hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Termux
Termux is a free and open-source terminal emulator for Android which allows for running a Linux environment on an Android device. Termux installs a minimal base system automatically; additional packages are available using its package manager, based on Debian's.

Most commands available in Linux are accessible in Termux, as well as built-in Bash commands. There are several other shells available, such as Zsh and tcsh.

Z shell
The Z shell (Zsh) is a shell and a command-line interpreter for shell scripts. Zsh mostly maintains the Bourne shell's syntax and behavior, but makes several changes breaking from the POSIX standard (such as eliminating word-splitting) and substantially more features.

Zsh was created by Paul Falstad in 1990 while he was a student at Princeton University. It combines features from both ksh and tcsh, offering functionality such as programmable command-line completion, extended file globbing, improved variable/array handling, and themeable prompts.

Zsh is available for Microsoft Windows as part of the UnxUtils collection and has been adopted as the default interactive shell for macOS, Deepin, and Kali Linux. The "Oh My Zsh" user community website provides a platform for third-party plug-ins and themes, featuring a large and active contributor base.
Touat
Tuat, or Touat (Arabic: توات, romanized: Tuwāt), is a natural region of desert in central Algeria that contains a string of small oases. In the past, the oases were important for caravans crossing the Sahara.

Camel train
A camel train, caravan, or camel string is a series of camels carrying passengers and goods on a regular or semi-regular service between points. Despite rarely travelling faster than human walking speed, for centuries camels' ability to withstand harsh conditions made them ideal for communication and trade in the desert areas of North Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. Camel trains were also used sparingly elsewhere around the globe. Since the early 20th century they have been largely replaced by motorized vehicles or air traffic.
Balabolu
Balabolu is a hill and an archaeological site on the hill in Mersin Province, Turkey.

It is in the rural area of Mut ilçe at 36°38′56″N 33°06′30″E﻿ / ﻿36.64889°N 33.10833°E﻿ / 36.64889; 33.10833. Its distance to Yalnızcabağ village is about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi), to Mut is 45 kilometres (28 mi) and to Mersin is 205 kilometres (127 mi).  Visitors follow Mut-Ermenek highway and turn north to reach the site.
The original name of the site was Adrasus (or Andrassos). Adrasus was a Roman and Byzantine town. The Battle of Andrassos in which Byzantines defeated  Hamdanid army in 960  was around Adrasus. In the 13th century the town fell to Nure Sofi of Karamanids.

Yalnızcabağ
Yalnızcabağ (literally "Lonely orchard") is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Mut, Mersin Province, Turkey. Its population is 520 (2022). It is in the Toros Mountains. Distance to Mut was 45 kilometres (28 mi) and to Mersin is 205 kilometres (127 mi). Main crops of the village are pomegranate, apple, grape and pistachio

The tomb of Nure Sofi, the predecessor of Karamanoğlu dynasty is the pasture of in Yalnızcabağ. He died in the 13th century. Three centuries later, in 1687 the borders of his personal territory was certified by the Ottoman authorities. A copy of the certificate is kept by the muhtar of the village.
Harry Parkin
Christopher Henry Parkin (21 June 1879 – 6 July 1937) was an Australian rules footballer who played for the Geelong Football Club and Melbourne Football Club in the Victorian Football League (VFL). Parkin made his debut, playing for Geelong, against Melbourne in round 11 of the 1899 VFL season at Corio Oval. His brother Jack also played with Geelong in 1899. The next year he transferred to Melbourne and in his first season with the club became a premiership player, playing on a half-back flank in the 1900 VFL Grand Final. After his retirement from football he served as Melbourne's delegate to the VFL for over 10 years as well as being Treasurer of the VFL from 1932 until his death in 1937.

1900 VFL grand final
The 1900 VFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football game contested between the Melbourne Football Club and Fitzroy Football Club, held at the East Melbourne Cricket Ground in Melbourne on 22 September 1900. It was the 3rd annual Grand Final of the Victorian Football League, staged to determine the premiers for the 1900 VFL season. The match, attended by 20,181 spectators, was won by Melbourne by a margin of 4 points.
Luis Núñez (athlete)
Luis Núñez (born October or November 11, 1964) is an athlete from the Dominican Republic who ran in the 1500m at the World Track and Field Championships in Tokyo, Japan in 1991. Luis Núñez also won two National Championships for the NCAA II in the 1500m indoors, in 1990 and 1991.

