hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Izaak Kolthoff
Izaak Maurits (Piet) Kolthoff (February 11, 1894 – March 4, 1993) was an analytical chemist and chemistry educator. He is widely considered the father of analytical chemistry for his large volume of published research in diverse fields of analysis, his work to modernize and promote the field, and for advising a large number of students who went on to influential careers of their own.

Kolthoff's best-known research contribution was the development of the "cold process" for producing synthetic rubber, which he undertook under the U.S. synthetic rubber program during World War II. He was also active in social causes, including promoting world peace and opposing nuclear weapons testing.

Kolthoff received a PhD in chemistry from the University of Utrecht in his native Netherlands. In 1927, he immigrated to the United States, joining the faculty at the University of Minnesota, where he worked for more than 60 years.

Chemistry education
Chemistry education (or chemical education) is the study of teaching and learning chemistry. It is one subset of STEM education or discipline-based education research (DBER). Topics in chemistry education include understanding how students learn chemistry and determining the most efficient methods to teach chemistry. There is a constant need to improve chemistry curricula and learning outcomes based on findings of chemistry education research (CER). Chemistry education can be improved by changing teaching methods and providing appropriate training to chemistry instructors, within many modes, including classroom lectures, demonstrations, and laboratory activities.
The Gulf (TV series)
The Gulf is a New Zealand-based crime drama television series, first broadcast on the Three network on 26 August 2019. The series, described as New Zealand's answer to "scandi-noir", follows troubled investigator DSS Jess Savage, played by Kate Elliott, who solves cases on her home of Waiheke Island, all whilst trying to piece together the events surrounding the death of her husband in a seemingly routine car crash. The title refers to the Hauraki Gulf which separates the island from the mainland.

Following a successful debut run in 2019, the series was commissioned for a second run in early 2020, premiering on March 1, 2021. Outside of New Zealand, the series has been sold to Netflix, Amazon Prime Video in the United States and Sundance Now. The series also broadcast on Alibi in the UK, with the first series airing from February 26, 2020, with each two-part story combined into one single broadcast. The second and final series premiered on December 15, 2021.

Three (TV channel)
Three (stylised as +HR=E) is a New Zealand nationwide television channel. Launched on 26 November 1989 as TV3, it was New Zealand's first privately owned television channel. The channel currently broadcasts nationally (with regional advertising targeting four markets) in digital free-to-air form via the state-owned Kordia on terrestrial and satellite. It previously broadcast nationally on analogue television until that was switched off on 1 December 2013.

Three is a general entertainment channel formerly owned by Warner Bros. Discovery New Zealand, with a news element under the banner of ThreeNews. Three carries a significant amount of local content, most of which airs at prime-time. The channel has been owned by Sky Network Television from 1 August 2025.
Martin Howy Irving
Martin Howy Irving (21 February 1831 – 23 January 1912) was an English rower and educationist who spent nearly all his career in Australia.

Irving was born in St Pancras, London to Edward Irving and his wife Isabella Martin. At Oxford he was an active rower and won the college and university sculls in 1852. In the same year, he was runner up in the Silver Goblets paired with Walter Francis Short and losing to Philip Nind and Henry Raine Barker in the final. He was also runner-up in the Diamond Challenge Sculls to Stephen Rippingall in 1853.

Irving was twice married. His first marriage in 1855 was to Caroline Mary Bruyeres, daughter of Captain Bruyeres and they had four sons and two daughters. His second wife was Mary Mowat, daughter of John Mowat of Dublin, and they had one son and seven daughters. Two of his daughters, Margaret and Lilian,

Irving died at Albury near Guildford in 1912, at the age of 80.

Silver Goblets & Nickalls' Challenge Cup
The Silver Goblets & Nickalls' Challenge Cup is a rowing event for men's coxless pairs at the annual Henley Royal Regatta on the River Thames at Henley-on-Thames in England. It is open to male crews from all eligible rowing clubs. Two clubs may combine to make an entry.
Maurice Larrouy (sport shooter)
Maurice Larrouy (born 3. December 1872 in Toulouse, date and place of death unknown) was a French sport shooter who competed in the late 19th century and early 20th century in pistol shooting. He participated in Shooting at the 1900 Summer Olympics in Paris and won the gold medal in the 20 metre rapid fire pistol.

