hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ringer Edwards
Herbert James "Ringer" Edwards (26 July 1913 – June 2000) was an Australian soldier during World War II. As a prisoner of war (POW), he survived being crucified for 63 hours by Japanese soldiers on the Burma Railway. Edwards was the basis for the character Joe Harman in Nevil Shute's novel A Town Like Alice (1950; also known as The Legacy). The book was the basis for a 1956 film (also known as The Rape of Malaya) and a 1981 Australian television miniseries of the same name.

A Town Like Alice (film)
A Town Like Alice is a 1956 British drama film produced by Joseph Janni and starring Virginia McKenna and Peter Finch that is based on the 1950 novel of the same name by Nevil Shute. The film does not follow the whole novel, concluding at the end of part two and truncating or omitting much detail. It was partially filmed in Malaya and Australia.
Sri Lanka Air Force Regiment
The Sri Lanka Air Force Regiment is a specialized ground combat branch within the Sri Lanka Air Force, responsible for capturing and defending airfields and associated installations. Its members are the SLAF Regiment Officers and the airmen of operations ground specialization. The SLAF Regiment is fully capable of protecting all its air bases, installations by itself using infantry and light armored units as well as launch air assaults with Airborne Infantry elements (paratroopers). Ground-based air defence of vital military and civil installations around the country is carried out by the SLAF Regiment along with combat search and rescue missions (CSAR). The corps itself is simply known as the 'regiment'.

Military base
A military base is a facility directly owned and operated by or for the military or one of its branches that shelters military equipment and personnel, and facilitates training and operations. A military base always provides accommodations for one or more units, but it may also be used as a command center, training ground or proving ground. In most cases, military bases rely on outside help to operate. However, certain complex bases are able to endure on their own for long periods because they are able to provide food, drinking water, and other necessities for their inhabitants while under siege. Bases for military aviation are called air bases. Bases for military ships are called naval bases.
Navy Expeditionary Combat Command
The Navy Expeditionary Combat Command (NECC) is an echelon III command of the United States Navy, which serves as the single functional command to centrally manage current and future readiness, resources, manning, training and equipping of the United States Navy's 21,000 expeditionary forces who are currently serving in every theater of operation. The NECC was established in January 2006. NECC is a subordinate command of the Navy's Fleet Forces Command.

NECC components offer functions such as command and control of expeditionary warfare operations, training, maritime and port security, logistics support, construction, littoral and coastal warfare and patrol, coastal riverine warfare, explosive ordnance disposal (EOD), expeditionary diving and combat salvage, and combat photography.

Bomb disposal
Bomb disposal is an explosives engineering profession using the process by which hazardous explosive devices are disabled or otherwise rendered safe. Bomb disposal is an all-encompassing term to describe the separate, but interrelated functions in the military fields of explosive ordnance disposal (EOD) and improvised explosive device disposal (IEDD), and the public safety roles of public safety bomb disposal (PSBD) and the bomb squad.
The Billboard Guide to Tejano and Regional Mexican Music
The Billboard Guide To Tejano and Regional Mexican Music is a music reference and encyclopedia on Tejano and Regional Mexican music. Written by San Antonio Express-News music editor Ramiro Burr, the music guide was published in 1999 by Billboard Books. It was published during the 1990s "Latin music explosion", a period when Latin music entered the popular market and during the end of the golden age of Tejano music.

San Antonio Express-News
The San Antonio Express-News is a daily newspaper in San Antonio, Texas, founded in 1865. It is owned by the Hearst Corporation and has offices in San Antonio and Austin, Texas. The Express-News is the third largest newspaper in the state of Texas, with a daily circulation of nearly 100,000 copies in 2016. The newspaper's online presence can be found at Expressnews.com. Hearst also owns MYSanAntonio.com, which shares office space with the Express-News but maintains a separate newsroom and website. MYSanAntonio.com, or MySA, is editorially independent of ExpressNews.com.

From 1881, the San Antonio Express-News' main competitor was the San Antonio Evening Light, which became a Hearst publication in 1924 and was shut down, in 1993, when Hearst bought the Express-News.
Quantum-cascade laser
Quantum-cascade lasers (QCLs) are semiconductor lasers that emit in the mid- to far-infrared portion of the electromagnetic spectrum and were first demonstrated by Jérôme Faist, Federico Capasso, Deborah Sivco, Carlo Sirtori, Albert Hutchinson, and Alfred Cho at Bell Laboratories in 1994.

