hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Megasurcula carpenteriana
Megasurcula carpenteriana (Gabb, 1865), also known as Carpenter's turrid, is a species of medium-sized predatory sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Pseudomelatomidae, a family previously lumped with others collectively known as turrids. This species occurs in the Eastern Pacific Ocean.  The species was named in honor of Philip Pearsall Carpenter.

Pseudomelatomidae
Pseudomelatomidae is a family of predatory sea snails, marine gastropods included in the superfamily Conoidea (previously Conacea) and part of the Neogastropoda (Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005).

In 1995 Kantor elevated the subfamily Pseudomelatominae to the status of family Pseudomelatomidae.

In 2011 Bouchet, Kantor et al. moved the Crassispirinae and Zonulispirinae and numerous genera of snails loosely called turrid snails (which at that point had been placed in the family Conidae) and placed them in the family Pseudomelatomidae.  This was based on a cladistic analysis of shell morphology, radular characteristics, anatomical characters, and a dataset of molecular sequences of three gene fragments.
Tav Falco
Gustavo Antonio "Tav" Falco is an American-born filmmaker, actor, musician, author, photographer, and dancer. Falco has fronted the experimental band Tav Falco's Panther Burns since 1979, and founded a parallel solo career that incorporates other styles such as cabaret, tango, and vocal jazz. He has directed one feature film and numerous short films, and has played minor acting roles in motion pictures filmed in both North America and Europe. He is the author of two books, one a psychography of the city of Memphis, and the other a collection of his photography.

Vocal jazz
Vocal jazz or jazz singing is a genre within jazz music where the voice is used as an instrument.

Vocal jazz began in the early twentieth century. Jazz music has its roots in blues and ragtime and can also traced back to the New Orleans jazz tradition. Jazz music is characterized by syncopated rhythms, improvisation, and unique tonality and pitch deviation. In vocal jazz, this includes vocal improvisations called scat singing where vocalists imitate the instrumentalist's tone and rhythm.
Semiring
In abstract algebra, a semiring is an algebraic structure. Semirings are a generalization of rings, dropping the requirement that each element must have an additive inverse. At the same time, semirings are a generalization of bounded distributive lattices.

The smallest semiring that is not a ring is the two-element Boolean algebra, for instance with logical disjunction  as addition. A motivating example that is neither a ring nor a lattice is the set of natural numbers  (including zero) under ordinary addition and multiplication. Semirings are abundant because a suitable multiplication operation arises as the function composition of endomorphisms over any commutative monoid.

Additive inverse
In mathematics, the additive inverse of an element x, denoted −x, is the element that when added to x, yields the additive identity. This additive identity is often the number 0 (zero), but it can also refer to a more generalized zero element.

In elementary mathematics, the additive inverse is often referred to as the opposite number, or the negative of a number. The unary operation of arithmetic negation is closely related to subtraction and is important in solving algebraic equations. Not all sets where addition is defined have an additive inverse, such as the natural numbers.
Stepps
Stepps (Scottish Gaelic: Ceumannan) is a town in North Lanarkshire, Scotland, near the north-eastern outskirts of Glasgow. According to data gathered by North Lanarkshire Council in 2020, Stepps is estimated to have a population of roughly 7,700 inhabitants. Its recently upgraded amenities include a new primary school, library and sports facilities.

The town retains a historic heart around its church in Whitehill Avenue, whilst examples of Victorian and Edwardian housing can still be found. The travel connections by road and rail mean residents work in Glasgow, Edinburgh, Falkirk, Stirling and beyond.  The town is located in close proximity to the new Seven Lochs Wetland Park, from which views to the Campsies and Loch Lomond can be enjoyed.

Campsie Fells
The Campsie Fells (also known as the Campsies; Scottish Gaelic: Monadh Chamaisidh) are a range of hills in central Scotland, stretching east to west from Denny Muir to Dumgoyne in Stirlingshire and overlooking Strathkelvin to the south. The southern extent of the range falls within East Dunbartonshire. The range overlooks the villages of Strathblane, Blanefield, Milton of Campsie, Lennoxtown and Torrance to the south; Killearn to the west, and Fintry and Strathendrick to the north. The Fintry Hills lie further to the north; Kilpatrick Hills lie to the west and the Kilsyth Hills to the east.
Sprucefield
Sprucefield is a major out-of-town retail park in the townland of Magherageery, County Down, Northern Ireland. It is on the southern edge of Lisburn; about one mile from Lisburn city centre, and ten miles (16 km) from central Belfast. Sprucefield is located beside the M1 motorway and the A1 road. It is split in two parts: the Sprucefield Centre and Sprucefield Park.

