hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lap Engine
The Lap Engine is a beam engine designed by James Watt, built by Boulton and Watt in 1788. It is now preserved at the Science Museum, London.

It is important as both an early example of a beam engine by Boulton and Watt, and also mainly as illustrating an important innovative step in their development for its ability to produce rotary motion.

The engines name comes from its use in Matthew Boulton's Soho Manufactory, where it was used to drive a line of 43 polishing or lapping machines, used for the production of buttons and buckles.

Soho Manufactory
The Soho Manufactory (grid reference SP051890) was an early factory which pioneered mass production on the assembly line principle, in Soho, Birmingham, England, at the beginning of the Industrial Revolution. It operated from 1766–1848 and was demolished in 1853.
Australia on the Map
Australia on the Map is the history and heritage division of the Australasian Hydrographic Society. It seeks to enhance Australians’ knowledge, understanding and appreciation of the nation's early history, beginning in 1606 with the voyages of Willem Janszoon in the Duyfken and Luis Váez de Torres in Los Tres Reyes and San Pedro, and continuing to the present.

Willem Janszoon
Willem Janszoon (Dutch: [ˈʋɪləm ˈjɑnszoːn]; c. 1570 – c. 1630) was a Dutch navigator and colonial governor. He served in the Dutch East Indies in the periods 1603–1611 and 1612–1616, including as governor of Fort Henricus on the island of Solor. During his voyage of 1605–1606, Janszoon and his crew became the first Europeans known to have seen and landed on the coast of Australia.

His name is sometimes abbreviated to Willem Jansz, as was customary at his time, but "always pronounced in full and generally still is in the Netherlands where this bit of common knowledge is taught at school." However, the abbreviation Jansz is not the same as the now more predominant unabbreviated but identical Jansz that is a petrified form of Janszoon.
Ravenna Bridge
The Ravenna Bridge is a 58-metre (190 ft) high and 225-metre (738 ft) long railway viaduct on the Höllental Railway line in the Black Forest, in Breitnau, Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. The bridge crosses the Ravenna Gorge that ends in the upper Höllental valley, and has a grade of 12 metres (39 ft). The origin of the name most likely comes from the French ravin for gorge.

Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald
Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald (French: Arrondissement de Brisgau-Haute-Forêt-Noire) is a Landkreis (district) in the southwest of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Fifty towns and municipalities with 133 settlements lie within the district. The district itself belongs to the region of Freiburg with the region of Southern Upper Rhine.

The municipal offices are in the city of Freiburg im Breisgau which is almost entirely surrounded by Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald, but is independent of it. In addition, the council has three satellite offices in Müllheim, Titisee-Neustadt and Breisach am Rhein.
John Edwin Chisholm
John Edwin Chisholm (July 6, 1882 – 1964) was a lawyer and political figure in Saskatchewan. He represented Moose Jaw County from 1916 to 1917 as a Conservative.

He was born in Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, the son of John Chisholm and Christina Isabella Graham, both of Scottish descent. He was educated in Dartmouth, at the Halifax County Academy and at Dalhousie University, receiving a LL.B. in 1906. Later that year, he travelled west to Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, where he set up practice. Chisholm also owned and operated a large farm. In 1915, he married Edith Simington. Chisholm was elected to the provincial assembly in a 1916 by-election held after John Albert Sheppard resigned his seat. He was defeated by Charles Avery Dunning when he ran for reelection to the provincial assembly in 1917.

Dartmouth, Nova Scotia
Dartmouth (/ˈdɑːrtməθ/ DART-məth) is a built-up community of the Halifax Regional Municipality, Nova Scotia, Canada. Located on the eastern shore of Halifax Harbour, Dartmouth has 72,139 residents as of 2021.
Electoral district of West Swan
West Swan is an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of Western Australia. It is located in the north-eastern suburbs of Perth.

