hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nikolaus Rüdinger
Nikolaus Rüdinger (25 March 1832 – 25 August 1896) was a German anatomist born in Bingen am Rhein, in the Grand Duchy of Hesse (present-day Rhineland-Palatinate).

He studied at the Universities of Heidelberg and Giessen. In 1855 he worked as a prosector at the University of Munich, where in 1870 he was appointed as a professor of anatomy and second curator of the anatomical institute.

Rüdinger is credited for introducing a new method for preservation of corpses in the dissecting room. This procedure involved injections of carbolic acid mixed with glycerine and alcohol. In addition, he is remembered for using photography for anatomical diagnoses. He died in Tutzing on 25 August 1896 at the age of 64.

Glycerol
Glycerol (/ˈɡlɪsərɒl/) is a sugar alcohol with chemical formula C3H5(OH)3. It has three carbon atoms and as many hydroxyl groups. It is a colorless, odorless, sweet-tasting, viscous liquid at Standard Ambient Temperature and Pressure (SATP). Because of its three hydroxyl groups, glycerol is miscible with water and is hygroscopic in nature.

The glycerol backbone is found in lipids known as glycerides, where one or more of the hydroxyl groups are esterified with fatty acids. The most abundant of glycerides are triglycerides (found in animal fats and vegetable oils), the form in which glycerol is most commonly found in nature. It is also widely used as a sweetener in the food industry and as a humectant in pharmaceutical formulations.

Modern use of the word glycerine (alternatively spelled glycerin) refers to commercial preparations of less than 100% purity, typically 95% glycerol.
Women's Hockey Champions Challenge II
The Women's Hockey Champions Challenge II is a former international field hockey competition. The tournament was only contested on two occasions, in 2009 and 2011.

In 2011, the tournament was disbanded to make way for the FIH Hockey World League, which began in 2012.

Belgium and India were the only teams to triumph at the Champions Challenge II in its two editions, with Belgium being the most recent winners.

Belgium women's national field hockey team
The Belgium women's national field hockey team represents Belgium in international women's field hockey and is controlled by the Royal Belgian Hockey Association, the governing body for field hockey in Belgium. The team is coached by Rein van Eijk since 2025.
Bulgarian Women's Union
The Bulgarian Women's Union (Bulgarian: Български женски съюз, 'Balgarski Zhenski Sayuz' \'b&l-gar-ski 'zhen-ski s&-'yuz\), was a women's rights organisation active in Bulgaria from 1901 to 1944.

In 1901, the organisation was founded by Vela Blagoeva, Ekaterina Karavelova, Anna Karima, Kina Konova, Julia Malinova, and Zheni Pateva. The organization was an umbrella organization of the 27 local women's organisations that had been established in Bulgaria since 1878. It was founded as a reply to the limitations of women's education and access to university studies in the 1890s, with the goal to further women's intellectual development and participation, arranged national congresses and used Zhenski glas as its organ. It was dissolved following the communist take over in Bulgaria in 1944 and replaced by the Bulgarian National Women's Union.

Chairpersons

1901-1906: Anna Karima

1908-1910: Julia Malinova

1912-1926: Julia Malinova

1926-1944: Dimitrana Ivanova

Bulgarian National Women's Union
Bulgarian National Women's Union or Bulgarian People’s Women’s Union, was a state women's organization in Communist Bulgaria, founded in 1945. It was a state organization and a branch of the Communist Party.
Svend Tronkræver
Svend Tronkræver or Svend Svendsen (died 1104) was a Danish prince, one of the illegitimate sons of king Sweyn II of Denmark. He shared the same name with his brother Sweyn the Crusader and another brother.

When his brother Eric Evergood died in July 1103 during a pilgrimage, Svend tried to become the next King of Denmark. On the way to the royal elections at Viborg, he became ill. Not wanting any rivals to get there ahead of him, he continued the journey anyway, but died of hardships. Instead, his younger brother Niels, the last surviving son of King Sweyn II, was elected king the following year.

He was the father of Henrik Skadelår and grandfather of Magnus Henriksen, who ruled briefly as King of Sweden between 1160 and 1161.

