hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Beatriz de Bobadilla
Beatriz de Bobadilla (1440–1511) was a Castillian noble, courtier, and confidant of Queen Isabella I of Castile. She was the childhood friend of Isabella and remained at her court as her adviser throughout her reign, once being subjected to an assassination attempt when mistaken for the queen.

For their service to the crown, in 1480 Bobadilla and her husband Andrés Cabrera were granted the Marquisate of Moya and, in 1489, the lordship of Chinchón.

Spanish nobility
The Spanish nobility are people who possess a title of nobility confirmed by the Spanish Ministry of the Presidency, Justice and Relations with the Cortes, as well as those individuals appointed to one of Spain's three highest orders of knighthood: the Order of the Golden Fleece, the Order of Charles III and the Order of Isabella the Catholic. Some members of the Spanish nobility possess various titles that may be inherited or not, but the creation and recognition of titles is legally the prerogative of the monarchy of Spain.

Many Spanish titles and noble families still exist and many have transmitted their aristocratic status since the Middle Ages. Some aristocratic families in Spain use the nobiliary particle de before their family name, although this was more prominent before the 20th century.
Tempted (Jazz Cartier song)
"Tempted" is a song by Canadian rapper Jazz Cartier. It was released on January 6, 2017, as the lead single from his debut studio album, Fleurever. The song was produced by T-Minus and Lantz, with additional production by Sean Fischer.

T-Minus (producer)
Tyler Mathew Carl Williams (born February 25, 1988), known professionally as T-Minus, is a Canadian record producer. Noted for his downtempo, synth-driven production style, he was an early collaborator of fellow Ontario native Drake, having produced his 2007 single "Replacement Girl". Williams has since contributed to several of Drake's hits, including "HYFR", "The Motto", "Make Me Proud" (featuring Nicki Minaj) and "Blem".

Williams has also produced for high-profile music industry acts in hip hop and R&B, including Nicki Minaj, The Weeknd, Lil Wayne, Logic, Eminem, Kendrick Lamar, Camila Cabello, Travis Scott, Justin Bieber, Belly, ASAP Rocky, Big Sean, DMX, DJ Khaled, 2 Chainz, Lana Del Rey, Sia, H.E.R., J. Cole, and Nelly Furtado, among others. He has contributed to eight Grammy Award-nominated singles or albums, and received an Album of the Year nomination for his work on Lamar's Good Kid, M.A.A.D. City (2012). He won Top Producer at BMI's 2012 R&B/Hip Hop Awards.
Mohammed Al-Kandari
Mohammed Al-Kandari was a member of the Kuwaiti National Assembly, representing the first district. Born in 1971, Al-Kandari studied medicine before being elected to the National Assembly in 2008. While political parties are technically illegal in Kuwait, Al-Kandari affiliates with the Islamic Salafi Alliance.

National Assembly (Kuwait)
The National Assembly (Arabic: مجلس الأمة, Majlis al-ʾUmma) is the unicameral legislature of Kuwait. The National Assembly meets in Kuwait City. The National Assembly is typically composed of 50 elected members and 16 directly appointed government ministers (ex officio members).

The assembly was frequently dissolved by the Emir of Kuwait. From 2006 to 2024, the assembly was dissolved 13 times. The assembly has been suspended since 10 May 2024 for a four-year constitutional re-evaluation due to frequent inaction, corruption, bribery, vote purchasing and political deadlock.
Wisløff
Wisløff is a Norwegian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Åse Wisløff Nilssen (born 1945), Norwegian politician

Carl Fredrik Wisløff (1908–2004), Norwegian theologian

Jens Wisløff (1921–1998), Norwegian politician

Hans Edvard Wisløff (1902–1969), 20th-century bishop of the Church of Norway

Ove Wisløff (born 1954), Norwegian swimmer

Ulrik Wisløff (born 1968), Norwegian physiologist

Åse Wisløff Nilssen
Åse Wisløff Nilssen (born 20 July 1945 in Kongsvinger) is a Norwegian politician for the Christian Democratic Party.

She was elected to the Norwegian Parliament from Hedmark in 1997, and was re-elected on one occasion.

Wisløff Nilssen was a member of the executive committee of the municipal council for Kongsvinger Municipality from 1991 to 1995, and of Hedmark county council during the terms 1987–1991 and 1995–1997.
Hyposmocoma ferruginea
Hyposmocoma ferruginea is a species of moth of the family Cosmopterigidae. It was first described by Otto Swezey in 1915. It is endemic to the Hawaiian island of Oahu. The type locality is Mount Olympus.

