hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
4-ANPP
4-ANPP, also known as 4-anilino-N-phenethylpiperidine (4-ANPP), 4-aminophenyl-1-phenethylpiperidine, or despropionyl fentanyl, is a direct precursor to fentanyl and acetylfentanyl. It is commonly found as a contaminant in samples of drugs containing fentanyl, which may include samples represented by the supplier as heroin or other opioids. It is not psychoactive and is present only as a result of improper chemical purification.

4-ANPP is useful in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, primarily fentanyl and related analogs. Paul Janssen (founder of Janssen Pharmaceutica) first synthesized fentanyl in 1960 using a similar method, with Benzylfentanyl as an intermediate. The following synthesis, developed by an individual under the pseudonym of Siegfried, involves the reductive amination of N-phenethyl-4-piperidinone (NPP) with aniline to make to 4-ANPP.  This product is reacted with propionyl chloride or acetyl chloride to form either fentanyl or acetylfentanyl.

Reductive amination
Reductive amination (also known as reductive alkylation) is a form of amination that converts a carbonyl group to an amine via an intermediate imine. The carbonyl group is most commonly a ketone or an aldehyde. It is a common method to make amines and is widely used in green chemistry since it can be done catalytically in one-pot under mild conditions. In biochemistry, dehydrogenase enzymes use reductive amination to produce the amino acid glutamate. Additionally, there is ongoing research on alternative synthesis mechanisms with various metal catalysts which allow the reaction to be less energy taxing, and require milder reaction conditions. Investigation into biocatalysts, such as imine reductases, have allowed for higher selectivity in the reduction of chiral amines which is an important factor in pharmaceutical synthesis.
Ampelocissus africana
Ampelocissus africana is a species of flowering plant in the grape family, Vitaceae. It is a type of woody vine or liana that bears edible fruit. It was originally described botanically in 1790 by João de Loureiro as Botria africanus, which is the basionym for its treatment here under Ampelocissus.

Liana
A liana (/liˈænə/ lee-ANN-ə, also /-ɑːnə/ -⁠AH-nə) is a long-stemmed woody vine that is rooted in the soil at ground level and uses trees, as well as other means of vertical support, to climb up to the canopy in search of direct sunlight. The word liana does not refer to a taxonomic grouping, but rather a habit of plant growth—much like tree or shrub. It comes from standard French liane, itself from an Antilles French dialect word meaning 'to sheave'.
Hibshman Farm
The Hibshman Farm, also known as the Schantz Farm, is an historic home and farm complex which is located in Ephrata Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.

Lancaster County, Pennsylvania
Lancaster County (/ˈlæŋkɪstər/), sometimes nicknamed the Garden Spot of America or Pennsylvania Dutch Country, is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, United States.

As of the 2020 census, the population was 552,984, making it Pennsylvania's sixth-most populous county. Its county seat is also Lancaster. Lancaster County comprises the Lancaster metropolitan statistical area. Lancaster County is a tourist destination with its Amish community being a major attraction. The ancestors of the Amish began to immigrate to colonial Pennsylvania in the early 18th century to take advantage of the religious freedom offered by William Penn, as well as the area's rich soil and mild climate. They were joined by French Huguenots fleeing the religious persecution of Louis XIV. There were also significant numbers of English, Welsh and Ulster Scots (also known as the Scotch-Irish in the colonies). The county is part of the South Central region of the commonwealth.
Bertrand Mandico
Bertrand Mandico (born 21 March 1971) is a French film director and screenwriter. His first feature film, The Wild Boys (2017), was named the top film of 2018 by Cahiers du cinéma. He has also written and directed After Blue (2021), and She Is Conann (2023). His films are often interested in the body and gender fluidity and incorporate photos and written elements.

Cahiers du Cinéma's Annual Top 10 Lists
The following is a list of the top 10 films chosen annually by the critics of Cahiers du Cinéma, a French film magazine. The magazine started the lists in 1951, but did not publish a list from 1952 to 1953 and from 1969 to 1980 and in 2003.
Davi Alcolumbre
Davi Samuel Alcolumbre Tobelem (Brazilian Portuguese: [daˈvi sɐmuˈɛw awkoˈlũbɾi toˈbɛlẽj̃]; born 19 June 1977) is a Brazilian politician member of Brazil Union (UNIÃO). He is Senator for Amapá and has been President of the Federal Senate since 1 February 2025, having previously served in the same role from 2019 to 2021. He is also a former President of the National Congress of Brazil.

