hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Carminow
John Carminow or Carminowe (c. 1516 – 1592) was an English politician.

He was the eldest son of Thomas Carminow, of Respryn, a gentleman of the bedchamber to Henry VIII, and his wife Elizabeth, daughter of Edward Cheeseman, Cofferer of the Household to King Henry VII, and sister to Robert Cheeseman.

His younger brother, Nicholas Carminowe, was the MP for Launceston (Dunheved) and Bodmin.

He was a Member of Parliament (MP) for Cornwall (5 October 1553 – 5 December 1553) and Truro (1563–1567). He was High Sheriff of Cornwall for 1558–59.

In spite of being described as ‘an old fornicator, a common drunkard, corrupt, ignorant’ he was a Justice of the Peace from 1569 until his death.

He married Margaret, daughter of Christopher Tredinnick, and they had 3 sons, including George and Oliver, MP for St. Mawes, and subsequently for Truro and Tregony and a daughter, Mary.

Tregony (UK Parliament constituency)
Tregony was a rotten borough in Cornwall first represented in the Model Parliament of 1295. It continuously returned two Members of Parliament to the English, and later British, Parliament from 1562 to 1832, when it was abolished by the Great Reform Act.
X-Rated: NYC
X-Rated: NYC is a Canadian reality television series, which premiered on OUTtv in 2022. It was created by the production company DaddyTV and follows the personal and professional lives of four male adult entertainers of gay pornography in New York City.

The series has aired three seasons as of 2024 and has spawned a spin-off, X-Rated: LA.

Television in Canada
Television in Canada officially began with the sign-on of the nation's first television stations in Montreal and Toronto in 1952. As with most media in Canada, the television industry, and the television programming available in that country, are strongly influenced by media in the United States and the United Kingdom, perhaps to an extent not seen in any other major industrialized nation. As a result, the government institutes quotas for "Canadian content". Nonetheless, new content is often aimed at a broader North American audience, although the similarities may be less pronounced in the predominantly French-language province of Quebec.
Usmanovo, Blagovarsky District, Republic of Bashkortostan
Usmanovo (Russian: Усманово; Bashkir: Уҫман, Uśman) is a rural locality (a village) in Tanovsky Selsoviet, Blagovarsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 54 as of 2010. There is 1 street.

Blagovarsky District
Blagovarsky District (Russian: Благова́рский райо́н; Bashkir: Благовар районы, Blagovar rayonı; Tatar: Болгавар районы, Bolğawar rayonı) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the central western part of the republic and borders with Chekmagushevsky District in the north, Kushnarenkovsky District in the northeast, Chishminsky District in the east, Davlekanovsky District in the south, and with Buzdyaksky District in the west. The area of the district is 1,688.15 square kilometers (651.80 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Yazykovo. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 26,004, with the population of Yazykovo accounting for 24.5% of that number.
Mikhail Fonin
Mikhail Mikhailovich Fonin (Russian: Михаил Михайлович Фонин; 1905 – 1974) served as the eighth first secretary of the Communist Party of the Turkmen SSR.

Fonin held this position throughout the German-Soviet War, serving from February 1939 until March 1947. His successor was Şaja Batyrow.

Communist Party of Turkmenistan
The Communist Party of Turkmenistan (Russian: Коммунистическая партия Туркменистана, romanized: Kommunisticheskaya partiya Turkmenistana; Turkmen: Түркменистаның Коммунистик Партиясы, romanized: Türkmenistanyň Kommunistik Partiýasy) was the ruling communist party of the Turkmen SSR which operated as a republican branch of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. From 1985, it was led by Saparmurat Niyazov. On 16 December 1991, as the Soviet Union was in the process of dissolving, Niyazov reorganized the CPT as the Democratic Party of Turkmenistan. The current Communist Party of Turkmenistan was made illegal during the presidency of Niyazov after independence and remains banned.
Kenya Forest Service
The Kenya Forest Service is an agency of the Government of Kenya designated by the Forest Act of 2005 as the replacement for the old Forest Department. It is overseen by the Board of the Kenya Forest Service. The former Forest Department was supported almost entirely from forest revenues, and was, as a result, chronically underfunded. Under the 2005 Forest Act this has changed somewhat, with for example, the creation of special funds such as the Water Towers Conservation Fund, a portion of which goes to forest rehabilitation, and the Mau Rehabilitation Trust Fund, for the Mau Forest. As of 2003, Kenya had 1.57 million hectares of gazetted forest.

