hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Arnold Anderson (athlete)
Arnold Thomas Anderson (22 March 1912 – 17 January 1996) was a New Zealand track and field athlete, navy officier and school teacher. He won a bronze medal for his country at the 1938 British Empire Games, joined the Royal Navy in World War II and then taught Latin and French at King's High School in New Zealand.

New Zealand at the 1938 British Empire Games
New Zealand at the 1938 British Empire Games was represented by a team of 69 competitors and 13 officials, including 18 athletes, 15 rowers, eight swimmers and divers, and seven each of boxers, cyclists and wrestlers. Selection of the team for the Games in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, was the responsibility of the New Zealand Olympic and British Empire Games Association. New Zealand's flagbearer at the opening ceremony was Jim Leckie.  The New Zealand team finished fifth on the medal table, winning a total of 25 medals, five of which were gold.

New Zealand has competed in every games, starting with the British Empire Games in 1930 at Hamilton, Ontario.
Wijngaarden
Wijngaarden is a village in the Dutch province of South Holland. It is a part of the municipality of Molenlanden, and lies about 7 km northeast of Dordrecht.

In 2001, the village of Wijngaarden had 300 inhabitants. The built-up area of the village was 0.030 km2, and contained 99 residences.
The statistical area "Wijngaarden", which also can include the peripheral parts of the village, as well as the surrounding countryside, has a population of around 730.

Wijngaarden was a separate municipality between 1817 and 1986, when it became part of Graafstroom., which in turn became part of Molenwaard in 2013.

Dordrecht
Dordrecht (Dutch: [ˈdɔrdrɛxt] ⓘ), historically known in English as Dordt (still colloquially used in Dutch, pronounced [dɔrt] ⓘ) or Dort, is a city and municipality in the Western Netherlands, located in the province of South Holland. It is the province's fifth-largest city after Rotterdam, The Hague, Leiden, and Zoetermeer, with a population of 123,000 (2025).

The municipality covers the entire Dordrecht Island, also often called Het Eiland van Dordt ("the Island of Dordt"), bordered by the rivers Oude Maas, Beneden Merwede, Nieuwe Merwede, Hollands Diep, and Dordtsche Kil. Dordrecht is the largest and most important city in the Drechtsteden and is also part of the Randstad, the main conurbation in the Netherlands.

Dordrecht is the oldest city in Holland and has a rich history and culture.
Hamilton (name)
The name Hamilton probably originated in the village of Hamilton, Leicestershire, England, but bearers of that name became established in the 13th century in Lanarkshire, Scotland. The town of Hamilton, South Lanarkshire was named after the family some time before 1445. Contemporary Hamiltons are either descended from the original noble family, or descended from people named after the town.

Hamilton, South Lanarkshire
Hamilton (Scots: Hamiltoun; Scottish Gaelic: Baile Hamaltan [ˈpalə ˈhaməl̪ˠt̪ʰan]) is a large town in South Lanarkshire, Scotland. It serves as the main administrative centre of the South Lanarkshire council area. It sits 10 miles (16 km) south-east of Glasgow, 37 miles (60 km) south-west of Edinburgh and 74 miles (120 km) north of Carlisle. It is situated on the south bank of the River Clyde at its confluence with the Avon Water. Hamilton is the county town of the historic county of Lanarkshire and is the location of the headquarters of the modern local authority of South Lanarkshire.

The town itself has a population of around 55,000, which makes it the 9th largest locality in Scotland, and anchors a defined settlement of 84,000 (including neighbouring Blantyre, Bothwell and Uddingston) which is the country's 8th largest.
Zalinski (surname)
Zalinski is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Edmund Zalinski (1849–1909), Polish-born American soldier, military engineer, and inventor

Henryk Żaliński (born 1938), Polish historian

Wojciech Żaliński (born 1988), Polish volleyball player

Edmund Zalinski
Edmund Louis Gray Zalinski, (December 13, 1849 – March 11, 1909) was a polish-born American soldier of polish descent, military engineer and inventor. He is best known for the development of the pneumatic dynamite torpedo-gun.
Canton of La Brède
The canton of La Brède is an administrative division of the Gironde department, southwestern France. Its borders were not modified at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in La Brède.

