hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mako Urushizaki
Mako Urushizaki (漆﨑 真子, Urushizaki Mako; born 19 April 1992) is a Japanese former badminton player and current coach. She competed in the women's singles for the San-in Godo Bank corporate team and was a member of the 2019 Japan national B team. During her professional career, Urushizaki won two international titles in 2019—the Swedish Open and the Dubai International—and was a runner-up at the 2018 Akita Masters, a BWF World Tour Super 100 tournament. She retired from her playing career on 31 March 2022, due to an injury. Following her retirement as a player, Urushizaki transitioned to coaching and currently serves as a coach for the Japanese national U-16 team and co-founded the Akua Badminton Club.

University of Tsukuba
The University of Tsukuba (筑波大学, Tsukuba daigaku) is a national research university located in Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.

The university has 28 college clusters and schools with around 16,500 students (as of 2014). The main Tsukuba campus covers an area of 258 hectares (636 acres), making it the second largest single campus in Japan.

The university has a branch campus in Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, offering graduate programs for working adults in the capital and managing K-12 schools in Tokyo that are attached to the university.

Three Nobel Prize laurates have taught at the university, Leo Esaki, Hideki Shirakawa and Sin-Itiro Tomonaga. Apart from them, Satoshi Ōmura studied as an audit student.
Holburn (surname)
Holburn is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Sir Alexander Holburn, 3rd Baronet (died 1772), Scottish naval officer

Bob Holburn, Canadian football player

James Holburn (disambiguation), several people

John Goundry Holburn (1843–1899), Scottish politician

Holburn Baronets

Holburn baronets
The Holburn Baronetcy, of Menstrie in the County of Clackmannan, was a title in the Baronetage of Nova Scotia. It was created on 21 June 1706 for James Holburn who was later titled, Sir James Holburn, 1st Baronet. He was the son of Major General Sir James Holborne of Menstrie. The third Baronet was a captain in the Royal Navy. The fifth Baronet was founder of the Holburne Museum of Art, Bath, Somerset. On his death in 1874 the baronetcy became either extinct or dormant.

The family seat was Menstrie Castle, Menstrie, Clackmannanshire.
Kildare Senior Camogie Championship
Camogie was played in Kildare shortly after the sport was first organized in 1904. However, due to sparse records it is not certain when the first senior camogie championship was held. The earliest record of Camogie appears in an advertisement by Athy Ladies Hurling Club advertised a members reunion in July 1909. Kildare sent delegates to the Camogie congress of 1932, and a county board was formed in 1934 with Fr Byrne CC of Caragh as President, Mrs B McCarthy as vice-president, William Fisher of Newbridge as secretary, and Polly Smyth of Newbridge as treasurer. Camogie was reorganized at a county convention in 1954, and has been played in Kildare continuously since.

Caragh
Caragh or Carragh (Irish: Ceárach) is a village in County Kildare, Ireland. It is located on the R409 regional road between the River Liffey and the Grand Canal and is located 6.1 km north-west of Naas. The village is also 7.9 km from Clane and 10.6 km from Newbridge.

Caragh is also the name of the parish that includes the village itself, surrounding townlands, and the village of Prosperous, about 3 km northwest of Caragh.
Basingstoke & Deane Independents
Basingstoke & Deane Independents are a localist political party in the district of Basingstoke and Deane in Hampshire. They are part of the Basingstoke & Deane Independent Forum, which also comprises independent, Green, and All In councillors, and which currently runs the district council alongside the Liberal Democrats, with Independent Forum group leader Paul Harvey serving as leader of the council.

Localism (politics)
Localism is a range of political philosophies which prioritize the local over the national or international. Generally, localism supports local production and consumption of goods, local control of government, and promotion of local history, local culture and local identity. Localism can be contrasted with regionalism and centralized government, with its opposite being found in unitarism.

Localism can also refer to a systematic approach to organizing a central government so that local autonomy is retained rather than following the usual pattern of government and political power becoming centralized over time.

