hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battle of Meritsa
The Battle of Meritsa (Greek: Μάχη της Μερίτσας) or Battle of Oxyneia (Μάχη της Οξύνειας) was fought from 11th–12th February 1943, between 800 men of the Greek People's Liberation Army (ELAS), under Nestoras Vokas (nom de guerre "Tzavellas"), Nikos Zaralis ("Chasiotis"), Ilias Kafantaris ("Adamantios") and artillery 2nd Lieutenant Aristidis Bloutsos (MIDAS) against a Royal Italian Army battalion.

The Battle of Meritsa was the first victorious battle of the Greek National Resistance and had tremendous impact on Greek morale.

It was fought at the village of Meritsa (modern Oxyneia) near Kalambaka. In the battle, 137 Italians were killed, and 160 were taken prisoner, along with all their equipment, including 4 mortars, 20 automatic weapons, and over 2,000 grenades. The partisans released their prisoners, but kept the equipment.

The Greek side had only seven casualties.

ELAS
The Greek People's Liberation Army (Greek: Ελληνικός Λαϊκός Απελευθερωτικός Στρατός (ΕΛΑΣ), Ellinikós Laïkós Apeleftherotikós Stratós; ELAS) was the military arm of the left-wing National Liberation Front (EAM) during the period of the Greek resistance until February 1945, when, following the Dekemvriana clashes and the Varkiza Agreement, it was disarmed and disbanded. ELAS was the largest and most significant of the military organizations of the Greek resistance.
Grabków, Starachowice County
Grabków [ˈɡrapkuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Pawłów, within Starachowice County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 9 km (6 mi) south-west of Pawłów, 16 km (10 mi) south of Starachowice, and 28 km (17 mi) east of the regional capital Kielce.

Starachowice
Starachowice [staraxɔˈvʲit͡sɛ] ⓘ is a city in southeastern Poland (historic Lesser Poland), with 49,513 inhabitants (31.12.2017). It is the capital of Starachowice County in the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship. It is situated upon the River Kamienna, a tributary of the Vistula River, among hills and forests.
Puerto Quetzal
Puerto Quetzal is Guatemala's largest Pacific Ocean port.  It is important for both cargo traffic and as a stop-off point for cruise liners.

It is located in Escuintla department, alongside the city of Puerto San José, which it superseded as a port in importance to the country's maritime traffic during the 20th century.

Puerto Quetzal at dusk March 2018

Escuintla Department
Escuintla (Spanish pronunciation: [esˈkwintla]) is one of the 22 departments of Guatemala. The capital of the department is the city of Escuintla. Escuintla covers an area of 4,384 km2 and is situated in the coastal lowland region, directly south of Guatemala City, and bordered by the Pacific Ocean. Escuintla produces about 43 percent of gross domestic product of Guatemala.
Strange loop
A strange loop is a cyclic structure that goes through several levels in a hierarchical system. It arises when, by moving only upwards or downwards through the system, one finds oneself back where one started.
Strange loops may involve self-reference and paradox. The concept of a strange loop was proposed and extensively discussed by Douglas Hofstadter in Gödel, Escher, Bach, and is further elaborated in Hofstadter's book I Am a Strange Loop, published in 2007.

A tangled hierarchy is a hierarchical system in which a strange loop appears.

Cycle (graph theory)
In graph theory, a cycle in a graph is a non-empty trail in which only the first and last vertices are equal. A directed cycle in a directed graph is a non-empty directed trail in which only the first and last vertices are equal.

A graph without cycles is called an acyclic graph. A directed graph without directed cycles is called a directed acyclic graph. A connected graph without cycles is called a tree.
Death Is Forever
Death Is Forever, first published in 1992, was the twelfth novel by John Gardner to feature Ian Fleming's secret agent, James Bond (including Gardner's novelization of Licence to Kill). Carrying the Glidrose Publications copyright, it was first published in the United Kingdom by Hodder & Stoughton and in the United States by Putnam.

Death Is Forever is significant as the first James Bond novel to be published after the collapse of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War, two elements that were part and parcel of Bond's creation 40 years earlier.

More than most other Gardner novels, Death Is Forever is grounded in contemporary events, with the fallout from the end of the Cold War and the failed 1991 Russian coup being important backdrops to the story. The Eurotunnel connecting England and France, which was still under construction at the time the book was written, also serves as a major setting.