Magnus Henriksson
Magnus Henriksson (Danish: Magnus Henriksen; c. 1130 – 1161), also known as Magnus II, was a Danish lord who ruled as King of Sweden between 1160 and 1161. He was descended from King Inge I of Sweden through his mother, and from Sweyn II of Denmark through his father. According to Saxo Grammaticus, he was involved in the assassination of an earlier king, Sverker the Elder, and the Legend of Saint Erik attributes the killing of his predecessor Erik Jedvardsson (Saint Erik) to him. He was recognized as king only in parts of Sweden before being defeated and killed by Karl Sverkersson at a battle in Örebro in 1161.
Workin' on a Groovy Thing (Bola Sete album)
Workin' on a Groovy Thing is an album by Brazilian guitarist Bola Sete, released in 1970 through Paramount Records. It contains "Bettina", which has been sampled by popular artists such as Lovage, Destiny's Child and A Tribe Called Quest.

Lovage (band)
Lovage was a collaborative project headed by Dan the Automator, under his pseudonym "Nathaniel Merriweather" (a persona he created for the project Handsome Boy Modeling School). Their only album is titled Music to Make Love to Your Old Lady By, which was created in team with Mike Patton and Jennifer Charles, who both provide vocals. Kid Koala plays turntables and samples and toured with the band for their 13-city U.S. tour.
Underbelly
Underbelly is the side of something that is not normally seen. Figuratively, it means a vulnerable or weak part, similar to the term Achilles' heel, or alternatively, a hidden, illicit side of society.

This term could refer to:

Achilles' heel
An Achilles' heel (or  Achilles heel) is a weakness despite overall strength, which can lead to downfall. While the mythological origin refers to a physical vulnerability, idiomatic references to other attributes or qualities that can lead to downfall are common.
Judomiella
Judomiella is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived during the early part of the Botomian stage, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago. This faunal stage was part of the Cambrian Period.

Cambrian Stage 4
Cambrian Stage 4 is the still unnamed fourth stage of the Cambrian and the upper stage of Cambrian Series 2. It follows Cambrian Stage 3 and lies below the Wuliuan. The lower boundary has not been formally defined by the International Commission on Stratigraphy. One proposal is the first appearance of two trilobite genera, Olenellus or Redlichia. Another proposal is the first appearance of the trilobite species Arthricocephalus chauveaui. Both proposals will set the lower boundary close to 514.5 million years ago. The upper boundary corresponds to the beginning of the Wuliuan.
Toyokawa Inari
Myōgon-ji (妙厳寺), also known as Toyokawa Inari (shinjitai: 豊川稲荷; kyūjitai: 豐川稲荷), is a Sōtō Zen Buddhist temple located in the city of Toyokawa in eastern Aichi Prefecture, Japan.

Although the temple's main image is that of the thousand-armed form of the bodhisattva Avalokiteśvara (Senju Kannon), it is more well-known for its guardian deity Toyokawa Dakini Shinten, a syncretic goddess who assumed characteristics of Inari, the Shinto kami of fertility, rice, agriculture, industry and worldly success. Despite the presence of a torii gate at the entrance (a relic of the amalgamation of Buddhism and native beliefs before the early modern period), the institution is a Buddhist temple and has no overt association with the Shinto religion.

Honzon
Honzon (本尊, "fundamental honored [one]"), sometimes referred to as a Gohonzon (ご本尊 or 御本尊), is the enshrined main image or principal deity in Japanese Buddhism.  The buddha, bodhisattva, or mandala image is located in either a temple or a household butsudan.

The image can be either a statue or a small scroll and varies from sect to sect. It can be a singular image or a group of images; the honzon in the main (hondō) or treasure (kondō) hall of the temple can be for that particular hall or the entire temple complex.  Sometimes honzon is the central image (chūson) of a cluster of three (sanzonbutsu) or five (goson) images.

The physical creation of an icon is followed by a consecration ceremony (known as kaigen, literally 'opening the eyes' or 'dotting the eyes'). It is believed this transforms the honzon into a 'vessel' of the deity which in its own right has power.
Rivotorto
Rivotorto is a frazione of the comune of Assisi in the Province of Perugia, Umbria, central Italy. It stands at an elevation of 211 m (692 ft) above sea level. At the time of the Istat census of 2001 it had 1284 inhabitants.  The name comes from a small river that flows through the frazione. In the Umbrian dialect, rivo means 'stream'.

Assisi
Assisi (/əˈsiːsi/, also US: /-iːzi, əˈsɪsi, -ɪzi/; Italian: [asˈsiːzi]; from Latin: Asisium; Central Italian: Ascesi) is a town and comune of Italy in the Province of Perugia in the Umbria region, on the western flank of Monte Subasio.

