hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lionel Fulcher
Lionel William Fulcher B.Sc. (3 January 1866 – 11 May 1945) was a British philatelist who co-edited, with Stanley Phillips, Gibbons Stamp Monthly, was Vice President of the International Philatelic Union and was a key figure in the Fiscal Philatelic Society. He was an expert on the early stamps of Japan and also studied Venezuela, Peru, Nicaragua, Papal States and Norway.

He was for a time the editor of Morley's Philatelic Journal, A Monthly Paper For Collectors of Postage, Revenue, Telegraph and Railway stamps and also of The Philatelic Record.

Fulcher was a member of the Royal Philatelic Society London from 1901 where he also became the Honorary Librarian and was a frequent exhibitor at meetings.

In 1921, Fulcher was entered on the Roll of Distinguished Philatelists.

Royal Philatelic Society London
The Royal Philatelic Society London (RPSL) is the oldest philatelic society in the world. It was founded on 10 April 1869 as The Philatelic Society, London. The society runs a  postal museum, the Spear Museum of Philatelic History, at its headquarters in the City of London.
Wiley-VCH
Wiley-VCH is a German publisher owned by John Wiley & Sons. It was founded in 1921 as Verlag Chemie (meaning "Chemistry Press": VCH stands for Verlag Chemie) by two German learned societies. Later, it was merged into the German Chemical Society (GDCh). In 1991, VCH acquired Akademie Verlag. It has been owned by John Wiley & Sons since 1996. The humanities section of Akademie Verlag and the Akademie brand were sold in 1997 to R. Oldenbourg Verlag, while VCH retained the natural sciences catalog.

German Chemical Society
The German Chemical Society (German: Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker, GDCh) is a learned society and professional association founded in 1949 to represent the interests of German chemists in local, national and international contexts. GDCh "brings together people working in chemistry and the molecular sciences and supports their striving for positive, sustainable scientific advance – for the good of humankind and the environment, and a future worth living for."
Aboe Bakar Al-Habsyi
Habib Aboe Bakar Al-Habsyi (Arabic:أبو بكر الحبسي, romanized: Abu Bakr Alhabsi; born 15 October 1964) is an Indonesian politician who fills the office of Secretary-General of the Prosperous Justice Party for the period 2020–2025. Al-Habsyi is also a member of the House of Representatives of Indonesia, serving the terms 2004–2009, 2009–2014, 2014–2019, and 2019–2024.

Prosperous Justice Party
The Prosperous Justice Party (Indonesian: Partai Keadilan Sejahtera, sometimes called the Justice and Prosperity Party, Indonesian name literally translated "Party of Secure/Peaceful Justice"), frequently abbreviated to PKS, and formerly the Justice Party (Indonesian: Partai Keadilan, PK), is an Islamist political party in Indonesia.

PKS is a metamorphosis from the Justice Party (Indonesian: Partai Keadilan, PK) established in 1998. The party was originally influenced by the Muslim Brotherhood movement of Egypt, and considered an Islamist party for its calls for Islam to play a central role in public life, as well as providing political support to Indonesian and international Islamist movements such as the Islamic Defenders Front 212 Movement. Today, it is considered a nationalist Islamist party that conforms with Pancasila doctrine and no longer upholds sharia as a main goal.
Orthoarthrus
Orthoarthrus ("upright joint") is an extinct species of mammal of unknown affinities that lived in Argentina during the Miocene. It was described by prolific Argentine paleontologist Florentino Ameghino in 1904 on the basis of a single left astragalus (under specimen number MLP 69-IX-5-16,) that had been unearthed from the Santacrucian sediments of Santa Cruz, Argentina. Ameghino described it as a species of pangolin closely related to African species of the group, but this came into question by later 20th-century paleontologists, who concluded that it was an indeterminate genus of mammal. The size of the astragalus and its anatomy was described briefly, with a diameter of 30 millimetres (1.2 in) and a distinct furrowed morphology on its ventral face. The species name mixtus ("mixed") is after the anatomy of the astragalus' rugged bottom surface.

La Plata Museum
The La Plata Museum (Spanish: Museo de La Plata) is a natural history museum in La Plata, Argentina. It is part of the Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo (Natural Sciences School) of the National University of La Plata.

