hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Norbeck-Williamson Act of 1929
Norbeck-Williamson Act of 1929 or Mount Rushmore National Memorial Act of 1929 established the Mount Rushmore National Memorial Commission defining the powers and purpose of the twelve member committee. The Act of Congress authorized the Mount Harney Memorial Association of South Dakota to stone carve models of George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Abraham Lincoln, and Theodore Roosevelt in the Harney National Forest encompassed by the Black Hills National Forest. The granite sculpture was to be created in accordance with the rock relief designs by Gutzon Borglum.

In 1928, the 70th Congressional session members Peter Norbeck and William Williamson formulated the code of law for the Mount Rushmore National Memorial Act. The Senate bill was passed by the United States Congressional session and enacted into law by the 30th President of the United States Calvin Coolidge on February 29, 1929.

Stone carving
Stone carving is an activity where pieces of rough natural stone are shaped by the controlled removal of stone. Owing to the permanence of the material, stone work has survived which was created during our prehistory or past time.

Work carried out by paleolithic societies to create stone tools is more often referred to as knapping. Stone carving that is done to produce lettering is more often referred to as lettering. The process of removing stone from the earth is called mining or quarrying.

Stone carving is one of the processes which may be used by an artist when creating a sculpture. The term also refers to the activity of masons in dressing stone blocks for use in architecture, building or civil engineering. It is also a phrase used by archaeologists, historians, and anthropologists to describe the activity involved in making some types of petroglyphs.
Thunder Road (song)
"Thunder Road" is a song written and recorded by American singer-songwriter Bruce Springsteen. It is the opening track on his breakthrough album Born to Run. While never charting substantially as a single, "Thunder Road" is nevertheless considered one of Springsteen's greatest songs and one of the top rock songs in history. It is ranked number 111 on Rolling Stone's 500 Greatest Songs of All Time list.

Tim Russert
Timothy John Russert (May 7, 1950 – June 13, 2008) was an American television journalist and lawyer who appeared for more than 16 years as the longest-serving moderator of NBC's Meet the Press. He was a senior vice president at NBC News and Washington bureau chief, and also hosted an eponymous CNBC/MSNBC weekend interview program. He was a frequent correspondent and guest on NBC's The Today Show and Hardball. Russert covered several presidential elections, and he presented the NBC News/Wall Street Journal survey on the NBC Nightly News during the 2008 U.S. presidential election. Time magazine included Russert in its list of the 100 most influential people in the world in 2008. Russert was posthumously revealed as a 30-year source for syndicated columnist Robert Novak.
Ole K. Sara
Ole Klemet J. Sara (28 May 1936 – 29 April 2013) was a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party.

He was elected as a deputy representative to the Parliament of Norway from Finnmark in 1969, 1973 and 1977. In total he met during 16 days of parliamentary session. From 1973 to 1979 he served outside of Parliament as a State Secretary in the Ministry of Agriculture and Food, both as a part of Bratteli's Second Cabinet and Nordli's Cabinet.

He chaired the board of the Nordic Council for Reindeer Husbandry Research from 1980 to 1988 (and was then deputy chairman from 1989 to 1997), was a board member of Statens Reindriftsskole from 1981 to 1985 and the Directorate of State Forests from 1985 to 1992, member of the Broadcasting Council from 1990 to 1997 and deputy member of NLVF from 1990 to 1992.

He resided in Alta Municipality. He died in April 2013.

Statskog
Statskog is a Norwegian state-owned enterprise responsible for the management of state-owned forest and mountain real estate totaling approximately 20% of the area of Norway. About 5% of Statskog's land is productive forest while 80% is above the tree line. The company has its headquarters in Namsos.

In southern Norway the operations of productive forestry is conducted by Statskog-Borregaard Skogsdrift AS, a joint venture between Statskog and Borregaard. Across the country Statskog also manages hunting licences and allows for travel and tourism in nature.
Ian Groenewald
John Adriaan 'Ian' Groenewald (born (1992-11-07)7 November 1992) is a South African rugby union player for Griquas in the Currie Cup and the Rugby Challenge. His regular position is lock.

He made his Currie Cup debut for Griquas in July 2019, starting their opening match of the 2019 season against the Sharks at lock.

