hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Max Wohlberg
Max (Moshe) Wohlberg (February 9, 1907 - April 19, 1996) was a Hungarian-American hazzan, composer, and scholar. He was one of the initial members of the Cantors Assembly established in 1947 and served as its president from 1949 to 1951. He helped to found the cantorial school at the Jewish Theological Seminary where he was Professor and head of the nusach department. Self-taught, he developed a curriculum for studying nusach and producing scholarly research, educating over 100 graduates as of 1977.

Wohlberg was known for his recitative compositions and recognized as a melodist who captured the interpretive nuances of liturgical texts. His music was rooted in Jewish liturgical traditions, incorporating biblical cantillations, synagogue motifs, Yiddish song phrases, and Israeli folk melodies. These influences stemmed from his extensive exposure to Jewish musical life and were further enriched by his teaching and research.

Wohlberg died April 19, 1996, in Washington D.C.

Nusach (Jewish music)
In Judaism, musical nusach refers the musical style or tradition of a community, particularly the chant used for recitative prayers such as the Amidah.

This is distinct from textual nusach, the exact text of the prayer service, which varies somewhat between Jewish communities.
Lake of the Hirsel
The Lake of the Hirsel or Hirsel Lake is an artificial body of water and Site of Special Scientific Interest near Coldstream in Berwickshire in Scotland. It is set in the grounds of The Hirsel, home of the Home family and of the late Alec Douglas-Home, former British prime minister.

It covers around 27 acres (110,000 m2). It is roughly square shaped, around 300–400 metres in breadth.

It is one of only a few bodies of water in Scotland to be known as a lake; the others being the Lake of Menteith, Pressmennan Lake, Lake Louise (within the grounds of Skibo Castle) and Cally Lake (near Gatehouse of Fleet). There is also a sea bay near Kirkcudbright known as Manxmans Lake. All other major bodies of water in Scotland are known as lochs.

Skibo Castle
Skibo Castle (Scottish Gaelic: Caisteal Sgìobail) is located to the west of Dornoch in the Highland county of Sutherland, Scotland overlooking the Dornoch Firth. Although largely of the 19th century and early 20th century, when it was the home of industrialist Andrew Carnegie, its origins go back much earlier. Thomas Chirnside and his brother, Andrew Spencer Chirnside, bought the castle and the surrounding 20,000 acres for £125,000 in 1868 and lived there until they sold it in 1871 for £130,000.

It is now operated as The Carnegie Club, a members-only residential club, offering members and their guests accommodation in both the castle and estate lodges, a private links golf course and a range of activities including clay pigeon shooting, tennis and horse riding.
Amenta Matthew
Amenta Matthew (born 24 June 1952) is a Marshallese politician. She was a member of the Legislature of the Marshall Islands from 2007 to 2011 and from 2015 to 2019, representing the electorate of Utrik. She was Minister of Health under Presidents Litokwa Tomeing and Jurelang Zedkaia from 2008 to 2011 and Minister of Internal Affairs under Hilda Heine from 2016 to 2019. She was the second woman in the Marshall Islands to serve as a government minister.

Nitijela
The Nitijela (Marshallese: Nitijeļā [nʲidˠiːzʲɛlˠæ]) is the legislature of the Marshall Islands. It has 33 members, elected for a four-year term in nineteen single-seat and five multi-seat constituencies. The last election was 20 November 2023. Elections in the Marshall Islands are officially nonpartisan, but most members of the Nitijeļā are affiliated with one of the four active political parties in the Marshall Islands: Aelon Kein Ad (AKA), Kien Eo Am (KEA), United People's Party (UPP), and United Democratic Party (UDP).
Aviatik C.IX
The Aviatik C.IX was a prototype two-seat observation aircraft built by Automobil und Aviatik AG for the Imperial German Army's (Deutsches Heer) Imperial German Air Service (Luftstreitkräfte) during the First World War. Three aircraft were built in 1918, but the C.IX was not placed into production.

