hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
History (theatrical genre)
History is one of the three main genres in Western theatre alongside tragedy and comedy, although it originated, in its modern form, thousands of years later than the other primary genres. For this reason, it is often treated as a subset of tragedy.  A play in this genre is known as a history play and is based on a historical narrative, often set in the medieval or early modern past. History emerged as a distinct genre from tragedy in Renaissance England. The best known examples of the genre are the history plays written by William Shakespeare, whose plays still serve to define the genre. History plays also appear elsewhere in Western literature, such as Thomas Heywood's Edward IV, Schiller's Mary Stuart or the Dutch national poet Joost van den Vondel's play Gijsbrecht van Aemstel.

Mary Stuart (Schiller play)
Mary Stuart (German: Maria Stuart, German pronunciation: [maˈʁiːa ˈstjuːɐt] ⓘ) is a verse play by Friedrich Schiller that depicts the last days of Mary, Queen of Scots. The play consists of five acts, each divided into several scenes. The play had its première in Weimar, Germany on 14 June 1800. The play formed the basis for Donizetti's opera Maria Stuarda (1835).
Bob Petrino Sr.
Vincent Robert "Putter" Petrino (April 18, 1937 – July 26, 2018) was an American football coach. He served as the head football coach at Carroll College in Helena, Montana from 1971 to 1998, compiling record of 163–90–2.

A native of Butte, Montana, Petrino graduated from Butte Central Catholic High School in 1955.  He then attended Western Montana College—now known as University of Montana Western—in Dillon, Montana, where played college football as a halfback, before graduating with bachelor's degree in physical education in 1959. Petrino began his coaching career at Grass Range High School in Grass Range, Montana, where as head football coach he led his team to two district championships in three years.

Petrino's sons, Bobby and Paul Petrino, each played college football as a quarterback for their father at Carroll and went on to coaching careers. Petrino died on July 26, 2018, at his home in Helena.

University of Montana Western
The University of Montana Western (UMW, Montana Western) is a public college in Dillon, Montana, United States. It is affiliated with the University of Montana and part of the Montana University System. It was founded in 1893 as "Montana State Normal School" and was also the "Western Montana College of the University of Montana" before becoming part of the Montana University System in 2000. Enrollment of full-time, degree seeking students as of Fall 2018 was 1,221 students.
The Curse of Peladon
The Curse of Peladon is the second serial of the ninth season of the British science fiction television series Doctor Who, which was first broadcast in four weekly parts on BBC1 from 29 January to 19 February 1972.

The serial is set on the superstitious and mineral-rich planet Peladon. In the serial, the alien time traveller the Third Doctor (Jon Pertwee) and his travelling companion Jo Grant (Katy Manning) discover the High Priest Hepesh (Geoffrey Toone) conspiring to stop Peladon from joining the Galactic Federation so that the old ways on the planet are preserved.

Companion (Doctor Who)
In the long-running BBC television science fiction programme Doctor Who and related works, the term "companion" refers to a character who travels with, or shares adventures with, the Doctor. A companion is generally the series' co-lead character alongside the Doctor for the duration of their tenure, and in most Doctor Who stories acts as an audience surrogate by providing the lens through which the viewer is introduced to the story, and often, the series itself.

The companion character often furthers the story by asking questions and getting into trouble; also by helping, rescuing, or challenging the Doctor. This designation is applied to a character by the show's producers and appears in the BBC's promotional material and off-screen fictional terminology. The Doctor also refers to the show's other leads as their "friends" or "assistants"; the British press have also used the latter term.
Micrurapteryx tortuosella
Micrurapteryx tortuosella is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan.

The larvae feed on Lathyrus species (including Lathyrus odoratus), Medicago species (including Medicago sativa) and Melilotus species. They mine the leaves of their host plant.

Gracillariidae
Gracillariidae is an important family of insects in the order Lepidoptera and the principal family of leaf miners that includes several economic, horticultural or recently invasive pest species such as the horse-chestnut leaf miner, Cameraria ohridella.
Cathedral Pines
Cathedral Pines is a 42-acre (17 ha) nature preserve owned and managed by The Nature Conservancy in Cornwall, Connecticut.  It is an old-growth white pine and hemlock forest which had been donated in 1967 by the Calhoun family who had purchased it in 1883 to prevent logging.  It was mostly destroyed by tornadoes in July 1989 and has become a study site for ecological restoration. It was designated a National Natural Landmark in 1982.

