hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Workhorse W56
The Workhorse W56 is a line of class 5 and 6 commercial battery electric vehicles designed and built by Workhorse Group starting in 2023, succeeding the firm's earlier C-Series. It is available with a step van body with a nominal 1,000 cu ft (28 m3) of cargo volume, intended for last mile delivery, or as a stripped chassis or chassis cab configuration intended for completion by coachbuilders with custom bodies.

Last mile (transportation)
In supply chain management and transportation planning, the last mile or last kilometer is the last leg of a journey that comprises the movement of passengers and goods from a transportation hub to a final destination. The concept of "last mile" was adopted from the telecommunications industry, which faced difficulty connecting individual homes to the main telecommunications network. Similarly, in supply chain management, the last mile describes the logistical challenges at the last phase of transportation getting people and packages from hubs to their final destinations.

Last-mile delivery is an increasingly studied field as the number of business-to-consumer (b2c) deliveries grow, especially from e-commerce companies in freight transportation, and ride-sharing companies in personal transportation. Some challenges of last-mile delivery include minimizing cost, ensuring transparency, increasing efficiency, and improving infrastructure.
Bulgarian nationality law
Bulgarian nationality law is governed by the Constitution of Bulgaria (article 25 and 26) of 1991 and the citizenship law of 1999 (with changes made in various years through to 2009).

It is mainly based on jus sanguinis; however, it is possible to obtain citizenship after 5 years of residence in Bulgaria. Naturalisation is available on the basis of residence in certain types of status; marriage or on the basis of origin or at the discretion of the government of Bulgaria to persons of merit. The Bulgarian Ministry of Justice is in charge of processing citizenship applications.

Every Bulgarian citizen is also a citizen of the European Union.

Constitution of Bulgaria
The Constitution of the Republic of Bulgaria is the supreme and basic law of the Republic of Bulgaria. The current constitution was adopted on 12 July 1991 by the 7th Grand National Assembly of Bulgaria, and defines the country as a unitary parliamentary republic. It has been amended six times (in 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2015 and 2023).

Chronologically, it is the fourth constitution of Bulgaria, the first being the Tarnovo Constitution of 1879. It was immediately preceded by the two Socialist-era constitutions–the Dimitrov Constitution (named after Georgi Dimitrov), in force between 1947 and 1971, and the Zhivkov Constitution (named after Todor Zhivkov), in force between 1971 and 1991.
Battle of Toulouse (439)
The Battle of Toulouse was fought between the Visigoths and the Western Roman Empire in 439. Having previously defeated the Visigoths at Narbonne, the Roman general Litorius led his largely Hunnic army against Toulouse, the capital of the Visigothic Kingdom. During the siege, the Visigothic king Theodoric I attacked the Roman camp and inflicted heavy casualties. Litorius was captured and executed. Since the Visigoths also suffered heavy losses, Theodoric made peace with the Roman governor Avitus.

Theodoric I
Theodoric I (Gothic: Þiudarīks; Latin: Theodericus; c. 390 or 393 – 20 or 24 June 451) was the king of the Visigoths from 418 to 451. Theodoric is famous for his part in stopping Attila the Hun at the Battle of the Catalaunian Plains in 451, where he was killed.
2004 Tropicana 400
The 2004 Tropicana 400 presented by Meijer was the 18th stock car race of the 2004 NASCAR Nextel Cup Series season and the 4th iteration of the event. The race was held on Sunday, July 11, 2004, before a crowd of 80,000 in Joliet, Illinois, at Chicagoland Speedway, a 1.5 miles (2.41 km) tri-oval speedway. The race took the scheduled 267 laps to complete. At race's end, Tony Stewart of Joe Gibbs Racing would win a controversial race, after an altercation with Evernham Motorsports driver Kasey Kahne left owner Ray Evernham accusing Stewart of numerous occasions of reckless driving and stating that "He needs to get suspended, and he should have his ass beat." The win was Stewart's 18th career NASCAR Nextel Cup Series win and his first of the season. To fill out the podium, Jimmie Johnson of Hendrick Motorsports finished 2nd and Dale Jarrett of Robert Yates Racing finished 3rd.

