hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mikail (son of Seljuk)
Mikail was a Turkic chieftain who lived in the 10th century and early 11th century.

His father was Seljuk who is known as the founder of the Seljuk dynasty. Although his grandsons would be sultans after his death, Seljuk was only a leader of a tribe named Kınık which was a part of a loosely formed Oghuz Turk confederation (see Oghuz Yabgu State).

Mikail was one of the sons of Seljuk Beg. Just like other Oghuz people Seljuk and his sons were initially non Muslim. But after conversion, they began fighting against non Muslims. Mikail was killed in one of these battles. Although his exact death date is uncertain, it must be in the early 11th century (perhaps 1009).

Mikail Beg had two sons: Chagri (989–1060) and Tughril (990–1063). The Seljuk Empire was founded by them. Chagri is the ancestor of all later Seljuk sultans (except those in Seljuks of Rum).

Oghuz Yabgu State
The Oghuz Yabgu State or  Oghuz ili (Old Turkic: Oghuz Land) was a Turkic state, founded by Oghuz Turks in 750, located geographically in an area between the coasts of the Caspian and Aral Seas. Oghuz tribes occupied a vast territory in Kazakhstan along the Irgiz, Yaik, Emba, and Uil rivers, the Aral Sea area, the Syr Darya valley, the foothills of the Karatau Mountains in Tien-Shan, and the Chui River valley (see map). The Oghuz political association developed in the 9th and 10th centuries in the basin of the middle and lower course of the Syr Darya and adjoining the modern western Kazakhstan steppes.
The Rough Guide to Acoustic Africa
The Rough Guide To Acoustic Africa is a world music compilation album originally released in 2013 featuring acoustic music spanning Sub-Saharan Africa. Part of the World Music Network Rough Guides series, the album contains two discs: an overview of the genre on Disc One, and a "bonus" Disc Two highlighting griot Noumoucounda Cissoko. Disc One features artists hailing from Niger, Madagascar, the DRC, South Africa, Lesotho, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Ghana, Cameroon, Mali, South Sudan, Sudan, Senegal, and Guinea. All but three tracks are guitar-based. The extensive liner notes were written by Daniel Rosenberg, and Phil Stanton, co-founder of the World Music Network, produced the album.

Music of Zimbabwe
Zimbabwean music is heavily reliant on the use of instruments such as the mbira, Ngoma drums and hosho.  Their music symbolizes much more than a simple rhythm, as the folk and pop style styled music was used as a symbol of hope for Zimbabweans looking to gain independence from Rhodesia. Music has played a significant role in the history of Zimbabwe, from a vital role in the traditional Bira ceremony used to call on ancestral spirits, to protest songs during the struggle for independence. The community in Zimbabwe used music to voice their resistance to their oppression, as one of the only weapons they had available to fight back with. In the 1980s, the Music of Zimbabwe was at the centre of the African Music scene thanks to genres such as Sungura and Jit. However, several performers were banned by state TV and radio leading to the closure of several music venues.
Walid Ghauri
Walid Ghauri (born 12 May 1993) is a Norwegian cricketer who plays for the national team. In May 2019, he was named in Norway's squad for the Regional Finals of the 2018–19 ICC T20 World Cup Europe Qualifier tournament in Guernsey. He made his Twenty20 International (T20I) debut against Italy on 15 June 2019, and was named the man of the match, for his 35-ball unbeaten innings of 44 runs.

Italy national cricket team
The Italy men's national cricket team is the team that represents Italy in men's international cricket. They have been an associate member of the International Cricket Council since 1995, having previously been an affiliate member since 1984. The Italy national cricket team is administered by the Italian Cricket Federation.
Yaşar Karadağ
Yaşar Karadağ (born 10 April 1976) is a Turkish educator and politician of Azeri origin, who won a seat in the Turkish parliament in 2018 with the right-wing Nationalist Movement Party. Karadağ was voted into the top three best politicians from Eastern Anatolia. He lost his re-election bid.

2018 Turkish general election
General elections were held in Turkey on 24 June 2018. Presidential elections were held to elect the President of Turkey using a two-round system. Parliamentary elections took place to elect 600 Members of Parliament to the Grand National Assembly of Turkey.

