hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Stoomgemaal Vier Noorder Koggen
The Dutch Steam Museum is a historical and science museum and former pumping station located on the IJsselmeer at Medemblik in the Netherlands. Constructed in 1869, the steam engines operated until the completion of an electric pumping station at Wervershoof in 1975. The museum is opened during the summer and tells the history of steam engines and the industrial revolution.

Medemblik
Medemblik (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈmeːdəmblɪk] ⓘ) is a municipality and a city in the Netherlands, in the province of North Holland and the region of West-Frisia. It lies immediately south of the polder and former municipality of Wieringermeer.
Sara Neil
Sara Louise Neil (born 2 September 1960) is a Canadian retired road bicycle racer, who won the bronze medal in the women's individual road race at the 1987 Pan American Games. A resident of Vancouver, British Columbia, she represented Canada at the same event at the 1988 Summer Olympics, finishing in 39th place. She has two daughters. She now teaches physical education at Lord Byng Secondary in Vancouver, British Columbia.

1987 Pan American Games
The 1987 Pan American Games, officially known as the X Pan American Games, was a major international multi-sport event held in Indianapolis, Indiana, United States, on August 7–23, 1987. Over 4,300 athletes from 38 countries in the Americas competed in 297 events in 30 sports, earning 1,015 medals. Events were held at 23 venues in and around Indianapolis. The official mascot for the games was Amigo, a green parrot.
Radhika Iyengar
Radhika Iyengar is an Indian journalist, writer, and recipient of the 2018 Red Ink Awards in the category of human rights. She held the Prabha Dutt Fellowship in 2016, the Bianca Pancoat Patton Fellowship in 2019, and the Charles Wallace India Trust fellowship in 2020. She has written for several news magazines including Al Jazeera, Christian Science Monitor, Vogue India, and Conde Nast Traveller India. After seven to eight years of research on the Dom community of Varanasi, she produced Fire on the Ganges: Life among the Dead in Banaras, published in 2023 by HarperCollins.

Aljazeera Publishing
Aljazeera Publishing was formed in 1992 in London to produce content for expatriate Persian Gulf (i.e. those from the region known as Aljazeera) residents living in the United Kingdom. The publishing was disbanded in April 2011 after the sale of its main assets to regional media organizations including Al Jazeera Media Network, Noor Media and MBC.

Despite the similarity in names, Aljazeera Publishing has no relations nor affiliation with the Qatari state media conglomerate Al Jazeera Media Network.
Marek Konwa
Marek Konwa (born 11 March 1990 in Zielona Góra) is a Polish cyclo cross and cross-country mountain biker. At the 2012 Summer Olympics, he competed in the Men's cross-country at Hadleigh Farm, finishing in 16th place. He was on the start list for the 2018 Cross-country European Championship and he finished in 21st place.

Cycling at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's cross-country
The men's cross-country cycling event at the 2012 Olympic Games in London took place at Hadleigh Farm on 12 August.

Fifty cyclists from 32 countries competed. Jaroslav Kulhavý from the Czech Republic won the gold medal, beating Switzerland's Nino Schurter by one second.
Nicolas Pietrula
Nicolas Pietrula (born 5 August 1995) is a Czech road and track cyclist. He competed at the 2015 UEC European Track Championships in the team pursuit event and at the 2016 UEC European Track Championships also in the team pursuit event.

2015 UEC European Track Championships
The 2015 UEC European Track Championships was the sixth edition of the elite UEC European Track Championships in track cycling and took place at the Velodrome Suisse in Grenchen, Switzerland, between 14 and 18 October. The Event was organised by the European Cycling Union. All European champions are awarded the UEC European Champion jersey which may be worn by the champion throughout the year when competing in the same event at other competitions.

The 10 Olympic events (sprint, team sprint, team pursuit, keirin and omnium for men and women), as well as 11 other events are on the program for these European Championships. For the first time, the elimination races, known within track cycling as Devils (from the saying Devil take the hindmost) were contested in their own right.
9th Louisiana Infantry Regiment
The 9th Louisiana Infantry Regiment or Louisiana Tigers was the common nickname for certain infantry troops from the state of Louisiana in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War. Originally applied to a specific company, the nickname expanded to a battalion, then to a brigade, and eventually to all Louisiana troops within the Army of Northern Virginia. Although the exact composition of the Louisiana Tigers changed as the war progressed, they developed a reputation as fearless, hard-fighting shock troops.

