hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Centerville Beach Cross
The Centerville Beach Cross is a monument that commemorates the 17 passengers and 21 crew members who died in the shipwreck of the SS Northerner on January 6, 1860. The vessel, owned by the Pacific Mail Steamship Company, struck a rock near Cape Mendocino and wrecked near Centerville Beach, in Humboldt County, California. The monument is registered as California Historical Landmark # 173.

Cape Mendocino
Cape Mendocino (Spanish: Cabo Mendocino, meaning "Cape of Mendoza"), which is located approximately 200 miles (320 km) north of San Francisco, is located on the Lost Coast entirely within Humboldt County, California, United States. At 124° 24' 34" W longitude, it is the westernmost point on the coast of California. The South Cape Mendocino State Marine Reserve and Sugarloaf Island are immediately offshore, although closed to public access due to their protected status. Sugarloaf Island is cited as California's westernmost island.
Centreville, British Columbia
Centreville is a ghost town in the Cassiar Land District of British Columbia, Canada, northwest of the junction of McDame Creek and the Dease River.  It contained cabins and stores, and was a trading centre for miners working on McDame Creek in the 1800s.

McDame Creek
McDame Creek is a creek in Cassiar Land District of British Columbia, Canada. The creek flows southeast into the Dease River and is south of Good Hope Lake. The creek was discovered in 1874 by a prospector named Harry McDame.: 168  McDame Creek was mined for gold in the 19th century. A camp, called Centreville, contained cabins and stores and served as a trading centre for miners working on McDame Creek in the 19th century. In 1877, a 72-ounce (2.04-kg) solid gold nugget, valued at $1,300, was found in McDame Creek. The solid gold nugget was found by a prospector named Al Freeman. This nugget was found roughly where 1st N. Fork Creek flows into McDame Creek. This was the largest found in the province until the Atlin gold rush by 1899, where an 88 ounce nugget was found at Spruce Creek.
Arthur De Wint Foote
Arthur De Wint Foote (1849–1933) was an American civil engineer and mining engineer who impacted the development of the American West with his innovative engineering works and entrepreneurial ventures. In Northern California in the late 1890s, he designed and built the North Star Mine Powerhouse, the highest capacity impulse-turbine power-plant of the time, and now a California historic landmark; within that plant he designed and installed the then-largest Pelton wheel turbine. Later, he designed and built Foote's Crossing, a high bridge, and Foote's Crossing Road, both now memorialized as California and U.S. landmarks.

Wallace Stegner
Wallace Earle Stegner (February 18, 1909 – April 13, 1993) was an American novelist, writer, environmentalist, and historian. He was often called "The Dean of Western Writers". He won the Pulitzer Prize in 1972 and the U.S. National Book Award in 1977.
Neville Samarakoon
Neville Dunbar Mirahawatte Samarakoon, Q.C. (22 October 1919 – 1990) was a Sri Lankan lawyer, who served as the 36th Chief Justice of Sri Lanka from 1977 to 1984. His father was A. C. W. Samarakoon and his mother was Chandrawathi Mirahawatte Kumarihamy.

He was educated at Trinity College, Kandy, then at University College, Colombo and the Law College, Colombo. He began work as an advocate in 1945, and worked as a Crown Counsel from 1948 to ?195, when he returned to private work. He was made Queen's Counsel in 1968. From 1964 to 1977 he was a member of the Bar Council, and sat on the Disciplinary Board for Lawyers from 1971 to 1974, then again in 1976 and 1977.

He was appointed Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Sri Lanka in 1977, a post he would hold until retiring in 1984. He was succeeded by Suppiah Sharvananda.

Trinity College, Kandy
Trinity College, Kandy is a private Anglican boys' school located in Kandy, Sri Lanka. It offers both day and boarding facilities. It was founded in 1872 by British Anglican missionaries of the Church Missionary Society, modelled on British public school tradition. Trinity offers primary and secondary education and is managed by the Anglican Church of Ceylon.
Ranquil massacre
The Ranquil massacre (Spanish: matanza de Ránquil) was a massacre of forestry workers by the Chilean Army in the upper Bio-Bio River in 1934. The upper Bio-Bio region had recently been opened for Chilean and foreign settlers due to the occupation of the Araucania, and huge extensions of former Mapuche land were available. The workers rebelled against the lumber mill administrators, later the Chilean Army was called to restore order. 477 workers, many of them Mapuches, were killed as result. Around 500 prisoners were taken.

