hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Listed buildings in Marnham, Nottinghamshire
Marnham is a civil parish in the Bassetlaw District of Nottinghamshire, England.  The parish contains seven listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England.   Of these, one is listed at Grade I, the highest of the three grades, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade.   The parish contains the settlements of High Marnham, Low Marnham and Skegby, and the surrounding countryside.  The listed buildings consist of a church, two houses, a pigeoncote, a village hall, a farmhouse and farm buildings.

Dovecote
A dovecote or dovecot /ˈdʌvkɒt/, doocot (Scots) or columbarium is a structure intended to house pigeons or doves. Dovecotes may be free-standing structures in a variety of shapes, or built into the end of a house or barn. They generally contain pigeonholes for the birds to nest. Pigeons and doves were an important food source historically in the Middle East and Europe and were kept for their eggs and dung.
England at the 1994 Commonwealth Games
England competed at the 1994 Commonwealth Games in Victoria, British Columbia, Canada, between 18 and 28 August 1994.

England were represented by the Commonwealth Games Council for England (CGCE). England joined the Commonwealth of Nations as part of the United Kingdom in 1931. England finished third in the medal table.

1994 Commonwealth Games
The 1994 Commonwealth Games (French: XVéme Jeux du Commonwealth) were held in Victoria, British Columbia, Canada, between 18 and 28 August 1994. It was the 15th Commonwealth Games. These were the fourth and most recent Commonwealth Games to be hosted by Canada, after Hamilton 1930, Vancouver 1954, and Edmonton 1978.

The Games featured ten sports: athletics, aquatics (diving and swimming), badminton, boxing, cycling, gymnastics, lawn bowls, shooting, weightlifting and wrestling. Judo which had replaced wrestling in 1990 was dropped in favour of wrestling returning, the latter being dropped from the Games for the first time in 1990.
Jacques de Morgan
Jean-Jacques de Morgan (3 June 1857 – 14 June 1924)  was a French mining engineer, geologist, and archaeologist. He was the Director of Antiquities for the government of Egypt from 1892 to 1897, and excavated in Memphis and Dahshur, providing many drawings of many Egyptian pyramids. De Morgan also worked at Stonehenge, and Persepolis, and many other sites.

In Russian Armenia, De Morgan was the manager of a copper mine at Akhtala. "The Caucasus is of special interest in the study of the origins of metals; it is the easternmost point from which prehistoric remains are known; older than Europe and Greece, it still retains the traces of those civilizations that were the cradle of our own."

In 1887-89 he unearthed 576 graves around Alaverdi and Akhatala, near the Tiflis-Alexandropol railway line.

Barbara Mertz
Barbara Louise Mertz (September 29, 1927 – August 8, 2013) was an American author who wrote under her own name as well as under the pseudonyms Elizabeth Peters and Barbara Michaels. In 1952, she received a PhD in Egyptology from the University of Chicago. She was best known for her mystery and suspense novels, including the Amelia Peabody book series.

In the 1960s, Mertz authored two books on ancient Egypt: Temples, Tombs, and Hieroglyphs, a popular history of ancient Egypt; and Red Land, Black Land, which explores daily life in ancient Egypt. Both have remained in print ever since, and revised editions were released in 2007 and 2008, respectively.
Driss Dacha
Driss Dacha (born 29 December 1962) is a Moroccan retired long-distance runner who won several marathons and was named to the 1989 World Marathon Cup team for his country. He was the runner-up at the 1993 Berlin Marathon.

Marrakech Marathon
The Marrakech Marathon is an annual marathon held in Marrakesh, Morocco. Roughly 5000 runners turn out for the event annually.

At the inaugural edition of the race in 1987 French runner Jacques Boxberger won the men's race while the women's race was won by a Moroccan 14-year-old Nadia Ouaziz-Colombero – whose win made her one of the youngest ever winners of an international level marathon.
Santa Cruz, New Mexico
Santa Cruz, historically known as Santa Cruz de la Cañada, is a census-designated place (CDP) in Santa Fe County, New Mexico, United States. It is part of the Santa Fe, New Mexico Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 423 at the 2000 census.

