hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Marsanz FS
Club Marsanz Fútbol Sala was a futsal club based in Torrejón de Ardoz, Community of Madrid. Marsanz Torrejón was one of the most important futsal clubs from Spain.

The club was founded in 1980 and its stadium was the ground Joaquín Blume with capacity of 4,000 seats.

The club was founded by the Marsanz company.

The club was also known as Pennzoil Marsanz from 1991 to 1993 thanks the sponsorship of Pennzoil.

Primera División de Futsal
The Primera División is the premier professional futsal league in Spain. It was founded in 1989 with the name of División de Honor. Administered by Liga Nacional de Fútbol Sala, it is contested by 16 teams and is played under UEFA rules.

The Liga Nacional de Futsal includes:

Primera División de Futsal — 1st level.

Segunda División — 2nd level.
Emerson USA
Emerson USA Inc., California's Flag and Banner Company is a California based flag manufacturer. The company is one of San Francisco's only textile manufacturers. Emerson Flag is the oldest flag company in the city of San Francisco and the second oldest in the nation.

Flag
A flag is a piece of fabric (most often rectangular) with distinctive colours and design, often flown from a pole and used for symbolic, signalling, or decorative purposes. The term flag is also used to refer to the graphic design employed on such pieces of fabric. The study of flags is known as "vexillology" from the Latin vexillum, meaning "flag" or "banner".

The first flags were used to aid military coordination on the battlefield, and flags have since evolved into a common tool for basic signalling and identification, especially in environments where communication is challenging (such as maritime environments where semaphore is used). The national flag is a common patriotic symbol of a country, and many national or other flags may be assigned to flag families based on similarities in their designs that demonstrate a shared history, culture, or influence. Flags are also used in messages, advertising, or for other decorative purposes.
El Gran Show season 2
Season two of El Gran Show premiered on August 14, 2010, on the América Televisión network.

On October 30, 2010, Belén Estévez and Gian Frank Navarro were crowned champions, representing the city of Lima and whose dream was to treat Gian Frank's 4-year-old nephew who suffers from viral encephalitis, a disease that has him prostrate with scoliosis, blindness and seizures. Karen Dejo and Edward Mávila finished second, while Miguel "Conejo" Rebosio and Fabianne Hayashida finished third.

Salsa (dance)
Salsa is the name for Latin American dances that are danced to salsa music. Salsa is one of the most popular types of Latin dance that is practiced worldwide, and is typically danced with a partner, although there are elements of solo footwork as well. There are several distinct styles of salsa that are danced around the world.
National Garden Clubs
National Garden Clubs, Inc. is a nonprofit 501(c)(3) organization headquartered in St. Louis, Missouri. It consists of dozens of local branches, in nearly every state in the US and has about 190,000 members as of 2021. Its stated mission is "to promote the love of gardening, floral design, and civic and environmental responsibility." The first local branch met in Athens, Georgia, in 1891, and the National Garden Clubs organization was formed in 1929, by which point there were branches in 19 states. The NGC organizes community gardening projects, provides educational programs, and produces a quarterly publication, the National Gardener. It also offers college scholarships and grants for youth clubs planting pollinator gardens. They have published The Handbook for Flower Shows and Designing By Type. Brenda Moore, of West Virginia, was installed as the president of the organization in 2023.

Floral design
Floral design or flower arrangement is the art of using plant material and flowers to create an eye-catching and balanced composition or display. Evidence of refined floral design is found as far back as the culture of ancient Egypt. Floral designs, called arrangements, incorporate the five elements and seven principles of floral design.

Floral design is considered a section of floristry. But floral design pertains only to the design and creation of arrangements. It does not include the marketing, merchandising, caring of, growing of, or delivery of flowers.

Common flower arrangements in floral design include vase arrangements, wreaths, nosegays, garlands, festoons, boutonnieres, corsages, and bouquets.
Corps Léger d'Intervention
The Corps Léger d'Intervention (CLI) (French for "light intervention corps") was a Pacific War interarm corps of the Far East French Expeditionary Forces commanded by Général de corps d'armée Roger Blaizot that used guerrilla warfare against the Imperial Japanese Army that had occupied French Indochina since 1941. It was created by General Charles de Gaulle in 1943 and modeled after the British Chindits Special Forces who fought in the Burma Campaign.