Massacre
A massacre is an event of killing defenseless human beings or other animals. It is generally used to describe a targeted mass killing of civilians by an armed group. It can also be used figuratively to refer to a one-sided exchange between armed groups. The word is a loan of a French term for "butchery" or "carnage". Other terms with overlapping scope include war crime, pogrom, mass killing, mass murder, and extrajudicial killing.
Battle of Liyang
The Battle of Liyang, fought between October 202 and June 203 in the late Eastern Han dynasty, was an invasion attempt by the warlord Cao Cao against the brothers Yuan Shang and Yuan Tan, the sons of Cao's rival Yuan Shao. The battle in October 202 was the first between the two factions since the death of Yuan Shao four months earlier. Although it ended in Cao Cao's withdrawal, events in this battle brought tensions between the Yuan brothers to the surface as Yuan Tan mutinied against his younger brother Yuan Shang after Cao Cao's temporary exit from the scene.

Rafe de Crespigny
Richard Rafe Champion de Crespigny (born 1936), also known by his Chinese name Zhang Leifu (Chinese: 張磊夫), is an Australian sinologist and historian. He is an honorary professor in the College of Asia and the Pacific at the Australian National University. He specialises in the history, geography and literature of the Han dynasty, particularly the translation and historiography of material concerning the Han dynasty and the Three Kingdoms period.
Dronamraju
Dronamraju (Telugu: ద్రోణంరాజు) is a Telugu surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Dronamraju Krishna Rao (1937–2020), Indian geneticist

Dronamraju Satyanarayana (1933–2006), Indian politician

Dronamraju Krishna Rao
Dronamraju Krishna Rao (14 January 1937 – 3 December 2020) was an Indian-born geneticist and president of the Foundation for Genetic Research in Houston, Texas. He was born in Pithapuram, in the state of Andhra Pradesh, India. One focus of his work has been the research of his mentor J. B. S. Haldane. As an author, his name is usually rendered Krishna R. Dronamraju. He died in Houston at age 83.
Graves' Battery
Graves' Artillery Battery, also known as [Kentucky] Issaquena Artillery Battery, was organized as a Confederate States Army artillery battery from Mississippi and Kentucky (mainly Kentucky) on November 8, 1861. During its formation, as a still understrength battery, the first commander was Captain Selden Spencer. In December, at Bowling Green, Kentucky, then Confederate Army Brigadier General (CSA) John C. Breckinridge chose Captain Rice E. Graves, Jr., as captain of the new battery to be attached to the 2nd Kentucky Infantry Regiment and assigned to his division. The unit was first assigned to Reserve, 1st Geographical Division, Department #2. Then the regiment was assigned to the Kentucky Brigade, Army of Middle Tennessee, Department #2 in October–November 1862. In November 1862, the regiment was assigned to the Kentucky Brigade, Breckinridge's Division, 1st Corps, Army of Tennessee in November 1862, nicknamed the "Orphan Brigade".

Army of Tennessee
The Army of Tennessee was a field army of the Confederate States Army in the Western Theater of the American Civil War. Named for the Confederate state of Tennessee, It was formed late in 1862 in Tennessee and fought until the end of the civil war, participating in most of the significant battles in the Western Theater.
Xanthoparmelia waboomsbergensis
Xanthoparmelia waboomsbergensis is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It was formally described as a new species in 2002 by Australian lichenologist John Elix. The type specimen was collected from the summit of Waboomsberg mountain (Cape Province) at an altitude of 1,220 m (4,000 ft). The species epithet refers to the type locality, the only place the lichen is known to occur.

Cape Province
The Province of the Cape of Good Hope (Afrikaans: Provinsie Kaap die Goeie Hoop), commonly referred to as "the Cape Province" (Afrikaans: Kaapprovinsie) and colloquially as "The Cape" (Afrikaans: Die Kaap), was a province in the Union of South Africa and subsequently the Republic of South Africa. It encompassed the old Cape Colony, as well as Walvis Bay, and had Cape Town as its capital. In 1994, the Cape Province was divided into the new Eastern Cape, Northern Cape and Western Cape provinces, along with part of the North West.
Regulatory Reform (Execution of Deeds and Documents) Order 2005
The Regulatory Reform (Execution of Deeds and Documents) Order 2005 (SI 2005/1906) is a statutory instrument applicable in England and Wales which was issued by the Lord Chancellor and signed by Baroness Catherine Ashton, then a minister in the Department of Constitutional Affairs. It reformed the legislation governing the execution of deeds and documents in order to standardise the formal requirements for companies, corporations and individuals.

