hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Biological system
A biological system is a complex network which connects several biologically relevant entities. Biological organization spans several scales and are determined based different structures depending on what the system is. Examples of biological systems at the macro scale are populations of organisms. On the organ and tissue scale in mammals and other animals, examples include the circulatory system, the respiratory system, and the nervous system. On the micro to the nanoscopic scale, examples of biological systems are cells, organelles, macromolecular complexes and regulatory pathways. A biological system is not to be confused with a living system, such as a living organism.

Exocrine gland
Exocrine glands are glands that secrete substances onto an epithelial surface by way of a duct. Examples of exocrine glands include sweat, salivary, mammary, ceruminous, lacrimal, sebaceous, prostate and mucous glands. Exocrine glands are one of two types of glands in the human body, the other being endocrine glands, which secrete their products directly into the bloodstream. The liver and pancreas are both exocrine and endocrine glands; they are exocrine glands because they secrete products—bile and pancreatic juice—into the gastrointestinal tract through a series of ducts, and endocrine because they secrete other substances directly into the bloodstream. Exocrine sweat glands are part of the integumentary system; they have merocrine and apocrine types.
Elizabeth Morales García
Elizabeth Morales García (born 29 September 1970) is a Mexican politician from the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). 
In the 2006 general election she was elected to the Chamber of Deputies to represent the tenth district of Veracruz during the 60th session of Congress.

LX Legislature of the Mexican Congress
The LX Legislature (60th session) of the Congress of Mexico met from September 1, 2006, to September 1, 2009. All members of both the lower and upper houses of Congress were elected in the elections of July 2006.
Kaunas Railway Tunnel
Kaunas railway tunnel (Lithuanian: Kauno geležinkelio tunelis) is one of the two railway tunnels existing in Lithuania and the only railway tunnel operating in the Baltic states. Passenger trains are operating between Vilnius and Kaunas through this tunnel. The length of the tunnel is 1,285 metres (0,803 miles), height – 6,6 metres, width – 8,8 metres. Kaunas railway tunnel was included into the Registry of Immovable Cultural Heritage Sites of the Republic of Lithuania in 1996.

Petrašiūnai
Petrašiūnai is a neighborhood in the eastern part of the Lithuanian city of Kaunas. Part of larger Petrašiūnai elderate which also consists with Amaliai, Palemonas and Naujasodis neighorhoods. In 2006 it occupied about 28.46 km², with a population of about 18,000. Parts of the elderate are on Kaunas Reservoir Regional Park.

Its eponymous estate was established in the 18th century, and it was the center of a volost. In 1946 it was incorporated into the city. The district contains the Petrašiūnai Thermal Power Plant, one of Kaunas’s main heat generation sites. After the Kaunas Hydroelectric Power Plant was built in 1960, it grew rapidly and became one of the city's industrial centers. The elderate borders Kaunas Reservoir and includes Pažaislis monastery ensemble.

The elderate contains the Petrašiūnai cemetery, where many distinguished Lithuanian political and social activists are buried.
Mohamed Tindouft
Mohamed Tindouft (born 12 March 1993 in Azilal) is a Moroccan runner specialising in the 3000 metres steeplechase. He represented his country at the 2017 World Championships without reaching the final. He won gold medals at the 2017 Islamic Solidarity Games and 2017 Jeux de la Francophonie.

He competed in the men's 3,000 metres steeplechase at the 2020 Summer Olympics.

2017 Jeux de la Francophonie
The 2017 Jeux de la Francophonie, also known as VIIIèmes Jeux de la Francophonie (French for 8th Francophone Games), informally known as Abidjan 2017, took place in Abidjan, Ivory Coast, from July 21–30. This was the first edition of the games to be hosted in Ivory Coast.

Since 2011, it was the third international competition held in Abidjan, after the 2013 World Cup Taekwondo Team Championships and the 2013 AfroBasket.
Serious Gaming
Serious Gaming is a professional gaming team based in Amsterdam, Netherlands. It was founded in 2004 by entrepreneur Bas Peeperkorn. Serious Gaming is known for their achievements in first-person shooter Deathmatch tournaments, most notably those by Quake series players Maciej "av3k" Krzykowski and Cypher.