The building, 135 meters (443 feet) long, today houses three million fossils and relics (including 44,000 botanical items), an amphitheatre opened in 1992, and a 58,000-volume library, serving over 400 university researchers. Around 400,000 visitors (8% of whom are from outside Argentina) pass through its doors yearly, including a thousand visiting researchers.
Haasea hungarica
Haasea hungarica is a species of millipede in the family Haaseidae. This species is a eutroglophile, capable of spending its entire life cycle in a cave but also capable of living on the surface outside of caves. Although these millipedes are often found in caves, this species has also been found on the soil surface in forests.

Pannonian Basin
The Pannonian Basin, with the term Carpathian Basin being sometimes preferred in Hungarian literature, is a large, mainly lowland area in southeastern Central Europe, briefly described as a sedimentary basin. Under the geopolitically changed conditions created by World War I and the ensuing Treaty of Trianon, the geomorphological term Pannonian Plain was also used for roughly the same region, referring to the lowlands in the area occupied by the Pannonian Sea during the Pliocene. However, Hungarian geographers consider the term "Pannonian Plain" not only unhistorical but also topographically highly erroneous. Regarding the name as such, they are arguing in terms of ancient history, namely that the northern and eastern boundary line of the namesake Roman province of Pannonia was formed by the River Danube, thus the Great Hungarian Plain was not  part of the original Pannonia province.
Sitar in Western popular music
The use of the sitar in Western popular music arose in the 1960s due to experimentation by various rock bands such as The Beatles, The Kinks, and The Rolling Stones, While the sitar had earlier been used in jazz and Indian film music, it was from the 1960s onwards that various pop artists in the Western world began to experiment with incorporating the sitar, a classical Indian stringed instrument, within their compositions. The introduction of the sitar into popular music exposed many Westerners to Indian musical traditions.

Amorphis
Amorphis is a Finnish progressive metal band founded by Jan Rechberger, Tomi Koivusaari, and Esa Holopainen in 1990. Initially, the band was a death metal act, but on later albums they evolved into playing other genres, including progressive metal, folk metal, and melodic death metal. They frequently use the Kalevala, the epic poem of Finland, as a source for their lyrics.
Tambo de Oro
The Tambo de Oro is an underground gold mine located in Coquimbo Region in north-central Chile. More precisely it lies near the Pacific in the commune of Punitaqui in the mining district of Punitaqui. The mine is operated by HMC Gold, a subsidiary of Haldeman Mining. In December 2021 the mine obtained permission from the Environmental Assessment Service to extend its operations for seven more years. In addition, the mine was allowed in increase its monthly average production from 15,000 to 15,317 metric tons. The mine has been required to install private security system after it was declared a "strategic enterprize" by the Ministry of the Interior in November 2023. Haldeman Mining has disputed this designation in courts.

In September 2020 two miners died as result of a rockfall in the mine.

The mine produces gold ore concentrate from ores in the form of veins and breccias of Early Cretaceous age. The ores have characteristics that are both epithermal and mesothermal.

Breccia
Breccia (/ˈbrɛ(t)ʃiə/ BRETCH-ee-ə, BRESH-; Italian: [ˈbrettʃa]; Italian for 'breach') is a clastic rock composed of large angular broken fragments of minerals or rocks cemented together by a fine-grained matrix.

The word has its origins in the Italian language, in which it means 'rubble'. A breccia may have a variety of different origins, as indicated by the named types including sedimentary breccia, fault or tectonic breccia, igneous breccia, impact breccia, and hydrothermal breccia.

A megabreccia is a breccia composed of very large rock fragments, sometimes kilometers across, which can be formed by landslides, impact events, or caldera collapse.
2012 Tajik League
In the 2012 season of the Tajik League, 13 teams participated. Khosilot, Istaravshan, and Zarafshon, were newly promoted, while Shodmon Ghissar withdrew from the competition. There was a limit of eight foreign players per team, with up to five on the field at a particular time. Only Parvoz Bobojon Ghafurov had the maximum of eight foreign footballers.

The Tajikistan clubs' participation was upgraded from the AFC President's Cup to the AFC Cup starting in 2013 by the AFC, so two clubs (league champions and cup winners) went on to participate in the 2013 AFC Cup.

2013 AFC Cup
The 2013 AFC Cup was the tenth edition of the AFC Cup, a football competition organized by the Asian Football Confederation (AFC) for clubs from "developing countries" in Asia.

