hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mercy-class hospital ship
The Mercy class of hospital ships are converted San Clemente-class supertankers used by the United States Navy. Originally built in the 1970s by the National Steel and Shipbuilding Company, they were acquired by the Navy and converted into hospital ships, coming into service in 1986 and 1987.

Mercy class replaced the Haven-class hospital ships.

The ships are operated by Military Sealift Command and are designed to provide emergency, on-site care for American combatant forces, and also for use in support of disaster relief and humanitarian operations. Each ship contains twelve fully equipped operating rooms, a 1,000-bed hospital facility, radiological services, a medical laboratory, pharmacy, optometry lab, CT scan equipment, and two oxygen-producing plants.

National Steel and Shipbuilding Company
National Steel and Shipbuilding Company (NASSCO) is an American shipbuilding company with four shipyards located in San Diego, Norfolk, Bremerton, and Mayport. It is a division of General Dynamics. NASSCO owns a subsidiary manufacturing facility with TIMSA in Mexicali, Mexico. The San Diego shipyard specializes in constructing commercial cargo ships and auxiliary vessels for the US Navy and Military Sealift Command; it is the only new-construction shipyard on the West Coast of the United States. NASSCO performs ship repairs and conversions for the United States Navy in all four shipyard locations: San Diego, Norfolk, Bremerton, and Mayport.
Barnsley Rural District
53°33′11″N 1°28′52″W﻿ / ﻿53.553°N 1.481°W﻿ / 53.553; -1.481

Barnsley was a rural district in the West Riding of Yorkshire, England from 1894 to 1938. It encompassed the surrounding area but did not include the town of Barnsley.

Rural district
A rural district was a type of local government area – now superseded – established at the end of the 19th century in England, Wales, and Ireland for the administration of predominantly rural areas at a level lower than that of the administrative counties.
Billy Barty
Billy Barty (born William John Bertanzetti; October 25, 1924 – December 23, 2000) was an American actor and activist. In adult life, he stood 3 ft 9 in (1.14 m) tall because of cartilage–hair hypoplasia dwarfism and so was often cast in films opposite taller performers for comic effect. He specialized in outspoken or wisecracking characters. During the 1950s, he became a television actor, appearing regularly in the Spike Jones ensemble. In the early 1970s, he appeared often in a variety of roles in children's TV programs produced by Sid and Marty Krofft. As an activist for people with dwarfism, he founded the Little People of America organization in 1957.

Cartilage–hair hypoplasia
Cartilage–hair hypoplasia (CHH) is a rare genetic disorder. Symptoms may include short-limbed dwarfism due to skeletal dysplasia, variable level of immunodeficiency, and predisposition to cancer. It was first reported by Victor McKusick in 1965.
Five Young American Poets
Five Young American Poets was a three volume series of poetry anthologies released from 1940 to 1944. The series was published by New Directions Publishers (Norfolk, Connecticut; James Laughlin, publisher).

Volume I - 1940  includes selected poetry by:

W. R. Moses

Randall Jarrell

George Marion O'Donnell

John Berryman

Mary Barnard

Reviews.

Volume II - 1941 includes selected poetry by:

Clark Mills

Karl Shapiro

David Schubert

Jeanne McGahey

Paul Goodman

Volume III - 1944 includes selected poetry by:

Eve Merriam

John Frederick Nims

Jean Garrigue

Tennessee Williams

Alejandro Carrión

Jeanne McGahey
Jeanne McGahey (died 1995 or 1996) was an American poet published by George Leite in Circle Magazine in the 1940s.  She married the poet Lawrence Hart in 1944; they were both members of the "Activist Group" of poets.
Cricket in Wales
Cricket is a popular sport in Wales; it started in the late 18th century, and has been played in Wales ever since. All cricket within Wales is regulated by the England and Wales Cricket Board (ECB), making it officially part of the English and Welsh cricket system. Glamorgan County Cricket Club is Wales' only first-class county team, and Welsh players are eligible to represent England as Wales does not have its own Test cricket team. Cricket Wales is the national governing body for Cricket in Wales and a constituent board of the ECB. Cricket is played within the Welsh schools system, and is considered one of the country's main summer sports.

Wales National County Cricket Club
Wales National County Cricket Club is one of the 20 county clubs that compete in the National Counties Cricket Championship. It represents all of the historic counties of Wales except Glamorgan, and is the only non-English team in the competition.

