hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2020 Vuelta a Burgos
The 2020 Vuelta a Burgos was a men's road bicycle race which took place from 28 July to 1 August 2020 in the Spanish province of Burgos. It was the 42nd edition of the Vuelta a Burgos stage race, which was established in 1946. The race was rated as a 2.Pro event and formed part of the 2020 UCI Europe Tour and the 2020 UCI ProSeries. The race was made up of five stages.

Province of Burgos
The province of Burgos is a province of northern Spain, in the northeastern part of the autonomous community of Castile and León. It is bordered by the provinces of Palencia, Cantabria, Vizcaya, Álava, La Rioja, Soria, Segovia, and Valladolid. Burgos is the province of Spain that has borders with most provinces. Its capital is the city of Burgos.

The Cartularies of Valpuesta from the monastery Santa María de Valpuesta, in Burgos, are considered to be the oldest known documents containing words written in the Spanish language.
Ian MacDonald (physician)
Ian Macdonald (1873 – 14 September 1932) was a Scottish physician. He was educated at the Royal High School, Edinburgh and studied at the University of Edinburgh where he was awarded the degrees of M.B., C.M. in 1894, and M.D. in 1898. His M.D. was entitled 'Treatment of superficial burns by picric acid solution: a study in repair'.

Royal High School, Edinburgh
The Royal High School (RHS) of Edinburgh is a co-educational school administered by the City of Edinburgh Council. The school was founded in 1128 and is one of the oldest schools in Scotland. It serves around 1,400 pupils drawn from four feeder primaries in the north-west of the city: Blackhall primary school, Clermiston primary school, Cramond and Davidson's Mains.

The school's profile has given it a flagship role in education, piloting such experiments as the introduction of the Certificate of Secondary Education, the provision of setting in English and mathematics, and the curricular integration of European Studies and the International Baccalaureate. The Royal High School was last inspected by Education Scotland in February 2023.

Pauline Walker is the current Rector, having taken on the role in 2014. She is the second woman to lead the school, following Jane Frith.
Leaving Las Vegas (song)
"Leaving Las Vegas" is a song co-written by David Baerwald, Bill Bottrell, Sheryl Crow, Kevin Gilbert, Brian MacLeod, and David Ricketts that appears on Crow's debut album, Tuesday Night Music Club (1993). It was produced by Bottrell and released in April 1994, by A&M Records. The song charted within the top 75 in the United States and the top 30 in Canada. The accompanying music video was directed by David Hogan and won an award at the 1994 Music Video Production Awards in Los Angeles. Crow performed the song on her live album Sheryl Crow and Friends: Live from Central Park.

Bill Bottrell
Bill Bottrell is an American record producer and songwriter. He is perhaps best known for his production and uncredited guest appearance on Michael Jackson's 1991 single "Black or White", which topped the Billboard Hot 100. A Grammy Award recipient and six-time nominee, he has also produced for musical acts such as Madonna, Tom Petty, Electric Light Orchestra, Sheryl Crow, Elton John, and Five for Fighting, among others.
Muradiye
Muradiye (Kurdish: Bêgirî, Armenian: Բերկրի, romanized: Berkri) is a municipality and district of Van Province, Turkey. Its area is 912 km2, and its population is 45,718 (2022). It is best known for its impressive waterfalls.

Van Province
Van Province (Turkish: Van ili, Kurdish: Parezgêha Wanê, Armenian: Վանի մարզ) is a province and metropolitan municipality in the Eastern Anatolian region of Turkey, between Lake Van and the Iranian border. Its area is 20,921 km2, and its population is 1,128,749 (2022). Its adjacent provinces are Bitlis to the west, Siirt to the southwest, Şırnak and Hakkâri to the south, and Ağrı to the north. The capital of the province is the city of Van, with a population of 525,016 as of 2022. The second-largest city is Erciş, with 92,945 inhabitants in 2022. The province was part of ancient province of Vaspurakan and is considered to be one of the cradles of Armenian civilization. Before the Armenian genocide, Van Province was one of the six Armenian vilayets. A majority of the population of the province is Kurdish and considered part of Turkish Kurdistan.
Compagnie des mines de Béthune
The Compagnie des mines de Béthune, sometimes called the sometimes called the Compagnie de Grenay after the name of the concession, was a French coal mining company in the Pas-de-Calais that was established in 1851 and nationalized in 1946.
The company had 11 mines, each with one or more shafts for extraction of coal or ventilation.
It had a large facility for screening and washing raw coal, and for producing coke and other secondary products.
During World War I (1914–1918) the front line crossed the mining concession, with the northern part occupied by the Germans, but despite constant shelling production of coal continued.
Coke production peaked at 565,195 tons in 1928.
The company had two thermal electricity plants, and operated 159 kilometres (99 mi) of railway tracks.
At its peak the company was one of the largest coal mining operations in the region, with 12,640 employees in 1945.

