hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2015 Armenian constitutional referendum
A constitutional referendum was held in Armenia on 6 December 2015. Its amendments to the constitution put the country on a course from having a semi-presidential system to being a parliamentary republic, with the changes beginning to take place during the 2017–18 electoral cycle. The referendum passed with 66% of voters supporting it. Voter turnout was 51%, passing the 33% threshold to validate the results.

Opponents of the new constitution, who argued that the amendment was President Serzh Sargsyan's way to stay in power after the end of his second and last term in office, alleged that violence, coercion and electoral fraud were used to secure the vote.

Orinats Yerkir
Orinats Yerkir (Armenian: Օրինաց երկիր, lit. 'Rule of Law', ՕԵԿ/OEK) is a political party operating in Armenia. Its foundation was in 1998, and founder Artur Baghdasaryan continues to lead the party. The party was formerly known as Armenian Renaissance (Armenian: Հայկական վերածնունդ, romanized: Haykakan veratsnund), during the run-up to the 2017 parliamentary elections.

The party's name is translated into English in a number of ways, including Country of Law and Rule of Law.
1976 NCAA Division III baseball tournament
The 1976 NCAA Division III baseball tournament was played at the end of the 1976 NCAA Division III baseball season to determine the first national champion of college baseball at the NCAA Division III level.  The tournament concluded with four teams competing at Pioneer Park in Marietta, Ohio, for the championship.  Four regional tournaments were held to determine the participants in the World Series. Regional tournaments were contested in double-elimination format, with three regions consisting of six teams and one consisting of four, for a total of 22 teams participating in the tournament. The tournament champion was Stanislaus State, who defeated Ithaca for the championship.

Stanislaus State Warriors
The Stanislaus State Warriors (also Stan State Warriors and Cal State Stanislaus Warriors) are the athletic teams that represent California State University, Stanislaus, located in Turlock, California, in NCAA Division II intercollegiate sports. The Warriors compete as members of the California Collegiate Athletic Association for all 13 varsity sports.
Broadway Scandals
Broadway Scandals is an All-Talking 1929 American Pre-Code musical film directed by George Archainbaud. The film stars Jack Egan, Sally O'Neil, and Carmel Myers. The sound was recorded via the Western Electric sound-on-film process.

Sound-on-film
Sound-on-film is a class of sound film processes where the sound accompanying a picture is recorded on photographic film, usually, but not always, the same strip of film carrying the picture.  Sound-on-film processes can either record an analog sound track or digital sound track, and may record the signal either optically or magnetically. Earlier technologies were sound-on-disc, meaning the film's soundtrack would be on a separate phonograph record.
Trans-Iranian Railway
The Trans-Iranian Railway (Persian: راه‌آهن سراسری ایران, romanized: Râh-âhan-e Sarâsari-ye Irân) was a major railway building project started in Pahlavi Iran in 1927 and completed in 1938, under the direction of the then-Iranian monarch Reza Shah. It was entirely built with indigenous capital, and links the capital Tehran with Bandar Shahpur (now: Bandar-e Emam Khomeyni) on the Persian Gulf in the south and Bandar Shah (now: Bandar Torkaman) on the Caspian Sea in the north, via Ahvaz and Qom. In 1961, under Reza Shah's son Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, it was extended from Bandar Shah to a new terminus in Gorgan. During the land reforms of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi in 1963, as part of the "White Revolution", the Trans-Iranian railway was extended to link Tehran to Mashhad, Tabriz, and Isfahan.

The original 1938 Bandar Shahpur-to-Bandar Shah route was designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in July 2021.

Khorramshahr
Khorramshahr (Persian: خرمشهر; [xoræmˈʃæhɾ]) is a city in the Central District of Khorramshahr County, Khuzestan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. It is also known in Arabic by the local ethnically Arab population as Al-Muhammarah (Arabic: المحمرة).

Khorramshahr is an inland port city located approximately 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) north of Abadan. The city extends to the right bank of the Shatt Al Arab waterway near its confluence with the Haffar arm of the Karun river. The city was destroyed in the Iran–Iraq War, with the 1986 census recording a population of zero. Khorramshahr was rebuilt after the war, and more recent censuses show that the population has returned to the pre-war level.
Basibasy
Basibasy is a municipality in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Morombe, which is a part of Atsimo-Andrefana Region. The population of the commune was estimated to be approximately 12,000 in 2001 commune census.

