hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mechanical index
Mechanical index (MI) is a unitless ultrasound metric originally developed by Robert Apfel and Christy Holland.  It is defined as

where

Pr is the peak rarefaction pressure of the ultrasound wave (MPa), derated by an attenuation factor to account for in-tissue acoustic attenuation
fc is the center frequency of the ultrasound pulse (MHz).

MI is measured with a calibrated hydrophone in a tank of degassed water. The pulse pressure amplitudes are measured along the central axis of the ultrasound beam. The Pr is calculated by reducing it using an attenuation coefficient of 0.3 dB/cm/MHz.

MI is a unitless number that can be used as an index of cavitation bio-effects; a higher MI value indicates greater exposure. Levels below 0.3 are generally considered to have no detectable effects.  Currently the FDA stipulates that diagnostic ultrasound scanners cleared using the 510(k) pathway 
cannot exceed a mechanical index of 1.9.

Christy Holland
Christy Katherine Smith Holland is an American scientist and professor of internal medicine and biomedical engineering at the University of Cincinnati. After a B.A. with majors in physics and music at Wellesley College, she obtained her Ph.D.in engineering and applied science from Yale University. Holland was editor-in-chief of Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology from 2006-2021. Holland's articles in peer-reviewed scientific journals have been cited over 11,000 times, giving her an h-index of 60.
Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies
The Moise A. Khayrallah Center for Lebanese Diaspora Studies is a public history and research center at the North Carolina State University's College of Humanities and Social Sciences. Founded in 2010, its mission is to support the production and dissemination of knowledge about the Lebanese diaspora in the US and throughout the world. The center is located in Raleigh, North Carolina.

The center supports a digital archive of material about the Lebanese diaspora and conducts oral history collection. The center produced the PBS documentary Cedars in the Pines: The Lebanese in North Carolina (2012) and collaborated with the North Carolina Museum of Art to produce the Cedars in the Pines museum exhibition documenting the history of the Lebanese-American community in North Carolina. The center has also developed a K-12 curriculum and publishes the peer-reviewed journal Mashriq & Mahjar: Journal of Middle East Migration Studies.

North Carolina Museum of Art
The North Carolina Museum of Art (NCMA) is an art museum in Raleigh, North Carolina. It opened in 1956 as the first major museum collection in the country to be formed by state legislation and funding. Since the initial 1947 appropriation that established its collection, the museum has offered free admission to the permanent collection. Its holdings span more than 5,000 years, from antiquity to the present. The museum features over 40 galleries and more than a dozen outdoor works in its 164-acre (0.66 km2) park, one of the largest museum parks in the United States. In 2010, a 127,000-square-foot (11,800 m2) expansion, the West Building, opened; it received an international design award for its energy-efficient design.
2025 Libéma Open – Women's singles
Elise Mertens defeated Elena-Gabriela Ruse in the final, 6–3, 7–6(7–4) to win the women's singles tennis title at the 2025 Libéma Open. She saved eleven match points en route to her tenth WTA Tour singles title, in the semifinals against Ekaterina Alexandrova. Her eleven match points saved in one match were also the most in a WTA Tour main-draw match win this century, equaling the record set by Zsófia Gubacsi at the 2001 French Open. This was Mertens' first title on grass courts, having now won titles on all three surfaces.

Liudmila Samsonova was the defending champion, but lost in the first round to Carson Branstine.

2001 French Open – Women's singles
Jennifer Capriati defeated Kim Clijsters in the final, 1–6, 6–4, 12–10 to win the women's singles tennis title at the 2001 French Open. It was her first French Open title and second major title overall. Clijsters was the first Belgian woman to reach a major singles final, having won an all-Belgian semifinal against Justine Henin for the honor.

Mary Pierce was the reigning champion, but did not compete due to a back injury.

This marked the first major appearance of future Wimbledon champion Marion Bartoli. It also marked the French Open debut of future champion Francesca Schiavone, who reached the quarterfinals, her best result at the tournament until her title run nine years later.

This was the last major to feature only 16 seeds.
Imeni Poliny Osipenko District
Imeni Poliny Osipenko District (Russian: райо́н и́мени Поли́ны Осипе́нко) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It is located in the center of the krai. The area of the district is 34,560 square kilometers (13,340 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality  (a selo) of imeni Poliny Osipenko. Population:  5,198 (2010 Census); 6,568 (2002 Census); 7,651 (1989 Soviet census). The population of the administrative center accounts for 43.3% of the district's total population.

