hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Front-engine design
Front-engine design is an automotive design where the engine is in the front side of the car, connected to the wheels via a drive shaft. The main types of Front engine design are:

Front-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout, the traditional automotive layout for most of the 20th century.

Front-engine, front-wheel-drive layout, which became dominant in passenger cars by the late 20th century.

Front-engine, four-wheel-drive layout.

Advantage of front engine design is better cabin space for passengers, and also bigger boot space. Disadvantage is that more weight of the car goes on front wheels and less weight goes on the rear wheels, that causes understeer.

Automotive design
Automotive design is the process of developing the appearance (and to some extent the ergonomics) of motor vehicles, including automobiles, motorcycles, trucks, buses, coaches, and vans.

The functional design and development of a modern motor vehicle is typically done by a large team from many different disciplines also included within automotive engineering, however, design roles are not associated with requirements for professional- or chartered-engineer qualifications. Automotive design in this context focuses primarily on developing the visual appearance or aesthetics of vehicles, while also becoming involved in the creation of product concepts. Automotive design as a professional vocation is practiced by designers who may have an art background and a degree in industrial design or in transportation design. For the terminology used in the field, see the glossary of automotive design.
Grid (spatial index)
In the context of a spatial index, a grid or mesh is a regular tessellation of a manifold or 2-D surface that divides it into a series of contiguous cells, which can then be assigned unique identifiers and used for spatial indexing purposes. A wide variety of such grids have been proposed or are currently in use, including grids based on "square" or "rectangular" cells, triangular grids or meshes, hexagonal grids, and grids based on diamond-shaped cells. A "global grid" is a kind of grid that covers the entire surface of the globe.

Hexagonal tiling
In geometry, the hexagonal tiling or hexagonal tessellation is a regular tiling of the Euclidean plane, in which exactly three hexagons meet at each vertex. It has Schläfli symbol of {6,3}  or t{3,6}  (as a truncated triangular tiling).

English mathematician John Conway called it a hextille.

The internal angle of the hexagon is 120 degrees, so three hexagons at a point make a full 360 degrees. It is one of three regular tilings of the plane. The other two are the triangular tiling and the square tiling.
Vellum (novel)
Vellum: The Book of All Hours is a speculative fiction novel by Hal Duncan.

It is Duncan's first novel. It was first published in the United Kingdom by Pan Macmillan in August 2005 and then, in April 2006, in the USA by Del Rey, an imprint of Random House.

Speculative fiction
Speculative fiction is an umbrella genre of fiction that encompasses all the subgenres that depart from realism, or strictly imitating everyday reality, instead presenting fantastical, supernatural, futuristic, or other highly imaginative realms or beings.

This catch-all genre includes, but is not limited to: fantasy, science fiction, science fantasy, superhero, paranormal and supernatural horror, alternate history, magical realism, slipstream, weird fiction, utopia and dystopia, apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic fiction. In other words, the genre presents individuals, events, or places beyond the ordinary real world.

The term speculative fiction has been used for works of literature, film, television, drama, video games, radio, and hybrid media.
Shidaisaurus
Shidaisaurus is a genus of metriacanthosaurid dinosaur.  Its fossil was found in early Middle Jurassic-age rocks of the Chuanjie Formation in Yunnan, China. It is known from a partial skeleton, holotype DML-LCA 9701-IV, found at the bottom of an assemblage of nine dinosaur individuals, lacking most of the tail vertebrae, ribs, pectoral girdle, and limb bones. Shidaisaurus was described in 2009 by Wu and colleagues.  The type species is Shidaisaurus jinae. Generic name and specific name in combination refer to the Jin-Shidai ("Golden Age") Company that oversaw excavation and inspection of the Jurassic World Park near the site.

2009 in paleontology
Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 2009.
Aérospatiale Alouette
The Aérospatiale Alouette is a family of light helicopters manufactured by SNCASE, Sud Aviation, and Aérospatiale:

SNCASE Alouette - company designation SE.3120; piston-engined, not directly related to the Alouette II.

Aérospatiale Alouette II - company designation SA 313/SA 318.

