hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lynching of Mr. Norman
Mr. Norman (referred to as P. Norman and N. Norman) was an African-American man who was lynched in Texarkana, Miller County, Arkansas by masked men on February 11, 1922. According to the 1926 report of the United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary, this was  the 12th of 61 lynchings during 1922 in the United States.

Ashdown, Arkansas
Ashdown (formerly Turkey Flats and Keller) is a city in Little River County, Arkansas, United States. The community was incorporated in 1892 and has been the county seat since 1906. Located within the Arkansas Timberlands between the Little River and the Red River, Ashdown's economy and development have historically been tied to the timber industry. Timber is still a major industry here.

Ashdown's population at the 2020 census was 4,261, a slight from the 2010 census. The city's well-preserved history and proximity to outdoor recreation, such as Millwood State Park, draws tourists.
Fergus Whalers
The Fergus Whalers are a Junior ice hockey team based in Fergus, Ontario, Canada. They played in the PJHL, joining the league as an expansion franchise prior to the 2023-24.  The team will play in the Pollock Division of the North Conference.

The Whalers will be a continuation of Fergus involvement in junior hockey taking the place of the Fergus Devils who were a Junior ice hockey team that played in the former Georgian Mid-Ontario Junior C Hockey League (now a part of the PJHL). They took a leave of absence for the 2015/16 season and have not returned.

Fergus, Ontario
Fergus is the largest community in Centre Wellington, a township within Wellington County in Ontario, Canada. It lies on the Grand River about 18 km NNW of Guelph. The population of this community at the time of the 2016 Census was 20,767, but the community is growing as new homes are being built for sale.

Fergus was an independent town until 1999 when the Township was formed by amalgamating the Town of Fergus, the Village of Elora, and the Townships of Nichol, Pilkington, West Garafraxa, and part of Eramosa.
Matthew 6:2
Matthew 6:2 is the second verse of the sixth chapter of the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament and is part of the Sermon on the Mount. This verse continues the discussion of how even good deeds can be done for the wrong reasons.

Sermon on the Mount
The Sermon on the Mount (translated from Vulgate Latin section title Sermo in monte) is a collection of sayings spoken by Jesus of Nazareth found in chapters 5, 6, and 7 of the Gospel of Matthew that summarizes his moral teachings. It is the first of five discourses in the Gospel and has been one of the most widely quoted sections of the Gospels.
Chania Lighthouse
35°31′10″N 24°01′00″E﻿ / ﻿35.51955°N 24.01666°E﻿ / 35.51955; 24.01666

Chania Lighthouse (Greek: Φάρος Χανίων), is a lighthouse located at the entrance of the port of Chania, on the island of Crete, Greece. It was built in 1864 on the site of the original lighthouse by the Venetians. It has been a listed archeological site in Greece since 1962.

History of Crete
The history of Crete goes back to the 7th millennium BC, preceding the ancient Minoan civilization by more than four millennia. The Minoan civilization was the first civilization in Europe.

During the Iron Age, Crete developed an Ancient Greece-influenced organization of city-states, then successively became part of the Roman Empire, the Byzantine Empire, the Venetian Republic, the Ottoman Empire, an autonomous state, and the modern state of Greece.
Al R. Johanson
Al R. Johanson (May 28, 1899 – March 30, 1964) was an American lawyer and politician who served in the Minnesota Senate from 1943 to 1954.

Johanson was born in Traverse County, Minnesota on March 30, 1964, and graduated from Wheaton High School in Wheaton, Minnesota. He received his bachelor's degree from the University of Minnesota in 1922 and his law degree from the University of Minnesota Law School in 1924. He lived with his wife and family in Wheaton, Minnesota, and practiced law in Wheaton. Johanson served on the United States Civilian Defense Council and was the Traverse County chair. He also served as the mayor of Wheaton, Minnesota. Johanson served in the Minnesota Senate representing district 48 from 1943 to 1954.

Traverse County, Minnesota
Traverse County (locally /ˈtrævərs/ TRAV-ərss) is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 3,360, making it the least-populous county in Minnesota. Its county seat is Wheaton. The county was founded in 1862 and organized in 1881.
Edmond Destaing
Edmond Destaing (19 January 1872 – 27 December 1940) was a French orientalist Arabist, Berberologist, and first holder of the Chair of Berber at the Institut national des langues et civilisations orientales.

