hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Duchess of Northumberland
Some women to have held the title Duchess of Northumberland, as wives of the Duke of Northumberland, include:

First creation

Jane Dudley, Duchess of Northumberland (1508/9–1555), (née Guildford), wife of the duke

Third creation

Elizabeth Percy, Duchess of Northumberland (1716–1776), (née Seymour), wife of the 1st duke

Frances Percy, Duchess of Northumberland (1752–1820), (née Burrell), wife of the 2nd duke

Charlotte Percy, Duchess of Northumberland (1787–1866), (née Clive), wife of the 3rd duke

Eleanor Percy, Duchess of Northumberland (1820–1911), (née Grosvenor), wife of the 4th duke

Helen Percy, Duchess of Northumberland (1886–1965), (née Lennox-Gordon), wife of the 8th duke

Elizabeth Percy, Duchess of Northumberland (1922–2012), (née Montagu Douglas Scott), wife of the 10th duke

Jane Percy, Duchess of Northumberland (born 1958), wife of the 12th duke

Frances Percy, Duchess of Northumberland
Frances Julia Percy, Duchess of Northumberland (née Burrell; 21 December 1752 – 28 April 1820) was the second wife of Hugh Percy, 2nd Duke of Northumberland, and the mother of the 3rd  and 4th Dukes.

Frances was a daughter of the barrister Peter Burrell, of Beckenham, Kent, and his wife, the former Elizabeth Lewis. Her brother was Peter Burrell, 1st Baron Gwydyr, and two of her sisters also married into the aristocracy: Elizabeth, who married the Duke of Hamilton (and later the Marquess of Exeter), and Isabella, who became Countess of Beverley. Isabella's husband, Algernon Percy, was the younger brother of Frances's husband, Hugh Percy.
Rockoff
Rockoff is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Al Rockoff (born 1946), American photojournalist

Dylan Rockoff (born 1994), American singer-songwriter

Jonah Rockoff, American education economist

Al Rockoff
Al Rockoff (born 1946) is an American photojournalist made famous by his coverage of the Vietnam War and of the Khmer Rouge takeover of Phnom Penh, Cambodia's capital. He was portrayed in the Academy Award-winning film The Killing Fields by actor John Malkovich, although he has never been happy with this portrayal. Rockoff was born in Pawtucket, Rhode Island and is of half Russian and half Irish ancestry. After enlisting in the Navy while under age, he subsequently became an Army photographer in South Vietnam.
Minas Hatzisavvas
Minas Hatzisavvas (Greek: Μηνάς Χατζησάββας; 28 January 1947 – 30 November 2015) was a Greek actor. He appeared in many films, television series and theatre plays with great success. He initially studied in France and later at the National Theatre of Greece Drama School in Athens. He played his first role in 1965 in Ancient Theatre of Dodona. It was the role of Paris in Rhesus of Euripides.

His debut in cinema was in 1970. From that point on, he appeared in many films and won four film awards as both a leading and supporting actor for the films Ta Paidia tou Kronou, Kleisti Strofi, Lilly's Story and Worlds apart. He was bestowed with two television awards respectively for the television series I Agapi Argise mia Mera and Nyhterino Deltio.

Prosopa Greek Television Awards
The "Prosopa" Greek Television Awards were annual awards about the Greek television. They were the only notable awards in the history of Greek television, since they lasted thirteen years, covering the most successful period of the Greek television. They began in 1997, organised by Tv Ethnos, a magazine issued by the Greek newspaper Ethnos. The last awards were given in 2009. The next years the awards stopped because the productions of Greek television were limited due to Greek debt crisis. The last years the awards were sponsored by telecommunications company WIND Hellas.

The awards included many categories such as best production, best drama series, best comedy series, best actor, best actress, best screenplay, best director, best journalist, best news reader as well as special awards for people with important presence in Greek arts. Many important personalities from the Greek cinema and television have been honoured such as Thanasis Veggos, Alekos Alexandrakis and others.
Spring Creek (Bourbeuse River tributary)
Spring Creek is a stream in southeastern Franklin County in the U.S. state of Missouri. It is a tributary of Bourbeuse River.

