hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Laws of the Indies
The Laws of the Indies (Spanish: Leyes de las Indias) are the entire body of laws issued by the Spanish Crown in 1573 for the American and the Asian possessions of its empire. They regulated social, political, religious, and economic life in these areas. The laws are composed of myriad decrees issued over the centuries and the important laws of the 16th century, which attempted to regulate the interactions between the settlers and natives, such as the Laws of Burgos (1512) and the New Laws (1542). Throughout the 400 years of Spanish presence in these parts of the world, the laws were compiled several times, most notably in 1680 under Charles II in the Recopilación de las Leyes de los Reynos de las Indias (Compilation of the Laws of the Kingdoms of the Indies). This became considered the classic collection of the laws, although later laws superseded parts of it, and other compilations were issued.

Charles II of Spain
Charles II (6 November 1661 – 1 November 1700) was the king of Spain from 1665 to 1700. The last monarch from the House of Habsburg that had ruled Spain since 1516, his death without children resulted in the 1701 to 1714 War of the Spanish Succession.

For reasons still debated, Charles experienced lengthy periods of ill health throughout his life. This made the question of who would succeed him central to European diplomacy for much of his reign, with one historian writing that "from the day of his birth, they were waiting for his death".

The two candidates for the succession were Charles of Austria, from the House of Habsburg, and Philip of Anjou, the 16-year-old grandson of Louis XIV of France, from the House of Bourbon. Shortly before dying in November 1700, Charles made the latter his heir, but the acquisition of an undivided Spanish Empire by either threatened the European balance of power and resulted in war.
Jadavpur University Ground
Jadavpur University Ground is a multi-purpose stadium located in Salt Lake City Campus of Jadavpur University, West Bengal. The ground is mainly used for organizing matches of football, cricket and other sports. The main ground at the Salt Lake campus has been leased out to the Cricket Association of Bengal and it often plays host to inter- and intrastate cricket matches. The stadium was established in 2004 when the ground hosted Ranji Trophy match between Bengal cricket team and Karnataka cricket team Since then, it hosted four more First-class cricket matches.

The stadium is regular host of List A and Twenty20 cricket matches

Karnataka cricket team
Karnataka cricket team represents the Indian state of Karnataka in domestic cricket competitions. It has traditionally been one of the strongest teams in the domestic circuit and has produced many of Indian cricket team's iconic players. It was known as Mysore cricket team before the state of Mysore was officially renamed as Karnataka in 1973. It has won the Ranji Trophy eight times and been runners-up six times (including twice as the Mysore team). The team's home ground is the M. Chinnaswamy Stadium in Bengaluru. There was a major push in cricketing infrastructure in 2010s and as of now, grounds in Bengaluru, Mysuru, Hubballi are constantly used in Ranji Trophy, Vijay Hazare Trophy & Karnataka Premier League
Trepaxonemata
Trepaxonemata (from trepa-, spiral + axoneme) is a clade of flatworms. It includes all parasitic flatworms (clade Neodermata) and several free-living species that were previously grouped in the now obsolete class Turbellaria. Therefore, it contains the majority of species in the phylum Platyhelminthes, excluding Catenulida and Macrostomorpha.

Axoneme
In molecular biology, an axoneme is the microtubule-based cytoskeletal structure that forms the core of a cilium or flagellum. Cilia and flagella are found on many eukaryotic cells, including both multicellular organisms and unicellular microorganisms. Motor proteins are attached to the axoneme of many cilia and flagella whose action causes periodic bending to drive cell swimming or motion of surrounding fluid, although not all cilia have motor proteins and can be unable to move. Though distinctions of function and length may be made between cilia and flagella, the internal structure of the axoneme is common to both.
WKZK
WKZK (1600 kHz) is a commercial AM radio station licensed to North Augusta, South Carolina. It serves the  Augusta metropolitan area and Central Savannah River Area.  WKZK broadcasts an urban gospel radio format and is owned by Gosepl Radio, Inc.  The studios are on Milledge Road in Augusta.

By day, WKZK is powered at 4,000 watts.  But at night, to protect other stations on 1600 AM from interference, WKZK greatly reduces power to 27 watts.  It uses a non-directional antenna.  Programming is also heard on three FM translators at 98.9, 103.7 and 104.7 MHz in Augusta.