1991 World Championships in Athletics
The 3rd World Championships in Athletics (Japanese: 1991年世界陸上競技選手権大会), under the auspices of the International Association of Athletics Federations, were held in the Olympic Stadium in Tokyo, Japan between August 23 and September 1, 1991. 1,517 athletes from 167 countries participated in the event. Japan hosted again the championship in 2007 in Osaka and Tokyo hosted the event again in 2025 in a new venue built at the same location.

The event is best-remembered for the men's long jump competition, when Carl Lewis made the best six-jump series in history, only to be beaten by Mike Powell, whose 8.95 m (29 ft 4.36 in) jump broke Bob Beamon's long-standing world record from the 1968 Summer Olympics.

East and West Germany reunified into a single nation in 1990. As a result, this was the first global athletics championship since the 1964 Summer Olympics in which all German athletes competed as a single team.
Xinsheng station
Xinsheng station (Chinese: 新生; pinyin: Xīnshēng Zhàn; Jyutping: San1saang1 Zaam6; Cantonese Yale: Sānsāng Jaahm) is a station on Line 3 of Shenzhen Metro. It opened on 28 December 2024, and is located underground in Longgang District.

The station is part of the fourth phase of Line 3 (East Extension).

Concourse

Line 3 (Shenzhen Metro)
Line 3 (formerly branded as Longgang line) of the Shenzhen Metro runs northeastward from Futian Bonded Area to Pingdi Liulian. Line 3 opened on 28 December 2010.

Since opening, it has been heavily trafficked and became a major transport option for urban workers. Line 3 currently has a service interval of 5 minutes between trains across the entire length of the line. Sectional trains operate on weekdays, between Huaxin and Tangkeng, from 7:15 am to 9:15 am and from 5:45 pm to 7:45 pm. This is to alleviate surges in passenger traffic at Buji, since the opening of the connecting Shenzhen East.
Activity coefficient
In thermodynamics, an activity coefficient is a factor used to account for deviation of a mixture of chemical substances from ideal behaviour. In an ideal mixture, the microscopic interactions between each pair of chemical species are the same (or macroscopically equivalent, the enthalpy change of solution and volume variation in mixing is zero) and, as a result, properties of the mixtures can be expressed directly in terms of simple concentrations or partial pressures of the substances present e.g. Raoult's law. Deviations from ideality are accommodated by modifying the concentration by an activity coefficient. Analogously, expressions involving gases can be adjusted for non-ideality by scaling partial pressures by a fugacity coefficient.

The concept of activity coefficient is closely linked to that of activity in chemistry.

Chemical species
Chemical species are a specific form of chemical substance or chemically identical molecular entities that have the same molecular energy level at a specified timescale. These entities are classified through bonding types and relative abundance of isotopes. Types of chemical species can be classified based on the type of molecular entity and can be either an atomic, molecular, ionic or radical species.
Emile (film)
Emile is a Canadian film made in 2003 by Carl Bessai and released widely in 2004. The cast includes Ian McKellen and Deborah Kara Unger.  The film received 2 Genie Award nominations in 2005 for Best Achievement in Overall Sound and Best Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role for Ian McKellen.

Canadian Screen Award for Best Sound Mixing
The Canadian Screen Award for Best Achievement in Sound Mixing is awarded by the Academy of Canadian Cinema and Television to the best work by a sound designer in a Canadian film. Formerly known as Best Overall Sound, it was renamed to Best Sound Mixing at the 9th Canadian Screen Awards in 2021.
Unbreakable (2025 film)
Unbreakable is a 2025 Indian Hindi-language socio-political documentary  about the Aam Aadmi Party (AAP). It covers the arrest of party leader Arvind Kejriwal and other key members during the 2024 Indian general election. The 30-minute film includes interviews with prominent AAP figures such as Arvind Kejriwal, Atishi Marlena, Bhagwant Mann, Sandeep Pathak, Saurabh Bhardwaj, Manish Sisodia, Raghav Chadha, Satyendra Kumar Jain, Sanjay Singh and Jasmine Shah.

The documentary was originally set to be screened for the media in Delhi, but the event was stopped by the Delhi Police, who cited a lack of required permissions. AAP leaders, including Kejriwal, accused the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) of obstructing the screening.

Later, on 19 January 2025, YouTuber Dhruv Rathee released the documentary on his YouTube channel, which gained considerable attention.

