hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
AerCap
AerCap Holdings N.V. is an Irish-American aviation leasing company headquartered in Dublin, Ireland, with offices around the world. AerCap is listed on the NYSE with the ticker 'AER'. It became the largest aviation leasing company in the world following the acquisition of ILFC in 2014, and GECAS from GE in 2021, for over $30 billion.

Its assets include 1,486 owned narrow-body aircraft and wide-body aircraft as of the end of Q3 2023, as well as cargo aircraft, aircraft engines, regional jets, and helicopters.
Following the closing of the GECAS transaction General Electric owned 45.4% of the company, but, after a series of secondary market sales in March and September 2023, sold its final stake in November 2023. The company is now fully owned by public shareholders, the largest of which was Wellington with 21 million shares at the end of September 2023.

Wellington Management Company
Wellington Management Company is a private, independent investment management firm with client assets under management totaling over US$1 trillion based in Boston, Massachusetts, United States.

The firm serves as an investment advisor to over 2,200 institutions in over 60 countries, as of 30 June 2020. Its clients include central banks and sovereign institutions, pension funds, endowments and foundations, family offices, fund sponsors, insurance companies, financial intermediaries, and wealth managers.
Smelov
Smelov (masculine, Russian: Смелов) or Smelova (feminine, Russian: Смелова) is a Russian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Boris Smelov (1951 - 1998), Russian photographer

Sergei Smelov (born 1969), Russian football coach and player

Yegor Smelov (born 2005), Russian football player

Boris Smelov
Boris Smelov, Petit-Boris (March 13, 1951 — January 18, 1998) was a Russian and Soviet photographer considered a master of still life, portraits, and urban landscapes. Smelov was the founder of the ‘unofficial photography’ of the 1970s—1990s and is considered as one of the most outstanding Soviet underground artists.
Teru (woreda)
Teru is one of the Districts of Ethiopia, or woredas, in the Afar Region of Ethiopia. Part of the Administrative Zone 4, Teru is bordered on the south by Aura, on the southwest by Gulina, on the west by Yalo, and on the north and east by the Administrative Zone 2. The major settlement in this woreda is Alelo.

Fantí Rasu
Fantí Rasu, also known as Administrative Zone 4, is a zone in Afar Region of Ethiopia. This zone is bordered on the south and east by Awsi Rasu, on the southwest by the Amhara Region, on the northwest by the Tigray Region, and on the north by Kilbet Rasu. The administrative center of the Zone is Kaluwan (also named Gulina); the largest town is Dibina.
Afshin Naghouni
Afshin Naghouni is an Iranian-British visual artist, known for his controversial, larger-than-life paintings. From a critique about Naghouni’s paintings around the turn of the century: he works in an expressive and cubist style that explores every aspect of each object in his compositions, simultaneously.

Federation of British Artists
The Federation of British Artists (FBA) consists of nine art societies, and is based at Mall Galleries in London where the societies' Annual Exhibitions are held. The societies represent living artists working in the United Kingdom who create contemporary figurative art. Mall Galleries aim to 'promote, inspire and educate audiences about the visual arts.'
Gremmeniella
Gremmeniella is a genus of fungi in the family Helotiaceae. The genus contains at least 3 species.

The genus name of Gremmeniella is in honour of J. Gremmen (fl. 1953) a Dutch botaniker (Mycology), plant pathologist, from the Forest Research
Station T.N.O. in Wageningen.

The genus was circumscribed by Michel Morele in Bull. Soc. Sci. Nat. Archéol. Toulon & Var vol.183 on page 9 in 1969.

Gremmeniella abietina is a plant pathogen that causes scleroderris canker.

Wageningen
Wageningen (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈʋaːɣənɪŋə(n)] ⓘ) is a municipality and a historic city in the central Netherlands, in the province of Gelderland. It is famous for Wageningen University, which specialises in life sciences. The municipality had a population of 39,635 in 2021, of which many thousands are students from over 150 countries.
Aynurbimakhi
Aynurbimakhi (Russian: Айнурбимахи; Dargwa: ГӀяйнурбимахьи) is a rural locality (a selo) in Nizhnemulebkinsky Selsoviet, Sergokalinsky District, Republic of Dagestan, Russia. Population:  290 (2010 Census); 288 (2002 Census); 218 (1989 Soviet census). There is 1 street.