The remaining white pines are approximately 120 feet (37 m) to 140 feet (43 m) high. It is open to the public.

In his book Second Nature, writer Michael Pollan uses the aftermath of the 1989 tornado damage at Cathedral Pines as a case for discussion of environmental ethics.

The Nature Conservancy
The Nature Conservancy (TNC) is a global environmental organization headquartered in Arlington, Virginia, United States. As of 2021, it works via affiliates or branches in 79 countries and territories, as well as across every state in the US.

Founded in 1951, The Nature Conservancy has over one million members globally as of 2021 and has protected more than 119 million acres (48 million ha) of land in its history. As of 2014, it is the largest environmental non-profit organization by assets and revenue in the Americas.
Murray Vance
Murray Vance (born 12 April 1980) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with Carlton in the Australian Football League. Drafted with Carlton's first selection in 1998, Vance debuted the following year and played four senior games, but spent the majority of the season with the reserves, finishing second in their best and fairest. Plagued by injuries in 2000, he failed to play senior game that year. The following season Vance made just one senior appearance, before being dropped and again being beset by injuries. He was delisted by Carlton at the end of 2001 and went on to play for the Bendigo Bombers in the Victorian Football League.

Bendigo Gold Football Club
Bendigo Gold was an Australian rules football club based in Bendigo, Victoria. The club debuted in the Victorian Football League (VFL) in 1998 as the Bendigo Diggers Football Club, which remained its legal name for the duration of the club's existence despite subsequent nickname changes to the Bombers and then Gold in proceeding seasons. The club disbanded at the conclusion of the 2014 VFL season.
Gheorghe Titu
Gheorghe Titu is a Romanian sprint canoer who competed from the late 1970s to the mid-1980s. He won three medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with two silvers (C-1 10000 m: 1983, C-2 10000 m: 1979) and a bronze (C-1 10000 m: 1982).

1979 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships
The 1979 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships were held in Duisburg, West Germany.

The men's competition consisted of six Canadian (single paddle, open boat) and nine kayak events. Three events were held for the women, all in kayak.

This was the fifteenth championships in canoe sprint. It was where an incident later referred to as The Česiunas Affair took place when Soviet-born Lithuanian canoer Vladas Česiūnas appeared at the event as a spectator only to vanish. The West German government claimed Česiunas had defected, but the former canoer had returned to the Soviet Union voluntarily several weeks later. During Česiunas' disappearance, he would speak in favor of the 1980 Summer Olympics boycott, more than two months before the Soviet–Afghan War, but later returned to the Soviet Embassy in Bonn. The Soviets toned down their rhetoric about Česiunas' "disappearance" in the West and changed his mind all the while West Germany continued to maintain that he had been kidnapped.
2006 Davidoff Swiss Indoors – Doubles
Agustín Calleri and Fernando González were the defending champions, but Gonzalez chose not to participate, and only Calleri competed that year.

Calleri partnered with Juan Martín del Potro, but they were forced to withdraw due to a gluteal strain for Calleri, before their first round match against Mark Knowles and Daniel Nestor.

Mark Knowles and Daniel Nestor won in the final 4–6, 6–4, [10–8], against Mariusz Fyrstenberg and Marcin Matkowski.

Mariusz Fyrstenberg
Mariusz Stanisław Fyrstenberg (born 8 July 1980) is a retired Polish tennis player who was a doubles specialist.

Fyrstenberg primarily partnered Marcin Matkowski. The pair won the Madrid Open twice, in addition to reaching the final at the US Open. They also reached the final of the ATP Finals and participated six times at the event overall. Fyrstenberg won 18 doubles title in his career and achieved a highest ranking in doubles of world No. 6 in August 2012.

He is currently the coach of Jan Zieliński and Hugo Nys.
Billel Dziri
Billel Dziri (Arabic: بلال دزيري; born 21 January 1972) is an Algerian football manager, former player and the current head coach of ES Ben Aknoun.

