hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Walter Young (athlete)
Walter Young was a snowshoe racer and runner from Quebec, Canada. He won the 1937 Boston Marathon in a time of 2:33:20 during unseasonably hot conditions. Young defeated the second place runner, John A. Kelley, by over six minutes.

Young later worked as a firefighter. He was a captain with the Verdun, Quebec fire department until his retirement in 1978. Upon his wife's death in 1996 he relocated to Mission, British Columbia to be with his son.

Snowshoe
Snowshoes are specialized outdoor gear for walking over snow. Their large footprint spreads the user's weight out and allows them to travel largely on top of rather than through snow. Adjustable bindings attach them to appropriate winter footwear.

Traditional snowshoes have a hardwood frame filled in with rawhide latticework. Modern snowshoes are made of lightweight metal, plastic, and other synthetic materials.

In the past, snowshoes were essential equipment for anyone dependent on travel in deep and frequent snowfall, such as  fur trappers. They retain that role in areas where motorized vehicles cannot reach or are inconvenient to use. However, their greatest contemporary use is for recreation.
Mars, Venus and Amor
Mars, Venus and Amor is an oil on canvas painting by Titian dated after 1570. It has been in the collection of the Kunsthistorisches Museum in Vienna since at least 1783. The painting depicts the adulterous love of Venus and Mars from the Graeco-Roman mythology.

Venus (mythology)
Venus (/ˈviːnəs/; Classical Latin: [ˈwɛnʊs]) is a Roman goddess whose functions encompass love, beauty, desire, sex, fertility, prosperity, and victory. In Roman mythology, she was the ancestor of the Roman people through her son, Aeneas, who survived the fall of Troy and fled to Italy. Julius Caesar claimed her as his ancestor. Venus was central to many religious festivals, and was revered in Roman religion under numerous cult titles.

The Romans adapted the myths and iconography of her Greek counterpart Aphrodite for Roman art and Latin literature. In the later classical tradition of the West, Venus became one of the most widely referenced deities of Greco-Roman mythology as the embodiment of love and sexuality. As such, she is usually depicted nude.
Martin Power (hurler)
Martin Power (20 May 1899 – 7 March 1957) was an Irish hurler who played as a centre-forward for the Kilkenny senior.

Born in Callan, County Kilkenny, Power first arrived on the inter-county scene at the age of twenty-six when he first linked up with the Kilkenny senior team. He made his senior debut during the 1926 championship. Power immediately became a regular member of the starting fifteen, and won two All-Ireland medals, four Leinster medals and one National Hurling League medal.

As a member of the Leinster inter-provincial team on a number of occasions, Power won one Railway Cup medal. At club level he played with Army Metro in Dublin.

Power retired from inter-county hurling following the conclusion of the 1934 championship.

1934 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship
The All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship 1934 was the 48th series of the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, Ireland's premier hurling knock-out competition.  Limerick won the championship, beating Dublin 5–2 to 2–6 in a replay of the final.
Newsmongers
Newsmongers is an 1821 genre painting by the Scottish artist David Wilkie. It portrays a group gathered around a man and woman holding up a newspaper. The group includes a baker carrying a pie and roast joint. The news being read is not specified, but its been speculated that might be news of the Napoleonic Wars or the more recent Trial of Queen Caroline.

The work was commissioned by General Edmund Phipps, the brother of the politician and art collector Lord Mulgrave. It was displayed at the Royal Academy Exhibition of 1821 at Somerset House. It is now in the collection of Tate Britain, having been acquired for the nation via Robert Vernon in 1847.

