hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tecticornia arbuscula
Tecticornia arbuscula, the shrubby glasswort or scrubby samphire, is a species of plant in the family Amaranthaceae, native to Australia. It is a shrub that grows to  2 metres in height, with a spreading habit. It has succulent swollen branchlets with small leaf lobes.

The species occurs on shorelines in coastal or estuarine areas or in salt marshes, especially marshes subject to occasional inundation by the ocean. It has a patchy distribution across south coastal Australia, occurring in southern Western Australia, South Australia, Victoria, New South Wales and Tasmania.

Seeds of the species are enclosed in a hard, vaguely pyramid-shaped pericarp which reveal 1.5 mm long, narrow seeds. these seeds appear as golden brown, transparent and unornamented.

Originally published by Robert Brown under the name Salicornia arbuscula, it was transferred into Sclerostegia by Paul G. Wilson in 1980, before being merged into Tecticornia in 2007.

Amaranthaceae
Amaranthaceae (/ˌæmərænˈθeɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/ AM-ər-an-THAY-see-ee, -⁠eye) is a family of flowering plants commonly known as the amaranth family, in reference to its type genus Amaranthus. It includes the former goosefoot family Chenopodiaceae and contains about 165 genera and 2,040 species, making it the most species-rich lineage within its parent order, Caryophyllales.
Alf Watts
Alfred Augustus Watts (1862–1928), also known as A. A. Watts, was a British communist.

Born in Bow, London, Watts became a compositor and joined the Social Democratic Federation (SDF).  In 1904, he became a member of the Board of Guardians in Poplar, a post he held until his death.  After the SDF became the British Socialist Party, Watts became a leader of the majority anti-war faction, and was elected to the party executive as Treasurer, alongside Albert Inkpin and John Maclean.  He was a supporter of the October Revolution and of the formation of the Communist Party of Great Britain (CPGB).

In 1919, Watts was elected as a Labour Party member of London County Council in Battersea North, and in 1922 he was re-elected for the CPGB.  In 1925, he  was elected as a Councillor for Poplar Council, with the support of both Labour and the CPGB.

Typesetting
Typesetting is the composition of text for publication, display, or distribution by means of arranging physical type (or sort) in mechanical systems or glyphs in digital systems representing characters (letters and other symbols). Stored types are retrieved and ordered according to a language's orthography for visual display. Typesetting requires one or more fonts (which are widely but erroneously confused with and substituted for typefaces).

One significant effect of typesetting was that authorship of works could be spotted more easily, making it difficult for copiers who have not gained permission.
Fly Away Peter (1948 film)
Fly Away Peter is a 1948 British second feature ('B') comedy-drama film directed by Charles Saunders and starring Patrick Holt, Margaret Barton and Peter Hammond. It was written by Arthur Reid based on the play of the same name by A.P. Dearsley and produced by Highbury Productions.

Charles Saunders (director)
Charles Joel Saunders (8 April 1904 – 20 April 1997) was an English film director and screenwriter who began in the industry as a film editor, and who also contributed to television. He was the brother of the theatrical producer Sir Peter Saunders.
HPTE
HPTE, also known as hydroxychlor, p,p'-hydroxy-DDT, or 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,1,1-trichloroethane, is a metabolite of methoxychlor, a synthetic insecticide related to DDT. Like bisphenol A with similar chemical structure, HPTE is an endocrine disruptor which has estrogenic activity, and also inhibits Cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme (P450scc, CYP11A1) and 3α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3α-HSD).

Cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme
Cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme is commonly referred to as P450scc, where "scc" is an abbreviation for side-chain cleavage, and more properly named CYP11A1. P450scc is a mitochondrial enzyme that catalyzes conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone. This is the first reaction in the process of steroidogenesis in all mammalian tissues that specialize in the production of various steroid hormones.

P450scc is a member of the cytochrome P450 superfamily of enzymes (family 11, subfamily A, polypeptide 1) and is encoded by the CYP11A1 gene. The enzyme is sometimes referred to as Cholesterol desmolase, due to the breaking of the carbon bonds (desmolysis).
Potassium ferrioxalate
Potassium ferrioxalate, also called potassium trisoxalatoferrate or potassium tris(oxalato)ferrate(III) is a chemical compound with the formula K3[Fe(C2O4)3]. It often occurs as the trihydrate K3[Fe(C2O4)3]·3H2O. Both are crystalline compounds, lime green in colour.

