hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Homfreyganj massacre
The Homfreyganj massacre was a massacre of suspected spies during World War II in the occupied Andaman Islands.

On January 30, 1944, 44 Indian civilians, suspected of spying, were put to death by the Japanese. They were all shot dead at point-blank range. The majority of the victims were members of the Indian Independence League.

At the time of the massacre, the Andaman Islands were technically under Azad Hind control, although in fact, the Japanese were very much in charge. Despite the lack of practical authority, the Azad Hind government was often accused of "failing its people".

Massacre
A massacre is an event of killing defenseless human beings or other animals. It is generally used to describe a targeted mass killing of civilians by an armed group. It can also be used figuratively to refer to a one-sided exchange between armed groups. The word is a loan of a French term for "butchery" or "carnage". Other terms with overlapping scope include war crime, pogrom, mass killing, mass murder, and extrajudicial killing.
David Douglas Cunningham
David Douglas Cunningham CIE FRS FZS FLS (29 September 1843 – 31 December 1914) was a Scottish medical doctor and researcher who worked extensively in India on various aspects of public health and medicine. He studied the spread of bacteria and the spores of fungi through the air and conducted research on cholera. In his spare time he also studied the local plants and animals.

Linnean Society of London
The Linnean Society of London is a learned society dedicated to the study and dissemination of information concerning natural history, evolution, and taxonomy. It possesses several important biological specimen, manuscript and literature collections, and publishes academic journals and books on plant and animal biology. The society also awards a number of prestigious medals and prizes.

A product of the 18th-century enlightenment, the society is the oldest extant biological society in the world and is historically important as the venue for the first public presentation of the theory of evolution by natural selection on 1 July 1858.

The patron of the society is Anne, Princess Royal. Vice-patrons include: Emeritus Emperor Akihito of Japan, King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden (both have active interests in natural history), and the eminent naturalist and broadcaster Sir David Attenborough.
Sadegh Hedayat
Sadegh Hedayat (Persian: صادق هدایت, Persian pronunciation: [ˈsɑːdɛq-ɛ hɛdɑːˈjæt] listenⓘ; 17 February 1903 – 9 April 1951) was an Iranian writer, translator, satirist, and poet. Best known for his novel The Blind Owl, he was one of the earliest Iranian writers to adopt literary modernism in their career. He is widely considered to be the father of the atheist movement in Iran.

Literary modernism
Modernist literature originated in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and is characterised by a self-conscious separation from traditional ways of writing in both poetry and prose fiction writing. Modernism experimented with literary form and expression, as exemplified by Ezra Pound's maxim to "Make it new". This literary movement was driven by a conscious desire to overturn traditional modes of representation and express the new sensibilities of the time. The immense human costs of the First World War saw the prevailing assumptions about society reassessed, and much modernist writing engages with the technological advances and societal changes of modernity moving into the 20th century. In Modernist Literature, Mary Ann Gillies notes that these literary themes share the "centrality of a conscious break with the past", one that "emerges as a complex response across continents and disciplines to a changing world".
North West Plains (New South Wales)
The North West Plains region of New South Wales, Australia, includes the administrative areas of Moree Plains Shire, Narrabri Shire, Gunnedah Shire and Liverpool Plains Shire councils. The region is important economically for agricultural industries, especially for broadacre cropping and cotton production, and accounts for 12.7% of the Gross Value of Production of the state, despite being only 5.9% of the state's agricultural production area.

In 2016, the Australian Bureau of Statistics reported the population of the region as 46,145.

The natural vegetation of the area is shrubland or low woodland, with an open to semi-continuous groundcover dominated by tussock grasses.

Broadacre
Broadacre in Australia is land suitable for farms practicing large-scale crop operations. The key crop segments in this category are as follows:

oilseeds - canola, sunflowers

winter and summer cereals - wheat, barley, oats, triticale, sorghum, maize, millets

pulses - lupins, chickpeas, faba beans, field peas, mung beans, soybeans, lentils

sugar cane

rice

Within Australia today, these crops are farmed across more than 200,000 square kilometres (77,000 sq mi).