Krai
A krai or kray is one of the types of federal subjects of modern Russia, and was a type of geographical administrative division in the Russian Empire and the Russian SFSR.

Etymologically, the word is related to the verb кроить (kroítǐ [krɐˈitʲ]), meaning 'to cut'. Historically, krais were vast territories located along the periphery of the Russian state, since the word krai also means 'border' or 'edge', i.e., 'a place of the cut-off'. In English the term is often translated as 'territory'. As of 2015, the administrative usage of the term is mostly traditional, as some oblasts also fit this description and there is no difference in constitutional legal status in Russia between the krais and the oblasts.
Southport Winter Gardens
The Southport Winter Gardens was a Victorian entertainment area located within the town of Southport, Merseyside.
The original winter gardens comprised a theatre, opera house, aquarium, a small zoo, conservatory, promenades and halls situated under the grand glass domes.

Southport and Cheshire Lines Extension Railway
The Southport and Cheshire Lines Extension Railway was an early British railway company operating in the then county of Lancashire. It was constructed to link the Cheshire Lines Committee railway at Aintree to Southport. It operated from 1884 to 1952.
Jaynie Parkhouse
Jaynie Margaret Hudgell (née Parkhouse, born 17 April 1956) is a retired female freestyle swimmer from New Zealand, who competed for her native country at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany. 
She claimed the gold medal at the 1974 British Commonwealth Games in Christchurch, New Zealand, in the women's 800 m freestyle and bronze medal in the 400 m freestyle.

Born in Cambridge, Hudgell grew up in Christchurch where she attended Villa Maria College and raced for the Wharenui Swimming Club under her father Vincent Temple (Pic) Parkhouse.

Jaynie Parkhouse Drive, within Queen Elizabeth II Park, where she won her gold and bronze medals, was named after her. Parkhouse Reserve and Parkhouse Street in Rangiora are also named after her.

In 2021 she became president of Swimming New Zealand.

Villa Maria College, Christchurch
Villa Maria College (Māori: Te Whare o Meri) is a single-sex secondary school in Christchurch, New Zealand. It was opened on 18 February 1918 with 14 pupils. It was founded by the Sisters of Mercy and served as a parish school when boys were admitted in 1921. From 1941 the school reverted to being a girls' college. Villa Maria College is a day school but it also had boarders between 1935 and 1979. In 1981, the college was integrated into the New Zealand state school system under the Private Schools Conditional Integration Act 1975 but its proprietors remain the Sisters of Mercy (through the Sisters of Mercy Trust Board).
Waaris (1988 film)
Waaris (transl. Heir) is a 1988 Indian Hindi-language film directed by Ravindra Peepat. The film stars Smita Patil, Raj Babbar, Raj Kiran and Amrita Singh in the lead roles. The film was adapted from the Punjabi novel Kaare — Hatthi by Sohan Singh Hans (as credited in the film). Rekha dubbed the lines for Smita Patil who died before the film's release. Patil posthumously won the Best Actress trophy at the 2nd Star & Style-Lux Awards.

Raj Babbar
Raj Babbar (born 23 June 1952) is an Indian Hindi and Punjabi film actor and politician belonging to Indian National Congress. He is a three-time member of the Lok Sabha and a two-time member of the Rajya Sabha. He was the state President of Uttar Pradesh Congress Committee.
Physalis coztomatl
Physalis coztomatl is a plant species in the genus Physalis. It produces edible orange-yellow fruits, but is rarely cultivated. The leaves are oval-shaped. It is native to America; the Aztecs used it medicinally. It contains labdane diterpenes, and was the first species in Physalis in which  they were found.

Labdane
Labdane is a natural bicyclic diterpene.  It forms the structural core for a wide variety of natural products collectively known as labdanes or labdane diterpenes.  The labdanes were so named because the first members of the class were originally obtained from labdanum, a resin derived from the gum rockrose.

A variety of biological activities have been determined for labdane diterpenes including antibacterial, antifungal, antiprotozoal, and anti-inflammatory activities. Natural labdanes in tree resin are believed to be the precursors of amber, which polymerise under great pressure.
Cirrus Mountain
Cirrus Mountain is a 3,270-metre (10,730-foot) mountain summit located in the upper North Saskatchewan River valley on the shared boundary between Banff National Park and White Goat Wilderness Area, in the Canadian Rockies of Alberta, Canada. Cirrus Mountain is situated along the east side the Icefields Parkway midway between Saskatchewan Crossing and Sunwapta Pass. Topographic relief is significant as the summit rises 1,740 m (5,710 ft) above the parkway in 3 km (1.9 mi). The nearest higher peak is Mount Stewart, 5.92 km (3.68 mi) to the north-northeast.