Dale Jarrett
Dale Arnold Jarrett (born November 26, 1956) is an American former race car driver and current racing commentator for NBC. He is best known for winning the Daytona 500 three times (in 1993, 1996, and 2000) and winning the NASCAR Winston Cup Series championship in 1999. He is the son of 2-time Grand National Champion Ned Jarrett, younger brother of Glenn Jarrett, father of former driver Jason Jarrett, and cousin of Todd Jarrett. In 2007, Jarrett joined the ESPN/ABC broadcasting team as an announcer in select Nationwide Series races. In 2008, after retiring from driving following the 2008 Food City 500, he joined ESPN permanently as the lead racing analyst replacing Rusty Wallace. In 2015, Jarrett became a part of the NBC Sports Broadcasting Crew for NASCAR events. He was inducted in the 2014 class of the NASCAR Hall of Fame and the Motorsports Hall of Fame of America in 2025.
6-2-0
In the Whyte notation, a 6-2-0 is a railroad steam locomotive that has an unpowered three-axle leading truck followed by a single powered driving axle.  This wheel arrangement is associated with the Crampton locomotive type, and in the USA the single class were sometimes referred to as Cramptons.

Other equivalent classifications are:

UIC classification: 3A (also known as German classification and Italian classification)

French classification: 310

Turkish classification: 14

Swiss classification: 1/4

Swiss locomotive and railcar classification
For more than a century, the Swiss locomotive, multiple unit, motor coach and railcar classification system, in either its original or updated forms, has been used to name and classify the rolling stock operated on the railways of Switzerland.  It started out as a uniform system for the classification and naming of all rolling stock, powered and unpowered, but had been replaced and amended by the UIC classification of goods wagons.
Yosyf Milyan
Yosyf Milyan, MSU (also Romanized as Josyf Milan, Ukrainian: Йосиф Мілян; born 6 July 1956) is the titular bishop of Drusiliana and the auxiliary bishop of the Archeparchy of Kyiv of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church.

Cathedral of the Resurrection of Christ, Kyiv
The Cathedral of the Resurrection of Christ (Ukrainian: Патріа́рший собо́р Воскресі́ння Христо́вого УГКЦ, romanized: Patriarshyi sobor Voskresinnia Khrystovoho UHKTs) is the main cathedral of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church, located in Kyiv, the capital of Ukraine. The church was opened on March 27, 2011. While the locally used term "patriarchal" reflects Ukrainian Greek Catholic desire to have their major archbishop recognized as a "patriarch," the Catholic Church does not officially regard this sui iuris church as a "patriarchate".
Boswellia socotrana
Boswellia socotrana is a species of plant in the Burseraceae family. It is endemic to Socotra, Yemen.  Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests and subtropical or tropical dry shrubland.

Socotra
Socotra, locally known as Saqatri, is a Yemeni island in the Indian Ocean. It is situated between the Gulf of Aden, the Guardafui Channel and the Arabian Sea, and lies near major shipping routes. The largest of the six islands in the Socotra archipelago, it comprises around 95% of the landmass of the archipelago. It lies 380 kilometres (205 nautical miles) south of the Arabian Peninsula and 232 km (125 nmi) east of the Horn of Africa. The inhabitants of the island are called Socotrans, and they speak Arabic and Soqotri.

Socotra is home to a high number of unique species that are endemic. Up to a third of its plant life is unique. Due to the island's unusual geography, it has been described as "the most alien-looking place on Earth". The island measures 132 km (82 mi) in length and 42 km (26 mi) across at its widest. In 2008, Socotra was recognised as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Laurent Wetzel
Laurent Wetzel (16 January 1950 – 12 October 2021) was a French academic, politician, and essayist. A member of the Centre of Social Democrats (CDS) and the Miscellaneous right (DVD), he served as mayor of Sartrouville from 1989 to 1995 and General Councilor of the Canton of Sartrouville from 1985 to 1998.

Miscellaneous right
Miscellaneous right (Divers droite, DVD) in France refers to centre-right or right-wing candidates who are not members of any large party.  This can include members of small right-wing parties, dissidents expelled from their party for running against their party's candidate, or candidates who were never formal members of a party.  Numerous divers droite candidates are elected at both local and national levels.
Casaccia, Graubünden
Casaccia is a village located in the Val Bregaglia, in the Swiss canton of Graubünden. It lies at an altitude of 1,458 metres above sea level, at the southern foot of Piz Lunghin. The village belongs to the municipality of Bregaglia.

