hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1948 Stirling and Falkirk by-election
A 1948 by-election for the constituency of Stirling and Falkirk in the UK House of Commons was held on 7 October 1948, caused by the death of the incumbent Labour MP Joseph Westwood. The result was a hold for the Labour Party, with their candidate Malcolm MacPherson.

Joseph Westwood
Joseph Westwood (11 February 1884 – 17 July 1948) was a Scottish Labour Party politician who was a Member of Parliament from 1922 until his death, and served as Secretary of State for Scotland from 1945 to 1947.
Beating the Boards
Beating the Boards is the first live album released by Australian musician, Jon English. The album was released in Australia in April 1982. The album was recorded live at the following performances across Australia, Norway and Denmark.

Belmont Park Racecourse, Perth, 8 August 1981.

Adelaide Festival Centre, Adelaide, 14 September 1981.

Civic Theatre, Canberra, 25 September 1981.

Newcastle Civic Theatre, Newcastle, 28 & 29 September 1981.

National Hotel, Brisbane, 2 & 3 October 1981.

Chateau Neuf, Oslo 25 & 26 October 1981.

Tivoli Gardens, Copenhagen 28 October 1981.

Musicians Club, Sydney, 13–14 December 1981

Sidney Myer Music Bowl, Melbourne 26 February 1982.

National Convention Centre Canberra
The National Convention Centre Canberra is a convention centre located in Canberra, Australia, which opened in 1989. The Centre is Canberra's largest, purpose-built functions, meetings and events venue, and is managed by InterContinental Hotels Group. It provides a collection of more than 13 spaces over two floors.

The Centre hosts sporting events, concerts, trade fairs and meetings. The Royal Theatre, the largest space, can accommodate 2,460; the Exhibition Hall has space for up to 2,000. In 2005, the Centre underwent a $30 million capital upgrade.
2013 Australian Formula Ford Championship
The 2013 Australian Formula Ford Championship was a CAMS sanctioned Australian motor racing title for drivers of Formula Ford racing cars. It was the 44th national series for Formula Fords to be held in Australia and the 21 to carry the Australian Formula Ford Championship name. CAMS filled the role of Category Manager for the championship. The championship was contested over a seven round series which began on 5 April at the Symmons Plains International Raceway and ended on 8 December at the Homebush Street Circuit. It was won by Anton de Pasquale, driving a Mygale SJ13a.

Australian Formula Ford Championship
The Australian Formula Ford Championship is an Australian motor racing competition for drivers of Formula Ford racing cars, held annually since 1970. From 1970 until 1992 it was a national series and from 1993 until 2013 the series was sanctioned by the Confederation of Australian Motor Sport as the Australian Formula Ford Championship. From 2014 to 2018 it reverted to national series status. The Australian Formula Ford Championship name was then applied to the series by the Formula Ford Association from 2019.

Australian Formula Ford is renowned for producing future champions in other categories with many V8 Supercar drivers and Australian international open-wheeler drivers having had a background in the category.
Department of Justice v. House Committee on the Judiciary
Department of Justice v. House Committee on the Judiciary (2020), No. 19-1328 (previously In re Application of the Committee on the Judiciary, No. 19-5288), was a court decision by the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit. The case weighs whether a committee of the House of Representatives can assert the House's "sole power of impeachment" to subpoena materials gathered as part of a federal grand jury investigation which are ordinarily secret. Due to changes in the government by the time of the 2020 election, many of the aspects leading to the case have become unnecessary, and the Supreme Court ruled the case moot in orders released in July 2021.

Social Science Research Network
SSRN (Social Science Research Network) is an open access research platform that functions as a repository for sharing early-stage research and preprints. It facilitates the rapid dissemination of scholarly research in the social sciences, humanities, life sciences, and health sciences, among others. It was formerly called Social Science Research Network, now called SSRN to reflect that it hosts content not only in social sciences but also in a wide range of disciplines including economics, law, business and engineering. Elsevier bought SSRN from Social Science Electronic Publishing Inc. in May 2016. It is not an electronic journal, but rather an electronic library and search engine.
Ruknapur
Ruknapur is a village in Harchandpur block of Rae Bareli district, Uttar Pradesh, India. As of 2011, its population is 1,139, in 167 households. It has two primary schools and no healthcare facilities.