Of Moroccan ancestry, Alcolumbre was the first Jew to hold the office of President of the Senate in the history of Brazil.

Brazil Union
The Brazil Union (Portuguese: União Brasil, UNIÃO) is a liberal-conservative political party in Brazil. The party was founded on 6 October 2021 through the merger of the Democrats (DEM), thus tracing its lineage to ARENA, the governing party of Brazil’s military dictatorship, and the Social Liberal Party (PSL). The merger resulted in the biggest party in Brazil, and was approved by Brazil's Superior Electoral Court on 8 February 2022.

The party is generally split on opposition to Jair Bolsonaro and is most often in opposition to the policies of Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, nominating Soraya Thronicke for president in 2022 Brazilian general election. In 2022, it was reported the party was in talks with the Progressistas to form the largest bloc in Congress. The formation of the alliance, the Progressive Union, was approved in April 2025, making the broader federation, the largest bloc in Congress.
Silapathai Jockygym
Adul Khunnoi (Thai: อดุลย์ ขุนน้อย; born November 23, 1974), known professionally as Silapathai Jockygym (Thai: ศิลปไทย จ๊อกกี้ยิม), is a Thai retired Muay Thai fighter. He is a two-division Rajadamnern Stadium champion who was famous in the 1990s. Nicknamed "The 116 Front Kicks", he was especially known for his evasive, kicking style.

Udon Thani province
Udon Thani province (Thai/Northeastern Thai: อุดรธานี, Thai pronunciation: [ʔù.dɔ̄ːn tʰāː.nīː], Lao pronunciation: [ʔú.dɔ̀ːn tʰáː.níː]) is one of Thailand's seventy-six provinces (changwat) which lies in upper northeastern Thailand, also called Isan. It is bordered by the provinces of Nong Khai to the north, Sakon Nakhon to the east, Kalasin province to the southeast, Khon Kaen to the south, and Loei and Nong Bua Lamphu to the west. It occupies an area of 11,072 km2 (4,275 sq mi). The total forest area is 1,131 km2 (437 sq mi) or 10.2 percent of provincial area. The provincial capital is Udon Thani, the major city in the province.
Wes Packer
Wes Packer (born 1977) is a former Welsh comedian from the Rhondda Valleys in Wales, UK.

He began his comedy career at Poncho Comedy Club, at the 'A Shot in The Dark' coffee shop in Cardiff in 2005.

In August 2006 he won the comedy newcomer award So You Think You're Funny?, at which point he was still working full-time as a computer programmer.

As a result, Wes went on to perform at the Just For Laughs Comedy Festival in Montreal, Quebec in 2007 alongside Frank Skinner, Jimmy Carr, Richard Herring, Michael McIntyre, John Moloney and Mickey Hutton.

He has been described as an energetic and fearless act with 'a bard-like narrative talent'.

Just for Laughs
Just for Laughs (French: Juste pour rire) is a comedy festival that is held every July in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Founded in 1982 by Gilbert Rozon, it is the largest international comedy festival in the world. In addition to the festivals themselves, Just for Laughs also developed, produced, and distributed other forms of comedy entertainment, such as television programming.

In March 2024, it was announced that Just for Laughs as a business went bankrupt, and consequently, all of its festivals were cancelled. The media speculated about its future in Montreal, and how it could be uncertain. In May, however, ComediHa, another Quebec-based company specializing in comedy, announced its acquisition of several assets, including the festival. It was then announced that the anglophone festival would go on, albeit smaller, and without the usual televised galas.
Göhren (Tramm)
Göhren (German pronunciation: [ˈɡøːʁən]) is a village and a former municipality  in the Ludwigslust-Parchim district, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. Since 1 July 2011, it is part of the municipality Tramm.

Ludwigslust-Parchim
Ludwigslust-Parchim, commonly abbreviated as LUP, is a rural district in the southwest of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. At 4,750 km2 (1,830 mi2) it is the second largest district in all of Germany by area, only being surpassed by neighboring Mecklenburgische Seenplatte, while also having the lowest population density of the districts in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern and the sixth-lowest in Germany overall. Its territory comprises 145 municipalities, 16 thereof towns, most of which are administered by one of the 15 constituent Ämter in the district. The seat of the district administration is Parchim. It is a member of the Hamburg Metropolitan Region.
Pius Michaud
Pius Michaud (August 28, 1870 – July 5, 1956) was a Canadian lawyer and politician who served in the House of Commons of Canada. He represented the electoral district of Victoria from 1907 to 1917, and Restigouche—Madawaska from 1917 to 1925, as a member of the Liberal Party.