Louisiana State University Press
The Louisiana State University Press (LSU Press) is a university press at Louisiana State University. Founded in 1935, it publishes works of scholarship as well as general interest books. LSU Press is a member of the Association of University Presses.

LSU Press publishes approximately 70 new books each year and has a backlist of over 2000 titles. Primary fields of publication include southern history, southern literary studies, Louisiana and the Gulf South, the American Civil War and military history, roots music, southern culture, environmental studies, European history, foodways, poetry, fiction, media studies, and landscape architecture. In 2010, LSU Press merged with The Southern Review, LSU's literary magazine, and the company now oversees the operations of this publication.

Domestic distribution for the press is currently provided by the University of North Carolina Press's Longleaf Services.
Hanukkah+
Hanukkah+ is a compilation album featuring songs themed around the Jewish holiday of Hanukkah.
Music producer Randall Poster was inspired by the annual Hanukkah concerts put on by Yo La Tengo. Ira Kaplan, the frontman of the band, remarked that he felt the holiday "could use some spotlight". Although he is Jewish, not all of his bandmates are, but all enjoyed the challenge of playing eight nights in a row in contrast with "all the hoopla over Christmas".

Poster highlighted Jack Black's performance on the album as "the gift wrapping".

The album was sold at "nontraditional" retailers, such as synagogue gift shops.

Yo La Tengo
Yo La Tengo (Spanish for "I've got it"; also abbreviated as YLT) is an American indie rock band formed in Hoboken, New Jersey, in 1984. Since 1992, the lineup has consisted of Ira Kaplan (guitars, piano, vocals), Georgia Hubley (drums, piano, vocals), and James McNew (bass, vocals). In 2015, original guitarist Dave Schramm rejoined the band and appeared on their fourteenth album, Stuff Like That There.

Despite achieving limited mainstream success, Yo La Tengo has been called "the quintessential critics' band" and maintains a strong cult following. Though they mostly play original material, the band performs a wide repertoire of cover songs both in live performance and on record.
Jiuyi Mountains
The Jiuyi Mountains (Chinese: 九嶷山 Jiuyi Shan) are a mountain range in Hunan province, China. They are located in the Yongzhou, Ningyuan and Lanshan region, bordering Guangdong province.
They are part of the Mengzhu Mountains of the Nanling Range.

These mountains are reputed to be the burial place of Emperor Shun in ancient Chinese tradition.

It is traditionally inhabited by the Yao people. Autonomous counties include: Daqiao Yao Ethnic Township

Yongzhou
Yongzhou (Chinese: 永州; pinyin: Yǒngzhōu) is a prefecture-level city in the south of Hunan province, People's Republic of China, located on the southern bank of the Xiang River, which is formed by the confluence of the Xiao and Xiang Rivers, and bordering Guangdong to the southeast and Guangxi to the southwest. With a history of 2000 years, Yongzhou is one of the four ancient counties in Hunan. Its total area is 22,255.31 square kilometres (8,592.82 sq mi), and at the 2022 Chinese census it had a total population of 5,143,700, of whom 1,146,692 lived in the built-up (or metro) area made of the 2 urban districts.
Pray for Haiti
Pray for Haiti is the nineteenth studio album by Haitian-American rapper Mach-Hommy. It was released on May 21, 2021, through Griselda Records and Daupe!. Production was handled by Camoflauge Monk, Conductor Williams, Denny LaFlare, Cee Gee, DJ Green Lantern, Messiah Muzik, Nicholas Craven and Sadhu Gold, with Westside Gunn and Mach-Hommy serving as executive producers. It features guest appearances from Westside Gunn, Keisha Plum, Melanie Charles as well as Tha God Fahim and received universal acclaim from critics.

Mach-Hommy announced that 20 percent of the album's profits will be donated to the Pray for Haiti Trust Fund, which he set up to fund educational infrastructure in Haiti.

DJ Green Lantern
James Christopher D'Agostino (born July 7, 1975), professionally known as DJ Green Lantern, is an American hip hop DJ and producer from Rochester, New York. In 2002, D'Agostino was signed by American rapper Eminem, to become the official DJ for Shady Records, after DJ Head stepped down for undisclosed reasons.
Olle Dahlberg
Sven Olof Wilhelm "Olle" "Sheriffen" Dahlberg (4 October 1928 – 13 May 1997) was a Swedish speed skater who competed in the 1956 Winter Olympics and in the 1960 Winter Olympics.