Novelization
A novelization (or novelisation) is a derivative novel that adapts the story of a work created for another medium, such as a film, TV series, stage play, comic book, or video game. Film novelizations were particularly popular before the advent of home video, but continue to find commercial success as part of marketing campaigns for major films. They are often written by accomplished writers based on an early draft of the film's script and on a tight deadline.
Tube Mice
Tube Mice is a British children's animated series for television produced in 1988 about the adventures of mice who dwell in the tunnels of the London Underground, the railway system locally referred to as 'the tube'. The real life mice themselves are often referred to as 'tube mice' by Londoners.

The series was created by Sara and Simon Bor at Honeycomb Animation for Television South West and was screened on Children's ITV. It later aired on Nickelodeon on cable television and on Tiny Pop on free to air satellite television. Tube Mice was also broadcast in several countries around the world such as SABC2 in South Africa, BFBS and SSVC Television in Germany, M1 in Hungary, Channel 5 in Singapore and TV One (as well as once on Channel 2) in New Zealand. It also features the voices of George Cole and Dennis Waterman of Minder fame.

M1 (TV channel)
M1 (em egy) is a Hungarian television channel owned and operated by Duna Média. It is also transmitted in high definition. The channel originally launched on 1 May 1957, as a generalist channel, and was the flagship channel of Magyar Televízió.

On 15 March 2015, M1 was relaunched as a 24-hour news channel, with all variety and entertainment programming being transferred to the channel Duna. While the channel's primary launguage is Hungarian, M1 also broadcasts once a day condensed versions of its news in English, German, Russian and Chinese.

A 2019 report by the European Federation of Journalists stated that news coverage of Hungarian public broadcaster is not balanced, opposition politicians' viewpoints are nearly absent from the reports, and there is a lack of transparency over the funding and work of MTVA. The report concluded that the "public service media have been deformed into state media."
John Williams (first baseman)
John Williams (May 29, 1922 – January 19, 1973) was an American Negro league first baseman in the 1940s.

A native of Jonesboro, Arkansas, Williams played for the Chicago American Giants in 1948. In 10 recorded games, he posted four hits in 34 plate appearances. Williams died in Fort Wayne, Indiana in 1973 at age 50.

Chicago American Giants
The Chicago American Giants were a Chicago-based Negro league baseball team. From 1910 until the mid-1930s, the American Giants were the most dominant team in black baseball. Owned and managed from 1911 to 1926 by player-manager Andrew "Rube" Foster, they were charter members of Foster's Negro National League. The American Giants won five pennants in that league, along with another pennant in the 1932 Negro Southern League and a second-half championship in Gus Greenlee's Negro National League in 1934.
Infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis
Infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis (IHHN) is a parvoviral disease of penaeid shrimp that causes mass mortality (up to 90%) among the Western blue shrimp (Penaeus stylirostris) and severe deformations in the Pacific white shrimp (P. vannamei). It occurs in Pacific farmed and wild shrimp, but not in wild shrimp on the Atlantic coast of the Americas. The shrimp-farming industry has developed several broodstocks of both P. stylirostris and P. vannamei that are resistant against IHHN infection.

The disease is caused by a single-stranded DNA virus known as Infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis (IHHN) virus, the smallest of the known penaeid shrimp viruses (22 nm).

Nanometre
The nanometre (international spelling as used by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures; SI symbol: nm), or nanometer (American spelling), is a unit of length in the International System of Units (SI), equal to one billionth (short scale) or one thousand millionth (long scale) of a metre (0.000000001 m) and to 1000 picometres. One nanometre can be expressed in scientific notation as 1 × 10−9 m and as ⁠1/1000000000⁠ m.
Blade Babji
Blade Babji is a 2008 Indian Telugu-language comedy film directed by Devi Prasad who co-wrote the film with Satish Vegesna. The film stars Allari Naresh, Sayali Bhagat, and Ruthika. Venu Madhav, Srinivasa Reddy, Krishna Bhagavan, Dharmavarapu, Kondavalasa, Jaya Prakash Reddy, Brahmanandam, Shankar Melkote, and Khayyum played supporting roles. The music is composed by Koti. The film is inspired by the 1999 American film Blue Streak.