Aérospatiale Lama - company designation SA 315B; hot and high variant of the Alouette II.

Aérospatiale Alouette III - company designation SA 316/SA 319.

Aérospatiale Alouette IV - original designation for the Aérospatiale SA 330A Puma.

Hot and high
In aviation, hot and high is a condition of low air density due to high ambient temperature and high airport elevation. Air density decreases with increasing temperature and altitude. The lower air density reduces the power output from an aircraft's engine and also requires a higher true airspeed before the aircraft can become airborne. Aviators gauge air density by calculating the density altitude.

An airport may be especially hot or high, without the other condition being present. Temperature and pressure altitude can change from one hour to the next. The fact that temperature generally decreases as altitude increases mitigates the "hot and high" effect to a small extent.
Regional State Archives in Oslo
The Regional State Archives in Oslo (Norwegian: Statsarkivet i Oslo) is a regional state archives situated at Sognsvann in Oslo, Norway. Part of the National Archival Services of Norway, it is responsible for archiving documents from state institutions in the counties of Akershus, Oslo and Østfold. The facility is jointly located with the National Archives of Norway. The collection includes 19.2 shelf-kilometers of material.

The agency was created in 1914 as the Regional State Archives in Kristiania, and initially covered all of Eastern Norway and Agder. From 13 July 1917 the newly created Regional State Archives in Hamar took over documents from Oppland and Hedmark. The current name was adopted in 1924. With the opening of the Regional State Archives in Kristiansand in 1934, documents from Agder was moved there. The final demerger took place in 1994, when the Regional State Archives in Kongsberg took over documents from Buskerud, Telemark and Vestfold.

Buskerud
Buskerud (Urban East Norwegian pronunciation: [ˈbʉ̂skərʉː] ⓘ) is a county in Norway, bordering Akershus, Oslo, Innlandet, Vestland, Telemark and Vestfold. It extends from Oslofjord and Drammensfjord in the southeast to the Hardangervidda mountain range in the northwest. The administrative centre of the county is Drammen.

Buskerud was one of the three counties merged into Viken on 1 January 2020. On 23 February 2022, the Viken County Council voted 49-38 to submit an application to the Norwegian government for a demerger of itself. Due to this, Buskerud (except the area forming the defunct municipalities of Røyken and Hurum) was re-established in 2024.
Llandysilio
Llandysilio is a small village and community in Montgomeryshire, Powys, Wales.

Its population at the 2001 Census was 962, increasing to 1,122 at the 2011 census.  The present parish church, dedicated to Saint Tysilio, dates from 1867 but tradition states that a church was founded here by Tysilio in the seventh century. The community includes the village of Four Crosses.

Robert Baugh (1748–1832), a Welsh surveyor, copper-plate engraver, map-maker and print-maker came from the village; as did Rev. Elias Owen MA, F.S.A. (1833–1899), a Welsh cleric and antiquarian.

Montgomeryshire
Montgomeryshire (Welsh: Sir Drefaldwyn 'the shire of Baldwin's town', or simply Maldwyn) was one of the thirteen counties of Wales that existed from 1536 until their abolition in 1974, later becoming a district of Powys from 1974 to 1996. It was named after its county town, Montgomery, which in turn was named after one of William the Conqueror's main counsellors, Roger de Montgomerie, who was the 1st Earl of Shrewsbury.

The area of what was Montgomeryshire, now constitutes the northern part of the county of Powys. The current area was 2,174 square km (839 square miles).

The largest town was Newtown, followed by Welshpool and Llanidloes.
II-62 road (Bulgaria)
Republican Road II-62 (Bulgarian: Републикански път II-62) is a 2nd class road in Bulgaria, running in general direction northeast–southwest through the territory of Kyustendil and Sofia Provinces. Its length is 80 km.