Shooting at the 1900 Summer Olympics
At the 1900 Summer Olympics in Paris, many shooting events were featured within the concurrent 1900 Exposition Universelle, but only eight events currently are considered as "Olympic" by IOC. Before July 2021 the International Olympic Committee has never decided which events were "Olympic" and which were not. The competitions were held from 3 August to 5 August and took place at the military sporting complex in Satory and at Boulogne-Billancourt.  According to Olympic historian Bill Mallon, one of these nine shooting events (20 metre military pistol) was an event for professionals with prize money and therefore does not meet inclusion criteria for 1900 Olympic Games events.
Michael Knight (rugby union)
Michael Orton Knight (born 20 May 1945) is a New Zealand former rugby union international.

Knight, born in Auckland, is related to All Blacks Arthur and Laurie Knight, who were cousins of his father Wally. He was educated at Hawera Technical College and was a national junior 100 yards sprint champion.

A speedy winger, Knight played his representative rugby for Counties and Wellington. He was a member of the All Blacks on their 1968 tour of Australia and Fiji, scoring six tries in eight uncapped tour matches.

1968 New Zealand rugby union tour of Australia and Fiji
The 1968 New Zealand tour rugby to Australia and Fiji was the 21st tour by the New Zealand national rugby union team to Australia, concluding with a match against Fiji in Suva, Fiji.

The previous tour by the All Blacks to Australia was the 1962 tour. The Wallabies had  visited New Zealand in 1964.

The All Backs won all both Test matches and the Bledisloe Cup.

Before the first Test Australian coach (and former Wallaby and All Black) Des Connor had studied the rulebook and after consulting with referees, he introduced tactically the first short lineout ever used in a match in the southern hemisphere. This tactic is now a common part of rugby at all levels.
Hi-Red Center
Hi-Red Center (ハイレッド・センター, Haireddo Sentā) was a Japanese artistic collective, founded in May 1963 and consisting of artists Genpei Akasegawa, Natsuyuki Nakanishi, and Jirō Takamatsu, that organized and performed anti-establishment happenings. Taking the urban environment of Tokyo as their canvas, the group sought to create interventions that blurred the lines between art and everyday life and raised questions about centralized authority and the role of the individual in society.

Later considered to have been one of the most prominent and influential Japanese art groups of the 1960s, Hi-Red Center never officially disbanded, but their happening Cleaning Event in October 1964 proved to be their final artistic action.

Shinjuku
Shinjuku (Japanese: 新宿区, Hepburn: Shinjuku-ku; IPA: [ɕiɲdʑɯkɯ] ⓘ), officially called Shinjuku City, is one of the 23 special wards of Tokyo.

Since the end of World War II, Shinjuku has become a major secondary center of Tokyo (fukutoshin), rivaling the original city center in Marunouchi. Today, it is a major commercial and administrative center, housing the busiest railway station in the world (Shinjuku Station) as well as the Tokyo Metropolitan Government Building, the administrative center of the Tokyo Metropolitan Government.

As of 2025, the ward has an estimated population of 355,981, living in a total area of 18.23 km2.
Anuj Rawat
Anuj Rawat (born 17 October 1999) is an Indian cricketer who represents Delhi in domestic cricket and Gujarat Titans  in Indian Premier League. He is a left-handed top order batsman and wicket-keeper.

He made his first-class debut for Delhi in the 2017–18 Ranji Trophy on 6 October 2017. He made his Twenty20 debut for Delhi in the 2018–19 Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy on 21 February 2019. He made his List A debut on 4 October 2019, for Delhi in the 2019–20 Vijay Hazare Trophy.

In the 2020 IPL auction, he was bought by the Rajasthan Royals ahead of the 2020 Indian Premier League. In February 2022, he was bought by the Royal Challengers Bangalore in the 2022 Indian Premier League.

Royal Challengers Bengaluru
Royal Challengers Bengaluru, formerly Royal Challengers Bangalore, also known as RCB, are a professional Twenty20 cricket team based in Bengaluru, Karnataka, that competes in the Indian Premier League (IPL). Founded in 2008 by United Spirits, the team's home ground is M. Chinnaswamy Stadium. They won their first title in 2025. The team finished as the runners-up on three occasions: in 2009, 2011, and 2016. They have also qualified for the playoffs in ten of the eighteen seasons.

As of 2025, the team is captained by Rajat Patidar and coached by Andy Flower. The franchise has competed in the Champions League, finishing as runners-up in the 2011 season. As of 2024, RCB was valued at $117 million, making it one of the most valuable franchises.
Grade I listed buildings in Devon
The county of Devon is divided into ten districts. The districts of Devon are Exeter, East Devon, Mid Devon, North Devon, Torridge, West Devon, South Hams, Teignbridge and the unitary authorities Plymouth and Torbay.

