hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mir Amman
Mir Amman (1748–1806) was an employee of Fort William College at Calcutta, variously also known as Mir Amman of Delhi, Mir Amman of Dilhi, Mir Amman Dihlavi, and Meer Ummun.

He was best known for his translation of Amir Khusro's classic epic Qissa Chahar Dervish (The Tale of the Four Dervishes). His translation is considered classic literature itself for its use of contemporary Urdu, and was done on the request of John Borthwick Gilchrist, an English scholar of literature of those days. It in turn was widely translated into English during the 19th century and even Malay in the 1840s.

John Gilchrist (linguist)
John Borthwick Gilchrist FRSE (19 June 1759 – 9 January 1841) was a Scottish surgeon, linguist, philologist and Indologist. Born and educated in Edinburgh, he spent most of his early career in India, where he made a study of the local languages. In later life, he returned to Britain and lived in Edinburgh and London. In his final years, he moved to Paris, where he died at the age of 81.

He is principally known for his study of the Hindustani language, which led to it being adopted as the lingua franca of northern India (including present-day Pakistan) by British colonists and indigenous people. He compiled and authored An English-Hindustani Dictionary, A Grammar of the Hindoostanee Language, The Oriental Linguist, and many more. His lexicon of Hindustani was published in Arabic script, Nāgarī script, and in Roman transliteration. He is also known for his role in the foundation of University College London and for endowing the Gilchrist Educational Trust.
The Kids Are Coming
The Kids Are Coming is the debut extended play by Australian singer Tones and I. The EP was released on 30 August 2019. The EP was announced on 16 July 2019, alongside the release of single "Never Seen the Rain". At the ARIA Music Awards of 2019, the EP won ARIA Award for Best Independent Release. At the AIR Awards of 2020, the EP was nominated for Best Independent Pop Album or EP. All six songs from the EP were later included on the deluxe edition of Tones and I's debut album, Welcome to the Madhouse (2021).

ARIA Award for Best Independent Release
The ARIA Music Award for Best Independent Release, is an award presented at the annual ARIA Music Awards, which recognises "the many achievements of Aussie artists across all music genres", since 1987. It is handed out by the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA), an organisation whose aim is "to advance the interests of the Australian record industry."

John Butler Trio hold the record for both the most wins and the most nominations in this category, with three wins from seven nominations, though Ed Kuepper's total nominations also reach seven if his nomination as a member of the Aints is counted. Vance Joy and Dan Sultan are tied for the most nominations without a win with four each. Kuepper is both the only artist to win in consecutive years, which occurred in 1993 and 1994, and the only musician nominated for two acts in the same year, as in 1992 he was nominated both as a solo artist and a member of the Aints.
Silvestre De León
Silvestre De León (1802–1842) was the second son born to the influential De León family in  Victoria, Texas. He became the third alcalde of Victoria.  De León joined his brother-in-law Plácido Benavides to fight with Stephen F. Austin at the 1835 Siege of Béxar. He joined the rest of the De León family in New Orleans in 1836 after Brigadier General Thomas Jefferson Rusk ordered the evacuation of Mexican families from Victoria. In 1842, he returned to Victoria and was murdered by persons unknown. Texas Historical Marker number 6544 placed at Evergreen Cemetery in 1972 acknowledges Silvestre De León's contribution to Texas.

Victoria, Texas
Victoria is a city in and the county seat of Victoria County, Texas, United States. The population was 65,534 as of the 2020 census. The three counties of the Victoria Metropolitan Statistical Area had a population of 111,163 as of the 2000 census. Its elevation is 95 ft (29 m).

Victoria is located 30 miles inland from the Gulf of Mexico. It is a two-hour drive from Corpus Christi, Houston, San Antonio, and Austin.

The city is named for General Guadalupe Victoria, who became the first president of independent Mexico.  It is the cathedral city of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Victoria in Texas.
Alexander Fällström
Alexander C. Fällström (born September 15, 1990) is a Swedish former professional ice hockey Forward. He last played under contract with Djurgårdens IF in the Swedish Hockey League (SHL). Fällström was selected by the Minnesota Wild in the 4th round (116th overall) of the 2009 NHL Entry Draft.

Minnesota Wild
The Minnesota Wild are a professional ice hockey team based in Saint Paul, Minnesota. The Wild compete in the National Hockey League (NHL) as a member of the Central Division in the Western Conference. The team plays its home games at the Grand Casino Arena, and is owned by Craig Leipold. The Wild are affiliated with the Iowa Wild of the American Hockey League (AHL) and the Iowa Heartlanders of the ECHL.

