hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Grierson (film)
Grierson is a 1973 documentary directed by Roger Blais for the National Film Board of Canada (NFB). It won, among other awards, the 1974 BAFTA Award for Best Documentary.

John Grierson, who is known as the father of documentary film and coined the term 'documentary', became the first Canadian Government Film Commissioner, and founded the NFB, in 1939. He believed that filmmakers have a social responsibility, and that film should help society realize democratic ideals. His faith in the value of capturing everyday life influenced generations of filmmakers all over the world.

Grierson, which cost $242,725 (equivalent to $1,615,767 in 2023) to make, includes archival footage and interviews with Grierson and people who knew him. It was released in English and French, with commentary by Donald Brittain; the English version was narrated by Michael Kane, the French version by Monique Miller.

Monique Miller (actress)
Monique Miller, OC GOQ (born 9 December 1933) is a French Canadian actress. She is known for her live theatre performances, and also performs in films and on television.

She is the sister of actress Louise Remy.
The Wipers Times
The Wipers Times was a trench magazine that was published by British soldiers fighting in the Ypres Salient during the First World War.

In early 1916, the 12th Battalion, Sherwood Foresters stationed in the front line at Ypres, Belgium, came across an abandoned printing press. A sergeant who had been a printer in peacetime salvaged it and printed a sample page. The paper itself was named after Tommy slang pronunciation of Ypres.

Tommy Atkins
Tommy Atkins (often just Tommy) is slang for a common soldier in the British Army.  It was well established during the nineteenth century, but is particularly associated with the First World War. It can be used as a term of reference, or as a form of address. German soldiers would allegedly call out to "Tommy" across no man's land if they wished to speak to a British soldier. French and Commonwealth troops would also call British soldiers "Tommies". In more recent times, the term Tommy Atkins has been used less frequently, although the name "Tom" is occasionally still heard; private soldiers in the British Army's Parachute Regiment are still referred to as "Toms".
2010–11 Coupe de la Ligue
The 2010–11 Coupe de la Ligue was the 17th edition of the French league cup competition. The defending champions were Marseille, who defeated Bordeaux 3–1 in the 2009–10 edition of the final. The competition was organized by the Ligue de Football Professionnel and was open to the forty-four professional clubs in France that are managed by the organization. The final was contested on 23 April 2011 at the Stade de France. The winner of the competition qualified for the 2011–12 UEFA Europa League and will be inserted into the third qualifying round.

Marseille successfully defended its title after defeating Montpellier 1–0 courtesy of a second half goal from Taye Taiwo in the final. The title resulted in Marseille becoming the first club in Coupe de la Ligue history to repeat as champions.

Coupe de la Ligue
The Coupe de la Ligue (French pronunciation: [kup də la liɡ]), known outside France as the French League Cup, was a knockout cup competition in French football organized by the Ligue de Football Professionnel. The tournament was established in 1993 and, unlike the Coupe de France, was only open to professional clubs in France which play in country's top three football divisions, though the third is not fully professional.

The most successful team in the competition was Paris Saint-Germain with nine wins, including the last edition in 2019–20. The LFP voted to suspend the competition indefinitely to "reduce the season schedule".
Diogenes of Athens (tragedian)
Diogenes of Athens (Ancient Greek: Διογένης ὁ Ἀθηναῖος) was a writer of Greek tragedy in the late 5th or early 4th century BC. His works are listed by the Suda as Semele, Achilles, Helen, Herakles, Thyestes, Medea, Oedipus, and Chrysippus. He was either born or flourished at the time of the Thirty Tyrants and the suppression of Athenian democracy, around 404–403 BC.

This Diogenes is sometimes confused with Diogenes of Sinope, to whom a similar list of tragedies is attributed by Diogenes Laërtius.

Athenaeus preserves a geographically confused fragment from Diogenes, having to do with a laurel grove along the Halys river where Lydian and Bactrian girls perform sacred music for Artemis as the goddess of Mount Tmolus.

Greek tragedy
Greek tragedy (Ancient Greek: τραγῳδία, romanized: tragōidía) is one of the three principal theatrical genres from Ancient Greece and Greek-inhabited Anatolia, along with comedy and the satyr play. It reached its most significant form in Athens in the 5th century BC, the works of which are sometimes called Attic tragedy.

