hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Franklin/Van Buren station
Franklin/Van Buren was a station on the Chicago Transit Authority's Metropolitan Main Line. The station was located at Franklin Street and Van Buren Street in downtown Chicago. Franklin/Van Buren opened on October 11, 1897, and closed 58 years later on October 11, 1955.

Chicago Transit Authority
The Chicago Transit Authority (CTA) is a public transit agency in Chicago, Illinois, United States. It operates the Chicago "L" rail system and CTA bus services.

The CTA was established as an independent governmental agency by the Metropolitan Transportation Act passed by the Illinois General Assembly on April 12, 1945. It started operations on October 1, 1947, upon the purchase and combination of the transportation assets of the Chicago Rapid Transit Company and the Chicago Surface Lines streetcar system. In 1952, CTA purchased the assets of the Chicago Motor Coach Company, resulting in a fully unified system. Today, the CTA is one of the three service boards financially supported by the Regional Transportation Authority, and CTA service connects with Metra commuter rail and Pace Suburban Bus.

In 2025, the system had a ridership of 319,160,900, or about 971,400 per weekday as of the fourth quarter of 2025.
Richard Greenall
Richard Greenall (11 May 1806 – 27 November 1867) was Archdeacon of Chester from September 1866 until his death.

Greenall was born at Wilderspool and educated at Brasenose College, Oxford, where he matriculated in 1824, graduating B.A. in 1828, and M.A. in 1831. He  was the Incumbent at Stretton, Warrington from 1831.

Stretton, Warrington
Stretton is a village and civil parish in the Borough of Warrington, Cheshire, England. The parish includes the village of Lower Stretton. It is at the very southern tip of Warrington, about 4 miles (6.4 km) south of the town centre. It has a large hotel (Park Royal Hotel) and is the site of Warrington's private hospital, run by Spire Healthcare. The village is near junction 10 of the M56 motorway.

The Royal Navy Air Station HMS Blackcap existed at Stretton between June 1942 and November 1958.

Stretton means "settlement on a Roman Road" (from the Old English stræt and tun). In this case the road ran Northwich to Warrington.
Fort Allen (Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania)
Fort Allen (also known as "Truby's Blockhouse") was a military structure which was built in Hempfield Township, Westmoreland County in the Province of Pennsylvania by Colonel Christopher Truby of Pennsylvania's colonial militia. Erected in 1774 in response to a threatened attack by Indians upon German pioneers who had settled in the area, it became a frontier fort of Dunmore's War in 1774, and also was used as a fort during the American Revolution in which Truby also served as an officer with the Continental Army.

Province of Pennsylvania
The Province of Pennsylvania, also known as the Pennsylvania Colony, was a British North American colony founded by William Penn, who received the land through a grant from Charles II of England in 1681. The name Pennsylvania was derived from Latin, meaning "Penn's Woods", a reference to William Penn's father Admiral Sir William Penn.
Polavaram Assembly constituency
Polavaram Assembly constituency is a Scheduled Tribe reserved constituency in Eluru district of Andhra Pradesh that elects representatives to the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly in India. It is one of the seven assembly segments of Eluru Lok Sabha constituency.

Chirri Balaraju is the current MLA of the constituency, having won the 2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election from Jana Sena Party.  The constituency was established in 1955, as per the Delimitation Orders (1955).

2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election
The 2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election was held in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh on 13 May 2024 for constituting the sixteenth Andhra Pradesh Assembly. They were held alongside the 2024 Indian general election. The election results were declared on 4 June 2024.

The political alliance Kutami, led by the Telugu Desam Party, won the election in a landslide, winning 164 of the 175 seats. The Telugu Desam Party (TDP) won 135 out of 144 contested seats. In comparison, the Janasena Party (JSP) won all the 21 seats it contested and the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) won 8 out of 10 contested seats. The incumbent YSR Congress Party (YSRCP) only won 11 seats. The Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance (INDIA) comprising Indian National Congress (INC), Communist Party of India (CPI) and Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI(M)) failed to win any seats, for the third time continuously in a row.
Jans Rautenbach
Jans Rautenbach (22 February 1936 – 2 November 2016) was a South African screenwriter, film producer and director. His 1968 film Die Kandidaat proved controversial and received some censorship in South Africa, because of perceived criticism of the apartheid system. His last film, Abraham, was a hit at the South African box office.