The stream headwaters arise along the north side of Missouri Route 185 approximately one mile west of downtown Sullivan at 38°12′53″N 91°11′47″W﻿ / ﻿38.21472°N 91.19639°W﻿ / 38.21472; -91.19639. The stream flows north passing west of the Long Ridge Conservation Area three miles east of Spring Bluff. It turns northeast to its confluence with the Bourbeuse at 38°20′29″N 91°07′36″W﻿ / ﻿38.34139°N 91.12667°W﻿ / 38.34139; -91.12667 approximately four miles north of Stanton. The stream gains the water of two named springs, Sour Spring west of the conservation area and Kratz Spring north of the conservation area.

Spring Creek was named for the fact its flow is increased by springs along its course.

Spring Bluff, Missouri
Spring Bluff is an unincorporated community in southwest Franklin County, Missouri, United States.

The community sits on a ridge at the intersection of Missouri routes 185 and AC approximately seven miles northwest of Sullivan. An incised meander of the Bourbeuse River lies one mile northwest of the community.
Heteropolymetalate
The heteropolymetalates are a subset of the polyoxometalates, which consist of three or more transition metal oxyanions linked together by shared oxygen atoms to form a closed 3-dimensional molecular framework. In contrast to isopolymetalates, which contain only one kind of metal atom, the heteropolymetalates contain differing main group oxyanions. The metal atoms are usually group 6 (Mo, W) or less commonly group 5 (V, Nb, Ta) transition metals in their highest oxidation states. They are usually colorless to orange, diamagnetic anions. For most heteropolymetalates the W, Mo, or V, is complemented by main group oxyanions phosphate and silicate. Many exceptions to these general statements exist, and the class of compounds includes hundreds of examples.

Oxyanion
An oxyanion, or oxoanion, is an ion with the generic formula AxOz−y (where A represents a chemical element and O represents an oxygen atom). Oxyanions are formed by a large majority of the chemical elements. The corresponding oxyacid of an oxyanion is the compound HzAxOy. The structures of condensed oxyanions can be rationalized in terms of AOn polyhedral units with sharing of corners or edges between polyhedra. The oxyanions (specifically, phosphate and polyphosphate esters) adenosine monophosphate (AMP), adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) are important in biology.
Tullytown, Pennsylvania
Tullytown is a borough in Bucks County, Pennsylvania, United States. Originally a village in Falls Township, Tullytown was partitioned as a borough in 1891. As of the 2020 census, Tullytown had a population of 2,282. Part of Levittown is located in Tullytown.

SEPTA Suburban Division bus routes
The Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority operates or contracts operations of these routes serving points in Bucks, Chester, Delaware, and Montgomery counties, with a few routes operating into the city of Philadelphia. The Suburban Transit Division is broken down into three districts: Victory (Formerly: Red Arrow Division), Frontier, and Contract Operations.
The Old Market, Hove
The Old Market, Hove is a historic (grade II listed) building on the border of Brighton and Hove in England. It has served various functions, currently operating as an independent mixed-arts venue under the name "TOM – The Old Market".

Orbital (band)
Orbital are an English electronic music duo from Dunton Green, Kent, England, consisting of brothers Phil and Paul Hartnoll. The band's name is taken from Greater London's orbital motorway, the M25, which was central to the early rave scene during the early days of acid house. Additionally, the cover art on three of their albums showcase stylised atomic orbitals. Orbital have been critically and commercially successful, known particularly for their live improvisation during shows.
John Dean Provincial Park
ȽÁU,WELṈEW̱/John Dean Provincial Park, formerly John Dean Provincial Park, is a small, densely vegetated provincial park (174 hectares) on the Saanich Peninsula of southern Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. The park is located on and around ȽÁU,WELṈEW̱ (Mount Newton), a mountain in the traditional territory of the Wsanec First Nations, itself situated 20 km north of Victoria, the provincial capital city.

Featuring lush vegetation, the park is noted for its virgin old-growth douglas-fir and western red cedar, with large specimens up to 70 m in height (taller than the tallest tree in the UK and the tallest conifer in all of Europe) and for its rich Coastal Douglas-Fir ecosystem, little of which remains on southern Vancouver Island. About a quarter of the old-growth forest to the north-west lies on the Cole Bay reserve of the Pauquachin First Nation.

Pauquachin First Nation
Pauquachin First Nation (formerly Pak-quw-chin) are a Coast Salish indigenous people whose territory is in the Greater Victoria area of southern Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. Their houses stand between Gordon Head and Cowichan Head. They are one of the five groups of houses or 'families' of Saanich, along with the Tsawout, the Tseycum, the Malahat, the T'sou-ke, and the Tsartlip First Nations. According to a 2016 census, 420 people were recognized as Pauquachin.

