hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Criminal Appeal Reports
The Criminal Appeal Reports are a series of law reports of decisions of the Court of Criminal Appeal, the criminal division of the Court of Appeal and the House of Lords from 15 May 1908 onwards.

They are published by Sweet & Maxwell. Publication began in 1909 and have been edited by Daniel Janner since 1994. As of 2008, they were published ten times per year.

For the purpose of citation, their name may be abbreviated to "Cr App R", or to "CAR".

Glanville Williams criticised the layout of the index in each volume of these reports.

Volume 1 contains, in addition to the reports, a copy of the Criminal Appeal Act 1907, sections 9(5) and (6) of the Costs in Criminal Cases Act 1908, the Criminal Appeal (Amendment) Act 1908, section 11 of the Prevention of Crime Act 1908 and section 99(6) of the Children Act 1908 (8 Edw. 7. c. 67).

Daniel Janner
The Hon. Daniel Joseph Mitchell Janner KC (born 27 April 1957) is a British King's Counsel, specialising in criminal law. He is the founder of the FAIR (Falsely Accused Individuals for Reform) campaign, through which he has played a key role in pushing for legislation to give anonymity to those accused of sex offences.
Treaty of Kremmen
The Treaty of Kremmen was signed on 20 June 1236 by Duke Wartislaw III of Pomerania, recognizing the seigniory of the Brandenburg margraves over his Duchy of Pomerania-Demmin, and ceding the terrae Stargard, Wustrow and Beseritz to Brandenburg.

Penzlin
Penzlin (German pronunciation: [ˈpɛntsliːn] ⓘ) is a town in the Mecklenburgische Seenplatte district, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. It is situated 13 km southwest of Neubrandenburg, and 27 km east of Waren. In July 2008 it absorbed the former municipality Alt Rehse, in June 2009 the former municipalities Groß Vielen, Groß Flotow, Marihn and Mollenstorf, in January 2011 Klein Lukow and in January 2012 Mallin.
Zumarraga, Samar
Zumarraga, officially the Municipality of Zumarraga (Waray: Bungto han Zumarraga; Tagalog: Bayan ng Zumarraga), is an island municipality in the province of  Samar , Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 16,279 people.

It is formerly known as Buad, Rawis, and Kawayan. The town itself, notably its downtown area, is considered by many heritage scholars as a heritage zone due to the many heritage houses within its vicinity. The local government unit is currently conserving the history and traditions of the town.

The town is also famous for two alcoholic beverages: kinutil (tubâ or coconut wine with egg yolk) and dubado (tubâ with melted tablea).

Samar (province)
Samar, officially the Province of Samar (Waray: Probinsya han Samar; Tagalog: Lalawigan ng Samar), or also known as Western Samar, is a province in the Philippines located in the Eastern Visayas region. Its capital is the city of Catbalogan while Calbayog is the most populous city in the province. It is bordered by Northern Samar, Eastern Samar, Leyte and Leyte Gulf, and includes several islands in the Samar Sea. Samar is connected to the island of Leyte via the San Juanico Bridge.

In 1768, Leyte and modern Samar were created out of the historical province of Samar.  In 1965, Northern and Eastern Samar were created.

Fishing and agriculture are the major economic activities in the province.

On 8 November 2013, the province was significantly damaged by Typhoon Yolanda (Haiyan), particularly the towns of Basey, Marabut and Santa Rita.
Aliaksandr Bury
Aliaksandr Ivanavich Bury (Belarusian: Аляксандр Іванавіч Буры; Russian: Александр Иванович Бурый; also spelt Alexander Bury), (born 14 September 1987) is a Belarusian inactive professional tennis player who competed mainly on the ATP Challenger Tour and ITF Futures, both in singles and doubles.

He has won one doubles title at ATP World Tour with Denis Istomin.

Bury reached his highest ATP singles ranking, No. 366 on 10 February 2014, and his highest ATP doubles ranking, No. 59, on 19 October 2015.

Bury has represented Belarus at Davis Cup, where he has a win–loss record of 8–5.

Belarus Davis Cup team
The Belarus men's national tennis team represented Belarus in Davis Cup tennis competition until it was suspended in 2022, due to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. They are governed by the Belarus Tennis Association. In 2007, Belarus were defeated in the 2007 Davis Cup World Group play-offs by Peru, and therefore was relegated from the World Group.