2019 Currie Cup Premier Division
The 2019 Currie Cup Premier Division was the 81st edition of the top tier of the Currie Cup, the premier domestic rugby union competition in South Africa. DirectAxis Financial Services was the tournament sponsor. It was organised by the South African Rugby Union and ran from 12 July to 7 September 2019.

The competition was won by the Free State Cheetahs, who beat the Golden Lions 31–28 in the final played on 7 September 2019.
2019 Kentucky Bank Tennis Championships – Women's doubles
Hayley Carter and Ena Shibahara were the defending champions, but chose not to participate.

Robin Anderson and Jessika Ponchet won the title, defeating Ann Li and Jamie Loeb in the final, 7–6(7–4), 6–7(5–7), [10–7].

Ann Li (tennis)
Ann Li (Chinese: 李吉妮; born June 26, 2000) is an American tennis player. She has a career-high singles WTA singles ranking of world No. 33 and a doubles ranking of No. 149, both achieved on 27 October 2025. Li has won two singles titles on the WTA Tour and three titles on the ITF Women's Circuit.

Li was a finalist at the 2017 Wimbledon girls' singles final.
Outline of childhood
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to childhood:

Children – biologically, a child (plural: children) is generally a human between the stages of birth and puberty. Some definitions include the unborn  (termed fetus).  The legal definition of "child" generally refers to a minor, otherwise known as a person younger than the age of majority. "Child" may also describe a relationship with a parent or authority figure, or signify group membership in a clan, tribe, or religion; it can also signify being strongly affected by a specific time, place, or circumstance, as in "a child of nature" or "a child of the Sixties."

Authority
Authority is commonly understood as the legitimate power of a person or group over other people.
In a civil state, authority may be practiced by legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government, each of which has authority and is an authority.
The term "authority" has multiple nuances and distinctions within various academic fields ranging from sociology to political science.

The term authority identifies the political legitimacy, which grants and justifies rulers' right to exercise the power of government; and the term power identifies the ability to accomplish an authorized goal, either by compliance or by obedience; hence, authority is the power to make decisions and the legitimacy to make such legal decisions and order their execution.
Kirov Islands
The Kirov Islands or Sergey Kirov Islands (Russian: Острова Кирова, Ostrova Kirova or  Aрхипелаг Сергея Кирова, Archipelag Sergeya Kirova) is an island group in the Kara Sea, Russian Federation. It is an archipelago of small islands covered with tundra vegetation located about 140 km (87 mi) from the coast of Siberia and 100 km (62 mi) northwest of the Nordenskiöld Archipelago.

The Islands were discovered by the Georgiy Sedov icebreaker ship in 1930 during an expedition led by Otto Yulievich Schmidt and Vladimir Yulievich Wiese.

Tundra
In physical geography, a tundra (/ˈtʌndrə, ˈtʊn-/) is a type of biome where tree growth is hindered by frigid temperatures and short growing seasons. There are three regions and associated types of tundra: Arctic, Alpine, and Antarctic.

Tundra vegetation is composed of dwarf shrubs, sedges, grasses, mosses, and lichens. Scattered trees grow in some tundra regions. The ecotone (or ecological boundary region) between the tundra and the forest is known as the tree line or timberline. The tundra soil is rich in nitrogen and phosphorus. The soil also contains large amounts of biomass and decomposed biomass that has been stored as methane and carbon dioxide in the permafrost, making the tundra soil a carbon sink. As global warming heats the ecosystem and causes soil thawing, the permafrost carbon cycle accelerates and releases much of these soil-contained greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, creating a feedback cycle that contributes to climate change.
Kozelets Raion
Kozelets Raion (Ukrainian: Козелецький район, Kozelets'kyi raion) was one of the 22 administrative raions (a district) of Chernihiv Oblast in northern Ukraine. Its administrative center was located at the urban-type settlement of Kozelets. Its population was 61,636 in the 2001 Ukrainian Census. The raion was abolished on 18 July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Chernihiv Oblast to five. The area of Kozelets Raion was merged into Chernihiv Raion. The last estimate of the raion population was 42,282 (2020 est.)