Luftstreitkräfte
The Deutsche Luftstreitkräfte (German: [ˈdɔʏtʃə ˈlʊftˌʃtʁaɪtkʁɛftə], German Air Combat Forces) – known before October 1916 as Die Fliegertruppen des deutschen Kaiserreiches (The Imperial German Air Service, lit. "The flying troops of the German Imperial Realm") – was the air arm of the Imperial German Army. In English-language sources it is usually referred to as the Imperial German Air Service, although that is not a literal translation of either name. German naval aviators of the Marine-Fliegerabteilung were an integral part of the Imperial German Navy (Kaiserliche Marine). Both military branches operated aeroplanes, observation balloons and airships.
Route nationale 205
The Route nationale 205 is a Route nationale of France that is located entirely within the Department of Haute-Savoie. It starts off from the France–Switzerland border in the commune of Gaillard which is adjacent to Geneva; and ends at Chamonix, at the French side of the Mont Blanc Tunnel. It is also nicknamed the Route blanche (white route) due to its snowiness, and shares the title with the A40 autoroute, also nicknamed the Autoroute blanche.

Saint-Dalmas-le-Selvage
Saint-Dalmas-le-Selvage (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ dalmas lə sɛlvaʒ]; Occitan: Sant Darmàs lo Selvatge; Italian: San Dalmazzo Selvatico) is a commune in the Alpes-Maritimes department in southeastern France.
Royce Alger
Royce Alger (born 1965) is an American former freestyle and folkstyle wrestler and retired mixed martial artist. An athlete of wrestling icon Dan Gable, he went on to become a three-time All-American, three-time Big Ten champion, and two-time NCAA National Champion at the 167 and 177 pound weight classes in 1987 and 1988, at the University of Iowa. After going undefeated in his final 78 matches, Alger spent seven years as an assistant wrestling coach with his alma mater. He was also a World silver medalist in freestyle wrestling at the 1990 World Wrestling Championships.

Alger later competed in mixed martial arts. In his debut at UFC 13 on May 30, 1997, he lost by armlock to Enson Inoue. He won his next three fights, all of which were in smaller, regional MMA events. In his fifth and final fight at UFC 21 on July 16, 1999, he was knocked out by Eugene Jackson.

UFC 21
UFC 21: Return of the Champions was a mixed martial arts event held by the Ultimate Fighting Championship on July 16, 1999 at the Five Seasons Events Center in Cedar Rapids, Iowa. The event was seen live on pay per view in the United States, and later released on home video.
Melanesian kingfisher
The Melanesian kingfisher (Todiramphus tristrami) is a species of bird in the family Alcedinidae.  It is endemic to the Bismarck Archipelago and the northwest and central  Solomon Islands. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and plantations.  It was formerly considered a subspecies of the collared kingfisher.

Bismarck Archipelago
The Bismarck Archipelago (German: Bismarck-Archipel, pronounced [ˈbɪsmaʁk ˌaʁçiˈpeːl]) is a group of islands located just off the northeastern coast of New Guinea in the western Pacific Ocean, part of the Islands Region of Papua New Guinea. Its area is about 50,000 square kilometres (19,000 sq mi).
Choreographic sequence
A choreographic sequence is a required element for figure skating in all international competitions. It is required in the free skating programs of senior and junior single skaters and in the free skating programs of senior pair skaters. It is also required during ice dancers' rhythm dances and free dances. Judges do not evaluate individual elements in a choreographic sequence; rather, they note that it was accomplished. Skaters must fulfill certain requirements to fulfill the highest points possible during choreographic sequences.

There are seven types of choreographic elements in ice dance: the Choreographic lift, the Choreographic spinning movement, the Choreographic assisted jump/lifting movement, the Choreographic twizzling movement, the Choreographic sliding movement, the Choreographic character step sequence, and the Choreographic hydroblading movement.

Free dance (ice dance)
The free dance (FD) is a segment of an ice dance competition, the second contested. It follows the rhythm dance (RD). Skaters perform "a creative dance program blending dance steps and movements expressing the character/rhythm(s) of the dance music chosen by the couple". American ice dancers Madison Chock and Evan Bates hold the highest recorded international FD score of 138.41 points.
Joy-Anna Forsyth
Joy-Anna Forsyth (née Duggar; born October 28, 1997) is an American television personality. She is known for her appearances on TLC as part of the reality television shows 19 Kids and Counting (2008–2015) and Jill & Jessa: Counting On (2015–2021).

TLC (TV network)
TLC is an American premium multinational cable and satellite television network owned by the Networks division of Warner Bros. Discovery. First established in 1980 as The Learning Channel, it initially focused on educational and instructional programming. By the late 1990s, after an acquisition by Discovery, Inc. earlier in the decade, the network began to pivot towards reality television programming—predominantly focusing on programming involving lifestyles and personal stories—to the point that the previous name with "The Learning Channel" spelled out was phased out in favor of its initialism.

