hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Calcium stearoyl-2-lactylate
Calcium stearoyl-2-lactylate (calcium stearoyl lactylate or CSL) or E482 is a versatile,  FDA approved food additive.  It is one type of a commercially available lactylate.  CSL is  non-toxic, biodegradable, and typically manufactured using  biorenewable feedstocks.  Because CSL is a safe and highly effective food additive, it is used in a wide variety of products from  baked goods and  desserts to packaging.

As described by the  Food Chemicals Codex 7th edition, CSL is a cream-colored powder.  CSL is currently manufactured by the esterification of stearic acid and lactic acid with partial neutralization using food-grade hydrated lime (calcium hydroxide).  Commercial grade CSL is a mixture of calcium salts of stearoyl lactic acid, with minor proportions of other salts of related acids.  The  HLB for CSL is 5.1.  It is slightly soluble in hot water.  The pH of a 2% aqueous suspension is approximately 4.7.

Raw material
A raw material, also known as a feedstock, unprocessed material, or primary commodity, is a basic material that is used to produce goods, finished goods, energy, or intermediate materials/Intermediate goods that are feedstock for future finished products. As feedstock, the term connotes these materials are bottleneck assets and are required to produce other products.

The term raw material denotes materials in unprocessed or minimally processed states such as raw latex, crude oil, cotton, coal, raw biomass, iron ore, plastic, air, logs, and water. The term secondary raw material denotes waste material which has been recycled and injected back into use as productive material.
Marie (talk show)
Marie is an American talk show television series hosted by musician, actress and film screenwriter Marie Osmond. Debuting on October 1, 2012, it is produced by Associated Television International and aired on Hallmark Channel. The entirety of the first season was shot at Avenue Six Studios in Van Nuys, California.

It was announced on July 3, 2013, that Marie would not return to the Hallmark Channel. The series' distribution company, Associated Television International, is planning to shop the series for broadcast syndication with the return being slated for fall 2014. New episodes continued to air until July 30, 2013. It was later announced on November 25, 2013, that Marie would begin to air on the Reelz channel with the premiere on January 6, 2014. The series is still being shopped for syndication.

Van Nuys
Van Nuys (/væn ˈnaɪz/ ⓘ van NYZE) is a neighborhood in the central San Fernando Valley region of Los Angeles, California, United States. Home to Van Nuys Airport and the Valley Municipal Building, it is the most populous neighborhood in the San Fernando Valley.
Intellifont
Intellifont is a scalable font technology developed by Tom Hawkins at Compugraphic in Wilmington, Massachusetts during the late 1980s, the patent for which was granted to Hawkins in 1987. Intellifont fonts were hinted on a Digital Equipment Corporation VAX mainframe computer using Ikarus software. In 1990, printer and computing system manufacturer Hewlett-Packard adopted Intellifont scaling as part of its PCL 5 printer control protocol, and Intellifont technology was shipped with HP LaserJet III and 4 printers. In 1991, Commodore released AmigaOS 2.04, which included a version of diskfont.library that contained the Bullet font scaling engine (which in Workbench 2.1 became a separate library called bullet.library), with native support for the format. Intellifont technology became part of Agfa-Gevaert's Universal Font Scaling Technology (UFST), which allows OEMs to produce printers capable of printing on either the Adobe systems PostScript or HP PCL language.

Mainframe computer
A mainframe computer, informally called a mainframe, maxicomputer, or big iron, is a computer used primarily by large organizations for critical applications like bulk data processing for tasks such as censuses, industry and consumer statistics, enterprise resource planning, and large-scale transaction processing. A mainframe computer is large but not as large as a supercomputer and has more processing power than some other classes of computers, such as minicomputers, workstations, and personal computers. Most large-scale computer-system architectures were established in the 1960s, but they continue to evolve. Mainframe computers are often used as servers.

