hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Indian heat wave
Indian heat wave can refer to a number of major heat waves that have occurred in India:

2002 Indian heat wave, major heat wave concentrated in Andhra Pradesh

2007 Asian heat wave, heat wave in India and other Asian countries

2015 Indian heat wave, heat wave which impacted most of the country

2016 Indian heat wave, heat wave in India impacting 330 million people

2019 India–Pakistan heat wave, heat wave in India and Pakistan

2022 India–Pakistan heat wave, heat wave in India and neighboring countries

2023 Asia heat wave, heat wave in India and other Asian countries

2024 Indian heat wave, heat wave in India

2025 India–Pakistan heat wave, severe heatwave in India and Pakistan

2016 Indian heat wave
The 2016 Indian heat wave was a major heat wave in April and May of that year. A national record high temperature of 51.0 °C (123.8 °F) was set in the town of Phalodi, in the state of Rajasthan. Over 1,100 people died with 330 million affected to some degree. There were also water shortages with drought worsening the impact of the heat wave.
2012–13 National T20 Cup
The 2012–13 Faysal Bank T20 Cup was the ninth season of the Faysal Bank T20 Cup in Pakistan, which was held from 1 to 9 December 2012. The winning team received Rs 20 million as prize money while the runners-up received Rs 10 million. This was also the last edition of the tournament , which was replaced with the Pakistan Super League.

Lahore Lions
Lahore Lions (Urdu: لاہور لائنز, Punjabi: لہور لائنز abbreviated as LIO) was a Pakistani franchise cricket team representing the city of Lahore and was one of the 19 teams on the country's domestic cricket. The team was established by Lahore Regional Cricket Association in 2004/05 at Lahore City Cricket Association Ground, one of its two home grounds. Domestically, the team played in the Haier T20 Cup. The team won its first title in 2010 where they defeated Karachi Dolphins by 37 runs at their other home ground, Gaddafi Stadium.
Westruther
Westruther is a village on the B6465, in the Scottish Borders area of Scotland, on the lower slopes of the Lammermuir Hills, in the former Berwickshire. The largest town nearby is Gordon.

Places nearby include Duns, Greenlaw, the Lammermuir Hills, Longformacus and the Watch Water Reservoir.

The ruined kirk dates from 1649 and contains the tombs of the Spottiswoode family. A prominent member of the family was Alicia Ann Spottiswoode a.k.a. Lady John Scott of "Annie Laurie" fame. There is a stained glass window in her honour in the "new" kirk dating from 1834.

Very Rev William Wilson (1808-1888) Moderator of the General Assembly of the 
Free Church of Scotland in 1866 was born and raised in the village.

Westruther was the name of the Spottiswoode family home, taken down between the First and Second World War.

Alicia Ann Spottiswoode
Alicia Ann, Lady John Scott (née Spottiswoode; 24 June 1810 – 12 March 1900) was a Scottish songwriter and composer known chiefly for the tune, "Annie Laurie," to which the words of a 17th-century poet, William Douglas, were set. She was passionate about preserving Scottish heritage, and was the first Lady Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland.
The Five Senses (Ribera)
Allegories of the Five Senses is a series of early-17th-century paintings by the Spanish artist Jusepe de Ribera. One of the series (Hearing) has been lost and is known only through copies.

According to the art historian Giulio Mancini, a contemporary of the artist, their commissioner was Spanish but they were probably produced during Ribera's stay in Rome. Alfonso Pérez Sánchez dates their production to between 1611 and 1615.

Smell(115 cm x 88 cm), private collection

Sight(114 x 89 cm) Franz Mayer Museum, Mexico.

Taste(113.8 cm x 88.3 cm), Wadsworth Atheneum, Hartford, Connecticut.

Touch(116 cm x 88.3 cm), Norton Simon Museum, Pasadena.

Alfonso Pérez Sánchez
Alfonso Emilio Pérez Sánchez (16 June 1935 – 14 August 2010) was a Spanish art historian, specialising in Baroque art. From 1983 to 1991 he was director of the Prado Museum, a period during which he led the museum's modernisation as Spain moved to democracy. He had previously been a sub-director of the Prado from 1972 to 1981.

