hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battle of Fort Esperanza
The Battle of Fort Esperanza (November 27–30, 1863) was fought in Texas during the American Civil War. Maj. Gen. Cadwallader C. Washburn led two brigades from the Union XIII Corps to capture a fort on Matagorda Island defended by Colonel William R. Bradfute and a small Confederate garrison. After some skirmishing, the Confederates evacuated the fort. Casualties were light on both sides.

XIII Corps (Union army)
XIII Corps was a corps of the Union Army during the American Civil War.  It was first led by Ulysses S. Grant and later by John A. McClernand and Edward O.C. Ord.  It served in the Western Theater of civil war, Trans-Mississippi Theater and along the Gulf of Mexico.
Petite Bosse
The Petite Bosse (French pronunciation: [pətit bɔs]; 'Little Hump') is a snowy bulge, culminating at 4,547 m, on the border of France and Italy on the so-called normal routes towards the summit of Mont Blanc (the Bosses Ridge), between the Grande Bosse and the rocky protrusion known as the Rocher(s) de la Tournette. These humps, together called les Bosses, are not regarded by the UIAA as primary 4000 metre summits of the Alps, but the organisation does nevertheless include them on its 'Enlarged list of lesser summits'. It is the last elevating obstacle to be scaled by climbing parties on the final part of the itinerary to the top shared by the popular Goûter Route and the Grand Mulets Route.

International Climbing and Mountaineering Federation
The International Climbing and Mountaineering Federation, commonly known by its French name Union internationale des associations d'alpinisme (UIAA; French for 'International Union of Alpine Clubs'), was founded in August 1932 in Chamonix, France when 20 mountaineering associations met for an alpine congress. Count Charles Egmond d'Arcis, from Switzerland, was chosen as the first president and it was decided by the founding members that the UIAA would be an international federation which would be in charge of the "study and solution of all problems regarding mountaineering". The UIAA Safety Label was created in 1960 and was internationally approved in 1965 and currently (2015) has a global presence on five continents with 86 member associations in 62 countries representing over 3 million people.
6th Canadian Comedy Awards
The 6th Canadian Comedy Awards, presented by the Canadian Comedy Foundation for Excellence (CCFE), honoured the best live, television, and film comedy of 2004. The awards ceremony was held on 22 October 2005 during the five-day Canadian Comedy Awards Festival in London, Ontario. The ceremony was hosted by Bruce Hunter as Rocko the Dog.

Canadian Comedy Awards, also known as Beavers, were awarded in 20 categories. Winners were picked by members of ACTRA (Alliance of Canadian Cinema, Television and Radio Artists), the Canadian Actors' Equity Association, the Writers Guild of Canada, the Directors Guild of Canada, and the Comedy Association.

Nominations were led by the film Ham & Cheese with six nominations, followed by TV series Corner Gas and This Hour Has 22 Minutes with five apiece.  Corner Gas won two Beavers, as did Kristen Thomson for the film I, Claudia and Levi Macdougall for his Comedy Now! show. The Chairman's Award went to producer Andrew Alexander of The Second City.

Directors Guild of Canada
The Directors Guild of Canada (DGC; French: Guilde canadienne des réalisateurs) is a Canadian labour union representing more than 5,500 professionals from 48 different occupations in the Canadian film and television industry. Founded in 1962, the DGC represents directors, editors, assistant directors, location managers, production assistants and others.

The DGC has district councils in the following provinces; British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Newfoundland and Labrador and the Atlantic District Council (representing New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island). However, in Quebec certain positions are represented by other unions such as IATSE 514 and the Quebec union "AQTIS". Each district council has written its own specific Standard Agreement to represent its members.

The National Office for the Directors Guild of Canada is located on Heward Street, Toronto, Ontario.
Chiba 12th district
Chiba 12th district (千葉県第12区, Chiba-ken dai-ju-niku  or simply 千葉12区, Chiba-ju-niku) is a single-member constituency of the House of Representatives in the national Diet of Japan located in Chiba Prefecture.