On a conceptual level, there are important affinities between localism and deliberative democracy. This concerns mainly the democratic goal of engaging citizens in decisions that affect them. Consequently, localism will encourage stronger democratic and political participatory forums and widening public sphere connectivity.
Maiopatagium
Maiopatagium is an extinct genus of gliding euharamiyids which existed in Asia during the Jurassic period. It possessed a patagium between its limbs and presumably had similar lifestyle to living flying squirrels and colugos. The type species is Maiopatagium furculiferum, which was described from the Tiaojishan Formation by Zhe-Xi Luo in 2017; it lived in what is now the Liaoning region of China during the late Jurassic (Oxfordian age). Maiopatagium and Vilevolodon, described concurrently, offer clues to the ways various synapsids have taken to the skies over evolutionary time scales. A second species, M. sibiricum, was described from the Bathonian aged Itat Formation in western Siberia, Russia in 2019

Patagium
The patagium (pl.: patagia) is a membranous body part that assists an animal in obtaining lift when gliding or flying. The structure is found in extant and extinct groups of flying and gliding animals including bats, theropod dinosaurs (including birds and some dromaeosaurs), pterosaurs, gliding mammals, some flying lizards, and flying frogs. The patagium that stretches between an animal's hind limbs is called the uropatagium (especially in bats) or the interfemoral membrane.
Pen gun
A pen gun is a firearm that resembles an ink pen.  They generally are of small caliber (e.g., .22 LR, .25 ACP, .32 ACP, .380 ACP caliber, etc.) and are single shot.  Early examples of pen guns were pinfired, but modern designs are rim or centerfire.  Some pen guns are not designed to fire regular cartridges, but rather blank cartridges, signal flares, or tear gas cartridges.

.380 ACP
The .380 ACP (Automatic Colt Pistol), also known as .380 Auto, .380 Automatic, or 9×17mm, is a rimless, straight-walled pistol cartridge that was developed by firearms designer John Moses Browning.  The cartridge headspaces on the mouth of the case.  It was introduced in 1908 by Colt, for use in its new Colt Model 1903 Pocket Hammerless semi-automatic, and has been a popular self-defense cartridge ever since, seeing wide use in numerous handguns (typically smaller weapons). Other names for .380 ACP include 9mm Browning, 9mm Corto, 9mm Kurz, 9mm Short, and 9mm Browning Court (which is the C.I.P. designation). It should not be confused with .38 ACP. The .380 ACP does not strictly conform to cartridge naming conventions, named after the diameter of the bullet, as the actual bullet diameter of the .380 ACP is .355 inches.
Watsonia rogersii
Watsonia rogersii is a plant belonging to the genus Watsonia  and is part of the fynbos. The species is endemic to the Western Cape and occurs in the Hottentots Holland Mountains, Kogelberg and eastwards to Hermanus and the Riviersonderend Mountains near Villiersdorp. There are ten known subpopulations, four of which are in nature reserves and are therefore protected. The subpopulations outside the reserves are threatened by invasive plants, agriculture and urban development.

Hermanus
Hermanus (Afrikaans: [ɦærˈmɑːnœs]; originally called Hermanuspietersfontein, but shortened in 1902 as the name was too long for the postal service), is a town on the southern coast of the Western Cape province of South Africa. It is known for Southern Right whale watching during the southern winter to spring seasons, and is a popular retirement location.
Patrick O'Connor (bishop)
Dr Patrick J. O'Connor DD (1848 – 15 July 1932) was an Irish-born Roman Catholic Bishop of Armidale, in the Sydney Diocese, New South Wales, Australia. His only brother David O'Connor also became a priest. An uncle, Fr. Joseph Meany, was a priest in Blackburn, England.

Patrick Joseph O'Connor born at Clonea, County Waterford on 25 December 1848. He was educated by the Christian Brothers in Dungarvan, County Waterford and he went on to study for the priesthood at All Hallows College, Dublin, where he was ordained on 15 September 1875 for Armidale, New South Wales, Australia, on 15 September 1875.

He was made dean and Vicar General in 1882, later he was awarded the title of Monsignor, and on 3 May 1903 he was made Bishop of Armidale, consecrated by the Archbishop of Sydney Cardinal Moran. He was a driving force behind the new Catholic cathedral in Sydney. O'Connor Catholic College is named in his honour.

Roman Catholic Diocese of Armidale
The Diocese of Armidale is a Latin Church ecclesiastical jurisdiction or diocese of the Catholic Church in Australia. It is a suffragan in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Sydney. The Diocese of Armidale was established by 1862 and covers the New England and Barwon River regions of New South Wales.

