hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Aspal Close
Aspal Close is an 18.9 hectare Local Nature Reserve in Beck Row in Suffolk. It is owned by West Suffolk District Council and managed by the council together with Aspal Close Management Committee.

This site has grassland, woodland and scrub. Almost 300 plant species and six bats have been recorded, and there are around 200 ancient oaks, some of which may be 1,000 years old. There is a car park and a football pitch. The site is protected by Fields in Trust through a legal "Deed of Dedication" safeguarding the future of the space as public recreation land for future generations to enjoy.

There is access from St John Street.

Fields in Trust
Fields in Trust is a British charity set up in 1925 as the National Playing Fields Association (NPFA), by Brigadier-General Reginald Kentish and the Duke of York, later King George VI, who was the first president, which protects parks and green spaces and promotes the cause of accessible spaces for play, sports and recreation in British cities and towns.

As well as campaigning to protect playing fields and open space, Fields in Trust legally protects the King George's Fields, 471 public recreation grounds set up as a memorial to King George V.
Raszków, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship
Raszków [ˈraʂkuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Słupia, within Jędrzejów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) south-west of Słupia, 27 km (17 mi) west of Jędrzejów, and 59 km (37 mi) south-west of the regional capital Kielce.

Jędrzejów County
Jędrzejów County (Polish: powiat jędrzejowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, south-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Jędrzejów, which lies 36 kilometres (22 mi) south-west of the regional capital Kielce. The county also contains the towns of Sędziszów, lying 18 km (11 mi) west of Jędrzejów, and Małogoszcz, 21 km (13 mi) north of Jędrzejów.

The county covers an area of 1,257.17 square kilometres (485.4 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 84,049, out of which the population of Jędrzejów is 15,076, that of Sędziszów is 6,451, that of Małogoszcz is 3,748, and the rural population is 58,774.
Hersonissos
Hersonissos (Greek: Χερσόνησος, meaning “peninsula”, Chersónisos, pronounced [xerˈsonisos], also transliterated as Chersonissos and Hersónisos, nicknamed Cherso) is a town and a local government unit in the north of Crete, bordering the Mediterranean / Aegean Sea. The town is about 25 kilometers east of Heraklion and west of Agios Nikolaos. What is usually called Hersonissos is in fact its peninsula and harbour. It is part of the Heraklion regional unit. It is situated 25 km from the Heraklion airport and 27 km from the Heraklion port. The seat of the local government unit is the village of Gournes.

Agios Nikolaos, Crete
Agios Nikolaos (Greek: Άγιος Νικόλαος [ˈaʝ(i)os niˈkolaos]) is a coastal town on the Greek island of Crete, lying east of the island's capital Heraklion, north of the city of Ierapetra and west of the city of Sitia. It is the capital of the Lasithi regional unit.

In 2021, the Municipality of Agios Nikolaos, which encompasses several surrounding villages, had 27,785 inhabitants, of whom 13,605 lived in the town. The town sits partially upon the ruins of the ancient city of Lato pros Kamara.
A Nasty Boy
A Nasty Boy is a Nigerian fashion magazine founded on February 19, 2017. It is Nigeria's first LGBTQ magazine. The publication chronicles and celebrates underground stories, people, and voices through the lens of Nigeria's marginalized LGBTQ community. A Nasty Boy was founded by Richard Akuson, a Nigerian lawyer, fashion journalist, writer, editor, and PR executive. In June 2017, A Nasty Boy was featured in a CNN article. that launched it to the international spotlight. Soon afterward, Dazed declared the publication as Nigeria's most controversial fashion magazine, and Vogue editors listed A Nasty Boy on their What to Read this Fall as selected by Vogue editors. The magazine has since enjoyed fawning profiles on The Guardian, BBC, France24's The Observers, 1843 Magazine, i-D, OkayAfrica, Mic, amongst many others.