Awa District, Chiba
Awa District (安房郡, Awa-gun) is a district located in Chiba Prefecture, Japan. As of August 2010, the district had an estimated population of 8,992 and a density of 198 persons per km2. Its total area was 45.16 square kilometres (17.44 sq mi). Awa District at present consists only of the town of Kyonan
Calculus on Euclidean space
In mathematics, calculus on Euclidean space is a generalization of calculus of functions in one or several variables to calculus of functions on Euclidean space  as well as a finite-dimensional real vector space. This calculus is also known as advanced calculus, especially in the United States. It is similar to multivariable calculus but is somewhat more sophisticated in that it uses linear algebra (or some functional analysis) more extensively. It also covers some concepts from differential geometry such as differential forms and Stokes' theorem. This extensive use of linear algebra also allows a natural generalization of multivariable calculus to calculus on Banach spaces or topological vector spaces.
Calculus on Euclidean space is also a local model of calculus on manifolds, a theory of functions on manifolds.

Banach space
In mathematics, more specifically in functional analysis, a Banach space (/ˈbɑː.nʌx/, Polish pronunciation: [ˈba.nax]) is a complete normed vector space. Thus, a Banach space is a vector space with a metric that allows the computation of vector length and distance between vectors and is complete in the sense that a Cauchy sequence of vectors always converges to a well-defined limit that is within the space.

Banach spaces are named after the Polish mathematician Stefan Banach, who introduced this concept and studied it systematically in 1920–1922 along with Hans Hahn and Eduard Helly.
Maurice René Fréchet was the first to use the term "Banach space" and Banach in turn then coined the term "Fréchet space".
Banach spaces originally grew out of the study of function spaces by Hilbert, Fréchet, and Riesz earlier in the century. Banach spaces play a central role in functional analysis. In other areas of analysis, the spaces under study are often Banach spaces.
Fishing industry in Chile
Fishing in Chile is a major industry with a total catch of 4,442,877 tons of fish in 2006. As of 2010, Chile has the seventh largest commercial catch in the world. With over 4,000 km (2,500 miles) of viable coastline, fishing has been a vital resource for small-scale business and family development for hundreds of years. Due to the Humboldt Current, the Chilean Sea is considered among the most productive marine ecosystems in the world as well as the largest upwelling system. Artisanal fishing is practiced all over Chile's 6,435 km long coastline and combines industrial techniques with pre-Hispanic traditions. Recreational fishing tourism in southern Chile's rivers has recently gained worldwide fame attracting actors such as Harrison Ford, Michael Douglas, and Kevin Costner.

Chilean Sea
The Chilean Sea is the portion of the Pacific Ocean lying west of the Chilean mainland. The official Chilean usage for Chilean Sea was defined on 30 May 1974 when the Diario oficial de la Republica de Chile published Supreme Decree #346, which declared that "the waters surrounding or touching the shores of the national territory shall be known as Mar Chileno."

The Chilean Sea contains significant amounts of phosphorite and manganese-iron nodules, which may be potential targets for future seafloor mining.
Newfoundland and Labrador Route 60
Route 60, also known as Topsail Road in Mount Pearl and St. Johns, and as Conception Bay Highway for the rest of its length, is a 74.7-kilometre-long (46.4 mi) east-west highway on the Avalon Peninsula of Newfoundland. It runs between the town of Cupids and the city of St. John's.

Avalon Peninsula
The Avalon Peninsula (French: Péninsule d'Avalon) is a large peninsula that makes up the southeast portion of the island of Newfoundland in Canada. It is 9,220.61 square kilometres (3,560.10 sq mi) in size.

The peninsula is home to 270,348 people, about 52% of  the province's population, according to the 2016 Canadian census. The peninsula is the location of St. John's, the provincial capital and largest city. It is connected to the main section of the island by the 5 km (3 mi) wide Isthmus of Avalon. The peninsula protrudes into the rich fishing zones near the Grand Banks. Its four major bays (Trinity Bay, Conception Bay, St. Mary's Bay and Placentia Bay) have long been the centre of Newfoundland's fishing industry.
Basketball at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Men's qualification
The basketball qualification for the Summer Olympics men's basketball tournament occurred from 2006–2008; all five FIBA (International Basketball Federation) zones sent in teams.

The first qualifying tournament was the 2006 FIBA World Championship in which the champion was guaranteed of a place in the Olympics. Throughout the next two years, several regional tournaments served as qualification for the zonal tournaments, which doubles as intercontinental championships, to determine which teams will participate in the 2008 Beijing Summer Olympics.

