hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Di Eugenio
Di Eugenio or DiEugenio is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Barbara Di Eugenio, Italian-American computer scientist

James DiEugenio, American historian, author and screenwriter

Barbara Di Eugenio
Barbara Di Eugenio is an Italian-American computer scientist, the Collegiate Warren S. McCulloch Professor of Computer Science at the University of Illinois Chicago. Her research focuses on natural language processing and its applications to human–computer interaction, educational technology, and artificial intelligence in healthcare.
Anscarids
The Anscarids (Latin: Anscarii) or the House of Ivrea were a medieval dynasty of Burgundian and Frankish origin which rose to prominence in Northern Italy in the tenth century, briefly holding the Italian throne. The main branch ruled the County of Burgundy from the eleventh to fourteenth centuries and it was one of their members who first declared himself a count palatine. The cadet Castilian branch of Ivrea ruled the Kingdom of Galicia from 1111 and the Kingdoms of Castile and León from 1126 until 1369. The Spanish House of Trastámara, which ruled in Castile, Aragon, Naples, and Navarre at various points between the late 14th and early 16th centuries, was an illegitimate cadet branch of that family.

Count palatine
A count palatine (Latin comes palatinus), also count of the palace or palsgrave (from German Pfalzgraf), was originally an official attached to a royal or imperial palace or household and later a nobleman of a rank above that of an ordinary count. The title originated in the Late Roman Empire. In the Middle Ages especially and into modern times, it is associated with the Holy Roman Empire, especially Electoral Palatinate.

The office, jurisdiction or territory of a count palatine was a county palatine or palatinate. In England the forms earl palatine and palatine earldom are rare alternative terms.
Belarus at the 2018 Winter Olympics
Belarus competed at the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang, South Korea, from 9 to 25 February 2018, with 33 competitors in 6 sports. They won three medals in total, two gold and one silver, ranking 15th in the medal table.

Pyeongchang County
Pyeongchang (American English: /ˌpjʌŋˈtʃɑːŋ/ pyung-CHAHNG, Korean: [pʰjʌŋtɕʰaŋ]; in full, Pyeongchang-gun [pʰjʌŋtɕʰaŋɡun]) is a county in the state of Gangwon, South Korea, located in the Taebaek Mountains region. It is home to several Buddhist temples, including Woljeongsa. It is about 180 km (110 mi) east southeast of Seoul, the capital of South Korea, and connected by expressways and high-speed passenger railways. Pyeongchang's slogan, "Happy 700 Pyeongchang", is taken from its average elevation of approximately 700 metres (2,300 ft).

Pyeongchang hosted the 2018 Winter Olympics and the 2018 Winter Paralympics. It was officially rebranded as "PyeongChang" (with a capital 'C') for the purposes of the 2018 Games, in order to avoid confusion with Pyongyang in North Korea.
Narodnaja Volya (newspaper)
Narodnaja Volya (Belarusian and Russian: Наро́дная во́ля; Belarusian pronunciation: [naˈrodnaja ˈvolʲa]; English: "The People's Will") is a Belarusian independent opposition newspaper founded by Iosif Siaredzich.

Since its launch, it was opposed to the Alexander Lukashenko regime and served as a tribune for critics of the government. For that reason, Narodnaja Volya was always harassed by authorities, survived several closures and numerous huge fines. The journalists received death threats, were arrested and questioned by the police and KGB.

Through the years such prominent persons as oppositionist Andrei Sannikov, journalists Ivan Makalovich, and Alyaksandr Feduta, writer Semen Bukchin, professor Vyacheslav Orgish, oppositionist Anatol Labiedzka, and future advisor to the President of Ukraine Mykhailo Podolyak were among Narodnaja Volya's authors.

Alyaksandr Feduta
Alyaksandr Iosifovich Feduta (Belarusian: Аляксандр Іосіфавіч Фядута; born 3 November 1964 in Grodno) is a Soviet and Belarusian politician, literary critic and political scientist. Candidate of Philology, Doctor of Humanities (Poland) in the specialization Literary Studies and one of the authors of the Great Russian Encyclopedia.
Esther Onyenezide
Esther Chinemerem Onyenezide (born 30 June 2003) is a Nigerian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for the Spanish women's club Madrid CFF and the Nigeria women's national team.

In 2022, she was selected by FIFA as the Player of the Match scoring twice during the 3–1 win against Canada.