Terrain
Terrain (from Latin  terra 'earth'), alternatively relief or topographical relief, is the dimension and shape of a given surface of a land. In physical geography, terrain is the lay of the land. This is usually expressed in terms of the elevation, slope, and orientation of terrain features. Terrain affects surface water flow and distribution. Over a large area, it can affect weather and climate patterns. Bathymetry is the study of underwater relief, while hypsometry studies terrain relative to sea level.
Isle of Wight Festival 2012
The Isle of Wight Festival 2012 was the eleventh revived Isle of Wight Festival, held at Seaclose Park in Newport on the Isle of Wight. The event ran from 21 to 24 June 2012.

The 2012 event was the second under a ten-year deal between the Isle of Wight Council and the promoters Solos. Dubbed the "American Trilogy" by festival organiser John Giddings, it was headlined by Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers, Pearl Jam and Bruce Springsteen & The E Street Band.

Overnight heavy rain on 21 and 22 June waterlogged the event ground and cars driving on it turned it into a mudbath and had to be towed out by a tractor, resulting in visiting fans' cars waiting to be allowed in backing up the roads all the way back to the ferry dock.

James Walsh (musician)
James Milne Walsh (born 10 June 1980) is an English singer, songwriter, guitarist, pianist and frontman of the band Starsailor. Walsh released his first solo studio album, Lullaby, in 2012. He released his fourth and fifth albums, both in 2021. Including his work with Starsailor, he has sold over three million albums globally.
Olhivka
Olhivka (Ukrainian: О́льгівка) is the name of five villages in Ukraine:

Olhivka, Borova settlement hromada, Izium Raion, Kharkiv Oblast (founded in 1685)

Olhivka, Tiahynka rural hromada, Beryslav Raion, Kherson Oblast (founded in 1830)

Olhivka, Tavrychanka rural hromada, Kakhovka Raion, Kherson Oblast (founded in 1902)

Olhivka, Novhorodka settlement hromada, Kropyvnytskyi Raion, Kirovohrad Oblast

Olhivka, Kozelshchyna settlement hromada, Kremenchuk Raion, Poltava Oblast

Kropyvnytskyi Raion
Kropyvnytskyi Raion is a raion (district) of Kirovohrad Oblast in central Ukraine. Its administrative center is the city of Kropyvnytskyi (until July 2016 Kirovohrad). Population: 429,585 (2022 estimate).

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Kirovohrad Oblast was reduced to four, and the area of Kropyvnytskyi Raion was significantly expanded. Seven abolished raions, Bobrynets, Dolynska, Kompaniivka, Novhorodka, Oleksandrivka, Ustynivka, and Znamianka Raions, as well as Kropyvnytskyi and Znamianka Municipalities, were merged into Kropyvnytskyi Raion. The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 36,353 (2020 est.).

The district was known as Kirovohrad Raion until November 2018, when it was renamed in accordance with the decommunisation law.
Papyrus 108
Papyrus 108 is a copy of the New Testament in Greek. It is a papyrus manuscript of the Gospel of John, containing verses 17:23-24 (the end of the Farewell Discourse) and 18:1-5 in a fragmentary condition. It is designated by the siglum 𝔓108 in the Gregory-Aland numbering of New Testament manuscripts. Using the study of comparartive writing styles (paleography), it has been assigned to the late 2nd or early 3rd Century CE.
The manuscript is currently housed at the Papyrology Rooms (P. Oxy. 4447) of the Sackler Library at Oxford University.

Scribal abbreviation
Scribal abbreviations, or sigla (singular: siglum), are abbreviations used by ancient and medieval scribes writing in various languages, including Latin, Greek, Old English and Old Norse.

In modern manuscript editing (substantive and mechanical) sigla are the symbols used to indicate the source manuscript (e.g. variations in text between different such manuscripts).
Barbaresco
Barbaresco is an Italian wine made from the Nebbiolo grape. Barbaresco is produced in the Piedmont region in an area of the Langhe immediately to the east of Alba and specifically in the comunes of Barbaresco, Treiso and Neive, plus that area of the frazione San Rocco Seno d'Elvio, which was once part of the comune of Barbaresco and now belongs to the comune of Alba. It was granted Denominazione di origine controllata (DOC) status in 1966 and Denominazione di Origine Controllata e Garantita (DOCG) status in 1980. The wine is often compared with Barolo—another Nebbiolo-based wine from the Piedmont area. Though the wines do share many similarities, there are some distinct differences between them.