The term mainframe was derived from the large cabinet, called a main frame, that housed the central processing unit and main memory of early computers. Later, the term mainframe was used to distinguish high-end commercial computers from less powerful machines.
Voříšek
Voříšek (feminine Voříšková) is a Czech surname. Notable persons with the surname include:

Jan Václav (Hugo) Voříšek (1791–1825), Czech composer

Dick Vorisek (1918–1989), American sound engineer

Petr Voříšek (born 1979), Czech footballer

Ondřej Voříšek (1986–2004), Czech footballer

Tereza Voříšková (born 1989), Czech film and television actress

Jan Václav Voříšek
Jan Václav Hugo Voříšek (Czech pronunciation: [jan ˈvaːtslaf ˈɦuɡo ˈvor̝iːʃɛk]; Johann Hugo Worzischek, 11 May 1791, in Vamberk, Bohemia – 19 November 1825, in Vienna, Austria) was a Czech composer, pianist, and organist.
Beach volleyball at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament
The men's beach volleyball tournament at the 2020 Olympic Games in Tokyo, Japan, took place at the Shiokaze Park. The competition was held from 24 July to 7 August 2021. It was originally scheduled to take place from 25 July to 8 August 2020, but due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the IOC and the Tokyo 2020 Organising Committee announced on 24 March 2020 that the 2020 Summer Olympics would be delayed to 2021. Because of this pandemic, the games were played behind closed doors. Twenty four teams with 48 athletes around the world competed for the gold medal.

Anders Mol and Christian Sørum captured the gold medal after defeating Viacheslav Krasilnikov and Oleg Stoyanovskiy in the final, while Cherif Younousse and Ahmed Tijan took home bronze.

The medals for the competition were presented by Kristin Kloster Aasen, Norway; IOC Member, and the medalists' bouquets were presented by Ary Graça, Brazil; FIVB President.

Oleg Stoyanovskiy
Oleg Vladislavovich Stoyanovskiy (Russian: Олег Владиславович Стояновский, IPA: [ɐˈlʲek stə(j)ɪˈnofskʲɪj]; born 26 September 1996) is a Russian beach volleyball player.

He and Viacheslav Krasilnikov won 2019 Beach Volleyball World Championships in Hamburg, defeating Julius Thole and Clemens Wickler of Germany. Stoyanovskiy also became the youngest world champion, at 22 years, 9 months, and 11 days.
William H. Detrick Gymnasium
William H. Detrick Gymnasium is a 2,654-seat multi-purpose arena in New Britain, Connecticut. It is home to the Central Connecticut State University Blue Devils men's and women's basketball teams and women's volleyball team. In 2005, the arena received a new floor, the first since the facility opened in 1965. The Northeast Conference men's basketball tournament was held there in 1998, 2002, and 2007. The facility is named after Bill Detrick, who was head coach at CCSU for 29 years, compiling a school-record 468 wins.

New Britain, Connecticut
New Britain is a city in Hartford County, Connecticut, United States. It is located approximately 9 miles (14 km) southwest of Hartford. The city is part of the Capitol Planning Region. According to the 2020 Census, the population of the city is 74,135.

Among the southernmost of the communities encompassed within the Hartford-Springfield Knowledge Corridor metropolitan region, New Britain is home to Central Connecticut State University and Charter Oak State College. The city was noted for its industry during the 19th and early 20th centuries, and notable sites listed on the National Register of Historic Places include Walnut Hill Park, developed by the landscape architect Frederick Law Olmsted and Downtown New Britain.

The city's official nickname is the "Hardware City" because of its history as a manufacturing center and as the headquarters of Stanley Black & Decker. Because of its large Polish population, the city is often playfully referred to as "New Britski".
Architype van der Leck
Architype van der Leck is a geometric sans-serif typeface, based upon the 1941 typeface designed by Bart van der Leck for the Dutch magazine Flax, a journal of the De Stijl art movement.

The face is geometrically constructed, and based upon an earlier stencil lettering alphabet van der Leck designed in the early 1930s for use in  branding and advertising Jo de Leeuw's prestigious Dutch department stores Metz & Co. The face shares structural similarities with Theo van Doesburg's 1919 geometric alphabet, and anticipates later typographic explorations of geometric reductionism of Wim Crouwel's 1967 New Alphabet and early digital faces like Zuzana Licko's faces Lo-Res and Emperor 8. The Architype van der Leck typeface is part of a collection of several revivals of early twentieth century typographic experimentation designed by Freda Sack and David Quay of The Foundry.

Freda Sack
Freda Sack (born 23 September 1951, died 13 February 2019) was a British type designer who began her career at Letraset in 1972, joining as a photographic retoucher. Colleagues attest to her skill at cutting letters from rubylith at Letraset where she cut several of the in-house designs and some of her own.  After a freelance period which including consulting for British Airways, and Vauxhall Motors, in 1989 she joined up with previous collaborator David Quay to co-found what, by their own account, may have been the first UK independent type foundry, called The Foundry, in 1989.