The Wild were founded on June 25, 1997, and began play in the 2000–01 season. The team was founded following the departure of the Minnesota North Stars, who were based in Minnesota from 1967 to 1993, when they relocated to Dallas, Texas, and became the Dallas Stars. The Wild made their first Stanley Cup playoffs appearance in 2003, making a surprise run to the Western Conference finals, but ultimately losing to the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim. The team have appeared in the playoffs a total of 14 times, and have won one division championship, in 2008.
Enige og tro inntil Dovre faller
Enige og tro inntil Dovre faller (“United and loyal until Dovre crumbles”) is a national motto of Norway. It derives from a quotation of the Constitutional fathers in the 1814 Eidsvoll oath. The oath was taken as a pledge after the negotiations at the National Assembly in Eidsvoll concluded on May 20, 1814.

According to Nicolai Wergeland, a member of the Norwegian Constituent Assembly, the representatives joined arms and formed a chain of brotherhood, upon which they shouted, “United and loyal until the mountains of Dovre crumble”. Dovre Mountains were long considered the highest mountains in Norway and played an important role in the national romantic ideology. The words have since been repeated in Norwegian politics and culture as a slogan for national patriotism, independence, unity, and democracy, including during the nation-building period in the 19th century and the dissolution of the union with Sweden in 1905.

Nicolai Wergeland
Nicolai Wergeland (9 November 1780 – 25 March 1848) was a Norwegian minister, writer and politician, and a member of the Norwegian Constituent Assembly at Eidsvoll Manor that wrote the Constitution of Norway on 17 May 1814. He was elected as one of two delegates from Kristiansand to the Eidsvoll Assembly in 1814. He represented the unionist side, and came very well prepared to Eidsvoll, bringing his own constitution draft. Along with him from Kristiansand came wholesaler Ole Clausen Mørch.
Vehicle registration plates of the United States for 1903
Massachusetts became the first state to officially issue vehicle license plates in 1903. New York continued to require their residents to register their vehicles with the state, but the owner had to supply their own license plate. Connecticut, Minnesota, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and the District of Columbia all began to require vehicle registration with the vehicle owners also supplying their own plate. Each of the other states of the United States of America plus several of its territories did not require or issue license plates during 1903.

U.S. territorial sovereignty
United States territory is the area under the sovereign jurisdiction of the federal government of the United States, including all of its land and territorial waters near the mainland and islands. The United States asserts sovereign rights for exploring, exploiting, conserving, and managing a 200-nautical-mile (370 km; 230 mi) exclusive economic zone in neighboring ocean waters.
Ka'b
Ka'b, Kaab or Kab (Arabic: كعب ka‘b) is an Arabic male given name. People named Ka'b include:

Ka'ab al-Ahbar

Ka'b ibn al-Ashraf

Ka'b ibn Asad

Ka'b ibn Lu'ayy

Ka'b Ibn Mama

Ka‘b bin Zaid bin An-Najjar

Ka'b bin Zuhayr

People using it in their patronymic include:

Murrah ibn Ka'b

Musa ibn Ka'b al-Tamimi

Nusaybah bint Ka'ab

Rābi'a bint Ka'b al-Quzdārī

Ubay ibn Ka'b

Ka'b ibn Mama
Ka'b ibn Mama al-Iyadi (Arabic: كعب بن مامة الإيادي) was a pre-Islamic Arab figure proverbial for his munificence, and in particular for "giving water to a companion and himself dying of thirst as result". According to Ibn `Abd Rabbih, he was one of three people who reached the highest point of generosity in the pre-Islamic era, the other two were Hatim al-Tai and Harim ibn Sinan al-Murri.

Kaʻb died of dehydration in one of his travels when he favored his companion, al-Namari (Arabic: النمَّري), over himself for the remaining water they had carried. His story with al-Namari displays a high degree of i'thar (altruism), a trait which the pre-Islamic Arabs regarded with great admiration.
Sathi Sukanya
Sathi Sukanya (pronunciationⓘ) is a 1967 Indian Kannada-language film, directed by Y. R. Swamy and produced by D. Puttaswamy. The film stars Rajkumar, Udaykumar, K. S. Ashwath and Rajashankar. The musical score was composed by Rajan–Nagendra.

