hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Moses ben Abraham of Pontoise
Moses ben Abraham of Pontoise (12th century) was a French tosafist.

Moses was a disciple of Jacob Tam. In Tam's Sefer haYashar, a number of problems of Talmudic interpretation are posed to him by Moses. They became a standard part of the tosafot. In one, it is learned that Moses' brother let a convert live in his house and later partnered with him in business. Later tosafists also cite Moses in their commentaries on the Torah. Samson of Sens cites his commentary on the Mishnah. In the 16th century, Hayim ben Bezalel claimed to have a copy of this work. Moses also wrote liturgical poems. One, only two-lines long, is preserved in the Azharot of Elijah ben Menahem HaZaken.

Tosafot
The Tosafot, Tosafos or Tosfot (Hebrew: תוספות) are medieval commentaries on the Talmud. They take the form of critical and explanatory glosses, printed, in almost all Talmud editions, on the outer margin and opposite Rashi's notes.

The authors of the Tosafot are known as Tosafists; for a listing (see List of Tosafists.)
Game (hunting)
Game or quarry are wild animals which are hunted for animal products (primarily meat), for recreation ("sporting"), or for trophies. The species of animals hunted as game varies in different parts of the world and by different local jurisdictions, though most are terrestrial mammals and birds. Fish caught non-commercially (recreational fishing) are also referred to as game fish.

Recreation
Recreation is an activity of leisure, leisure being discretionary time. The "need to do something for recreation" is an essential element of human biology and psychology. Recreational activities are often done for enjoyment, amusement, or pleasure and are considered to be "fun".
Nick FitzGibbon
Nick FitzGibbon (born April 25, 1987) is a Canadian former professional football running back who played for the Winnipeg Blue Bombers of the Canadian Football League. He was signed as an undrafted free agent by the Blue Bombers on September 27, 2011. He played CIS Football with the Guelph Gryphons.

Guelph Gryphons
The Guelph Gryphons are the athletic teams that represent the University of Guelph in Guelph, Ontario, Canada. The university's varsity teams compete in the Ontario University Athletics conference of the U Sports (OUA's), and, where applicable, in the west division. The university teams are often referred to as the Gryphs, which is short for the school's mascot, Gryph, the gryphon.
Kožul
Kožul is a Serbo-Croatian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Deni Kožul (born 1997), Slovene table tennis player

Vladimir Kožul (born 1975), Serbian footballer

Zdenko Kožul (born 1966), Croatian chess grandmaster

Vladimir Kožul
Vladimir Kožul (Serbian Cyrillic: Владимир Кожул; born 2 June 1975) is a Serbian retired footballer.

Kožul played as defender with NK Mura and NK Nafta Lendava in the Slovenian PrvaLiga, Maccabi Netanya in Israel, and Dunaújváros FC in Hungary.
Camp Olímpic de Tir amb Arc
The Camp Olímpic de Tir amb Arc (English: Olympic Archery Field) was a temporary venue located in Barcelona. It hosted the archery competitions for the 1992 Summer Olympics. It was located in a site at the Ronda de Dalt, next to the Pavelló de la Vall d'Hebron, in the Barcelona district of Horta-Guinardó.

After the Olympics, it was remodelled into Ciutat Esportiva Municipal Vall d'Hebron-Teixonera (English: Vall d'Hebrón-Teixonera Municipal Sports City), which consists of two football (soccer) fields, a rugby field and an annexe service area.

Horta-Guinardó
Horta-Guinardó (Catalan pronunciation: [ˈɔɾtə ɣinəɾˈðo]) is the name of one of the districts of Barcelona, located in its North-Eastern corner. It is named after two very heterogeneous areas of the city, Horta and El Guinardó, which together cover a large area of 11.92 km2, amounting to 11.9% of the total area of the city.

A former municipality that eventually became part of the city in the late 19th century, it is bordered by five out of ten districts of Barcelona (Gràcia, Nou Barris, Eixample, Sant Andreu and Sant Martí), and by two other municipalities of the metropolitan area (Sant Cugat and Cerdanyola del Vallès). It underwent a rapid urbanisation process from the 1950s.
Cherokee history
Cherokee history is the written and oral lore, traditions, and historical record maintained by the living Cherokee people and their ancestors. In the 21st century, leaders of the Cherokee people define themselves as those persons enrolled in one of the three federally recognized Cherokee tribes: The Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians, The Cherokee Nation, and The United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians.

