hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Multi-booting
Multi-booting is the act of installing multiple operating systems on a single computer, and being able to choose which one to boot. The term dual-booting refers to the common configuration of specifically two operating systems. Multi-booting may require a custom boot loader.

Windows Boot Manager
The Windows Boot Manager (BOOTMGR) is the bootloader provided by Microsoft for Windows NT versions starting with Windows Vista and Windows Server 2008. It is the first program launched by the BIOS or UEFI of the computer and is responsible for loading the rest of Windows. It replaced the NTLDR present in older versions of Windows.

The boot sector or UEFI loads the Windows Boot Manager (a file named BOOTMGR on either the system or the boot partition), accesses the Boot Configuration Data store and uses the information to load the operating system through winload.exe or winresume.exe on BIOS systems, and winload.efi and winresume.efi on UEFI systems.
Société des Acadiens et Acadiennes du Nouveau-Brunswick Inc v Canada
Société des Acadiens et Acadiennes du Nouveau-Brunswick Inc v Canada,  2008 SCC 15 is a Canadian constitutional law case, dealing with the language standards imposed by section 20(2) of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms on the Royal Canadian Mounted Police pursuant to their duties as New Brunswick's police force.

Section 20 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms
Section 20 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms is one of the sections of the Constitution of Canada dealing with Canada's two official languages, English and French.  Along with section 16, section 20 is one of the few sections under the title "Official Languages of Canada" that guarantees bilingualism outside Parliament, legislatures and courts.  This also makes it more extensive than language rights in the Constitution Act, 1867.  Section 20's specific function is to establish a right to English and French services from the governments of Canada and New Brunswick.
HD 160342
HD 160342 is a star in the southern constellation of Ara. HD 160342 is its Henry Draper Catalogue designation.  It has an apparent visual magnitude of 6.35, making it very faintly visible to the naked eye under ideal observing conditions.  Based upon parallax measurements, is approximately 960 light-years (293 parsecs) distant from Earth.

In 1971, P. M. Corben announced that HD 160342 is a variable star, a discovery made using a telescope equipped with a photoelectric photometer at the Royal Observatory in South Africa. It was given its variable star designation, V626 Arae, in 1973.

With a stellar classification of M3 III, this is an evolved red giant that is on the asymptotic giant branch.  It is a variable star that is classified as irregular, although changes in brightness of 0.1127 magnitudes at the rate of 0.37943 cycles per day (once every 2.6 days) have been detected in Hipparcos photometry.

Asymptotic giant branch
The asymptotic giant branch (AGB) is a region of the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram populated by evolved cool luminous stars. This is a period of stellar evolution undertaken by all low- to intermediate-mass stars (about 0.5 to 8 solar masses) late in their lives.

Observationally, an asymptotic-giant-branch star will appear as a bright red giant with a luminosity ranging up to thousands of times greater than the Sun. Its interior structure is characterized by a central and largely inert core of carbon and oxygen, a shell where helium is undergoing fusion to form carbon (known as helium burning), another shell where hydrogen is undergoing fusion forming helium (known as hydrogen burning), and a very large envelope of material of composition similar to main-sequence stars (except in the case of carbon stars).
Johor Darul Ta'zim II F.C.
Johor Darul Ta'zim Football Club II (/dʒəˈhɔːr/; Malay: Kelab Bolasepak Johor Darul Ta'zim II) or simply JDT II is a feeder club for Johor Darul Ta'zim. The club plays in Malaysia A1 Semi-Pro League from 2025–26, the second tier of the Malaysian football league system.

Malaysia A1 Semi-Pro League
The Malaysia A1 Semi-Pro League (Malay: Liga A1 Semi-Pro Malaysia, previously known as the Malaysia M3 League and the MBSB Bank Championship due to sponsorship reasons) is the second level football league of the Malaysian football league system. It was created as the Malaysian Football League's reform of the domestic structure and replacement of the Malaysia FAM League.
Cour d'assises
In France, a cour d'assises, or Court of Assizes or Assize Court, is a criminal trial court with original and appellate limited jurisdiction to hear cases involving defendants accused of felonies, meaning crimes as defined in French law. It is the only French court that uses a jury trial.