2007 FIBA Oceania Championship
The FIBA Oceania Championship for Men 2007 was the qualifying tournament of FIBA Oceania for the men's basketball tournament at the 2008 Summer Olympics at Beijing. The tournament, a best-of-three series between Australia and New Zealand, was held in Melbourne, Sydney and Brisbane. Australia won the first two games to qualify for the Olympics, while New Zealand won the third game and took part in the FIBA wildcard tournament.
1955 European Baseball Championship
The 1955 European Baseball Championship was held in Barcelona, Spain and was won by Spain. Belgium finished as runner-up. Five teams competed in the tournament, with France joining the four teams that competed in the previous edition in 1954.

The format for the tournament had also changed. Instead of a knockout tournament, which was the 1954 championship's format, it was a round-robin tournament played over five days from July 10 to 15.

By winning the tournament, Spain qualified for the 1955 Global World Series. However, the Spanish organizers incurred a debt of 150,000 pesetas organizing the event, which was not paid off by the 1960 championship, also held in Barcelona.

Spanish peseta
The peseta (/pəˈseɪtə/, Spanish: [peˈseta]) was the currency of Spain between 1868 and 2002. Along with the French franc, it was also a de facto currency used in Andorra (which had no national currency with legal tender).
Felicia Schröder
Sara Linnea Felicia Schröder (born 13 April 2007) is a Swedish professional footballer who plays as a striker for Damallsvenskan club BK Häcken and the Sweden national team. She has been described as one of the best young talents in women's football.

BK Häcken FF
Bollklubben Häcken Fotbollsförening (Swedish: [bɔlklʊbɛn ˈhɛ̌kːɛn fuːˌβ̞ɔlsfœrˈeːnɪŋ]) is a women's football club based in Gothenburg, Sweden. Founded in 1970 as Landvetters IF ([ˈlandˌvɛtɛrs iːɛf]) and known as Kopparbergs/Göteborg FC ([ˈkɔˌparsbɛrj jœtɛˈbɔrj]) between 2004 and 2020, the club became the women's section of the men's club BK Häcken in 2021, although as a separate club which is a subsidiary of BK Häcken for legal reasons.

BK Häcken FF play their home games at Bravida Arena in Gothenburg. The team colors are yellow and black. The club won their first Damallsvenskan title in 2020.
Orphans' Decree
The Orphans' Decree was a law in the Kingdom of Yemen mandating the forced conversion of Jewish orphans to Islam promulgated by the Zaydi. According to one source, the decree has "no parallel in other countries".

This law, like all laws applying to dhimmi, was applied more or less ruthlessly depending upon the inclination local and royal officials. It was aggressively enforced at least some of the time and in some regions under Imam Yahya (1918–1948).

Although forced conversion is not widely recognized under Islamic laws, historian and Arabist Shelomo Dov Goitein believes that a forced conversion of orphans could have been justified by the revelation attributed to Muhammad that states: "Every person is born to the natural religion [Islam], and only his parents make a Jew or a Christian out of him."

Zaydism
Zaydism (Arabic: الزَّيْدِيَّة, romanized: az-Zaydiyya), also referred to as Fiver Shi'ism, is a branch of Shia Islam that emerged in the eighth century following Zayd ibn Ali's unsuccessful rebellion against the Umayyad Caliphate. Zaydism is one of the three main branches of Shi'ism, the other two being Twelverism and Ismailism.

Zaydism is typically considered the Shia branch that is closest to Sunni Islam, although the "classical" form of Zaydism (usually referred to as Hadawi) historically changed its stance on Sunni and Shia traditions multiple times, to the point where Zaydis' simply accepting Ali as a rightful successor to Muhammad was enough to consider them Shia.

Zaydis regard rationalism as more important than Quranic literalism and historically were quite tolerant towards Shafi'i Sunnism, the jurisprudential school of about half of the Yemenis. Most of the world's Zaydis are located in northwestern Yemen and Najran in Saudi Arabia.
Zakovryashino
Zakovryashino (Russian: Заковряшино) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Zakovryashinsky Selsoviet, Krutikhinsky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 736 as of 2013. There are 10 streets.