The elections had originally been scheduled for 3 November 2019, until the Erdoğan government called for early elections on 18 April 2018.
Leck Fischer
Otto Peter Leck Fischer (March 26, 1904 – June 17, 1956) was a Danish writer and playwright. He was the brother of the politician Viggo Kampmann. Fischer was a socially conscious writer that portrayed the modern urban man with a sad, gray everyday life. His literary style was cool and matter-of-fact. Fischer was read and appreciated in his day, but he has since been forgotten (except in literary-history circles), perhaps because he was so closely associated with the time in which he lived and which he portrayed. Fischer made a name for himself in many genres: novels, films, and radio drama. He is buried at Mariebjerg Cemetery in Gentofte.

Leck Fischer's plays are held in the theater collection at the Royal Library.

Gentofte
Gentofte (Danish pronunciation: [ˈkentsʰʌftə]) is a district of Gentofte Municipality in the northern suburbs of Copenhagen, Denmark. Major landmarks include Gentofte Town Hall, Gentofte Hospital and Gentofte Church. Gentofte Lake with surrounding parkland and nature reserves form the most important greenspace.
Karolina Michalczuk
Karolina Anna Michalczuk (born 6 December 1979) is a world champion boxer, and twice European champion. She was born in Brzezice, a village in eastern Poland. Her club is Paco Lublin.

She represented Poland in the 2012 Summer Olympics taking place in London in the flyweight division. She lost in the Round of 16 to India's Mary Kom 14-19.

Boxing at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Women's flyweight
The women's flyweight boxing competition at the 2012 Olympic Games in London was held from 5 to 9 August at the ExCeL Exhibition Centre.

For the first time at an Olympic Games, the 10 men's boxing events was joined by three women's events: flyweight, middleweight, and lightweight.

Nicola Adams from Great Britain won the gold medal — the first Olympic gold ever awarded in women's boxing. Adams beat China's Ren Cancan by 16 points to seven in the final.
Grimes Point
Grimes Point, in Churchill County, Nevada near Fallon, is a 720-acre (290 ha) archeological site that was listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places in 1972.  It was listed for its potential to yield future information.

Along the 'Grimes Point Trail', many petroglyphs can be seen. The land is managed by the Bureau of Land Management.

Lake Lahontan
Lake Lahontan was a large endorheic prehistoric lake during the Pleistocene that occupied modern northwestern Nevada and extended into northeastern California and southern Oregon. The area of the former lake is a large portion of the Great Basin that borders the Sacramento River watershed to the west.

The lake was named by Clarence King during the Geological Exploration of the Fortieth Parallel. The name honors Louis-Armand de Lom d'Arce de Lahontan, Baron de Lahontan, a French soldier and explorer.
Argus Mountain
Argus Mountain is a mountain on Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada, located 32 km (20 mi) southwest of Courtenay and 1 km (1 mi) north of The Red Pillar.

Argus Mountain is a member of the Vancouver Island Ranges which in turn form part of the Insular Mountains.

Courtenay, British Columbia
Courtenay (/ˈkɔːrtni/ KORT-nee) is a city of 28,420 on the east coast of Vancouver Island, in the Canadian province of British Columbia. It is the largest community and only city in the area commonly known as the Comox Valley. Courtenay is the seat of the Comox Valley Regional District; this district replaced the Comox-Strathcona Regional District. Courtenay is 4 km (2.5 mi) west of the town of Comox, 7 km (4.3 mi) northeast of the village of Cumberland, 5 km (3.1 mi) northwest of the unincorporated settlement of Royston, and 108 km (67 mi) northwest of Nanaimo.

It was named after the nearby river, Courtenay River, which in turn had been named for Rear-Admiral Courtenay.

Courtenay and nearby Comox are served by the coast-spanning Island Highway, the Island Rail Corridor, and a local airport in Comox.
ISO 3166-2:QA
ISO 3166-2:QA is the entry for Qatar in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.

Currently for Qatar, ISO 3166-2 codes are defined for eight municipalities.

Each code consists of two parts separated by a hyphen. The first part is QA, the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code of Qatar. The second part is two letters.

Standardization
Standardization (American English) or standardisation (British English) is the process of implementing and developing technical standards based on the consensus of different parties that include firms, users, interest groups, standards organizations and governments. Standardization can help maximize compatibility, interoperability, safety, repeatability, efficiency, and quality. It can also facilitate a normalization of formerly custom processes.

