hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fortress of São João (Rio de Janeiro)
The Fortress of São João da Barra do Rio de Janeiro (Portuguese: Fortaleza de São João da Barra do Rio de Janeiro), commonly known as the Fortress of São João or São João Fort, is a 16th-century star fort in the present-day Urca neighborhood of Rio de Janeiro, erected by Estácio de Sá to protect Guanabara Bay from French invasion.

Bastion fort
A bastion fort or trace italienne (a phrase derived from non-standard French, meaning 'Italian outline') is a fortification in a style developed during the early modern period in response to the ascendancy of gunpowder weapons such as cannon, which rendered earlier medieval approaches to fortification obsolete. It appeared in the mid-fifteenth century in Italy. Some types, especially when combined with ravelins and other outworks, resembled the related star fort of the same era.

The design of the fort is normally a polygon with bastions at the corners of the walls. These outcroppings eliminated protected blind spots, called "dead zones", and allowed fire along the curtain wall from positions protected from direct fire. Many bastion forts also feature cavaliers, which are raised secondary structures based entirely inside the primary structure.
Clara Chinwe Nnabuife
Chinwe Clara Nnabuife Listenⓘ (born September 28, 1971) is a Nigerian politician and lawmaker. She currently represents Orumba North/Orumba South state constituency in the 10th National Assembly under the platform of Young Progressives Party.

Young Progressives Party
The Young Progressives Party (YPP) is a social-democratic political party in Nigeria. The party was created to challenge the two major contemporary parties in Nigeria, the People's Democratic Party and the All Progressives Congress. In its manifesto, it called for concerted efforts to improve welfare, fight for social justice and provide equality of opportunities for all citizens in Nigeria. The Young Progressive Party won one seat out of the 109 seats in the Nigerian Senate during the 2019 general elections.
Finnfjordbotn
Finnfjordbotn (Norwegian) or Vuotnabahta (Northern Sami), popularly known as Finnsnes Øst, is a village in Senja Municipality in Troms county, Norway. It is a suburb of the neighboring town of Finnsnes and is located 4 km (2.5 mi) east of the city center at the intersection where Norwegian County Road 86 and Norwegian County Road 855 meet. The district, which has approx. 600 inhabitants (with Finnfjord 783 inhabitants, 2009), includes some housing estates from the 1970s and 1980s, but it is especially the industry that is dominant. At Botnhågen, there are several small industries and other commercial buildings, including a bakery, waste incineration plant, car dealers and car inspections 1.5 km (0.93 mi) south towards Sørreisa is the Finnfjord smelter.

Finnfjord smelter is located in Finnfjordbotn and produces approximately 100,000 tonnes of ferrosilicon a year.

Northern Sámi
Northern Sámi (or North Sámi; US: /ˈsɑːmi/ SAH-mee, UK: also /ˈsæmi/ SAM-ee; Northern Sami: davvisámegiella [ˈtavːiːˌsaːmeˌkie̯lːa]; Finnish: pohjoissaame [ˈpohjoi̯sˌsɑːme]; Norwegian: nordsamisk; Swedish: nordsamiska; disapproved exonym Lappish or Lapp) is the most widely spoken of all Sámi languages. The area where Northern Sámi is spoken covers the northern parts of Norway, Sweden and Finland.
187 Ride or Die
187 Ride or Die is a 2005 urban street racing vehicular combat video game developed and published by Ubisoft. It was released for the PlayStation 2 and Xbox in late August 2005 in North America and Europe. A port for the PlayStation Portable developed by Virtuos was released only in Europe in March 2006 under the title Street Riders.

Virtuos
Virtuos Ltd is a Singaporean video game development company headquartered in Fusionopolis, Singapore, with studios across Asia, Europe, and North America. Virtuos specializes in game development and art production for AAA consoles, PC, and mobile titles. Virtuos does not develop its own original games; instead, it works as an external developer for other companies.
1997 European Promotion Cup for Junior Women
The 1997 European Promotion Cup for Junior Women was the first edition of the basketball European Promotion Cup for U18 women's teams, today known as the FIBA U18 Women's European Championship Division C. It was played in Rabat, Malta, from 15 to 19 July 1997. Ireland women's national under-18 basketball team won the tournament.