Cherangani Hills Forest
Cherangani Hills Forest (Cherangany Hills Forest) is a collection of thirteen forest reserve blocks in western Kenya, located in the Cherangani Hills on the western ridge of the East African Rift. The forested area is about 1,200 square kilometres (463 sq mi), 956 square kilometres (369 sq mi) of which has been gazetted into forest reserves.  These forest reserves form the upper catchments of the Kerio and Nzoia and Turkwel rivers.
2010–11 Oklahoma State Cowboys basketball team
The 2010–11 Oklahoma State Cowboys basketball team represented Oklahoma State University in the 2010–11 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. This was head coach Travis Ford's third season at Oklahoma State. The Cowboys competed in the Big 12 Conference and played their home games at the Gallagher-Iba Arena. They finished the season 20-14, 6-10 in Big 12 play to finish in seventh place. They advanced to the quarterfinals of the Big 12 tournament where they lost to Kansas. They did not receive an at-large invitation to the 2011 NCAA tournament, but did receive an invitation to the 2011 National Invitation Tournament where they lost to Washington State in the second round.

2011 Big 12 men's basketball tournament
The 2011 Phillips 66 Big 12 Men's Basketball Championship was the 2011 edition of the Big 12 Conference's championship tournament held at the Sprint Center in Kansas City, Missouri from March 9 until March 12, 2011. It was won by top-seeded Kansas.
2005 NCAA Division I men's ice hockey tournament
The 2005 NCAA Division I men's ice hockey tournament involved 16 schools playing in single-elimination play to determine the national champion of men's NCAA Division I college ice hockey. It began on March 25, 2005, and ended with the championship game on April 9. A total of 15 games were played.

This tournament marked the first time in NCAA history, in any Division, in any sport, male or female, that the 4 semi-finalists all hailed from the same conference. Denver, Colorado College, Minnesota, and North Dakota were all members of the Western Collegiate Hockey Association (WCHA).

DCU Center
The DCU Center (originally Centrum in Worcester, formerly Worcester's Centrum Centre and commonly Worcester Centrum) is an indoor arena and convention center complex in downtown Worcester, Massachusetts. The facility hosts a variety of events, including concerts, sporting events, family shows, conventions, trade-shows and meetings. It is owned by the City of Worcester and managed by ASM Global, a private management firm for public assembly facilities.

Ten-year naming rights were purchased in 2004 by Digital Federal Credit Union (DCU) and went into effect January 2005. DCU's naming rights were later extended to 2027.
Lamine Sagna
Lamine Sagna (born 17 November 1969) is a Senegalese former professional footballer who played as a midfielder for ASC Jaraaf and French club Bordeaux. He made 15 appearances for the Senegal national team from 1992 to 1996. He was also named in Senegal's squad for the 1990 African Cup of Nations tournament.

ASC Jaraaf
Association Sportive et Culturelle Jaraaf is a Senegalese professional football club based in Dakar. They play in the top division in Senegalese football. Their home stadium is Stade de Diaraf.

ASC Jaraaf is the most popular club in Senegal. The club also has the most competitive honours won in Senegal, totaling to 28.
Johann Phillip Fabricius
Johann Philipp Fabricius (22 January 1711 – 23 January 1791) was a German Christian missionary and a Tamil scholar in the later part of his life. He arrived in South India in 1740 to take charge of a small Tamil Lutheran congregation in Madras and expanded it during his stay. During his time in Madras he wrote several Christian hymns in Tamil and published the first Tamil to English Dictionary. Of his works his translation of the Bible to Tamil is considered to be most noteworthy.

Scholar
A scholar is a person who is a researcher or has expertise in an academic discipline. A scholar can also be an academic, who works as a professor, teacher, or researcher at a university. An academic usually holds an advanced degree or a terminal degree, such as a master's degree or a doctorate. Independent scholars and public intellectuals work outside the academy yet may publish in academic journals and participate in scholarly public discussion.
Lectionary 226
Lectionary 226, designated by siglum ℓ 226 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering) is a Greek manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 14th century. F. H. A. Scrivener labelled it by 249evl.
Some leaves of the manuscript were lost, and some leaves have survived in a fragmentary condition.

