hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Criminalization
Criminalization or criminalisation, in criminology, is "the process by which behaviors and individuals are transformed into crime and criminals". Previously legal acts may be transformed into crimes by legislation or judicial decision. However, there is usually a formal presumption in the rules of statutory interpretation against the retrospective application of laws, and only the use of express words by the legislature may rebut this presumption. The power of judges to make new law and retrospectively criminalise behaviour is also discouraged. In a less overt way, where laws have not been strictly enforced, the acts prohibited by those laws may also undergo de facto criminalization through more effective or committed legal enforcement.  The process of criminalization takes place through societal institutions including schools, the family, and the criminal justice system.

Regulation
Regulation is the management of complex systems according to a set of rules and trends. In systems theory, these types of rules exist in various fields of biology and society, but the term has slightly different meanings according to context. For example:

in government, typically regulation (or its plural) refers to the delegated legislation which is adopted to enforce primary legislation; including land-use regulation

in economy: regulatory economics

in finance: financial regulation

in business, industry self-regulation occurs through self-regulatory organizations and trade associations which allow industries to set and enforce rules with less government involvement; and,

in biology, gene regulation and metabolic regulation allow living organisms to adapt to their environment and maintain homeostasis;

in psychology, self-regulation theory is the study of how individuals regulate their thoughts and behaviors to reach goals.
Charlton Leland
Charlton Leland, also known as the Dr. E.B Goelet House and Saluda Inn, is a historic home located at Saluda, Polk County, North Carolina.  It was built about 1896, as a 2+1⁄2-story, Queen Anne style frame dwelling with a wraparound porch.  It was enlarged and remodeled in the Colonial Revival style when converted to an inn in 1914.  It rests on an ashlar-face stone foundation and is capped by a gable-on-hip roof with a prominent front gable.  The building houses a retreat house known as the Saluda Inn.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2006.

Saluda, North Carolina
Saluda is a city in Polk and Henderson counties in the U.S. state of North Carolina. The population was 631 at the 2020 census. Saluda is famous for sitting at the top of the Norfolk Southern Railway's Saluda Grade, which was the steepest main line standard-gauge railway line in the United States until Norfolk Southern ceased operations on the line in 2001. Saluda is close to the South Carolina state line, between Asheville, North Carolina, and Spartanburg, South Carolina.
A View from the Terrace
A View from the Terrace is a Scottish football magazine and factual television series hosted by Craig G. Telfer. It is broadcast weekly on BBC Scotland and repeated on BBC One in Scotland throughout the football season.

The show is produced by creative agency Studio Something and is adapted from the long-running podcast The Terrace.

Factual television
Factual television is a genre of non-fiction television programming that documents actual events and people. These types of programs are also described as observational documentary, fly on the wall, docudrama, and reality television. The genre has existed in some form or another since the early years of television, although the term factual television has especially been used to describe programs produced since the 1990s. The term is especially used in the United Kingdom, Australia and New Zealand.
Rally Challenge 2000
Rally Challenge 2000, released in Japan as Rally '99, is a racing game for the Nintendo 64. It was released in the United States in 2000.  Includes cars from the 1998 and 1999 World Rally Championship.

1999 World Rally Championship
The 1999 World Rally Championship was the 27th season of the FIA World Rally Championship. The season consisted of 14 rallies. Tommi Mäkinen won his fourth drivers' world championship driving for Mitsubishi, ahead of Richard Burns and Didier Auriol. The manufacturers' title was won by Toyota, ahead of Subaru and Mitsubishi.

In an upset predicted two years earlier a two-wheel-drive car won a rally for the first time since Alain Oreille won the 1989 Rallye Côte d'Ivoire in his Renault 5 when Philippe Bugalski took his Citroën Xsara Kit Car to victory in the Rally Catalunya. Bugalski backed it up three weeks later winning the Tour de Corse. With such specialised tarmac cars now beating WRC cars while at the same time not competing in the FIA 2-Litre World Rally Cup designed for them a revamp of two-wheel-drive regulations was created for the 2000 season.
Belle Creek Airport
Belle Creek Airport (FAA LID: 3V7) is a county-owned, public-use airport in Powder River County, Montana, United States. It is located one nautical mile (2 km) northeast of Belle Creek.

As of August 15, 2014, the 3V7 FAA code is unknown in the FAA NASR system.