The larvae feed on Cheirodendron species.

Swezey described the pupa as follows:

12 mm; pale reddish brown; antenna-sheaths, wing-sheaths and posterior leg-sheaths extend to near the apex of 5th abdominal segment; segments 4, 5 and 6 movable; cremaster blunt, with 6 or 8 hooked bristles.— Otto Swezey, 1915:94

Cheirodendron
Cheirodendron is a genus of flowering plant in the family Araliaceae. All six species in the genus are endemic to Polynesia. The five Hawaiian species are generally called ʻōlapa, and occur in wet forests on all major islands as well as some mesic forests, such as Kipuka Puaulu.
Pastorale (film)
Pastorale (Georgian: Pastorali / პასტორალი), is a Soviet film shot in Georgia in 1975 and directed by Otar Iosseliani.

Like all Georgian productions of that period, Pastorale was filmed in the Georgian language and then dubbed in Russian for other Soviet republics.

Cinema of the Soviet Union
The cinema of the Soviet Union includes films produced by the constituent republics of the Soviet Union reflecting elements of their pre-Soviet culture, language and history, albeit they were all regulated by the central government in Moscow. Most prolific in their republican films, after the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, were Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Ukraine, and, to a lesser degree, Lithuania, Belarus and Moldavia. At the same time, the nation's film industry, which was fully nationalized throughout most of the country's history, was guided by philosophies and laws propounded by the monopoly Soviet Communist Party which introduced a new view on the cinema, socialist realism, which was different from the one before or after the existence of the Soviet Union.
Retort stand
In chemistry, a retort stand, also called a clamp stand, a ring stand, or a support stand, is a piece of scientific equipment intended to support other pieces of equipment and glassware — for instance, burettes, test tubes and flasks.

The typical ring stand consists of a heavy base and a vertical rod, both usually made of metal.  A number of accessories, such as clamps of various types and iron rings, can be attached to the rod by thumbscrews, at whatever heights and orientations are necessary to support the target equipment.

Test tube
A test tube, also known as a culture tube or sample tube, is a common piece of laboratory glassware consisting of a finger-like length or longer of glass or clear plastic tubing, open at the top and closed at the bottom.

Test tubes are usually placed in special-purpose racks.
School of the Arts (Rochester, New York)
School of the Arts (SOTA) is a progressive alternative public middle school and high school in Rochester, New York. Administered by the Rochester City School District, SOTA is located on the corner of Prince Street and University Avenue, within walking distance of the Memorial Art Gallery, Eastman Theatre, Writers & Books, Visual Studies Workshop, and other cultural organizations.

Alternative school
An alternative school is an educational establishment with a curriculum and methods that are nontraditional. Such schools offer a wide range of philosophies and teaching methods; some have political, scholarly, or philosophical orientations, while others are more ad hoc assemblies of teachers and students dissatisfied with some aspect of mainstream or traditional education.

Some schools are based on pedagogical approaches differing from that of the mainstream pedagogy employed in a culture, while other schools are for gifted students, children with special needs, children who have fallen off the track educationally or expelled from their base school, children who wish to explore unstructured or less rigid systems of learning, etc.
Styrbjörn the Strong
Styrbjörn the Strong (Old Norse: Styrbjǫrn Sterki [ˈstyrˌbjɔrn ˈsterke]; died c. 985) according to late Norse sagas was a son of the Swedish king Olof Björnsson, and a nephew of Olof's co-ruler and successor Eric the Victorious, who defeated and killed Styrbjörn at the Battle of Fyrisvellir. As with many figures in the sagas, doubts have been cast on his existence, but he is mentioned in a roughly contemporaneous skaldic poem about the battle. According to legend, his original name was Björn, and Styr-, which was added when he had grown up, was an epithet meaning that he was restless, controversially forceful and violent.

Saga
Sagas are prose stories and histories, composed in Iceland and to a lesser extent elsewhere in Scandinavia.

The most famous saga-genre is the sagas of Icelanders, which feature Viking voyages, migration to Iceland, and feuds between Icelandic families. However, sagas' subject matter is diverse, including pre-Christian Scandinavian legends; saints and bishops both from Scandinavia and elsewhere; Scandinavian kings and contemporary Icelandic politics; and chivalric romances either translated from Continental European languages or composed locally.

Sagas originated in the Middle Ages, but continued to be composed in the ensuing centuries. Whereas the dominant language of history-writing in medieval Europe was Latin, sagas were composed in the vernacular: Old Norse and its later descendants, primarily Icelandic.

