hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1911 Cornell Big Red football team
The 1911 Cornell Big Red football team was an American football team that represented Cornell University during the 1911 college football season.  In their second season under head coach Daniel A. Reed, the Big Red compiled a 7–3 record and outscored all opponents by a combined total of 101 to 52. Tackle William Edward Munk was selected by Walter Camp as a second-team player, and by Baseball Magazine as a first-team player, on the 1911 College Football All-America Team.

1911 college football season
The 1911 college football season was the last one before major reforms were made to the American game in 1912.  In 1911, touchdowns were worth five points, the field was 110 yards in length, and a team had three downs within which to advance the ball ten yards.  The United States Naval Academy (Navy) finished with a record of 6 wins and 3 ties (6–0–3). Two of the ties were 0–0 games with the other major unbeaten teams, Penn State (8–0–1) and Princeton (8–0–2). Other teams that finished the season unbeaten were Minnesota (6–0–1), Florida (5–0–1) and Oklahoma (8-0).

At the end of the season Princeton was named as the year's champion by The New York Times. The Helms Athletic Foundation, founded in 1936, declared retroactively that Princeton had been the best team of 1911.
2019 Gwangju Open
The 2019 Gwangju Open was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the 4th edition of the tournament which was part of the 2019 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Gwangju, South Korea between 13 and 19 May 2019.

Hsieh Cheng-peng
Hsieh Cheng-peng (Chinese: 謝政鵬; born 22 September 1991) is a tennis player from Taiwan. He reached a career-high doubles ranking of world No. 62 in June 2019. He reached the final at the 2019 Sofia Open with partner Christopher Rungkat.

Alongside Yang Tsung-hua he won the 2008 Wimbledon as well as the  2008 Australian Open  Junior titles. He also won the 2009 US Open with Márton Fucsovics, and the 2009 Australian Open Junior title with Francis Casey Alcantara.

He is the brother of tennis players Hsieh Su-wei and Hsieh Yu-chieh.
Ronnie Turner
Ronald H. Turner (born 1911, date of death unknown) was a Rhodesian international lawn bowler.

He won three bronze medals in the fours competition at consecutive Commonwealth Games. They came in the 1954 British Empire and Commonwealth Games in Vancouver, 1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games in Cardiff and the 1962 British Empire and Commonwealth Games in Perth.

1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games
The 1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games (Welsh: Gemau Ymerodraeth Prydain a'r Gymanwlad 1958) were held in Cardiff, Wales, from 18 to 26 July 1958. It was the sixth edition of what would come to be known as the Commonwealth Games, the second Games held in the United Kingdom, and the second held under the name British Empire and Commonwealth Games.

Thirty-five nations sent a total of 1,130 athletes and 228 officials to the Cardiff Games and 23 countries and dependencies won medals, including, for the first time, Singapore, Ghana, Kenya and the Isle of Man. 178,000 tickets were eventually sold during the Games.

The Cardiff Games introduced the Queen's Baton Relay, which has been conducted as a prelude to every Commonwealth Games ever since. England topped the medal table.
Czech Republic–Poland border
The Czech Republic-Poland border (Czech: Česko-polská státní hranice) is the international border between the Czech Republic (Czechia) and the Republic of Poland. The present-day Czech Republic-Poland border was technically established in 1993 following the peaceful dissolution of Czechoslovakia, though the location of the border has been largely unchanged since 1918. It is approximately 796 km (495 mi) in length and runs southeast through the Central Sudetes mountains from the tripoint with Germany to the tripoint with Slovakia.

Złoty Stok
Złoty Stok [ˈzwɔtɨ ˈstɔk] (Czech: Rychleby, German: Reichenstein, "Richstone") is a town in Ząbkowice Śląskie County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. It is the seat of the administrative district (gmina) called Gmina Złoty Stok. It is situated on the border with the Czech Republic, adjoining the Czech village of Bílá Voda.
Wallace Farm (Cuyahoga Valley National Park)
The Wallace Farm is a historic farm within Cuyahoga Valley National Park in Summit County, Ohio. The property overlooks Brandywine Falls, a 63 feet (19 m) waterfall on Brandywine Creek. Land speculator and sawyer George Wallace settled on the land with his family in the 1810s; Wallace helped found the nearby village of Brandywine and became its first postmaster in 1825. His sons James and George Y. Wallace began farming on the land in the 1830s, though George Y. died in the 1840s. James built a farmhouse and barn on the farm circa 1850, both of which are still standing. The farmhouse has a Greek Revival design with a gable roof and six-over-six double-hung sash windows. The farm also includes a twentieth-century concrete workshop, the ruins of the sawmill, and several building foundations.