Greek tragedy is widely believed to be an extension of the ancient rites carried out in honor of Dionysus, the god of wine and theatre, and it greatly influenced the theatre of Ancient Rome and the Renaissance. Tragic plots were most often based upon myths from the oral traditions of archaic epics. In tragic theatre, however, these narratives were presented by actors. The most acclaimed Greek tragedians are Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides. These tragedians often explored many themes of human nature, mainly as a way of connecting with the audience but also as way of bringing the audience into the play.
Nancy in London
Nancy in London is the third studio album by Nancy Sinatra, released on Reprise Records in 1966. Arranged and conducted by Billy Strange, the album was produced by Lee Hazlewood. It peaked at number 122 on the Billboard 200 chart.

Billy Strange
William Everett Strange (September 29, 1930 – February 22, 2012) was an American singer, songwriter, musician, guitarist, and actor. He began as a session musician with the Wrecking Crew, a famous session band of the 1960s and 1970s, and was inducted into the Musicians Hall of Fame and Museum as a member of that ensemble in 2007.
Will Bradley-King
William Bradley-King (born December 22, 1997) is an American professional football linebacker for the San Francisco 49ers of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Arkansas State Red Wolves and Baylor Bears and was selected by Washington Commanders in the seventh round of the 2021 NFL draft.

Arkansas State Red Wolves football
The Arkansas State Red Wolves football team represents Arkansas State University in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) college football competition. The team was founded in 1911 and has competed as a member of the Sun Belt Conference since 2001. Their home field is Centennial Bank Stadium and the head coach is Butch Jones.

The Red Wolves have claimed 12 conference championships. Arkansas State's most recent conference championship came in 2016. The team claims one national championship, which came in 1970 at the NCAA College Division level.

In 2008, the school changed its mascot from the Indians to the Red Wolves.
1997 ATP Buenos Aires
The 1997 ATP Buenos Aires was an ATP Challenger Series men's tennis tournament held in Buenos Aires, Argentina. The tournament was held from 24 November until 1 December 1994. Franco Squillari won the singles title.

Argentina Open
The IEB+ Argentina Open or Abierto Argentino is an annual ATP men's tennis event held in Buenos Aires, Argentina. The tournament is listed as an ATP 250 on the ATP Tour, and is played on outdoor clay courts at the 5,500 capacity Buenos Aires Lawn Tennis Club, in the Palermo barrio (neighborhood). Usually held in February, it includes both singles and doubles events.

The tournament was established in 1927 as the Argentina International Championships and was a combined men's and women's event from 1928 until 1987 when the women's tournament was discontinued (after 34 years the women's event resumed in 2021). Between 1970 and 1988 it was part of the Grand Prix tennis circuit and a Grand Prix Super Series event (1970–71). Between 1993 and 1995 it was part of the ATP World Series.

This event is not to be confused with the Argentine Championship (1918-1997), which was the open national championships of Argentina held at the Tennis Club Argentino (founded 1913) also in Buenos Aires.
Shan e Ramazan
Shan-e-Ramazan (Urdu: شانِ رمضان) is a Pakistani live television special transmission show of ARY Digital. The transmission includes the recitation of the Quran, Naat Sharif and discussion of various topics and highlighting the teachings of Islam and also includes some relevant competitions like quiz and debate competitions. It is currently hosted by Pakistani news anchor and host Waseem Badami on ARY Digital. Previous hosts include Junaid Jamshed.

Faysal Quraishi
Faysal Quraishi (Urdu: فیصل قریشی; born on 26 October 1973) is a Pakistani actor and television host. He is one of Pakistan's highest-paid actors. He is the recipient of more than 20 nationally recognised awards. He first gained recognition for playing the leading role of Boota in the television series Boota from Toba Tek Singh (1999) and has been a part of more than 200 projects. Quraishi hosted a morning show called Muskurati Morning with Faisal Qureshi from 2010 to 2014 on TV One. From 2016 to 2019, he hosted the morning show Salam Zindagi on ARY Zindagi. He was also the host of a game show called Jeet Ka Dum on Hum TV and is currently hosting another game show, Khush Raho Pakistan, on BOL TV.
USS Barbel (SS-580)
USS Barbel (SS-580) was the lead ship of her class of submarines in the United States Navy. She was the second Navy ship named for the barbel, a cyprinoid fish, commonly called a minnow or carp.