BlizzCon
BlizzCon is an annual gaming convention held by Blizzard Entertainment to promote its major franchises including Warcraft, StarCraft, Diablo, Hearthstone, Heroes of the Storm, and Overwatch.

The first BlizzCon was held in October 2005, and since then, all of the conventions have been held at the Anaheim Convention Center in Anaheim, California, near Blizzard's headquarters in Irvine. The convention features game-related announcements, previews of upcoming Blizzard Entertainment games and content, Q&A sessions and panels, costume contests, and playable versions of various Blizzard games. The Closing Ceremony has featured concerts by The Offspring, Tenacious D, Foo Fighters, Ozzy Osbourne, Blink-182, Metallica, Linkin Park, "Weird Al" Yankovic, and Muse. Blizzard also hosted a similar event outside the U.S. from 2004 to 2008, known as the Blizzard Worldwide Invitational.
Nguyễn Thị Ngọc Hoa
Nguyễn Thị Ngọc Hoa (born November 10, 1987, in Long An) is a Vietnamese coach and former volleyball player. She is a former captain of the Vietnam women's national volleyball team. She is now the head coach of the VTV Bình Điền Long An team and one of the assistant coaches of the Vietnam national team.

Long An province
Long An was a province in the Mekong Delta region of southern Vietnam. The provincial capital is Tân An city, and other major districts and town include Kiến Tường, Bến Lức, Cần Giuộc and Đức Hòa. There are 15 districts within the province (included 1 provincial capital city and 1 district-level town).

The region is between Ho Chi Minh City and Southeast region in the north and the Mekong Delta. Because of its low lying geography, it is susceptible to sea level rise caused by climate change.

On 12 June 2025, Long An was incorporated into Tây Ninh province.
Fork (system call)
In computing, particularly in the context of the Unix operating system and its workalikes, fork is an operation whereby a process creates a copy of itself. It is an interface which is required for compliance with the POSIX and Single UNIX Specification standards. It is usually implemented as a C standard library wrapper to the fork, clone, or other system calls of the kernel. Fork is the primary method of process creation on Unix-like operating systems.

Unix-like
A Unix-like (sometimes referred to as UN*X, *nix or *NIX) operating system is one that behaves in a manner similar to a Unix system, although not necessarily conforming to or being certified to any version of the Single UNIX Specification. A Unix-like application is one that behaves like the corresponding Unix command or shell. Although there are general philosophies for Unix design, there is no technical standard defining the term, and opinions can differ about the degree to which a particular operating system or application is Unix-like. Some well-known examples of Unix-like operating systems include Linux, FreeBSD and OpenBSD. These systems are often used on servers as well as on personal computers and other devices. Many popular applications, such as the Apache web server and the Bash shell, are also designed to be used on Unix-like systems.
Bolotny
Bolotny (Russian: Болотный; masculine), Bolotnaya (Болотная; feminine), or Bolotnoye (Болотное; neuter) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.

Urban localities

Bolotnoye, a town in Bolotninsky District of Novosibirsk Oblast

Rural localities

Bolotnaya, Mari El Republic, a village in Emekovsky Rural Okrug of Volzhsky District of the Mari El Republic

Bolotnaya, Novgorod Oblast, a village in Syrkovskoye Settlement of Novgorodsky District of Novgorod Oblast

Landmarks

Bolotnaya Square, a square in Moscow

Novgorod Oblast
Novgorod Oblast (Russian: Новгоро́дская о́бласть, romanized: Novgorodskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Veliky Novgorod. Some of the oldest Russian cities, including Veliky Novgorod and Staraya Russa, are located in the oblast. The historic monuments of Veliky Novgorod and surroundings have been declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Population: 583,387 (2021 Census).
John Wallwork (surgeon)
John Wallwork CBE FRCS FMedSci (born July 1946), is a retired cardiothoracic surgeon and emeritus professor who performed Europe's first successful combined heart-lung transplant in 1984, and in 1986 performed the world's first heart-lung and liver transplant with Sir Roy Calne.

