hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Richard Pimentel
Richard Keith Pimentel (born c. 1948) is an American disability rights advocate, trainer, and speaker who was a strong advocate for the passage of the Americans with Disabilities Act. He developed training materials aimed to help employers integrate persons with disabilities into the workplace.

Pimentel was born and raised in Portland, Oregon, by his grandmother, as his mother was mentally ill. He lost the majority of his hearing while serving in the Vietnam War, returning to the United States in 1970 almost entirely deaf. He attempted to apply for a rehabilitation program for veterans, but was denied by the Veterans Administration, marking the beginning of a battle with the Administration in order to allow his admittance to Portland State University.

His life story is recounted in the 2007 film Music Within. He is a senior partner of Milt Wright & Associates, Inc.

Deafness
Deafness has varying definitions in cultural and medical contexts. In medical contexts, the meaning of deafness is hearing loss that precludes a person from understanding spoken language, an audiological condition. In this context it is written with a lower case d. It later came to be used in a cultural context to refer to those who primarily communicate with a deafness aid or through sign language regardless of hearing ability, often capitalized as Deaf and referred to as "big D Deaf" in speech and sign. The two definitions overlap but are not identical, as hearing loss includes cases that are not severe enough to impact spoken language comprehension, while cultural Deafness includes hearing people who use sign language, such as children of deaf adults.
Seven trumpets
In the Book of Revelation, seven trumpets are sounded, one at a time, to cue apocalyptic events seen by John of Patmos (Revelation 1:9) in his vision (Revelation 1:1). The seven trumpets are sounded by seven angels and the events that follow are described in detail in Revelation 8–11. However, there are also many other messages, events and signs that occur before and after the trumpets that are described in the Book of Revelation, as this is only one section. According to Revelation 8:1–2 the angels sound these trumpets after the breaking of the seventh seal. These seals secured the apocalyptic document held in the right hand of Him who sits on the throne. The trumpets are referred to in Koine Greek as σάλπιγξ (sálpinx, salpinx); this was a straight, narrow bronze tube with a mouthpiece of bone and a bell; they do not closely resemble modern valve trumpets. The final three trumpets are sometimes called the "woe trumpets".

John of Patmos
John of Patmos (also called John the Revelator, John the Divine, John the Theologian; Ancient Greek: Ἰωάννης ὁ Θεολόγος, romanized: Iōannēs ho Theologos) is the name traditionally given to the author of the Book of Revelation. Revelation 1:9 states that John was on Patmos, an Aegean island off the coast of Roman Asia, where according to some biblical historians, he was exiled as a result of anti-Christian persecution under the Roman emperor Domitian.

Christian tradition has considered the Book of Revelation's writer to be the same person as John the Apostle, though some Christian scholars since medieval times have separated the disciple from the writer of Revelation. A minority of ancient clerics and scholars, such as Eusebius (d. 339/340), recognize at least one further John as a companion of Jesus, John the Presbyter.
Sylvia of Aquitaine
Sylvia of Aquitaine was a fourth century nun from Aquitaine who was believed, based on an account attributed to her, to have gone on a pilgrimage sometime between 379 and 388 A.D. This account, however, is now attributed to another nun named Egeria.

She was the sister of Rufinus, the chief minister of the Byzantine Empire under Theodosius and Arcadius. Palladius' Lausiac History tells she journeyed in the age of 60, and prided in her ascetic habits.

Her feast day is celebrated on November 5. She should not be confused with Saint Silvia, the mother of Pope Gregory the Great.

Lausiac History
The Lausiac History (Koine Greek: Ἡ Λαυσαϊκή Ἱστορία, romanized: E Lavsaike Istoria) is a seminal work archiving the
Desert Fathers (early Christian monks who lived in the Egyptian
desert) written in 419–420 AD by Palladius of Galatia, at the request of Lausus, chamberlain at the court of the Byzantine Emperor Theodosius II.

The text covers the lives of Desert Fathers and Mothers, and stories designed to instruct audiences on how to best avoid sin.