Trial court
A trial court or court of first instance is a court having original jurisdiction, in which trials take place. Appeals from the decisions of trial courts are usually heard by higher courts with the power of appellate review (appellate courts). Most appellate courts do not have the authority to hear testimony or take evidence, but instead rule solely on matters of law.

In the trial court, evidence and testimony are admitted under the rules of evidence established by applicable procedural law and determinations called findings of fact are made based on the evidence. The court, presided over by one or more judges, makes findings of law based upon the applicable law. In most common law jurisdictions, the trial court often sits with a jury and one judge; in such jury trials, the jury acts as trier of fact. In some cases, the judge or judges act as triers of both fact and law, by either statute, custom, or agreement of the parties; this is referred to as a bench trial.
Progress M-45
Progress M-45 (Russian: Прогресс М-45), identified by NASA as Progress 5P, was a Progress spacecraft used to resupply the International Space Station. It was a Progress-M 11F615A55 spacecraft, with the serial number 245.

Serial number
A serial number (SN) is a unique identifier used to uniquely identify an item, and is usually assigned incrementally or sequentially.

Despite being called serial "numbers", they do not need to be strictly numerical and may contain letters and other typographical symbols, or may consist entirely of a character string.
Ole Martin Høystad
Ole Martin Høystad (born 1947) is a Norwegian convicted Soviet spy who became known for his role in the Soviet infiltration of the Norwegian embassy in Moscow, where he worked as a guard. He was arrested in 1972 and convicted of treason and espionage by Eidsivating Court of Appeal the following year. The Høystad case received significant media coverage in the 1970s and was one of three major espionage cases in Norway in the last two decades of the Cold War, preceding the Haavik case and the Treholt case. The verdict said Høystad had "grossly violated the duties and loyalty he owed his country, with consequences that in a given situation could have been catastrophic." While serving his 7-year sentence, he graduated in literature, and upon release from prison he became a lecturer at Telemark University College (now the University of South-Eastern Norway), where he later was promoted to professor in cultural studies.

Eidsivating Court of Appeal
The Eidsivating Court of Appeal (Norwegian: Eidsivating lagmannsrett) is one of six courts of appeal in the Kingdom of Norway. The Court is located in the city of Hamar, with jurisdiction over the Eidsivating judicial district (Norwegian: Eidsivating lagdømme), comprising the counties of Innlandet, Østfold, and most of Akershus (except for Lunner Municipality and Jevnaker Municipality). It can rule on both civil and criminal cases that are appealed from one of its subordinate district courts. Court decisions can, with limitations, be appealed to the Supreme Court of Norway. The chief judicial officer of the court (Norwegian: førstelagmann) is Nina Sollie.  The court is administered by the Norwegian National Courts Administration.
Quercus steenisii
Quercus steenisii is a species of oak. It is a tree native to northern Sumatra.

Quercus steenisii is native to montane rain forests from 2,000 to 3,350 metres elevation. It is known from only two or three sites. The species' estimated extent of occurrence (EOO) is 1,123 km2, and its area of occupancy (AOO) is 12 km2. Its population is not well understood, and is presumed to be declining. It is threatened with habitat loss from land conversion and logging in its native range.

Sumatran montane rain forests
The Sumatran montane rain forests ecoregion (WWF ID: IM0159) covers the mountainous elevations (greater than 1,000 meters) of the Barisan Mountains Range that runs the length of the southwestern side of the island of Sumatra in Indonesia.  The ecoregion is almost completely surrounded by the lower elevation Sumatran lowland rain forests.  The area is one of very high biodiversity - because of the relative isolation, and variety of forest types, there are 7 endemic species of mammals and eight endemic species of birds.
Bremelanotide
Bremelanotide, sold under the brand name Vyleesi, is a medication used to treat low sexual desire in women. Specifically it is used for low sexual desire which occurs before menopause and is not due to medical problems, psychiatric problems, or problems within the relationship. It is given by an injection just under the skin of the thigh or abdomen.

Common side effects include nausea, pain at the site of injection, and headache. It may also cause a temporary increase in blood pressure and decrease in heart rate after each dose, and darkening of the gums, face, and breasts. The medication is a peptide and acts by activating the melanocortin receptors.