Institut national des langues et civilisations orientales
The Institut national des langues et civilisations orientales (French pronunciation: [ɛ̃stity nɑsjɔnal de lɑ̃ɡ e sivilizɑsjɔ̃ ɔʁjɑ̃tal]; transl. "National Institute for Oriental Languages and Civilizations"), abbreviated as INALCO, is a French grand établissement with a specializing in the teaching of languages and cultures from the world. Its coverage spans languages of Central Europe, Africa, Asia, America, and Oceania. With 104 languages taught as of 2024, this institution is currently the world's largest provider of language training courses.

It is also informally called "Langues'O" (French: [lɑ̃ɡz‿o]) in French, an abbreviation for Langues orientales.

The INALCO logo is made up of the school's acronym, each part of which is translated into languages written in non-Latin characters, corresponding to Inalco's fields of teaching and research.
Schutz
Schutz (German: shelter, protection) is a German surname, related to Schütz (which needs to be spelled Schuetz without umlaut ü). Notable people with the surname include:

Alfred Schutz (1899–1959), Austrian phenomenological philosopher and sociologist

Bernard F. Schutz (born 1946), physicist

Björn Schutz (born 1971), Dutch politician

Dana Schutz (born 1976), painter in New York

Guillermo Schutz (born 1980), Mexican sports announcer

Herbert Schutz (1937-2018), German-born Canadian philologist

Katelin Schutz, physicist and cosmologist

Maurice Schutz (1866–1955), French actor

Michael Schutz (professor), American-Canadian professor of music cognition

Peter W. Schutz (1930–2017), Porsche manager

Roger Louis Schutz-Marsauche (Frère Roger, 1915–2005)

Susan Polis Schutz (born 1944), American poet

William Schutz, psychologist in the 1960s

Katelin Schutz
Katelin Schutz is an American particle physicist known for using cosmological observations to study dark sectors, that is new particles and forces that interact weakly with the visible world. She was a NASA Einstein Fellow and Pappalardo Fellow in the MIT Department of Physics and is currently an assistant professor of physics at McGill University.

The American Physical Society awarded her the Sakurai Dissertation Award in theoretical particle physics in 2020, citing the highly original contributions from her PhD work.
Canada Wildlife Act
The Canada Wildlife Act (French: Loi sur les espèces sauvages du Canada) is a statute of the Government of Canada. It specifies the requirements for a geographic area in Canada to be designated a National Wildlife Area by the Canadian Wildlife Service division of Environment Canada.

National Wildlife Area
A National Wildlife Area is a conservation designation for a geographical region in Canada that restricts most human activities on that region. However, land use permits may be issued "for activities that are compatible with conservation". Such areas are established and managed by the Canadian Wildlife Service, a division of Environment and Climate Change Canada. They may consist of land and water features, as well as coastal areas extending up to 12 nautical miles (22 km) from shore.

The largest national wildlife area is the Scott Islands Marine National Wildlife Area in British Columbia, which covers an area of 11,570.65 km2 (4,467.45 sq mi).
USL Premier
USL Premier is a proposed professional men's soccer league in the highest level of the United States league system, alongside Major League Soccer. Organized by the United Soccer League (USL), it would supersede the USL Championship as its premier league for men, and would employ a promotion and relegation system with the Championship. Its inaugural season would commence by 2028.

United States Soccer Federation
The United States Soccer Federation (USSF), commonly referred to as U.S. Soccer, is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization and the official governing body of soccer in the United States. It is a full member of FIFA and governs American soccer at the international, professional, and amateur levels, including: the men's and women's national teams, Major League Soccer (MLS), the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL), youth organizations, as well as the beach soccer, futsal, Paralympic, and deaf national teams. U.S. Soccer sanctions referees and soccer tournaments for most soccer leagues in the United States. It also administers and operates the U.S. Open Cup and SheBelieves Cup. U.S. Soccer is headquartered in Chicago.
Foxy Brown (singer)
Jennifer Esmerelda Hylton, known professionally as Foxy Brown, is a Jamaican reggae singer.  Her first introduction to the reggae charts was via the Steely & Clevie-produced versions of Tracy Chapman's "(Sorry) Baby, Can I Hold You Tonight" and "Fast Car," the former even entering Billboard's Black Singles Chart. These led to her being regarded as Jamaica's Tracy Chapman. She released her debut album Foxy, in 1989, which showcased her original songwriting. In 1990 she had a hit with the dancehall single "Always For Me", and a second album, My Kind of Girl, followed in the same year. She also had a hit with Johnny P called "If you Love Me". In her later years she has been struggling with mental health issues.