In social sciences, including economics, the idea of standardization is close to the solution for a coordination problem, a situation in which all parties can realize mutual gains, but only by making mutually consistent decisions. Divergent national standards impose costs on consumers and can be a form of non-tariff trade barrier.
The Black & White Album
The Black & White Album is the eighth solo album from American singer-songwriter and violinist Imani Coppola.  It was released on the Mike Patton-owned Ipecac Recordings in 2007, her first for the label. The album included the singles "Woke Up White", "Springtime", and "I Love Your Hair." Only one video ("Woke Up White") was released.   Although Coppola had previously self-released several albums, The Black & White Album was only her third to be released by a record label – following her debut album, Chupacabra, from a decade earlier.

Rahzel
Rozell Manely Brown (born October 6, 1964) is an American beatboxer and rapper, formerly a member of the Roots.

Rahzel is known for an ability to sing or rap while simultaneously beatboxing, as evidenced in his performances of "Iron Man" and his signature song "If Your Mother Only Knew", a hidden track on Make the Music 2000. His talents are showcased in various solo projects as well as on Ben Harper's 2000 single "Steal My Kisses." He also provided his own voice on video games SSX and SSX Tricky, as well as the EA Sports BIG logo from 2000 to 2008. Rahzel was featured on the album True Love by Toots and the Maytals, which won the Grammy Award in 2004 for Best Reggae Album, and showcased many notable musicians.
Nestor Dmytriw
Nestor Dmytriw (1863 – May 27, 1925) was a Ukrainian Catholic priest, author, and translator. Dmytriw was born in Utishkiv, Russian Empire (now Ukraine). Shortly after his ordination by Metropolitan bishop Sylvester Sembratovych in 1894, he came to the United States in 1895 and settled in Mount Carmel, Pennsylvania.  In the US, he quickly became involved with missionary work and journalism through the Jersey City, New Jersey, paper Svoboda.

Mount Carmel, Pennsylvania
Mount Carmel is a borough in Northumberland County, located in the Coal Heritage Region of Central Pennsylvania's Susquehanna River Valley,  United States.  The population was 5,725 at the 2020 census.  It is located 88 miles (141 km) northwest of Philadelphia and 71 miles (114 km) northeast of Harrisburg, in the Coal Region. It is completely encircled by Mount Carmel Township.
Forth & Clyde Hotel
The Forth & Clyde Hotel is a former pub located in Balmain, a suburb in the inner west region of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. The former pub was one of a number of buildings which formed an integral part of the shipbuilding and industrial heritage of the local area.

The pub featured as a film location for the cult motorcycle bikie movie Stone (1974). The building has been occupied by various businesses since it closed in 1972 and has extensive water views onto Mort Bay. Recently, it has been used for private housing.

The original Forth & Clyde Hotel was located in Sydney, on the corner of George and Jamison Streets. That pub was taken over by E. Helden, a former ship's captain, in 1856, who then moved it to Balmain. In 1859 Helden sold up the furniture and retired from the business.

An early publican of the hotel was Edward McDonald.

Inner West
The Inner West of Sydney is an area directly west of the Sydney central business district, New South Wales, Australia.  The suburbs that make up the Inner West are predominantly located along the southern shore of Port Jackson (Parramatta River), stretching south to the shores of the Cooks River. The western boundary of the Inner West is approximately the A3 arterial road (Homebush Bay Drive / Centenary Drive), which divides the Inner West from the Greater Western Sydney region. The Inner West is much larger than the Inner West Council local government area. The Inner West roughly corresponds with the Parish of Petersham and Parish of Concord, two cadastral divisions used for land titles.
Anette Grecchi Gray
Anette Grecchi Gray is a chef, most recently the Chef de Cuisine of Jiko in Florida.

Gray was born in Lucerne, Switzerland.  She learned her cooking skills as an apprentice at the Hotel de la Balance in Les Breuleux, Switzerland.

She joined the Walt Disney Company in 1992 as Chef de Cuisine at the Inventions Restaurant in the Disneyland Hotel at the Disneyland Resort Paris.  She later moved to Florida where she has been a chef at several restaurants before moving into her current position.