The contract to build Barbel was awarded to Portsmouth Naval Shipyard in Kittery, Maine on 24 August 1955 and her keel was laid down on 18 May 1956. She was launched on 19 July 1958 sponsored by Mrs. Bernard L. Austin, and commissioned on 17 January 1959, with Lieutenant Commander Ord Kimzey, Jr., in command.

Common barbel
The common barbel (Barbus barbus) is a species of freshwater fish belonging to the family Cyprinidae. It shares the common name 'barbel' with its many relatives in the genus Barbus, of which it is the type species. In Great Britain it is usually referred to simply as the barbel; similar names are used elsewhere in Europe, such as barbeau in France and flodbarb in Sweden. The name derives from the four whiskerlike structures located at the corners of the fish's mouth, which it uses to locate food.
Hinson House
The Hinson House was a historic residence in Greenville, Alabama, United States.  The house was built around 1875, and occupied in the 1870s by local cotton broker Alex T. Hinson.  The house remained in the Hinson family until 1982.  It was demolished sometime between its listing in 1986 and 2008.  The house was a one-story frame structure with a gable roof flanked by chimneys.  The façade was three bays wide, and the house had a rear ell and enclosed rear porch.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.

Greenville, Alabama
Greenville is a city in and the county seat of Butler County, Alabama, United States. At the 2020 census, the population was 7,374. Greenville is known as the Camellia City, wherein originated the movement to change the official Alabama state flower from the goldenrod to the camellia with legislative sponsors LaMont Glass and H.B. Taylor.
Ilex socorroensis
Ilex socorroensis is a species of flowering plant in the holly genus (Ilex). It is a tree native to Socorro Island in the Revillagigedo Islands west of Mexico's Pacific coast. It is a small tree, growing up to 8 meters tall.

It grows from 50 to 950 meters elevation on Socorro. At high elevations it is the dominant canopy tree in Ilex socorroensis forest. Other forest canopy trees include Guettarda insularis, Sideroxylon socorrense, and Psidium oligospermum. At middle elevations it grows in dry forest and shrubland. The population is small, estimated at 2,500 mature individuals. It is threatened by habitat loss, mostly from overgrazing by introduced sheep, cattle, and goats, which destroys native vegetation and accelerates soil erosion.

Overgrazing
Overgrazing occurs when plants are exposed to intensive grazing for extended periods of time, or without sufficient recovery periods. It can be caused by either livestock in poorly managed agricultural applications, game reserves, or nature reserves. It can also be caused by immobile, travel restricted populations of native or non-native wild animals.

Overgrazing reduces the usefulness, productivity and biodiversity of the land and is one cause of desertification and erosion. Overgrazing is also seen as a cause of the spread of invasive species of non-native plants and of weeds. Degrading land, emissions from animal agriculture and reducing the biomass in a ecosystem contribute directly to climate change between grazing events.
Billion Dollar Baby (album)
Billion Dollar Baby is the debut studio album by Nigerian street-pop singer Seyi Vibez. It was released on 2 November 2022, through Vibez Inc, and Dvpper Music. The album included guest appearances from Simi, and Mayorkun. The album is a mixture of Fuji, Tungba, and Apala rhythms. It was executively produced by Dvpper Music founder and CEO Dapper, and Seyi Vibez, along with production from TBM, Enta, QUE, FreshVDM, and Rexxie. The deluxe version of the album was released on 9 December 2022.

Apala
Apala (or akpala) is a music genre originally developed by the Yoruba people of Nigeria, during the country's history as a colony of the British Empire. It is a percussion-based style that originated in the late 1930s. The rhythms of apala grew more complex over time, and have influenced the likes of Cuban music, whilst gaining popularity in Nigeria. It has grown less religious centered over time.

Apala music is an offshoot of Wéré music.

Instruments include a rattle (sekere), thumb piano (agidigbo) and a bell (agogô), as well as two or three talking drums.