The 1961 census recorded Ruknapur as comprising 1 hamlet, with a total population of 482 people (257 male and 225 female), in 96 households and 84 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 301 acres.

The 1981 census recorded Ruknapur as having a population of 680 people, in 120 households, and having an area of 119.79 hectares. The main staple foods were listed as wheat and juwar.

Raebareli district
Raebareli district is a district of Uttar Pradesh state in northern India. The city of Raebareli is the district headquarters. This district is a part of Lucknow Division in Uttar Pradesh state. The total area of Raebareli district is 3,371 Sq. km.

As of 2011, its population is 3,405,559, which makes it the 27th largest in the state. It is a predominantly rural district, with 91% of the population living in rural areas.
Hemi-octahedron
In geometry, a hemi-octahedron is an abstract regular polyhedron, containing half the faces of a regular octahedron.

It has 4 triangular faces, 6 edges, and 3 vertices. Its dual polyhedron is the hemicube.

It can be realized as a projective polyhedron (a tessellation of the real projective plane by 4 triangles), which can be visualized by constructing the projective plane as a hemisphere where opposite points along the boundary are connected and dividing the hemisphere into four equal parts.  It can be seen as a square pyramid without its base.

It can be represented symmetrically as a hexagonal or square Schlegel diagram:

It has an unexpected property that there are two distinct edges between every pair of vertices – any two vertices define a digon.

Digon
In geometry, a bigon, digon, or a 2-gon, is a polygon with two sides (edges) and two vertices. Its construction is degenerate in a Euclidean plane because either the two sides would coincide or one or both would have to be curved; however, it can be easily visualised in elliptic space. It may also be viewed as a representation of a graph with two vertices, see "Generalized polygon".

A regular digon has both angles equal and both sides equal and is represented by Schläfli symbol {2}. It may be constructed on a sphere as a pair of 180 degree arcs connecting antipodal points, when it forms a lune.

The digon is the simplest abstract polytope of rank 2.

A truncated digon, t{2} is a square, {4}. An alternated digon, h{2} is a monogon, {1}.
Stanley Heaps
Stanley A. Heaps (1880–1962) was an English architect responsible for the design of a number of stations on the London Underground system as well as the design of train depots and bus and trolleybus garages for London Transport.

Trolleybus
A trolleybus (also known as trolley bus, trolley coach, trackless trolley, trackless tram (in the 1910s and 1920s), road tram or simply trolley) is an electric bus that draws power from dual overhead lines (generally suspended from roadside posts) using spring-loaded or pneumatically raised trolley poles. Two wires, and two trolley poles, are required to complete the electrical circuit. This differs from a tram or streetcar, which normally uses the track as the return path, needing only one wire and one pole (or pantograph). They are also distinct from other kinds of electric buses, which usually rely on batteries. Power is most commonly supplied as 600-volt direct current in older systems and 750-volts in newer systems, but there are exceptions.

Currently, around 300 trolleybus systems are in operation, in cities and towns in 43 countries. Altogether, more than 800 trolleybus systems have existed, but not more than about 400 concurrently.
Kamensk
Kamensk (Russian: Ка́менск) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.

Urban localities

Kamensk, Republic of Buryatia, an urban-type settlement in Kabansky District of the Republic of Buryatia

Rural localities

Kamensk, Bryansk Oblast, a village in Surazhsky District of Bryansk Oblast

Kamensk, Krasnoyarsk Krai, a village in Yeniseysky District of Krasnoyarsk Krai

Kamensk, Voronezh Oblast, a settlement in Pavlovsky District of Voronezh Oblast

Pavlovsky District, Voronezh Oblast
Pavlovsky District  (Russian: Па́вловский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-two in Voronezh Oblast, Russia. It is located in the center of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,886 square kilometers (728 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Pavlovsk. Population: 51,144 (2021 Census); 57,081 (2010 Census); 59,355 (2002 Census); 58,526 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Pavlovsk accounts for 43.8% of the district's total population.
Au-delà du délire
Au-delà du délire is the third album by the French progressive rock band Ange, released in 1974. The French edition of Rolling Stone magazine named this album the 73rd greatest French rock album (out of 100).

