hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Route of California High-Speed Rail
The California High-Speed Rail system will be built in two major phases. Phase I, about 520 miles (840 km) long using high-speed rail through the Central Valley, will connect San Francisco to Los Angeles. In Phase 2, the route will be extended in the Central Valley north to Sacramento, and from east through the Inland Empire and then south to San Diego. The total system length will be about 800 miles (1,300 km) long. Phase 2 currently has no timeline for completion.

The Interim Initial Operating Segment currently under construction will connect the downtowns of Merced and Bakersfield. Its completion date is estimated to be between 2030 and 2033.

The route of Phase 1 has been selected, however, the route for Phase 2 has not been finalized.

Diablo Range
The Diablo Range is a mountain range in the California Coast Ranges subdivision of the Pacific Coast Ranges in northern California, United States. It stretches from the eastern San Francisco Bay Area at its northern end to the Salinas Valley area at its southern end.
Riccardo Del Fra
Riccardo Del Fra (born February 20, 1956, Rome) is an Italian jazz double-bassist, bandleader, composer, and arranger.

Del Fra first played guitar, then switched to upright bass when he was sixteen years old. He studied at a conservatory, played in the RAI Orchestra, and did work as a studio musician for film scores in the 1970s. Concomitantly, he began playing as a sideman in jazz venues in Rome for touring musicians, such as Art Blakey, Art Farmer, and Kai Winding. He joined Enrico Pieranunzi's ensemble in the late 1970s and played with Chet Baker; Del Fra and Baker played together frequently thereafter until Baker's death.

Del Fra eventually moved to Paris, where he worked in a trio setting with Alain Jean-Marie and Al Levitt and played local clubs as the backing band for visiting Americans. He also worked with Charles Loos, Barney Wilen, Lee Konitz, Joe Diorio, and Bob Brookmeyer in the 1980s and 1990s.

Lee Konitz
Leon "Lee" Konitz (October 13, 1927 – April 15, 2020) was an American jazz alto saxophonist and composer.

He performed successfully in a wide range of jazz styles, including bebop, cool jazz, and avant-garde jazz. Konitz's association with the cool jazz movement of the 1940s and 1950s includes participation in Miles Davis's Birth of the Cool sessions and his work with pianist Lennie Tristano. He was one of relatively few alto saxophonists of this era to retain a distinctive style, when Charlie Parker exerted a massive influence. Like other students of Tristano, Konitz improvised long, melodic lines with the rhythmic interest coming from odd accents, or odd note groupings suggestive of the imposition of one time signature over another. Other saxophonists were strongly influenced by Konitz, such as Paul Desmond and Art Pepper.

He died during the COVID-19 pandemic from complications brought on by the disease.
Murroogh
Murroogh (Irish: Muiriúch Tuaithe), sometimes named Murrooghtoohy or Murroghtwohy, is a hamlet in County Clare, Ireland. It covers the townlands of Murrooghtoohy North and Murrooghtoohy South. It is within the civil parish of Gleninagh, in the Barony of Burren. The area was officially classified as part of the West Clare Gaeltacht; an Irish-speaking community, until 1956.

Gaeltacht
A Gaeltacht (/ˈɡeɪltəxt/ GAYL-təkht, Irish: [ˈɡeːl̪ˠt̪ˠəxt̪ˠ], pl. Gaeltachtaí) is a district of Ireland, either individually or collectively, where the Irish government recognises that the Irish language is the predominant vernacular, or language of the home.
The Gaeltacht districts were first officially recognised during the 1920s in the early years of the Irish Free State, following the Gaelic revival, as part of a government policy aimed at restoring the Irish language.

The Gaeltacht is threatened by serious language decline. Research published in 2015 showed that Irish is spoken on a daily basis by two-thirds or more of the population in only 21 of the 155 electoral divisions in the Gaeltacht. Daily language use by two-thirds or more of the population is regarded by some academics as a tipping point for language survival.
Élisabeth-Paul-Édouard de Rossel
Élisabeth-Paul-Édouard de Rossel (1765-1829), also known as Chevalier de Rossel, was a French naval officer, explorer, and hydrographer. He took part in the voyage of Antoine Bruni d'Entrecasteaux to the Pacific (1791-1793), and became the leader of the expedition after the deaths of the  senior officers. The expedition disintegrated in the revolutionary wars, but Rossel was able to bring the records and collections of the expedition back to Europe and write the record of the voyage, which was published in 1808.

