hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Yuhua Wang
Yuhua Wang (Chinese: 王裕华) is a Chinese-American political scientist who researches comparative politics, taking the history of China as a sample to explore the significance of the construction of "state capacity" for state and social development. His 2022 book, The Rise and Fall of Imperial China, won the Luebbert Best Book Award in Comparative Politics from the American Political Science Association. Currently, he is the Ford Foundation Professor of Modern China Studies in the Department of Government at Harvard University whose research focuses on the politics of state-building. Wang was named a Harvard College professor in 2025.

State capacity
State capacity is the ability of a government to accomplish policy goals, either generally or in reference to specific aims. More narrowly, state capacity often refers to the ability of a state to collect taxes, enforce law and order, and provide services to the public.

A state that lacks capacity is defined as a fragile state or, in a more extreme case, a failed state. Higher state capacity has been strongly linked to long-term economic development, as state capacity can establish law and order, private property rights, and external defense, as well as support development by establishing a competitive market, transportation infrastructure, and mass education.
Communesin B
Communesin B is a cytotoxic chemical compound isolated from Penicillium strains found on the marine alga Ulva intestinalis. It exhibits cytotoxicity in vitro against human lung carcinoma, prostate carcinoma, colorectal carcinoma, cervical adenocarcinoma, and breast adenocarcinoma cell lines.

Immortalised cell line
An immortalised cell line is a population of cells from a multicellular organism that would normally not proliferate indefinitely but, due to mutation, have evaded normal cellular senescence and instead can keep undergoing division. The cells can therefore be grown for prolonged periods in vitro. The mutations required for immortality can occur naturally or be intentionally induced for experimental purposes. Immortal cell lines are a very important tool for research into the biochemistry and cell biology of multicellular organisms. Immortalised cell lines have also found uses in biotechnology.

An immortalised cell line should not be confused with stem cells, which can also divide indefinitely, but form a normal part of the development of a multicellular organism.
Schnapsen
Schnapsen, Schnapser or Schnapsa is a trick-taking card game of the bézique (ace–ten) family that is very popular in Bavaria and in the territories of the former Austro-Hungarian Empire and has become the national card game of Austria and Hungary. Schnapsen is both of the point-trick (individual cards in each trick are used to determine points as in Pinochle) and trick-and-draw (a new card is drawn after each trick is won) subtypes.

The game is similar to sixty-six (Sechsundsechzig).  Many rule variations exist, and both Schnapsen and sixty-six involve challenging strategy. Schnapsen has been described as "an inherently intense game that requires a lot of concentration and so isn't good for socializing, but it's a challenging game whose interest never wavers."

Perlen-Reihe
Perlen-Reihe (German, lit: "string of pearls") is a series of books founded in 1948 by Adalbert Pechan. It is best known for its self-help guides on a wide variety of topics, including car guides and game instructions. It can be seen as the prototype of the popular advice literature, which is still booming today.

The series was first published by the Austrian publishers of Verlag (Adalbert) Pechan and after several changes of ownership was continued by Deuticke Verlag, which is again an imprint of the Paul Zsolnay Verlag (both of the latter are subsidiaries of Munich's Carl Hanser Verlag). Since 2010 there has been a separate Verlag Perlen series in Vienna with Ulla Harms as publisher. Since 2011, new titles in the Perlen-Reihe have been published by them in the tradition of Adalbert Pechan's little guides.
Vresse-sur-Semois
Vresse-sur-Semois (French pronunciation: [vʁɛs syʁ səmwa], literally Vresse on Semois; Walloon: Vresse) is a municipality of Wallonia located in the province of Namur, Belgium.

The municipality consists of the following districts: Alle, Bagimont, Bohan, Chairière, Laforêt, Membre, Mouzaive, Nafraiture, Orchimont, Pussemange, Sugny, and Vresse.

On its south and west, the municipality borders the Ardennes department of France. It is about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) north of Sedan.

Namur Province
Namur (French: [namyʁ] ⓘ; Walloon: Nameur; Dutch: Namen [ˈnaːmə(n)] ⓘ) is a province of Wallonia, one of the three regions of Belgium. It borders (clockwise from the West) on the Walloon provinces of Hainaut, Walloon Brabant, Liège and Luxembourg in Belgium, and the French department of Ardennes. Its capital and largest city is the city of Namur. As of January 2024, the province of Namur has a population of about 0.5 million.
Genius Loci Weimar
Genius Loci Weimar is a three-day festival for audiovisual art, video mapping and facade projections, which takes place annually at various locations in the cultural city of Weimar. The festival was launched in 2012 by festival founder Hendrik Wendler.

