hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mount Jefferson (Madison County, Montana)
Mount Jefferson is a mountain in the U.S. state of Montana, and is one of the many 10,000+ ft peaks in the Tobacco Root Mountains. The mountain is located in Beaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest. (There is also another Mount Jefferson in Montana, further south, on the Idaho/Montana border.) Hollowtop Mountain is an adjacent, taller peak less than .75 miles (1.2 km) to the north. Over the years, the two summits have had numerous names and elevations recorded on various maps. According to U.S. Geological Survey topographic maps, Mount Jefferson is 10,513 ft (3,204 m), while Hollowtop Mountain to the north is 10,604 ft (3,232 m).

Tobacco Root Mountains
The Tobacco Root Mountains lie in the northern Rocky Mountains, between the Jefferson and Madison Rivers in southwest Montana. The highest peak is Hollowtop at 10,604 feet (3,232 m). The range contains 43 peaks rising to elevations greater than 10,000 feet (3048 m).

Much of the central part of the range is within the Beaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest, although many—mostly small—patented mining claims exist within the forest boundary. The range saw significant gold mining, especially during the 1880s to 1930s.

The high peaks have been extensively glaciated, and most of the larger stream valleys held valley glaciers during the ice age.
Mo So massacre
The Mo So Massacre, also known as the Christmas Eve Massacre, was a mass killing of civilians that occurred on the afternoon of 24 December 2021, in Hpruso Township in Kayah State, Myanmar. During the massacre, Myanmar Army troops killed and burned over forty people.

The following day, the Karenni Nationalities Defence Force (KNDF) found the victims burned in their vehicles. The incident was condemned by the United Nations, Save the Children, and the United States Embassy in Myanmar.

Hpruso Township
Hpruso Township (Burmese: ဖရူဆိုမြို့နယ်) is a township of Demoso District in the western part of Kayah State in Myanmar. In 2022, it was moved out of Loikaw District to form part of the new Demoso District.

The principal town lies at Hpruso.
Healthcare reform in the United States
Healthcare reform in the United States is the comprehensive change in the law and conduct of the healthcare system in the United States. Reforms have often been proposed but have rarely been accomplished. In 2010, landmark reform was passed through two federal statutes: the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA), signed March 23, 2010, and the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 (H.R. 4872), which amended the PPACA and became law on March 30, 2010.

Future reforms of the American health care system continue to be proposed, with notable proposals including a single-payer system and a reduction in fee-for-service medical care. The PPACA includes a new agency, the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Innovation (CMS Innovation Center), which is intended to research reform ideas through pilot projects.

Congressional Budget Office
The Congressional Budget Office (CBO) is a federal agency within the legislative branch of the United States government that provides budget and economic information to Congress. It is headquartered at the Ford House Office Building in Washington, DC. Inspired by California's Legislative Analyst's Office that manages the state budget in a strictly nonpartisan fashion, the CBO was created as a nonpartisan agency by the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974.

Whereas politicians on both sides of the aisle have criticized the CBO when its estimates have been politically inconvenient, economists and other academics overwhelmingly reject that the CBO is partisan or that it fails to produce credible forecasts. There is a consensus among economists that "adjusting for legal restrictions on what the CBO can assume about future legislation and events, the CBO has historically issued credible forecasts of the effects of both Democratic and Republican legislative proposals."
Hjerkinn
Hjerkinn is a village in Dovre Municipality in Innlandet county in Norway. The village is located in the Dovrefjell mountains, about 30 kilometres (19 mi) northeast of the village of Dombås and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northwest of the village of Folldal.

It is one of the driest places in the country, with only 222 millimetres (8.7 in) annual precipitation in the 10-year period 1905-14.

The railway station Hjerkinn Station is located on the Dovre Line, at an elevation of 1,017 metres (3,337 ft) above mean sea level. The European route E6 highway also passes through the village. Until 1993 there was mining in the village by Folldal Gruver. The Norwegian military also has a camp at Hjerkinn. Eystein Church is also located in the village, along the historic pilgrim's route to Nidaros Cathedral.

Norwegian Armed Forces
The Norwegian Armed Forces (Norwegian: Forsvaret, lit. 'The Defence') are the armed forces responsible for the defence of Norway. It consists of five branches, the Norwegian Army, the Royal Norwegian Navy, which includes the Coast Guard, the Royal Norwegian Air Force, the Home Guard, and Norwegian Cyber Defence Force as well as several joint departments.

