hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
New York City Subway chaining
New York City Subway chaining is a method to precisely specify locations along the New York City Subway lines. It measures distances from a fixed point, called chaining zero, following the twists and turns of the railroad line, so that the distance described is understood to be the "railroad distance," not the distance by the most direct route ("as the crow flies").

The New York City Subway system differs from other railroad chaining systems in that it uses the engineer's chain of 100 feet (30.48 m) rather than the surveyor's chain of 66 feet (20.12 m).

Montague Street Tunnel
The Montague Street Tunnel (/ˈmɒntəɡuː/) is a rail tunnel of the New York City Subway under the East River between the boroughs of Manhattan and Brooklyn, connecting the BMT Broadway Line and BMT Nassau Street Line with the BMT Fourth Avenue Line. The R train uses the tunnel at all times, the N train uses it during late nights, and several W trains in each direction also use the tunnel during rush hours. All of these services use the Broadway Line; the tunnel's connection with the Nassau Street Line has not been used in service since 2010.

The tunnel was constructed as part of the Dual Contracts expansion of the subway system, and opened in 1920. After being heavily damaged by flooding caused by Hurricane Sandy in 2012, it was closed full-time from 2013 to 2014 to be reconstructed.
Central Park, Wallasey
Central Park is located in Wallasey, Merseyside, England. The park was the site of Liscard Hall, which was set ablaze by local vandals on 7 July 2008. The damage to the hall was too severe and the once grand house had to be demolished. The hall was the home of Sir John Tobin, a former Mayor of Liverpool.

The park has football and cricket grounds, play areas, a fishing lake and a pump track. The park is home to a war memorial dedicated to those who lost their lives in the Boer War, in the form of a statue of Britannia.

Lord Mayor of Liverpool
The Lord Mayor of Liverpool is a largely ceremonial civic office of Liverpool City Council. The Lord Mayor is the ‘first citizen’ of Liverpool representing the city and acting as a focal point of community events and is also the presiding officer for the Liverpool City Council Chamber.

The post has existed in one form or another since the foundation of Liverpool as a borough by the Royal Charter of King John in 1207, then simply being referred to as the Mayor of Liverpool. The position is now a largely ceremonial and civic role. It is one of the two Mayor positions that serve Liverpool with the other being the Mayor of the Liverpool City Region a non ceremonial, executive post.

The position of Lord Mayor is always held by a sitting councillor, currently the Lord Mayor of Liverpool is Cllr Barbara Murray, who has held the post since May 2025. The current deputy Lord Mayor is Cllr William Shortall.
The First Berserker: Khazan
The First Berserker: Khazan (Korean: 퍼스트 버서커: 카잔) is a 2025 action role-playing game developed by Neople and published by Nexon. Set in a fictional European-inspired medieval fantasy world, the game takes place within the universe of the Dungeon & Fighter series. Gameplay centers around stamina-based combat, requiring players to strategically manage their stamina to dodge, block, and launch attacks. Players are encouraged to adopt an aggressive approach to prevent enemies from recovering their own stamina. The game features a 3D cel-shaded anime-inspired art style. The deluxe edition of the game was released early on March 24, 2025, which was followed by the regular release on March 27.

Gamer Network
Gamer Network Limited (formerly Eurogamer Network Limited) is a British digital media company based in London. Founded in 1999 by Rupert and Nick Loman, it owns brands—primarily editorial websites—relating to video game journalism and other video game businesses. Its flagship website, Eurogamer, was launched alongside the company. It began hosting the video game trade show EGX in 2008. ReedPop acquired Gamer Network in 2018 and sold it to IGN Entertainment in 2024.
Eduardo Dolhun
Eduardo Peña Dolhun is a family physician in San Francisco, California. He is the inventor of DripDrop, an oral rehydration solution.  Dr. Dolhun is a staff member at the California Pacific Medical Center and founded the Dolhun Clinic, a Dolhun Clinic Pre-Medical Internship Program, and the non-profit organization named Doctors Outreach Clinics. He is an adjunct professor of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences at Marquette University and an adjunct professor of Family Medicine at the Keck School of Medicine of USC. Dolhun was the co-director of Ethnicity and Medicine at Stanford University from 2000-2018.