After starting off with NA Hussein Dey, Dziri played most of his career with USM Alger and had spells with Étoile Sportive du Sahel in Tunisia, CS Sedan Ardennes in France and Al-Sadd in Qatar.

ES Ben Aknoun
Étoile Sportive Ben Aknoun (Arabic: النجم الرياضي لبن عكنون), known as ES Ben Aknoun  or simply ESBA for short, is an Algerian football club based in Hai Ouled Smail in Ben Aknoun. The club was founded in 1935 and its colours are Red black and white. Their home stadium, Mohamed Larbi Abada, has a capacity of 300 spectators  but the club receives its opponents in 20 August 1955 Stadium. The club is currently playing in the Algerian Ligue 2.
Paul Hensel (trade unionist)
Paul Hensel (1874 – 1949) was a German trade unionist.

Hensel worked as a butcher, and joined the a local union.  In 1900, this became part of the new Central Union of Butchers and Hensel was elected as the union's president.  Under his leadership, the union grew steadily, from 2,000 members in 1902, to 16,643 in 1927.  In 1913, it launched the International Federation of Meat Workers, with Hensel serving as its general secretary.

The International Federation merged into the new International Union of Food and Drink Workers' Associations in 1920, and in 1927, the Central Union of Butchers similarly merged into the Union of Food and Drink Workers.  Hensel became a member of the new union's board, and secretary of its meat workers' section.

Union of Food and Drink Workers
The Union of Food and Drink Workers (German: Verband der Nahrungsmittel- und Getränkearbeiter, VNG) was a trade union representing workers in the food and drink processing industry in Germany.

The union was founded in 1927, when the Central Union of Bakers and Confectioners merged with the Union of Brewery and Mill Workers, the Central Union of Butchers, and the Union of Coopers, Cellar Managers, and Helpers in Germany.  On formation, the union had 159,636 members and, like its predecessors, it affiliated to the General German Trade Union Confederation.  It was based in Berlin, and led by Eduard Backert.  In 1933, it was banned by the Nazis, and after World War II, workers in the industry were represented by the Food, Beverages and Catering Union.
John Thomas Simpson
John Thomas Simpson (27 October 1870 – 13 December 1965) was a Conservative member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was born in Waverley, Ontario and became a farmer and a municipal politician.

Simpson attended schools in Simcoe County, including Barrie Collegiate Institute. He served on the council of Simcoe County for 12 years, serving as councillor and reeve of Tiny Township, becoming the county warden in 1913 and county clerk in 1922. In 1919, he was an unsuccessful candidate in the 1919 Ontario election.

He was first elected to Parliament at the Simcoe North riding in the 1930 general election. After serving one term in the House of Commons, he was defeated by Duncan Fletcher McCuaig of the Liberal party in the 1935 election.

Tiny, Ontario
Tiny, also known as Tiny Township, is a township in Simcoe County, south-central Ontario, Canada.  The Township of Tiny  is in the southern Georgian Bay region and is approximately 30 kilometres (19 mi) long or 410 square kilometres (160 sq mi).
Carlo Colombara
Carlo Colombara (born 7 August 1964) is an Italian operatic bass. He has sung leading roles in major opera houses including La Scala in Milan, the Vienna State Opera; the Real Teatro di San Carlo in Naples, the Arena di Verona, the Royal Opera House in London, and the Metropolitan Opera in New York City.

Aida
Aida (or Aïda, Italian: [aˈiːda]) is a tragic opera in four acts by Giuseppe Verdi to an Italian libretto by Antonio Ghislanzoni. Set in the Old Kingdom of Egypt, it was commissioned by Cairo's Khedivial Opera House and had its première there on 24 December 1871, in a performance conducted by Giovanni Bottesini. Today the work holds a central place in the operatic canon, receiving performances every year around the world. At New York's Metropolitan Opera alone, Aida has been sung more than 1,100 times since 1886. Ghislanzoni's scheme follows a scenario often attributed to the French Egyptologist Auguste Mariette, but Verdi biographer Mary Jane Phillips-Matz argues that the source is actually Temistocle Solera.
Accademia Ercolanese
The Accademia Ercolanese, in full Regale Accademia Ercolanese di Archeologia (Royal Herculaneum Academy of Archaeology), is a learned society established in Herculaneum in 1755 by Bernardo Tanucci under the royal patronage of Charles VII of Naples with the primary purpose of studying and preserving the finds from Herculaneum and Pompeii.