As of November 2023, with its programming primarily dedicated to the nine-series 90 Day Fiancé universe, comprising 31% of the shows carried by the channel, TLC is available to approximately 71,000,000 pay television households in the United States—down from its 2011 peak of 100,000,000 households.
Stefan Krauße
Stefan Krauße (born 17 September 1967 in Ilmenau, Bezirk Suhl) is a former East German luger who competed from the mid-1980s to 1998. Together with Jan Behrendt he won two Olympic gold medals (1992, 1998), one silver medal (1988) and one bronze (1994) in men's doubles.

In addition, they won eleven medals at the FIL World Luge Championships with seven golds (Men's doubles: 1989, 1991, 1993, 1995; Mixed team: 1991, 1993, 1995) and four silvers (Men's doubles: 1997, Mixed team: 1989, 1996, 1997). At the FIL European Luge Championships, they won a total of six medals with four golds (Men's doubles: 1996, 1998; Mixed team: 1996, 1998) and two bronzes (Men's doubles: 1990, 1992).

They won the overall Luge World Cup men's doubles title three times (1993-4, 1994–5, 1995–6).

Behrendt and Krauße retired after the 1998 Olympics. The same year they were proclaimed honorary citizens of Ilmenau.

FIL World Luge Championships 1995
The FIL World Luge Championships 1995 took place in Lillehammer, Norway on 4–5 February.

The event was criticized for low spectator turnout, and accordingly, lacklustre marketing. Rudi Größwang claimed that the opening ceremony, which took place at the luge track and not in Lillehammer city, only had 5 spectators who were not competitors.
Grindelia confusa
Grindelia confusa is a rare North American species of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. It is native to northern Mexico, found only low-lying areas in Namiquipa Municipality within the State of Chihuahua.

Grindelia confusa is unusual among Mexican species of the genus in having narrow, lobed leaves with spines at the tips of the lobes. It is a branching perennial herb up to 20 cm (8 in) tall. The plant usually produces one flower head one per flower stalk. Each head has 15-20 ray flowers, surrounding a large number of tiny disc flowers.

Namiquipa Municipality
Namiquipa is one of the 67 municipalities of Chihuahua, in northern Mexico. The municipal seat lies at Namiquipa.

As of 2010, the municipality had a total population of 22,880, up from 20,314 as of 2005.

As of 2010, the town of Namiquipa had a population of 1,752, up from 1,718 as of 2005.  Other than the town of Namiquipa, the municipality had 363 localities, the largest of which (with 2010 populations in parentheses) were: Santa Ana (2,978), classified as urban, and El Terrero (2,621), El Molino (2,176), Benito Juárez (1,967), classified as urban, and Cruces (1,206), and Independencia (Cologachi) (1,088), classified as rural.
Beth Howland
Elizabeth Howland (May 28, 1941 – December 31, 2015) was an American actress known for her work on stage and television. She was best known for playing waitress Vera Gorman in the sitcom Alice.

Howland originated the role of Amy in the original Broadway cast of Stephen Sondheim's Company, where she introduced the patter song "Getting Married Today".

Patter song
The patter song is characterised by a moderately fast to very fast tempo with a rapid succession of rhythmic patterns in which each syllable of text corresponds to one note. It is a staple of comic opera, especially Gilbert and Sullivan, but it has also been used in musical theatre and elsewhere.

The lyric of a patter song generally features tongue-twisting rhyming text, with alliterative words and other consonant or vowel sounds that are intended to be entertaining to listen to at rapid speed. The musical accompaniment is lightly orchestrated and fairly simple, to emphasise the text. The song is often intended as a showpiece for a comic character, usually a bass or baritone. The singer should be capable of excellent enunciation while singing quickly to perform the song to maximum effect.
Sepu Kangri
The Sepu Kangri (Tibetan: བསངས་ཕུ་གངས་རི, Wylie: bsangs phu gangs ri, THL: sang pu gang ri; also Sapu Mountain from Chinese) is a mountain in Biru County, Nagqu prefecture, Tibet Autonomous Region in China. The mountain is 285 kilometres (177 mi) east-northeast of Lhasa and 178 kilometres (111 mi) east-southeast of Nagqu Town. With a height of 6,956 metres (22,822 ft), it forms the highest point in the eastern part of the Nyenchen Tanglha Mountains. The full name of the mountain is  Sepu Kunglha Karpo, meaning "white snow god".

The mountain is sacred in Tibetan Bon tradition. The mountain is referred to as (Tibetan: ལྷོ་ཡི་འཛམ་བུ་ཀླུ་རི, Wylie: lho yi 'dzam bu klu ri) in that context. There is a Bon monastery that is more than half millennium old in the valley below.