He was noted for his magnetic observations, which showed that the earth's magnetic field is not constant, but increases from the equator towards the poles. His subsequent career was with the French Hydrographic Office, of which he became director. He was important in planning the chain of lighthouses that were constructed around the French coast from 1825-1854.

Louisiade Archipelago
The Louisiade Archipelago is a string of ten larger volcanic islands frequently fringed by coral reefs, and 90 smaller coral islands in Papua New Guinea.

It is located 200 km southeast of New Guinea, stretching over more than 160 kilometres (99 mi) and spread over an ocean area of 26,000 square kilometres (10,000 sq mi) between the Solomon Sea to the north and the Coral Sea to the south. The aggregate land area of the islands is about 1,871 square kilometres (722 sq mi), with Vanatinai (Sudest) beingness the largest.

Rogeia (Logea), Samarai and Sariba lie closest to New Guinea, while Misima, Vanatinai, and Rossel islands lie further east.
Harukoi Otome
Harukoi Otome: Otome no Sono de Gokigen'yō (春恋＊乙女 ～乙女の園でごきげんよう。～; lit. "Springtime Romance Maidens ~Greetings from the Maidens' Garden~") is a Japanese adult visual novel, developed by BaseSon and released on January 27, 2006. It is playable on Windows as a DVD.

The gameplay includes multiple scenarios with courses of interaction, and focuses on the appeal of the six female characters. Harukoi Otome is BaseSon's fourth title.

An adult anime adaptation entitled Harukoi Otome: Otome no Sono de Aimashō (春恋＊乙女 ～乙女の園で逢いましょう。～) was released in 2008.

Gameplay
Gameplay is the specific way in which players interact with a game. The term applies to both video games and tabletop games. Gameplay is the connection between the player and the game, the player's overcoming of challenges, and the pattern of player behavior defined through the game's rules.
Dalton Smith (boxer)
Dalton Smith (born 8 February 1997) is a British professional boxer. He has held the World Boxing Council (WBC) super-lightweight title since January 2026. Previously, he held the European super-lightweight title in 2025, the British title between 2022 and 2024, and the Commonwealth title in 2023. As an amateur, he won a silver medal at the 2014 European Youth Championships and bronze at the 2015 Commonwealth Youth Games, both in the lightweight division, and won the 2018 ABA Championships at light-welterweight.

European Boxing Union
The European Boxing Union (EBU), formerly known as the International Boxing Union (IBU), is a pan-European governing body that sanctions championship bouts in professional boxing. The EBU governs the EBU European Championship, in addition to their EBU EU Championship for competitors from within the European Union and the EBU EE Championship for those outside the European Union. It is a federation affiliated with the World Boxing Council (WBC).

During most of the 20th century and, particularly, during start of the century, the EBU recognized many world title fights as the IBU. It competed against the American-based National Boxing Association (NBA), which staged the more high profile world title fights.
Harem conspiracy
The Harem conspiracy was a coup d'état attempt against the Egyptian pharaoh Ramesses III in 1155 BC. The principal figure behind the plot was one of the pharaoh's secondary wives, Tiye, who hoped to place her son Pentawer on the throne instead of the pharaoh's chosen successor Ramesses IV. The plot was mainly organized by the court official Pebekkamen. The plotters succeeded in killing the pharaoh but failed to establish Pentawer on the throne. In the aftermath, the leading conspirators were convicted and executed.

Polygyny
In Eritrea, India, the Philippines, Malaysia, Singapore, and Sri Lanka polygyny is legal only for Muslims.

In Nigeria and South Africa, polygynous marriages based on customary law are legally recognized for Muslims.

In Mauritius, polygynous unions have no legal recognition. However, Muslim men may marry up to four women, but they do not have the legal status of wives.

Polygyny (/pəˈlɪdʒɪni/) is a form of polygamy entailing the marriage of a man to several women. The term polygyny is from Neoclassical Greek πολυγυνία (polugunía); from Ancient Greek  πολύ (polú) 'many' and  γυνή (gunḗ) 'woman, wife'.
2024 Caribbean Baseball Cup
The 2024 Caribbean Baseball Cup was the fifth edition of the Caribbean Baseball Cup, an international baseball tournament organized the Caribbean Baseball Confederation (COCABE), a division of WBSC Americas.