He was the son of Felix Michaud and Marguerite H. Violette and was educated at St. Joseph's College. In 1899, he married Marie Hebert. Michaud served as secretary-treasurer for the council for Madawaska County. He lived in Edmundston.

He won the riding of Victoria by acclamation in 1907, following the appointment of John Costigan to the Senate, and was reelected in the 1908 and 1911 elections. He was subsequently re-elected in the redistributed riding of Restigouche—Madawaska in the 1917 and 1921 elections, but was defeated by Arthur Culligan of the Conservatives in the 1925 election.

Madawaska County, New Brunswick
Madawaska County (2021 population 32,603), also known as the "New Brunswick Panhandle", is located in northwestern New Brunswick, Canada. 94% of the county’s population speaks French (88% as first language, 6.1% as second language). Its Francophone population are known as "Brayons." Forestry is the major industry in the county.
Mykyty
Mykyty (Ukrainian: Микити) is a village (selo) in Zolochiv Raion, Lviv Oblast, in western Ukraine. It belongs to Pidkamin settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.

From 1918 to 1939 the village was in Tarnopol Voivodeship in Poland.

Until 18 July 2020, Mykyty belonged to Brody Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Lviv Oblast to seven. The area of Brody Raion was merged into Zolochiv Raion.

Zolochiv Raion
Zolochiv Raion (Ukrainian: Золочівський район) is a raion (district) in Lviv Oblast in western Ukraine. Its administrative center is the city of Zolochiv. Population: 158,943 (2022 estimate).

It was established in 1939.

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Lviv Oblast was reduced to seven, and the area of Zolochiv Raion was significantly expanded. Two abolished raions, Brody and Busk Raions, were merged into Zolochiv Raion. At the same time, part of Zolochiv Raion was transferred to Lviv Raion. The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 68,394 (2020 est.).
Deep Creek Ranger Station
The Deep Creek Ranger Station in Bitterroot National Forest in Idaho County, Idaho was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.  It is in the vicinity of Darby, Montana.  It has also been known as Magruder Ranger Station.

It includes a complex of Rustic-style administrative buildings dating from the 1920s through 1940s.

Idaho County, Idaho
Idaho County is a county in the U.S. state of Idaho, and the largest by area in the state. As of the 2020 census, the population was 16,541. The county seat is Grangeville. Previous county seats of the area were Florence (1864–68), Washington (1868–75), and Mount Idaho (1875–1902).
Granville Pearl Aikman
Granville Pearl Aikman (December 26, 1858 – September 29, 1923) was an American attorney and judge who was a Judge of the 13th District Court of Kansas from 1900 until 1913. During his time on the bench, he presided over many cases involving railroad and oil companies, and issued several historically first injunctions and decisions. A supporter of women's suffrage, he appointed the first female bailiff in the history of the United States, and empaneled the first jury consisting entirely of women in the history of Kansas (second ever in the United States).

Bailiff
A bailiff is a manager, overseer or custodian – a legal officer to whom some degree of authority or jurisdiction is given. There are different kinds, and their offices and scope of duties vary.

Another official sometimes referred to as a bailiff was the Vogt. In the Holy Roman Empire a similar function was performed by the Amtmann. They are mostly known for being the officer that keeps the order in a court of law and who also administers oaths to people who participate in court proceedings.
Sheriff Stephen Wiley Brewer Farmstead
Sheriff Stephen Wiley Brewer Farmstead, also known as the Regan Property, is a historic home and farm located at Pittsboro, Chatham County, North Carolina.  The main house was built about 1887, and is a two-story Italianate / Queen Anne style gable-and-wing frame dwelling. It features a gabled wing with one-story bay window and a one-story porch across the main block.  Also on the property are the contributing original granary and smokehouse.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2003.

Smokehouse
A smokehouse (North American) or smokery (British) is a building where meat or fish is cured with smoke. The finished product might be stored in the building, sometimes for a year or more. Even when smoke is not used, such a building—typically a subsidiary building—is sometimes referred to as a "smokehouse".  When smoke is not used, the term meathouse or meat house is common.
1969 Davis Cup Eastern Zone
The Eastern Zone was one of the three regional zones of the 1969 Davis Cup.