Augusta metropolitan area
The Augusta metropolitan area, officially the Augusta-Richmond County metropolitan statistical area according to the U.S. Office of Management and Budget, Census Bureau and other agencies, is a metropolitan statistical area centered on the city of Augusta, Georgia. It straddles two U.S. states, Georgia and South Carolina, and includes the Georgia counties of Richmond, Burke, Columbia, Lincoln, and McDuffie as well as the South Carolina counties of Aiken and Edgefield. The official 2023 U.S. census estimate for the area was 629,429 residents, up from 611,000 at the 2020 U.S. census.
Gauhar Rehman
Maulana Gauhar Rehman (1936 – 18 March 2003) was a Pakistani Islamic scholar, Mufassir and Muhaddith as well as a politician from Jamaat E Islami Pakistan who had served as a member of the 7th Assembly National Assembly of Pakistan from 20 March 1985 to 29 May 1988.

Maulana Gohar Rehman was born in 1936 to Muhammad Sharifullah in Chamrasi village, Dara Shangoli, Mansehra district, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. His great-grandfather Maulana Abdul Karim was a great religious scholar who took part in the jihad against the Sikhs in the company of Akhund Darweza. His father was also a great religious scholar and Imam who offered valuable religious services in the Gobhai, Mansehra district.

Mawlānā
Mawlana (/mɔːˈlɑːnə/; from Persian, Arabic: مولانا), also spelled as Molana or Maulana, is a title, mostly in South Asia, preceding the name of respected Muslim religious leaders, in particular graduates of religious institutions, e.g. a madrassa or a darul uloom, or scholars who have studied under other Islamic scholars.
Tecan
Tecan Group Ltd. is a Swiss company providing laboratory instruments and solutions in  biopharmaceuticals,  forensics, clinical  diagnostics and medical technology for pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, university research departments, diagnostic laboratories and clinics.

The company specializes in laboratory automation. As an original equipment manufacturer (OEM), it develops and manufactures OEM instruments, components and medical devices that are then distributed by partner companies.

Founded in  Switzerland, in 1980, the company has over 3,500 employees, owns production and research and development sites in North America, Europe and APAC  and maintains a sales and service network in 52 countries.

In 2021, Tecan generated sales of CHF 946 million. Registered shares of Tecan Group are traded on the SIX Swiss Exchange (TECN; ISIN CH0012100191).

Diagnosis
Diagnosis (pl.: diagnoses) is the identification of the nature and cause of a certain phenomenon. Diagnosis is used in a lot of different disciplines, with variations in the use of logic, analytics, and experience, to determine "cause and effect". In systems engineering and computer science, it is typically used to determine the causes of symptoms, mitigations, and solutions.
Robert Heavener
Robert William Heavener (28 February 1905 – 8 March 2005) was an Irish Anglican bishop and author. Among other works he wrote Co. Fermanagh: a short topographical and historical account (1940); Diskos (1970); Spare My Tortured People (1983), and Credo (1993); some or all of these were written under the pen name Robert Cielou.

He was educated at Trinity College, Dublin and ordained in 1929. He married Ada Marjorie Dagg in 1936; the couple had two children. After serving curacies at Clones and Lack, he became Rector of Derryvullen and then Rural Dean of Monaghan. He was Archdeacon of Clogher from 1968 to 1973, when he was named Bishop of Clogher.

Lack, County Fermanagh
Lack (from Irish An Leac, meaning 'the flagstone') is a small village and townland (of 224  acres) in County Fermanagh, Northern Ireland, 5.5 km east-north-east of Ederny. It is situated in the civil parish of Magheraculmoney and the historic barony of Lurg. It had a population of 111 people (50 households) in the 2011 census. (2001 census: 114 people).
Judith Rothschild
Judith Rothschild (1921–1993) was an American abstract painter and philanthropist. Rothschild was born in New York city and studied art at Cranbrook Academy and at the Art Students League. Her work is included in the collections of the National Gallery of Art, Washington, the Whitney Museum of American Art and the Phillips Collection.

At the time of her death, Rothschild owned a significant collection works by artists such as Piet Mondrian, Henri Matisse, Constantin Brâncuși, Juan Gris and Pablo Picasso. Rothschild specified in her will that her assets should be used to create the Judith Rothschild Foundation, in order to support the "conservation, publication, and exhibition of works by Ms. Rothschild’s contemporaries". The foundation's mandate required it to direct support only to artists who had died between 1976 and 2008.