While sagas are written in prose, they share some similarities with epic poetry, and often include stanzas or whole poems in alliterative verse embedded in the text.
Academia Bârlădeană
The Academia Bârlădeană (Academy of Bârlad) was a cultural society, founded on May 1, 1915, in the city of Bârlad (Tutova County) - at present Vaslui County - by George Tutoveanu, Toma Chiricuţă and Tudor Pamfile.

Vasile Voiculescu
Vasile Voiculescu (Romanian pronunciation: [vaˈsile vojkuˈlesku], 27 November 1884 – 26 April 1963) was a Romanian poet, short-story writer, playwright, and physician who wrote under the literary pseudonym V. Voiculescu.
West Bend School District
The West Bend School District (officially West Bend Joint School District #1) is a school district in Wisconsin serving the city of West Bend, the villages of Jackson and Newburg, and parts of the towns of Polk, Trenton, Barton, West Bend, Jackson, and Addison.

As of the 2019-2020 school year, the district served more than 6,000 students.

Newburg, Wisconsin
Newburg is a village in Ozaukee and Washington counties in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. The population was 1,142 at the 2020 census. Of this, 1,049 were in Washington County, and only 93 were in Ozaukee County.
2025 Women's EuroHockey Indoor Club Cup
The 2025 Women's EuroHockey Indoor Club Cup was the 33rd edition of the Women's EuroHockey Indoor Club Cup, Europe's premier indoor hockey club tournament for women organized by the European Hockey Federation. It was hosted by Šiauliai Ginstrektė-Akademija at the Šiauliai Sport Gymnasium Hall in Šiauliai, Lithuania from 14 to 16 February 2025.

Sumchanka won their first title and became the first Ukrainian club to win the tournament by defeating SCHC 2–0 in a shoot-out after the final finished 2–2. Complutense won the bronze medal by defeating Mannheimer HC 3–2 in a shoot-out after the match finished 3–3. For the first time in this competition a German club did not win a medal. Ege Yildizlari and the hosts Ginstrektė-Akademija finished in seventh and eighth place respectively, which means Turkey and Lithuania were relegated to the Club Trophy in 2026.

Indoor hockey
Indoor hockey is an indoor variant of field hockey. It is similar to the outdoor game in that two teams compete to move a hard ball into the goal of the opposing side using hockey sticks. Indoor hockey is played on a smaller area and between smaller teams than field hockey and the sidelines are replaced by solid barriers from which the ball rebounds and remains in play.

It is traditionally and mainly played as a pastime by outdoor field hockey players during the off-season or when conditions are unsuitable for outdoor play. Indoor hockey is played in regular national and international championships. The first Indoor Hockey World Cup was organized in 2003. It included countries which do not compete at the highest level of the outdoor game.
Liberalism in Bangladesh
The origins of the liberalism (Bengali: উদারনীতিবাদ, romanized: Udārnītibād) in Bangladesh can be traced from the anticolonial movements during the British Raj period. After the Partition of India, Bengali nationalist movements in the East Pakistan were led by the liberal and progressive activists. According to the columist Hasan Ferdous, the principles of "equality, human dignity and social justice", inspiring from the ideals of the French Revolution that enshrined in the Proclamation of Bangladeshi Independence, can be considered as the "guiding values" of the liberalism in modern-day Bangladesh.

Proclamation of Bangladeshi Independence
The Proclamation of Bangladeshi Independence (Bengali: বাংলাদেশের স্বাধীনতার ঘোষণাপত্র), refers to the declaration of independence of East Pakistan as Bangladesh on 26 March 1971, at the onset of the Bangladesh Liberation War by Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. Next day on March 27 after Pakistan's brutal Operation Searchlight began killing unarmed people, Major Ziaur Rahman, broadcast the message on radio on behalf of detained leader Sheikh Mujibur Rahman from the Swadhin Bangla Betar Kendra radio station in Kalurghat, Chattogram. On 10 April, the Provisional Government of Bangladesh issued a proclamation on the basis of the previous declaration and established an interim constitution for the independence movement.
Karen Hollis
Karen Hollis is an American professor of psychology and education at Mount Holyoke College in South Hadley Massachusetts.  Hollis's research focusses on an evolutionary approach to learning and cognition in non human animals.  She served as the head of the American Psychological Association's sixth division (behavioural neuroscience and comparative psychology) from 2006 to 2007 and the third division (experimental psychology] from 2010 to 2011.  Hollis was the first woman to head the third division.  She has served on the editorial boards of many journals, including Animal Behaviour, Animal Learning & Behavior and the Journal of Comparative Psychology.