Demographics of South Africa
According to the 2022 census, the population of South Africa is about 62 million people of diverse origins, cultures, languages, and religions, with a majority being Black Africans. The South African National Census of 2022 was the most recent census held; the next will be in 2032.

In 2011, Statistics South Africa counted 2.1 million foreigners in total. Reports suggest that is an underestimation. The real figure may be as high as five million, including some three million Zimbabweans.
1911 Arkansas Razorbacks football team
The 1911 Arkansas Razorbacks football team represented the University of Arkansas during the 1911 college football season. In their fourth year under head coach Hugo Bezdek, the Razorbacks compiled a 6–2–1 record, shut out five of nine opponents, and outscored all opponents by a combined total of 268 to 23. The team's 100–0 victory over S.W. Missouri St. remains the highest single-game point total in Arkansas history.

1911 college football season
The 1911 college football season was the last one before major reforms were made to the American game in 1912.  In 1911, touchdowns were worth five points, the field was 110 yards in length, and a team had three downs within which to advance the ball ten yards.  The United States Naval Academy (Navy) finished with a record of 6 wins and 3 ties (6–0–3). Two of the ties were 0–0 games with the other major unbeaten teams, Penn State (8–0–1) and Princeton (8–0–2). Other teams that finished the season unbeaten were Minnesota (6–0–1), Florida (5–0–1) and Oklahoma (8-0).

At the end of the season Princeton was named as the year's champion by The New York Times. The Helms Athletic Foundation, founded in 1936, declared retroactively that Princeton had been the best team of 1911.
Allahverdiyev
Allahverdiyev (masculine, Azerbaijani: Allahverdiyev) or Allahverdiyeva (feminine, Azerbaijani: Allahverdiyeva) is an Azerbaijani surname. It is also a surname in Armenia and Georgia. It is a slavicised version of Allahverdi. Notable people with the surname include:

Aladdin Allahverdiyev (born 1947), Azerbaijani scientist

Ayan Allahverdiyeva (born 2005), Azerbaijani chess player

Elnur Allahverdiyev (born 1983), Azerbaijani footballer

Elnur M. Allahverdiyev (born 1978), Member of the National Assembly of Azerbaijan

Jalal Allakhverdiyev (1929–2017), Azerbaijani mathematician

Mahaddin Allahverdiyev (born 1962), Soviet Azerbaijani sport wrestler

Museyib Allahverdiyev (1909–1979), Soviet Army officer

Rafael Allahverdiyev (1945–2009), Azerbaijani politician

East Slavic name
East Slavic naming customs are the traditional way of identifying a person's given name, patronymic name, and family name in East Slavic cultures in Russia and some countries formerly part of the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union.

They are used commonly in Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Moldova, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and to a lesser extent in Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Azerbaijan, Armenia and Georgia.
The Clambakes Series Vol. 1
The Clambakes Series Volume 1 is an album by Superchunk from a set of live albums known as The Clambakes Series. The first of three limited edition live albums in the series, it was released in 2002. The Clambakes Series Volume 1 (limited to 1,500 copies) is a handful of acoustic live sets recorded in various record stores across the United States in tour support of Superchunk's eighth studio album, Here's to Shutting Up.

The band was accompanied by Annie Hayden from Merge labelmates Spent on the tour, and appears on these tracks. Tracks 1–5 were recorded live at CD Alley in Chapel Hill, North Carolina. Tracks 6 and 7 were recorded live at Crooked Beat in Raleigh, North Carolina. Tracks 8–12 were recorded live at Gate City Noise in Greensboro, North Carolina. Tracks 13–17 were recorded live at various record stores in Seattle, Washington. Track 18 was recorded live at Good Records in Dallas, Texas.

Here's to Shutting Up
Here's to Shutting Up is the eighth studio album by American indie rock band Superchunk. Brian Paulson, who served as co-producer, previously worked with the band on 1994's Foolish.

The title of the album is taken from the opening of the song "Out on the Wing."
Bacon mania
Bacon mania is passionate enthusiasm for bacon in the United States and  Canada. Novelty bacon dishes and other bacon-related items have been popularized rapidly via the internet.

The movement has been traced to the late 1990s when high-protein foods became a more prominent diet focus due in part to the Atkins diet. Since then, bacon-focused events and gatherings celebrating the food have been reported and bacon-related exploits have been featured in the media. Many have criticized bacon mania due to the promotion of processed meats.