Projection mapping
Projection mapping, similar to video mapping and spatial augmented reality, is a projection technique used to turn objects, often irregularly shaped, into display surfaces for video projection. The objects may be complex industrial landscapes, such as buildings, small indoor objects, or theatrical stages. Using specialized software, a two- or three-dimensional object is spatially mapped on the virtual program which mimics the real environment it is to be projected on. The software can then interact with a projector to fit any desired image onto the surface of that object. The technique is used by artists and advertisers who can add extra dimensions, optical illusions, and notions of movement onto previously static objects. The video is commonly combined with or triggered by audio to create an audiovisual narrative. In recent years the technique has also been widely used in the context of cultural heritage, as it has proved to be an excellent edutainment tool.
Zawia Oil Refining Company
The Zawia Oil Refining Company (ARC) is a subsidiary of the National Oil Corporation (NOC), incorporated under Libyan Commercial Law since 1976. ARC operates the Zawia Refinery, which was built in 1974 by Snamprogetti, Italy. Zawia is currently the country's second largest oil refinery after the Ra's Lanuf Refinery. Primary products include naphtha, gasoline, kerosene, light vacuum gas oil (VGO), fuel oil, base lubricating oils, and asphalt.

Saipem
Saipem S.p.A. (Società Azionaria Italiana Perforazioni E Montaggi lit. Drilling and Assembly Italian Public Limited Company) is an Italian multinational oilfield services company and one of the largest in the world. Until 2016 it was a subsidiary of Italian oil and gas supermajor Eni, which retains approximately 30% of Saipem's shares.
Johnny Jump Up
Johnny Jump Up can refer to:

A number of species of violet (Viola sp.) flower, including:
Viola bicolor, also known as the American field pansy
Viola cornuta, also known as the tufted pansy
Viola pedunculata also known as the California golden violet
Viola tricolor, also known as heartsease

A local name for the blue-black grassquit bird

Johnny Jump Up (song), an Irish folk song about strong cider

Viola (plant)
Viola, commonly known as the violets, is a genus of flowering plants in the family Violaceae. It is the largest genus in the family, containing over 680 species. Most species are found in the temperate Northern Hemisphere; however, some are also found in widely divergent areas such as Hawaii, Australasia, and the Andes.

Some Viola species are perennial plants, some are annual plants, and a few are small shrubs. Many species, varieties and cultivars are grown in gardens for their ornamental flowers. In horticulture, the term pansy is normally used for those multi-colored large-flowered cultivars which are raised annually or biennially from seed and used extensively in bedding.
Anthony Hawken
Anthony Hawken (born 1948, died 2025) was an English sculptor. Hawken was a figurative sculptor who worked with bronze, marble, and stone. He was also a medal-maker, printmaker and designer of jewellery.

Hawken was born in London. He studied at the Medway College of Art and at the Royal Academy Schools. Hawken has completed sculptures of Melvyn Bragg, Nicholas Parsons and Norman Lamont and was also responsible for the oversize sculpture of footballer, Sam Bartram which stands outside the ground of Charlton Athletic, The Valley, London. In 2006 he was reported to be working on a statue of former footballer and manager, Alan Curbishley.

Melvyn Bragg
Melvyn Bragg, Baron Bragg (born 6 October 1939), is an English broadcaster, author, and parliamentarian. Earlier in his career, Bragg worked for the BBC in various roles including presenter, a connection that resumed in 1988 when he began to host Start the Week on BBC Radio 4. He was also the editor and presenter of The South Bank Show (1978–2010, 2012–2023), and served as Chancellor of the University of Leeds from 1999 until 2017.

After his ennoblement in 1998, he switched to presenting the new BBC Radio 4 documentary series In Our Time, an academic discussion radio programme, which has run to more than one thousand broadcast editions and is also a podcast. In September 2025, Bragg announced that he would step down from hosting the show after 27 years.
Whairepo Lagoon
Whairepo Lagoon is an open public area at the centre of Wellington, New Zealand. It is a small man-made lagoon filled with sea water and connected to Wellington Harbour through a narrow channel. A split-level footbridge over the mouth of the lagoon was designed by Eastbridge. The lagoon is surrounded by The Boat Shed, City-to-Sea bridge, and the Wellington Rowing, Star Boating Club, and Te Raukura buildings. Tanya Ashken's Albatross fountain sits on the north side of the lagoon between it and Frank Kitts Park.