Originally written in Greek, the Lausiac History was so popular it was soon translated into Arabic, Armenian, Coptic, Geʽez, Latin, Syriac and Sogdian.
KV4
KV4 is a tomb in the Valley of the Kings (Egypt). The tomb was initiated for the burial of Ramesses XI but it is likely that its construction was abandoned and it was not used for Ramesses's interment. It also seems likely that Pinedjem I intended to usurp this tomb for his own burial, but that he too abandoned the plan. KV4 is notable for being the last royal tomb that was quarried in the Valley and because it has been interpreted as being a workshop used during the official dismantling of the royal necropolis in the early Third Intermediate Period.

Ancient Egyptian royal titulary
The royal titulary or royal protocol is the standard naming convention taken by the pharaohs of ancient Egypt. It symbolised worldly power and holy might, also acting as a sort of mission statement for the duration of a monarch's reign (although sometimes it even changed during the reign).

The full titulary, consisting of five names, did not come into standard usage until the Middle Kingdom but remained in use as late as the Roman Empire.
D. E. Shaw & Co.
D. E. Shaw & Co., L.P. is a multinational investment management firm founded in 1988 by David E. Shaw and based in New York City. The company is known for developing complicated mathematical models and computer programs to exploit anomalies in financial markets. As of 2025, D. E. Shaw has $65 billion in assets under management, including alternative investments and long strategies.

Since 2020, the firm has had consecutive years of legal issues, including being held liable for defaming a former employee and being charged by the Securities and Exchange Commission for violating whistleblower protection laws.

Assets under management
In finance, assets under management (AUM), sometimes called fund under management, refers to the total market value of all financial assets that a financial institution—such as a mutual fund, venture capital firm, or depository institution—or a decentralized network protocol manages and invests, typically on behalf of its clients. Funds may be managed for clients, platform users, or solely for themselves, such as in the case of a financial institution which has mutual funds or holds its own venture capital. The definition and formula for calculating AUM may differ from one entity to another.
Mobile Trauma Bay
A Mobile Trauma Bay is a containerized ambulance bay mounted on an Oshkosh Logistic Vehicle System Replacement (LVSR).
It holds state-of-the-art medical equipment and carries a Shock Trauma Platoon, generally consisting of one doctor, a nurse and three corpsmen, providing advanced resuscitative care to critically injured service members within the first hour after a traumatic injury (the "golden hour").  It takes emergency medical care far forward, saving more lives.  Over 98% of the wounded Marines who make it into the MTB, make it out alive.

Golden hour (medicine)
In emergency medicine, the golden hour is the period of time immediately after a traumatic injury during which there is the highest likelihood that prompt medical and surgical treatment will prevent death. While initially defined as an hour, the exact time period depends on the nature of the injury and can be more than or less than this duration. It is well established that the person's chances of survival are greatest if they receive care within a short period of time after a severe injury; however, there is no evidence to suggest that survival rates drop off after 60 minutes. Some have come to use the term to refer to the core principle of rapid intervention in trauma cases, rather than the narrow meaning of a critical one-hour time period.
H.R. 3578 (113th Congress)
The bill H.R. 3578 had the long title "To ensure that any new or revised requirement providing for the screening, testing, or treatment of an airman or an air traffic controller for a sleep disorder is adopted pursuant to a rulemaking proceeding, and for other purposes." It is a bill that would require that "any federal rules on testing of air traffic controllers for sleep disorders are issued under a formal rulemaking process."

The bill was introduced into the United States House of Representatives during the 113th United States Congress.

Congressional Budget Office
The Congressional Budget Office (CBO) is a federal agency within the legislative branch of the United States government that provides budget and economic information to Congress. It is headquartered at the Ford House Office Building in Washington, DC. Inspired by California's Legislative Analyst's Office that manages the state budget in a strictly nonpartisan fashion, the CBO was created as a nonpartisan agency by the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974.

Whereas politicians on both sides of the aisle have criticized the CBO when its estimates have been politically inconvenient, economists and other academics overwhelmingly reject that the CBO is partisan or that it fails to produce credible forecasts. There is a consensus among economists that "adjusting for legal restrictions on what the CBO can assume about future legislation and events, the CBO has historically issued credible forecasts of the effects of both Democratic and Republican legislative proposals."
Limnopsalta
Limnopsalta is a monotypic genus of cicadas in the family Cicadidae, subfamily Cicadettinae and tribe Cicadettini. It was described in 2012 by Australian entomologist Maxwell Sydney Moulds. The single species occurs in coastal south-eastern Queensland.