The team is currently a member of the National Counties Cricket Championship Western Division, having joined in 1988 (under the name Wales Minor Counties) after Somerset's second eleven left the competition, and plays in the NCCA Knockout Trophy. Wales National County played List A matches occasionally from 1993 until 2005 but is not classified as a List A team per se.
Superconducting wire
Superconducting wires are electrical wires made of superconductive material. When cooled below their transition temperatures, they have zero electrical resistance. Most commonly, conventional superconductors such as niobium–titanium are used, but high-temperature superconductors such as YBCO are entering the market.

Superconducting wire's advantages over copper or aluminum include higher maximum current densities and zero power dissipation. Its disadvantages include the cost of refrigeration of the wires to superconducting temperatures (often requiring cryogens such as liquid nitrogen or liquid helium), the danger of the wire quenching (a sudden loss of superconductivity), the inferior mechanical properties of some superconductors, and the cost of wire materials and construction.

Its main application is in superconducting magnets, which are used in scientific and medical equipment where high magnetic fields are necessary.

Transition temperature
In crystallography, the transition temperature is the temperature at which a material changes from one crystal state (allotrope) to another. More formally, it is the temperature at which two crystalline forms of a substance can co-exist in equilibrium. For example, when rhombic sulfur is heated above 95.6 °C, it changes form into monoclinic sulfur; when cooled 
below 95.6 °C, it reverts to rhombic sulfur. At 95.6 °C the two forms can co-exist. Another example is tin, which transitions from a cubic crystal below 13.2 °C to a tetragonal crystal above that temperature.

In the case of ferroelectric or ferromagnetic crystals, a transition temperature may be known as the Curie temperature.
Zllash torture
The Zllash torture incident occurred during the Kosovo War, involving the torture of six individuals suspected of collaboration, ultimately resulting in the murder of one victim. The incident was carried out by the Kosovo Liberation Army (UÇK), specifically the Guerria-BIA unit under the leadership of Salih Mustafa.

In December 2022, the Kosovo Specialist Chambers, based in The Hague, found Mustafa guilty of war crimes and sentenced him to 26 years in prison. The judgement was appealed but quashed in December 2023, although his sentence was reduced to 22 years.

Wartime collaboration
Wartime collaboration is cooperation with the enemy against one's country of citizenship in wartime. As historian Gerhard Hirschfeld says, it "is as old as war and the occupation of foreign territory".

The term collaborator dates to the 19th century and was used in France during the Napoleonic Wars. The meaning shifted during World War II to designate traitorous collaboration with the enemy. The related term collaborationism is used by historians who restrict the term to a subset of ideological collaborators in Vichy France who actively promoted German victory.
Hans Kotzsch
Hans Kotzsch (24 April 1901, Dresden (Loschwitz) - 25 July 1950  Dresden (Blasewitz)) was a German entomologist who specialised in Lepidoptera.

From 1925 Kotzsch owned the entomological dealership "Hermann Wernicke" in Dresden. From here he sold insects collected on his many collecting trips (Rybachy Peninsula (1933), Armenia (1934), Hindu Kush (1936), Iran and Afghanistan (1939) Turkey and China. Many of his specimens are in  Museum Alexander Koenig in  Bonn and in Museum für Naturkunde Berlin.
In 1948 two years before his death he purchased the business collection "Staudinger" - Bang-Haas from the widow of Otto Bang-Haas. Like most dealers of his time Kotzsch described many new subspecies of "exotic" butterflies, particularly from South America. Most are these are unsound but his taxonomic work on Palaearctic fauna is much better.

Andreas Bang-Haas
Andreas Bang-Haas (6 December 1846 – 7 February 1925) was a Danish entomologist and insect dealer.

Bang-Haas was born in Horsens.  In 1879 he entered into the business of the insect dealer Otto Staudinger. He married Staudinger's daughter in 1880 and became co-owner of the firm, now "Staudinger & Bang-Haas", in 1884 or 1887.  He died in Dresden, aged 78.  The business was eventually taken over by his son Otto Bang-Haas.
No. 7 Squadron IAF
No. 7 Squadron IAF (Battle Axes Gwalior) is a fighter squadron operates as a Special Munitions Delivery and air superiority unit. Based at Gwalior AFS, No. 7 Squadron forms a part of 40 Wing AF, Central Air Command.