FIBA U18 Women's EuroBasket
The FIBA U18 Women's EuroBasket is the new name for the FIBA U18 Women's European Championship, originally known as the FIBA European Championship for Junior Women. It's a women's youth basketball competition that was inaugurated with the 1965 edition. The current champions are Spain, having beaten Finland in the 2025 final.
Franwilsia bastowii
Franwilsia bastowii is a species of ramicolous (twig-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. Found in Australia, it was formally described as a new species in 2009 by lichenologists Sergey Kondratyuk and Ingvar Kärnefelt. It was transferred to the genus Franwilsia in 2014. The species epithet bastowii honours the Scottish naturalist Richard Austin Bastow, who collected the type specimen in Mornington (Gippsland plain) in 1901. The lichen is known to occur in Western Australia, South Australia, and Victoria, where it grows on the twigs of various shrubs and trees.

Ingvar Kärnefelt
Jan Eric Ingvar Kärnefelt (born 1944) is a Swedish lichenologist. Educated at the University of Gothenburg and Lund University, he is known for monographic work on Cetraria and related parmelioid genera and for organising the 1992 International Association for Lichenology (IAL) meeting in southern Sweden. He later directed the biological museums at Lund and retired in 2011. He also helped build national biodiversity infrastructure and led work documenting threatened lichens in southern Sweden.
Islas Marías Biosphere Reserve
The Islas Marías (or Mary's Island) Biosphere Reserve (established 2010) is a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve located in the Islas Marías in the municipality (municipio) of San Blas, Nayarit, Mexico. The 641,284.73 hectares (2,476.0142 sq mi) reserve includes ecosystems with a great wealth of species of biological, economic, scientific and cultural relevance. Its biological wealth is to be found in the dry forests of its landscape, in the mangroves, the succulent rosette scrubland, the reefs, coasts and pelagic environments it harbors.

Man and the Biosphere Programme
The Man and the Biosphere Programme (MAB) is an intergovernmental scientific program, launched in 1970 by UNESCO, that aims to establish a scientific basis for the 'improvement of relationships' between people and their environments.

MAB engages with the international development agenda, especially the Sustainable Development Goals and the Post 2015 Development Agenda. The MAB programme provides a platform for cooperation in research and development. As of July 2024, 759 sites across 136 countries, including 22 transboundary sites, have been included in the World Network of Biosphere Reserves.  The reserves cover more than 5% of the world’s surface and are home to over 260 million people.
1989 Champion Spark Plug 400
The 1989 Champion Spark Plug 400 was the 19th stock car race of the 1989 NASCAR Winston Cup Series season and the 20th iteration of the event. The race was held on Sunday, August 20, 1989, before an audience of 80,000 in Brooklyn, Michigan, at Michigan International Speedway, a two-mile (3.2 km) moderate-banked D-shaped speedway. The race took the scheduled 200 laps to complete. At race's end, Blue Max Racing driver Rusty Wallace would manage to dominate a majority of the race, leading 162 laps en route to his 15th career NASCAR Winston Cup Series victory and his fifth victory of the season. To fill out the top three, RahMoc Enterprises driver Morgan Shepherd and Jackson Bros. Motorsports driver Harry Gant would finish second and third, respectively.

Andy Petree Racing
Andy Petree Racing (APR) was a NASCAR team that won 12 races. Originally formed in 1985 as Jackson Bros. Motorsports, its ownership changed hands several times over the years, with three different owners from its beginning to its closure in 2004. The team was based out of North Carolina, and was always a steady competitor for the win despite never winning a championship.
Rhosneigr
Rhosneigr (Welsh: [r̥oːsˈnɛiɡr] ⓘ) is a village in the south-west of  Anglesey, north Wales. It is situated on the A4080 road. It is south-east of Holyhead, and is on the Anglesey Coastal Path. From the clock tower in the village centre, RAF Valley and Holyhead Mountain (Mynydd Twr) can be seen. The towns of Holyhead and Llangefni and the city of Bangor are all within easy travelling distance.

The village contains four caravan sites, three campsites, holiday homes and bungalows, pubs, hotels, cafes, a village hall, a chapel, residential homes, a school, a fire station, a convenience store and post office, a pharmacy and a fish and chip shop. It is served by Rhosneigr railway station.

