hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Urey–Bigeleisen–Mayer equation
In stable isotope geochemistry, the Urey–Bigeleisen–Mayer equation, also known as the Bigeleisen–Mayer equation or the Urey model, is a model describing the approximate equilibrium isotope fractionation in an isotope exchange reaction. While the equation itself can be written in numerous forms, it is generally presented as a ratio of partition functions of the isotopic molecules involved in a given reaction. The Urey–Bigeleisen–Mayer equation is widely applied in the fields of quantum chemistry and geochemistry and is often modified or paired with other quantum chemical modelling methods (such as density functional theory) to improve accuracy and precision and reduce the computational cost of calculations.

The equation was first introduced by Harold Urey and, independently, by Jacob Bigeleisen and Maria Goeppert Mayer in 1947.

Isotope fractionation
Isotope fractionation describes fractionation processes that affect the relative abundance of isotopes, a phenomenon that occurs (and so advantage is taken of it) in the study geochemistry, biochemistry, food science,  and other fields. Normally, the focus is on stable isotopes of the same element. Isotopic fractionation can be measured by isotope analysis, using isotope-ratio mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance methods (specialised techniques,) cavity ring-down spectroscopy, etc., to measure ratios of isotopes, important tools to understand geochemical and biological systems, past and present. For example, biochemical processes cause changes in ratios of stable carbon isotopes incorporated into biomass.
The Blue Cross (short story)
"The Blue Cross" is a short story by G. K. Chesterton. It was the first Father Brown short story and also introduces the characters Hercule Flambeau and Aristide Valentin. It is unique among the Father Brown mysteries in that it does not follow the actions of the Father himself, but rather those of Valentin. It was first published on 23 July 1910, under the title "Valentin Follows a Curious Trail", in the Saturday Evening Post, Philadelphia. Re-titled as "The Blue Cross", publication in London followed, in  The Story-Teller magazine of September 1910.

The Story-Teller
The Story-Teller was a monthly British pulp fiction magazine from 1907 to 1937. The Story-Teller is notable for having published some of the works of prominent authors, including G. K. Chesterton, William Hope Hodgson, Rudyard Kipling, Katherine Mansfield, Sax Rohmer, Edgar Wallace, H. G. Wells, Oliver Onions, Bernard Capes, Hall Caine, Marjorie Bowen, E. Phillips Oppenheim, Alice and Claude Askew, and Tom Gallon.
Double Concerto (Previn)
The Double Concerto for Violin, Violoncello, and Orchestra is a 2014 composition by the German-American composer André Previn.  The work was co-commissioned by the Cincinnati Symphony Orchestra and Linton Music with financial support from Ann and Harry Santen.  It was additionally commissioned by the Austin Symphony Orchestra, the Detroit Symphony Orchestra, the Deutsche Kammerphilharmonie Bremen, the Kansas City Symphony, the Pacific Symphony, the Swedish Chamber Orchestra, and the Toronto Symphony Orchestra.  The world premiere was given by the husband/wife duo of the violinist Jaime Laredo and the cellist Sharon Robinson with the Cincinnati Symphony Orchestra under the direction of Louis Langrée in Cincinnati on November 21, 2014.  The concerto is dedicated to Jaime Laredo and Sharon Robinson.

Kansas City Symphony
The Kansas City Symphony (KCS) is an American symphony orchestra based in Kansas City, Missouri.  The orchestra is resident at the Kauffman Center for the Performing Arts.  The orchestra performs a 42-week season, and is also the accompanying orchestra for the Lyric Opera of Kansas City and the Kansas City Ballet.

The orchestra's current music director is Matthias Pintscher, as of the 2024-2025 season.  Michael Stern, the orchestra's music director from 2005 to 2024, is music director laureate of the orchestra.  Since July 2019, the orchestra's current executive director is Danny Beckley.
Joseph Ulric Vincent
Joseph Ulric Vincent, KC (died May 12, 1942) was a Canadian lawyer and civil servant. He served as Deputy Minister of National Revenue from 1914 until 1918.

A Conservative in politics, Vincent unsuccessfully contested the district of Russell in the 1911 Canadian federal election.

1911 Canadian federal election
The 1911 Canadian federal election was held on September 21, 1911, to elect members of the House of Commons of Canada of the 12th Parliament of Canada.