Unlike typical interband semiconductor lasers that emit electromagnetic radiation through the recombination of electron–hole pairs across the material band gap, QCLs are unipolar, and laser emission is achieved through the use of intersubband transitions in a repeated stack of semiconductor multiple quantum well heterostructures, an idea first proposed in the article "Possibility of amplification of electromagnetic waves in a semiconductor with a superlattice" by R. F. Kazarinov and R. A. Suris in 1971.

Intersubband polariton
Intersubband transitions (also known as intraband transitions) are dipolar allowed optical excitations between the quantized electronic energy levels within the conduction band of semiconductor heterostructures. Intersubband transitions when coupled with an optical resonator form new, mixed-state photons. This mixing is referred to as an intersubband cavity-polariton. These transitions exhibit an anticrossing in energy with a separation known as vacuum-Rabi splitting, similar to level repulsion in atomic physics.
Gobiodon quinquestrigatus
Gobiodon quinquestrigatus, commonly known as the five-lined coral goby, is a species of goby. It occurs in the western Pacific from the Philippines to the Society Islands, north to Japan and south to Australia. It is normally found in monogamous pairs associating with corals of the genus Acropora. Its diet consists of small invertebrates and zooplankton. The female deposits the eggs on a coral branch which the male tends. They are able to change sex in whichever direction favours reproductive success. This species has a dark brown body colour with a lighter brown to reddish head which has five vertical blue lines, subadults have additional vertical lines on body.

Acropora
Acropora is a genus of small polyp stony coral in the phylum Cnidaria. Some of its species are known as table coral, elkhorn coral, and staghorn coral. Over 149 species are described. Acropora species are some of the major reef corals responsible for building the immense calcium carbonate substructure that supports the thin living skin of a reef.
Lenkau language
Lenkau is an Oceanic language spoken in a single village on Rambutyo Island in Manus Province, Papua New Guinea. It is spoken in Lenkau village (2°20′28″S 147°42′58″E﻿ / ﻿2.341166°S 147.716064°E﻿ / -2.341166; 147.716064﻿ (Lenkau)), Rapatona Rural LLG.

Manus Province
Manus Province is the smallest province in Papua New Guinea in terms of both land area and population, with a land area of 2,000 square kilometres (770 sq mi), but with more than 220,000 square kilometres (85,000 sq mi) of water, and the total population is 60,485 (2011 census). The provincial town of Manus is Lorengau.

The province consists of only one district (Manus District; with identical boundaries to those of the province), 12 Local Level Governments (LLGs) and 127 Wards.

The province is made up of the Admiralty Islands (a group of 18 islands in the Bismarck Archipelago), as well as Wuvulu Island and nearby atolls in the west, which collectively are referred to as the Western Islands. The largest island in the group is Manus Island, where Lorengau and a former Australian immigration detention centre are located.
The Secret of the Chinese Carnation
The Secret of the Chinese Carnation (German: Das Geheimnis der chinesischen Nelke, Italian: Il segreto del garofano cinese) is a 1964 German-Italian krimi eurospy film directed by Rudolf Zehetgruber and starring Paul Dahlke, Olga Schoberová, Klaus Kinski and Dietmar Schönherr. It is based on a novel by Louis Weinert-Wilton, one of four film adaptations of his work released in the wake of the commercial success of Rialto Film's Edgar Wallace series.

It was shot at the Barrandov Studios in Prague and on location in the city. The film's sets were designed by the art director Otto Renelt.

Barrandov Studios
Barrandov Studios is a set of film studios in Prague, Czech Republic. It is the largest film studio in the country and one of the largest in Europe. Barrandov has made several major Hollywood productions, including Mission Impossible, The Bourne Identity, Casino Royale, G.I. Joe: The Rise of Cobra, The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe, The Zookeeper's Wife, Nosferatu, among others.
Robert Lewis (director)
Robert Lewis (March 16, 1909 – November 23, 1997) was an American actor, director, teacher, author and founder of the influential Actors Studio in New York in 1947.

