hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Luis Quiñones (weightlifter)
Luis Miguel Quiñones (born 3 January 2001) is a Colombian weightlifter. He won the silver medal in the men's +109 kg event at the 2022 South American Games held in Asunción, Paraguay.

Quiñones won the gold medal in the men's 109 kg event at the 2021 Junior Pan American Games held in Colombia. He competed in the men's +102 kg event at the 2023 Pan American Games held in Santiago, Chile.

Weightlifting at the 2023 Pan American Games – Men's +102 kg
The men's +102 kg competition of the weightlifting events at the 2023 Pan American Games in Santiago, Chile, was held on 24 October at the Gimnasio Chimkowe.

Each lifter performed in both the snatch and clean and jerk lifts, with the final score being the sum of the lifter's best result in each. The athlete received three attempts in each of the two lifts; the score for the lift was the heaviest weight successfully lifted. This weightlifting event was limited to competitors with a minimum of 102 kilograms of body mass.
Hidden algebra
Hidden algebra provides a formal semantics for use in the field of software engineering, especially for concurrent distributed object systems. It supports correctness proofs.

Hidden algebra was studied by Joseph Goguen. It handles features of large software-based systems, including concurrency, distribution, nondeterminism, and local states. It also handled object-oriented features like classes, subclasses (inheritance), attributes, and methods. Hidden algebra generalizes process algebra and transition system approaches.

Bayes error rate
In statistical classification, Bayes error rate is the lowest possible error rate for any classifier of a random outcome (into, for example, one of two categories) and is analogous to the irreducible error.

A number of approaches to the estimation of the Bayes error rate exist. One method seeks to obtain analytical bounds which are inherently dependent on distribution parameters, and hence difficult to estimate. Another approach focuses on class densities, while yet another method combines and compares various classifiers.

The Bayes error rate finds important use in the study  of patterns and machine learning techniques.
Amphicat
The Amphicat (known in Spain as Artés Gato Montés) is a six-wheel-drive, skid-steer amphibious all-terrain vehicle, one of whose developers was Spanish inventor and businessman José Artés de Arcos, whose company produced the model in Spain. Manufactured in the late 1960s through the early 1970s by Mobility Unlimited Inc. of Auburn Hills, Michigan, the product line was purchased by Magna American (a division of "Magna Corporation", unrelated to Magna International) which produced the vehicle in Raymond, Mississippi for several years. The vehicle was also made in Canada by Behoo Industries and differed slightly from its American counterpart, mostly on the transom.

The Canadian version of the Amphicat was featured as the Moon buggy used by Moonbase Alpha personnel in the television series Space: 1999 and the US version as the Banana Splits' cars in the TV show The Banana Splits. It also appeared in the TV series Lancelot Link, Secret Chimp and in an episode of Blake's 7.

Lancelot Link, Secret Chimp
Lancelot Link, Secret Chimp is an American action/adventure comedy television series originally aired Saturday mornings on ABC from September 12, 1970, to January 2, 1971, and rebroadcast the following season. The live-action film series featured a cast of chimpanzees given apparent speaking roles by overdubbing with human voices.
I've Been Killing Slimes for 300 Years and Maxed Out My Level
I've Been Killing Slimes for 300 Years and Maxed Out My Level (Japanese: スライム倒して300年、知らないうちにレベルMAXになってました, Hepburn: Suraimu Taoshite Sanbyaku-nen, Shiranai Uchi ni Reberu Makkusu ni Nattemashita) is a Japanese isekai light novel series written by Kisetsu Morita and illustrated by Benio. It was serialized online since 2016 on the user-generated novel publishing website Shōsetsuka ni Narō and, in the following year, it was acquired by SB Creative, who published the first light novel volume in 2017. The light novel has been licensed in North America by Yen Press, who published the first volume in April 2018. It has received a manga adaptation by Yūsuke Shiba in the same year as its debut of the light novel in Square Enix's Gangan Online website, also licensed by Yen Press. An anime television series adaptation by Revoroot aired from April to June 2021. A second season by Teddy aired from April to June 2025. The series has also spawned various spin-off novels.