The farm was added to the National Register of Historic Places on June 27, 1985. The farmhouse currently operates as a bed and breakfast called the Inn at Brandywine Falls.

Sawyer (occupation)
Sawyer also known as sawmill worker is an occupational term referring to someone who saws wood, particularly using a pitsaw either in a saw pit or with the log on trestles above ground or operates a sawmill. One such job is the occupation of someone who cuts lumber to length for the consumer market, a task now often done by end users or at lumber and home improvement stores.

The term is still widely used in the logging industry to refer to the operator of a chainsaw (or still in some limited applications, a crosscut saw) for harvesting, wildfire suppression, trail construction and related work. In the construction industry, the term is applied to the operator of a concrete saw.
Federalist No. 81
Federalist No. 81 is an essay by Alexander Hamilton, the eighty-first of The Federalist Papers. It was published on June 25 and 28, 1788 under the pseudonym Publius, the name under which all The Federalist papers were published. The title is "The Judiciary Continued, and the Distribution of the Judicial Authority", and it is the fourth in a series of six essays discussing the powers and limitations of the Judicial branch.

The Federalist Papers, as a foundation text of constitutional interpretation, are frequently cited by American jurists. Of all the essays, No. 81 is the third-most cited, behind only Federalist No. 42 and Federalist No. 78. Federalist No. 81 addresses how the powers of the judiciary should be distributed. It deals with potential fears for the irreversible effects of judicial activism.

Judiciary
The judiciary (also known as the judicial system, judicature, judicial branch, judiciative branch, and court or judiciary system) is the system of courts that adjudicates legal disputes/disagreements and interprets, defends, and applies the law in legal cases.
G. C. Murphy Building
The G.C. Murphy Building, better known as "The Murphy" or "The Murphy Building", was built in 1884 and is located at 1043 Virginia Avenue in the historic Fountain Square District of Indianapolis, Indiana, United States. The G.C. Murphy Building was once made up of separate buildings, but was joined in 1951 to become part of the now defunct chain of five and dime stores of the same name.

The Murphy Art Center is an arts center located in the G. C. Murphy Building. The Center houses five galleries, 23 artist's studios, a supplier of art materials, an Italian restaurant, an English Pub and a salon/gallery combination. The building is also home to the offices of MOKB Presents and their venue, The HIFI.

The building is listed on the National Register of Historic Places as a contributing property to the Fountain Square Commercial Areas Thematic Resources.

Studio
A studio is a space set aside for creative work of any kind, including art, dance, music and theater.

The word studio is derived from the Italian: studio, from Latin: studium, from studere, meaning to study or zeal.
Edens Edge (EP)
Edens Edge EP is a five-song extended play released from country music group Edens Edge. The extended play is the group's first release on Big Machine Records. It was released on May 24, 2011, and peaked at No. 43 on the Top Heatseekers chart. It features their debut single, "Amen", which was a Top 20 hit on the Hot Country Songs charts.

All songs from the EP except for "Slow Motion" later appeared on the band's self-titled debut album.

Amen (Edens Edge song)
"Amen" is a song written by Skip Black, Hannah Blaylock, Catt Gravitt and Gerald O'Brien, and recorded by American country music group Edens Edge. It was released in March 2011 as their debut single and the first from their self-titled album for Big Machine Records.
Geoffrey Allen (priest)
Christianity portal

Geoffrey Gordon Allen (born 1939) was Archdeacon of North West Europe from 1993 to 2004.

Allen was educated at  Salisbury and Wells Theological College. He was ordained deacon in 1966 and priest in 1967.  After a curacy at St Mary the Virgin, Langley Marish he was with the Mission to Seamen until 1970. He then served at Rotterdam, Voorschoten, The Hague, Arnhem, Nijmegen, Twenthe  and Haarlem.