Pueblo Revolt
The Pueblo Revolt of 1680, also known as Popé's Rebellion or Po'pay's Rebellion, was an uprising of most of the Indigenous Pueblo people against the Spanish colonists in the province of Santa Fe de Nuevo México, larger than present-day New Mexico. Persistent Spanish policies, coupled with incidents of brutality and cruelty such as those that occurred in 1599 and resulted in the Ácoma Massacre, stoked animosity and gave rise to the eventual Revolt of 1680. The persecution and mistreatment of Pueblo people who adhered to traditional religious practices was the most despised of these. Scholars consider it the first Native American religious traditionalist revitalization movement. The Spaniards were resolved to abolish pagan forms of worship and replace them with Christianity. The Pueblo Revolt killed 400 Spaniards and drove the remaining 2,000 settlers out of the province. The Spaniards returned to New Mexico twelve years later.
Kodak Ektaprint Electronic Publishing System
The Kodak Ektaprint Electronic Publishing System (KEEPS) was a professional electronic publishing system sold internationally by the Eastman Kodak Company from 1987–1992. KEEPS was a fully integrated turnkey system, consisting of publishing software from Interleaf, computer hardware from Sun Microsystems, customized front-end software developed by Kodak that ran on Unix System V Release 4, and Kodak's high-end scanners (which were designed in-house) and Ektaprint printers and copiers (which were actually Heidelberg-engined machines).

KEEPS was capable of producing WYSIWYG ("what you see is what you get") output at near-typeset quality, while also offering document management and workflow tools for collaborative environments.

Marketing materials from Kodak distinguished KEEPs from Desktop Publishing by describing the product as Professional Electronic Publishing.

KEEPS became the preferred document publishing system from 1989–1990 amongst governments and large corporations.

UNIX System V
UNIX System V (pronounced: "System Five") is one of the first commercial versions of the Unix operating system. It was originally developed by AT&T and first released in 1983. Four major versions of System V were released, numbered 1, 2, 3, and 4. System V Release 4 (SVR4) was commercially the most successful version, being the result of an effort, marketed as Unix System Unification, which solicited the collaboration of the major Unix vendors. It was the source of several common commercial Unix features. System V is sometimes abbreviated to SysV.

As of 2026, the AT&T-derived Unix market is divided between three System V variants: IBM's AIX, Oracle's Solaris, and the free-software illumos forked from OpenSolaris.
Ghaf Makin
Ghaf Makin is an abandoned settlement in Qatar, in the municipality of Ash Shamal. In 1917, it was described as a Bedouin camping ground with 6 wells yielding good water. It was also mentioned that a ruined fort was located in its confines.

The landscape of Ghaf Makin is typified by its depressions. As such, the low elevation ensured that the area would flood during the wet season and aid in the development of the freshwater lens, which is attested to by the relative abundance of grasses and trees.

Lens (hydrology)
In hydrology, a lens, also called freshwater lens or Ghyben-Herzberg lens, is a convex layer of fresh groundwater that floats above the denser saltwater and is usually found on small coral or limestone islands and atolls.  This aquifer of fresh water is recharged through precipitation that infiltrates the top layer of soil and percolates downward until it reaches the saturated zone.  The recharge rate of the lens can be summarized by the following equation:

Where  is the recharge rate in meters,  is precipitation (m), and  is evapotranspiration (m) of water.  With higher amounts of recharge, the hydraulic head is increased, and a thick freshwater lens is maintained through the dry season.  Lower rates of precipitation or higher rates of interception and evapotranspiration will decrease the hydraulic head, resulting in a thin lens.
Chrome Dokuro
Chrome Dokuro (Japanese: クローム 髑髏, Hepburn: Kurōmu Dokuro) is a fictional character in the Reborn! manga and anime series created by Akira Amano. Apart from the manga and anime, Chrome has also appeared in other media from the Reborn! franchise including video games, Drama CDs, and light novels.

Akira Amano
Akira Amano (天野 明, Amano Akira; born 1973) is a Japanese mangaka known for the shōnen series Reborn!.

