hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
State Duma
The State Duma is the lower house of the Federal Assembly of Russia, with the upper house being the Federation Council. It was established by the Constitution of the Russian Federation in 1993.

The Duma headquarters are located in central Moscow, a few steps from Manege Square. Its members are referred to as deputies. The State Duma replaced the Supreme Soviet as a result of the new constitution introduced by Boris Yeltsin in the aftermath of the Russian constitutional crisis of 1993, and approved in a nationwide referendum.

In the 2007 and 2011 Russian legislative elections, a full party-list proportional representation with 7% electoral threshold system was used, but this was subsequently repealed. The legislature's term length was initially 2 years in the 1993–1995 elections period, and 4 years in 1999–2007 elections period; since the 2011 elections the term length is 5 years.

Upper house
An upper house is one of two chambers of a bicameral legislature, the other chamber being the lower house. The house formally designated as the upper house is usually smaller and often has more restricted power than the lower house. A legislature composed of only one house (and which therefore has neither an upper house nor a lower house) is described as unicameral.
Bankers (train)
The Bankers was a passenger train operated by the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad between Grand Central Terminal, New York City and Springfield, Massachusetts. Under the New Haven the Bankers provided early morning express service from Springfield to New York, running non-stop from New Haven, Connecticut. The Bankers was paired with the Nathan Hale, which ran an hour later. In the afternoon the train returned as the Connecticut Yankee. The Bankers carried parlor cars, a grill (dining) car and coaches.

The Bankers ran as number 67 on the New Haven but would be discontinued under the Penn Central, although New York-New Haven-Springfield service remained. Amtrak revived the name in 1975, and it remained in use until individual names disappeared from the Northeast Corridor schedule with the introduction of the NortheastDirect brand.

Dining car
A dining car (American English) or a restaurant car (British English), also a diner, is a passenger railroad car that serves meals in the manner of a full-service, sit-down restaurant.

These cars provide the highest level of service of any railroad food service car, typically employing multiple servers and kitchen staff members. Consequently, they are the most expensive to operate. It is distinct from other railroad food service cars that do not duplicate the full-service restaurant experience, such as buffet cars, cars in which one purchases food from a walk-up counter to be consumed either within the car or elsewhere in the train. Grill cars, in which customers sit on stools at a counter and purchase and consume food cooked on a grill behind the counter are generally considered to be an "intermediate" type of dining car.
Magnus Augustson
Karl Magnus Augustson (born 14 Match 1973) is a Swedish Olympic sailor. He finished 7th in the Soling event at the 2000 Summer Olympics together with Hans Wallén and Johan Barne.

Augustson has sailed in multiple America’s Cups, competing for Victory Challenge in 2003, Luna Rossa Challenge in 2007 and Artemis Racing in the 2013 America's Cup.

2013 America's Cup
The 34th America's Cup was a series of yacht races held in San Francisco Bay in September 2013. The series was contested between the defender Oracle Team USA team representing the Golden Gate Yacht Club, and the challenger Emirates Team New Zealand representing the Royal New Zealand Yacht Squadron.

The format was changed radically to a best of 17, and Oracle Team USA defended the America's Cup by a score of 9 to 8 after Team New Zealand had built an 8 to 1 lead. Team New Zealand won the right to challenge for the Cup by previously winning the 2013 Louis Vuitton Cup. The 34th America's Cup's race schedule was the longest ever, in terms of number of days and number of races, and the first since the 25th America's Cup to feature both teams in a match point situation.
Swiss Private Bankers Association
The Swiss Private Bankers Association is a Swiss trade association made up of banking institutions that meet the legal definition of a private banker according to Swiss law. It is based in Geneva, Switzerland, and currently has six members.

The Swiss Private Bankers Association was founded in 1934 following the enactment of the Federal Act on Banks and Saving Banks, which recognised the special status of private bankers. Its permanent secretariat is based in Geneva. The objective of the Swiss Private Bankers Association, as defined in its articles of association, is to represent the concerns and interests of its members to the Swiss government authorities, among others.

Articles of association
In corporate governance, a company's articles of association (AoA, called articles of incorporation in some jurisdictions) is a document that, along with the memorandum of association (where applicable), forms the company's constitution. The articles define the responsibilities of the directors, the nature of business, and the mechanisms by which shareholders exert control over the board of directors.