The championship was held from 23 to 28 October 2024 in The Bahamas and was contested between six national teams: hosts Bahamas, Cuba, Curaçao, Dominican Republic, Sint Maarten, which made its international debut, and the United States Virgin Islands. All games were played at the Andre Rodgers National Baseball Stadium in Nassau.

Curaçao won the tournament by defeating the United States Virgin Islands 2–1 in the gold medal game. Cuba claimed the bronze medal with a 2–1 victory over debutants Sint Maarten. Hosts Bahamas finished last. All games were played over seven innings instead of the usual nine.

Bahamas national baseball team
The Bahamas national baseball team represents the Bahamas in international baseball competitions. The team is administered by the Bahamas Baseball Association (BBA).

The team played in the 2009 World Baseball Challenge, but went 0-6. They were managed by Jeffrey Francis.

The Bahamas have participated in three editions of the Caribbean Baseball Cup, hosting all three tournaments. Their best finish came in 2022, when the team placed fourth.
Edward Smith Deevey Jr.
Edward Smith Deevey Jr. (3 December 1914 – 29 November 1988), born in Albany, New York, was a prominent American ecologist and paleolimnologist, and an early protégé of G. Evelyn Hutchinson at Yale University. He was a creative pioneer in several areas, including quantitative palynology, cycling of natural isotopes, biogeochemistry, population dynamics, systematics and ecology of freshwater zooplankton, and he promoted the use of life tables in ecology.

In 1938, Deevey received his Ph.D. in Zoology from Yale University as a student of Hutchinson. He taught at Yale from 1946 to 1968. In 1971, he became curator of paleoecology at the Florida Museum of Natural History and a research professor at the University of Florida, where he remained until the time of his death.

Deevey served as president of the Ecological Society of America in 1969–70, and in 1982, received the Eminent Ecologist Award from that organization. He was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1981.

Biogeochemistry
Biogeochemistry is the scientific discipline that involves the study of the chemical, physical, geological, and biological processes and reactions that govern the composition of the natural environment (including the biosphere, the cryosphere, the hydrosphere, the pedosphere, the atmosphere, and the lithosphere). In particular, biogeochemistry is the study of biogeochemical cycles, the cycles of chemical elements such as carbon and nitrogen, and their interactions with and incorporation into living things transported through earth scale biological systems in space and time. The field focuses on chemical cycles which are either driven by or influence biological activity. Particular emphasis is placed on the study of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, iron, and phosphorus cycles. Biogeochemistry is a systems science closely related to systems ecology.
Malagasy Pro League
The PFL Championnat de Football National Division 1, known as the Coca-Cola Pureplay Football League for sponsorship reasons, is the premier association football league in Madagascar. Prior to 2019, it was known as the Three Horses Beer-sponsored THB Champions League and then the Orange Pro League.

In 2024, it was rebranded as the Coca-Cola Pureplay Football League, again for sponsorship reasons.

The highest-scoring football match in history occurred in Madagascar in 2002 when SO I’Emyrne scored 149 own goals in protest of a refereeing decision.

Own goal
An own goal occurs in sports when a player performs actions that result in scoring points for the opposition, such as when a footballer puts a ball into their own net.

In some parts of the world, the term has become a metaphor for any action that backfires on the person or group undertaking it, sometimes even carrying a sense of "poetic justice". During The Troubles, for instance, it acquired a specific metaphorical meaning in Belfast, referring to an IED (improvised explosive device) that detonated prematurely, killing the person making or handling the bomb with the intent to harm others.

A player trying to throw a game might deliberately attempt an own goal. Such players run the risk of being sanctioned or banned from further play.
Ouija (2015 film)
Ouija  (also known as Ouija: Game Never Ends) is a 2015 Kannada-language supernatural horror film produced by Vikram Raju under the Vega Entertainment banner. The movie is directed by Raaj Kumar Reddy. The film stars Bharath, Shraddha Das, Gayathri Iyer, Madhuri Itagi, Kadambari Jethwani, Sayaji Shinde, Avinash, Raja Ravindra and Raghu Kunche. The films' music has been composed by  Hari Nikesh. The stunt sequences in the film were directed by action director William Ong. All five songs for the film have been choreographed by Raghu Master. The major portion of this film was shot in Malaysia and Bangalore with a few scenes being shot in Hyderabad. The film was dubbed in Telugu as Aata.
Ouija was released in India on 6 November 2015.