Ange (band)
Ange (French pronunciation: [ɑ̃ʒ], lit. 'Angel') is a French progressive rock band formed in September 1969 by the Décamps brothers, Francis (keyboards) and Christian (vocals, accordion, acoustic guitar and keyboards).

Since its inception the band's music has been inspired by medieval texts and fantasy.
Srđan Mrkušić
Srđan Mrkušić (May 26, 1915 – October 30, 2007) was a Yugoslav footballer who played as a goalkeeper, legendary "third back" and forestry engineer.

With a long professional football career that spanned more than two decades, he is known for representing Yugoslavia at the 1950 World Cup as well as for being one of only seven footballers who represented both the pre and post World War II national team.

He also went down in history as one of the founders of Red Star Belgrade football club in early March 1945 and the first goalkeeper of the Serbian nation team.

Simultaneous to his football career, Mrkušić managed to earn a university degree in forestry. Following the end of his football playing days, he began working as an engineer.

Yugoslavia national football team
The Yugoslavia national football team represented Yugoslavia in international association football.

Although the team mainly represented the pre-war Kingdom of Yugoslavia and the post-war SFR Yugoslavia, various iterations of the state were formally constituted in football, including the:

Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (1918–1929)

Kingdom of Yugoslavia (1929–1945)

Democratic Federal Yugoslavia (1945)

Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia (1945–1963)

Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (1963–1992)

It enjoyed success in international competition, reaching the semi-finals at the 1930 and 1962 FIFA World Cups. In 1992, during the Yugoslav wars, the team was suspended from international competition as part of the United Nations sanctions on Yugoslavia.
2018 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships – Men's 400 metre freestyle
The men's 400 metre freestyle competition at the 2018 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships took place on August 11 at the Tokyo Tatsumi International Swimming Center. The defending champion was Park Tae-hwan of South Korea.

Tokyo Tatsumi International Swimming Center
Tokyo Tatsumi International Swimming Center (東京辰巳国際水泳場, Tōkyō Tatsumi Kokusai Suieijō) is a swimming venue in Kōtō, Tokyo, Japan. The swimming centre has hosted several Japanese swimming championships.
The Hazzards
The Hazzards, formerly known as The Ukes of Hazzard, is an American ukulele-based band, best known for their cult hit single "Gay Boyfriend".

Founded by Sydney Maresca and Anne Harris after they met at a party in 2000, The Hazzards started out as a ukulele/Casio SK-1/glockenspiel/tambourine duo.

In 2005, three further musicians joined the band, and consists of:

Sydney Maresca

Anne Harris

Will Carlough (drums)

Andrew Dickerson (bass)

Paul Thureen (harp)

The band's biggest hit, "Gay Boyfriend", had an unconventional novelty music video, created for a small internet site, which gained international airplay on MTV and most other music networks, especially in the United Kingdom. It became an internet cult hit with over two million downloads. In November 2003, the Europop remix debuted at #67 on the UK Singles Chart, but left after a week.

The Hazzards also appeared on multiple episodes of the U.S. television program Rad Girls on Fuse.

Duet
A duet (Italian: duo or duetto) is a musical composition for two performers in which the performers have equal importance to the piece, often a composition involving two singers or two pianists. It differs from a harmony, as the performers take turns performing a solo section rather than performing simultaneously. A piece performed by two pianists performing together on the same piano is a "piano duet" or "piano four hands". A piece for two pianists performing together on separate pianos is a "piano duo".

"Duet" is also used as a verb for the act of performing a musical duet, or colloquially as a noun to refer to the performers of a duet.

A musical ensemble with more than two solo instruments or voices is called a trio, quartet, quintet, sextet, septet, octet, etc.
2019 Piala Sumbangsih
The 2019 Piala Sumbangsih was the 34th edition of the Piala Sumbangsih, an annual football match played between the winners of the previous season's Malaysia Super League and Malaysia Cup. The game was played between the Johor Darul Ta'zim F.C., champions of the 2018 Malaysia Super League, and Perak, winners of the 2018 Malaysia Cup.

2018 Malaysia Cup
The 2018 Malaysia Cup (Malay: Piala Malaysia 2018) was the 92nd edition of Malaysia Cup tournament organised by Football Association of Malaysia (FAM). Known as the unifi Malaysia Cup due to the start of a sponsorship deal with unifi.