Speakers of North Straits Salish, they were organized to meet the requirements of the Indian Act into Pauquachin First Nation. The Pauquachin are members of the Te'Mexw Treaty Association, which conducts treaty negotiations with the governments of Canada and British Columbia for several tribes.
Deaths in September 2002
The following is a list of notable deaths in September 2002.

Entries for each day are listed alphabetically by surname. A typical entry lists information in the following sequence:

Name, age, country of citizenship at birth, subsequent country of citizenship (if applicable), reason for notability, cause of death (if known), and reference.

Social anthropology
Social anthropology is the study of patterns of behaviour in human societies and cultures. It is the dominant constituent of anthropology throughout the United Kingdom and much of Europe, where it is distinguished from cultural anthropology. In the United States, social anthropology is commonly subsumed within cultural anthropology or sociocultural anthropology.
2017 Chiapas earthquake
The 2017 Chiapas earthquake struck at 23:49 CDT on 7 September (local time; 04:49 on the 8th UTC) in the Gulf of Tehuantepec off the southern coast of Mexico near the state of Chiapas, approximately 87 kilometres (54 mi) southwest of Pijijiapan (alternately, 101 kilometres (63 mi) south-southwest of Tres Picos), with a Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent). The moment magnitude was estimated to be Mw 8.2.

The earthquake caused all of Mexico City to tremble, prompting people to evacuate after the early warning system was triggered. It also generated a tsunami with waves 1.75 metres (5 ft 9 in) above tide level; and tsunami alerts were issued for surrounding areas. Mexico's president called it the strongest earthquake recorded in the country in a century. It was also the second strongest recorded in the country's history, behind the magnitude 8.6 earthquake in 1787, the largest recorded globally in 2017 and the largest earthquake worldwide since the 2015 Illapel earthquake.

1787 New Spain earthquake
The 1787 New Spain earthquake, also known as the San Sixto earthquake, occurred on 28 March at 11:30 local time (17:30 UTC). It caused a large tsunami that affected the coast of the Puebla Intendancy (includes the current state of Guerrero) and the Oaxaca Intendancy (currently Oaxaca) in Southwestern New Spain (currently part of Mexico). With an estimated magnitude of 8.6 on the moment magnitude scale, it was more powerful than any instrumentally recorded Mexican earthquake.
Head of Saint John the Baptist (Bellini)
The Head of Saint John the Baptist is a tondo painting by the Italian Renaissance master Giovanni Bellini. It is now housed in the Civic Museum of Pesaro.

The painting depicts the head of the Saint John the Baptist just after his decapitation, with blood still dripping from the neck. The perspective from below show the influence of the treatises about perspectival representation of the human figure which were being published at the time, such as Piero della Francesca's De prospectiva pingendi.

Stylistically, the brilliant colors and the dramatic painting are similar to those of the Saint Vincent Ferrer Altarpiece, the first mature work by Bellini, dated to after 1464.

Tondo (art)
A tondo (pl.: tondi or tondos) is a Renaissance term for a circular work of art, either a painting or a sculpture. The word derives from the Italian rotondo, "round". The term is usually not used in English for small round paintings, but only those over about 60 cm (two feet) in diameter, thus excluding many round portrait miniatures – for sculpture the threshold is rather lower.

A circular or oval relief sculpture is also called a roundel. The infrequently-encountered synonym rondo usually refers to the musical form.
Football records and statistics in Croatia
This page details football records in Croatia. It counts only results and records from 1992 onwards, as that year marked both Croatia's re-admittance into FIFA and the start of the Croatian First Football League. Prior to 1992 Croatian clubs were part of the Football Association of Yugoslavia. Croatia declared independence from Yugoslavia in 1991. In 1993 Croatia was admitted into UEFA.

Croatian Football League
The Hrvatska nogometna liga (pronounced [xř̩ʋaːtskaː nôɡomeːtnaː lǐːɡa]; lit. 'Croatian Football League'), abbreviated as HNL and also known for sponsorship reasons as the SuperSport HNL, is a professional association football league in Croatia and the highest level of the Croatian football league system. Established in 1992, it was previously called Prva Hrvatska nogometna liga (1. HNL; lit. 'First Croatian Football League'), but a league structure reorganization from 2022–23 led to name changes for the three top league levels.
Robert and Bertram (1915 film)
Robert and Bertram (German: Robert und Bertram, die lustigen Vagabunden) is a 1915 German silent comedy film directed by Max Mack and starring Eugen Burg, Ferdinand Bonn and Ernst Lubitsch. It is based on the 1856 Gustav Räder play Robert and Bertram about the adventures of two wandering vagrants, which has been turned into films on several occasions.