Atkins diet
The Atkins diet is a low-carbohydrate fad diet devised by Robert Atkins in the 1970s, marketed with claims that carbohydrate restriction is crucial to weight loss and that the diet offered "a high calorie way to stay thin forever".

The diet became popular in the early 2000s, with Atkins' book becoming one of the top 50 best-selling books in history, and as many as 1 in 11 North American adults claiming to be following it. Atkins died in 2003 and in 2005 Atkins Nutritionals, Inc. filed for bankruptcy following substantial financial losses.

There is no strong evidence of the diet's effectiveness in achieving durable weight loss; it is unbalanced as it promotes unlimited consumption of protein and saturated fat, and it may increase the risk of heart disease.
Mel Richardson
Melvin "Mel" Richardson (April 29, 1928 – December 11, 2014) was an American radio broadcaster and politician.

Born in Salt Lake City, Utah, Richardson was a radio broadcaster and later was a television broadcaster. Richardson served as Mayor of Ammon, Idaho and was a Republican. In 1988, Richardson served in the Idaho House of Representatives and then he served in the Idaho State Senate from 1992 until 2008. Richardson died of cancer in Idaho Falls, Idaho.

Idaho Senate
The Idaho State Senate is the upper chamber of the Idaho Legislature. It consists of 35 senators elected to two-year terms, each representing a district of the state. The Senate meets at the Idaho State Capitol in Boise, Idaho.
Goshiki-numa
Goshiki-numa (五色沼), is a cluster of five volcanic lakes situated at the foot of Mount Bandai in the center of the lake district of the Bandai Highland (磐梯高原, Bandai-kōgen), Kitashiobara, Fukushima, Japan.

Goshiki-numa formed when Mount Bandai erupted on July 15, 1888, destroying dozens of villages and killing approximately 500 people while creating hundreds of lakes and tarns.

The eruption completely rearranged the landscape, creating the Bandai-kōgen plateau and damming local rivers. The eruption imparted mineral deposits to the Five Colored Lakes giving each of them its own distinct color, ranging from reddish green to cobalt blue. The colors of each lake mysteriously fluctuate throughout the year with the weather. Since the eruption, Goshiki-numa has become a popular tourist destination. An approximately four-kilometer walking path from Lake Bishamon, the largest of the five lakes, to Lake Hibara affords people a view of all five lakes.

Cobalt blue
Cobalt blue is a blue pigment made by sintering cobalt(II) oxide with aluminium(III) oxide (alumina) at 1200 °C. Chemically, cobalt blue pigment is cobalt(II) oxide-aluminium oxide, or cobalt(II) aluminate, CoAl2O4. Cobalt blue is lighter and less intense than the (iron-cyanide based) pigment Prussian blue. It is extremely stable, and has historically been used as a coloring agent in ceramics (especially Chinese porcelain), jewelry, and paint. Transparent glasses are tinted with the silica-based cobalt pigment "smalt".
1847 Rye by-election
The 1847 Rye by-election was held on 23 December 1847 at the town hall, Rye. It was called after the death of the incumbent Herbert Barrett Curteis (Whig).  His son Herbert Mascall Curteis,  also a Whig, was elected unopposed.

Herbert Mascall Curteis
Herbert Mascall Curteis (8 January 1823 – 16 June 1895) was an English cricketer active from 1841 to 1860 who played for Sussex. He appeared in 57 first-class matches as a righthanded batsman who bowled slow roundarm. Career data is incomplete but he accounted for 560 runs with a highest score of 29 and took eleven wickets with a best performance of three in one innings. Two of his sons, Herbert and Robert, also played for Sussex.

Curteis was born in Florence, Italy, the only son of Herbert Barrett Curteis who was touring Italy with his wife at the time. He was educated at Westminster School and Christ Church, Oxford. His father was member of parliament for Rye, Sussex, from 1841 until 1847 when he died leaving 'large landed estates' to Herbert Mascall Curteis, who succeeded him in the representation of Rye and served until the next general election in 1852. He died at his house, Windmill Hill Place, near Hailsham, Sussex.
Bonus Books
Bonus Books is an American book publisher based in Los Angeles, California. The company publishes approximately 30 books per year, primarily "how to" books on subjects such as casino gambling, sports biographies, broadcasting and journalism. Frequent authors include Frank Scoblete and John Grochowski.  An additional imprint is Volt Press.