The central issue was Liberal support for a proposed agreement with the United States president William Howard Taft to lower tariffs. The Conservative Party denounced it with claims it would weaken ties with Britain, hurt the Canadian economy and Canadian identity, and lead to American annexation of Canada. The idea of a Canadian Navy was also an issue.

The Conservatives won, and Robert Borden became the eighth prime minister. The election ended 15 years of government by the Liberal Party of Wilfrid Laurier.
2000 Stella Artois Championships
The 2000 Stella Artois Championships was a men's tennis tournament played on grass courts at the Queen's Club in London, United Kingdom and was part of the International Series of the 2000 ATP Tour. It was the 98th edition of the tournament and was held from 12 June until 19 June 2000. Sixth-seeded Lleyton Hewitt won the singles title.

Queen's Club
The Queen's Club is a private sporting club in Barons Court, West Kensington, London, England. The club hosts the annual Queen's Club Championships grass court lawn tennis tournament (currently known as the "HSBC Championships" for sponsorship reasons). It has 28 outdoor courts and ten indoor. With two courts, it is also the national headquarters of real tennis, hosting the British Open every year except in 2020 due to the coronavirus pandemic. The Queen's Club also has rackets and squash courts; it became the headquarters for both sports after the closure of the Prince's Club in 1940.
John Douglas (lithotomist)
John Douglas (died 25 June 1743) was a lithotomist.

He was born one of the seven sons of William Douglas (d. 1705) of Baads, Edinburgh and his wife, Joan, daughter of James Mason of Park, Blantyre, and brother of Dr James Douglas, physician to the Queen.

He was for some time surgeon to the Westminster Infirmary. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1720.

Lithotomy
Lithotomy from Greek for "lithos" (stone) and "tomos" (cut), is a surgical method for removal of calculi, stones formed inside certain organs, such as the urinary tract (kidney stones), bladder (bladder stones), and gallbladder (gallstones), that cannot exit naturally through the urinary system or biliary tract. The procedure is usually performed by means of a surgical incision (therefore invasive). Lithotomy differs from lithotripsy, where the stones are crushed either by a minimally invasive probe inserted through the exit canal, or by an acoustic pulse (extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy), which is a non-invasive procedure. Because of these less invasive procedures, the use of lithotomy has decreased significantly in the modern era.
Parks and Horticulture Authority
Parks and Horticulture Authority (PHA) (Urdu: مقتدرہ باغات و باغبانی) is a Lahore District government body which controls the parks and plantings in Lahore. It works with the Lahore Development Authority in many ways. It maintains all the public parks and horticulture in Lahore. It was established in September 1998. It is a merged body of horticulture departments in Lahore Development Authority and Metropolitan Corporation Lahore.

In August 2024, Ghazali Saleem Butt, member of the Provincial Assembly of the Punjab was appointed as chairperson/chairman PHA Lahore.

Lahore District
Lahore District is a district within the Lahore Division of Punjab, Pakistan, consisting of the provincial capital of Lahore and surrounding areas. It is the most populous district of Pakistan, with a population of 12.9 million in 2023.

The total area is 1,772 square kilometres (684 sq mi). Before 1976, Lahore district was composed of 3 tehsils - Lahore, Kasur and Chunian, but in 1976, Kasur and Chunian tehsils became Kasur District, separate from Lahore District. The remaining area was then sub-divided into 5 tehsils - Lahore, Lahore Cantonment, Model Town, Raiwind and Shalimar.

On 27 August 2024, the Punjab Government announced the creation of five new tehsils - Wagah, Ravi, Nishtar, Iqbal Town and Saddar. Total number of its tehsils now stands at ten.
Stauffer syndrome
Stauffer syndrome is a constellation of signs and symptoms of liver dysfunction that arises due to presence of renal cell carcinoma, and, more rarely, in connection with other malignant neoplasms, though the specific pathogenesis is currently unknown.  The hepatic abnormalities are not due to tumor infiltration of the liver or intrinsic liver disease; they instead reflect the presence of a paraneoplastic syndrome.

Stauffer syndrome causes abnormal liver function tests, especially those that reflect the presence of cholestasis, i.e. abnormal bile flow. Hepatosplenomegaly may also be observed. The symptoms and signs resolve if the renal cell carcinoma (or another associated tumor) is successfully ablated. It is due to release of IL-6 from cancerous cell.