The first live predominantly in North Carolina, the traditional heartland of the people; the latter two tribes are based in what is now Oklahoma, and was Indian Territory when their ancestors were forcibly relocated there from the Southeast. The Cherokee people have extensive written records, including detailed genealogical records, preserved in the Cherokee language which is written with the Cherokee syllabary, and also in the English language.

Dragging Canoe
Dragging Canoe (ᏥᏳ ᎦᏅᏏᏂ, pronounced Tsiyu Gansini, c. 1738 – February 29, 1792) was a Cherokee red (or war) chief who led a band of Cherokee warriors who resisted colonists and United States settlers in the Upper South. During the American Revolution and afterward, Dragging Canoe's forces were sometimes joined by Upper Muskogee, Chickasaw, Shawnee, and Native Americans from other tribes, along with British Loyalists, and agents of France and Spain. The Cherokee American Wars lasted more than a decade after the end of the American Revolutionary War.

During that time, Dragging Canoe became the preeminent war leader among the Native Americans of the southeastern United States. He served as war chief, or skiagusta, of the group known as the Chickamauga Cherokee (or "Lower Cherokee"), from 1777 until his death in 1792.
2025 FIM Motocross World Championship
The 2025 FIM Motocross World Championship was the 69th FIM Motocross World Championship season.

In the MXGP class, Jorge Prado won his fourth world title in the 2024 season, however, he did not defend his title due to his move to compete in the America-based SuperMotocross World Championship series. Frenchman Romain Febvre ended the season as world champion in the MXGP class, winning his second title ten years after his first. Alongside this achievement, the championship was the first for a Kawasaki rider in the premier class.

The reigning MX2 world champion, Kay de Wolf, was not able to defend the maiden title he won in the previous season. Simon Längenfelder took his first title in the category, finishing ahead of de Wolf by 9 points in the final standings.

Kawasaki Heavy Industries
Kawasaki Heavy Industries Ltd. (KHI) (川崎重工業株式会社, Kawasaki Jūkōgyō Kabushiki-gaisha) is a Japanese public multinational corporation manufacturer of motorcycles, engines, heavy equipment, aerospace and defense equipment, rolling stock and ships, headquartered in Minato, Tokyo, Japan. It is also active in the production of industrial robots, gas turbines, pumps, boilers and other industrial products. The company is named after its founder, Shōzō Kawasaki. KHI is known as one of the three major heavy industrial manufacturers of Japan, alongside Mitsubishi Heavy Industries and IHI. Prior to the Second World War, KHI was part of the Kobe Kawasaki zaibatsu, which included Kawasaki Steel and Kawasaki Kisen. After the conflict, KHI became part of the DKB Group (keiretsu).
WQAB
WQAB was a Public Radio-formatted broadcast radio station licensed to Philippi, West Virginia, serving the Philippi/Grafton area.

WQAB signed on in 1975 as the student radio station of Alderson-Broaddus College; in its last incarnation it had an adult contemporary format. West Virginia Public Broadcasting purchased WQAB from the college for $30,000 in February 2017 and converted it to a repeater of its statewide network.

WQAB's license was surrendered to the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and cancelled on June 4, 2019.

West Virginia Public Broadcasting
West Virginia Public Broadcasting (WVPB) is the public television and radio state network serving the U.S. state of West Virginia. It is owned by the West Virginia Public Broadcasting Authority, an agency of the state government that holds the licenses for all Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) and National Public Radio (NPR) member stations licensed in West Virginia. It is headquartered in Charleston with studios in Morgantown and Beckley.

On January 1, 2015, West Virginia PBS and West Virginia Public Radio merged their brands, branding exclusively as "West Virginia Public Broadcasting" across radio and television.
David Kilgour
David William Kilgour PC (February 18, 1941 – April 5, 2022) was a Canadian human rights activist, author, lawyer, and politician. He also served as a senior fellow to the Raoul Wallenberg Centre for Human Rights.

Kilgour earned a degree in economics from the University of Manitoba in 1962 and a law degree from the University of Toronto in 1966. His career spanned roles from a crown attorney in northern Alberta to Canadian Cabinet minister. He concluded his 27-year tenure in the House of Commons of Canada as an independent MP. Upon retirement, he was one of the longest-serving members of parliament and one of the few who had been elected under both the Progressive Conservative and Liberal banners.