To Basibasy belong also the fokontany (villages) of Basibasy, Ambariaho, Behibake, Antalivy, Bevondro, Ankilambahia, Aminaomby and Taimbalabo.

Only primary schooling is available. The majority 55% of the population of the commune are farmers, while an additional 43% receives their livelihood from raising livestock. The most important crop is rice, while other important products are maize and cassava. Services provide employment for 2% of the population.

Atsimo-Andrefana
Atsimo-Andrefana (South West) is a region of Madagascar. It borders Menabe in north, Amoron'i Mania and Haute Matsiatra in northeast, Ihorombe and Anosy in east and Androy in southeast. The capital is Toliara and the population was 1,799,088 in 2018. Atsimo Andrefana is geographically the largest of all Malagasy regions with an area of 66,236 km2 (25,574 sq mi).
John B. LeBlanc
Jean (John) B. LeBlanc (born November 23, 1939, in Rogersville, New Brunswick) is a Canadian retired jockey in Thoroughbred horse racing. He competed at many of the top racetracks in the United States but for most of his career was based in Ontario where he was commonly known as John, the English language translation for his name.

LeBlanc is best known for riding Jean-Louis Lévesque's La Prevoyante through an undefeated 1972 campaign in North America. An inductee in both the Canadian Horse Racing Hall of Fame and U.S. Racing Hall of Fame, the filly won all twelve of her starts under LeBlanc en route to be voted the 1972 Eclipse Award as American Champion Two-Year-Old Filly, the National Turf Writers Association's U.S. Horse of the Year and the Sovereign Award as the Canadian Horse of the Year.

Canadian Horse of the Year
The Canadian Horse of the Year is a thoroughbred horse racing honour given annually since 1951 by the Jockey Club of Canada. It is the most prestigious honour in Canadian thoroughbred horse racing.

Part of the Sovereign Awards program since 1975, it is similar to the Eclipse Award for American Horse of the Year honours given in the United States.

The original eligibility rules stipulated that the winner be a Canadian-bred horse that did its "best running" in Canada. In 1964, the rule was altered for Northern Dancer, who was a Canadian-bred but whose most notable wins came in the United States when he won the Kentucky Derby and Preakness Stakes. Eventually the requirement that the horse be a Canadian-bred was also dropped. The current rules simply require that the horse have raced at least three times in Canada during the given year (two times for two-year-olds).
Oldham Clegg Street railway station
Oldham Clegg Street railway station was the Oldham, Ashton-under-Lyne and Guide Bridge Junction Railway station that served the town of Oldham in northwest England, it had three associated goods stations.

Greenfield railway station
Greenfield railway station serves the village of Greenfield, in Greater Manchester, England. It is a stop on the Huddersfield Line, 12 miles (20 km) north-east of Manchester Victoria. It is the final station in Greater Manchester before the boundary with West Yorkshire. It is managed by Northern Trains, although only TransPennine Express trains call at this station.

The station is located near to the reservoirs of Dovestone and Chew, as well as the whole of Chew Valley in the Peak District National Park.
Chojecki
Chojecki is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Artur Chojecki (born 1974), Polish politician

Edmund Chojecki (1822–1899), Polish journalist, playwright, novelist, poet, and translator

Mirosław Chojecki (1949–2025), Polish publisher and film producer

Artur Chojecki
Artur Henryk Chojecki (born April 19, 1974, in Elbląg) is a Polish politician and local government official who served as the Voivode of Warmian–Masurian Voivodeship in the years 2015–2023 and from 2023 is a member of the Sejm of the 10th term.
Mount Carru
Mount Carru is an 8,595-foot (2,620-metre) mountain summit located in western Okanogan County in Washington state. It is the seventh-highest peak of the Okanogan Range, which is a sub-range of the North Cascades. The mountain is situated in the Pasayten Wilderness on land administered by the Okanogan–Wenatchee National Forest. The nearest higher peak is Mount Lago, 0.8 mile (1.3 km) to the east, and Osceola Peak rises one mile (1.6 km) west. The mountain has a steep north face, but the south slope is covered in scree which allows a nontechnical climbing ascent. Precipitation runoff from Mount Carru drains north into Lease Creek which is a tributary of the Pasayten River, or south into Eureka Creek, which is part of the Methow River drainage basin.