Constantin Brâncuși
Constantin Brâncuși (Romanian: [konstanˈtin brɨŋˈkuʃʲ] ⓘ; February 19, 1876 – March 16, 1957) was a Romanian sculptor, painter, and photographer who made his career in France.  Considered one of the most influential sculptors of the 20th century and a pioneer of modernism, Brâncuși is called the patriarch of modern sculpture. As a child, he displayed an aptitude for carving wooden farm tools. Formal studies took him first to Bucharest, then to Munich, then to the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris from 1905 to 1907. His art emphasizes clean geometrical lines that balance forms inherent in his materials with the symbolic allusions of representational art. Brâncuși sought inspiration in non-European cultures as a source of primitive exoticism, as did Paul Gauguin, Pablo Picasso, André Derain, and others. However, other influences emerge from Romanian folk art traceable through Byzantine and Dionysian traditions.
Francesca Martini
Francesca Martini (born 31 August 1961 in Verona) is a Venetist politician. She is a member of Liga Veneta-Lega Nord.

She was first elected to the Chamber of Deputies in 2001, but she failed re-election five years later. In 2007, however, she replaced Flavio Tosi as Health regional minister of Veneto in Galan III Government.

In May 2008, after returning to the Chamber of Deputies, Martini was appointed Under-Secretary of Labour and Health in Berlusconi IV Cabinet.

Third Galan government
The third Galan government, led by president Giancarlo Galan, was the 16th government of Veneto and was in office from 19 May 2005 to 19 April 2010.

Source: Region of Veneto — The Regional Government from 1970 until today
CBX5 (gene)
Chromobox protein homolog 5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CBX5 gene. It is a highly conserved, non-histone protein part of the heterochromatin family. The protein itself is more commonly called (in humans) HP1α. Heterochromatin protein-1 (HP1) has an N-terminal domain that acts on methylated lysines residues leading to epigenetic repression. The C-terminal of this protein has a chromo shadow-domain (CSD) that is responsible for homodimerizing, as well as interacting with a variety of chromatin-associated, non-histone proteins.

Non-histone protein
In chromatin, those proteins which remain after the histones have been removed, are classified as non-histone proteins.  The non-histone proteins, are a large group of heterogeneous proteins that play a role in organization and compaction of the chromosome into higher order structures. They play vital roles in regulating processes like nucleosome remodeling, DNA replication, RNA synthesis and processing, nuclear transport, steroid hormone action and interphase/mitosis transition.
Scaffold proteins, DNA polymerase, Heterochromatin Protein 1 and Polycomb are common non-histone proteins.  This classification group also includes numerous other structural, regulatory, and motor proteins. Non-histone proteins are acidic.

The methylation of non-histone proteins regulates responses to DNA damage including the modulation of DNA repair pathways in proliferating and post-mitotic neuronal cells. Such modulation likely has implications for neuronal function.
Svalbard Airport
Svalbard Airport (Norwegian: Svalbard lufthavn; IATA: LYR, ICAO: ENSB) is the main airport serving Svalbard in Norway. It is 5 km (3.1 mi) northwest of Longyearbyen on the west coast, and is the northernmost airport in the world with scheduled public flights. The first airport near Longyearbyen was constructed during World War II. In 1959, it was first used for occasional flights, but could only be used a few months a year. Construction of the new airport at Hotellneset started in 1973, and the airport was opened on 2 September 1975. It is owned and operated by state-owned Avinor.

In 2014, the airport handled 154,261 passengers. Scandinavian Airlines operates daily flights to Tromsø and Oslo in mainland Norway. Lufttransport provides services to the other airport on Svalbard: Ny-Ålesund, using Dornier 228 turboprop aircraft. There are also regular charter flights.

Barentsburg
Barentsburg (Russian: Баренцбург) is the second-largest settlement in Svalbard, Norway, with about 300 inhabitants (2025). A coal mining town, the settlement is almost entirely made up of Russian nationals.
Clara, County Offaly
Clara (Irish: Clóirtheach; sometimes translated locally as Clárach) is a town on the River Brosna in County Offaly, Ireland. It is the 10th largest town in the midlands of Ireland. The town had a population of 3,403 as of the 2022 census.

Clara's local services include churches, schools, a branch of the Laois & Offaly Education and Training Board, a library, doctor's surgery, medical centre, pharmacies, health centre, family resource centre, shops, post office, credit union, hair and beauty salons, barbers, garages, pubs, eateries, a playground, public swimming pool, pitch and putt club, GAA club, and Clara Bog Visitor Centre. There is a Garda (police) station and fire station in the town, while the Midlands Regional Hospital is located approximately eleven kilometres away in Tullamore.