Bhagwant Mann
Bhagwant Singh Mann (born 17 October 1973), better known by his stage name "Jugnu", is an Indian politician, social worker, former comedian, actor and singer who is currently serving as the 17th Chief Minister of Punjab (and also as leader of the house in state assembly since 16 March 2022. He represents the Dhuri Assembly constituency in the Punjab Legislative Assembly since 2022 and is also serving as the state convener of Aam Aadmi Party, Punjab since 2019. Previously, he was a member of the lower house of Parliament from Sangrur from 2014 to 2022.
Ginde Beret
Gindabarat (formerly known as: Kuttaayee-Liiban ) is one of the woredas in the Oromia Region of Ethiopia. The district is marginal within the central-highlands of Ethiopia, being isolated geographically by lowland gorges and rivers which physically separate it from all but one neighboring district (Abuna Gindabarat), due to a poor road network. Part of the West Shewa Zone, Gindabarat is bordered on the south by Jeldu, on the southwest by Ambo, on the west by the Guder River which separates it from the Horo Guduru Welega Zone, on the north by the Abay River which separates it from the Amhara Region, on the east by the Muger River which separates it from the North Shewa Zone, and on the southeast by Meta Robi. The major town in Gindabarat is Kachise (also called Kachisi). Abuna Gindabarat woreda was separated from Gindabarat.

Gudar River
The Gudar is a river of central Ethiopia. It is a left-bank tributary of the Abay or Blue Nile; tributaries of the Gudar include the Dabissa and the Taranta. The Gudar River has a drainage area about 7,011 square kilometers in size. It was bounded by the historical Endagabatan province.

In the 1600s, emperor Susenyos I and his troops traversed this river to meet Hadiya leader Sidi Mohammed at the Battle of Hadiya.

A Greek resident built the first bridge over the Gudar in 1897.
How Big, How Blue, How Beautiful Tour
The How Big Tour, How Blue Tour and the How Beautiful Tour were a series of three concert tours by English indie band Florence and the Machine, in support of their third studio album, How Big, How Blue, How Beautiful. The tour began on 9 September 2015 in Belfast, Northern Ireland and concluded on 3 July 2016 in Werchter, Belgium at Rock Werchter.

Queen of Peace (song)
"Queen of Peace" is a song by English indie rock band Florence and the Machine from their third studio album, How Big, How Blue, How Beautiful (2015). It was written by Florence Welch and Markus Dravs, and produced by the latter. The song was released on 4 September 2015 as the album's third single. "Queen of Peace" debuted at number 178 on the UK Singles Chart, peaking three weeks later at number 133, the band's first single to miss the top 100 since "Lover to Lover" in 2012.
Júlia Volaufová
Júlia Volaufová is a Slovak biostatistician whose research has applied statistics to questions involving food intake, dietary supplements, calorie restriction, body weight, and diabetes. Her more theoretical interests include mixed linear models, regression analysis, and statistical hypothesis testing. She is a professor emerita of biostatistics at the LSU Health Sciences Center New Orleans.

Biostatistics
Biostatistics (sometimes referred to as biometry) is a branch of statistics that applies statistical methods to a wide range of topics in the biological sciences, with a focus on clinical medicine and public health applications. 
The field encompasses the design of experiments, the collection and analysis of experimental and observational data, and the interpretation of the results.
It is closely related to medical statistics.
Kaskazini A District
Kaskazini A District (Wilaya ya Kaskazini A in Swahili)  is one of two administrative districts of Unguja North Region in Tanzania. The district covers an area of 229.6 km2 (88.6 sq mi). The district is comparable in size to the land area of Cook Islands. The district is bordered to the north on three sides by the Indian Ocean and to the south by Kaskazini B District. The district seat (capital) is the small town of Kivunge. According to the 2022 census, the district has a total population of 157,369.

Unguja North Region
Unguja North Region, Zanzibar North Region or North Zanzibar Region (Mkoa wa Unguja Kaskazini in Swahili) is one of the 31 regions of Tanzania. The region covers an area of 407 km2 (157 sq mi). The region is comparable in size to the combined land area of the nation state of Andorra. The administrative region is located entirely on the island of Zanzibar. Unguja North Region is bordered on three sides to the north by Indian Ocean, southeast by Unguja South Region and southwest by Mjini Magharibi Region. The regional capital is the town of Mkokotoni. The region has the fifth highest HDI in the country, making one of the most developed regions in the country. According to the 2012 census, the region has a total population of 187, 455. Zanzibar North is divided into two districts, Kaskazini A and Kaskazini B.
Ransom Everglades School
Ransom Everglades School is an independent, non-profit, co-educational, college-preparatory day school serving grades six to twelve in Coconut Grove in Miami, Florida, United States. It was formed with the merger in 1974 of the Everglades School for Girls and the Ransom School for Boys.

