hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Longwood Swallet
The Longwood Swallet is a cave near Charterhouse, in the Carboniferous Limestone of the Mendip Hills, in Somerset, England. The cave is part of the Cheddar Complex SSSI and is connected to August Hole.

It is 1.65 km in length and reaches a depth of 175m.

The cave was discovered in September 1944 by boys from Sidcot School.

The picture shown is not the Longwood Swallet, it is Longwood Valley Sink. Longwood Swallet's entrance is lidded concrete block construction. A (non-free) picture of Longwood Swallet entrance is available here

The cave is locked and access is controlled by the Charterhouse Caving Company. There is a warning sign posted at the entrance to the cave about flooding. This has always been a problem, but is more pronounced due to the extraction of water from the spring at Charterhouse. When the pumps owned by Bristol Water stop this can cause a flood wave to travel down the stream and into the cave.

Charterhouse, Somerset
Charterhouse, also known as Charterhouse-on-Mendip, is a hamlet and former civil parish, now in the parish of Priddy, in the Mendip Hills Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) in the Somerset district, in the ceremonial county of Somerset, England. The area between Charterhouse and Cheddar Gorge including Velvet Bottom and Ubley Warren is covered by the Cheddar Complex Site of Special Scientific Interest. In 1931 the parish had a population of 68.
Spalacotherium
Spalacotherium is a genus of extinct mammal from the Early Cretaceous of Europe. The type species Spalacotherium tricuspidens was originally named by Richard Owen in 1854, and its material includes maxillary and dentary fragments and many teeth from the Berriasian Lulworth Formation of southern England. Referred species include S. taylori, S. evansae and S. hookeri also from the Lulworth deposits, and S. henkeli from Barremian deposits of Galve, Spain. The Lulworth taxon Peralestes longirostris, named by Owen in 1871, is a junior synonym of the type species S. tricuspidens. Spalacotherium is the namesake taxon of the family Spalacotheriidae, which is an extinct clade within Trechnotheria that may be closely related to the Gondwanan clade Meridiolestida, or united with the family Zhangheotheriidae to form Symmetrodonta.S. evansae is also from the Berriasian aged Angeac-Charente bonebed in western France.

Angeac-Charente bonebed
The Angeac-Charente bonebed is a fossil deposit located near Angeac-Charente in western France. It dates to the Berriasian stage of the Early Cretaceous, and is coeval with the Purbeck Group of Southern England. It has amongst the most diverse assemblages of earliest Cretaceous vertebrates known from Europe.
Senra
Senra is a genus of flowering plants in tribe Hibisceae of the family Malvaceae. It includes single species, Senra incana, an annual or perennial native to northeastern tropical Africa (Kenya to Sudan), the Arabian Peninsula, and India and Pakistan, where it grows in deserts and dry shrublands.

The plant produces the phenolic compounds coniferaldehyde, scopoletin, sinapaldehyde and syringaldehyde

Syringaldehyde
Syringaldehyde is an organic compound that occurs in trace amounts widely in nature. Some species of insects use syringaldehyde in their chemical communication systems. Scolytus multistriatus uses it as a signal to find a host tree during oviposition.

Because it contains many functional groups, it can be classified in many ways -  aromatic, aldehyde, phenol. It is a colorless solid (impure samples appear yellowish) that is soluble in alcohol and polar organic solvents.
Nina Doroh
Nina Doroh (born 25 July 1956) is a Soviet sprint canoer who competed in the late 1970s, born in Gomel Region. She won a complete set of medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with a gold (K-2 500 m: 1979), a silver K-2 500 m: 1978), and a bronze (K-4 500 m: 1977).

Gomel region
Gomel region, also known as Gomel oblast or Homyel voblasts, is one of the regions of Belarus. Its administrative center is Gomel. The total area of the region is 40,400 square kilometres (15,600 sq mi). As of 2024, it had a population of 1,338,617.

Its largest settlements include Gomel, Mazyr, Zhlobin, Svyetlahorsk, Rechytsa, Kalinkavichy, Rahachow and Dobrush.