Articles of association are essential to corporate operations, as they may regulate both internal and external affairs.

Articles of incorporation, also referred to as the certificate of incorporation or the corporate charter, is a document or charter that establishes the existence of a corporation in the United States and Canada. They generally are filed with the Secretary of State in the U.S. State where the company is incorporated, or other company registrar. An equivalent term for limited liability companies (LLCs) in the United States is articles of organization.
Kazumasa Sasaki
Kazumasa Sasaki (佐々木一正; born December 11, 1989), is a Japanese professional ice hockey Defenceman currently playing for the Oji Eagles of the Asia League.

Since 2009 he plays for the Oji Eagles. He previously played for the Östersund/Brunflo IF in the Hockeyettan, the third-tier league in Sweden. He also has played for the Japan national team since the year 2012.

Japan men's national ice hockey team
The Japanese national ice hockey team (Japanese: アイスホッケー男子日本代表 Aisuhokkē Danshi Nippon Daihyō) is the national men's ice hockey of Japan. They are controlled by the Japan Ice Hockey Federation and a member of the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF). As of 2025, Japan is ranked 20th in the IIHF World Ranking and 2nd in Asian Ranking. It currently compete in the IIHF World Championship Division I. They have competed in eight Olympic Games competitions. Team Japan are two-time Asian Winter Games champions (2003, 2007) and won the silver medal at the inaugural IIHF Asia Championship.
Dalotuzumab
Dalotuzumab is an anti-IGF1 receptor (IGF1R) humanized monoclonal antibody designed for the potential treatment of various cancers. Common adverse effects include hyperglycemia, nausea, vomiting, and fatigue. Dalotuzumab was developed by Merck and Co., Inc.

Non-small-cell lung cancer
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), or non-small-cell lung carcinoma, is a type of epithelial lung cancer other than small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). Non-small-cell lung cancer accounts for about 85% of all lung cancers. As a class, non-small-cell lung cancers are relatively insensitive to chemotherapy, compared to small-cell carcinoma. When possible, they are primarily treated by surgical resection with curative intent, although chemotherapy has been used increasingly both preoperatively (neoadjuvant chemotherapy) and postoperatively (adjuvant chemotherapy).
Verasy
Verasy (Belarusian: Верасы́) was a musical band created in Belarus (then Belarusian SSR, Soviet Union) in 1971. It was created under the Belarusian State Philarmony, Minsk, director and composer Vasily Rainchik. Verasy is Belarusian for heather (see Calluna).

In 2006 Rainchik created a band of the same name.

Calluna
Calluna vulgaris, common heather, ling, or simply heather, is the sole species in the genus Calluna in the flowering plant family Ericaceae. It is a low-growing evergreen shrub growing to 20 to 50 centimetres (8 to 20 in) tall, or rarely to 1 metre (40 in) and taller, and is found widely in Europe and Asia Minor on acidic soils in open sunny situations and in moderate shade.

It is the dominant plant in most heathland and moorland in Europe, and in some bog vegetation and acidic pine and oak woodland.  It is tolerant of grazing and regenerates following occasional burning, and is often managed in nature reserves and grouse moors by sheep or cattle grazing, and also by light burning.
Dario Chistolini
Dario Chistolini (born 14 September 1988 in Kempton Park, South Africa) is a South African-born Italian rugby union player. He currently plays for Verona Rugby in the Italian domestic league Serie A. He plays as a prop and also Assistant coach of First XV.

Dario joined Gloucester for the start of the 2011–12 season. He joined from Petrarca.
On 6 April 2013, Chistolini will leave Gloucester to return home to Italy to join the new franchise Zebre for 2013/14 season.
In 2022–2023 season, he played for Petrarca Padova in the Italian domestic league Top10.

He previously played for Italy A. Chistolini was selected for Italy for the 2014 mid-year Test series. He made his debut, as a replacement from the bench, losing to Samoa 15–0 on 14 June 2014.

Italy A national rugby union team
The Italy A national rugby union team (Italian: Nazionale A di rugby a 15 dell'Italia, also known as Italia Emergenti which means Italy Emerging Players, Italia XV or Italia Under 23) are the second national rugby union team in Italy after the national side.

They competed in the Six Nations "A" from 2000 to 2003, in the IRB Nations Cup from 2006 until 2013, except in 2011 when they played the Churchill Cup. They have also participated in the IRB Tbilisi Cup in 2014.