Sergokalinsky District
Sergokalinsky District (Russian: Сергокали́нский райо́н; Dargwa: Сергокъала къатI) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the forty-one in the Republic of Dagestan, Russia. It is located in the east of the republic. The area of the district is 528.4 square kilometers (204.0 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Sergokala. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 27,133, with the population of Sergokala accounting for 30.0% of that number.
William Charles Windeyer
Sir William Charles Windeyer (29 September 1834 – 11 September 1897) was an Australian politician and judge.

As a New South Wales politician he was responsible for the creation of Belmore Park (north of the new Central railway constructed in 1874 in Haymarket), Lang Park (in Church Hill, between York, Lang and Grosvenor Streets in the city), Observatory Park (on Flagstaff Hill in the west Rocks) and Cromwell Park at the head of Long Bay, Malabar and parks on Clark, Rodd, and Snapper Islands.  He was also the author of the New South Wales Patents Act and the Married Women's Property Act of 1879.

Haymarket, New South Wales
Haymarket is an inner city suburb of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. It is located at the southern end of the Sydney central business district in the local government area of the City of Sydney. Haymarket includes much of Sydney's Chinatown, Thaitown and Railway Square localities. Haymarket is adjacent to Darling Harbour and is surrounded by the suburbs of Ultimo, Chippendale, Surry Hills and the Sydney CBD.
Sredny Stog culture
The Sredny Stog culture (Russian: Среднесто́говская культу́ра, romanized: Srednestogovskaja kul'tura, Ukrainian: Середньостогівська культура, romanized: Serednjostohivsjka kuljtura) or Serednii Stih culture is a pre-Kurgan archaeological culture from the mid. 5th – mid. 4th millennia BC. It is named after the Dnieper river islet of today's Serednii Stih (Ukrainian: Середній Стіг; Russian: Средний Стог, romanized: Sredny Stog), Ukraine, where it was first located.

Haplogroup I-M438
Haplogroup I-M438, also known as I2 (ISOGG 2019), is a human DNA Y-chromosome haplogroup, a subclade of haplogroup I-M170. Haplogroup I-M438 originated some time around 26,000–31,000 BCE. It originated in Europe and developed into several main subgroups: I2-M438*, I2a-L460, I2b-L415 and I2c-L596. The haplogroup can be found all over Europe and reaches its maximum frequency in the Dinaric Alps (Balkans) via founder effect, related to the migrations of the Early Slavs to the Balkan peninsula.

The oldest example so far found is that of Hohle Fels (49) from Germany, being at least 14,200 years old.
Georges Kachaamy
Georges Kachaamy (born June 27, 1978) is the current director of research, innovation, and design center at the American University in Dubai (AUD). He is an associate professor of architecture, architect, artist, scholar, and a philosopher. He has served as the chairperson of the department of architecture at AUD’s school of architecture, art, and design under which the architecture program has received the National Architectural Accrediting Board (NAAB) accreditation. In 2013 he served on the board of the American Institute of Architects (AIA) Middle East Chapter as the director of continuing education. His ongoing research that covers architecture and technologies, deals specifically with gravity defiant architecture (GDA) and has received the attention of many media outlets such as CNN, the Middle East Broadcast Center (MBC1), Sky News Arabia, MTV (Lebanon), Future TV, ArchDaily, and Middle East Architect magazine.

Future TV
Future Television (Arabic: تلفزيون المستقبل, Televizyon al-Mustaqbal) is a Lebanese free-to-air television station founded in 1993 by the Future Movement leader Rafic Hariri, a former Prime Minister of Lebanon. Future TV was also available via satellite in the Arab world, United Kingdom, European Union, United States, Canada, and Australia, but is currently broadcast on a frequency of the Lebanese satellite service provider Cablevision. Politically, the channel supported the views of the Future Movement. The channel also had a sister channel, Future News, which remains defunct.
Matheran
Matheran is a partially automobile free hill station and a municipal council in the Karjat taluka of the Raigad district located in the Indian state of Maharashtra. Matheran is part of the Mumbai Metropolitan Region, and one of the smallest hill stations in India. It is located in the Western Ghats, at an elevation of around 800 m (2,625 feet) above sea level. It is about 90 km from Mumbai, and 120 km from Pune. This proximity to these urban areas makes it a weekend getaway for many. Matheran, which means "forest on the forehead" (of the mountains) in Marathi, is an eco-sensitive region as declared by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Government of India.