Both Gomel region and Mogilev region suffered severely from the Chernobyl disaster. Gomel Province borders the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone in places, and parts of it have been designated as mandatory or voluntary resettlement areas as a result of the radioactive contamination.
Benjamin Yost
Benjamin Yost is an American philosopher and adjunct professor of philosophy at Cornell University. Previously he was Professor of Philosophy at Providence College.
He is known for his works on philosophy of punishment.

Providence College
Providence College is a private Catholic university in Providence, Rhode Island. Founded in 1917 by the Dominican Order and the Diocese of Providence, it offers 47 undergraduate majors and 17 graduate programs.

The college requires all of its undergraduate students to complete 16 credits in the Development of Western Civilization, a major part of the college's core curriculum. In the spring of 2021, it enrolled 4,128 undergraduate students and 688 graduate students for a total enrollment of 4,816 students. In athletics, Providence College competes in NCAA Division I, and is a founding member of the original Big East Conference and Hockey East. It was part of the original six other basketball-centric Catholic colleges which broke off from the original Big East (today's American Athletic Conference) to form the current Big East at the start of the 2013–14 academic year.
Broka
Broka (masculine: Broks) is a Latvian surname. Individuals with the surname include:

Baiba Broka (born 1973), Latvian actress

Baiba Broka (born 1975), Latvian politician

Terēze Broka (1925–2018), Latvian conductor and educator

Latvians
Latvians (Latvian: latvieši) are a Baltic ethnic group and nation native to Latvia and the immediate geographical region, the Baltics. They are occasionally also referred to as Letts, especially in older bibliography. Latvians share a common Latvian language, culture, history and ancestry.
2015 Bayamon Cup
The 2015 Bayamon Cup was the first edition of the Bayamon Cup tournament for the football clubs in Puerto Rico organized by the Puerto Rican Football Federation.

The competition was won by Criollos de Caguas FC.

Puerto Rican Football Federation
The Puerto Rican Football Federation (Spanish: Federación Puertorriqueña de Fútbol) is the governing body of association football in Puerto Rico. It was founded in 1940 and became affiliated to FIFA in 1960, one of the last to do so in the Western Hemisphere. It governs over all football on the island, including the Puerto Rico national football team, the amateur Liga Nacional de Fútbol de Puerto Rico, and the Liga Puerto Rico Pro.
Aylestone
Aylestone is a suburb of Leicester in Leicestershire, England, southwest of the city centre and east of the River Soar.

St Andrew's Church, Aylestone dates from the 13th century. The area around the church retains much of the former village character. It is largely surrounded by Victorian housing close to the city centre (Aylestone Park) and by 20th-century housing in other directions.

The electoral ward of Aylestone covers Old Aylestone village (including the conservation area), the Gilmorton estate, the south and west of Aylestone Park (the remainder is in Saffron ward) and the southwest side of Saffron Lane (to Grace Road). The ward borders Saffron and Eyres Monsell wards and the county parish of Glen Parva and is in the parliamentary constituency of Leicester West. The ward has two elected councillors: currently these are Councillor Scott Kennedy-Lount (Liberal Democrat, first elected 2023) and Councillor Nigel Porter (formerly Conservative, from 2011 a Liberal Democrat).

Packhorse bridge
A packhorse bridge is a bridge intended to carry packhorses (horses loaded with sidebags or panniers) across a river or stream. Typically a packhorse bridge consists of one or more narrow (one horse wide) masonry arches, and has low parapets so as not to interfere with the panniers borne by the horses. Multi-arched examples sometimes have triangular cutwaters that are extended upward to form pedestrian refuges.: 24–25

Packhorse bridges were often built on the trade routes (often called packhorse routes) that formed major transport arteries across Europe and Great Britain until the coming of the turnpike roads and canals in the 18th century. Before the road-building efforts of Napoleon, all crossings of the Alps were on packhorse trails. Travellers' carriages were dismantled and transported over the mountain passes by ponies and mule trains.
Sewa-II
Sewa-II is a hydroelectric power station located in the Himalayan region in Kathua District Jammu and Kashmir state. It is constructed by NHPC Limited on the Sewa River, a tributary of the Ravi River. Commissioned in 2010, it has a surface power house with the capacity of 120 MW, comprising three Pelton wheel units of 40 MW each, which are fed through a 10 km headrace tunnel from the Sewa II Reservoir, giving a maximum water head of 599m. The Sewa II Dam has a height of 53m. The power station generates 534 GW⋅h annually in a 90% dependable year. The beneficiary states of the project include Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Delhi, Rajasthan and Union Territory of Chandigarh.