It is generally regarded as the birthplace of the Latin poet Propertius, born around 50–45 BC. It is the birthplace of St. Francis, who founded the Order of Friars Minor in that town in 1208, and of St. Clare of Assisi (Chiara d'Offreducci), who, with St. Francis, founded the Order of Poor Ladies, which later became the Order of Poor Clares after her death. In 1838, St. Gabriel of Our Lady of Sorrows was also born in Assisi.
Crescent Enterprises
Crescent Enterprises is a multinational company headquartered in Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. The company operates through four platforms: CE-Operates, CE-Invests, CE-Ventures, and CE-Creates, across sectors that include ports and logistics, food and beverages, and business aviation as well as across business verticals, such as private equity, venture capital, and business incubation.

Crescent Enterprises, created in 2007, is a subsidiary of the Crescent Group, a family business group operating in the MENA region since 1971. The Crescent Group's other subsidiary, Crescent Petroleum, is a privately owned upstream oil and gas company in the Middle East.

Emirate of Sharjah
The Emirate of Sharjah (/ˈʃɑːrdʒə/; Arabic: إِمَارَة ٱلشَّارِقَة Imārat Aš-Šāriqah) is one of the emirates of the United Arab Emirates. It covers 2,900 square kilometres (1,100 sq mi) and has a population of over 1,800,000 (2022). It comprises the capital city of Sharjah, after which it is named, and other minor towns and exclaves such as Kalba, Al Dhaid, Dibba Al-Hisn and Khor Fakkan.

The emirate is an absolute monarchy. It has been ruled by Sultan bin Muhammad Al-Qasimi since 1972, except for a seven-day period during an attempted coup d'etat by his brother, Sheikh Abd al-Aziz bin Muhammad Al Qasimi.
Bloc populaire
The Bloc populaire canadien (French pronunciation: [blɔk pɔpylɛʁ kanadjɛ̃], lit. 'Canadian Popular Bloc'), often shortened to the Bloc populaire or the Bloc, was a political party in the Canadian province of Quebec from 1942 to 1947. It was founded on September 8, 1942, by opponents of conscription during the Second World War. The party ran candidates at both federal and provincial levels. In the 1945 federal election, the party made a minor breakthrough by winning two seats in the House of Commons.

Camillien Houde
Camillien Houde CBE OStJ (French pronunciation: [kamiljɛ̃ ud]; August 13, 1889 – September 11, 1958) was a Quebec politician, a Member of Parliament, and a four-time mayor of Montreal. He is of the few Canadian politicians to have served at all three levels of government. During World War II, Houde was interned under the War Measures Act for campaigning against conscription.
Pendeen Lighthouse
Pendeen Lighthouse, also known as Pendeen Watch is an active aid to navigation located 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) to the north of Pendeen in west Cornwall, England. It is located within the Aire Point to Carrick Du SSSI, the Cornwall Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty and the Penwith Heritage Coast. The South West Coast Path passes to the south.

Navigational aid
A navigational aid (NAVAID), also known as aid to navigation (ATON), is any sort of signal, markers or guidance equipment which aids the traveller in navigation, usually nautical or aviation travel.  Common types of such aids include lighthouses, buoys, fog signals, and day beacons.
Gopal Ravidas
Gopal Ravidas is an Indian politician from Bihar and a Member of the Bihar Legislative Assembly. Ravidas won the Phulwari Assembly constituency on the Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation ticket in the 2020 Bihar Legislative Assembly election.

Phulwari Assembly constituency
Phulwari Assembly constituency is one of 243 constituencies of legislative assembly of Bihar. It comes under Pataliputra Lok Sabha constituency along with other assembly constituencies viz. Danapur, Maner, Masaurhi, Paliganj and Bikram.  It is reserved for scheduled castes.
2015–16 Israeli Premier League
The 2015–16 Israeli Premier League was the seventeenth season since its introduction in 1999 and the 74th season of top-tier football in Israel. It began on 22 August 2015 and ended in May 2016. Hapoel Be'er Sheva became champion after 40 years without winning a main national competition, interrupting the sequence of three consecutive titles of Maccabi Tel Aviv.

2014–15 Liga Leumit
The 2014–15 Liga Leumit was the 16th season as second tier since its re-alignment in 1999 and the 73rd season of second-tier football in Israel.