There are many hotels and Parsi bungalows in the area. British colonial architecture is preserved in Matheran. The roads are made of red laterite earth.

Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) is an Indian government ministry. The ministry portfolio is currently held by Bhupender Yadav.

The ministry is responsible for planning, promoting, coordinating, and overseeing the implementation of environmental and forestry programmes in the country. The main activities undertaken by the ministry include conservation and survey of the flora of India and fauna of India, forests and other wilderness areas; prevention and control of pollution; Indian Himalayan Environment and its sustainable development; afforestation, and land degradation mitigation. It is responsible for the administration of the national parks of India.

The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change is the cadre controlling authority of the Indian Forest Service (IFS), one of the three All India Services.
Coleophora svenssoni
Coleophora svenssoni is a moth of the family Coleophoridae. It is found in Lapland, the Alps and the Carpathian Mountains.

The larvae feed on Astragalus alpinus, Astragalus frigidus, Hedysarum hedysaroides and Oxytropis halleri.

Astragalus alpinus
Astragalus alpinus is a species of flowering plant in the legume family known by the common name alpine milkvetch. It has a circumpolar distribution, occurring throughout the upper latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere.
Minami-Iwakuni Station
Minami-Iwakuni Station (南岩国駅, Minami-Iwakuni-eki) is a passenger railway station located in the city of  Iwakuni, Yamaguchi Prefecture,  Japan. It is operated by the West Japan Railway Company (JR West).

Yamaguchi Prefecture
Yamaguchi Prefecture (山口県, Yamaguchi-ken) is a prefecture of Japan located in the Chūgoku region of Honshu. Yamaguchi Prefecture has a population of 1,377,631 (1 February 2018) and has a geographic area of 6,112 km2 (2,359 sq mi). Yamaguchi Prefecture borders Shimane Prefecture to the north and Hiroshima Prefecture to the northeast.

Yamaguchi is the capital and Shimonoseki is the largest city of Yamaguchi Prefecture, with other major cities including Ube, Shūnan, and Iwakuni. Yamaguchi Prefecture is located at the western tip of Honshu with coastlines on the Sea of Japan and Seto Inland Sea, and separated from the island of Kyushu by the Kanmon Straits.
Elizabeth Weir McLachlan
Elizabeth Weir McLachlan (1846 - June 11, 1936) was a Scottish-born Canadian temperance reformer. For eighteen years, she was recording secretary of the Dominion Woman's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU). She also served as editor of the White Ribbon leaflet, the monthly official organ of the Quebec Provincial Union.

Flyer (pamphlet)
A flyer (or flier) is a form of paper advertisement intended for wide distribution and typically posted or distributed in a public place, handed out to individuals or sent through the mail. Today, flyers range from inexpensively photocopied leaflets to expensive, glossy, full-color circulars. Flyers in a digital format can be shared on the internet.
Andrew Woodhouse
Andrew Henry Woodhouse DSC (30 January 1923 – 15 December 2019) was a British Anglican priest. He was the Archdeacon of Ludlow from 1970 to 1982; and Archdeacon of Hereford from 1982 to 1991.

Woodhouse was educated at Lancing College and The Queen's College, Oxford. His time at Oxford was divided by wartime service with the RNVR. He was ordained in 1951 after of studying at Lincoln Theological College. After a curacy at All Saints' Poplar he was vicar of St Martin's West Drayton from 1956 to 1970, Rural Dean of Hillingdon from  1967 to 1970, rector of Wistanstow from 1970 to 1982 and a canon residentiary at Hereford Cathedral from 1982 to 1991.

Wistanstow
Wistanstow is a village and parish in Shropshire, England. Wistanstow is located about 5 miles (8.0 km) south of Church Stretton and 8+1⁄2 miles (13.7 km) north of Ludlow. It is about 2 miles (3.2 km) north of Craven Arms. It is just off the main Shrewsbury-Hereford road, the A49. The large parish, of 5,231 acres (8.2 sq mi; 2,100 ha), includes a number of other small settlements: Woolston, Upper Affcot, Cwm Head, Bushmoor, Strefford, Whittingslow, Felhampton and Cheney Longville, and a population of 724 was recorded in the 2001 census, increasing to 812 at the 2011 Census.

The River Onny flows through the parish, southwest of the village, also Leamoor Common and Wettles are to the north of the village.
Kirklees Valley Local Nature Reserve
Kirklees Valley Local Nature Reserve is a nature reserve in the Metropolitan Borough of Bury, that stretches from Greenmount in the north, Bury in the south, and Tottington in the west. It was declared a nature reserve in October 2010 under the 1949 National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act.