The school is a member of the National Association of Independent Schools, the College Entrance Examination Board, the Global Online Academy, and the Mastery Transcript Consortium, among other educational organizations.

National Association of Independent Schools
The National Association of Independent Schools (NAIS) is a U.S.-based membership organization for private, nonprofit, K-12 schools. Founded in 1962, NAIS represents independent schools and associations in the United States, including day, boarding, and day/boarding schools; elementary and secondary schools; boys', girls', and coeducational schools.  NAIS also has affiliate members internationally.
Tosa-Ananai Station
Tosa-Ananai Station (土佐穴内駅, Tosa-Ananai-eki) is a passenger railway station located in the town of Ōtoyo, Nagaoka District, Kōchi Prefecture, Japan. It is operated by JR Shikoku and has the station number "D31".

Nagaoka District, Kōchi
Nagaoka (長岡郡, Nagaoka-gun) is a district located in Kōchi Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the district has an estimated population of 10,393 and a density of 23.14 persons per km2. The total area is 449.15 km2.
Siege of Gaeta
The siege of Gaeta can refer to several historical sieges of the city of Gaeta in Italy:

Siege of Gaeta (1435), siege by Alfonso V of Aragon against a Genoese garrison

Siege of Gaeta (1707), Austrian attack during the War of the Spanish Succession

Siege of Gaeta (1734), French and Spanish attack during the War of the Polish Succession

Siege of Gaeta (1806), French attack during the War of the Third Coalition of the Napoleonic Wars

Siege of Gaeta (1815), Austrian attack during the Neapolitan War

Siege of Gaeta (1860), Piedmontese attack during the Italian Unification Wars

Siege of Gaeta (1734)
The siege of Gaeta was a siege during the War of Polish Succession fought at Gaeta, Italy. The Habsburgs at Gaeta withstood four months of siege from the Bourbon armies under the Duke of Parma (the future Charles III of Spain).

They were defeated on 6 August 1734 when the Spanish and French stormed the city. Twenty-seven years earlier, Austrian troops under Count Wirich Philipp von Daun had laid siege to Gaeta during the War of the Spanish Succession.

The Jacobite pretender Charles Edward Stuart was present for a time as an observer, his first exposure to war.
Donald Andrew Spencer Sr.
Donald Andrew Spencer Sr. (March 5, 1915 – May 4, 2010) was one of the first African American realtors in Cincinnati, the first African American broker to join the Cincinnati Board of Realtors, the first African American broker to serve as President of the Cincinnati Board of Realtors, and the first African American trustee at Ohio University in Athens, Ohio. He was appointed trustee of Ohio University by former Ohio Governor John J. Gilligan. He was the first African American to chair the Ohio University board of trustees in 1979 and served on the Ohio University board from 1974 to 1983. He was also the charter member of the Beta Eta chapter of Kappa Alpha Psi, a predominantly African American fraternity, at the University of Cincinnati.  He chartered the chapter in 1939.

Walnut Hills, Cincinnati
Walnut Hills is one of the 52 neighborhoods of Cincinnati, Ohio. One of the city's oldest hilltop neighborhoods, it is a large diverse area on the near east side of Cincinnati. The population was 6,344 in the 2020 census.
2019 Tour of Slovenia
The 2019 Tour of Slovenia (Slovene: Dirka po Sloveniji) was the 26th edition of the Tour of Slovenia cycling stage race, held between 19 and 23 June 2019.It was organised as a 2.HC race on the UCI Europe Tour, consisted of 5 stages in total.

The race andvanced from 2.1 into the higher class of competition.

After attacking on the climb to Dole on stage 3, Diego Ulissi (UAE Team Emirates) won this race for the second time, with his first overall victory coming in 2011.