Udaykumar
Bommasandra Srinivasaiah Suryanarayana Murthy (16 March 1933 – 26 December 1985), known professionally as Udaykumar, was an Indian actor, writer, and film producer who worked primarily in Kannada cinema. Along with Rajkumar and Kalyan Kumar, he was part of the trio known as the Kumarathrayaru ("the three Kumars") of Kannada cinema. In addition to acting, he wrote several stage dramas and books.

Uday Kumar appeared in a wide variety of roles and collaborated with many notable actors of his era. In the early part of his career, he was cast in heroic roles, but he later became known for portraying complex antagonists, particularly in historical and mythological films, where he was frequently cast opposite Rajkumar’s protagonist roles.
Orville W. Hagen
Orville "Ike" W. Hagen (September 26, 1915 – June 24, 2007) was a North Dakota Republican Party politician who served as the 27th lieutenant governor of North Dakota under Governor William Guy, and as the state's first North Dakota Commissioner of Labor from 1966 to 1986 when he lost his bid for re-election to Byron Knutson. He tried to run on the Republican Party ticket for Governor of North Dakota in 1980, but was defeated in the primary by Allen I. Olson.

Hagen was born on the family farm outside of Watford City, North Dakota. He was the son of Oscar W. Hagen  (1884-1945) and Carrie (Scollard) Hagen (1886- 1961). He attended Dickinson State College. In 1939, he married Astrid Berg.  Early in his career, he worked on his father's weeklynewspaper, the McKenzie Counter Leader  and later the Watford (ND) Guide. He worked for the Williston (ND) Herald until 1946.  
He died at the age of 91 and was buried at Schafer Cemetery McKenzie County, North Dakota.

Dickinson State University
Dickinson State University (DSU) is a public university in Dickinson, North Dakota, United States. It is part of the North Dakota University System.  It was founded in 1918 as Dickinson State Normal School and granted full university status in 1987.
Wicklaw Hundreds
The Wicklaw Hundreds made up a jurisdictional liberty administered by Ely Abbey, but located in East Suffolk, England. The Wicklaw Hundreds consisted of seven separate hundreds: Wilford, Carlford, Colneis, Plomesgate, Thredling, Loes and Parham.

East Suffolk (county)
East Suffolk, along with West Suffolk, was created in 1888 as an administrative county of England. The administrative county was based on the eastern quarter sessions division of Suffolk. East Suffolk County Council's headquarters were at East Suffolk County Hall in Ipswich.

In 1974, most of the county reunified with West Suffolk and the county borough of Ipswich to form the non-metropolitan county of Suffolk.
Mass media in Greece
The mass media in Greece refers to mass media outlets based in the Hellenic Republic. Television, magazines, and newspapers are all operated by both state-owned and for-profit corporations which depend on advertising, subscription, and other sales-related revenues. The Constitution of Greece guarantees freedom of speech.

Press freedom sharply eroded in Greece during the Greek government-debt crisis, falling from the 35th place in 2009 in Reporters Without Borders Press Freedom Index to the 99th place in 2014, ranked below all Western Balkans countries as well as states with repressive media policies such as Gabon, Kuwait or Liberia. According to a 2015 study by Iosifidis and Boucas, Greece was the EU member state "where journalism and the media faced their most acute crisis".

Alpha TV
Alpha TV is a Greek free-to-air channel, one of the biggest stations in Greece. The station features a mix of Greek and foreign shows with an emphasis on entertainment. The studios are located in Kifissia and Pallini. Alpha TV is owned by Alpha Satellite Television S.A. In Cyprus, private broadcaster Sigma TV used to broadcast a number of Alpha's programs. In the past, public service broadcaster CyBC used to broadcast Alpha TV programs. In 2015, Alpha TV Cyprus was founded, and broadcast the Alpha TV Programs and others of its own. Alpha TV Cyprus is now one of the highest-rated Cypriot channels.
1997 Semerak by-election
The 1997 Semerak by-election was a by-election that was held on 11 August 1997 for the Kelantan State Legislative Assembly seat of Semerak. It was called following the death of its PAS assemblyman Sulaiman Ahmad,  aused by stroke. Sulaiman won the seat on 1995 Malaysian general election under Angkatan Perpaduan Ummah banner against Ismail Awang of Barisan Nasional and Musa Salleh of AKIM with a majority of 248.

Kamarudin Mohd Nor of Barisan Nasional wrest the seat against PAS Wan Mohd Fauzi with a majority of 778 votes. Mohd Din of AKIM lost his deposit, after only garnering 27 votes.

Semerak (state constituency)
Semerak is a state constituency in Kelantan, Malaysia, that has been represented in the Kelantan State Legislative Assembly.