Kyustendil Province
42°15′N 23°0′E﻿ / ﻿42.250°N 23.000°E﻿ / 42.250; 23.000

Kyustendil Province (Bulgarian: Област Кюстендил, romanized: Oblast Kyustendil) is a province in southwestern Bulgaria, extending over an area of 3,084.3 km2 (1,190.9 sq mi) (constituting 2.7% of the total territory of the Republic of Bulgaria), and with a population of 106 131.  It borders the provinces of Sofia, Pernik, and Blagoevgrad; to the west, its limits coincide with the state borders between Bulgaria and North Macedonia, and between Bulgaria and the Republic of Serbia.  The administrative center of the Province is Kyustendil.
Denis O'Gorman (hurler)
Denis O'Gorman (28 August 1914 – 1 May 2005) was an Irish hurler who played as a left corner-back and as a goalkeeper for the Tipperary senior team.

O'Gorman made his first appearance for the team during the 1934 championship and was a regular player over the course of the next decade. During that time he won one All-Ireland winners' medal and two Munster winner's medals.

At club level, he enjoyed a lengthy career with Holycross–Ballycahill, however, a county club championship winners' medals eluded him.

O'Gorman also won four Railway Cup winners' medals with Munster.

1934 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship
The All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship 1934 was the 48th series of the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, Ireland's premier hurling knock-out competition.  Limerick won the championship, beating Dublin 5–2 to 2–6 in a replay of the final.
Foppolo
Foppolo (Bergamasque: Fòpol) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Bergamo in the Italian region of Lombardy, located about 120 kilometres (75 mi) northeast of Milan and about 60 kilometres (37 mi) north of Bergamo. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 206 and an area of 16.2 square kilometres (6.3 sq mi).

Foppolo borders the following municipalities: Caiolo, Carona, Cedrasco, Fusine, Tartano, Valleve.

On January 12, 1977, an avalanche buried part of the village and killed eight people.

Bergamasque dialect
The Bergamasque dialect  is the western variant of the Eastern Lombard group of the Lombard language. It is mainly spoken in the province of Bergamo and in the area around Crema, in central Lombardy.

Bergamasque has official status in the province of Bergamo, according to the Regional Law 25/2016.
Josip Broz Tito High School of Skopje
"Josip Broz Tito" High School (Macedonian: СУГС Гимназија "Јосип Броз Тито") is a state high school in the center of the capital of North Macedonia, Skopje. The school is located at a 5-minute-walk distance from the main square Macedonia. The school, which bears the name of Josip Broz Tito – the first president of Yugoslavia. It offers IB courses, as well as courses for the usual Matura programmes.

Matura
Matura or its translated terms (mature, matur, maturita, maturità, Maturität, maturité, матура, érettségi) is a Latin name for the secondary school exit exam or "maturity diploma" in various European countries, including Albania, Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Italy, Kosovo, Liechtenstein, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Poland, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Switzerland and Ukraine.

It is taken by young adults (usually aged from 17 to 20) at the end of their secondary education, and generally must be passed in order to apply to a university or other institutions of higher education. Matura is a matriculation examination and can be compared to A-Level exams, the Abitur or the Baccalauréat.
Speaker of the North Carolina House of Representatives
The speaker of the North Carolina House of Representatives is the presiding officer of one of the houses of the North Carolina General Assembly. The speaker is elected by the members of the house when they first convene for their regular session, which is currently in January of each odd-numbered year. Perhaps the most important duty of the speaker is to appoint members and chairs of the various standing committees of the House.

Edward Moseley
Edward Moseley (c. 1683 – 11 July 1749), was a British colonial official who served as the first public treasurer of North Carolina from 1715 until his death in July 1749. He previously served as the surveyor-general of North Carolina before 1710 and again from 1723 to 1733. Moseley was also responsible, with William Byrd of Virginia, for surveying the boundary between North Carolina and Virginia in 1728.

Moseley also served as speaker of the North Carolina House of Burgesses (the lower house of the provincial legislature) for several terms, as he was consistently re-elected by his party.  He briefly acted as governor while Governor Burrington was out of the province.
FK Tachov
FK Tachov is a Czech football club located in the town of Tachov in the Plzeň Region. It currently plays in the Bohemian Football League, which is the third level of domestic football competition.

