hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Depressor consonant
A depressor consonant is a consonant that depresses (lowers) the tone of its or a neighboring syllable. This is a consequence of the phonation (type of voicing) of the consonant. The Nguni languages of South Africa are well known for the lowering effects of certain breathy consonants on tone, as are the Wu dialects of Chinese. Specific examples of languages with depressor consonants are Zulu and Shanghainese. Many other tonal languages may have depressor consonants that slightly lower the pitch, but do not have any phonemic effects, as is the case with Chichewa tones.

Phonation
The term phonation has slightly different meanings depending on the subfield of phonetics.  Among some phoneticians, phonation or phonating is the process by which the vocal cords, or vocal folds, produce certain sounds through quasi-periodic vibration. This is the definition used among those who study laryngeal anatomy and physiology and speech production in general. Phoneticians in other subfields, such as linguistic phonetics, call this process voicing, and use the term phonation to refer to any oscillatory state of any part of the larynx that modifies the airstream, of which voicing is just one example. Voiceless and supra-glottal phonations are included under this definition.
Shivabalayogi
Shri Shivabalayogi Maharaj (24 January 1935 – 28 March 1994) was an Indian yogi and spiritual teacher. Devotee and biographical accounts state that he undertook twelve years of tapas, meditating in samādhi for extended periods, and later led public meditation programs in India, Sri Lanka, the United Kingdom, and the United States.

According to devotee literature, following his tapas he was given the name “Shivabalayogi.” Sources explain the etymology as “a yogi devoted to Shiva and Parvati,” with Bala (Sanskrit: “child”) used as an epithet of Parvati; the name is also connected in these accounts to the concept of Ardhanarishvara. His teachings are described as grounded in Vedanta, emphasizing sādhanā (spiritual practice) toward self‑realization.

Sādhanā
Sādhanā (Sanskrit: साधना; Tibetan: སྒྲུབ་ཐབས་, THL: druptap; Chinese: 修行; pinyin: xiūxíng) is an ego-transcending  spiritual practice in Indian religions. It includes a variety of disciplines in Hindu, Buddhist and Jain traditions that are followed in order to achieve various spiritual or ritual objectives.

Sadhana is done for attaining detachment from worldly things, which can be a goal of a sadhu. Karma yoga, bhakti yoga and jnana yoga can also be described as sadhana; constant efforts to achieve maximum level of perfection in all streams of day-to-day life can be described as Sadhana.

Sādhanā can also refer to a tantric liturgy or liturgical manual, that is, the instructions to carry out a certain practice.
Ileal vessels
In anatomy, the ileal vessels are the arteries and veins which supply or drain the ileum, the final section of the small intestine.

These are:

Unnamed branches of the superior mesenteric artery (see also intestinal arteries)

Unnamed tributaries of the superior mesenteric vein

Superior mesenteric vein
In human anatomy, the superior mesenteric vein (SMV) is a blood vessel that drains blood from the small intestine (jejunum and ileum). Behind the neck of the pancreas, the superior mesenteric vein combines with the splenic vein to form the portal vein that carries blood to the liver. The superior mesenteric vein lies to the right of the similarly named artery, the superior mesenteric artery, which originates from the abdominal aorta.
Diana and Destiny
Diana and Destiny is a 1916 British silent drama film directed by Floyd Martin Thornton and starring Evelyn Boucher, Wyndham Guise and Roy Travers. It was made at Catford Studios, and based on a 1905 novel by Charles Garvice.

Catford Studios
Catford Studios was a British film studio located in Southend, London, just southeast of Catford in Southeast London which operated from 1914 to 1921. It was also known as the Windsor Studios.

The studio was constructed in 1914, and produced a number of notable films during the First World War such as Tom Brown's Schooldays and the first Edgar Wallace adaptation The Man Who Bought London. After the war the studio was acquired by the Broadwest Company of Walter West who used it largely as an overflow facility for his main base at Walthamstow Studios. When Broadwest ran into financial problems, the studio was closed.
Ersin Tatar
Ersin Tatar (born 7 September 1960) is a Turkish Cypriot politician who served as the fifth President of Northern Cyprus from 2020 to 2025. He previously served as the fourth Prime Minister of Northern Cyprus following the collapse of Tufan Erhürman's coalition government in 2019, and remained so until his election as president. He was also the leader of the National Unity Party (UBP) and Leader of the Opposition from 2018 until his election.

