hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Yandex Translate
Yandex Translate (Russian: Яндекс Переводчик, romanized: Yandeks Perevodchik) is a web service provided by Yandex, intended for the translation of web pages into another language.

The service uses a self-learning statistical machine translation, developed by Yandex. The system constructs the dictionary of single-word translations based on the analysis of millions of translated texts. In order to translate the text, the computer first compares it to a database of words. The computer then compares the text to the base language models, trying to determine the meaning of an expression in the context of the text.

In September 2017, Yandex.Translate switched to a hybrid approach incorporating both statistical machine translation and neural machine translation models.

The translation page first appeared in 2009, utilizing PROMT, and was also built into Yandex Browser itself, to assist in translation for websites.

Neural machine translation
Neural machine translation (NMT) is an approach to machine translation that uses an artificial neural network to predict the likelihood of a sequence of words, typically modeling entire sentences in a single integrated model.

It is the dominant approach today: 293 : 1  and can produce translations that rival human translations when translating between high-resource languages under specific conditions. However, there still remain challenges, especially with languages that have less high-quality data available,: 293  and with domain shift between the data a system was trained on and the texts it is supposed to translate.: 293  NMT systems also tend to produce fairly literal translations.
Psilocybe eximia
Psilocybe eximia is a species of psilocybin mushroom in the family Hymenogastraceae. It is found in Java, Indonesia, where it grows in muddy soil among ferns, grasses, moss, and leaf litter. The fungus was described as new to science in 2006 by mycologists Egon Horak and Dennis Desjardin.

Plant litter
Plant litter (also leaf litter, tree litter, soil litter, litterfall, or duff) is dead plant material (such as leaves, bark, needles, twigs, and cladodes) that has fallen to the ground. This detritus or dead organic material and its constituent nutrients are added to the top layer of soil, commonly known as the litter layer or O-horizon ("O" for "organic"). Litter is an important factor in ecosystem dynamics, as it is indicative of ecological productivity and may be useful in predicting regional nutrient cycling and soil fertility.
Marine biodiversity of South Africa
The Marine biodiversity of South Africa  is the variety of living organisms that live in the seas off the coast of South Africa. It includes genetic, species and ecosystems biodiversity in a range of habitats spread over a range of ecologically varied regions, influenced by the geomorphology of the seabed and circulation of major and local water masses, which distribute both living organisms and nutrients in complex and time-variable patterns.

South Africa has a wide range of marine diversity with coastline in three oceans, two major current systems, major ocean frontal systems and benthic topography extending to a maximum depth of 5 700 m. There are 179 defined marine ecosystem types, 150 of them around South Africa and 29 around the sub-Antarctic territory of the Prince Edward Islands.

Geomorphology
Geomorphology (from Ancient Greek  γῆ (gê) 'earth'  μορφή (morphḗ) 'form' and  λόγος (lógos) 'study') is the scientific study of the origin and evolution of topographic and bathymetric features generated by physical, chemical or biological processes operating at or near Earth's surface. Geomorphologists seek to understand why landscapes look the way they do, to understand landform and terrain history and dynamics and to predict changes through a combination of field observations, physical experiments and numerical modeling. Geomorphologists work within disciplines such as physical geography, geology, geodesy, engineering geology, archaeology, climatology, and geotechnical engineering. This broad base of interests contributes to many research styles and interests within the field.
Experimenter Gallery
Experimenter is a contemporary art gallery co-founded by Priyanka and Prateek Raja in Kolkata. It represents several important artists in the contemporary art scene from across the globe. The gallery functions as an incubator for contemporary art practice spread across various disciplines and media.

CAMP (studio)
CAMP is a Mumbai-based studio for transdisciplinary media practices founded by Shaina Anand (born 1975 in Mumbai, India), Sanjay Banghar, and Ashok Sukumaran (born 1974 in Sapporo, Japan). CAMP's work has been concerned with the history and politics of technology and experimental video and audio.

CAMP's work has been exhibited internationally, including at the 2009, 20011 and the 2013 Sharjah Biennials, the 2012 New Museum Triennial, Documenta 13 in Kassel and Kabul, the 2013 edition of the Viennale, the 2014 edition of the Shanghai Biennale, the 2017 edition of the Skulptur Projekte Münster, the 2012 and 2022 Kochi Muziris Biennale, and in the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) of New York, in 2025, with a monographic show titled Video After Video: The Critical Media of CAMP.
Table tennis at the 2012 Summer Paralympics – Women's individual – Class 3
The Women's individual table tennis - Class 3 tournament at the 2012 Summer Paralympics in London took place from 30 August to 3 September 2012 at ExCeL Exhibition Centre. Classes 1-5 were for athletes with a physical impairment that affects their legs, and who competed in a sitting position. The lower the number, the greater the impact the impairment was on an athlete’s ability to compete.