He has been a member of the American Academy of Family Physicians since 1999. He is also a fellow of the Society for Disaster Medicine and Public Health and holds membership in the San Francisco Medical Society.

American Academy of Family Physicians
The American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP) was founded in 1947 to promote and maintain high-quality standards for family medicine, an offshoot of the classical general practitioner. It is headquartered in Leawood, Kansas.

AAFP is one of the largest medical organizations in the United States, with 128,300 members in 50 U.S. states and territories, in addition to international members. The AAFP was instrumental in establishing family medicine as medicine's 20th primary specialty. The AMA's Council on Medical Education and the independent American Board of Medical Specialties granted approval to a certifying board in family medicine on February 8, 1969.
Parish of Yipunyah
Yipunyah Parish is a Parish of Ularara County in north west New South Wales. It is at 29°58′47″S 143°59′38″E between Milparinka, New South Wales and Wilcannia and west of Wanaaring.

The main economic activity of the parish is agriculture, but the landscape is an arid, treeless scrubland typical of the channel country and population rates are less than 1 person per 160 km². Part of the parish is in the Nocoleche Nature Reserve.

Wanaaring, New South Wales
Wanaaring is a remote outback village in north western New South Wales, Australia. Situated on the Paroo River, some 980 kilometres from Sydney, and 180 km west of Bourke. At the 2021 census, Wanaaring had a population of 81.

Wanaaring is on the "Cut Line" road between the town of Bourke, and the desert village of Tibooburra. Long distance travellers often stop at Wanaaring for meals or to refuel.

Wanaaring is in outback Australia, in remote agricultural country. The grazing lands support cattle, sheep and goats. Honey is also produced. An all-weather air strip is located east of the village centre.
1973 Parramatta by-election
A by-election was held for the Australian House of Representatives seat of Parramatta on 22 September 1973. The by-election was triggered by the resignation of former Liberal Party long-serving Attorney General and Minister for Foreign Affairs, the Honourable (and later Sir) Nigel Bowen who accepted an appointment to the NSW Court of Appeal.

The seat was retained by the Liberal Party, with Philip Ruddock defeating Michael Whelan, who contested the seat for the Labor Party. Ten other candidates from minor parties contested the seat.

This was the first federal election in which eighteen-year-olds were eligible to vote, the voting age having been lowered from twenty-one earlier in the year.

Division of Parramatta
The Division of Parramatta is an Australian electoral division in the state of New South Wales. It was created in 1900 and was one of the original 65 divisions contested at the first federal election. It is based in the western suburbs of Sydney. The current member, since the 2022 federal election, is Andrew Charlton, a member of the Australian Labor Party.

Parramatta is a diverse electorate with large immigrant communities from India and China, and has a higher than average university education rate according to the 2016 census. At the time of the 2022 Australian federal election, 12% of Parramatta's population possessed Chinese ancestry.
Amy Wilson-Hardy
Amy Alexandra Wilson-Hardy (born 13 September 1991) is an English rugby union player. She plays for England's women's fifteens team and competed at the 2017 Women's Rugby World Cup. She also plays for Ealing Trailfinders in the Premiership Women's Rugby competition. Wilson-Hardy has also represented England and Great Britain in international rugby sevens. She competed for Great Britain at the 2016 and 2024 Summer Olympics.

England women's national rugby sevens team
The English women's national rugby sevens team has competed in the Hong Kong Women's Sevens tournaments since 1997. England are also one of six teams announced by the International Rugby Board as "core teams" that competed in all four rounds of the inaugural IRB Women's Sevens World Series in 2012–13. England won the bronze medal at the 2018 Commonwealth Games.

At the 2018 Rugby World Cup Sevens they lost to Ireland in the opening game of the tournament and were knocked out of the Championship Cup. They defeated Japan to win the Challenge Trophy Final and placed ninth overall. England, representing Great Britain, won the 2019 Rugby Europe Women's Sevens, thus qualifying for the 2020 Olympics.
Rat Is Dead (Rage)
"Rat Is Dead (Rage)" is a song from Brazilian band CSS.

It was released on April 28, 2008, as the first single from their second album, Donkey. The song was made available as a free download on the band's official website on April 28, 2008. Adriano Cintra has said that this song, together with "Give Up", are the rockiest songs on the album. The song was later featured on the soundtrack of the 2008 video game Midnight Club: Los Angeles.