Army corps general
An army corps general or corps general is a rank held by a general officer who commands an army corps. The rank originates from the French Revolutionary System, and is used by a number of countries. Normally, the rank is above the divisional general and below the army general, so it usually corresponds to the lieutenant general. However, in some countries such as Spain, Brazil, and Peru, the rank of army corps general is not used, in Spain the rank of army corps general is replaced by the rank of lieutenant general, while in some countries such as Brazil and Peru, the rank of army general is immediately above that of divisional general.
Adrien Lemaire
Adrien Lemaire (23 October 1852, in Senones – 23 October 1902, in Nancy) was a French botanist.

He received his medical doctorate in March 1882 and his degree in natural sciences in July 1886. In 1887 he became a professor of natural history at the Lycée in Nancy, and in 1894 was appointed chargé de conférences of botany at the University of Nancy. Lemaire was a member of the Société botanique de France.

Senones, Vosges
Senones (French pronunciation: [sənɔn] ⓘ) is a commune in the Vosges department in Grand Est in northeastern France. It is the location of the former Senones Abbey, founded around 640. The belltower of the abbey church dates from the 12th century, most of the other surviving buildings date from the 18th and 19th century.

Until 1793, Senones was the capital of the Principality of Salm-Salm. The journalist and writer Pierre Humbourg (1901–1969), winner of the 1948 Prix Cazes, was born in Senones.
Majma-ul-Bahrain
Majma-ul-Bahrain (Persian: مجمع البحرین, "The Confluence of the Two Seas" or "The Mingling of the Two Oceans") is a Sufi text on comparative religion authored by Mughal Shahzada Dara Shukoh as a short treatise in Persian, c. 1655. It was devoted to a revelation of the mystical and pluralistic affinities between Sufic and Vedantic speculation. It was one of the earliest works to explore both the diversity of religions and a unity of Islam and Hinduism and other religions. Its Hindi version is called Samudra Sangam Grantha and an Urdu translation titled Nūr-i-Ain was lithographed in 1872.

Shah
Shāh (/ʃɑː/; Persian: شاه [ˈʃaːɦ] ⓘ) is a royal title meaning 'king' in Persian. Though chiefly associated with the monarchs of Iran, it was also used to refer to the leaders of numerous Persianate societies, such as the Ottoman Empire, the Khanate of Bukhara and the Emirate of Bukhara, the Mughal Empire, the Bengal Sultanate, and various Afghan dynasties, as well as among Gurkhas. With regard to Iranian history, in particular, each ruling monarch was not seen simply as the head of the concurrent dynasty and state, but as the successor to a long line of royalty beginning with the original Persian Empire of Cyrus the Great. To this end, he was more emphatically known as the Shāhanshāh (شاهنشاه, šāhanšāh, 'king of kings' [ˌʃaːhanˈʃaːɦ]), since the Achaemenid dynasty. A roughly equivalent title is Pādishāh (پادشاه, pādišāh, pādšāh, 'master king'), which was most widespread during the Muslim period in the Indian subcontinent.
Piyalepaşa, Beyoğlu
Piyalepaşa is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Beyoğlu, Istanbul Province, Turkey. Its population is 21,265 (2022). It is on the European Side of Istanbul. The bordering quarters are Kaptanpaşa to the south, Fetihtepe to the west, Mahmutşevketpaşa, which remains in the district of Şişli, to the east, and Mehmet Akif Ersoy, which remains in the district of Kağıthane, to the north.
After Piyalepaşa was declared as a "risk area", the urban transformation project was initiated in the neighborhood.

Mehmet Akif Ersoy
Mehmet Akif Ersoy  (20 December 1873 – 27 December 1936) was a Turkish poet, writer, academic, politician, and the author of the Turkish National Anthem. Widely regarded as one of the premiere literary minds of his time, Ersoy is noted for his command of the Turkish language, as well as his patriotism and role in the Turkish War of Independence.

A framed version of the national anthem by Ersoy typically occupies the wall above the blackboard in the classrooms of every public as well as most private schools around Turkey, along with a Turkish flag, a photograph of the country's founding father Atatürk, and a copy of Atatürk's speech to the nation's youth.
Gorreto
Gorreto (Ligurian and Bobbiese: O Gorrëio) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Genoa in the Italian region Liguria, located about 35 kilometres (22 mi) northeast of Genoa.

Gorreto borders the following municipalities: Carrega Ligure, Fascia, Ottone, Rovegno.