Saints Mary and Joseph Catholic Cathedral is the cathedra of the Bishop of Armidale, previously vacant after Michael Kennedy was appointed to the Diocese of Maitland-Newcastle. On February 27th 2025, news broke that Pope Francis had appointed Rev. Dr Peter Murphy the new Bishop of Armidale.

Up until this point the Administrator was Monsignor Edward (Ted) Wilkes, and the administrator sat with the other Australian Bishops while attending the Parramatta funeral of former Bishop Kevin Manning in 2024.

Archbishop Anthony Fisher was principal consecrator of Bishop Peter Mel Murphy. The catholic weekly published the homily. The occasion was published on youtube.
Canton of Bastia-3
The Canton of Bastia-3 is one of the 15 cantons of the Haute-Corse department, France. Since the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015, the communes of the canton of Bastia-3 are:

Bastia (partly)

Haute-Corse
Haute-Corse (French: [ot kɔʁs] ⓘ; Corsican: Corsica suprana [ˈkorsiɡa zuˈprana], Cismonte [tʃiˈzmɔnte] or Alta Corsica; English: Upper Corsica) is a department of France, consisting of the northern part of the island of Corsica. The corresponding departmental territorial collectivity merged with that of Corse-du-Sud on 1 January 2018, forming the single territorial collectivity of Corsica, with territorial elections coinciding with the dissolution of the separate councils. However, even though its administrative powers were ceded to the new territorial collectivity, it continues to remain an administrative department in its own right. In 2019, it had a population of 181,933.
Anglo-Boer War Museum
The Anglo-Boer War Museum (War Museum for short) is also known officially as the War Museum of the Boer Republics in Bloemfontein. It is the only museum in the world dedicated solely to the Anglo-Boer Wars (South African War) of 1899 to 1902. The museum has a unique art collection, dioramas and exhibits but also brings the visitor closer to understanding the background against which the war took place. The National Women's Monument dedicated to all women and children is situated at the same location and was unveiled in 1913.

Military history of South Africa
The military history of South Africa chronicles a vast time period and complex events from the dawn of history until the present time. It covers civil wars and wars of aggression and of self-defense both within South Africa and against it. It includes the history of battles fought in the territories of modern South Africa in neighbouring territories, in both world wars and in modern international conflicts.
Hypotonic-hyporesponsive episode
A hypotonic-hyporesponsive episode (HHE) is defined as sudden onset of poor muscle tone, reduced consciousness, and pale or bluish skin occurring within 48 hours after vaccination, most commonly pertussis vaccination. An HHE is estimated to occur after 1 in 4,762 to 1 in 1,408 doses of whole cell pertussis vaccine, and after 1 in 14,286 to 1 in 2,778 doses of acellular pertussis vaccine.

Cyanosis
Cyanosis is the change of tissue color to a bluish-purple hue, as a result of decrease in the amount of oxygen bound to the hemoglobin in the red blood cells of the capillary bed. Cyanosis is apparent usually in the body tissues covered with thin skin, including the mucous membranes, lips, nail beds, and ear lobes. Some medications may cause discoloration such as medications containing amiodarone or silver. Furthermore, mongolian spots, large birthmarks, and the consumption of food products with blue or purple dyes can also result in the bluish skin tissue discoloration and may be mistaken for cyanosis. Appropriate physical examination and history taking is a crucial part to diagnose cyanosis. Management of cyanosis involves treating the main cause, as cyanosis is not a disease, but rather a symptom.

Cyanosis is further classified into central cyanosis and peripheral cyanosis.
LaClede Town
LaClede Town was a mixed-income, federally funded housing project in St. Louis, Missouri. Located near St. Louis University, it opened in 1964. It incorporated a mix of housing types and had spaces dedicated to social interaction and artistic production. It was an intentionally diverse community with respect to residents' income and race/ethnicity. This experimental urban development was "cool, hip, cheap and populated by people committed to making integration work." It became an incubator for new music, dance, poetry and other arts, especially jazz. Loyal former residents began organizing reunions in 1997.