Midnight Club: Los Angeles
Midnight Club: Los Angeles is a 2008 racing video game developed by Rockstar San Diego and published by Rockstar Games. It is the fourth installment in the Midnight Club series before it was discontinued in January 2010. The game features 43 (58 with DLC) cars and 3 (plus one additional with DLC) motorcycles. The open world map of Los Angeles is the size of all three cities from Midnight Club 3: DUB Edition combined. After several delays, Midnight Club: Los Angeles was released in October 2008.
2015 Miami Open
The 2015 Miami Open presented by Itaú, also known as 2015 Miami Masters, was a professional men and women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 31st edition of the Miami Masters, and was part of the Masters 1000 category on the 2015 ATP World Tour, and of the Premier Mandatory category on the 2015 WTA Tour. All men and women's events took place at the Tennis Center at Crandon Park in Key Biscayne, Florida, United States, from March 24 through April 5, 2015.

Key Biscayne, Florida
Key Biscayne is a village in Miami-Dade County, Florida, United States. Located on the island of Key Biscayne, the village is part of the Miami metropolitan area of South Florida. The population was 14,809 at the 2020 census, up from 12,344 in 2010.
Local radio
Local radio can refer to:

Community radio

Low-power broadcasting

Pirate radio

In the UK:

BBC Local Radio

Independent Local Radio

In Australia:

ABC Local Radio by the Australian Broadcasting Corporation

ABC Local Radio
ABC Local Radio is a network of publicly owned radio stations in Australia, operated by the Australian Broadcasting Corporation.

ABC Local Radio stations broadcast across the continent using terrestrial transmitters and satellites. Its programming consists of news, current affairs, talkback, entertainment, sport, music and local affairs.  They are usually reckoned as the flagship ABC radio stations in their areas.

Depending on the time of day and the day of the week, programming can either be purely local (typically on weekday mornings), broadcast from the state or territory capital city ABC station, or simulcast across all ABC Local Radio services across the country (typically overnight, public holidays, in the summer months and on weekends).
Shibi station
Shibi Station (Chinese: 石壁站; Jyutping: sek6bik1 zaam6; Cantonese Yale: Sehkbīk Jaahm) is an interchange station between Line 2 and Line 7 of the Guangzhou Metro. The underground station is under Shibi Village (石壁村), Xiebian Highway (谢边公路), Panyu District, Guangzhou. It started operation on 25 September 2010.

Line 2 (Guangzhou Metro)
Line 2 of the Guangzhou Metro is a north–south line on the system that runs from Guangzhou South Railway Station to Jiahewanggang, with a total length of 31.4 km (19.51 mi) with 24 stations. All stations in Line 2 are underground. Line 2's color is blue.

The line previously ran together with Line 8 on a single route between Sanyuanli and Wanshengwei stations until the extensions to both lines officially opened on 25 September 2010 and Line 8 was split off from Line 2.
Somosierra
Somosierra is a municipality in the Community of Madrid, Spain, located at 83 km north of Madrid, in the mountain pass with the same name, at an elevation of 1433 metres above sea level, being the northernmost town of Community of Madrid. The Battle of Somosierra was fought here in 1808 during the Napoleonic Wars, and the Battle of Guadarrama was fought nearby in 1936 during the Spanish Civil War.

Battle of Somosierra
The Battle of Somosierra took place on 30 November 1808, during the Peninsular War, when a combined Franco-Napoleonic Spanish-Polish force under the direct command of Napoleon I forced a passage through a Spanish division stationed at the Sierra de Guadarrama, which shielded Madrid from direct French attack. At the Somosierra mountain pass, 60 miles (97 km) north of Madrid, a heavily outnumbered Spanish detachment of regulars, volunteers and artillery under Benito de San Juan attempted to block Napoleon's advance onto Madrid. Napoleon overwhelmed the Spanish positions in a combined arms attack, sending the Polish Chevau-légers of the Imperial Guard at the Spanish guns while French infantry advanced up the slopes. The victory removed the last obstacle barring the road to Madrid, which fell a few days later.
1922 New Zealand general election
The 1922 New Zealand general election was held on Monday, 6 December in the Māori electorates, and on Tuesday, 7 December in the general electorates to elect a total of 80 MPs to the 21st session of the New Zealand Parliament. A total number of 700,111 (87.7%) voters turned out to vote. In one seat (Bay of Plenty) there was only one candidate.