Released on 24 October 2008, the film was successful at the box office. It was remade in Tamil as Kasethan Kadavulada (2011) and Kannada as Kiladi Kitty (2012).

Srinivasa Reddy
Yaramala Srinivasa Reddy is an Indian actor known for his work in Telugu cinema. He started his career as a television anchor, hosting comedy shows, and later moved into films. He made his acting debut with Ishtam (2001) and gained popularity with his comic role in Idiot (2002), where his "Boost" dialogue became widely recognized.

He went on to become a well-known comedian, appearing in over 100 films. Some of his notable works include Venky (2004), Desamuduru (2007), Parugu (2008), Bendu Apparao RMP (2009), Anjaneyulu (2009), Darling (2010), Solo (2011), Pataas (2015), and Raja the Great (2017).

In addition to supporting roles, he also played lead roles in films like Geethanjali (2014) and Jayammu Nischayammu Ra (2016), both of which received critical appreciation.

In 2019, Srinivasa Reddy made his directorial debut with the comedy film Bhagyanagara Veedhullo Gammattu, which he also produced under his own production banner.
Quark (technical festival)
Quark is the annual international techno-management festival of BITS Pilani, K.K. Birla Goa Campus. It usually takes place in early February, and has thousands of participants.

Launched as a local event in 2006, Quark became a national event in 2008. Since then, Quark has consistently seen participation from colleges across India. It usually features various events pertaining to the different engineering branches as well as the pure sciences, but has more recently expanded the range of events to include various events, related to entrepreneurship. and business.It has grown manifold since its inception in 2006 and has made a name for itself as an avant-garde technical festival, showcasing the latest innovations and hosting pioneers in the fields of science and technology. Since 2013, Quark has been awarded UNESCO Patronage, the highest form of support granted to an organization, being only the third fest in India to receive the same.

Science festival
A science festival is a festival that showcases science and technology with a similar atmosphere to an arts or music festival, and that primarily targets the general public. These public engagement events can be varied, including lectures, exhibitions, workshops, live demonstrations of experiments, guided tours, and panel discussions.  There may also be events linking science to the arts or history, such as plays, dramatised readings, and musical productions. The core content is that of science and technology, but the style comes from the world of the arts.
Pseudomonadota
Pseudomonadota (synonym "Proteobacteria") is a major phylum of gram-negative bacteria. They include pathogenic and free-living (non-parasitic) genera. The phylum comprises six classes Acidithiobacillia, Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Hydrogenophilia, and Zetaproteobacteria. The Pseudomonadota are widely diverse, with differences in morphology, metabolic processes, relevance to humans, and ecological influence.

Yersinia
Yersinia is a genus of bacteria in the family Yersiniaceae. Yersinia species are Gram-negative, coccobacilli bacteria, and are facultative anaerobes. Three members of Yersinia are pathogenic in humans: Y. pestis causes the plague and Y. enterocolitica and Y. pseudotuberculosis cause gastrointestinal syndromes. Rodents are the natural reservoirs of Yersinia; less frequently, other mammals serve as the host. Infection may occur either through blood (in the case of Y. pestis) or in an alimentary fashion, occasionally via consumption of food products (especially vegetables, milk-derived products, and meat) contaminated with infected urine or feces.

Speculations exist as to whether or not certain Yersinia can also be spread by  protozoonotic mechanisms, since Yersinia species are known to be facultative intracellular parasites; currently, there are studies and discussions of the possibility of amoeba-vectored (through the cyst form of the protozoan) Yersinia propagation and proliferation.
I'll Be Back (2PM song)
"I'll Be Back" (Korean: 아일비백; RR: Ailbibaek) is a Korean song by South Korean boy band 2PM. It was released on October 11, 2010 via JYP Entertainment as the lead single for Still 02:00PM, the group's first EP. "I'll Be Back" has won 2PM several accolades, including the 2010 MAMA Award for Best Male Group and the 2010 MAMA Award for Best Dance Performance.

MAMA Award for Best Male Group
The MAMA Award for Best Male Group (남자 그룹상) is an award presented annually by CJ E&M Pictures (Mnet). Mnet is also the one who choose which group will to this category as well as other categories in MAMA.