Lhasa
Lhasa, officially the Chengguan District of Lhasa City, is the inner urban district of Lhasa City, Tibet Autonomous Region, Southwestern China.

Lhasa is the second most populous urban area on the Tibetan Plateau after Xining and, at an altitude of 3,656 metres (11,990 ft), Lhasa is one of the highest cities in the world. The city has been the religious and administrative capital of Tibet since the mid-17th century. It contains many culturally significant Tibetan Buddhist sites such as the Potala Palace, Jokhang Temple and Norbulingka Palaces. According to the census, the total resident population of the city by the end of 2024 will be 876,400.
Old Fort Park and Golf Course
35°51′12″N 86°24′55″W﻿ / ﻿35.8534°N 86.4153°W﻿ / 35.8534; -86.4153

Old Fort Park and Golf Course is a 50-acre (20 ha) park and public golf course located in Murfreesboro, Tennessee.

The park grounds include the Civil War era Fortress Rosecrans and two trailheads to the city's Greenway system. The park is bound on two sides by the West Fork of the Stones River and is bound on the east by Lytle Creek, with a small spring fed tributary to the Creek, Springs Branch, bisecting the public park.

Greenway (landscape)
A greenway is usually a shared-use path along a strip of undeveloped land, in an urban or rural area, set aside for recreational use or environmental protection. Greenways are frequently created out of disused railways, canal towpaths, utility company rights of way, or derelict industrial land. Greenways can also be linear parks, and can serve as wildlife corridors. The path's surface may be paved and often serves multiple users: walkers, runners, bicyclists, skaters and hikers. A characteristic of greenways, as defined by the European Greenways Association, is "ease of passage": that is that they have "either low or zero gradient", so that they can be used by all "types of users, including mobility impaired people".

In Southern England, the term also refers to ancient trackways or green lanes, especially those found on chalk downlands, like the Ridgeway.
Robert Cockburn (physicist)
Sir Robert Cockburn KBE CB (/ˈkoʊbərn/ KOH-bərn; 31 March 1909 – 21 March 1994) was a British government scientist who played an important role in the field of electronic countermeasures for the RAF in the defence of Britain during the Second World War and later became Director of the Royal Aircraft Establishment and Chief Scientist at the Ministry of Aviation.

Government scientist
A government scientist is a scientist employed by a country's government, either in a research-driven job (for example J. Robert Oppenheimer on the Manhattan Project), or for another role that requires scientific training and methods. In some countries other terms, such as Technical officers, is also used for scientists.
Alexander Campbell (journalist)
Alexander Campbell (c. 1883 – 10 September 1961) was a British newspaper editor and executive.

Born in Halifax, Campbell joined the Leeds Mercury, soon becoming its assistant editor.  He then moved to become deputy editor of the Daily Record.  In 1915, he moved to London, helping to launch the new Sunday Pictorial, and becoming its assistant editor.

In 1919, Campbell was appointed as editor of the Daily Mirror, and becoming a director of both the Mirror and the Pictorial.  From 1929 to 1931, he served as honorary treasurer of the Institute of Journalists, and he also served as chair of the council of the Newspaper Press Fund, and on the boards of various hospitals.

Campbell left the editorship of the Mirror in 1930, but continued with the paper as a director, and as a special correspondent on various social and political issues. He retired fully in 1949, and died in Surrey on 10 September 1961, at the age of 78.

Sunday Mirror
The Sunday Mirror is the Sunday sister paper of the Daily Mirror. It began life in 1915 as the Sunday Pictorial and was renamed the Sunday Mirror in 1963.  In 2016 it had an average weekly circulation of 620,861, dropping markedly to 505,508 the following year. Competing closely with other papers, in July 2011, on the second weekend after the closure of the News of the World, more than 2,000,000 copies sold, the highest level since January 2000.
Corycus (Lycia)
Corycus (Ancient Greek: Κώρυκος, romanized: Korykos) was a Greek port city in ancient Lycia. The location of the city has not been determined with certainty. The Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World places the city at 36°26′10.1″N 30°28′42.8″E﻿ / ﻿36.436139°N 30.478556°E﻿ / 36.436139; 30.478556. This is a short distance north of the modern town Çıralı in the Kumluca district of Antalya Province, Turkey.