Sanctuary Records
Sanctuary Records Group Limited was a record label based in the United Kingdom and is, as of 2013, a subsidiary of BMG Rights Management solely for reissues. Until June 2007, it was the largest independent record label in the UK and the largest music management company in the world. It was also the world's largest independent owner of music intellectual property rights, with over 160,000 songs.
Symphony No. 7 (Williamson)
Australian composer Malcolm Williamson wrote his Symphony No. 7 in 1984 to a joint commission from the Chamber Youth Strings of Melbourne and the State of Victoria, Australia. It was written mostly at the composer's home in Sandon, Hertfordshire, England.

Sandon, Hertfordshire
Sandon is a village and civil parish in the North Hertfordshire district of Hertfordshire, England. The village lies 4 miles (6 km) north-west of Buntingford, its post town, and 5 miles (8 km) east of Baldock. The parish also includes the hamlets of Green End and Roe Green, and Blagrove Common, a nature reserve. The population of the parish was 493 at the 2021 census.
Los Gatos Creek Trail
The main segment of the Los Gatos Creek Trail is a 9.7-mile (15.6 km) pedestrian and bicycle trail that runs through western Santa Clara County in California. It runs from Lexington Reservoir in Los Gatos, California through Campbell, California to Meridian Avenue in San Jose, California alongside Los Gatos Creek.

The half-mile northern segment runs from Lonus Street under I-280 to Dupont Street in downtown San Jose.

The trail is part of a fabric of trails that connect the Lexington Reservoir with the San Francisco Bay Trail on mostly class 1 trails.

Campbell, California
Campbell (/ˈkæm.bəl/) is a city in Santa Clara County, California, in the San Francisco Bay Area. As of the 2020 census, Campbell's population is 43,959.

Campbell is home to the Pruneyard Shopping Center, a sprawling open-air retail complex which was involved in a famous Supreme Court case that established the extent of the right to free speech in California.
Ronald Hugh Morrieson
Ronald Hugh Morrieson (29 January 1922 – 26 December 1972) was a novelist and short story writer in the New Zealand vernacular, who was little known in his home country until after his death. He earned his living as a musician and music teacher, and played in dance bands throughout south Taranaki. Morrieson lived in the Taranaki town of Hāwera all his life and this town appears (under other names) in his novels. He was a heavy drinker throughout his life and this contributed to his early death.

Taranaki
Taranaki is a region in the west of New Zealand's North Island. It is named after its main geographical feature, the stratovolcano Mount Taranaki.

The main centre is the city of New Plymouth. The New Plymouth District is one of three in the region and is home to more than 65 per cent of the population of Taranaki. The Stratford District includes the main centres of Stratford, Midhirst, Toko and Whangamōmona. The South Taranaki District includes Hāwera, Manaia, Eltham, and Ōpunake.

Since 2005, Taranaki has used the promotional brand "Like no other".
Explorers Monument (Grand Canyon)
Explorers Monument is a 4,572-foot-elevation (1,394-meter) summit located in the Grand Canyon, in Coconino County of northern Arizona, US. It is situated 3.5 miles due west of Mount Huethawali, within a meander of the Colorado River. It towers over 2,400 feet (730 meters) directly above the river, providing rafters a view of this landmark. Explorers Monument is topped by rock of the Pennsylvanian-Permian Supai Group which overlays cliff-forming Mississippian Redwall Limestone, which in turn overlays Cambrian Tonto Group. According to the Köppen climate classification system, Explorers Monument is located in a cold semi-arid climate zone.

Coconino County, Arizona
Coconino County is a county in the  North-Central part of the U.S. state of Arizona. Its population was 145,101 at the 2020 census. The county seat is Flagstaff. The county takes its name from Cohonino, a name applied to the Havasupai people. It is the second-largest county by area in the contiguous United States, behind San Bernardino County, California. It has 18,661 sq mi (48,332 km2), or 16.4% of Arizona's total area, and is larger than the nine smallest states in the U.S.