In an all-Kuwait final, defending champions Al-Kuwait defeated Al-Qadsia 2–0 to win their third AFC Cup title in five years, becoming the first team to win the AFC Cup three times. Both finalists also qualified for the 2014 AFC Champions League.
Windauer Ache
The Windauer Ache is a mountain stream in Tyrol, Austria, in the scenic Windautal valley in the Kitzbühel Alps.

The Ache rises on the Reinkarsee at about 2,200 m (AA), at the foot of the Kröndlhorn, and its middle reaches run through a roughly 4 km (2.5 mi) long gorge. In Hopfgarten the Windauer Ache discharges into the Brixentaler Ache at a narrow point in the valley; the Brixentaler Ache in turn empties into the River Inn at Wörgl.

The Ache flows through the municipalities of Westendorf and Hopfgarten.

The Windauer Ache is very popular for whitewater canoeing (grade WW II to WW V).

The source region on the Rainkarsee

The Ache downstream

The large weir of Brixentaler Ache near its confluence with the Windauer Ache in Hopfgarten

Metres above the Adriatic
Metres above the Adriatic (Italian: Metri sopra l'Adriatico, German: Meter über Adria, Serbo-Croatian: Metara iznad Jadrana) is the vertical datum used in Albania, Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia, and Slovenia to measure elevation, referring to the average water level of the Adriatic Sea at the Sartorio mole in the Port of Trieste.
South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust is responsible for the management of the James Cook University Hospital in Middlesbrough, the Friarage Hospital in Northallerton, and community health services across South Tees and parts of North Yorkshire

In July 2019 a merger with North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust was being discussed.

The two Trusts agreed to form a Hospital Group in January 2023.

Care Quality Commission
The Care Quality Commission (CQC) is an executive non-departmental public body of the Department of Health and Social Care of the United Kingdom. It was established in 2009 to regulate and inspect health and social care providers in England. It was formed from three predecessor organisations:

the Healthcare Commission

the Commission for Social Care Inspection

the Mental Health Act Commission

The CQC's stated role is to make sure that hospitals, care homes, dental and general practices and other care services in England provide people with safe, effective and high-quality care, and to encourage those providers to improve. It carries out this role through checks during the registration process which all new care services must complete, as well as through inspections and monitoring of a range of data sources that can indicate problems with services.

Part of the commission's remit is protecting the interests of people whose rights have been restricted under the Mental Health Act.
Martyn Sperrin
Martyn Robin Sperrin (born 6 December 1956) is an English retired semi-professional footballer who made one appearance as a forward in the Football League for Luton Town. He played most of his career in non-League football for Edgware Town, Barnet, Hendon, Wealdstone, Ware, Bishop's Stortford, Stevenage Borough and Hertford Town.

Hendon F.C.
Hendon Football Club is a semi-professional football club based in north-west London. They play at Silver Jubilee Park in Kingsbury and are currently members of the Isthmian League South Central Division.
Thomas Hughes (bishop)
Thomas Maurice Hughes (17 April 1895 – 4 October 1981) was an eminent Welsh Anglican priest in the second half of the twentieth century: he was Archdeacon of Margam from 1960 to 1964; and Archdeacon of Llandaff 1964 to 1969; and an Assistant Bishop of Llandaff from 1961 until 1970.

He was educated at St David's College, Lampeter and Keble College, Oxford; and ordained after wartime service in 1922. After a curacy in Port Talbot he was a Minor canon at Llandaff Cathedral 1928 - 1931. He was Vicar of Cadoxton, Neath 1931 - 1937, then St Catherine, Cardiff 1937 - 1942, then Rector of Merthyr Tydfil 1942 - 1946. He was Vicar of St John the Baptist, Cardiff from 1946 to 1960; Canon and Precentor of Llandaff Cathedral during the same period; and Rural Dean of Cardiff from 1954 until his appointment as Rector of Llandow with Llysworney and Archdeacon of Margam.

Rural dean
In the Catholic Church and the Anglican Communion as well as some Lutheran denominations, a rural dean is a member of clergy who presides over a "rural deanery" (often referred to as a deanery); "ruridecanal" is the corresponding adjective.