The state constituency was first contested in 1995 and is mandated to return a single Assemblyman to the Kelantan State Legislative Assembly under the first-past-the-post voting system.
Kosančićev Venac
Kosančićev Venac (Serbian Cyrillic: Косанчићев Венац) is an urban neighborhood of Belgrade, the capital of Serbia. It is located in Belgrade's municipality of Stari Grad. It has been described as the most valuable and most representative veduta of Belgrade. In 1971, it was declared a spatial cultural-historical unit and placed under legal protection.

Protected Spatial Cultural-Historical Units (Serbia)
Protected Spatial Cultural-Historical Units (Serbian: Просторне културно-историjске целине/Prostorne kulturno-istorijske celine) are the monuments in the Republic of Serbia that have the third level of the State protection.

Those are part of the Cultural Property of Great Importance protection list.
Ellesmere Chaucer
The Ellesmere Chaucer, or Ellesmere Manuscript of the Canterbury Tales, is an early 15th-century illuminated manuscript of Geoffrey Chaucer's Canterbury Tales, owned by the Huntington Library, in San Marino, California (EL 26 C 9). It is considered one of the most significant copies of the Tales.

Walter William Skeat
Walter William Skeat, FBA (21 November 1835 – 6 October 1912) was a British philologist and Anglican deacon. The pre-eminent British philologist of his time, he was instrumental in developing the English language as a higher education subject in the United Kingdom.
Departments of the Second Mexican Empire
The departments of the Second Mexican Empire were the administrative divisions that the nation was organized into during the short rule of Emperor Maximilian I. He commissioned Mexican scholar Manuel Orozco y Berra to draw boundaries based on geography of Mexico. Each of the 50 departments was to be governed by a prefect. There were many new departments in the plan, carved out of existing Mexican states: Acapulco, Álamos, Arizona, Autlán, Batopilas, Coalcomán, Ejutla, Fresnillo, Huejuquilla, Iturbide, La Laguna, Mapimí, Matamoros, Matehuala, Mazatlán, Nazas, El Potosí, Tancítaro, Tehuantepec, Teposcolula, Toluca, Tula, Tulancingo, Tuxpan, and Valle de México (Mexico City). This plan was never implemented in full before the fall of Maximilian's regime and the return of republican rule under President Benito Juárez.

Manuel Orozco y Berra
Manuel Orozco y Berra (8 June 1816 – 27 January 1881; He was born and died in Mexico City) was a Mexican historian and a member of the Mexican Academy of Language. He was a disciple of José Fernando Ramírez and Joaquín García Icazbalceta and together with them, is considered one of the most important historians of Mexico of the 19th century, ranking  "as a major figure among 19th-century students of the Mexican Indian past."  He produced a significant body of published work on Mesoamerican ethnohistory,
Epizootic lymphangitis
Epizootic lymphangitis is a contagious lymphangitis disease of horses and mules caused by the fungus Histoplasma farciminosum. Cattle are also susceptible, but more resistant to the disease than equids.

See also glanders and equine lymphangitis.

Equidae
Equidae (commonly known as the horse family) is the taxonomic family of horses and related animals, including asses, zebras, and many extinct species known only from fossils. The family evolved more than 50 million years ago, in the Eocene epoch, from a small, multi-toed ungulate into larger, single-toed animals. All extant species are in the genus Equus, which originated in North America. Equidae belongs to the order Perissodactyla, which includes the extant tapirs and rhinoceros, and several extinct families. It is more specifically grouped within the superfamily Equoidea, the only other family being the extinct Palaeotheriidae.

The term equid refers to any member of this family, including any equine.
Goulac
Goulac, also known as Glutrin, is a core binder developed from wood pulping.  It is made from lignin pitch.

The material has a dark colour and is soluble in water.

Goulac water was used to make Gallagher sharp sand. It was trademarked in the 1940s. It prevents a chemical reaction between lead arsenate and lime sulphur.

When used to make mold cores from sand, it results in a very hard surface after baking, however the sand can absorb moisture if the core is not used soon after being prepared. Use of Goulac allows the cores to be baked at a lower temperature compared to other types of binders.

Glutrin was used in road paving in the early 20th century.