Eventually, LaClede Town became run down, and the complex was demolished in the late 1980s. Some of the Grand Forest Apartments, a part of LaClede town, still exist as student housing for St. Louis University. Berea Presbyterian Church, which was central to the community and predated the LaClede Town development, still stands.  However, it has been redesigned for commercial use.

Saint Louis University
Saint Louis University (SLU) is a private Jesuit research university in St. Louis, Missouri, United States. Founded in 1818 by Louis William Valentine DuBourg, it is the oldest university west of the Mississippi River and one of the oldest Jesuit universities in the United States. The university is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.

In the 2023–2024 academic year, SLU had an enrollment of 15,204 students. The student body included 8,502 undergraduate students and 6,702 graduate students that represent all 50 states and 96 countries.  The university is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very High Spending and Doctorate Production".

For more than 50 years, the university has maintained the Saint Louis University Madrid Campus in Spain. SLU's athletic teams compete in the NCAA Division I as a member of the Atlantic 10 Conference.
Dorrance State Bank
The Dorrance State Bank, at 512 Main St. in Dorrance, Kansas, was built in 1905. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2011.

It is a one-story building built to serve first as the Citizens State Bank.

It is Early Commercial in style.

It served local farmers and merchants in its rural community until it closed in 1933 during the Great Depression.

National Register of Historic Places architectural style categories
In the United States, the National Register of Historic Places classifies its listings by various types of architecture.  Listed properties often are given one or more of 40 standard architectural style classifications that appear in the National Register Information System (NRIS) database.   Other properties are given a custom architectural description with "vernacular" or other qualifiers, and others have no style classification.  Many National Register-listed properties do not fit into the several categories listed here, or they fit into more specialized subcategories.
Melectini
The Melectini are a tribe of medium- to large-sized cuckoo bees in the family Apidae, found essentially worldwide. They are brood parasites of the related typical digger bees (Anthophorini) and occasionally visit flowers.

As in other cuckoo bees, females can be easily distinguished from those of their hosts by the lack of scopae and other pollen-collecting adaptations, as well as lacking prepygidial fimbria and basitibial plates. Their body hair is rather short and on the abdomen lies flat against the exoskeleton. They may, therefore, be difficult at first glance to distinguish from the Nomadinae, but the details of their wing venation are characteristic: the marginal cell is shorter than the first two submarginal cells, and the second abscissa of vein M+Cu is extremely short, with the cells it connects being almost adjacent to each other. The jugal lobes are very small, less than half as long as the vannal lobes.

Exoskeleton
An exoskeleton (from Ancient Greek  έξω (éxō) 'outer' and  σκελετός (skeletós) 'skeleton') is a skeleton that is on the exterior of an animal in the form of hardened integument, which both supports the body's shape and protects the internal organs, in contrast to an internal endoskeleton (e.g. that of a human) which is enclosed underneath other soft tissues. Some large, hard and non-flexible protective exoskeletons are known as shell or armour.

Examples of exoskeletons in animals include the cuticle skeletons shared by arthropods (insects, chelicerates, myriapods and crustaceans) and tardigrades, as well as the skeletal cups formed by hardened secretion of stony corals, the test/tunic of sea squirts and sea urchins, and the prominent mollusc shell shared by snails, clams, tusk shells, chitons and nautilus. Some vertebrate animals, such as the turtle, have both an endoskeleton and a protective exoskeleton.
Kardam, Dobrich Province
Kardam (Bulgarian: Кардам, Turkish and Romanian: Arman) is a village in General Toshevo Municipality, Dobrich Province, in northeastern Bulgaria. Kardam is close to the border with Romania and there is a border crossing linking the village to the Romanian town Negru Vodă.
Село Кардам, Генерал Тошево е едно от първите места, на които е стъпил хан Аспарух. Позиционирал е многобройната си войска в Кардамското поле.

Населението тогава наброява 7000 души.

General Toshevo Municipality
General Toshevo Municipality (Bulgarian: Община Генерал Тошево) is a municipality (obshtina) in Dobrich Province, Northeastern Bulgaria, located in Southern Dobruja geographical region, bounded by Romania to the north. It is named after its administrative centre - the town of General Toshevo.

The municipality embraces a territory of 982.24 km2 (379.24 sq mi) with a population of 16,714 inhabitants, as of December 2009.