Coconino County comprises the Flagstaff metropolitan statistical area, Grand Canyon National Park, the federally recognized Havasupai Nation, and parts of the federally recognized Navajo, Hualapai, and Hopi nations. As a result, its relatively large Native American population makes up nearly 30% of the county's total population; it is mostly Navajo, with smaller numbers of other tribes.

The county was the setting for George Herriman's early 20th-century Krazy Kat comic strip.
The Great Belzoni
The Great Belzoni is an 1824 portrait painting by the Dutch artist Jan Adam Kruseman. It depicts Giovanni Belzoni, the Italian archaeologist and explorer of Ancient Egyptian locations. Belzoni was noted for his height and strength.

In  December 1823 Belzoni died from dysentery while on an expedition to West Africa, so the finished work was posthumous. Today the painting is in the collection of the Fitzwilliam Museum in Cambridge, having been acquired in 2018.

Giovanni Belzoni
Giovanni Battista Belzoni (Italian pronunciation: [dʒoˈvanni batˈtista belˈtsoːni]; 5 November 1778 – 3 December 1823), sometimes known as The Great Belzoni, was a prolific Italian explorer and pioneer archaeologist of Egyptian antiquities. He is known for his removal to England of the seven-tonne bust of Ramesses II, the clearing of sand from the entrance of the great temple at Abu Simbel, the discovery and documentation of the tomb of Seti I (still sometimes known as "Belzoni's Tomb"), including the sarcophagus of Seti I, and the first to penetrate into the Pyramid of Khafre, the second pyramid of the Giza complex.
Bathnaha, Saptari
Bathnaha   is a village development committee in Saptari District in the Sagarmatha Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 2011 Nepal census it had a population of 5,011 people living in 1,180 individual households.

2011 Nepal census
Nepal conducted a widespread national census in 2011 by the Nepal Central Bureau of Statistics. Working in cooperation with the 58 municipalities and the 3,915 Village Development Committees at a district level, they recorded data from all the municipalities and villages of each district. The data included statistics on population size, households, sex and age distribution, place of birth, residence characteristics, literacy, marital status, religion, language spoken, caste/ethnic group, economically active population, education, number of children, employment status, and occupation.
Retalhos da Vida de Um Médico
Retalhos da Vida de Um Médico is a 1962 Portuguese drama film directed by Jorge Brum do Canto. It was entered into the 13th Berlin International Film Festival.

The film is based on the book of the same name written by Fernando Namora. It contains several separate stories, each from the life of a physician and told as first-person narrative from the memory of the central character, drawing a realistic picture of the life of a physician with the use of many adjectives.

13th Berlin International Film Festival
The 13th annual Berlin International Film Festival was held from 21 June to 2 July 1963.

The Golden Bear was jointly awarded to To Bed or Not to Bed directed by Gian Luigi Polidoro and Bushido, Samurai Saga directed by Tadashi Imai.
Forty-second session of the United Nations General Assembly
The forty-second session of the United Nations General Assembly opened on 15 September 1987 at the UN Headquarters in New York. The president was Peter Florin, previous Ambassador to the United Nations of the German Democratic Republic. During his presidency of the United Nations General Assembly, he was, according to the New York Times, "nicknamed 'Comrade Glasnost' by delegates, who s[aw] him as him a symbol of the modern Communist of the Gorbachev era.

President of the United Nations General Assembly
The president of the United Nations General Assembly is a position voted by representatives in the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) on a yearly basis. The president is the chair and presiding officer of the General Assembly.
MELCOR
MELCOR is a fully integrated, engineering-level computer code developed by Sandia National Laboratories for the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission to model  the progression of severe accidents in nuclear power plants. A broad spectrum of severe accident phenomena in both boiling and pressurized water reactors is treated in MELCOR in a unified framework. MELCOR applications include estimation of severe accident source terms, and their sensitivities and uncertainties in a variety of applications.

Nuclear Regulatory Commission
The United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) is an agency of the United States government tasked with protecting public health and safety related to nuclear energy. Established by the Energy Reorganization Act of 1974, the NRC began operations on January 19, 1975, as one of two successor agencies to the United States Atomic Energy Commission. Its functions  include overseeing reactor safety and security, administering reactor licensing and renewal, licensing and oversight for fuel cycle facilities, licensing radioactive materials, radionuclide safety, and managing the storage, security, recycling, and disposal of spent fuel.
Railway Signal Cabin and Turntable, Ipswich
Railway Signal Cabin and Turntable is a heritage-listed signal box at Ellenborough Street near the Ipswich railway station, Ipswich, City of Ipswich, Queensland, Australia. It was built from 1881 to 1895. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 27 May 2005.

