hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Emmanuel Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)
Emmanuel Catholic Church, is a Roman Catholic church in Dayton, Ohio. It is historically significant as it is the oldest Catholic parish in Dayton and the "mother church" from which all Catholic churches in Dayton and Montgomery County, as well as those in Greene, Clark, Champaign, Madison, Logan, Hardin, and Marion Counties, trace their roots. Established in 1837, the parish and its initial church building were named after its founder, the Flemish missionary Father Emanuel Thienpont. The current church building, a German Gothic structure on Franklin Street, was completed in 1873 and is notably one of the largest church buildings in the Archdiocese of Cincinnati.

Hardin County, Ohio
Hardin County is a county located in the west central portion of the U.S. state of Ohio. As of the 2020 census, the population was 30,696. Its county seat and largest city is Kenton. The county was created in 1820 and later organized in 1833. It is named for John Hardin, an officer in the American Revolution.
Yedey
Yedey (Russian: Едей) is the name of several rural localities in the Sakha Republic, Russia:

Yedey, Khangalassky District, Sakha Republic, a selo in Malzhagarsky 4-y Rural Okrug of Khangalassky District

Yedey, Nyurbinsky District, Sakha Republic, a selo in Yedeysky Rural Okrug of Nyurbinsky District

Khangalassky District
Khangalassky District (Russian: Хангала́сский улу́с; Yakut: Хаҥалас улууһа, romanized: Xañalas uluuha, [xaŋalas uluːha]) is an administrative and municipal district (raion, or ulus), one of the thirty-four in the Sakha Republic, Russia. It is located in the center of the republic and borders Megino-Kangalassky District in the east, Amginsky and Aldansky Districts in the south, Olyokminsky District in the southwest, Gorny District in the northwest, and the territory of the city of republic significance of Yakutsk in the north. The area of the district is 24,700 square kilometers (9,500 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Pokrovsk. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district, excluding its administrative center, was 24,557.
Independence Airport (Belize)
Independence Airport (IATA: INB, ICAO: MZSV), also known as Savannah Airport or Mango Creek Airport, is an airport serving Independence and Mango Creek, a coastal community straddling the border between Toledo and Stann Creek Districts in Belize. The airport runs along the Independence Highway, 4 kilometres (2 mi) inland from the coast.

The Puerto Barrios VOR-DME (Ident: IOS) and non-directional beacon (Ident: BAR) are located 48.6 nautical miles (90 km) south of the airport.

Independence and Mango Creek
Independence is a village in the Stann Creek District of Belize. In 2010, Independence had a population of 4,014 people. It is a relatively large village compared to its surrounding communities. It contains 2 primary schools,  one secondary school and one college which hosts students from the surrounding communities, and provides access to the only mainland bay.
Certified dominating set
In graph theory, a certified dominating set of a graph is a type of dominating set in which every vertex in the set has either zero or at least two neighbours outside the set. The concept was introduced by Dettlaff, Lemańska, Topp, Ziemann, and Żyliński in 2018.

The concept models a scenario involving officials and civilians in a social network. Given a set  of officials and a set  of civilians, each civilian must be served by some official, and whenever an official serves a civilian, there must be at least one other civilian who can observe the official, acting as a witness to prevent potential abuse. The certified domination number represents the minimum number of officials needed to guarantee such a service.

Complete graph
In the mathematical field of graph theory, a complete graph is a simple undirected graph in which every pair of distinct vertices is connected by a unique edge.  A complete digraph is a directed graph in which every pair of distinct vertices is connected by a pair of unique edges (one in each direction).

Graph theory itself is typically dated as beginning with Leonhard Euler's 1736 work on the Seven Bridges of Königsberg. However, drawings of complete graphs, with their vertices placed on the points of a regular polygon, had already appeared in the 13th century, in the work of Ramon Llull. Such a drawing is sometimes referred to as a mystic rose.
Pedicab Driver
Pedicab Driver (Chinese: 群龍戲鳳; Cantonese Yale: Kwan lung hei fung) is a 1989 Hong Kong martial arts comedy film starring and directed by Sammo Hung, who also produced. Hung portrays the leader of a crew of cycle rickshaw drivers in 1930s Macau. The film also features guest appearances by Eric Tsang, Corey Yuen, and Lau Kar-leung. Warner Bros. has included the film in the catalogue of Warner Archive Collection.