It consists of the following communes:

Gironde
Gironde (/ʒɪˈrɒnd/ zhih-ROND, US usually /dʒɪˈ-/ jih-; French: [ʒiʁɔ̃d] ⓘ; Occitan: Gironda, pronounced [dʒiˈɾundɔ]) is the largest department in the southwestern French region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine. Named after the Gironde estuary, a major waterway, its prefecture is Bordeaux. In 2019, it had a population of 1,623,749. The famous Bordeaux wine region is in Gironde. It has six arrondissements, making it one of the departments with the most arrondissements (Nord also has six, while Pas-de-Calais has the most of any department, with seven).
1888 Limerick City by-election
The 1888 Limerick by-election was a parliamentary by-election held for the United Kingdom House of Commons constituency of Limerick City on 17 April 1888. The vacancy arose because of the resignation of the sitting member, Henry Joseph Gill of the Irish Parliamentary Party. In the resulting by-election another Irish Parliamentary Party candidate, Francis Arthur O'Keefe, a solicitor and Mayor of Limerick, was elected unopposed.

Francis Arthur O'Keefe
Francis Arthur O'Keefe (October 1856 – 21 April 1909) was an Irish politician.

Educated at Clongowes Wood College and Trinity College Dublin, he became a solicitor. For three successive  years he was Mayor of Limerick. Elected in a by-election in 1888, he sat as Member of Parliament for Limerick City until the general election of 1895, and after another by-election in 1895, until 1900.
Conjugate diameters
In geometry, two diameters of a conic section are said to be conjugate if each chord parallel to one diameter is bisected by the other diameter.  For example, two diameters of a circle are conjugate if and only if they are perpendicular.

Chord (geometry)
A chord (from the Latin chorda, meaning "catgut or string") of a circle is a straight line segment whose endpoints both lie on a circular arc. If a chord were to be extended infinitely on both directions into a line, the object is a secant line. The perpendicular line passing through the chord's midpoint is called sagitta (Latin for "arrow").

More generally, a chord is a line segment joining two points on any curve, for instance, on an ellipse. A chord that passes through a circle's center point is the circle's diameter.
Gert Korthof
Gert Korthof is a Dutch biologist who was trained at Utrecht University. He has reviewed various books of evolution, creationism, and intelligent design, including Michael Behe's The Edge of Evolution. He contributed to Why Intelligent Design Fails: A Scientific Critique of the New Creationism.

Michael Behe
Michael Joseph Behe (/ˈbiːhiː/ BEE-hee; born January 18, 1952) is an American biochemist and an advocate of the pseudoscientific principle of intelligent design (ID).

Behe serves as professor of biochemistry at Lehigh University in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, and as a senior fellow of the Discovery Institute's Center for Science and Culture. He advocates for the validity of the argument for irreducible complexity (IC), which claims that some biochemical structures are too complex to be explained by known evolutionary mechanisms and are therefore probably the result of intelligent design. Behe has testified in several court cases related to intelligent design, including the court case Kitzmiller v. Dover Area School District, where his views were cited in the ruling that intelligent design is not science and is religious in nature.

Behe's claims about the "irreducibly complex" nature of essential cellular structures have been rejected by the majority of the scientific community.
Uchastok No. 28
Uchastok №28 (Russian: Участок № 28) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Shaninskoye Rural Settlement, Talovsky District, Voronezh Oblast, Russia. The population was 216 as of 2010. There are 3 streets.

Talovsky District
Talovsky District  (Russian: Та́ловский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-two in Voronezh Oblast, Russia. It is located in the northeastern central part of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,910 square kilometers (740 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (a work settlement) of Talovaya. Population: 35,173 (2021 Census); 42,603 (2010 Census); 47,221 (2002 Census); 51,278 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Talovaya accounts for 31.7% of the district's total population.

The Russian Federal Nature Preserve Kamennaya Steppe is located in Talovsky District.
B. Linden Webb
Bernard Linden Webb  (25 November 1884 – 28 June 1968) was an Australian Christian minister and pacifist. During both World Wars he resigned from active ministry within the Methodist Church of Australasia because of his opposition to his nation's military engagement.

It was said of him on his death, that "he sought and found an expression for religious faith that satisfied both the demands of the spirit and the temper of the age ... for all his gentle modesty he was inflexibly firm and courageous in maintaining his convictions.  He believed that war is utterly wrong."

The peace activism of the 1960s within the Methodist Church grew from Webb's pioneering pacifist theology of earlier years.

Moss Vale
Moss Vale is a town in the Southern Highlands of New South Wales, Australia. Moss Vale is the administrative centre of Wingecarribee Shire local government area. It is located 142 kilometres (88 mi) south-west of Sydney and 159 kilometres (99 mi) north-east of Canberra. The Illawarra Highway, which connects to Wollongong and the Illawarra coast via Macquarie Pass.