Ayinla Omowura Yekinni (Y.K.) Ajadi and Haruna Ishola - amongst others - were notable performers of apala music, these two icons played a major role in popularising the genre. It is distinct from, older than, and more difficult to master than fuji music. Although fuji music remains one of the popular form of traditional music amongst Yorubas in Nigeria, apala is still very popular amongst Muslims of the Yoruba tribe.
Tom Bachtell
Tom Bachtell is a self-taught artist who is an illustrator and caricaturist for The New Yorker's Talk of the Town as well as other sections, contributing regularly for 23 years. He has done work for Entertainment Weekly, Newsweek, Forbes, Bon Appétit, Town & Country, Mother Jones, New York, Poetry, the New York Times, the Wall Street Journal, the New York Observer and London's Evening Standard as well as Marshall Field, Lands' End and the chamber-music series at the University of Chicago as part of his ad-campaign clientele. His brush-and-ink style is considered to be reminiscent of American cartoonists from the 1920s and 1930s. He was a finalist for the 18th Lambda Literary Awards as illustrator along with editor Robert Trachtenberg for the book When I Knew under the Belles Lettres category.

Lands' End
Lands' End, Inc. is an American retailer of clothing, baggage, and furniture which began as a mail-order yachting supply company in 1963 in Chicago.
The company is named after Land's End; after promotional materials were printed, the founder noticed the typographical error in the location of the apostrophe, but could not afford to reprint the material. 
The company operates 26 domestic stores as of February 2024.
Lands' End is headquartered in Dodgeville, Wisconsin.
Winnifred Selby
Winnifred Kyei Selby is a young Ghanaian social entrepreneur and the president of the EPF Educational Empowerment Initiative based in Kumasi, Ashanti Region of Ghana. She co-founded the Ghana Bamboo Bike Initiative with Bernice Dapaah at the age of 15. At age 17, she established another business, the Afrocentric Bamboo Initiative. In 2018, she became the first Ghanaian to be inducted into the Royal Institute of Singapore.

Ashanti Region
The Ashanti Region is located in the southern part of Ghana and is the third largest of 16 administrative regions, occupying a total land surface of 24,389 km2 (9,417 sq mi) and making up 10.2 percent of the total land area of Ghana. It is the most populated region in Ghana, with a population of 5,440,463 according to the 2021 census, accounting for around one-sixth of Ghana's total population. The Ashanti Region is known for its gold bar and cocoa production. The largest city and capital of Ashanti is Kumasi.
Raymond Island
Raymond Island (Gunai/Kurnai language: Bunjil-baul) is a town located on a small island in the Gippsland Lakes in eastern Victoria, Australia, about 300 km (190 miles) from Melbourne. The island is approximately 6 km (3.7 miles) long by 2 km (1.2 miles) wide, with an area of approximately 7.5 square kilometres (2.9 square miles). It is just 200 m (660 ft) off the coast, across from the town of Paynesville. The island is named after William Odell Raymond, originally a magistrate from New South Wales, who established himself as a squatter in Gippsland in the 1840s.

Raymond Island is well known locally for its large koala population, originally introduced to the island in 1953, and for the Raymond Island Ferry, a chain ferry that links the island to Paynesville on the mainland.

Cable ferry
A cable ferry (including the types chain ferry, rope ferry, swing ferry, floating bridge, or punt) is a ferry that is guided (and in many cases propelled) across a river or large body of water by cables connected to both shores. The earliest examples date from the 13th century, and often used either rope or steel chains. These were largely replaced by wire cable by the late 19th century. Cable ferries use relatively little energy, but can hinder other craft.
Renata Mansini
Renata Mansini (born 22 August 1968) is an Italian applied mathematician, economist, and operations researcher known for her research on problems in mathematical optimization including portfolio optimization and vehicle routing. She is a professor of operations research at the University of Brescia.

Mathematical optimization
Mathematical optimization (alternatively spelled optimisation) or mathematical programming is the selection of a best element, with regard to some criteria, from some set of available alternatives. It is generally divided into two subfields: discrete optimization and continuous optimization. Optimization problems arise in all quantitative disciplines from computer science and engineering to operations research and economics, and the development of solution methods has been of interest in mathematics for centuries.

In the more general approach, an optimization problem consists of maximizing or minimizing a real function by systematically choosing input values from within an allowed set and computing the value of the function. The generalization of optimization theory and techniques to other formulations constitutes a large area of applied mathematics.
Oxley Mead
Oxley Mead is a 3.7 hectares (9.1 acres) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest in the Oxley Park district of Shenley Church End in Milton Keynes, (ceremonial) Buckinghamshire.

The site is an ancient hay meadow which has a nationally rare plant community, due to its traditional management, with a hay cut followed by cattle grazing, and no use of fertilisers or herbicides. A stream, which runs through the middle of the field, regularly floods. The main plants are herbs such as great burnet and meadow sweet, and grasses include meadow foxtail and sweet vernal-grass. The meadow is surrounded by hedgerows which have a wide variety of trees and shrubs.