Early versions of Reborn! were published in seinen manga magazines. In late 2003, the series, a stand-alone short story at the time, was published in the Weekly Shōnen Jump magazine. After the success of the short story, the series began serialization in the magazine in mid-2004. Since then, the manga has been adapted into an anime, as well as five light novels and several video games. On Nikkei Entertainment's list of most successful manga artists she ranked 12th.
Yeronga Football Club
The Yeronga South Brisbane Football Club, often known simply as Yeronga and nicknamed the Devils,  is an Australian rules football club that plays in Division 2 of the Queensland Football Association (QFA) men's leagues and in the AFL Queensland Women's League (QAFLW). The club has previously competed in the Queensland Australian National Football League (QANFL).

Sam Virgo
Samantha Virgo (born 20 February 1987) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for Brisbane and Gold Coast in the AFL Women's. She was selected in the All-Australian team in 2017, and co-captained Gold Coast from 2020 to 2021.
HMS Acasta (1797)
HMS Acasta was a 40-gun Royal Navy fifth-rate frigate. She saw service in the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, as well as the War of 1812. Although she never took part in any notable single-ship actions nor saw action in a major battle though she was at the Battle of San Domingo, she captured numerous prizes and rid the seas of many Spanish, French, and American privateers. She was finally broken up in 1821.

La Guaira
La Guaira (Spanish: [la ˈɣwajɾa] ⓘ) is the capital city of the eponymous state of Venezuela (formerly named Vargas) and the country's main port, founded in 1577 as an outlet for nearby Caracas.

The city hosts its own professional baseball team in the Venezuelan Professional Baseball League, the Tiburones de La Guaira. They have won eight national championships since their founding in 1962 and won the Caribbean Series in 2023-24.
Foxear Creek
Foxear Creek is a stream in the municipality of Greenstone, Thunder Bay District in northwestern Ontario, Canada. It is in the Great Lakes Basin and is a left tributary of the Namewaminikan River. The river lies in the geographic townships of Sandra, Irwin and Walters.

Greenstone, Ontario
Greenstone is a single-tier municipality in the Canadian province of Ontario with a population of 4,309 according to the 2021 Canadian census. It stretches along Highway 11 from Lake Nipigon to Longlac and covers 2,767.19 km2 (1,068.42 sq mi).

The town was formed on January 1, 2001, as part of municipal re-organization under the Progressive Conservative government of Ontario. It combined the former Townships of Beardmore and Nakina, the Towns of Geraldton and Longlac with large unincorporated portions of Unorganized Thunder Bay District.

It is the administrative office of the band government for the Animbiigoo Zaagi'igan Anishinaabek First Nation.
Stuart Allan
Stuart Allan is an American actor. He is known for voicing Damian Wayne in the DC Animated Movie Universe films Son of Batman, Batman vs. Robin, Batman: Bad Blood, Justice League vs. Teen Titans, Teen Titans: The Judas Contract, Batman: Hush, and Justice League Dark: Apokolips War, and Russell Clay in Transformers: Robots in Disguise.

DC Animated Movie Universe
The DC Animated Movie Universe (DCAMU) is  an American media franchise and shared universe of animated films distributed between 2013 and 2024 by Warner Bros. Animation and DC Entertainment. Based on characters from the DC Universe (DC Comics), the franchise is part of the DC Universe Animated Original Movies line.

The main film series are split into two story arcs with different continuities. The first story arc began in 2013 with Justice League: The Flashpoint Paradox and ended in 2020 with Justice League Dark: Apokolips War, while the second story arc, nicknamed the "Tomorrowverse", began later that year with Superman: Man of Tomorrow and concluded in 2024 with the Justice League: Crisis on Infinite Earths trilogy.

The franchise comprises 25 films overall, with tie-in media including 5 short films, one web series and two digital comics.
Fountain Springs Park
Fountain Springs Park is a 240-acre wilderness park, located in Delaware County, Iowa, United States.

The park is operated by the Delaware County Conservation Board; it includes hiking trails, picnic and camping areas, and more than a mile of Elk Creek on which visitors are permitted to fish for trout. Facilities also include RV parking and toilets. Although there is room for RVs, the dirt road is tricky especially after a rain.