Broadacre is defined also as land parcels greater than 4,000 square metres (43,000 sq ft) and certain land-use criteria for all government land designated for release and future urban zoned land.
Vaulter (Succession)
"Vaulter" is the second episode of the second season of the American satirical comedy-drama television series Succession, and the 12th episode overall. It was written by Jon Brown and directed by Andrij Parekh, and originally aired on HBO on August 18, 2019.

In the episode, Kendall and Roman are tasked with reviewing the performance of Vaulter, a media startup whose acquisition he personally engineered. Tom begins work at Waystar's right-leaning news network ATN and becomes privy to Shiv's expanding future at the company. The episode became notable among critics for its satire of online news publications and its various parallels to ongoing issues in the journalism industry.

News broadcasting
News broadcasting is the medium of broadcasting various news events and other information via television, radio, or the internet in the field of broadcast journalism. The content is usually either produced locally in a radio studio or television studio newsroom, or by a broadcast network. A news broadcast may include material such as sports coverage, weather forecasts, traffic reports, political commentary, expert opinions, editorial content, and other material that the broadcaster feels is relevant to their audience. An individual news program is typically reported in a series of individual stories that are presented by one or more anchors. A frequent inclusion is live or recorded interviews by field reporters.
Honey (Scandal album)
Honey is the eighth studio album by Japanese rock band Scandal. The album was released on February 14, 2018, by Epic Records Japan. It features a total of ten songs, including the 2016 single "Take Me Out". Honey reached number 3 on both the Oricon and Billboard Japan charts. The album was released on March 2, 2018, in Europe and North America by JPU Records.

JPU Records
JPU Records is a British record label formed in 2012, which specializes in handling international releases by Japanese artists. Notable acts on JPU's roster include The Gazette, Band-Maid, Lovebites, and Nemophila.
Susan Cernyak-Spatz
Susan E. Cernyak-Spatz (July 27, 1922 – November 17, 2019) was an Austrian-born professor of German language and literature at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte. She was a Holocaust survivor. Her memoir, Protective Custody: Prisoner 34042, was published in 2005.

University of North Carolina at Charlotte
The University of North Carolina at Charlotte (UNC Charlotte, or simply Charlotte) is a public research university in Charlotte, North Carolina, United States. UNC Charlotte offers 24 doctoral, 66 master's, and 79 bachelor's degree programs through nine colleges. It is classified among "R1: Very High Research Spending and Doctorate Production."

The university experienced rapid enrollment growth in the late 2000s and early-mid 2010s when it was the fastest-growing institution in the UNC System.

It has two campuses: the Main Campus, located in University City, and the Center City Campus in Uptown Charlotte. The main campus sits on 1,000 wooded acres with approximately 85 buildings about 8 miles (13 km) from Uptown Charlotte.
Sikhism in China
Sikhism in China is a minority religion in the People's Republic of China (Mandarin Chinese: 锡克教在中国, romanized: Xí kè jiào zài zhōngguó, lit. 'Sikhism in China'). Sikhism originated from the Punjab region of the northern Indian subcontinent.

Skardu
Skardu (Urdu: سکردو, romanised: skardū, Tibetan script: སྐར་མདོ, pronounced [skərduː]) is a city located in Pakistan-administered Gilgit-Baltistan in the disputed Kashmir region. Skardu serves as the capital of Skardu District and the Baltistan Division. It is situated at an average elevation of nearly 2,500 metres (8,202 feet) above sea level in the Skardu Valley, at the confluence of the Indus and Shigar rivers.

Skardu is an important gateway to the eight-thousanders of the nearby Karakoram mountain range. The Indus River running through the region separates the Karakoram from the Ladakh Range.
Charles Roux (biologist)
Charles Roux (1920 – c. 2000) was a French marine biologist who was the research director at the Centre oceanographique de Pointe-Noire in the French Congo and in 1987 became a professor and deputy director at the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle in Paris. He attained his doctorate award in 1982 and was the author of a number of papers and books, notably co-writing Ocean Dwellers (Nature's hidden world) with Yves Verbreek. He was one of the six founders of the Société Française d’Ichtyologie in 1976, along with Marie-Louise Bauchot, Jacques Daget, Jean-Claude Hureau, Théodore Monod and Yves Plessis.