Altai Krai
Altai Krai (Russian: Алтайский край, IPA: [ɐlˈtajskʲɪj kraj]) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai). It borders, clockwise from the west, Kazakhstan (East Kazakhstan Region, Abai Region and Pavlodar Region), Novosibirsk and Kemerovo, and the Altai Republic. Its administrative centre is the city of Barnaul. As of the 2021 Census, the population of the krai was 2,163,693.
Brian Windhorst
Brian Windhorst (born January 29, 1978), nicknamed Windy, is an American sportswriter for ESPN.com who covers the National Basketball Association (NBA). He was the Cleveland Cavaliers beat writer for the Akron Beacon Journal from 2003 through the summer of 2008, and began to work for Cleveland newspaper The Plain Dealer in October 2008. He moved to ESPN in 2010 after LeBron James left the Cleveland Cavaliers for the Miami Heat.

Akron Beacon Journal
The Akron Beacon Journal is a morning newspaper in Akron, Ohio, United States. Owned by Gannett, it is the sole daily newspaper in Akron and is distributed throughout Northeast Ohio. The paper's coverage focuses on local news.  The Beacon Journal has won four Pulitzer Prizes: in 1968, 1971, 1987 and 1994.
Ellie Banke
Ellie Banke (born December 7, 2000) is a singer-songwriter from Downers Grove, Illinois. After going viral for a cover of Ed Sheeran's song "Dive", Sheeran flew Banke to London for a collaboration. Sheeran and Banke's duet of "Dive" also went viral with more than 20 million views. In September 2025, it was announced that Banke will open for the Chicago and Minneapolis stops of Sheeran's Loop Tour.

Loop Tour
The Loop Tour is the sixth concert tour by the English singer-songwriter Ed Sheeran, in support of his eighth studio album, Play (2025). The tour began on 16 January 2026 in Auckland, New Zealand and is set to conclude in Tampa, United States, on 7 November 2026.
Grand Opera House (Boston)
The Grand Opera House (est.1888) of Boston, Massachusetts, was a theatre in the South End. Architect George Snell designed the 2,600-seat building on Washington Street. Managers and proprietors included Proctor & Mansfield, A.H. Dexter, George W. Magee, and Stair & Wilbur. Performances included Glyn's Three Weeks.

Washington Street (Boston)
Washington Street is a street originating in downtown Boston, Massachusetts, which extends southwestward to the Massachusetts–Rhode Island state line. The majority of its length outside of the city was built as the Norfolk and Bristol Turnpike in the early 19th century. It is the longest street in Boston and remains one of the longest streets in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Due to various municipal annexations with the city of Boston, the name Washington Street now exists six or more times within the jurisdiction(s) of the City of Boston.

The street's great age in the city of Boston has given rise to a phenomenon whereby intersecting streets have different names on either side of Washington Street.
Liptornis
Liptornis is an extinct genus of fossil birds of uncertain affinities. The type species is L. hesternus. It was described by Argentine palaeontologist Florentino Ameghino in 1894 from a large cervical vertebra from the Middle Miocene Santa Cruz Formation of Patagonia. At the time, it was referred to the Pelecanidae, though this is questionable. In his 1933 palaeornithological review, Lambrecht referred it only to the superfamily Sulides without placing it in a family. A later study has suggested family Anhingidae.

Pelecanidae
The Pelecanidae is a family of pelecaniform birds within the Pelecani that contains three genera: the extinct Eopelecanus and Miopelecanus and the extant Pelecanus.

Pelecanids have existed since the late Eocene (Priabonian) and they still exist today.
2007 Norwegian Third Division
The 2007 season of the 3. divisjon, the fourth highest association football league for men in Norway.

Between 18 and 26 games (depending on group size) were played in 24 groups, with 3 points given for wins and 1 for draws. Twelve teams were promoted to the 2. divisjon through playoff.

Norwegian Third Division
The Norwegian Third Division, also called Norsk Tipping-Ligaen, is the fourth highest division of the men's football league in Norway. Like the rest of the Norwegian football league system, the season runs from spring to autumn, running approximately from April to October. After the 2010 season, the league was reorganised, reducing the number of teams to 164 and halving the number of parallel sections from 24 to 12. After the 2016 season, the league was again reorganised, reducing the number of teams from 164 to 84, and halved the number of groups from twelve to six.

All six group winners promote to 2. divisjon, while the bottom four in all groups are relegated to 4. divisjon.
Longford county football team
The Longford county football team represents Longford in men's Gaelic football and is governed by Longford GAA, the county board of the Gaelic Athletic Association. The team competes in the three major annual inter-county competitions; the All-Ireland Senior Football Championship, the Leinster Senior Football Championship and the National Football League.