In the List of airports in Montana, it is listed as a notable former airport which closed circa 2009.

Belle Creek, Montana
Belle Creek (also Bell Creek) is an unincorporated community in southeastern Powder River County, Montana, United States. It lies along local roads southeast of the town of Broadus, the county seat of Powder River County.

The town was founded in 1968 by oil and gas developer Sam Gary in response to the growth of the Bell Creek oil field.
Château de Candale
Château de Candale is a château in the commune of  Doazit in Landes département, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France.

The château was built at the end of the 16th century by the lords of Foix-Candale, who made themselves masters of the barony of Doazit from the 15th century.

Landes (department)
Landes (French pronunciation: [lɑ̃d] ⓘ; Gascon and Occitan: Lanas [ˈlanəs]; Basque: Landak) is a department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region, Southwestern France, with a long coastline on the Atlantic Ocean to the west. It also borders Gers to the east, Pyrénées-Atlantiques to the south, Lot-et-Garonne to the north-east, and Gironde to the north. Located on the Atlantic coast, it had a population of 413,690 as of 2019. Its prefecture is Mont-de-Marsan.

The department is the second-largest department in France and it covers the Forest of Landes. The southwestern part of the department is part of the wider conurbation of Biarritz and Bayonne across the Pyrénées-Atlantique border.
Nelson-Marlborough Regional Council
The Nelson-Marlborough Regional Council was one of 13 regional councils established on 1 November 1989 in nationwide local government reforms. It was disestablished only three years later on 1 July 1992, when its functions went to the unitary authorities of Nelson City Council, Tasman District Council, and Marlborough District Council. Kaikoura District had belonged to the Nelson-Marlborough Regional Council, but with the 1992 reform was transferred to the Canterbury Regional Council.

Unitary authority
A unitary authority is a type of local authority in New Zealand and the United Kingdom. Unitary authorities are responsible for all local government functions within their areas, or perform additional functions that elsewhere are usually performed by multiple tiers of local government.

Typically, unitary authorities cover towns or cities that are large enough to function independently of a council or other authority. An authority can be a unit of a county or combined authority.
Lauco
Lauco (Friulian: Lauc) is a comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Udine in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 110 kilometres (68 mi) northwest of Trieste and about 45 kilometres (28 mi) northwest of Udine.

Lauco borders the following municipalities: Ovaro, Raveo, Sutrio, Tolmezzo, Villa Santina, Zuglio.

Province of Udine
The province of Udine (Italian: provincia di Udine; Friulian: provincie di Udin; Slovene: Videmska pokrajina; Resian: Vydänskä provinčjä; German: Provinz Weiden) was a province in the autonomous Friuli-Venezia Giulia region of Italy, bordering Austria and Slovenia, with the capital in the city of Udine. Abolished on 30 September 2017, it was reestablished in 2019 as the Regional Decentralization Entity of Udine (Italian: ente di decentramento regionale di Udine; Friulian: ent di decentrament regjonâl di Udin; Slovene: enota deželne decentralizacije Videm), and was reactivated on 1 July 2020. It has a population of 516,323 over an area of 4,969.30 square kilometres (1,918.66 mi2) across its 134 municipalities.
Orelia, Western Australia
Orelia is a southern suburb of Perth, Western Australia, located within the City of Kwinana.

Orelia is one of the Kwinana suburbs named after a ship. Orelia arrived at Fremantle bringing settlers to the new Swan River Colony in October 1829. Development of the area commenced in 1952.

Orelia Avenue is the main residential street that runs through the suburb. There is a distinct difference between the established houses on the west side and the newly built homes on the east side. However, despite this juxtaposition, there is a cross mix between the style and design of housing in the suburb which adds to its originality and character.

Kwinana railway station
Kwinana railway station is a railway station in Bertram and Parmelia, suburbs of Perth, Western Australia. It is on the Mandurah railway line, which is part of the Transperth commuter rail network, and it serves the City of Kwinana. It has two side platforms located in a cutting, accessed by a ground-level station concourse. Services run every 10 minutes during peak, and every 15 minutes between peak. The journey to Perth railway station is 32.9 kilometres (20.4 mi), and takes 26 minutes. The station has a bus interchange with five bus stands, and five regular bus routes.