Pasayten River
The Pasayten River is a tributary of the Similkameen River, in the Canadian province of British Columbia and the U.S. state of Washington.
The Pasayten River is part of the Columbia River drainage basin, being a tributary of the Similkameen River, which flows into the Okanagan River, which flows into the Columbia River.
Lesson No. 1
Lesson No. 1 is the debut solo EP by American avant-garde musician Glenn Branca. It was released in March 1980 on 99 Records.

It was originally released on 12" vinyl, as 99 Records' first release. The EP was remastered and re-released in 2004 by Acute Records. The re-release includes the bonus track "Bad Smells". In 2014, Superior Viaduct re-released Lesson No. 1 in its original 12" vinyl format as a double LP with "Bad Smells".

Lee Ranaldo
Lee Mark Ranaldo (born February 3, 1956) is an American guitarist, singer and songwriter, best known as a co-founder of the rock band Sonic Youth. In 2004, Rolling Stone ranked Ranaldo at number 33 on its "Greatest Guitarists of All Time" list. In May 2012, Spin published a staff-selected top 100 guitarist list, ranking Ranaldo and his Sonic Youth bandmate Thurston Moore together at number 1.
Hector Heusghem
Hector Heusghem (Ransart, 15 February 1890 – Montignies-le-Tilleul, 29 March 1982) was a Belgian cyclist who finished second in the 1920 and 1921 Tour de France. He also won three stages, in 1920 at Aix-en-Provence and Grenoble, in 1921 in Luchon.

In 1922, Heusghem took over the yellow jersey with just three stages to go but on the next day fell foul of the rules. Having broken his frame, he swapped bicycles without permission and received a one-hour penalty that relegated him to fourth and handing the tour to Firmin Lambot.

Hector Heusghem was brother of cyclists Pierre-Joseph Heusghem and Louis Heusghem.

Aix-en-Provence
Aix-en-Provence, often known as simply Aix, is a city and commune in southern France, about 30 km (20 mi) north of Marseille. A former capital of Provence, it is the subprefecture of the arrondissement of Aix-en-Provence, in the department of Bouches-du-Rhône, in the region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur. The population of Aix-en-Provence is approximately 148,000. Its inhabitants are called Aixois or, less commonly, Aquisextains.
Nowogródek Voivodeship (1919–1939)
Nowogródek Voivodeship (Polish: Województwo nowogródzkie) was a unit of administrative division of the Second Polish Republic between 1921 and 1939, with the capital in Nowogródek (now Navahrudak, Belarus). Following German and Soviet Invasion of Poland of September 1939, Poland's borders were redrawn in accordance with the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact. The Nowogródek Voivodeship was incorporated into the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic in an atmosphere of terror, following staged elections. With the end of World War II, at the insistence of Joseph Stalin at the Tehran Conference of 1943, the area remained in Soviet hands, and the Polish population was soon forcibly resettled. Since 1991, most part of it belongs to the sovereign Republic of Belarus.

Territorial changes of Poland immediately after World War II
At the end of World War II, Poland underwent major changes to the location of its international border. In 1945, after the defeat of Nazi Germany, the Oder–Neisse line became its western border, resulting in gaining the Recovered Territories from Germany. The Curzon Line became its eastern border, resulting in the loss of the Eastern Borderlands to the Soviet Union.
Stephen Murray (historian)
Stephen D. Murray (born 1945), Professor Emeritus of the Department of Art History and Archaeology at Columbia University, is an architectural historian, specialising in Romanesque and Gothic architecture. Before his retirement, Murray held the Lisa and Bernard Selz chair in Medieval Art History at Columbia University. He has written several important monographs on French Gothic cathedrals, including Troyes, Beauvais, and Amiens. His work combines analysis of architectural details with discussion of medieval writing about cathedrals. He is considered a pioneer in the development of digital media and visual arts resources for educational use.

Troyes Cathedral
Troyes Cathedral (French: Cathédrale Saint-Pierre-et-Saint-Paul de Troyes) is a Catholic church, dedicated to Saint Peter and Saint Paul, located in the town of Troyes in Champagne, France. It is the episcopal seat of the Bishop of Troyes. The cathedral, in the Gothic architectural style, has been a listed monument historique since 1862.
Institute of Statistical Research and Training, University of Dhaka
Institute of Statistical Research and Training, popularly known as ISRT, was established in 1964 by a statute of the University of Dhaka. The institute offers 4 years Bachelor of Science (BS) (Honors) and 1-year MS degree in applied statistics. ISRT also offers PhD and M Phil degrees. ISRT organizes training programs in applied statistics, SPSS and STATA for students in various disciplines, professionals, and academicians. The institute is the publisher of the Journal of Statistical Research (JSR), a bi-annual international journal in statistical sciences, published since 1970. Qazi Motahar Husain was the founding director of ISRT. Dr. Tamanna Howlader is the current director.