It was housed in the Royal Palace of Portici and developed the original Herculanense Museum.

Bernardo Tanucci
Bernardo Tanucci (20 February 1698 – 29 April 1783) was an Italian jurist and statesman, who brought an enlightened absolutism style of government to the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies for Charles III and his son Ferdinand IV.
Polish Academy Award for Discovery of the Year
The Polish Academy Award for Discovery of the Year has been awarded annually since 2008 by the Polish Film Academy. Award is given to the debutantes of Polish cinema, who are candidates to the Polish Academy Award for first time.

Cinema of Poland
The history of cinema in Poland is almost as long as the history of cinematography, and it has universally recognized achievements, even though Polish films tend to be less commercially available than films from several other European nations.

After World War II, the communist government built an auteur-based national cinema, trained hundreds of new directors and empowered them to make films. Filmmakers like Roman Polański, Krzysztof Kieślowski, Agnieszka Holland, Andrzej Wajda, Andrzej Żuławski, Andrzej Munk, and Jerzy Skolimowski impacted the development of Polish film-making.  In more recent years, the industry has been producer-led with finance being the key to a film being made.
Coopersburg Historic District
Coopersburg Historic District is a national historic district located at Coopersburg, Lehigh County, Pennsylvania.  The district includes 175 contributing buildings in the central business district and surrounding residential areas of Coopersburg.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

Coopersburg, Pennsylvania
Coopersburg is a borough in Lehigh County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population of Coopersburg was 2,447 as of the 2020 census. It is a suburb of Allentown and is located 7 miles (11 km) southeast of Allentown, 40 miles (64 km) north of Philadelphia, and 76 miles (122 km) west of New York City.

Coopersburg is part of the Lehigh Valley metropolitan area, which had a population of 861,899 and was the 68th-most populous metropolitan area in the U.S. as of the 2020 census.
María Garrone (table tennis)
María Constanza "Coty" Garrone (born 22 October 1996) is an Argentine para table tennis player who competes in international table tennis competitions. She is a three-time Parapan American Games bronze medalist and World bronze medalist. She has competed at the 2020 and 2024 Summer Paralympics.

Garrone became paralysed following a gymnastics accident when she was fourteen. She took up adapted table tennis four years later.

Argentina at the 2024 Summer Paralympics
Argentina competed at the 2024 Summer Paralympics in Paris, France, from 28 August to 8 September.

The country claimed a total of 13 medals, making a great improvement in comparison with recent Paralympic Games. It was the best Argentinian Paralympic performance since 1980.
Margherita Caffi
Margherita Caffi (1650 – 20 September 1710) was an Italian painter of still lifes of flowers and fruit. She was born Margherita Volo, in Milan to Francesco Volo (a still-life painter himself) and his wife, Veronica. In 1668, she married Ludivico Caffi (also a still-life painter) in Cremona. She settled in Piacenza in 1670. She is known to have had at least four children. She died in Milan at the age of  sixty.

There are a number of unsigned paintings depicting "still lives with flowers", previously attributed to Francesco Guardi, known as Pseudo-Guradi Maestro di Fiori Guardeschi, but now postulated as likely the work of either Francesco Duramano, Carlo Henrici, Elisabetta Marchioni, and/or Margherita.

Cremona
Cremona (/krɪˈmoʊnə/ krim-OH-nə, UK also /krɛˈ-/ krem-, Italian: [kreˈmoːna]; Cremunés: Cremùna; Emilian: Carmona) is a city and comune (municipality) in northern Italy, situated in Lombardy, on the left bank of the Po river in the middle of the Po Valley. It is the capital of the province of Cremona and the seat of the local city and province governments. The city of Cremona is especially noted for its musical history and traditions, including some of the earliest and most renowned luthiers, such as Giuseppe Guarneri, Antonio Stradivari, Francesco Rugeri, Vincenzo Rugeri, and several members of the Amati family.
Gymnobathra ambigua
Gymnobathra ambigua is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand. It was first described in 1926. This species has been classified as critically endangered by the Department of Conservation.