Chernihiv Oblast
Chernihiv Oblast (Ukrainian: Чернігівська область, romanized: Chernihivska oblast), also referred to as Chernihivshchyna (Ukrainian: Чернігівщина), is an oblast (province) in northern Ukraine. The administrative center of the oblast is the city of Chernihiv. There are 1,511 settlements in the oblast, with a total population of 959,315 (2022 estimate).
Cooper Chemical Company
Cooper Chemical Company is an American chemical manufacturing firm that has operated since 1857. The roots of the company were planted in the Iron Bound section (Clifford and Van Buren Streets) of Newark, New Jersey, by Charles Cooper and Jacob Kleinhans. The company, originally called Charles Cooper & Co., developed chemicals, additives, paints, and other materials for industries in the United States and consumers. The main business office was located on Worth Street near Chatham Square in New York City.

Today Cooper Chemical Company is still in bulk specialty chemical manufacturing. The product line provides material to the United States government and pharmaceutical companies throughout the world.

The Ironbound
The Ironbound is a neighborhood in the city of Newark in Essex County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. It is a large working-class multi-ethnic community, covering about 4 square miles (10 km2).  Historically, the area was called "Dutch Neck", "Down Neck", or simply "the Neck", for its location by a bend of the Passaic River. Part of Newark's East Ward, the Ironbound is  directly east of Newark Penn Station and Downtown Newark, and south and west of the river. The neighborhood is connected by the Jackson Street Bridge over the river to Harrison and Kearny.
David C. Morrow (American football)
David Campsey Morrow (August 27, 1882 – February 27, 1953) was an American football player and coach.  He served as the head football coach at Washington and Jefferson College (1908–1911, 1919–1920, 1924–1925) and at Bethany College in West Virginia (1929), compiling a career college football record of 49–27–5.  He attended Bethany College and graduated from Washington & Jefferson.  He was one of the most widely known coaches in the eastern United States. The New York Times called him "one of the best football coaches in the United States."  He was known for his skill in developing the line.  He spent a total of 20 years at Washington & Jefferson.

Morrow was later the manager of the South Pittsburgh Water Co.  He died at the age of 70, on February 27, 1953, at St. Joseph Hospital in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

Washington & Jefferson College
Washington & Jefferson College (W&J College or W&J) is a private liberal arts college in Washington, Pennsylvania, United States. It traces its origin to three Presbyterian missionaries of the 1780s, John McMillan, Thaddeus Dod, and Joseph Smith, whose early schools evolved into two rival institutions: Washington College in Washington, and Jefferson College in Canonsburg, Pennsylvania. The two colleges merged in 1865 to form Washington & Jefferson College.

The 60-acre (24 ha) Washington & Jefferson College campus has more than 40 buildings, with the oldest dating to 1793. The college enrolled over 1,100 students as of fall 2022. It has a longstanding tradition of literary societies, dating back before the union of the two colleges. Nearly all of the college's students live on campus, and roughly one-third are members of fraternities or sororities. The W&J athletic program competes in NCAA Division III.
HMS Nereide
At least four ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name Nereide, after the Nereid (sea nymph):

HMS Nereide (1797), a 36-gun fifth-rate Sibylle-class frigate, formerly the French frigate Néréide, captured in 1797 by HMS Phoebe off the Scilly Isles. She was recaptured by the French in 1810 during the Battle of Grand Port and broken up after being badly damaged.

HMS Nereide (1810), a 36-gun fifth-rate Junon-class frigate, formerly the French frigate Vénus, captured in 1810 by HMS Boadicea off St. Paul. She was broken up in 1816.

HMS Nereide (1910) was an Acorn-class destroyer launched in 1910 and scrapped in 1920.

HMS Nereide (U64) was a Black Swan-class sloop launched in 1944 and scrapped in 1958.

Nereids
In Greek mythology, the Nereids or Nereides (/ˈnɪəriɪdz/ NEER-ee-idz; Ancient Greek: Νηρηΐδες, romanized: Nērēḯdes; sg. Νηρηΐς, Nērēḯs, also Νημερτές) are sea nymphs (female spirits of sea waters), the 50 daughters of the 'Old Man of the Sea' Nereus and the Oceanid Doris, sisters to their brother Nerites. They often accompany Poseidon, the god of the sea, and can be friendly and helpful to sailors (such as the Argonauts in their search for the Golden Fleece).
Elvīra Ozoliņa
Elvīra Anatoļjevna Ozoliņa (Russian: Эльвира Анатольевна Озолина, born 8 October 1939) is a retired Soviet javelin thrower. In 1960 she won gold medal with an Olympic Record of 55.98 m and was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labour. Between 1960 and 1963 she set three world records. In 1964 she became the first woman to surpass 60 m (61.38 m, at Soviet Championships), but this result was not ratified as a world record by IAAF. In the 1964 Olympic final she fouled her last four attempts and finished in a disappointing fifth place. Domestically she won the national title in 1959, 1961–62, 1964, 1966, and 1973.