NHPC
NHPC Limited  is an Indian public sector hydropower company that was incorporated in 1975 to plan, promote and organise an integrated and efficient development of hydroelectric power. Recently it has expanded to include other sources of energy like solar, geothermal, tidal, and wind.

At present, NHPC is a Navaratna enterprise of the Government of India and among the top ten companies in the country in terms of investment base. Baira Suil Power station in Salooni tehsil of Chamba district was the first project undertaken by NHPC.
Japanese minesweeper W-7
Three Japanese minesweepers have been named No.7 minesweeper (第七号掃海艇, Dai Nana Gō Sōkaitei, or "W-7"):

Japanese minesweeper No. 7 (1928), ex-Japanese destroyer Isonami (1908), a Kamikaze-class destroyer (1905) of the Imperial Japanese Navy in World War I

Japanese minesweeper No. 7 (1930), ex-Japanese destroyer Umikaze (1910), a Umikaze-class destroyer of the Imperial Japanese Navy in World War I

Japanese minesweeper No. 7 (1938), lead ship of No.7-class minesweeper (1938) of the Imperial Japanese Navy in World War II

W-7-class minesweeper
The No.7-class minesweepers (第七号型掃海艇,, Dai Nana Gō-gata Sōkaitei) were a class of minesweepers of the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN), serving during the Second Sino-Japanese War and World War II. Six vessels were built in 1937–1939 under the Maru 3 Keikaku.
Paul Hardesty
Paul Hardesty (born February 4, 1963) is an American lobbyist and politician who served as a member of the West Virginia Senate from 2019 to 2020. A Democrat, he served the 7th district, which contains Boone, Lincoln, and Logan counties, as well as parts of Mingo and Wayne counties.

Hardesty previously served as president of the Logan County Board of Education from July 2016 to January 2019, and as a legislative aide to Gov. Bob Wise and Gov. Joe Manchin from 2001 to 2007. Hardesty was also a registered coal lobbyist, whose clients included several companies affiliated with current Gov. Jim Justice.

Wayne County, West Virginia
Wayne County is the westernmost county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 38,982. Its county seat is Wayne. The county was founded in 1842 and named for General "Mad" Anthony Wayne. Wayne County is part of the Huntington–Ashland, WV–KY–OH Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Judo at the 1996 Summer Olympics – Men's 60 kg
These are the results of the Men's 60 kg (also known as Extra-Lightweight) competition in judo at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia.  A total of 34 men competed in this event, limited to jūdōka whose body weight was less than, or equal to, 60 kilograms.  Competition took place in the Georgia World Congress Center.

Human body weight
Human body weight is a person's mass or weight.

Strictly speaking, body weight is the measurement of mass without items located on the person. Practically though, body weight may be measured with clothes on, but without shoes or heavy accessories such as mobile phones and wallets, and using manual or digital weighing scales. Excess or reduced body weight is regarded as an indicator of determining a person's health, with body volume measurement providing an extra dimension by calculating the distribution of body weight.
Ghazizadeh
Ghazizadeh (Persian: قاضی‌زاده) is an Iranian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Amir-Hossein Ghazizadeh Hashemi (born 1971), Iranian politician

Ehsan Ghazizadeh Hashemi (born c. 1976), Iranian politician

Farnaz Ghazizadeh (born 1974), Iranian journalist

Hassan Ghazizadeh Hashemi (born 1959), Iranian combat engineer

Ehsan Ghazizadeh Hashemi
Sayyid Ehsan Ghazizadeh Hashemi (Persian: سید احسان قاضی‌زاده هاشمی) is an Iranian right-wing politician who represents Fariman and Sarakhs in the Parliament of Iran since 2016.

He was a senior Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance official responsible for oversees domestic media under Mahmoud Ahmadinejad administration.
San Luigi dei Francesi
The Church of St. Louis of the French (Italian: San Luigi dei Francesi, French: Saint Louis des Français, Latin: S. Ludovici Francorum de Urbe) is a Catholic church near Piazza Navona in Rome. The church is dedicated to the patron saints of France:  Virgin Mary, Denis of Paris, and King Louis IX of France.

