hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ethiopian–Ottoman border conflict
The Ethiopian–Ottoman border conflict was an undeclared war between the Ottoman province of Egypt and various Ethiopian warlords occurring soon after the Egyptian conquest of Sudan. By the middle of the 19th century, the Ethiopians and Turco-Egyptians faced each other across an undefined and contested border. Muhammad Ali initially entertained the idea of conquering all of Tigray and Amhara, but by the middle of the 19th century Egypt had only limited objectives in Ethiopia, namely to establish its authority over the mineral rich slopes of the Ethiopian peripheral areas.

Wube Haile Maryam
Wube Haile Maryam of Semien, (1799 – 1867), also called by his title Dejazmach Wube, Webé; his name is also given in European sources as ‘‘Ubie’’, was one of the major figures of 19th century Ethiopia, during the closing decades of the Zemene Mesafint (lit: Era of the princes) a period of regional lords vying for power, prestige and territory amid a weakened authority of the emperors.

The regional ruler and Dejazmach of his hereditary province of Semien, and later as the conqueror and non-Tigrayan ruler of the  Tigray Province and other coastal territories in what is now part of central Eritrea. Wube is remembered in Eritrea and Tigray for barbarous military raids. A major claimant to the Ethiopian throne during his era, Wube was defeated and imprisoned in 1855 by another contender Kassa Hailu, the future emperor Tewodros II. Some sources date Wube's defeat as the end of Ethiopia's Zemene Mesafint. He died in chains in 1867.
Sextuple (association football)
The term sextuple is mainly used in the sports press for winning six important national and international titles in sport, especially in football, within one season or calendar year.

During a football season, clubs typically take part in a number of national competitions, such as in a league and one or more cup competitions, and sometimes in continental competitions. Winning multiple competitions is considered a particularly significant achievement. Doubles and triples tend to be long-remembered achievements, but they occur with a certain frequency, while winning four or more trophies in a season is much less common. In the 2010s, the terms quadruple, quintuple, and sextuple were sometimes used to refer to four, five, and six trophies in a single season.

FIFA Intercontinental Cup
The FIFA Intercontinental Cup is an annual football competition organised by FIFA, the global governing body for the sport. First held in 2024, the tournament features the reigning club champions of each of the six FIFA confederations, contested in a knockout format in which the representative from Europe receives a bye to the final.

The tournament concept is closely modelled on the earlier version of the FIFA Club World Cup, which underwent major expansion and restructuring starting with the 2025 edition. The FIFA Intercontinental Cup confers the title of annual world champions. Paris Saint-Germain are the current holders, having defeated Flamengo 2–1 on penalties following a 1–1 draw after extra time in the 2025 final.
Thomas Giessing
Thomas Giessing (born 19 March 1961 in Rhede, North Rhine-Westphalia) is a retired West German sprinter who specialized in the 400 metres.

At the 1982 European Championships he finished eighth in the 400 metres and helped win the 4 × 400 metres relay with teammates Erwin Skamrahl, Harald Schmid and Hartmut Weber. At the 1984 Summer Olympics he ran in the first round for the relay team.

4 × 400 metres relay
The 4 × 400 metres relay or long relay is an athletics track event in which teams consist of four runners who each complete 400 metres or one lap, totaling 1600 meters. It is traditionally the final event of a track meet. The first leg and the first bend of the second leg are run in lanes. Start lines are thus staggered over a greater distance than in an individual 400 metres race; the runners then typically move to the inside of the track. The slightly longer 4 × 440 yards relay, on an Imperial distance, was a formerly run British Commonwealth and American event, until metrication was completed in the 1970s.
Vogelherd Cave
The Vogelherd Cave (German: Vogelherdhöhle , or simply Vogelherd) is located in the eastern Swabian Jura, south-western Germany. This limestone karst cave came to scientific and public attention after the 1931 discovery of the Upper Palaeolithic Vogelherd figurines, attributed to paleo-humans of the Aurignacian culture. These miniature sculptures made of mammoth ivory rank among the oldest uncontested works of art of mankind. Because of the cultural importance of these sculptures and the cave's testimony to the development of Paleolithic art and culture, in 2017 the site became part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site called Caves and Ice Age Art in the Swabian Jura.