Langley, Berkshire
Langley, also known as Langley Marish, is an area of Slough in Berkshire, England. It is two miles (3 km) east of Slough town centre and 18 miles (29 km) west of Charing Cross in Central London. It was a separate civil parish and village until the 1930s, when the built-up part of Langley was incorporated into Slough. Langley was in the historic county of Buckinghamshire, being transferred to the administrative county of Berkshire in 1974.
Joachim Busse
Joachim Busse (born 10 March 1954) is a retired West German long jumper.

He finished sixth at the 1975 European Indoor Championships, won the bronze medal at the 1976 European Indoor Championships, finished fifth at the 1980 European Indoor Championships and also at the 1981 European Indoor Championships .

He became West German champion in 1975, 1981 and 1984, representing the sports clubs Bayer 05 Uerdingen, LG Bayer Leverkusen and ASV Köln.

His personal best jump was 8.12 metres, achieved in July 1981 in Gelsenkirchen.

1980 European Athletics Indoor Championships
The 1980 European Athletics Indoor Championships were held in Sindelfingen, a city in West Germany, on 1 and 2 March 1980. The championships were boycotted by East Germany. The middle-distance races were hand-timed.

The host nation topped the medal table with 12 medals, including 5 golds, followed closely by Poland and the Soviet Union.
Robert Goodman (psychiatrist)
Robert Nicholas Goodman (15 November 1953 – 18 December 2025) was a British child psychiatrist who was Professor of Brain and Behavioural Medicine at the Institute of Psychiatry in the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King's College London. He specialised in hemiplegia and online psychiatric screening. Goodman was a member of the Royal College of Physicians, and was awarded a Fellowship of the Royal College of Psychiatrists in 1987.

Goodman was the primary inventor of the SDQ Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire and the Development And Wellbeing Assessment or DAWBA.

He died on 18 December 2025, aged 72.

Royal College of Psychiatrists
The Royal College of Psychiatrists is the main professional organisation of psychiatrists in the United Kingdom, and is responsible for representing psychiatrists, for psychiatric research and for providing public information about mental health problems. The college provides advice to those responsible for training and certifying psychiatrists in the UK.

In addition to publishing many books and producing several journals, the college produces, for the public, information about mental health problems. Its offices are located at 21 Prescot Street in London, near Aldgate. The college's previous address (until 2013) was Belgrave Square.
Samuel Okwaraji
Samuel Sochukwuma Okwaraji // ⓘ(19 May 1964 – 12 August 1989) was a professional footballer who played internationally for Nigeria.  He was also a qualified lawyer who had a masters in international law from the Pontifical Lateran University of Rome. He collapsed and died of congestive heart failure in the 77th minute of a World Cup qualification match against Angola at the Lagos National Stadium in Surulere, Lagos State on 12 August 1989.

Surulere
SurulereListenⓘ is a local government area located on the mainland in Lagos State, Nigeria. It has an area of 23 km2 (8.9 sq mi). At the 2006 census, there were 503,975 inhabitants, with a population density of 21,864 inhabitants per square kilometer. The local government area is bordered by Yaba, Mushin, and Ebute-Metta.
Columbid alphaherpesvirus 1
Columbid alphaherpesvirus 1 (CoHV-1) is a species of virus in the genus Mardivirus, subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae, family Herpesviridae, and order Herpesvirales.  It is also known as pigeon herpesvirus, as it afflicts pigeons.

Herpesvirales
Herpesvirales is an order of dsDNA viruses (Baltimore group I) with animal hosts, characterised by a common morphology consisting of an icosahedral capsid enclosed in a glycoprotein-containing lipid envelope. Common infections in humans caused by members of this order include cold sores, genital herpes, chickenpox, shingles, and glandular fever. Herpesvirales is the sole order in the class Herviviricetes, which is the sole class in the phylum Peploviricota.
Triple Action Thunder
The Triple Action Thunder is a breech-loading, single shot handgun designed to fire the .50 BMG cartridge. It was developed by Triple Action LLC, an FFL based in Logan, Utah. It was introduced at the 2004 SHOT Show as a prototype, and never made it out of that stage. To help counter the strong recoil, the Thunder had a muzzle brake and a hydraulic recoil reduction system called the nitrogen recoil controller.