Yale romanization of Cantonese
The Yale romanization of Cantonese was developed by Yale scholar Gerard P. Kok for his and Parker Po-fei Huang's textbook Speak Cantonese initially circulated in looseleaf form in 1952 but later published in 1958. Unlike the Yale romanization of Mandarin, it is still widely used in books and dictionaries, especially for foreign learners of Cantonese. It shares some similarities with Hanyu Pinyin in that unvoiced, unaspirated consonants are represented by letters traditionally used in English and most other European languages to represent voiced sounds. For example, [p] is represented as b in Yale, whereas its aspirated counterpart, [pʰ] is represented as p. Students attending the Chinese University of Hong Kong's New-Asia Yale-in-China Chinese Language Center are taught using Yale romanization.

Some enthusiasts employ Yale romanisation to explore writing Cantonese as an alphabetic language.
Melvin I. Urofsky
Melvin I. Urofsky is an American historian, and professor emeritus at Virginia Commonwealth University.

He received his B.A. from Columbia University in 1961 and doctorate in 1968. He also received his JD from the University of Virginia.
He teaches at American University and George Washington University Law School.

George Washington University Law School
The George Washington University Law School (GW Law) is the law school of George Washington University, a private research university in Washington, D.C. Established in 1865, GW Law is the oldest law school in Washington, D.C.

GW Law has an alumni network that includes notable people within the fields of law and government, including the former U.S. Attorney General, the former U.S. Secretary of the Interior, foreign heads of state, judges of the International Court of Justice, ministers of foreign affairs, a Director-General of the World Intellectual Property Organization, a Director of the CIA, members of U.S. Congress, U.S. State Governors, four Directors of the FBI, and numerous Federal judges.
Paul Grawitz
Paul Albert Grawitz (born 1 October 1850 in Zerrin/Sierzno, Kreis Bütow (cf.Bütow/Bytów), Pommern (now Poland) – 27 June 1932 in Greifswald) was a German pathologist. He was an older brother to hematologist Ernst Grawitz (1860-1911), and father-in-law to pathologist Otto Busse (1867-1922).

While he studied medicine at the University of Berlin, he was an assistant to pathologist Rudolf Virchow (1821-1902). After graduation, he continued as an assistant to Virchow until 1886. From 1886 to 1921, he taught as a professor at the University of Greifswald, where he also served as director of the pathological institute.

He is known for his pioneer work with tissue cultures, and his experimentation in the field of bacteriology. "Grawitz' tumour", also known as renal cell carcinoma, is named after him.

Bytów
Bytów (Polish: [ˈbɨtuf] ⓘ; Kashubian: Bëtowò; German: Bütow [ˈbyːtoː] ⓘ) is a town in the Gdańsk Pomerania region of northern Poland with 16,730 inhabitants as of December 2021. It is the capital of Bytów County in the Pomeranian Voivodeship.

In the early Middle Ages a fortified stronghold stood near the town. In 1346 as Bütow it obtained Kulm law rights from the Teutonic Order, which controlled it since 1329. During the Thirteen Years' War (1454–1466), the town was the site of heavy fighting and changed hands over time. Eventually, King Casimir IV Jagiellon granted the town to Eric II, Duke of Pomerania, as a perpetual fiefdom. After the Partitions of Poland, Bytów became part of the Kingdom of Prussia and later also Germany, within which it remained until the end of World War II. In the final stages of the war Bytów heavily shelled by the Red Army, and more than 55% of the buildings were destroyed.
Liparus
Liparus is a genus of beetles belonging to the family Curculionidae. The species of this genus are found in Europe.

Species:

Liparus abietis Germar, 1824

Liparus anglicanus Billberg, 1820

Liparus coronatus Goeze, 1777

Liparus dirus (Herbst, 1795)

Liparus germanus Linnaeus, 1758

Liparus glabrirostris Küster, 1849

Curculionidae
The Curculionidae are a family of weevils, commonly called snout beetles or true weevils. They are one of the largest animal families with 6,800 genera and 83,000 species described worldwide. They are the sister group to the family Brentidae.