West Swan was considered a safe Labor seat at its creation, but after a redistribution prior to the 2017 state election became notionally Liberal. After its creation prior to the 2008 election, ABC electoral commentator Antony Green calculated a theoretical margin of 10.6% favouring Labor Party over the Liberal Party in two party preferred terms. Rita Saffioti won the seat in 2008, holding it again with a margin of 1.9 points after the 2013 election. A redistribution in 2015 saw the seat with a notional 0.9 point Liberal margin, however Saffioti retained the seat at the 2017 election which saw a large swing to Labor.

Western Australian Legislative Assembly
The Western Australian Legislative Assembly, or lower house, is one of the two chambers of the Parliament of Western Australia, an Australian state. The Parliament sits in Parliament House in the Western Australian capital, Perth.

The Legislative Assembly today has 59 members, elected for four-year terms from single-member electoral districts.  Members are elected using the preferential voting system. As with all other Australian states and territories, voting is compulsory for all Australian citizens over the legal voting age of 18.
Owen Sound station
The Owen Sound Railway Station in Owen Sound, Ontario, is a former Canadian Pacific Railway station. The current structure is a Designated Heritage Railway Station built in International Style between 1946 and 1947. The station is located in the port area of the city of Owen Sound, between the docks and the railway tracks.

Owen Sound
Owen Sound (2021 Census population 21,612) is a city in Southwestern Ontario, Canada. The seat of government of Grey County, it is located at the mouths of the Pottawatomi and Sydenham Rivers on an inlet of Georgian Bay.

The primary tourist attractions are the many waterfalls within a short drive of the town.
Bremenium
Bremenium (High Rochester) is an ancient Roman fort (castrum) located at Rochester, Northumberland, England. The fort is part of the defensive system built along the extension of Dere Street, a Roman road running from York to Corbridge and onwards to Melrose. Significantly the fort is a long way north of Hadrian's Wall. It was one of the last forts north of Hadrian's Wall to remain occupied until the 270s.

The fort's name, Bremenium, is mentioned in the Ravenna Cosmography, the Antonine Itinerary and Ptolemy's Geographia.

A separate Roman road ran eastwards from Bremenium to the Roman fort at Learchild, where it joined up with the Devil's Causeway Roman road to Berwick upon Tweed.

Antonine Itinerary
The Antonine Itinerary (Latin: Itinerarium Antonini Augusti, "Itinerary of the Emperor Antoninus") is an itinerarium, a register of the stations and distances along various roads. Seemingly based on official documents, possibly in part from a survey carried out under Augustus, it describes the roads of the Roman Empire. Owing to the scarcity of other extant records of this type, it is a valuable historical record.
Härsbacka mine
Härsbacka mine (Swedish: Härsbacka gruva) is a quartz and feldspar mine. It was once Sweden's foremost quartz mine. The mine was closed in 1946. The quartz and feldspar mined in Härsbacka are the main constituent of a large pegmatite dyke. This pegmatite dyke dips about 60 to 70° to the southeast and has a maximum thickness of 37 m. While quartz and feldspar are mostly mixed, pure zones of either occur. Most feldspar is pink microclineperthite and much lesser amounts are white oligoclase. There are lesser quantities of biotite, garnet, molybdenite and fluorite. About 230,000 tons of quartz have been mined in total from Härsbacka mine.

In 1947 the mine was bought by Statens Vattenfallverk to turn it into an oil storage depot and it functioned as such until 1985 when it was emptied. Since 1997 the mine is fully flooded by groundwater. In 2021 the Geological Survey of Sweden was tasked with investigating contaminants in the mine.

Dike (geology)
In geology, a dike or dyke is a sheet of rock that is formed in a fracture of a pre-existing rock body. Dikes can be either magmatic or sedimentary in origin. Magmatic dikes form when magma flows into a crack then solidifies as a sheet intrusion, either cutting across layers of rock or through a contiguous mass of rock. Clastic dikes are formed when sediment fills a pre-existing crack.
Holdfast Bay railway line
The Holdfast Bay railway line was a railway in western Adelaide, built in 1880 to compete with the Adelaide, Glenelg & Suburban Railway Company. The line started at the Adelaide railway station, on the northern edge of the central business district, and proceeded to the northern edge of Mile End, South Australia immediately to the west of the city. From there the line headed south-west to the seaside suburb of Glenelg.