Dazed
Dazed (Dazed & Confused until February 2014) is a quarterly British lifestyle magazine founded in 1991. It covers music, fashion, film, art, and literature. Dazed is published by Dazed Media, an independent media group known for producing stories across its print, digital, and video brands. The company's portfolio includes titles Another Magazine, Dazed Beauty and Nowness. The company's newest division, Dazed Studio, creates brand campaigns across the luxury and lifestyle sectors. Based in London, its founding editors are Jefferson Hack and fashion photographer Rankin.
Helgøya Church
Helgøya Church (Norwegian: Helgøya kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Ringsaker Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located on the island of Helgøya. It is one of the churches for the Nes parish which is part of the Ringsaker prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Hamar. The white, wooden church was built in a long church design in 1870 using plans drawn up by the architect Jacob Wilhelm Nordan. The church seats about 200 people.

Ringsaker Municipality
Ringsaker (pronunciationⓘ) is a municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Hedmarken. The administrative centre of the municipality is the town of Brumunddal. Other settlements in Ringsaker include the town of Moelv and the villages of Furnes, Kvål, Kylstad, Mesnali, Nydal, Rudshøgda, Stavsjø, Tingnes, and Byflaten.

The 1,280-square-kilometre (490 sq mi) municipality is the 77th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Ringsaker Municipality is the 30th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 35,911. The municipality's population density is 28.1 inhabitants per square kilometre (73/sq mi) and its population has increased by 6.4% over the previous 10-year period.
Coincidence rangefinder
A coincidence rangefinder or coincidence telemeter is a type of rangefinder that uses the principle of triangulation and an optical device to allow an operator to determine the distance to a visible object. There are subtypes split-image telemeter, inverted image, or double-image telemeter with different principles how two images in a single ocular are compared. Coincidence rangefinders were important elements of fire control systems for long-range naval guns and land-based coastal artillery circa 1890–1960. They were also used in rangefinder cameras.

A stereoscopic rangefinder looks similar, but has two eyepieces and uses a different principle, based on binocular vision. The two can normally be distinguished at a glance by the number of eyepieces.

Binocular vision
Within the science of vision, binocular vision focuses on the question of how humans and animals perceive the world with two eyes instead of one. Two main areas are distinguished: directional vision and depth perception (stereopsis). In addition, both eyes can positively or negatively influence each other's vision through binocular interaction.

In medical science, binocular vision refers to binocular vision disorders and tests and exercises to improve binocular vision. In biology, binocular vision refers to the fact that the placement of the eyes affects the capabilities of depth perception and directional vision in animals. In society, binocular vision refers to applications for seeing stereoscopic images and aids for binocular vision.
Grand Theatre, Derby
52°55′10″N 1°28′34″W﻿ / ﻿52.919341179611045°N 1.4761842946768076°W﻿ / 52.919341179611045; -1.4761842946768076

The Grand Theatre, Derby was a theatre in Derby in the English Midlands. It was opened in 1886, designed in an Italian renaissance style by a Birmingham architect Oliver Essex. It originally had a capacity of 2,500. Shortly after opening the theatre suffered a major fire, in which two people were killed and the building substantially damaged. Rebuilt it became a successful venue for touring companies and pantomime. In 1950 the theatre was closed down and was later converted into a ballroom.

In 1924 the play Dracula starring Hamilton Deane began its tour in Derby. In 1945 the play A Man About the House premiered at the Grand before transferring to the West End.

Hamilton Deane
Hamilton Deane (2 December 1879 – 25 October 1958) was an Irish actor, playwright and director. He played a key role in popularising Bram Stoker's 1897 novel Dracula as a 1924 stage play and a 1931 film.
USRA Heavy Mikado
The USRA Heavy Mikado was a USRA standard class of steam locomotive designed under the control of the United States Railroad Administration (USRA), the nationalized railroad system in the United States during World War I.  These locomotives were of 2-8-2 wheel arrangement in the Whyte notation, or 1′D1′ in UIC classification. A total of 233 locomotives were built to this plan for the USRA; postwar, it became a de facto standard design, which was built to the total of 957 locomotives including the USRA originals and all subsequent copies.

Heavy Mikado used the same running gear as the USRA Light Mikado but were built to a higher axle load, larger cylinders and a much larger boiler for more power and steam-generating ability.  Many aspects of the PRR L1s class were carried over to the Heavy Mikado, although not that locomotive's distinctive Belpaire firebox.