Paleoanthropology
Paleoanthropology or paleo-anthropology is a branch of paleontology and anthropology which seeks to understand the early development of anatomically modern humans, a process known as hominization, through the reconstruction of evolutionary kinship lines within the family Hominidae, working from biological evidence (such as petrified skeletal remains, bone fragments, footprints) and cultural evidence (such as stone tools, artifacts, and settlement localities).

The field draws from and combines primatology, paleontology, biological anthropology, and cultural anthropology. As technologies and methods advance, genetics plays an ever-increasing role, in particular to examine and compare DNA structure as a vital tool of research of the evolutionary kinship lines of related species and genera.
Kamen Rider Ex-Aid
Kamen Rider Ex-Aid (仮面ライダーエグゼイド, Kamen Raidā Eguzeido) is a Japanese tokusatsu drama in Toei Company's Kamen Rider Series. It is the eighteenth series in the Heisei period run the twenty-seventh series overall and commemorates the 45th anniversary of the franchise. Toei registered the Kamen Rider Ex-Aid trademark on June 13, 2016. The show premiered on October 2, 2016, one week after the finale of Kamen Rider Ghost, joining Doubutsu Sentai Zyuohger and later, Uchu Sentai Kyuranger in the Super Hero Time line-up. It's the first Kamen Rider series with a video game motif.

Heisei era
The Heisei era (平成; Japanese: [heːseː] ⓘ) was the period of Japanese history corresponding to the reign of Emperor Akihito from 8 January 1989 until his abdication on 30 April 2019. The Heisei era started on 8 January 1989, the day after the death of the Emperor Hirohito, when his son, Akihito, acceded to the throne as the 125th emperor of Japan. In accordance with Japanese customs, Hirohito was posthumously renamed "Emperor Shōwa" on 31 January 1989.

Thus, 1989 corresponds to Shōwa 64 up until 7 January and Heisei 1 (平成元年, Heisei gannen; gannen means "first year") from 8 January. The Heisei era ended on 30 April 2019 (Heisei 31), with the abdication of Akihito from the Chrysanthemum Throne. It was succeeded by the Reiwa era as then-crown prince Naruhito ascended the throne on 1 May midnight local time.
CMLL Super Viernes (October 2012)
In October 2012 the Mexican professional wrestling promotion Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL) held four CMLL Super Viernes shows, all of which took take place in Arena México on Friday nights. Some of the matches from Super Viernes were taped for CMLL's weekly shows that air in Mexico the week following the Super Viernes show. The shows featured various professional wrestling matches with different wrestlers involved in pre-existing scripted feuds or storylines. Wrestlers portray either villains (referred to as "rudos" in Mexico) or fan favorites ("technicos" in Mexico) as they follow a series of tension-building events, which culminate in a wrestling match or series of matches.

Niebla Roja
Sergio Raymundo Chávez Velasco (born March 20, 1986), better known by his ring name Niebla Roja (Spanish for "Red Mist"), is a Mexican luchador (or professional wrestler), who works for the Mexican wrestling promotion Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL). He previously worked as Ángel de Plata (Spanish for "Silver Angel") between 2008 and 2012 before adopting his current ring name. A second-generation wrestler, he is the son of retired wrestler Apolo Chávez, and the brother of Miguel Ángel Chávez Velasco, who is also a luchador under the ring name Ángel de Oro (Spanish for "Golden Angel").

Chávez has been working for CMLL since 2008. He is a former CMLL World Light Heavyweight Champion and CMLL World Tag Team Champion. He is also a former CMLL World Trios Champion as part of Los Guerreros Laguneros with Euforia and Último Guerrero. Chávez wrestled in the main event of the CMLL 84th Anniversary Show, losing the match and his mask to Gran Guerrero.
Andy Schuttinger
Andrew Schuttinger (July 13, 1892 – March 5, 1971) was an American jockey, trainer and owner in the sport of thoroughbred horse racing. A highly successful jockey, Andy Schuttinger won numerous important races including the Travers Stakes, Jockey Club Gold Cup, and what would become the second leg of the U.S. Triple Crown series, the Preakness Stakes. Among the many top horses he rode was Man o' War, as well as two-time American Champion Filly, Milkmaid, the 1914 American Horse of the Year and a Hall of Fame inductee, Roamer, and another Horse of the Year in 1917, Old Rosebud,

Old Rosebud
Old Rosebud (March 13, 1911 – May 23, 1922) was an American Thoroughbred racehorse whose pedigree traced to the influential sire Eclipse, and through Eclipse to the founding stallion, the Darley Arabian. In the list of the top 100 U.S. thoroughbred champions of the 20th Century by Blood-Horse magazine, Old Rosebud ranks 88th. Despite a successful racing career, Old Rosebud was plagued by ailments throughout his life, culminating in a fatal injury at a claiming race when he was 11 years old.
Simone Laidlow
Simone Lucy Laidlow (née Gandy, born 28 July 1965) is a female English former 400 metres hurdler. She represented Great Britain in the women's 400 metres hurdles at the 1988 Seoul Olympics. She finished second at the UK Championships three times (1985, 1986 and 1988). Her twin sister, Dawn Gandy, is also a former international athlete.