In 1969, Ozoliņa married Jānis Lūsis (1939–2020), the 1968 Olympic champion in men's javelin throw. Their son, Voldemārs Lūsis, competed in the same event for Latvia at the 2000 Summer Olympics and 2004 Summer Olympics.

Latvia at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Latvia competed at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia. Latvia won their first summer Olympic gold medal at these games. 45 competitors, 30 men and 15 women, took part in 47 events in 13 sports.
Aedh Mac Fhlannchaidh
Aedh Mac Fhlannchaidh (died 1492) was an Irish brehon lawyer and Ollamh of Thomond.

Mac Fhlannchaidh was a native of Corcomroe, County Clare. In 1482, Murchadh Mac Fhlannchaidh, his designated successor, died. It is unknown what relationship they bore. Aedh himself died ten years later, according to the Annals of the Four Masters:

1492.34 Hugh Mac Clancy, Chief Brehon and Professor of Law in Thomond, died.

County Clare
County Clare (Irish: Contae an Chláir) is a county in the province of Munster in the  Southern part of Ireland, bordered on the west by the Atlantic Ocean. Clare County Council is the local authority. The county had a population of 127,938 at the 2022 census. The county seat and largest settlement is Ennis.
Jerome Shaw
Jerome Shaw, born John Robert Shaw and commonly known as Bishop Jerome (born December 21, 1946), is a retired bishop of the Russian Orthodox Church Outside of Russia. He was formerly the auxiliary bishop of Manhattan. He is a Slavist, theologian and polyglot, adherent of the Western Rite Orthodoxy.

Holy Trinity Monastery (Jordanville, New York)
Holy Trinity Monastery (Russian: Свя́то-Тро́ицкий монасты́рь, Svyato-Troitsky Monastyr) is a male stavropegial monastery of the Russian Orthodox Church Outside of Russia (ROCOR), located near Jordanville, New York. Founded in 1930 by two Russian immigrants, it eventually became a main spiritual center of Russian Orthodoxy in the West. The monastery is well known for its publishing work and for the attached Holy Trinity Orthodox Seminary, which has educated many clergymen in ROCOR and other Orthodox jurisdictions. Due to their closeness to the hamlet, both the monastery and seminary are often simply referred to as Jordanville. The monastery is dedicated to the Holy Trinity, and its patronal feast day is Pentecost. The campus includes a museum that is open to the public.
Murrin
Murrin is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Kristina Murrin (fl. 2001), Australian government official

Luke Murrin (fl. 1855–1885), American politician

Thomas J. Murrin (1929–2012), US Deputy Secretary of Commerce

Tom Murrin (1939–2012), American performance artist and playwright

Kristina Murrin
Kristina Murrin CBE, née Hunt, is an Australian-born United Kingdom-based innovator and former policy advisor to both the Blair and Cameron governments. Between 2010 and 2013 she jointly led the twelve-person policy and implementation team at No. 10 Downing Street.
Düsseldorf-Carlstadt
Carlstadt (German pronunciation: [ˈkaʁlˌʃtat]) is a quarter of Düsseldorf and belongs to the central Borough 1. It lies south of the Old Town (Altstadt) and was named after the Duke Carl-Theodor, who founded this borough.

Carlstadt has an area of 0.45 km2 (0.17 sq mi). It is the smallest borough of Düsseldorf. It has 2,259 inhabitants (2020).

Its economical life is mainly based on upper class shops. One of the three European central offices of Vodafone is in Carlstadt. The Heinrich Heine Institute and the Robert Schumann Society are in Carlstadt.
Clara and Robert Schumann lived for a couple of years in Carlstadt. Well-known is the Carlsplatz, the central market place of Düsseldorf in Carlstadt.