It made amendments to the Law of Property Act 1925, the Companies Act 1985 and the Law of Property (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1989.

Like other England and Wales Regulatory Reform Orders, it was made through the exercise of powers available under the Regulatory Reform Act 2001.

Law of Property Act 1925
The Law of Property Act 1925 (15 & 16 Geo. 5. c. 20) is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It forms part of an interrelated programme of legislation introduced by Lord Chancellor Lord Birkenhead between 1922 and 1925 that was intended to modernise the English law of real property. It is often referred to as the LPA 1925.

The act, as amended, provides the core of modern English land law, particularly as regards many aspects of freehold land which is itself an important consideration in all other types of interest in land.
July 29 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
July 28 - Eastern Orthodox Church calendar - July 30

All fixed commemorations below are celebrated on August 11 by Old Calendar.

For July 29th, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on July 16.

Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar
The Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar describes and dictates the rhythm of the life of the Eastern Orthodox Church. Passages of Holy Scripture, saints and events for commemoration are associated with each date, as are many times special rules for fasting or feasting that correspond to the day of the week or time of year in relationship to the major feast days.

There are two types of feasts in the Orthodox Church calendar: fixed and movable. Fixed feasts occur on the same calendar day every year, whereas movable feasts change each year. The moveable feasts are generally relative to Pascha (Easter), and so the cycle of moveable feasts is referred to as the Paschal cycle.
Baungon
Baungon, officially the Municipality of Baungon (Bukid and Higaonon: Banuwa ta Baungon; Cebuano: Lungsod sa Baungon; Tagalog: Bayan ng Baungon), is a  municipality in the province of Bukidnon, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 39,151 people.

Bukid language
The Bukid language, Binukid, Binokid or Bukidnon, is an Austronesian language spoken by indigenous peoples of Northern Mindanao in the southern Philippines. The word Bukid means 'mountain' or 'highland' while Binukid means 'in the manner, or style, of the mountain or highland'. In Bukidnon province, it is referred to as Higaonon.
Amphidromus hongdaoae
Amphidromus hongdaoae is a species of medium-sized air-breathing tree snail, an arboreal gastropod mollusk in the family Camaenidae.

Subspecies

Amphidromus hongdaoae hongdaoae Thach, 2017

Amphidromus hongdaoae vuanhae Thach, 2021

Camaenidae
Camaenidae is a family of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Helicoidea, the typical snails and their allies. This is one of the most diverse families in the clade Stylommatophora.

These snails occur in a wide variety of habitats in the tropics of Eastern Asia and Australasia.

A large American group, which is mainly represented by species from the Caribbean, has, until recently, also been subsumed under the Camaenidae. However, latest molecular phylogenetic studies showed that these species represent a different family, the Pleurodontidae.

This molecular study also implies that the Bradybaeninae, previously treated as a distinct family within the Helicoidea, is a junior synonym of the Camaenidae.
20th Youth in Film Awards
The 20th Youth in Film Awards ceremony (now known as the Young Artist Awards), presented by the Youth in Film Association, honored outstanding youth performers under the age of 21 in the fields of film and television for the 1997–1998 season, and took place on March 6, 1999, at the Sportsmen's Lodge in Studio City, California.   The hosts for the ceremony that evening were Jena Malone, R.J. Arnett, Roland Thomson, Justin Thomsom, Selwyn Ward and Tracy Lynn Cruz.

Established in 1978 by long-standing Hollywood Foreign Press Association member, Maureen Dragone, the Youth in Film Association was the first organization to establish an awards ceremony specifically set to recognize and award the contributions of performers under the age of 21 in the fields of film, television, theater and music.

Young Artist Award
The Young Artist Award (originally known as the Youth in Film Award) is an accolade presented by the Young Artist Foundation, an American nonprofit organization founded in 1978 to honor excellence of youth performers, and to provide scholarships for young artists who may be physically disabled or financially unstable.

First presented in 1979, the Young Artist Awards was the first organization established to specifically recognize and award the contributions of performers under the age of 18 in the fields of film, television, theater, and music.