It was shot at the Tempelhof Studios in Berlin.

Cinema of Germany
The cinema of Germany can be traced back to the late 19th century. The film industry in Germany made major technical and artistic contributions to early film, broadcasting and television technology. Babelsberg became a household synonym for the early 20th century film industry in Europe, similar to Hollywood later. Early German and German-speaking filmmakers and actors heavily contributed to early Hollywood, many of whom were Jewish refugees fleeing Nazi persecution.

Germany witnessed major changes to its identity during the 20th and 21st century. Those changes determined the periodisation of national cinema into a succession of distinct eras and movements.

German movies and German artists earned 230 Oscar nominations and 54 Oscar wins.
Lucee
Lucee is an open source implementation of a lightweight dynamically-typed scripting language for the Java virtual machine (JVM). 
The language is used for rapid development of web applications that compile directly to Java bytecode, and is compatible with contemporary CFML script and tag language variants, and provides configurable support for legacy CFML.

The Lucee language supports multiple development paradigms, including object orientation with inheritance and interfaces, and functional constructs like higher-order functions, closures, map(), and reduce().

Lucee was created by the Lucee Association Switzerland, and was forked from version 4.2 of the Railo Server, which is not being developed further.

JVM bytecode
JVM bytecode is the instruction set of the Java virtual machine (JVM), the language to which Java and other JVM-compatible source code is compiled. Each instruction is represented by a single byte, hence the name bytecode, making it a compact form of data.

Due to the nature of bytecode, a JVM bytecode program is runnable on any machine with a compatible JVM, without the lengthy process of compiling from source code.

JVM bytecode is used at runtime either interpreted by a JVM or compiled to machine code via just-in-time (JIT) compilation and run as a native application.

As JVM bytecode is designed for a cross-platform compatibility and security, a JVM bytecode application tends to run consistently across various hardware and software configurations.
Eremophila eversa
Eremophila eversa is a flowering plant in the figwort family, Scrophulariaceae and is endemic to a restricted area of Western Australia. It is known from only one plant, now thought to have died. It is a small shrub with small leaves and hairy purple to lilac-coloured flowers.

Scrophulariaceae
The Scrophulariaceae are a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the figwort family.  The plants are annual and perennial herbs, as well as shrubs.  Flowers have bilateral (zygomorphic) or rarely radial  (actinomorphic) symmetry.  The Scrophulariaceae have a cosmopolitan distribution, with the majority found in temperate areas, including tropical mountains.  The family name is based on the name of the included genus Scrophularia L.
Tropylium cation
The tropylium ion or cycloheptatrienyl cation is an aromatic species with a formula of [C7H7]+. Its name derives from the molecule tropine from which cycloheptatriene (tropylidene) was first synthesized in 1881. Salts of the tropylium cation can be stable, even with nucleophiles of moderate strength e.g., tropylium tetrafluoroborate and tropylium bromide (see below). Its bromide and chloride salts can be made from cycloheptatriene and bromine or phosphorus pentachloride, respectively.

It is a regular heptagonal, planar, cyclic ion. It has 6 π-electrons (4n + 2, where n = 1), which fulfills Hückel's rule of aromaticity. It can coordinate as a ligand to metal atoms. The structure shown is a composite of seven resonance contributors in which each carbon atom carries part of the positive charge.

Heptagon
In geometry, a heptagon is a seven-sided polygon or 7-gon.

The heptagon is sometimes referred to as the septagon, using septa- (an elision of septua-), a Latin-derived numerical prefix, rather than hepta-, a Greek-derived numerical prefix (both are cognate), together with the suffix -gon for Greek: γωνἰα, romanized: gonía, meaning angle.
Eckington Mine
Eckington mine was a drift mine situated on the eastern edge of the township of Eckington, Derbyshire, England, 7 miles (11 km) South-West of Sheffield. As of 2011, it was the only colliery in production in North East Derbyshire.

The mine was operated by Eckington Colliery Partnership during whose ownership it produced 25,739 metric tons (25,739,000 kg). In the 12 months leading to March 2007, the workforce was 26. The mine subsequently passed under the ownership of Moorside Mining Co. Ltd.