Roasting
Roasting is a cooking method that uses dry heat where hot air covers the food, cooking it evenly on all sides with temperatures of at least 150 °C (300 °F) from an open flame, oven, or other heat source. Roasting can enhance the flavor through caramelization and Maillard browning on the surface of the food. Roasting uses indirect, diffused heat (as in an oven), and is suitable for slower cooking of meat in a larger, whole piece. Meats and most root and bulb vegetables can be roasted. Any piece of meat, especially red meat, that has been cooked in this fashion is called a roast. Meats and vegetables prepared in this way are described as "roasted", e.g., roasted chicken or roasted squash.
Shahrdari Arak F.C.
Shahrdari Arak Football Club (Persian: باشگاه فوتبال شهرداری اراک), commonly known as Shahrdari Arak, is an Iranian football club based in Arak, Markazi, that competes in the League 2. The club was founded as PAS Arak Football Club in 2001. Shahrdari Arak shares the same history as Aluminium Arak. Since 2015 Shahrdari Arak participate as an own club meanwhile Aluminium Arak plays in Persian Gulf Pro League.

The football team plays their home games at the Imam Khomeini Stadium which has a seating capacity of 15,000. The club is owned and supported by the Municipality of Arak.

Azadegan League
The Azadegan League (Persian: ليگ آزادگان, Lig-e Âzâdegân), also known as  League 1 (Persian: لیگ یک, Lig-e Yek), is the second highest division of professional football in Iran. It was the top-level football league in Iran from its foundation in 1991 until 2001, when the Persian Gulf Pro League was established.

Azadegan League operates on a system of promotion and relegation. Each year, the top finishing teams in the Azadegan League are promoted to the Persian Gulf Pro League, and the lowest finishing teams are relegated to League 2.

Since 2016, the league comprises 18 teams. The winner and the runner-up of the Azadegan League are automatically promoted to the Persian Gulf Pro League. The bottom three teams in the league are relegated to League 2. In the past, the format and number of teams were changed for various times.
Claudio Teehankee
Claudio Ong Teehankee, CCLH (simplified Chinese: 郑建祥; traditional Chinese: 鄭建祥; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tī Kiàn-siông; April 18, 1918 – November 27, 1989) was the 16th Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines from 1986 to 1988.

He was also the most senior associate justice and chairman of the First Division of the Supreme Court of the Philippines.

Philippine Legion of Honor
The Philippine Legion of Honor (Filipino: Lehiyong Pandangal ng Pilipinas; Spanish: Legión de Honor Filipina) was established by President Manuel Roxas, through Philippine Army Circular No. 60 dated July 3, 1947. The Philippine Legion of Honor was patterned after the Legion of Merit of the United States of America, and was meant to honor both civilians and members of the military, Filipino or foreign. Originally, like the U.S. Legion of Merit, the Philippine Legion of Honor had four classes, known as degrees, with Legionnaire being the basic rank, and Chief Commander being the highest. With the reform of the Philippine system of orders and decorations in 2003, the Philippine Legion of Honor's classes were renamed "ranks" instead of "degrees", and the ranks expanded.
Matt Gurtler
Matthew Levi Gurtler is an American politician who served as a member of the Georgia House of Representatives from the 8th district from 2017 to 2021. A Republican, he unsuccessfully sought the Republican nomination for the U.S. House of Representatives seat for Georgia's 9th congressional district in the 2020 election.

University of North Georgia
The University of North Georgia (UNG) is a public university with multiple campuses in Georgia, United States. It is part of the University System of Georgia. The university was established on January 8, 2013, through a merger of North Georgia College & State University (founded 1873) and Gainesville State College (founded 1964). Campus locations include Dahlonega, Oakwood (Gainesville Campus), Watkinsville (Oconee Campus), Blue Ridge, and Cumming.

With nearly 20,000 enrolled students, UNG is the sixth-largest public university in the state of Georgia. There are five colleges that offer over one hundred bachelor's and associate degrees, as well as thirteen master's degrees and one doctoral degree. Over 600 students are involved in the university's ROTC program in any given year. It is one of six senior military colleges in the United States, and is designated as "The Military College of Georgia".
Humphrey Mwanza
Humphrey Iddoh Mwanza (22 April 1949 – 3 July 2015) was a Zambian politician. He was a member of the National Assembly for the Solwezi West constituency for the Movement for Multi-Party Democracy since the 2006 elections. He was re-elected in the 2011 elections.

Mwanza died at age 66 after an operation to remove a stomach tumor in the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka on 3 July 2015. Teddy Kasonso of the United Party for National Development was elected as Mwanza's successor in September 2015.