Moss Vale has several heritage buildings. In the centre of the main street is Leighton Gardens. Moss Vale has undergone recent (2019) gentrification. It has become a hub for independent and creative businesses, including design stores, cafes, and bars. The town has a commercial district and a golf course, including a large parkland, Cecil Hoskins Nature Reserve.
Pedro Reis (economist)
Pedro Trigo de Morais de Albuquerque Reis (born 30 September 1967) is a Portuguese economist and politician of the Social Democratic Party who has been serving Minister of Economy in the XXIV Constitutional Government, led by Prime Minister Luís Montenegro, since 2024.

Since 3 July 2022, he has been coordinator of the "Movimento Acreditar", a think tank of the Social Democratic Party.

XXIV Constitutional Government of Portugal
The XXIV Constitutional Government of Portugal (Portuguese: XXIV Governo Constitucional de Portugal) was the 24th cabinet of the Portuguese government, led by Prime Minister Luís Montenegro. It was sworn in on 2 April 2024 and it was formed by a centre-right coalition between the Social Democratic Party (PSD) and the CDS – People's Party (CDS–PP), which ran together in the 2024 legislative election as part of the Democratic Alliance (AD).
Polster
Polster is a surname.

Notable people with this surname include:

Bernd Polster (born 1952), German author

Burkard Polster (born 1965), German mathematician and math popularizer

Dan Polster (born 1951), American judge

Hermann Christian Polster (born 1937), German opera singer

James Alan Polster (1947–2012), American novelist

James Polster (born 1979), American volleyball player

Keith Polster, designer of The Fright at Tristor, a Dungeons & Dragons adventure module

Manuel Polster (born 2002), Austrian footballer

Matt Polster (born 1993), American footballer

Miriam Polster (1924–2001), US clinical psychologist

Nikolas Polster (born 2002), Austrian footballer

Rita Polster (born 1948), Finnish film actress

Toni Polster (born 1964), Austrian footballer and former player

Victor Polster (born 2002), Belgian actor and dancer

Manuel Polster
Manuel Polster (born 23 December 2002) is an Austrian professional footballer who plays as a winger for German club TSV Havelse.

Although they share the same birthplace he is of no relation to Toni Polster.
Dustin Hogue
Dustin Hogue (born June 30, 1992) is an American professional basketball player for Pallacanestro CantùPallacanestro Cantù of the Serie A2. He played college basketball for Indian Hills Community College and Iowa State Cyclones. Hogue entered the 2015 NBA draft, but was not selected in the draft's two rounds.

Iowa State Cyclones men's basketball
The Iowa State Cyclones men's basketball team represents Iowa State University (ISU) and competes in the Big 12 Conference of NCAA Division I. The Cyclones play their home games at Hilton Coliseum on Iowa State's campus.
Symptomatic treatment
Symptomatic treatment, supportive care, supportive therapy, or palliative treatment is any medical therapy of a disease that only affects its symptoms, not the underlying cause. It is usually aimed at reducing the signs and symptoms for the comfort and well-being of the patient, but it also may be useful in reducing organic consequences and sequelae of these signs and symptoms of the disease. In many diseases, even in those whose etiologies are known (e.g., most viral diseases, such as influenza and Rift Valley fever), symptomatic treatment is the only treatment available so far.

For more detail, see supportive therapy. For conditions like cancer, arthritis, neuropathy, tendinopathy, and injury, it can be useful to distinguish treatments that are supportive/palliative and cannot alter the natural history of the disease (disease modifying treatments).

Signs and symptoms
Signs and symptoms are diagnostic indications of an illness, injury, or condition. While signs are objective and externally observable, symptoms are a person's reported subjective experiences.

A sign, for example, can be an elevated or lower than normal temperature or blood pressure; or an abnormal finding showing on medical imaging. A symptom is something out of the ordinary that is experienced by an individual such as feeling feverish, a headache or other pains in the body. Symptoms can be a result of the immune system's response to an infection, the physical manifestation of an abnormal body condition, or the effect of a consumed substance. Symptoms, though often indicative of a disease process, are not always diagnostically relevant, and can be idiopathic in nature.
Pediglissa
Pediglissa (from Ancient Greek  πέδον 'soil' and French  glisser 'to glide') is a subclass of phagotrophic protists that inhabit soil or freshwater habitats. They were defined in 2018 according to phylogenetic analyses that showed a clade containing the orders Cercomonadida and Glissomonadida. They're the sister group of Paracercomonadida.