From 2016 to 2018 it played in the World Rugby Nations Cup.
Limba language
The Limba language, Hulimba, is a Niger–Congo language of Sierra Leone and Guinea. It is not closely related to other languages and appears to form its own branch of the Atlantic–Congo family. Dialects include Tonko, Sela, Kamuke (or Ke), Wara-wara, Keleng, Biriwa, and Safroko. The eastern variety, spoken primarily in Guinea, is quite distinct. Limba has a system of noun classes, marked by an old, eroded set of prefixes augmented by a newer set of enclitics.

Clitic
In morphology and syntax, a clitic (/ˈklɪtɪk/ KLIT-ik, backformed from Greek ἐγκλιτικός enklitikós "leaning" or "enclitic") is a morpheme that has syntactic characteristics of a word, but depends phonologically on another word or phrase. In this sense, it is syntactically independent but phonologically dependent—always attached to a host. A clitic is pronounced like an affix, but plays a syntactic role at the phrase level. In other words, clitics have the form of affixes, but the distribution of function words.

Clitics can belong to any grammatical category, although they are commonly pronouns, determiners, or adpositions. Note that orthography is not always a good guide for distinguishing clitics from affixes: clitics may be written as separate words, but sometimes they are joined to the word they depend on (like the Latin clitic -que, meaning "and").
Rugby league at the Pacific Games
Rugby league at the Pacific Games was introduced in 2007 at Apia in Samoa. Rugby league nines is the form of the game currently played at the Pacific Games. The 7-a-side version of the game was played at the 2009 Pacific Mini Games.

Apia
Apia (Samoan: [a.pi.a]) is the capital and largest city of Samoa. It is located on the central north coast of Upolu, Samoa's second-largest island. Apia falls within the political district (itūmālō) of Tuamasaga.

The Apia Urban Area (generally known as the City of Apia) has a population of 35,974 (2021 census). Its geographic boundaries extend from the east approximately from Letogo village in Vaimauga to the west in the newer, industrialized region of Apia which extends to Vaitele village in Faleata.
Miskolc Subregion
The Miskolc Subregion (Hungarian: Miskolci kistérség) is a subregion in Northern Hungary. Its area is 1058 km². With a population of 267,582 (2009) it is the second most populated subregion in Hungary and the most populated in Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén county. Its centre and largest city is Miskolc; there are five other towns – Sajószentpéter, Felsőzsolca, Alsózsolca, Emőd, Nyékládháza – and thirty-four villages belonging to the subregion.

Borsod–Abaúj–Zemplén County
Borsod–Abaúj–Zemplén (Hungarian: Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén vármegye, pronounced [ˈborʃod ˈɒbɒuːj ˈzɛmpleːn]; Slovak: Boršodsko-abovsko-zemplínska) is an administrative county (comitatus or vármegye) in north-eastern Hungary (commonly called "Northern Hungary"), on the border with Slovakia (Košice Region). It shares borders with the Hungarian counties Nógrád, Heves, Hajdú–Bihar and Szabolcs–Szatmár–Bereg. The capital of Borsod–Abaúj–Zemplén county is Miskolc. Of the seven statistical regions of Hungary it belongs to the region Northern Hungary.

Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén is the second largest county of Hungary both by area (after Bács–Kiskun) and by population (after Pest County). It is the only Hungarian county with two UNESCO World Heritage Sites (the Caves of Aggtelek Karst and Slovak Karst and the Tokaj Wine Region Historic Cultural Landscape).
Clarrie Scrutton
Clarrie Scrutton (26 March 1899 – 24 September 1982) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Sturt in the South Australian National Football League (SANFL).

On 5 May 1923, Clarrie, alongside Stan and Gordon became part of the first trio of brothers to play for Sturt at the same time.

Sturt Football Club
The Sturt Football Club, nicknamed The Double Blues, is a semi-professional Australian rules football club based in the suburb of Unley, South Australia, which plays in the South Australian National Football League.

Founded in 1901 by the Sturt Cricket Club, the club initially struggled to make the finals, however, in 1915 they won their first Premiership. After several decades of substantial finals appearances and a few premiership wins, Sturt entered a period of success, winning seven premierships from 1966 to 1976 under coach Jack Oatey.