The area under vine has increased dramatically over the last few decades - from 484 hectares in the early 1990s to 733 hectares in 2019.

Treiso
Treiso is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cuneo in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) southeast of Turin and about 50 kilometres northeast of Cuneo. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 764 and an area of 9.5 square kilometres (3.7 sq mi).

Treiso borders the following municipalities: Alba, Barbaresco, Neive, Neviglie, and Trezzo Tinella.
2014 Poznań Open
The 2014 Poznań Open was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the eleventh edition of the tournament which was part of the 2014 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place at the Park Tenisowy Olimpia in Poznań, Poland from 12 to 20 July 2014, including the qualifying competition in the first two days.

Kamil Majchrzak
Kamil Adrian Majchrzak (born 13 January 1996) is a Polish professional tennis player. He has a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 55 achieved on 2 February 2026 and a doubles ranking of No. 241 achieved on 8 August 2016. He is currently the No. 1 singles player from Poland.
Nesib Malkić
Nesib Malkić (July 5, 1961 – October 25, 1993) was a Bosnian military commander in the Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina during the Bosnian War, and also the commander of 210/281. Knight's Liberation Brigade, to which the name "Nesib Malkić" was added after his death.

Živinice
Živinice is a town located in Tuzla Canton in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is located in northeastern Bosnia and Herzegovina, south of Tuzla. As of 2013, it has a population of 57,765 inhabitants.
1917 Harvard Crimson football team
The 1917 Harvard Crimson football team, also known as the Harvard Informals, represented Harvard University in the 1917 college football season. The Crimson finished with a 3–1–3 record under first-year head coach Wingate Rollins. Walter Camp did not select any Harvard players as first-team members of his 1917 College Football All-America Team.

The team was known as the "Informals" for legal reasons. Prior to the United States' entry into World War I, the team had signed binding contracts to play games with various universities and colleges.  When war was declared, the team cancelled its season and cancelled the contracts. When students decide to play football after all, the team was denoted as an "informal" team to fulfill the desire for football without opening the team up to suits for breach of contract.

1917 college football season
The 1917 college football season ended with six undefeated teams in Georgia Tech, Pittsburgh, Ohio State, Texas A&M, Williams, and Washington State.

The Official NCAA Division I Football Records Book lists only Georgia Tech as national champions, the South's first.

Tech coach John Heisman challenged Pitt coach Pop Warner to a postseason contest to determine a national champion, but as such a match did not occur until the next season. The Golden Tornado was invited to play a 4–3 Oregon team in the Rose Bowl, but by then many players had joined the war effort.

In the second week of play, Georgia Tech beat Penn 41–0. Bernie McCarty called it "Strupper's finest hour, coming through against powerful Penn in the contest that shocked the East." By comparison, Pitt defeated Penn 14–6.
Eustachy Tyszkiewicz
Count Eustachy Tyszkiewicz, Leliwa coat of arms, (18 April 1814 – 27 August 1873) was a Polish noble from the Tyszkiewicz family. He was an archaeologist and historian of the former Grand Duchy of Lithuania and White Ruthenia, then part of the Russian Empire. He is considered the first archaeologist to have undertaken a systematic study of historical sites in Belarus and Lithuania, and was highly influential on succeeding generations of archaeologists. In 1855 he founded the Museum of Antiquities in Vilnius (Vilna, Wilno), which is regarded as the predecessor institution of the National Museum of Lithuania. He donated his personal collection of archaeological and historical artifacts to start the museum. He was a younger brother of historian Konstanty Tyszkiewicz.

White Ruthenia
White Ruthenia, or White Rus' (Belarusian: Белая Русь, romanized: Biełaja Ruś; Polish: Ruś Biała; Russian: Белая Русь, romanized: Belaya Rus'; Ukrainian: Біла Русь, romanized: Bila Ruś; Yiddish: רייסן, romanized: Raysn), is one of the historical divisions of Kievan Rus' according to the color scheme, which also includes Black and Red Ruthenia. In the Late Middle Ages and Early Modern period, the name White Ruthenia was characterized by instability, designating a number of different regions on the territory of modern Belarus, Russia, and Ukraine. It is recorded mainly in Western European sources, starting from the middle of the 13th century.
Ordaz
Ordaz is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Diego de Ordaz (1480–1532), Spanish conquistador, participated in the exploration and conquest of Mexico