Belarus was suspended in 2022, due to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.
Grand Bay
Grand Bay is the name of more than one place:

Communities

Grand Bay, Alabama, United States

Grand Bay, Dominica (officially known as Berekua)

Grand Bay, Grenada, a village in Carriacou island

Grand Bay, Mauritius

Grand Bay–Westfield, New Brunswick, Canada

Grand Bay (Newfoundland and Labrador), Canada

Water bodies

Grand Bay (Georgia), a swamp in the United States

Grand Bay (New Brunswick), Canada

Political constituencies

Grand Bay (Dominica constituency), electoral district in Dominica

Grand Bay (Dominica constituency)
Grand Bay is a parliamentary electoral district in Dominica. It includes the areas of Grand Bay, Bordieux and Montine. It came into effect in time for the 1975 Dominican general election. It has been represented by Vince Henderson of the Dominica Labour Party since the 2021 by-election.
Il Cartaginese
Il Cartaginese was a newspaper published in the British protectorate of Malta between 1804 and 1805. At the time of its issue, it was the only periodical publication in Malta. Il Cartaginese was preceded by L'Argo (1804) and it was succeeded by the Giornale di Malta (1812–1813).

The newspaper was edited by Vittorio Barzoni and Gavino Bonavita, and it focused on foreign news. Its publication was controlled by the government, and it contained anti-French propaganda. The newspaper was usually eight pages long and it sometimes had a supplement. A total of 15 issues were made, each having a circulation of between 400 and 1000 copies. The newspaper was not successful, possibly due to poor literacy levels.

Copies of the publication are now preserved at the National Library of Malta.

Malta Protectorate
Malta Protectorate (Italian: Protettorato di Malta, Maltese: Protettorat ta' Malta) was the political term for Malta when it was a British protectorate. The protectorate existed between the capitulation of the French forces in Malta in 1800 and the transformation of the islands to the Crown Colony of Malta in 1813.
Brother Bear 2
Brother Bear 2 is a 2006 American animated direct-to-video musical comedy film and the sequel to Disney Animation's 2003 film  Brother Bear. Melissa Etheridge contributed three songs to the film. In the film, the adventures of bear brothers Kenai and Koda continue. While the first film dealt with Kenai's relationship with Koda, this one focuses more on his bond with a young human from his past, Nita. It was released on August 29, 2006.

Jeremy Suarez, Rick Moranis, Dave Thomas, and Michael Clarke Duncan reprised their roles, with Patrick Dempsey replacing Joaquin Phoenix as Kenai. As heard in the first trailer, Jason Marsden was initially cast as Kenai before being replaced by Dempsey. The end credits still note Marsden as one of the additional voices. Jason Raize, the voice of Denahi in the first film, had died in 2004, and his character therefore does not appear in the film.

Producer Jim Ballantine was removed from the project and replaced with Carolyn Bates.

Jim Ballantine (producer)
James Ballantine (born August 30, 1955) is an American film producer who is credited on multiple animated features and TV series, and whose first animation job was a production assistant on Disney's The Little Mermaid.

Ballantine's credits at Nickelodeon and DisneyToon Studios include The Ren & Stimpy Show (1991–95), DisneyToon Studios' Bambi II (2006),(also 2006), and the Rayman series.

Ballantine was nominated for an Emmy Award in both 1993 and 1994 for his work on The Ren & Stimpy Show. He was in charge of production at Acme Filmworks in 2005–06.
Karaekşi Nature Park
Karaekşi Nature Park (Turkish: Karaekşi Tabiat Parkı or  more formally, Karaekşi Nature Park and Trout Hatchery Turkish: Karaekşi Tabiat Parkı ve Alabalık Üretme İstasyonu) is  a nature park in Mersin Province, Turkey

The nature park situated  in Hacınuhlu village of Mut ilçe (district) in Mersin Province at 36°40′46″N 33°28′01″E﻿ / ﻿36.67944°N 33.46694°E﻿ / 36.67944; 33.46694. Its distance to Mut is about 7 km (4.3 mi). It was declared a nature park by the Ministry of Forest and Water Management in 2011. It covers an area of 8.5 ha (21 acres). The park is in a forest of plane trees and Turkish pines. It stretches along a creek flowing into Göksu River. There are trout ponds, restaurants, children parks, a parking lot etc. in Karaekşi.