The military force in peacetime is around 17,185 personnel including military and civilian staff, and around 70,000 in total with the current military personnel, conscripts and the Norwegian Home Guard in full mobilization.

Among European NATO members, the military expenditure of US$7.2 billion is the highest per capita.
Milwaukee Jaycee Open
The Milwaukee Jaycee Open was a golf tournament on the LPGA Tour from 1962 to 1967. It was played at two different courses in the Milwaukee, Wisconsin area: Tuckaway Country Club Franklin in 1962 and 1966 and North Shore Country Club, then located in Bayside, Wisconsin in 1963–1965, and 1967. Both courses would later host the Greater Milwaukee Open on the PGA Tour.

Kathy Whitworth
Kathrynne Ann Whitworth (September 27, 1939 – December 24, 2022) was an American professional golfer. During her playing career she won 88 LPGA Tour tournaments, more than anyone else on the LPGA or PGA Tours. Whitworth was also a runner-up 93 times, giving her 181 top-two finishes. In 1981, she became the first woman to reach career earnings of $1 million on the LPGA Tour. She is a member of the World Golf Hall of Fame.
Lodekka (band)
Lodekka is the London-based project of multi-instrumental musician and graphic designer Stuart Dace, signed to the independent British record label, Freshly Squeezed. Named after the Bristol Lodekka bus, Lodekka's music is a fusion of funk, electronic and soul music.

Bristol Lodekka
The Bristol Lodekka is a half-cab low-height step-free double-decker bus built by Bristol Commercial Vehicles in England. It was the first production bus design to have step-free access from passenger entrance throughout the lower deck.
Tōru Doi
Tōru Doi (土井 亨, Doi Tōru; born 12 August 1958) is a Japanese politician who is serving as a member of the House of Representatives. He has served as State Minister of Reconstruction (Third Abe Cabinet (Third Reshuffle) and Fourth Abe Cabinet), State Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (Third Abe Cabinet (First Reshuffle)), Parliamentary Vice-Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (Second Abe Cabinet), Chairman of the House of Representatives Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism Committee, and Chairman of the Liberal Democratic Party's Finance and Banking Committee.

Murayama Statement
The Murayama Statement (村山談話, Murayama Danwa) was a political statement released by Prime Minister of Japan Tomiichi Murayama on August 15, 1995, officially titled "On the Occasion of the 50th Anniversary of the War's End" (戦後50周年の終戦記念日にあたっての村山内閣総理大臣談話, Sengo 50 Shūnen no Shūsen Kinenbi Niatatte no Murayama Naikaku-sōri-daijin Danwa).

It synthesized the position of the Japanese government on historical recognition and reconciliation with Asia and other nations subjected to Japanese colonialism, primarily involving China, Korea, Singapore as well as the rest of Southeast Asia. The statement also recognized the judgements of war tribunals prescribed in Article 11 of the San Francisco Peace Treaty. In this way, the Murayama Statement played a significant role in both the reconciliation of war issues as well as the shift in both domestic and international perception of Japan.
Cardinals created by Martin V
Pope Martin V (r. 1417–1431) created seventeen cardinals in four consistories held throughout his pontificate. He remade Baldassare Cossa - the reconciled former Antipope John XXIII as a cardinal. It is said that the pope was the first one to name cardinals without "publishing" them at the same time and so these creations differed than those kept in pectore. The latter ones are known to the pope alone while the former are known to the College of Cardinals. The two he named in 1423 are examples of this in addition to two in 1426 and another two in 1430. Those reserved in 1426 were announced in 1430 while one in 1430 was revealed on 4 July 1431 and another was revealed later on 11 March 1432 both by Pope Eugene IV.

In pectore
In pectore (Latin for 'in the breast/heart') is a term used in the Catholic Church for an action, decision, or document which is meant to be kept secret. It is most often used when there is a papal appointment to the College of Cardinals without a public announcement; the pope keeps the name of that cardinal to himself. The Italian-language version of the phrase—in petto—is sometimes used. When the name of a new cardinal is announced or made public, it is sometimes said to be published.