Logan, Utah
Logan is a city in Cache County, Utah, United States. The 2020 census recorded the population at 52,778. Logan is the county seat of Cache County and the principal city of the Logan metropolitan area, which includes Cache County and Franklin County, Idaho. The Logan metropolitan area contained 147,908 people as of the 2020 census. Logan has the main campus of Utah State University.
Stefano Bianca
Stefano Bianca is a Swiss architectural historian and an urban designer. Bianca has been published in the fields of Islamic architecture, cities, gardens and arts.

He is currently working as Director of the Historic Cities Support Program.

Urban design
Urban design is an approach to the design of buildings and the spaces between them that focuses on specific design processes and outcomes based on geographical location. In addition to designing and shaping the physical features of towns, cities, and regional spaces, urban design considers 'bigger picture' issues of economic, social and environmental value and social design. The scope of a project can range from a local street or public space to an entire city and surrounding areas. Urban designers connect the fields of architecture, landscape architecture and urban planning to better organize local and community environments' dependent upon geographical location.

Some important focuses of urban design on this page include its historical impact, paradigm shifts, its interdisciplinary nature, and issues related to urban design.
Wolfhampcote
Wolfhampcote is an abandoned village and civil parish in the English counties of Warwickshire and Northamptonshire, which it straddles. The civil parish is only in Warwickshire, with the entire eastern boundary with Northamptonshire clearly formed by the River Leam. This river also forms the boundary with Willoughby civil parish to the north.

Willoughby, Warwickshire
Willoughby is a village and civil parish about 5 miles (8 km) south of Rugby, Warwickshire, England. The village is about 4.5 miles (7 km) northwest of Daventry in neighbouring Northamptonshire and the eastern boundary of the parish forms part of the county boundary.

Willoughby's toponym is derived from Old Norse Viligbýr meaning "willow farmstead".

The parish is bounded to the south by the River Leam and to the west by one of its tributaries. The village is just west of the main road between Daventry and Coventry, now the A45 road.

The 2011 Census recorded a parish population of 398.
Rânia
Rânia is a 2012 Brazilian drama film directed by Roberta Marques. The film premiered in the official competition of the 2012 International Film Festival Rotterdam, and was the winner of the Première Brazil - "New Paths" in the 2011 Festival do Rio.

International Film Festival Rotterdam
International Film Festival Rotterdam (IFFR) is an annual film festival held at the end of January in various locations in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, focused on independent and experimental films. The inaugural festival took place in June 1972, led by founder Huub Bals. IFFR also hosts CineMart and BoostNL for film producers to seek funding.
Rémy Joseph Isidore Exelmans
Marshal Rémy Joseph Isidore Exelmans, 1st Comte Exelmans (French pronunciation: [ʁemi ʒozɛf izidɔʁ ɛɡzɛlmɑ̃], 13 November 1775 – 22 June 1852) was a distinguished French soldier of the Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, as well as a political figure of the following period.

His name is inscribed on the southern pillar of the Arc de Triomphe in Paris.

Inspector general
An inspector general is an investigative official in a civil or military organization. The plural of the term is "inspectors general".

In some countries, inspector general is also a formal rank or title in civil, police, or military services, where it refers to a senior officer rather than an investigative position. The duties and authority of the role vary by country and organization.
1976 California Democratic presidential primary
The 1976 California Democratic presidential primary was held on June 8, 1976, as one of the Democratic Party presidential primaries ahead of the 1976 United States presidential election. The primary was held alongside the state's Republican Party presidential primary as well as primaries in New Jersey and Ohio. It was one of the last elections before the 1976 Democratic National Convention the following month.

Then incumbent California governor Jerry Brown faced off against Georgia governor Jimmy Carter, as well as a small number of others. Brown won his home state in a blowout, winning every county, but ultimately failed to secure the nomination. Carter would go on to win the nomination and later the presidency, unseating incumbent president Gerald Ford.

1976 Republican Party presidential primaries
From January 6 to July 14, 1976, voters of the Republican Party chose its nominee for president in the 1976 United States presidential election. The major candidates were incumbent President Gerald Ford and former governor of California Ronald Reagan. After a series of primary elections and caucuses, neither secured a majority of the delegates before the convention.