Nigeria women's national football team
The Nigeria women's national football team, nicknamed the Super Falcons, represents Nigeria in international women's football and is controlled by the Nigeria Football Federation (NFF). The team is Africa's most successful international women's football team, having won a record ten Women's Africa Cup of Nations titles; their most recent title in 2025, after defeating Morocco in the final. The team is also the only women's national team from the Confederation of African Football to have reached the quarterfinals in both the FIFA Women's World Cup and the Summer Olympics.

They are also one of the few teams in the world and only African team to have qualified for every edition of the FIFA Women's World Cup, with their best performance at the 1999 FIFA Women's World Cup where they reached the quarterfinals.
André Forget
André Forget is a Canadian writer, whose debut novel In the City of Pigs was longlisted for the 2022 Giller Prize and shortlisted for the 2023 Amazon.ca First Novel Award.

Forget was born in Toronto, Ontario, and grew up in Mount Forest. He is a former editor of the literary magazine The Puritan.

In the City of Pigs grew out of a short story Forget wrote for a collaborative arts group led by his friend Joel Peters, on the prompt of an underwater organ. The full novel centres on Alexander Otkazov, a failed classical musician who moves to Toronto and becomes drawn into a shady real estate cabal.

Giller Prize
The Giller Prize (formerly known as the Scotiabank Giller Prize from 2005 to 2025) is a literary award given to a Canadian author of a novel or short story collection published in English (including translation) the previous year, after an annual juried competition between publishers who submit entries. The prize was established in 1994 by Toronto businessman Jack Rabinovitch in honour of his late wife Doris Giller, a former literary editor at the Toronto Star, and is awarded in November of each year along with a cash reward (then CAN$25,000) with the winner being presented by the previous year's winning author.

Since its inception, the Giller Prize has been awarded to emerging and established authors from both small independent and large publishing houses in Canada.

In February of 2025, the Giller Prize severed its relationship with Scotiabank, its main sponsor, after more than a year of protests.
Xylorycta
Xylorycta is a genus of moths of the family Xyloryctidae. Xylorycta species are found in Africa and Australia and are strongly associated with the plant family Proteaceae, being found on Hakea, Lambertia, Grevillea, Leptospermum, Macadamia, Oreocallis, Persoonia and Telopea. The larvae of some species bore into stems or branches, or the flower spikes of Banksia, but most live in a silk gallery spun in the foliage.

The genus was first published by amateur entomologist Edward Meyrick in 1890 in Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia. It is currently placed in the family Xyloryctidae. In older classifications it was placed in the subfamily Xyloryctinae, in the family Oecophoridae.

Grevillea
Grevillea (/ɡrɪˈvɪliə/), commonly known as spider flowers, is a genus of about 360 species of evergreen flowering plants in the family Proteaceae. Plants in the genus Grevillea are shrubs, rarely trees, with the leaves arranged alternately along the branches, the flowers zygomorphic, arranged in racemes at the ends of branchlets, and the fruit a follicle that splits down one side only, releasing one or two seeds.
Jean-Pierre Frantzen
Jean-Pierre Frantzen (9 May 1890 – 23 November 1957) was a Luxembourgish gymnast who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics. He was born in Luxembourg City. In 1912, he was a member of the Luxembourgish team, which finished fifth in the team, free system event.

Gymnastics at the 1912 Summer Olympics – Men's team, free system
The men's team competition with a free system was an artistic gymnastics event held as part of the Gymnastics at the 1912 Summer Olympics programme. It was one of three team gymnastics events.  The others were a team competition in the Swedish system and a standard team competition.

It was the first appearance of the event, which would only be held again at the 1920 Summer Olympics. The official name was Team Competition III – with free choice of movements and apparatus. For every nation one team was allowed to participate. One team had to consist of not less than 16 nor more than 40 members. The entry was closed on June 6, 1912. As all other gymnastics competitions the event took place in the Olympiastadion.

The competition was held on Wednesday July 10, 1912, in the time from 9:30 a.m. to 12:30 p.m. and from 2:00 p.m. to 4:00 p.m.
Democratic Russia
Democratic Russia (Russian: Демократическая Россия, romanized: Demokraticheskaya Rossiya; abbreviation: ДемРоссия, DemRossiya) was the generic name for several political entities that played a transformative role in Russia's transition from Communist rule. In 1991–1993, the Democratic Russia Movement was the largest political organization in the country and Boris Yeltsin's base of political support.