The compound is a salt consisting of ferrioxalate anions, [Fe(C2O4)3]3−, and potassium cations K+. The anion is a transition metal oxalate complex consisting of an iron atom in the +3 oxidation state and three bidentate oxalate C2O2−4 ligands. Potassium is a counterion, balancing the −3 charge of the complex. In solution, the salt dissociates to give the ferrioxalate anion, [Fe(C2O4)3]3−, which appears fluorescent green in color.  The salt is available in anhydrous form as well as a trihydrate.

The ferrioxalate anion is quite stable in the dark, but it is decomposed by light and high-energy electromagnetic radiation.

Denticity
In coordination chemistry, denticity (from Latin  dentis 'tooth') refers to the number of donor groups in a given ligand that bind to the central metal atom in a coordination complex.  In many cases, only one atom in the ligand binds to the metal, so the denticity equals one, and the ligand is said to be unidentate or monodentate. Ligands with more than one bonded atom are called multidentate or polydentate. The denticity of a ligand is described with the Greek letter κ ('kappa').  For example, κ6-EDTA describes an EDTA ligand that coordinates through 6 non-contiguous atoms.

Denticity is different from hapticity because hapticity refers exclusively to ligands where the coordinating atoms are contiguous.  In these cases the η ('eta') notation is used. Bridging ligands use the μ ('mu') notation.
Bulgaria–Greece–Romania–Serbia UEFA Euro 2028 and 2030 FIFA World Cup bid
The Bulgaria–Greece–Romania–Serbia UEFA Euro 2028 and 2030 FIFA World Cup bid was a joint bid to host the UEFA Euro 2028 and 2030 FIFA World Cup by Bulgaria, Greece, Romania and Serbia. The bid was led by the Craiova Group.

On 25 February 2019, at the meeting in Sofia, Bulgaria of the Ministers of Youth and Sports of Romania, Constantin Bogdan Matei; Bulgaria, Krasen Kralev; Serbia, Vanja Udovičić and Deputy Minister of Culture and Sports of Greece, Giorgos Vasileiadis, it was officially confirmed that these four countries would submit joint candidacy for the organization of the UEFA Euro 2028 and the 2030 FIFA World Cup. Following the second meeting, the ministers signed a memorandum of understanding on 10 April 2019 in Thessaloniki, Greece. However, the project has been quietly abandoned, mainly due to Greece bidding with Egypt and Saudi Arabia.

2030 FIFA World Cup
The 2030 FIFA World Cup will be the 24th FIFA World Cup, a quadrennial international football tournament contested by the men's national teams of the member associations of FIFA.

The tournament will be jointly hosted by Morocco, Portugal, and Spain; it would be the first across the Mediterranean Sea. In honour of the 100th anniversary of the first FIFA World Cup in 1930, a special match and centennial celebration will be held at Estadio Centenario in Montevideo, Uruguay—host stadium of the 1930 final, as well as one match each in Buenos Aires, Argentina, and Asunción, Paraguay.

This will be the first World Cup held in North Africa and the first anywhere in Africa since 2010; in South America since 2014, and in Europe since 2018. In terms of the countries, this will be the first World Cup held in Morocco, Portugal, and Paraguay; Uruguay since the inaugural tournament in 1930; Argentina since 1978; and Spain since 1982.
2001 in music
This is a list of notable events in music that took place in the year 2001.

3.2 billion units were sold with a value of US$33.7 billion. DVD-Audio and Super Audio CD first rose to prominence in 2001, with approximately 600 titles available in these formats. Portable music grew in popularity after Apple Inc. released the iTunes media library on January 9 and the first iPod music player device on October 23. Worldwide, the best-selling albums were Hybrid Theory (2000) by Linkin Park, No Angel (1999) by Dido, and Survivor (2001) by Destiny's Child. The best-selling non-English album was Cieli di Toscana (transl. Tuscan Skies; 2001) by Italian tenor Andrea Bocelli, which topped the charts in the Netherlands and Sweden and was the 23rd best-selling album globally.

Cieli di Toscana
Cieli di Toscana (Tuscan Skies) is Italian tenor Andrea Bocelli's eighth studio album, released in 2001.

Released in October 2001, the album spent a total of two weeks at No. 3 on the official UK albums chart, the highest chart position ever for a foreign-language pop album, and reached the top 5 in over 10 other countries.