1922 was the year when residents of the Chatham Islands were enfranchised for the first time (included in Lyttelton and Western Māori electorates).

Bay of Plenty (electorate)
Bay of Plenty is a New Zealand electoral division returning one member to the New Zealand House of Representatives. The current representative is Tom Rutherford of the National Party, first elected at the 2023 election.
2012–13 Lebanese Basketball League
The 2012–2013 season was the 17th edition of the Lebanese Basketball League. The regular season began on Friday, November 2, 2012 and ended on Monday March 4, 2013. The playoffs began on Thursday, March 7 and ended in the Semifinals on Sunday May 26, 2013, after the League got cancelled.

Al Riyadi Club Beirut
Al Riyadi Club Beirut (Arabic: نادي الرياضي بيروت, lit. 'Sporting Club Beirut'), commonly known simply as Al Riyadi, is a multi-sports club team based in Manara, a district in Beirut, Lebanon. Founded in 1934, the multi-sports club, which is mainly known for their basketball program, also plays ping-pong, martial arts, and other sports.

Al Riyadi is the most successful basketball team in Lebanese history, and one of the best in Asian basketball. Competing in the Lebanese Basketball League, Al Riyadi is the most decorated Lebanese basketball club, with 38 league titles, a joint-record three Basketball Champions League Asia titles, and five Arab Club Championships. Nicknamed "the Yellow Castle", basketball team plays its home games at the Saeb Salam Arena. Their rivalry with Sagesse, dubbed the Beirut derby, is the most anticipated basketball game in Lebanon.
Léon Frapié
Léon Eugène Frapié (27 January 1863 in Paris – 29 September 1949 in Paris) was a French novelist.

He first contributed to magazines and newspapers, then a few novels. 
He is most known for the 1904 Prix Goncourt winning novel La Maternelle. It is a moving picture of disillusioned manners of children in poor neighborhood schools. It was successfully adapted to film in 1933 as La Maternelle and in 1935 was ranked among the best foreign language films by the National Board of Review of Motion Pictures. In general, his work is connected with the tradition of the realistic novel.

Literary realism
Literary realism is a movement and genre of literature that attempts to represent mundane and ordinary subject-matter in a faithful and straightforward way, avoiding grandiose or exotic subject-matter, exaggerated portrayals, and speculative elements such as supernatural events and alternative worlds. It encompasses both fiction (realistic fiction) and nonfiction writing. Literary realism is a subset of the broader realist art movement that began with mid-nineteenth-century French literature (Stendhal) and Russian literature (Alexander Pushkin). It  attempts to represent familiar things, including everyday activities and experiences, as they truly are.
Ife-Modakeke conflict
The Ife-Modakeke Conflict was a series of recurrent interethnic tribal wars between the people of Ife and Modakeke communities in Southwestern Nigeria. It has been described as one of the oldest interethnic conflicts in Nigerian history, with the first reported clashes occurring between 1835 and 1849 as part of the Yoruba Wars, while the last reported clash was in the year 2000, when the then president, Olusegun Obasanjo set up the Olabode George-led committee to look into the conflict.

Yoruba Wars
The Yoruba Wars, also known as the Yoruba Civil Wars, were a series of conflicts that engulfed the Yoruba-speaking areas of West Africa from approximately 1789 to 1893. These wars were characterized by intense and prolonged struggles among various Yoruba city-states and kingdoms, leading to significant political, social, and economic changes in the region.
MS Viking I
MS Viking I was a roll-on/roll-off car and passenger ferry and was last owned by Ionian Sky Ferry before being scrapped in 2008. She originally entered service with Otto Thoresen of Thoresen Ferries for service between Southampton and Cherbourg across the English Channel.

Roll-on/roll-off
Roll-on/roll-off (RORO or ro-ro) ships are cargo ships designed to carry wheeled cargo, such as cars, motorcycles, trucks, semi-trailer trucks, buses, trailers, and railroad cars, that are driven on and off the ship on their own wheels or using a platform vehicle, such as a self-propelled modular transporter. This is in contrast to lift-on/lift-off (LoLo) vessels, which use a crane to load and unload cargo.

