hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Convivència
Convivència is the public policy on social coexistence in Catalonia, Spain; government projects, departments and ordinances promote the principle broadly. Originally, convivència was presented as a policy to integrate immigrant populations and build social cohesion following the divisive Spanish Civil War and dictatorship. Today, convivència can encompass conflict mediation, policing, civic participation, language policy, public education, civility, public celebrations and the promotion of neighborhood-based initiatives. As the dominant paradigm of social coexistence, convivència is the frequent subject of political, scholarly, media and popular discourse. Unlike the cognate Castilian term, convivencia, which refers to an imagined Medieval Iberian past, the Catalan word and policy emerged in the late 1970s and refers to contemporary social life and recent history.

Convivencia
Convivencia (Spanish for "living together") is a term used by scholar Américo Castro to describe a period in Spanish history from the Muslim Umayyad conquest of Hispania in the 700s to the expulsion of the Jews in 1492 by the Catholic Monarchs of Spain. It claims that in the different Moorish Iberian kingdoms, the Muslims, Christians and Jews lived in relative peace. This idea suggests that medieval Spain was a place of religious tolerance and cultural exchange-very different from later periods when only Catholicism was allowed.

However, some scholars have challenged the historicity of the above view of intercultural harmony, depicting it as a myth, and claiming that it is ahistorical. According to The Oxford Dictionary of the Middle Ages, "Critics charge that [the term 'convivencia'] too often describes an idealized view of multi-faith harmony and symbiosis, while supporters retort that such a characterization is a distortion of the complex interactions they seek to understand."
Tāraia Ngākuti Te Tumuhuia
Tāraia Ngākuti Te Tumuhuia (also known as Taraia Ngakuti; died 13 March 1872) was a notable New Zealand Māori warrior and tribal leader of the Ngāti Maru and the Ngāti Tamaterā iwi, in power from the 1820s.  He may have been as old as almost one century.

Refusing Christianity or to adopt a European lifestyle, it is reported Tumuhuia was also part of the last cannibal feast in 1842.  (His cannibalism was well-known, with one likely tall tale indicating in his hey-day, he liked a favourite breakfast of a "nice fat child, giving preference to the female sex".)

George Bowen
Sir George Ferguson Bowen GCMG PC (Chinese: 寶雲; 2 November 1821 – 21 February 1899), was an Anglo-Irish author and colonial administrator whose appointments included postings to the Ionian Islands, Queensland, New Zealand, Victoria, Mauritius and Hong Kong.
USS Santee
Three ships of the United States Navy have been named USS Santee, after the Santee River of South Carolina.

USS Santee (1855) was one of the last sailing frigates of the Navy, started in 1820 but not completed until 1855.

USS Santee (1905) was a freighter, launched as Arvonian

USS Santee (CVE-29) was acquired in 1940 as a fleet oiler, converted to an escort carrier in 1942, and in service until 1946.

USS Santee (1855)
USS Santee was a wooden-hulled, three-masted sailing frigate of the United States Navy. She was the first U.S. Navy ship to be so named and was one of its last sailing frigates in service. She was acquired by the Union Navy at the start of the American Civil War, outfitted with heavy guns and a crew of 480, and was assigned as a gunboat in the Union blockade of the Confederate States. She later became a training ship then a barracks ship for the U.S. Naval Academy.
The 12th Man (film)
The 12th Man (Norwegian: Den 12. mann) is a 2017 Norwegian historical drama film directed by Harald Zwart, starring Thomas Gullestad as Jan Baalsrud, who escapes from occupying Nazi Germans on the island of Rebbenesøya, via the Lyngen Fjord and Manndalen, to neutral Sweden in the spring of 1943. The film, based on historical events of Operation Martin and the escape of Jan Baalsrud, adapted from the book Jan Baalsrud and Those Who Saved Him (2001) by Tore Haug and Astrid Karlsen Scott.

Like the book, The 12th Man emphasizes the efforts of those who helped Baalsrud escape, which is in line with Baalsrud's own statements about the local population's courage. The plot also details the pursuit of Baalsrud from the Sicherheitsdienst (SD) leadership's perspective, depicting the escape as a cat-and-mouse game between Sturmbannführer Kurt Stage and Baalsrud.