Metropolitan City of Genoa
The Metropolitan City of Genoa (Italian: città metropolitana di Genova) is a metropolitan city in the region of Liguria in northern Italy. Its capital is the city of Genoa. It replaced the province of Genoa in 2015. It has 67 municipalities (comuni) in an area of 1,833.79 square kilometres (708.03 sq mi) and a total population of about 818,651 as of 2025.
Lost in the Funhouse
Lost in the Funhouse (1968) is a short story collection by American author John Barth. The postmodern stories are extremely self-conscious and self-reflexive, and are considered to exemplify metafiction.

Though Barth's reputation rests mainly on his long novels, the stories "Night-Sea Journey", "Lost in the Funhouse", "Title" and "Life-Story" from Lost in the Funhouse are widely anthologized. The book appeared the year after the publication of his essay The Literature of Exhaustion, in which Barth said that the traditional modes of realistic fiction had been used up, but that this exhaustion itself could be used to inspire a new generation of writers, citing Nabokov, Beckett, and especially Borges as exemplars of this new approach. Lost in the Funhouse took these ideas to an extreme, for which it was both praised and condemned by critics.

Joseph Natoli
Joseph Phillip Natoli (born 1943) is an American academic. He has written on postmodernism, and from 1991 until 2009 was editor of  the Postmodern Culture series published by the State University of New York Press. He is a member of the Truthout Public Intellectual Project, founded by Henry Giroux, and is on the editorial team of Bad Subjects.
Distance model
In music a distance model is the alternation of two different intervals to create a non-diatonic musical mode such as the 1:3 distance model, the alternation of semitones and minor thirds: C-E♭-E-G-A♭-B-C.  This scale is also an example of polymodal chromaticism as it includes both the tonic and dominant as well as "'two of the most typical degrees from both major and minor' (E and B, E♭ and A♭, respectively) ([Kárpáti 1975] p.132)".

The most common distance model is the 1:2, also known as the octatonic scale (set type 8-28), followed by 1:3 and 1:5, also known as set type 4-9, which is a subset of the 1:2 model. Set type 4-9 has also been referred to as a "Z-Cell."

Octatonic scale
An octatonic scale is any eight-note musical scale. However, the term most often refers to the ancohemitonic symmetric scale composed of alternating whole and half steps, as shown in the accompanying image. In classical theory (in contrast to jazz theory), this symmetrical scale is commonly called the octatonic scale (or the octatonic collection), although there are a total of 43 enharmonically inequivalent, transpositionally inequivalent eight-note sets.

The earliest systematic treatment of the octatonic scale was in Edmond de Polignac's unpublished treatise "Étude sur les successions alternantes de tons et demi-tons (Et sur la gamme dite majeure-mineure)" (Study of the Succession of Alternating Whole Tones and Semitones (and of the so-called Major-Minor Scale)) from c. 1879, which preceded Vito Frazzi's Scale alternate per pianoforte of 1930 by 50 years.
Battle of Marj Marina (657)
The Battle of Marj Marina was fought in 657 CE during the First Fitna between the Iraqi Arab forces of the fourth Rashidun caliph Ali ibn Abi Talib and the Syrian Arab forces of the rebelling long-time governor of the Levant, Mu'awiya ibn Abi Sufyan, for control of the region of Al-Jazira. The dispute escalated into a military confrontation, which resulted in both forces being forced to retreat.

Rashidun
The Rashidun (Arabic: الراشدون, romanized: al-Rāshidūn, lit. 'the rightly-guided') are the first four caliphs (lit. 'successors') who led the Muslim community following the death of Muhammad: Abu Bakr (r. 632–634), Umar (r. 634–644), Uthman (r. 644–656), and Ali (r. 656–661).

The reign of these caliphs, called the Rashidun Caliphate (632–661), is considered in Sunni Islam to have been 'rightly guided' (Arabic: rāshid), meaning that it constitutes a model (Sunnah) to be followed and emulated from a religious point of view.
Crimplene
Crimplene is a texturised continuous fibre launched in 1959, produced by modifying Terylene. The patent was taken out by Mario Nava of Chesline and Crepes Ltd of Macclesfield, and sold to ICI Fibres. ICI licensed the product to various throwsters. The largest producer was William Tatton of Leek, and the Golborne factory was at one time capable of taking the entire output of ICI's Wilton production of Terylene.

Although it was highly profitable in the 1960s, the market collapsed in the 1970s, with ICI taking control of Tattons and Qualitex to form Intex Yarns. Production was dramatically reduced, and ICI sold Intex at a later stage with it closing completely some time later. Unifi bought Intex Yarns in 2000, taking over the former ICI plant.

Leek, Staffordshire
Leek is a market town and civil parish in the Staffordshire Moorlands district of the county of Staffordshire, England. The town lies on the River Churnet, 10 miles (16 km) north east of Stoke-on-Trent. In 2021 it had a population of 19,385.