Since the practice arose in the 16th century its use has varied greatly. Some popes have used it rarely or not at all, while others have used it regularly. In the first half of the 19th century, Pope Gregory XVI appointed half of his 75 cardinals in pectore and left several unidentified at his death.
Diocese of Cartago in Costa Rica
The Diocese of Cartago (Latin: Dioecesis Carthaginensis in Costa Rica) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in Costa Rica. The Diocese of Cartago in Costa Rica is a suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province covering all Costa Rica of the metropolitan Archdiocese of San José de Costa Rica .

Its cathedral episcopal see is the Catedral de Nuestra Señora de El Carmen, dedicated to Our Lady of Carmel, in Cartago, Cartago province, central Costa Rica. It also has two Minor Basilicas: the Basílica de la Inmaculada Concepción, dedicated to the Immaculate Conception, in Tejar; and the Basílica de Nuestra Señora de Los Ángeles, dedicated to Our Lady of Angels, both in Cartago.

Suffragan diocese
A suffragan diocese is one of the dioceses other than the metropolitan archdiocese that constitute an ecclesiastical province. It exists in some Christian denominations, in particular the Catholic Church, the Episcopal Church, Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria, and the Romanian Orthodox Church.

In the Catholic Church, although such a diocese is governed by its own bishop or ordinary, who is the suffragan bishop, the metropolitan archbishop has in its regard certain rights and duties of oversight. He has no power of governance within a suffragan diocese, but has some limited rights and duties to intervene in cases of neglect by the authorities of the diocese itself.
Palestine at the 2018 Asian Games
Palestine competed in the 2018 Asian Games in Jakarta and Palembang, Indonesia from 18 August to 2 September 2018. Palestine have competed in the Asian Games since 1994 with only one entrant and won their first medal in 2002 Busan with a bronze in boxing. This event marks the eight Asian Games appearance for Palestine.

1994 Asian Games
The 1994 Asian Games (1994年アジア競技大会), also known as the XII Asiad and the 12th Asian Games (第12回アジア競技大会) or simply Hiroshima 1994 (広島1994), were held from October 2 to 16, 1994, in Hiroshima, Japan. It was the first Asian Games in history to be hosted in a non-capital city. The main theme of this edition was to promote peace and harmony among Asian nations. This concept was used due to the historical fact that the city was the site of the first atomic bomb attack 49 years earlier. Due to the 1991 Gulf War, Iraq was suspended from the games. The games debuted the five Asian former republics of the Soviet Union: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan.

There were a total number of 6,828 athletes and officials involved, from 42 countries, with a total number of 34 sports. Debut sports at this edition of the Asiad were baseball, karate and modern pentathlon.
FC DAC 1904 Dunajská Streda
FC DAC 1904 is a Slovak professional football club based in Dunajská Streda which competes in the Slovak First Football League. In the 2007–08 season, they were the west group champions of the Slovak Third League. In the 2008–09 season, after merging with FC Senec, they entered the top division. The club is strongly associated with and supported by the Hungarian minority in Slovakia.

Slovak Cup
The Slovak Cup (Slovak: Slovenský pohár), currently named Slovnaft Cup due to sponsorship agreement with Slovnaft, is the only nationwide knockout competition in Slovak football. The winner qualifies for the first round of the UEFA Europa League qualification.
The Great Brain Robbery (album)
The Great Brain Robbery is the second and final studio album by British indie rock band The Crocketts. Recorded at Chapel Studios, Monnow Valley Studio and Ridge Farm Studio with producers Charlie Francis and Bird & Bush, the album was released by Blue Dog Records in conjunction with V2 Records on 17 April 2000. "Host", "On Something" and "1939 Returning/Chicken vs. Macho" were released as singles in 2000, all of which reached the top 100 on the UK Singles Chart.

Ridge Farm Studio
Ridge Farm Studio was one of the earliest residential recording studios in the United Kingdom. The studio operated for over twenty-five years and had artists, musicians, and producers from all over the world record and produce music there.
2021 America East Conference softball tournament
The 2021 America East Conference softball tournament was held at the Diamond at UMBC on the campus of the University of Maryland, Baltimore County in Baltimore, Maryland from May 13 through May 15, 2021. The tournament was won by the UMBC Retrievers, who earned the America East Conference's automatic bid to the 2021 NCAA Division I softball tournament

UMBC Retrievers
The UMBC Retrievers are the athletic teams that represent the University of Maryland, Baltimore County, located in Catonsville, Maryland, in intercollegiate athletics as a member of the Division I level of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), primarily competing in the America East Conference since the 2003–04 academic year. The Retrievers previously competed in the Northeast Conference (NEC) from 1998–99 to 2002–03; and in the Big South Conference from 1992–93 to 1997–98; while they also competed in the Mason–Dixon Conference at the NCAA Division II ranks: the first variation of it from 1972–73 to 1977–78; and the second variation from 1983–84 to 1987–88.