Raoul Wallenberg Centre for Human Rights
The Raoul Wallenberg Centre for Human Rights (RWCHR) is a Canadian non-governmental organization and lobbying group focused on issues of human rights. The RWCHR's name is inspired by Raoul Wallenberg.

Based in Montreal, the RWCHR has advised policies in Canada and Europe. Their advocacy aligns closely with the foreign policy of the United States. A large part of their work is in lobbying for  "Magnitsky-style" economic sanctions on non-aligned countries in the Global South, and training groups in other countries to advocate for them.

The RWCHR was founded by human rights lawyer and former Canadian Minister of Justice Irwin Cotler in 2015. The first Raoul Wallenberg All-Party Parliamentary Caucus for Human Rights was launched in Canada in 2017.
Hotel Nikko Kaohsiung
Hotel Nikko Kaohsiung (Chinese: 高雄日航酒店; pinyin: Gāoxióng Rìháng Jiǔdiàn) is a five star hotel located in Cianjhen District, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. The hotel opened in November 2024. Hotel Nikko Kaohsiung is the third property of Okura Nikko Hotels to open in Taiwan, following the opening of Hotel Royal Nikko Taipei (1984) and The Okura Prestige Taipei (2012).

Cianjhen District
22°36′02″N 120°18′53″E﻿ / ﻿22.60062°N 120.314785°E﻿ / 22.60062; 120.314785

Cianjhen District (Chinese: 前鎭區; Hanyu Pinyin: qiánzhèn qū; Tongyong Pinyin: Ciánjhèn Cyu; Wade–Giles: Ch'ien2-chên4 Ch'ü1) is a district in Kaohsiung City, Taiwan. It covers an area of 19.1207 km2 (7.3825 sq mi) and is subdivided into 59 villages. The district has a population is 180,097, as of October 2023. It is the fifth-most populated district in Kaohsiung, with a population density of 9,457 people per square kilometer, or 24,494 people per square mile.
Microsoft Talisman
Talisman was a Microsoft project to build a new 3D graphics architecture based on quickly compositing 2D "sub-images" onto the screen, an adaptation of tiled rendering. In theory, this approach would dramatically reduce the amount of memory bandwidth required for 3D games and thereby lead to lower-cost graphics accelerators. The project took place during the introduction of the first high-performance 3D accelerators, and these quickly surpassed Talisman in both performance and price. No Talisman-based systems were ever released commercially, and the project was eventually cancelled in the late 1990s.

Memory bandwidth
Memory bandwidth is the rate at which data can be read from or stored into a semiconductor memory by a processor.  Memory bandwidth is usually expressed in units of bytes/second, though this can vary for systems with natural data sizes that are not a multiple of the commonly used 8-bit bytes.

Memory bandwidth that is advertised for a given memory or system is usually the maximum theoretical bandwidth.  In practice the observed memory bandwidth will be less than (and is guaranteed not to exceed) the advertised bandwidth.  A variety of computer benchmarks exist to measure sustained memory bandwidth using a variety of access patterns. These are intended to provide insight into the memory bandwidth that a system should sustain on various classes of real applications.
Rafael Spinola
Rafael Spínola (1866 – 4 October 1901 in Guatemala City) was a writer, journalist, politician and public speaker from Guatemala.  Director of the well known cultura magazine La Ilustración Guatemalteca in 1896 and 1897, was Secretary of Infrastructure in Manuel Estrada Cabrera first presidential term. He also created the "Fiestas Minervalias", which were a celebration to the studious youth and the president Estrada Cabrera rule. He was also the one that signed the treaty granting the American company "The Central American Improvement Co. Inc." to finish the Northern Railroad, which had been left unfinished after president José María Reina Barrios assassination on 8 February 1898- which would be the stepping stone for the operations of the United Fruit Company in Guatemala. He was the father of Guatemalan poetesse Magdalena Spínola (1896–1991).