Aoi Yūki
Aoi Yabusaki (八武崎 碧, Yabusaki Aoi; born March 27, 1992), better known by her stage name Aoi Yūki (悠木 碧, Yūki Aoi), is a Japanese actress, voice actress and singer represented by Aoni Production. She voiced Nodoka Hanadera/Cure Grace in Healin' Good Pretty Cure, Madoka Kaname in Puella Magi Madoka Magica, Tsuyu Asui in My Hero Academia, Komachi Hikigaya in My Youth Romantic Comedy Is Wrong, As I Expected, Rita Rossweisse in Honkai Impact 3rd, Tanya von Degurechaff in The Saga of Tanya the Evil, Lumine in Genshin Impact, Hibiki Tachibana in Senki Zesshou Symphogear, Diane in The Seven Deadly Sins, Tamaki Kotatsu in Fire Force, the young Murasaki Kuhōin in Kure-nai, Mami Nanami in Rent-A-Girlfriend, Kumoko/Shiraori in So I'm a Spider, So What?, Lucy in Cyberpunk: Edgerunners, Futaba Sakura in Persona 5, Sticks the Badger in Sonic Boom, Maomao in The Apothecary Diaries and Lucy in Ninjala.
Mandasuchus
Mandasuchus is an extinct genus of loricatan pseudosuchian from the Manda Formation of Tanzania, which dates back to the Anisian stage of the Middle Triassic. It was a quadrupedal carnivore with a relatively long neck. Although this genus was first mentioned by Alan Charig in 1956, a formal description was not published until 2018.

Middle Triassic
In the geologic timescale, the Middle Triassic is the second of three epochs of the Triassic period or the middle of three series in which the Triassic system is divided in chronostratigraphy. The Middle Triassic spans the time between 246.7 Ma and 237 Ma (million years ago). It is preceded by the Early Triassic Epoch and followed by the Late Triassic Epoch. The Middle Triassic is divided into the Anisian and Ladinian ages or stages.

Formerly the middle series in the Triassic was also known as Muschelkalk. This name is now only used for a specific unit of rock strata with approximately Middle Triassic age, found in western Europe. The Ashfield Shale and Bringelly Shale of western Sydney date to this epoch, with the former featuring fluvial fossils from that era.
Skin appendage
Skin appendages (or adnexa of skin) are anatomical skin-associated structures that serve a particular function including sensation, contractility, lubrication and heat loss in animals. In humans, some of the more common skin appendages are hairs (sensation, heat loss, filter for breathing, protection), arrector pilli (smooth muscles that pull hairs straight), sebaceous glands (secrete sebum onto hair follicle, which oils the hair), sweat glands (can secrete sweat with strong odour (apocrine) or with a faint odour (merocrine or eccrine), and nails (protection).

Skin appendages are derived from the skin, and are usually adjacent to it.

Nail (anatomy)
A nail is a protective plate characteristically found at the tip of the digits (fingers and toes) of almost all primates (except for marmosets), corresponding to the claws in other tetrapod animals. Fingernails and toenails are made of a tough rigid protein called alpha-keratin, a polymer also found in the claws, hooves, and horns of vertebrates.
Huanchaca mouse
The Huanchaca mouse or Huanchaca akodont  (Juscelinomys huanchacae) is a rodent species in the family Cricetidae. It is known from savannas in an area at an elevation of 700 metres (2,300 ft) in Serrania Huanchaca, Noel Kempff Mercado National Park in eastern Bolivia.

Cricetidae
The Cricetidae are a family of rodents in the large and complex superfamily Muroidea. It includes true hamsters, voles, lemmings, muskrats, and New World rats and mice. At over 870 species, it is either the largest or second-largest family of mammals, and has members throughout the Americas, Europe and Asia.
Stephan von Breuning (entomologist)
Stephan von Breuning (21 November 1894 – 11 March 1983) was an Austrian entomologist who specialised in the study of beetles (coleopterology), particularly within the Carabus, Calosoma and Ceroglossus (all of them are genera of the Carabidae family, also known as ground beetles) and the longhorn family (Cerambycidae).

Coleopterology
Coleopterology (from Coleoptera and Greek -λογία, -logia) is the scientific study of beetles, a branch of entomology. Practitioners are termed coleopterists and form groups of amateurs and professionals for business and pleasure. Among these is The Coleopterists Society, an international organization based in the United States.
Kommunalt foretak
A kommunalt foretak or KF (English: "municipal enterprise") is a Norwegian company type. Specifically the term relates to an undertaking owned by a municipality. An equivalent enterprise owned by a county is known as a fylkeskommunalt foretak or FKF ("county enterprise"). Each KF and FKF has its own separate board of directors and a managing director, but the undertakings are not limited liability companies. Municipalities and counties are also permitted to own limited companies.