Sturt has a total of 16 premierships, sixteen Magarey Medallists and two Night Premierships.

Sturt wear Oxford and Cambridge Blue reflecting the street names on which their home ground is based. Sturt play their home games at the 15,000 capacity Unley Oval and their club song is named It's a grand old flag.
Olha Volkova
Olha Volodymyrivna Volkova (Ukrainian: Ольга Володимирівна Волкова; born 5 July 1986 in Mykolaiv) is a retired freestyle skier from Ukraine  who specializes in aerials. She won a bronze medal at the 2011 FIS Freestyle World Ski Championships.

Freestyle skiing
Freestyle skiing is a  skiing discipline comprising aerials, moguls, cross, half-pipe, slopestyle and big air as part of the Winter Olympics. It can consist of a skier performing aerial flips and spins and can include skiers sliding rails and boxes on their skis. Known as "hot-dogging" in the early 1970s, it is also commonly referred to as freeskiing, jibbing, and many other names, around the world.
Vivaron
Vivaron is a genus of rauisuchid known from the Late Triassic (middle Norian) Chinle Formation in New Mexico. It is the second rauisuchid known from the southwestern United States, and it highlights the wide biogeographic range similar rauisuchid taxa occupied during the Late Triassic across Pangaea, despite the varied faunal assemblages at different latitudes.

Faunal assemblage
In archaeology and paleontology a faunal assemblage is a group of animal fossils found together in a given stratum. In a non-deformed deposition, fossils are organized by stratum following the laws of uniformitarianism and superposition, which state that the natural phenomena observable today (such as death, decay, or post-mortem transport) also apply to the paleontological record and that the oldest stratum will be at the bottom of a paleontological deposit.

The principle of faunal succession is used in biostratigraphy to determine each biostratigraphic unit, or biozone. The biostratigraphic unit is a section of geological strata that is defined on the basis of its characteristic fossil taxa or faunal assemblage. Faunal assemblages are also analyzed in archaeological deposits, where they are influenced by cultural activities in addition to ecological processes and natural taphonomy.
Acetoin racemase
In enzymology, an acetoin racemase (EC 5.1.2.4) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

(S)-acetoin  (R)-acetoin

This enzyme belongs to the family of isomerases, specifically those racemases and epimerases acting on hydroxy acids and derivatives.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is acetoin racemase. This enzyme is also called acetylmethylcarbinol racemase.  This enzyme participates in butanoate metabolism.

Isomerase
In biochemistry, isomerases are a general class of enzymes that convert a molecule from one isomer to another. Isomerases facilitate intramolecular rearrangements in which bonds are broken and formed. The general form of such a reaction is as follows:

There is only one substrate yielding one product. This product has the same molecular formula as the substrate but differs in bond connectivity or spatial arrangement. Isomerases catalyze reactions across many biological processes, such as in glycolysis and carbohydrate metabolism.
The Color Purple (2023 soundtrack)
The Color Purple is a 2023 film directed by Blitz Bazawule. It is an adaptation of the stage musical of the same name, which in turn was based on Alice Walker's 1982 novel and its 1985 film adaptation. Three soundtrack albums were released for the film.

The first album, The Color Purple (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack), was released on December 15, 2023, and features the film's musical numbers performed by the cast. The second album, The Color Purple (Music from and Inspired by the Motion Picture) was released on December 22, and also features the musical numbers alongside songs that are not used as musical numbers in the film and performed by popular artists. Both albums were published by WaterTower in collaboration with Gamma.

The third album, The Color Purple (Original Motion Picture Score), was released on December 25 by WaterTower, and features the film's original score composed by Kris Bowers

The Color Purple
The Color Purple is a 1982 epistolary novel by American author Alice Walker that won the 1983 Pulitzer Prize for Fiction and the National Book Award for Fiction.

The novel has been the target of censors numerous times, and appears on the American Library Association list of the 100 Most Frequently Challenged Books of 2000–2010 at number seventeen  because of the sometimes explicit content, particularly in terms of violence. In 2003, the book was listed on the BBC's The Big Read poll of the UK's "best-loved novels."