In the preliminary stage, athletes competed in six groups of three. Winners of each group qualified for the quarter-finals, together with two seeded players, who were given byes from the preliminary round.

Excel London
Excel London (formerly styled as ExCeL, an abbreviation for Exhibition Centre London) is an international exhibition and convention centre in the Custom House area of Newham, East London. The facility is situated on a 100-acre (0.40 km2) site on the northern quay of the Royal Victoria Dock in London Docklands, located between Canary Wharf and London City Airport.
Apsley Shire
Apsley Shire was a local government area in the New England region of New South Wales, Australia.

Apsley Shire was proclaimed on 7 March 1906, one of 134 shires created after the passing of the Local Government (Shires) Act 1905.

The shire offices were based in Walcha.

The Shire was amalgamated with the Municipality of Walcha to form Walcha Shire on 1 June 1955.

New England (New South Wales)
New England is a geographical region in the north of the state of New South Wales, Australia, about 60 km (37 mi) inland from the Tasman Sea. The area includes the Northern Tablelands (or New England Tablelands) and the North West Slopes regions. As of 2021, New England had a population of 185,560, with over a quarter of the people living in the area of Tamworth Regional Council.
Tray Maddox
Traveon Kierr Maddox Jr. (born August 13, 2000) is an American professional basketball player for the Windsor Express of the Basketball Super League. He played college basketball for the Oakland Golden Grizzlies, Cal State Fullerton Titans and Western Michigan Broncos.

Cal State Fullerton Titans men's basketball
The Cal State Fullerton Titans men's basketball team is the basketball team that represents California State University, Fullerton in Fullerton, California, United States.  The school's team currently competes in the Big West Conference.
Libotonius
Libotonius is an extinct genus of percopsiform fish which lived during the early Eocene epoch and contains two species, the type species Libotonius blakeburnensis plus Libotonius pearsoni. Libotonius has been variously treated as part of the expanded Percopsidae family, or formerly as a member of the monotypic family Libotoniidae.

Pterygoid bone
The pterygoid is a paired bone forming part of the palate of many vertebrates, behind the palatine bones.

It is a flat and thin lamina, united to the medial side of the pterygoid process of the sphenoid bone, and to the perpendicular lamina of the palatine bone. In many early tetrapods the pterygoid bears teeth (palatal dentition), which are retained by some living squamates.
Wei-min Hao
Wei-Min Hao (Chinese: 郝慰民; born 7 April 1953) is a Taiwanese-American atmospheric chemist, climatologist, and currently works in the United States Department of Agriculture. His work directly contributed to the reason for awarding the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize. He is a member of the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and an author of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).

2007 Nobel Peace Prize
The 2007 Nobel Peace Prize was shared, in two equal parts, between the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (founded in 1988) and United States former vice president, Al Gore (b. 1948) "for their efforts to build up and disseminate greater knowledge about man-made climate change, and to lay the foundations for the measures that are needed to counteract such change".
Michael Garteig
Michael Garteig (born November 5, 1991) is a Canadian professional ice hockey goaltender who is currently playing for Augsburger Panther in the Deutsche Eishockey Liga (DEL). Garteig has previously played for Utica Comets and Toronto Marlies of the American Hockey League (AHL).

Toronto Marlies
The Toronto Marlies are a professional ice hockey team based in Toronto. They compete in the American Hockey League (AHL) as a member of the North Division of the Eastern Conference. The Marlies are owned by Maple Leaf Sports & Entertainment, a company that owns several professional sports teams in the city, including their NHL affiliate, the Toronto Maple Leafs. The Marlies have played their home games at Coca-Cola Coliseum since 2005.

The Marlies were established as the New Brunswick Hawks in 1978. The team relocated three times, to St. Catharines, Newmarket, and St. John's, before relocating to Toronto in 2005. As a part of its relocation to Toronto, the team was renamed the Marlies, after the Toronto Marlboros, a junior hockey team formerly sponsored by the Maple Leafs. The Marlies have advanced to the Calder Cup Finals in 2012 and 2018, with the Marlies having won the latter series.
Pokrovka, Klyuchevsky District, Altai Krai
Pokrovka (Russian: Покровка) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Pokrovsky Selsoviet of Klyuchevsky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 481 as of 2016. There are 6 streets.