French Congo
The French Congo (French: Congo français), also known as Middle Congo (French: Moyen-Congo), was a French colony which at one time comprised the present-day area of the Republic of the Congo and parts of Gabon, and the Central African Republic. In 1910, it was made part of the larger French Equatorial Africa.

The modern Republic of the Congo is considered French Congo's successor state, having virtually identical borders, and having inherited rights to sovereignty and independence from France through the dissolution of French Equatorial Africa in the late 1950s.
Monroe Golf Club
Monroe Golf Club is a  Donald Ross-designed course in Pittsford, New York, a suburb southeast of Rochester.  Opened for play in 1924, it is home to the annual Monroe Invitational Championship, a highly regarded amateur event first played in 1937.

Monroe Golf Club was ranked #96 in Golfweek's 2011 top 100 best classic courses. Nearby to the northwest is the well-known Oak Hill Country Club, also designed by Ross.

Pittsford, New York
Pittsford is an incorporated town in Monroe County, New York, United States. A suburb of Rochester, its population was 30,617 at the time of the 2020 census. Formerly part of the town of Northfield, Pittsford was settled in 1789 and incorporated in 1796. The village of Pittsford was incorporated in 1827. It was named by Colonel Caleb Hopkins, a War of 1812 hero and subsequently Pittsford town supervisor, for the town of his birth, Pittsford, Vermont.

The Erie Canal passes through the town.
Hanna Poznikhirenko
Hanna Serhiyivna Poznikhirenko (Ukrainian: Ганна Сергіївна Позніхіренко; born 8 April 1994) is an inactive Ukrainian tennis player.

She has career-high WTA rankings of 255 in singles, achieved on 28 May 2018, and of 214 in doubles, reached on 27 August 2018. During her career, she has won four singles titles and eleven doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit.

Poznikhirenko won her first $60k title in 2018 at the Internazionali di Brescia in the doubles draw, partnering Cristina Dinu.

Cristina Dinu
Cristina Dinu (born 18 January 1993) is a professional Romanian tennis player.
On 30 September 2013, she reached her best singles ranking of world No. 179. On 20 May 2019, she peaked at No. 153 in the doubles rankings.

Dinu has won 25 singles and 32 doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit.
Reggie Rhodes
Reggie Rhodes (born August 29, 1980) is an American former professional football defensive lineman. He was a member of the Miami Dolphins, Berlin Thunder, Los Angeles Avengers, and Columbus Destroyers.

Columbus Destroyers
The Columbus Destroyers were an Arena Football League (AFL) team based in Columbus, Ohio, with home games in Nationwide Arena. The team was founded in 1999 as the Buffalo Destroyers, based in Buffalo, New York, and relocated to Columbus in 2004. They folded along with the original incarnation of the AFL following the 2008 season, after a total of ten seasons of play.

On February 7, 2019, the AFL announced that it had placed an expansion team in Columbus and once again play at Nationwide Arena. The league announced on February 22, 2019, that the team as a re-launch of the Destroyers and revealed the new logo and Matthew Sauk as the head coach.

After the 2019 season, the AFL announced that they had suspended local business operations including the Destroyers, but were looking into become a traveling league. A month later, on November 27, 2019, the league announced that they had filed for Chapter 7 bankruptcy and were ceasing operations.
Lifestyle Marketing
Lifestyle Marketing is the debut studio album by producer and musician Thes One (of the Los Angeles hip hop group People Under The Stairs). It is an instrumental concept album consisting almost entirely of samples taken from radio and television advertising jingles created by Herb Pilhofer of Sound 80 Incorporated.

Jingle
A jingle is a short song or tune used in advertising and for other commercial uses. Jingles are a form of sound branding. A jingle contains one or more hooks and meanings that explicitly promote the product or service being advertised, usually through the use of one or more advertising slogans.   Ad buyers use jingles in radio and television commercials; they can also be used in non-advertising contexts to establish or maintain a brand image.  Many jingles are also created using snippets of popular songs, in which lyrics are modified to appropriately advertise the product or service.
Love Sensation
"Love Sensation" is a 1980 song performed by American R&B singer Loleatta Holloway, taken from her album of the same name. The song was  written and produced by Dan Hartman, arranged by Norman Harris, and mixed by Tom Moulton. It was a hit on the U.S. Hot Dance Club Play chart, where the song spent a week at No. 1 in September 1980. Vocals from the song have been widely sampled, particularly in electronic dance music, such as in the 1989 Black Box song "Ride on Time".