Pas-de-Calais
The Pas-de-Calais (French: [pɑ d(ə) kalɛ] ⓘ, 'strait of Calais'; Picard: Pas-Calés; Dutch: Nauw van Calais) is a department in northern France named after the French designation of the Strait of Dover, which it borders. It has the most communes of all the departments of France, with 887, and is the 8th most populous. It had a population of 1,465,278 in 2019. The Calais Passage connects to the Port of Calais on the English Channel. The Pas-de-Calais borders the departments of Nord and Somme and is connected to the English county of Kent via the Channel Tunnel.
Golyanovo District
55°49′14″N 37°48′26″E﻿ / ﻿55.82056°N 37.80722°E﻿ / 55.82056; 37.80722

Golyanovo District (Russian: райо́н Голья́ново) is a district of Eastern Administrative Okrug of the federal city of Moscow, Russia. Population: 157,040 (2010 census); 159,147 (2002 census).

It is one of the largest districts in Moscow, both in terms of the geographic area and population size. Located 9-15 km to the east of the Kremlin, this large territory is bounded by MKAD (Moscow Automobile Ring Road), Shchyolkovskoye Shosse, and the national park "Losiny Ostrov".

Golyanovo is named after Russian: гольян, romanized: golyan, lit. 'minnow', which was once abundant in the local lakes. The first mention of Golyanovo dates back to the 17th century. Golyanovo was incorporated into the city of Moscow in the early 1960s. At approximately the same time, city officials started massive construction projects in the district, building numerous microdistricts.

Administrative divisions of Moscow
Central Administrative Okrug

Northern Administrative Okrug

North-Eastern Administrative Okrug

Eastern Administrative Okrug

South-Eastern Administrative Okrug

Southern Administrative Okrug

South-Western Administrative Okrug

Western Administrative Okrug

North-Western Administrative Okrug

Zelenogradsky Administrative Okrug

Novomoskovsky Administrative Okrug

Troitsky Administrative Okrug

The federal city of Moscow, Russia is divided into administrative districts called administrative okrugs, which are a subdivision of state administration. They are further divided into municipal formations called districts (raions) and settlements (poseleniy), which are local self-government entities.
Ahmadi Governorate
The Ahmadi Governorate is a governorate in southern Kuwait. It is the second most populated governorate in Kuwait, behind Farwaniya Governorate. Many oil and petroleum companies such as KOC and KNPC have their headquarters here.

Kuwait Oil Company
Kuwait Oil Company (KOC) is an oil company headquartered in Al Ahmadi, Kuwait. It is a subsidiary of the Kuwait Petroleum Corporation (KPC), a government-owned holding company.

As of 2024, Kuwait's oil production is approximately 2.4 million barrels per day (bpd), largely in line with its OPEC+ quota, while its sustainable production capacity is estimated at 2.9 million bpd. The country has a long-term strategic goal to increase its production capacity to 4 million bpd by 2040.

Kuwait nationalized its oil industry in 1975. KOC holds the sole rights to explore, produce, and develop oil and gas resources within the state of Kuwait. Kuwait's oil reserves are estimated to be around 101.5 billion barrels.
Kirindy Mitea National Park
The Kirindy Mitea National Park is a national park on the coast of the Mozambique Channel, in south-west Madagascar. The 72,200 hectares (178,000 acres) park contains many endemic animals and plants and claims to have the greatest density of primates in the world.

