hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Women in the 15th Canadian Parliament
During the 15th Canadian Parliament, there was no change in representation by women. Four women ran for seats in the Canadian House of Commons in the 1925 federal election but Agnes Macphail, first elected in 1921, continued to be the only woman elected.

1925 Canadian federal election
The 1925 Canadian federal election was held on October 29, 1925, to elect members  of the House of Commons of Canada of the 15th Parliament of Canada. The Conservative party took the most seats in the House of Commons, although not a majority. Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King's Liberal Party was invited to form a minority government. Unlike the Conservative party, King's Liberals had the conditional support of the many Farmer/Progressive MPs. As a result, this is the only election in which the party that won the most seats did not get to form a government afterward.

The government fell the following year. Governor General Baron Byng of Vimy offered the Conservatives under Meighen a chance to form government. This too fell in short order. Byng's action in refusing King's request became the main issue of the 1926 election under the name "King–Byng Affair".
Owoye Andrew Azazi
Owoye Andrew Azazi CFR FSS GSS DSS MSS CMH (1 February 1952 – 15 December 2012) was a Nigerian army general who served as National Security Adviser to President Goodluck Jonathan, was Chief of Defence Staff (CDS) of Nigeria, and Chief of Army Staff (COAS). Before his first service chief appointment (COAS), he was General Officer Commanding (GOC) 1 Division, Kaduna State.

Chief of Army Staff (Nigeria)
The chief of army staff (COAS) has been the title of the professional head of the Nigerian Army since 1966. Prior to 1966, the title was General Officer Commanding, Nigerian Army (GOCNA). Since 1980, the post has been immediately subordinate to the chief of defence staff, the post held by the head of the Nigerian Armed Forces. The position is often occupied by the most senior officer appointed by the president.

The current chief of army staff is Lieutenant General Waidi Shaibu, who succeeded Lieutenant General Olufemi Oluyede, following his appointment as CDS.
Sindh Cities Improvement Program
The Sindh Cities Improvement Program (SCIP) is a program initiated by the Government of Sindh with the assistance of the Asian Development Bank (ADB), with the aim of improving municipal services and development of major urban centers of Sindh, Pakistan. The first phase of the program was implemented in selected towns in upper Sindh, known as the Sukkur cluster, and focused on improving water, sanitation and solid waste management services, thereby improving public health and quality of life.

The SCIP Program Support Unit (PSU) is located in the Clifton district of Karachi.

Clifton, Karachi
Clifton is an upscale and historic seaside locality in Karachi, Pakistan. It is one of the most affluent parts of the city, home to some of Karachi's most expensive real estates. It is home to several foreign consulates, while its commercial centres are amongst the most high-end in Pakistan, with a strong presence of international brands.
Lodi (Pashtun tribe)
Lodhi (Pashto: لودهی) is a Pashtun tribe of the Bettani Pashtun confederacy. It consists of a number of sub-tribes, most of which are settled in the Tank, Lakki Marwat and Dera Ismail Khan districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, with smaller population found in Punjab and Azad Kashmir. These tribes were nomadic for most of their history and migrated to their present-day locations by crossing the Gomal Pass throughout different times.

Two sub-tribes among the Lodhi established their own empires: the Sur tribe established the Sur dynasty and the Prangi tribe established the Lodhi dynasty.

Tank District
Tank District (Pashto: ټانک ولسوالۍ, Urdu: ضلع ٹانک ṭāṅk; Saraiki: ٹاک ṭāk) is a district in the Dera Ismail Khan Division of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.

The city of Tank is the headquarter of the district, which consists of Union Council City I and Union Council City II. There are sixteen Union councils in the district Tank. Until 1992, Tank was a tehsil within Dera Ismail Khan district.: 1  Tank is bordered with the district of Lakki Marwat in the northeast, Dera Ismail Khan in the east, FR Tank in the north and the South Waziristan district in the west. The temperature of Tank reaches 110–120 °F in summer. However, in the winter, it is normal. People of the mountainous regions of the west usually come to Tank to avoid cold weather and then return during the summer.
Perry Warjiyo
Perry Warjiyo (born 25 February 1959) is the current Governor of Bank Indonesia, Indonesia's central Bank.  His nomination for the post of Governor was approved by the Indonesian parliament on 28 March 2018. He was sworn into office on 24 May 2018, succeeding the previous Governor Agus Martowardojo.