The church was designed by Giacomo della Porta and built by Domenico Fontana between 1518 and 1589, and completed through the personal intervention of Catherine de' Medici, who donated to it some property in the area. It is the national church in Rome of France. It is also a titular church.

Piazza Navona
Piazza Navona (pronounced [ˈpjattsa naˈvoːna]) is a public open space in Rome, Italy. It is built on the site of the 1st century AD Stadium of Domitian and follows the form of the open space of the stadium in an elongated oval. The ancient Romans went there to watch the agones ("games"), and hence it was known as "Circus Agonalis" ("competition arena").

In the 17th century it became a showcase for Baroque design, with work by Bernini and Borromini among others. The Fontana dei Quattro Fiumi stands in front of the Church of Sant'Agnese in Agone.
Hyper-IgM syndrome type 5
The fifth type of hyper-IgM syndrome has been characterized in three patients from France and Japan. The symptoms are similar to hyper IgM syndrome type 2, but the AICDA gene is intact.

These three patients instead had mutations in the catalytic domain of uracil-DNA glycosylase, an enzyme that removes uracil from DNA. In hyper-IgM syndromes, patients are deficient in the immunoglobulins, IgG, IgE and IgA types since the antibody producing B cells can not carry out the gene recombination steps necessary to class switch from immunoglobulin M (IgM) to the other three immunoglobulins types.

Immunoglobulin M
Immunoglobulin M (IgM) is the largest of several isotypes of antibodies (also known as immunoglobulin) that are produced by vertebrates. IgM is the first antibody to appear in the response to initial exposure to an antigen; causing it to also be called an acute phase antibody. In humans and other mammals that have been studied, plasmablasts in the spleen are the main source of specific IgM production.
Jeffrey Wooldridge
Jeffrey Marc Wooldridge (born 1960) is an American econometrician. He is a University Distinguished Professor in the Department of Economics at Michigan State University. Wooldridge is known for his theoretical contributions to the analysis of cross-sectional and panel data.

Panel data
In statistics and econometrics, panel data and longitudinal data are both multi-dimensional data involving measurements over time. Panel data is a subset of longitudinal data where observations are for the same subjects each time.

Time series and cross-sectional data can be thought of as special cases of panel data that are in one dimension only (one panel member or individual for the former, one time point for the latter). A literature search often involves time series, cross-sectional, or panel data.

A study that uses panel data is called a longitudinal study or panel study.
Bobby Anavilok
Bobby Nokolak Anavilok is a Canadian Inuk politician, who was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Nunavut in the 2021 Nunavut general election. He represented the electoral district of Kugluktuk until his defeat in 2025.

Prior to his election to the legislature, Anavilok worked in Kugluktuk as a hunter and stone carver.

Kugluktuk
Kugluktuk (Qurluqtuq, lit. 'the place of moving water'; Inuktitut syllabics: ᖁᕐᓗᖅᑐᖅ; Inuktitut pronunciation: [quʁluqtuq]), known as Coppermine until 1 January 1996, is a hamlet at the mouth of the Coppermine River in the Kitikmeot Region of Nunavut, Canada, on Coronation Gulf, southwest of Victoria Island. It is Nunavut's westernmost community, near the border with the Northwest Territories.

The area's traditional language is Inuinnaqtun, which is written in the Latin alphabet, rather than the syllabics of the Inuktitut writing system. Like Cambridge Bay, Bathurst Inlet, and Umingmaktok, syllabics are rarely seen and are used mainly by the Government of Nunavut.
Jan Kallenbach
Jan Kallenbach (c. 1943 – 14 April 2021) was a Dutch martial artist. He was a 7th Dan teacher of Taikiken, a Japanese off-shoot of Yiquan and had a significant history in Full contact Karate (Kyokushin-Kaikan). Veteran Kyokushin practitioners from Japan considered Kallenbach as one of the most dominant foreign fighters during the style's early stages in 1960s and 1970s.

Kyokushin
Kyokushin (極真) is a style of karate  in Japanese martial art and originating in Japan. It is a full-contact style of stand-up fighting and is rooted in a philosophy of self-improvement, discipline, and hard training.