Tuscan Skies, a DVD of music videos of most of the songs of the album, was released the following year.
Niwase Domain
Niwase Domain (庭瀬藩, Niwase-han) was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, in what is now central Okayama Prefecture. It controlled a small portion of eastern Bitchū Province and was centered around Niwase jin'ya in what is now Kita-ku, Okayama. It was ruled for most its history by a branch of the Itakura clan. It was dissolved in the abolition of the han system in 1871 and is now part of Okayama Prefecture.Inukai Tsuyoshi, who became Prime Minister of Japan, was from Niwase Domain.

Kita-ku, Okayama
Kita-ku (北区) is one of four wards of Okayama, Okayama Prefecture, Japan. The ward has an area of 451.03 km2 and a population of 295,312. The population density is 655 per square kilometer. The name means "North Ward."

The wards of Okayama were established when Okayama became a city designated by government ordinance on April 1, 2009.

The city has its municipal headquarters in kita-ku.

The South Korean government maintains the Korea Education Institution (Korean: 오카야마한국교육원, Japanese: 岡山韓国教育院) in Kita-ku.
Beyond the Pale (band)
Beyond the Pale is a Toronto-based Canadian world/roots fusion band. Their style is rooted in klezmer,  Balkan and Romanian music but heavily accented with contemporary and North American styles including bluegrass, jazz, reggae, funk and classical chamber music. They are known for unique songcraft, virtuosic musicianship, meticulous dynamics, and exuberant live performances. They are widely regarded as one of Canada's most accomplished and innovative acoustic ensembles. Some have described their sound as being in the same spirit as "New Acoustic Music" and David Grisman's "Dawg" music, but tinged more heavily with an east European accent. The name of the band is a reference to the Eastern-European Jewish Pale of Settlement, from where their music is partially inspired.

David Grisman
David Jay Grisman (born March 23, 1945) is an American mandolinist. His music combines bluegrass, folk, and jazz in a genre he calls "dawg music". He founded the record label Acoustic Disc, which releases his recordings and those of other acoustic musicians. He was inducted into the International Bluegrass Music Hall of Fame in Owensboro, Kentucky in 2023.
Pir Hameeduddin Sialvi
Pir Khwaja Hameeduddin Sialvi (1936 – 17 September 2020) was a Pakistani spiritual leader and politician who was the  sajjadah nasheen of Sial Sharif shrine in Sargodha, Pakistan. Broadly speaking, his family is related to the Barelvi school of thought (although they prefer not to label themselves 'Barelvi').

He was a member of Senate of Pakistan on the ticket of PML (N) from March 1988 to March 1991 and again from March 1991 to March 1994.

Sargodha
Sargodha (/sɑːˈɡəʊdə/; سرگودھا; Punjabi: [sɐɾˈɡoː˦d̪ˑäː]; Urdu: [ˈsəɾˌɡoːˈd̪ʱɑː]) is a city and capital of Sargodha Division, located in central Punjab, Pakistan. It is Pakistan's 11th most populous city and one of the fastest-growing cities of the country. It is also known as the City of Eagles.

It is one of the few planned cities of Pakistan (others include Faisalabad, Islamabad and Gwadar).
Glittering Prize 81/92
Glittering Prize 81/92 is a compilation album by Simple Minds, released in October 1992.

It spans the period from Sons and Fascination/Sister Feelings Call (the first album recorded by Simple Minds for Virgin Records) to Real Life.

The album omits the earliest period of Simple Minds' recording career, which yielded three albums released on Arista (only reissues are on Virgin).

At the time of its release, the album was promoted by the double A-side single "Love Song/Alive and Kicking", where "Love Song" appeared in a remixed form. Both "Love Song" (from 1981) and "Alive and Kicking" (from 1985) appear in their original 7-inch edits on the album.

The namesake video collection, featuring promo videos and various live versions, was released simultaneously.

Sons and Fascination/Sister Feelings Call
Sons and Fascination/Sister Feelings Call is the fourth album by Scottish post-punk band Simple Minds; it is a double album. It was released in September 1981 and was their first to reach a wide international audience. It includes the singles "The American", "Love Song" and "Sweat in Bullet".
Geneive Abdo
Geneive Abdo (born 1960) is an American scholar and author of several books on the Middle East and the Islamic world. She was previously  a senior fellow at the Atlantic Council, a nonresident fellow in the Brookings Institution at Brookings Institution and a fellow in the Middle East program at the Stimson Center think tank. In 2017 Abdo released her latest book The New Sectarianism: The Arab Uprisings and the Rebirth of the Shi'a--Sunni Divide.