The station was known as Thomas Road station during planning. The station was designed by Woodhead International Architects and MPS Architects. Construction of the station by Doric Constructions and Brierty Contractors started in late 2005. The station was complete by January 2007, and was opened on 23 December 2007, along with the rest of the Mandurah line.
The Spooktacular New Adventures of Casper
The Spooktacular New Adventures of Casper is an American animated television spin-off series and a sequel of the feature film Casper, which, in turn, was based on the Harvey Comics cartoon character of Casper the Friendly Ghost.

Dan Castellaneta
Daniel Louis Castellaneta (/ˌkæstələˈnɛtə/ KAST-ə-lə-NET-ə; born October 29, 1957) is an American actor. He is best known for voicing Homer Simpson on the animated series The Simpsons, as well as other characters on the show such as Grampa Simpson, Krusty the Clown, Groundskeeper Willie, Mayor Quimby, Sideshow Mel, Mr. Teeny, Kodos, Itchy, Santa's Little Helper, and Barney Gumble. Castellaneta is also known for voicing Grandpa Phil in Nickelodeon's Hey Arnold!, and has had voice roles in several other programs, including Futurama, Sibs, Darkwing Duck, The Adventures of Dynamo Duck, The Batman, Back to the Future: The Animated Series, Aladdin, Earthworm Jim, and Taz-Mania.

In 1999, Castellaneta appeared in the Christmas special Olive, the Other Reindeer and won an Annie Award for his portrayal of the Postman. Castellaneta released a comedy album I Am Not Homer, and wrote and starred in a one-person show titled Where Did Vincent van Gogh?
Borgåsund
59°30′37″N 16°15′43″E﻿ / ﻿59.51028°N 16.26194°E﻿ / 59.51028; 16.26194

Borgåsund is a locality in the vicinity of Strömsholm, located in Hallstahammar Municipality in Västmanland County in Sweden with 109 inhabitants in 2005.

Strömsholm Canal ends east of Borgåsund in the lake Mälaren.

Strömsholm
Strömsholm (Swedish pronunciation: [strœmsˈhɔlm]) is a locality situated, in the vicinity of Herrskogen, in Hallstahammar Municipality, Västmanland County, Sweden with 664 inhabitants in 2010.

In Strömsholm is Strömsholm Palace, and from 1621 Strömsholm was a center of military horse training to supply the Swedish Army with horses. Since 1968 Strömsholm is home of civil horse training only. Strömsholm Canal starts in Strömsholm.
Waweru
Waweru is a Kenyan name given to baby boys of the Kikuyu tribe in the Mount Kenya region.

Charles Waweru Kamathi (born 1978), Kenyan long-distance runner

David Waweru, CEO of WordAlive Publishers

George Japhet Waweru (born 1978), Kenyan footballer

Joel Waweru Mwangi (born 1959), Kenyan bishop

John Kiarie Waweru (born 1978), Kenyan politician

Julius Waweru Karangi (born 1951), former General in the Kenya Defence Forces

Patrick Waweru (born 1958), Kenyan boxer

Peter Waweru (born 1982), Kenyan football referee

Wangechi Waweru (born 1994), Kenyan musician

Kikuyu people
The Kikuyu (also Agĩkũyũ/ Gĩkũyũ) are a Bantu ethnic group native to Central Kenya, and originated in West-Central Africa. They are native to Central Kenya and were part of the Thagicu group that settled around Mount Kenya and primarily inhabit the fertile central highlands of Kenya. Traditionally, the Kikuyu community was organized into nine clans Anjirũ, Ambũi, Agacikũ, and Aceera, among others. At a population of 8,148,668 as of the 2019 census, they account for ~17.13% of the total population of Kenya, making them the country's largest ethnic group followed by the Luhya, Kalenjin, Luo, and Kamba collective making the "Big Five"

The term Kikuyu is the Swahili borrowing of the autonym Gĩkũyũ (Gikuyu pronunciation: [ɣèkòjóꜜ]).
Christine Scheiblich
Christine Hahn-Scheiblich (née Scheiblich; born 31 December 1954) is a German rower and Olympic champion.

Scheiblich was born in 1954 in Wilsdruff, Saxony. She took up rowing in 1968.

She received a gold medal in single sculls at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal. Her last competition was the 1978 World Rowing Championships in New Zealand where she won her final gold medal.