As there are 427 Grade I listed buildings in the county they have been split into separate lists for each district.

Grade I listed buildings in East Devon

Grade I listed buildings in Exeter

Grade I listed buildings in Mid Devon

Grade I listed buildings in North Devon

Grade I listed buildings in Plymouth

Grade I listed buildings in South Hams

Grade I listed buildings in Teignbridge

Grade I listed buildings in Torbay

Grade I listed buildings in Torridge

Grade I listed buildings in West Devon

Torbay
Torbay /tɔːrˈbeɪ/ is a unitary authority with a borough status in the ceremonial county of Devon, England. It is governed by Torbay Council, based in the town of Torquay, and also includes the towns of Paignton and Brixham. In 2021 it had a population of 139,324. The borough consists of 24.27 sq mi (62.9 km2) of land around the east-facing Tor Bay, part of Lyme Bay on the English Channel.  A popular tourist destination, Torbay's sandy beaches, mild climate and recreational and leisure attractions have given rise to its nickname of the English Riviera. The neighbouring districts are South Hams and Teignbridge.
Yuri Gagarin Street, Belgrade
Yuri Gagarin Street (Serbian: Улица Јурија Гагарина / Ulica Jurija Gagarina) is a major street in New Belgrade, named after Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin, the first man in space.

The Jurija Gagarina serves as an informal boundary of the north and south Blokovi neighbourhoods of New Belgrade.

Aleksandar Šapić
Aleksandar Šapić (Serbian Cyrillic: Александар Шапић; born 1 June 1978) is a Serbian politician and former professional water polo player who has been the mayor of Belgrade since 2024, previously serving that role from 2022 to 2023. A member and current vice-president of the Serbian Progressive Party (SNS), Šapić had previously served as president of the New Belgrade municipality from 2012 to 2022.

Šapić was previously a member of the Democratic Party (DS) until 2014, and he later led the Serbian Patriotic Alliance until the merger into SNS which occurred in May 2021. During his professional water polo career, he played for two Olympic bronze medal squads, one for FR Yugoslavia at the 2000 Olympics in Sydney, the other for Serbia at the 2008 Olympics in Beijing, and one Olympic silver medal squad for Serbia and Montenegro at the 2004 Olympics in Athens.
Nova revija (publishing company)
Nova revija (Slovene for New Review or New Journal) is a Slovenian publishing house and cultural institute that developed from the literary journal with the same name.

The publishing house Nova revija was founded in 1990. In the 1990s and 2000s, several other magazines were launched within the Nova revija consortium, including a magazine for current political analysis Ampak (since 1999), the journal for legal theory Dignitas, the philosophical journal Phainomena (since 1992), and the journal for religious studies Poligrafi.

Since the early 1980s, Nova revija has edited and published works of those modern Slovene authors who were prevented from publishing their complete oeuvre during the Communist period. Those include Edvard Kocbek, Vitomil Zupan, Dušan Pirjevec, and Gregor Strniša.

Gregor Strniša
Gregor Strniša (18 November 1930 – 23 January 1987) was a Slovenian poet, playwright, and songwriter. He is considered one of the most important Slovene-language poet of the second half of the 20th century. He spent most of his life away from public light, and has gained widespread recognition only after his death.
2024 Atlantic Championship
The 2024 Atlantic Championship Series season was the eleventh season of the revived Atlantic Championship. The series was organized by Formula Race Promotions and sanctioned by SCCA Pro Racing.

The season was held over six weekends from March to August 2024. K-Hill Motorsports driver Matthew Butson won the 016 Class Championship during the penultimate weekend of the season, while Arrive Drive Motorsport's Nathan Byrd won the Open Class Championship after going unbeaten throughout the first eight races of the season.

New Jersey Motorsports Park
New Jersey Motorsports Park is a road course "Motorsports Entertainment Complex" located in Millville, Cumberland County, New Jersey, United States. It has hosted races since opening in 2008 and currently hosts a schedule including MotoAmerica Pro Road Racing, 24 Hours of LeMons, American Historic Racing Motorcycle Association, SCCA events, SCCA Pro Racing's F2000 Championship Series.
Ramleje
Ramleje [ramˈlɛjɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Somonino, within Kartuzy County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.