Wheel arrangement
In rail transport, a wheel arrangement or wheel configuration is a system of classifying the way in which wheels are distributed under a locomotive. Several notations exist to describe the wheel assemblies of a locomotive by type, position, and connections, with the adopted notations varying by country.  Within a given country, different notations may also be employed for different kinds of locomotives, such as steam, electric, and diesel powered.

Especially in steam days, wheel arrangement was an important attribute of a locomotive because there were many different types of layout adopted, each wheel being optimised for a different use (often with only some being actually "driven"). Modern diesel and electric locomotives are much more uniform, usually with all axles driven.
Bolotridon
Bolotridon is an extinct genus of epicynodontian cynodont. It was renamed from its original genus designation of Tribolodon (Harry Govier Seeley, 1895), which was already occupied by a genus of cyprinid fish named in 1883 by Sauvage. The name Bolotridon was coined by Brian W. Coad in a 1977 publication as an anagram of Tribolodon.

Fossils of the genus were found in the Anisian Cynognathus Assemblage Zone of the Burgersdorp Formation of South Africa.

Anagram
An anagram is a word or phrase formed by rearranging the letters of a different word or phrase, typically using all the original letters exactly once. For example, the word anagram itself can be rearranged into the phrase "nag a ram"; which is an Easter egg suggestion in Google after searching for the word "anagram".

The original word or phrase is known as the subject of the anagram. Any word or phrase that exactly reproduces the letters in another order is an anagram. Someone who creates anagrams may be called an "anagrammatist", and the goal of a serious or skilled anagrammatist is to produce anagrams that reflect or comment on their subject.
Hemantane
Hemantane, or hymantane, also known as N-(2-adamantyl)hexamethyleneimine, is an experimental antiparkinsonian agent of the adamantane family that was never marketed. It was developed and studied in Russia.

It has been said to act as a low-affinity non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist, as a selective MAO-B inhibitor, and as showing various other actions and effects such as modulation of the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems in the striatum. The drug has also been theorized to be a sigma receptor agonist, which is said to likely be involved in its dopaminergic effects. Analogues of hemantane, such as memantine and amantadine, share some of these actions, like NMDA receptor antagonism, sigma receptor agonism, and dopaminergic modulation.

The drug was first described by 2000.

The dosage of gimantan is standardized to 50mg tablet strength.

Binding selectivity
In chemistry, binding selectivity is defined with respect to the binding of ligands to a substrate forming a complex. Binding selectivity describes how a ligand may bind more preferentially to one receptor than another. A selectivity coefficient is the equilibrium constant for the reaction of displacement by one ligand of another ligand in a complex with the substrate. Binding selectivity is of major importance in biochemistry and in chemical separation processes.
Björn Dirk Krapohl
Björn Dirk Krapohl (born 26 January 1965, Kettiwg, Germany) is a German surgeon, specializing in plastic surgery and hand surgery at the University of Lübeck and the Charité in Berlin. He is known for his work in the fields of reconstructive microsurgery, hand surgery, and breast surgery.

Plastic surgery
Plastic surgery is a surgical specialty involving restoration, reconstruction, or alteration of the human body. It can be divided into two main categories: reconstructive surgery and cosmetic surgery. Reconstructive surgery covers a wide range of specialties, including craniofacial surgery, oral and maxillofacial surgery, hand surgery, microsurgery, and the treatment of burns. This kind of surgery focuses on restoring a body part or improving its function. In contrast, cosmetic (or aesthetic) surgery focuses solely on improving the physical appearance of the body. A comprehensive definition of plastic surgery has never been established, because it has no distinct anatomical object and thus overlaps with practically all other surgical specialties. An essential feature of plastic surgery is that it involves the treatment of conditions that require or may require tissue relocation skills.
Peugeot BB1
The Peugeot BB1 was a fully electric concept city car that was introduced by Peugeot at the 2009 Frankfurt Motor Show. It incorporated rear in-wheel motors, designed in collaboration with Michelin, each with a maximum power output of 7.5 kW (10 hp) and torque on each wheel of 320 N⋅m (236 lbf⋅ft). The car included four seats, was 2.5 metres (98 in) long and 1.6 metres (63 in) wide.