In 2009, Tachov reached the second round of the 2009–10 Czech Cup, where they lost to 1. FC Karlovy Vary, 16–15 on penalties. The club set an attendance record in September 2015, as 2,850 spectators watched the Czech Cup third round match against Viktoria Plzeň, a game which finished 2–0 to the visitors.

Bohemian Football League
3rd Bohemian Football League (Czech: 3. Česká fotbalová liga; ČFL) is one of the third level football leagues of the Czech Republic (the other is the Moravian-Silesian Football League). The league comprises teams from the historic Bohemia region.
Tobias Seicherl
Tobias Seicherl is the title character of a comic drawn by Viennese caricaturist Ladislaus Kmoch (alias Ludwig Kmoch, 1897–1971), a self-taught cartoonist. The comic appeared as a daily strip in the Austrian tabloid Das Kleine Blatt published by Vorwärts-Verlag from October 5, 1930. Tobias Seicherl can be regarded as the first continental European daily comic strip.

The comic strip has been written in Viennese and was one of the first European comics featuring balloons. ‘Seicherl’ has two meanings in Viennese, which are semantically connected. The original meaning of ‘small sieve’ later gave rise to the second meaning of 'weakling'; someone who lacks moral character - letting everything ‘sieve straight through’ them.

Viennese German
Viennese German (Viennese: Weanarisch, Weanerisch; Standard German: Wienerisch) is the city dialect spoken in Vienna, the capital of Austria, and is counted among the Bavarian dialects. It is distinct from written Standard German in vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation. Even in Lower Austria, the state surrounding the city, many of its expressions are not used, while farther to the west they are often not even understood.
Jazz (word)
The origin of the word jazz is one of the most sought-after etymologies in modern American English. Interest in the word – named the Word of the Twentieth Century by the American Dialect Society – has resulted in considerable research and the linguistic history is well documented. "Jazz" originated in slang around 1912 on the West Coast. The meaning varied, but the word did not initially refer to music. "Jazz" came to mean jazz music in Chicago around 1915.

Word of the year
The word(s) of the year, sometimes capitalized as "Word(s) of the Year" and abbreviated "WOTY" (or "WotY"), refers to any of various assessments as to the most important word(s) or expression(s) in the public sphere during a specific year.

The German tradition Wort des Jahres was started in 1971. In 1999 it was supplemented with the Austrian word of the year to express the pluricentric nature of German and its multiple standards varieties.

The American Dialect Society's Word of the Year is the oldest English-language version, and the only one that is announced after the end of the calendar year, determined by a vote of independent linguists, and not tied to commercial interest. However, various other organizations also announce Words of the Year for a variety of purposes.
Rana Wickrama Padakkama
The Rana Wickrama Padakkama (RWP, Combat Gallantry Medal) (Sinhala: රණ වික්‍රම පදක්කම) is awarded to Sri Lankan military service personnel serving in both the regular- and volunteer forces as a reward for:

...individual or associated acts of bravery in the face of the enemy and performed voluntarily...

Bars could be awarded for further acts of gallantry meriting the award for a second and third time, denoted by a star in the ribbon bar for each additional award. The award is the only one to have been awarded to a military animal in Sri Lanka.

Medal ribbon
A medal ribbon, service ribbon or ribbon bar is a small ribbon, mounted on a small metal bar equipped with an attaching device, which is generally issued for wear in place of a medal when it is not appropriate to wear the actual medal. Each country's government has its own rules on what ribbons can be worn in what circumstances and in which order. This is usually defined in an official document and is called "the order of precedence" or "the order of wearing."  In some countries (particularly in North America and in Israel), some awards are "ribbon only," having no associated medal.
Radharani Devi Gurumayum
Radharani Devi Gurumayum (Meitei: Gurumayum Radharani Devi, born 1 March 1991) is an Indian footballer who plays as a defender for Eastern Sporting Union. She also played for the India national football team.