Leader of the Opposition
The Leader of the Opposition is a title traditionally held by the leader of the largest political party not in government, typical in countries utilizing the parliamentary system form of government. The leader of the opposition is typically seen as an alternative prime minister (or other similar office, such as premier, minister-president, first minister, or chief minister) to the incumbent; in the Westminster system, they head a rival alternative government known as the shadow cabinet or opposition front bench. The same term is also used to refer to the leader of the largest political party that is not in government in subnational state, provincial, and other regional and local legislatures.

The full title for the Leader of the Opposition is the Leader of His Majesty's Most Loyal Opposition in the United Kingdom and in many Commonwealth realms.
Crocallis tusciaria
Crocallis tusciaria, the smoky scalloped oak, is a species of moth of the family Geometridae. It is found from Morocco through southern Europe and Asia Minor to the Caucasus, northern Iran and Turkmenistan. The eastern range extends to the southern Ural.

The wingspan is 31–40 mm. Adults are on wing from August to October in one generation per year.

The larvae feed on the leaves of various plants, including Prunus spinosa, Clematis vitalba, Crataegus, Frangula alnus and Berberis vulgaris. Larvae can be found from May to June. The species overwinters as an egg.

Frangula alnus
Frangula alnus, commonly known as alder buckthorn, glossy buckthorn, or breaking buckthorn, is a tall deciduous shrub in the family Rhamnaceae. Unlike other "buckthorns", alder buckthorn does not have thorns. It is native to Europe, northernmost Africa, and western Asia, from Ireland and Great Britain north to the 68th parallel in Scandinavia, east to central Siberia and Xinjiang in western China, and south to northern Morocco, Turkey, and the Alborz in Iran and the Caucasus Mountains; in the northwest of its range (Ireland, Scotland), it is rare and scattered. It is also introduced and naturalised in eastern North America.
Canadian corporate law
Canadian corporate law concerns the operation of corporations in Canada, which can be established under either federal or provincial authority.

Federal incorporation of for-profit corporations is governed by Corporations Canada under the Canada Business Corporations Act. All of the Canadian provinces and territories also have laws permitting (and governing) the incorporation of corporations within their area of jurisdiction. Often, the choice of whether to incorporate federally or provincially will be based on many business considerations, such as scope of business and the desire for application of particular rules which may be available under one corporate statute but not another.

Peoples Department Stores Inc (Trustee of) v Wise
Peoples Department Stores Inc (Trustee of) v Wise, 2004 SCC 68 is a major Supreme Court of Canada decision on the scope of the fiduciary duty upon directors and officers of a corporation. When examining the duty of directors under section 122(1) of the Canada Business Corporations Act ("CBCA"), the Court held that there is a distinction between the interests of the corporation and those of the stakeholders and creditors.
A and T Recovery
A and T Recovery (Allan Olson and Taras Lyssenko) is an American company that has the primary purpose to locate and recover once lost World War II United States Navy aircraft for presentation to the American public. They have recovered nearly forty such aircraft, mainly from Lake Michigan.  The aircraft were lost during the aircraft carrier qualification conducted out of the former Naval Air Station Glenview that was located north of Chicago, Illinois.  The Navy had used two ships, the USS Wolverine (IX-64) and the USS Sable (IX-81), to qualify thousands of pilots.

Air Zoo
The Air Zoo, founded as the Kalamazoo Aviation History Museum, is an aviation museum and indoor amusement park next to the Kalamazoo-Battle Creek International Airport in Portage, Michigan. The Air Zoo holds many historical and rare aircraft, including the world's fastest air-breathing aircraft, the SR-71B Blackbird. Many of its antique planes are airworthy. Among its other attractions are a 180-degree theater that projects a simulation of a B-17 bombing mission during World War II; and various amusement rides, including flight simulators of a rocket trip to Mars, a U.S. Navy (former Blue Angel) F/A-18 Hornet, a stunt biplane, a hot air balloon, a U.S. Navy F-14A Tomcat that served aboard USS America, and more. Air Zoo is a Smithsonian Affiliate.
Stahlman Point
Stahlman Point is a mountain that lies in Linn County, Oregon, in the Willamette National Forest about two miles south of the town of Detroit.

Stahlman Point is best known for being a hiking area. The top provides views of Detroit Lake, the small town of Idanha, and Mt. Jefferson.