The 1st Youth In Film Awards ceremony was held in October 1979, at the Sheraton Universal Hotel in Hollywood to honor outstanding young performers of the 1978/1979 season.
Sidhu (musician)
Siddhartha Sankar "Sidhu" Ray is an Indian singer, lyricist, composer, playback writer, and actor from Kolkata, West Bengal. He is a producer of the Bangla Rock genre. Prior to pursuing his career in music, Ray left his dream profession of being a doctor at and formed the band Cactus, of which he is the frontman. The band offered a new genre in the Bengali music scene—a Bengali rock band. Songs like "Holud Paakhi" have become a household name. Ray also hosted quiz shows as a quiz master, presented in a musical game show, and a singer as a soloist in many Bengali films. Since then, he has gone on to compose, write lyrics, and sing for his band. In 2003, he and his band made their debut in Tollywood (Bengali cinema), composing songs for Nil Nirjane. They won the Mirchi Music Awards Bangla several times.

Cactus (Indian band)
Cactus (Bengali: ক্যাকটাস) is an Indian Bengali rock band from Kolkata, West Bengal, India. Since inception they have recorded five full-length studio albums and have performed over 2500 concerts across India & abroad.
Lugnagullagh
Lugnagullagh is a townland in County Westmeath, Ireland. It is located about 635 kilometres (395 mi) north–west of Mullingar.

Lugnagullagh is one of 11 townlands of the civil parish of Tyfarnham in the barony of Corkaree in the Province of Leinster. The townland covers 69.39 acres (0.2808 km2).

The neighbouring townlands are: Scurlockstown to the north and east, Ballard to the south–east, Ballyboy to the south, Slane Beg to the west and Johnstown to the north–west.

In the 1911 census of Ireland there were 2 houses and 6 inhabitants in the townland.

1911 census of Ireland
The 1911 census of Ireland was the last census that covered the whole island of Ireland and of the 26 counties that form the Republic of Ireland. Censuses were taken at ten-year intervals from 1821 onwards, but the 1921 census was cancelled due to the Irish War of Independence.

The original records of the 1821 to 1851 censuses were destroyed by fire at the Four Courts in Dublin during the Irish Civil War, while those between 1861 and 1891 were possibly pulped during the First World War. All that remained were the 1901 and 1911 census, with the latter put online in 2009 by the National Archives of Ireland.
Forts (video game)
Forts is a 2D real-time strategy video game developed and published by Australian studio EarthWork Games. It was released on April 19, 2017. Forts started development in March, 2003, as a game originally based on early bridge building games. Forts had sold over a million copies as of March 9, 2022. In Forts, the player builds a base, defends it, and acquires weapons through tech trees in an attempt to destroy the opponent's reactor.

The game has been reviewed by CG Magazine and Kotaku, the former of which described Forts's gameplay as being similar to the Worms series.

HUD (video games)
In video games, the HUD (heads-up display) is the method by which information is visually displayed to the player as part of a game's user interface. It takes its name from the head-up displays used in modern aircraft.: 193

The HUD is frequently used to simultaneously display several pieces of information including the player character's health points, items, and an indication of game progression (such as score or level). A HUD may also include elements to aid a player's navigation in the virtual space, such as a mini-map.
Dukhan / Tamim Airbase
Dukhan / Tamim Airbase is a new air base built for the Qatar Emiri Air Force in 2018 near Dukhan. The facility's name is in honour of the Emir of Qatar Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani. It is the country's third and newest air base. The facility is not Dukhan Airport, a civilian airport built in 1930 and made obsolete in 1959 when Doha International Airport was opened.

The airbase received five of the air force's order of 36 Dassault Rafale jet fighters in June 2019, though the base was not completely operational at the time.

Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani
Tamim bin Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani (Arabic: تميم بن حمد بن خليفة آل ثاني, romanized: Tamīm bin Ḥamad bin Khalīfa Āl Thānī; born 3 June 1980) has reigned as the Emir of Qatar since 25 June 2013, succeeding his father, Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani. Born in Doha, he is the fourth son of the former Emir and his second wife, Moza bint Nasser. Tamim became heir apparent in 2003 after his older brother Sheikh Jassim renounced his claim to the throne.
Sam M. Walton College of Business
The Sam M. Walton College of Business (Walton College or Walton) is the business school at the University of Arkansas, a public research university in Fayetteville, Arkansas. Created in 1926, the college is the largest college at the University of Arkansas, serving nearly 10,000 students. Walton College offers undergraduate, master's, executive education, and doctoral programs and is known nationally for its strong programs in retail, entrepreneurship, information systems, and supply chain management. U.S. News & World Report consistently ranks Walton College among the top business schools in the country. The college has a close relationship with Walmart Stores, Inc., based in nearby Bentonville, Arkansas, and related vendor community.