On 17 December 2015 the lagoon was officially named Whairepo Lagoon, as it previously had no official name. The lagoon was previously referred to as Frank Kitts Lagoon, Frank Kitts Park Lagoon or simply The Lagoon. 'Whairepo' is the Māori name for the Eagle ray which can sometimes be seen in the lagoon.

From December 2023 to April 2024 a statue of Marvel's Mjölnir, the hammer of Thor, was placed next to the lagoon for a Marvel exhibition.

Frank Kitts
Sir Francis Joseph Kitts (1 May 1912 – 16 March 1979) was a New Zealand politician. Originally from the South Island, he served in the military and later was a civil servant before entering politics with the Labour Party. He was the Member of Parliament for Wellington Central between 1954 and 1960. He was also the longest-serving Mayor of Wellington, holding the post from 1956 to 1974. He was also a member at various times of several other local bodies and was still an elected official at his death.
The Temple of Dawn
The Temple of Dawn (暁の寺, Akatsuki no tera) is the third novel in the Sea of Fertility tetralogy by the Japanese writer Yukio Mishima. For this as for the other novels in the series, Mishima travelled to various places to conduct research, including Wat Arun in Bangkok, Thailand.

Wisdom King
A wisdom king (Sanskrit: विद्याराज; IAST: vidyārāja, Chinese: 明王; pinyin: Míngwáng; Japanese pronunciation: Myōō) is a type of wrathful deity in East Asian Buddhism.

Whereas the Sanskrit name is translated literally as "wisdom / knowledge king(s)," the term vidyā in Vajrayana Buddhism is also specifically used to denote mantras; the term may thus also be rendered "mantra king(s)." Vidyā is translated in Chinese with the character 明 (lit. "bright, radiant", figuratively "knowledge(able), wisdom, wise"), leading to a wide array of alternative translations such as "bright king(s)" or "radiant king(s)". A similar category of fierce deities known as herukas are found in Tibetan Buddhism.

The female counterparts of wisdom kings are known as wisdom queens (Sanskrit (IAST): vidyārājñī, Chinese and Japanese: 明妃; pinyin: Míngfēi; rōmaji: Myōhi).
Diocese of Wagga Wagga
The Diocese of Wagga Wagga is a Latin Church suffragan diocese of the Archdiocese of Sydney, established in 1917, covering the Riverina region of New South Wales in Australia.

St Michael's Cathedral is the seat of the Catholic Bishop of Wagga Wagga. On 12 September 2016, Pope Francis accepted the resignation of Bishop Gerard Hanna due to health and age concerns and appointed Christopher Prowse to be the Apostolic Administrator. On 26 May 2020 Pope Francis announced that Bishop Mark Edwards OMI would be the sixth Bishop of Wagga Wagga, to be installed as Bishop on 22 July 2020 at St Michael's Cathedral.

Suffragan diocese
A suffragan diocese is one of the dioceses other than the metropolitan archdiocese that constitute an ecclesiastical province. It exists in some Christian denominations, in particular the Catholic Church, the Episcopal Church, Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria, and the Romanian Orthodox Church.

In the Catholic Church, although such a diocese is governed by its own bishop or ordinary, who is the suffragan bishop, the metropolitan archbishop has in its regard certain rights and duties of oversight. He has no power of governance within a suffragan diocese, but has some limited rights and duties to intervene in cases of neglect by the authorities of the diocese itself.
Albright United Methodist Church
The Albright United Methodist Church is a disused church building at 486 S. Graham Street at the nexus of the Bloomfield, Shadyside, and Friendship neighborhoods of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, US. The church was designed by architect Chancey W. Hodgdon in an Eclectic, Richardson Romanesque style with prominent elements of Gothic Revival, and was built in 1905-1906.

Shadyside (Pittsburgh)
Shadyside is a neighborhood in the East End of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States. It has three zip codes (15206, 15213, and 15232) and representation on Pittsburgh City Council by the council member for District 8 (East Central Neighborhoods). Shadyside is drawn from the name of a 19th-century Pennsylvania Railroad station in the area, which was named for its shady lanes.