They include the bark beetles as the subfamily Scolytinae, which are modified  in shape in accordance with their wood-boring lifestyle. They do not much resemble other weevils, so they were traditionally considered a distinct family, Scolytidae. The family also includes the ambrosia beetles, of which the present-day subfamily Platypodinae was formerly considered the distinct family Platypodidae.
Akhilesh Kumar Tyagi
Akhilesh Kumar Tyagi (born 15 May 1956) is an Indian plant biologist and formerly, the director of National Institute of Plant Genome Research, senior professor of the University of Delhi and president of the National Academy of Sciences, India. Known for his studies on plant genomics and biotechnology, Tyagi is an elected fellow of all the three major Indian science academies namely Indian Academy of Sciences, Indian National Science Academy and National Academy of Sciences, India as well as The World Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Agricultural Sciences. The Department of Biotechnology of the Government of India awarded him the National Bioscience Award for Career Development, one of the highest Indian science awards, for his contributions to biosciences in 1999.

Indian Academy of Sciences
The Indian Academy of Sciences, Bangalore was founded by Indian Physicist and Nobel Laureate C. V. Raman, and was registered as a society on 27 April 1934. Inaugurated on 31 July 1934, it began with 65 founding fellows. The first general meeting of Fellows, held on the same day, elected Raman as president, and adopted the constitution of the Academy.
Oval window
The oval window (or fenestra vestibuli or fenestra ovalis) is a connective tissue membrane-covered opening from the middle ear to the cochlea of the inner ear.

Vibrations that contact the tympanic membrane travel through the three ossicles and into the inner ear. The oval window is the intersection of the middle ear with the inner ear and is directly contacted by the stapes; by the time vibrations reach the oval window, they have been reduced in amplitude and increased in pressure due to the lever action of the ossicle bones. This is not an amplification function; rather, an impedance-matching function, allowing sound to be transferred from air (outer ear) to liquid (cochlea).

It is a reniform (kidney-shaped) opening leading from the tympanic cavity into the vestibule of the inner ear; its long diameter is horizontal and its convex border is upward. It is occupied by the base of the stapes, the circumference of which is fixed by the annular ligament to the margin of the foramen.

Foramen
In anatomy and osteology, a  foramen (/fəˈreɪmən/; pl.: foramina, /fəˈræmɪnə/ or foramens /fəˈreɪmənz/; from Latin 'an opening produced by boring') is an opening or enclosed gap within the dense connective tissue (bones and deep fasciae) of extant and extinct amniote animals, typically to allow passage of nerves, arteries, veins or other soft tissue structures (e.g. muscle tendon) from one body compartment to another.
Pattakkarai
Pattakkarai is a small village situated near Nazareth in the Thoothukudi District of Tamil Nadu, India. It is located on the road from Nazareth, which is 4 km away, to Tiruchendur. There are about 150 families in this village who live in more than 200 houses. It belongs to the Kachanavilai panchayat.

Facilities in Pattakkarai include a C.S.I church (Holy Immanuel Church) and a post office. The majority of the population is Christian. Their business is fishing, gardening and cultivation. The main community is the Nadar caste which belongs to the Ruban community from Israel. Every year, people celebrate the church inauguration day on 18 May. The same day, people donate food for people from the church.

Tiruchendur
Tiruchendur (Tamil: Tiruccentūr [ˈt̪iɾɯtːʃen̪d̪uːr], also jayantipuram) is a municipality in Thoothukudi district, Tamil Nadu, India. It is home to the Arulmigu Subramaniya Swamy Temple, one of the Six Abodes of Murugan.
Confeitaria Rocco
Confeitaria Rocco (English: Rocco Confectionery) is a historic building located in Porto Alegre, capital of Rio Grande do Sul. It is situated on the corner of Riachuelo and Dr. Flores streets, next to Conde de Porto Alegre square, formerly Praça do Portão (English: Gate Square). For its historical importance, it is listed as a heritage site by the City Hall of Porto Alegre.

Town Hall of Porto Alegre
The Town Hall of Porto Alegre (Portuguese: Paço Municipal de Porto Alegre), also known as Old City Hall (Portuguese: Prefeitura Velha) or Paço dos Açorianos, is a historic building in Porto Alegre, capital of the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul, being one of the most characteristic and important architectural landmarks of the city. It was inaugurated in 1901, with a project by Giovanni Colfosco, hosting the mayor's office and administrative bodies for a long time. It was listed by the municipality in 1979 and, after extensive renovations in 2003, it began to lend some of its rooms for art exhibitions, also having the offices and technical reserve of the Artistic Collection of the City Hall of Porto Alegre there. In 2022, during the celebrations week of the city's 250th anniversary, the mayor handed over the building to the administration of the Municipal Secretariat of Culture, which intends to transform it into a museum, the Museum of Art of Porto Alegre.
Cashel South African Air Force Alouette crash
On 23 December 1975, an Aérospatiale Alouette III helicopter of the South African Air Force carrying a two-man crew and four Rhodesian Army officers crashed near Cashel in Rhodesia after it collided with a hawser cable mid-flight. The accident dealt a severe blow to the Rhodesian Security Forces, then fighting bitterly against ZANLA and ZIPRA insurgents in the Rhodesian Bush War, for the officers involved were some of its best and would prove difficult to replace.