The adjective rural does not mean the role is restricted to the countryside, but distinguishes them from the deans of cathedral chapters, which were historically in cities. In some Church of England dioceses rural deans have been formally renamed as area deans.
Ken Jenne
Kenneth C. Jenne II (born December 1, 1946) is a former Democratic member of the Florida State Senate and a former sheriff of Broward County (Broward County Sheriff's Office), which encompasses Fort Lauderdale. He resigned as sheriff in September 2007, after having pleaded guilty to federal tax evasion and mail fraud. On November 16, 2007, he was sentenced to a year and a day in federal prison.

Florida Legislature
The Florida Legislature is the legislature of the U.S. state of Florida. It is organized as a bicameral body composed of an  upper chamber, the Senate, and a lower chamber, the House of Representatives. Article III, Section 1 of the Florida Constitution, adopted in 1968, defines the role of the legislature and how it is to be constituted. The legislature is composed of 160 state legislators (120 in the House and 40 in the Senate). The primary purpose of the legislature is to enact new laws and amend or repeal existing laws. It meets in the Florida State Capitol building in Tallahassee.
2005 NASDAQ-100 Open – Women's singles
Kim Clijsters defeated Maria Sharapova in the final, 6–3, 7–5 to win the women's singles tennis title at the 2005 Miami Open. She did not lose a set during the tournament, and became the second woman to achieve the Sunshine Double (after Steffi Graf). At the time, Clijsters was the lowest-ranked player to win the title, doing so as the world No. 38.

Serena Williams was the three-time defending champion, but lost in the quarterfinals to her sister, Venus Williams.

Yuliana Fedak
Yuliana Leonidivna Fedak (Ukrainian: Юліана Леонідівна Федак; born 8 June 1983) is a Ukrainian former tennis player.

Fedak has a career-high singles ranking of world No. 63, attained on 18 September 2006, and a career-high WTA doubles ranking of 34, achieved on 15 January 2007. She won six singles titles and eleven doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit.

Fedak retired from tennis in 2011.
Opisthotonus
Opisthotonus or opisthotonos (from Ancient Greek: ὄπισθεν, romanized: opisthen, lit. 'behind' and τόνος, tonos, 'tension') is a state of severe hyperextension and spasticity in which an individual's head, neck and spinal column enter into a complete "bridging" or "arching" position.

This extreme arched pose is an extrapyramidal effect and is caused by spasm of the axial muscles along the spinal column. Among extant animals it naturally occurs in birds, snakes suffering from advanced boid inclusion body disease, and placental mammals; it is also observed in some articulated dinosaur fossils.

Spasm
A spasm is a sudden involuntary contraction of a muscle, a group of muscles, or a hollow organ, such as the bladder.

A spasmodic muscle contraction may be caused by many medical conditions, including dystonia. Most commonly, it is a muscle cramp which is accompanied by a sudden burst of pain. A muscle cramp is usually harmless and ceases after a few minutes. It is typically caused by ion imbalance or muscle fatigue.

There are other causes of involuntary muscle contractions, and some of these may cause a health problem.

A series of spasms, or permanent spasms, is referred to as a "spasmism".
Baron Stamp
Baron Stamp, of Shortlands in the County of Kent, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created in 1938 for the civil servant, industrialist, economist, statistician and banker, Sir Josiah Stamp. The second Baron, Wilfred Carlyle Stamp, holds the record for having held a peerage for the shortest length of time. On 16 April 1941, the first Baron Stamp was killed by a German bomb, as was his son Wilfred. Legally, the son was presumed to have died a fraction of a second after his father, and therefore is supposed to have succeeded to the title for that short amount of time. The second Baron was succeeded by his younger brother, the third Baron. As of 2022 the title is held by the latter's grandson, the fifth Baron.

Shortlands
Shortlands is a suburb of South East London, England, within the London Borough of Bromley. It has been part of Greater London since 1965, and was previously part of the historic county of Kent. It is located between west of Bromley and east of Beckenham.
Benjamin Franklin (film)
Benjamin Franklin is a 2022 two-part American documentary film directed and produced by Ken Burns that first aired on PBS on April 4 and 5, 2022. The film chronicles the life of Benjamin Franklin, a polymath and Founding Father of the United States. The film is narrated by Peter Coyote and Mandy Patinkin stars as the voice of Franklin. Other voice actors starring in the film include Josh Lucas, Liam Neeson, and Paul Giamatti; Giamatti reprises his role as John Adams from the eponymous HBO miniseries.