On March 16, 2018, the Retrievers men's basketball team defeated the #1 ranked Virginia Cavaliers in the NCAA men's basketball tournament. The result marked the first time a 16-seed had ever defeated a 1-seed in the tournament out of 135 previous match-ups.
Nur ibn Mujahid
Nur al-Din or Nur ibn Mujahid ibn ‘Ali ibn ‘Abdullah al Dhuhi Suha (Harari: ኑር ኢብን ሙጃሂድ, Somali: Nuur ibn Mujaahid, Arabic: نور بن مجاهد; died 1567) was an Emir of Harar who ruled over the Adal Sultanate. He was known for his victory in Fatagar against Ethiopian forces and for marrying his uncle's widow, Bati del Wambara. He succeeded Imam Ahmad Ibn Ibrahim as the leader of the Muslim forces against Christian Ethiopia by defeating the Emperor Galewdewos in battle in 1559. He is often cited as the "King of Adel" in medieval texts.

Emperor of Ethiopia
The emperor of Ethiopia (Ge'ez: ንጉሠ ነገሥት, romanized: nəgusä nägäst, "King of Kings"), also known as the Atse (Amharic: ዐፄ, "emperor"), was the hereditary ruler of the Ethiopian Empire, from at least the 13th century until the abolition of the monarchy in 1975. The emperor was the head of state and head of government, with ultimate executive, judicial and legislative power in that country. A National Geographic article from 1965 called Imperial Ethiopia "nominally a constitutional monarchy; in fact it was a benevolent autocracy".
Sheffield School of Architecture
The Sheffield School of Architecture is an architecture school in Sheffield, England, and part of the University of Sheffield. It is located on the top six floors of the Arts Tower. The Times and Sunday Times Good University Guide 2015 placed SSoA among the top two schools of architecture in the UK (up from 3rd in the Times 2014 Guide). The school was rated 2nd by architectural practices in the Architects' Journal, AJ100 2014 list of the best schools of architecture in the UK. It has a strong social and political agenda.

It is one of the longest established architecture schools in the UK, having opened in 1908. It has courses accredited by the Architects Registration Board (ARB) and the Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA). In the Research Excellence Framework (REF) 2014 SSoA ranked 4th in the UK. In 2020, both The Complete University Guide and Guardian ranked the school among top three in UK for architecture.

It also has an active student society (SUAS).

Architects' Journal
Architects' Journal is a professional architecture magazine, published monthly in London by Metropolis International. Each issue includes in-depth features on relevant current affairs, alongside profiles of recently completed buildings. Ten times per year the magazine is accompanied by sister publication AJ Specification.

Architects’ Journal’s website – which attracts 8 million views a year – is focused on breaking news, and is where the publication’s investigative journalism and campaigns can be found. This includes the RetroFirst campaign, which helps architects to ensure they embed sustainability into every part of their practice.

In 2018 Architects’ Journal was awarded Magazine of the Year at the Professional Publishers Association Awards., and was named Editorial Brand of the Year at the International Building Press Awards in 2020, 2021 and 2023.
Sign
A sign is an object, quality, event, or entity whose presence or occurrence indicates the probable presence or occurrence of something else. A natural sign bears a causal relation to its object—for instance, thunder is a sign of storm, or medical symptoms a sign of disease. A conventional sign signifies by agreement, as a full stop signifies the end of a sentence; similarly the words and expressions of a language, as well as bodily gestures, can be regarded as signs, expressing particular meanings. The physical objects most commonly referred to as signs (notices, road signs, etc., collectively known as signage) generally inform or instruct using written text, symbols, pictures or a combination of these.

The philosophical study of signs and symbols is called semiotics; this includes the study of semiosis, which is the way in which signs (in the semiotic sense) operate.

