hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Oleshnya (river)
The Oleshnya (Ukrainian: and Russian: Олешня) or Alyoshnya (Russian: Алешня) is a small river that flows about 13 km from the settlement of Oleshnya to the town of Sudzha, where it joins the Sudzha, all within the Kursk oblast, Russia. Tributary of Sudzha (river).

The river is situated within the Russian border region occupied by Ukraine as part of the 2024 Kursk Oblast incursion.

Kursk Oblast
Kursk Oblast (Russian: Курская область, romanized: Kurskaya oblastʹ, IPA: [ˈkurskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Kursk. As of the 2021 census, Kursk Oblast had a population of 1,082,458.
Canadian Track and Field Championships
The Canadian Track and Field Championships is an annual outdoor track and field competition organized by Athletics Canada, which serves as the Canadian national championships for the sport. The championships serve as part of the selection process for Canadian teams at the Olympic Games, World Athletics Championships, Commonwealth Games, Pan American Games, and NACAC Championships.

The most recent edition of the competition took place in Montreal, Quebec and served as the Paralympic and Olympic trials for the 2024 Paris Games. The next edition is set to take place in Ottawa, Ontario and will serve as part of the selection process for the 2025 World Athletics Championships.

National championship
A national championship(s) is the top achievement for any sport or contest within a league of a particular nation or nation state. The title is usually awarded by contests, ranking systems, stature, ability, etc. This determines the best team, individual (or other entity) in a particular nation and in a particular field. Often, the use of the term cup or championship is just a choice of words.
Kurshaki
Kurshaki (Russian: Куршаки; Bashkir: Көршәк, Körşäk) is a rural locality (a village) in Chuvash-Kubovsky Selsoviet, Iglinsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 219 as of 2010. There are 3 streets.

Iglinsky District
Iglinsky District (Russian: Игли́нский райо́н; Bashkir: Иглин районы, İglin rayonı) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the east of the republic and borders with Nurimanovsky District in the north, Chelyabinsk Oblast in the east, Arkhangelsky District in the south, Karmaskalinsky District in the southwest, Ufimsky District in the west, and with Blagoveshchensky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 2,450 square kilometers (950 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Iglino. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 49,675, with the population of Iglino accounting for 33.8% of that number.
Alfilorios Reservoir
Alfilorios Reservoir is a reservoir in Asturias, Spain across the Barrea River. The dam is located in Ribera de Arriba, but the reservoir is between this municipality and Morcín. It has the aim of supply water to the central zone of Asturias, essentially Oviedo and also an area for fishing and canoeing.

Oviedo
Oviedo (Spanish: [oˈβjeðo] ⓘ) or Uviéu (Asturian: [uˈβjew]) is the capital city of the Principality of Asturias in northern Spain and the administrative and commercial centre of the region. With a population of 220,027, it is also the 2nd-largest city in Asturias.

Oviedo is located approximately 24 km (15 mi) southwest of Gijón and 23 km (14 mi) southeast of Avilés, both of which lie on the shoreline of the Bay of Biscay. Oviedo's proximity to the ocean of less than 30 kilometres (19 mi) in combination with its elevated position with areas of the city more than 300 metres above sea level causes the city to have a maritime climate, even though it does not sit directly on the shore.
Strontium perchlorate
Strontium perchlorate is a deliquescent white crystalline compound  with the formula Sr(ClO4)2.

It is a strong oxidizer which gives red flames. It can be used in pyrotechnics; however, usually the more common strontium nitrate is used. Strontium perchlorate has been used in gelled flame compositions where its hygroscopic nature isn't an issue, in a polymerized candle composition that excluded water, and in an experimental high-atmosphere flash powder.

It is also used in Liquid Injection Thrust Vector Control (LITVC) in solid-propellant rockets to enable steering control with a simple fixed nozzle.

Strontium perchlorate has been characterized in multiple hydrated forms;  a trihydrate (Sr(ClO4)2·3H2O), tetrahydrate (Sr(ClO4)2·4H2O) and nonahydrate (Sr(ClO4)2·9H2O).

Pyrotechnics
Pyrotechnics is the science and craft of creating fireworks, but also includes safety matches, oxygen candles, explosive bolts (and other fasteners), parts of automotive airbags, as well as gas-pressure blasting in mining, quarrying, and demolition. This trade relies upon self-contained and self-sustained exothermic chemical reactions to make heat, light, gas, smoke and/or sound. The name comes from the Greek words pyr (πυρ; 'fire') and technikós (τεχνικός; 'artistic').