Scribal abbreviation
Scribal abbreviations, or sigla (singular: siglum), are abbreviations used by ancient and medieval scribes writing in various languages, including Latin, Greek, Old English and Old Norse.

In modern manuscript editing (substantive and mechanical) sigla are the symbols used to indicate the source manuscript (e.g. variations in text between different such manuscripts).
Swimming at the 2014 South American Games – Men's 200 metre individual medley
The men's 200 metre individual medley competition at the 2014 South American Games took place on March 9 at the Estadio Nacional.  The last champion was Thiago Pereira of Brazil.

This race consisted of four lengths of the pool, one each in backstroke, breaststroke, butterfly and freestyle swimming.

Butterfly stroke
Butterfly (shortened to fly) is a swimming stroke swum on the front, with both arms moving symmetrically, accompanied by the butterfly kick (also known as the "dolphin kick") along with the movement of the hips and chest.

It is the newest swimming style swum in competition, first swum in the early 1950s and originating from breaststroke.

For most competitive swimmers, butterfly is the second fastest stroke, only slower than front crawl.
Not So Dusty (1936 film)
Not So Dusty is a 1936 British comedy film directed by Maclean Rogers and starring Wally Patch, Gus McNaughton and Muriel George. It was written by Frank Atkinson, Kathleen Butler, H. F. Maltby and Patch. The film was made at Nettlefold Studios in Walton-on-Thames. In 1956 the film was remade, again directed by Rogers, and starring Leslie Dwyer and Bill Owen.

Bill Owen (actor)
William John Owen Rowbotham (14 March 1914 – 12 July 1999) was an English actor and songwriter. He is best known for portraying Compo Simmonite in the Yorkshire-based BBC comedy series Last of the Summer Wine for over a quarter of a century. He died on 12 July 1999, his last appearance on-screen being shown in April 2000.
Bedford Academy
Bedford Academy (formerly John Bunyan Upper School) is a mixed secondary school and sixth form located in the Kingsbrook area of Bedford, Bedfordshire, England.

The school mainly attracts pupils from the Kingsbrook, Cauldwell and Newnham areas of Bedford, as well as the village of Elstow.

Newnham, Bedford
Newnham is an electoral ward and area within the town of Bedford, Bedfordshire, England.

The boundaries of Newnham are approximately Goldington Road to the north, the River Great Ouse to the south and east, with Denmark Street and George Street to the west.

The Riverfield housing estate, and Bedford's Priory Country Park and Marina are within the boundaries of Newnham ward as well as a number of other key facilities for Bedford town. After boundary changes in 2011, the Newnham area also includes the western section of the Castle Road neighbourhood.
Waine Pryce
Waine Pryce (born (1981-10-03)3 October 1981) is a former professional rugby league footballer who played as a winger and also as a centre in the 2000s and 2010s. He played at international level for England 'A' and Jamaica, and at club level for the Castleford Tigers, Wakefield Trinity Wildcats, Featherstone Rovers, Hunslet Hawks (two spells) and the York City Knights.

York Knights
The York Knights are the professional rugby league team of York RLFC, based in York, England. The club play their home games at York Community Stadium and competes in the Super League, the top tier of British rugby league.

The club, which was founded as the York City Knights, is a  phoenix club established after the original York club folded in 2002. The Knights played in blue and white until 2017 when they reverted to the city's traditional home colours of amber and black. The club was renamed as York RLFC in 2022 with the men's team continuing to be known as the Knights and the women's team becoming the Valkyrie.
Highly cototient number
In number theory, a branch of mathematics, a highly cototient number is a positive integer  which is above 1 and has more solutions to the equation

than any other integer below  and above 1. Here,  is Euler's totient function. There are infinitely many solutions to the equation for

= 1

so this value is excluded in the definition. The first few highly cototient numbers are:

2, 4, 8, 23, 35, 47, 59, 63, 83, 89, 113, 119, 167, 209, 269, 299, 329, 389, 419, 509, 629, 659, 779, 839, 1049, 1169, 1259, 1469, 1649, 1679, 1889, ... (sequence A100827 in the OEIS)

Many of the highly cototient numbers are odd.