Gavriil Popov (politician)
Gavriil Kharitonovich Popov (Russian: Гавриил Харитонович Попов, IPA: [ɡəvrʲɪˈiɫ xərʲɪˈtonəvʲɪtɕ pɐˈpof]; born 31 October 1936), anglicised as Gabriel Popov, is a Russian politician and economist. He served as the mayor of Moscow from 1991 until he resigned in 1992.
Rheniite
Rheniite is a very rare rhenium sulfide mineral with the chemical formula (ReS2). It forms metallic, silver grey platey crystals in the triclinic - pinacoidal class. It has a specific gravity of 7.5.

It was discovered at the Kudriavy Volcano, Iturup Island in the Kurile Islands, Russia and approved in 2004. It is found in active hot fumaroles on the volcano.

Rheniite is one of the first minerals of the element rhenium to be found. The other known approved rhenium mineral is the sulfide mineral tarkianite. Almost all commercially mined rhenium is retrieved as a by-product of molybdenum mining as rhenium occurs in amounts up to 0.2% in the mineral molybdenite. A discredited rhenium sulfide known as zappinite does not appear to be valid.

Rheniite has also been reported in the Pagoni Rachi Mo–Cu–Te–Ag–Au deposit in northeastern Greece where it occurs with molybdenite in quartz veins associated with an epithermal system in a dacite porphyry.

Vein (geology)
In geology, a vein is a distinct sheetlike body of crystallized minerals within a rock. Veins form when mineral constituents carried by an aqueous solution within the rock mass are deposited through precipitation. The hydraulic flow involved is usually due to hydrothermal circulation.

Veins are classically thought of as being planar fractures in rocks, with the crystal growth occurring normal to the walls of the cavity, and the crystal protruding into open space. This certainly is the method for the formation of some veins. However, it is rare in geology for significant open space to remain open in large volumes of rock, especially several kilometers below the surface. Thus, there are two main mechanisms considered likely for the formation of veins: open-space filling and crack-seal growth.
Camassia cusickii
Camassia cusickii, common name Cusick's camas or Cusick's quamash, is a species of plant in the family Asparagaceae (subfamily Agavoideae). It is native to parts of North America. C. cusickii originally appeared in horticultural journals in the late 1800s.

Agavoideae
Agavoideae is a subfamily of monocot flowering plants in the family Asparagaceae, order Asparagales. It has previously been treated as a separate family, Agavaceae, and by 2020, several sources had restored the taxonomic status of Agavaceae as an independent family.

The group includes many well-known desert and dry-zone types, such as the agaves and yuccas (including the Joshua tree). About 640 species are placed in around 23 genera; they are widespread in the tropical, subtropical, and warm temperate regions of the world.
Woodbine, Calgary
Woodbine is a residential neighbourhood in the southwest quadrant of Calgary, Alberta. It is located at the western edge of the city, and is bordered on the north by Anderson Road, on the west by  Tsuut'ina Trail, on the east by 24th Street West, and to the south by Fish Creek Provincial Park.

Woodbine was established in 1979. It is represented in the Calgary City Council

Calgary City Council
The Calgary City Council is the legislative governing body that represents the citizens of Calgary. The council consists of 15 members: the chief elected official, titled the mayor, and 14 councillors. Jeromy Farkas was elected mayor in October 2025 as the city's 38th. The mayor represents the interests of the city as a whole. Each of the 14 councillors represents one of the city's 14 wards.
Paula's Best Dishes
Paula's Best Dishes is an American cooking show hosted by Paula Deen on Food Network

On June 21, 2013, the Food Network announced that they would not renew Deen's contract, due to controversy surrounding her use of a racial slur and racist jokes in her restaurant, effectively cancelling the series.

Cooking show
A cooking show, cookery show, or cooking program (also spelled cooking programme in British English) is a television genre that presents food preparation, often in a restaurant kitchen or on a studio set, or at the host's personal home.  Typically the show's host, often a celebrity chef, prepares one or more dishes over the course of an episode, taking the viewing audience through the food's inspiration, preparation, and stages of cooking.