Concept car
A concept car (also known as a concept vehicle or show vehicle) is a car made to showcase new styling or new technology. Concept cars are often exhibited at motor shows to gauge customer reaction to new and radical designs which may or may not be produced.

General Motors designer Harley Earl is generally credited with inventing the concept car, and did much to popularize it through its traveling Motorama shows of the 1950s.

Concept cars never go into production directly. In modern times, all would have to undergo many changes before the design is finalized for the sake of practicality, safety, regulatory compliance, and cost. A "production-intent" prototype, as opposed to a concept vehicle, serves this purpose.
Arco Birthday Party
Arco Birthday Party (aka Arco Birthday Hour and Birthday Party) is an NBC Red Network series heard in 1930–31. It was sponsored by the American Radiator Company.

The format honored the birthdays of past writers and composers. For instance, the program of Thursday, November 13, 1930, offered a tribute to the writer Robert Louis Stevenson, who was born November 13, 1850.

That same evening the musical offerings included a male quartet harmonizing on "When You and I Were Young, Maggie" and tenor Harold Hansen singing "Roses of Picardy". The orchestra performed the "Polovetzian Dance No.1" from Alexander Borodin's Prince Igor. Borodin was born November 12, 1833.

The show featured the Arcola Rondoliers; its host was Charles K. Field.

American Radiator Company
The American Radiator Company was established in 1892 by the merger of a number of North American radiator manufacturers. The company expanded in the early 20th century into Europe under the brand National Radiator Company.

In 1929, it amalgamated with the Standard Sanitary Manufacturing Company to form the American Radiator and Standard Sanitary Corporation, which evolved in 1967 into today's American Standard Companies.
Suar Principality
Suar or Suvar principality was a medieval statelet subject to Volga Bulgaria.

The principality appeared around the 940s CE. The population was a mix of Turkic Sabirs and local Turkic- and Uralic-speaking tribes such as the Mari. The capital city was Suar, whose ruler was titled "Bäk" (cf. Khazar "Bek"; Turkish "Bey".)

In 975 the principality was absorbed by Volga Bulgaria. From the 11th to 13th centuries, it was a semiautonomous province, until the Mongols conquered the state.

Mari people
The Mari (/ˈmɑːri/ MAR-ee), also formerly known as the Cheremis or Cheremisses, are a Finno-Ugric people in Eastern Europe, who have traditionally lived along the Volga and Kama rivers in Russia. They live mostly in the Mari El republic, with significant minorities in Bashkortostan, Perm Krai, Tatarstan and Udmurtia. Mari make up 40.1% of the population of Mari El.
Battle of Pea River
The Battle of Pea River was fought between the Alabama Militia and the Creek Indians during the Second Creek War, in the vicinity of the present-day Pike County, Alabama, roughly 17 miles east of Troy, Alabama in the United States.

Pike County, Alabama
Pike County is a county located in the U.S. state of Alabama. As of the 2020 census the population was 33,009. Its county seat is Troy. Its name is in honor of General Zebulon Pike, of New Jersey, who led an expedition to southern Colorado and encountered Pikes Peak in 1806.

Pike County comprises the Troy, AL Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Fresh Del Monte Produce
Fresh Del Monte Produce Incorporated is one of the world’s leading vertically integrated producers, distributors,
and marketers of prepared, fresh and fresh-cut fruits and vegetables. Incorporated in George Town, Cayman Islands, its US executive office is located at 241 Sevilla Avenue, Coral Gables, Florida.

Their products include prepared fruit and vegetables, juices, beverages, snacks, and desserts sold under the Del Monte brand in Europe, Middle East and Africa, as well as fresh products worldwide under the Del Monte, UTC, ROSY and other brands. A key product is its Del Monte Gold pineapple.

Fresh Del Monte also operates a shipping line called Network Shipping and has a trucking operation called Tricont Trucking. In addition, they have food and beverage operations that sell freshly prepared food products in convenient locations.