Lyngen (fjord)
Lyngen (Norwegian), Ivguvuotna (Northern Sami), or Yykeänvuono (Kven) is a fjord in Troms county, Norway. The 82-kilometre (51 mi) long fjord is the longest fjord in Troms county and it is often used as the dividing line between "northern Troms" and "southern Troms". The fjord is located within the municipalities of Skjervøy, Nordreisa, Lyngen, Gáivuotna–Kåfjord, and Storfjord. It stretches from the village of Hatteng in Storfjord Municipality in the south all the way north to the islands of Skjervøy Municipality. The Lyngen Alps lie on the Lyngen Peninsula along the western shore of the fjord. The European route E06 highway runs along the eastern shore of the fjord. The Kåfjorden branches off of the main fjord on the east side, and the southernmost part of the fjord is also known as the Storfjorden.
Sinfonía Soledad
Sinfonía Soledad (Spanish for Solitude Symphony) is a live album by Mexican rock band Panda released on November 30, 2007 by Warner Music and Movic Records.

The album is based on a compilation of the best known songs of the band recorded on 25 and 26 November 2006 at the National Auditorium in Mexico City; tracks "Nunca Nadie Nos Podrá Parar (Gracias)" (which is a token of appreciation to their audience) and "No Te Deseo el Mal... Pero Tampoco Te Deseo el Bien" (which was included on the soundtrack of the Mexican film Un Mundo Maravilloso) are included as well.

The first track "Intro" features Marcelo Treviño on keyboards. A small orchestra accompanies the quartet, dubbed by the band in plain concert Sinfonía Soledad. Besides the CD, the album includes a DVD with the live performance of songs. In 2007, Sinfonía Soledad peaked at #3 in Mexico.

Los malaventurados no lloran
"Los Malaventurados No Lloran" (English: Unhappy Boys Don't Cry) is a song by the Mexican rock band Panda. It was released in March 2007 as the second single from the band's fourth album, Amantes Sunt Amentes. The song reached the MTV TRL in Latin America, known as Los 10+ Pedidos, where it peaked at number one. The lyrics deal with suicide, depression and the loss of a loved one.
2023 Origins Award winners
The following are the winners of the 2023 annual Origins Awards, held in June 2024 at the Origins Game Fair. ICv2 noted that the categories "expanded substantially" to 24 whereas the previous year only had 16 categories; additionally, the "Retail Game of the year category was eliminated".

ICv2
ICv2 is an online trade magazine that covers geek culture for retailers. ICv2's main areas of focus are comic books, anime, gaming, and show business products. The site offers news, reviews, analysis, and sales information for retailers and librarians. ICv2 holds an annual trade conference in conjunction with the New York Comic Con; the company also periodically publishes ICv2 Retailer Guides in hard copy format.

The site is produced by GCO, LLC, based in Madison, Wisconsin.
Mukerjea
Mukerjea is a Bengali surname. It is a variant of Mukherjee. Notable people with the surname include:

Indrani Mukerjea (born 1972), Indian HR consultant and media executive

Jaidip Mukerjea (born 1942), Indian tennis player

Peter Mukerjea (born 1954), Indian television executive, husband of Indrani

Indrani Mukerjea
Indrani Mukerjea (born Pori Bora) is a British actor, former HR consultant and media executive. She was the wife of Peter Mukerjea, a retired television executive. In 2007, she co-founded INX Media with her ex-husband, where she took on the role of CEO. In 2009, she resigned from the company and later sold her stake in it.
William Sio
Aupito Tofae Su'a William Sio (born 1960) is a politician who became a member of the New Zealand House of Representatives on 1 April 2008 for the Labour Party as a list MP. From the November 2008 election to 2023, he represented the Māngere electorate.

Party-list proportional representation
Party-list proportional representation (list-PR) is a system of proportional representation based on preregistered political parties, with each party being allocated a certain number of seats  roughly proportional to their share of the vote.

In these systems, parties provide lists of candidates to be elected, or candidates may declare their affiliation with a political party (in some open-list systems). Seats are distributed by election authorities to each party, in proportion to the number of votes the party receives. Voters may cast votes for parties, as in Spain, Turkey, and Israel (closed lists); or for candidates whose vote totals are pooled together to determine the share of representation of their respective parties, as in Finland, Brazil, and the Netherlands (mixed single vote or panachage).
Muskrat Scrambler
Muskrat Scrambler was a steel roller coaster located at Six Flags New Orleans in Louisiana. The attraction was a "wild mouse" style coaster. The ride opened in the Jazzland section of the park on May 20, 2000. Following the devastation to the amusement park in August 2005 by Hurricane Katrina, the roller coaster ceased operation following the park's closure but remained standing until its demolition in 2024.