If more than one municipality and/or county is the owner, the company is instead classed as an Interkommunalt selskap or IKS (in English: Intermunicipal company). It resembles very closely a Municipal Enterprise (Kommunalt foretak) or County Enterprise, but the IKS requires multiple municipalities and/or counties to be owners. The organization is regulated by the Municipal Act. Typical activities organised as IKS's include waterworks, archives, museums and garbage disposal.

Garbage disposal unit
A garbage disposal unit (also known as a waste disposal unit, food waste disposer (FWD), in-sink macerator, garbage disposer, or garburator) is a device, usually electrically powered, installed under a kitchen sink between the sink's drain and the trap.  The device shreds food waste into pieces small enough—generally less than 2 mm (0.079 in) in diameter—to pass through plumbing.
David Bourdon
David Bourdon (October 15, 1934 – March 27, 1998) was an American art critic and writer. Bourdon was a pioneering writer on the Minimalist movement and was deeply active in the avant-garde Manhattan art scene of the early 1960s. He also wrote about the Earth Art movement in the late 1960s and 1970s. Bourdon was a journalist for numerous magazines such as Life, Artforum International, Art in America, Arts Magazine, Time, and Vogue. He wrote books about artists like Christo, Alexander Calder, Niki de Saint-Phalle, and Andy Warhol. He was the former president of the United States section of the International Association of Art Critics.

Art in America
Art in America (A.i.A.) is an illustrated quarterly, international magazine concentrating on the contemporary art world in the United States, including profiles of artists and genres, updates about art movements, show reviews and event schedules. It is designed for collectors, artists, art dealers, art professionals and other readers interested in the art world.

Previously a monthly publication, the magazine scaled back to quarterly issues in the 2020s after ownership changes and a merger with the publication ARTnews. Articles from Art in America are published online on the ARTnews website.
Senate district 30 – Kladno
Senate district 30 – Kladno is an electoral district of the Senate of the Czech Republic, located in parts of the Kladno and Prague-West districts. From 2020 onwards, Adéla Šípová, an Pirates member, is the Senator for the district.

Senate of the Czech Republic
The Senate (Czech: Senát Parlamentu České republiky, lit. 'Senate of the Parliament of the Czech Republic') is the upper house of the Parliament of the Czech Republic. The seat of the Senate is Wallenstein Palace in Prague.
2024 Grand Prix Hassan II – Singles
Matteo Berrettini defeated the defending champion Roberto Carballés Baena in the final,  7–5, 6–2 to win the singles tennis title at the 2024 Grand Prix Hassan II. It was his first ATP Tour title in two years, and his eighth overall.

David Goffin
David Goffin (French pronunciation: [david ɡɔfɛ̃]; born 7 December 1990) is a Belgian professional tennis player. He achieved a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 7, making him the highest-ranked male player from Belgium in tennis history and also the first and only Belgian man to be ranked in the Top 10. He is currently the No. 3 Belgian player.

Goffin has won six ATP titles and reached nine other finals, most notably at the 2017 ATP Finals.
Goffin's breakthrough came at the 2012 French Open, where he was a lucky loser making his major debut. He reached the fourth round before losing to Roger Federer in four sets. Goffin has since reached four major quarterfinals, at the 2016 French Open, and the 2017 Australian Open, and the 2019 and 2022 Wimbledon Championships. At the 2017 ATP Finals, Goffin defeated Dominic Thiem, world No. 1 Rafael Nadal and world No. 2 Roger Federer en route to the final where he lost to Grigor Dimitrov.
Ivan Kalyayev
Ivan Platonovich Kalyayev (Russian: Ива́н Плато́нович Каля́ев; 6 July 1877 – 23 May 1905) was a Russian poet, a member of the Socialist-Revolutionary Party. He is best known for his role in the assassination of Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich, which was an operation of the SR Combat Organization. Arrested at the scene, Kalyayev was convicted of murder and hanged.