Vulcan Iron Works
Vulcan Iron Works was the name of several iron foundries in both England and the United States during the Industrial Revolution and, in one case, lasting until the mid-20th century. Vulcan, the Roman god of fire and smithery, was a popular namesake for these foundries.
Kolstad
Kolstad is a surname of Norwegian origin. Notable people with the surname include:

Allen Kolstad (1931–2008), American farmer and politician from Montana

Dean Kolstad (born 1968), Canadian former professional ice hockey defenceman

Derek Kolstad (born 1974), American screenwriter and film producer

Eva Kolstad (1918–1999), Norwegian politician for the Liberal Party

Hal Kolstad (born 1935), American former pitcher in Major League Baseball

Henki Kolstad (1915–2008), Norwegian actor

Jonas Ueland Kolstad (born 1976), Norwegian football goalkeeper

Lasse Kolstad (1922–2012), Norwegian actor

Peder Kolstad (1878–1932), Norwegian politician from the Agrarian Party

Per Kolstad (born 1953), Norwegian musician

Allen Kolstad
Allen C. Kolstad (December 24, 1931 – August 2, 2008) was an American politician from Montana.  A Republican from Chester in Liberty County, Montana, he was prominent in state politics for more than 40 years, beginning in 1968 with his election to the state House of Representatives. He served in the  state House and later the Senate for 20 years until he was elected the 25th Lieutenant Governor of Montana on the ticket headed by Stan Stephens in 1988.

Kolstad ran unsuccessfully for U.S. Senate in the 1990 election, losing to incumbent Democratic Senator Max Baucus. He resigned from the post of lieutenant governor in 1991 to accept a presidential appointment to the International Boundary Commission.

Kolstad was elected Montana's Republican national committeeman in 2004 to a term expiring in September 2009, but he resigned on December 15, 2007, for health reasons.
Pantoea
Pantoea is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria of the family Erwiniaceae, recently separated from the genus Enterobacter. This genus includes at least 20 species. Pantoea bacteria are yellow pigmented, ferment lactose, are motile, and form mucoid colonies. Some species show quorum sensing ability that could drive different gene expression, hence controlling certain physiological activities. Levan polysaccharide produced by Pantoea agglomerans ZMR7 was reported to decrease the viability of rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) and breast cancer (MDA) cells compared with untreated cancer cells. In addition, it has high antiparasitic activity against the promastigote of Leishmania tropica.

Trypanosomatida
Trypanosomatida is a group of kinetoplastid unicellular organisms distinguished by having only a single flagellum. The name is derived from the Greek trypano (borer) and soma (body) because of the corkscrew-like motion of some trypanosomatid species. All members are exclusively parasitic, found primarily in insects. A few genera have life-cycles involving a secondary host, which may be a vertebrate, invertebrate or plant. These include several species that cause major diseases in humans. Some trypanosomatida are intracellular parasites, with the important exception of Trypanosoma brucei.
Belgian Railways Class 62
The Class 62 is a diesel locomotive of the Belgian State Railways.

These diesels found use all over Belgium. Five (6321, 6325, 6391-6393) were sold to ACTS in the Netherlands in 1999.

Four units (6225, 6227, 6313 and 6324) are outfitted with TBL2 signaling and a Scharfenberg coupler. This is for hauling broken-down or unpowered TGVs on line 2. They display the letters "TBL2" on the nose.

Some others have been transferred to Infrabel, who manage the Belgian rail infrastructure; they were repainted in blue and white.

HSL 2
The HSL 2 (Dutch: Hogesnelheidslijn 2, English: High-Speed Line 2) is a  Belgian high-speed rail line between Leuven and Ans (near Liège) and is 66.2 km (41 mi) long, all of it on dedicated high-speed tracks, which began service on 15 December 2002. As part of the Belgian railway network, it is owned, technically operated and maintained by Infrabel.

Since the extension to the German border was completed (the HSL 3), the fastest journey time between Brussels South and Cologne Central Station is 1 hour and 47 minutes. HSL 2 is used by Eurostar (previously Thalys) and ICE trains as well as fast internal Belgian Railways InterCity services.