Sayaji Shinde
Sayaji Shinde (Marathi pronunciation: [səjaːd͡ʒiː ʃin̪d̪eː]; born 13 January 1959) is an Indian actor who appears in Indian films.

Sayaji started his acting career in 1978 in Marathi Plays one-act plays. His performance in a 1987 Marathi play titled Zulva was very well received, and since then he started gaining popularity among the circle of stalwarts. Later, he moved on to Marathi cinema and then started acting in other languages. He won Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Marathi for Aboli (1995) film, for his reprising debutant role "Sayaji".

Sayaji Shinde joined the Ajit Pawar-led Nationalist Congress Party (NCP) on 11 October 2024 ahead of 2024 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly Elections in the presence of Maharashtra Deputy Chief Minister Ajit Pawar, NCP working president Praful Patel, and State unit chief Sunil Tatkare.
X-Fest
X-Fest is an annual music festival held in various venues throughout the United States by Clear Channel Communications radio stations. It features alternative rock, hard rock, heavy metal, grunge, and industrial rock bands.

Buckcherry
Buckcherry is an American hard rock band from Anaheim, California, formed in 1995. The band released two albums, Buckcherry (1999) and Time Bomb (2001), before dissolving in 2002. Buckcherry's first album Buckcherry was DreamWorks' first album to go gold. In 2005, lead vocalist Josh Todd and lead guitarist Keith Nelson reformed Buckcherry with a new lineup and released a new album in 2006, 15. It contained Buckcherry's biggest crossover hits to date, "Crazy Bitch", and their first Billboard Hot 100 top ten hit, "Sorry". The band continued to record albums, releasing seven between 2008 and 2023: Black Butterfly in 2008, All Night Long in 2010, Confessions in 2013, Rock 'n' Roll in 2015, Warpaint in 2019, Hellbound in 2021 and Vol. 10 in 2023. Their eleventh album, Roar Like Thunder was released in June 2025.
Polly Hill (horticulturist)
Mary Louise Butcher "Polly" Hill (January 30, 1907 – April 25, 2007) was an American horticulturist best known for testing how well plants could survive in cold climates. She founded the Polly Hill Arboretum on Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts.

Born in Ardmore, Pennsylvania, she graduated in 1928 from Vassar College. She went to Japan to teach English and learned about flower arrangement there. After returning to the United States, she studied botany and horticulture at the University of Maryland. She began her work in 1958 after inheriting what is now the arboretum from her parents.

Ardmore, Pennsylvania
Ardmore is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) spanning the border between Delaware and Montgomery counties in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. The population was 12,455 at the time of the 2010 census and had risen to 13,566 in the 2020 census.

Ardmore is a suburb on the west side of Philadelphia within Lower Merion Township in Montgomery County and Haverford Township in Delaware County.
Martin Goldstern
Martin Goldstern (born 7 May 1963 in Austria) is an Austrian mathematician and university professor for set theory at the TU Wien and head of the research unit 8 of the Institute of Discrete Mathematics and Geometry.
His main research lies in set theory of the real line and forcing theory, and applications of set theory in universal algebra.

He is cousin of Martin Karplus and great-nephew of Eugenie Goldstern.

Universal algebra
Universal algebra (sometimes called general algebra) is the field of mathematics that studies algebraic structures in general, not specific types of algebraic structures.
For instance, rather than considering groups or rings as the object of study—this is the subject of group theory and ring theory— in universal algebra, the object of study is the possible types of algebraic structures and their relationships.
The Fox of Glenarvon
The Fox of Glenarvon (German: Der Fuchs von Glenarvon) is a 1940 Nazi German anti-British propaganda drama film produced in World War II portraying Irish War of Independence in the aftermath of World War I. It was produced in 1940 by Max W. Kimmich and starred Olga Chekhova, Karl Ludwig Diehl, Ferdinand Marian and others. The screenplay was written by Wolf Neumeister and Hans Bertram based on a novel of the same title by Nicola Rhon (Maria von Kirchbach) that had been published by the Ullstein publishing house in 1937. It was made at the Johannisthal Studios in Berlin, with sets designed by the art directors Wilhelm Depenau and Otto Erdmann. The shoot lasted from December 1939 to February 1940. It passed censorship on 22 April 1940 and had its debut in Berlin's Ufa-Palast am Zoo two days later.