Notable neighborhood institutions include UPMC Shadyside hospital, a member of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center; Chatham University, which is located just across the southern edge of the neighborhood in Squirrel Hill, along with Pittsburgh Center for the Arts, which sits inside Mellon Park.
Casteddu de Fanaris
The Casteddu de Fanaris (Castle of Fanaris in English) is an important archaeological site located in the municipality of Decimoputzu, along the border with the town of Vallermosa, in the Province of South Sardinia.

The site, dating back to the late Bronze Age (1300–1000 BC), is a complex-type nuraghe that consists of a central tower surrounded by eight additional towers to form a bastion. The bastion is surrounded by a megalithic wall with five towers with loopholes. For its construction were used mainly granite boulders, a material available near the site.

The fort is located at 147 meters above the sea level and occupies a strategic position to control the access road that from the Iglesiente lead to the Campidano plain.

Province of South Sardinia
The province of South Sardinia (Italian: provincia del Sud Sardegna; Sardinian: provìntzia de Sud Sardigna) was a province in the autonomous island region of Sardinia, Italy, instituted on 4 February 2016. It included the disestablished provinces of Carbonia-Iglesias and Medio Campidano, a large part of the old province of Cagliari, and two other municipalities. It was disestablished on 1 June 2025. Before being disestablished, it had a population of 329,556.
Mayo (song)
"Mayo" is a single by South African DJ and artist DJ Speedsta featuring Yung Swiss, Tellaman, Shane Eagle, and Frank Casino. "Mayo" is produced by Gemini Major, Family Tree's in-house producer. The song has peaked at number 1 on South Africa's biggest radio stations Metro FM Top 40 chart & 5FM Top 10 at 10 Hip Hop chart. On June 5, 2017 "Mayo" was certified gold by the Recording Industry of South Africa.

5FM
5FM is a South African FM radio station forming part of the South African Broadcasting Corporation (SABC), South Africa's public broadcaster. 5FM follows a Top 40 music format aimed at a youth market, together with news and sports coverage.

Originally named Radio 5, the station was re-branded as "5FM" in 1992, and has as its current logo a red "5" and superscripted "FM" within a circle and the words "The Power of" inscribed along the upper periphery of the circle.

The station is currently managed by Masixole Mdingane, Business Unit Manager of the PCS Combo (Good Hope FM & 5FM).
Mel Roach
Melvin Earl Roach (January 25, 1933 – July 31, 2023) was an American professional baseball player. His career derailed by his bonus player status, military service and injury, he appeared in 227 games played over all or parts of eight years in Major League Baseball as a utilityman for the Milwaukee Braves (1953–54 and 1957–61), Chicago Cubs (1961) and Philadelphia Phillies (1962). Roach was born in Richmond, Virginia and attended John Marshall High School; he threw and batted right-handed and was listed as 6 feet 1 inch (1.85 m) tall and 190 pounds (86 kg).

Utility player
In sports, a utility player is one who can play several positions competently. Sports in which the term is often used include association football, basketball, rugby, baseball, softball, ice hockey, and water polo.

The term has gained prominence in all sports due to its use in fantasy leagues, but in rugby union and rugby league, it is commonly used by commentators to recognize a player's versatility.

The use of this term to describe a player may in some circumstances be a backhanded compliment, as it suggests the player is not good enough to be considered a specialist in one position (i.e., a jack of all trades).
Blue cake
Blue cake (German: Blauer Kuchen) is a flaky pastry that is a specialty of the Frutig valley (the lower part of the Kander valley consisting of the municipalities of Aeschi, Reichenbach, Frutigen and Kandergrund) in the Bernese Oberland, Switzerland. It consists only of puff pastry with no filling or other ingredients. Despite its name, it is not blue.

Stuffing
Stuffing, filling, or dressing is an edible mixture, often composed of herbs and a starch such as bread, used to fill a cavity in the preparation of another food item.  Many foods may be stuffed, including poultry, seafood, and vegetables.  As a cooking technique, stuffing helps retain moisture, while the mixture itself augments and absorbs flavors.

Poultry stuffing often consists of breadcrumbs, onion, celery, spices, and herbs such as sage, combined with the giblets. Additions in the United Kingdom include dried fruits and nuts (such as apricots and flaked almonds), and chestnuts.
Bresler
Bresler is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Anton Bresler (born 1988), South African rugby union player

Jerry Bresler (1914–2000), American songwriter, conductor

Jerry Bresler (1908–1977), American film producer

Anton Bresler
Anton Bresler (born 16 February 1988) is a Namibian rugby union player. He plays for English side Worcester Warriors in the Aviva Premiership in the lock position, having previously played for the Sharks.