A total of sixteen teams are contesting in the league, including eleven sides from the 2013–14 season, the three promoted teams from 2013–14 Liga Alef and the two relegated teams from 2013–14 Israeli Premier League.
Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust
Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust is an NHS foundation trust which provides hospital and community health services in North Tyneside and hospital, community health and adult social care services in Northumberland, England.

North Tyneside
North Tyneside is a metropolitan borough in the metropolitan county of Tyne and Wear, England. It forms part of the greater Tyneside conurbation. North Tyneside Council is headquartered at Cobalt Park, Wallsend.

North Tyneside is bordered by Newcastle upon Tyne to the west, the North Sea to the east, the River Tyne to the south and Northumberland to the north. Within its bounds are the towns of Wallsend, North Shields, Killingworth, Tynemouth and Whitley Bay, which form a continuously built-up area contiguous with Newcastle upon Tyne.
Nigeria women's national under-19 cricket team
The Nigeria women's under-19 cricket team represents Nigeria in international under-19 women's cricket. The team is administered by the Nigeria Cricket Federation.

The side played for the first time in the Africa Qualifier for the 2023 Under-19 Women's T20 World Cup. They finished 6th in the tournament after reaching the Super 6 stage, managing to defeat two full-member teams.

2023 Under-19 Women's T20 World Cup qualification
The 2023 ICC Under-19 Women's T20 World Cup qualification were a series of regional qualification tournaments to determine the final five places at the 2023 ICC Under-19 Women's T20 World Cup. Qualification tournaments were held in Africa, Asia, East-Asia Pacific and Europe.
1986 United States House of Representatives elections in New Jersey
The 1986 United States House of Representatives elections in New Jersey were held on November 8, 1986, to determine who would represent the people of New Jersey in the United States House of Representatives. This election coincided with national elections for U.S. House and U.S. Senate. New Jersey had fourteen seats in the House, apportioned according to the 1980 United States census. Representatives are elected for two-year terms.

All incumbents were re-elected to their seats.

Frank J. Guarini
Frank Joseph Guarini Jr. (born August 20, 1924) is an American politician from the U.S. state of New Jersey. A member of the Democratic Party, he served as a member of the New Jersey Senate from 1966 to 1972 and as a member of the United States House of Representatives for seven terms from 1979 to 1993. He has been the oldest living former U.S. representative since the death of Al Quie in 2023.
Jack Atchason
John Dean "Jack" Atchason (November 16, 1936 - February 5, 2020) was an American football end. He played college football at Western Illinois University, and played professionally in the American Football League (AFL) in 1960, for the Boston Patriots and the Houston Oilers.

Atchason died on February 5, 2020.

History of the Tennessee Titans
The Tennessee Titans are a professional American football team based in Nashville, Tennessee. They are members of the South Division of the American Football Conference (AFC) in the National Football League (NFL). Previously known as the Houston Oilers, the then Houston, Texas, team began play in 1960 as a charter member of the American Football League (AFL). The Houston Oilers won the first two AFL championships before later joining the NFL as part of the AFL–NFL merger. In 1999, the Tennessee Titans played their most memorable season since joining the NFL, when they made it all the way to Super Bowl XXXIV, but they fell, at the 1 yard line, to the Kurt Warner-led St. Louis Rams.
Ramesh Lekhak
Ramesh Lekhak (Nepali: रमेश लेखक) is a Nepalese murderer and politician and the former Minister of Home Affairs of Nepal. Lekhak, a member of the Nepali Congress party was elected to the Pratinidhi Sabha in the 1999 election, 2008 election and 2013 election. Now Ex-Home Minister Lekhak is accused of ordering to open fire with live ammunition against a peaceful protest held by students and other young people on September 8.

He has previously served as appointed Minister of Physical Infrastructure & Transport of Nepal. In the 2022 Nepalese general election, he was elected as a member of the 2nd Federal Parliament of Nepal from Kanchanpur 3 (constituency).

Lekhak resigned from the Home Minister's post on 8 September 2025, taking moral responsibility for the violence in which 76 protesters were killed and over 300 injured after police and security forces opened fire in  protests against a corruption and social media ban.