UCI .HC road races
The UCI 1.HC and UCI 2.HC were the second tier classification of road cycling races by the UCI, after the UCI World Tour (or its predecessor, the UCI ProTour). They are now replaced by the UCI ProSeries. The races were part of the various UCI Continental Circuits. The 1.HC events were one-day races, whereas the 2.HC events were stage races. 'HC' stands for the  French phrase hors catégorie, which means beyond categorization. In 2020, the .HC races were replaced by the UCI ProSeries
Japanese cruiser Natori
Natori (名取) was a Nagara-class light cruiser in the Imperial Japanese Navy. The ship was named after the Natori River in Miyagi prefecture, Japan. Natori was the third vessel completed in the Nagara class of light cruisers. Like other vessels of her class, she was intended for use as the flagship of a destroyer flotilla.

Miyagi Prefecture
Miyagi Prefecture (宮城県, Miyagi-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [mʲiꜜ.ja.ɡʲi, -ŋʲi, mʲi.ja.ɡʲiꜜ.keɴ, -ŋʲiꜜ-]) is a prefecture of Japan located in the Tōhoku region of Honshu. Miyagi Prefecture has a population of 2,265,724 (1 August 2023) and has a geographic area of 7,282 km2 (2,812 sq mi). Miyagi Prefecture borders Iwate Prefecture to the north, Akita Prefecture to the northwest, Yamagata Prefecture to the west, and Fukushima Prefecture to the south.

Sendai is the capital and largest city of Miyagi Prefecture, and the largest city in the Tōhoku region, with other major cities including Ishinomaki, Ōsaki, and Tome. Miyagi Prefecture is located on Japan's eastern Pacific coast  and bounded to the west by the Ōu Mountains, the longest mountain range in Japan, with 24% of its total land area being designated as Natural Parks. Miyagi Prefecture is home to Matsushima Islands, a group of islands ranked as one of the Three Views of Japan, near the town of Matsushima.
Bill Rogers (athlete)
Bill Rogers (born 30 September 1985) is a Liberian runner. He was born in Kakata, Liberia. He competed in the 1500 metres dash in the IAAF World Youth Championships in Athletics in Debrecen, Hungary in July, 2001.

He currently holds the Liberian national record for the 1500 m. He ran a 4:01.56 for the Liberian record in Cotonou, Benin on 27 June 2004.

Rogers was slated to run the 800 metres representing Liberia in the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece but instead joined Sayon Cooper and Kouty Manweh in a boycott of the games due to alleged unfair treatment of the expelled Liberia National Olympic Committee (LNOC) boss, Clemenceau Urey.

In 2010 Bill formed the Bill Rogers Youth Foundation, benefiting and empowering the youth of Liberia. He is a graduate of El Paso Community College in El Paso, Texas and of Huston-Tillotson University in Austin, Texas with a Bachelor of Science in Kinesiology.

Debrecen
Debrecen (/ˈdɛbrətsɛn/ DEB-rət-sen; Hungarian: [ˈdɛbrɛt͡sɛn] ⓘ; German: Debrezin [ˈdɛbʁɛt͡siːn] ⓘ; Slovak: Debrecín [ˈɟɛbrɛt͡siːn] Romanian: Debrețin) is Hungary's second-largest city, after Budapest, the regional centre of the Northern Great Plain region and the seat of Hajdú-Bihar County. A city with county rights, it was the largest Hungarian city in the 18th century and it is one of the Hungarian people's most important cultural centres. Debrecen was also the capital city of Hungary during the revolution in 1848–1849. During the revolution, the dethronement of the Habsburg dynasty was declared in the Reformed Great Church. The city also served as the capital of Hungary by the end of World War II in 1944–1945. It is home to the University of Debrecen.
Lev Elterman
Lev Elterman (born January 14, 1969, in Leningrad, USSR) immigrated with his family in 1989 to the United States where he attended Rush Medical College. He graduated at the top of his class with a number of awards and then went on to urological residency at Rush University Medical Center.

He is serving as chief of the Urology section at Louis A. Weiss Memorial Hospital.

In 2001 Dr. Elterman founded the Chicago Association of Russian-speaking Physicians, a medical society devoted to continuing education of physicians of the Chicago area. He is also the president of this organization.

He is the founding chairman (2011) of the International Russian-speaking Urological Society, an organization dedicated to promoting highest standards in urological education for Russian speaking urologists around the world. This organization is recognized by the American Urological Association.

In 2019 Dr. Elterman was recognized as a top doctor for women by Chicago Magazine.

American Urological Association
The American Urological Association (AUA) is a professional association in the United States for urology professionals. It has its headquarters at the William P. Didusch Center for Urologic History in Maryland.

AUA works with many international organizations, representing urologists from across the world. These groups offer full or half day sessions, covering a variety of topics, during the annual meeting.