Leek is an ancient borough and was granted its royal charter in 1214. It is the administrative centre for the Staffordshire Moorlands District Council. King John granted Ranulf de Blondeville, 6th Earl of Chester, the right to hold a weekly Wednesday market and an annual seven-day fair in Leek in 1207.

Leek's coat of arms is a saltire shield. On the top is the Stafford knot, either side is the Leek double sunset and below a gold garb. The crest is a mural crown with three mulberry leaves on a mount of heather on top of which a moorcock is resting his claw on a small-weave shuttle. The motto Arte favente nil desperandum translates to: Our skill assisting us, we have no cause for despair.
Prince Kadobe
Prince Kadobe (?-745) was the grandson of Prince Naga and the great-grandson of Emperor Temmu. In 739, he lost his royal status because the Emperor wanted to thin the royal ranks. Kadobe received the title Ōhara no Mahito. He served in various governorships, including the Governor of Izumo, until he became the Minister of the Treasury. Five of his tankas have been preserved in the Man'yōshū.

Waka (poetry)
Waka (和歌; 'Japanese poem') is a type of poetry in classical Japanese literature. Although waka in modern Japanese is written as 和歌, in the past it was also written as 倭歌 (see Wa, an old name for Japan), and a variant name is yamato-uta (大和歌).
Marius Oprea
Marius Oprea (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈmari.us ˈopre̯a]; born 1964) is a Romanian historian (specialized in recent history), poet and essayist.

Born in Târgovişte, he studied history at the University of Bucharest and he has a PhD with a thesis on the role and evolution of the Communist-era secret police, the Securitate between 1948 and 1964 (Rolul şi evoluţia Securităţii, 1948-1964). Oprea currently works as a journalist and researcher at the Romanian Institute of Recent History (IRIR).  He also serves as the president of the Institute for the Investigation of Communist Crimes in Romania.

He made his debut as a poet in the collective volume Pauza de respiraţie ("Pause for Breathing"), together with Simona Popescu, Caius Dobrescu, and Andrei Bodiu.

Marius Oprea lives with his family in Braşov.

Târgoviște
Târgoviște (Romanian pronunciation: [tɨrˈɡoviʃte], alternatively spelled Tîrgoviște) is a city and county seat in Dâmbovița County, Romania. It is situated 80 kilometres (50 miles) north-west of Bucharest, on the right bank of the Ialomița River.

Târgoviște was one of the most important cities in the history of Wallachia, as it was its capital from 1418 to 1659. At the 2021 census, the city had a population of 66,965 people, making it the 27th largest in the country.
William Jackson (curler)
William Kilgour Jackson (14 March 1871 in Lamington, South Lanarkshire – 26 January 1955 in Symington) was a Scottish curler. He was the skip of the Royal Caledonian Curling Club team which won the first Olympic Gold medal in curling at the inaugural Winter Olympics in Chamonix, France, in 1924.

Jackson ran his family's farm in Symington. He was one of the top skips in Scotland at the time. He served as vice president of the Royal Club in 1922–23 and 1931–32 and served as president from 1933–34.

He was the father of fellow gold-medallist Laurence Jackson.

Chamonix
Chamonix-Mont-Blanc (French pronunciation: [ʃamɔni mɔ̃ blɑ̃]; Arpitan: Chamôni-Mont-Blanc), more commonly known simply as Chamonix (Chamôni), is a commune in the Haute-Savoie department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in Southeastern France. It was the site of the first Winter Olympics, held in 1924.

Chamonix is situated in the French Alps just north of Mont Blanc, the highest mountain in Western Europe. Between the peaks of the Aiguilles Rouges and the notable Aiguille du Midi, it borders both Switzerland and Italy. It is one of the oldest ski resorts in France, popular with alpinists and mountain enthusiasts. Via the cable car lift to the Aiguille du Midi it is possible to access the off-piste ski run of the Vallée Blanche ('white valley').
Urceolina candida
Urceolina candida is a species of flowering plant in the family Amaryllidaceae. It is native to Colombia, Ecuador and Peru but cultivated as an ornamental in many other regions.

This plant is a bulb-forming her with broadly lanceolate to elliptical leaves, pleated lengthwise. Flowers are drooping, borne in umbels. Tepals are white, egg-shaped, and curl backwards to reveal the yellow anthers.