The nature reserve contains numerous footpaths, lodges and landmarks, as well as farmland and historic mill sites.

Greenmount, Greater Manchester
Greenmount is a village in Tottington in the West Pennine Moors, in the northern part of the Metropolitan Borough of Bury, in Greater Manchester, England.

Historically a part of Lancashire, Greenmount is 13 miles (21 km) north of Manchester, 1 mile (2 km) to the northeast of Tottington, and 2 miles (3 km) south of Ramsbottom.
San Antonio, Misiones
San Antonio is a city in the north-eastern region of Misiones Province, Argentina, and the capital of the General Manuel Belgrano Department. It lies on the Brazilian border at 26°3′S 53°43′W﻿ / ﻿26.050°S 53.717°W﻿ / -26.050; -53.717.  Its population was 3,665 at the 2010 census (INDEC).

The municipality contains part of the 84,000 hectares (210,000 acres) Urugua-í Provincial Park, created in 1990.

Misiones Province
Misiones (Spanish pronunciation: [miˈsjones], Missions) is one of the 23 provinces of Argentina, located in the northeastern corner of the country in the Mesopotamia region. It is surrounded by Paraguay to the northwest, Brazil to the north, east and south, and Corrientes Province of Argentina to the southwest.

This was an early area of Roman Catholic missionary activity by the Jesuits in what was then called the province of Paraguay, beginning in the early 17th century. In 1984, the ruins of four mission sites in Argentina were designated World Heritage Sites by UNESCO.
Richard Sprenger
Richard Sprenger is a food safety expert and author of a number of books and many interactive training presentations on the topic of food safety and hygiene. His commentary on food safety has featured in media in the Middle East such as The National and the Khaleej Times. He contributes regularly at such events as the Dubai International Food Safety Conferences, which are held annually across that Middle East and also speaks at events such as the annual Food Chain Conferences in Doha.

The National (Abu Dhabi)
The National is a UAE state-owned English-language daily newspaper published in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.

According to the Financial Times, the newspaper "is seen as a mouthpiece for Abu Dhabi's worldview." The newspaper toes the government line and self-censors on issues considered objectionable by the government. The newspaper is owned by Sheikh Mansour bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Vice President of the United Arab Emirates, which is ruled by his brother, Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan.
Andrews Street Bridge
Andrews Street Bridge is a historic stone arch bridge located at Rochester in Monroe County, New York. It was designed by city engineer J. Y. McClintock, constructed in 1893, and spans the Genesee River.  It has seven segmental arches with spans of 36 feet and rises of nine feet.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.

Arch bridge
An arch bridge is a bridge with abutments at each end shaped as a curved arch. Arch bridges work by transferring the weight of the bridge and its loads partially into a horizontal thrust restrained by the abutments at either side, and partially into a vertical load on the arch supports. A viaduct (a long bridge) may be made from a series of arches, although other more economical structures are typically used today.
Chip fork
A chip fork is a small fork made from wood or plastic that is given away by fast food suppliers with portions of fish and chips, french fries, currywurst, and similar, and used when eating. Chip forks are specially designed to keep eaters' fingers clean of grease, sauces, mayonnaise, and other, while at the same time being cheap enough to be thrown away after use. Thus they spare suppliers the cost and labour of collecting and cleaning traditional forks. This fits well with the image of fast food as kinds of products to be taken away and being consumed elsewhere.

The usual design of chip forks has either two or three tines at one end. Their length is somewhere between 7½ and 9 cm, their width between 1 and 1½ cm at the widest place.

Today, these forks have completely replaced an earlier version of chip forks from the BeNeLux area which had to be cleaned and reused. Whether the throw-away version was first used in Berlin, Germany, or the Netherlands is disputed.

Mayonnaise
Mayonnaise (/ˌmeɪəˈneɪz/), colloquially referred to as "mayo" (/ˈmeɪoʊ/), is a thick, creamy sauce with a rich and tangy taste that is commonly used on sandwiches, hamburgers, bound salads, and French fries. It also forms the base for various other sauces, such as tartar sauce, fry sauce, remoulade, salsa golf, ranch dressing, and rouille.