RORO vessels have either built-in or shore-based ramps or ferry slips that allow the cargo to be efficiently rolled on and off the vessel when in port. While smaller ferries that operate across rivers and other short distances often have built-in ramps, the term RORO is generally reserved for large seagoing vessels. The ramps and doors may be located in the stern, bow, or sides, or any combination thereof.
L'esule di Roma
L'esule di Roma, ossia Il proscritto (The Exile from Rome, or the Proscribed Man) is a melodramma eroico, or heroic opera, in two acts  by Gaetano Donizetti. Domenico Gilardoni wrote the Italian libretto after Luigi Marchionni's Il proscritto romano, in its turn based on Louis-Charles Caigniez and Debotière's Androclès ou Le lion reconnaissant.  It premiered on 1 January 1828 at the Teatro San Carlo, Naples.

Melodramma
Melodramma (plural: melodrammi) is a 17th-century Italian term for a text to be set as an opera, or the opera itself. In the 19th century, it was used in a much narrower sense by English writers to discuss developments in the early Italian libretto, e.g., Rigoletto and Un ballo in maschera. Characteristic are the influence of French bourgeois drama, female instead of male protagonists, and the practice of opening the action with a chorus.

It should not be confused with Melodrama (spelt with a single rather than a double m) in the sense either of Victorian stage melodrama (drama of exaggerated intensity) or of spoken declamation accompanied by background music (in Italian, melologo).
Scanno, Abruzzo
Scanno (Abruzzese: Scannë) is a town and district in the province of L'Aquila, in the Abruzzo region of central Italy. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").

The town is bordered by Anversa degli Abruzzi, Barrea, Bisegna, Bugnara, Civitella Alfedena, Introdacqua, Opi, Pescasseroli, Pettorano sul Gizio, Rivisondoli, Rocca Pia, Villalago and Villetta Barrea.

Pescasseroli
Pescasseroli (Italian: [peskasˈsɛːroli]; Marsicano: Péšchë or zë Péšchë) is a town and comune (municipality) in the province of L'Aquila, in southern Abruzzo, central-southern Italy.

A summer and winter resort, it is also the location of the Abruzzo National Park, nestled in the heart of the Monti Marsicani.

Philosopher Benedetto Croce was born there in 1866.
Luigi Morciano
Luigi Morciano (born 25 February 1994) is an Italian motorcycle racer. In the 2012 Moto3 Grand Prix, he competed for the Ioda Team Italia. He competed in the CIV Supersport Championship aboard a Kawasaki ZX-6R.

Motorcycle racing
The motorcycle sport of racing (also called moto racing and motorbike racing) includes motorcycle road racing and off-road racing, both either on circuits or open courses, and track racing. Other categories include hill climbs, drag racing and land speed record trials.
Károly Salbeck
Károly Salbeck of Petris (Galați Moldova, today Romania 17 November 1725 – Lőcse, Hungary (today part of Slovakia, 15 June 1787) was a doctor of theology, bishop of Szepes County, brother of Ferenc Salbeck and Mihály Salbeck.

Szepes County
Szepes (Slovak: Spiš; Latin: Scepusium, Polish: Spisz, German: Zips) was an administrative county of the Kingdom of Hungary, called Scepusium before the late 19th century. Its territory today lies in northeastern Slovakia, with a very small area in southeastern Poland. For the current region, see Spiš.
River Pang
The River Pang is a small chalk stream river in the west of the English county of Berkshire, and a tributary of the River Thames. It runs for approximately 23 kilometres (14 mi) from its source near the village of Compton to its confluence with the Thames in the village of Pangbourne.

The river, and its water voles, are thought to have inspired author Kenneth Grahame's character Ratty and his book The Wind in the Willows.

Kenneth Grahame
Kenneth Grahame (/ˈɡreɪ.əm/ GRAY-əm; 8 March 1859 – 6 July 1932) was a Scottish writer. He is best remembered for the classic of children's literature The Wind in the Willows (1908). Born in Scotland, he spent most of his childhood with his grandmother in England, following the death of his mother and his father's inability to look after the children. After attending St Edward's School in Oxford, his ambition to attend university was thwarted and he joined the Bank of England, where he had a successful career. Before writing The Wind in the Willows, he published three other books: Pagan Papers (1893), The Golden Age (1895), and Dream Days (1898).