Perry has over 30 years of experience working on central bank policy issues in Indonesia.   He has been described as a central banker who is “as battle-tested as monetary policymakers get”.  His appointment reflects the practice in Indonesia of frequently appointing professionals with strong economic and policymaking experience (often referred to as “technocrats”) to senior economic posts in government.

House of Representatives (Indonesia)
6°12′37″S 106°48′00″E﻿ / ﻿6.21028°S 106.80000°E﻿ / -6.21028; 106.80000
The House of Representatives of the Republic of Indonesia (Indonesian: Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Republik Indonesia, Indonesian pronunciation: [ˌdewan pərwaˌkilan ˈraʔjat re'publik indo'nesija], lit. 'People's Representative Council of the Republic of Indonesia', abbr. DPR-RI or simply DPR, Indonesian: [deˈpeɛr]), is one of two elected chambers of the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR), the national legislature of Indonesia. It is considered the lower house, while the Regional Representative Council (DPD) serves as the upper house; while the Indonesian constitution does not explicitly mention the divide, the DPR enjoys more power, privilege, and prestige compared to the DPD.

Members of the DPR are elected through a general election every five years. Currently, there are 580 members; an increase compared to 575 prior to the 2024 elections. Its members are called Members of Parliament (anggota dewan).
Poonilamazha
Poonilamazha is a 1997 Indian Malayalam film written and directed by Sunil. The film was produced by Bindu and Nisha under the banner of Ponthara Films and distributed by Fax Release. It stars Sanjay Mitra and Shraddha Nigam in the lead roles. This was the first ever Malayalam film shot in the Seychelles.

Sunil (director)
Sunil is an Indian film director in Malayalam movies. He has directed more than 15 Malayalam movies. His most popular movies are Maanathe Kottaram, Priyappetta Kukku, Vridhanmaare Sookshikkuka, and Alancherry Thambrakkal.

Sunil attended a film institute in Trivandrum in the early 1980s, where Adam Ayub was one of his professors.
Copa América (women's volleyball)
The Women's Volleyball Copa América is an annual international volleyball competition organized by the Confederación Sudamericana de Voleibol (CSV) for senior women's national volleyball teams of South America. It is the women's second-tier competition ranking below the Women's South American Volleyball Championship.

The creation of the Copa América was announced on 13 July 2024 by President Marco Tullio Teixeira during the 76th Ordinary Congress of the CSV in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. The tournament would feature some invited teams from the North, Central America and Caribbean Volleyball Confederation (NORCECA) and would be played annually during the dates of the FIVB Women's Volleyball Nations League, in order to give competition opportunities to the teams that do not participate in this world competition.

A corresponding tournament for male players is the Men's Volleyball Copa América.

North, Central America and Caribbean Volleyball Confederation
The North, Central America and Caribbean Volleyball Confederation (NORCECA) is the international governing body for the sport of volleyball in Northern America, Central America, and the Caribbean. NORCECA is the continental confederation that represents its 35 member associations at the International Volleyball Federation (FIVB) level. It also has six associate members: Bonaire, Saba, Saint Martin, Sint Eustatius, Sint Maarten, and the Turks and Caicos Islands. The confederation is responsible for, among other things, the staging of Olympic and World Championship zone qualification tournaments, as well as continental championships for both men and women in indoor volleyball and beach volleyball. In 2022, NORCECA celebrated its fifty-fourth (54th) anniversary.
Karabakh Shikastasi (mode)
Karabakh Shikastasi (Azerbaijani: Qarabağ şikəstəsi) — is one of the rhythmic Azerbaijani mughams. It is a macama-based segah. Musical size - 2/4. It is performed at a heavy pace. After each verse sung by the singer, a different melody (instrumental episode) is played. It is considered one of the most popular shikeste - lyrical extended songs.

"Karabakh Shikeste" was used in the opera"Asli and Kerem" of Uzeyir Hajibeyov, "Shah Ismail" of Muslim Magomayev,"Shahsenem" of Reingold Glier. The melody of this mugham is played in the 28 May metro station in Baku.