Altai Krai
Altai Krai (Russian: Алтайский край, IPA: [ɐlˈtajskʲɪj kraj]) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai). It borders, clockwise from the west, Kazakhstan (East Kazakhstan Region, Abai Region and Pavlodar Region), Novosibirsk and Kemerovo, and the Altai Republic. Its administrative centre is the city of Barnaul. As of the 2021 Census, the population of the krai was 2,163,693.
Hotel Relax
Hotel Relax (Bengali: হোটেল রিল্যাক্স) is a 2023 Bangladeshi comedy-thriller web series. The series was directed by Kajal Arefin Ome and produced by Mushfiqur Rahman Manzu. It is a Bongo Original series of Bongo BD. The story was written by Kajal Arefin Ome. The series features Ziaul Hoque Polash, Saidur Rahman Pavel, Marzuk Russell, Parsa Evana, Mishu Sabbir, Shimul Sharma, Musafire Syed Bacchu, Chasi Alam, Lamima Lam, Saraf Ahmed Zibon and Purnima. The web series follows the story of a businessman, a fraud, a kidnapper and a gangster check-in in the same hotel. Their plan to relax at the hotel puts them in more trouble than they had anticipated.

Bongo BD
Bongo established in 2013, is Bangladesh's pioneer and largest video-on-demand streaming service. The platform commenced with the streaming of classic content on its YouTube channel, starting in January 2014.
Kiss the Bride (song)
"Kiss the Bride" is a song by British musician Elton John and lyricist Bernie Taupin, from John's 17th studio album Too Low for Zero. Released as the album's third single, the upbeat song was a top 40 hit in many countries. It reached No. 20 on the UK singles chart, No. 25 on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart, No. 25 in Australia, No. 37 in Canada, No. 17 in Ireland, and No. 32 in New Zealand. In Germany, the song peaked at No. 58.

John played this song on setlists from 1984 until the 1989 leg of his Sleeping with the Past Tour. The music video of the song was directed by the rock duo Godley & Creme, formerly of the art rock group 10cc.

Art rock
Art rock is a subgenre of rock music that aims to separate the genre from popular entertainment, with the term typically being applied as the middle ground between mainstream and experimental rock. Art rock primarily draws influences from the wider art world  and academia; which includes contemporary art, art music, avant-garde art, experimental music, avant-garde music, alongside classical music and jazz.

Critics have defined art rock as a "rejection" of rock music intended solely for the purpose of popular entertainment or dancing. The term was closely associated with a specific period beginning in 1966–67, which became influential to the development of progressive rock.
East Andover, New Hampshire
East Andover is an unincorporated community in the town of Andover in Merrimack County, New Hampshire, United States. The center of the community forms the East Andover Village Center Historic District.

The village is located on the east shore of Highland Lake, along New Hampshire Route 11 in the eastern portion of Andover. Route 11 runs east to Franklin and New Hampshire's Lakes Region, and runs west to the rest of Andover and the Lake Sunapee region. The village was a station along the former Northern Railroad connecting Concord to the southeast with White River Junction, Vermont to the northwest. The railroad grade is now the route of the Northern Rail Trail, currently extending from Penacook in the east to Lebanon in the west.

East Andover has a separate ZIP code (03231) from the rest of the town of Andover.

Franklin, New Hampshire
Franklin is a city in Merrimack County, New Hampshire, United States. At the 2020 census, the population was 8,741, the lowest figure of New Hampshire's 13 cities. Franklin includes the village of West Franklin.
Brown's Falls Reservoir
Brown's Falls Reservoir is a man-made lake located by Newton Falls, New York. Fish species present in the reservoir are smallmouth bass, northern pike, brown bullhead, white sucker, rock bass, yellow perch, and walleye. You can only access the lake with permission from Reliant Energy.

Rock bass
The rock bass (Ambloplites rupestris), also known as the rock perch, goggle-eye, red eye, and black perch, is a freshwater fish native to east-central North America. This red-eyed fish is a species of freshwater fish in the sunfish family (Centrarchidae) of order Centrarchiformes and can be distinguished from other similar species by the six spines in the anal fin (other sunfish have only three anal fin spines).
John Waugh (priest)
Christianity portal

John Waugh (died 19 April 1765) was Dean of Worcester from 1751 until his death.