She is a member of American Women Chefs and Restaurateurs.  In 1996, she was voted Chef of the Year by the Orlando Restaurant Forum.

She left her position at Jiko in 2007 to take a position with Carlson Cos., owner of T.G.I.Friday's and other brands. There has been no official word on who will replace her.

Disney's Animal Kingdom Lodge
28°21′13″N 81°36′10″W﻿ / ﻿28.353637°N 81.602756°W﻿ / 28.353637; -81.602756

Disney's Animal Kingdom Lodge is an African-themed deluxe resort at the Walt Disney World Resort in Bay Lake, Florida. It opened on April 16, 2001. The resort is owned and operated by Disney Experiences.

Disney's Animal Kingdom Lodge is located in the Animal Kingdom Resort Area, adjacent to Disney's Animal Kingdom. It gives guests the opportunity to view grazing wildlife outside their rooms and public areas in the resort within proximity of the animals, conveying the feeling of being in an African savanna.
Najlah Feanny
'Najlah Feanny (1961), or Najlah Feanny Hicks (born in Kingston, Jamaica) is an American photojournalist and former Newsweek Magazine contributor. Feanny covered politics, the American landscape, breaking news, feature stories, as well as documented stories in dozens of countries around the world. Feanny's images are represented by Corbis Images. She has set up projects and organizations to help vulnerable young people: the Heart Gallery of New Jersey, Do1Thing, and Design for Social GOOD.

Liberty Science Center
Liberty Science Center (LSC) is an interactive science museum and learning center located in Liberty State Park in Jersey City, New Jersey, United States. At its opening, it was the largest such planetarium in the Western Hemisphere and the world's fourth largest.

The center, which opened in 1993 as New Jersey's first major state science museum, has science exhibits, numerous educational resources, and the original Hoberman sphere, a silver, computer-driven engineering artwork designed by Chuck Hoberman.
Tobacco Road Basketball League
The Tobacco Road Basketball League (TRBL) was a professional men's basketball minor league in the United States that began play in April 2012. The league is centered in the Carolinas.

In November 2014 the TRBL entered into an affiliation agreement with the Premier Basketball League (PBL).

Carolinas
The Carolinas (informally Carolina) are the U.S. states of North Carolina and South Carolina considered together as a historical or cultural entity. They are bordered by Virginia to the north, Tennessee to the west, and Georgia to the southwest. The Atlantic Ocean is to the east and south.

The Carolinas originally formed the British Province of Carolina during America's early colonial period, from 1663 until they were declared two separate royal colonies in 1729. The land had previously been a part of the Colony and Dominion of Virginia, from 1609 to 1663. The province was named Carolina to honor King Charles I of England. Carolina is a feminine form of the Latin word Carolus, meaning "Charles".

The Carolinas have a total of 15,557,813 residents. The largest city of the Carolinas (ranked by land area and population) is Charlotte, North Carolina.
Saray, Tekirdağ
Saray is a municipality and district of Tekirdağ Province, Turkey. Its area is 620 km2, and its population is 50,766 (2022). Its elevation is 140 m (460 ft). The district has cold wet winters and hot dry summers. The district governor (kaymakam) is Regaip Ahmet Özyiğit, and the mayor is Abdül Taşyasan (CHP).

Saray is situated on the junction of state roads D.020 and D.567. It is neighboured in the north by Vize, in the east by Çatalca, in the south by Kapaklı and in the west by Ergene.

State road D.020 (Turkey)
D.020 is a west-to-east state road in Turkey running both in  Europe and Asia. It starts in Edirne East at the State road D.100 junction near İskender village, and ends in Adapazarı with interruption on the Istanbul Strait. The European part ends in Hasdal at Otoyol 2, and begins again in the Asian part in Sultanbeyli.
George Chalkley
George Alfred Arthur Chalkley (29 May 1883 – 7 January 1963) was an English footballer who played as a centre-half for West Ham United.

Born in Plaistow, George, was the brother of West Ham full-back Alf and Dartford left-back Charlie. He played for Custom House before joining West Ham United in 1908. He played seven Southern League games for the east London club during the 1908–09 season, the first a 1–0 victory at Upton Park against Southampton on 25 December 1908 and the last a 1–0 defeat at Luton Town on 30 January 1909.