Sprucefield is also the site of the Lisnagarvey transmitting station.

Next plc
Next plc, trading as Next and styled as NEXT, is a British multinational clothing, footwear, and home products retailer, which has its headquarters in Enderby, England. It has around 700 stores, of which about 500 are in the United Kingdom, and 200 across Europe, Asia, and the Middle East. It is listed on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index. Next is the largest clothing retailer by sales in the United Kingdom, having overtaken Marks & Spencer in early 2012, and then again in 2014.
Tennis at the 1992 Summer Olympics – Women's singles
The United States' Jennifer Capriati defeated the defending gold medalist, Germany's Steffi Graf, in the final, 3–6, 6–3, 6–4 to win the gold medal in Women's Singles tennis at the 1992 Summer Olympics. It was the first victory for the United States in the event since 1924, and the first medal in the event for united Germany (rather than West Germany) since 1912. The United States' Mary Joe Fernández and Spain's Arantxa Sánchez Vicario won the bronze medals. It was Spain's first medal in the women's singles.

The tournament was held from 28 July to 7 August at the Tennis de la Vall d'Hebron in Barcelona, Spain. There were 64 competitors from 30 nations, with each nation having up to 3 players.

Tennis de la Vall d'Hebron
The Tennis de la Vall d'Hebron (English: Vall d'Hebron Tennis) is a sports venue located in the Horta-Guinardó district of Barcelona. Modified in 1991, it used only nine of the 17 courts for the tennis competitions of the 1992 Summer Olympics.
Phil Morgan (rugby league)
Philip Morgan (born 29 February 1944) is a Welsh former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1960s and 1970s. He played at representative level for Wales, and at club level for Hunslet, as a stand-off.

Hunslet F.C. (1883)
Hunslet F.C. was a professional rugby league club based in Hunslet, Leeds, West Yorkshire, England. The club was a founding member of the Rugby Football League in 1895.

Hunslet were a strong force in the early years of the Northern Union, winning the League Championship and Challenge Cup twice. Their greatest achievement was winning All Four Cups in 1908.

The club played home games at Parkside and had a cross city rivalry with Leeds. After the club disbanded in 1973 a new club; New Hunslet was formed.
Lappe
Lappe or Lappé is a German-language surname. Notable people with this surname include:

Anna Lappé (born 1973), American author and educator

Benay Lappe (1960), American rabbi

Frances Moore Lappé (1944), American researcher and author

Gemze de Lappe (1922–2017), American dancer

Jean-Roger Lappé-Lappé (1981), Cameroonian footballer

Joseph DeLappe (1963), UK-based American artist and academic

Karl-Heinz Lappe (1987), German footballer

Linda Lappe (1980),  American college basketball coach

Pele de Lappe (1916–2007), American artist

Joseph DeLappe
Joseph DeLappe (born 1963) is an American artist and academic best known for his art intervention pieces that explore contemporary issues in politics through new media installations and interactive gaming performances.
2013 Maui Challenger – Doubles
Amer Delić and Travis Rettenmaier were the defending champions but decided not to participate.
Lee Hsin-han and Peng Hsien-yin defeated Tennys Sandgren and Rhyne Williams 6–7(1–7), 6–2, [10–5] in the final to win the title.

Tennys Sandgren
Tennys Loren Sandgren II (/ˈtɛnɪs ˈsændɡrən/ TEN-iss SAND-grən; born July 22, 1991) is an American former professional tennis player. He has achieved a career-high ATP singles ranking of No. 41 on January 14, 2019. He played two years of college tennis at the University of Tennessee before launching his professional career.
Eastham House
Eastham House, also known as Glenn Manor, is a historic home located at Point Pleasant, Mason County, West Virginia.  It was built about 1850, and is a two-story, L-shaped, brick residence with a low-pitched, slate-covered gable roof in the Greek Revival-style. Also on the property is a contributing c. 1820 smokehouse.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.