Today, much of the corridor in which the line ran remains as a rail trail for cyclists, which is known as the Westside Bikeway. Part of the north section of the corridor has been built over as James Congdon Drive. A platform remains on the site of Plympton station near Marion Road in the suburb of Plympton. The line was closed in 1929, after which remnants remained for some time, including rails across Marion Road in the 1950s. A signal from the line was preserved and put in the main pavilion of the National Railway Museum, Port Adelaide.

Marion Road
Marion Road is a north–south arterial road through the western suburbs of Adelaide, South Australia, named after its traversal through the suburb of Marion and the local government area of City of Marion. It is designated part of route A14.
Frances Tustin
Frances Tustin (born Frances Daisy Vickers; 1913) was a pioneering British child psychotherapist renowned for her work with children with autism in the 1950s.  She became a teacher and began studying psychoanalysis in 1943 at the University of London.

Following the war, in 1950 she began the child psychotherapy training headed by the psychoanalyst Esther Bick in the children's department of  London's Tavistock Clinic, which was chaired by the pioneer in child development John Bowlby.

John Bowlby
Edward John Mostyn Bowlby (/ˈboʊlbi/; 26 February 1907 – 2 September 1990) was a British psychiatrist and psychoanalyst, notable for his interest in child development and for his pioneering work in attachment theory. Bowlby was inspired by Melanie Klein during his psychoanalytic training. Melanie Klein was his supervisor; however, they had different views about the role of the mother in the treatment of a three-year-old boy. Specifically and importantly, Klein stressed the role of the child's fantasies about his mother, but Bowlby emphasised the actual history of the relationship. A Review of General Psychology survey, published in 2002, ranked Bowlby as the 49th most cited psychologist of the 20th century.
Haydain Neale
Haydain Neale (September 3, 1970 – November 22, 2009) was a Canadian singer-songwriter from Hamilton, Ontario. He was best known as the lead singer of the band jacksoul. Neale also served on the faculty of the Humber College Summer Songwriting Workshop and as president of the Songwriters Association of Canada.

He starred in the commissioned jazz opera Québécité by George Elliot Clarke, which debuted at the Guelph Jazz Festival in 2003.  Neale played Ovide Rimbaud, a Haitian-Québécois architect.

Songwriters Association of Canada
The Songwriters Association of Canada (SAC) is a Canadian organization dedicated exclusively to Canadian composers, lyricists and songwriters. Their mission is to develop and protect the creative and business environments for songwriters in Canada and around the world.
Egemen, Tarsus
Egemen (formerly: Çayboyu) is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Tarsus, Mersin Province, Turkey. Its population is 550 (2022). It is situated in Çukurova (Cilicia of the antiquity). The Mediterranean Sea coast is 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) to the south of Egemen and Berdan River is 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) to the east. The distance to Tarsus is 23 kilometres (14 mi) and the distance to Mersin is 45 kilometres (28 mi). Situated in the fertile plains, farming is the major economic activity. Cotton and green house vegetables are the main crops. The village suffers from frequent floods from the Berdan River.

Berdan River
The Berdan (also Baradān or Baradā), the ancient Cydnus (Ancient Greek: Κύδνος, romanized: Kúdnos), is a river in Mersin Province, south Turkey. The historical city of Tarsus is on the river and it is therefore sometimes called the Tarsus River. Originally the watercourse passed directly through the city, but the section in Tarsus was changed to its present course in the 6th century. The river is also the location of Tarsus Waterfall.
Al-Nahda Club (Saudi Arabia)
Al Nahda (Arabic: نادي النهضة) is a Saudi football club based in the city of Dammam, Eastern province. Established in 1949, they currently play in the Saudi First Division, which is the second tier of the Saudi football league system.