On 22 July 1978, Scheiblich married Ulrich Hahn, who was a world championship luger during the late 1970s and early 1980s. Scheiblich studied physiotherapy from 1978 to 1981 and later worked in that occupation in Dresden.

FIL World Luge Championships
The FIL World Luge Championships, part of the International Luge Federation (FIL) have taken place on an almost annual basis in non-Winter Olympics years since 1955. These championships are shown for artificial tracks. See FIL World Luge Natural Track Championships for all natural track events that have taken place since 1979.
R.K. Kieseritzky
R. K. Kieseritzky (Kieseritzki, Kieseritsky) (c. 1870 – after 1923) was a chess master from the Russian Empire of Baltic-German ethnicity.

He took 11th at Barmen 1905 (Hauptturnier A, Oldřich Duras and Akiba Rubinstein won), competed in the Fifth All-Russian Masters’ Tournament at Lodz 1907/08 (Rubinstein won) and in the Second Winter Tournament of the St. Petersburg Chess Club (Alexander Alekhine won) in April 1912.

After World War I, he tied for seventh in 1920 (Ilya Rabinovich won ), and tied for eighth in 1922 (Grigory Levenfish won), both the Petrograd City Chess Championship.

His last recorded game was Abram Rabinovich vs. R.K. Kieseritzky, the First Category Tournament in Petrograd, annotated by Rabinovich and printed in the Shakhmatny Listok 1923, p. 4.

Leningrad City Chess Championship
The Leningrad City Chess Championship is a chess tournament held officially in the city of Leningrad, Russia starting from 1920. The city was called Petrograd from 1914 to 1924, then Leningrad until 1991, and Saint Petersburg afterwards. Only players born or living in or around the city were allowed to participate in this event.

The championship continued to be played, in spite of tremendous difficulties, also during the siege of Leningrad in the Second World War, though the tournament of 1941 could not be finished and that of 1942, the most difficult year of the blockade, could not be organized.

The winners include World champions Mikhail Botvinnik (1931 and 1932), Boris Spassky (1959 and 1961) and FIDE World Champion Alexander Khalifman (1996 and 1997).
Mount Yao (Mozambique)
Mount Yao is a mountain in northern Mozambique. It is located in Niassa Province, in Niassa National Reserve. The mountain is named for the Yao people who live in the area around the mountain.

Mount Yao is an isolated granite outcrop or inselberg, and is relatively isolated from other mountains. Mount Mecula is located to 128 km to the northeast in the national reserve. The Njesi Highlands lie to the west.

Miombo woodland is the predominant plant community on the mountain. The mountain has patches of evergreen forest and swamp forest at higher elevations, and riparian forest corridors in stream valleys descend to 1000 meters elevation. The flowering plant Moraea niassensis, an iris relative, is endemic to the mountain.

Riparian forest
A riparian forest or riparian woodland is a forested or wooded area of land adjacent to a body of water such as a river, stream, pond, lake, marshland, estuary, canal, sink, or reservoir. Due to the broad nature of the definition, riparian woodlands have a huge diversity of characteristics including but not limited to soil composition, microclimates, and vegetative structures. However, among the varied range and landscapes, one factor stays constant: a high rate of primary productivity. This makes riparian forests hugely important centers of nutrient recycling.
Salisbury Zoo
The Salisbury Zoological Park, commonly referred to as the Salisbury Zoo, is a 12-acre (4.9 ha) zoo located on the Delmarva Peninsula in the Salisbury, Maryland city park.  The Salisbury Zoo chooses to mainly house species native to North America, South America, and Australia.  Its collection of over 100 animals includes wallabies, flamingos, North American river otters, an ocelot, a red wolf, two-toed sloths, alpacas, turtles, macaws, rescued birds of prey and owls. Admission at the Salisbury Zoo is free.

Macaw
Macaws are a group of large New World parrots that are long-tailed and often colorful, in the tribe Arini. They are popular in aviculture or as companion parrots, although there are conservation concerns about several species in the wild.
Petosegay
Petosegay or Biidassige (Ottawa: Light that is Coming) (c. 1787 – June 15, 1885) was a 19th-century Odawa merchant and fur trader. Both present-day Petoskey, Michigan, Petoskey State Park, and nearby Emmet County park Camp Petosega are named in his honor. A particular variety of stone was found in abundance on his former lands and named after him, and the Petoskey stone was designated as the official state stone. His granddaughter, Ella Jane Petoskey, was asked by Michigan Governor George W. Romney to be an honored signatory on the bill assigning the Petoskey Stone as the state stone.