Improper use of pyrotechnics could lead to pyrotechnic accidents. People responsible for the safe storage, handling, and functioning of pyrotechnic devices are known as pyrotechnicians.
Kōfuku-ji (Nagasaki)
Kōfuku-ji or Tōmeizan Kōfuku-ji (Japanese: 東明山興福寺, Tōmeizan Kōfuku-ji) is a Buddhist temple of the Ōbaku school of Zen established in 1624 in Nagasaki, Japan. It is an important cultural asset designated by the government.

Its Mazu Hall (Masu-do) or Bodhisattva Hall (Bosa-do) is one of the few temples located in Japan of the Chinese sea goddess known as Mazu, the deified form of the medieval Fujianese shamaness Lin Moniang (Chinese: 林默孃).

Buddhist temple
A Buddhist temple or Buddhist monastery is the place of worship for adherents of Buddhism. They include the structures called vihara, chaitya, stupa, wat, khurul and pagoda in different regions and languages. Temples in Buddhism represent the pure land or pure environment of a Buddha. Traditional Buddhist temples are designed to inspire both inner and outer peace.

Buddhist temples follow a set of architectural guides adhering to Buddhist architecture principal, with stylistic derivatives seen throughout South Asia, Southeast Asia, and East Asia.
World Orders Old and New
World Orders Old and New is a book by Noam Chomsky, first published in 1994 and updated in 1996 by Columbia University Press. In the book, Chomsky writes about the international scene since 1945, devoting particular attention to events following the collapse of the Soviet Union. He  critiques  Western government, from imperialist foreign policies to the Clinton administration's promises to the poor. His judgment of the "new world order" foresees a growing abyss between the rich and poor, in the United States and internationally.

Imperialism
Imperialism is the maintaining and extending of power over foreign nations, particularly through expansionism, employing both hard power (military and economic power) and soft power (diplomatic power and cultural imperialism). Imperialism focuses on establishing or maintaining hegemony and a more formal empire.

While related to the concept of colonialism, imperialism is a distinct concept that can apply to other forms of expansion and many forms of government.
E'
E' (E + apostrophe) may represent:

E′ (E + prime)

É (E + acute accent)

It is not to be confused with:

È (E + grave accent)

Ė (E + overdot)

Eʻ (E + ʻokina)

Eꞌ  (E + saltillo)

Ẻ (E + hook above)

Eʾ (E + right half ring)

Eʿ (E + left half ring)

ʻOkina
The ʻokina (Hawaiian pronunciation: [ʔoˈkinɐ]) is the letter that transcribes the glottal stop consonant in Hawaiian. It does not have distinct uppercase and lowercase forms, and is represented electronically by the modifier letter turned comma: ʻ.

A phonemic glottal stop exists in many other Polynesian languages as well; these are usually written by a similar apostrophe-like letter.
Haydar Hatemi
Haydar Hatemi (Persian: حیدر حاتمی, born March 3, 1945, in Hadishahr) is an Iranian artist whose work is based on blends of classical oriental styles such as miniature and tazhib, with some modern elements. His early studies in art started at Tabriz's Art Academy after finishing high school in Tabriz, Iran.

Hatemi is a graduate of the prestigious Fine Arts Academy of Tehran University. He moved to Turkey in 1983. He is one of the most significant artists of the Iranian diaspora. Furthermore, he has been working under the commission of the Qatari Royal family for the last decade.

House of Thani
The House of Thani (Arabic: آل ثاني, romanised: Āl Thānī) is the ruling family of Qatar, with origins tracing back to the Adnanite Banu Tamim tribe. Currently, Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani leads the house.

Officially, the House of Thani rules Qatar as a constitutional monarchy, but the wide powers retained by the emir and his family have it bordering an absolute monarchy and autocracy.
Viktor Dmitrenko
Viktor Nikolayevich Dmitrenko (Russian: Виктор Николаевич Дмитренко; born 4 April 1991) is a professional footballer who plays as a defender for Caspiy. Although primarily playing as a centre-back, he plays occasionally as a right-back or left-back. Born in Russia, he plays for the Kazakhstan national team.