Mersin Province
Mersin Province (Turkish: Mersin ili), formerly İçel Province (İçel ili), is a province and metropolitan municipality in southern Turkey, on the Mediterranean coast between Antalya and Adana. Its area is 16,010 km2, and its population is 1,916,432 (2022). The provincial capital and the biggest city in the province is Mersin, which is composed of four municipalities and district governorates: Akdeniz, Mezitli, Toroslar and Yenişehir. Next largest is Tarsus, the birthplace of Paul the Apostle. The province is considered to be a part of the geographical, economical and cultural region of Çukurova, which covers the provinces of Mersin, Adana, Osmaniye and Hatay.
New York Dream Center
The New York Dream Center is a church in New York City which was founded in the summer of 2008 as an offshoot of the LA Dream Center church.  The church's current pastors are Stella Reed and her husband Brad Reed who also serves as the church's manager.  Both were formerly part of the LA Dream Center's leadership.  The church currently has 501(c)(3) non-profit status.

501(c) organization
A 501(c) organization is a nonprofit organization in the federal law of the United States according to Internal Revenue Code (26 U.S.C. § 501(c)). Such organizations are exempt from some federal income taxes. Sections 503 through 505 set out the requirements for obtaining such exemptions. Many states refer to Section 501(c) for definitions of organizations exempt from state taxation as well. 501(c) organizations can receive unlimited contributions from individuals, corporations, and unions.

For example, a nonprofit organization may be tax-exempt under section 501(c)(3) if its primary activities are charitable, religious, educational, scientific, literary, testing for public safety, fostering amateur sports competition, or preventing cruelty to children or animals.
Chionodes lugubrella
Chionodes lugubrella is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. The geographical distribution of this species extends throughout Europe (species not found in Ireland, Great Britain, the Benelux, the Iberian Peninsula, the Balkan Peninsula, Slovakia and Ukraine), into the Caucasus, Siberia and the Russian Far East. It is also found in North America.

The wingspan is 14–18 mm. Adults moths in Sweden are in flight from June to August.

The larvae feed on Dorycnium pentaphyllum, Trifolium repens, Vicia cracca and Lotus species.

Nelumbo nucifera
Nelumbo nucifera, also known as Padma (Sanskrit: पद्म, romanized: Padma, lit. 'Lotus') or Kamala (Sanskrit: कमल, lit. 'Lotus'), sacred lotus, pink lotus, Indian lotus, or simply lotus, is one of two extant species of aquatic plant in the family Nelumbonaceae. It is sometimes colloquially called a water lily, though this more often refers to members of the family Nymphaeaceae. The lotus belongs in the order Proteales.
National Shrine of Saint Anne (Philippines)
The National Shrine and Parish of Saint Anne, commonly known as Santa Ana Shrine or Hagonoy Church, is an 18th-century, Baroque Roman Catholic church located in Brgy. Santo Niño, Hagonoy, Bulacan, Philippines. The parish church, dedicated to Saint Anne, is under the jurisdiction of the Diocese of Malolos. It was declared a National Shrine in 1991. In 1981, the National Historical Institute, a precursor to the National Historical Commission of the Philippines, installed as a marker of the brief history with the church.

National Historical Commission of the Philippines
The National Historical Commission of the Philippines (NHCP; Filipino: Pambansang Komisyong Pangkasaysayan ng Pilipinas) is a government agency of the Philippines. Its mission is "the promotion of Philippine history and cultural heritage through research, dissemination, conservation, sites management and heraldry works." As such, it "aims to inculcate awareness and appreciation of the noble deeds and ideals of our heroes and other illustrious Filipinos, to instill pride in the Filipino people and to rekindle the Filipino spirit through the lessons of history."
Borbo lugens
Borbo lugens, the lesser horned swift or lesser horned skipper, is a butterfly of the family Hesperiidae. It is found in eastern Africa and South Africa. The habitat consists of grassy clearings in dense woodland and forests.

The wingspan is 30–35 mm for males and 36–38 mm for females. Adults are on wing year-round, but are more common from October to May in southern Africa.

The larvae feed on Ehrharta erecta, Setaria sulcata, Setaria megaphylla, Panicum (including Panicum deustrum), Stipa and Pennisetum species.

Ehrharta erecta
Ehrharta erecta is a species of grass commonly known as panic veldtgrass. The species is native to Southern Africa and Yemen. It is a documented invasive species in the United States, New Zealand, Australia, southern Europe and China.

The species is perennial, and normally grows to about 30 to 50 centimeters, although it may reach two meters in height. It will grow in a wide variety of habitats, even in shade.