Wild mouse
A wild mouse is a type of roller coaster consisting of single or spinning cars traversing a tight-winding track with an emphasis on sharp, unbanked turns. The upper portion of the track usually features multiple 180-degree turns, known as flat turns, that produce high lateral G-forces even at modest speeds. Cars are often designed to be wider than the track to enhance the illusion of hanging over the edge. Lower portions of the track typically feature small hills and bunny hops. Wild mouse coasters first appeared in the 1950s, and following a period of decline in the 1980s, new innovations and layout designs in the late 1990s led to a resurgence in demand.
Surfer Blood
Surfer Blood are an American indie rock band from West Palm Beach, Florida, United States, currently signed to Kanine Records, formerly signed to Joyful Noise Recordings and Warner Bros. Records. The band currently consists of four members: John Paul Pitts (lead vocals/guitars), Tyler Schwarz (drums), Mike McCleary (guitars/backing vocals), and Lindsey Mills (bass/backing vocals).

Joyful Noise Recordings
Joyful Noise Recordings is an independent record label with headquarters in Indianapolis, Indiana. The label was founded in 2003 in Bloomington, Indiana by Karl Hofstetter, who also played drums on several of the label's first releases. Joyful Noise maintains an active roster of over 30 bands playing various musical styles, though according to the label, each artist "in one way or another bridges the gap between pop and noise."
Lenisa
Lenisa is a monotypic moth genus of the family Noctuidae erected by Michael Fibiger, Alberto Zilli and László Aladár Ronkay in 2005. Its only species, Lenisa geminipuncta, was first described by Adrian Hardy Haworth in 1809. It is found in southern and central Europe, Lebanon, Israel, Turkey, Iraq and in the Caucasus. Some authors place this genus name as a synonym  Archanara, and the species as Archanara geminipuncta.

Archanara geminipuncta
Archanara geminipuncta, the twin-spotted wainscot, is a moth of the family Noctuidae which is found in Europe, Lebanon, Israel, Turkey, Iraq and the Caucasus. The species was first described by Adrian Hardy Haworth in 1809.
Hyvärinen
Hyvärinen is a Finnish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Aapo Hyvärinen (born 1970), Finnish computer scientist

Annemari Sandell-Hyvärinen (born 1977), Finnish long-distance runner

Antti Hyvärinen (1932–2000), Finnish ski jumper

Eero Hyvärinen (1890–1973), Finnish gymnast

Mikko Hyvärinen (1889–1973), Finnish gymnast

Pasi Hyvärinen (born 1987), Finnish volleyball player

Perttu Hyvärinen (born 1991), Finnish cross-country skier

Toni Hyvärinen (born 1988), Finnish ice hockey player

Pasi Hyvärinen
Pasi Hyvärinen (born 22 November 1987) is a volleyball player from Finland. He has played for Muuramen Lentopallo and Keski-Savon Pateri in the Finnish Championship league. For Season 2010–2011 he joined the GFCO Ajaccio team in French Ligue A. Hyvärinen is a member of Finland men's national volleyball team.
Luke Ferrara
Luke Ferrara (born 7 June 1993) is a British ice hockey player who currently plays for UK NIHL side Peterborough Phantoms. A member of the British national team, Ferrara previously played with the Cardiff Devils, Sheffield Steelers, Coventry Blaze and Nottingham Panthers.

He represented Great Britain at the 2019 IIHF World Championship, 2021 IIHF World Championship and 2022 IIHF World Championship.

2019 IIHF World Championship
The 2019 IIHF World Championship was hosted from 10 to 26 May 2019 by Slovakia. It was the second time that Slovakia has hosted the event as an independent country, as was the case in 2011. The host cities were Bratislava and Košice, as announced by the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) on 15 May 2015 in Prague, Czech Republic.