Dirt road
A dirt road or dirt track is a type of unpaved road not paved with asphalt, concrete, brick, or stone; made from the native material of the land surface through which it passes, known to highway engineers as subgrade material.
Skinny Jeanz and a Mic
Skinny Jeanz and a Mic is the debut studio album by American hip hop duo New Boyz, composed of rappers Legacy and Ben J. It was released on September 15, 2009, via Shotty Music, Asylum Records and Warner Bros. Records. The album was heavily influenced by jerkin' music. It received generally positive reviews, being called the sixth best album of 2009 by The New York Times. The album was released after the duo brought jerkin' to national attention with their viral hit "You're a Jerk", which later became a commercial success and the first single off their album. The second single "Tie Me Down", featuring Ray J, was released and also was successful. The album debuted at fifty-six on the Billboard 200, and at number twelve on Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums and eight on Top Rap Albums. The album was produced by New Boyz member, Legacy, and also contributions from producers, Jay-Nari, D&D and DJ Felli Fel.

Asylum Records
Asylum Records is a defunct American record label, founded in 1971 by David Geffen and partner Elliot Roberts. It was taken over by Warner Communications (now the Warner Music Group) in 1972, and later merged with Elektra Records to become Elektra/Asylum Records.

After previous incarnations, it is geared primarily towards hip-hop, along with rock and alternative metal. It is owned and distributed by Warner Music Group.
Harry Phillip Hall
Harry Phillip Hall (1946 - ) is an Australian human rights activist, public servant and Aboriginal community leader. Hall is a Gomeroi and Euahlayi man, born in Walgett, NSW in 1946.

Walgett had a "colour bar", excluding Aboriginal people from some venues including the RSL and segregating them in venues like the cinema and the hospital. Hall was born in a segregated Blacks only labour ward at Walgett District Hospital.

Together with his father, activist Harry Hall, he was one of the supporters of the 1965 Freedom Ride that drew national attention to the living conditions of Aboriginal people and the racism they experienced in New South Wales country towns.

Hall worked in Australian Indigenous affairs, advocating for land rights and supporting justice for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. He was directly involved in the NSW Annual Aboriginal Rugby League Knockout Carnival (Koori Knockout) sporting events for many years and organised Survival Day concerts.

Returned and Services League of Australia
The Returned & Services League of Australia, also known as the RSL, RSL Australia and RSLA, has the primary purpose of promoting the interests and welfare of current and former serving members of the Australian Defence Force, as well as their dependants. As of 2025, it had more than 150,000 members. Through its branches and affiliated local clubs across Australia, the RSL offers camaraderie as well as direct financial aid, mental health support, housing assistance, and help with employment and transitioning to civilian life. It also assists veterans in navigating entitlements and benefits from the Department of Veterans' Affairs. It organises and supports major events such as ANZAC Day and Remembrance Day to honour and preserve the memory of the men and women who served in the defence of Australia. The RSL also lobbies Australian federal and state governments on policies and issues affecting veterans' welfare, and advocates for the broader defence community.
Mason Tvert
Mason Tvert is an American marijuana rights activist, founder of Safer Alternative For Enjoyable Recreation, and current communications director for the Marijuana Policy Project in Colorado.  He has been described as the "Don Draper of Pot" by Politico which also considers him to be one of the primary factors in the legalization of personal use of marijuana in Colorado. At one point in his advocacy he was known to have challenged John Hickenlooper and Pete Coors to a contest that Tvert would take a puff on a joint for every beer they drank.

Marijuana Policy Project
The Marijuana Policy Project (MPP) is the largest organization working solely on marijuana policy reform in the United States in terms of its budget, number of members, and staff.

MPP advocates taxing and regulating the possession and sale of marijuana in a manner similar to alcohol, envisions a nation where marijuana education is honest and realistic, and believes treatment for problem marijuana users should be non-coercive and geared toward reducing harm.

The organization and its various ballot initiatives has largely been funded by the late billionaire Peter B. Lewis, and now by his family. Marijuana Policy Project estimated that the market of legal cannabis will reach US$57 billion in 2030.
South African patent system
The South African patent system is the system by which patents are granted in South Africa.