The city is mentioned by the Stadiasmus Patarensis and the Stadiasmus Maris Magni. Mustafa Adak has argued that the name of Corycus was eventually changed to Olympos, after the original city of Olympus had been destroyed by the Roman Republic. According to him Olympus was initially founded on Mount Olympus, which he identifies as Musa Dağı instead of Tahtalı Dağı. After the destruction the population would have moved to Corycus. The name change might have happened when Hadrian visited the city in 131 AD.

Stadiasmus Patarensis
The Stadiasmus Patarensis, also known as the Stadiasmus Provinciae Lyciae and the Miliarium Lyciae, is an ancient Roman milliarium from the city of Patara. The stadiasmus, shaped as a pillar, served as a monumental public itinerarium. It has a Greek inscription with a dedication to Claudius and an official announcement of roads being built by the governor, Quintus Veranius Nepos, in the province of Lycia et Pamphylia, giving place names and distances. It was discovered in 1993. It has been dated to the year 46 AD.
Marvin Oliver (footballer)
Marvin Oliver is a Trinidadian association football player who played professionally in the United States and Trinidad.

On August 5, 1997, Oliver signed with the Staten Island Vipers of the USISL A-League.  In 1998, he was Second Team All League.  In 2000, he moved to the Broward County Wolfpack of the Premier Development League.  In 2002, Oliver played for the Lauderhill Lions in the amateur Gold Coast Soccer League, moving to Uruguay SC of the same league in 2003.  By 2005, Oliver was in Trinidad with Crab Connection.  He began the 2006 season with the North East Stars, but was back with Crab Connection by the end of the season.  In 2007, Oliver signed with Caledonia AIA before moving to San Juan Jabloteh in 2008.  In 2013, he played for Central FC.

Staten Island Vipers
The Staten Island Vipers were a soccer club that competed in the USL A-League in 1998 and 1999. The club was based on Staten Island, New York City. The team played its games at Tottenville High School and Wagner College. The team dissolved following the 1999 season.
NPO 1
NPO 1 (known as Nederland 1 [ˌneːdərlɑnt ˈeːn] until 2014) is the first national television station in the Netherlands. It launched on 2 October 1951. It provides public broadcasting and currently exists next to sister channels NPO 2 and NPO 3. Several broadcasting organisations of the Publieke Omroep deliver a wide variety of programs for the channel, usually for larger audiences. In 2018, it was the most viewed channel in the Netherlands, reaching a market share of 22.0%. The channel is also available via cable TV in the Dutch Caribbean, either live or time-shifted.

Dutch Caribbean
The Dutch Caribbean (historically known as the Dutch West Indies) are the New World territories, colonies, and countries (former and current) of the Dutch colonial empire and the Kingdom of the Netherlands located in the Caribbean Sea, mainly the northern and southwestern regions of the Lesser Antilles archipelago.

The Dutch Caribbean comprises the constituent countries of Curaçao, Aruba and Sint Maarten (the 'CAS' islands) and the special municipalities of Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba (BES islands). The term "Dutch Caribbean" is sometimes also used for the Caribbean Netherlands, an entity consisting of the three special municipalities forming part of the constituent country of the Netherlands since 2010. The population of the Dutch Caribbean is 337,617 as of January 2019.
Cryptophasa porphyritis
Cryptophasa porphyritis is a moth in the family Xyloryctidae. It was described by Alfred Jefferis Turner in 1906. It is found in Australia, where it has been recorded from Queensland.

The wingspan is about 46 mm. The forewings are pale purple irrorated with reddish-brown, whitish, and a few blackish scales. The costa, from the base to the middle is fuscous and the base from beneath the costa and along the dorsum to one-sixth is broadly white with a blackish discal dot beyond the middle and a triangular white spot on the costa at three-fourths, succeeded by two minute white dots before the apex. There is a subterminal line of blackish dots outlined by reddish-brown and a terminal series of reddish-brown dots. The hindwings are dark fuscous.

Alfred Jefferis Turner
Alfred Jefferis Turner (3 October 1861 in Canton – 29 December 1947 in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia) was a pediatrician and amateur entomologist. He was the son of missionary Frederick Storrs-Turner. He introduced the use of diphtheria antitoxin to Australia in 1895, and resided in Dauphin Terrace, Highgate Hill, Brisbane.

The Jefferis Turner Centre for mothercraft was opened in 1952 as part of the Queensland Government's Maternal and Child Welfare program. In 1986, its role was changed to provide short-term respite care for intellectually disabled children. It is located in the heritage building Fairy Knoll in Ipswich.