Department of Conservation (New Zealand)
The Department of Conservation (DOC; Māori: Te Papa Atawhai) is the public service department of New Zealand charged with the conservation of New Zealand's natural and historical heritage.

An advisory body, the New Zealand Conservation Authority (NZCA) is provided to advise DOC and its ministers.  In addition there are 15 conservation boards for different areas around the country that provide for interaction between DOC and the public.
Tikiodon
Tikiodon is an extinct genus of mammaliamorphs that lived in what is now India during the Late Triassic. Its type and only species is Tikiodon cromptoni, which is known from a single lower postcanine tooth discovered at the Tiki Formation of Madhya Pradesh.

Late Triassic
The Late Triassic is the third and final epoch of the Triassic Period in the geologic time scale, spanning the time between 237 Ma and 201.4 Ma (million years ago). It is preceded by the Middle Triassic Epoch and followed by the Early Jurassic Epoch. The corresponding series of rock beds is known as the Upper Triassic. The Late Triassic is divided into the Carnian, Norian and Rhaetian ages.

Many of the first dinosaurs evolved during the Late Triassic, including Plateosaurus, Coelophysis, Herrerasaurus, and Eoraptor. The Triassic–Jurassic extinction event began during this epoch and  is one of the five major mass extinction events of the Earth.
The Bow
The Bow can refer to:

The Bow (film), a 2005 Korean film

The Bow (skyscraper), a building in Calgary, Alberta

The Bow River, a river in the Canadian province of Alberta

The Bow Back Rivers, part of the River Lea in east London

The Bow (film)
The Bow (Korean title: Hwal) is a 2005 film written and directed by Kim Ki-duk. It was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2005 Cannes Film Festival.

The film is primarily centered on a 60-year-old man and a 16-year-old girl living in near seclusion on a fishing boat. It is agreed that they will marry when the girl turns 17. Much like other movies by Kim Ki-duk, the film contains very little dialogue and is filled with symbols.
Sadique Abubakar
Sadique Baba Abubakar CFR psc (+) DFS GSS fwc fdc(+) MSc (born 8 April 1960) is a retired air marshal in the Nigerian Air Force and former Chief of the Air Staff of Nigeria.

In 2023, he contested for governor of Bauchi State in the 2023 Bauchi State gubernatorial election, under the platform of the All Progressives Congress, losing to the incumbent governor Bala Mohammed of the Peoples Democratic Party.

Orders, decorations, and medals of Nigeria
Nigerian National Honours are a set of orders and decorations conferred upon Nigerians and friends of Nigeria every year. They were instituted by the National Honors Act No. 5 of 1964, during the First Nigerian Republic, to honour Nigerians who have rendered service to the benefit of the nation.

These honours are distinct from the honours that are part of the country's ancient chieftaincy system, which is a separate (but also legally defined) entity. National Honours are the highest honours or awards that a citizen can receive from their country for service to the country.
Starling Bank
Starling Bank (/ˈstɑːrlɪŋ/) is a British bank, occasionally referred to as a digital challenger bank or neobank, providing current and business bank accounts in the United Kingdom. Starling Bank is a licensed and regulated bank, founded by former Allied Irish Banks COO, Anne Boden, in January 2014. Since its founding, it has received over £500M of funding.

The bank offers a range of limited personal and business banking services through its mobile app including, among other services, personal current accounts, joint accounts, business accounts, and Euro accounts. With a focus on technology and user experience, Starling Bank has become an alternative to traditional high-street banks. The bank’s headquarters are in London, United Kingdom. It is authorised by the Prudential Regulation Authority and the Financial Conduct Authority.

Post Office Limited
Post Office Limited, formerly Post Office Counters Limited and commonly known as the Post Office, is a state-owned retail post office company in the United Kingdom that provides a wide range of postal and non-postal related products including postage stamps, banking, insurance, bureau de change and identity verification services to the public. It does this through its nationwide network of around 11,500 post office branches, which are run by franchise partners or by independent business people known as subpostmasters, under contracts with the Post Office.

Since 2020, a public enquiry has been under way into the company's actions which led to between 700 and 900 subpostmasters being wrongfully prosecuted for financial crimes, in what has been described by the Criminal Cases Review Commission as "the biggest single series of wrongful convictions in British legal history".