He was also a member of the Real Academia de la Historia, the Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando and the Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei.
State Intelligence Department
The State Intelligence Department (SID) is the intelligence agency of Maharashtra. The agency's primary function is gathering intelligence, counter-terrorism, Counter-proliferation, and advising Maharashtra policymakers. It is one of the oldest such organization in India. It is headed by the Commissioner of Intelligence.

Maharashtra Legislative Assembly
The Maharashtra Legislative Assembly (ISO: Mahārāṣṭra Vidhānasabhā) is the lower house of the bicameral legislature of Maharashtra state in western India. It consists of 288 members directly elected from single-seat constituencies. The Assembly meets at Vidhan Bhavan in Mumbai, though the winter session is held in Nagpur. Along with the Maharashtra Legislative Council, it constitutes the legislature of Maharashtra. The presiding officer of the Assembly is the Speaker. Members of the Assembly are directly elected by the people of Maharashtra through elections held every five years, unless the Assembly is dissolved earlier. The current Assembly was elected in November 2024.
Johann Georg Haag-Rutenberg
Johann Georg Haag-Rutenberg  (10 October 1830 Frankfurt am Main – 20 November 1879 Frankfurt am Main) was a German entomologist, lawyer and farmer, who was also an authority on the Coleoptera. In zoological names he is mentioned as an author under the name "Haag".

Haag suffered from eye, ear and possible neurological problems and shot himself with a gun.

His Coleoptera collections are kept at the following places -

Melolonthidae 1878 via G. Metzler 1880 at Dt. Ent. Inst. Berlin

Tenebrionidae and various Heteromera ex parte 1880 via Clemens Müller 1903 at Zool. Staatsslg. München

Erotylidae and Languridae 1880 via E. Fleutiaux at Neervoort van de Poll

Coccinellidae, Chrysomelidae, Cetoniidae and duplicate Heteromera 1880 via G. Kraatz 1909 at Dt. Ent. Inst. Berlin

Buprestidae 1880 at F. Baden, 1934 via A. Théry at Mus. Nation. Hist. Nat. Paris

Meloidae 1880 at Mus. Hist. Nat. Belg. Brüssel

Cerambycidae at Witte/Breslau

Tenebrionidae ex parte at Mus. civ. St. nat. Genova

Buprestidae
Buprestidae is a family of beetles known as jewel beetles or metallic wood-boring beetles because of their glossy iridescent colors. Larvae of this family are known as flatheaded borers. The family is among the largest of the beetles, with some 15,500 species known in 775 genera. In addition, almost 100 fossil species have been described.

The larger and more spectacularly colored jewel beetles are highly prized by insect collectors. The elytra of some Buprestidae species have been traditionally used in beetlewing jewellery and decoration in certain countries in Asia, like India, Thailand and Japan.
Belleville Lake
Belleville Lake is a fresh water artificial reservoir located mostly within Wayne County in the U.S. state of Michigan.  A very small portion extends west into Washtenaw County. The lake was created from the construction of the French Landing Dam and Powerhouse along the Huron River in 1925.

Washtenaw County, Michigan
Washtenaw County (/ˈwɔːʃtənɔː/ WAWSH-tə-naw) is a county located in the U.S. state of Michigan. At the 2020 census, the population was 372,258. The county seat and largest city is Ann Arbor. The county was authorized by legislation in 1822 and organized as a county in 1826.
Washtenaw County comprises the Ann Arbor Metropolitan Statistical Area.
The county is home to the University of Michigan, Eastern Michigan University, Washtenaw Community College, and Concordia University Ann Arbor.
Sári Fedák
Sári Fedák (born Sarolta Klára Mária Fedák; 27 September 1879, in Beregszász, Hungary (now Berehove, Ukraine – 5 May 1955, in Budapest, Hungary) was a Hungarian actress and singer, one of the most well-known prima donnas of her time. According to American journalist and non-fiction writer Richard Traubner, Fedák and Sári Petráss remain "the two best-remembered Hungarian female operetta stars of all time".

Prima donna
In opera or commedia dell'arte, a prima donna (Italian: [ˈpriːma ˈdɔnna]; Italian for 'first lady'; pl.: prime donne) is the leading female singer in the company, the person to whom the prime roles would be given.

Prime donne often had grand off-stage personalities and were seen as demanding of their colleagues. Because of this, the term has spread in contemporary usage, from its original usage in opera to referring to anyone behaving in a demanding or temperamental fashion or having an inflated view of oneself.