There is access from the end of Raft Way.

Filipendula ulmaria
Filipendula ulmaria, commonly known as meadowsweet or mead wort, is a perennial herbaceous plant in the family Rosaceae that grows in damp meadows. It is native throughout most of Europe and Western Asia (Near East and Middle East). It has been introduced and naturalised in North America.

Meadowsweet has also been referred to as queen of the meadow, pride of the meadow, meadow-wort, meadow queen, lady of the meadow, dollof, meadsweet, and bridewort.
Centro Cultural Bella Época
The Centro Cultural Bella Epoca is a cultural 3,000 square meter cultural centre in the Condesa neighborhood in Mexico City. It includes the Rosario Castellanos bookshop (claimed to be the largest bookshop in Latin America) which carries over 35 thousand different titles, and has a children’s area, a coffee shop, and reading facilities. The Cine Lido art cinema and Galería Luis Cardoza y Aragón art gallery are also housed in the cultural center.

Rosario Castellanos
Rosario Castellanos Figueroa (Spanish pronunciation: [roˈsaɾjo kasteˈʝanos]; 25 May 1925 – 7 August 1974) was a Mexican poet and author. She was one of Mexico's most important literary voices in the 20th century. Throughout her life, she wrote eloquently about issues of cultural and gender oppression, and her work has influenced Mexican feminist theory and cultural studies. Though she died young, she opened the door of Mexican literature to women, and left a legacy that still resonates today.
EndNote
EndNote is a commercial reference management software package, used to manage bibliographies and references when writing essays, reports and articles.  EndNote was written by Richard Niles, and ownership changed hands several times since it was launched in 1989 by Niles & Associates: in 2000 it was acquired by Institute for Scientific Information’s ResearchSoft Division, part of Thomson Corporation, and in 2016 by Clarivate (then named Clarivate Analytics). EndNote's main competitors are Mendeley and Zotero, but unlike them, EndNote is neither free-to-use nor offers a freemium model.

Bibliography
Bibliography (from Ancient Greek: βιβλίον, romanized: biblion, lit. 'book' and -γραφία, -graphía, 'writing'), as a discipline, is traditionally the academic study of books as physical, cultural objects; in this sense, it is also known as bibliology (from Ancient Greek: -λογία, romanized: -logía). English author and bibliographer John Carter describes bibliography as a word having two senses: one, a list of books for further study or of works consulted by an author (or enumerative bibliography); the other one, applicable for collectors, is "the study of books as physical objects" and "the systematic description of books as objects" (or descriptive bibliography).
Yuliya Stisyuk
Yuliya Stisyuk (born 11 September 2000) is a swimmer from Azerbaijan. She competed in 50 m, 100 m, 200 m backstroke events in 2014 FINA World Swimming Championships (25 m) and set a record of Azerbaijan swimmers in these disciplines. Stisyuk also competed in the 2015 European Games in backstroke disciplines. Stisyuk was part of the women's 4 × 100 metre medley relay team that won the bronze medal at the 2017 Islamic Solidarity Games in Baku, Azerbaijan.

2017 Islamic Solidarity Games
The 4th Islamic Solidarity Games (Azerbaijani: 2017 IV İslam Həmrəyliyi Oyunları) was a multinational, multi-sport event that was held in Baku, Azerbaijan, from May 12 to 22, 2017. Previously, the event was held in Saudi Arabia in 2005 and Indonesia in 2013. The second event, originally scheduled to take place in October 2009 in Iran, was later rescheduled but then cancelled.

The Islamic Solidarity Sports Federation (ISSF) is responsible for the direction and control of the Islamic Solidarity Games.
Canton of Bouillante
The Canton of Bouillante is a former canton in the Arrondissement of Basse-Terre on the island of Guadeloupe. It had 7,481 inhabitants (2012). It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. It comprised the commune of Bouillante, which joined the canton of Sainte-Rose-1 in 2015.

Arrondissement of Basse-Terre
The arrondissement of Basse-Terre is an arrondissement of France in the Guadeloupe department in the Guadeloupe region. It has 18 communes. Its population is 185,012 (2021), and its area is 854.3 km2 (329.8 sq mi).