It was first awarded at the 1st Mnet Asian Music Awards ceremony held in 1999; the band H.O.T. won the award for their song "I Yah!", and it is given in honor for the male group with the most artistic achievement in the music industry.
Edward Sucharda
Edward Sucharda (18 June 1891 – 26 July 1947) was a renowned Polish chemist and engineer. He was rector of Lwów University of Technology from 1938 to 1939 and vice-rector of Wrocław University of Technology from 1945 to 1947.

Lviv Polytechnic
The Lviv Polytechnic National University (Ukrainian: Національний університет «Львівська політехніка») is a public university in Lviv, Ukraine, founded in 1816. According to the Times Higher Education, as of 2024, it ranks first as a technical institution of higher education and second among all institutions of higher education after Sumy State University in Ukraine. Lviv Polytechnic is also the largest educational institution in Ukraine by the number of students and one of the largest by the number of faculties and departments.

Lviv Polytechnic National University is one of the top public universities in Lviv, Ukraine. It is ranked #1001-1200 in QS World University Rankings 2026.
Hugh Hanrahan
Hugh F. Hanrahan (16 January 1947 – 19 May 1999) was a member of the House of Commons of Canada for the Edmonton—Strathcona electoral district from 1993 to 1997. His career has been in education and writing.

Hanrahan was born in Antigonish, Nova Scotia, where he would study arts and education at St. Francis Xavier University, then moved to Ottawa to obtain a master's degree in education at the University of Ottawa. He moved to Edmonton where he was a teacher in the city's Roman Catholic school system for more than two decades.

He was elected to the 35th Canadian Parliament in the 1993 federal election for the Reform party. He left Canadian politics for health reasons after his term in Parliament ended with the 1997 federal election. In May 1999, Hanrahan died suddenly following an acute stomach infection. He was survived by his wife and daughter.

35th Canadian Parliament
The 35th Canadian Parliament was in session from January 17, 1994, until April 27, 1997.  The membership was set by the 1993 federal election on October 25, 1993, and it changed only somewhat due to resignations and by-elections until it was dissolved prior to the 1997 election.

It was controlled by a Liberal Party majority under Prime Minister Jean Chrétien and the 26th Canadian Ministry.  The Official Opposition was the Bloc Québécois, led first by Lucien Bouchard, then by Michel Gauthier, and finally by Gilles Duceppe.

The Speaker was Gilbert Parent.  See also List of Canadian electoral districts (1987–1996) for a list of the ridings in this parliament.

There were two sessions of the 35th Parliament:
Alfons von Czibulka
Alfons Freiherr von Czibulka, or Alfons Cibulka (born 28 June 1888, Ratboř Castle (Schloss Radborsch) near Kolín, Bohemia – died 22 October 1969, Munich) was a Czech-Austrian writer and painter. (Pseudonym A. von Birnitz).

Czibulka was the son of general Freiherr Hubert von Czibulka and Marie von Birnitz. In 1919 he co-founded the magazine 
Der Orchideengarten with Karl Hans Strobl, a fantasy magazine which also published some science fiction
and  detective stories.

In the Third Reich he received the "Literary Prize of the City Munich" in 1938.

Kolín
Kolín (Czech pronunciation: [ˈkoliːn] ⓘ; German: Kolin, Neu Kolin) is a town in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 33,000 inhabitants. The town is situated in a lowland on the Elbe River.

Kolín was founded in the 13th century. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument reservation. The most significant monument is the Church of Saint Bartholomew, protected as a national cultural monument.
Dumfries YMCA F.C.
Dumfries YMCA Football Club are a football club from the town of Dumfries in Scotland. They originally competed in the Dumfries & District Amateur Football League (DDAFL) prior to its disbanding before switching to the South of Scotland Football League for the 2014–15 season.  Home matches are played at Dumfries High School in Dumfries.

Dumfries
Dumfries (Scots: /dʌmˈfriːs/ ⓘ dum-FREESS; from Scottish Gaelic: Dùn Phris Scottish Gaelic pronunciation: [ˌt̪un ˈfɾʲiʃ]) is a market town and former royal burgh in Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland, near the mouth of the River Nith on the Solway Firth, 25 miles (40 km) from the Anglo-Scottish border. Dumfries is the county town of the historic county of Dumfriesshire.