Kyokushin Kaikan [Kaikan (会館) Assembly Hall or "Honbu" (本部) Headquarters] is the martial arts organization founded in 1964 by Korean-Japanese Masutatsu Oyama (大山倍達, Ōyama Masutatsu), officially the International Karate Organization. Previously, this institution was known as the Oyama Dojo. Since 1964, the style has continued to spread to more than 120 countries, becoming one of the largest martial arts organizations in the world, and in Japan itself.
Adam Bristow
Adam Bristow is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1990s and 2000s. He played for the Illawarra Steelers and the Western Suburbs Magpies in the Australian Rugby League and NRL competitions. He then played for the Leigh Centurions in England. Bristow played in both Illawarra and Western Suburbs final games in the NRL competition.

Western Suburbs Magpies
The Western Suburbs Magpies (legal name: Western Suburbs District Rugby League Football Club Ltd) is an Australian rugby league football club based in the western suburbs of Sydney, New South Wales. Formed in 1908, Wests, as the club is commonly referred to, was one of the nine foundation clubs of the first New South Wales Rugby League competition in Australia. The club, as a sole entity, departed the top-flight competition in 1999 after forming a 50–50 joint venture with Balmain Tigers to form the Wests Tigers. The club currently fields sides in the NSW State Cup (Canterbury Cup), Ron Massey Cup (Opens), S.G. Ball Cup (Under 19's) and Harold Matthews Cup (Under 17's) competitions.

Campbelltown Stadium, which has a capacity of 18,000, is the club's home stadium.
Sebastes rufinanus
Sebastes rufinanus, the dwarf-red rockfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the subfamily Sebastinae, the rockfishes, part of the family Scorpaenidae. It is found in the Eastern Pacific, in tock habitats off islands in southern California.

Scorpaenidae
The Scorpaenidae (also known as scorpionfish) are a family of mostly marine fish that includes many of the world's most venomous species. As their name suggests, scorpionfish have a type of "sting" in the form of sharp spines coated with venomous mucus. They are widespread in tropical and temperate seas, especially in the Indo-Pacific region. They should not be confused with the cabezones, of the genus Scorpaenichthys, which belong to a separate, though related, family, Cottidae.
Paul Barbara
Paul Frank Barbara (April 24, 1953 – October 31, 2010) was an American chemist. His research interests focused on the understanding of the molecular structure and dynamics of complex chemical systems, including organic semi-conductors for photovoltaic applications, proton and electron transfer reactions, the hydrated electron and intermediates in the reverse transcription mechanism of HIV-1. His laboratory developed and applied novel ultrafast and single molecule spectroscopies to study the complexity of these chemical system.

Paul Barbara was a full professor at the University of Texas at Austin. He held the R.J.V. Johnson-Welch Endowed Chair in the department of chemistry and biochemistry at UT-Austin. He was also Director of UT-Austin's Center for Nano- and Molecular Science and Technology, and Senior Editor for Accounts of Chemical Research.

Ultrafast laser spectroscopy
Ultrafast laser spectroscopy is a category of spectroscopic techniques using ultrashort pulse lasers for the study of dynamics on extremely short time scales (attoseconds to nanoseconds). Different methods are used to examine the dynamics of charge carriers, atoms, and molecules. Many different procedures have been developed spanning different time scales and photon energy ranges; some common methods are listed below.
Muf
muf is a collaborative of artists, architects and urban designers based in London, England, specialising in the design of the urban public realm to facilitate appropriation by users.

Projects include Kings Crescent Estate.

In 2011 muf worked to renovate Altab Ali Park.

Urban design
Urban design is an approach to the design of buildings and the spaces between them that focuses on specific design processes and outcomes based on geographical location. In addition to designing and shaping the physical features of towns, cities, and regional spaces, urban design considers 'bigger picture' issues of economic, social and environmental value and social design. The scope of a project can range from a local street or public space to an entire city and surrounding areas. Urban designers connect the fields of architecture, landscape architecture and urban planning to better organize local and community environments' dependent upon geographical location.

Some important focuses of urban design on this page include its historical impact, paradigm shifts, its interdisciplinary nature, and issues related to urban design.