Freda Sack was a member of the International Society of Typographic Designers, its co-chair from 1995 to 1999, its chair from 2000 to 2004, and its president from 2006 to 2010. Later, she was made an honorary fellow.
2017 Japan Women's Sevens
The 2017 Japan Women's Sevens is the fourth tournament of the 2016–17 World Rugby Women's Sevens Series and the inaugural edition of the Japan Women's Sevens. It is scheduled for the 22–23 April 2017 at the Honjo Athletic Stadium in Kitakyushu.

Honjo Athletic Stadium
Kitakyushu City Honjo Athletics Stadium (北九州市立本城陸上競技場, Kitakyūshūshiritsu Honjō Rikujōkyōgijō) is a small athletic and multi-purpose stadium (capacity 10,202), opened in 1990 at Honjō Park in Ohiraki, Yahata Nishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka prefecture, Japan.
Encore (Bobby Vinton album)
Encore was Bobby Vinton's thirtieth studio album, released in 1980. "Make Believe It's Your First Time" and "Let Me Love You Goodbye" are two singles from the album. Covers include "He" and "To All the Girls I've Loved Before".

Bobby Vinton
Stanley Robert Vinton (born April 16, 1935) is an American singer and actor, who hosted his own self-titled TV show in the late 1970s. As a teen idol, he became known as "The Polish Prince", as his music paid tribute to his Polish heritage. One of his most popular songs is "Blue Velvet" (a cover of the 1951 song recorded by Tony Bennett) which reached No. 1 on the Billboard Hot 100 in 1963, No. 1 in Canada (5 weeks), and number 2 in the UK in 1990.
John Guinan
John Guinan (born 26 December 1961) is an Irish former Gaelic footballer. His league and championship career with the Offaly senior team spanned ten seasons from 1980 to 1989.

Guinan made his senior debut for Offaly during the 1980–81 league. Over the course of the next ten seasons he won one All-Ireland SFC medal. Guinan also won two Leinster SFC medals. He played his last game for Offaly in November 1989.

1980–81 National Football League (Ireland)
The 1980–81 National Football League was the 50th staging of the National Football League (NFL), an annual Gaelic football tournament for the Gaelic Athletic Association county teams of Ireland.

Galway defeated Roscommon in an all-Connacht final.
Balloons over Waikato
Balloons Over Waikato is an annual hot air balloon festival held in Hamilton, New Zealand since 1999 by the non-profit organisation Balloons over Waikato Trust. The event spans five days during autumn and attracts both local and overseas balloonists. The Festival is held primarily at Innes Common, at Hamilton Lake, which gets an estimated 130,000 visitors during the festival. The highlight of the festival, the "Nightglow" where an estimated 80,000+ people attend to watch the lighting of balloons putting on a spectacular glow to music.

Lake Rotoroa (Hamilton)
Lake Rotoroa or Hamilton Lake (officially Lake Rotoroa / Hamilton Lake) is a lake in Hamilton, Waikato, North Island, New Zealand. It has a surface area of about 54 hectares (133 acres) and an average depth of 2.4 metres (7 ft 10 in).
It is the home of the Hamilton Yacht Club, which holds regular sailing in the summer.
Type 351 Radar
The Type 351 is the Chinese copy of the Russian Reya radar system which came into service in 1960. It is an improved version of earlier Pot Drum (1958) with higher resolutions. Type 351 operates in two pulse bands, the wide one for search, and the narrow one for track, and both in X-band.

It was found primarily in older FACs such as the Hainan.

Type 037 corvette
The Type 037 corvette is a series 400–500 ton corvette type classes in service with the People's Liberation Army Navy. Unlike western navies, the People's Liberation Army Navy does not have dedicated patrol boats in its inventory. Instead, a large variety of corvette type classes, in the form of missile boats and submarine chasers fulfill the tasks of patrolling China's territorial waters. The Egyptian Navy operates eight vessels.
Hate speech laws by country
Hate speech is public speech that expresses hate or encourages violence towards a person or group based on something such as race, religion, sex, or sexual orientation. Hate speech is "usually thought to include communications of animosity or disparagement of an individual or a group on account of a group characteristic such as race, colour, national origin, sex, disability, religion, or sexual orientation".