Petoskey State Park
Petoskey State Park is a public recreation area covering 303 acres (123 ha) on Lake Michigan in Bear Creek Township, Emmet County, Michigan. The state park is located three miles (4.8 km) northeast of the city of Petoskey on Little Traverse Bay. It is surrounded by heavily vegetated sand dunes that are excellent examples of parabolic dunes. Michigan's state stone, the Petoskey stone, can be found on the park beach.
O. Subramanian
O. Subramanian is an Indian politician and former Opposition Leader of the Legislative Assembly Tamil Nadu. He was elected to the Tamil Nadu legislative assembly as an Indian National Congress candidate from Sivaganga constituency in 1977 and 1984 elections and as an Indian National Congress (Indira) candidate in 1980 election.

1984 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election
The eighth legislative assembly election for Tamil Nadu was held on 24 December 1984. All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK) won the election and its general secretary, incumbent M. G. Ramachandran (M.G.R) was sworn in as Chief Minister, for the third time. The election victory was mainly attributed to the sympathy wave created by Indira Gandhi's assassination and M.G.R's illness coupled with Rajiv Gandhi's popularity. This is the last election M.G.R contested as he died in office in 1987. This is also the only general election which M. Karunanidhi did not contest since 1957 until his death, as he sought to avoid a direct, disadvantageous contest due to a volatile political climate. As now, this is the last election where the ruling party gained seats.
Diocese of Hasselt
The Diocese of Hasselt (Latin: Dioecesis Hasseletensis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in Belgium. Comprising the whole of Belgian Limburg, the diocese was created in 1967 out of the Diocese of Liège. It is a suffragan in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Mechelen-Brussels. The cathedra is found within St. Quentin's Cathedral in Hasselt.

Metropolis (religious jurisdiction)
A metropolis, metropolitanate or metropolitan diocese is an episcopal see whose bishop is the metropolitan bishop or archbishop of an ecclesiastical province. Metropolises, historically, have been important cities in their provinces.
Brock Badgers
The Brock Badgers are the athletics teams that represent Brock University in St. Catharines, Ontario. To date, the Badgers have won 47 National Championships and 94 Ontario Championships, and are members of the OUA, U Sports, CUFLA, CURC, OIWFA and OUBHL.

While technically not considered a varsity team, Brock has a university ringette team which competes annually in the Canadian national University Challenge Cup.

U Sports
U Sports (stylized as U SPORTS) is the national sport governing body for universities in Canada, comprising the majority of degree-granting universities in the country and four regional conferences: Ontario University Athletics (OUA), Réseau du sport étudiant du Québec (RSEQ), Canada West (CW), and Atlantic University Sport (AUS). The equivalent body for organized sports at colleges in Canada is the Canadian Collegiate Athletic Association (CCAA). Some institutions are members of both bodies for different sports.
Michael Daedalus Kenny
Michael Daedalus Kenny, also known as Mike Kenny, is an American animator, comic book illustrator, storyboard artist and director. His storyboard and directing credits include As Told by Ginger, The Wild Thornberrys, Rugrats, Rocket Power, Camp Lazlo, Finley the Fire Engine, Nickelodeon's Tak and the Power of Juju, Little Bush, and Cartoon Network's The Mr. Men Show.

Kenny's latest project is Miles from Tomorrowland. He directed the As Told by Ginger episode "Lunatic Lake", which was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Animated Program.

Miles from Tomorrowland
Miles from Tomorrowland, also known as Miles from Tomorrow internationally, is an American 3D-animated children's television series created by Sascha Paladino. It aired as shorts from January 19 to 23, before officially premiering on February 6, 2015. This series is based on the themed land Tomorrowland from the Disney Parks.

For the third season, which debuted on October 16, 2017, on Disney Channel, Miles from Tomorrowland changed its name to Mission Force One. It ended after three seasons, with the series finale airing on September 10, 2018. The show was renewed for a 4th season on February 4, 2018, but it was cancelled on March 28 due to low ratings.