He was born in Sollefteå and died in Sundsvall.

In 1956 he finished seventh in the 5000 metres event and eighth in the 10000 metres competition.

Four years later he finished seventh in the 10000 metres contest, 13th in the 5000 metres event, 18th in the 1500 metres competition and 30th in the 500 metres contest at the 1960 Games.

Speed skating at the 1960 Winter Olympics – Men's 500 metres
The 500 metres speed skating event was part of the speed skating at the 1960 Winter Olympics programme. The competition was held on the Squaw Valley Olympic Skating Rink and for the first time at the Olympics on artificially frozen ice. It was held on Wednesday, February 24, 1960. Forty-six speed skaters from 15 nations competed.
Getty (software)
getty, short for "get tty", is a Unix program running on a host computer that manages physical or virtual terminals (TTYs). When it detects a connection, it prompts for a username and runs the 'login' program to authenticate the user.

Originally, on traditional Unix systems, getty handled connections to serial terminals (often Teletype machines) connected to a host computer. The tty part of the name stands for Teletype, but has come to mean any type of text terminal. One getty process serves one terminal. In some systems, for example, Solaris, getty was replaced by ttymon.

Personal computers running Unix-like operating systems, even if they do not provide any remote login services, may still use getty as a means of logging in on a local virtual console.

Instead of the login program, getty may also be set up by the system administrator to run any other program, for example pppd (point-to-point protocol daemon) to provide a dial-up Internet connection.

Daemon (computing)
In computing, a daemon is a program that runs as a background process, rather than being under the direct control of an interactive user. Customary convention is to name a daemon process with the letter d as a suffix to indicate that it's a daemon. For example, syslogd is a daemon that implements system logging facility, and sshd is a daemon that serves incoming SSH connections.

Even though the concept can apply to many computing systems, the term daemon is used almost exclusively in the context of Unix-based systems. In other contexts, different terms are used for the same concept.

Systems often start daemons at boot time that will respond to network requests, hardware activity, or other programs by performing some task. Daemons such as cron may also perform defined tasks at scheduled times.
Borough of St Leonards
The Borough of St Leonards was a local government area in the Lower North Shore region of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. First proclaimed as the Municipality of St Leonards in 1867, it became a borough in 1868 and in 1871 a petition for the Victoria Ward to secede was accepted and the Borough Victoria was proclaimed. It included the modern suburbs of Cammeray, Mosman, Waverton, Wollstonecraft and parts of Cremorne, Neutral Bay, North Sydney and Crows Nest. The borough lasted until 29 July 1890 when it merged with the neighbouring boroughs of Victoria and East St Leonards to form the Borough of North Sydney.

Neutral Bay
Neutral Bay is a suburb on the Lower North Shore of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Neutral Bay is around 1.5 kilometres (1 mile) north of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of North Sydney Council.

Neutral Bay takes its name from the bay on Sydney Harbour. Kurraba Point, formerly a locality in Neutral Bay, was declared a separate suburb in 2010, sharing the postcode 2089. Surrounding suburbs include North Sydney, Cammeray, Milsons Point, Cremorne and Cremorne Point.
Kozelsk offensive
The Kozelsk offensive (Russian: Козельская наступательная операция) was an offensive conducted by parts of the Red Army's Western Front against the German 2nd Panzer Army in southwestern Kaluga Oblast on the Eastern Front of World War II between 22 August and 9 September 1942.

The attack of the 2nd Panzer Army in early August created a small salient in the Soviet line. The Western Front sent the 3rd Tank Army, with the 16th and 61st Armies and the 1st Guards Cavalry Corps as support, to launch an attack to cut off the German troops in the salient. The Soviet offensive bogged down in the face of unfavorable terrain and German defenses and air superiority. Although the three armies managed to reduce the size of the salient by around 9 kilometers (5.6 mi), they suffered heavy losses, especially in tanks. The offensive failed to achieve its objective, but tied down German armored units in a secondary sector.