He moved to Scotland in the summer of 2014, signing for Pro12 side Edinburgh. On 28 December 2017, Bresler joined English Premiership side Worcester Warriors with immediate effect.

On 30 November 2021, Bresler left Worcester as he signed for Top 14 side Racing 92 in France with immediate effect
David Saelens
David Saelens (born 2 July 1975 in Ypres, West Flanders) is a racing driver from Belgium. He drove in several racing classes such as Formula Three, International Formula 3000, American Le Mans Series, DTM and most recently the 2018 Porsche Supercup. In 1998, he won the Marlboro Masters of Formula 3 at Zandvoort. That same year, he became the first non-French driver to win the French Formula Three Championship.

American Le Mans Series
The American Le Mans Series (ALMS) was a sports car racing series based in the United States and Canada. It consisted of a series of endurance and sprint races, and was created in the spirit of the 24 Hours of Le Mans.

The American Le Mans' headquarters was in Braselton, Georgia, adjacent to Road Atlanta.

In 2014, the series merged with the Grand-Am Rolex Sports Car Series to form the WeatherTech SportsCar Championship.
Edward Ashworth
Edward Ashworth (1814 – 1896) was an English artist and architect from Devon, England, considered to be the West Country's leading ecclesiastical architect.  He was elected a member of the Exeter Diocesan Architectural Society in 1847.

West Country
The West Country is a loosely defined area within South West England, usually taken to include the counties of Cornwall, Devon, Dorset, Somerset and Bristol, with some considering it to extend to all or parts of Wiltshire, Gloucestershire and Herefordshire. The West Country has a distinctive regional English dialect and accent, and is also home to the Cornish language.
Qianxi County, Hebei
Qianxi County (simplified Chinese: 迁西县; traditional Chinese: 遷西縣; pinyin: Qiānxī Xiàn) is a county of Hebei province, China. It is northernmost county-level city of Tangshan city.

Spanning an area of 1,439 square kilometres (556 sq mi), Qianxi County is largely agricultural, despite being part of the Jing-Jin-Ji metro region.

Qianxi is known for its chestnuts, producing a third of China's chestnuts export. The history of chestnut cultivation in Qianxi goes back 2,000 years.

Some of the oldest dated rock formation are found in Qianxi as part of the Qianxi stage.

Jing-Jin-Ji
38°42′N 118°6′E﻿ / ﻿38.700°N 118.100°E﻿ / 38.700; 118.100

The Jing-Jin-Ji cluster is an expanded urban agglomeration consisting of Beijing (Jing), Tianjin (Jin), and Hebei (Ji). It is the biggest urban agglomeration region in North China, including an economic region surrounding the municipalities of Beijing and Tianjin, and along the coast of the Bohai Sea. This emerging region is rising as a northern metropolitan region rivaling the Pearl River Delta in the south and the Yangtze River Delta in the east. In 2020, it had a total population of 110 million people, comparable to that of the Philippines.
St. Rupert's Church, Vienna
St. Rupert's Church (German: Ruprechtskirche) is a Romanesque church in Vienna, Austria. Traditionally considered to be the oldest church in the city, St. Rupert's Church is dedicated to Saint Rupert of Salzburg, patron saint of the salt merchants of Vienna. The church is located in one of the oldest parts of the city, the section of the Roman Vindobona.

There is currently some debate whether the Ruprechtskirche is truly the oldest church in Vienna. Discoveries of old foundations under the St. Peter's Church and old graves under the St. Stephen's Cathedral have disputed the certainty of this label.

Vindobona
Vindobona (Latin pronunciation: [wɪnˈdɔbɔna]; from Gaulish windo- "white" and bona "base/bottom") was a Roman military camp (or castra) in the province of Pannonia, located on the site of the modern city of Vienna in Austria. The settlement area took on a new name in the 13th century, being changed to Berghof, or now simply known as Alter Berghof (the Old Berghof).

Around 1 AD, the kingdom of Noricum was included in the Roman Empire. Henceforth, the Danube marked the border of the empire, and the Romans built fortifications and settlements on the banks of the Danube, including Vindobona with an estimated population of 15,000 to 20,000.