Great Britain at the 1988 Summer Olympics
Great Britain, represented by the British Olympic Association (BOA), competed at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, South Korea. 345 competitors, 219 men and 126 women, took part in 191 events in 22 sports. British athletes have competed in every Summer Olympic Games.

Similarly to the previous two Summer Olympics, British athletes once again won five gold medals.
Mary Ella Kirby Berry
Mary Ella Berry (née Kirby; March 1916 – August 2, 1957) was a medical missionary in the 1900s, who helped develop the Jorhat leprosy colony and the Gauhati Women's Hospital in Assam, India, also known as the Jubilee Hospital, which became the Satribari Christian Hospital in Assam. She served as director of the Satribari Hospital from 1945 to 1952. Most of her work was in treating leprosy. As the child of two Baptist medical missionaries who founded a leprosy colony in Jorhat, India, She spent her early life and education between India and the United States. She directed the Jorhat Leprosy program at Jorhat Mission Hospital from 1952-1957.

Leprosy in India
Leprosy currently affects approximately a quarter of a million people throughout the world, with the majority of these cases being reported from  India.

India is a signatory of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD). India is currently running one of the largest leprosy eradication program in the world, the National Leprosy Eradication Program (NLEP). Despite this, 120,000 to 130,000 new cases of leprosy are reported every year in India. This is 58.8% of the global total of new cases.
Ming Beaver Kwei
Ming Beaver Kwei (Chinese: 桂幼铭; born November 12, 1966) is an American film producer based in Los Angeles and China. He is the son of famed Shaw Brothers Studio director Kuei Chih-Hung (桂治洪) (Killer Constable, Hex). Kwei has produced two hit comedies starring Zhang Ziyi, Sophie's Revenge and its follow-up, My Lucky Star (Fei chang xing yun), as well as the films Moscow Mission, I Remember, The Precipice Game, Legend of Sun and Moon and Unspoken.

Kwei was an associate producer on The Meg, a 2018 shark thriller starring Jason Statham and Li Bingbing that grossed more than $530 million worldwide  and coproduced its 2023 sequel, Meg 2: The Trench, which tallied $395 million at the worldwide box office.  His other film credits include The Adventurers (executive producer), Slam (associate producer) and The Painted Veil (associate producer).

Li Bingbing
Li Bingbing (Chinese: 李冰冰; pinyin: Lǐ Bīngbīng; born 27 February 1973) is a Chinese actress. She  gained critical acclaim for her role in Seventeen Years (1999) and received widespread success with films such as A World Without Thieves (2004), The Knot (2006), The Forbidden Kingdom (2008), The Message (2009), and Detective Dee and the Mystery of the Phantom Flame (2010). Li has also starred in Hollywood films Resident Evil: Retribution (2012), Transformers: Age of Extinction (2014), and The Meg (2018).

Li ranked 26th on Forbes China Celebrity 100 list in 2013, 28th in 2014, 13th in 2015, 29th in 2017, and 76th in 2019.
Barbara Buatois
Barbara Buatois (born 24 August 1977) is a French racing cyclist and one of the fastest female recumbent racers and ultra cyclists.

Buatois was born in Oullins. She rides recumbent bikes over the complete world HPV Championships as well as long distance events such as Raid Provence Extreme and Bordeaux–Paris. She won Race Across America 2010 (One stage 3,000-mile (4,800 km) race) on a Recumbent Bicycle.

Bordeaux–Paris
The Bordeaux–Paris professional cycle race was one of Europe's classic cycle races, and one of the longest in the professional calendar, covering approximately 560 km (350 mi) – more than twice most single-day races. It started in northern Bordeaux in southwest France at 2am and finished in the capital Paris 14 hours later. The professional event was held from 1891 until 1988. It was held as an amateur event in 2014.
Antelope Hot Springs
Antelope Hot Springs (also Hart Mountain Hot Springs) are natural hot springs located in southeastern Oregon, U.S. 67.4 miles (108.5 km) northeast of Lakeview and 12 miles (19 km) northeast of the community of Plush, a 28.3-mile (45.5 km) drive.