Kazakhstan national football team
The Kazakhstan national football team (Kazakh: Қазақстан Ұлттық футбол құрамасы, Qazaqstan Ūlttyq Futbol qūramasy, [qɑzɑqˈstɑn ʊɫt̚ˈtɤq fʊdˈboɫ qʊrɑmɑˈsə]) represents Kazakhstan in men's international football and it is governed by the Kazakhstan Football Federation. They split from the Soviet Union national team after independence in 1991 and joined the Asian Football Confederation's Central Asian Football Federation. After failing to qualify for the 1998 and 2002 FIFA World Cups, they joined UEFA, but are yet to qualify for a FIFA World Cup or a UEFA European Championship.
Hellespontine Sibyl
The Hellespontine Sibyl was the priestess presiding over the Apollonian oracle at Dardania.  The Sibyl is sometimes referred to as the Trojan Sibyl. The word Sibyl comes (via Latin) from the Ancient Greek word sibylla, meaning prophetess or oracle. The Hellespontine Sibyl was known, particularly in the late Roman Imperial period and the early Middle Ages, for a claim that she predicted the crucifixion of Jesus Christ. This claim comes from the Sibylline Oracles, which are not to be confused with the Sibylline Books.

The Hellespontian Sibyl was born in the village of Marpessos near the small town of Gergis, during the lifetimes of Solon and Cyrus the Great.  According to Heraclides of Pontus, Marpessus was formerly within the boundaries of the Troad.

The sibylline collection at Gergis was attributed to the Hellespontine Sibyl and preserved in the temple of Apollo at Gergis. Later, it was passed on to Erythrae, where it then became famous.

Erythrae
Erythrae or Erythrai (Greek: Ἐρυθραί) later Lythri (Λυθρί, Turkish: Ildırı) was one of the twelve Ionian cities of Asia Minor, situated 22 km north-east of the port of Cyssus (modern name: Çeşme), on a small peninsula stretching into the Bay of Erythrae, at an equal distance from the mountains Mimas and Corycus, and directly opposite the island of Chios. It is recorded that excellent wine was produced in the peninsula. Erythrae was notable for being the seat of the Erythraean Sibyl. The ruins of the city are found north of the town Ildırı in the Çeşme district of İzmir Province, Turkey.
Mole Gap to Reigate Escarpment
Mole Gap to Reigate Escarpment  is a 1,016.4-hectare (2,512-acre) biological and geological Site of Special Scientific Interest west of Reigate in Surrey. It is a Geological Conservation Review site and a Special Area of Conservation. Part of it is a Nature Conservation Review site, Grade I. Two small private nature reserves in the site are managed by the Surrey Wildlife Trust, Dawcombe and Fraser Down.

This eight mile long site on the North Downs contains an outstanding range of wildlife habitats, including large areas of woodland and chalk grassland. Mole Gap has a variety of Quaternary landforms and there are well developed river cliffs where alluvial fans have diverted the River Mole against the valley sides. Some of the chalk grassland is CG2 sheep's fescue - meadow oatgrass community, which is one of the most species-rich types of grazing pasture found in Britain, but the SAC is also designated for CG3, CG4, CG5 and CG6 grassland types.

North Downs
The North Downs are a ridge of chalk hills and an area of downland in south-east England, that stretch from Farnham in Surrey to the White Cliffs of Dover in Kent. Much of the North Downs comprises two Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONBs): the Surrey Hills and the Kent Downs. The North Downs Way National Trail runs along the North Downs from Farnham to Dover. They form the northern boundary of the Weald, which is correspondingly bounded to the south by the South Downs.

The highest point in the North Downs is Botley Hill, Surrey (270 metres (890 ft) above sea level). The County Top of Kent is  Betsom's Hill (251 m (823 ft) above sea level), which is less than 1 km from Westerham Heights, Bromley, the highest point in Greater London at an elevation of 245 m (804 ft).
The Horrors of Oakendale Abbey
The Horrors of Oakendale Abbey is a gothic novel first published in 1797 in one octavo volume by the sensationalist Minerva Press of London. It proved particularly popular with the new circulating libraries of the day. A gothic tale of horror, rather than suspense, it centres on the physical and grotesque, rather than on metaphysical terror.