It is home to the Indian Air Force's elite Tactics and Air Combat Development Establishment (TACDE), a premier unit for advanced fighter pilot training in aerial tactics, comparable to the US Navy's TOPGUN, focusing on operational doctrines and tactics for aircraft

Tactics and Air Combat Development Establishment
Tactics and Air Combat Development Establishment or TACDE is an Indian Air Force unit for training aerial combat to its top one percent fighter pilots. TACDE is based in Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh. It was conferred Presidential standard in 2009. The institution evolves tactical procedures for various aircraft, implements standard operating procedures and trains pilots in operational doctrines.
Allen H. Miner
Allen Harris Miner (October 18, 1917 – January 4, 2004) was an American director and screenwriter. He served as a photographer during World War II. Miner then directed and wrote for television programs including Perry Mason, Colgate Theatre, Mission: Impossible, The Twilight Zone, The Jane Wyman Show,   Route 66, The Lawless Years, Tales of Wells Fargo, Riverboat and Wagon Train. He died in January 2004 of natural causes in San Marcos, California, at the age of 86.

Colgate Theatre (1958 TV series)
Colgate Theatre is a 30-minute dramatic anthology television series broadcast on NBC during the summer  and early autumn of 1958. It consisted entirely of unsold television pilots.

Colgate Theatre was unrelated to NBC's live television anthology series of the same name of 1949–1950.
Negro–Branco moist forests
The Negro–Branco moist forests (NT0143) is an ecoregion of tropical moist broadleaf forest to the east of the Andes in southern Venezuela, eastern Colombia and northern Brazil, in the Amazon biome. It lies on the watershed between the Orinoco and Rio Negro basins. It includes both blackwater and whitewater rivers, creating different types of seasonally flooded forest. The vegetation is more typical of the Guiana region than the Amazon.

Pico da Neblina National Park
Pico da Neblina National Park (Portuguese: Parque Nacional do Pico da Neblina) is a national park in the state of Amazonas in the north of Brazil, bordering on Venezuela. It overlaps with several indigenous territories, which creates tensions over land use, as does the military presence due to the border location. The park includes lowlands around the Rio Negro, partly flooded, and mountains that include the highest peak in Brazil, after which the park is named. The wide variety of physical environments supports great biodiversity, including several endangered species.
1916 Minnesota lieutenant gubernatorial election
The 1916 Minnesota lieutenant gubernatorial election took place on November 7, 1916. Republican Party of Minnesota candidate Thomas Frankson defeated Minnesota Democratic Party challenger Julius Thorson, Socialist Party of Minnesota candidate Andrew Hanson, and Prohibition Party candidate L. A. Simonson.

Socialist Party of Minnesota
The Socialist Party of Minnesota (from 1899 to 1902 the Social Democratic Party of Minnesota; from 1903 to 1913 the Public Ownership Party of Minnesota) was the state affiliate of the Springfield faction of the Social Democratic Party of America, the Socialist Party of America, and finally the Socialist Party USA in the U.S. state of Minnesota.
Robbie Simpson (runner)
Robbie Simpson (born 14 November 1991) is a British male long-distance runner who competes in marathon and mountain running events. He was a silver medallist at the 2014 European Mountain Running Championships and a bronze medallist at the 2015 World Mountain Running Championships. He won his first international marathon medal (a bronze) at the 2018 Commonwealth Games.

Simpson has competed five times at the European Mountain Running Championships (2009, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015) and five times at the World Mountain Running Championships (2008, 2009, 2012, 2014, 2015). He won the 2016 and 2018 editions of the Jungfrau Marathon and ranked in the top 20 at the 2016 and 2017 London Marathon. He holds a personal best of 2:14:56 for the marathon.

Jungfrau Marathon
The Jungfrau Marathon is one of the best known mountain marathons in the world, in full view of the famous Eiger, Mönch, and Jungfrau mountains in the Bernese Oberland area of the Swiss Alps.

The first Jungfrau Marathon was held in 1993.  Approximately 3,500 runners from 35 different nations participate. The Jungfrau Marathon takes place each year in September.

The 2007 edition of the competition incorporated the World Long Distance Mountain Running Challenge and attracted 4200 participants from 50 countries.
Grunwald Square (Szczecin)
The Grunwald Square (Polish pronunciation: [ˈɡrun.valt]; Polish: Plac Grunwaldzki) is a circular urban square in Szczecin, Poland, within the Centre neighbourhood in the Downtown district. It forms a roundabout at the intersection of Pope John Paul II Avenue, Piłsudski Street, Rayski Street, and Śląska Street. The Grunwald Square is surrounded by historic tenement houses dating to the end of the 19th century, mostly built in the eclectic style, as well as modernist apartment buildings constructed in 1965. It was developed the 1880s.