Phagocytosis
Phagocytosis (from Ancient Greek  φαγεῖν (phagein) 'to eat' and  κύτος (kytos) 'cell') is the process by which a cell uses its plasma membrane to engulf a large particle (≥ 0.5 μm), giving rise to an internal compartment called the phagosome.  It is one type of endocytosis. A cell that performs phagocytosis is called a phagocyte.

In a multicellular organism's immune system, phagocytosis is a major mechanism used to remove pathogens and cell debris. The ingested material is then digested in the phagosome. Bacteria, dead tissue cells, and small mineral particles are all examples of objects that may be phagocytized. Some protozoa use phagocytosis as means to obtain nutrients. The two main cells that do this are the Macrophages and the Neutrophils of the immune system.

Where phagocytosis is used as a means of feeding and provides the organism part or all of its nourishment, it is called phagotrophy and is distinguished from osmotrophy, which is nutrition taking place by absorption.
Aslı Tandoğan
Aslı Tandoğan (born 2 April 1979) is a Turkish actress and professional harpist. Tandoğan graduated from the Music department of the State Conservatory of Hacettepe University. First, she chose the violin at conservatory for a year, and then chose the harp. Conservatory education started since childhood and continued for 10 years. She later joined Antalya Symphony Orchestra. Her father and aunt are ballet dancers. Her mother is a painter.

Tandoğan is best known for starring as the character Lamia in a series based on classic novel Dudaktan Kalbe ("From the Lips to the Heart").

She also co-starred in the movie Kabadayı as Karaca alongside Kenan İmirzalıoğlu, İsmail Hacıoğlu, Şener Şen. Also, she had guest role as Ilgın in hit crime series and film Behzat Ç. Her period roles are in Bir Zamanlar Osmanlı: Kıyam, Muhteşem Yüzyıl: Kösem, Kurşun Yarası. Her surreal roles are in Leyla ile Mecnun, İş Sanat Masal Tiyatrosu, Git Başımdan, Atlılar.

Behzat Ç. Bir Ankara Polisiyesi
Behzat Ç. Bir Ankara Polisiyesi (Behzat Ç. An Ankara Detective Story) is a Turkish police procedural crime drama television series based on the novels "Her Temas İz Bırakır" and "Son Hafriyat" by Emrah Serbes. The series takes place in Ankara. It first aired on 19 September 2010, on Star TV.  After the 3rd season ended in 2013, the 4th season has started in summer 2019 by 9-episode webisodes in BluTV. Also, Ercüment Çözer character's spin off series is "Saygı".
Nguyễn Tiến Nhật
Nguyễn Tiến Nhật (born April 5, 1990 in Ho Chi Minh City) is a Vietnamese épée fencer.

He was flagbearer for Vietnam at the Olympics opening ceremony of the 2012 Summer Olympics on July 27, 2012.

He competed in the 2012 Summer Olympics in the Men's épée event.

Fencing at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's épée
The men's épée competition in fencing at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London was held on 1 August at the ExCeL London Exhibition Centre. There were 30 competitors from 24 nations. Rubén Limardo of Venezuela won the gold medal – the country's only medal of the 2012 Games as well as the country's first medal in men's individual épée. Norway's Bartosz Piasecki won silver (that nation's first medal in the event, as well) and Jung Jin-Sun from South Korea took bronze.
Adobe Fresco
Adobe Fresco is a vector and raster graphics editor developed by Adobe primarily for digital painting. Originally designed for the Apple iPad with Pencil support, development for Adobe Fresco began in late 2019. Along with Creative Cloud, Fresco was released as part of CC 2019.

Raster graphics editor
A raster graphics editor (also called bitmap graphics editor) is a computer program that allows users to create and edit images interactively on the computer screen and save them in one of many raster graphics file formats (also known as bitmap images) such as JPEG, PNG, and GIF.
Rajesh Kachhap
Rajesh Kachhap is an Indian politician who is serving as a Member of the Jharkhand Legislative Assembly from the Khijri representing the Indian National Congress in 2019 Jharkhand Legislative Assembly election.