University Teaching Hospital
The University Teaching Hospital (UTH), formerly Lusaka Hospital, is the biggest public tertiary hospital in Lusaka, Zambia. It is the largest hospital with 1,655 beds. It is a teaching hospital and, as such, is used to train local medical students, nurses and other health professionals. UTH is the main medical training institution in Zambia for doctors, nurses, clinical officers and other health professionals. It provides primary, secondary and tertiary care.
Ki Smith Gallery
Ki Smith Gallery is an art gallery on the Lower East Side of New York City. Founded in 2018 (2018) by Ki Smith the gallery focuses on long lasting relationships with New York based artists, "drawing inspiration from dealers of the 1970s-like Richard Bellamy or Paula Cooper-who were often the same age or not much older than the artists they represented."

Richard Bellamy (art dealer)
Richard Hu Bellamy (December 3, 1927 – March 29, 1998), was an American art dealer, known as Dick Bellamy.

Dick Bellamy was born in Cincinnati in 1927, the son of a doctor who met his future wife at medical school. He ran New York's Green Gallery, from 1960 until 1965 an art gallery at 15 West 57th Street in Manhattan. He then ran the Noah Goldowsky Gallery on Upper Madison Avenue for a few years. Bellamy attended the University of Ohio in Cincinnati for one semester. In 1949 he visited Provincetown, Massachusetts, and its summer art colony. He moved to New York in the early 1950s, eventually working as director of the Hansa Gallery, a cooperative gallery that included members Allan Kaprow, George Segal, Richard Stankiewicz, Jean Follett, Robert Whitman and Jan Müller. Under the pseudonym Mooney Peebles he appeared in the 1959 short film Pull My Daisy written by Jack Kerouac and directed by Robert Frank and Alfred Leslie.
Mathematical Neuroscience Prize
The Mathematical Neuroscience Prize is a prize awarded biennially since 2013 by the nonprofit organization Israel Brain Technologies (IBT). It is endowed with $100,000 for each laureate and honors researchers who have significantly advanced the understanding of the neural mechanisms of perception, behavior and thought through the application of mathematical analysis and modeling.

Behavior
Behavior (American English) or behaviour (British English) is the range of actions of organisms, individuals, systems or artificial entities in some environment. These systems can include other systems or organisms as well as the inanimate physical environment. It is the computed response of the system or organism to various stimuli or inputs, whether internal or external, conscious or subconscious, overt or covert, and voluntary or involuntary. While some behavior is produced in response to an organism's environment (extrinsic motivation), behavior can also be the product of intrinsic motivation, also referred to as "agency" or "free will".

Taking a behavior informatics perspective, a behavior consists of actor, operation, interactions, and their properties. This can be represented as a behavior vector.
Caryn Wagner
Caryn Wagner was the Department of Homeland Security’s Under Secretary of Homeland Security for Intelligence and Analysis from February 11, 2010, to December 21, 2012. As such, she was DHS's Chief Intelligence Officer (CINT), in charge of the DHS Office of Intelligence and Analysis with responsibilities over the DHS component intelligence services. She was the first woman to serve in this position, after extensive experience in the U.S. Intelligence Community and on Capitol Hill.

Under Secretary of Homeland Security for Intelligence and Analysis
The under secretary of homeland security for intelligence and analysis is a high-level civilian official in the United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS). The under secretary, as head of the Office of Intelligence and Analysis at DHS, is the principal staff assistant and adviser to the secretary of homeland security and the deputy secretary of homeland security for fusing law enforcement and intelligence information relating to terrorism and other critical threats.

The under secretary for intelligence and analysis is appointed by the president of the United States with the consent of the United States Senate to serve at the pleasure of the president.
Durvalumab
Durvalumab, sold under the brand name Imfinzi, is an anti-cancer medication used for treatment of various types of cancer. It was developed by Medimmune/AstraZeneca. It is a human immunoglobulin G1 kappa (IgG1κ) monoclonal antibody that binds to programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) on cancer cells and blocks interactions with PD-1 and CD80 (B7.1) on T cells.