This was the last election in which the Republican nominee was undetermined at the start of the party's national convention.
Satoshi Maruo
Satoshi Maruo (Japanese: 丸尾知司; born 28 November 1991) is a Japanese male athlete competing in the 50 kilometres race walk. He represented Japan at the 2016 IAAF World Race Walking Team Championships and the 2017 World Championships in Athletics, finishing fifth at the latter event in a personal best of 3:43:03 hours The Japanese team was very successful at the event with all three men finishing in the top five. He is a member of the Aichi Steel athletics team.

2016 IAAF World Race Walking Team Championships
The 2016 IAAF World Race Walking Team Championships (Italian: Campionati del mondo a squadre di marcia 2016) was the 27th edition of the global team racewalking competition organised by the International Association of Athletics Federations. It was held in Rome, Italy from 7 to 8 May 2016. It was the first edition of the tournament under its new name, having previously been known as the IAAF World Race Walking Cup since 1989.
Nishnabotna River
The Nishnabotna River (/nɪʃnəˈbɑːtnə/) is a tributary of the Missouri River in southwestern Iowa, northwestern Missouri and southeastern Nebraska in the United States.  It flows for most of its length as two parallel streams in Iowa, the East Nishnabotna River and the West Nishnabotna River.  The east and west branches are each about 120 miles (190 km) long; from their confluence the Nishnabotna flows approximately another 16 miles (26 km). Several sections of the rivers' courses have been straightened and heavily channelized.

The river is the third largest stream in Iowa on the  Missouri slope, after the Big Sioux River and Little Sioux River. It has the second largest  watershed in Iowa, since only a small portion of the Big Sioux drains in Iowa. The mouth of the Nishabotna was formerly 20 miles further south in Atchison County, Missouri, but changes in the Missouri River have cut off the lower portion and reduced the length of the river.

River engineering
River engineering is a discipline of civil engineering which studies human intervention in the course, characteristics, or flow of a river with the intention of producing some defined benefit. People have intervened in the natural course and behaviour of rivers since before recorded history—to manage the water resources, to protect against flooding, or to make passage along or across rivers easier. Since the Yuan Dynasty and Ancient Roman times, rivers have been used as a source of hydropower.

From the late 20th century onward, the practice of river engineering has responded to environmental concerns broader than immediate human benefit. Some river engineering projects have focused exclusively on the restoration or protection of natural characteristics and habitats.
2019 Punta Open – Doubles
Facundo Bagnis and Ariel Behar were the defending champions but only Bagnis chose to defend his title, partnering Franco Agamenone. Bagnis lost in the first round to Sander Gillé and Joran Vliegen.

Guido Andreozzi and Guillermo Durán won the title after defeating Gillé and Vliegen 6–2, 6–7(6–8), [10–8] in the final.

Franco Agamenone
Franco Agamenone (born 15 April 1993) is an Italian–Argentine tennis player, who competes mainly on the ATP Challenger Tour.

Agamenone has a career high ATP singles ranking of World No. 108 achieved on 1 August 2022. He also has a career high doubles ranking of World No. 167 achieved on 15 October 2018. He has won 5 ATP Challenger titles, three in singles and two in doubles.

Agamenone received a ten-month suspension from March 2019 until January 2020 for an anti-doping rule violation for unintentional use of hydrochlorothiazide.
Peg Woffington (novel)
Peg Woffington is an 1853 novel by the British author Charles Reade. It was inspired by the popular stage play Masks and Faces which he had co-written with Tom Taylor the previous year. Reade portrayed the London success of the Irish actress Peg Woffington (1720-1760) and featured other prominent figures of the days such as David Garrick.

Tom Taylor
Tom Taylor (19 October 1817 – 12 July 1880) was an English dramatist, critic, biographer, public servant, and editor of Punch magazine. Taylor had a brief academic career, holding the professorship of English literature and language at University College, London in the 1840s, after which he practised law and became a civil servant. At the same time he became a journalist, most prominently as a contributor to, and eventually editor of, Punch, a humour magazine.

In addition to these vocations, Taylor began a theatre career and became best known as a playwright, with up to 100 plays staged during his career. Many were adaptations of French plays, but these and his original works cover a range from farce to melodrama. Most fell into neglect after Taylor's death, but Our American Cousin (1858), which achieved great success in the 19th century, remains famous as the piece that was being performed in the presence of Abraham Lincoln when he was assassinated in 1865.