In addition to his accomplishments on Broadway and in Hollywood, Lewis' greatest and longest lasting contribution to American theater may be the role he played as one of the foremost acting and directing teachers of his day. He was an early proponent of the Stanislavski System of acting technique and a founding member of New York's revolutionary Group Theatre in the 1930s. In the 1970s, he was the Head of the Yale School of Drama Acting and Directing Departments.

David Geffen School of Drama at Yale University
The David Geffen School of Drama at Yale University is a graduate professional school of Yale University, located in New Haven, Connecticut. Founded in 1924 as the Department of Drama in the School of Fine Arts, the school provides training in every discipline of the theatre – acting, design (set design, costume design, lighting design, projection design, and sound design), directing, dramaturgy and dramatic criticism, playwriting, stage management, technical design and production, and theatre management. It was known as the Yale School of Drama until a $150 million gift by David Geffen in 2021.

The school operates in partnership with the Yale Repertory Theatre, also located in New Haven.
1900 in the Irish Republican Army
The following notable events occurred during the year 1900 in the Irish Republican Army:

Due in large part to efforts by the United Irish League, the Nationalist Parties come under the leadership of John Redmond although he would remain in disagreement with William O'Brien over the league's relationship with the party.

Laurence Ginnell campaigns as a parliamentary candidate for the United Irish League for North Westmeath, however he fails to win.

The Daughters of Ireland, an early cultural organization promoting the Irish language and culture, is established by Maud Gonne.

Maud Gonne
Maud Gonne MacBride (Irish: Maud Nic Ghoinn Bean Mhic Giolla Bhríghde; born Edith Maud Gonne; 21 December 1866 – 27 April 1953) was an Irish republican revolutionary, suffragette and actress. She was, contrary to her own claims of Anglo-Irish descent, English on the sides of both parents, and was won over to Irish nationalism by the plight of people evicted in the Land Wars. MacBride actively agitated for Home Rule and then for the republic declared in 1916. During the 1930s, as a founding member of the Social Credit Party, she promoted the distributive programme of C. H. Douglas. Gonne was well known for being the muse and long-time love interest of Irish poet W. B. Yeats.
Commonwealth Railways D class
The Commonwealth Railways D class were a class of 4-4-0 construction and shunting locomotives built in 1880 by Beyer, Peacock and Company originally for the New South Wales Government Railways as their Q.158 class, and later the Commonwealth Railways.

Commonwealth Railways
Commonwealth Railways was a railway operator established in 1917 by the Australian Government to administer the Trans-Australia and Port Augusta-to-Darwin railways. It was effectively a statutory corporation, having been formed under, and governed by, the Commonwealth Railways Act. In 1975, all assets were acquired by the Australian National Railways Commission, branded as 'Australian National Railways' and subsequently 'Australian National', and trademarked as 'AN'.
Mei-chan no Shitsuji
Mei-chan no Shitsuji (メイちゃんの執事; "Mei-chan's Butler") is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Riko Miyagi. The manga was serialized in Shueisha's Margaret magazine. The manga is licensed and published in Chinese in Taiwan by Tong Li Publishing. The manga has been adapted into a live-action Japanese television drama, which was broadcast on Fuji TV between January 13 and March 17, 2009.

Japanese honorifics
The Japanese language makes use of a system of honorific speech, called keishō (敬称), which includes honorific suffixes and prefixes when talking to, or referring to others in a conversation. Suffixes are often gender-specific at the end of names, while prefixes are attached to the beginning of many nouns. Honorific suffixes also indicate the speaker's level, their relationship, and are often used alongside other components of Japanese honorific speech.

Honorific suffixes are generally used when referring  to the person someone is talking to or third persons, and are not used when referring to oneself. The omission of suffixes indicates that the speaker has known the addressee for a while, or that the listener joined the company or school at the same time or later.
MÜYORBİR
MÜYORBİR (full name in Turkish: Müzik Yorumcuları Meslek Birliği, "Professional Union of Music Interpreters") is a copyright collective for musicians in Turkey. The organization was founded in 2000 by 51 musicians under Section 42 of Turkey's Intellectual and Artistic Works Law 5846 as a Neighboring Rights Collecting Society. MÜYORBİR became a legal entity on 19 April 2000 following approval by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism.