India women's national football team
The India women's national football team represents India in women's international football and is governed by the All India Football Federation. Under the global jurisdiction of FIFA and governed in Asia by the AFC. India is also part of the South Asian Football Federation. The team was one of the best in Asia in the mid-1970s to early 1980s, when they became runners-up in the 1979 and the 1983 AFC Women's Asian Cup. The Indian women's national team is yet to participate in the FIFA Women's World Cup and the Olympic Games.
Wingham Wildlife Park
Wingham Wildlife Park is a medium-sized wildlife park situated near Wingham, Kent, United Kingdom where it covers an area of 26 acres (13 acres of animal housing area and a further 13 acres of car parking and overflow). In 2011, the species count at the park reached 180 species, growing to over 200 in 2013 covering fish, mammals, reptiles, amphibians, invertebrates and birds.

Rhinoceros iguana
The rhinoceros iguana (Cyclura cornuta) is an endangered species of iguana that is endemic to the Caribbean island of Hispaniola (shared by Haiti and the Dominican Republic) and its surrounding islands. A large lizard, they vary in length from 60 to 136 centimetres (24 to 54 in), and skin colours range from a steely grey to a dark green and even brown. Their name derives from the bony-plated pseudo-horn or outgrowth which resembles the horn of a rhinoceros on the iguana's snout. It is known to coexist with the Ricord's iguana (C. ricordii); the two species are the only taxa of rock iguana to do so.
William H. Todd
William H. Todd (1864–1932) was an American shipbuilder and philanthropist.

He was born on November 27, 1864, the son of a boilermaker in Wilmington, Delaware.  He apprenticed to be a shipwright at the Pusey and Jones Shipyard in Wilmington as a young man and moved to  Brooklyn, New York in 1893 to work in the Brooklyn Navy Yard.  He left the Navy Yard in 1896, to become foreman of the Robins Dry Dock & Repair Company of Erie Basin. He eventually became president of Robins, and in 1916 merged that company with others to form the Todd Shipyards.

He died May 15, 1932.

Erie Basin (Brooklyn)
Erie Basin is a man-made harbor and shipping facility in Red Hook, Brooklyn. It is a part of the Port of New York City. Established in 1864, it functions to load and unload ships, store merchandise in warehouses, including grain, and provide dry dock and ship repair services.
Botryococcene synthase
Botryococcene synthase (EC 1.3.1.97, SSL-3 (gene)) is an enzyme with systematic name C30 botryococcene:NADP+ oxidoreductase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

C30 botryococcene + NADP+ + diphosphate  presqualene diphosphate + NADPH + H+

This enzyme is isolated from the green alga Botryococcus braunii BOT22.

Oxidoreductase
In biochemistry, an oxidoreductase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of electrons from one molecule, the reductant, also called the electron donor, to another, the oxidant, also called the electron acceptor. This group of enzymes usually utilizes NADP+ or NAD+ as cofactors. Transmembrane oxidoreductases create electron transport chains in bacteria, chloroplasts and mitochondria, including respiratory complexes I, II and III. Some others can associate with biological membranes as peripheral membrane proteins or be anchored to the membranes through a single transmembrane helix.
Ehmaniella
Ehmaniella is a genus of trilobite known from the Middle Cambrian Burgess Shale. 392 specimens of Ehmaniella are known from the Greater Phyllopod bed, where they comprise 0.74% of the community.

Ehmaniella's major characteristics are a wide cranidium, heavy eye ridges, longitudinal striae on the pre-glabellar area, and a small pygidium with few segments.

Stretch marks
Stretch marks, also known as striae (/ˈstraɪiː/) or striae distensae, are a form of scarring on the skin with an off-color hue. Over time, they may diminish, but will not disappear completely. Striae are caused by tearing of the dermis during periods of rapid growth of the body, such as during puberty or pregnancy, in which they usually form during the last trimester. Usually on the belly, these striae also commonly occur on the breasts, thighs, hips, lower back, and buttocks. Pregnancy-related striae are known as striae gravidarum. Striae may also be influenced by the hormonal changes associated with puberty, pregnancy, bodybuilding, or hormone replacement therapy. There is no evidence that creams used during pregnancy prevent stretch marks. Once they have formed, there is no clearly effective treatment, though various methods have been attempted and studied.