Polymath
A polymath or polyhistor is an individual whose knowledge spans many different subjects, known to draw on complex bodies of knowledge to solve specific problems. Polymaths often prefer a specific context in which to explain their knowledge, but some are gifted at explaining abstractly and creatively.

Embodying a basic tenet of Renaissance humanism that humans are limitless in their capacity for development, the concept led to the notion that people should embrace all knowledge and develop their capacities as fully as possible. This is expressed in the term Renaissance man, often applied to the gifted people of that age who sought to develop their abilities in all areas of accomplishment: intellectually, artistically, socially, physically, and spiritually.
2010 West Michigan ThunderHawks season
The 2010 West Michigan ThunderHawks season was the team's fourth season as a football franchise and first in the Indoor Football League (IFL). One of twenty-five teams competing in the IFL for the 2010 season, the ThunderHawks were members of the Atlantic East Division of the United Conference. The team played their home games at DeltaPlex Arena in Grand Rapids, Michigan.

The team was originally going to be coached by Rod Miller, but Miller left the ThunderHawks for a job in Arena Football 1, and Terry Foster was named the interim head coach.

2010 Indoor Football League season
The 2010 Indoor Football League season was the second season of the Indoor Football League (IFL). The regular season began on Friday, February 26 and ended on Saturday, June 19. In March, the Indoor Football League took control of the Alaska Wild and intended to operate the team until a new owner was found or the season ended. In May, after nine games and no new ownership identified, the team forfeited its remaining home games, played its final road game against Tri-Cities under league auspices, and then ceased operations. After three weeks of playoffs the season ended with the 2010 United Bowl on July 17 where the Billings Outlaws defeated the Sioux Falls Storm.
Brooke Cars
Brooke Cars Limited is a British car manufacturer of specialist sports cars, based near Honiton in Devon, England. It was established in 2002, following the purchase of the vehicle rights from Brooke Kensington.

Honiton
Honiton (/ˈhɒnitən/) is a market town and civil parish in East Devon, situated close to the River Otter, 17 miles (27 km) north east of Exeter in the county of Devon. Honiton has a population estimated at 12,154 (based on 2021 census).
Véhicule Blindé Léger
The Panhard Véhicule Blindé Léger ("Light armoured vehicle"), also known by its acronym Panhard VBL or simply VBL, is a French wheeled 4×4 all-terrain vehicle built by Panhard. The vehicle is offered in various configurations, and was designed to combine the agility of the Peugeot P4 liaison vehicle with adequate protection against small arms fire, artillery fragments, mines and NBC weapons. Produced between 1985 and 2010, the vehicle has been used by the French Army and other European, African and Central American armies in various conflicts since the 1980s.

Mistral (missile)
The Missile Transportable Anti-aérien Léger (English: Transportable lightweight anti-air missile), commonly called Mistral, is a family of  French infrared homing multipurpose short range air defense system manufactured by MBDA France (formerly by Matra Défense and then Matra BAe Dynamics). Based on the French SATCP ('Sol-Air à Très Courte Portée'), the development of the portable system that would later become the Mistral began in 1974. The first version of the system was introduced in 1990 (Mistral 1), the second in 1998 (Mistral 2), and the third in 2013 (Mistral 3).
Anna Ritchie (archaeologist)
Anna Ritchie (née Bachelier, born 28 September 1943) Hon FSA Scot OBE is a British archaeologist and historian. She is known for her work at archaeological sites in Orkney, and has written a number of guidebooks for the HMSO and Historic Environment Scotland about Scottish history and historical sites. She was the first female president of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland from 1990-1993 and an Honorary Fellow of the Society

Viking Society for Northern Research
The Viking Society for Northern Research is a group dedicated to the study and promotion of the ancient culture of Scandinavia. Founded in London in 1892 as the Orkney, Shetland and Northern Society or the Viking Club, its name was changed in 1902 to the Viking Club or Society for Northern Research, and in 1912 to its present name. Its journal, Saga-Book, publication of editions, translations, and scholarly studies, and since 1964 the Dorothea Coke Memorial Lectures, have been influential in the field of Old Norse and Scandinavian-British Studies.