Waugh was born in the parish of St Bride's Church, London, the son of John Waugh (later Dean of Gloucester and Bishop of Carlisle). He was educated at The Queen's College, Oxford, matriculating in 1722, graduating B.A. 1724, M.A. 1727, D.C.L. 1735 (incorporated LL.D. at Cambridge in 1749).

He was Vicar of Stanwix, Cumberland, from 1727 to 1765; Prebendary and Chancellor of Carlisle Cathedral from 1727 until 1751; and  Vicar of Bromsgrove tith the Mastership of St Oswald's Hospital, Worcester, from 1754.

The Queen's College, Oxford
The Queen's College is a constituent college of the University of Oxford, England. The college was founded in 1341 by Robert de Eglesfield in honour of Philippa of Hainault, queen of England. It is distinguished by its predominantly neoclassical architecture, primarily dating from the 18th century.

As of 2022, the college had an endowment of £327.8 million making it the fifth-wealthiest Oxford college (after Christ Church, Magdalen, St. John's, and All Souls).
Nakhara
Nakhara (Russian: Нахара; Yakut: Наахара, Naaxara) is a rural locality (a selo), the only inhabited locality, and the administrative center of Nakharinsky Rural Okrug of Suntarsky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia, located 140 kilometers (87 mi) from Suntar, the administrative center of the district. Its population as of the 2010 Census was 113, down from 123 recorded during the 2002 Census.

Yakut language
The Yakut language (/jəˈkuːt/ yə-KOOT), also known as the Sakha language (/səˈxɑː/ sə-KHAH) or Yakutian, is a Siberian Turkic language spoken by around 450,000 native speakers—primarily by ethnic Yakuts. It is one of the official languages of the Sakha Republic, a republic in the Russian Federation.

The Yakut language has a large number of loanwords of Mongolic origin, a layer of vocabulary of unclear origin, as well as numerous recent borrowings from Russian. Like other Turkic languages, Yakut is an agglutinative language and features vowel harmony.
2024 Thailand Open – Doubles
Miyu Kato and Aldila Sutjiadi defeated Guo Hanyu and Jiang Xinyu in the final, 6–4, 1–6, [10–7] to win the doubles tennis title at the 2024 Thailand Open.

Chan Hao-ching and Wu Fang-hsien were the reigning champions, but Chan chose not to participate this year. Wu partnered Tamara Zidanšek, but lost in the quarterfinals to Guo and Jiang.

Jiang Xinyu
Jiang Xinyu (Chinese: 蒋欣玗; pinyin: Jiǎng Xīnyú; Mandarin pronunciation: [tɕjàŋ ɕín y̌]; born 3 March 1999) is a Chinese professional tennis player who specializes in doubles. She achieved a career-high doubles WTA ranking of world No. 25 on 3 November 2025. Jiang has won six doubles titles on the WTA Tour and 18 doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit. On 16 October 2023, she peaked at No. 511 in the singles rankings.

Playing for China Billie Jean King Cup team, she has a win-loss record of 6–1.
Cassels Lake
Cassels Lake (originally known as White Bear Lake) is a lake located within the Municipality of Temagami, in the Nipissing District, Ontario, Canada. It contains numerous portages, campsites and is one of three lakes on the eastern edge of the White Bear Forest. The lake is named in honour of Sir Walter Cassels, President of the Exchequer Court of Canada.

Federal Court of Canada
The Federal Court of Canada, which succeeded the Exchequer Court of Canada in 1971, was a national court of Canada that had limited jurisdiction to hear certain types of disputes arising under the federal government's legislative jurisdiction.  Originally composed of two divisions, the Appellate Division and the Trial Division, in 2003 the Court was split into two separate Courts, the Federal Court and the Federal Court of Appeal.  
The court used facilities at the Supreme Court of Canada Building as well as Thomas D'Arcy McGee Building and registry office at 90 Elgin Street.
Old Potter, Arkansas
Old Potter, also known as Potter Junction, is an unincorporated community in Potter Township, Polk County, Arkansas, United States. It is located along U.S. Route 59/U.S. Route 71 south of Mena, where Highway 375 (AR 375) begins. The community of Potter is 2 miles (3.2 km) west on AR 375, where it meets the Kansas City Southern Railway.