As is the case in many other countries, a patent provides legal protection for a new and industrially applicable invention. This invention, which constitutes either a product or process, has to be brought about as a result of an inventive step. Essentially, this new product or process has to represent a new way of doing things or has to provide a technical solution to a real-life industrial problem. An invention is only considered to be new and based on an inventive step if the same idea has not been expressed in writing, orally or practically, or in any other way, anywhere immediately prior to the priority date of the invention.

Industrial applicability
In certain jurisdictions' patent law, industrial applicability or industrial application is a patentability requirement according to which a patent can only be granted for an invention which is susceptible of industrial application, i.e. for an invention which can be made or used in some kind of industry. In this context, the concept of "industry" is far-reaching: it includes agriculture, for instance. An example of invention which would not be susceptible of industrial application is "a method of contraception [...] to be applied in the private and personal sphere of a human being".

In United States patent law, the utility requirement is a more or less corresponding, but different, requirement.
French Revolution of 1848
The French Revolution of 1848 (French: Révolution française de 1848), also known as the February Revolution (Révolution de février), was a period of civil unrest in France, in February 1848, that led to the collapse of the July Monarchy and the foundation of the French Second Republic. It sparked the wave of revolutions of 1848.

The revolution took place in Paris, and was preceded by the French government's crackdown on the campagne des banquets. Starting on 22 February as a large-scale protest against the government of François Guizot, it later developed into a violent uprising against the monarchy. After intense urban fighting, large crowds managed to take control of the capital, leading to the abdication of King Louis Philippe I on 24 February and the subsequent proclamation of the Second Republic.

Place de la Concorde
The Place de la Concorde (French: [plas d(ə) la kɔ̃kɔʁd] ⓘ; "Harmony Square"), originally the Place Louis XV (Louis XV Square), and later the Place Louis XVI (Louis XVI Square), is a public square in Paris. Measuring 7.6 ha (19 acres) in area, it is the largest square in the city. It is located in the 8th arrondissement, at the eastern end of the Champs-Élysées.

The square was the site of many notable public executions, including Louis XVI, Marie Antoinette and Maximilien Robespierre in the course of the French Revolution, during which it was temporarily renamed the Place de la Révolution ('Revolution Square'). It received its current name in 1795 as a gesture of reconciliation in the later years of the revolution, although later the original name was reverted for a period. A metro station is located at the northeastern corner of Place de la Concorde on Lines 1, 8, and 12 of the Paris Métro.
Charley McVeigh
Charles Henry "Rabbit" McVeigh (March 29, 1898 — May 7, 1984) was a Canadian professional ice hockey player who played 397 games in the National Hockey League with the Chicago Black Hawks and New York Americans between 1926 and 1935. He also was a veteran in Canada who fought in the First World War.

His nickname "Rabbit" came from his speed combined with his ability to jump the sticks of opponent players.

He was the last surviving former player of the Portland Rosebuds.

New York Americans
The New York Americans, colloquially known as the Amerks, were a professional ice hockey team based in New York City from 1925 to 1942. They were the third expansion team in the history of the National Hockey League (NHL) and the second to play in the United States. The team never won the Stanley Cup, but reached the semifinals twice. While it was the first team in New York City, it was eclipsed by the second, the New York Rangers, which arrived in 1926 under the ownership of the Amerks' landlord, Madison Square Garden. The team played as the Brooklyn Americans during the 1941–42 season before suspending operations in 1942 due to World War II and long-standing financial difficulties. The demise of the club marked the beginning of the NHL's Original Six era from 1942 to 1967, though the Amerks' franchise was not formally canceled until 1946. The team's overall regular season record was 255–402–127.
Lawrence Paul Yuxweluptun
Lawrence Paul Yuxweluptun is a Tsartlip/Syilx First Nations contemporary artist from Canada. His paintings employ elements of Northwest Coast formline design and Surrealism to explore issues as environmentalism, land ownership, and Canada's treatment of First Nations peoples.

Tsartlip First Nation
Tsartlip First Nation is a First Nation located on the Saanich Peninsula, in Saanich territory on Vancouver Island.  They are a member of the Sencot'en Alliance fighting for Native rights.  In the 1850s, they were signatories to one of the Douglas Treaties.

The band's reserve and offices are located near and to the north of the town of Brentwood Bay.