Stimson Center
The Stimson Center is a nonprofit, nonpartisan US think tank that analyzes issues related to global peace. It is named after the American lawyer and politician Henry L. Stimson. Stimson Center analyzes issues such as nuclear proliferation, arms trafficking, water management, wildlife poaching, and responses to humanitarian crises. It also provides consulting for US and international institutions and publishes articles for the general public. Stimson also convenes dialogues on global challenges.

In 2013, Stimson received the MacArthur Award for Creative and Effective Institutions. Stimson was ranked 10th best US think tank in the University of Pennsylvania's 2020 Global Go To Think Tanks Report.
First Nations Radio
First Nations Radio, formerly, Radio Larrakia (call sign: 8KNB), is an Aboriginal Australian community radio station in Darwin, Northern Territory with a broadcast range that reaches Jabiru.

The station was established in 1998 by the Larrakia Aboriginal community of Darwin and is managed and controlled by Larrakia Aboriginal traditional owners.

Broadcast range
A broadcast range (also listening range or listening area for radio, or viewing range or viewing area for television) is the service area that a broadcast station or other transmission covers via radio waves (or possibly infrared light, which is closely related).  It is generally the area in which a station's signal strength is sufficient for most receivers to decode it. However, this also depends on interference from other stations.
Cheilosia psilophthalma
Cheilosia psilophthalma is a Palearctic hoverfly  closely related  and very similar to Cheilosia latigenis, Cheilosia mutabilis and Cheilosia urbana .
It is a rare and little known species recorded from Scandinavia, Ireland, Britain, France, Poland, Switzerland, Greece, Montenegro, Serbia, Ukraine and European Russia. Flowers visited include Acer platanoides,  Anemone nemorosa, Primula veris, Prunus spinosa and  Salix spp. Cheilosia psilophthalma   flies in April and May (July at higher altitudes). Open, grassy areas within sparse woodland and unimproved, montane subalpine grassland are preferred habitats. Larvae are recorded as developing in Hieracium pilosella and Hieracium caespitosum.

Pilosella officinarum
Pilosella officinarum (synonym Hieracium pilosella), known as mouse-ear hawkweed, is a yellow-flowered species of flowering plant in the daisy family Compositae (= Asteraceae), native to Europe and northern Asia. It produces single, lemon-coloured inflorescences. Like most hawkweed species, it is highly variable and is a member of a species complex of several dozens of subspecies and hundreds of varieties and forms. It is an allelopathic plant.
The Death of Chatterton
The Death of Chatterton is an oil painting on canvas, by the English Pre-Raphaelite painter Henry Wallis (1830–1916), now in Tate Britain, London. Two smaller versions, sketches or replicas, are possessed by the Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery and the Yale Center for British Art. The Tate painting measures 62.2 centimetres (24.5 in) by 93.3 centimetres (36.7 in), and was completed during 1856.

Tate Britain
Tate Britain, known from 1897 to 1932 as the National Gallery of British Art and from 1932 to 2000 as the Tate Gallery, is an art museum on Millbank in the City of Westminster in London, England. It is part of the Tate network of galleries in England, with Tate Modern, Tate Liverpool and Tate St Ives. Founded by Sir Henry Tate, it houses a substantial collection of the art of the United Kingdom since Tudor times, and in particular has large holdings of the works of J. M. W. Turner, who bequeathed all his own collection to the nation. It is one of the largest museums in the country. In 2021, it ranked 50th on the list of most-visited art museums in the world.
Aluminium–silicon alloys
Aluminium–silicon alloys or Silumin is a general name for a group of lightweight, high-strength aluminium alloys based on an aluminum–silicon system (AlSi) that consist predominantly of aluminum – with silicon as the quantitatively most important alloying element. Pure AlSi alloys cannot be hardened, the commonly used alloys AlSiCu (with copper) and AlSiMg (with magnesium) can be hardened. The hardening mechanism corresponds to that of AlCu and AlMgSi.

AlSi alloys are by far the most important of all aluminum cast materials. They are suitable for all casting processes and have excellent casting properties. Important areas of application are in car parts, including engine blocks and pistons. In addition, their use as a functional material for high-energy heat storage in electric vehicles is currently being focused on.