Federico Gamboa
Federico Gamboa Iglesias (22 December 1864 – 15 August 1939) was a writer and diplomat from Mexico. He has been considered as one of the top representatives of Naturalism in México. Gamboa wrote novels, theater pieces, articles for newspapers and magazines and an autobiography when he was 28 years old. For many years he took notes of his travels, experiences and thoughts, which he later published as five diaries.  Posthumously another two volumes of his diaries were published.
Joe Diffie discography
Joe Diffie was an American country music artist. His discography comprises 12 studio albums, six compilation albums and 38 singles. Among his albums, 1993's Honky Tonk Attitude and 1994's Third Rock from the Sun are his best-selling, having been certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) for shipments of one million copies. His singles include five Number Ones on the Hot Country Songs charts: "Home" (his debut single), as well as "If the Devil Danced (In Empty Pockets)", "Third Rock from the Sun", "Pickup Man" and "Bigger Than the Beatles".

Third Rock from the Sun
Third Rock from the Sun is the fourth studio album by American country music artist Joe Diffie. Diffie's breakthrough album, the first five tracks were all released as singles, and all charted on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) charts. Of these five singles, "Pickup Man" and the title track were both Number One hits, "So Help Me Girl" reached #2, "I'm in Love with a Capital 'U'" reached #21, and "That Road Not Taken" peaked at #40. "Pickup Man" was also Diffie's longest-lasting number one, having held that position for four weeks.
Timothy Killeen (politician)
Timothy Killeen (10 May 1923 – 2 March 1993) was an Irish Fianna Fáil politician. A company secretary, Killeen stood at the 1969 and 1973 general elections but was first elected to Dáil Éireann as a Teachta Dála (TD) for the Dublin Artane constituency at the 1977 general election. Following constituency revisions, Killeen contested the 1981 general election for the Dublin North-West constituency but was defeated. He failed to be elected at the February 1982 and November 1982 general elections.

February 1982 Irish general election
The February 1982 Irish general election to the 23rd Dáil was held on Thursday, 18 February, three weeks after the dissolution of the 22nd Dáil on 27 January by President Patrick Hillery on the request of Taoiseach Garret FitzGerald on the defeat of the government's budget. The general election took place in 41 Dáil constituencies throughout Ireland for 166 seats in Dáil Éireann, the house of representatives of the Oireachtas.

The 23rd Dáil met at Leinster House on 9 March to nominate the Taoiseach for appointment by the president and to approve the appointment of a new government of Ireland. Charles Haughey was appointed Taoiseach, forming the 18th government of Ireland, a minority single-party Fianna Fáil government.
Carl Evans
Carl Evans (born 16 August 1990 in Auckland) is a New Zealand sailor who represented New Zealand at the 2008 Summer Olympics.

Evans attended Green Bay High School and sailed for the Kohimarama Yacht Club.

He made his international sailing debut in the 2003 North American Optimist championships. In 2006 he won the Tanner Cup, sailing a P-class sailing dinghy.

Evans later competed in the 420 class and partnered Peter Burling. In 2006 they won the 420 World Championships in Spain. They defended their title in 2007 in Auckland.

In 2008, they competed in the Beijing Olympics where they placed 11 out of 29 teams.

Tanner Cup
The Tanner Cup is a New Zealand youth inter-provincial sailing competition. One under 17 year old sailor from each region competes in P Class yachts.

The competition is named after George Tanner, who donated the trophy, and was first sailed in 1945. Many of New Zealand's top sailors have competed in and won the Tanner Cup, including Russell Coutts, Dean Barker, Adam Minoprio and Jo Aleh.

The national open P Class competition for the Tauranga Cup is normally sailed at the same venue.
Transport in Białystok
This is a sub-article to Białystok

Białystok is, and has been for centuries, the main hub of transportation for the Podlaskie Voivodeship and the entire northeastern section of Poland. It is a major city on the European Union roadways (Via Baltica) and railways (Rail Baltica) to the Baltic Republics and Finland. It is also a main gateway of trade with Belarus due to its proximity to the border and its current and longstanding relationship with Hrodno, Belarus. Passenger trains do connect from Suwałki, Hrodno and Lithuania to Warsaw and the rest of the European passenger network. An extensive public transportation system is provided within the city by three bus services, but no tram or subway exists.

A civil airport, Białystok-Krywlany Airport, lies within the city limits, but does not provide regularly scheduled service.