Fish-and-chip shop
A fish-and-chip shop, sometimes referred to as a chip shop or chippy, is a business which specialises in selling fish and chips. Usually, fish-and-chip shops provide takeaway service, although some have seating facilities. Fish-and-chip shops may also sell other foods, including variations on their core offering such as battered sausage and burgers, to regional cuisine such as Indian food.
Mullaghmast
Mullaghmast (Irish: Mullach Maistín; modern English spelling: Mullamast) is a hill in the south of County Kildare, Ireland, near the village of Ballitore and near the borders with counties Wicklow, Laois and Carlow. It was an important site in prehistory, in early history and again in more recent times. It is classed as a National Monument by the Department of the Environment, Community and Local Government.

Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage
The Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage (Irish: An Roinn Tithíochta, Rialtais Áitiúil agus Oidhreachta) is a department of the Government of Ireland. It is led by the Minister for Housing, Local Government and Heritage.
Let's Dance 2010
Let's Dance 2010 was the fifth season of the Swedish version of the celebrity dance show Strictly Come Dancing. It was broadcast on the Swedish free-to-air television channel TV4, starting on 8 January 2010 and ending on 26 March 2010.

Quickstep
The quickstep is a light-hearted dance of the standard ballroom dances. The movement of the dance is fast and powerfully flowing and sprinkled with syncopations. The upbeat melodies that quickstep is danced to make it suitable for both formal and informal events. Its origins are in combination of slow foxtrot combined with the Charleston, a dance which was one of the precursors to what today is called swing dancing.
Terry Stretton
Terry Kevin Stretton (23 May 1953 – 12 December 2018) was an English cricketer. Stretton was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born at Cosby, Leicestershire.

Stretton made his first-class debut for Leicestershire against Oxford University in 1972. On the fringes of the Leicestershire first eleven, he made a further appearance in 1972 against Yorkshire in the County Championship, while the following season he made a single appearance in the 1973 County Championship against Lancashire. He made two further first-class appearances in 1974, against the touring Pakistanis and Middlesex in the County Championship, before making a final first-class appearance against the touring Australians in 1975. In his six first-class appearances, he took 4 wickets at an average of 84.50, with best figures of 2/71. With the bat, he scored 20 runs at a batting average of 5.00, with a high score of 6 not out.

Stretton died in December 2018 following a brief illness.

Cosby, Leicestershire
Cosby is a village in the English county of Leicestershire. Cosby is located in the south of the county near the larger villages and towns of Whetstone, Blaby, Wigston and Oadby. Its proximity to the city of Leicester means it is part of the Leicester Urban Area. The village is administered by Blaby District Council. Cosby has a brook which runs through the village and eventually serves as a tributary to the River Soar, then runs into the river Humber and then into the North Sea. Even though The Wash is 59 miles away there is no source of the river in Cosby.  London is 80 miles away, and the closest airports are East Midlands Airport (EMA) and Birmingham Airport (BHX)

The village's name probably means 'farm/settlement of Cossa'. 'Farm/settlement of Kofsi' has also been suggested.
Bradbury Norton
Bradbury Norton (23 August 1834 – 21 February 1917) was an English lawyer and amateur cricketer.

Norton was born at Town Malling in Kent. He played in ten first-class cricket matches for Kent between his debut in 1858, and his final match in 1866. Norton's brother, William South Norton, was captain of the Kent team at the time and honorary secretary of the county club formed at Maidstone in 1859. As well as playing for Kent, Norton also made appearances for the Gentlemen of Kent between 1860 and 1869. Another brother, Selby Norton, made a single first-class appearance for Kent as an emergency replacement in 1863 and a cousin, William Norton, played for them three times.

Professionally Norton was a lawyer working in Kent. He died in 1917 at Taltal in Chile aged 82.

Maidstone
Maidstone is the largest town in the county of Kent in South East England, of which it is also the county town. Maidstone is historically important and lies 32 miles (51 km) east-south-east of London. The River Medway runs through the centre of the town, linking it with Rochester and the Thames Estuary. Historically, the river carried much of the town's trade as the centre of the agricultural county of Kent, which is known as the Garden of England. There is evidence of settlement in the area dating back before the Stone Age. The town, part of the borough of Maidstone, had an approximate population of 100,000 in 2019. Since World War II, the town's economy has shifted from heavy industry towards light industry and services.
Marian P. Opala
Marian Peter Opala (January 20, 1921 – October 11, 2010) was a Polish-American lawyer and jurist who served as a justice of the Oklahoma Supreme Court from 1978 to 2010. Opala was appointed to the state's highest court in 1978 by Governor David Boren. Prior to his appointment as a Supreme Court Justice, Opala served the State of Oklahoma in various positions, including Assistant County Attorney for Oklahoma County, Administrative Director of the Oklahoma State Court System, and as a judge on the Oklahoma Workers' Compensation Court.