SPSS
SPSS Statistics is a statistical software suite developed by IBM for data management, advanced analytics, multivariate analysis, business intelligence, and criminal investigation. Long produced by SPSS Inc., it was acquired by IBM in 2009. Versions of the software released since 2015 have the brand name IBM SPSS Statistics.

The software name originally stood for Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), reflecting the original market, then later changed to Statistical Product and Service Solutions.
Kaḏḏa Dâbali
Kaḏḏa Dâbali Island, often called Big Island (Modern Arabic: الجزيرة الكبرى), is an uninhabited rocky island off the coast of Obock Region of Djibouti in the Bab-el-Mandeb strait (between the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden). It is the largest one of the Seven Brothers Islands.

Obock Region
The Obock Region (Afar: Rakaakay Obock, Arabic: إقليم أوبوخ, Somali: Gobolka Obokh) is a region in northern Djibouti. Covering an area of 4,700 square kilometres (1,800 sq mi), it had an estimated population of 37,856 as of 2009.The region borders the Red Sea, Bab-el-Mandeb, Gulf of Aden, Gulf of Tadjoura, and includes the Seven Brothers, Doumeira Islands, and the coastal city of Obock. It also shares a section of Djibouti’s northern border with Eritrea. Geographically, Oblock is larger than Cape Verde but smaller than Trinidad and Tobago, featuring a mix of highland and coastal plains.
Snail Incident
The Snail Incident (simplified Chinese: 蜗牛事件; traditional Chinese: 蝸牛事件) was a political incident in China during the Cultural Revolution. It stemmed from China's attempt to import a colour picture tube production line from the United States. In 1973, Chinese officials received a set of decorative glass snails from Corning Incorporated as a gift. In 1974, Jiang Qing, the wife of Mao Zedong, alleged that the snail was a deliberate symbol mocking China's slow pace of development, claiming it to be part of a U.S. smear campaign. Zhou Enlai intervened to refute Jiang Qing's accusation, but the incident led to the cancellation of plans to adopt American colour television technology. Five years later, China introduced similar technology from Japan instead.

National Development and Reform Commission
The National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) is the third-ranked  ministerial-level cabinet department of the State Council of China and is tasked for macroeconomic management. Established as the State Planning Commission, the NDRC has broad administrative and planning control over the economy of mainland China, and has a reputation of being the "mini-state council".
Bal Dhuri
Bal Dhuri is a Marathi theatre actor. He married Jayshree Gadkar, the noted Marathi and Hindi movie actress. He is best known for his multiple roles in Marathi movies and his portrayal of King Dasharatha in Ramanand Sagar's TV serial, Ramayana (where Jayshree played his wife, Kaushalya), also Acted In Movie Tere Mere Sapne 1996 as Secretary On Chadrachur Singh.

He was instrumental in giving a break to veteran actor Shivaji Satam in the musical drama Sangeet Varad.

Ramanand Sagar
Ramanand Sagar (born Chandramauli Chopra; 29 December 1917 – 12 December 2005) was an Indian film-television director, producer, and writer. He is best known for his contribution to the television serials Ramayan (1987–1988), Luv Kush (1988–1989) and Shri Krishna (1993–1999), which broke several viewership records globally.
Lucas Dos Santos Pinheiro
Lucas Dos Santos Pinheiro, known as, Lucas Pinheiro (born 11 February 1994) is a black belt Brazilian Jiu Jitsu athlete who competes professionally for the Atos Jiu Jitsu Team in the United States. Pinheiro is a 2023 World Jiu-Jitsu Champion.

2023 World Jiu-Jitsu Championship
The 2023 IBJJF World Jiu-Jitsu Championship was an international Brazilian jiu-jitsu event organised by the International Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Federation (IBJFF) and held at the California State University, Long Beach in California from 1 to 4 Jun 2023.
Rabaa al-Adawiya Mosque
The Rabaa al-Adawiya Mosque (Arabic: مسجد رابعة العدوية, Egyptian Arabic: [ˈɾɑbʕɑ l.ʕædæˈwejjæ]), also transliterated Rabi'a al-Adawiya, Rabaa el-Adawia or Rabaa el-Adaweya, is a mosque located on the northern edge of Nasr City district in eastern Cairo, Egypt. Completed in the c. 1970s, the mosque was named after the 8th-century Sufi saint Rabia al-Adawiya.