Cooking shows have been a popular staple of daytime TV programming since the earliest days of television. They are generally very inexpensive to produce, making them an economically easy way for a TV station to fill a half-hour (or sometimes 60-minute) time slot. A number of cooking shows have run for many seasons, especially when they are sponsored by local TV stations or by public broadcasting.  Many of the more popular cooking shows have had flamboyant hosts whose unique personalities have made them into celebrities.
René Château
René Château (27 June 1906 – 5 April 1970) was a French philosopher, poet and politician.

Château was born in Mouthiers-sur-Boëme.  He represented the Radical-Socialist Party Camille Pelletan in the Chamber of Deputies from 1936 to 1940.
In 1940 he voted in favour of granting the Cabinet presided by Marshal Philippe Pétain authority to draw up a new constitution, thereby effectively ending the French Third Republic and establishing Vichy France.

As a journalist, he worked with Marcel Déat and became editor of La France socialiste, which he used to denounce the three international institutions of "capitalism, bolshevism and Jewishness". Later, he joined the National Popular Rally (RNP), from which he was expelled in 1943.  In 1944 he was arrested and imprisoned as a Nazi collaborator, first by the "francs-tireurs" and later by the forces of liberation.  He later wrote an account of his captivity called L'Âge de Caïn (1947), published under the pseudonym of Jean-Pierre Abel.

Francs-tireurs
Francs-tireurs (French: [fʁɑ̃.ti.ʁœʁ]; French for 'free shooters') were irregular military formations deployed by France during the early stages of the Franco-Prussian War (1870–71). The term was revived and used by partisans to name two major French Resistance movements set up to fight against Nazi Germany during World War II.

The term is sometimes used to refer more generally to guerrilla fighters who operate outside the laws of war.
Diskin (surname)
Diskin is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Avraham Diskin (born 1947), Israeli political scientist

Benjamin Diskin (fl. from 1987), American voice actor

Lia Diskin (born 1950), full name Leonor Beatriz Diskin Pawlowicz, Argentine journalist

Matt Diskin (born 1982), British rugby league coach

Vilunya Diskin (born 1941), American author

Yehoshua Leib Diskin (1818–1898), also known as Maharil Diskin, a leading rabbi, Talmudist, Biblical commentator, and founder of Diskin Orphanage

Yuval Diskin (born 1956), 12th Director of the Israeli Internal Security Service Shabak

Vilunya Diskin
Vilunya Diskin (née Wilhelmina Fliegelman, born 1 May 1941) is one of the founders the Boston Women's Health Book Collective and a co-author of Our Bodies, Ourselves living in Boston, Massachusetts. She was born in the town of Przemyslany, Poland, and eventually immigrated to the United States in 1948. In the United States, she was adopted and raised by an American Jewish family in Los Angeles. During her time at university, she became involved in feminist activism, which eventually led to her involvement in the creation of the collective (and publication) Our Bodies, Ourselves.
Yunuskhan Mausoleum
Yunuskhan Mausoleum is an architectural monument in the city of Khiva, Khorazm Region of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The mausoleum was built in 1559. Today, the mausoleum is located at 13, Pahlavon Mahmud street, Itchan Kala, next to the Pahlavon Mahmud complex.

By the decision of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan on October 4, 2019, the Yunuskhan mausoleum was included in the national list of real estate objects of tangible cultural heritage and received state protection. Currently, the Itchan Kala state museum-reserve is state property based on the right of operational management.

Monument
A monument is a type of structure created to commemorate a person or event, or which has become relevant to a social group as a part of their remembrance of historic times or cultural heritage, due to its artistic, historical, political, technical or architectural importance.  Examples of monuments include statues, (war) memorials, historical buildings, and cultural assets. If there is a public interest in its preservation, a monument can for example be listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Estadio Juan Carmelo Zerillo
The Juan Carmelo Zerillo Stadium, popularly known as El Bosque (Spanish for "The Forest", due to its location in a big city park of the same name), is a football stadium located in the city of La Plata, Argentina. It is located on 60th Avenue and its intersection with 118th Street. It is the stadium of the Club de Gimnasia y Esgrima La Plata, and nowadays has the capacity to accommodate approximately 25,862 spectators.

The stadium was named in honor of Juan Carmelo Zerillo, who was president of the club between 1929 and 1931. During his tenure, Gimnasia y Esgrima won its first official title, the 1929 Primera División championship.