Hollis received a B.A. from Slippery Rock State College (now Slippery Rock University of Pennsylvania) and a Ph.D. from the University of Minnesota.

In 2016 Hollis was honored Comparative Cognition Society for her contributions to the study of animal cognition.

Learning & Behavior
Learning & Behavior is a quarterly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Springer Science+Business Media on behalf of the Psychonomic Society. The journal was established in 1973 as Animal Learning & Behavior, obtaining its current title in 2003. The founding editor-in-chief was Abram Amsel, the current editor is Lauren M. Guillette (University of Alberta). The journal covers research into fundamental processes underlying learning and behavior in animals (including humans).
Hossein Towfigh
Hossein Towfigh (July 20, 1929 – March 29, 2017) was a pioneer of Iranian press freedom and Editor-in-Chief of Towfigh Magazine, the most popular satirical weekly publication in Iran that was active for nearly half a century.

Amir-Abbas Hoveyda
Amir-Abbas Hoveyda (Persian: امیرعباس هویدا, romanized: Amīr 'Abbās Hoveyda; 18 February 1919 – 7 April 1979) was an Iranian economist and politician who served as Prime Minister of Iran from 27 January 1965 to 7 August 1977. He was the longest-serving prime minister in Iran's history. He also served as deputy prime minister and minister of finance in Mansur's cabinet. After the Iranian Revolution, he was tried by the newly established Revolutionary Court for "waging war against God" and spreading corruption on earth (Mofsed-e-filarz) and executed.
Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role
The Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role is an annual award presented by the Society of London Theatre in recognition of achievements in professional London theatre. The Oliviers were established as the Society of West End Theatre Awards in 1976, and renamed in 1984 in honour of English actor and director Laurence Olivier.

This award was first given in 1977, then was replaced in 1985 by the commingled actor/actress Best Performance in a Supporting Role, which replaced the 1977 to 1984 pair of Best Actor in a Supporting Role and Best Actress in a Supporting Role awards. From 1991 to 2012, the general supporting category vacillated at random between the commingled singular award (presented for 12 different seasons) and the pair of awards (presented for the other 11 seasons); the commingled award was last given in 2012, and the split pair of Best Actor and Best Actress awards have been presented every year since.

2012 Laurence Olivier Awards
The 2012 Laurence Olivier Awards were held on 15 April 2012 at the Royal Opera House, London.

The 2012 awards were sponsored by MasterCard and was streamed live online for with first time on the Olivier Awards's official website with live BBC Radio 2 coverage from Ken Bruce. The show was presented by Michael Ball and Imelda Staunton for the second year in a row.

Guest presenters included Zach Braff, Tyne Daly, David Suchet, Laurie Metcalf, Hayley Atwell, Jack Davenport, Jim Carter, Lenny Henry, Ronan Keating, James McAvoy, Patrick Stewart, Elaine Paige, Barbara Windsor and Zoë Wanamaker.
Erik Henningsen
Erik Ludvig Henningsen (29 August 1855 – 28 November 1930) was a Danish painter and illustrator. He is best known for his Social Realist paintings of poor and exposed groups in the 1880s and 1890s. He was the younger brother of Frants Henningsen who was also a painter.

Hirschsprung Collection
The Hirschsprung Collection (Danish: Den Hirschsprungske Samling) is an art museum located on Stockholmsgade in Copenhagen, Denmark. It is located in a parkland setting in Østre Anlæg, near the Danish National Gallery, and houses a large collection of Danish art from the 19th and early 20th century. The emphasis is on the Danish Golden Age, from 1800 to 1850, but also the Skagen Painters and other representatives of the Modern Breakthrough are well represented.

The museum is built around the personal art collection of Heinrich Hirschsprung, a tobacco manufacturer and patron of the arts who founded his art collection in 1865. Almost four decades later, in 1902, he donated it to the Danish state. It is displayed in a purpose-built Neoclassical museum building designed by Hermann Baagøe Storck and completed in 1911.
Medieval Serbian army
Serbia in the Middle Ages had an army that was well known for its strength and was among the strongest in the Balkans prior to the Ottoman conquest of Europe. Prior to the 14th century, the army consisted of European-style noble cavalry armed with bows and lances (replaced with crossbows in the 14th century) and infantry armed with spears, javelins and bows. With the economic growth from mining, mercenary knights from Western Europe were recruited to finalize and increase the effectiveness of the army, especially throughout 14th century.