The novel has been adapted into various other media, including feature films in 1985 and 2023, a 2005 musical, and a 2008 radio serial on Woman's Hour on BBC Radio 4.
John Monson, 11th Baron Monson
John Monson, 11th Baron Monson (3 May 1932 – 12 February 2011), was a British hereditary peer and crossbench member of the House of Lords. He was one of the ninety hereditary peers elected to remain in the House after the passing of the House of Lords Act 1999. He was a civil liberties campaigner and president of the Society for Individual Freedom.

Crossbencher
A crossbencher is a minor party or independent member of some legislatures, such as the Parliament of Australia. In the British House of Lords the term refers to members of the parliamentary group of non-political peers. They take their name from the crossbenches, between and perpendicular to the government and opposition benches, where crossbenchers sit in the chamber.
Claude Floquet
Claude Eugene Floquet (3 November 1884 – 22 November 1963) was a South African cricketer. An occasional player for Transvaal from 1905 to 1910, he played a Test match for South Africa in 1910.

Floquet's first-class career of just six matches was spread over six seasons between 1904–05 and 1910–11. He batted right-handed in the middle to lower part of the order and bowled medium-pace occasionally. He appeared in the Third Test of the series against England on their tour of 1909-10, which was played at the Old Wanderers Ground in Johannesburg, as were all Floquet's first-class matches. He scored 1 and 11 not out and took 0 for 24 with the ball.

Floquet married Clara Dodd in Johannesburg in May 1912. His older brother Bertram also played for Transvaal.

Old Wanderers
Old Wanderers was a cricket ground in Johannesburg, South Africa. The ground hosted 22 Test matches from 1895 to 1939, before being rebuilt as Johannesburg's Park Station in 1946. It has since been replaced by the New Wanderers Stadium.
S&P/ASX 50
The S&P/ASX 50 Index is a stock market index of Australian stocks listed on the Australian Securities Exchange from Standard & Poor's.

It is a part of the S&P Global 1200.

While the "ASX 50" often simply refers to the 50 largest companies by market capitalisation, the S&P/ASX 50 Index is calculated by using the S&P Dow Jones Indices market capitalization weighted and float-adjusted methodologies. All 50 companies also feature in the S&P/ASX 200.

S&P Global Ratings
S&P Global Ratings (previously Standard & Poor's and informally known as S&P) is an American credit rating agency (CRA) and a division of S&P Global that publishes financial research and analysis on stocks, bonds, and commodities. S&P is considered the largest of the Big Three credit-rating agencies, which also include Moody's Ratings and Fitch Ratings. Its head office is located on 55 Water Street in Lower Manhattan, New York City.
Jerzy Jurka
Jerzy Władysław Jurka (June 4, 1950 – July 19, 2014) was a Polish–American computational and molecular biologist known for his pioneering work on repetitive DNA and transposable elements (TEs) in eukaryotic genomes. He served as the assistant director of research at the Linus Pauling Institute prior to founding and directing the Genetic Information Research Institute (GIRI) in Mountain View, California.

Mountain View, California
Mountain View is a city in Santa Clara County, California, United States, part of the San Francisco Bay Area. Named for its views of the Santa Cruz Mountains, the population was 82,376 at the 2020 census.

Mountain View was integral to the early history and growth of Silicon Valley, and is the location of many high technology companies. In 1956, William Shockley established Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory in Mountain View, the first company to develop silicon semiconductor devices in Silicon Valley. Mountain View houses the headquarters of many of the world's largest technology companies, including Google and Alphabet Inc., Intuit, NASA Ames Research Center, and former or existing headquarters for Symantec, 23andMe, LinkedIn, Samsung, Quora and Synopsys.
Visonta coal mine
The Visonta Coal Mine ([viʃontɒ]) is an open pit lignite mine located near Gyöngyös, Heves County, in Hungary. It is the smallest lignite mine in Hungary out of three lignite mines in total. The mine has coal reserves amounting to 400 million tonnes of lignite, one of the largest coal reserves in Europe and the world and has an annual production of 3.9 million tonnes of coal.

Overburden
In mining, overburden (also called waste or spoil) is the material that lies above an area that lends itself to economical exploitation, such as the rock, soil, and ecosystem that lies above a coal seam or ore body. Overburden is distinct from tailings, the material that remains after economically valuable components have been extracted from the generally finely milled ore. Overburden is removed during surface mining, but is typically not contaminated with toxic components. Overburden may also be used to restore an exhausted mining site during reclamation.

Interburden is material that lies between two areas of economic interest, such as the material separating coal seams within strata.