Bremelanotide was approved for medical use in the United States in 2019. It was developed by Palatin Technologies. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) considers it to be a first-in-class medication.

First-in-class medication
A first-in-class medication is a prototype drug that uses a "new and unique mechanism of action" to treat a particular medical condition. While the Food and Drug Administration's Center for Drug Evaluation and Research tracks first-in-class medications and reports on them annually, first-in-class is not considered a regulatory category. Although many first-in-class medications qualify as breakthrough therapies, Regenerative Medicine Advanced Therapies and/or orphan drugs, first-in-class status itself has no regulatory effect.
Beeda Masthan Rao
Beedha Masthan Rao Yadav is an Indian politician and businessman from Andhra Pradesh. He was Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Kavali constituency. He was elected to the Rajya Sabha in 2022.

Kavali Assembly constituency
Kavali Assembly constituency is a constituency in Nellore district of Andhra Pradesh that elects representatives to the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly in India. It is one of the seven assembly segments of Nellore Lok Sabha constituency.

Dagumati Venkata Krishna Reddy is the current MLA of the constituency, having won the 2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election from Telugu Desam Party. As of 2019, there are a total of 229,896 electors in the constituency.
2019 Copa Libertadores Femenina
The 2019 Copa CONMEBOL Libertadores Femenina was the 11th edition of the CONMEBOL Libertadores Femenina (also referred to as the Copa Libertadores Femenina), South America's premier women's club football tournament organized by CONMEBOL. The tournament was held in Quito, Ecuador from 11 to 28 October 2019.

The final originally scheduled for 27 October 2019 was rescheduled to 28 October 2019 due to a series of protests and riots in Ecuador. The final was played between the Brazilian teams Corinthians and Ferroviária, being the first final played between teams from the same country. Corinthians defeated Ferroviária 2–0 to win their second tournament title.

Atlético Huila, the defending champions, were eliminated in the quarter-finals by Ferroviária.

During the tournament, Mariana Larroquette (UAI Urquiza) scored against Municipal de Majes (64th minute, Group D) the 1000th goal of Copa Libertadores Femenina history.

UTC−05:00
UTC−05:00 is an identifier for a time offset from UTC of −05:00. 
In North America, it is observed in the Eastern Time Zone during standard time, and in the Central Time Zone during the other eight months (see Daylight saving time). The western Caribbean uses it year round.
Henry Millin
Henry A. Millin (March 17, 1923 – February 4, 2004) was a United States Virgin Islander banker and politician. Millin served as the fourth lieutenant governor of the United States Virgin Islands from 1978 until 1983.

Saint Croix
Saint Croix (/krɔɪ/ KROY; Spanish: Santa Cruz; Dutch: Sint-Kruis; French: Sainte-Croix; Danish and Norwegian: Sankt Croix; Taino: Ay Ay) is an island in the Caribbean, and a county and constituent district of the United States Virgin Islands (USVI), an unincorporated territory of the United States.

St. Croix is the largest of the territory's islands. As of the 2020 U.S. census, its population was 41,004. The island's highest point is Mount Eagle, at 355 meters (1,165 ft). St. Croix's nickname is "Twin City", for its two towns, Frederiksted on the western end and Christiansted on the northeast part of the island.
Real Audiencia y Chancillería de Valladolid
The Royal Audiencia and Chancellería of Valladolid was a judicial body established by Henry II of Castile in 1371, with jurisdiction over the entire territory of the Crown of Castile, except for the characteristics of the Hall of Justice (also called Mil y Quinientas) of the Council of Castile. The building was originally called El Palacio de los Vivero.

It was based in the city of Valladolid and operated for much of the Middle Ages and throughout the Early Modern Ages as the highest court of law in the kingdom, and was suppressed in 1834 as a result of liberal reforms.

In 1494, it lost part of its jurisdiction to the newly created Real Audiencia y Chancillería de Ciudad Real, which was itself soon transferred to Granada, with the creation of the Real Chancillería de Granada in 1505.

Court
A court is an institution, often a government entity, with the authority to adjudicate legal disputes between parties  and administer justice in civil, criminal, and administrative matters in accordance with the rule of law.