The concept is somewhat analogous to that of highly composite numbers. Just as there are infinitely many highly composite numbers, there are also infinitely many highly cototient numbers. Computations become harder, since integer factorization becomes harder as the numbers get larger.

Euler's totient function
In number theory, Euler's totient function counts the positive integers up to a given integer  that are relatively prime to . It is written using the Greek letter phi as  or , and may also be called Euler's phi function. In other words, it is the number of integers  in the range  for which the greatest common divisor  is equal to 1. The integers  of this form are sometimes referred to as totatives of .

For example, the totatives of  are the six numbers 1, 2, 4, 5, 7 and 8. They are all relatively prime to 9, but the other three numbers in this range, 3, 6, and 9 are not, since  and . Therefore, . As another example,  since for  the only integer in the range from 1 to  is 1 itself, and .

Euler's totient function is a multiplicative function, meaning that if two numbers  and  are relatively prime, then .
This function gives the order of the multiplicative group of integers modulo n (the group of units of the ring ). It is also used for defining the RSA encryption system.
Richard Carmen
Richard Carmen (born July 1968 in Colorado Springs, Colorado) is an American character actor. He is known for his leading role in the 2007 Sundance film Zoo where he played the main character's brother. Richard also appeared in two short films featured on the Fox reality series On The Lot and a role in the 2009 horror movie Zombies of Mass Destruction which played at SIFF. Richard also starred as Vance in the horror movie The Taken (2010). In addition, he was an actor and assistant director in Bound to be Different (2011) and Eden (2012).

Zoo (2007 film)
Zoo is a 2007 American documentary film based on the life and death of Kenneth Pinyan. This American man died of peritonitis due to perforation of the colon after engaging in receptive anal sex with a horse. The film combines audio testimony from people involved in the case or who were familiar with Pinyan, "with speculative re-enactments that feature a mix of actors and actual subjects".

The film's title refers to the subcultural term for a zoophile, a person with a sexual interest in animals. Zoo’s filmmakers intended to approach the film’s subject matter from a non-sensationalized perspective and chose to forego more lurid details, focusing instead on humanizing the people involved.

The film premiered at the Sundance Film Festival in January 2007, one of 16 documentaries accepted out of 857 candidates. Following Sundance, it was selected as one of five American films to be presented at the Directors' Fortnight sidebar at the 2007 Cannes Film Festival.
Lloyd Mangrum
Lloyd Eugene Mangrum (August 1, 1914 – November 17, 1973) was an American professional golfer. He was known for his smooth swing and his relaxed demeanour on the course, which earned him the nickname "Mr. Icicle."

1951 Ryder Cup
The 9th Ryder Cup Matches were held November 2–4, 1951 at Course No. 2 of the Pinehurst Resort in Pinehurst, North Carolina. The United States team won their fifth consecutive competition by a score of 91⁄2 to 21⁄2 points.

The two-day competition was held on Friday and Sunday; Saturday was an off day so that the participants (and spectators) could attend a college football game in Chapel Hill, about 70 miles (110 km) northeast. North Carolina hosted top-ranked Tennessee and the visiting Volunteers won in a rout, 27-0.

Course No. 2, designed by Donald Ross, was set at 7,007 yards (6,407 m) for this Ryder Cup. It later hosted the U.S. Open in 1999, 2005, and 2014.
1980 WBL All-Star Game
The 1980 WBL All-Star Game was a basketball All-star game which was played on January 30, 1980, at the Alumni Hall in Chicago, during the 1979–80 season of the Women's Professional Basketball League.

The East team was coached by Dean Meminger of the New York Stars while the West was coached by Steve Kirk of the Iowa Cornets. Two players were selected from each of the 12 teams in the league.

Despite the East rallying from 12 points down with 2:04 left, behind Ann Meyers, the West came out on top 115–112.

Charlene McWhorter of the West team was named MVP after scoring a game high 31 points before fouling out with 7:02 minutes left.