For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Kartuzy County
Kartuzy County (Polish: powiat kartuski; Kashubian: kartësczi pòwiat) is a county in the Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland, with administrative seat and largest town being Kartuzy.

It came into being on 1 January 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. The only other town in the county is Żukowo. The county covers an area of 1,120.04 square kilometres (432.4 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 137,942, out of which the population of Kartuzy is 14,536, that of Żukowo is 6,691, and the rural population is 116,715.

Kartuzy County on a map of the counties of Pomeranian Voivodeship

Kartuzy County is bordered by Wejherowo County to the north, the city of Gdynia to the north-east, the city of Gdańsk and Gdańsk County to the east, Kościerzyna County to the south, Bytów County to the west, and Lębork County to the north-west.
Kühnen
Kühnen is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Dirk Kuhnen

Michael Kühnen (1955–1991), German neo-Nazi activist

Patrik Kühnen (born 1966), German tennis player

Peter Ludwig Kühnen

Uta Kühnen (born 1975), German judoka

Koehne
Koehne is a surname. Koehne, or Köhne, is the North German variant of the name Kuehne, or Kühne.

People with the surname include:

Bernhard Karl von Koehne (1817–1887), Russian heraldist and numismatist

Bernhard Adalbert Emil Koehne (1848–1918), German botanist

Graeme Koehne (born 1956), Australian composer

Jessica Koehne, American nanoscientist
Mascaromyia
Mascaromyia is a genus of flies in the family Dolichopodidae, endemic to the western Indian Ocean islands. It is named after the main distribution of the genus, the islands of the submarine Mascarene Plateau, combining it with "myia" (the Greek word for fly).

Dolichopodidae
Dolichopodidae, the long-legged flies, are a large, cosmopolitan family of true flies with more than 8,000 described species in about 250 genera. The genus Dolichopus is the most speciose, with some 600 species.

Dolichopodidae generally are small flies with large, prominent eyes and a metallic cast to their appearance, though there is considerable variation among the species.  Most have long legs, though some do not. In many species, the males have unusually large genitalia which are taxonomically useful in identifying species. Most adults are predatory on other small animals, though some may scavenge or act as kleptoparasites of spiders or other predators.
Jay Turser
Jay Turser Guitars is an American musical instruments manufacturer, currently a brand of Davitt & Hanser, a division of JAM Industries. Since its inception, Jay Turser has been producing electric and acoustic guitars.

In 2008, Jay Turser signed a deal with Graph Tech Guitar Labs (the world's leading guitar nut and saddle maker by then) to incorporate its technology to instruments manufactured. Graph Tech was also supplier for several guitar companies such as Taylor, Martin, Larrivée, Ovation, Carvin, Fender, Fernandes, Godin, Ibanez, Samick, Schecter, Gibson, Tacoma and Yamaha.

Jay Turser was a subsidiary of the U.S. Music Corporation (located in Buffalo Grove, Illinois) until it was acquired by Canadian corporate group Jam Industries in 2009.

Godin (guitar manufacturer)
Godin Guitars is a Canadian manufacturing company headquartered in Montreal that specializes in string instruments. The company was founded by Robert Godin CM, and is currently led by Simon Godin.

Range of products currently manufactured by Godin includes electric and acoustic guitars and basses. The company also produced ukuleles, mandolins, and ouds (named "multi oud") in the past.
Hathliodes
Hathliodes is a genus of longhorn beetles of the subfamily Lamiinae, containing the following species:

subgenus Hathliodes

Hathliodes costulatus Pascoe, 1867

Hathliodes fuscovittatus Breuning, 1940

Hathliodes grammicus (Pascoe, 1859)

Hathliodes moratus Pascoe, 1866

Hathliodes persimilis Breuning, 1938

Hathliodes virgatus Breuning, 1938

subgenus Trichohathlia

Hathliodes pseudomurinus Breuning, 1938

Lamiinae
Lamiinae, commonly called flat-faced longhorns, are a subfamily of the longhorn beetle family (Cerambycidae). The subfamily includes over 750 genera, rivaled in diversity within the family only by the subfamily Cerambycinae.
Mike McGurk
Christianity portal

Michael Joseph Patrick McGurk (born 18 September 1968) is a British Anglican priest who served as Archdeacon of Liverpool, 10 September 2017 until January 2023.

McGurk trained for the ministry at  St John's College, Nottingham; and was ordained deacon in 2007, and priest in 2008. After a curacy at Haughton he was Rector of Harpurhey from 2010 until his appointment as Archdeacon.