The syndrome is named for Dr. Maurice H. Stauffer, a gastroenterologist at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota. Stauffer first characterized the syndrome in 1961, with the original name of "nephrogenic hepatomegaly".

Interleukin 6
Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is an interleukin that acts as both a pro-inflammatory cytokine and an anti-inflammatory myokine. In humans, it is encoded by the IL6 gene.

In addition, osteoblasts secrete IL-6 to stimulate osteoclast formation.  Smooth muscle cells in the tunica media of many blood vessels also produce IL-6 as a pro-inflammatory cytokine.  IL-6's role as an anti-inflammatory myokine is mediated through its inhibitory effects on TNF and IL-1 and its activation of IL-1ra and IL-10.

There is some early evidence that IL-6 can be used as an inflammatory marker for severe COVID-19 infection with poor prognosis, in the context of the wider coronavirus pandemic.
H. C. Ogden House
H. C. Ogden House, also known as the Wise-Ogden House, is a historic home located at Wheeling, Ohio County, West Virginia. It was built in 1893, and is a 2+1⁄2-story, T-shaped, Queen Anne-style frame dwelling.  It features a deep, full-width front porch with Doric order columns, a round tower with domed roof, and coursed wood shingles.  The house has 5 bedrooms, 4 bathrooms, 1 half-bath, 1 kitchen, and 9 additional rooms.  The house was built for Herschel Coombs Ogden (1869-1943), a publisher, community leader, and businessman significant in the history of West Virginia.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.  It is located in the Woodsdale-Edgwood Neighborhood Historic District.

Ohio County, West Virginia
Ohio County is a county located in the Northern Panhandle of the U.S. state of West Virginia, and forms part of the Wheeling metropolitan area. As of the 2020 census, the population was 42,425. Its county seat is Wheeling. The county was formed in 1776 from the District of West Augusta, Virginia. It was named for the Ohio River, which forms its western boundary with the state of Ohio. West Liberty (formerly Black's Cabin) was designated as the county seat in 1777, serving to 1797.
Einang Sound Bridge
The Einang Sound Bridge (Norwegian: Einangsundet bru) is a road bridge in Vestre Slidre Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The bridge crosses the Einang Sound and Slidre Fjord, and it is a branch of Norwegian County Road 261 connecting it to European route E16. The bridge is a suspension bridge with three spans creating a total length of 166 meters (545 ft). The bridge was built in 1963.

European route E16
European route E16 is the designation of a main west–east road through Northern Ireland, Scotland, Norway and Sweden, from Derry to Gävle, via Belfast, Glasgow, Edinburgh, previously by ferry to Bergen, Voss, through the Gudvanga Tunnel and the Lærdal Tunnel (the world's longest road tunnel), Lærdal, over Filefjell to Fagernes, Hønefoss, Gardermoen and Kongsvinger. In Sweden, it passes Malung, Falun and ends in Gävle.
Radical retropubic prostatectomy
Radical retropubic prostatectomy is a surgical procedure in which the prostate gland is removed through an incision in the abdomen (in comparison with perineal prostatectomy, done through the perineum). It is most often used to treat individuals who have early prostate cancer. Radical retropubic prostatectomy can be performed under general, spinal, or epidural anesthesia and requires blood transfusion less than one-fifth of the time. Radical retropubic prostatectomy is associated with complications such as urinary incontinence and impotence, but these outcomes are related to a combination of individual patient anatomy, surgical technique, and the experience and skill of the surgeon.

Stress incontinence
Stress incontinence, also known as stress urinary incontinence (SUI) or effort incontinence is a form of urinary incontinence. It is due to inadequate closure of the bladder outlet by the urethral sphincter.
Veraval
Veraval, also known as Somnath, is a coastal city and the headquarters of Gir Somnath district in the Indian state of Gujarat. Somnath temple, a place of pilgrimage due to its importance as one of the 12 Jyotirlinga sites dedicated to the Hindu deity Shiva, is located here. It is also known for the hub of fishing industries in India.

Junagadh
Junagadh (જૂનાગઢⓘ) is the city and headquarters of Junagadh district in the Indian state of Gujarat. Located at the foot of the Girnar hills, 355 kilometres (221 mi) southwest of Ahmedabad and Gandhinagar (the state capital), it is the seventh largest city in the state.