The springs emerge at 104 °F (40 °C) in a semi-improved, accessible location suitable for camping within Hart Mountain National Antelope Refuge.  The pool is about 5 feet deep and 9 by 12 across (150 cm deep, 3 m x 4 m).
The pool can accommodate six people.
A posted sign requests that nudists lock the door, though one author suggests the remote location renders such formality unnecessary.

Reportedly a rancher noticed some water bubbling from a rock and blasted it with dynamite resulting in a hot spring pool.

There appears to be no official name for the springs, which GNIS refers to only as Hot Springs,
and U.S. topographic maps label similarly.

Lakeview, Oregon
Lakeview is a city in Lake County, Oregon, United States. The population was 2,418 at the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Lake County. The city bills itself as the "Tallest Town in Oregon" because of its elevation, 4,757 feet (1,450 m) above sea level. Lakeview is situated in the Goose Lake Valley at the foot of the Warner Mountains and at the edge of Oregon's high desert country. Its economy is based on agriculture, lumber production, and government activities. In addition, tourism is an increasingly important part of the city's economy. Oregon's Outback Scenic Byway passes through Lakeview.
Investigations of a Dog
"Investigations of a Dog" (German: "Forschungen eines Hundes") is a short story by Franz Kafka written in 1922. It was published posthumously in Beim Bau der Chinesischen Mauer (Berlin, 1931). The first English translation by Willa and Edwin Muir was published by Martin Secker in London in 1933. In 1946 it was published by Schocken Books in The Great Wall of China: Stories and Reflections. Told from the perspective of a dog, the story concerns the nature and limits of knowledge, by way of the dog's inquiries into the practices of his culture.

"Investigations of a Dog" was written in September and October 1922, soon after Kafka ended work on his unfinished novel The Castle. Similar to other Kafka stories such as "A Report to an Academy", "Josephine the Singer", and "The Burrow", the protagonist is an animal.

Edwin Muir
Edwin Muir CBE (15 May 1887 – 3 January 1959) was a Scottish poet, novelist and translator. Born on a farm in Deerness, a parish of Orkney, Scotland, he is remembered for his deeply felt and vivid poetry written in plain language and with few stylistic preoccupations.
2018 ASB Classic
36°51′13″S 174°46′25″E﻿ / ﻿36.853742°S 174.773507°E﻿ / -36.853742; 174.773507

The 2018 Auckland Open (sponsored by ASB Bank) was a joint 2018 ATP World Tour and 2018 WTA Tour tennis tournament, played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 33rd edition of the women's event, and the 42nd edition of the men's event. It took place at the ASB Tennis Centre in Auckland, New Zealand, from 1 to 7 January 2018 for the women, and from 8 to 13 January 2018 for the men.

Tennys Sandgren
Tennys Loren Sandgren II (/ˈtɛnɪs ˈsændɡrən/ TEN-iss SAND-grən; born July 22, 1991) is an American former professional tennis player. He has achieved a career-high ATP singles ranking of No. 41 on January 14, 2019. He played two years of college tennis at the University of Tennessee before launching his professional career.
Charles Kolstad
Charles D. Kolstad (born April 30, 1948) is an American economist, known for his work in environmental economics, environmental regulation, climate change and energy markets. He is professor and senior fellow at Stanford University (appointed in the Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research and the Precourt Institute for Energy and the Department of Economics).

Prior to his appointment at Stanford, he was professor of economics at the University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB), appointed to both the Bren School of Environmental Science & Management and the Department of Economics. Kolstad was also chair of the UCSB Department of Economics and co-director of the University of California Center for Energy & Environmental Economics. Previously held academic positions in Economics include University of Illinois, Harvard University, Stanford University and MIT.

UC Santa Barbara Bren School of Environmental Science and Management
The UC Santa Barbara Bren School of Environmental Science and Management is the graduate environmental studies school of the University of California, Santa Barbara.