Maxwell Sydney Moulds
Maxwell Sydney Moulds (b. 1941) is an Australian entomologist. The majority of his books are written about cicadas. He led a morphological analysis that found that cicadas separate naturally into clades according to biogeographical area.
Henry Habib
Henri Habib is the distinguished professor emeritus at Concordia University. He established the Political Science Department at Loyola College, and was instrumental in establishing the Global Forum for International Co-operation (GFIC). He is a well-known authority on Middle Eastern politics.

Habib received his bachelor's degree in political science from the American University of Beirut in Beirut, Lebanon; his M.A. from Fordham University; and his Ph.D. from McGill University.

He is of Lebanese Christian descent and is currently in semi-retirement, teaching courses in World History, Middle Eastern politics and international law at Concordia University, McGill University, University of Ottawa and Carleton University. He currently lives in Ottawa. He is also the second cousin of renowned diplomat Philip Habib.

Henry Habib's grandfather was a lieutenant governor for the Ottoman Empire in Jerusalem; he was responsible for Christian and Jewish affairs in Jerusalem.

Philip C. Habib
Philip Charles Habib (February 25, 1920 – May 25, 1992) was an American career diplomat active from 1949 to 1987.

During his 30-year career as a Foreign Service Officer, he had mostly specialized in Asia. In 1968, he was working to prevent the escalation of U.S. involvement in Vietnam.

Habib later became known for his work as Ronald Reagan's special envoy to the Middle East from 1981 to 1983. In that role, he negotiated numerous cease-fire agreements between the various parties involved in the Lebanese Civil War.

He came out of retirement to take two assignments as U.S. special envoy; one to the Philippines in 1986, and another to Central America in 1986–87. In the latter assignment, he helped Costa Rican president Oscar Arias propose a peace plan to end the region's civil wars.

Habib was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1982—the highest official honor given to a U.S. citizen by the U.S. government.
Jampel Lodoy
Jampel Lodoy, born Apysh-Ool Shuurakayovich Sat (21 August 1975 – 23 June 2020) was a Tuvan Buddhist lama who served as the Kamby Lama of Tuva for two tenures. The Kamby Lama, or Supreme Lama, is the highest Buddhist religious authority in Tuva. Jampel Lodoy was first elected Kamby Lama from 2005 to 2010.  During the 2010s, Jampel Lodoy became the abbot of Ustuu-Khuree, one of the largest Buddhist monasteries and temples in Tuva, which had been destroyed in 1937, but reopened in 2012.

On 29 November 2019 Jampel Lodoy was elected the 8th Kamby Lama of Tuva by a congress of Buddhist clergy. He was enthroned on 19 December 2019 in a ceremony held at the House of Folk Art, the headquarters of the Tuvan Ministry of Culture in Kyzyl. However, just seven months later, Jampel Lodoy died in office from complications of COVID-19 during the pandemic in Russia.

Dzun-Khemchiksky District
Dzun-Khemchiksky District (Russian: Дзун-Хемчи́кский кожуун; Tuvan: Чөөн-Хемчик кожуун, romanized: Çöön-Xemçik kojûn) is an administrative and municipal district (raion, or kozhuun), one of the seventeen in the Tuva Republic, Russia. It is located in the west of the republic. The area of the district is 6,484.56 square kilometers (2,503.70 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Chadan. Population: 19,918 (2010 census); 21,361 (2002 Census); 22,748 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Chadan accounts for 45.4% of the district's total population.
Brandon Green
Brandon Green (born September 5, 1980) is an American former professional football player who was a defensive end in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Rice Owls and was selected by the Jacksonville Jaguars in the 6th round of the 2003 NFL draft.

Rice Owls football
The Rice Owls football program represents Rice University in the sport of American football. The team competes at the NCAA Division I FBS level and compete in the American Athletic Conference. Rice Stadium, built in 1950, hosts the Owls' home football games. Rice has the second-smallest undergraduate enrollment of any FBS member, ahead of only Tulsa.
Hazel Salmi
Hazel Gowan Salmi (November 11, 1893 – April 22, 1986) was an American visual artist, educator, and arts administrator. She was a painter, as well as the founder and director of the Richmond Art Center. She lived in Point Richmond, California for many years.