Bregaglia
Bregaglia  (Italian and Romansh: Bregagliaⓘ) is a municipality in the Maloja Region in the canton of Grisons in Switzerland. It was formed by the 2010 merger of the municipalities of Bondo, Castasegna, Soglio, Stampa and Vicosoprano, all located in the Val Bregaglia.

Bregaglia is the only Italian-speaking municipality in Switzerland in which the majority of the population is Protestant.
Temple of Matidia
The Temple of Matidia was a Roman temple on the Campus Martius in ancient Rome dedicated to Salonia Matidia, who was deified after her death in 119 by her son-in-law Hadrian. He began construction immediately after her deification, choosing a site near the Pantheon and the Saepta Julia, both of which he restored or rebuilt. A lead water pipe inscribed 'templo matidiae' ('from the temple of Matidia') was found near Sant'Ignazio, which may indicate the temple's location. After Hadrian died and was deified, his own temple was built next to that of Matidia.

Saepta Julia
The Saepta Julia was a building in the Campus Martius of Rome, where citizens gathered to cast votes. The building was conceived by Julius Caesar and dedicated by Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa in 26 BC. The building replaced an older structure, called the Ovile, built as a place for the comitia tributa to gather to cast votes. The Saepta Julia can be seen on the Forma Urbis Romae, a map of the city of Rome as it existed in the early 3rd century AD. Part of the original wall of the Saepta Julia can still be seen right next to the Pantheon.
Dean Kramer
Dean Kramer (born April 29, 1952, Philadelphia) is an American pianist and a professor emeritus of piano at the University of Oregon.

Kramer studied music at the Oberlin Conservatory of Music (student of Joseph Schwartz) and the University of Texas (student of John Perry), and also performed in masterclasses in France for Leon Fleisher. He also studied with Gina Bachauer and performed for Arthur Rubinstein in Alice Tully Hall, New York. Kramer was one of the few pianists to have studied with Vladimir Horowitz. In 1972, Kramer was awarded first place at the Washington International Piano Competition, D.C. Three years later, in 1975, he won the first national Chopin competition in Miami, and then won fifth place in the IX International Chopin Piano Competition in Warsaw.

IX International Chopin Piano Competition
The IX International Chopin Piano Competition (Polish: IX Międzynarodowy Konkurs Pianistyczny im. Fryderyka Chopina) was held from 6 to 29 October 1975 in Warsaw. The competition was won by Krystian Zimerman of Poland, the youngest winner to that date at the age of 18.
Vermilion Point
Vermilion Point is a remote, undeveloped shore in Chippewa County, Michigan, United States.  Located 9.75 miles (15.69 km) west of Whitefish Point, Michigan, this historic spot lies on a stretch of Lake Superior’s southeast coast known as the "Graveyard of the Great Lakes" or the "Shipwreck Coast".  The servicemen of Vermilion Lifesaving Station performed daring rescues of shipwrecks from 1877 until 1944 when it was closed after modern navigational technology made this service obsolete.

Vermilion Point was a popular stopover for Native Americans, early travelers, and explorers.  Early settlers used its bogs and marshes to grow cranberries that were shipped to Chicago, Illinois, and Duluth, Minnesota.  Today it is protected as a nature preserve for study of avian ecology and research of the piping plover and beach plant community succession.

Chippewa County, Michigan
Chippewa County (/ˈtʃɪpəwɑː/ CHIH-pə-wah) is a county in the eastern Upper Peninsula of the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, the population was 36,785. The county seat is Sault Ste. Marie. The county is named for the Ojibwe (Chippewa) people, and was set off and organized in 1826. Chippewa County comprises the Sault Ste. Marie, MI micropolitan statistical area. With shorelines on Lake Huron and Lake Superior, Chippewa County is one of two U.S. counties to contain shorelines on two Great Lakes, the other being neighboring Mackinac County. The county's irregular shape follows the Canadian border, itself following the St. Marys River. Drummond Island is part of Chippewa County.
Lindbergh operation
The Lindbergh operation was a complete tele-surgical operation carried out by a team of French surgeons located in New York on a patient in Strasbourg, France (over a distance of several thousand miles) using telecommunications solutions based on high-speed services and sophisticated Zeus surgical robot. The operation was performed successfully on September 7, 2001 by Professor Jacques Marescaux and his team from the IRCAD (Institute for Research into Cancer of the Digestive System). This was the first time in medical history that a technical solution proved capable of reducing the time delay inherent to long distance transmissions sufficiently to make this type of procedure possible. The name was derived from the American aviator Charles Lindbergh, because he was the first person to fly solo across the Atlantic Ocean.