Salient (military)
A salient, also known as a bulge, is a battlefield feature that projects into enemy territory. The salient is surrounded by the enemy on multiple sides, making the troops occupying the salient vulnerable. The opponent's front line that borders a salient is referred to as a re-entrant – that is, an angle pointing inwards. A deep salient is vulnerable to being "pinched off" through the base, and this will result in a pocket in which the forces in the salient become isolated and without a supply line. On the other hand, a breakout of the forces within the salient through its tip can threaten the rear areas of the opposing forces outside it, leaving them open to an attack from behind.
Loch Sunart to the Sound of Jura Marine Protected Area
Loch Sunart to the Sound of Jura Marine Protected Area is a Marine Protected Area (MPA) off the west coast of Scotland. The MPA, which covers 741 km2 (286 sq mi),
includes the waters of Loch Sunart, the Sound of Mull, the Firth of Lorne and the Sound of Jura. It has been designated to protect the population of common skate and the area's quaternary geological features. The MPA is designated a Category IV protected area by the International Union for Conservation of Nature.

Fishing activities are controlled within the MPA, and no suction dredging, mechanical dredging, beam trawling, demersal trawling or longline fishing is permitted.

Firth of Lorn
The Firth of Lorn or Lorne (Scottish Gaelic: An Linne Latharnach) is the inlet of the sea between the south-east coast of the Isle of Mull and the mainland of Scotland. It includes a number of islands, and is noted for the variety of wildlife habitats that are found. In 2005, a large part of the Firth became a Special Area of Conservation.
Morgenster (ship)
Morgenster (Morning Star in Dutch) is a sail training ship based in the Netherlands. She was built, as a herring lugger under the name De Vrouw Maria, in 1919. In 1927, she was lengthened by 7 metres (23 ft) and converted into a motor fishing vessel. She was renamed Morgenster in 1959 and continued to be used as a fishing vessel until 1970. After a period of use for sport fishing and in the pirate radio business, she was acquired by her current owners for conversion back to a sailing vessel in 1983. She made her maiden voyage as a sail training ship in 2008, having been refitted as a brig.

Lugger
A lugger is a sailing vessel defined by its rig, using the lug sail on all of its one or more masts. Luggers were widely used as working craft, particularly off the coasts of France, England, Ireland and Scotland. Luggers varied extensively in size and design. Many were undecked, open boats, some of which operated from beach landings (such as Hastings or Deal). Others were fully decked craft (typified by the Zulu and many other sailing drifters). Some larger examples might carry lug topsails.
Athinganoi
The Athinganoi (Ancient Greek: Ἀθίγγανοι, singular Athinganos, Ἀθίγγανος, Atsinganoi) were a Manichaean sect and practiced some of the Jewish customs (which can be regarded as a form of Judaizing) who lived in Phrygia and Lycaonia but were neither Hebrews nor gentiles. They kept the Sabbath but were not circumcised. They were shomer negiah.

Other sources indicate that the Athinganoi were associated with the Simonians and had no connection to the Manichaean or Paulician sects. They settled in Byzantium in 1054: the year of the East-West Schism. The Athinganoi married Byzantine women, adopted Greek Orthodox Christianity, and eventually assimilated into the Slavic and Greek populations. In some studies, the Athinganoi are described as remnants of the Indo-Greeks who left India in 400 AD during the Migration period.

Byzantium
Byzantium (/bɪˈzæntiəm, -ʃəm/) or Byzantion (Ancient Greek: Βυζάντιον) was an ancient Greek city in classical antiquity that became known as Constantinople in late antiquity and Istanbul in modern times. The Greek name Byzantion and its Latinization Byzantium continued to be used as a name of Constantinople sporadically and to varying degrees during the thousand-year existence of the Eastern Roman Empire, which also became known by the former name of the city as the Byzantine Empire. Byzantium was colonized by Greeks from Megara in the 7th century BCE and remained primarily Greek-speaking until its conquest by the Ottoman Empire in 1453 CE.
Karnovich
The Karnovich family (Russian: Карнович) was an old Russian noble family of Hungarian and German origin. They were included in the VI part of the genealogical book of the Yaroslav, Kursk, Chernigov and Tula provinces, as determined by the Governing Senate (dated October 11, 1860 and April 16, 1863).

Chernihiv Oblast
Chernihiv Oblast (Ukrainian: Чернігівська область, romanized: Chernihivska oblast), also referred to as Chernihivshchyna (Ukrainian: Чернігівщина), is an oblast (province) in northern Ukraine. The administrative center of the oblast is the city of Chernihiv. There are 1,511 settlements in the oblast, with a total population of 959,315 (2022 estimate).
The Gambler (novel)
The Gambler (Russian: Игрокъ, romanized: Igrok; modern spelling Игрок) is a short novel by Fyodor Dostoevsky about a young tutor in the employment of a formerly wealthy Russian general. Set in a hotel and casino in a German city, the theme of gambling reflects Dostoevsky's own experience of addiction to roulette. Dostoevsky completed the novel in 1866 under a strict deadline to pay off gambling debts.

