hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dual representation
In mathematics, if G is a group and ρ is a linear representation of it on the vector space V, then the dual representation ρ* is defined over the dual vector space V* as follows:

ρ*(g) is the transpose of ρ(g−1), that is, ρ*(g) = ρ(g−1)T for all g ∈ G.

The dual representation is also known as the contragredient representation.

If g is a Lie algebra and π is a representation of it on the vector space V, then the dual representation π* is defined over the dual vector space V* as follows:

π*(X) = −π(X)T for all X ∈ g.

The motivation for this definition is that Lie algebra representation associated to the dual of a Lie group representation is computed by the above formula. But the definition of the dual of a Lie algebra representation makes sense even if it does not come from a Lie group representation.

In both cases, the dual representation is a representation in the usual sense.

Transpose of a linear map
In linear algebra, the transpose of a linear map between two vector spaces, defined over the same field, is an induced map between the dual spaces of the two vector spaces. 
The transpose or algebraic adjoint of a linear map is often used to study the original linear map. This concept is generalised by adjoint functors.
Kenia Jayantilal
Hirji Kenia Jayantilal pronunciationⓘ (born 13 January 1948) is a former Indian cricketer who played in one Test match in 1971.

He played for Osmania University and was part of the university team for when it won the Rohinton Baria Trophy in 1966–67.

On his Ranji Trophy debut, he scored 153 runs against Andhra.

He only played one Test match in 1971 against West Indies, where he scored five runs. He was a substitute for Sunil Gavaskar as the latter was injured.

Andhra cricket team
The Andhra cricket team is an Indian domestic cricket team representing the South Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. The team's main home ground is ACA-VDCA International Cricket Stadium at Visakhapatnam, while some home matches are also played at Anantapur and Kadapa. C. K. Nayudu was the first captain of the team.
Vjalovognathus
Vjalovognathus is an extinct genus of conodonts.

Vjalovognathus nicolli is a species from the Early Permian of the Xiala Formation in China.
Vjalovognathus carinatus is from the late Permian of the Selong Formation in South Tibet, China, which is believed to be the youngest species of Vjalovognathus

Conodont
Conodonts are an extinct group of marine jawless vertebrates belonging to the class Conodonta (from Ancient Greek κῶνος (kōnos), meaning "cone", and ὀδούς (odoús), meaning "tooth"). They are primarily known from their hard, mineralised tooth-like structures called "conodont elements" that in life were present in the oral cavity and used to process food. Rare soft tissue remains suggest that they had elongate eel-like bodies with large eyes. Conodonts were a long-lasting group with over 300 million years of existence from the Cambrian (over 500 million years ago) to the beginning of the Jurassic (around 200 million years ago). Conodont elements are highly distinctive to particular species and are widely used in biostratigraphy as indicative of particular periods of geological time.
Staurogyne hirsuta
Staurogyne hirsuta is a species of plant native to Brazilian cerrado vegetation. It is a subshrub endemic to Minas Gerais state in southeastern Brazil. This plant is cited in Flora Brasiliensis by Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius.

Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius
Carl Friedrich Philipp (Karl Friedrich Philipp) von Martius (17 April 1794 – 13 December 1868) was a German botanist and explorer. Between 1817 and 1820, he travelled 10,000 km through Brazil while collecting botanical specimens. His most important work was a comprehensive flora of Brazil, Flora Brasiliensis, which he initiated in 1840 and was completed posthumously in 1906.
Moulsford Downs
Moulsford Downs is a 13.6-hectare (34-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest north-west of Goring-on-Thames in Oxfordshire.

This chalk grassland site on the Berkshire Downs has a rich wildlife. The diverse invertebrate fauna includes the uncommon robber-fly Leptarthrus brevirostris, the adonis blue butterfly, the juniper shield bug, the weevils Baris picicornis and seed beetle Phyllobius  viridicollis, the leaf beetle Phyllotreta nodicornis and the Bruchus  cisti.

The site is private land with no public access.

Goring-on-Thames
Goring-on-Thames (or Goring) is a village and civil parish on the River Thames in South Oxfordshire, England. Situated on the county border with West Berkshire, it is 6 mi (10 km) south of Wallingford and 8 mi (13 km) north-west of Reading. It had a population of 3,187 in the 2011 census and was estimated to have increased to 3,335 by 2019.