Vodafone
Vodafone Group Public Limited Company (/ˈvoʊdəfoʊn/) is a British multinational telecommunications company. Its registered office and global headquarters are in Newbury, Berkshire, England. It predominantly operates services in Asia, Africa, Europe, and Oceania.

As of January 2025, Vodafone owns and operates networks in 15 countries, with partner networks in 46 further countries.

Vodafone has a primary listing on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index. The company has a secondary listing on the NASDAQ as American depositary receipts (ADRs).
Gordon Bradbery
The Reverend Gordon Alfred Bradbery AM (born 8 May 1951) is the former lord mayor of Wollongong and a minister of the Uniting Church, though not active in ministry since 2011. Bradbery was re-elected for another three-year term as Lord Mayor on 4 December 2021.

City of Wollongong
The City of Wollongong is a local government area in the Illawarra region of New South Wales, Australia. The area is situated adjacent to the Tasman Sea, the Princes Motorway and the Illawarra railway line.

Located 80 kilometres (50 mi) south of Sydney, the City of Wollongong covers 684 square kilometres (264 sq mi) and occupies a narrow coastal strip bordered by the Royal National Park to the north, Lake Illawarra to the south, the Tasman Sea to the east and the Illawarra escarpment to the west.

Councillor Tania Brown was elected as Lord Mayor of the City of Wollongong in the New South Wales local government elections, held in September 2024.
Davis College (New York)
Davis College (formerly Practical Bible College) is a private Baptist bible college. It is affiliated with the Baptist Convention of New York and endorsed by the Baptist Convention of Pennsylvania/South Jersey.  The school currently offers its BRE degree at the campus of the Word of Life Bible Institute, located at 4230 Glendale Road in Pottersville, New York, with which the school has a close relationship.

It was formerly located in Johnson City, New York from 1900 to 2019, a location that was also previously known, starting in October 1911, as the post office of Bible School Park, New York.

Pottersville, New York
Pottersville is a hamlet and census-designated place in Chester, Warren County, New York, United States. In the census of 2010, the population was 424. The town is located in Adirondack Park on U.S. Route 9. Pottersville is home to Natural Stone Bridge and Caves, a tourist attraction featuring the largest marble cave entrance in the eastern United States.
Plantago rhodosperma
Plantago rhodosperma is a species of flowering plant in the plantain family known by the common names redseed plantain and redseed indianwheat. It is native to the Great Plains and Southwest of the United States.

This species is an annual herb growing from a taproot. The leaves are lance-shaped and may reach 35 cm (14 in) long, but are usually smaller. The leaves are gray-green and lightly hairy. The inflorescence is a narrow spike up to 20 cm (7.9 in) long. Each small flower produces two red or reddish black seeds.

This species is planted to provide a forage and to revegetate wildlife habitat and rangeland. The seed provides food for many types of game birds and the foliage is consumed by several types of animals, such as deer.

Plantaginaceae
Plantaginaceae, the plantain family or veronica family, is a large, diverse family of flowering plants in the order Lamiales that includes common flowers such as snapdragon and foxglove. It is unrelated to the banana-like fruit also called "plantain". In older classifications, Plantaginaceae was the only family of the order Plantaginales, but numerous phylogenetic studies, summarized by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group, have demonstrated that this taxon should be included within Lamiales.
1977 Wexford Senior Hurling Championship
The 1977 Wexford Senior Hurling Championship was the 67th completed staging of the Wexford Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Wexford County Board in 1889.

Buffers Alley entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 23 October 1977 at Wexford Park, between Rathnure and Buffers Alley, in what was their third meeting in the final overall and a first meeting in four years. Rathnure won the match by 2–07 to 2–04 to claim their 10th championship title overall and a first title in three years.

Chadwicks Wexford Park
Chadwicks Wexford Park is a GAA stadium in Wexford, County Wexford, Ireland. It is the home of Wexford GAA's Gaelic football and hurling teams. After a recent development the ground has a capacity of about 18,000.
It is located in the Clonard area on the outskirts of Wexford Town.

In 2015, a local technology company, Innovate Business Technology, bought the naming rights to the stadium. The new name was Innovate Wexford Park. In 2020, Chadwicks builders' providers replaced Innovate as the name sponsor of the stadium.