Detroit Lake
Detroit Lake is a reservoir impounded by the Detroit Dam on the North Santiam River 46 miles (74 km) southeast of Salem, Oregon, United States.
The lake is adjacent to Oregon Route 22 near the city of Detroit.
This mesotrophic lake stores water for use by the city of Salem and other nearby communities.
Harpua
"Harpua" is a Phish song that was a staple of their live concerts, but has now become a rarity and has only been performed live. Its first appearance on an album was on
Live Phish Volume 2, a 2001 release featuring a concert from 1994. Though it follows the same basic structure in every performance (see The Divided Sky and You Enjoy Myself for other examples of songs in which variation occurs within a fixed structure), Trey Anastasio narrates a different story at every concert.

The song's introduction is an a cappella "oom pah pah" melody sung by all members of the band.

After its first appearance on record, the song later appeared on Live Phish Volume 13 (2002, recorded 1994), Live Phish Volume 14 (2002, recorded 1995), Colorado '88 (2006, recorded 1988), Vegas 96 (2007, recorded 1996 and featuring Les Claypool and Larry LaLonde), The Clifford Ball (2009, recorded 1996) and Chicago '94 (2012, recorded 1994).

Page McConnell
Page Samuel McConnell (born May 17, 1963) is an American multi-instrumentalist, most noted for his work as the keyboardist and a songwriter for the band Phish.

McConnell joined Phish in 1985, and is the only member of its long-standing quartet lineup to not be an original member of the band. McConnell has been part of a number of other side projects, including leading the electronic jazz fusion band Vida Blue and acting as a session musician for the comedy rock duo Tenacious D. He released his debut solo album, Page McConnell, in 2007.
Pacific Games Council
The Pacific Games Council (PGC; French: Conseil des Jeux du Pacifique, CJP) is the sports governing body for the Pacific Games, a multi-sport competition involving nations and territories across the Pacific region. The Council is responsible for managing and coordinating the Games, supporting the growth of sport throughout the Pacific, and promoting regional unity and cultural exchange through athletic competition.

In addition to the main event, the PGC administers the Pacific Mini Games, which are staged every four years between the main Games. It collaborates with national Olympic committees, governmental bodies, and sporting federations to enhance sports development and performance standards within the region.

Multi-sport event
A multi-sport event is an organized sporting event, often held over multiple days, featuring competition in many different sports among organized teams of athletes from (mostly) nation-states. The first major, modern, multi-sport event of international significance was the Olympic Games, first held in modern times in 1896 in Athens, Greece, and inspired by the ancient Olympic Games, one of a number of such events held in antiquity. Most modern multi-sport events have the same basic structure. Games are held over the 
course of several days in and around a "host city", which changes for each competition. Countries send national teams to each competition, consisting of individual athletes and teams that compete in a wide variety of sports.  Athletes or teams are awarded gold, silver or bronze medals for first, second and third place respectively. Each game is generally held every four years, though some are annual competitions.
Sahlqvist formula
In modal logic, Sahlqvist formulas are a certain kind of modal formula with remarkable properties. The Sahlqvist correspondence theorem states that every Sahlqvist formula is canonical, and corresponds to a class of Kripke frames definable by a first-order formula.

Sahlqvist's definition characterizes a decidable set of modal formulas with first-order correspondents. Since it is undecidable, by Chagrova's theorem, whether an arbitrary modal formula has a first-order correspondent, there are formulas with first-order frame conditions that are not Sahlqvist [Chagrova 1991] (see the examples below). Hence Sahlqvist formulas define only a (decidable) subset of modal formulas with first-order correspondents.

Computable set
In computability theory, a set of natural numbers is computable (or decidable or recursive) if there is an algorithm that computes the membership of every natural number in a finite number of steps. A set is noncomputable (or undecidable) if it is not computable.
Guzik (surname)
Guzik is a Polish surname meaning "button". Notable people with the surname include:

Alberto Guzik (1944–2010), Brazilian actor

Anna Guzik (born 1976), Polish actress

Grzegorz Guzik (born 1991), Polish biathlete

Jake Guzik (1886–1956), American mobster

John Guzik (linebacker) (1936–2012), American football player

John Guzik (defensive lineman) (born 1962), American football player

Jolanta Guzik (born 1981), Polish chess master

Martin Guzik (born 1974), Czech footballer

Tomasz Guzik (born 1974), Polish scientist

John Guzik (linebacker)
John Paul Guzik III (July 12, 1936 – January 22, 2012) was an American professional football player who played three seasons in the National Football League (NFL) and American Football League (AFL) with the Los Angeles Rams and Houston Oilers. He was selected by the Rams in the fourth round of the 1958 NFL draft after playing college football at the University of Pittsburgh, where he was a consensus All-American in 1958. He was a member of the Oilers team that won the 1961 AFL championship.
Pilchowo, Szczecin
Pilchowo is a part of the city of Szczecin, Poland situated on the left bank of Oder river, north-west of the Szczecin Old Town and Downtown.