Most land is farmland, with woodland on the Goring Gap outcrop of the Chiltern Hills. Its riverside plain encloses the residential area, including a high street with shops, pubs and restaurants. Goring & Streatley railway station lies on the Great Western Main Line, providing trains between London, Reading, and Didcot.

The village church is dedicated to St Thomas Becket with a nave that was built within 50 years of the saint's death, in the early 13th century, along with a later bell tower. Goring faces the smaller Streatley across the Thames; the two are linked by Goring and Streatley Bridge.
Members of the Victorian Legislative Assembly, 1921–1924
This is a list of members of the Victorian Legislative Assembly from 6 September 1921 to 28 May 1924, as elected at the 1921 state election and subsequent by-elections:

1  On 13 July 1922, the Nationalist member for Gippsland South, Thomas Livingston, died. Nationalist candidate Walter West won the resulting by-election on 18 August 1922.

2  On 8 July 1923, the Nationalist member for Daylesford, Donald McLeod, died. Labor candidate James McDonald won the resulting by-election on 9 August 1923, but was defeated in a September recount by Donald McLeod's son Roderick McLeod.

3  On 28 December 1923, the Nationalist member for Dalhousie, Allan Cameron, died. Labor candidate Reg Pollard won the resulting by-election on 31 January 1924.

4  On 6 April 1924, the Nationalist member for Gippsland West, Sir John Mackey, died. Victorian Farmers Union candidate Arthur Walter won the resulting by-election on 23 May 1924.

Allan Cameron (politician)
Allan Francis Cameron (11 April 1868 – 28 December 1923) was an Australian politician.

He was born at Kangaroo Ground to Ewen Hugh Cameron, also a politician, and Agnes Bell. He was a bank manager, running branches of the Commercial Bank at Romsey and Lancefield. On 24 October 1900 he married Jessie Lauder; they had three children. In 1914 he was elected to the Victorian Legislative Assembly as the Liberal member for Dalhousie. He served until his death at Jolimont in 1923.
NOAA-8
NOAA-8, known as NOAA-E before launch, was an American weather satellite operated by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) for use in the National Environmental Satellite Data and Information Service (NESDIS). It was first of the Advanced TIROS-N series of satellites. The satellite design provided an economical and stable Sun-synchronous platform for advanced operational instruments to measure the atmosphere of Earth, its surface and cloud cover, and the near-space environment.

Space environment
Space environment is a branch of astronautics, aerospace engineering and space physics that seeks to understand and address conditions existing in space that affect the design and operation of spacecraft. A related subject, space weather, deals with dynamic processes in the solar-terrestrial system that can give rise to effects on spacecraft, but that can also affect the atmosphere, ionosphere and geomagnetic field, giving rise to several other kinds of effects on human technologies.

Effects on spacecraft can arise from radiation, space debris and meteoroid impact, upper atmospheric drag and spacecraft electrostatic charging. Various mitigation strategies have been adopted.
AFC Unirea Slobozia
Asociația Fotbal Club Unirea 04 Slobozia, (Romanian pronunciation: [uˈnire̯a sloboˈzi.a]), commonly known as Unirea Slobozia or simply as Unirea, is a Romanian professional football club based in Slobozia, Ialomița County, which competes in the Liga I, the top tier of Romanian football.

The team was founded in 1955 and reestablished in 2004, being for the most part of its history a participant in the third division of the Romanian football. Unirea Slobozia has also spent several seasons in the second division, first in the early 1980s and then between 2012 and 2015, when also obtained 3rd place, the best ranking in the competition until then. Unirea promoted for the first time in history in first division at the end of the 2023–24 season.

"The Yellow-Blues" play their home games at the Stadionul 1 Mai, which can host 6,000 spectators.

Club (organization)
A club is an association of people united by a common interest or goal. A service club, for example, exists for voluntary or charitable activities. There are clubs devoted to hobbies and sports, social activities clubs, political and religious clubs, and so forth.
Barusiban
Barusiban (INN; development code FE-200440) is a non-peptide drug which is among the most potent and selective oxytocin receptor antagonists known. It was trialed by Ferring Pharmaceuticals as a treatment of preterm labor but failed to demonstrate effectiveness and was not pursued any further.