Midland Regional Hospital, Tullamore
The Midland Regional Hospital, Tullamore (Irish: Ospidéal Réigiúnach Lár Tíre, An Tulach Mhór) is a public hospital located in Tullamore, County Offaly, Ireland. It is managed by Dublin Midlands Hospital Group.
Javořice Highlands
The Javořice Highlands (Czech: Javořická vrchovina, German: Jaborschützer Bergeland) is a mountain range in the Czech Republic. The highlands, together with the Jevišovice Highlands threshold, form the Western-Moravian part of Moldanubian Zone - east south part of Bohemian Massif.

Bohemian Massif
The Bohemian Massif (Czech: Česká vysočina or Český masiv, German: Böhmische Masse or Böhmisches Massiv) is a geomorphological province in Central Europe. It is a large massif stretching over most of the Czech Republic, eastern Germany, southern Poland and northern Austria.

The massif encompasses a number of mittelgebirges and consists of crystalline rocks, which are older than the Permian (more than 300 million years old) and therefore deformed during the Variscan Orogeny.

Parts of the Sudetes within the Bohemian Massif, Giant Mountains in particular, stand out from the ordinary mittelgebirge pattern by having up to four distinct levels of altitudinal zonation, glacial cirques, small periglacial landforms and an elevation significantly above the timber line.
Fumiyo Kōno
Fumiyo Kōno (こうの 史代, Kōno Fumiyo, born 28 September 1968), commonly romanized Fumiyo Kouno, is a Japanese manga artist from Nishi-ku, Hiroshima, known for her 2004 manga Town of Evening Calm, Country of Cherry Blossoms and her 2007 manga In This Corner of the World which got an anime film adaptation in 2016 by MAPPA.

MAPPA
MAPPA Co., Ltd. (Japanese: 株式会社MAPPA, Hepburn: Kabushiki-gaisha MAPPA) is a Japanese animation studio headquartered in Nakano, Tokyo. Founded in 2011 at Suginami, Tokyo by Madhouse co-founder and producer Masao Maruyama, it has produced anime television series including Terror in Resonance, Yuri!!! on Ice, Kakegurui, Banana Fish, Zombie Land Saga, Dororo (with Tezuka Productions), Dorohedoro, Jujutsu Kaisen, Attack on Titan (season 4), Vinland Saga (season 2), Chainsaw Man, Hell's Paradise: Jigokuraku, and Ranma ½ (2024). MAPPA is an acronym for Maruyama Animation Produce Project Association.
Shobha Gasti
Shobha Gasti is an Indian activist based in Belgaum in the Indian state of Karnataka. She founded Mahila Abhivrudhi Mattu Samrakshana Samasthe (MASS) in 1997. It helps former Devadasi women in 360 villages in Karnataka to move forward in their lives. Having begun with 2,500 members, by 2014 it had 3,600 participants. MASS succeeded in securing pensions for former Devadasis who were over 45 years old. Gasti also promotes children's rights, working with groups such as Child Rights and You (CRY).

In recognition of her work, Gasti was given the 2021 Nari Shakti Puraskar by President Ram Nath Kovind in 2022.

Ram Nath Kovind
Ram Nath Kovind (Hindi: Rām Nāth Kovind, pronounced [ɾɑm nɑt̪ʰ koʋɪnd̪]ⓘ ; born 1 October 1945) is an Indian politician and lawyer who served as the  president of India from 2017 to 2022. He is the first person from Uttar Pradesh as well as the first member of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) to become the president of India. Prior to his presidency, he served as the Governor of Bihar from 2015 to 2017 and as a Member of Rajya Sabha from Uttar Pradesh for two successive terms.  Prior to entering politics, he was a lawyer and he practised in the Delhi High Court and the Supreme Court of India until 1993.
National Renewal Movement (Bolivia)
The National Renewal Movement (Spanish: Movimiento de Renovación Nacional), known by its syllabic abbreviation Morena, is a Bolivian political party led by Eva Copa, the mayor of El Alto. Copa had been a member of the ruling Movimiento al Socialismo until 2020, when she left the party to become an independent. She later served as President of the Senate under the government of Jeanine Áñez.

The party also claims governor of Chuquisaca Damián Condori as a member.