The area became part of the emerging Polish state under its first ruler Mieszko I around 967, and following Poland's fragmentation it formed part of the Duchy of Pomerania. During the Thirty Years' War, the settlement fell to the Swedish Empire. Later on, it passed to Prussia, and from 1871 to 1945 it was part of Germany, within which it was known as Polchow

Oder
The Oder (/ˈoʊ.dər/ OH-dər; Czech and Polish: Odra) is a river in Central Europe. It is Poland's second-longest river and third-longest within its borders after the Vistula and its largest tributary the Warta. The Oder rises in the Czech Republic and flows 742 kilometres (461 mi) through western Poland, later forming 187 kilometres (116 mi) of the border between Poland and Germany as part of the Oder–Neisse line. The river ultimately flows into the Szczecin Lagoon north of Szczecin and then into three branches (the Dziwna, Świna and Peene) that empty into the Bay of Pomerania of the Baltic Sea.
2003 ICC Africa/East Asia-Pacific Under-19 Championship
The 2003 ICC Africa/East Asia-Pacific Under-19 Championship was a cricket tournament held in Namibia from 4–9 October 2003, during the 2003–04 international season.

All matches were held in the capital Windhoek.

Papua New Guinea won the tournament by defeating Uganda in the final, with both teams qualifying for the 2004 Under-19 World Cup in Bangladesh. Kenyan batsman Malhar Patel led the competition in runs scored, while Papua New Guinea's William Harry and Uganda's Patrick Ochan took the most wickets.

The tournament was jointly organised by the African Cricket Association (ACA) and ICC East Asia-Pacific (EAP), the first time such an arrangement had occurred. Eight teams (six African and two EAP) participated, divided into two pools for the group stages. Another joint tournament was held in 2005, for the 2006 World Cup, but separate qualifying tournaments have been held since then – the ICC Africa Under-19 Championships and the EAP Under-19 Cricket Trophy.

Malhar Patel
Malhar L Patel (born 27 November 1983) is a former Kenyan cricketer. A right-handed middle order batsman, he made his One Day International debut in the 2004 Champions Trophy match versus Pakistan at Edgbaston in Birmingham.
Listed buildings in Downham, Lancashire
Downham is a civil parish in Ribble Valley, Lancashire, England.  It contains 43 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England.  Of these, three are at Grade II*, the middle grade, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade.  The parish contains the village of Downham and surrounding countryside.  Most of the listed buildings are in the village, and include Downham Hall and associated structures, houses and cottages, a church, a public house, a school, milestones, a bridge, and a set of stocks.  Outside the village the listed buildings are farmhouses and farm buildings.

Stocks
Stocks are feet restraining devices that were used as a form of corporal punishment and public humiliation. The use of stocks is seen as early as Ancient Greece, where they are described as being in use in Solon's law code. The law describing its use is cited by the orator Lysias: "'He shall have his or her foot confined in the stocks for five days, if the court shall make such addition to the sentence.' The 'stocks' there mentioned, Theomnestus, are what we now call 'confinement in the wood'" (Lys. 10.16).
Marthinus
Marthinus or Martinus is an old Dutch, Danish or Norwegian male given name - a Latinised form of Martin.

Notable people with this name include:

Marthinus Bekker (1933–2022), South African Navy officer

Marthinus Jacobus Oosthuizen (1818–1897), South African voortrekker

Marthinus Otto (born 1980), South African cricketer

Marthinus du Plessis (born 1932), South African pentathlete

Marthinus Wessel Pretorius (1819–1901), South African politician

Marthinus Prinsloo (1838–1903), Orange Free State farmer, politician and commander-in-chief in the Second Boer War

Marthinus Nikolaas Ras (1853–1900), South African farmer

Marthinus van Schalkwyk (born 1959), South African politician

Marthinus Theunis Steyn (1857–1916), South African lawyer, politician, and statesman

Marthinus Strydom (born 1965), South African investor

Martinus Thomsen (1890–1981), Danish author, philosopher and mystic.

