hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Intelligence collection plan
An intelligence collection plan (ICP) is the systematic process used by most modern armed forces and intelligence services to meet intelligence requirements through the tasking of all available resources to gather and provide pertinent information within a required time limit.  Creating a collection plan is part of the intelligence cycle.

While an ICP has no prescribed doctrinal format, it must use all available collection capabilities to meet the decision maker's priority requirements. It must be precise and concise, yet a working document that is flexible enough to respond to changes as they occur.

Intelligence agency
An intelligence agency is a government agency operating as a secret service responsible for the collection, analysis, and exploitation of information in support of law enforcement, national security, military, public safety, and foreign policy objectives.

Means of information gathering are both overt and covert and may include espionage, communication interception, cryptanalysis, cooperation with other institutions, and evaluation of public sources. The assembly and propagation of this information is known as intelligence analysis or intelligence assessment.
Machaín
Machaín or Machain is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Facundo Machaín (1845–1877), President of Paraguay

Humberto Álvarez Machaín, physician from Mexico accused of aiding in the torture and killing of Enrique Camarena Salazar in 1985

Facundo Machaín
Facundo Machaín (November 26, 1845 – October 29, 1877) was president of Paraguay. His period of government lasted barely one day between August 31 and September 1, 1870, but was important for the political situation and development of the country at the time.
Petro Nishchynsky
Petro Ivanovych Nishchynsky (Ukrainian: Петро Іванович Ніщинський; September 9, 1832 – March 4, 1896) was a Ukrainian linguist and composer. He was born in the village of Nemenka, currently in the Vinnytsia Oblast of Ukraine.

Illintsi Raion
Illintsi Raion (Ukrainian: Іллінецький район) was one of raions of Vinnytsia Oblast, located in southwestern Ukraine. The administrative center of the raion was the town of Illintsi. The raion was abolished and its territory was merged into Vinnytsia Raion on 18 July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Vinnytsia Oblast to six. The last estimate of the raion population was 36,249 (2020 est.).
Milen Veltchev
Milen Emilov Veltchev (Bulgarian: Милен Емилов Велчев, romanized: Milen Emilov Velchev; born 24 March 1966) is a Bulgarian former politician who served as Minister of Finance from 2001 until 2005. He previously worked in finance at Merrill Lynch in London.

He holds MS and BS degrees from the University of National and World Economy in Sofia, Bulgaria; a BA from the University of Rochester and an MBA from the MIT Sloan School of Management.

Ministry of Finance (Bulgaria)
The Ministry of Finance (Bulgarian: Министерство на финансите) of Bulgaria was established in 1879 in accordance with the Tarnovo Constitution. The Ministry is responsible for formulating and implementing the budget and the fiscal and financial policy of Bulgaria. As of April 2024 the Finance Minister of Bulgaria is Temenuzhka Petkova.
Ecdysone 20-monooxygenase
Ecdysone 20-monooxygenase (EC 1.14.99.22) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

ecdysone + AH2 + O2  20-hydroxyecdysone + A + H2O

The three substrates of this enzyme are ecdysone, an electron acceptor AH2, and O2, whereas its three products are 20-hydroxyecdysone, the reduction product A, and H2O.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on paired donors, with O2 as oxidant and incorporation or reduction of oxygen. The oxygen incorporated need not be derive from O miscellaneous. The systematic name of this enzyme class is ecdysone,hydrogen-donor:oxygen oxidoreductase (20-hydroxylating). Like other genes in the ecdysone synthesis pathway, it belongs to Cytochrome P450 Halloween genes, with the nickname shade, other names in common use include alpha-ecdysone C-20 hydroxylase, and ecdysone 20-hydroxylase.

Cytochrome P450
Cytochromes P450 (P450s or CYPs) are a superfamily of enzymes containing heme as a cofactor that mostly, but not exclusively, function as monooxygenases. However, they are not omnipresent; for example, they have not been found in Escherichia coli. In mammals, these enzymes oxidize steroids, fatty acids,  xenobiotics, and participate in many biosyntheses. By hydroxylation, CYP450 enzymes  convert xenobiotics into hydrophilic derivatives, which are more readily excreted.