Durvalumab is an immune checkpoint inhibitor drug. It was approved in for medical use in the United States in May 2017, and in the European Union in September 2018.

Drug development
Drug development is the process of bringing a new pharmaceutical drug to the market once a lead compound has been identified through the process of drug discovery. It includes preclinical research on microorganisms and animals, filing for regulatory status, such as via the United States Food and Drug Administration for an investigational new drug to initiate clinical trials on humans, and may include the step of obtaining regulatory approval with a new drug application to market the drug. The entire process—from concept through preclinical testing in the laboratory to clinical trial development, including Phase I–III trials—to approved vaccine or drug typically takes more than a decade.
Sant'Orsola a Chiaia
Sant'Orsola a Chiaia (also called Sant'Orsola dei Mercedari Spagnoli, or the Parish church of Santa Maria della Mercede a Chiaia) is a church in largo Sant'Orsola in the quartieri of Chiaia in Naples, Italy.

Originally, this was the site of a small 16th-century chapel endowed by the Spaniard Annibale de Troyanis y Mortella and dedicated to Saint Ursula. In 1569 it was donated to fathers of the Order of Santa Maria della Mercede, who in 1576 demolished the chapel to build a new convent. The church was reconstructed. In 1875, the cloister that held the tombs of the monks was demolished and the Teatro Sannazaro was built instead. The convent held Mercedari priests till 1923.

In the 19th century, the reconstruction added frescoes in the arches of the nave and ceiling, depicting Stories of the Virgin (1851) and Redemption of Captives (1852) by  G. Gravante. In the transept are two canvases by unknown 16th-century artists.

Saint Ursula
Ursula (Latin for 'little she-bear') was a Romano-British virgin and martyr possibly of royal origin. She is venerated as a saint in the Catholic Church, Eastern Orthodox Church and the Anglican Communion. Her feast day in the pre-1970 General Roman Calendar and in some regional calendars of the ordinary form of the Roman Rite is 21 October.
Kuçishtë
Kuçishtë (Albanian definite form: Kuçishta; Serbian: Кућиште, Kućište) is a small village located in the municipality of Peja, Kosovo. Kuçishtë is located near the Montenegro border, at the edge of the Rugova Canyon in the Accursed Mountains. The Lumbardhi i Pejës flows past the village. The peak of Leqinat at 1,799 meters above sea level is situated to the west of the village. The village of Kuçishtë is categorized as being the last village in the Rugova Canyon and for the rough terrain it's on.

The lake on Leqinat mountain bears the name of the village although the lake is also called Leqinat lake.

Definiteness
In linguistics, definiteness is a semantic feature of noun phrases that distinguishes between referents or senses that are identifiable in a given context (definite noun phrases) and those that are not (indefinite noun phrases). The prototypical definite noun phrase picks out a unique, familiar, specific referent such as the sun or Australia, as opposed to indefinite examples like an idea or some fish.

There is considerable variation in the expression of definiteness across languages, and some languages such as Japanese do not generally mark it, so the same expression can be definite in some contexts and indefinite in others. In other languages, such as English, it is usually marked by the selection of determiner (e.g., the vs. a). Still other languages, such as Danish, mark definiteness morphologically by changing the noun itself (e.g. Danish en mand (a man), manden (the man)).
Product Liability Directive 1985
The Product Liability Directive 85/374/EEC is a directive of the Council of the European Communities (now the European Union) which created a regime of strict liability for defective products applicable in all member states of the European Union, the other EEA members (Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway) and the United Kingdom. Directive 1999/34/EC amended the 1985 directive.

The directive will be replaced by Directive (EU) 2024/2853 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2024 on liability for defective products and repealing Council Directive 85/374/EEC (Text with EEA relevance) for products coming on the market after 8 December 2026.