California College of the Arts
The California College of the Arts (CCA) is a private art school in San Francisco, California. It was founded in Berkeley, California in 1907 and moved to a historic estate in Oakland, California in 1922. In 1996, it opened a second campus in San Francisco; in 2022, the Oakland campus was closed and merged into the San Francisco campus. CCA enrolls approximately 1,239 undergraduates and 380 graduate students. In January 2026, CCA president David Howse announced the college will be closing at the end of the 2026–2027 academic year, with Vanderbilt University taking over the campus.
Barney Greenway
Mark Andrew "Barney" Greenway (born 13 July 1969) is a British extreme metal vocalist who is the lead singer and primary lyricist of Napalm Death and a former member of Extreme Noise Terror and Benediction.

Greenway has stated his nickname "Barney" came from a time when he used to drink alcohol. He stated he would get so drunk that when he went anywhere, he would bump into everything. From this behaviour, his friend Stick (drummer of Doom) would call him "Rubble", which changed to "Barney Rubble" and then just "Barney".

According to Graham Hartmann of Loudwire, "Greenway's primordial swamp-thing barking is one of extreme metal's most distinct and imposing voices".

Doom (British band)
Doom are an English hardcore punk band from Birmingham whose first lineup were together from 1987 to 1990. Despite its short existence, the band is considered pivotal in the rise of crust punk, a genre of punk rock that takes influence and elements from extreme metal. They recorded for Peaceville Records and are cited as an early precursor to grindcore. Doom were also a favourite of BBC Radio DJ John Peel.
Punsch
Punsch (or punssi in Finnish) is a type of liqueur popular in Sweden and Finland. It is most frequently called Swedish Punsch, and while historical variations have also been called Militär Punsch, Arrack Pun(s)ch, and Caloric Pun(s)ch, punsch should not be confused with the English term "punch". It is made by the mixing of spirits (arrack, brandy or rum) with arrak tea (lemon and spices), sugar, and water, and was first brought to Sweden from Java in 1733. The spirit arrack is the base ingredient in most punsches, also imported into Europe by the Dutch from their colony in Batavia, Dutch East Indies. Punsch usually has 25% alcohol by volume (ABV) and 30% sugar.

While still made in Sweden by combining ingredients, since the later part of the 19th century it is frequently purchased as a bottled liqueur under various brand names. It is drunk both warmed and chilled.

Brandy
Brandy is a liquor produced by distilling wine. Brandy generally contains 35–60% alcohol by volume (70–120 US proof) and is typically consumed as an after-dinner digestif. Some brandies are aged in wooden casks. Others are coloured with caramel colouring to imitate the effect of ageing, and some are produced using a combination of ageing and colouring. Varieties of wine brandy can be found across the winemaking world. Among the most renowned are Cognac and Armagnac from southwestern France.

In a broader sense, the term brandy also denotes liquors obtained from the distillation of pomace (yielding pomace brandy), or mash or wine of any other fruit (fruit brandy). These products are also called eau de vie (literally "water of life" in French).
Solotvyn settlement hromada
Solotvyn settlement hromada (Ukrainian: Солотвинська селищна громада) is a hromada in Ukraine, in Ivano-Frankivsk Raion of Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast. The administrative center is the rural settlement of Solotvyn.

Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast
Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast (Ukrainian: Івано-Франківська область, romanized: Ivano-Frankivska oblast), also referred to as Ivano-Frankivshchyna (Івано-Франківщина) or simply Frankivshchyna, is an oblast (region) in western Ukraine. Its administrative center is the city of Ivano-Frankivsk. It has a population of 1,351,822 (2022 estimate).

The area, also known as Prykarpattia, was part of the historical region of Galicia, where the Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia flourished. After World War I, the area became part of the Second Polish Republic and was administered as part of Stanisławów Voivodeship until the invasion of Poland. The area was annexed by the Soviet Union and was known as Stanislav Oblast until 1962, when its administrative center was renamed after the Ukrainian writer Ivan Franko. Kolomyia was a historical center of the oblast and remains a major cultural center of Pokuttia, the traditional name for the southern part of the oblast.
Athaloc
Athaloc was the Visigothic Arian Archbishop of Narbonne at the time of the Third Council of Toledo in 589. He was the metropolitan of his province in parallel with the Catholic hierarchy.