Courts generally consist of judges or other judicial officers, and are usually established and dissolved through legislation enacted by a legislature. Courts may also be established by constitution or an equivalent constituting instrument.

The practical authority given to the court is known as its jurisdiction, which describes the court's power to decide certain kinds of questions, or petitions put to it. There are various kinds of courts, including trial courts, appellate courts, administrative courts, international courts, and tribunals.
Jerry King (musician)
Jerry King (born 1956) is a Wisconsin-based composer and multi-instrumentalist primarily known for his guitar and bass work with progressive rock band Cloud Over Jupiter, which he founded. He also was invited to join Moon Men and later formed Moon X with Dave Newhouse of the American band the Muffins following the departure from Moon Men of Drummer Bill Jungwirth and composer Bret H Hart;  King and Newhouse both continue to record together as Moon X, with Dave’s son George Newhouse on drums.

He has collaborated with many other well-known artists including writer John Shirley; drummers Ric Parnell, Pete Thompson; guitarists Richie Castellano, Pete Prown, Ron Anderson; and is an active session musician.

Ron Anderson (musician)
Ron Anderson (born 1959) is a New York City-based internationally known musician and composer. He is known for collaborations with many famous musicians, and has a large catalog of releases and compositions.
Programme for Belize
The Programme for Belize is a private initiative, established in 1988 by Ben Campbell and Arnold Brown. Massachusetts Audubon Society generously provided financial support and management guidance to identify boundaries of the property, successfully maneuver governmental requirements, and effect the purchase of over 300,000 acres of tropical forest in Belize.  Loans were given to PfB by The Nature Conservancy. The World Land Trust helped Pfb raise funds to reduce the debt.  Many other eco-driven organizations have helped raise funds to maintain and protect the property.

The current executive director of Programme for Belize is Edilberto Romero.

The Nature Conservancy
The Nature Conservancy (TNC) is a global environmental organization headquartered in Arlington, Virginia, United States. As of 2021, it works via affiliates or branches in 79 countries and territories, as well as across every state in the US.

Founded in 1951, The Nature Conservancy has over one million members globally as of 2021 and has protected more than 119 million acres (48 million ha) of land in its history. As of 2014, it is the largest environmental non-profit organization by assets and revenue in the Americas.
Daniela Terranova
Daniela Terranova (born in Udine, Italy) is an Italian composer working in the area of concert music, opera and extended sonic environments. She studied composition with Azio Corghi and Beat Furrer at the University of Music and Performing Arts Graz. Her music is published by Suvini Zerboni (Milan).

Azio Corghi
Azio Corghi (9 March 1937 – 17 November 2022) was an Italian composer, academic teacher and musicologist. He composed mostly operas and chamber music. His operas are often based on literature, especially in collaboration with José Saramago as librettist. His first opera, Gargantua, was premiered at the Teatro Regio in Turin in 1984, his second opera, Blimunda, was first performed at La Scala in Milan in the 1989/90 season, and his third opera, Divara – aqua e sangue, was premiered in 1993 at the Theater Münster, Germany. He taught composition at the Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia in Rome, among other academies. In 2005, he was awarded the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic.
George Alderink
George Alderink (May 9, 1889 – August 5, 1977) was an American businessman and politician.

Alderink was born in Michigan. He went to Holland Business College and to Northland College. Alderink lived in Pease, Mille Lacs County, Minnesota with his wife and family and was a merchant. Alderink serves as the mayor of Pease, as the Peace village treasurer, and the Pease postmaster. He also served on the Pease Village Council and on the Pease School Board. Alderink served in the Minnesota House of Representatives from 1955 to 1958.

Northland College (Wisconsin)
Northland College was a private college in Ashland, Wisconsin, United States. As of its closure, it enrolled over 200 full-time undergraduates and employed 60 faculty members and 99 staff members. Northland College was accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.