In the 2007–08 season, under the lead of the Croatian coach Dragan Talajić, Al Nahda played the finals of the Prince Faisal Cup, being the first team from the Saudi Second League to play in the final.

Saudi football league system
The tables below show the current makeup of the Saudi Arabian Football League system. The Saudi Pro League sits at the top of the pyramid and currently three teams get promoted/relegated between the Pro League and the First Division League.

There is also a Second Division League which currently features two groups of sixteen teams were clubs are promoted between this level and the First Division.

SAFF announcement a newly created fourth division officially named is Third Division League from 2021, the league features four groups of eight teams were clubs are promoted between this level and the Second Division.

The Saudi Arabian Football Federation announced the launch of new versions of women's football competitions by introducing the Saudi Women's Premier League and Saudi Women's First Division League.
Basilica of San Prudencio de Armentia
The Basilica of San Prudencio de Armentia (Spanish: Basílica de San Prudencio de Armentia; Basque: Armentiako San Prudentzioren basilika) is a basilica located in Armentia, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Basque Country, Spain. It was built in the 12th-century in Romanesque style. The basilica lies on the Camino de Santiago.

Originally dedicated to Saint Andrew, it was refurbished in 1776, destroying part of its original structure, although the apse and other isolated elements such were retained. The last mayor works in the basilica took place after the partial collapse of the vault in 1961. Despite the 1776 reform, it is considered one of the most important examples of medieval art in Álava. It was declared Bien de Interés Cultural in 1931 and Basque Cultural Heritage in 2012.

Armentia
Armentia is one of the villages associated with Vitoria-Gasteiz. Its name comes from the Latin word armentum, which translated into English means "intensive farming". The village is well known for its 161 hectare park created in 1998. The northern boundary of the village is formed by the Ariznavarra neighborhood.
Amelanchier nantucketensis
Amelanchier nantucketensis, also known as the Nantucket serviceberry or the Nantucket shadbush, produces edible fruit called pomes. Nantucket serviceberry is of conservation concern in the wild. Its distribution extends from Nantucket and Martha's Vineyard to Long Island and Staten Island. There are scattered occurrences in Maryland, Virginia, Maine, and Nova Scotia.

This shrub grows 2 to 5 feet tall. It forms colonies by extending stolons. It produces cream-colored flowers and blue fruits. The plant grows in dry, sandy, sunny habitat, including pine barrens and grasslands.

The plant is common on Nantucket.

Pome
In botany, a pome is a type of fruit produced by flowering plants in the subtribe Malinae of the family Rosaceae. Pomes consist of a central 'core' containing multiple small seeds, which is enveloped by a tough membrane and surrounded by an edible layer of flesh. Pome fruit trees are deciduous, and undergo a dormant winter period that requires cold temperatures to break dormancy in spring. Well-known pomes include the apple, pear, and quince.
Billy Walik
Billy Walik (born November 8, 1947) is a former gridiron football wide receiver and return specialist who played in the National Football League (NFL), the World Football League (WFL) and the Canadian Football League (CFL). He played college football at Villanova.

Return specialist
A return specialist, subcategorized as kick or punt returners, is a player on the special teams unit of a gridiron football team who specializes in returning kickoffs and punts. There are few players who are exclusively return specialists; most also play another position such as wide receiver, cornerback, or running back. The special teams counterpart of a return specialist is a kicking specialist.

According to All-American Venric Mark, "Returning punts is harder. You have to judge the ball more, you have to know when to fair catch and when not to. You can't be a superhero and try to catch everything. With kickoff returns, you catch the ball and—boom—you're going."
Soundview, Bronx
Soundview is a neighborhood on the Clason Point peninsula, on the southern section of the borough of the Bronx in New York City. Its boundaries, starting from the north and moving clockwise, are the Cross Bronx Expressway to the north, White Plains Road to the east, Lacombe Avenue to the south, and the Bronx River to the west. The Bruckner Expressway bisects the neighborhood horizontally along the center and the Bronx River Parkway runs north to south. Soundview Avenue is the primary thoroughfare through Soundview.