Pitch (resin)
Pitch is a viscoelastic polymer which can be natural or manufactured, derived from petroleum, coal tar, or plants. Pitch produced from petroleum may be called bitumen or asphalt, while plant-derived pitch, a resin, is known as rosin in its solid form. Tar is sometimes used interchangeably with pitch, but generally refers to a more liquid substance derived from coal production, including coal tar, or from plants, as in pine tar.
Marshal (Brazil)
Marshal (Portuguese: Marechal) is the highest rank in both the Brazilian Army and the Brazilian Air Force, although the latter is titled marechal-do-ar (lit. 'marshal of the air').  These ranks are equivalent to that of admiral in the Brazilian Navy. A marshal is distinguished by using five stars, which for a marshal of the air are in the approximate position of Southern Cross and for a marshal in the army, in the form of "X". The five stars of admiral are in the shape of a pentagon.

Brazilian Air Force
The Brazilian Air Force (Portuguese: Força Aérea Brasileira, FAB) is the aerial branch of the Brazilian Armed Forces, and one of the three national uniformed services.  The FAB was formed when the Brazilian Army and Navy air branches were merged into a single military force, which was initially called the "National Air Forces" when it was created in 1941. Both air branches transferred all their aeronautical equipment, relevant installations, and relevant personnel to the newly created force.

According to Flight International (Flightglobal.com) and the International Institute for Strategic Studies, the Brazilian Air Force has an active strength of 80,937 military personnel and operates around 578 aircraft. The Brazilian Air Force is the largest air force in the Southern Hemisphere.
Douglas Island (New Brunswick)
Douglas Island is an undeveloped island in the Saint George Parish of Charlotte County, New Brunswick, Canada in the Bay of Fundy.

It is one of four small islands surrounding Cailiff Island that make up the Frye Island Nature Preserve, administered by the Nature Trust of New Brunswick.

Saint George Parish, New Brunswick
Saint George is a geographic parish in Charlotte County, New Brunswick, Canada, located between St. Stephen and Saint John.

For governance purposes, the southern part of the parish is part of the incorporated rural community of Eastern Charlotte, while the north and the Red Rock Road area are part of the Southwest rural district, both of which are members of the Southwest New Brunswick Service Commission.

Prior to the 2023 governance reform, it comprised one town and two local service districts (LSDs), all of which were members of the Southwest New Brunswick Service Commission (SNBSC).

The Census subdivision of the same name includes all of the parish except St. George.
Wolf Heinrich Graf von Baudissin
Wolf Heinrich Friedrich Karl Graf von Baudissin (30 January 1789 – 4 April 1878) was a German diplomat, writer, and translator.
Born in Rantzau, Holstein, in 1810 Baudissin entered the diplomatic service of the Danish government serving as secretary of legation successively in Stockholm, Vienna, and Paris.  After 1827, he lived and worked in Dresden.  There he collaborated on translations of William Shakespeare with August Wilhelm Schlegel, Ludwig Tieck and Dorothea Tieck.  Independently, he translated Molière, Carlo Goldoni, Carlo Gozzi, and others.

Carlo Goldoni
Carlo Osvaldo Goldoni (/ɡɒlˈdoʊni/, also US: /ɡɔːlˈ-, ɡoʊlˈ-/, Italian: [ˈkarlo oˈzvaldo ɡolˈdoːni]; 25 February 1707 – 6 February 1793) was an Italian playwright and librettist from the Republic of Venice. His works include some of Italy's most famous and best-loved plays. Audiences have admired the plays of Goldoni for their ingenious mix of wit and honesty. His plays offered his contemporaries images of themselves, often dramatizing the lives, values, and conflicts of the emerging middle classes. Though he wrote in French and Italian, his plays make rich use of the Venetian language, regional vernacular, and colloquialisms. Goldoni also wrote under the pen name and title Polisseno Fegeio, Pastor Arcade, which he claimed in his memoirs the "Arcadians of Rome" bestowed on him.
Seven Myths about Education
Seven Myths About Education is a book about education by Daisy Christodoulou.  It suggests that declarative knowledge such as facts is being neglected in modern education because of the priority given to procedural knowledge such as skills.  It was first published as an e-book by The Curriculum Centre in 2013 and then in hardback and paperback  by Routledge in 2014.

The seven myths are:

Facts prevent understanding
Teacher-led instruction is passive
The 21st century fundamentally changes everything
You can always just look it up
We should teach transferable skills
Projects and activities are the best way to learn
Teaching knowledge is indoctrination

Transferable skill
A transferable skill is an ability or expertise which may be used in a variety of roles or occupations. Transferable skills are those that are carried from the learning process into practical practice. These skills are believed to be vital to the academic success of a student as well as their ability to perform once in their post education employment roles.  Examples of transferable skills include communication and problem-solving.