8 teams entered the Eastern Zone, competing across 2 sub-zones. The winner of each sub-zones would play against each other to determine who would compete in the Inter-Zonal Zone against the winners of the Americas Zone and Europe Zone.

Japan received a walkover in the Zone A final after South Vietnam withdrew, while India defeated Ceylon in the Zone B final. In the Inter-Zonal final India defeated Japan and progressed to the Inter-Zonal Zone.

Sri Lanka Davis Cup team
The Sri Lanka Davis Cup team represents Sri Lanka in Davis Cup tennis competition and are governed by the Sri Lanka Tennis Association.

Sri Lanka currently do compete in the Asia/Oceania Zone of Group III.  They have reached the semifinals of Group II on five occasions.
Sarla Behn
Sarla Behn (born Catherine Mary Heilman; 5 April 1901 – 8 July 1982) was an English Gandhian social activist whose work in the Kumaon region of India helped create awareness about the environmental destruction in the Himalayan forests of the state. She played a key role in the evolution of the Chipko Movement and influenced a number of Gandhian environmentalists in India including Chandi Prasad Bhatt, Bimala behn and Sunderlal Bahuguna. Along with Mirabehn, she is known as one of Mahatma Gandhi's two English daughters. The two women's work in Garhwal and Kumaon, respectively, played a key role in bringing focus on issues of environmental degradation and conservation in independent India.

Chipko movement
The Chipko movement (Hindi: चिपको आन्दोलन, lit. 'hugging movement') is a forest conservation movement in India. Opposed to commercial logging and the government's policies on deforestation, protesters in the 1970s engaged in tree hugging, wrapping their arms around trees so that they could not be felled.

Today, beyond its eco-socialist reputation, the movement is seen increasingly as an ecofeminist one. Although many of its leaders were men, women had a much more significant participation, as they were the ones most affected by the rampant deforestation, which led to a lack of firewood, fodder and water for drinking and irrigation. Over the years the women also became primary stakeholders in a majority of the afforestation work that happened under the Chipko movement. In 1987, the Chipko movement was awarded the Right Livelihood Award "for its dedication to the conservation, restoration and ecologically-sound use of India's natural resources".
South Sandy Creek
South Sandy Creek is a small tributary to Lake Ontario in Jefferson and Lewis counties in the U.S. state of New York. South Sandy Creek flows from its source in the Tug Hill region westward through the village of Ellisburg before emptying into Lake Ontario.

Tug Hill
Tug Hill, sometimes referred to as the Tug Hill Plateau, is an upland region in northern New York state, notable for heavy winter snows.  The Tug Hill region is east of Lake Ontario, north of Oneida Lake, and west of the Adirondack Mountains. The region is separated from the Adirondacks by the Black River Valley.

Although the region was sometimes known as the Tug Hill plateau because its top is flat, it is not a plateau, but rather a cuesta, since it is composed of sedimentary rocks that tip up on one side, rising from about 350 feet (110 m) on the west to over 2,000 feet (610 m) in the east.

It covers portions of four Upstate New York counties: Jefferson, Lewis, Oneida, and Oswego.
Betsy Ross Arts Magnet School
Betsy Ross Arts Magnet School is an interdistrict middle school located at 150 Kimberly Avenue, New Haven, Connecticut, with a focus on the arts.

Students are offered an array of art subjects including music, visual art, dance and theater along with additional disciplines within each subject. While students do partake in arts classes during each school day, academic programs are also an important focus. Betsy Ross has many connections within the New Haven county community including the Quinnipiac University College Scholars Program and a residency with Shubert Theatre (New Haven).

Shubert Theatre (New Haven)
The Shubert Theatre is a 1,600-seat theatre located at 247 College Street in New Haven, Connecticut. It is currently operated as a non-profit organization by the Columbus Association for the Performing Arts (CAPA).
Konrad Viktor Schneider
Konrad Viktor Schneider (1614 in Bitterfeld – 10 August 1680 in Wittenberg) was a German physician and anatomist.

He studied at the University of Wittenberg, and in 1636 became a professor of medicine at the University of Jena. Two years later he returned to Wittenberg, where in June 1640 he was appointed professor of anatomy and botany.