German Emperor
The German Emperor (German: Deutscher Kaiser, pronounced [ˈdɔʏtʃɐ ˈkaɪzɐ] ⓘ) was the official title of the head of state and hereditary ruler of the German Empire. A specifically chosen term, it was introduced with the 1 January 1871 constitution and lasted until the abdication of Wilhelm II was announced on 9 November 1918. The Holy Roman Emperor is sometimes also called "German Emperor" when the historical context is clear, as derived from the Holy Roman Empire's official name of "Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation" from 1512.

Following the revolution of 1918, the head of state was the president of the Reich (German: Reichspräsident), beginning with Friedrich Ebert.
Yōjūden
Yōjūden is a 1986 shooter video game developed and published by Irem for arcades. Originally released only in Japan, it consists of a mix of top-down shooter and vertically scrolling shooter gameplay. It was released outside Japan for the first time by Hamster Corporation as part of their Arcade Archives series for the Nintendo Switch and PlayStation 4 in 2018, under the name Heroic Episode, with support for vertical screen gameplay on the Nintendo Switch.

Hamster Corporation
Hamster Corporation (株式会社ハムスター, Kabushiki-gaisha Hamusutā) is a Japanese video game publisher, with office located in Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan. It was formed in November 1999 as a spin off of Toshiba-EMI Limited's gaming division.

On the Japanese PlayStation Store, more than 380 titles are distributed under the Arcade Archives brand, and 108 under the ACA Neo Geo brand.
1959 Hong Kong municipal election
The 1959 Hong Kong Urban Council election was held on 3 March 1959 for the four of the eight elected seats of the Urban Council of Hong Kong. The turnout rate dropped to 30.7 per cent but there were still 7,236 of the 23,584 eligible voters cast their votes, 5,354 ballots from Hong Kong Island and 1,882 from Kowloon. Ernest Charles Wong, chairman of the Tung Wah Group of Hospitals won a seat for the Hong Kong Civic Association of which Philip Au of the Reform Club of Hong Kong retired from, while the other three Club incumbents were re-elected.

Reform Club of Hong Kong
The Reform Club of Hong Kong was one of the oldest political organisations in Hong Kong, existing from 1949 until the mid-1990s. Established by expatriates who were concerned about the Young Plan proposed by Governor Mark Aitchison Young in 1949, the Reform Club was the first semi-political party to contest in the Urban Council elections, with its longtime chairman Brook Bernacchi serving on the Council for about forty years.

It demanded expansion of the power of the Urban Council and elected representatives in the Legislative Council for years. Together with the Hong Kong Civic Association, they were the closest to opposition parties in Hong Kong active in the municipal electoral politics during the post-war colonial period. With the expansion of the franchise in the 1980s, the Reform Club gradually declined and was replaced by the more energetic political groups. The Club ceased to function after its chairman Bernacchi retired from the Urban Council in 1995.
Rebop
Rebop may be:

An early name for bebop, a form of jazz music, still used in the UK in the 1970s

Rebop Kwaku Baah, Ghanaian percussionist with Traffic

Rebop (TV series), an American television show produced by WGBH Boston from 1976 to 1979

The Re-Bops, a kids' band

Rebop (TV series)
Rebop is an American children's television series that aired from 1976 to 1979 on PBS stations and produced by WGBH Boston. The premise was to promote social understanding and diversity among young people. LeVar Burton hosted for the final season.

Quincy Jones performed the title tune You Have to Do It Yourself.
Anchorwoman (TV series)
Anchorwoman is a partially scripted American comedy/reality hybrid television series that aired on Fox in August 2007. The series was canceled after airing two back to back episodes due to low ratings.

Television comedy
Television comedy is a category of broadcasting that has been present since the early days of entertainment media. While there are several genres of comedy, some of the first ones aired were variety shows. One of the first United States television programs was the comedy-variety show Texaco Star Theater, which was most prominent in the years that it featured Milton Berle (from 1948 to 1956). The range of television comedy has become broader, with the addition of sitcoms, improvisational comedy, and stand-up comedy, while also adding comedic aspects into other television genres, including drama and news. Television comedy provides opportunities for viewers to relate the content in these shows to society. Some audience members may have similar views about certain comedic aspects of shows, while others will take different perspectives. This also relates to developing new social norms, sometimes acting as the medium that introduces these transitions.
Ziegler Point
Ziegler Point (79°21′S 83°0′W﻿ / ﻿79.350°S 83.000°W﻿ / -79.350; -83.000) is a high rock point, or spur, on the southeast side of Gross Hills in the Heritage Range. Mapped by United States Geological Survey (USGS) from surveys and U.S. Navy air photos, 1961–66. Named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for equipment operator Ernest L. Ziegler, U.S. Navy, a participant in Operation Deep Freeze 1966 at McMurdo Station.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Ziegler Point". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