Yaroslavl
Yaroslavl (/ˌjærəˈslævəl/; Russian: Ярославль, IPA: [jɪrɐˈsɫavlʲ]) is a city and the administrative center of Yaroslavl Oblast, Russia, located 250 kilometers (160 mi) northeast of Moscow. The historic part of the city is a World Heritage Site, and is located at the confluence of the Volga and the Kotorosl rivers. It is part of the Golden Ring, a group of historic cities northeast of Moscow that have played an important role in Russian history. The population of the city at the 2021 census was 577,279.
Veraguas Club Deportivo
Veraguas C.D. is a Panamanian football team playing at the Liga Panameña de Fútbol. It is based in Santiago de Veraguas and it has been in the LPF League since the 2021 season, part of the league's twelve team expansion project.

Copa Rommel Fernández
The Copa Rommel Fernández is the third level of Panama's  national club championship. It was founded in 1996 and it is a seasonal tournament that lasts 2 months in which the champion is promoted to Liga Nacional de Ascenso. The tournament is named after Panamanian football legend Rommel Fernández. The tournament is presided by Lucas Fernández and managed by Panamanian Football Federation.

Since the championship is seasonal only, at the end of each competition each of the teams (except the champions) are relegated to their respective district leagues where they compete to earn a spot for the following season. Additionally, the team relegated from the Liga Nacional de Ascenso automatically holds a spot to compete in the Copa Rommel Fernández after the end of the second division championship.
Louise L. Chase
Louise L. Chase (née Bond; September 2, 1840 – September 19, 1906) was an American social reformer. She was elected president of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union (W.C.T.U.) of Middletown, Rhode Island, and elected president of the Woman's Foreign Missionary Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church in Newport, Rhode Island.

Middletown, Rhode Island
Middletown is a town in Newport County, Rhode Island, United States. The population was 17,075 at the 2020 census. It lies to the south of Portsmouth and to the north of Newport on Aquidneck Island, hence the name "Middletown."
Qeerroo
Oromo National Youth Movement for Freedom and Democracy (ONYMFD), popularly known as Qeerroo, is a social movement organized with ideology of Oromo nationalism in Ethiopia. In traditional Oromo culture the term means "bachelor" or youth but within the political movement that shares the same name, it symbolizes the Oromo struggle for increased political freedom, greater ethnic representation in government, "... an entire generation of newly assertive Ethiopian youth,".

The BBC has described Qeerroo as being Ethiopia's National Youth Movement for Freedom and Democracy, which calls itself Qeerroo Bilisummaa Oromoo.

Oromo nationalism
Oromo nationalism (Oromo: Oromummaa) is an ethnic nationalism advocating the self-interest of Oromo people in Ethiopia and Kenya. Many Oromo elites, intellectuals and political leaders struggled to create an independent Oromia state throughout 19th and 20th century, since the start of Abyssinian colonialism under Emperor Menelik II. No consensus has been reached yet regarding the motives of this type of nationalism, whether the Oromos liberate themselves to form a nation-state or offer self-determination in federal Ethiopia.

Oromo nationalism is viewed as opposite of the Ethiopian nationalism like other forms of ethnic nationalism, which support civic nationalism and pan-Ethiopianism. It is also accused of fomenting various conflicts within Ethiopia and increasing anti-Amhara sentiments.
1909 Croydon by-election
The 1909 Croydon by-election was held on 29 March 1909.  The by-election was held due to the death of the incumbent Liberal Unionist MP, H. O. Arnold-Forster.  It was won by the Conservative candidate Robert Hermon-Hodge.

UK parliamentary by-elections
In the United Kingdom, a parliamentary by-election occurs following a vacancy arising in the House of Commons. They are often seen as a test of the rival political parties' fortunes between general elections.
Coal preparation plant
A coal preparation plant (CPP; known as a coal handling and preparation plant (CHPP), coal handling plant, prep plant, Coal Washery, tipple or wash plant) is a facility that washes coal of soil and rock, crushes it into graded sized chunks (sorting), stockpiles grades preparing it for transport to market, and more often than not, also loads coal into rail cars, barges, or ships.

The more of this waste material that can be removed from coal, the lower its total ash content, the greater its market value and the lower its transportation costs.

Cost
Cost is the value of money that has been used up to produce something or deliver a service, and hence is not available for use anymore. In business, the cost may be one of acquisition, in which case the amount of money expended to acquire it is counted as cost. In this case, money is the input that is gone in order to acquire the thing. This acquisition cost may be the sum of the cost of production as incurred by the original producer, and further costs of transaction as incurred by the acquirer over and above the price paid to the producer. Usually, the price also includes a mark-up for profit over the cost of production.