Mayonnaise is an emulsion of oil, egg yolk, and an acid, either vinegar or lemon juice; there are many variants using additional flavorings. The color varies from near-white to pale yellow, and its texture from a light cream to a thick gel.

Commercial eggless versions are made for those who avoid chicken eggs because of egg allergies, to limit dietary cholesterol, or because they adhere to a vegetarian or vegan diet.
1858 City of Adelaide colonial by-election
The 1858 City of Adelaide colonial by-election was held on 16 September 1858 to elect one of six members for City of Adelaide in the South Australian House of Assembly, after sitting member Robert Richard Torrens resigned on 1 July 1858. The by-election was held the same day as the Mount Barker by-election.

Judah Moss Solomon won the by-election with 73 per cent of the vote.

Electoral district of City of Adelaide
City of Adelaide was an electoral district of the South Australian House of Assembly, the lower house of the bicameral legislature of the then colony of South Australia.

City of Adelaide was one of the original districts of the first Assembly created in 1857; it was abolished in 1862, when the new 
East Adelaide and  West Adelaide districts were created, each with two members.
Mount Obruchev
Mount Obruchev (68°54′S 154°10′E﻿ / ﻿68.900°S 154.167°E﻿ / -68.900; 154.167) is a mountain 15 nautical miles (28 km) east-southeast of Scar Bluffs, near the base of Mawson Peninsula. Mapped by the Soviet Antarctic Expedition, 1958, and named for Soviet geologist Vladimir Obruchev.

Scar Bluffs
Scar Bluffs is a three black, rectangular, steep-sided rock outcrops 27 nautical miles (50 km; 31 mi) south of Cape Hudson, Mawson Peninsula. Photographed by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump, 1946–47, the Soviet Antarctic Expedition, 1958, and ANARE (Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions), 1959. Named by Antarctic Names Committee of Australia (ANCA) after the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR) of the International Council of Scientific Unions.
Belœil, Belgium
Belœil (French pronunciation: [bɛlœj] ⓘ; Picard: Baileul; Walloon: Beleul) is a municipality of Wallonia located in the province of Hainaut, Belgium.

It is around 10 km south of Ath. On 1 January 2024 the municipality had 14,244 inhabitants. The total area is 62.26 km2, giving a population density of 229 inhabitants per km2.

The municipality is named after the château of Belœil, once the seat of Charles-Joseph, 7th Prince of Ligne, a military officer and man of letters who corresponded with Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Voltaire.

Charles-Joseph, 7th Prince of Ligne
Charles-Joseph Lamoral, 7th Prince de Ligne in French; in German Karl-Joseph Lamoral 7. Fürst von Ligne (also known as Karl Fürst von Ligne or Fürst de Ligne): (23 May 1735 – 13 December 1814) was a field marshal, inhaber of an infantry regiment, prolific writer, intellectual, member of the princely family of Ligne. He fought as a field officer during several famous battles during the Seven Years' War and briefly returned to military duty in the War of the Bavarian Succession. He performed an important diplomatic mission to Catherine the Great in 1787 and led troops against the Turks at Belgrade in 1789. Beginning in the 1770s, he authored an impressive volume of work. After his estates in the Austrian Netherlands were lost to France during the War of the First Coalition, he lived in Vienna. All three of his sons died before him, but his wife and four daughters all outlived him. His grandson, the 8th Prince, became a Belgian statesman.
Knowltonia capensis
Knowltonia capensis (Brandblare) is an attractive, shade-loving plant of the family Ranunculaceae, that is indigenous to the Cape and Kwazulu-Natal regions of South Africa.

The centre of this plant's natural distribution is the Eastern Cape, where it is also most common. However, it can be found to the east in Natal, and as far west as Cape Town, where the plant's western relative Knowltonia vesicatoria is more common. Throughout this area, it grows under trees and in other shady spots, especially in dense afro-montane forest.

Like its close relative, Knowltonia vesicatoria, this plant is also ideal for ornamental cultivation in shady gardens. It is tough and attractive, and does well in dense clumps or growing around the base of a tree. It can easily be propagated from seed, and larger plants can be sub-divided.

Afromontane
The Afromontane regions are subregions of the Afrotropical realm, one of the Earth's eight biogeographic realms, covering the plant and animal species found in the mountains of Africa and the southern Arabian Peninsula. The Afromontane regions of Africa are discontinuous, separated from each other by lower-lying areas, and are sometimes referred to as the Afromontane archipelago, as their distribution is analogous to a series of sky islands.