The prima donna in opera was normally, but not necessarily, a soprano. The corresponding term for the male lead (usually a castrato in the 17th and 18th centuries, later a tenor) is primo uomo.
Mahoning Valley (geographic)
The Mahoning Valley is a geographic valley encompassing Northeast Ohio and a small portion of Western Pennsylvania that drains into the Mahoning River. According to information at the bottom of Page 321 in a publication by the Ohio Secretary of State's Office, the river name comes from an Indian word meaning “at the licks.”

Western Pennsylvania
Western Pennsylvania is a region in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania encompassing the western half of the state. Pittsburgh is the region's principal city, with a metropolitan area population of about 2.4 million people, and serves as its economic and cultural center. Erie, Altoona, and Johnstown are its other metropolitan centers. As of the 2020 census, Western Pennsylvania had a population of 3,753,944.

Although the Commonwealth does not designate Western Pennsylvania as an official region of the state, it has retained a distinct identity since the colonial-era Province of Pennsylvania because of its geographical distance from Philadelphia, the state's first settlement, and because of its topographical separation from eastern Pennsylvania, including the Appalachian Mountains, which characterizes the region. The strong cultural identity of Western Pennsylvania is reinforced by the state supreme court, which convenes in Pittsburgh in addition to Harrisburg and Philadelphia.
Death on the Boat Train
Death on the Boat Train is a 1940 detective novel  by John Rhode, the pen name of the British writer Cecil Street. It is the thirty second in his long-running series of novels featuring Lancelot Priestley, a Golden Age armchair detective. As in most of the later novels much of the detective footwork is done by Inspector Waghorn of Scotland Yard. The construction of the murder setting bears similarities to Death in the Tunnel, written by Street under his other pen name Miles Burton. With its focus on seemingly unbreakable alibis and railway and ship timetables, it is also similar in style to the Inspector French novels of Freeman Wills Crofts.

Golden Age of Detective Fiction
The Golden Age of Detective Fiction was an era of classic murder mystery novels of similar patterns and styles, predominantly in the 1920s and 1930s. While the Golden Age proper is usually taken to refer to works from that period, this type of fiction has been written since at least 1911 and is still being written.

In his history of the detective story, Bloody Murder: From the Detective Story to the Crime Novel, the author Julian Symons heads two chapters devoted to the Golden Age as "the Twenties" and "the Thirties". Symons notes that Philip Van Doren Stern's article, "The Case of the Corpse in the Blind Alley" (1941), "could serve ... as an obituary for the Golden Age." Authors Agatha Christie, Dorothy L. Sayers, Margery Allingham, and Ngaio Marsh have been collectively called the Queens of Crime.
2014 in Swedish football
The 2014 season was the 117th season of competitive football in Sweden. The competitive started with the group stage of Svenska Cupen on 1 March. League competition started late March and early April with Allsvenskan on 30 March, Superettan on 6 April, Damallsvenskan on 13 April and Division 1 on 20 April. Svenska Cupen ended with the final on 18 May. Damallsvenskan ended on 19 October, Allsvenskan and Division 1 ended on 1 November, Superettan one day later on 2 November and lower men's leagues on the weekend before. Qualification play-offs were held after the end of league play with the Allsvenskan and Superettan play-offs being held on 6 and 9 November. Svenska Supercupen was held on 9 November and was contested by the winner of Allsvenskan and Svenska Cupen. Sweden participated in qualifying for the UEFA Euro 2016.

UEFA Euro 2016 qualifying
The UEFA Euro 2016 qualifying tournament was a football competition that was played from September 2014 to November 2015 to determine the 23 UEFA member men's national teams joining the automatically qualified host team France in the UEFA Euro 2016 final tournament.

A total of 53 national teams participated in this qualifying process, with Gibraltar taking part for the first time. The draw took place at the Palais des Congrès Acropolis, Nice, on 23 February 2014.
Unicorn Tales
Unicorn Tales is a series of eight musical short films for young audiences created and directed by Nick De Noia in association with NBC that aired sporadically as television specials as well as 16 mm educational films. Each 23-minute episode, made in 1977 or 1978, tells a modern version of a fairy tale with three songs integral to the story's narratives and themes. Some of the child actors went on to later fame, including Ava Haddad, Alex Paez, Michael Eric Kramer, Tisha Campbell, Marcelino Sanchez, and Trini Alvarado. Most episodes were set in Unicorn City, a lightly fictionalized version of New York City with the same mayor, Abraham Beame, featuring a multicultural cast. A stock company of actors appeared in various episodes, usually in different roles, although characters from The Magic Hat appear in Carnival Circus. A lead actor in one episode may be an extra in others.