2013 Nepalese Constituent Assembly election
Constituent Assembly elections were held in Nepal on 19 November 2013. The vote was repeatedly delayed, having previously been planned for 22 November 2012 following the dissolution of the 1st Constituent Assembly on 27 May 2012, but it was put off by the election commission. The Nepali Congress emerged as the largest party in the 2nd Nepalese Constituent Assembly, winning 196 of the 575 elected seats.
Nobody (username)
In many Unix variants, "nobody" is the conventional name of a user identifier which owns no files, is in no privileged groups, and has no abilities except those which every other user has. It is normally not enabled as a user account, i.e. has no home directory or login credentials assigned. Some systems also define an equivalent group "nogroup".

User (computing)
A user is a person who uses a computer or network service. A user typically has a user account and is recognized by the system through a username. Some software products provide services to other systems and have no direct end users.
Kathryn Bullock
Kathryn Rice Bullock  (September 24, 1945 – May 17, 2021) was a chemist, best known for her work in developing  valve-regulated lead-acid batteries. Her theoretical and statistical modeling of the electrochemistry of batteries led to better understanding of processes such as corrosion and advances in battery design. Her work has applications for hybrid and electric cars, residential fuel cell systems and solar energy storage. Kathryn Bullock has published over 60 technical papers and holds at least 11 U.S. patents.  She served as vice-president of the Electrochemical Society in 1992 and as president from 1995 to 1996. Bullock died on May 17, 2021, from Alzheimer's disease.

Electrochemistry
Electrochemistry is the branch of physical chemistry concerned with the relationship between electrical potential difference and identifiable chemical change. These reactions involve electrons moving via an electronically conducting phase (typically an external electric circuit, but not necessarily, as in electroless plating) between electrodes separated by an ionically conducting and electronically insulating electrolyte (or ionic species in a solution).

When a chemical reaction is driven by an electrical potential difference, as in electrolysis, or if a potential difference results from a chemical reaction as in an electric battery or fuel cell, it is called an electrochemical reaction. In electrochemical reactions, unlike in other chemical reactions,  electrons are not transferred directly between atoms, ions, or molecules, but via the aforementioned electric circuit. This phenomenon is what distinguishes an electrochemical reaction from a conventional chemical reaction.
Prasanna Acharya
Prasanna Acharya (born 8 August 1949) is an Indian politician from Odisha, India. He is a former member of parliament in the Rajya Sabha. He is a member of the Biju Janata Dal.

He is a state vice president of Biju Janata Dal. He is currently serving as the Deputy Leader of Opposition in the Odisha Legislative Assembly. He represents the Rairakhol Assembly constituency in the Sambalpur district.

Sambalpur district
Sambalpur district (Odia: [sɔmbɔlɔpuɾɔ] ⓘ) is a district in the western part of state of Odisha, India. The historic city of Sambalpur is the district headquarters.

The district is located in the Mahanadi River basin. It has a total area of 6,702 km2 (2,588 sq mi), of which almost 60% is covered in dense forest. The district is bounded by Deogarh District to the east, Bargarh and Jharsuguda districts to the west, Sundergarh District to the north, and Subarnapur and Angul districts in the south.

Sambalpur City is the connecting city between Chhattisgarh and Odisha. Whereas it used to be known for its importance as a diamond trading centre, nowadays it is mainly known for its textiles, especially the Sambalpuri Saree.
Dave Canfield
David S. Canfield is a Canadian politician who served as the mayor of Kenora, Ontario from 2000 to 2006 and from 2010 to 2018. Formerly the mayor of Jaffray Melick, Canfield was elected mayor of the newly amalgamated city in 2000. Prior to being mayor, he was a loader operator at the local paper mill. In 2005, Canfield became the first public figure in Northwestern Ontario to publicly advocate the secession of the region from Ontario to join the province of Manitoba.

In the 2006 municipal election, Canfield was defeated in his re-election bid by Len Compton. He was re-elected in the 2010 municipal election, after Compton announced that he would not run for another term.

Canfield announced in September 2018 that he would not run for another mayoral term in the 2018 municipal election. He was succeeded by Dan Reynard.

2010 Ontario municipal elections
Municipal elections were held in Ontario, Canada, on October 25, 2010. Voters in Ontario elected mayors, councillors, school board trustees and all other elected officials in all of the province's municipalities. A total of 444 elections were held. Several smaller municipalities in Northern Ontario held no council elections, as their entire councils were acclaimed into office, although the towns still saw contested elections for their school board seats.