Mason County, West Virginia
Mason County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 25,453. Its county seat and largest city is Point Pleasant. The county was founded in 1804 and named for George Mason, delegate to the U.S. Constitutional Convention. Before the Civil War, the county was in the State of Virginia.

Mason County is part of the Point Pleasant, WV-OH Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Traitors of San Angel
Traitors of San Angel (Spanish:Los traidores de San Ángel) is a 1967 action film directed by Leopoldo Torre Nilsson and starring Ian Hendry, Lautaro Murúa and Graciela Borges. It was a co-production between Argentina, Chile, Mexico, Puerto Rico and United States.

Co-production (media)
A co-production is a joint venture between two or more different production companies for the purpose of film production, television production, video game development, and so on. In the case of an international co-production, production companies from different countries (typically two to three) are working together.

Co-production also refers to the way services are produced by their users, in some parts or entirely.
Castinus of Byzantium
Castinus of Byzantium (Greek: Καστῖνος; died 237) was reputedly the bishop of Byzantium between 230 and 237; in some catalogues, he appears as Constantine or Kastinos.

He was a senator from Rome, who initially was not a Christian. He converted to Early Christianity, being baptised by the bishop of Argyropolis, Cyrillianus. From then on, he gave his fortune to the poor and was devoted to the Church. He was bishop of Byzantium from 230 to 237. Until his tenure, the cathedral was near the sea in the area of present Galata. He built one of the oldest churches in Byzantium to honour Saint Euphemia.

Nicephorus Callistus refers to him in his works as Constantine.

His memory is revered on 25 January.

Church historian Frederick George Holweck says that there were no bishops at Byzantium in the third century.

Frederick George Holweck
Frederick George Holweck (born Friedrich Georg Holweck; December 29, 1856 – February 15, 1927) was a German-American Catholic parish priest and scholar, hagiographer and church historian. Monsignor Holweck contributed some articles to the Catholic Encyclopedia.

As rector of St. Francis de Sales Church at St. Louis, Missouri, he was tasked with rebuilding the church after the original was destroyed by the Great St. Louis Tornado of 1896. The second edifice, incorporating many of the characteristics of German ecclesiastical architecture is familiarly known as "the Cathedral of South St. Louis". He also served as vicar-general of the Archdiocese of St. Louis.
32nd GMA Dove Awards
The 32nd Annual GMA Dove Awards were held on April 5, 2001 recognizing accomplishments of musicians for the year 2000.

The show was held at the Grand Ole Opry House in Nashville, Tennessee, and was hosted by Michael W. Smith.

Squint Entertainment
Squint Entertainment was a record label owned by Word Entertainment, started and run by musician and songwriter Steve Taylor in 1997. Squint pushed Sixpence None the Richer to mainstream success with their single "Kiss Me". The band had been in the CCM genre for several years before that. Other successful bands, such as Chevelle, emerged from Squint's brief creative life.
Emilio Gastón
Emilio Gastón Sanz (8 January 1935 – 22 January 2018) was a Spanish politician, lawyer, and poet.

A native of Zaragoza born in 1935, Gastón was a practicing lawyer. He was elected to the constituent Congress of Deputies as a representative of Zaragoza in 1977, and served until 1979. Gastón was the Justicia de Aragón ("Justice of Aragon", a regional ombudsman) between 1987 and 1993, the first person to assume the position after promulgation of the Statute of Autonomy. He was married to poet Mari Carmen Gascón Baquero.

Zaragoza (Congress of Deputies constituency)
Zaragoza is one of the 52 constituencies (Spanish: circunscripciones) represented in the Congress of Deputies, the lower chamber of the Spanish parliament, the Cortes Generales. The constituency currently elects seven deputies. Its boundaries correspond to those of the Spanish province of Zaragoza. The electoral system uses the D'Hondt method and closed-list proportional representation, with a minimum threshold of three percent.
Ilha Solteira Dam
The Ilha Solteira Dam is an embankment dam on the Paraná River near Ilha Solteira in São Paulo, Brazil. It was constructed between 1967 and 1973 for hydroelectric power production, flood control and navigation. After launch of last generator in 1978, HPP was the 6th largest in the world.