In February 2025, the college announced that it would close after the 2024–25 school year.
Natasha Boas
Natasha Boas is a French-American contemporary art curator, writer, and critic. She has taught art history and curatorial studies at Yale, Stanford, and the San Francisco Art Institute. Her exhibition on the Modernist Algerian artist, Baya Mahieddine Baya: Woman of Algiers in 2018 at the Grey Art Gallery at New York University garnered her international critical attention. In 2017 she was featured in Lynn Hershman Leeson's Vertighost, playing the role of herself as an art historian. She also authored the Facebook Artist in Residence book on the recent history of Art and Technology in the Bay Area for the 5th anniversary of Facebook's artist-in-residency program. An adjunct professor at the California College of the Arts, she is an expert in the art of California countercultures, the modernist avant-garde, surrealist women artists, the Mission School and Outsider artists.

Lynn Hershman Leeson
Lynn Hershman Leeson (née Lynn Lester Hershman; born June 17, 1941) is an American multimedia artist and filmmaker. Her work with technology and in media-based practices is credited with helping to legitimize digital art forms.  Her interests include feminism, race, surveillance, and artificial intelligence and identity theft through algorithms and data tracking.

Hershman Leeson has been described as a "new media pioneer" for her integration of emerging technologies into her work and is one of five artists that art historian Patrick Frank examines in his 2024 book Art of the 1980s: As If the Digital Mattered.
Samsung YEPP
Yepp was Samsung Electronics' digital audio player brand until Samsung decided to retire most of their family brands in February 2011. From then on, their MP3 players were simply branded "Samsung" worldwide until they discontinued all of them in late 2013. The brand included a wide range of hard-drive based as well as flash-memory based players. The name is claimed to be an acronym for "young, energetic, passionate person".

Sound Retrieval System
Sound Retrieval System (SRS) is a patented psychoacoustic 3D audio processing technology originally invented by Arnold Klayman in the early 1980s. The SRS technology applies head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) to create an immersive 3D soundfield using only two speakers, widening the "sweet spot", creating a more spacious sense of ambience, and producing strong localization cues for discrete instruments within an audio mix. SRS is not a Dolby matrix surround decoder but works with normal stereo recordings.
Mind Your Manners (Chiddy Bang song)
"Mind Your Manners" is a song by American indie hip hop duo Chiddy Bang, featuring Swedish synth-pop duo Icona Pop. It was released in the United States on July 19, 2011 as a digital download as the lead single from their debut studio album Breakfast. The song takes a sample of "Manners" from the Icona Pop's self-titled debut album. The song did not enter the Billboard Hot 100 but peaked on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart at number 15, as well as reaching number 19 on the Top Heatseekers. The official remix features Gym Class Heroes frontman and rapper Travie McCoy. The single is featured in the soundtrack for the EA Sports video game Madden NFL 12.

Icona Pop
Icona Pop (English: /aɪˈkɒnə ˈpɒp/ eye-KON-ə POP) are a Swedish synth-pop duo that formed in 2009, with electro house and indie pop music influences. Its two members, Aino Jawo (born 7 July 1986) and Caroline Hjelt (born 8 November 1987), grew up in Stockholm and created what the Swedish press has described as music which "you can both laugh and cry to at the same time". They signed to TEN Music Group in 2009 and are currently also in a label deal with Ultra Music. Their biggest hit to date has been "I Love It".
Valcho Stoev
Valcho Stoev Khristov (Bulgarian: Вълчо Стоев Христов; born 20 January 1952 in Ovcharovo, Haskovo Province) is a Bulgarian former shot putter who competed in the 1980 Summer Olympics.

He was a gold medallist at the 1975 European Athletics Indoor Championships and the 1977 Universiade. He also won a bronze medal at the 1975 Universiade and was a finalist at the European Athletics Championships in 1974 and 1978, finishing ninth both times. He was a six-time champion at the Balkan Games between 1973 and 1980.

Before taking his European indoor title, he had finished sixth in 1975 and fourth in 1976. He finished his career with a personal best of 20.72 m (67 ft 11+1⁄2 in) He was a four-time national champion indoors and a five-time champion outdoors (mostly finishing behind Nikolai Khristov).

Balkan Athletics Championships
The Balkan Athletics Championships or Balkan Games (Greek: Βαλκανικοί Αγώνες) is a regional athletics competition held between nations from the Balkans as well as other associated states, and organized by the Association of the Balkan Athletics Federations. The first games were held in Athens in 1929, and the most recent were being held in İzmir in 2024.