The 2018 Malaysia Cup began on August with a preliminary round. A total of 16 teams took part in the competition. The teams were divided into four groups, each containing four teams. The group leaders and runners-up teams in the groups after six matches qualified to the quarterfinals.

Johor Darul Ta'zim were the defending champions, but they were eliminated by Terengganu in the semi-finals.
Choral Synagogue (Drohobych)
The Choral Synagogue, also called the Great Synagogue, is an Orthodox Jewish synagogue, located on Pylypa Orlyka Street, in Drohobych, Lviv Oblast in Ukraine. The congregation worships in the Ashkenazi rite.

Nusach (Jewish custom)
In Judaism, a nusach or nusakh (Hebrew: נוסח, romanized: nusáḥ, Yiddish: נוסח, romanized: núsekh, pl. נוסחים nusaḥim, Yiddish: נוסחאות, romanized: nuskhóes) is the exact text of a Jewish prayer service, sometimes translated as "rite". Nusach may more accurately translate to "formulation" or "wording".

The texts of siddurim used by the array of Jewish ethnic divisions and religious movements include Baladi-rite prayer, nusach Ashkenaz, nusach Sefard, nusach edot haMizraḥ, Italian nusach, and nusach Ari.

A textual nusach is distinct from a musical nusach, the latter referring to a community's musical style or tradition, particularly the chanted melodies used for the Amidah and other recitative prayers.
Research and Development Expenditure Credit
The Research and Development Expenditure Credit (RDEC), introduced in 2013, is a UK tax incentive designed to encourage large companies to invest in R&D in the UK. Companies can reduce their tax bill or claim payable cash credits as a proportion of their R&D expenditure.

The initiative builds on the existing R&D Tax Credit scheme which has been in operation for large companies since 2002 and is one of a number of  technology tax relief schemes introduced by successive UK Governments.  Originally referred to as "Above the Line R&D Tax Relief", because the payable credit for large companies is now shown above the tax line and can effectively be accounted for as income in the profit and loss statement, RDEC is now the common terminology used for the scheme.

Appropriation bill
An appropriation bill, also known as supply bill or spending bill, is a proposed law that authorizes the expenditure of government funds. It is a bill that sets money aside for specific spending. In some democracies, approval of the legislature is necessary for the government to spend money.

In a Westminster parliamentary system, the defeat of an appropriation bill in a parliamentary vote generally necessitates either the resignation of a government or the calling of a general election. One of the more famous examples of the defeat of a supply bill was the 1975 Australian constitutional crisis, when the Senate, which was controlled by the opposition, refused to approve a package of appropriation and loan bills, prompting Governor-General Sir John Kerr to dismiss Prime Minister Gough Whitlam and appoint Malcolm Fraser as caretaker Prime Minister until the next election (where the Fraser government was elected).
Michael Friisdahl
Michael Friisdahl (born in Roskilde, Denmark) is the former executive chairman of Signature Aviation, a multinational aviation services company. Friisdahl was appointed in February 2022 after previously serving as the president and CEO of Maple Leaf Sports & Entertainment. He was responsible for overseeing MLSE's sports properties which includes ownership of the Toronto Maple Leafs (National Hockey League), Toronto Raptors (National Basketball Association), Toronto FC (Major League Soccer), Toronto Argonauts (Canadian Football League), Toronto Marlies (American Hockey League), Raptors 905 (NBA G League) and Toronto FC II (United Soccer League).

Prior to joining MLSE, Friisdahl served as president and chief executive officer of Air Canada's Leisure Group since it was formed in 2012, combining Air Canada Vacations tour operations with Air Canada Rouge, a vacation and leisure airline subsidiary of Air Canada.