The mission of the Bren School is to play a leading role in researching environmental issues, identifying and solving environmental problems, and training research scientists and environmental-management professionals.
Pémonca River
The Pémonca river is a tributary of Ashuapmushuan River, flowing in the unorganized territory of Lac-Ashuapmushuan and in the municipality of La Doré, in the Le Domaine-du-Roy Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean, in the province of Quebec, in Canada.

The Pémonca river valley is mainly served by rang Saint-Eugène road (route 167), Pémonca road and forest roads.

Forestry (mainly forestry) is the main economic activity in this valley.

Saint-Félicien, Quebec
Saint-Félicien (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ felisjɛ̃] ⓘ) is a city in the Canadian province of Quebec. The town is located within the Le Domaine-du-Roy Regional County Municipality in the Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean region. Its population as of 2021 is 10,089.
Tibet Action Institute
The Tibet Action Institute is an organization that uses digital communication tools and strategic nonviolent action to strengthen the capacity and effectiveness of the Tibet movement in the digital era, co-founded by Lhadon Tethong and Nathan Fretias (also founder and director of Guardian Project) in 2009. The organization helps to identify, trace, and resist malware and other online attacks launched against Tibetan activists.

Guardian Project (software)
The Guardian Project is a global collective of software developers, designers, advocates, activists, and trainers who develop open-source mobile security software and operating system enhancements. They also create customized mobile devices to help individuals communicate more freely and protect themselves from intrusion and monitoring. The effort specifically focuses on users who live or work in high-risk situations and who often face constant surveillance and intrusion attempts into their mobile devices and communication streams.
Alayna Treene
Alayna Treene is an American journalist. She is currently a White House reporter for CNN, after previously covering Donald Trump's 2024 presidential campaign and Congress. Prior to CNN, Alayna covered the Trump White House for Axios.

In December 2021, Treene was named to Forbes' "30 under 30" list for media.

Axios (website)
Axios (styled ΛXIOS in the logo) is an American news website based in Arlington, Virginia. It was founded in 2016 and launched the following year by former Politico journalists Jim VandeHei, Mike Allen, and Roy Schwartz. The site's name is based on the Ancient Greek: ἄξιος ắxĭos, meaning "worthy".

Axios articles are often brief to facilitate quick reading; most are shorter than 300 words and use bullet points. In addition to news articles, Axios produces daily and weekly industry-specific newsletters (including Allen's Axios AM, a successor to his newsletter Politico Playbook for Politico).

On September 1, 2022, Cox Enterprises completed its acquisition of Axios.
RMH
RMH can refer to:

Response modulation hypothesis, suggesting that psychopathy is an attention disorder

Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia

Riyadh Military Hospital, Saudi Arabia

Ronald McDonald House, place to stay for families with hospitalized children

Roh Moo-Hyun, the former president of South Korea (9/1/1946 - 5/23/2009)

Response modulation hypothesis
The response modulation hypothesis is an etiological theory which argues that psychopathy is an attention disorder, and is not caused by an inherent lack of empathy or fear. It posits that when psychopaths focus on a particular goal, they are unable to shift their attention to peripheral signals or cues if they are unrelated to the main goal. Usually outside signals prevent people from antisocial behaviors (such as anxiety deterring someone from environmental dangers or empathy deterring someone from harming others) but psychopaths do not focus on these signals if they do not relate to their main goal.

Response modulation argues that the attention to goals is what modulates whether psychopaths have normal or abnormal levels of fear and empathy. In studies when psychopaths were asked to focus on these cues, they had normal levels of fear and empathy.
Yoram Globus
Yoram Globus (Hebrew: יורם גלובוס; born 7 September 1943) is an Israeli–American film producer, cinema owner, and distributor. He has been involved in over 300 full-length motion pictures and he is most known for his association with The Cannon Group, Inc., an American film production company, which he co-owned with his cousin Menahem Golan.

Globus played a significant role in developing the Israeli film industry and later became a prominent figure in Hollywood, where he and Golan were nicknamed the "Go-Go Boys" for their fast-paced, low-budget filmmaking style. He is also known for pioneering the "pre-sale strategy" in film financing and for his work in film distribution, including representing major American studios in Israel.

The Wicked Lady (1983 film)
The Wicked Lady is a 1983 British-American period drama directed by Michael Winner and starring Faye Dunaway, Alan Bates, John Gielgud, Denholm Elliott, and Hugh Millais. It was screened out of competition at the 1983 Cannes Film Festival. It is a remake of the 1945 film of the same name, which was one of the popular series of Gainsborough melodramas.