Literally translated, Junagadh means "Old Fort". It was a part of Saurashtra state and later Bombay state. In 1960, in consequence of the Maha Gujarat movement, it became part of the newly formed Gujarat state.
The Nothing Factory
The Nothing Factory (Portuguese: A Fábrica de Nada) is a 2017 Portuguese drama film directed by Pedro Pinho, whose prior works were documentaries. It was screened in the Directors' Fortnight section at the 2017 Cannes Film Festival and the Bright Future section at the International Film Festival Rotterdam. At Cannes it won the FIPRESCI Prize.

Directors' Fortnight
The Directors' Fortnight (French: Quinzaine des cinéastes, formerly Quinzaine des réalisateurs) is an independent section held in parallel to the Cannes Film Festival. It was started in 1969 by the French Directors Guild after the events of May 1968 resulted in cancellation of the Cannes festival as an act of solidarity with striking workers.

The Directors' Fortnight showcases a programme of shorts and feature films and documentaries worldwide.
Total Experience Records
Total Experience Records was a record label founded by Lonnie Simmons. Its two major acts were The Gap Band and Yarbrough & Peoples. It originally began in 1975 as a production company with the first release being a 45 with the Semper led group New Experience on Ariola Records.  By the fall of 1978, the production company signed a label deal with Mercury Records, before Simmons decided to transform the production company into a label in 1981. From its inception in 1981 to late 1983, Total Experience was a subsidiary label of Mercury's parent company, PolyGram. In 1984, the label became independent, changing its distribution from PolyGram to RCA Records.

Charlie Wilson (singer)
Charles Kent Wilson (born January 29, 1953), also known as Uncle Charlie, is an American singer, songwriter, and record producer who served as lead vocalist for the Gap Band from its 1967 formation until its 2010 disbandment. As a solo act, Wilson has been nominated for 13 Grammy Awards and 11 NAACP Image Awards (including two wins), received a 2009 Soul Train Icon Award, and was a recipient of a BMI Icon Award in 2005. In 2009 and 2020, he was named Billboard magazine's No. 1 Adult R&B Artist, and his song "There Goes My Baby" was named the No. 1 Urban Adult Song for 2009 in Billboard.

On June 30, 2013, BET honored Wilson with a Lifetime Achievement Award. Wilson is the national spokesman of the Prostate Cancer Foundation, where there is a Creativity Award in his name. The organization donates hundreds of thousands of dollars a year to cancer research across the United States.
Ambrose Nicholas
Sir Ambrose Nicholas (died 1578) was the Lord Mayor of London in 1575. He was a salter by profession.

In 2015 his body was mistakenly confirmed as having been interred in the Bethlem burial ground, which was excavated as part of the development of Crossrail, west of Liverpool Street station, London. His name was not included on the 'Bedlam Burial Register'. In his will, proved 31 May 1578, Sir Ambrose Nicholas requested that his body was to be buried within the parish church of St Mildred, Bread Street.

Worshipful Company of Salters
The Worshipful Company of Salters is one of the Great Twelve City Livery Companies, ranking 9th in order of precedence.

An ancient merchant guild associated with the salt trade, the Salters' Company originated in London as the Guild of Corpus Christi.
Osteobrama cunma
Osteobrama cunma is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish from the carp and minnow family, the Cyprinidae. It occurs in the drainage of the River Chindwin in Manipur, India and Myanmar. It was formerly considered a subspecies of the more widespread Osteobrama cotio.

This species has a deep, laterally compressed body with a steep dorsal profile. 48 scales on the lateral line with 9 scale rows between the base of the dorsal fin and the lateral line and 8 scale rows between the pelvic fin and the lateral line. It has a ventral keel which runs from the origin of the pelvic fin to the anal fin, being rounded in front of the pelvic fin. It is silvery in colour shading to olive dorsally.

Lateral line
The lateral line, also called the lateral line organ, is a system of sensory organs found in fish, used to detect movement, vibration, and pressure gradients in the surrounding water. The sensory ability is achieved via modified epithelial cells, known as hair cells, which respond to displacement caused by motion and transduce these signals into electrical impulses via excitatory synapses. Lateral lines play an important role in schooling behavior, predation, and orientation.