Khijri Assembly constituency
Khijri is a Legislative assembly constituency, in the Indian state of Jharkhand. It is in Ranchi district, is a part of the Ranchi Lok Sabha constituency, and is reserved for candidates of the Scheduled Tribes.
Father Sebastian Englert Anthropological Museum
The Father Sebastian Englert Anthropological Museum is a museum in the town of Hanga Roa on Rapa Nui (Easter Island) in Chilean Polynesia. Named for the Bavarian missionary, Fr. Sebastian Englert, OFM Cap., the museum was founded in 1973 and is dedicated to the conservation of the Rapa Nui cultural patrimony.

The museum is administered by the Chilean National Service of Cultural Heritage (Spanish: Servicio Nacional del Patrimonio Cultural, SNPC), and houses the William Mulloy Library.

Tūhura Otago Museum
Tūhura Otago Museum, located near the city center of Dunedin, New Zealand, adjacent to the University of Otago campus, is one of the country's largest museums and a prominent attraction in the city. The museum's extensive collections encompass natural science specimens and humanities artifacts from the Otago region and around the world, which are featured in its long-term gallery displays. A notable feature of the museum is its interactive science center, which includes an immersive tropical rainforest butterfly house. In 2022, the museum was officially renamed Tūhura Otago Museum, incorporating the Māori name "Tūhura," meaning "to discover, investigate, and explore."
Ilya Medvedev
Ilya Medvedev (born 18 November 1982) is a Russian sprint canoer who competed since the late 2000s. He won two bronze medals in the K-2 1000 m event at the 2010 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships in Poznań and in the K-4 1000 m event at the 2011 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships in Szeged.

At the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, Medvedev finished eighth the K-4 1000 m event.  At the 2012 Summer Olympics, he finished sixth in the K-2 1000 m and seventh in the K-4 1000 m.

Canoeing at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Men's K-4 1000 metres
The men's K-4 1000 metres competition in canoeing at the 2008 Summer Olympics took place at the Shunyi Olympic Rowing-Canoeing Park in Beijing between August 18 and 22.  The K-4 event is raced in four-person kayaks.

Competition consists of three rounds: the heats, the semifinals, and the final. All boats compete in the heats. The top three finishers in each of the two heats advance directly to the final, while the remaining four finishers in each heat move on to the semifinal. The top three finishers in the semifinal join the top heat finishers in the final.

Heats took place on August 18, semifinal on August 20, and the final on August 22.
Condé (diamond)
The Condé diamond, also known as the Grand Condé or Pink Condé, is a 9.01 carat (1.802 g), pear cut, pink diamond.

Of Indian origins, the first known owner is Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, merchant and traveler, who sold it to King Louis XIII of France. The king or his heir, Louis XIV, then gave it to Louis II de Bourbon, prince of Condé known as Le Grand Condé (the diamond take its name by him), as a reward for his services during the Thirty Years' War.

It remained in the possession of the Condé family until 1892, when the last heir, the Duke of Aumale, ceded it to the French government on condition that it remained on display at the Château de Chantilly. Stolen in 1926 and later recovered, it is now exhibited, with other historical gems, in the Condé Museum, housed in the Castle itself.

Musée Condé
The Musée Condé (French: [myze kɔ̃de]) – in English, the Condé Museum – is a French museum located inside the Château de Chantilly in Chantilly, Oise, 40 km (24.8 mi) north of Paris. In 1897, Henri d'Orléans, Duke of Aumale, son of Louis Philippe I, bequeathed the château and its collections to the Institut de France. It included rooms remodeled as museum spaces and those left as residential quarters in the styles of the 18th and 19th centuries.
George Clifford, 3rd Earl of Cumberland
George Clifford, 3rd Earl of Cumberland, 13th Baron de Clifford, 13th Lord of Skipton (8 August 1558 – 30 October 1605), was an English peer, naval commander, and courtier of Queen Elizabeth I of England. He was notable at court for his jousting, at the Accession Day Tilts, which were highlights of the year at court.  Two famous survivals, his portrait miniature by Nicholas Hilliard (c. 1590, now National Maritime Museum) and a garniture of Greenwich armour (now at the Metropolitan Museum of Art), reflect this important part of his life. In contrast, he neglected his estates in the far north of England and left a long succession dispute between his heirs.

National Maritime Museum
The National Maritime Museum (NMM) is a maritime museum in Greenwich, London. It is part of Royal Museums Greenwich, a network of museums in the Maritime Greenwich World Heritage Site. Like other publicly funded national museums in the United Kingdom, it has no general admission charge; there are admission charges for most side-gallery temporary exhibitions, usually supplemented by many loaned works from other museums.