Reforms of Russian orthography
Russian orthography has been reformed officially and unofficially by changing the Russian alphabet and spelling rules over the course of the history of the Russian language. Several important reforms happened in the 18th–20th centuries.
Veraldi
Veraldi is a surname of Italian origin. Notable people with the surname include:

Attilio Veraldi, Italian novelist

Dennis Veraldi, American CEO of the Port Authority of Allegheny County

Donato Tommaso Veraldi (born 1941), Italian politician

Lewis Veraldi, Ford Motor Company vice president

Donato Tommaso Veraldi
Donato Tommaso Veraldi (born 12 January 1941, Soveria Simeri) is an Italian politician. He was a member of the European Parliament from 8 May 2006, when he took up a seat vacated after the 2006 Italian general election, until the 2009 European elections. He represented The Daisy within the ALDE parliamentary group.
When It Was Me
"When It Was Me" is Paula DeAnda's third single on her debut album Paula DeAnda.  Paula's pensive thoughts are expressed, nonetheless sung, about how her ex-boyfriend shows much affection to his new love, when that person used to be her. According to Paula, the way he treats his girlfriend is better than the way he treated her. Paula says throughout the first and second verses that she's not jealous, but overall she really is aware of the changes, and really wants what her ex-boyfriend is giving to the other girl.

This song was co-written by Ne-Yo. The song received some very minor airplay on a few Top 40/pop stations in Texas, but it didn't make the Mainstream Top 40 or Pop 100 Airplay charts. The song received moderate airplay on some rhythmic radio stations causing it to chart on the Rhythmic Top 40; it peaked at number 25 on the chart.

Pop 100
The Pop 100 was a songs chart that debuted in February 2005 and was released weekly by Billboard magazine in the United States until its discontinuation in 2009.  It ranked songs based on airplay on Mainstream Top 40 radio stations, singles sales and digital downloads.
Kal Mann
Kal Mann (born Kalman Cohen; May 6, 1917 – November 28, 2001) was an American lyricist. He is best known for penning the words to Elvis Presley's "Teddy Bear", plus "Butterfly", a hit for both Charlie Gracie and Andy Williams, and "Let's Twist Again", sung by Chubby Checker, which won the 1962 Grammy Award for Best Rock & Roll Recording.

Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Song
The Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Song was awarded between 1959 and 1971.  The award had several minor name changes:

In 1959 the award was known as Best Performance by a "Top 40" Artist

In 1961 it was awarded as Best Performance by a Pop Single Artist

From 1962 to 1965 it was awarded as Best Rock & Roll Recording

In 1966 it was awarded as Contemporary (R&R) Single

In 1967 it was awarded as Best Contemporary (R&R) Recording

In 1968 it was awarded as Best Contemporary Single

From 1970 to 1971 it was awarded as Best Contemporary Song

Years reflect the year in which the Grammy Awards were presented, for works released in the previous year.
Liam Madden
Liam Madden (born 1983/84) is an American Marine veteran, entrepreneur, and anti-war activist. Although a political independent, he was the Republican Party nominee in the 2022 United States House of Representatives election in Vermont. A critic of the two-party system, he stated that if elected, he would not caucus with House Republicans.

Madden served in the United States Marine Corps from 2003 to 2007. Shortly before leaving the military, he founded Appeal for Redress, a group of military personnel opposed to the Iraq War. He then served as a leader of Iraq Veterans Against the War, including chair of the board of directors.

About Face: Veterans Against the War
About Face (formerly Iraq Veterans Against the War) is an advocacy group founded in 2004 of formerly active-duty United States military personnel, Iraq War veterans, Afghanistan War veterans, and other veterans who have served since the September 11, 2001 attacks; who were opposed to the U.S. military invasion and occupation in Iraq from 2003 to 2011.  The organization advocated the immediate withdrawal of all coalition forces in Iraq, and reparations paid to the Iraqi people.  It also provides support services for returning veterans including health care and mental health.

Al Hubbard, co-founder of Vietnam Veterans Against the War, has stated his support of the organization.