Early in the evolution of fish, some of the sensory organs of the lateral line were modified to function as the electroreceptors called ampullae of Lorenzini. The lateral line system is ancient and basal to the vertebrate clade, as it is found in fishes that diverged over 400 million years ago.
Army Geospatial Center
The Army Geospatial Center (AGC) (formerly Topographic Engineering Center (TEC), part of the ERDC) is a Major Subordinate Command of the United States Army Corps of Engineers. It is located in Alexandria, Virginia, within the Humphreys Engineering Center adjacent to the Fort Belvoir military reservation.

The AGC reportedly coordinates, integrates, and synchronizes geospatial information and standards across the Army, develops and fields geospatial enterprise-enabled systems and capabilities to the Army and the Department of Defense, and provides direct geospatial support and products to Warfighters.  Its Geospatial Research and Engineering Division, an Engineer Research and Development Center asset, conducts research and development into geospatial data collection, processing, exploitation, and dissemination in support of both civilian missions and missions of U.S. ground forces.

Geographic data and information
Geographic data and information is defined in the ISO/TC 211 series of standards as data and information having an implicit or explicit association with a location relative to Earth (a geographic location or geographic position). It is also called geospatial data and information, georeferenced data and information, as well as geodata and geoinformation.

Geographic data and information is stored in geographic databases and geographic information systems (GIS).
There are many different formats of geodata, including vector files, raster files, web files, and multi-temporal data.

Spatial data or spatial information is broader class of data whose geometry is relevant but it is not necessarily georeferenced, such as in computer-aided design (CAD), see geometric modeling.
Team Ninja
Team Ninja (Japanese: チームニンジャ) is a Japanese video game developer and a division of Koei Tecmo. It was founded in 1995 as Tecmo Creative #3, a division of Tecmo headed by Tomonobu Itagaki. It is best known for its expertise in action games as well as its signature franchises such as the Ninja Gaiden, Dead or Alive and Nioh series.

Virtua Fighter
Virtua Fighter is a series of fighting games created by Sega AM2 and designer Yu Suzuki. The original Virtua Fighter was released in December 1993 and has received four main sequels and several spin-offs. The highly influential first Virtua Fighter game is widely recognized as the first 3D fighting game released.
Dead End in Norvelt
Dead End in Norvelt is an autobiographical novel by the American author Jack Gantos, published by Farrar, Straus, and Giroux in 2011. It features a boy named Jack Gantos and is based in the author's hometown, Norvelt, Pennsylvania. According to one reviewer, the "real hero" is "his home town and its values", a "defiantly political" message.

The American Library Association awarded Gantos and Dead End the 2012 Newbery Medal, honoring the book as the year's "most distinguished contribution to American literature for children". It also won the annual Scott O'Dell Award for Historical Fiction. In Britain, where it was published by the Transworld Publishers imprint Corgi Books, it was one of eight books on the longlist for the annual Guardian Children's Fiction Prize.

Newbery medal judges called the book "achingly funny" and one British reviewer called it "rib-splitting".

Guardian Children's Fiction Prize
The Guardian Children's Fiction Prize or Guardian Award was a literary award that annually recognised one fiction book written for children or young adults (at least age eight) and published in the United Kingdom. It was conferred upon the author of the book by The Guardian newspaper, which established it in 1965 and inaugurated it in 1967 (1967). It was a lifetime award in that previous winners were not eligible. At least from 2000 the prize was £1,500. The prize was apparently discontinued after 2016 (2016), though no formal announcement appears to have been made.
City of Fantasy
City of Fantasy (Chinese: 奇妙世纪; pinyin: Qímiào shìjì) China's first original urban fantasy unit drama co-created by crying film and television and produced by Youku. Directed by Heng Liang and Limbo, starring Huang Jue, Nan Sheng, and Li Xian.

Urban fantasy
Urban fantasy is a subgenre of fantasy, placing supernatural elements in a contemporary urban-affected setting. The combination provides the writer with a platform for classic fantasy tropes, quixotic plot-elements, and unusual characters—without demanding the creation of an entire imaginary world.

Precursors of urban fantasy are found in popular fiction of the 19th century and the present use of the term dates back to the 1970s. Much of its audience was established in the 1930s–50s with the success of light supernatural fare in film and, later, television. The genre's current publishing popularity began in 1980s North America, as writers and publishers were encouraged by the success of Stephen King and Anne Rice.