Macedonia (region)
Macedonia (/ˌmæsɪˈdoʊniə/ ⓘ MASS-ih-DOH-nee-ə) is a geographical and historical region of the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe. Its boundaries have changed considerably over time; however, it came to be defined as the modern geographical region by the mid-19th century. Today the region is considered to include parts of six Balkan countries: all of North Macedonia, large parts of Greece and Bulgaria, and smaller parts of Albania, Serbia, and Kosovo. Greek Macedonia comprises about half of Macedonia's area and population.

Its oldest known settlements date back approximately to 7,000 BC. From the middle of the 4th century BC, the Kingdom of Macedon became the dominant power on the Balkan Peninsula; since then Macedonia has had a diverse history.
SS A. B. Hammond
SS A. B. Hammond was a liberty ship built by California Shipbuilding Corporation of Los Angeles, and delivered in February 1944, to the War Shipping Administration (WSA).

SS A. B. Hammond is named after Andrew B. Hammond, owner of the Hammond Lumber Company and Hammond Shipping Co. Ltd. During World War II Hammond Shipping Company was active in charter shipping with the Maritime Commission and War Shipping Administration. The ship was run by its Hammond Shipping Company crew and the US Navy supplied United States Navy Armed Guards to man the deck guns and radio. Hammond Shipping Co. Ltd. operated both Liberty and Victory ships.

In 1947 the War Shipping Administration sold the ship for private use. She was scrapped in 1963, following grounding damage.

United States Navy Armed Guard
The US Navy Armed Guard was a force of United States Navy gunners and related personnel established during World War II to protect U.S. merchant shipping from enemy attack.  A shortage of escort vessels to provide unarmed merchant vessels with adequate protection shifted the burden to onboard crews to help counter the constant danger presented by Axis submarines, surface raiders, fighter aircraft and bombers.   The NAG was headquartered in New Orleans, and had three training centers, at Norfolk, Virginia; San Diego, California; and Gulfport, Mississippi.  At the end of the war, there were 144,857 men serving in the Navy Armed Guard on 6,200 ships.
Paku Alam VI
Paku Alam VI, 6th Duke of Pakualaman between 1901 and 1902, as one of the shortest duration rulers in the history of Paku Alam and the Yogyakarta palaces.
Pakualaman (also written Paku Alaman) became a small hereditary Duchy within the Sultanate of Yogyakarta, as a mirror-image of Mangkunegaran in the territory of the Susuhunanate of Surakarta.

The son of Paku Alam V, Paku Alam VI was buried at Girigondo.

Susuhunan
Susuhunan, or in short version Sunan, is a title used by the monarchs of Mataram Sultanate and then by the hereditary rulers of Surakarta Sunanate.

Additionally in Bali and Surakarta, so-called "King of Kings" reigned with this title, while their kingdoms were called "Sunanates".

The name Susuhunan is also used as a romantic nickname for loved ones, but also for highly respected public figures. Lovers or mistresses were also referred to with this nickname outside in private. The abbreviation Sunan is also used as a given name.
RT2 (Rodalies de Catalunya)
The RT2 is a line of Rodalies de Catalunya's Tarragona commuter rail service, operated by Renfe Operadora. It links Port Aventura railway station in the Costa Daurada area with L'Arboç railway station, in Baix Penedès, through the city of Tarragona. The RT2 shares tracks for most of its length with regional rail lines R15, R16 and R17, as well as Barcelona commuter rail service line R4.

RT2 services started operating in 2014, initially running between L'Hospitalet de l'Infant and L'Arboç stations, again through Tarragona. It became the first commuter service to use the Valencia-Sant Vicenç de Calders railway, originally designed to serve regional as well as inter-city rail. On 13 January 2020, the RT2 was shortened, so that it began to operate in its current configuration. This shortening came up as a result of the opening of a new inland line between Tarragona and L'Ametlla de Mar, and the closure of the coastal line beyond Port Aventura.

Baix Penedès
Baix Penedès (Catalan pronunciation: [ˈbaʃ pənəˈðɛs]) is a comarca in the Penedès region, in Catalonia, Spain. The area has been settled since the times of the Iberians, with ancient ruins remaining in Banyeres at Can Canyís, at the village of Guàrdies and in Calafell at the villages of Toixoneres and la Ciutadella ("The Citadel"). The capital is El Vendrell.