The species has been used for birdseed, and in ecological restoration such as dune stabilization. However, it has become an invasive weed in many parts of the world. It flowers and seeds throughout the year, and its seeds germinate rapidly, forming new plants in only a few weeks.

In Ireland, E. erecta was first recorded in the 18th century, but there are earlier records from Great Britain.
Plagiobothrys greenei
Plagiobothrys greenei is a species of flowering plant in the borage family known by the common name Greene's popcornflower. It is native to Oregon and northern California, where it grows in moist woodland and grassland habitat. It is an annual herb with a spreading or erect stem growing 10 to 40 centimeters long. The leaves along the stem are 1 to 5 centimeters long and the herbage is coated in rough hairs. The inflorescence is a series of tiny flowers with white five-lobed corollas no more than 3 millimeters wide. The fruit is a minute nutlet with a surface covered in long prickles.

Boraginaceae
Boraginaceae, the borage or forget-me-not family, has two significantly different circumscriptions as of December 2025. In the narrower circumscription, Boraginaceae sensu stricto is one of 11 families placed in the order Boraginales and includes about 90–120 genera. This approach was developed by the Boraginales Working Group. In the older, broader circumscription, Boraginaceae sensu lato is the only family in the order Boraginales, and includes about 155 genera.
Katsura River
The Katsura River (桂川, Katsura-gawa) is a tributary of the Yodo River in the Kyoto Prefecture, Honshu island, Japan.

Traditionally it was regarded as the Western border of Kyoto city (in the East it was the Kamo River).

The river rises near the Sasari mountain pass, close to the city of Nantan.

It emerges from the mountains and expands into a shallow, slow-flowing river until Togetsukyo Bridge in Arashiyama. From that point forward, the river is referred to as the Katsura River, and its flow continues for several kilometers through Kyoto Prefecture until it joins the Kamo and Uji rivers.

The Katsura River area features some of the oldest shrines in Kyoto and Japan, such as Matsuo Shrine, and, as a counterpoint to the channelled Kamo River, supports acres of agricultural area on its flood plain. It also is known for its summer supply of ayu.

Matsunoo Taisha
Matsunoo Taisha (松尾大社; Matsunoo Taisha/ Matsuo Taisha), formerly Matsunoo Jinja (松尾神社), is a Shinto shrine located at the far western end of Shijō Street, approximately 1.3 kilometers south of the Arashiyama district of Kyoto. It is home to a spring at the base of the mountain, Arashiyama, that is believed to be blessed.

It is said that during the move of the capital from Nara to Kyoto, a noble saw a turtle bathing under the spring's waterfall and created a shrine there. It is one of the oldest shrines in the Kyoto area, with its origins dating back to 700. The restorative properties of the spring draw many local sake and miso companies to the shrine to pray that their products will be blessed.

The shrine also serves gold leaf sake (金箔神酒, kinpaku miki) on New Year's Day for hatsumōde.
Breakdown (Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers song)
"Breakdown" is the first single from Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers' self-titled debut album. It became a top 40 hit in the United States and Canada.

Played live, Petty sometimes incorporated "Breakdown" with Ray Charles's "Hit the Road Jack". A live recording of this variation appears on The Live Anthology.

The Live Anthology
The Live Anthology is a live box set by American rock band Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers. The box set was released by Reprise Records on November 23, 2009, in a number of formats, with the standard CD and download formats, composed of 48 tracks (on 4 discs).

The album's cover artwork and packaging was designed by Shepard Fairey.
Gruben/Meiden
Gruben/Meiden (1,818 m) is a village in the Swiss Alps, located in the canton of Valais. It is situated in the upper Turtmanntal and is traversed by the Turtmanna river. It belongs to the municipality of Oberems and is the main settlement in the valley south of the town of Oberems. The village is inhabited in summer only.

Turtmann
Turtmann (French: Tourtemagne) is a former municipality in the district of Leuk in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.  The municipalities of Turtmann and Unterems merged on 1 January 2013 into the new municipality of Turtmann-Unterems.
Francis Winnington (Droitwich MP)
Francis Winnington (1704 – c.1754) of Broadway was an English politician and barrister.

Francis was the son of Francis Winnington of Broadway, the second son of Sir Francis Winnington. He matriculated at Trinity College, Oxford on 29 March 1721, at the age of 17, and was called to the bar at the Middle Temple on 9 February 1728. From 1733 to 1747, he was Solicitor to the Admiralty, before resigning the post to enter Parliament.