Zimbabwe People's Revolutionary Army
Zimbabwe People's Revolutionary Army (ZIPRA) was the military wing of the Zimbabwe African People's Union (ZAPU), a Marxist–Leninist political party in Rhodesia. It participated in the Rhodesian Bush War against white minority rule in Rhodesia (modern Zimbabwe). ZIPRA (or often ZPRA) was formed during the 1960s by the nationalist leader Jason Moyo, the deputy of Joshua Nkomo. Its sponsors included the Organisation of African Unity and Soviet Union and its base of support lay in Ndebele and other non-Shona minorities in southwestern Zimbabwe, the home region of many of its leaders. After the war, it was edged out of power by ZANU-PF.
Metalopha liturata
Metalopha liturata is a moth of the family Noctuidae. The species was first described by Hugo Theodor Christoph in 1887. It is widespread but local in the Near East and Middle East from the Levant area to the western Himalayas (Turkey, Iran, Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, Iraq, Syria, Jordan and Israel).

Adults are on wing from March to May. There is one generation per year.

Hugo Theodor Christoph
Hugo Theodor Christoph (16 April 1831 – 5 November 1894) was a German and Russian entomologist.

Born in Herrnhut in Saxony, Hugo Theodor Christoph moved to Russia in 1858. He became a member of the Russian Entomological Society in 1861. From 1880, he was curator of the Lepidoptera collection of Grand Duke Nicholas Mikhailovich of Russia.

His own collection was sold to Thomas de Grey, 6th Baron Walsingham, a member of the Royal Entomological Society, and it is now in the Natural History Museum in London.
Doug Carswell
Robert Douglas Carswell (19 March 1936 – 22 March 2022) was a New Zealand cricketer. He played in one first-class match for Northern Districts during the 1957–58 season.

Carswell was born at Gisborne in Poverty Bay in 1936. He played cricket regularly for Poverty Bay, including in the Hawke Cup, but made only a single first-class appearance. Playing against Canterbury in December 1957 Carswell scored eight runs in his only first-class innings. He was hit on the head whilst batting and retired hurt, but later returned to the crease. He was replaced for Northern Districts' next match by Peter Skelton, unable to play due to his injury which required an operation on his cheek bone.

Gisborne, New Zealand
Gisborne is a city in northeastern New Zealand and the largest settlement in the Gisborne District (or Gisborne Region). It has a population of 38,100 (June 2025). Gisborne District Council has its headquarters in the central city.
Warke
Warke is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Larry Warke (1927–1989), Irish cricketer and medical doctor

Robert Warke (1930–2021), Irish bishop

Stephen Warke (born 1959), Irish cricketer

Richard Warke, Canadian billionaire

Robert Warke
Christianity portal

Robert Alexander Warke (10 July 1930 – 12 January 2021) was Bishop of Cork, Cloyne and Ross from 1988 to 1998.

He was educated at The King's Hospital and Trinity College Dublin, and ordained deacon in 1953 and priest in 1954. His first post was a curacy at  St Mark’s Newtownards. He was later Rector of Dunlavin (1964-67), then at the parish of Drumcondra and North Strand (1967-71), Rector of Zion Church Rathgar (1971-88), and finally (before his elevation to the episcopate) in 1980 Archdeacon of Dublin.
Proske
Proske is a German and North American last name which is either derived from the first name of Greek origin Ambrose or from a diminutive of any of several Slavic personal names with the first component Prosi- (from Proto-Slavic *prositi "to ask"), e.g. Prosimir or Prosislaw.
Notable people with the surname include:

Andrea Proske (born 1986), Canadian rower and Olympic gold medalist

Beatrice Gilman Proske  (1899–2002), American art historian

Jenn Proske (born 1987), Canadian American actress

Karl Proske (1794–1861), German Catholic cleric

Oliver Proske (born 1971), German stage designer

Uwe Proske (born 1961), German fencer

Beatrice Gilman Proske
Beatrice Irene Gilman Proske (October 31, 1899 – February 2, 2002) was an art historian, specifically in Spanish and American sculpture. She was an early employee of the Hispanic Society of America in New York City, with a specialty in sculpture. Her expertise expanded to American sculpture with her work at Brookgreen Gardens in South Carolina, and she died an honorary trustee.  Her work also included advising the magazine of the National Sculpture Society. She was the author of preeminent studies on Spanish sculpture and American sculpture.
Α-Propyltryptamine
α-Propyltryptamine (APT, αPT, or α-PT) is a chemical compound of the tryptamine and α-alkyltryptamine families. It is the α-propyl derivative of tryptamine and is a higher homologue of α-methyltryptamine (AMT) and α-ethyltryptamine (AET). The compound was briefly mentioned by Alexander Shulgin in his 1997 book TiHKAL (Tryptamines I Have Known and Loved). He noted that it had been synthesized but that it had never been tested in humans to his knowledge. Moreover, he speculated that it would likely require a "pretty hefty dosage" for central effects based on extrapolation from the loss of potency with higher phenethylamine α-homologation like α-propylphenethylamines such as BDP (K).

TiHKAL
TiHKAL: The Continuation, also known as Tryptamines I Have Known and Loved, is a 1997 book written by Alexander Shulgin and Ann Shulgin. It is about a family of psychoactive drugs known as tryptamines, which includes psychedelics, other hallucinogens, and entactogens. The book has two halves, and the second part of the book contains detailed entries on 55 tryptamines. TiHKAL is a sequel to PiHKAL: A Chemical Love Story (Phenethylamines I Have Known and Loved) (1991).
ClubSwan 36
The ClubSwan 36 is a Finnish sailboat that was designed by Juan Kouyoumdjian as a one design racer and first built in 2018. Giovanni Belgrano was the principal engineer and aerodynamic expert, while Hervé Devaux designed the rig.

One-design racing
One-design racing is a racing method which may be adopted in sports using complex equipment, whereby all vehicles have identical or very similar designs or models, avoiding the need for a handicap system.
Marcus Nash (actor)
Marcus Nash (born 15 February 1994) is a former Scottish actor and current Director of Media & Communications at Ipswich Town FC. He was initially known for starring as Herod Sharkey in the CBBC television series Half Moon Investigations, based on the best-selling novels by Eoin Colfer. Nash also appeared in the BBC Scotland soap opera River City and featured in Peter Mullan’s film Neds.
Following his acting career, Nash transitioned into sports communications, serving as Head of Communications & Media Relations at Hamilton Academical FC from May 2018. During his time there, he helped modernise the club’s media approach and improve engagement strategies. In August 2021, he joined Ipswich Town, where he has since become a key figure in shaping the club’s growing reputation off the pitch.

Eoin Colfer
Eoin Colfer  (/ˈoʊ.ɪn/; born 14 May 1965) is an Irish writer of children's literature. He is best known for being the author of the Artemis Fowl series, a set of eleven fantasy books. As of 2013, the novels had sold more than 21 million copies worldwide and had been translated into 44 languages, making them one of the best-selling series of all time. In a 2010 public poll, readers also voted Artemis Fowl as their favorite Puffin Books title of all time.

Colfer worked as a primary school teacher before he became a full-time writer. In September 2008, Colfer was commissioned to write the sixth instalment of the Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy series, titled And Another Thing ..., which was published in October 2009. In October 2016, in a contract with Marvel Comics, he released Iron Man: The Gauntlet. He served as Laureate na nÓg (Ireland's Children's Laureate) between 2014 and 2016.
Diocese of Beauvais
The Diocese of Beauvais, Noyon, and Senlis (Latin: Dioecesis Bellovacensis, Noviomensis et Silvanectensis; French: Diocèse de Beauvais, Noyon et Senlis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in France. The diocese encompasses the department of Oise in the region of Hauts-de-France. The diocese is a suffragan of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Reims. The current bishop is Jacques Benoit-Gonnin, appointed in 2010.

In 2022, in the Diocese of Beauvais, Noyon and Senlis there was one priest for every 5,747 Catholics.

Oise
Oise (/wɑːz/ WAHZ; French: [waz] ⓘ; Picard: Oése) is a department in the north of France. It is named after the river Oise. Inhabitants of the department are called Oisiens (French: [wazjɛ̃]) or Isariens, after the Latin name for the river, Isara. It had a population of 829,419 in 2019.