Marthinus Versfeld or Martin Versfeld (1909–1995), South African philosopher

Marthinus Jacobus Oosthuizen
Marthinus Jacobus Oosthuizen (October 14, 1818 – April 2, 1897) was a Voortrekker farmer known for his heroism in battle.

He was born near Uitenhage and joined the "Groot Trek" (Great Trek). He became famous for his heroism during a battle on 16 February 1838 shortly after the murder of Piet Retief and his delegation, and the massacres of Weenen and Bloukrans. After taking his own family to safety, he joined other men of his "trek" to await the coming Zulu army. When they eventually ran out of ammunition, he mounted his horse and stormed right through the ranks of an estimated 1,500 Zulus, fetched gunpowder and bullets from one of the wagons, and then returned the same way right through the army of the surprised Zulus. He eventually settled on a farm in Natal where he died in 1897.
Gone Too Far (Eddie Rabbitt song)
"Gone Too Far" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Eddie Rabbitt. It was released in February 1980 as the third single from the album Loveline. The song was Rabbitt's sixth number one on the country chart. The single stayed at number one for a single week and spent a total of ten weeks on the country chart.  It was written by Rabbitt, Even Stevens and David Malloy.

Eddie Rabbitt
Edward Thomas Rabbitt (November 27, 1941 – May 7, 1998) was an American country music singer and songwriter. His career began as a songwriter in the late 1960s, springboarding to a recording career after composing hits such as "Kentucky Rain" for Elvis Presley in 1970 and "Pure Love" for Ronnie Milsap in 1974. Later in the 1970s, Rabbitt helped to develop the crossover-influenced sound of country music prevalent in the 1980s with such hits as "Suspicions", "I Love a Rainy Night" (a number-one hit single on the Billboard Hot 100), "Drivin' My Life Away" and "Every Which Way but Loose" (the theme from the film of the same title). His duets "Both to Each Other (Friends and Lovers)" with Juice Newton and "You and I" with Crystal Gayle later appeared on the soap operas Days of Our Lives and All My Children.
Lena Blackbird
Lena Marie Blackbird (August 23, 1933 – December 6, 2021) was an American Cherokee artist who lived in Tahlequah, Oklahoma. She was best known for her Cherokee double-walled basket weaving. She was the first of the Cherokee basket makers to decorate the tops of her baskets and incorporate vases within her baskets. Blackbird's customary artist mark is seen in a chain pattern on the top of her baskets.

Tahlequah, Oklahoma
Tahlequah (/ˈtæləkwɑː/ TAL-ə-kwah; Cherokee: ᏓᎵᏆ, daligwa [dàlígʷá]) is a city in Cherokee County, Oklahoma located at the foothills of the Ozark Mountains. It is part of the Green Country region of Oklahoma and was established as a capital of the 19th-century Cherokee Nation in 1839, as part of the new settlement in Indian Territory after the Cherokee Native Americans were forced west from the American Southeast on the Trail of Tears.

As of the 2020 census, Tahlequah had a population of 16,209.

Tahlequah is the capital of the two federally recognized Cherokee tribes based in Oklahoma, the modern Cherokee Nation and the United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians. Tahlequah is also the county seat of Cherokee County. The main campus of Northeastern State University is located in the city.
Hanna Marusava
Hanna Anatoleuna Marusava, née Karasiova (Belarusian: Ганна Анатолеўна Марусава (Карасёва); born 8 January 1978 in Mogilev) is an athlete from Belarus. She competes in archery.

Karasiova represented Belarus at the 2004 Summer Olympics.  She placed 62nd in the women's individual ranking round with a 72-arrow score of 588.  In the first round of elimination, she faced 3rd-ranked Yun Mi Jin of Korea. Karasiova lost 162–155 in the 18-arrow match, placing 37th overall in women's individual archery.

In 2021, she represented Belarus at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan in the team and individual events. Her team (she, Karyna Kazlouskaya, and Karyna Dziominskaya) placed fourth. She also competed at the 2021 World Archery Championships held in Yankton, United States.

Archery at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's individual
The women's individual archery event was one of five archery events held at the 2020 Summer Olympics. It was held at Yumenoshima Park. There were 64 competitors from 40 nations, with each nation having either 1 or 3 archers.