North East Derbyshire
North East Derbyshire is a local government district in Derbyshire, England. The council is based in the large village of Wingerworth. The district also includes the towns of Dronfield and Clay Cross as well as numerous villages and surrounding rural areas.

The neighbouring districts are Chesterfield (which it almost surrounds), Bolsover, Amber Valley, Derbyshire Dales, Sheffield and Rotherham.
Caesar (video game)
Caesar is a 1992 city-building video game published by Sierra On-Line in which the player undertakes the role of a Roman governor, building ancient Roman cities.

Released in 1992 on the Amiga and ported the following year to Atari ST, PC and Macintosh, the game is similar to SimCity. In addition to similar graphics and user interfaces, it also came with issues of micromanagement, including complicated city-planning requirements such as building the right number of schools, theaters, libraries, bathhouses, and other amenities within suitable distances of residential areas.

An updated version, Caesar Deluxe, was released in 1993 for the Amiga. Caesar spawned three direct sequels and several spin-offs set in other ancient civilizations, which are together known as the City Building series.

Micromanagement (gameplay)
Micromanagement in gaming is the handling of detailed gameplay elements by the player. It appears in a wide range of games and genres, including strategy video games, construction and management simulations, and pet-raising simulations. Micromanagement has been perceived in different ways by game designers and players for a number of years: some perceive it as a useful addition to games that adds options and technique to the gameplay, something that is necessary if the game is to support top-level competitions; some enjoy opportunities to use tactical skill in strategic games; others regard it as an unwelcome distraction from higher levels of strategic thinking and dislike having to do a lot of detailed work. Some developers attempt to minimize micromanagement in a game's interface for this reason.
Maqu County
Maqu County (Chinese: 玛曲县; Tibetan: རྨ་ཆུ་རྫོང་།) is a county of the Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in the south of Gansu province of China, bordering the provinces of Sichuan to the east and southeast, and Qinghai to the southwest, west and northwest. Its postal code is 747300, and in 1999 its population was 36,213 people. The word  "Maqu" derived from the Tibetan name of Yellow River. The area of Maqu County is 10,191 km2 with an average altitude of 3,700 meters. Maqu County receives high rainfall and is located at the northern edge of the Zoigê Marshes on the Yellow River where conditions are optimal for alpine meadow vegetation.

Zoigê Marsh
33°42′N 102°38′E﻿ / ﻿33.700°N 102.633°E﻿ / 33.700; 102.633

The Zoigê Marsh (Chinese: 若尔盖湿地; pinyin: Ruò'ěrgài Shīdì), also known as the Ruo'ergai Marsh or the Songpan Grasslands, is located in the eastern part of the Tibetan Plateau and forms the largest high-altitude marsh area in the world.
Gyger
Gyger is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Hans Conrad Gyger, (1599-1674), Swiss cartographer

Patrick Gyger (born 1971), Swiss historian and writer

Pia Gyger (1940–2014), Swiss Zen master

Rudolf Gyger (1920–1996), Swiss footballer

Walter Gyger, Swiss diplomat

Patrick Gyger
Patrick J. Gyger (born 1971 in São Paulo) is a Swiss historian and writer. His family left Brazil in 1979 and moved to Rolle in Switzerland. He studied medieval history at the University of Lausanne in 1989.
Entomophaga (fungus)
Entomophaga is a genus of entomopathogenic fungi in the Entomophthoraceae family and also the order Entomophthorales. This has been supported by molecular phylogenetic analysis (Gryganskyi et al. 2012).

Well-known species are Entomophaga grylli and Entomophaga maimaiga, which can infect grasshoppers and gypsy moths respectively.

The genus name of Entomophaga was derived from combining two words in the Greek: entomon meaning insect and phaga meaning to eat. The genus was created in 1964 by the Polish mycologist Andrzej Batko (1933 - 1997). He wrote “... to commemorate the international journal Entomophaga devoted to problems of biological control of insect pests.” The journal later ceased publication in 1998 and was replaced by BioControl.

BioControl
BioControl is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Springer Science+Business Media covering all aspects of basic and applied research in biological control of invertebrate, vertebrate, and weed pests, and plant diseases. The journal was established in 1956 as Entomophaga and published by Lavoisier, before moving to Springer and obtaining its current name in 1998. BioControl is published bimonthly. From 1998 to 2006, Heikki Hokkannen was the editor-in-chief. The current editor-in-chief is Eric Wajnberg (INRA, France).