Ferring Pharmaceuticals
Ferring Pharmaceuticals is a Swiss multinational biopharmaceutical company specialising in areas such as reproductive health, maternal health, gastroenterology and urology. Ferring has been developing treatments for mothers and babies for over 50 years.

Headquartered in Saint-Prex, Switzerland, Ferring has its own manufacturing facilities in several European countries, in South America, China, India, and the United States.

Founded in 1950, privately owned Ferring employs over 7,000 employees worldwide, has its own operating subsidiaries in more than 50 countries and markets its products in over 100 countries.
Danish minority of Southern Schleswig
The Danish ethnic minority in Southern Schleswig, Germany, has existed by this name since 1920, when the Schleswig Plebiscite split German-ruled Schleswig into two parts: Northern Schleswig with a Danish majority and a German minority was united with Denmark, while Southern Schleswig remained a part of Germany and had a German majority and Danish and Frisian minority populations. Their historic roots go back to the beginning of Danish settlement after the emigration of the Angles. One of the most common names they use to describe themselves is danske sydslesvigere (English: Danish South Schleswigians; German: Dänische Südschleswiger).

Denmark has continued to support the minority financially. Danish schools and organizations have been run in Flensborg since 1920, and since 1926 throughout the greater region. Before the adoption of the democratic Weimar Constitution it was not allowed to teach in another language than German in school (apart from religious education lessons).

Frisians
The Frisians (/ˈfriːʒənz/ FREEZH-ənz) are an ethnic group indigenous to Northwestern Europe on the coastal regions of northern Netherlands, north-western Germany and southwestern Denmark. They inhabit an area known as Frisia and are concentrated in the Dutch province of Friesland and, in Germany, East Frisia and North Frisia (which was a part of Denmark until 1864).

The Frisian languages are spoken by more than 500,000 people; West Frisian is officially recognised in the Netherlands (in the Dutch province Friesland) while North Frisian and Saterland Frisian are recognised as regional languages in Germany.
Raúl Pérez (rugby union)
Raúl Norberto Pérez (born Rosario 2 July 1965) is an Argentine rugby union former player and coach of the Argentine Super Rugby side, the Jaguares. He is currently the head coach of Paraguay national rugby union team (Los Yakares). He played as a flanker. He worked as a systems analyst and programmer.

He played for Duendes Rugby Club his entire career, from 1983/84 to 1999/2000.

Pérez had 21 caps for Argentina, from 1992 to 1999, scoring 1 try, 5 points in aggregate. He was selected for the 1999 Rugby World Cup but never played.

Jaguares (Super Rugby)
The Jaguares were an Argentine professional rugby union team based in Buenos Aires, Argentina. They were founded in 2015 and are the first Argentine team to play in SANZAAR's Super Rugby competition, participating from the 2016 Super Rugby season onwards. They were the runners up during the  2019 Super Rugby season, losing to the Crusaders 19–3 in the Super Rugby Final, played on 6 July 2019. They participated in Super Rugby until the end of the 2020 Super Rugby season, before they departed the competition having not been named in any of the regionalised formats for the 2021 Super Rugby season.
With no competition in sight, players moved to different clubs in Europe and the national group disintegrated.
The Jaguares disbanded permanently in December 2022 due to the expansion of Super Rugby Americas, dividing into two new teams, Dogos XV and Pampas XV.
Everyone Has a Cobblepot
"Everyone Has a Cobblepot" is the eighteenth episode of the television series Gotham. It premiered on FOX on March 2, 2015 and was written by Megan Mostyn-Brown, and directed by Bill Eagles. In this episode, after Commissioner Loeb's (Peter Scolari) controversial moves, Gordon (Ben McKenzie) looks for a solution to the problem. Meanwhile, Fish Mooney (Jada Pinkett Smith) comes face to face with the prison's director.

The episode was watched by 6.10 million viewers and received positive reviews, with critics praising the twist ending and corruption themes.

Bill Eagles
Bill Eagles is a British film and television director. He is best known for directing the 2000 film Beautiful Creatures starring Susan Lynch and Rachel Weisz.