Tom Moulton
Thomas Jerome Moulton (/ˈmoʊltən/, MOHL-tən; born November 29, 1940) is an American record producer. He experimented with remix in disco music and this led to its wide adoption as a standard practice in the industry. He also invented the breakdown section, and the twelve-inch single vinyl format in the process.
Gilo
Gilo (Hebrew: גילה) is an Israeli settlement in south-western East Jerusalem, with a population of 30,000. Although it is located within the Jerusalem Municipality, it is widely considered a settlement, because as one of the five Ring Neighborhoods built by Israel surrounding Jerusalem, it was built on land in the West Bank that was occupied by and effectively annexed to Israel following the 1967 Six-Day War and 1980 Jerusalem Law.

The international community regards Israeli settlements illegal under international law, although Israel disputes this. Israel also disputes its designation as a settlement, and it is administered as part of the Jerusalem municipality.

Jerusalem Law
Jerusalem Law (Hebrew: חוֹק יְסוֹד: יְרוּשָׁלַיִם בִּירַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, Arabic: قانون القدس) is a common name of Basic Law: Jerusalem, Capital of Israel passed by the Knesset on 30 July 1980.

Although the law did not use the term, the Israeli Supreme Court interpreted the law as an effective annexation of East Jerusalem. The United Nations Security Council condemned the attempted change in status to Jerusalem and ruled the law "null and void" in United Nations Security Council Resolution 478.
Erdenekhairkhan, Zavkhan
Erdenekhairkhan (Mongolian: Эрдэнэхайрхан, lit. 'Jewel Mountain') is a district of Zavkhan Province in western Mongolia. The district centre is 13 km south of Goliin Ekh (Mongolian: Голийн эх, lit. 'River Source'), the source of Elsiin River (Mongolian: Элсийн гол, lit. 'Sandy River') running to the Airag Lake. In 2005, its population was 1,771.

Airag Lake
Airag Lake is a lake in Zavkhan, Uvs Province, Mongolia in the Great Lakes Depression. It is in a system of the interconnected lakes: Khar-Us, Khar, Dörgön, and Khyargas.

The lake was in the same basin as the Khyargas Lake in ancient times.

The depth of the lake generally varies with the inflow river flow. The lake flows into Khyargas Lake along a 5 km long, 200–300 m wide canal, which does not freeze in winter.

During the summer the lake warms up almost to the very bottom. Even in winter, the temperature remains fairly constant, 1 - 2.5 °C. Compared to other lakes, the water is not very clear.
Lilydale, Victoria
Lilydale is an outer eastern suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 34 km east from Melbourne's central business district, located within the Shire of Yarra Ranges local government area. Lilydale recorded a population of 17,348 at the 2021 census.

Situated in the Yarra Valley, it began as a town within the former Shire of Lillydale and is also notable as the burial site of Dame Nellie Melba (Lilydale Cemetery).

It is both a residential area of metropolitan Melbourne and an industrial area on the city's rural-urban fringe.

Peri-urbanisation
Peri-urbanisation relates to the processes of scattered and dispersive urban growth that create hybrid landscapes of fragmented and mixed urban and rural characteristics. Such areas may be referred to as the rural–urban fringe, the outskirts or the urban hinterland.
Ingmar Zahorsky
Ingmar Zahorsky (born 17 February 1983 in Eckernförde, Schleswig-Holstein)  is a photojournalist and award-winning media artist from Germany. He is the son of physicist Karl-Heinz Zahorsky who is the founder and president of LaserSoft Imaging AG. He is an honors graduate of The Art Institutes, San Francisco.

Zahorsky's commercial media work for clients such as Yahoo!, AMD and Cisco had a wide audience on television and the web. He worked as a videographer on the full dome planetarium show Maya Skies. The show had its world premiere at the Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City on 23 October 2009.