Violence
Violence is characterized as the use of physical force by humans to cause harm to other living beings, such as pain, injury, disablement, death, damage and destruction. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines violence as "the intentional use of physical force or power, threatened or actual, against oneself, another person, or against a group or community, which either results in or has a high likelihood of resulting in injury, death, psychological harm, maldevelopment, or deprivation"; it recognizes the need to include violence not resulting in injury or death.
Solvent extraction and electrowinning
Solvent extraction and electrowinning (SX/EW) is a two-stage hydrometallurgical process that first extracts and upgrades copper ions from low-grade leach solutions into a solvent containing a chemical that selectively reacts with and binds the copper in the solvent. The copper is extracted from the solvent with strong aqueous acid which then deposits pure copper onto cathodes using an electrolytic procedure (electrowinning).

SX/EW processing is best known for its use by the copper industry, where it accounts for 20% of worldwide production, but the technology is also successfully applied to a wide range of other metals including cobalt, nickel, zinc and uranium.

Cathode
A cathode is the electrode from which a conventional current leaves a polarized electrical device such as a lead–acid battery. This definition can be recalled by using the mnemonic CCD for Cathode Current Departs. Conventional current describes the direction in which positive charges move. Electrons, which are the carriers of current in most electrical systems, have a negative electrical charge, so the movement of electrons is opposite to that of the conventional current flow: this means that electrons flow into the device's cathode from the external circuit. For example, the end of a household battery marked with a + (plus) is the cathode.

The electrode through which conventional current flows the other way, into the device, is termed an anode.
The Diary of Anne Frank (1980 film)
The Diary of Anne Frank is a 1980 American made-for-television biographical drama film which originally aired on NBC on November 17, 1980. Like the 1959 film of the same title, it was written by Frances Goodrich and Albert Hackett and directed by Boris Sagal. Unlike the 1959 film, the TV-film focuses more on character development than suspense, and is considerably shorter than the 1959 version. In this version, Melissa Gilbert plays Anne Frank.

The film received mixed reviews since its premiere.

Albert Hackett
Albert Maurice Hackett (February 16, 1900 – March 16, 1995) was an American actor, dramatist and screenwriter most noted for his collaborations with his partner and wife Frances Goodrich. Their film work includes the first three installments in the Thin Man series, 
It's a Wonderful Life, Easter Parade, Father of the Bride and Seven Brides for Seven Brothers.

Goodrich and Hackett won a Pulitzer Prize for Drama, the New York Drama Critics' Circle award, and a Tony Award for Best Play for their play The Diary of Anne Frank. They received four nominations for the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay.
Erich Pascal Malkemper
Erich Pascal Malkemper (born 24 June 1985) is a German neuroscientist. He studies magnetoreception and animal hearing and he is currently a group leader of the Max Planck Society at the Center of Advanced European Studies and Research (CAESAR) in Bonn, Germany.

Neuroscientist
A neuroscientist (or neurobiologist) is a scientist specializing in neuroscience that deals with the anatomy and function of neurons, neural circuits, and glia, and their behavioral, biological, and psychological roles in health and disease.

Neuroscientists generally work as researchers within a college, university, government agency, or private industry setting. In research-oriented careers, neuroscientists design and conduct scientific experiments on the nervous system and its functions. They can engage in basic or applied research. Basic research seeks to expand current understanding of the nervous system, whereas applied research seeks to address a specific problem, such as developing a treatment for a neurological disorder.

Neuroscientists have numerous career opportunities outside of academic research, including careers in industry, science writing, government program management, science advocacy, and education. A neuroscientist commonly holds a doctorate in a medical science.
Pandlr
Pandlr, also simply known as PAN, was a Brazilian Internet forum focused on discussions about pop culture and the entertainment industry. The forum was particularly popular among the Brazilian LGBTQ community.

Show business
Show business, sometimes shortened to show biz or showbiz (since c. 1945), is a vernacular term for all aspects of the entertainment industry. From the business side (including managers, agents, producers, and distributors), the term applies to the creative element (including artists, performers, writers, musicians, and technicians) and was in common usage throughout the 20th century, though the first known use in print dates from 1850. At that time and for several decades, it typically included the initial definite article the. By the latter part of the century, it had acquired a slightly arcane quality associated with the era of variety, but the term was still in active use. In modern entertainment industry, it is also associated with the fashion industry (creating trend and fashion) and acquiring intellectual property rights from the invested research in the entertainment business.
Alan Klein
Alan Charles Klein (born 29 June 1940) is an English singer-songwriter and musician. He wrote the soundtrack for the stage play and film, What a Crazy World (1963). In 1964, he released his only solo album, Well at Least It's British, that was re-released in 2008 by RPM Records.