Doug McMillon
Carl Douglas McMillon (born October 17, 1966) is an American businessman who was the president and chief executive officer (CEO) of Walmart from 2014 to 2026 when he retired. He also sits on the retailer's board of directors. McMillon first joined the company as a summer associate in high school, and he previously led the company's Sam's Club division, from 2005 to 2009, and Walmart International, from 2009 to 2013.
Cam Neely
Cameron Michael Neely (born June 6, 1965) is a Canadian professional ice hockey executive and former player. He played right wing for the Vancouver Canucks and Boston Bruins of the National Hockey League (NHL) from 1983 to 1996. Neely was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 2005. He has been the president of the Bruins since 2010, and won the Stanley Cup in 2011.

1990–91 NHL season
The 1990–91 NHL season was the 74th season of the National Hockey League. The Stanley Cup winners were the Pittsburgh Penguins, who won the best of seven series 4–2 against the Minnesota North Stars to claim their first championship. This was the last NHL season to end in May.
Agnes Dordzie
Agnes Mercy Abla Dordzie is a Ghanaian judge. She was an active justice of the Supreme Court of Ghana until October 2022. She was appointed justice of the Supreme Court in 2018.

Dordzie was born in Taviefe-Deme in the Volta Region. After her studies at the Ghana School of Law, she was called to the bar. She worked as a state attorney and a private legal practitioner prior to serving on the bench. She has served on the bench from magistrate level to the Supreme Court of Ghana.

Koforidua
Koforidua, also popularly known as K.dua or Koftown is a city and the capital of the Eastern Region of Ghana. The city has an estimated population of 151,255 people as of 2025. The city is a blend of colonial and modern architecture.

Koforidua serves as the commercial centre for the Eastern region. The city is home to many businesses, with the exception of heavy-duty industries. The city is home to Intravenous Infusions Limited, one of the oldest pharmaceutical companies in West Africa. The recent construction of the four-lane highway road linking the Koforidua Technical University and Koforidua to Oyoko brings commerce to the city. The highway also serves as a valid alternative route to reach Kumasi. Koforidua today is a multi-ethnic city with people from various ethnic groups in Ghana calling the city their home.

On 6th March 2024, Koforidua played host to the celebration of the 67th anniversary of the independence of Ghana.
2024 Libéma Open – Women's singles
Liudmila Samsonova defeated Bianca Andreescu in the final, 4–6, 6–3, 7–5 to win the women's singles tennis title at the 2024 Libéma Open.

Ekaterina Alexandrova was the two-time defending champion, but lost in the semifinals to Samsonova.

Dalma Gálfi
Dalma Rebeka Gálfi (born 13 August 1998) is a Hungarian professional tennis player.
On 12 September 2022, she reached a career-high singles ranking of world No. 79. On 19 September 2022, she peaked at No. 126 in the WTA doubles rankings. Gálfi has won two singles titles on the WTA Challenger Tour as well as nine singles and ten doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit.
Musetti
Musetti is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Lorenzo Musetti (born 2002), Italian tennis player

Riccardo Musetti (born 1983), Italian footballer

Valentino Musetti (born 1943), Italian-born English stunt performer and racing driver

Lorenzo Musetti
Lorenzo Musetti (Italian pronunciation: [loˈrɛntso muˈzetti]; born 3 March 2002) is an Italian professional tennis player. He has been ranked by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) as high as world No. 5 in singles and No. 85 in doubles, both achieved on 12 January 2026. Musetti has won two ATP Tour titles in singles and one in doubles. He has reached the quarterfinals at all four majors, and made two semifinal appearances at the 2024 Wimbledon Championships and 2025 French Open.

Representing his country, Musetti won the bronze medal in men's singles at the 2024 Olympic Games. He was part of the Italian team that won the Davis Cup in 2023 and 2024.