Early in 589, Reccared I sent word of his conversion to Catholicism to Septimania, where it incited a rebellion on behalf of Arianism by two prominent counts, Granista and Wildigern, and the bishop Athaloc. The rebels sought to overthrow Reccared and the Catholic faith and to this end they called in the aid of the Catholic and Frankish king of Burgundy, Guntram. The Frankish army under Boso, however, was destroyed by Claudius, Duke of Lusitania. Many Catholics died in the process of the rebellion. Athaloc, however, was not deposed and died a natural death. He never converted to Catholicism.

Third Council of Toledo
The Third Council of Toledo (589) marks the entry of Visigothic Spain into the Catholic Church, and is known for codifying the filioque clause into Western Christianity. The council also enacted restrictions on Jews, and the conversion of the country to Catholic Christianity led to repeated conflict with the Jews.
Egyptian airstrike on the Old Tel Aviv central bus station
On May 18, 1948, the Royal Egyptian Air Force bombed the Old Tel Aviv central bus station four days after Israel declared independence, killing 42 people.

The attack occurred during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War amid a bombing campaign by Egyptian forces in Tel Aviv that killed 150 people in total. The bombing occurred on May 18 when Egyptian C-47s launched an attack on the bus station, which was crowded with passengers at the time. The Palestine Post reported a "50-pound fragmentation bomb" shook the building. 42 people died in total, including four members of the Dan Bus Company. Over 100 people were injured.

The bus station was significantly damaged by the explosion, which was also the deadliest attack of its kind by the Egyptian Air Force. Many Israelis, especially residents of Tel Aviv, were outraged by the incident and called for the Israeli Air Force to bomb Egypt in retaliation. The bombing also convinced many pilots, including Lou Lenart, to join the war on behalf of Israel.

Dan Bus Company
Dan Bus Company (Hebrew: דן חברה לתחבורה ציבורית) is an Israeli bus company based in Tel Aviv. It operates local bus service in the Tel Aviv metropolitan area and Be'er Sheva.

Dan operates 1,200 buses and has 2,400 employees. It transports approximately over 600,000 passengers daily. Combined with its southern subsidiaries, its fleet numbers 2,500.
Bastard Operator From Hell
The Bastard Operator From Hell (BOFH) is  a fictional rogue computer operator created by Simon Travaglia, who takes out his anger on users (who are "lusers" to him) and others who pester him with their computer problems, uses his expertise against his enemies and manipulates his employer. By extension, the term is also used to refer to any system administrator who displays the qualities of the original.

Several people have written stories about BOFHs, but only those by Simon Travaglia are considered canonical. 
The BOFH stories were originally posted in 1992 to Usenet by Travaglia, with some being reprinted in Datamation. Since 2000 they have been published regularly in The Register (UK). Several collections of the stories have been published as books.

The early accounts of the BOFH took place in a university; later the scenes were set in an office workplace. In 2000 (BOFH 2k), the BOFH and his pimply-faced youth (PFY) assistant moved to a new company.

Computer operator
A computer operator is a role in IT which oversees the running of computer systems, ensuring that the machines, and computers are running properly. The job of a computer operator as defined by the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics is to "monitor and control ... and respond to ... enter commands ... set controls on computer and peripheral devices. This Excludes Data Entry."
2021 Copa Colombia
The 2021 Copa Colombia, officially the Copa BetPlay Dimayor 2021 for sponsorship reasons, was the 19th edition of the Copa Colombia, the national cup competition for clubs of DIMAYOR. The tournament was contested by 35 teams and began on 10 March 2021. It ended on 24 November 2021, with Atlético Nacional winning their fifth title in the competition after defeating Deportivo Pereira in the double-legged final series by a 5–1 aggregate score. As champions, Atlético Nacional qualified for the 2022 Copa Libertadores.

Independiente Medellín were the defending champions, having won the competition in its two most recent editions. They were eliminated by Deportivo Cali in the round of 16.

Categoría Primera B
The Torneo DIMAYOR, referred to as Torneo BetPlay Dimayor due to sponsorship by online betting company BetPlay, is the second-division football league in Colombia. The tournament was inaugurated on 29 January 1991.