Child actor
A child actor or child actress is a child acting on stage, television or in movies. An adult who began their acting career as a child may also be called a child actor or a "former child actor". Closely associated terms include teenage actor or teen actor, which refer to an actor who gained popularity as a teenager.

Many child actors find themselves struggling to adapt as they become adults, mainly due to typecasting. Macaulay Culkin and Lindsay Lohan are two particularly famous child actors who eventually experienced much difficulty with the fame they acquired at an early age. Some child actors have successful acting careers as adults; for example Mickey Rooney, Elizabeth Taylor, Jodie Foster, Christian Bale, Drew Barrymore, Saoirse Ronan. Other child actors have gone on to successful careers in other fields, including director Ron Howard, politicians Lech and Jarosław Kaczyński, James Jebbia, and singer Jenny Lewis.
Justice League Task Force (comics)
Justice League Task Force was an American monthly comic book series published by DC Comics from June 1993 to August 1996; it lasted 37 issues. At the time the Justice League was featured in three separate series: Justice League America, Justice League Europe (JLE) and Justice League Quarterly (JLQ). Justice League Task Force was a spinoff of Justice League Europe, a series which ran from April 1989 to May 1993. Like JLE, this team carried a United Nations charter which sanctioned their activities. The team was called to action by Hannibal Martin, a representative of the U.N. He asked that Martian Manhunter select a "strike team" of fellow Justice League members and to "lead them on a very special mission".

Ray (Ray Terrill)
The Ray (Raymond C. "Ray" Terrill) is a superhero in the DC Comics Universe. He is the second character to use the codename the Ray. Ray Terrill first appeared in The Ray #1 (February 1992), and was created by Jack C. Harris and Joe Quesada.

Ray Terrill appeared in The CW's fourth annual Arrowverse crossover event with Arrow, The Flash, the Legends of Tomorrow, and Supergirl titled "Crisis on Earth-X". He was played by Russell Tovey, who would also voice the character in the CW Seed series Freedom Fighters: The Ray. Tovey returned in a cameo in the crossover event Crisis on Infinite Earths.
Tanjung Surat
Tanjung Surat is a state constituency in Johor, Malaysia, that is represented in the Johor State Legislative Assembly.

The state constituency was first contested in 2004 and is mandated to return a single Assemblyman to the Johor State Legislative Assembly under the first-past-the-post voting system.

Johor State Legislative Assembly
The Johor State Legislative Assembly (Malay: Dewan Negeri Johor) is the unicameral legislature of the Malaysian state of Johor. It is composed of 56 members who are elected from single-member constituencies throughout the state. Elections are held no more than five years apart. Prior to the 2022 state election, elections are always held concurrently with the federal parliament and other state assemblies elections (except Sarawak).

The State Assembly convenes at Sultan Ismail Building in Kota Iskandar, Iskandar Puteri, Johor Bahru.
Prevention of migraine attacks
Preventive (also called prophylactic) treatment of migraine can be an important component of migraine management. The goals of preventive therapy are to reduce the frequency, painfulness, and/or duration of migraine attacks, and to increase the effectiveness of abortive therapy.  Another reason to pursue prevention is to avoid medication overuse headache (MOH), otherwise known as rebound headache, which can arise from overuse of pain medications, and can result in chronic daily headache. Preventive treatments of migraine include medications, nutritional supplements, lifestyle alterations, and surgery. Prevention is recommended in those who have headaches more than two days a week, cannot tolerate the medications used to treat acute attacks, or those with severe attacks that are not easily controlled.

Fremanezumab
Fremanezumab, sold under the brand name Ajovy, is a medication used to prevent migraines. It is given by subcutaneous injection (injection under the skin).

The most common side effect is pain and redness at the site of injection. Other side effects include allergic reactions. It is a calcitonin gene-related peptide antagonist.