Chalkley played for Hastings & St Leonards United for the 1909–10 campaign, the club's final season before they were dissolved.
The following season, he signed for Southend.

Dartford F.C.
Dartford Football Club is a semi-professional association football club based in Dartford, Kent, England.  In the 2024–25 season, the club participates in the Isthmian League Premier Division, the seventh tier of the English football league system.

The club was formed in 1888 by members of the Dartford Working Men's Club. After winning the Isthmian League Division One North in the 2007–08 season and the Isthmian League Premier Division in the 2009–10 season, Dartford were promoted to the Conference Premier in 2012, in which they spent three seasons. The club's best performances in the FA Cup came in 1936 and 1937, when they reached the third round of the competition; they have also reached the final of the FA Trophy once, in 1974.

Home matches are played at the club's environmentally friendly stadium, Princes Park, opened in November 2006.
SME Infocomm Resource Centre
SME Infocomm Resource Centre (SIRC) was a Singaporean government sponsored not-for-profit organisation that aimed to help Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Singapore to advance their use of information and communications technology (ICT).

The vision behind SIRC was for Singapore SMEs to become active users of ICT technologies, and to help them to use the Internet to improve their operations and market their companies at home and abroad. The first SIRC at Singapore Polytechnic was jointly created by Infocomm Development Authority of Singapore and Singapore Polytechnic.

Not-for-profit organization
A not-for-profit organisation (NFPO) is a legal entity that does not distribute surplus funds to its members and is formed to fulfill specific objectives.

While not-for-profit organizations and nonprofit organizations (NPO) are distinct legal entities, the terms are sometimes used interchangeably. An NFPO must be differentiated from a NPO as they are not formed explicitly for the public good as an NPO must be, and NFPOs are considered "recreational organizations", meaning that they do not operate with the goal of generating revenue as opposed to NPOs.
Regalia (album)
Regalia is a live album by Cecil Taylor and Paul Lovens recorded in Berlin on June 26, 1988 as part of month-long series of concerts by Taylor and released on the FMP label.

In his liner notes, Alexander von Schlippenbach wrote: "Among Lovens' most striking qualities is a special sensitivity and flexibility for grasping what's going on as a pre-condition for his extraordinary quick-wittedness and expertise, which he is prepared to use in each and every way. Also in other respects, being so well-equipped, he can just slide into the playing, pushing, in the way he follows Taylor, allowing the pianist, in his turn to catch hold, and make use of what Lovens has diverted from his own (Taylor's) previous offerings."

Cecil Taylor
Cecil Percival Taylor (March 25, 1929 – April 5, 2018) was an American pianist and poet.

Taylor was classically trained and was one of the pioneers of free jazz. His music is characterized by an energetic, physical approach, resulting in complex improvisation often involving tone clusters and intricate polyrhythms. His technique has been compared to percussion. Referring to the number of keys on a standard piano, Val Wilmer used the phrase "eighty-eight tuned drums" to describe Taylor's style. He has been referred to as "Art Tatum with contemporary-classical leanings".
Terri Hemmert
Terri Hemmert (born April 28, 1948) is an American radio personality, musicologist, and instructor at Columbia College Chicago. She is a long-term presence at WXRT-FM in Chicago, Illinois where she became the first female drive time host for a rock music station in the Chicago radio market.  She is known as an expert on The Beatles and hosts the weekly Breakfast with the Beatles program and has been featured speaker at many Beatles conventions worldwide.

Columbia College Chicago
Columbia College Chicago is a private art college in Chicago, Illinois, United States.  Founded in 1890, it has 4,200 students (as of fall 2025) pursuing degrees in more than 40 undergraduate and graduate degree programs.  It is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.

As of July 1, 2025, Shantay N. Bolton is the president and CEO of Columbia College Chicago.

Columbia College Chicago is the host institution of several affiliated educational, cultural, and research organizations, including the Center for Black Music Research, the Center for Book and Paper Arts, the Center for Community Arts Partnerships, the Dance Center of Columbia College Chicago, and the Museum of Contemporary Photography (MoCP).

Columbia College Chicago is not affiliated with Columbia University, Columbia College Hollywood, or any other Columbia College in the United States. However, Columbia College Hollywood was originally founded as a branch campus of Columbia College Chicago from 1952-1957.