Oklahoma County, Oklahoma
Oklahoma County is a county located in the central part of the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of the 2020 census, the population was 796,292, making it the most populous county in Oklahoma. The county seat is Oklahoma City, the state capital and largest city. Oklahoma County is at the heart of the Oklahoma City metropolitan statistical area. Oklahoma County is one of seven counties in the United States to share the same name as the state it is located in (the other six being Arkansas County, Hawaii County, Idaho County, Iowa County, New York County (Manhattan), and Utah County), and the only one of the seven to contain the state capital, and one of two to contain a city of the same name as well.
The Boat Race 1912
The 69th Boat Race was a side-by-side rowing race between crews from the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge along the River Thames which took place on 30 March 1912, with a re-row on 1 April 1912. The event is held annually between the universities. Oxford went into the race as reigning champions, having won The Boat Race 1911. Umpired by former Cambridge rower Frederick I. Pitman, the first running of the race ended with Cambridge sinking and Oxford waterlogged. Pitman declared the result as "No Race", and in the subsequent re-row the following Monday, the race was won by Oxford by six lengths. Oxford's fourth consecutive victory made the overall record in the event 38–30 in their favour (the 34th edition, The Boat Race 1877, had ended in a dead heat and so was not counted towards either team's total).

Coxswain (rowing)
In a rowing crew, the coxswain (/ˈkɒksən/ KOK-sən or /ˈkɒksweɪn/ KOK-swayn; colloquially known as the cox or coxie) is a crewmember who does not row but directs the boat. The coxswain sits facing the bow, unlike the rowers, and is responsible for steering the boat and coordinating the power and rhythm of the rowers. The coxswain's role while on the water is similar to that of an assistant coach or team captain, and they are sometimes also called upon to implement the training regimen or race plan.

In most racing, coxswains may be of either sex regardless of the sex of the rowers. Often they are women, since women are more likely to be near the ideal weight of a cox, which is 110 lbs or 120 lbs for USRowing and 55 kg for World Rowing (see Sex, and Weight, below).
Auriscalpium barbatum
Auriscalpium barbatum is a species of spine fungus in the family Auriscalpiaceae of the Russulales order. Found in Western Australia in 1977 embedded on fragments of humus in sandy soil, it was described as new to science by the Dutch mycologist Rudolph Arnold Maas Geesteranus in 1978.

Hydnoid fungi
The hydnoid fungi are a group of fungi in the Basidiomycota with basidiocarps (fruit bodies) producing spores on pendant, tooth-like or spine-like projections. They are colloquially called tooth fungi. Originally such fungi were referred to the genus Hydnum ("hydnoid" means Hydnum-like), but it is now known that not all hydnoid species are closely related.
Bannercatch
Bannercatch is a video game version of Capture the flag published by Scholastic in 1984 for the Apple II and Commodore 64. An edutainment game, Bannercatch allows up to two players (each alternating between two characters in the game world) to compete against a team of four computer-controlled robots.

Educational entertainment
Educational entertainment, also referred to by the portmanteau edutainment, is media designed to educate through entertainment. The term has been used as early as 1933. Most often it includes content intended to teach but has incidental entertainment value. It has been used by academia, corporations, governments, and other entities in various countries to disseminate information in classrooms and/or via television, radio, and other media to influence viewers' opinions and behaviors.
Overmedication
Overmedication describes the excessive use of over-the-counter or prescription medicines for a person. Overmedication can have harmful effects, such as non-adherence or interactions with multiple prescription drugs.

Prescription drug
A prescription drug (also prescription medication, prescription medicine or prescription-only medication) is a pharmaceutical drug that is permitted to be dispensed only to those with a medical prescription. In contrast, over-the-counter drugs can be obtained without a prescription. The reason for this difference in substance control is the potential scope of misuse, from drug abuse to practising medicine without a license and without sufficient education. Different jurisdictions have different definitions of what constitutes a prescription drug.