It is believed that "Karabakh shikestesi" was performed with special brilliance by the Peoples Artist of the Azerbaijan SSR Khan Shushinsky. ( listen the mugham performed by Khan Shushinskyⓘ)

Reinhold Glière
Reinhold Moritzevich Glière (born Reinhold Ernest Glier, 11 January 1875 [O.S. 30 December 1874] – 23 June 1956) was a Russian and Soviet composer of German and Polish descent. He was awarded the title of People's Artist of RSFSR (1935) and People's Artist of USSR (1938).
Landwasser Viaduct
The Landwasser Viaduct (German: Landwasserviadukt) is a single-track six-arched curved limestone railway viaduct. It spans the Landwasser between Schmitten and Filisur, in the canton of Graubünden, Switzerland.

Designed by Alexander Acatos, the Landwasser Viaduct was constructed between 1901 and 1902 by Müller & Zeerleder on behalf of the Rhaetian Railway, which both owns and operates it through to the present day. A signature structure of the World Heritage-listed Albula Railway, it is 65 metres (213 ft) high, 136 metres (446 ft) long; its southeastern abutment connects directly to the Landwasser Tunnel. During 2009, the Landwasser Viaduct underwent renovation work for the first time since its original construction.

Viaduct
A viaduct is a bridge that consists of a series of arches, piers or columns supporting a long elevated railway or road. Typically a viaduct connects two points of roughly equal elevation, allowing direct overpass across a wide valley, road, river, or other low-lying terrain features and obstacles. The term viaduct is derived from the Latin via meaning "road", and ducere meaning "to lead". It is a 19th-century derivation from an analogy with ancient Roman aqueducts. Like the Roman aqueducts, many early viaducts comprised a series of arches of roughly equal length.
Matoonas
Matoonas (? - died 1676 in Boston) (also spelled Matonas) was a sachem of the Nipmuc Indians in the middle of 17th century. He played a significant role in the Native American uprising known as King Philip's War.

Sachem
A sachem /ˈseɪtʃəm/ or sagamore /ˈsæɡəmɔːr/ is a usually male paramount chief among the Algonquians or other Native American tribes of northeastern North America, including the Iroquois. The two words are anglicizations of cognate terms (c. 1622) from different Eastern Algonquian languages. Some sources indicate the sagamore was a lesser chief elected by a single band, while the sachem was the head or representative elected by a tribe or group of bands; others suggest the two terms were interchangeable. The sachem is an appointed or elected position and not strictly hereditary. However, the choice of sachem is at least partly based on the prominence of the individual's family or kinship ties to the previous sachem.
Underground storage tank
An underground storage tank (UST) is, according to United States federal regulations, a storage tank, including any underground piping connected to the tank, that has at least 10 percent of its volume underground.

Aramid
Aramid,  or aromatic polyamide fibers are a class of strong, heat-resistant, synthetic fibers, commonly used in aerospace and military applications - e.g., ballistic-rated body armor fabric and ballistic composites, marine cordage and hull reinforcement - as a substitute for asbestos, and in lightweight consumer items, such as phone cases and tennis rackets.

Individual amide molecules forming the aramid chain polymerise in the direction of the fiber axis, lending greater structural integrity to the resulting fiber. This is due to the higher proportion of chemical bonds which contribute to the physical strength and thermal resistance (melting point >500 °C (932 °F)) versus other synthetic fibres, such as nylon.

Notable brands of aramid fiber include Kevlar, Nomex, and Twaron.
Battle of Martynów (1699)
The Battle of Martynów - took place at Martynów on 21 February 1699, ending in defeat of the Polish army. It was a battle between the armies of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Crimean Khanate.

Crimean Khanate
The Crimean Khanate, self-defined as the Throne of Crimea and Desht-i Kipchak, and in old European historiography and geography known as Little Tartary, was a Crimean Tatar state existing from 1441 to 1783. Established by Hacı I Giray in 1441.

In 1783, violating the 1774 Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca (which had guaranteed non-interference of both Russia and the Ottoman Empire in the affairs of the Crimean Khanate), the Russian Empire annexed the khanate. Among the European powers, only France came out with an open protest against this act, due to the longstanding Franco-Ottoman alliance.
The Morning After Girls
The Morning After Girls are an Australian neo-psychedelic band. The group was originally formed in Melbourne, Victoria around 2003 by founding members Sacha Lucashenko (vocals and guitar) and Martin B. Sleeman (vocals and guitar), who relocated the group to New York City in 2008. Its American lineup included Alexander White (keyboards, percussion, backing vocals), EJ Hagen (bass guitar), and John Brodeur (drums). They returned to live performances in Australia in 2017. A new full-length album scheduled for 2022 was announced on LA's KCRW.