He sat as MP for Droitwich from 1747 to 1754. His marriage to Susannah Courtney or Courtenay left no children. His brother was Edward Winnington and his nephew Sir Edward Winnington, 1st Baronet.

Broadway, Worcestershire
Broadway is a large village and civil parish in the Cotswolds, England, with a population of 2,540 at the 2011 census. It is in the far southeast of Worcestershire, close to the Gloucestershire border, midway between Evesham and Moreton-in-Marsh.
It is sometimes referred to as the "Jewel of the Cotswolds".

Broadway village lies beneath Fish Hill on the western Cotswold escarpment. The "broad way" is the wide grass-fringed main street, centred on the Green, which is lined with red chestnut trees and honey-coloured Cotswold limestone buildings, many dating from the 16th century. It is known for its association with the Arts and Crafts movement, and is in an area of outstanding scenery and conservation. The wide High Street is lined with a wide variety of shops and cafes, many housed in listed buildings.
I'm Leaning on You
"I'm Leaning on You" is a song performed by American contemporary Christian music singer Crowder featuring Riley Clemmons. It was released on February 14, 2020, as the fourth single from his third studio album, I Know a Ghost (2018). Crowder co-wrote the song with Brenton Brown, Chris McClarney and Hank Bentley.

"I'm Leaning on You" peaked at No. 19 on the US Hot Christian Songs chart.

Chris McClarney
Christopher Andrew McClarney (born November 30, 1979) is an American contemporary Christian musician. He released the independently made album Love Never Fails in 2008. His first release with Kingsway Music was an EP released in 2010, Introducing Chris McClarney. The first studio album, Defender, was released later in 2010 by Kingsway Music. The next release, a live album, Everything and Nothing Less, released on June 9, 2015 by Jesus Culture Music alongside Sparrow Records.
Atlantic Islands of Galicia National Park
The Atlantic Islands of Galicia National Park (Galician: Parque Nacional das Illas Atlánticas de Galicia, Spanish: Parque Nacional de las Islas Atlánticas de Galicia) is the only national park located in the province of Pontevedra, in the autonomous community of Galicia, Spain. It comprises the archipelagos of Cíes, Ons, Sálvora and Cortegada. The park covers a land area of 1,200 ha (3,000 acres) and a sea area of 7,200 ha (18,000 acres). It is the tenth most visited national park in Spain. It was the thirteenth national park to be established in Spain. Since 2021 it has been designated as a protected Ramsar site.

Ramsar site
A Ramsar site is a wetland site designated to be of international importance under the Ramsar Convention, also known as "The Convention on Wetlands",  an international environmental treaty signed on 2 February 1971 in Ramsar, Iran, under the auspices of UNESCO. It came into force on 21 December 1975, when it was ratified by a sufficient number of nations. It provides for national action and international cooperation regarding the conservation of wetlands, and wise sustainable use of their resources. Ramsar treaty participants meet regularly to identify and agree to protect "Wetlands of International Importance", especially those providing waterfowl habitat.

As of January 2026, there are 2,520 Ramsar sites around the world, which protect 253,075,668 hectares (625,363,590 acres), and 172 national governments participate in the convention.
Malmin Palloseura
Malmin Palloseura (abbreviated as MPS) is a Helsinki-based football club that was formed in Malmi, Helsinki in 1948. The club's first team has been playing mostly in the Second and Third Divisions. Currently the team plays in the Kakkonen which is the third tier of the Finnish football system. MPS plays its home games at Siltamäki, Tapuli, Tapanila and Pukinmäki sports parks.

Tapanila
Tapanila (Swedish: Mosabacka) is a neighbourhood in Malmi district, Helsinki. Tapanila has approximately 5474 inhabitants (2005). Tapanila has its own railway station.

It is known that there were few farm houses in Tapanila already in the 16th century. Back then Tapanila was one of the biggest villages in Helsinki area. In 1862, railroad between Hämeenlinna and Tapanila was built. Tapanila was largely rebuilt  from 1910–1935 based on Letchworth Garden City in England, the first in the Garden city movement.  The area was annexed to Helsinki in 1946.

There is also Franzén's cottage in Tapanila, where the Finnish national author Aleksis Kivi lived in 1870. The cottage was built as employee's housing for railroad guards. In 1870 it was residence of Anders Gustav Franzen and now it is known as Franzen's croft (Finnish: Franzenin torppa); see article "Allotment system" for the explanation of the latter term.