Minerva Press
Minerva Press was a publishing house, notable for creating a lucrative market in sentimental and Gothic fiction, active in the late 18th and early 19th centuries (1790–1820). It was established by William Lane (c. 1745–1814) at No 33 Leadenhall Street, London, when he moved his circulating library there in about 1790.
Johnston Birchall
Johnston Birchall (1951–2021) was a leading British academic in the field of co-operative studies and at the time of his death Professor Emeritus at the Social Science Faculty of the University of Stirling.

UK Society for Co-operative Studies
The UK Society for Co-operative Studies is a learned society and registered charity in the United Kingdom for the research of co-operatives and the co-operative movement. The society hosts conferences, lectures, and publishes the Journal of Co-operative Studies.

The society was founded in April 1967 at Stanford Hall in Nottinghamshire, England, then home to the Co-operative College. In 1995 the society became a registered charity, and in 2017 incorporated as a charitable incorporated organisation.
Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Nidaros
The Archdiocese of Nidaros (or Niðaróss) was the metropolitan see covering Norway in the later Middle Ages. The see was the Nidaros Cathedral, in the city of Nidaros (now Trondheim). The archdiocese existed from the middle of the twelfth century until the Protestant Reformation.

Metropolis (religious jurisdiction)
A metropolis, metropolitanate or metropolitan diocese is an episcopal see whose bishop is the metropolitan bishop or archbishop of an ecclesiastical province. Metropolises, historically, have been important cities in their provinces.
Asiliyah
Asiliyah (Arabic: عسيلة, also known as Usaylah or Asila) is a village in northern Syria, administratively part of the Rastan District, located north of Homs on the southern banks of the Orontes River. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Asiliyah had a population of 360 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Circassians from the Bzhedug and Shapsugh tribes.

Al-Rastan District
Ar-Rastan District (Arabic: منطقة الرستن, romanized: manṭiqat ar-Rastan) is a district of the Homs Governorate in central Syria. The administrative centre is the city of al-Rastan. At the 2004 census, the district had a population of 127,806.
Dorothy Kitson
Dorothy Kitson (c. 1531 – 1576/1577), later Dorothy, Lady Pakington, was the daughter of Sir Thomas Kitson, a wealthy London merchant and the builder of Hengrave Hall in Suffolk. Her first husband was Sir Thomas Pakington, by whom she was the mother of Queen Elizabeth I's favourite, Sir John "Lusty" Pakington. After Sir Thomas Pakington's death, she married Thomas Tasburgh. She was one of the few women in Tudor England to nominate burgesses to Parliament and to make her last will while her husband, Thomas Tasburgh, was still living. Her three nieces are referred to in the poems of Edmund Spenser.

Hampton Lovett
Hampton Lovett is a village and civil parish in the Wychavon district of the county of Worcestershire, England. It is just north of Droitwich.

The church of St. Mary and All Saints is noted for its Norman features. English Heritage lists the church as a Grade I listed building.

The name Hampton derives from the Old English hāmtūn meaning 'home farm'. The affix Lovett derives from the Lovet family who held land in the village in the 13th century.
Barbara Haas
Barbara Haas (German pronunciation: [ˈbaʁbaʁa ˈhaːs]; born 19 March 1996) is an inactive Austrian tennis player.
She has won 16 singles titles and three doubles titles on the ITF Circuit. On 24 February 2020, she reached her best singles ranking by the WTA of 133. On 27 September 2021, she peaked at No. 164 in the doubles rankings.

Playing for the Austria Fed Cup team, Haas has a win–loss record of 16–8.

Austria Billie Jean King Cup team
The Austria Billie Jean King Cup team represents Austria in the Billie Jean King Cup tennis competition and is governed by the Austrian Tennis Federation, known in German as Österreichischer Tennisverband . They currently compete in the Europe/Africa Group I.
Murlyn Music Group
Murlyn Music Group AB or just Murlyn Music (MMG) is Stockholm-based international music production company founded in 1997 by Anders Bagge. The company includes a great number of successful songwriters, producers and musicians and has produced and written material for tens of international artists.

The company has many studios in various locations (known as Murlyn Studios), a publishing division Murlyn Songs (initially headed by Pelle Lidell).