Before becoming King of Scots, Robert the Bruce killed his rival John Comyn III of Badenoch at Greyfriars Kirk in the town in 1306. The Young Pretender had his headquarters here towards the end of 1745. In World War II, the Norwegian armed forces in exile in Britain largely consisted of a brigade in Dumfries.

Dumfries is nicknamed Queen of the South. This is also the name of the town's football club. People from Dumfries are known colloquially in Scots language as Doonhamers.
Route setter
A route setter is a person who designs artificial rock climbing wall routes, or problems. Also known as "setters", these professionals combine technical craft with an artistic representation of real rock climbing moves. They do this with modular resin, polyurethane, polyester, fiberglass, or wood holds or "grips" that mimic real rock features. Route setters create new challenges for indoor climbing walls, and also for competition climbing routes.

Resin
A resin is a solid or highly viscous liquid that can be converted into a polymer. Resins may be biological or synthetic in origin, but are typically harvested from plants. Resins are mixtures of organic compounds insoluble in water, predominantly terpenes. Technically, resins should not be confused with gums, which consist predominantly of water-soluble polysaccharides, although these two terms are often interchangeable in the less formal context. Common resins include pine oleoresins, amber, hashish, frankincense, myrrh and the animal-derived resin, shellac. Resins are used in varnishes, adhesives, food additives, incenses and perfumes.

Resins protect plants from insects and pathogens, and are secreted in response to injury. Resins repel herbivores, insects, and pathogens, while the volatile phenolic compounds may attract benefactors such as predators of insects that attack the plant.
USS A. J. View
USS A. J. View – a Confederate States of America schooner – was captured during the beginning of the American Civil War by the Union Navy.

A. J. View was outfitted as a collier, supplying coal to Union ships with steam engines. Her record of activity is sparse.

Union navy
The Union navy is used to describe the United States Navy (USN) during the American Civil War, when it fought the Confederate States Navy (CSN). The term is sometimes used to describe vessels of war used on the rivers of the interior under the control of the Union army.
Gabriel Dyck
Gabriel Dyck (born July 21, 1999) is a Canadian curler from Edmonton, Alberta. He is currently the lead of the Alberta Golden Bears men's curling team in university curling and on the World Curling Tour.

Alberta Golden Bears and Pandas
The Alberta Golden Bears and Pandas are the sports teams that represent the University of Alberta in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. Alberta athletics teams have won a total of 101 national championships, including 84 in U Sports sanctioned sports, making it one of the most successful programs in the country.
Ricardo, Texas
Ricardo is a small census-designated place in Kleberg County, Texas, United States. As of the 2010 census, it had a population of 1,048.

Located on U.S. Highway 77 between Kingsville and Riviera, it consists of a farmers' co-op, a convenience store, and an elementary/junior high school.

U.S. Route 77 in Texas
U.S. Route 77 (US 77) is a major highway that is part of the United States Numbered Highway System that runs from the Veterans International Bridge in Brownsville to Sioux City, Iowa. In Texas, the road runs south-north for 471.3 miles (758.5 km) from the International border with Mexico to the Oklahoma state line north of Gainesville. The highway is being upgraded to a freeway near Corpus Christi to connect to the freeway part of the highway in Raymondville as part of future I-69. A freeway in Robstown is already signed as part of I-69. From Waco to the Oklahoma state line, US 77 overlaps or runs parallel to I-35/I-35E.
1976–77 County Antrim Shield
The 1976–77 County Antrim Shield was the 88th edition of the County Antrim Shield, a cup competition in Northern Irish football.

Linfield won the tournament for the 31st time, defeating Glentoran 3–1 in the final.

County Antrim Shield
The County Antrim & District Football Association Senior Shield (more commonly known as the County Antrim Shield) is a football competition in Northern Ireland. The competition is open to senior teams who are members of the North East Ulster Football Association (also known as the County Antrim & District Football Association) (membership of which extends geographically beyond County Antrim itself), often plus intermediate teams who qualify via the Steel & Sons Cup, depending on the numbers required. For the 2010–11 and 2011-12 seasons, only the winners took part.

The current Shield holders are Carrick Rangers, who beat Cliftonville 4-2 on penalties in the 2025–26 final, winning the trophy for the first time since the 1992–93 season.