In 1660–62 he published "De catarrhis", a multi-volume work in which he refuted the long-held belief that nasal mucus was a cerebral secretion. The eponym "Schneiderian membrane" is another name for the nasal mucosa.

Schneiderian membrane
In anatomy, the Schneiderian membrane is the membranous lining of the maxillary sinus cavity.
Microscopically there is a bilaminar membrane with pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelial cells on the internal (or cavernous) side and periosteum on the osseous side. The size of the sinuses varies in different skulls, and even on the two sides of the same skull. This membrane is present in the nasal chamber which helps to smell (olfactory receptor)
Belinda Allison
Belinda Allison is an Australian mountain bike orienteer. She won a silver medal in the middle distance at the 2004 World MTB Orienteering Championships, shared with Laure Coupat, and placed sixth in the long distance.

World Mountain Bike Orienteering Championships
The World Mountain Bike Orienteering Championships is the official event for awarding World Champion titles in mountain bike orienteering. The World Championships, also known as WMTBOC, were first held in 2002, and since 2004 they have been organized annually – except in 2020.  The programme includes Long distance, Middle distance, Sprint, Mass Start (unofficial in 2016 and official from 2017), and a Relay for both men and women.
Scheibel
Scheibel is German surname:

Arnold Bernard Scheibel (1923–2017), American neuroscientist

Gottfried Ephraim Scheibel (1696–1759), German theologian and writer about music

James Scheibel (born 1947), American politician

Johann Gottfried Scheibel (1783–1843), a German Lutheran leader

Markus Scheibel (born 1964, in Schönebeck (Elbe)), German footballer

Oscar Scheibel (1881–1953), German beetle collector

Schönebeck
Schönebeck (German: [ˈʃøːnəbɛk] ⓘ), officially Schönebeck (Elbe), is a town in the district of Salzlandkreis, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It is situated on the left bank of the Elbe, approx. 14 kilometres (9 miles) southeast of Magdeburg.

For much of the twentieth century it was noted for its large salt mine.

The manor house of Schönebeck was owned by Count Heinrich von Blumenthal, Mayor of Magdeburg, until 1810.

The firm of Sellier & Bellot opened a munitions factory there in the 1829.
Al Ma'wa Wildlife Reserve
The Al Ma'wa Wildlife Reserve in Jerash province, 48 kilometres north of Amman, was established in 2011 by the Princess Alia Foundation in partnership with the international animal welfare organisation Four Paws. It is the largest sanctuary for rescued and mistreated wildlife in the Middle East. Covering 140 hectares donated by the Jordanian Agriculture Ministry, it includes habitats for large cats and bears. In December 2020, Four Paws transferred two Himalayan brown bears from the closing Islamabad Zoo.

Islamabad Zoo
Islamabad Zoo (Urdu: اسلام آباد چڑیا گھر), previously Marghazar Zoo, was an 82-acre (33 ha) zoo in Islamabad Capital Territory. It was opened in 1978, and was under the administration of Capital Development Authority of Pakistan before its closure in December 2020 due to its mistreatment of animals.

In May 2020, the Islamabad High Court ruled to transfer management of the park and its non-human species to the Islamabad Wildlife Management Board and transfer all animals to shelters, and the board took administrative control in June 2021. A renovation of the zoo as a conservation centre is being planned and subsequently, the zoo being shut down temporarily.
Divas Hit the Road 5 season 5
Divas Hit The Road 5 (Chinese: 花儿与少年·丝路季) is a celebrity self-guided study tour reality show jointly produced by Hunan Television and Mango TV. The show premiered on Mango TV on October 25, 2023, with new episodes released every Wednesday at 12:00 PM, and began airing simultaneously on Hunan Television every Thursday at 10:00 PM starting October 26. As the fifth season of the Divas Hit The Road series, this installment features seven celebrity guests—Qin Hailu, Qin Lan, Xin Zhilei, Dilraba Dilmurat, Zhao Zhaoyi, Wang Anyu, and Hu Xianxu—who travel to different countries and cities with limited funds to explore local history and culture.

Divas Hit the Road
Divas Hit the Road (花儿与少年) is a reality television show produced by Hunan TV. In each season, a group of "sisters" and "brothers" travel together while planning and managing their own trips. The first season aired in 2014, and the most recent season in 2025.