More generalized in the field of economics, cost is a metric that is totaling up as a result of a process or as a differential for the result of a decision.  Hence cost is the metric used in the standard modeling paradigm applied to economic processes.

Costs (pl.) are often further described based on their timing or their applicability.
1999 U.S. Sports Car Classic
The 1999 U.S. Road Racing Classic was the third and final race of the 1999 United States Road Racing Championship season. It took place on June 6, 1999, at Mid-Ohio Sports Car Course. 
The final two rounds of the season were cancelled due to a lack of entries in the top class (CA), which effectively made this race the finale.

The race was won by the team of Andy Wallace and James Weaver.

Dyson Racing
Dyson Racing is a professional sports car racing team based in Poughkeepsie, New York in the United States. Founded by Rob Dyson in 1974, the team competed successfully in North American sports car racing series, including the IMSA GT Championship and American Le Mans Series.
2000 Mall.com 400
The 2000 Mall.com 400 was the fifth stock car race of the 2000 NASCAR Winston Cup Series and the 44th iteration of the event. The race was held on Sunday, March 19, 2000, in Darlington, South Carolina, at Darlington Raceway, a 1.366 miles (2.198 km) permanent egg-shaped oval racetrack. The race took the scheduled 293 laps to complete. At race's end, Bill Davis Racing's Ward Burton dominated the late laps of the race to take his second career NASCAR Winston Cup Series victory, his only victory of the season, and his first victory in 131 races. To fill out the top three, Robert Yates Racing's Dale Jarrett and Richard Childress Racing's Dale Earnhardt finished second and third, respectively.

Dale Jarrett
Dale Arnold Jarrett (born November 26, 1956) is an American former race car driver and current racing commentator for NBC. He is best known for winning the Daytona 500 three times (in 1993, 1996, and 2000) and winning the NASCAR Winston Cup Series championship in 1999. He is the son of 2-time Grand National Champion Ned Jarrett, younger brother of Glenn Jarrett, father of former driver Jason Jarrett, and cousin of Todd Jarrett. In 2007, Jarrett joined the ESPN/ABC broadcasting team as an announcer in select Nationwide Series races. In 2008, after retiring from driving following the 2008 Food City 500, he joined ESPN permanently as the lead racing analyst replacing Rusty Wallace. In 2015, Jarrett became a part of the NBC Sports Broadcasting Crew for NASCAR events. He was inducted in the 2014 class of the NASCAR Hall of Fame and the Motorsports Hall of Fame of America in 2025.
Thermal decomposition
Thermal decomposition, or thermolysis, is a chemical decomposition of a substance caused by heat. The decomposition temperature of a substance is the temperature at which the substance chemically decomposes. The reaction is usually endothermic  as heat is required to break chemical bonds in the compound undergoing decomposition. If decomposition is sufficiently exothermic, a positive feedback loop is created producing thermal runaway and possibly an explosion or other chemical reaction.

Explosion
An explosion is a rapid expansion in volume of a given amount of matter associated with an extreme outward release of energy, usually with the generation of high temperatures and release of high-pressure gases. Explosions may also be generated by a slower expansion that would normally not be forceful, but is not allowed to expand, so that when whatever is containing the expansion is broken by the pressure that builds as the matter inside tries to expand, the matter expands forcefully. An example of this is a volcanic eruption created by the expansion of magma in a magma chamber as it rises to the surface. Supersonic explosions created by high explosives are known as detonations and travel through shock waves. Subsonic explosions are created by low explosives through a slower combustion process known as deflagration.
Tobi 9
Tobi 8 – Coptic calendar – Tobi 10

The ninth day of the Coptic month of Tobi, the fifth month of the Coptic year. On a common year, this day corresponds to January 4, of the Julian calendar, and January 17, of the Gregorian calendar. This day falls in the Coptic season of Peret, the season of emergence.

Tobi (month)
Tobi (Coptic: Ⲧⲱⲃⲓ, Tōbi), also known as Tybi (Ancient Greek: Τυβί, Tybí) and Tubah (Arabic: طوبه), is the fifth month of the ancient Egyptian and Coptic calendars. It lies between January 9 and February 7 of the Gregorian calendar.

The month of Tobi is also the first month of the season of Proyet (Growth and Emergence) in Ancient Egypt, where the Nile floods recede and the crops start to grow throughout the land of Egypt.