The dam supports hydroelectric power plant with an installed capacity of 3,444 megawatts (4,618,000 hp). The power plant contains 20 generators with Francis turbines that are broken down into three ratings: 11 X 170 megawatts (230,000 hp), 5 X 174 megawatts (233,000 hp) and 4 X 176 megawatts (236,000 hp). In 2005, the power plant produced 17.9 TWh of electricity.

Paraná River
The Paraná River (Portuguese: Rio Paraná [ˈʁi.u paɾaˈna] ⓘ; Spanish: Río Paraná [ˈri.o paɾaˈna] ⓘ; Guarani: Ysyry Parana) is a river in south-central South America, running through Brazil, Paraguay, and Argentina for some 4,880 kilometres (3,030 mi). Among South American rivers, it is second in length only to the Amazon River. It merges with the Paraguay River and then farther downstream with the Uruguay River to form the Río de la Plata and empties into the Atlantic Ocean.

The first European to go up the Paraná River was the Venetian explorer Sebastian Cabot, in 1526, while working for Spain.

A drought hit the river in 2021, causing a 77-year low.
Acropora kimbeensis
Acropora kimbeensis is a species of acroporid coral that was first described by Dr. Carden Wallace in 1999. Found in marine, tropical, shallow reefs usually at depths of 3 to 12 m (9.8 to 39.4 ft), but can occur as low as 15 m (49 ft). It is listed as a vulnerable species on the IUCN Red List, and it is thought to have a decreasing population. It is not common and found over a large area, and is listed on CITES Appendix II.

Acroporidae
Acroporidae is a family of small polyped stony corals in the phylum Cnidaria. The name is derived from the Greek "akron" meaning "summit" and refers to the presence of a corallite at the tip of each branch of coral. They are commonly known as staghorn corals and are grown in aquaria by reef hobbyists.
Saint Lucia at the 2022 Commonwealth Games
Saint Lucia competed at the 2022 Commonwealth Games at Birmingham, England from 28 July – 8 August 2022. It was the team's 11th appearance at the Games.

On July 23, 2022, a team of 13 athletes (ten men and three women) competing in four sports was named. Arthur Langelier and Julien Alfred were the country's flagbearers during the opening ceremony.

2022 Commonwealth Games opening ceremony
The opening ceremony for the 2022 Commonwealth Games took place on the evening of Thursday 28 July in the Alexander Stadium, Birmingham. As mandated by the Commonwealth Games Charter, the proceedings of the ceremony combined the formal opening of the sporting event (including hoisting of the flags, parade of the athletes and welcome speeches) with an artistic performance to showcase the host nation's culture. The 2022 Games were formally opened by Charles, Prince of Wales. The centrepiece of the ceremony was an eight-meter-tall animatronic bull, created by the London-based special effects company Artem. The bull, nicknamed 'Ozzy' after Birmingham-born rockstar Ozzy Osbourne is now on permanent display inside Birmingham New Street train station.
Dagli Appennini alle Ande (1943 film)
Dagli Appennini alle Ande is a 1943 Italian drama film directed by Flavio Calzavara, starring Cesare Barbetti, Leda Gloria, Nino Pavese, Margherita Del Plata and Cesco Baseggio. It tells the story of the young boy Marco who secretly embarks from Genoa to reach his mother in Argentina. The film is based on the story with the same title from Edmondo De Amicis's book Heart. The story has been adapted for film multiple times both before and after.

The film was released in Italian cinemas on 12 February 1943.

Edmondo De Amicis
Edmondo De Amicis (Italian pronunciation: [edˈmondo de aˈmiːtʃis]; 21 October 1846 – 11 March 1908) was an Italian novelist, journalist, poet, and short-story writer. His best-known book is the children's novel Heart.
Bobsleigh at the 1964 Winter Olympics – Two-man
Two-man bobsleigh at the 1964 Winter Olympics took place on 31 January and 1 February at Bob und Rodelbahn Igls, Innsbruck, Austria. This event was last run at the 1956 Winter Olympics as bobsleigh was not part of the 1960 games.

The winning athletes were those who posted the shortest total time over four separate runs. British duo Anthony NashRobin Thomas Dixon took gold, the first medal of any kind on this event for Great Britain. Taking silver and bronze were the two Italian crews.

Great Britain at the 1964 Winter Olympics
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland competed as Great Britain at the 1964 Winter Olympics in Innsbruck, Austria.