As a television director, he moved to Los Angeles in 2003 and worked for 10 years directing TV movies, mini series and episodic TV. Some his credits include CSI: Crime Scene Investigation, Gotham, Invasion, Cold Case, Numb3rs, Battlestar Galactica, Terminator: The Sarah Connor Chronicles, Threshold, Crash, Persons Unknown, Fringe and Pennyworth. He has also directed a number of television films in his native United Kingdom.
Steven Rosenblum
Steven Rosenblum is an American film editor with over twenty feature film credits dating from 1987. He has had an extended, notable collaboration with the director Edward Zwick, and has edited all of his films since Glory (1989).

Edward Zwick
Edward M. Zwick (born October 8, 1952) is an American filmmaker. He has worked primarily in the comedy drama and epic historical film genres and received an Academy Award and a BAFTA Award for his work producing Shakespeare in Love (1998).

He made his film debut with the comedy About Last Night (1986), followed by Glory (1989), Legends of the Fall (1994), Courage Under Fire (1996), The Siege (1998), The Last Samurai (2003), Blood Diamond (2006), and Defiance (2008). His later films include Love & Other Drugs (2010), Pawn Sacrifice (2014), and Jack Reacher: Never Go Back (2016).

He is also the co-creator of the ABC family drama series thirtysomething and Once and Again.
Ahmed Shah (Indian cricketer)
Ahmed Shah (born 3 February 1995) is an Indian cricketer. He made his first-class debut for Manipur in the 2018–19 Ranji Trophy on 30 December 2018. He made his Twenty20 debut for Manipur in the 2018–19 Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy on 21 February 2019. He made his List A debut on 28 September 2019, for Manipur in the 2019–20 Vijay Hazare Trophy.

2018–19 Ranji Trophy
The 2018–19 Ranji Trophy was the 85th season of the Ranji Trophy, the premier first-class cricket tournament that took place in India between November 2018 and February 2019. Vidarbha were the defending champions. The final took place between Vidarbha and Saurashtra, starting on 3 February 2019. Vidarbha defeated Saurashtra by 78 runs in the final, to become the sixth team in the tournament's history to retain their title.
Sandesh (Indian newspaper)
Sandesh is a Gujarati daily newspaper that started publications in Ahmedabad, Gujarat in 1923. It has the second largest readership in Gujarat as of 2019 according to the Indian Readership Survey. The paper focuses coverage on local and regional stories consequential to the various city editions in print, published from Surat, Vadodara, Rajkot, Bhavnagar, and Bhuj. The newspaper was purchased from the founder in 1958 by Chimanbhai S. Patel and has since been a core business division of 'The Sandesh Limited'.

Sandesh publishes several supplements and also prints Gujarati weekly editions and Sandesh International from Chicago, Illinois, United States.

Indian Readership Survey
The Indian Readership Survey (IRS) is the largest continuous readership research study in the world with an annual sample size exceeding 2.56 lakh (256,000) respondents. IRS collects a comprehensive range of demographic information and provides extensive coverage of consumer and product categories, including cars, household appliances, household durables, household care and personal care products, food and beverages, finance and holidays. IRS is not restricted to survey of readership alone but is synonymous with both readership and consumption across various FMCG (Fast-Moving Consumer Goods) products throughout India. IRS covers information on over 100 product categories. IRS is conducted by MRUC (Media Research Users Council) and RSCI (Readership Studies Council of India).
Beyond Calculation
Beyond Calculation is the second studio album by noise rock duo The Austerity Program, released in 2014 through their very own Controlled Burn Records. Upon its initial release, the album received warm reception among music critics and was ranked twelfth on Rolling Stone's 20 Best Metal Albums of 2014.

Noise rock
Noise rock is a subgenre of rock music that originally emerged in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Artists fuse rock music to noise, while utilizing extreme levels of guitar distortion and feedback, primarily through the use of electric guitars.
Fire's on
Fire's on is an 1891 oil on canvas landscape painting by Australian artist Arthur Streeton. The painting depicts the construction of the  Glenbrook Tunnel (also known as the Lapstone Tunnel) through the Blue Mountains. Unusually for a landscape, the painting is upright with a high horizon line. The painting's title refers to the warning call before the blast of the explosive.

The painting has been described as Streeton's "greatest work". Like his contemporary Tom Roberts' work Shearing the Rams (1890), Fire's on is an expression of Australian nationalism with its depiction of strong masculine labour building the nation's wealth. In Fire's on, however, the labourers themselves are dwarfed by the "heat-baked Australian landscape".