Simpson Street station
The Simpson Street station is a local station on the IRT White Plains Road Line of the New York City Subway. Located at the intersection of Simpson Street and Westchester Avenue in the Longwood neighborhood of the Bronx, it is served by the 2 train at all times, and the 5 train at all times except late nights and rush hours in the peak direction.
Consumer movement
The  consumer movement is an effort to promote consumer protection through an organized social movement, which is in many places led by consumer organizations. It advocates for the rights of consumers, especially when those rights are actively breached by the actions of corporations, governments, and other organizations that provide products and services to consumers.
Consumer movements also commonly advocate for increased health and safety standards, honest information about products in advertising, and consumer representation in political bodies.

Stuart Chase
Stuart Chase (March 8, 1888 – November 16, 1985) was an American economist, social theorist, and writer. His writings included topics as diverse as general semantics and physical economy. His thought was influenced by Henry George (1839–1897), by economic philosopher Thorstein Veblen (1857–1929), by Fabian socialism, and briefly by the Communist social and educational experiments in the Soviet Union to around 1930, though Chase was broadly a modern American liberal.

Chase spent his early political career endorsing "a wide range of reform causes: the single tax, women's suffrage, birth control and socialism." Chase's early books, The Tragedy of Waste (1925) and Your Money's Worth (1927), were notable for their criticism of corporate advertising and their advocacy of consumer protection.  
In 1929 Chase co-founded Consumers' Research, a consumer protection advocacy organization.
Transport in Kiribati
Transport in Kiribati is limited by the country's geography as a widely dispersed island nation in the central Pacific Ocean. The transport system consists primarily of short road networks on major atolls, domestic and international air services, and coastal and inter-island sea transport. There are no railways, and most travel between islands relies on ships or aircraft, with Tarawa and Kiritimati serving as the main transport hubs.

Ship
A ship  is a large watercraft designed for travel across the surface of a body of water, carrying cargo or passengers, or in support of specialized tasks such as warfare, oceanography and fishing. Ships are generally distinguished from boats, based on size, shape, load capacity and purpose. Ships have supported exploration, trade, warfare, migration, colonization, and science. Ship transport is responsible for the largest portion of world commerce.

The word ship has meant, depending on era and context, either simply a large vessel or specifically a full-rigged ship with three or more masts, each of which is square rigged.

The earliest historical evidence of boats is found in Egypt during the 4th millennium BC. In 2024, ships had a global cargo capacity of 2.4 billion tons, with the three largest classes being ships carrying dry bulk (43%), oil tankers (28%) and container ships (14%).
Reebok Zig
Reebok Zig is an athletic footwear technology and collection of shoes designed by Reebok. ZigTech debuted in January 2010 and was first introduced with the ZigPulse later that year. ZigTech includes a zigzag foam sole that is designed to push athletes forward. The design assists in energy return to the wearer by absorbing impact at the heel and dispersing the energy through the zigzag composition which propels the athlete forward and also reduces stress on the shins. Reebok has released various styles of ZigTech designs that are compatible across a variety of sports.

John Wall
Johnathan Hildred Wall Jr. (born September 6, 1990) is an American former professional basketball player who played 11 seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA), most notably with the Washington Wizards.

A Raleigh, North Carolina, native, Wall was chosen with the first overall pick of the 2010 NBA draft by the Wizards after playing one year of college basketball for the Kentucky Wildcats. Wall, who played the point guard position, was a five-time NBA All-Star from 2014 to 2018 and was named to the All-NBA Team in 2017. However, he experienced multiple injuries in 2019 and missed more than two years of basketball before being traded to the Houston Rockets in December 2020. After two seasons with the Rockets, he joined the Clippers via free agency before being dealt back to the Rockets, with which he reached a buyout in February 2023.