Klein was born in Clerkenwell, London. Some of his recordings were made with the record producer, Joe Meek.

In 1966, he went on tour as lead vocalist of The New Vaudeville Band, billed as 'Tristam, Seventh Earl of Cricklewood'. A year earlier, Klein wrote and performed a parody of "Eve of Destruction", with an attack on folk-singers such as Donovan and Bob Dylan, entitled "Age of Corruption".  It used the same melody as P. F. Sloan's song, and was released as a track on Klein's album Well at Least It's British, and as a single.

P. F. Sloan
Philip Gary "Flip" Sloan (né Schlein; September 18, 1945 – November 15, 2015), known professionally as P. F. Sloan, was an American singer and songwriter. During the mid-1960s, he wrote, performed, and produced many Billboard Top 20 hits for artists such as Barry McGuire, the Searchers, Jan and Dean, Herman's Hermits, Johnny Rivers, the Grass Roots, the Turtles, and the Mamas and the Papas.

Sloan's signature song is "Eve of Destruction," a 1965 U.S. number one for McGuire. Many of his songs were written in collaboration with Steve Barri. Their partnership yielded two US Top Ten hits—Herman's Hermits' "A Must to Avoid" (1965) and Johnny Rivers' "Secret Agent Man" (1966)—and the Turtles' "You Baby" (1966).
King Fook Holdings
King Fook Holdings Limited (Chinese: 景福集團有限公司) (SEHK: 280) is a holding company engaging in jewellery retailing and wholesaling operations in Hong Kong. Its businesses cover gold ornaments, jewellery, watch, fashion and gift retailing, bullion trading, securities brokerage and diamond wholesaling.

The company was established in 1949. It was listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange in 1988. Its subsidiary companies include King Fook Gold & Jewellery Company Limited (景福金銀珠寶有限公司), King Fook Jewellery Group Limited (景福珠寶集團有限公司) and King Fook Securities Company Limited (景福證券有限公司).

King Fook Securities Company Limited (founded 1971) ceased its operation on July 31, 2013 due to consistent losses in successive prior financial years.

Broker
A broker is a person or entity that arranges transactions between a buyer and a seller. This may be done for a commission when the deal is executed. A broker who also acts as a seller or as a buyer becomes a principal party to the deal. Neither role should be confused with that of an agent—one who acts on behalf of a principal party in a deal.
Vřesovice (Hodonín District)
Vřesovice is a municipality and village in Hodonín District in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 600 inhabitants.

Vřesovice lies approximately 25 kilometres (16 mi) north of Hodonín, 46 km (29 mi) east of Brno, and 232 km (144 mi) south-east of Prague.

South Moravian Region
The South Moravian Region (Czech: Jihomoravský kraj; German: Südmährische Region, pronounced [zyːtˈmɛːʁɪʃə ʁeˈɡi̯oːn]; Slovak: Juhomoravský kraj), or just South Moravia, is an administrative unit (kraj) of the Czech Republic, located in the south-western part of its historical region of Moravia. The region's capital is Brno, the nation's 2nd largest city. South Moravia is bordered by the South Bohemian Region to the west, Vysočina Region to the north-west, Pardubice Region to the north, Olomouc Region to the north-east, Zlín Region to the east, Trenčín and Trnava Regions, Slovakia to the south-east and Lower Austria, Austria to the south.
Remote infrared audible signage
Remote infrared audible signage (RIAS) was developed by Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute (as Talking SignsR) so that print-disabled people, such as those that are blind or have low-vision, or are illiterate, foreign, or visually impaired, would be able to access the same type of information available through textual print signs within the built environment.

Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute
The Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute is a nonprofit research institute in San Francisco, California, with a focus on vision science and rehabilitation engineering. It was founded in 1959 by Arthur Jampolsky and Alan B. Scott, when some members of Stanford University's Ophthalmology Department elected to stay in San Francisco rather than move to Palo Alto.