George Town, Cayman Islands
George Town is the capital and largest city in the Cayman Islands, located on Grand Cayman. It was named after King George III. As of 2022, the city had a population of 40,957, making it the largest city (by population) of all the British Overseas Territories.

The Caymanian government offices are located in the city. According to the Globalization and World Cities Research Network in 2020, George Town is classed as a Beta city.
Mongolian horse
The Mongolian horse (Mongolian Адуу, aduu: "horse" or mori; or as a herd, ado) is the native horse breed of Mongolia. The breed is purported to be largely unchanged since the time of Genghis Khan. Nomads living in the traditional Mongol fashion still hold more than 3 million animals, which outnumber the country's human population. In Mongolia, the horses live outdoors all year, dealing with temperatures from 30 °C (86 °F) in summer down to −40 °C (−40 °F) in winter, and they graze and search for food on their own.  The mare's milk is processed into the national beverage airag. Some animals are slaughtered for meat. Other than that, they serve as riding and transport animals; they are used both for the daily work of the nomads and in horse racing.

Mongol horses were a key factor supporting the 13th-century conquests of the Mongol Empire.

Mongolian Plateau
The Mongolian Plateau or Altai Plateau is an inland plateau in East Asia covering approximately 3,200,000 square kilometers (1,200,000 sq mi). It is bounded by the Greater Hinggan Mountains in the east, the Yin Mountains to the south, the Altai Mountains to the west, and the Sayan and Khentii mountains to the north. The plateau includes the Gobi Desert as well as dry steppe regions. It has an elevation of roughly 1,000 to 1,500 meters (3,300 to 4,900 ft), with the lowest point in Hulunbuir and the highest point in the Altai.

Politically, the plateau spans all of Mongolia, along with parts of China and Russia. Inner Mongolia and parts of the Dzungarian Basin in Xinjiang encompass the Chinese portion of the plateau. In Russia, the plateau forms Transbaikal, part of Buryatia, and the southern Irkutsk Oblast. The Mongolian Plateau comprises the majority of the area known as the Mongol heartland.
Bass number
In mathematics, the ith Bass number of a module M over a local ring R with residue field k is the k-dimension of . More generally the Bass number  of a module M over a ring R at a prime ideal p is the Bass number of the localization of M for the localization of R (with respect to the prime p). Bass numbers were introduced by Hyman Bass (1963, p.11).

The Bass numbers describe the minimal injective resolution of a finitely-generated module M over a Noetherian ring: for each prime ideal p there is a corresponding indecomposable injective module, and the number of times this occurs in the ith term of a minimal resolution of M is the Bass number .

Indecomposable module
In abstract algebra, a module is indecomposable if it is non-zero and cannot be written as a direct sum of two non-zero submodules.

Indecomposable is a weaker notion than simple module (which is also sometimes called irreducible module):
simple means "no proper submodule" N < M,
while indecomposable "not expressible as N ⊕ P = M".

A direct sum of indecomposables is called completely decomposable; this is weaker than being semisimple, which is a direct sum of simple modules.

A direct sum decomposition of a module into indecomposable modules is called an indecomposable decomposition.
Hashteank
Hashteank' (Հաշտեանք) was a historic canton of Armenia, in the province of Sophene. Called Asthianene (Greek: Ἀσθιανήνη) by the Greeks and Romans, it consisted of what is now the Bingöl plain, near the sources of the Tigris. The district of Khordzean (Greco-Roman Chorzene or Chorzanene), centered on Kiği (Armenian Kogoberd), was generally politically subordinate to Hashteank. Hashteank was primarily a rural district, with larger towns at Bingöl and Genç.

The Byzantine fortress of Citharizum, which was of great strength and was built by Justinian, was in the province.

Genç, Bingöl
Genç (Kurdish: Darahênê, Zazaki: Dara Hênî, Armenian: Արդուշեն, romanized: Ardushen) is a town in Bingöl Province in Turkey. It is the seat of Genç District. Its population is 20,763 (2021). The mayor is Kemal Tartar (YRP).

The town is populated by Zaza Kurds.