MÜYORBİR represents 95% of the Turkish music industry's recorded works. It is the only collective society in Turkey authorized to license its members music content under Section 80 of Turkey's Intellectual and Artistic Works Law.

Ministry of Culture and Tourism (Turkey)
The Ministry of Culture and Tourism (Turkish: Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı) is a government ministry of the Republic of Turkey, responsible for culture and tourism affairs in Turkey. Revolving fund management of the ministry is carried by DÖSİMM. On July 9, 2018, the newly elected President of Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdoğan announced his cabinet of the new Turkish political system. Mehmet Nuri Ersoy was appointed Minister of Culture and Tourism.
Tridrepana argentistriga
Tridrepana argentistriga is a moth in the family Drepanidae. It was described by Warren in 1896. It is found in Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia (Borneo, Sulawesi), Myanmar and Hainan, China.

The wingspan is about 32 mm. The forewings are yellow, the outer half with pale red-brown suffusion. There is a dark red-brown line from before the apex to the middle of the inner margin, meeting a vertical line which becomes obsolete at the median. There is also an irregularly wavy red-brown submarginal line, its upper half edged externally with silvery white. The hindwings are yellow, with an oblique antemedial line and a fine postmedial line. There is an oval silvery spot at the lower end of the discocellular, and a fine linear spot at the upper end.

Drepanidae
The Drepanidae are a family of moths with about 660 species described worldwide. They are generally divided in three subfamilies, which share the same type of hearing organ. Thyatirinae, previously often placed in their own family, bear a superficial resemblance to Noctuidae. Many species in the drepanid family have a distinctively hook-shaped apex to the fore wing, leading to their common name of hook-tips.

The larvae of many species are very distinctive, tapering to a point at the tail and usually resting with both head and tail raised. They usually feed on the leaves of trees and shrubs, pupating between leaves spun together with silk.
Aqçişmä, Arsky District
Aqçişmä (Tatar: Акчишмә, romanized: Aqçişmä) is a rural locality (a derevnya) in Arça District, Tatarstan. The population was 234 as of 2010.
Aqçişmä, Arsky District is located 27 km from Arça, district's administrative centre, and 102 km from Ԛazan, republic's capital, by road.
The village was established in 17th century.
There are 1 streets in the village.

Arsk
Arsk (Russian: Арск, IPA: [ˈarsk]; Tatar: Арча) is a town and the administrative center of Arsky District in Tatarstan, Russia, located on the Kazanka River, 65 kilometers (40 mi) from the republic's capital of Kazan. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 18,114.
Acanthuroidei
Acanthuroidei /əˌkænθəˈrɔɪdiːaɪ/, is a group of ray finned fishes which is a suborder of the Acanthuriformes, although older classifications regarded it as a suborder of the Perciformes, the largest order of fish, The suborder includes the surgeonfish and Moorish idol. Members of this suborder have a compressed body covered with small ctenoid scales. The name for the suborder comes from that of the surgeonfish (Acanthuridae) family within it, and is derived from the Greek words akantha and oura, which loosely translate to "thorn" and "tail", respectively, referring to the "scalpels" found on surgeonfishes' caudal peduncle.

Moorish idol
The Moorish idol (Zanclus cornutus) is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Zanclidae. It is the only member of the monospecific genus Zanclus and the only extant species within the Zanclidae. This species is found on reefs in the Indo-Pacific region.
2006 Pilot Pen Tennis – Women's doubles
Lisa Raymond and Samantha Stosur were the defending champions, but were eliminated in the final.

Yan Zi and Zheng Jie won the title, defeating Lisa Raymond and Samantha Stosur 6–4, 6–2 in the final. It was the 6th doubles title of the year and the 8th doubles title in their careers for both players.

Zheng Jie
Zheng Jie (born 5 July 1983) is a Chinese former professional tennis player. In May 2009, she achieved a career-high singles ranking of world No. 15.

Zheng is one of China's most successful tennis players. She won four singles titles on the WTA Tour – Hobart in 2005, Estoril, Stockholm in 2006, and Auckland in 2012. She also won 15 career doubles titles, eleven of them with Yan Zi, including Wimbledon and the Australian Open in 2006. She won the bronze medal in doubles with Yan Zi at the 2008 Beijing Olympics. Her career-high doubles ranking is world No. 3. Zheng reached the singles semifinals at the 2008 Wimbledon Championships, where she defeated world No. 1, Ana Ivanovic, in the third round, and later went on to become the first Chinese player to advance to the semifinals at a major tournament. She also reached the semifinals of the 2010 Australian Open.
Ren Yufei
Ren Yufei (Chinese: 任钰菲; born 11 April 2006) is a Chinese professional tennis player.