British luger Kazimierz Kay-Skrzypecki was killed on the Olympic course two weeks before the games.
Human rights abuses during the Battle of Mosul (2016–2017)
35°48′01″N 43°17′23″E﻿ / ﻿35.8003°N 43.2897°E﻿ / 35.8003; 43.2897
During the Battle of Mosul (2016–2017), numerous reports of human rights abuses surfaced against the various parties involved in the conflict. Up to 1.5 million civilians lived in the city, sparking concerns among various organizations of a large humanitarian crisis. Lise Grande, the United Nations' humanitarian coordinator in Iraq, stated, "In a worst-case scenario, we're literally looking at the single largest humanitarian operation in the world in 2016." Save the Children warned that massive civilian bloodshed was likely, unless safe routes were authorized to let civilians flee. The U.S. government has accused ISIL of using civilians as human shields.

International Business Times
The International Business Times is an American online newspaper that publishes five national editions in four languages. The publication, sometimes called IBTimes or IBT, offers news, opinion and editorial commentary on business and commerce. IBT is one of the world's largest online news sources, claiming forty million unique visitors each month in 2014. Its 2013 revenues were around $21 million. As of January 2022, IBTimes editions include Australia, India, International, Singapore, U.K. and U.S.

IBTimes was launched in 2005; it is owned by IBT Media, and was founded by Etienne Uzac and Johnathan Davis, two followers of David Jang who also has a relationship to IBT and Newsweek. Its headquarters are in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan, New York City.
Saxothuringian Zone
The Saxothuringian Zone, Saxo-Thuringian zone or Saxothuringicum is in geology a structural or tectonic zone in the Hercynian or Variscan orogen (380-270 million years old) of central and western Europe. Because rocks of Hercynian age are in most places covered by younger strata, the zone is not everywhere visible at the surface. Places where it crops out are the northern Bohemian Massif, the Spessart, the Odenwald, the northern parts of the Black Forest and Vosges and the southern part of the Taunus. West of the Vosges terranes on both sides of the English Channel are also seen as part of the zone, for example the Lizard complex in Cornwall or the Léon Zone of the Armorican Massif (Brittany).

Spessart
Spessart (German pronunciation: [ˈʃpɛsaʁt] ⓘ) is a Mittelgebirge, a range of low wooded mountains, in the States of Bavaria and Hesse in Germany. It is bordered by the Vogelsberg, Rhön and Odenwald. The highest elevation is the Geiersberg at 586 metres above sea level.
Raw Nerve (1999 film)
Raw Nerve is a 1999 American erotic crime drama film starring Mario Van Peebles, Nicollette Sheridan, Zach Galligan and Cheryl James. It was directed by Avi Nesher and written by Noah Kaplan and S. Barnes.

Mario Van Peebles
Mario Cain Van Peebles (born January 15, 1957) is a Mexican-born American actor and director. He is the son of Melvin Van Peebles, whom he played in the 2003 biopic Baadasssss!, which he also co-wrote, produced, and directed. He also starred in Heartbreak Ridge (1986), New Jack City (1991), and USS Indianapolis: Men of Courage (2016), the latter two of which he had directed.
J.W. Harris (bull rider)
James William Harris, known as J.W. Harris (born July 14, 1986) is an American former professional rodeo cowboy who specialized in bull riding. He competed in the Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association (PRCA), Championship Bull Riding (CBR), and Professional Bull Riders (PBR) circuits. He won the PRCA bull riding world championship four times at the National Finals Rodeo (NFR). Harris is the first bull rider since Don Gay to win four PRCA bull riding world titles. He is also the first since Gay to win three of them consecutively. Harris was also the 2014 PBR Rookie of the Year.

Cheyenne Frontier Days
Cheyenne Frontier Days is an outdoor rodeo and western celebration in the United States, held annually since 1897 in Cheyenne, Wyoming. It bills itself as the "World's Largest Outdoor Rodeo and Western Celebration." The event, claimed to be one of the largest of its kind in the world, draws nearly 200,000 annually. Lodging fills up quickly during the peak tourist season throughout southern and eastern Wyoming, into northern Colorado and western  Nebraska. The celebration is held during the ten days centered about the last full week of July. In 2008, Cheyenne Frontier Days was inducted into the ProRodeo Hall of Fame.