Ullstein Verlag
The Ullstein Verlag was founded by Leopold Ullstein in 1877 at Berlin and is one of the largest publishing companies of Germany. It published newspapers like B.Z. and Berliner Morgenpost and books through its subsidiaries Ullstein Buchverlage and Propyläen.
1984–85 Gamma Ethniki
The 1984–85 Gamma Ethniki was the second season since the official establishment of the third tier of Greek football in 1983. Panetolikos and Kilkisiakos were crowned champions in Southern and Northern Group respectively, thus winning promotion to Beta Ethniki. Ionikos and Naoussa also won promotion as a runners-up of the groups.

Chania, Nikaia Panegialios, Aias Salamina, Florina, Elassona, Aspida Xanthi, Alexandroupolis and Anagennisi Epanomi were relegated to Delta Ethniki.

Football League (Greece)
The Football League (Greek: Φούτμπολ Λιγκ), also officially known as Beta Ethniki Katigoria (Greek: Β΄ Εθνική Κατηγορία, lit. 'Second National Division'), was second-tier professional men's association football league in Greece since its inception in 1962 as Beta Ethniki and until 2019. It then served as a third-tier professional men's association football league after the creation of the Greek Super League 2 as the new second-tier professional men's association football league and it was eventually abolished in 2021 when the 2021–22 Super League 2 went from a 12 team to a 36 team league, absorbing most of the clubs from the Football League.
Top News
Top News is a 24-hour Albanian television news channel which launched on February 12, 2007. It is a sister to Top Channel, owned by its parent company Top Media Group. It is available via the TV provider DigitAlb via terrestrial, satellite, and OTT television.

News broadcasting
News broadcasting is the medium of broadcasting various news events and other information via television, radio, or the internet in the field of broadcast journalism. The content is usually either produced locally in a radio studio or television studio newsroom, or by a broadcast network. A news broadcast may include material such as sports coverage, weather forecasts, traffic reports, political commentary, expert opinions, editorial content, and other material that the broadcaster feels is relevant to their audience. An individual news program is typically reported in a series of individual stories that are presented by one or more anchors. A frequent inclusion is live or recorded interviews by field reporters.
Digitaria stenotaphrodes
Digitaria stenotaphrodes is a species of flowering plant in the family Poaceae, native to Pacific islands (the Gilbert Islands, the Howland and Baker Islands, the Phoenix Islands, Tokelau and Manihiki, Tuvalu, the Line Islands, the Society Islands, the Tuamotus, and the Caroline Islands). The species was first described in 1853, as Panicum stenotaphrodes, by Christian Nees von Esenbeck. It was transferred to Digitaria in 1906 by Otto Stapf.

Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck
Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck (14 February 1776 – 16 March 1858) was a prolific German botanist, physician, zoologist, and natural philosopher. He was a contemporary of Goethe and was born within the lifetime of Linnaeus. He described approximately 7,000 plant species (almost as many as Linnaeus himself). His last official act as president of the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina was to admit Charles Darwin as a member. He was the author of numerous monographs on botany and zoology and majority of his best-known works deal with fungi. The standard author abbreviation Nees is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.
Addison (Vermont Senate district)
44°42′N 73°19′W﻿ / ﻿44.70°N 73.32°W﻿ / 44.70; -73.32

The Addison district is one of 16 districts of the Vermont Senate. The current district plan is included in the redistricting and reapportionment plan developed by the Vermont General Assembly following the 2020 U.S. census, which applies to legislatures elected in 2022, 2024, 2026, 2028, and 2030.

The Addison district includes all of Addison County, Buel's Gore and the Town of Huntington from Chittenden County, and the Town of Rochester from Windsor County.

Hancock, Vermont
Hancock is a town in Addison County, Vermont, United States. The town was named for John Hancock. The population was 359 at the 2020 census. Hancock is home to the Middlebury College Snow Bowl and contains Middlebury Gap through the Green Mountains.

Hancock was one of thirteen Vermont towns isolated by flooding caused by Hurricane Irene in 2011.