Castability
Castability is the ease of forming a quality casting. A very castable part design is easily developed, incurs minimal tooling costs, requires minimal energy, and has few rejections.  Castability can refer to a part design or a material property.
Atalaya salicifolia
Atalaya salicifolia is a species of tree native to dry rainforests of tropical and subtropical Australia, New Guinea and Malesia. The leaves of smaller trees of this species have a distinct winged rachis, in larger trees the rachis becomes increasingly cylindrical.

Malesia
Malesia is a biogeographical region straddling the Equator and the boundaries of the Indomalayan and Australasian realms. It is a phytogeographical floristic region in the Paleotropical kingdom. It was first recognized as a distinct region in 1857 by Heinrich Zollinger, a Swiss botanist and explorer. The precise boundaries used to define Malesia vary. The broadly defined area used in Flora Malesiana consists of the countries of Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, Brunei, the Philippines, Timor-Leste and Papua New Guinea. The original definition by the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD) covered a similar area, but New Guinea and some offshore islands were split off as Papuasia in its 2001 version.
Alien (Beam album)
Alien is the debut studio album by Jamaican-American rapper and singer Beam. It was released on February 4, 2022 by Epic Records. The album features guest appearances from Vory, Zacari, Justin Bieber, Jorja Smith, Landstrip Chip, Papa San (Beam's father), and Valee. Production was handled by Beam himself, Al Cres, Dutchboi, Nathan Butts, Cubeatz, Pyrex, Smash David, Ben Billions, Cardo, Johnny Juliano, Yung Exclusive, BlakeSale, Bongo, Bass Charity, Azul, Gray Hawken, Angelo Arce, Cadenza, Wallis Lane, Stephen Fealy III, Timmy, Keanu Beats, Compose, ChaseTheMoney, Dim Cruz, Reid Waters, Skrillex, Larrance Dopson, Carlton McDowell, Adam MacDougall, Boi-1da, Jahaan Sweet, and SkipOnDaBeat. The album was executive produced by Beam himself, Al Cres, and Whetstone Ent. It was preceded by three singles: "Anxiety", "Win" and "Planet Beam".

Zacari
Zacari Moses Pacaldo I (born April 8, 1994), known mononymously as Zacari, is an American rapper, singer, songwriter, and multi-instrumentalist. He is best known for his guest appearance on American rapper and Top Dawg Entertainment labelmate Kendrick Lamar's 2017 single "Love", which peaked at number 11 on the Billboard Hot 100. His debut extended play (EP), Run Wild Run Free, was released by the label on March 15, 2019.
Jackson County Courthouse (Indiana)
Jackson County Courthouse is a historic courthouse located at Brownstown, Indiana.  The original building was built in 1870, and extensively remodeled by Elmer E. Dunlap in the Classical Revival style in 1911. It is a two-story, brick and limestone building consisting of a rectangular main central section with two flanking wings. The building features a four-sided clock tower. Located on the courthouse grounds are the contributing Sherman M-4 memorial tank, the town water pump and bell, and a cast iron fence (1872).: 3

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2011.

Clock tower
Clock towers are a specific type of structure that house a turret clock and have one or more clock faces on the upper exterior walls. Many clock towers are freestanding structures but they can also adjoin or be located on top of another building. Some other buildings also have clock faces on their exterior but these structures serve other main functions.

Clock towers are a common sight in many parts of the world with some being iconic buildings. One example is the Elizabeth Tower in London (usually called "Big Ben", although strictly this name belongs only to the bell inside the tower).
1967–68 Bulgarian Cup
The 1967–68 Bulgarian Cup was the 28th season of the Bulgarian Cup (in this period the tournament was named Cup of the Soviet Army). Spartak Sofia won the competition for the first and only time, beating Beroe Stara Zagora 3–2 after extra time in the final at the Vasil Levski National Stadium.

PFC Beroe Stara Zagora
Professional Football Club Beroe Stara Zagora, better known as just Beroe (Bulgarian: Берое), is a Bulgarian professional association football club based in Stara Zagora, that competes in the First League, the top division of the Bulgarian football league system. The club was founded in 1916 under the name Vereya. The club's colours are green and white.

Since then the home ground of Beroe has been the homonymous Stadion Beroe in Stara Zagora with a seating capacity of 12,128. Beroe were the 1986 champions of Bulgaria and they also won the Bulgarian Cup twice in 2010 and 2013. In terms of international achievements, Beroe hold the record for Balkans Cups titles, having won the tournament four times. The club's most noted and successful player is Petko Petkov, 2 times A Group Top Scorer: 1974 (with 20 goals) and 1976 (with 19 goals).