Intuitive Surgical
Intuitive Surgical, Inc. is an American biotechnology company that develops, manufactures, and markets robotic products designed to improve clinical outcomes of patients through minimally invasive surgery, most notably with the da Vinci Surgical System.  The company is part of the Nasdaq-100, S&P 100 and S&P 500. As of 31 December 2021, Intuitive Surgical had an installed base of 6,730 da Vinci Surgical Systems, including 4,139 in the U.S., 1,199 in Europe, 1,050 in Asia, and 342 in the rest of the world.

Intuitive Surgical first appeared on the Fortune 500 in 2024 at number 497; in 2025 the company rose to number 459 overall and ranked 43rd within the healthcare sector.
Aura Urziceanu
Aura Urziceanu (born Bucharest, 14 December 1946), also known as Aura, is a Romanian pop star who was famous in the 1970s and 1980s. In America she had performed as Urziceanu-Rully and Aura Rully.

She has toured and performed with artists such as Bill Evans, Duke Ellington, Ella Fitzgerald, Ahmad Jamal, Hank Jones, Thad Jones, Dizzy Gillespie, Quincy Jones, Paul Desmond, Joe Pass and Mel Lewis.

Joe Pass
Joe Pass (born Joseph Anthony Jacobi Passalacqua; January 13, 1929 – May 23, 1994) was an American jazz guitarist. Pass recorded and performed live with pianist Oscar Peterson, composer Duke Ellington, and vocalist Ella Fitzgerald, and he is generally esteemed as one of the most notable jazz guitarists of the 20th century for his solo guitar playing, found on recordings such as Virtuoso.
Rann of Kutch Wildlife Sanctuary
The Rann of Kutch Wildlife Sanctuary is the largest Ramsar site in Sindh, covering 566,375 ha (1,399,540 acres), and is located in the Rann of Kutch in Badin District, Sindh, Pakistan. In 1980, declared as a wildlife sanctuary by the Government of Sindh, the Rann of Kutch covers the most Ramsar site area as compared to that of any other of the ten Ramsar sites in Sindh province of Pakistan.

Cenchrus
Cenchrus is a widespread genus of plants in the grass family, native to tropical and warm temperate regions of the world. Its species are native to many countries in Asia, Africa, Australia, the Americas, and various oceanic islands.

Common names include buffelgrasses, sandburs, and sand spur. Such names allude to the sharp, spine-covered burrs characterizing the inflorescences of the members of the genus. Those previously classified as Pennisetum /ˌpɛnɪˈsiːtəm/ are known commonly as fountaingrasses (fountain grasses).
Centre for Agricultural Research in Suriname
The Centre for Agricultural Research in Suriname or CELOS is an agricultural and forestry research institute established in Suriname in 1967. It was originally part of Wageningen University and Research. It is affiliated with the Anton de Kom University of Suriname (ADEK) and its Department of Agriculture of the Faculty of Technology.

The research institute conducts research into Agriculture and Animal Science, Forestry, Wood Technology, Tissue culture, Soil Science, Biodiversity, Agronomy, Agro forestry, GIS and Remote Sensing (NARENA), Aquaculture and Fish Ecology. It is known for the CELOS Management System (CMS) and its research into sustainable forest management.

Agronomy
Agronomy is the science and technology of producing and using plants by agriculture for food, fuel, fiber, chemicals, recreation, or land conservation. Agronomy has come to include research of plant genetics, plant physiology, meteorology, and soil science. It is the application of a combination of sciences such as biology, chemistry, economics, ecology, earth science, and genetics. Professionals in the field are known as agronomists.
Montevideo Uruguay Temple
The Montevideo Uruguay Temple is a temple of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Montevideo, Uruguay. The intent to build the temple was announced in a letter to local church leaders by the First Presidency on November 2, 1998. A groundbreaking ceremony, to signify the beginning of construction, was held on April 27, 1999, conducted by Richard G. Scott of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles. The temple has a single spire with a statue of the angel Moroni on the top. Designed by architect Edvardo Signorelli in a classic modern style, the temple's exterior has asa branca granite. After construction was completed, nearly 25,000 people toured the temple during a public open house prior to its dedication, including Uruguay's president, Jorge Batlle. The temple was dedicated on March 18, 2001, by church president Gordon B. Hinckley.