The painting was acquired by the Art Gallery of New South Wales in 1893 and remains part of its collection.

Shearing the Rams
Shearing the Rams is an 1890 painting by Australian artist Tom Roberts. It depicts sheep shearers plying their trade in a timber shearing shed. Distinctly Australian in character, the painting is a celebration of pastoral life and work, especially "strong, masculine labour", and recognises the role that the wool industry played in the development of the country.

One of the best-known and most-loved paintings in Australia, Shearing the Rams has been described as a "masterpiece of Australian impressionism" and "the great icon of Australian popular art history". It forms part of the National Gallery of Victoria's Australian art collection, held at the Ian Potter Centre in Federation Square, Melbourne.
American Ninja Warrior season 7
The seventh season of American Ninja Warrior premiered on NBC on May 25, 2015. Hosts Matt Iseman and Akbar Gbaja-Biamila returned for their respective sixth and third seasons while newcomer Kristine Leahy joined as sideline reporter, replacing Jenn Brown. In addition, this season's grand prize was increased from $500,000 to $1,000,000. The season concluded on September 14, 2015.

For the first time in American Ninja Warrior history, a competitor completed Stage 3 in the Las Vegas National Finals. Both Geoff Britten and Isaac Caldiero completed Stage 3 and climbed Stage 4 in the allotted time of 30 seconds and achieved "Total Victory." Caldiero made the climb in the faster time and was the first competitor to be awarded the grand prize of $1,000,000. However, the title of "First American Ninja Warrior" was unofficially awarded by the community to Britten for being the first to climb the tower.

Jenn Brown
Jennifer Lynne Brown (born March 23, 1981) is an American sports broadcaster and television host. A former Division I collegiate athlete for the University of Florida, she spent eight years as a reporter and host for ESPN and American Ninja Warrior.

Brown spent two years working for the NFL Network as a studio host and reporter. She also served as a reporter for College GameDay, the College World Series, Little League World Series, Summer and Winter X Games, and the ESPYs. She was a Los Angeles-based Bureau reporter for ESPN contributing interviews and reports for ESPN’s news-gathering operation for SportsCenter, College GameDay and College Football Live. She co-hosted ESPNU's college football show RoadTrip with Jonathan Drubner.
Ronan Quemener
Ronan Quemener (born February 13, 1988) is a French ice hockey goaltender who is currently playing for Drakkars de Caen of the FFHG Division 1.

Quemener previously played in the Ligue Magnus for Dragons de Rouen, Rapaces de Gap, Brûleurs de Loups, Diables Rouges de Briançon and Boxers de Bordeaux.

Quemener has also played for France at the 2011, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018 IIHF World Championship.

2016 IIHF World Championship
The 2016 IIHF World Championship was the 80th such event hosted by the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF), being held from 6 to 22 May 2016 in Moscow and Saint Petersburg, Russia. Canada entered the tournament as the defending 2015 champions. Hungary returned to the Championship after a 6-year absence, and Kazakhstan after a 1-year absence.

Canada won their 26th gold medal, defeating Finland 2–0 in the gold medal game. With the win Corey Perry became the second consecutive Canadian team captain to earn membership in the Triple Gold Club. Russia won the bronze medal, defeating the United States 7–2 in the bronze medal game.
Rodolfo Lanciani
Rodolfo Amedeo Lanciani (1 January 1845 – 22 May 1929) was an Italian archaeologist, a pioneering student of  ancient Roman topography. Among his many excavations was that of the House of the Vestals in the Roman Forum.

Lanciani earned LL.D. degrees from Aberdeen, Glasgow, and Harvard and a Ph.D. degree from Würzburg.

University of Würzburg
The Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg (also referred to as the University of Würzburg, in German Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg) is a public research university in Würzburg, Germany. Founded in 1402, it is one of the oldest institutions of higher learning in Germany. The university initially had a brief run and was closed in 1415. It was reopened in 1582 on the initiative of Julius Echter von Mespelbrunn. Today, the university is named for Julius Echter von Mespelbrunn and Maximilian Joseph.

The University of Würzburg is part of the U15 group of research-intensive German universities. The university is also a member of the Coimbra Group. In the winter semester 2022/2023, 26,787 students were enrolled, of which 16,351 were women and 3,250 were first semester university students. The University is associated with 14 Nobel laureates.