Quality (philosophy)
In philosophy, a quality is an attribute or a property characteristic of an object. In contemporary philosophy the idea of qualities, and especially how to distinguish certain kinds of qualities from one another, remains controversial.
Lydia Greenway
Lydia Sophie Greenway OBE (born 6 August 1985) is an English cricket commentator and former cricketer who played as a left-handed batter and occasional right-arm off break bowler. She was also regarded as one of the best outfielders in the women's game. She appeared in 14 Test matches, 126 One Day Internationals and 85 Twenty20 Internationals for England between 2003 and 2016. She played county cricket for Kent and played in the 2016 Women's Cricket Super League for the Southern Vipers.

Women's Test cricket
Women's Test cricket is the longest format of women's cricket and is the female equivalent to men's Test cricket. Matches comprise four-innings and are held over a maximum of four days between two of the leading cricketing nations. The rules governing the format differ little from those for the men's game, with differences generally being technicalities surrounding umpiring and field size.

The first women's Test match was played by England women and Australia women in December 1934, a three-day contest held in Brisbane which England won by nine wickets. A total of 149 Women's Test matches have been played. Far fewer matches are played each year in favour of Women's One Day Internationals and Women's Twenty20 Internationals, with the international calendar revolving around the shorter formats of the game.
Alfredo Müller
Alfredo Müller (June 30, 1869 – February 7, 1939) was a Franco-Italian painter and printmaker of Swiss nationality.
As a painter from Livorno, he might have belonged to the group of the Postmacchiaioli, together with Mario Puccini, Oscar Ghiglia, Plinio Nomellini, Ulvi Liegi, Giovanni Bartolena, and others, but he is a disciple of the Florentine portraitist Michele Gordigiani. As a French engraver, he was close to Francis Jourdain, Manuel Robbe, Richard Ranft, Eugène Delâtre, Théophile Steinlen.

Nouvelles de l'estampe
Nouvelles de l'estampe (in French : "News about prints") is a scholarly journal on prints (etchings, engravings, lithography, etc.). It is published by the Comité national de la gravure française and its office is at the prints department of the Bibliothèque nationale de France, which sponsors the journal. The journal is abstracted and indexed in the Bibliography of the History of Art and the Bibliographie de l'histoire de France.
Kirchroth
Kirchroth (German pronunciation: [ˈkɪʁçʁoːt]; Bavarian: Kirchroud) is a municipality in the district of Straubing-Bogen in Bavaria, Germany. It lies on the Danube River. By the local government reform of May 1978 villages Kößnach, Oberzeitldorn, Obermiethnach, Pillnach, Pondorf, Niederachdorf, as well as Aufroth and Neuroth were incorporated.

Bavarian language
Bavarian (Boarisch or Bairisch; German: Bayrisch [ˈbaɪʁɪʃ] ⓘ), alternately Austro-Bavarian, is a group of Upper German varieties spoken in the south-east of the German language area, including the German state of Bavaria, most of Austria, and South Tyrol in Italy. Prior to 1945, Bavarian was also prevalent in parts of the southern Sudetenland and western Hungary. Bavarian is spoken by approximately 12 million people in an area of around 125,000 square kilometres (48,000 sq mi), making it the largest of all German dialects. In 2008, 45 percent of Bavarians claimed to use only dialect in everyday communication.
João Junqueira
João Manuel Perera Junqueira (born 24 June 1965 in Chaves, Alto Trás-os-Montes) is a retired Portuguese runner who specialized in the 3000 metres steeplechase.

He competed in his special event at the 1991, 1993 and 1999 World Championships and placed sixth in the 10,000 m in 1994 European Athletics Championships as well as the 1992 Summer Olympics.

At the 1993 World Cross Country Championships he earned the distinction of a bronze medal in the team competition, having finished 41st in the individual long race. He then recorded his best placing with a 23rd place in the 1998 short race, the team finishing fifth. He was also a part of the sixth-place Portuguese team at the 2001 World Cross Country Championships.

2001 IAAF World Cross Country Championships
The 2001 IAAF World Cross Country Championships took place on March 24/25, 2001.  The races were held at the Hippodrome Wellington in Ostend (Oostende), Belgium.  Reports of the event were given in The New York Times, in the Herald,  and for the IAAF.

Complete results for senior men, for senior men's teams, for men's short race, for men's short race teams, for junior men, for junior men's teams, senior women, for senior women's teams, for women's short race, for women's short race teams, for junior women,  for junior women's teams, medallists, and the results of British athletes who took part were published.