphism, though usually most classify up to homotopy equivalence.

Although algebraic topology primarily uses algebra to study topological problems, using topology to solve algebraic problems is sometimes also possible. Algebraic topology, for example, allows for a convenient proof that any subgroup of a free group is again a free group.
French ship Alcide (1782)
Alcide was a 74-gun Pégase-class ship of the line of the French Navy, launched in 1782.

In 1782, she took part in the American war of Independence in De Grasse's fleet.

She took part in the Battle of Hyères, under captain Le Blond Saint-Hilaire. She was the last ship of the French rear when she was becalmed and had to fight HMS Victory, Culloden, and Cumberland. She managed to damage the rigging of Culloden, but was quickly battered by her overwhelmingly superior opponents. She surrendered to Cumberland at 2h. The frigates  Justice and Alceste attempted to take her in tow to safety, but were repelled by gunfire from Victory.

Soon thereafter, a fire broke out, reportedly in her tops or by her own heated shots. She exploded 30 minutes afterwards with the loss of 300.

HMS Cumberland (1774)
HMS Cumberland was a 74-gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, launched on 29 March 1774 at Deptford Dockyard.

She participated in actions against the French Navy both prior to and during the Napoleonic Wars. She was broken up in 1804.
Bureau of Religions
The Bureau of Religions (宗教局, Shūkyō kyoku) is one of the Internal departments of the Ministry of the Interior during the pre-World War I period and later the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture in Japan.

It was split off from the Bureau of Shrines and Temples in 1900.

Ikuhiko Hata
Ikuhiko Hata (秦 郁彦, Hata Ikuhiko; born 12 December 1932) is a Japanese historian. He earned his PhD at the University of Tokyo and has taught history at several universities. He is the author of a number of influential and well-received scholarly works, particularly on topics related to Japan's role in the Second Sino-Japanese War and World War II.

He has written extensively on such controversial subjects as the Nanjing Massacre and the comfort women. He does not believe that comfort women were coerced by the Japanese military to work. Fellow historian Edward Drea has called him "the doyen of Japanese military historians". Hata is variously regarded as being a "conservative" historian or a "centrist".
Fragment of Fear
Fragment of Fear is a 1970 British thriller film directed by Richard C. Sarafian and starring David Hemmings, Gayle Hunnicutt, Wilfrid Hyde-White, Roland Culver, Flora Robson and Arthur Lowe. It was written by Paul Dehn adapted from the 1965 novel A Fragment of Fear by John Bingham.

Richard C. Sarafian
Richard Caspar Sarafian (April 28, 1930 – September 18, 2013) was an Armenian-American film director and actor. He compiled a versatile career that spanned over five decades as a director, actor, and writer. Sarafian is best known as the director of the 1971 film Vanishing Point and the classic The Twilight Zone episode "Living Doll".
2014–15 Lega Basket Serie A
The 2014–15 Lega Basket Serie A was the 93rd season of the Lega Basket Serie A, the highest professional basketball league in Italy.

The regular season started on 12 October 2014 and finished on 10 May 2015, after all teams had played 30 games each.
The eight best ranked teams advanced to the play-off phase whilst Pasta Reggia Caserta was relegated to the Serie A2 after finishing last in the league table.

The play-offs started on 18 May 2015 and finished on 26 June 2015, Banco di Sardegna Sassari won their first title by beating Grissin Bon Reggio Emilia in game 7 of the finals.

Aquila Basket Trento
Aquila Basket Trento, also known for sponsorship reasons as Dolomiti Energia Trento, is an Italian professional basketball club based in Trent, Trentino.

It was founded in 1995 as an amalgamation of two local clubs, going from the amateur divisions to the first division LBA in less than a decade. It plays in the LBA as of the 2024–25 season.
Ajax (1913 automobile)
The Ajax was a French automobile built by the American Briscoe brothers, Benjamin and Frank, between 1913 and 1919. Originally built in Neuilly, it was a 12 hp cyclecar with 980 cc 4-cylinder engine with friction drive. It sold for £78.

Production continued after the brothers returned to the United States where they built the Argo car, which was similar to the Ajax, differing in the inclusion of a more conventional transmission.

Neuilly-sur-Seine
Neuilly-sur-Seine (French pronunciation: [nøji syʁ sɛn] ⓘ; lit. 'Neuilly-on-Seine'), also known simply as Neuilly, is an urban commune in Hauts-de-Seine, Île-de-France, France. An immediate western suburb of Paris, it is physically separated from the capital centre only by the Périphérique to its east and the Bois de Boulogne to its south.

Neuilly is mainly made up of residential neighborhoods and hosts several corporate headquarters and foreign embassies. One of the most affluent areas of France, it is the wealthiest and most expensive suburb of Paris. Although, as of 2020, it is the commune with only the fourth highest median per capita income (€52,570 per year) in France, if Neuilly is grouped together with the city's adjacent 16th and 17th arrondissements, they form the most affluent residential area in the country.
Anne Hagopian
Anne Hagopian van Buren (1927 – October 13, 2008) was an art historian who studied 14th- and 15th-century Netherlandish art. She attended and graduated from Radcliffe College. As an undergraduate student, she did computing work at the Harvard College Observatory. She earned a Ph.D. in art history from Bryn Mawr College and taught at Tufts University from 1975 to 1984.  After graduating, she left astronomy to marry theologian Paul van Buren and have four children. She is remembered as a prominent expert in 14th and 15th Netherlandish art who proudly used her scientific training to enhance her art history research.

Hagopian's article "Reality and Literary Romance in the Park of Hesdin" explores the literary origins of motifs found in Robert d'Artois's garden at Hesdin. Hagopian wrote that "the imagery from French romances is realized at Hesdin".

Harvard College Observatory
The Harvard College Observatory (HCO) is an institution managing a complex of buildings and multiple instruments used for astronomical research by the Harvard University Department of Astronomy. It is located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States, and was founded in 1839. With the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, it forms part of the Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian.

HCO houses the Harvard Plate Stacks, a collection of approximately 600,000 astronomical plates taken between the mid-1880s and 1989 (with a gap from 1953–1968). This 100-year coverage is a unique resource for studying temporal variations in the universe. The Digital Access to a Sky Century @ Harvard project scanned and 429,274 direct image plates, leaving nearly 200,000 spectra and other photographic plates yet to be digitized. In 2024, a new database, StarGlass, was created to combine the scientific data from the plates with the Plate Stack's archival holdings.