She has career-high rankings of 430 in singles, achieved on 24 June 2024, and 617 in doubles, achieved on 11 August 2025.

She made her WTA debut as a wildcard at the 2024 China Open, losing to Nadia Podoroska in the first round.

WTA rankings
The WTA rankings are the ratings defined by the Women's Tennis Association, introduced in November 1975. The computer that calculates the ranking is nicknamed "Medusa".

Aryna Sabalenka is the current world No. 1 in women's singles.
Limberg Castle
Limberg Castle (German: Burg Limberg) is a ruined hill castle on the 190-metre-high Limberg in the Wiehen Hills. It is located near the village of Börninghausen in the borough of Preußisch Oldendorf in the East Westphalian county of Minden-Lübbecke in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia.

Landgericht (medieval)
The Landgericht (German: [ˈlantɡəˌʁɪçt] ⓘ, plural: Landgerichte, pronounced [ˈlantɡəˌʁɪçtə] ⓘ), also called the Landtag in Switzerland, was a regional magistracy or court in the Holy Roman Empire that was responsible for high justice within a territory, such as a county (Grafschaft), on behalf of the territorial lord (e.g. the count).
Early life of William Wordsworth
William Wordsworth (7 April 1770 – 23 April 1850) was an English Romantic poet who, with Samuel Taylor Coleridge, helped launch the Romantic Age in English literature with their 1798 joint publication, Lyrical Ballads. His early years were dominated by his experience of old Trafford around the Lake District and the English moors. Dorothy Wordsworth, his sister, served as his early companion until their mother's death and their separation when he was sent to school.

Romantic poetry
Romantic poetry is the poetry of the Romantic era, an artistic, literary, musical and intellectual movement that originated in Europe towards the end of the 18th century. It involved a reaction against prevailing Neoclassical ideas of the 18th century, and lasted approximately from 1800 to 1850. Romantic poets rebelled against the style of poetry from the eighteenth century which was based around epics, odes, satires, elegies, epistles and songs.
Salata Salad Kitchen
Salata is an American fast casual chain of restaurants that specializes in salad and wraps. They were founded in 2005 and have since experienced rapid growth. The average dinner check is $14, which includes a protein, and a beverage such as lemonade or organic tea. But a basic salad costs $8 and wraps start at $7.

Fast casual restaurant
A fast casual restaurant, found primarily in the United States, is a restaurant that does not offer full table service, but advertises higher quality food than fast-food restaurants. It is an intermediate concept between fast food and casual dining.
Pricing science
Pricing science is the application of social and business science methods to the problem of setting prices. Methods include economic modeling, statistics, econometrics, and mathematical programming. This discipline had its origins in the development of yield management in the airline industry in the 1980s, and has since spread to many other sectors and pricing contexts, including yield management in other travel industry sectors, media, retail, manufacturing and distribution.

Pricing science work is effectuated in a variety of ways, from strategic advice on pricing on defining segments for which pricing strategies may vary, to enterprise-class software applications, integrated into price quoting and selling processes.

Economic model
An economic model is a theoretical construct representing economic processes by a set of variables and a set of logical and/or quantitative relationships between them. The economic model is a simplified, often mathematical, framework designed to illustrate complex processes. Frequently, economic models posit structural parameters. A model may have various exogenous variables, and those variables may change to create various responses by economic variables. Methodological uses of models include investigation, theorizing, and fitting theories to the world.
Messe des pêcheurs de Villerville
The Messe des pêcheurs de Villerville (Mass of the fishermen of Villerville) is a missa brevis written by Gabriel Fauré in collaboration with his former pupil André Messager. A later version, published as Messe basse contained only movements composed by Fauré.

Villerville
Villerville (French pronunciation: [vilɛʁvil] ⓘ) is a commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region in northwestern France. The commune is located towards the eastern end of the 40 km (25 mi) coastline called the Côte Fleurie (Flowery Coast).