Heart–lung transplant
A heart–lung transplant is a procedure carried out to replace both failing heart and lungs in a single operation. Due to a shortage of suitable donors and because both heart and lung have to be transplanted together, it is a rare procedure; only about a hundred such transplants are performed each year in the United States.
Francisca Chepkurui
Francisca Chepkurui, HSC (born 11 September 1963) is a retired Kenyan middle-distance runner. She won the gold medal in the 400 metres at the 1987 All-Africa Games in Nairobi. Later in those games she anchored Kenya to a silver medal in set the 4 × 400 metres relay, setting a still-standing Kenyan record of 3:28.94.

Later in the 1987 season, Chepkurui competed in the second-ever World Championships in Athletics in both the 400 m and the 4 × 400 m. She did not advance to the finals in either event.

In 1988, Chepkurui moved up to the 800 metres, culminating in August with a 1:58.1 hand-timed personal best which at the time was a Kenyan record and African record. Her national record stood until 2007. She was viewed as a gold medal favorite for the 1988 Summer Olympics, but she was withdrawn from competition before the Games started. The IAAF does not list any results for Chepkurui past 1988.

4 × 400 metres relay
The 4 × 400 metres relay or long relay is an athletics track event in which teams consist of four runners who each complete 400 metres or one lap, totaling 1600 meters. It is traditionally the final event of a track meet. The first leg and the first bend of the second leg are run in lanes. Start lines are thus staggered over a greater distance than in an individual 400 metres race; the runners then typically move to the inside of the track. The slightly longer 4 × 440 yards relay, on an Imperial distance, was a formerly run British Commonwealth and American event, until metrication was completed in the 1970s.
Snow Wolf
Snow Wolf is an espionage novel by Irish writer Glenn Meade.  Published in 1996, its plot concerns a covert attempt by US operatives on the life of the Soviet dictator Joseph Stalin in late 1952 and early 1953.

Spy fiction
Spy fiction is a genre of literature involving espionage as an important context or plot device. It emerged in the early twentieth century, inspired by rivalries and intrigues between the major powers, and the establishment of modern intelligence agencies. It was given new impetus by the development of communism and fascism in the lead-up to World War II, continued to develop during the Cold War, and received a fresh impetus from the emergence of rogue states, international criminal organizations, global terrorist networks, maritime piracy and technological sabotage and espionage as potent threats to Western societies.  As a genre, spy fiction is thematically related to the novel of adventure (The Prisoner of Zenda, 1894, The Scarlet Pimpernel, 1905), the thriller (such as the works of Edgar Wallace) and the politico-military thriller (The Schirmer Inheritance, 1953, The Quiet American, 1955).
Nizamabad North mandal
Nizamabad North is an administrative district located in the revenue division and city of Nizamabad under Nizamabad Urban Constituency. It is one of the 27 mandals within Nizamabad District in the Indian state of Telangana.

On 11 October 2016, the government of Telangana reorganized the districts and mandals of the state. During reorganisation, the erstwhile Nizamabad mandal was divided into four mandals namely Nizamabad North, Nizamabad South, Nizamabad Rural and Mugpal.

Nizamabad Rural Assembly constituency
Nizamabad (Rural) Assembly constituency is a constituency of Telangana Legislative Assembly, India. It is one among two constituencies in the city of Nizamabad with a population of 3,22,781. It is part of Nizamabad Lok Sabha constituency.

Rekulapally Bhoopathi Reddy of Indian National Congress is currently representing the constituency.
Phyteuma
Phyteuma is a genus of flowering plants in the family Campanulaceae, native to Europe and Morocco.

The common name is rampion, a name shared with the related plant Campanula rapunculus. Rampion features prominently in some versions of the fairy tale Rapunzel. In the version collected by the Brothers Grimm, it is said that "rapunzel" is the name given to a local variety of rampion.

The species are herbaceous perennial plants, growing to 5–90 cm tall. The leaves are alternate, petiolate, and vary in shape on a single plant, with larger, broader leaves at the base of the stem and smaller, narrower leaves higher up; the leaf margin is serrated. The flowers are produced in dense erect panicles, each flower with a narrow, deeply five-lobed corolla, 1–2 cm or more long), mostly purple, sometimes pale blue, white or pink. The fruit is a capsule containing numerous small seeds.