The main road E675 crosses the municipality centrally, connecting the province centre of Dobrich with the Romanian port of Constanța.
Fifth Third Center (Tampa)
Fifth Third Center is a 279 ft (85m) high rise in Tampa, Florida. It was completed in 1981 and has 19 floors. HKS, Inc. designed the building, which is the 21st tallest in Tampa. The name of the building was changed to Southtrust Building in June 2005. The building has an attached six story parking garage.

HKS, Inc.
HKS, Inc. is an American architectural firm founded in Dallas, Texas, in 1939. HKS has designed several sports venues and stadiums, such as the NFL's Lucas Oil Stadium, AT&T Stadium, SoFi Stadium, U.S. Bank Stadium, and New Commanders Stadium.
Mount Zion Baptist Church (Athens, Ohio)
The Mount Zion Baptist Church is a Baptist church in Athens, Ohio, which was frequently used as a meeting place for the Black community from its inception in 1905 until the 1990s. In 1980, the building was added to the National Register of Historic Places. It is the future home to The Mount Zion Black Cultural Center which is planned to open in 2026.

Athens, Ohio
Athens is a city in Athens County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. The population was 23,849 at the 2020 United States census.  Located along the Hocking River within Appalachian Ohio about 65 miles (105 km) southeast of Columbus, Athens is best known as the home of Ohio University, a large public research university with an undergraduate and graduate enrollment of more than 21,000 students. It is the principal city of the Athens micropolitan area.
Bubblegum Screw
Bubblegum Screw was a London glam punk band heavily influenced by New York City 1977 punk and other American bands such as New York Dolls, The Dead Boys and The Stooges.  Along with bands such as Backyard Babies and Buckcherry, they were called the new blood of glam punk. They were also mentioned in the introduction to Brett Callwood's biography of The Stooges.

Brett Callwood
Brett Callwood is an English-American journalist, copy writer, editor and author, based in Los Angeles. He is the senior editor with Music Connection, and a former music editor with the LA Weekly. He was previously a reporter at the Longmont Times-Call and Daily Camera, the music editor at the Detroit Metro Times and editor-in-chief at Yellow Scene magazine.r
IPA consonant chart with audio
The International Phonetic Alphabet, or IPA, is an alphabetic system of phonetic notation based primarily on the Latin alphabet. It was devised by the International Phonetic Association as a standardized representation of the sounds of spoken language.

The following tables present pulmonic and non-pulmonic consonants. In the IPA, a pulmonic consonant is a consonant made by obstructing the glottis (the space between the vocal cords) or oral cavity (the mouth) and either simultaneously or subsequently letting out air from the lungs. Pulmonic consonants make up the majority of consonants in the IPA, as well as in human language. All consonants in the English language fall into this category.

In the audio samples below, the consonants are pronounced with [ä] for demonstration.

Egressive sound
In articulatory phonetics, egressive sounds are produced by an airstream mechanism that pushes air out through the mouth or nose. The three types of egressive sounds are pulmonic egressive (from the lungs), glottalic egressive (from the glottis), and lingual (velaric) egressive (from the tongue). The opposite of an egressive sound is an ingressive sound, in which the airstream flows inward through the mouth or nose.
Battle of Sculeni
The Battle of Sculeni was fought on 29 June 1821 in Sculeni, Moldavia between Ottoman forces and the Greek revolutionary forces raised by the Filiki Eteria led by Prince George Katakouzenos. The battle came about as the result of Ottoman reprisals for Alexander Ypsilantis' expedition in the two Danubian Principalities, and followed in the aftermath of the Battle of Drăgășani.  When the Ottomans crossed the Bahlui River in Iaşi on 25 June 1821, Lieutenant Catakouzenos and his forces, originally stationed on the Russian frontier, crossed the Prut River.

Alexander Ypsilantis
Alexandros Ypsilantis (12 December 1792 – 31 January 1828) was a Greek nationalist politician who was member of a prominent Phanariot Greek family, a prince of the Danubian Principalities, a senior officer of the Imperial Russian cavalry during the Napoleonic Wars, and a leader of the Filiki Etaireia, a secret organization that coordinated the beginning of the Greek War of Independence against the Ottoman Empire.