Church News
The Church News (formerly LDS Church News) is a multi-platform supplement and subdivision of the Deseret News, a Salt Lake City, Utah newspaper owned by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). It is published daily online, and weekly as tabloid-sized. Deseret News also provides the news site Of Good Report (now only in social media and formerly Mormon Times). It is the only LDS Church publication entirely devoted to news coverage of church.
Xylosteus spinolae
Xylosteus spinolae is the species of the Lepturinae subfamily in long-horned beetle family. This beetle is distributed in Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Italy, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovenia, and Turkey. Adult beetle feeds on flowers of common filbert, and common beech.

Corylus avellana
Corylus avellana, the common hazel, is a species of flowering plant in the birch family Betulaceae. The shrubs usually grow 3–8 metres (10–26 feet) tall. The nut is round, in contrast to the longer filbert nut. Common hazel is native to Europe and Western Asia.

The species is mainly cultivated for its nuts. The name 'hazelnut' applies to the nuts of any species in the genus Corylus, but in commercial contexts usually describes C. avellana. This hazelnut or cob nut, the kernel of the seed, is edible and used raw, roasted, or ground into a paste. Historically, the shrub was an important component of the hedgerows used as field boundaries in lowland England. The wood was grown as coppice, with the poles used for wattle-and-daub building and agricultural fencing.
Tim Rose (American football)
Tim Rose (born October 14, 1941) is an American college football coach and former player. He is the defensive coordinator and linebackers coach for Ashland University, positions he has held since 2009. Rose served as the head football coach at Miami University from 1983 to 1989, compiling a record of 31–44–3. He has over 35 years of experience as a defensive coordinator at the college level including stints at Miami, the University of Memphis, the University of Cincinnati, the University of Minnesota, Boston College, East Carolina University, Eastern Michigan University, Louisiana Tech University and the University of Toledo.

University of Memphis
The University of Memphis (Memphis) is a public research university in Memphis, Tennessee, United States. Founded in 1912, the university has an enrollment of more than 20,000 students.

The university maintains the Herff College of Engineering, the Center for Earthquake Research and Information (CERI), the Cecil C. Humphreys School of Law, the School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, the former Lambuth University campus in Jackson, Tennessee (now a branch campus of the University of Memphis), the Loewenberg College of Nursing, the School of Public Health, the College of Communication and Fine Arts, the FedEx Institute of Technology, the Advanced Distributed Learning Workforce Co-Lab, and the Institute of Egyptian Art and Archaeology. The University of Memphis is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very High research activity".
2014 Tianjin Health Industry Park
The 2014 Tianjin Health Industry Park was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the first edition of the tournament and part of the 2014 ATP Challenger Tour and 2014 ITF Women's Circuit, offering a total of $50,000+H (ATP) and $25,000 (ITF) in prize money. It took place in Tianjin, China, the men's event took place from 16 to 22 June 2014 while the women's event took place from 19 to 25 May 2014.

2014 ITF Women's Circuit
The 2014 ITF Women's Circuit is the 2014 edition of the second tier tour for women's professional tennis. It is organised by the International Tennis Federation and is a tier below the WTA Tour. The ITF Women's Circuit includes tournaments with prize money ranging from $10,000 up to $100,000.
Pipethiaden
Pipethiaden is a benzothiepin-based drug candidate that was at one time studied as a potential preventive to reduce the frequency of recurrent migraine headaches. It also has some activity as an antihistamine and is also an antagonist at the 5-HT2A and 5HT2C receptors.

Synthesis: Review:

5-HT2C receptor
The 5-HT2C receptor is a subtype of the 5-HT2 receptor that binds the endogenous neurotransmitter serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT). Like all 5-HT2 receptors, it is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that is coupled to Gq/G11 and mediates excitatory neurotransmission. HTR2C denotes the human gene encoding for the receptor, that in humans is located on the X chromosome. As males have one copy of the gene and females have one of the two copies of the gene repressed, polymorphisms at this receptor can affect the two sexes to differing extent.