Bloodshy & Avant
Bloodshy & Avant are a Swedish songwriting and production duo consisting of Christian "Bloodshy" Karlsson and Pontus "Avant" Winnberg. They have worked with many prominent artists, including Britney Spears, Kylie Minogue, Ms. Dynamite, Madonna, Jennifer Lopez, Katy Perry, Kelis, Girls' Generation, Christina Milian, Sky Ferreira, Hikaru Utada and BoA. In addition to their production work, Karlsson and Winnberg are also members of the synth-pop group Miike Snow, alongside lead vocalist Andrew Wyatt.
Dwyfor Meirionnydd (Senedd constituency)
Dwyfor Meirionnydd is a constituency of the Senedd, first created for the former Assembly's 2007 election. It elects one Member of the Senedd by the first past the post method of election. Also, however, it is one of eight constituencies in the Mid and West Wales electoral region, which elects four additional members, in addition to nine constituency members, to produce a degree of proportional representation for the region as a whole.

Mid and West Wales (Senedd electoral region)
Mid and West Wales (Welsh: Canolbarth a Gorllewin Cymru) is an electoral region of the Senedd, consisting of eight constituencies. The region elects twelve members, eight directly elected constituency members and four additional members.  The electoral region was first used in the 1999 Welsh Assembly election, when the National Assembly for Wales was created.

Each constituency elects one Member of the Senedd by the first past the post electoral system, and the region as a whole elects four additional or top-up Members of the Senedd, to create a degree of proportional representation. The additional member seats are allocated from closed lists by the D'Hondt method, with constituency results being taken into account in the allocation.
Coalville, Iowa
Coalville is a census-designated place (CDP) in Webster County, Iowa, United States. The population was 651 at the 2020 census. The community is located on U.S. Route 20 near Fort Dodge's gypsum mines.

Fort Dodge, Iowa
Fort Dodge is a city in and the county seat of Webster County, Iowa, United States, along the Des Moines River. The population was 24,871 in the 2020 census, a decrease from 25,136 in 2000. Fort Dodge is a major commercial center for North Central and Northwest Iowa. It is located on U.S. Routes 20 and 169.
Lew Shaver
Lew Shaver is an American former football and basketball coach. He served as the head football coach at Southwest State University—now known as Southwest Minnesota State University—from 1977 to 1978, compiling a record of 3–16.

Southwest Minnesota State University
Southwest Minnesota State University (SMSU) is a public university in Marshall, Minnesota, United States. It is part of the Minnesota State Colleges and Universities system. The university has an enrollment of approximately 8,700 students and employs 148 faculty members. It is divided into two major colleges, the College of Arts, Letters, and Sciences and the College of Business, Education, and Professional Studies.
Marek Jiras
Marek Jiras (Czech pronunciation: [ˈmarɛk ˈjɪras], born 18 August 1976 in Prague) is a Czech slalom canoeist who competed at the international level from 1992 to 2009.

He won a bronze medal in the C2 event at the 2000 Summer Olympics together with Tomáš Máder. They then competed in the same event at the 2004 Summer Olympics, where they finished seventh.

Jiras and Máder also won eight medals at the ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships with six golds (C2: 1999, C2 team: 1993, 1999, 2003, 2006, 2007), a silver (C2 team: 1997) and a bronze (C2: 2002). They won five more medals at the European Championships (1 gold, 3 silvers and 1 bronze).

1999 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships
The 1999 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships were held in La Seu d'Urgell, Catalonia, Spain under the auspices of International Canoe Federation at the Segre Olympic Park. It was the 26th edition. A record eleven nations won medals at these championships.
Starowice, West Pomeranian Voivodeship
Starowice [starɔˈvit͡sɛ] (German: Groß Zacharin) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Borne Sulinowo, within Szczecinek County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland.

Before 1772, the area was part of Kingdom of Poland, 1772-1945 Prussia and Germany. For more on its history, see Drahim County and History of Pomerania.

First Partition of Poland
The First Partition of Poland took place in 1772 as the first of three partitions that eventually ended the existence of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth by 1795. The growth of power in the Russian Empire threatened the Kingdom of Prussia and the Habsburg monarchy and was the primary motive behind the First Partition.

Frederick the Great, King in Prussia, engineered the partition to prevent Austria, which was envious of Russian successes against the Ottoman Empire, from going to war. Territories in Poland–Lithuania were divided by its more powerful neighbours (Austria, Russia and Prussia) to restore the regional balance of power in Central Europe among those three countries.

With Poland unable to defend itself effectively and foreign troops already inside the country, the Polish Sejm ratified the partition in 1773 during the Partition Sejm, which was convened by the three powers.