Harpurhey
Harpurhey (/ˈhɑːrpərˌheɪ/ HAR-pər-HAY) is an inner-city suburb of Manchester, England, 2.3 miles (3.7 km) northeast of the city centre. Historically in Lancashire, the population at the 2011 census was 17,652.

Areas of Harpurhey include Kingsbridge Estate, Barnes Green, Shiredale Estate and Baywood Estate.
Ali Husni
Ali Husni Faisal (Arabic: عَلِيّ حُصْنِيّ فَيْصَل; born 23 May 1994), is an Iraqi footballer and Olympian who plays as a winger for Iraq Stars League club Al-Karma and the Iraqi national team.

He played at the 2016 Rio Olympics for Iraq. In 2016 he signed for Turkish club Caykur Rizespor before personal issues caused the contract to be terminated and he returned to his boyhood club Al-Minaa.

Arabian Gulf Cup
The Arabian Gulf Cup (Arabic: كأس الخليج العربي, Kaʾs al-Khalīj al-ʿArabī), also referred to simply as the Gulf Cup, is a biennial association football competition governed by the Arab Gulf Cup Football Federation for its eight member nations. The history of the competition has also seen it held every three to four years due to political or organisational problems. The reigning champions are Bahrain, who won their second title at the 26th edition.
Pigeon Spire
Pigeon Spire is a peak in the Purcell Mountains of the Columbia Mountains in southeastern British Columbia, Canada. It may be one of the most climbed of the spires in The Bugaboos owing to its relatively low prominence from the Vowell Glacier and the existence of an easy route (the West Ridge; II, 5.4). It is not uncommon to have a couple dozen people on this route on a busy weekend. There are longer, harder routes on the spire's North and East faces.

Spire
A spire is a tall, slender, pointed structure on top of a roof of a building or tower, especially at the summit of church steeples. A spire may have a square, circular, or polygonal plan, with a roughly conical or pyramidal shape. Spires are typically made of stonework or brickwork, or else of timber structures with metal cladding, ceramic tiling, roof shingles, or slates on the exterior.

Since towers supporting spires are usually square, square-plan spires emerge directly from the tower's walls, but octagonal spires are either built above a pyramidal transition section called a broach at the spire's base, or else free spaces around the tower's summit for decorative elements like pinnacles. The former solution is known as a broach spire. Small or short spires are known as spikes, spirelets, or flèches.
Wolfson baronets
The Wolfson Baronetcy, of St. Marylebone in the City of Westminster, was one of the last baronetcies created in the Baronetcy of the United Kingdom. It was created on 19 February 1962 for Isaac Wolfson, the businessman and philanthropist who established the Wolfson Foundation. In 1985, the 2nd Baronet, Leonard Wolfson, became a life peer as Baron Wolfson, of Marylebone in the City of Westminster.

Marylebone
Marylebone (usually /ˈmɑːrlɪbən/ MAR-lib-ən, also /ˈmærɪ(lə)bən/ MARR-il-ə-bən, MARR-ib-ən) is an area in London, England, and is located in the City of Westminster. It is in Central London and part of the West End. Oxford Street forms its southern boundary.

An ancient parish and latterly a metropolitan borough, it merged with the boroughs of Westminster and Paddington to form the new City of Westminster in 1965.

Marylebone station lies two miles north-west of Charing Cross.

The area is also served by numerous tube stations: Baker Street, Bond Street, Edgware Road (Bakerloo line), Edgware Road (Circle, District and Hammersmith & City lines), Great Portland Street, Marble Arch, Marylebone, Oxford Circus, and Regent's Park.
Middle Vaal Water Management Area
Middle Vaal WMA. or Middle Vaal Water Management Area (coded: 9), Includes the following major rivers: the Vet River, Vals River and Vaal River, and covers the following Dams:

Allemanskraal Dam - Sand River

Bloemhof Dam - Vaal River

Elandskuil Dam - Swartleegte River

Erfenis Dam - Vet River

Koppies Dam - Renoster River

Rietspruit Dam - Rietspruit

Koppies Dam
Koppies Dam is a combined gravity and arch type dam located on the Renoster River, near Koppies, Free State, South Africa. The Koppies Dam Nature Reserve contains the dam. It was established in 1911 and its primary purpose is to serve for irrigation and domestic use. The hazard potential of the dam has been ranked high (3).