Frank Scoblete
Frank Scoblete (born 1947) is an American author who has written both under his own name and King Scobe about casino gambling. Referred to by The Washington Post as  "a widely published authority on casino games," his books include Beat the Craps out of the Casinos, Golden Touch Blackjack Revolution, and Beat the One-Armed Bandits. He has written and appeared in television documentaries such as the "What Would You Do If ...?" program on The Travel Channel, written numerous columns for gambling magazines and websites, and produced a series of videotapes and DVDs, with most of his work being about the games of craps and blackjack.
Hedingham & Chambers
Hedingham & Chambers was a bus operator, part of the larger Go East Anglia unit within the Go-Ahead Group, consisting of the Hedingham and Chambers brands. The group was formed when Go-Ahead purchased the two firms in June 2012. After the sale, the two brands were retained with assets, such as depots, shared along with the launch of a unified website in 2021.

In March 2025, Go East Anglia announced it would begin to consolidate its bus operations in the East of England under the Konectbus brand from June 2025, with the Hedingham & Chambers names now being retired in favour of Konectbuses Essex and Suffolk and vehicles adopting a blue livery. In October 2025 Go East Anglia was acquired by Transport Made Simple, bringing Hedingham & Chambers, now Konectbuses Essex and Suffolk back into independent ownership, alongside its Norfolk based counterpart Konectbus Norfolk.

Tollesbury
Tollesbury is a village and civil parish in the Maldon District of Essex, England. It lies on the coast at the mouth of the River Blackwater. It is situated 9 miles (14 km) east of the historic port of Maldon and 12 miles (19 km) south of Colchester. At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 2,810.

For centuries Tollesbury, the village of the plough and sail, relied on the harvests of the land and the sea. The main trade and export of Tollesbury, which still thrives to this day, has long been oysters.
Borrego Springs, California
Borrego Springs is a census-designated place (CDP) in northeastern San Diego County, California. It is located within the Low Desert area of Southern California. The population was 3,073 at the 2020 census. Borrego Springs is surrounded by Anza-Borrego Desert State Park.

Low Desert
The Low Desert (colloquially referred to as the Desert within the region) is a common name for any desert in California that is under 2,000 feet (609.6 m) in altitude. These areas include, but are not exclusive to, the Colorado Desert and Yuha Desert branches of the Sonoran Desert, in the far southeasternmost portion of Southern California. The Low Desert is distinguished in biogeography from the adjacent northern High Desert or Mojave Desert by latitude, elevation, animal life, climate, and native plant communities.
2019 Bath and North East Somerset Council election
The 2019 Bath and North East Somerset Council election was held on 2 May 2019 to elect members of Bath and North East Somerset Council in England.

The Liberal Democrats took control of the council in 2019, winning thirty-seven seats with a working majority of seven.

Bath and North East Somerset Council
Bath and North East Somerset Council is the local authority for Bath and North East Somerset, a local government district in the ceremonial county of Somerset, England. The council is a unitary authority, being a district council which also performs the functions of a county council. Since 2017 the council has been a member of the West of England Combined Authority.

The council has been under Liberal Democrat majority control since 2019. It meets at the Guildhall in Bath, and has offices in Bath, Keynsham and Midsomer Norton.
Arsala
Arsala is a village located in Jhumpura Block of Kendujhar district in Odisha, India. The village has a population of 3540, of which 1803 are males while 1737 are females as per the Population Census 2011. Balibandha, Khuntapada and Rimuli are the nearby villages to Arsala. The PIN Code of Arsala is 758031.

Kendujhar district
Kendujhar district, also known as Keonjhar district, is an administrative district of Odisha. The district is one of the fifth Scheduled Areas of Odisha. The town of Kendujhar (or Kendujhargarh) is the district headquarters. The district has three sub-divisions, Anandapur, Champua, and Kendujhar.
Singapore Artillery
The Artillery is a formation of the Singapore Army, comprising four active battalions—the 20th, 21st, 23rd and 24th Battalions—and an undisclosed number of reservist battalions. The primary role of the Artillery formation is to deliver timely, accurate and effective fire in support of the manoeuvre force to accomplish missions. As an indirect fire support system, the gunners rely on the forward observer and target acquisition elements to provide the target's location, which is then passed to the command post to direct the gunners to fire.

The unofficial motto of the Artillery formation is "Once a Gunner, Always a Gunner!"