Mozambique Channel
The Mozambique Channel (French: Canal du Mozambique, Malagasy: Lakandranon'i Mozambika, Portuguese: Canal de Moçambique) is an arm of the Indian Ocean located between the Southeast African countries of Madagascar and Mozambique. The channel is about 1,700 km (900 nmi; 1,100 mi) long and 419 km (226 nmi; 260 mi) across at its narrowest point, and reaches a depth of 3,292 m (10,801 ft) about 230 km (124 nmi; 143 mi) off the coast of Mozambique. A warm current, the Mozambique Current, flows in a southward direction in the channel, leading into the Agulhas Current off the east coast of Southern Africa.
Boldino
Boldino (Russian: Болдино) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Boldino, Perm Krai, a village in Kultayevskoye Rural Settlement, Permsky District, Perm Krai

Boldino (settlement), Vladimir Oblast, a settlement in Pekshinskoye Rural Settlement, Petushinsky District, Vladimir Oblast

Boldino (village), Vladimir Oblast, a village in Pekshinskoye Rural Settlement, Petushinsky District, Vladimir Oblast

Bolshoye Boldino, a rural settlement in Nizhny Novgorod Oblast that is the ancestral home of Alexander Pushkin

Petushinsky District
Petushinsky District (Russian: Петуши́нский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the sixteen in Vladimir Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southwest of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,692 square kilometers (653 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Petushki. Population: 59,680 (2021 census); 68,062 (2010 census); 69,364 (2002 Census); 78,498 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Petushki accounts for 22.3% of the district's total population.
Khawla bint al-Azwar
Khawla bint al-Azwar (Arabic: خولة بنت الازور; died 639), was a Muslim warrior in the service of the Rashidun Caliphate. She played a major role in the Muslim conquest of the Levant, and fought alongside her brother Dhiraar. She has been described as one of the greatest female soldiers in history. She was a companion of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad.

Born sometime in the seventh century as the daughter of Azwar al Asadi, one of the chiefs of the Banu Assad tribe, Khawlah was well known for her bravery in campaigns of the Muslim conquests in parts of the Levant. She fought side by side with her brother Dhiraar in many battles, including the decisive Battle of Yarmouk in 636 against the Byzantine Empire. On the fourth day of the battle she led a group of women against the Byzantine army and defeated its chief commander, and later was wounded during her fight with a Greek soldier.

Muslim conquest of Syria
The Muslim conquest of Syria (Arabic: فَتْحُ الشَّام, romanized: Fatḥ al-šām; lit. 'Conquest of Syria'), or the Arab conquest of Syria, was the conquest of Byzantine Syria by the Rashidun Caliphate that took place between 634–638 CE as part of the Arab–Byzantine wars and the wider Muslim conquests.

Clashes between the Muslims and the Byzantines on the southern Levantine borders of the Byzantine Empire had occurred previously during the lifetime of Muhammad, with the Battle of Muʿtah in 629 CE. However, the actual conquest did not begin until 634, two years after Muhammad's death. It was led by the first two Rashidun caliphs who succeeded Muhammad: Abu Bakr and Umar ibn al-Khattab. During this time, Khalid ibn al-Walid was the most important commander of the Rashidun army. In the aftermath of the conquest, Syria was brought under Arab Muslim rule and developed into the provincial region of Bilad al-Sham.
Last Rebellion
Last Rebellion is an action role-playing video game developed by Nippon Ichi Software and Hit Maker exclusively for the PlayStation 3. It was published by Nippon Ichi Software in Japan as well as in North America and Tecmo Koei in Europe . The game was released on January 28, 2010, in Japan, in North America on February 23, 2010, and in Europe on March 26, 2010. The game received negative reviews from critics.

Nippon Ichi Software
Nippon Ichi Software, Inc. (株式会社日本一ソフトウェア, Nippon Ichi Sofutowea; known as Prism Kikaku Ltd. from July 1993 to July 1995) is a Japanese video game developer and publisher. The company was founded in 1991 and has developed several role-playing video games, most notably the Disgaea and Marl Kingdom series. Its mascot is the penguin-like Disgaea character Prinny.

NIS America, a localization and global publishing branch of the company, was founded in 2003. It originally focused solely on the North American market until being expanded to include Europe and other regions in 2007 and has also published anime.
Sing-Sing (band)
Sing-Sing were an English indie pop/dream pop supergroup formed in 1997 in London, comprising vocalist Lisa O'Neill (who had previously worked with Locust, Mad Professor, and Kid Loco) and guitarist/vocalist Emma Anderson (formerly of Lush). They worked with a variety of musicians to create a sound which nodded to 1960s girl groups, electronica and folk. They disbanded in 2007.