Finland won their third title by defeating Canada in the final. The Finns had 18 first-timers for the 2019 IIHF World Championship and were widely regarded as an outsider to win any medal at all. Despite this, the Finns won their third World Championship and lost only two games in the tournament (against the USA, and Germany). Russia secured the bronze medal after a penalty-shootout win over the Czech Republic. This tournament was also the first time since the 2006 IIHF World Championship that both promoted teams (Great Britain and Italy) stayed in the top division.
Poor Mountain
Poor Mountain is a ridge of high peaks located in Roanoke County, Virginia and Montgomery County, Virginia.  At 3,928 feet, Poor Mountain is the tallest mountain in the immediate area.

Poor Mountain has the largest known population, by far, of piratebush (Buckleya distichophylla), a plant which draws nutrients from the roots of Eastern Hemlock trees. Piratebush is found only in limited numbers at a few other locations in Virginia, North Carolina, and Tennessee.
The Poor Mountain Natural Area Preserve has been established to protect this population.

Twelve O'clock Knob is located adjacent to Poor Mountain in Roanoke County directly south of Salem, Virginia.  The north slope of the ridgeline formed by Poor Mountain and Twelve O'clock Knob marks the southwestern boundary of the Roanoke Valley.  Fort Lewis Mountain is located directly across the valley from Poor Mountain.

Roanoke County, Virginia
Roanoke County (/ˈroʊ.əˌnoʊk/ ROH-ə-nohk) is a county in the U.S. state of the Commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, its population was 96,929. Its county seat is Salem, but the county administrative offices are located in the census-designated place of Cave Spring.

Roanoke County is part of the Roanoke metropolitan area, and is in the Roanoke Region of Virginia.

The independent cities of Roanoke and Salem (incorporated as such in 1884 and 1968 respectively) are inside the boundaries of Roanoke County but are not a part of the county. The town of Vinton is the only municipality in the county. While significant areas of the county are rural and mountainous, most residents live in the suburbs near Roanoke and Salem in the Roanoke Valley.
Tyholland
Tyholland (Irish: Tigh Thalainn, meaning 'Talainn's house'), also known as Tehallan, is a small parish in County Monaghan, Ireland. It is the smallest parish in County Monaghan and borders County Armagh, Northern Ireland. For a period it was united with Donagh parish and later still with Monaghan parish. Since 1826 it has been once again a parish in its own right.

It borders directly on Tynan in County Armagh, Northern Ireland, in the east. To the southeast lies Clontibret parish, to the south and west Monaghan parish, and to the north is Donagh parish.

The disused Ulster Canal passes through the area of the parish, as does the N12, R185, and R213 roads. Tyholland has a Community Sports Centre at the N12.

Tynan
Tynan (from Irish Tuíneán, meaning 'watercourse') is a village, townland (of 375 acres) and civil parish in County Armagh, Northern Ireland. The village, which is around 11 kilometres (7 mi) west of Armagh City, had a population of 71 people (35 households) as of the 2011 census.
Zhu Wenkui
Zhu Wenkui (born 30 November 1396) was the elder son and Crown Prince of the Jianwen Emperor of the Ming dynasty, born by Empress Ma, when his parents were Crown Prince and Crown Princess respectively.

In 1402, Zhu Di, Prince of Yan sacked Nanjing, both Jianwen and Wenkui disappeared. It was said that Wenkui died in the palace fire set by Jianwen; or Wenkui was demoted to commoner rank and put under house arrest at Fengyang; when he was released, he was 61 and his son was about 40.

In the period of the Southern Ming, he was posthumously honored Crown Prince Gongmin (by the Hongguang Emperor) and Crown Prince Hejian (by the Longwu Emperor).

He was the only male royalty in Ming dynasty that born during the reign of his great-grandfather, and thus Hongwu Emperor was the only Ming emperor that lived to see his great-grandson born.

Longwu Emperor
Zhu Yujian (1602 – 6 October 1646), nickname Changshou, originally the Prince of Tang, later reigned as the Longwu Emperor of the Southern Ming dynasty from 18 August 1645, when he was enthroned in Fuzhou, to 6 October 1646, when he was captured and executed by a contingent of the Qing army. He was an eighth generation descendant of Zhu Jing, Prince Ding of Tang, who was the 23rd son of Ming founder Zhu Yuanzhang (Hongwu Emperor).
The Spider Woman
The Spider Woman (alternatively titled Sherlock Holmes and the Spider Woman and Spider Woman) is a 1943 mystery film starring Basil Rathbone as Sherlock Holmes and Nigel Bruce as Dr. Watson, the seventh of fourteen such films the pair were involved in. As with all of the Universal Studios films in the series, the film is set in then-present day as opposed to the Victorian setting of the original stories. This film incorporates elements from the 1890 novel The Sign of the Four, as well as the short stories "The Final Problem", "The Adventure of the Empty House", "The Adventure of the Speckled Band" and makes explicit reference to "The Adventure of the Devil's Foot".