In North America, ℞, usually printed as "Rx", is used as an abbreviation of the word "prescription". It is a contraction of the Latin word "recipe" (an imperative form of "recipere") meaning "take". Prescription drugs are often dispensed together with a monograph (in Europe, a Patient Information Leaflet or PIL) that gives detailed information about the drug.

The use of prescription drugs has been increasing since the 1960s.
William Smith (teacher)
William Macdonald Smith GCOB (25 June 1939 – 21 August 2024) was a South African science and mathematics teacher who was best known for his maths and science lessons on television. Born in Makhanda (Grahamstown), he is the son of the ichthyologist Margaret Mary Smith and Professor J. L. B. Smith, the renowned chemist and ichthyologist who identified the coelacanth.

Order of the Baobab
The Order of the Baobab is a South African civilian national honour, awarded to those for service in business and the economy; science, medicine, and for technological innovation; and community service. It was instituted on 6 December 2002, and is awarded annually by the President of South Africa. The order is named after the baobab tree, which was chosen as a symbol because of its endurance and tolerance, its vitality, its importance in agro-forestry systems, and its use as a meeting place in traditional African societies.

Until the Order of Luthuli and the Order of Ikhamanga were established in 2004, the Order of the Baobab also covered service in the fields now covered by those orders.
Sithu Pauk Hla of Yamethin
Sithu of Yamethin (Burmese: ရမည်းသင်း စည်သူ, pronounced [jəmɛ́ðɪ́ɰ̃ sìðù]; c. before 1368 – c. 1413), also known by his birth name Pauk Hla ([paʊʔ l̥a̰]), was governor of Yamethin from 1400 to c. 1413. He was the eldest child of Chief Minister Min Yaza, and also served as a senior commander in the Royal Ava armed forces. He fought in all the major campaigns of the Forty Years' War between 1408 and 1412.

Burmese names
Burmese names (Burmese: မြန်မာ အမည်) lack the serial structure of most Western names. Like other Mainland Southeast Asian people (except Vietnamese), the people of Myanmar have no customary matronymic or patronymic naming system and no tradition of surnames. Although other Mainland Southeast Asian countries such as Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, and Malaysia introduced the use of surnames or patronyms in the early 20th century, Myanmar never introduced the use of surnames and lacks surnames in the modern day. Instead, Burmese names use an honorific prefix to reflect the person's stage in life and position in society.
Ridgemark, California
Ridgemark is a census-designated place (CDP) located adjacent to the southeastern edge of Hollister in San Benito County, California, United States.  The community is a private, gated golf development with a golf course and just over 1,000 homes.  Development of the community began in the early 1970s, and the population had reached 3,212 at the time of the 2020 United States census.

Hollister, California
Hollister is a city in and the county seat of Alameda County  located in the Central Coast region of California, United States. With a 2020 United States census population of 41,678, Hollister is one of the most populous cities in the Monterey Bay Area and a member of the Association of Monterey Bay Area Governments. The city is an agricultural town known primarily for its local Blenheim apricots, olive oil, vineyards, pomegranates, and chocolate.
Machu Tanka Tanka
Machu Tanka Tanka (possibly from Quechua machu old, Aymara tanka hat and biretta of priests, the reduplication indicates that there is a group or a complex of something, "the old one with many hats", or Machu Tanqa Tanqa (Aymara  tanqa tanqa beetle, "the old beetle") Hispanicized spelling Macho Tankha Tankha) is a 4,866-metre-high (15,965 ft) mountain in the Andes of Bolivia. It is situated in the Cochabamba Department, Bolívar Province. Machu Tanka Tanka lies northeast of the slightly lower mountain Wayna Tanka Tanka.

Biretta
The biretta (Latin: biretum, birretum) is a square cap with three or four peaks or horns, sometimes surmounted by a tuft.  Traditionally the three-peaked biretta is worn by Christian clergy, especially Roman Catholic clergy, as well as some Lutheran and Anglican clergy. A four-peaked biretta is worn as academic dress (but not liturgically) by those holding a doctoral degree from a pontifical faculty or pontifical university or faculty. Occasionally the biretta is worn by legal professionals, for instance advocates in the Channel Islands or judges in some Polish courts.