It was approved for medical use in the United States in 2018, the European Union in 2019, the United Kingdom in 2020, and Argentina by September 2021.
Mike S. Ryan
Michael S. Ryan is an American film producer. He is most known for producing the indie feature Junebug, starring Amy Adams. He has also made films with Kelly Reichardt, Hal Hartley, Bela Tarr, Todd Solondz, and Rick Alverson.

In 2006, Ryan was nominated for an Independent Spirit Producer of the Year Award and was one of Variety's 2007 “10 Producers to Watch." His works have included Old Joy, Choke, and Palindromes. He began his career as a location manager for Ang Lee and an associate producer for MTV.  Ryan's most recent over-seas project, The Cry of Granuaile, was expected to premiere at the Virgin Media Dublin International Film Festival in March 2022.

Ryan is a member of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. As of 2023, Ryan is an associate professor at Emerson College.

Hal Hartley
Hal Hartley (born November 3, 1959) is an American film director, screenwriter, producer and composer who became a key figure in the American independent film movement of the 1980s and '90s. His films include The Unbelievable Truth (1989), Trust (1990), Simple Men (1992), Amateur (1994) and Henry Fool (1997), which are notable for deadpan humour and offbeat characters quoting philosophical dialogue. Hartley frequently scores his own films, sometimes under the pseudonym Ned Rifle, and his soundtracks regularly feature music by Sonic Youth, Yo La Tengo and PJ Harvey.

His films provided a career launch for a number of actors, including Adrienne Shelly, Edie Falco, James Urbaniak, Martin Donovan, Karen Sillas and Elina Löwensohn.
Foreign relations of Turkmenistan
Turkmenistan's declaration of "permanent neutrality" was formally recognized by the United Nations in 1995. Former President Niyazov stated that the neutrality would prevent Turkmenistan from participating in multi-national defense organizations, but allows military assistance. Its neutral foreign policy has an important place in the country's constitution. Although the Government of Turkmenistan claims to favour trade with and export to the United States, and Turkey, its single largest commercial partner is China, which buys the vast bulk of Turkmen natural gas via the Central Asia–China gas pipeline. Turkmenistan has significant commercial relationships with Russia and Iran and growing cross-border trade with Afghanistan. The Government of Turkmenistan often appears to use the conflicting interests of these regional powers as a means to extract concessions, especially on energy issues.

Central Asia–China gas pipeline
The Central Asia–China gas pipeline (known also as Turkmenistan–China gas pipeline) is a natural gas pipeline system from Central Asia to Xinjiang in the People's Republic of China. By connecting Turkmenistan to China's domestic grid, this pipeline makes it possible to transport gas some 7000 km from Turkmenistan to Shanghai. More than half of Turkmen natural gas exports are delivered to China through the pipeline.
Twilight (Campbell short story)
"Twilight" is a science fiction short story by American author John W. Campbell. It was originally published in 1934 in Astounding Stories and apparently inspired by H. G. Wells' article The Man of the Year Million. In 1970, it was selected as one of the best science fiction short stories published before the creation of the Nebula Awards by the Science Fiction Writers of America. As such, it was published in The Science Fiction Hall of Fame Volume One, 1929–1964.

Set in 1932 in an unnamed small town in the Nevada, the narrator introduces Jim Bendell who recounts his experience with a strange and mysterious hitch-hiker claiming to be a time traveler from the year of 3059 who has traveled far into the future. In seven million years time, machines do everything for human beings, and people eventually lose touch with their human experience and regress both socially and intellectually as a species.  They become apathetic, and the population dwindles toward extinction.

H. G. Wells bibliography
H. G. Wells was a prolific writer of both fiction and non-fiction. His writing career spanned more than sixty years, and his early science fiction novels earned him the title (along with Jules Verne and Hugo Gernsback) of "The Father of Science Fiction".
Stenoptilia lutescens
Stenoptilia lutescens is a moth of the family Pterophoridae. It is found in Spain, France, Switzerland, Italy, Serbia and Montenegro, Albania, and North Macedonia, and on the island of Sardinia.

The length of the forewings is 9–11 mm. Adults are on wing in May.

The larvae feed on Gentiana lutea.

Pterophoridae
The Pterophoridae or plume moths are a family of Lepidoptera with unusually modified wings, giving them the shape of a narrow winged airplane. Though they belong to the Apoditrysia like the larger moths and the butterflies, unlike these they are tiny and were formerly included among the assemblage called "microlepidoptera".