Gross Hills
The Gross Hills (79°18′S 83°22′W﻿ / ﻿79.300°S 83.367°W﻿ / -79.300; -83.367) are the line of rugged hills and peaks located east of Schmidt Glacier, in the Heritage Range of Antarctica. They were named by the University of Minnesota Geological Party, 1963–64, for Barton Gross, a geologist with the party.
Schizomyia impatientis
Schizomyia impatientis is a species of fly in the family Cecidomyiidae. This gall midge species induces galls on jewelweeds in eastern North America. It was first described by Carl Robert Osten-Sacken in 1862.

Carl Robert Osten-Sacken
Carl Robert Osten-Sacken or Carl-Robert Romanovich, Baron von der Osten-Sacken, Baron Osten Sacken (21 August 1828, – 20 May 1906) was a German-Russian diplomat and entomologist. He served as the Russian consul general in New York City during the American Civil War, living in the United States from 1856 to 1877. He worked on the taxonomy of flies in general and particularly of the family Tipulidae (crane flies).
Sailing (AAA song)
"Sailing" (stylized as "SAILING") is a song by Japanese pop group AAA. It is their 31st single and is included in the group's seventh studio album 777: Triple Seven. The song was written by Mitsuhiro Hidaka and Tetsuya Komuro. The single was released in Japan on February 22, 2012, under Avex Trax in four editions: a CD-only edition, a CD and DVD A edition, a CD and DVD B edition, and a Mu-Mo edition. "Sailing" debuted at number four on the weekly Oricon singles chart. The single charted for six weeks and went on to sell over 45,600 copies in Japan.

AAA (band)
AAA (pronounced Triple A; also an acronym for Attack All Around) is a Japanese pop group signed to the label Avex Trax which debuted in September 2005. The name has the meaning of "challenging everything" or "against all odds", and the group is marketed by their label as a "super performance unit".

The group was formed through Avex's own auditions, and originally consisted of five young men and three young women who had appeared in commercials and/or had prior experience as backup dancers for other Japanese stars, such as Ayumi Hamasaki and Ami Suzuki.
The Time Has Come (Martina McBride album)
The Time Has Come is the debut studio album by American country music artist Martina McBride, released on May 5, 1992, by RCA Records Nashville. The album rose to the No. 49 position on the Billboard Top Country Albums chart. It includes the singles "The Time Has Come", "Cheap Whiskey" and "That's Me", all of which charted on the Billboard country charts. "The Time Has Come" was the highest-peaking of the three, reaching #23. "When You Are Old" was later recorded by Gretchen Peters on her 1996 album The Secret of Life.

The Secret of Life (album)
The Secret of Life is the debut studio album by American singer-songwriter Gretchen Peters.  It was released in 1996, and featured a minor hit single in the track, "When You Are Old". The song reached number 68 on the Hot Country Songs chart. The album was the first release for Imprint Records.

Faith Hill covered the title track and took it to number 4 on the country chart in the States (while also scraping into the top 50 on the Billboard Hot 100). Trisha Yearwood recorded her own version of "On a Bus to St. Cloud" for her full-length Thinkin' About You (two years prior to the release of this album), while Martina McBride has recorded 3 songs: "This Uncivil War", "When You Are Old" and "Independence Day" which she took to number 12 on the U.S. country chart.
Akeju (singer)
Abass K.M Akeju, most often known by his stage name Akeju, is a US-based Nigerian musician known for his 2017 single "Kiss and Tell".

He launched Inside Nollywood in 2021 and also produced a unity song for ARDN Red campaign. He is a U.S-based artist whose genre of music is Afro-beat. He won the Africa Diaspora Face of Change award in 2022.

Beenie Man
Moses Anthony Davis OD (born 22 August 1973), known professionally as Beenie Man, is a Jamaican dancehall DJ. His awards include DJ of the Year Award eight years in a row. His twelfth studio album Art and Life received a Grammy Award in 2001.