Rapunzel
"Rapunzel" (/rəˈpʌnzəl/ rə-PUN-zəl; German: [ʁaˈpʊnt͡sl̩] ⓘ; French: Raiponce or Persinette) is a German fairy tale most notably recorded by the Brothers Grimm and it was published in 1812 as part of Children's and Household Tales (KHM 12). The Grimms' story was developed from the French literary fairy tale of Persinette by Charlotte-Rose de Caumont de La Force (1698), which itself is an alternative version of the Italian fairy tale Petrosinella by Giambattista Basile (1634).

The tale is classified as Aarne–Thompson type 310 ("The Maiden in The Tower"). Its plot has been used and parodied in various media. Its best known line is, "Rapunzel, Rapunzel, let down your hair."
Vinylshakerz
Vinylshakerz (also known as Vanguard prior to 2005) are a German tech/electro house act, formed in 2004 by Rico Bernasconi and Mike Red, and best known for the 2005 remix of the Murray Head hit "One Night in Bangkok". The producers have also remixed material for other artists, like Wham!, George Michael, Bon Jovi, Toto, My Mine, Boney M, and many more, mainly for dance compilation CDs.

Murray Head
Murray Seafield St George Head (born 5 March 1946) is an English actor and singer. Head has appeared in a number of films, including a starring role as the character Bob Elkin in the BAFTA award winning and Oscar-nominated 1971 film Sunday Bloody Sunday. As a musician, he is most recognised for his international hit songs "Superstar" (from the 1970 rock opera Jesus Christ Superstar) and "One Night in Bangkok" (the 1984 single from the musical Chess, which topped the charts in various countries). He has been involved in several projects since the 1960s and continues to record music, perform concerts, and make appearances on television either as himself or as a character actor.
Vasant Sathe
Vasant Purushottam Sathe (5 March 1925 – 23 September 2011) was an Indian politician of the Indian National Congress party. He was a lawyer by training and became a parliamentarian in 1972 and a cabinet minister during the 1980s. He was a socialist and came to prominence in the congress after Indira Gandhi split the party for a second time in 1978. He was also known for his tenure as Union Minister of Information and Broadcasting when he initiated the process which led to Indian television moving into colour broadcasting for the Asian Games 1982 and Hum Log the first colour Indian soap-opera.

Nashik
Nashik, formerly Nasik, is a city in the northern region of the Indian state of Maharashtra situated on the banks of the river Godavari, about 165 km (103 mi) northeast of the state capital Mumbai.

Nashik is one of the Hindu pilgrimage sites of the Kumbh Mela, which is held every 12 years.

According to the Ramayana, Nashik is where Lakshmana cut off the nose of the demoness Shurpanakha on the banks of the Godavari River. It is also called Panchavati.
It was known as "Gulshanabad" during the Mughal period.
Augustus Gardner Means
Augustus Gardner Means (June 8, 1925 – April 18, 1994) was an American businessman and politician who served as a member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives and the Massachusetts Governor's Council. He was also the Republican nominee for Massachusetts State Treasurer in 1954 and Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts in 1960.

Treasurer and Receiver-General of Massachusetts
The treasurer and receiver-general of Massachusetts is an elected constitutional officer in the executive branch of the U.S. state of Massachusetts. Originally appointed under authority of the English Crown pursuant to the Charter of the Massachusetts Bay Company, the office of treasurer and receiver-general (commonly called the "state treasurer") became an elective one in 1780. Sixty-one individuals have occupied the office of state treasurer over the ensuing centuries. The incumbent is Deb Goldberg, a Democrat who took office January 21, 2015.
PRES
PRES can be short for:

Pôle de recherche et d'enseignement supérieur

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome

Pregnenolone sulfate (more commonly called PregS)