Directive (European Union)
A directive is a legal act of the European Union which requires member states to achieve particular goals without dictating how the member states achieve those goals. A directive's goals have to be made the goals of one or more new or changed national laws by the member states before this legislation applies to individuals residing in the member states. Directives normally leave member states with a certain amount of leeway as to the exact rules to be adopted. Directives can be adopted by means of a variety of legislative procedures depending on their subject matter.

The text of a draft directive (if subject to the co-decision process, as contentious matters usually are) is prepared by the Commission after consultation with its own and national experts. The draft is presented to the Parliament and the Council—composed of relevant ministers of member governments, initially for evaluation and comment and then subsequently for approval or rejection.
Joseph Strauss (engineer)
Joseph Baermann Strauss (January 9, 1870 – May 16, 1938) was an American structural engineer who revolutionized the design of bascule bridges. He was the chief engineer of the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco, California.

Forest Lawn Memorial Park (Glendale, California)
Forest Lawn Memorial Park is a privately owned cemetery in Glendale, California, United States. It is the original and current flagship location of Forest Lawn Memorial-Parks & Mortuaries, a chain of six cemeteries and four additional mortuaries in Southern California.
Patriot League women's soccer tournament
The Patriot League women's soccer tournament is the conference championship tournament in college soccer for the Patriot League.  The tournament has been held every year since 1991. It is a single-elimination tournament with seeding based on conference records and the regular-season champion hosting the semifinal and final matches.

The field expanded from four to six teams when the league increased membership from eight to ten universities in 2013. The winner, declared conference champion, receives the conference's automatic bid to the NCAA Division I women's soccer championship.

Seeding (sports)
In sport, seeding is the practice of separating the most skilled competitors from each other in the early rounds of a tournament. Players or teams are "planted" into the bracket in such a manner that the best do not meet until later in the competition, usually based on ranking from the regular season. The term was first used in tennis, and is based on the notion of scattering the top players' names across the bracket in the way that a farmer scatters seeds.

Sometimes the remaining competitors in a single-elimination tournament will be "re-seeded" so that the highest surviving seed is made to play the lowest surviving seed in the next round, the second-highest plays the second-lowest, etc.  This may be done after each round, or only at selected intervals.
Chaney Glacier
Chaney Glacier is in Glacier National Park in the U.S. state of Montana. The glacier is situated in a cirque to the southeast of Mount Kipp on the eastern side of the Continental Divide. Chaney Glacier is one of several glaciers that have been selected for monitoring by the U.S. Geological Survey's Glacier Monitoring Research program, which is researching changes to the mass balance of glaciers in and surrounding Glacier National Park.  The glacier is being monitored using remote sensing equipment and repeat photography, where images of the glacier are taken from identical locations periodically.

Since 1911, Chaney glacier has retreated considerably. Between 1966 and 2005, the glacier lost over 29 percent of its surface area. The repeat photographs below document the changes to the glacier from 1911 to 2005.

Chaney Glacier in 1911

Chaney glacier in 2005

Continental Divide of the Americas
The Continental Divide of the Americas (also known as the Great Divide, the Western Divide or simply the Continental Divide; Spanish: Divisoria continental de América, Gran Divisoria) is the principal, and largely mountainous, hydrological divide of the Americas. The Continental Divide extends from the Bering Strait to the Strait of Magellan, and separates the watersheds that drain into the Pacific Ocean from those river systems that drain into the Atlantic and Arctic Ocean, including those that drain into the Gulf of Mexico, the Caribbean Sea, and Hudson Bay.

Although there are many other hydrological divides in the Americas, the Continental Divide is by far the most prominent of these because it tends to follow a line of high peaks along the main ranges of the Rocky Mountains and Andes, at a generally much higher elevation than the other hydrological divisions.
2025 Tampere Open – Doubles
Íñigo Cervantes and Daniel Rincón were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Christoph Negritu and Vladyslav Orlov won the title after defeating Mats Hermans and Mick Veldheer 7–5, 6–1 in the final.

Christoph Negritu
Christoph Negritu Mio (born 21 March 1994) is a German tennis player. He has a career high ATP singles ranking of world No. 263, achieved on 4 August 2025, and a best doubles ranking of No. 105, attained on 18 August 2025.