Poptones
Poptones was a record label launched by Alan McGee after the demise of Creation Records in 1999. Its roster included The Hives, January, Oranger, Arnold, Cherrystones, King Biscuit Time, The Mardous, Thee Unstrung, The Boxer Rebellion, Beachbuggy, Pure Reason Revolution and Nick Laird-Clowes as Trashmonk. In May 2007, McGee wound down Poptones for financial reasons.
Economic history of Wales
The development of the Welsh economy since the 18th century has largely been concentrated on the mining industry during the Industrial revolution in Wales, with the economy largely dependent on agriculture in centuries prior. The Welsh slate industry once was the world's largest, and Wales' significant coalfields led to the industry transforming many parts of Wales. Wales experienced de-industrialisation in the late 20th century, becoming more of a service economy to the present day.

Bank of Wales
The Bank of Wales (Welsh: Banc Cymru) was a commercial bank in Wales which was founded in 1971. The bank was taken over by the Bank of Scotland plc in 1986 and ceased trading under the Welsh brand in 2002. It is now a trading name used by Bank of Scotland plc, a subsidiary of Lloyds Banking Group.
Phool Patti ka Kaam
Phool Patti ka Kaam (Patti work, Patti ka kaam, Floral and leaf motifs) is a dying traditional craft of appliqué style embroidery practiced at Aligarh and Rampur, Uttar Pradesh. Phool Patti ka Kaam was the combination of patchwork and embroidery in which floral designs were created on clothes. The fabric cut pieces formed into motifs and hemmed onto the ground fabric and stems were embroidered along with stem stitches. The craft was famous during the Mughal period. The appliqué was done on fine muslins, white cotton fabric or organdy. In the past, A large number of women workers were used to be engaged in this craft.

Rampur, Uttar Pradesh
Rampur (/ˈrɑːmpʊər/ pronunciationⓘ; ISO: Rāmapura; formerly Mustafabad) is a city and the administrative headquarters of Rampur district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It was formerly known for industries such as sugar refining and cotton milling. The Raza Library houses more than 12,000 rare manuscripts along with a notable collection of Mughal miniature paintings. Rampur is located about 322 kilometres north-west of the state capital Lucknow and approximately 180 kilometres from the national capital New Delhi.

In 2007, the Ministry of Minority Affairs identified Rampur district as one of the 14 'Minority Concentration Districts' in Uttar Pradesh, on the basis of the 2001 Census data relating to population, socio-economic indicators, and basic amenities. The city is also known for the Rampuri knife (chaaku), commonly known as the Rampuri.
Dalarö wreck
The Dalarö wreck (also "Edesö Wreck") is a shipwreck of a 17th-century ship lying in the waters off Edesön near Dalarö, southeast of Stockholm, Sweden. It is the remains of a three-masted armed vessel. It was discovered in 2003 but it was not made public until March 2007.

Shipwreck
A shipwreck is the wreckage of a ship that is either beached on land or sunken to the bottom of a body of water. It results from the event of shipwrecking, which may be intentional or unintentional. There were approximately three million shipwrecks worldwide as of January 1999, according to Angela Croome, a science writer and author who specialized in the history of underwater archaeology  (an estimate rapidly endorsed by UNESCO and other organizations).
When a ship's crew has died or abandoned the ship, and the ship has remained adrift but unsunk, they are instead referred to as ghost ships.
Cecil O. De Loach Jr.
Cecil O. De Loach Jr. (born September 14, 1938, Montgomery, Alabama) is a California grape-grower and winemaker in the Russian River Valley AVA who has contributed to the reputation and notoriety of Sonoma County viticulture.

San Francisco Fire Department
The San Francisco Fire Department (SFFD) provides firefighting, hazardous materials response services, technical rescue services and emergency medical response services to the City and County of San Francisco, California.
Stringmusic
Stringmusic is a musical composition for string orchestra by the American composer Morton Gould.  It was commissioned by the National Symphony Orchestra and was premiered at the Kennedy Center by the NSO on March 10, 1994.  The piece is dedicated to the conductor Mstislav Rostropovich upon his leave.

Unanimously recommended by the jury, Stringmusic was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Music in 1995.

"A large-scale suite, or serenade, for string orchestra, comprising five movements[:]" "Prelude", "Tango", "Dirge", "Ballad", "Strum".

Dirge
A dirge (Latin: dirige, nenia) is a somber song or lament expressing mourning or grief, such as may be appropriate for performance at a funeral. Often taking the form of a brief hymn, dirges are typically shorter and less meditative than elegies. Dirges are often slow and bear the character of funeral marches. Poetic dirges may be dedicated to a specific individual or otherwise thematically refer to death.