Ełk
Ełk (Polish pronunciation: [ɛwk] ⓘ; German: Lyck) is a city in northeastern Poland with 61,677 inhabitants as of December 2021. It is the seat of Ełk County in the Warmian–Masurian Voivodeship. It lies on the shore of Ełk Lake, which was formed by a glacier, and is surrounded by extensive forests. It is the largest city of Masuria.

The town was founded by the Teutonic Order and settled by Poles in the late 14th century and received town rights in 1445. In the 16th century, it became a leading center for Polish printing and education in Masuria. Ełk is historically considered the capital of Masuria.

Today Ełk is an important rail and road junction and food industry hub in north-eastern Poland, and the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Ełk. One of the principal attractions in the area is legal hunting.
Louderback
Louderback is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

AJ Louderback, American politician

David S. Louderback (1851–1911), American politician

George Louderback (1874–1957), American geologist

Harold Louderback (1881–1941), American judge

Jim Louderback (born 1961), American businessman

Tom Louderback (1933–2020), American football player

Tom Louderback
Thomas Franklin Louderback Jr.  ( March 5, 1933  - December 8, 2020) was an American professional football linebacker in the National Football League (NFL) for the Philadelphia Eagles.  He also played in the American Football League (AFL) for the Oakland Raiders and Buffalo Bills.  Louderback played college football at San José State University and was drafted in the tenth round of the 1955 NFL draft by the Washington Redskins.
Natalya Akilova
Natalya Akilova (born (1993-05-31)31 May 1993) is a Kazakhstani volleyball player. She is a member of the Kazakhstan women's national volleyball team and played for Zhetyssu in 2011. 
She was part of the Kazakhstani national team at the 2011 FIVB World Grand Prix in Italy. 2014 FIVB World Grand Prix, 2017 FIVB World Grand Prix, and 2018 Asian Games.

2017 FIVB Volleyball World Grand Prix
The 2017 FIVB Volleyball World Grand Prix was the 25th edition of the annual women's international volleyball tournament played by 32 teams between 7 July and 6 August. The Group 1 Final Round was held in Nanjing, China.

Defending champions Brazil won their record twelfth title in the tournament after a 3–2 win over Italy. Serbia captured their third bronze medal in the competition by defeating China in a rematch of the previous year's Olympic final. Natália Pereira from Brazil was elected the MVP for the second straight year.

In the Group 2 finals held in Ostrava, Czech Republic, Poland defeated South Korea in straight sets.

Moreover, Hungary finished atop of Group 3 at their first-ever World Grand Prix participation after a 3–0 win over the home team in the final match in Canberra, Australia.
Gianni Minervini (producer)
Gianni Minervini (26 October 1928 – 4 February 2020) was an Italian television and film producer.

Born in Naples, Minervini was the son of the journalist  Roberto Minervini. In 1976, he co-founded with the brothers Antonio and Pupi Avati the production company A.M.A. Film. The Avati brothers left the company in late 1983, leaving the sole Minervini leading the company alone.

Minervini won three David di Donatello Awards for best producer, in 1982, 1984 and 1990. He also won a Nastro d'Argento in 1984 for the production of Where's Picone?.

David di Donatello
The David di Donatello Awards, named after Donatello's David, a symbolic statue of the Italian Renaissance, are film awards given out each year by the Accademia del Cinema Italiano (the Academy of Italian Cinema). There are 26 award categories, as of 2023. The industry-voted awards are considered the Italian equivalent of the American Academy Awards.
Emmy Lopes Dias
Emmy Lopes Dias (4 August 1919, in Hilversum – 28 March 2005, in Laren) was a Dutch actress and activist who performed on stage, radio, and television. She was a well-known advocate for the right to die.

Right to die
The right to die is a concept rooted in the belief that individuals have the autonomy to make fundamental decisions about their own lives, including the choice to commit suicide or undergo voluntary euthanasia, central to the broader notion of health freedom. This right is often associated with cases involving terminal illnesses or incurable pain, where assisted suicide provides an option for individuals to exercise control over their suffering and dignity.

The debate surrounding the right to die frequently centers on the question of whether this decision should rest solely with the individual or involve external authorities, highlighting broader tensions between personal freedom and societal or legal restrictions.

Religious views on the matter vary significantly, with some traditions such as Hinduism (Prayopavesa) and Jainism (Santhara) permitting non-violent forms of voluntary death, while others, including Catholicism, Islam and Judaism, consider suicide a moral transgression.