PRES, Glossing abbreviation for present tense

Pôle de recherche et d'enseignement supérieur
French university associations known as "pôles de recherche et d'enseignement supérieur" (PRES; English: centers for research and higher education) were a form of higher-level organization for universities and other institutions established by French law in effect from 2007 to 2013. The 2013 Law on Higher Education and Research (France) discontinued the PRES; these have been largely replaced by the new Communities of Universities and Institutions (French translation abbreviated COMUE). The list below indicates the status of those institutions designated as PRES or related associations before the 2013 law took effect. See the list of public universities in France for the current status of these institutions.
Akademikerförbundet SSR
Akademikerförbundet SSR (SSR derived from the original organisation "Sveriges Samhällsvetares/Socionomers Riksförbund")  (in English 'The Union for Professionals') is the Swedish association for university graduates in public administration, social science, political science, behavioral science, human resource management or social work. The union organizes more than 81,000 members in both the public and private sectors. The organisation consists of more than 300 local and regional organisations with one national office based in Stockholm.

An updated code of ethics published in 2006 stressed the union's commitment to "ethical traits of character". The union is critical of the political mismanagement of Sweden's social insurance system and has launched campaigns to reform the system.  The union also takes the position that those who work in social services have extremely heavy workloads and as a result of poor working conditions, the quality of service is reduced.

Welfare in Sweden
Social welfare in Sweden is made up of several organizations and systems dealing with welfare. It is mostly funded by taxes, and executed by the public sector on all levels of government as well as private organizations. It can be separated into three parts falling under three different ministries.  Social welfare is the responsibility of the Ministry of Health and Social Affairs.  Education is the responsibility of the Ministry of Education and Research.  The labour market is the responsibility of the Ministry of Employment.
Liffey Sound FM
Liffey Sound FM is an Irish not-for-profit community radio that broadcasts to the suburban town of Lucan, County Dublin, and its surrounding areas on the frequency 96.4 MHz. The station is operated by Liffey Sound Communications Co-Operative Society Limited and holds a sound broadcasting contract from the Broadcasting Authority of Ireland. Liffey Sound FM is also a member of CRAOL, the Community Radio Forum of Ireland.

Broadcasting Authority of Ireland
The Broadcasting Authority of Ireland (BAI; Irish: Údarás Craolacháin na hÉireann) is a former broadcasting authority which regulated both public and commercial broadcasting sector in Ireland.

It was established in 2009, effectively replacing the  Broadcasting Commission of Ireland (BCI) (Irish: Coimisiún Craolacháin na hÉireann). It was dissolved in 2023 and its staff and functions were transferred to a new body entitled Coimisiún na Meán.
Weil restriction
In mathematics, restriction of scalars (also known as "Weil restriction") is a functor which, for any finite extension of fields L/k and any algebraic variety X over L, produces another variety ResL/kX, defined over k. It is useful for reducing questions about varieties over large fields to questions about more complicated varieties over smaller fields.

Field extension
In mathematics, particularly in algebra, a field extension is a pair of fields , such that the operations of K are those of L restricted to K. In this case, L is an extension field of K and K is a subfield of L. For example, under the usual notions of addition and multiplication, the complex numbers are an extension field of the real numbers; the real numbers are a subfield of the complex numbers.

Field extensions are fundamental in algebraic number theory, and in the study of polynomial roots through Galois theory, and are widely used in algebraic geometry.
Milica Kacin Wohinz
Milica Kacin Wohinz (née Brezigar; 12 October 1930 – 29 December 2021) was a Slovenian historian best known for her seminal study on the history of the forceful Italianization of the Slovene minority in Italy (1920–1947) that took place between 1918 and 1943.

Slovene Littoral
Littoral

Carniola: 2a Upper, 2b Inner, 2c Lower

Carinthia

Styria

Prekmurje

The Slovene Littoral, or simply Littoral (Slovene: Primorska, pronounced [pɾiˈmóːɾska] ⓘ; Italian: Litorale; German: Küstenland), is one of the traditional regions of Slovenia. The littoral in its name – for a coastal-adjacent area – recalls the former Austrian Littoral (Avstrijsko Primorje), the Habsburg possessions on the upper Adriatic coast, of which the Slovene Littoral was part. Today, the Littoral is often associated with the Slovenian ethnic territory that, in the first half of the 20th century, found itself in Italy to the west of the Rapallo Border, which separated a quarter of Slovenes from the rest of the nation, and was strongly influenced by Italian fascism.