His journalism career started at Amateur Illustrator for which he interviewed artists such as Dana Lynne Anderson, Jacob Appelbaum and Ali Jamalzadeh. Recently he worked in Nepal, Kathmandu covering the Maoist uprising.

Zahorsky currently is the photo editor of CHINAsia Update, a diplomatic southeast Asian magazine.

LaserSoft Imaging
LaserSoft Imaging AG is a software developer designing image processing software such as SilverFast for scanners and large format printers. The company's headquarters is located in Kiel, Germany, 100 kilometres (62 mi) north of Hamburg, and another office in Sarasota, Florida, United States.
Raymond Calverley
Raymond R. "Ray" Calverley (born 3 April 1951 in Haslingden) is a British retired slalom canoeist who competed from the late 1960s to the mid-1970s. He won a silver medal in the K-1 team event at the 1969 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships in Bourg St.-Maurice.

Calverley finished 32nd in the K-1 event at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich.

Calverley was a graduate of Fitzwilliam College, Cambridge.

1969 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships
The 1969 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships were held in Bourg St.-Maurice, France under the auspices of International Canoe Federation. It was the 11th edition. The mixed C2 team event returned for the third and final time after not being held at the previous championships. East Germany, having one medal at every occasion since 1951, didn't take part because of political reasons.
2015–16 Wake Forest Demon Deacons women's basketball team
The 2015–16 Wake Forest Demon Deacons women's basketball team represented Wake Forest University during the 2015–16 college basketball season. The Demon Deacons, led by fourth year head coach Jen Hoover, were members of the Atlantic Coast Conference and played their home games at the Lawrence Joel Veterans Memorial Coliseum.  They finished the season 17–16, 6–10 in ACC play to finish in a tie for ninth place. They advanced to the second round of the ACC women's tournament, where they lost to Georgia Tech. They were invited to the Women's National Invitation Tournament, where they defeated Charlotte in the first round before losing to Florida Gulf Coast in the second round.

2016 ACC women's basketball tournament
The 2016 Atlantic Coast Conference women's basketball tournament was the postseason women's basketball tournament for the Atlantic Coast Conference held March 2–6, 2016, in Greensboro, North Carolina, at the Greensboro Coliseum. Notre Dame won their 3rd straight ACC tournament title to earn an automatic trip to the NCAA women's tournament.
Toyota Probox
The Toyota Probox (Japanese: トヨタ・プロボックス, Hepburn: Toyota Purobokkusu) is a 5-door, 2- or 4-seater passenger car (Probox Wagon) and light commercial van (Probox Van) produced by the Japanese automaker Toyota since July 2002. It replaced the Corolla/Sprinter van and served as a slightly shorter version of the now-discontinued Toyota Succeed.

The Probox has been a commercial success with stable sales for 20 years. It is notable that its design has remained largely unchanged since 2002 due to buyer preference. A significant redesign in 2014 was presented as a facelift by Toyota, to avoid putting off buyers who disdain needless changes.

Commercial vehicle
A commercial vehicle is any type of motor vehicle used for transporting goods or paying passengers. Depending on laws and designations, a commercial vehicle can be any broad type of motor vehicle used commercially or for business purposes.
Plant evolution
Plant evolution is the subset of evolutionary phenomena that concern plants. Evolutionary phenomena are characteristics of populations that are described by averages, medians, distributions, and other statistical methods. This distinguishes plant evolution from plant development, a branch of developmental biology which concerns the changes that individuals go through in their lives. The study of plant evolution attempts to explain how the present diversity of plants arose over geologic time. It includes the study of genetic change and the consequent variation that often results in speciation, one of the most important types of radiation into taxonomic groups called clades. A description of radiation is called a phylogeny and is often represented by type of diagram called a phylogenetic tree.

Developmental biology
Developmental biology is the scientific study of the processes by which animals and plants grow and develop. The field of developmental biology is further defined by its study of phenomena such as regeneration, asexual reproduction, metamorphosis, and the growth and differentiation of stem cells within the adult organism.