Longford's home ground is Pearse Park, Longford. The team's manager is Mike Solan.

The team last won the Leinster Senior Championship in 1968 and the National League in 1966. Longford has never won the All-Ireland Senior Championship.

Pearse Park (Longford)
Pearse Park is a GAA stadium in Longford, Ireland. It is the main grounds of Longford's Gaelic football and hurling teams. In December 2011, the stadium was renamed Glennon Brothers Pearse Park, due to sponsorship with Glennon Brothers, a local timber firm. The ground originally had a capacity of 18,000, however in November 2011, this was cut to 8,000 for health and safety reasons. Following completion of works in recent years, the capacity currently sits at 10,000.
City walls and gates of Legnano
The walls and urban gates of Legnano were a constitutive part of a military defensive system serving Legnano, a municipality in the Metropolitan City of Milan, in Lombardy.

Used in the Middle Ages and completed by the Cotta castle, they were one of the protagonists of the Battle of Legnano, an armed clash that took place on May 29, 1176, between the imperial army of Frederick Barbarossa and the troops of the Lombard League led by Guido da Landriano.

Cotta castle
The Cotta Castle (Italian: Castello dei Cotta) was an early medieval fortification present in Legnano from the 10th to the 13th/14th centuries in the area where the modern Leone da Perego Palace and INA Gallery stand. It was one of the military outposts used during the Battle of Legnano on May 29, 1176.
Neo Sidirochori
Neo Sidirochori (Greek: Νέο Σιδηροχώρι), is a village and a former municipality in the Rhodope regional unit, East Macedonia and Thrace, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Komotini, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 120.488 km2. Population 2,213 (2021). The majority of the residents of the village descend from originally Greek refugees who had to flee from the village of Samakovo in Eastern Thrace after the Greek defeat in the Greco-Turkish War.

Eastern Macedonia and Thrace
Eastern Macedonia and Thrace (/ˌmæsəˈdoʊniə/ MASS-ə-DOH-nee-ə; Greek: Ανατολική Μακεδονία και Θράκη, romanized: Anatolikí Makedonía ke Thráki, [anatoliˈci maceðoˈnia ce ˈθraci]) is one of the thirteen administrative regions of Greece. It consists of the northeastern parts of the country, comprising the eastern part of the region of Macedonia along with the region of Western Thrace, and the islands of Thasos and Samothrace.
Clea Smith
Clea Rosemary Smith (born 6 January 1979) is an Australian former cricket player. She played in the Australian national cricket team in all three formats: Test, One Day International (ODI), and Twenty20 International (T20I). Smith is currently a Director on the Board of Cricket Australia.

Women's Test cricket
Women's Test cricket is the longest format of women's cricket and is the female equivalent to men's Test cricket. Matches comprise four-innings and are held over a maximum of four days between two of the leading cricketing nations. The rules governing the format differ little from those for the men's game, with differences generally being technicalities surrounding umpiring and field size.

The first women's Test match was played by England women and Australia women in December 1934, a three-day contest held in Brisbane which England won by nine wickets. A total of 149 Women's Test matches have been played. Far fewer matches are played each year in favour of Women's One Day Internationals and Women's Twenty20 Internationals, with the international calendar revolving around the shorter formats of the game.
Piper kadsura
Piper kadsura (Japanese pepper) is an East Asian species of pepper vine. It belongs to the magnoliid family Piperaceae.

In Japanese, it is known as fūtōkazura (風藤). It only grows in warmer areas, and was used medicinally in the past.

Flower spike (male)

Flower spike (female)

Fruits

Piperaceae
The Piperaceae (/ˌpɪpəˈreɪʃiː/), also known as the pepper family, are a large family of flowering plants. The group contains roughly 3,600 currently accepted species in five genera. The vast majority of species can be found within the two main genera: Piper (2,171 species) and Peperomia (over 1,000 species).

Members of the Piperaceae may be small trees, shrubs, or herbs. The distribution of this group is best described as pantropical.

The best-known species, Piper nigrum, yields most peppercorns that are used as spices, including black pepper, although its relatives in the family include many other spices. The family Piperaceae is unrelated to the family Solanaceae, which includes bell peppers and chili peppers, which are so named due to Europeans taking part in the Columbian exchange mistakenly believing the spicy fruits were a variety of the black pepper plant.