Umbel
In botany, an umbel is an inflorescence that consists of a number of short flower stalks (called pedicels) that spread from a common point, somewhat like umbrella ribs. The word was coined in botanical usage in the 1590s, from Latin umbella "parasol, sunshade". The arrangement can vary from being flat-topped to almost spherical. Umbels can be simple or compound. The secondary umbels of compound umbels are known as umbellules or umbellets. A small umbel is called an umbellule. The arrangement of the inflorescence in umbels is referred to as umbellate, or occasionally subumbellate (almost umbellate).

Umbels are a characteristic of plants such as carrot, parsley, dill, and fennel in the family Apiaceae; ivy, Aralia and Fatsia in the family Araliaceae; and onion (Allium) in the family Alliaceae.

An umbel is a type of indeterminate inflorescence.
A compressed cyme, which is a determinate inflorescence, is called umbelliform if it resembles an umbel.
Timeline of the 2019–2020 Hong Kong protests (June 2020)
The month of June 2020 was the first anniversary of the 2019–2020 Hong Kong protests. The decision taken by the National People's Congress on national security legislation and the alleviation of the COVID-19 pandemic in Hong Kong led to a new series of protests and international responses. On 30 June, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress passed the Hong Kong national security law which came into force the same day, leading to even more people protesting on 1 July.

One country, two systems
"One country, two systems" (1C2S) is a constitutional principle of the People's Republic of China (PRC) describing the governance of the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau.

Deng Xiaoping developed the one country, two systems concept. This constitutional principle was formulated in the early 1980s during negotiations over Hong Kong between China and the United Kingdom. It provided that there would be only one China, but that each region would retain its own economic and administrative system. Under the principle, each of the two regions could continue to have its own governmental system, legal, economic and financial affairs, including trade relations with foreign countries, all of which are independent from those of the mainland. The PRC has also proposed to apply the principle toward unification with Taiwan; however, Taiwan has consistently rejected the proposal.
Painsthorpe Abbey
54°00′54″N 0°45′40″W﻿ / ﻿54.015°N 0.761°W﻿ / 54.015; -0.761

Painsthorpe Abbey was a short-lived monastery of the Anglican Order of St. Benedict. It was established in 1902 at Painsthorpe in the East Riding of Yorkshire by Aelred Carlyle, a friend of Charles Chapman Grafton, Episcopal Bishop of Fond du Lac and an inspiration for Alfred Hope Patten. In 1906 the monks left Yorkshire for Caldey Abbey in Wales. A brick chapel had been added to Painsthorpe Hall which served as the monastery.

Caldey Abbey
Caldey Abbey is an abbey of the Trappists situated on Caldey Island off the coast of Pembrokeshire, Wales, south of Tenby.

Caldey Island thrived as a centre of Cistercian activity in the Middle Ages. The current abbey is modern; it was built in 1910 by Anglican Benedictine monks; they converted to Catholicism and became members of the Trappist Order in 1929. As of 2018, there are about 10 members.
Kennedy's Bush Scenic Reserve
Kennedy's Bush Scenic Reserve is a public conservation reserve in the Port Hills south of Christchurch, New Zealand. It sits above the suburb of Kennedys Bush on the northern side of the hills, just north of Ōrongomai / Cass Peak. The reserve is covered in dense native bush, and at 130 hectares (320 acres) it is the largest remaining patch of native bush on the Port Hills.

Christchurch City Council
The Christchurch City Council (CCC) is the local government authority for Christchurch  in New Zealand. It is a territorial authority elected to represent the 419,200 people of Christchurch. The Mayor of Christchurch is Phil Mauger, who was elected in 2022 and 2025l. The council currently consists of 16  elected Councillors in sixteen wards, and is presided over by the mayor, who is elected at large. The number of elected members and ward boundaries changed prior to the 2016 election.
1st Parachute Hussar Regiment
The 1st Parachute Hussar Regiment (French: 1er Régiment de Hussards Parachutistes, 1er RHP) is an airborne cavalry unit in the French Army, founded in 1720 by Hungarian noble Ladislas Ignace de Bercheny. It is stationed in Tarbes and is a part of the 11th Parachute Brigade.

Panhard ERC
The Panhard ERC (Engin à Roues, Canon; "Wheeled device, cannon") is a French six-wheeled armoured car which is highly mobile and amphibious with an option of being NBC-proof. Two versions of the ERC entered production in large numbers: the ERC-90 Lynx and the ERC-90 Sagaie. The main difference between the two versions is the type of turret and 90 mm gun fitted. Sagaie is French for assegai, a type of African spear.