Pygmy peoples
In anthropology, pygmy peoples are ethnic groups whose average height is unusually short. The term pygmyism is used to describe the phenotype of endemic short stature (as opposed to disproportionate dwarfism occurring in isolated cases in a population) for populations in which adult men are on average less than 150 cm (4 ft 11 in) tall.

Although the term is sometimes considered derogatory because it focuses on a physical trait, it remains the primary term associated with the African Pygmies, the hunter-gatherers of the Congo Basin (comprising the Bambenga, Bambuti and Batwa). The terms "Asiatic pygmies" and "Oceanic pygmies" have also been used to describe the Negrito populations of Southeast Asia and Australo-Melanesian peoples of short stature. The Taron people of Myanmar are an exceptional case of a pygmy population of East Asian phenotype.
Yi Suhyŏng
Yi Suhyŏng (Korean: 이수형; Hanja: 李秀亨; 1435–1528) was a Korean politician and Confucian scholar, writer, and poet of the Joseon period. His art names were Toch'on and Kongbukhŏn. It was after King Sejo of Joseon took possession of the throne by force and after the loss of his nephew, that he left politics and secluded himself away from society.

Art name
An art name (pseudonym or pen name), also known by its native names hào (in Mandarin Chinese), gō (in Japanese), ho (in Korean), and tên hiệu (in Vietnamese), is a professional name used by artists, poets and writers in the Sinosphere. The word and the concept originated in China, where it was used as nicknames for the educated, then became popular in other East Asian countries (especially in Japan, Korea, Vietnam, and the former Kingdom of Ryukyu).

In some cases, artists adopted different pseudonyms at different stages of their career, usually to mark significant changes in their life. Extreme practitioners of this tendency were Tang Yin of the Ming dynasty, who had more than ten hao, Hokusai of Japan, who in the period 1798 to 1806 alone used no fewer than six, and Kim Chŏnghŭi of the Joseon Dynasty who had up to 503.
Scotch Plains-Fanwood High School
Scotch Plains-Fanwood High School (or SPFHS) is a comprehensive regional four-year public high school in Union County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, which serves students in ninth through twelfth grades from the Township of Scotch Plains and the Borough of Fanwood, operating as the lone secondary school of the Scotch Plains-Fanwood Regional School District. The school is accredited until January 2031 and has been accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Elementary and Secondary Schools since 1932.

As of the 2023–24 school year, the school had an enrollment of 1,551 students and 115.9 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 13.4:1. There were 55 students (3.5% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 17 (1.1% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch.

Ninth grade
Ninth grade (also 9th or Grade 9) is the ninth year of formal or compulsory education in some countries. It is generally part of high school or secondary school depending on the country. Students in ninth grade are usually 14–15 years old.
2014 Kilkenny County Council election
An election to all 24 seats on Kilkenny County Council took place on 23 May 2014 as part of the 2014 Irish local elections, a reduction from 26 seats at the 2009 election. County Kilkenny was divided into 3 local electoral areas to elect councillors for a five-year term of office on the electoral system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV). In addition, Kilkenny Borough Council was abolished.

Fianna Fáil became the largest party securing 10 seats, a gain of 3. Fine Gael, by contrast, had a very poor set of results and lost 5 of their seats returning with 7 seats in all. Sinn Féin broke through in the county winning 3 seats, while Labour retained just 2 seats on the council. Malcolm Noonan of the Greens was re-elected in Kilkenny city and Independents secured the final seat.

Kilkenny County Council
Kilkenny County Council (Irish: Comhairle Chontae Chill Chainnigh) is the local authority of County Kilkenny, Ireland. As a county council, it is governed by the Local Government Act 2001. The council is responsible for housing and community, roads and transportation, urban planning and development, amenity and culture, and environment. The council has 24 elected members. Elections are held every five years and are by single transferable vote. The head of the council has the title of Cathaoirleach (chairperson). The county administration is headed by a chief executive, Lar Power. The county town is Kilkenny city.