The English word dirge is derived from the Latin Dirige, Domine, Deus meus, in conspectu tuo viam meam ("Direct my way in your sight, O Lord my God"), the first words of the first antiphon (a short chant in Christian liturgy) in the Matins of the Office for the Dead, based on Psalm 5.  The original meaning of dirge in English referred to this office, particularly as it appeared in breviaries and primer prayer books.: 71
Marián Dávidík
Marián Dávidík (born 18 November 1977 in Dolný Kubín) is a Slovak orienteering competitor. He received a silver medal in the classic distance at the 2000 European Orienteering Championships in Truskavets.

Dolný Kubín
Dolný Kubín (Slovak pronunciation: [ˈdɔlniː ˈkubiːn] ⓘ; also known by other names) is a town in northern Slovakia in the Žilina Region. It is the historical capital and the largest settlement of the Orava region.
Extended Player One
Extended Player One is the debut EP from Kids Near Water, as well as the band's first release on Firefly Recordings. The EP was recorded by former Understand member John Hannon in Essex across one weekend in September 2000 at Mushroom Studios, Southend. On its release the EP was awarded 5 K's in Kerrang! as well as receiving a favourable review in the NME. Monk Dave, Editor of the UK punk-zine Fracture described the release as "quite simply the best demo I have ever heard".

Fracture
Fracture is the appearance of a crack or complete separation of an object or material into two or more pieces under the action of stress. The fracture of a solid usually occurs due to the development of certain displacement discontinuity surfaces within the solid. If a displacement develops perpendicular to the surface, it is called a normal tensile crack or simply a crack; if a displacement develops tangentially, it is called a shear crack, slip band, or dislocation.

Brittle fractures occur without any apparent deformation before fracture. Ductile fractures occur after visible deformation. Fracture strength, or breaking strength, is the stress when a specimen fails or fractures. The detailed understanding of how a fracture occurs and develops in materials is the object of fracture mechanics.
Rushan, Shandong
Rushan is a county-level city in the prefecture-level city of Weihai, Shandong province, People's Republic of China. Located on the Shandong Peninsula, Rushan borders Yantai to the north and looks out to the Yellow Sea to the south. As of the end of 2024, the total registered population of Rushan City is 508,413.

It derives its name from a breast-shaped hill on the seashore.

Yellow Sea
The Yellow Sea (simplified Chinese: 黄海; traditional Chinese: 黃海; pinyin: Huáng Hǎi; Zhuyin Fuhao: ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄏㄞˇ; Korean: 황해; Hanja: 黃海; RR: Hwanghae), also known as the North Sea, is a marginal sea of the Western Pacific Ocean located between mainland China and the Korean Peninsula, and can be considered the northwestern part of the East China Sea.
Cherylin Peniston
Cherylin Naylor Peniston (born 3 March 1948) is a former legislator in the U.S. state of Colorado. A career public school teacher, Peniston was first elected as a Democrat in 2006 to the Colorado House of Representatives. She represented House District 35, which encompasses most of Westminster, Colorado and portions of Arvada. Term limited, she did not seek re-election in 2014.

Colorado House of Representatives
The Colorado House of Representatives is the lower house of the Colorado General Assembly, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Colorado. The House is composed of 65 members from an equal number of constituent districts, with each district having roughly 80,000 people.  Representatives are elected to two-year terms, and are limited to four consecutive terms in office, but can run again after a four-year respite.

The Colorado House of Representatives convenes at the State Capitol in Denver.
Jeffersonville High School
Jeffersonville High School is a public high school located in Jeffersonville, Indiana, United States. The school serves students in grades 9 through 12 from Jeffersonville, Utica, and sections of Clarksville not covered by that town's own high school. The school's enrollment for the 2014–2015 school year was 2,051 students, with 123 teachers. The current principal is Pam Hall. Jeffersonville is in the school district of Greater Clark County Schools. This school district includes Charlestown addresses that are connected with the city of Jeffersonville. While most schools in other counties have a majority European ratio of students, Jeffersonville total minority enrollment is 36%.

Clarksville, Indiana
Clarksville is a town in Clark County, Indiana, United States, along the Ohio River and is a part of the Louisville Metropolitan area. The population was 22,333 at the 2020 census. The town was founded in 1783 by early resident George Rogers Clark at the only seasonal rapids on the entire Ohio River, it is the oldest American town in the former Northwest Territory. The town is home to the Colgate clock, one of the largest clocks in the world and the Falls of the Ohio State Park, home to the world's largest exposed Devonian period fossil bed.