Crew-served weapon
A crew-served weapon is any weapon system that is issued to a crew of two or more individuals performing the same or separate tasks to run at maximum operational efficiency, as opposed to an individual-service weapon, which only requires one person to run at maximum operational efficiency. The weight and bulk of the system often also requires multiple people for transportation.

Crew-served weapons operated by infantry include sniper rifles, anti-materiel rifles, machine guns, automatic grenade launchers, mortars, anti-tank guns, anti-aircraft guns, recoilless rifles, shoulder-launched missile weapons, and static anti-tank and anti-aircraft missiles.
V Constitutional Government of Timor-Leste
The V Constitutional Government (Portuguese: V Governo Constitucional, Tetum: V Governu Konstitusionál) was the fifth Constitutional Government (administration or cabinet) under the Constitution of Timor-Leste.  Formed on 8 August 2012, it was led by the country's fifth Prime Minister, Xanana Gusmão, and was replaced by the VI Constitutional Government on 16 February 2015.

Xanana Gusmão
José Alexandre "Xanana" Gusmão (Portuguese pronunciation: [ʒuˈzɛ ɐlɨˈʃɐ̃dɾɨ ʃɐˈnanɐ ɣuʒˈmɐ̃w]; born 20 June 1946) is an East Timorese politician. He has served as the tenth prime minister of Timor-Leste since 2023, previously serving as the sixth prime minister from 2007 to 2015. A former rebel, he also served as East Timor's first president since its re-establishment of independence from 2002 to 2007.
Top Chef: Las Vegas
Top Chef: Las Vegas is the sixth season of the American reality television series Top Chef. It was first filmed in Las Vegas, Nevada, before concluding in Napa, California. The season premiered on August 19, 2009, and ended on December 16, 2009. Beginning with this season, the prize money awarded to the winner was increased from US$100,000 to $125,000. In the season finale, Michael Voltaggio was declared the winner over runners-up Bryan Voltaggio and Kevin Gillespie. Gillespie was voted Fan Favorite. In 2010, Top Chef: Las Vegas received the Primetime Emmy Award for "Outstanding Reality Competition Program".

Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Reality Competition Program
The Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Reality Competition Program is handed out for reality-style, skill-based competition formats during the primetime telecast since 2003. The award goes to the producers of the program.

The Amazing Race won consecutively every year since the category's inception until Top Chef ended its streak in 2010. Likewise, American Idol had been nominated every year since the category's inception, until that streak ended in 2012.

In the following list, the first titles listed are winners, these are also in bold; those not in bold are nominees, which are listed in alphabetical order. The years given are those in which the ceremonies took place:
Keith Maillard
Keith Maillard (born 28 February 1942, in Wheeling, West Virginia) is an American Canadian novelist, poet, and professor of creative writing at the University of British Columbia. He moved to Canada in 1970 (due to his opposition to the Vietnam War) and became a Canadian citizen in 1976.

Gerald Lampert Award
The Gerald Lampert Memorial Award is an annual literary award presented by the League of Canadian Poets to the best volume of poetry published by a first-time poet.  It is presented in honour of poetry promoter Gerald Lampert. Each winner receives an honorarium of $1000.

In its earliest years, the award was not necessarily limited to poetry, but was presented to the year's best first book by a Canadian writer in either poetry or prose.
Abi Nam
Abi Nam (Persian: آبی نام, also Romanized as Ābī Nām) is a small village in Deylaman Rural District, Deylaman District, Siahkal County, Gilan Province, Iran. It is a mountainous village inside the Hyrcanian forests.

At the time of 1986 census, its population was only 2 individuals in 1 household.
The village's population was not recorded in 2006 and 2016 census results as it had less than 4 households.

The agricultural activity of the village is Animal Husbandry.

Hyrcanian forests
The Hyrcanian forests (Persian: جنگل‌های هیرکانی; Azerbaijani: Hirkan meşələri) are a zone of lush lowland and montane forests covering about 55,000 square kilometres (21,000 mi2) near the shores of the Caspian Sea in Iran and Azerbaijan. The forest is named after the ancient region of Hyrcania. The World Wide Fund for Nature refers to the ecoregion as the Caspian Hyrcanian mixed forests. Since 5 July 2019, the Hyrcanian Forests have been designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site. In September 2023, the heritage site expanded to incorporate portions of the forest located in Azerbaijan.