Signature Aviation
Signature Aviation is a multinational aviation services company headquartered in Orlando, Florida. The company was founded as W. Wilson Cobbett Ltd in 1879 and subsequently specialised in the manufacture of industrial supplies, particularly in the automotive and aviation sectors. During World War II, the company produced materials for British military aircraft, such as the Supermarine Spitfire, Hawker Hurricane, and Hawker Typhoon. During the 1980s and 1990s, the firm decided to increasingly orientate itself towards the aviation industry via a string of acquisitions and divestitures. It was listed on the London Stock Exchange until it was acquired by Cascade Investment, Blackstone Group, and private equity firm Global Infrastructure Partners in May 2021.
Guilt (British TV series)
Guilt is a Scottish mystery thriller television series. It was the first drama commission of BBC Scotland. Episodes premiered on that channel before being broadcast across the UK on BBC Two. Written and created by Neil Forsyth, Guilt initially centres on two brothers, played by Mark Bonnar and Jamie Sives, who are involved in a hit and run. The series eventually draws a large cast of characters into an ongoing story.

The first series of Guilt was broadcast in 2019, and the second in the autumn of 2021. A third and final series was released in April 2023. The show was a critical hit and was subsequently broadcast around the world.

Guilt is widely regarded as one of the best ever Scottish television dramas. The New York Times has called it "Scotland's most notable TV drama".

The Herald (Glasgow)
The Herald is a Scottish broadsheet newspaper founded in 1783. The Herald is the longest running national newspaper in the world and is the eighth oldest daily paper in the world. The title was simplified from The Glasgow Herald in 1992. Following the closure of the Sunday Herald, the Herald on Sunday was launched as a Sunday edition on 9 September 2018.
Baie-Trinité
Baie-Trinité (French pronunciation: [bɛ tʁinite]; Village Municipality) is part of the Manicouagan Regional County Municipality, in Côte-Nord region, Quebec province, Canada.

In addition to Baie-Trinité itself, the village municipality also includes the hamlet of Pointe-des-Monts, site of Pointe-des-Monts Lighthouse.

Manicouagan Regional County Municipality
Manicouagan (French pronunciation: [manikwaɡɑ̃]) is a regional county municipality in the Côte-Nord region of Quebec, Canada. It is located on the north shore of the St. Lawrence River with its seat in Baie-Comeau. It was created in 1981, and named after the Manicouagan River.
David Vlahov
David Vlahov (born August 31, 1952) is an American epidemiologist and professor of Nursing at the Yale School of Nursing, Professor of Epidemiology- Microbial Diseases at the Yale School of Public Health and former Dean and Professor at the UCSF School of Nursing. He was also the editor-in-chief of the Journal of Urban Health. In addition, Vlahov has been a member of the National Academy of Medicine since 2011 and appointed as a member of the Interacademy Panel on Urban Health and Wellness. He is known for researching issues related tourban health, infectious diseases, substance use, mental health, community-based participatory research, and social determinants of health, notably work on the effectiveness of needle exchange programs. With Sandro Galea, he has also researched psychological responses to the September 11 attacks among residents of New York City.

Vlahov has edited four books and published over 700 papers with an h-index of 152.

Needle and syringe programmes
A needle and syringe programme (NSP), also known as needle exchange program (NEP), is a social service that allows injection drug users (IDUs) to obtain clean and unused hypodermic needles and associated paraphernalia at little or no cost. It is based on the philosophy of harm reduction that attempts to reduce the risk factors for blood-borne diseases such as HIV/AIDS and hepatitis.
Le Mirail
Le Mirail (French pronunciation: [lə miʁaj]) is a district in Toulouse, France. It was an urban expansion project proposed by the then-mayor Louis Bazerque in 1958, to combat the increasing population, and resulting housing shortage.

In 1962, the Greek-French architect Georges Candilis was given the responsibility of designing the new quarter in Toulouse, along with Shadrach Woods and Alexis Josic.

Finished in 1972, the architectural experiment ended up being around two thirds of its planned size.

One of the largest urban renewal projects (PRU) in the city of Toulouse, that of the Reynerie district, launched in 2019, provides for the demolition of four tripod tower blocks as part of the urban renewal project.

Alexis Josic
Aljoša Josić (Serbian: Аљоша Јосић), known in France as Alexis Josic (Bečej, Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, 24 May 1921 – 10 March 2011) was a French architect.

Son of the Serbian painter Mladen Josić, he studied architecture in Belgrade, graduating in 1948. Due to his opposition to Tito's regime he emigrated to France, where he soon joined Georges Candilis and Shadrach Woods; together they established the practice Candilis-Josic-Woods. They became famous with their projects for Le Mirail, Toulouse, and for the Free University of Berlin.

In 1965 he established the Atelier Josic.