1929 Argentine Primera División
The 1929 Argentine Primera División was the 38th season of top-flight football in Argentina. The season began on July 21, 1929, and ended on February 9, 1930. This season saw the 35 teams of Primera, divided into two groups. The top 2 of each group qualified for the final stages of the tournament, which was eventually won by Gimnasia y Esgrima (LP).

The season was marred by mass abandonment of games, defending Argentine champion Huracán withdrew from 8 of its fixtures leaving them to finish in 14th place in the group. Several other teams withdrew from multiple games. Abandonments of games, discontinuations, and withdrawals were quite common in these early seasons (cf., for instance, the second half of the 1930 season ).

Colegiales returned to the first division after winning the Primera B championship last year.
Bombinin
The bombinin family of antimicrobial peptides includes the bombinin and maximin proteins from Bombina maxima (Giant fire-bellied toad). Two groups of antimicrobial peptides have been isolated from skin secretions of B. maxima. Peptides in the first group, named maximins 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, are structurally related to bombinin-like peptides (BLPs). Unlike BLPs, sequence variations in maximins occurred all through the molecules. In addition to the potent antimicrobial activity, cytotoxicity against tumour cells and spermicidal action of maximins, maximin 3 possessed a significant anti-Simian-Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) activity. Maximins 1 and 3 have been found to be toxic to mice. Peptides in the second group, termed maximins H1, H2, H3 and H4, are homologous with bombinin H peptides.

Secretion
Secretion is the movement of material from one point to another, such as a secreted chemical substance from a cell or gland. In contrast, excretion is the removal of certain substances or waste products from a cell or organism. The classical mechanism of cell secretion is via secretory portals at the plasma membrane called porosomes. Porosomes are permanent cup-shaped lipoprotein structures embedded in the cell membrane, where secretory vesicles transiently dock and fuse to release intra-vesicular contents from the cell.

Secretion in bacterial species means the transport or translocation of effector molecules. For example, proteins, enzymes or toxins (such as cholera toxin in pathogenic bacteria e.g. Vibrio cholerae) move from across the interior (cytoplasm or cytosol) of a bacterial cell to its exterior. Secretion is a very important mechanism in bacterial functioning and operation in their natural surrounding environment for adaptation and survival.
Fukami
Fukami is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Makoto Fukami (深見真, born 1977), Japanese writer

Rika Fukami (深見 梨加, born 1963), Japanese voice actress

Sueharu Fukami (深見陶治, born 1947), Japanese sculptor

Tadashi Fukami, Japanese professor

Sueharu Fukami
Sueharu Fukami (深見陶治 , born 1947) is a Japanese ceramic artist and sculptor known for his work in pale-blue qinbai porcelain (also referred to as Sei Hakuji / Celadon). Fukami's abstracted, sculptural ceramic works depart from the traditional Japanese artisan traditions of his upbringing and instead explore natural phenomena and universal senses like "infinite space" through sharp silhouettes, sweeping curves, architecturally-inspired arches, and delicately-colored glaze. His minimalist approach to porcelains has contributed to defining and expanding the meaning, importance, and popularity of contemporary Japanese ceramics beyond craft art circles, most notably to fine art collectors and museums globally.
Extraplanar gas
Extraplanar gas is cold atomic hydrogen which has been discovered slowly rotating around some spiral galaxies and located well outside their thin disk regions. It was discovered by using radio telescopes to observe the distribution of atomic hydrogen around galaxy disks. Galaxies which have shown evidence of extraplanar gas include NGC 891, NGC 2403, UGC 7321, NGC 4559 and NGC 3198.

Possible explanations for the presence of this gas include ionised gas being swept up by stellar winds and supernova explosions and, upon cooling, falling back into the galactic plane and the accretion of intergalactic primordial gas.

NGC 4559
NGC 4559 (also known as Caldwell 36) is an intermediate spiral galaxy with a weak inner ring structure in the constellation Coma Berenices. Its velocity with respect to the cosmic microwave background is 1,096±20 km/s, which corresponds to a Hubble distance of 52.7 ± 3.8 Mly (16.17 ± 1.17 Mpc). However, 26 non-redshift measurements give a much closer distance of 24.56 ± 1.58 Mly (7.530 ± 0.483 Mpc). It was discovered by German-British astronomer William Herschel on 11 April 1785.

NGC 4559 is a member of the Coma I Group.