Diego Ordaz (born 1984), Mexican football defender

Gustavo Díaz Ordaz (1911–1979), served as the President of Mexico from 1964 to 1970

Luis Ordaz (born 1975), free agent utility infielder in Major League Baseball

Tomás Álvarez de Acevedo Ordaz, twice interim governor of the Kingdom of Chile in 1780 and between 1787 and 1788

Yolanda Ordaz de la Cruz, Mexican journalist killed in 2011

Tomás Álvarez de Acevedo
Tomás Antonio Álvarez de Acevedo Ordaz was a Spanish colonial administrator who was President of the Real Audiencia of Santiago between 1776 and 1788.

He also served twice as interim Royal Governor of Chile, first in 1780 and again between 1787 and 1788.
March 30 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
March 29 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - March 31

All fixed commemorations below are observed on April 12 by Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For March 30th, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on March 17.

Gavril Bănulescu-Bodoni
Gavril Bănulescu-Bodoni (Romanian pronunciation: [ɡaˈvril bənuˈlesku boˈdoni]; 1746 – 30 March 1821) was a Romanian clergyman who served as Metropolitan of Moldavia (1792), Metropolitan of Kherson and Crimea (1793–1799), Metropolitan of Kiev and Halych (1799–1803), Exarch of Moldo-Wallachia (1806–1812), and Archbishop of Chișinău (1812–1821), being the first head of the church in Bessarabia after the Russian annexation.
Sine Sierra
Sine Sierra is The Faint's debut album, released in 1995. At the time, the band was known as Norman Bailer. The album was released by Lumberjack Records on cassette only. Conor Oberst, of Bright Eyes, was in the band at the time. He played guitar and sang backing vocals, as well as being the sole singer on certain songs, including "Willow Wood".

The Faint
The Faint is an American indie rock band from Omaha, Nebraska, whose members blend dance-punk, post-punk revival, and new wave influences within the Saddle Creek Records collective. Founded in 1995 as Norman Bailer by vocalist Todd Fink, drummer Clark Baechle, and multi-instrumentalist Joel Petersen, the project briefly featured Bright Eyes frontman Conor Oberst before solidifying its lineup and touring alongside labelmates. The synth-driven albums Blank-Wave Arcade 1999 and Danse Macabre 2001 earned the group an underground following on the United States club circuit.

Since 2016 the band has featured Fink, Baechle, guitarist Dapose, and keyboardist Graham Ulicny while turning down major-label offers to remain part of the Saddle Creek community and releasing the career retrospective CAPSULE:1999-2016 and the studio album Egowerk in 2019.
Nuvvila
Nuvvila is a 2011 Indian Telugu romantic comedy film written and directed by Ravi Babu. He introduced six new faces with this film in lead roles. Ajay, Havish, Yami Gautam, Vijay Deverakonda,  Prasad Barve, Sarayu, and Remya Nambeesan. The film features music by Shekar Chandra and is produced by Ramoji Rao.

Ramoji Rao
Cherukuri Ramoji Rao (16 November 1936 – 8 June 2024) was an Indian businessman, media proprietor and film producer. He was head of the Ramoji Group which owns the world's largest film production facility Ramoji Film City, Eenadu newspaper, ETV Network of TV channels, film production company Usha Kiran Movies.

His other business ventures included Margadarsi Chit Fund, Dolphin Group of Hotels, Kalanjali Shopping Mall, Priya Pickles, ETV Win OTT platform and Mayuri Film Distributors.

Rao garnered four Filmfare Awards South, five Nandi Awards and the National Film Award for his works in Telugu cinema. In 2016, he was honoured with the Padma Vibhushan, India's second-highest civilian honour, for his contributions in journalism, literature and education.
Daviesia leptophylla
Daviesia leptophylla, commonly known as narrow-leaf bitter-pea or slender bitter pea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to south-eastern continental Australia. It is a broom-like, multi-stemmed shrub with dull, yellowish-green, linear phyllodes and  bright yellow flowers with maroon markings.

Papilionaceous flower
Papilionaceous flowers (from Latin: papilion, a butterfly) are flowers with the characteristic irregular and butterfly-like corolla found in many, though not all, plants of the species-rich Faboideae subfamily of legumes. Tournefort suggested that the term Flores papilionacei originated with Valerius Cordus, who applied it to the flowers of the bean.