Chuquisaca Department
Chuquisaca (Spanish pronunciation: [tʃukiˈsaka]; Guarani: Chuquisaca; Quechua: Chuqichaka; Aymara: Chuqisaka) is a department of Bolivia located in the center south. It borders on the departments of Cochabamba, Tarija, Potosí, and Santa Cruz. The departmental capital is Sucre, which is also the constitutional capital of Bolivia.
SS Brulin
SS Brulin was a lake freighter that worked the North American Great Lakes routes from 1924 to 1960. She was renamed Outarde in 1939, and James J. Buckler in 1960, shortly before she ran aground and sank during salvage operations.
Brulin was built by Palmers Shipbuilding and Iron Company, Hebburn-on-Tyne and launched on 31 July 1924, for the Montreal Forwarding Company. She was built to the maximum dimensions of the canal locks that  preceded the St Lawrence Seaway.

Lake freighter
Lake freighters, or lakers, are bulk carriers operating on the Great Lakes of North America. These vessels are traditionally called boats, although classified as ships. Freighters typically have a long, narrow hull, a raised pilothouse, and the engine located at the rear of the ship.

Lakers have been used since the late 19th century to haul raw material from docks in the Great Lakes and St Lawrence Seaway regions to the industrial centers of Ontario, Quebec, and the American Midwest. The navigation season typically runs from late March through next mid-January due to the formation of ice on the lakes.

The largest lake freighters can travel up to 15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph) and can carry as much as 78,850 long tons (80,120 t) of bulk cargo.

SS Edmund Fitzgerald, which sank in 1975, became widely known as the largest  vessel to be wrecked on the Great Lakes.
Miss USA 1953
Miss USA 1953 was the second Miss USA pageant, held at the Long Beach Municipal Auditorium in Long Beach, California on July 16, 1953.

At the end of the event, Jackie Loughery of New York crowned Myrna Hansen of Illinois as Miss USA 1953. It is the first victory of Illinois in the pageant's history.

Contestants from forty-three states and cities competed in this year's pageant. The competition was hosted by Bob Russel.

Bob Russell (television presenter)
Bob Russell (January 1, 1908 – January 24, 1998) was an American entertainer, best known for hosting the Miss America pageant during the years of 1940 to 1946, 1948 to 1950 and 1954.  He also served as emcee for the Miss Universe, Miss World, and Miss Canada pageants.
2014 Delaware House of Representatives election
An election was held on November 4, 2014, to elect all 41 members to Delaware's House of Representatives. The election coincided with the elections for other offices, including U.S. Senate, U.S. House of Representatives, and state senate. The primary election was held on September 9, 2014.
Democrats retained control of the House despite losing two seats, winning 25 seats compared to 16 seats for the Republicans.

Delaware House of Representatives
The Delaware State House of Representatives is the lower house of the Delaware General Assembly, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Delaware. It is composed of 41 Representatives from an equal number of constituencies, each of whom is elected to a two-year term. Its members are not subject to term limits, and their terms start the day after the election. The House meets at the Delaware Legislative Hall in Dover.
Christianity in the Middle Ages
Christianity in the Middle Ages covers the history of Christianity from the fall of the Western Roman Empire (c. 476). The end of the period is variously defined - depending on the context, events such as the conquest of Constantinople by the Ottoman Empire in 1453, Christopher Columbus's first voyage to the Americas in 1492, or the Protestant Reformation in 1517 are sometimes used.

In Christianity's ancient Pentarchy, five patriarchies held special eminence: the sees of Rome, Constantinople, Jerusalem, Antioch, and Alexandria. The prestige of most of these sees depended in part on their apostolic founders, or in the case of Byzantium/Constantinople, that it was the new seat of the continuing Eastern Roman, or Byzantine Empire. These bishops considered themselves the successors of those apostles.  In addition, all five cities were early centres of Christianity, losing their importance after the Levant was conquered by the Sunni Caliphate.

Cyril and Methodius
Cyril (Greek: Κύριλλος, romanized: Kýrillos; born Constantine [Greek: Κωνσταντίνος, romanized: Konstantínos]; 826–869) and Methodius (Μεθόδιος, Methódios; born Michael [Greek: Μιχαήλ, romanized: Michaíl]; 815–885) were brothers, Byzantine Christian theologians and missionaries. For their work evangelizing the Slavs, they are known as the "Apostles to the Slavs".

They are credited with devising the Glagolitic alphabet, the first alphabet used to transcribe Old Church Slavonic. After their deaths, their pupils continued their missionary work among other Slavs. Both brothers are venerated in the Eastern Orthodox Church as saints with the title of "equal-to-apostles". In 1880, Pope Leo XIII introduced their feast into the calendar of the Roman Rite of the Catholic Church. In 1980, the first Slav pope, Pope John Paul II declared them co-patron saints of Europe, together with Benedict of Nursia.