The Warlocks
The Warlocks are an American rock band formed in Los Angeles, California, in 1998 by the guitarist/singer Bobby Hecksher. The band's music has ranged from psychedelic rock to drone music. There have been many changes in personnel since its formation, with Hecksher the only constant member.
Lou Perez (wrestler)
Lou Perez is an American professional wrestler who has competed in North American promotions including the National Wrestling Alliance and World Championship Wrestling during the late 1980s and early 1990s as well as the Puerto Rican-based promotion IWA Puerto Rico.

Although billed as the younger brother of Al Perez, Lou Perez is actually his cousin.

NWA Florida Heavyweight Championship
The NWA Florida Heavyweight Championship was a major title in Championship Wrestling from Florida and is now the major title in NWA Florida Wrestling Alliance. It started in 1937 and was abandoned in 1949. It was picked back up in 1966 by CWF and lasted until 1987 when the company was purchased by Jim Crockett Promotions. In 1988, the newly created Florida Championship Wrestling (FCW), soon renamed Pro Wrestling Federation (PWF), picked it back up in 1988 and it continued its lineage through NWA Florida, until they ceased operations in 2006. In 2009, Pro Wrestling Fusion revived the title until they left the NWA in 2011.  For several months in 2012, a new Championship Wrestling from Florida affiliated with the NWA, briefly reviving the title until NWA Florida Underground Wrestling took over the championship.
Minyichthys
Minyichthys is a circumtropical genus of pipefishes consisting of species from the Indo-Pacific and eastern and western Atlantic regions.  The genus is characterized as having a maximum standard length of about 60 mm, with two or three anal fin rays.  Minyichthys species can be differentiated from members of the closely related genus Micrognathus by their higher frequency of total subdorsal rings (seven to 11 as opposed to three to seven).

Like many other pipefishes, male members of this genus carry their young in a brood pouch underneath the tail.  These small, secretive fishes live in shallow algae or reef habitats, and in tidal pools and sheltered reef flats.  Some species are known to venture into deeper waters.

Earl S. Herald
Earl Stannard Herald (April 10, 1914 – January 16, 1973) was an American zoologist, ichthyologist and television presenter. He was born in Phoenix, Arizona, and got his Ph.D. in 1943. In 1948, he became the director of the Steinhart Aquarium in San Francisco, California, and from 1952 to 1966, he presented the popular science television programme Science in Action. Throughout his life, he studied a variety of aquatic organisms, especially pipefishes, and described many new taxa. He died in Cabo San Lucas, Baja California, in a scuba diving accident.
Kulov
Kulov is a Slovak and Kyrgyz (Cyrillic: Кулов) masculine surname. Its feminine counterpart is Kulová in Slovak and Kulova in Kyrgyz (Cyrillic: Кулова). Notable people with the surname include:

Felix Kulov (born 1948), Kyrgyz politician

Kyrgyz people
The Kyrgyz people are a Turkic ethnic group native to Central Asia. They primarily reside in Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, China, Afghanistan, and Pakistan. A Kyrgyz diaspora is also found in Russia, Tajikistan, and Kazakhstan. They speak the Kyrgyz language, which is the official language of Kyrgyzstan.

The earliest people known as "Kyrgyz" were the descendants of several Central Asian tribes, first emerging in western Mongolia around 201 BC. Modern Kyrgyz people are descended in part from the Yenisei Kyrgyz that lived in the Yenisey river valley in Siberia. The Kyrgyz people were constituents of the Tiele people, the Göktürks, and the Uyghur Khaganate before establishing the Yenisei Kyrgyz Khaganate in the 9th century, and later a Kyrgyz khanate in the 15th century.
Cheonwang-dong
Cheonwang-dong (Korean: 천왕동) is a dong, one part of Guro District, Seoul, South Korea. It is a legal dong (Korean: 법정동; Hanja: 法定洞) administered under its administrative dong (Korean: 행정동; Hanja: 行政洞), Oryu 2-dong.
Cheonwang-dong has large apartments for Seoul citizens called SHIFT which means low-cost, long period (at most 20 years) rent.

Dong (administrative division)
A dong (Korean: 동; IPA: [to̞ŋ]) or neighborhood is a submunicipal level administrative unit of a city and of those cities which are not divided into wards throughout Korea. The unit is often translated as neighborhood and has been used in administrative divisions of both North Korea and South Korea.
Farako, Ségou
Farako is a small town and rural commune in the Cercle of Ségou in the Ségou Region of southern-central Mali. The commune lies on the north bank of the Niger River and contains 11 settlements in an area of 200 square kilometers. In the 2009 census it had a population of 17,570. The town of Farako is the chef-lieu of the commune.