A number of high-profile funerals have been conducted at the mosque, including that of Anwar Sadat and Ma'mun al-Hudaybi, partially due to its proximity to the cemetery east of Cairo.

Nasr City
Nasr City / Victory City (Egyptian Arabic: مدينة نصر, romanized: Victory City  pronounced [mæˈdiːnɪt ˈnɑsˤɾ]) forms two of the nine districts of the Eastern Area of Cairo, Egypt. It is administratively divided into Nasr City West/One (Gharb Madinet Nasr/awwal), (Victory City I) and Nasr City East/Two (Sharq Madinet Nasr/thani) (Victory City II). In 2021, Nasr City had a third district sub-divided from Nasr City East to be named either Nasr City Third or Al-Amal, (Victory City III)  as well as a qism  (police ward) named Nasr City Third.
Loaf Rock
Loaf Rock is a rock lying 3 nautical miles (6 km) west of Biscoe Point, off the southwest coast of Anvers Island in the Palmer Archipelago, Antarctica. It was surveyed by the British Naval Hydrographic Survey Unit in 1956–57, and was so named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1958 because the rock is shaped like a flat loaf of bread.

Palmer Archipelago
Palmer Archipelago, also known as Antarctic Archipelago, Archipiélago Palmer, Antarktiske Arkipel or Palmer Inseln, is a group of islands off the northwestern coast of the Antarctic Peninsula. It extends from Tower Island in the north to Anvers Island in the south. It is separated by the Gerlache and Bismarck straits from the Antarctic Peninsula and Wilhelm Archipelago, respectively. The archipelago is in the British, Chilean, and Argentine Claims.

Palmer Archipelago is located at 64°15′S 62°50′W﻿ / ﻿64.250°S 62.833°W﻿ / -64.250; -62.833.
Sheikha Salama Mosque
The Sheikha Salama Mosque (Arabic: مَسْجِد ٱلشَّيْخَة سَلَامَة‎, romanized: Masjid Aš-Šaykhah Salāmah) is a mosque in the city of Al Ain, Emirate of Abu Dhabi, the United Arab Emirates. Formerly the largest mosque in use in the city, it is named after Sheikhah Salamah, mother of Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan, the father of Sheikh Khalifa.

Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan
Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan (Arabic: زايد بن سلطان آل نهيان, romanized: Zāyid bin Sulṭān Āl Nahyān; 6 May 1918 – 2 November 2004) was an Emirati politician, philanthropist, and the founding father of the United Arab Emirates. Zayed served as the governor of Eastern Region from 1946 until he became the ruler of Abu Dhabi in 1966, and served as the first president of the United Arab Emirates from its independence on 2 December 1971 until his death in 2004. He is referred in the United Arab Emirates as the Father of the Nation for being the principal driving force behind the unification of the United Arab Emirates.

Zayed replaced his older brother Sheikh Shakhbut bin Sultan as the ruler of Abu Dhabi on 6 August 1966 after Shakhbut was deposed through a bloodless coup by members of the ruling family with British support.
Alanus University of Arts and Social Sciences
Alanus University of Arts and Social Sciences (Alanus Hochschule für Kunst und Gesellschaft) is a state-accredited private university in Alfter (near Bonn), Germany, providing education in the arts and social sciences up to doctorate level. It has offered accredited arts degrees since 2003 and other degrees since 2006. In 2010, the university was awarded institutional accreditation and the right to award doctorates by the German Council of Science and Humanities.

The university was founded as an anthroposophical art school in 1973. In cooperation with Rudolf Steiner University College, it publishes the international academic journal Research on Steiner Education.

Art school
An art school is an educational institution with a primary focus on practice and related theory in the visual arts and design. This includes fine art – especially illustration, painting, contemporary art, sculpture, and graphic design.   They may be independent or operate within a larger institution, such as a university. Some may be associated with an art museum.

Art schools may be organized to offer elementary, secondary, post-secondary, undergraduate, or graduate programs, and can also offer a broad-based range of programs (such as the liberal arts and sciences). In the West there have been six major periods of art school curricula, and each one has had its own hand in developing modern institutions worldwide throughout all levels of education. Art schools also teach a variety of non-academic skills to many students.