Dean Meminger
Dean Peter "the Dream" Meminger (May 13, 1948 – August 23, 2013) was an American basketball player and coach. He played college basketball for Marquette where he was the NIT MVP in 1970 and a Consensus first-team All-American in 1971. He later played professionally in the NBA for six seasons, winning the NBA championship with the New York Knicks in 1973. Following his playing career, Meminger went into coaching and in 1980 he led the New York Stars to the WBL championship.
Israel Jacob Kligler
Israel Jacob Kligler (Hebrew: ישראל יעקב קליגלר; 24 April 1889 – 23 September 1944) was a microbiologist, Zionist and humanist. Kligler was born in the Austro-Hungarian Empire, educated in the United States and spent most of his career in Mandatory Palestine, but died before the creation of the State of Israel.

Kliger was one of the first four professors of the Hebrew University and the founder of Department of Hygiene and Bacteriology of the university, which he headed until his death in 1944. As  one of the pioneers of modern medical research in Mandatory Palestine, his interests lay in a wide range of disciplines,  including Parasitology, Virology, Nutrition, Epidemiology and Public Health.

Kliger developed the Kligler Iron Agar medium for the isolation and identification of intestinal bacteria, which is still in use today.

Kligler's was a key contributor to the eradication of malaria in Mandatory Palestine, a mission completed after his death.

Israeli Declaration of Independence
The Israeli Declaration of Independence, formally the Declaration of the Establishment of the State of Israel (Hebrew: הכרזה על הקמת מדינת ישראל), was proclaimed on 14 May 1948 (5 Iyar 5708), at the end of the civil war phase and beginning of the Arab–Israeli War of the 1948 Palestine war, by David Ben-Gurion, the executive head of the World Zionist Organization and chairman of the Jewish Agency for Palestine.

It declared the establishment of a Jewish state in Palestine (or the Land of Israel in the Jewish tradition), to be known as the State of Israel, which would come into effect on termination of the British Mandate at midnight that day. While celebrated in Israel as Independence Day, a national holiday on 5 Iyar of every year according to the Hebrew calendar, Palestinians view the day as the start of Nakba, or "catastrophe", marking the mass displacements of Palestinians and the loss of homes and lands, and commemorate it annually on 15 May as Nakba Day.
1950 Alabama Senate election
The 1950 Alabama Senate election took place on Tuesday, November 7, 1950, to elect 35 representatives to serve four-year terms in the Alabama Senate. The election used the same districts first drawn by the Alabama Constitution of 1901.

34 of the 35 Democratic nominees did not face any opposition in the general election. As the Democratic Party was dominant in the state, state legislative seats were generally decided at the Democratic primary election. The first round of the Democratic primary was held on May 2 with runoff elections on May 30. Only one Republican, Hubert E. Mitchell, sought a state senate seat, in District 3.

Senator Albert Boutwell of Jefferson County was chosen to be President pro tempore of the Senate on January 9, 1951, unopposed.

The election took place concurrently with elections for U.S. Senate, U.S. House, governor, state house, and numerous other state and local offices.

Jim Folsom
James Elisha "Big Jim" Folsom Sr. (October 9, 1908 – November 21, 1987) was an American politician who served as the 42nd governor of Alabama, having served from 1947 to 1951, and again from 1955 to 1959. He was the first governor of Alabama born in the 20th century.
Hōlualoa Bay
Hōlualoa Bay is a historic area between Kailua-Kona and Keauhou Bay in the Kona District of the Big Island of Hawaiʻi. The community now called Hōlualoa is uphill (mauka in the Hawaiian Language) from this bay.
The name means "long slide" in the Hawaiian Language, from the long trail that went from a forest on the slopes of Hualālai (where the village is now), to a site where the logs were made into canoes (on the grounds of Sadie Seymour Botanical Gardens) into this bay where a large royal building complex was built over several centuries.

Kona District, Hawaii
19°41′58.56″N 155°59′24.00″W﻿ / ﻿19.6996000°N 155.9900000°W﻿ / 19.6996000; -155.9900000

Kona is a moku or district on the Big Island of Hawaiʻi in the state of Hawaii, known for its Kona coffee and the Ironman World Championship Triathlon. In the administration of Hawaiʻi County, the moku of Kona is divided into North Kona District (Kona ʻAkau) and South Kona District (Kona Hema). "Kona" sometimes refers to its largest town, Kailua-Kona. Other towns in Kona include Kealakekua, Keauhou, Holualoa, Hōnaunau and Honalo.