Farako was an important military garrison town under the Segou Empire. It was one of the main headquarters of the Bambara resistance to the Toucouleur Empire from 1862 to 1891.

Tukulor Empire
The Tukulor Empire (Arabic: الخلافة التجانية; Fula: Laamateeri Tijaani; French: Empire toucouleur; also known as the Tijaniyya Jihad state or the Segu Tukulor or the Tidjaniya Caliphate or the Umarian State) (1861–1890) was an Islamic state in the mid-nineteenth century founded by Elhadj Oumar Foutiyou Tall of the Toucouleur people of Senegal.
Perasma
Perasma (Greek: Πέρασμα, before 1926: Κουτσκοβαίνη – Koutskovaini; Bulgarian and Macedonian Slavic: Кучковени, Kučkoveni) is a village and a former municipality in Florina regional unit, West Macedonia, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Florina, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 211.023 km2. It is located in a plain, 6 km southeast of Florina. The population was 3,478 in 2021.

Western Macedonia
Western Macedonia (Greek: Δυτική Μακεδονία, romanized: Ditikí Makedonía, Greek pronunciation: [ðitiˈki makeðoˈnia]) is one of the thirteen administrative regions of Greece, consisting of the western part of Macedonia. Located in north-western Greece, it is divided into the regional units of Florina, Grevena, Kastoria, and Kozani. With a population of approximately 255,000 people, as of 2021, the region had one of the highest unemployment rates in the European Union.
Discoverer 19
Discoverer 19, also known as RM-1, was an American satellite which was launched in 1960. It was a technology demonstration spacecraft, based on an Agena-B.

The launch of Discoverer 19 occurred at 20:32 UTC on 20 December 1960. A Thor DM-21 Agena-B rocket was used, flying from Launch Complex 75-3-5 at the Vandenberg Air Force Base. Upon successfully reaching orbit, it was assigned the Harvard designation 1960 Tau 1.

Discoverer 19 was operated in a low Earth orbit, with a perigee of 206 kilometres (128 mi), an apogee of 578 kilometres (359 mi), 83.4 degrees of inclination, and a period of 92.4 minutes. The satellite had a mass of 1,060 kilograms (2,340 lb), and was used to demonstrate technology for the Midas programme, including infrared sensors.  Communication with the satellite was lost on Christmas Day 1960. It remained in orbit until 23 January 1961, when it decayed and reentered the atmosphere.

Thor-Agena
Thor-Agena was a series of orbital launch vehicles. The launch vehicles used the Douglas-built Thor first stage and the Lockheed-built Agena second stages. They are thus cousins of the more-famous Thor-Deltas, which founded the Delta rocket family.

The first attempted launch of a Thor-Agena was in January 1959. The first successful launch was on 28 February 1959, launching Discoverer 1. It was the first two-stage launch vehicle to place a satellite into orbit.
A10 autoroute
The A10, also called L'Aquitaine, is an Autoroute in France, running for 549 km (341 mi) from the A6 south of Paris to the A630 at Bordeaux. It is the longest motorway in France. It generally parallels the N10 Route Nationale, but deviates significantly from the older N10 between Paris and Tours and between Poitiers and Bordeaux. The closest Routes Nationale to those sections are the N20 from Paris to Orléans, the N152 from Orléans to Tours, the N11 from Poitiers to Niort, the N150 from Niort to Saintes, and the N137 from Saintes to Bordeaux.

All of the A10 is part of the E-road E05; it is also part of the E50 north of the A11 split near Chartres and the E60 between the junction with A19 at Artenay near Orléans and the junction with A85 at Chambray-lès-Tours near Tours. Most of the A10 is a toll road, but it is free north of the N104, near Paris, between exits 20 and 22 in Tours, and south of the N10 (exit 39), near Bordeaux.

Chambray-lès-Tours
Chambray-lès-Tours (French pronunciation: [ʃɑ̃bʁɛ lɛ tuʁ] ⓘ, literally Chambray near Tours) is a commune in the Indre-et-Loire department, central France. It is the birthplace of professional footballers Mikaël Silvestre and Adam Ounas.