U.S. Route 59
U.S. Route 59 (US 59) is a north–south U.S. highway (though it was signed east–west in parts of Texas).  A latecomer to the U.S. Highway System, US 59 is now a border-to-border route, part of the NAFTA Corridor Highway System.  It parallels US 75 for nearly its entire route, never much more than 100 miles (160 km) away, until it veers southwest in Houston, Texas. Its number is out of place since US 59 is either concurrent with or entirely west of US 71. US 59 also goes into St Joseph seeing I-229 and I-29. The highway's northern terminus is nine miles (14 km) north of Lancaster, Minnesota, at the Lancaster–Tolstoi Border Crossing on the Canadian border, where it continues as Manitoba Highway 59. Its southern terminus is at the Mexican border in Laredo, Texas, where it continues as Mexican Federal Highway 85D.
Maltignano, Cascia
Maltignano is a frazione of the comune of Cascia in the Province of Perugia, Umbria, central Italy. It stands at an elevation of 714 metres above sea level. At the time of the Istat census of 2001 it had 130 inhabitants.

Province of Perugia
The province of Perugia (Italian: provincia di Perugia) is the larger of the two provinces in the Umbria region of Italy, comprising two-thirds of both the area and population of the region. Its capital is the city of Perugia. The province covered all of Umbria until 1927, when the province of Terni was carved out of its southern third. The province of Perugia has an area of 6,337 km2 and a total population of 636,531 as of 2025, covering about two-thirds of Umbria. It has 59 municipalities.

The province has numerous tourist attractions, especially artistic and historical ones, and is home to the Lake Trasimeno, the largest lake of Central Italy. It is historically the ancestral origin of the Umbri, while later it was a Roman province and then part of the Papal States until the late 19th century.
Banja of Peja
Banja of Peja (Albanian: Banja e Pejës, Serbian Cyrillic: Пећка Бања) is a township located in the municipality of Istog, Kosovo. To many people it is known by the name Ilixhe. It is a tourist health center with services in Istog and in the region, offering quality for inhabitation, highly developed infrastructure and services.

Metohija
Metohija (Serbian: Метохија), also known in Albanian as Dukagjin, (Albanian: Rrafshi i Dukagjinit, pronounced [ˈrafʃi i dukaˈɟinit]) is a large basin and the name of the region covering the southwestern part of Kosovo. The region covers 35% (3,891 km2) of Kosovo's total area. According to the 2024 census, the population of the region is 570,147.
Tern Island (Queensland)
Tern island is an island a few hundred metres north of Tern Cliffs and the Apudthama National Park in the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Queensland, Australia, in the Cape York Peninsula about 40 km southeast of Bamaga.

Bamaga
Bamaga (English: /ˈbæməɡə/ BAM-ə-gə, Kala Lagaw Ya: [ˈbamaɡa]) is an Indigenous town and locality about 40 kilometres (25 mi) from the northern tip of Cape York in the north of Queensland, Australia. It is within the Northern Peninsula Area Region. It is one of the northernmost settlements in continental Australia and is the administrative centre for the Northern Peninsula Area Regional Council.

In the 2021 census, the locality of Bamaga had a population of 1,186 people.
Ragamala
Ragamala or Raga mala ("garland of raga") can refer to:

Rāgmala (Sikhism), composition of twelve verses in the Guru Granth Sahib

Ragamala Dance Company, Minneapolis-based dance company that showcases the ancient Bharatanatyam dance form

Ragamala paintings, series of illustrative paintings of ragas (modes in Indian music)

Raga Mala (book), autobiography by Ravi Shankar, published in 1997

Ragamalika, a Carnatic music form with different verses set in different ragas

Raga Mala, sitar concerto by Ravi Shankar, first performed in 1981 and conducted by Zubin Mehta

Raga Mala (book)
Raga Mala is an autobiographic work by Indian classical musician Ravi Shankar, published in 1997 as a hand-bound, limited edition book by Genesis Publications. The initial print run was limited to 2000 signed and individually numbered copies, with a foreword by George Harrison, who also served as Shankar's editor. In addition, Oliver Craske was credited with providing "additional narrative".

In May 1998, American music magazine Billboard announced the release there of a boxed deluxe edition of the book (priced at $342), which included two CDs of music and a packet of incense.

The book was Shankar's second autobiography, after the 1968 publication of My Music, My Life. Following its original edition, Raga Mala was issued in mass-market format by New York publishers Welcome Rain in September 1999.