P450s are, in general, the terminal oxidase enzymes in electron transfer chains, broadly categorized as P450-containing systems. The term "P450" is derived from the spectrophotometric peak at the wavelength of the absorption maximum of the enzyme (450 nm) when it is in the reduced state and complexed with carbon monoxide. Most P450s require a protein partner to deliver one or more electrons to reduce the iron (and eventually molecular oxygen).
Poetics and Linguistics Association
The Poetics and Linguistics Association is an international academic association which exists to promote the research, teaching and learning in the study of linguistic style and the language of literature. The Poetics and Linguistics Association is usually known by the acronym PALA. The main activities of PALA are the publication of the journal Language and Literature, and an annual conference.

Geoffrey Leech
Geoffrey Neil Leech FBA (16 January 1936 – 19 August 2014) was a specialist in English language and linguistics. He was the author, co-author, or editor of more than 30 books and more than 120 published papers. His main academic interests were English grammar, corpus linguistics, stylistics, pragmatics, and semantics.
Maria Josette Orsto
Maria Josette Orsto (30 October 1962 – 30 November 2020) was an aboriginal artist born at Pirlangimpi, on Melville Island (one of the Tiwi Islands in the Northern Territory). Her father, Declan Apuatimi, and her mother, Jean Baptiste Apuatimi, were also noted aboriginal artists from the Tiwi Islands. Orsto was one of the first female members of Tiwi Designs. Prior to her death she worked and lived at Wurrumiyanga (formerly Ngiui) on Bathurst Island.

Bathurst Island (Northern Territory)
Bathurst Island (Iwaidja: Nguyu) (2,600 km2 or 1,000 sq mi, 11°35′S 130°18′E﻿ / ﻿11.583°S 130.300°E﻿ / -11.583; 130.300) is one of the Tiwi Islands in the Northern Territory off the northern coast of Australia along with Melville Island.
Banu Muzaina
Banu Muzaina (Arabic: بنو مزينة) was an Arab tribe during the time of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. They were involved in the Expedition of Zayd ibn Harithah in September, 627 CE, 6AH of the Islamic calendar A platoon, under the leadership of Zaid bin Haritha, was sent to Al Jumum, the habitation of Banu Salim, in the same year.  A group of non-Muslims were captured. A woman from Banu Muzaina was also captured, and she showed them the way to the enemy's camp. The Banu Muzaina tribe was an Arab pagan tribe which later converted to Islam.

Al Jumum
Al Jumum is a governorate in Makkah Province, in western Saudi Arabia. The Expedition of Zaid ibn Haritha in al-Jumum took place in September, 627 AD, 6 AH of the Islamic calendar at this location during the era of the Islamic prophet, Muhammad.
Islamabad Cricket Stadium
Islamabad Cricket Stadium  is a state-of-the-art under-construction cricket stadium in Islamabad, Pakistan. The project was initiated on the directives of chairman Pakistan Cricket Board and Federal Minister of Interior, Mohsin Naqvi.

Ministry of Interior (Pakistan)
The Ministry of Interior and Narcotics Control (Urdu: وزارتِ داخلہ, abbreviated as MoI) is a Cabinet-level ministry of the Government of Pakistan, tasked and primarily responsible for implementing the internal policies, state security, administration of internal affairs involving the state and affairs related to narcotics control.

The ministry is led by the Interior Minister, the Minister of State for Interior and the Interior Secretary. The Interior Secretary is a Grade 22 officer whereas the Interior Minister is a leading member of the federal cabinet.

On 11 February 2025, Narcotics Control ministry was merged in to Ministry of Interior as an attached department/wing of ministry and now it is called Ministry of Interior and Narcotics Control.

The minister is required to be a member of parliament. During the martial regimes of Generals Ayub Khan and Yahya Khan, from 1962 until 1971, the Interior Minister was called Home Affairs Minister.
Rio Grande Trail (Colorado)
The Rio Grande Trail is a rail trail in Garfield, Eagle and Pitkin counties in west central Colorado in the United States. It follows the Aspen Branch right-of-way of the former Denver and Rio Grande Western Railroad from Aspen, a former mining town and contemporary ski resort, to Glenwood Springs, a mountain town along the Colorado River. Generally following the Roaring Fork River, the rail line was gradually abandoned from the 1960s to the mid-1990s, the trail corridor was purchased in 1997, and the trail officially opened in 2008.

Roaring Fork River
The Roaring Fork River is a tributary of the Colorado River, approximately 70 miles (110 km) long, in west central Colorado in the United States. The river drains a populated and economically vital area of the Colorado Western Slope called the Roaring Fork Valley or Roaring Fork Watershed, which includes the resort city of Aspen and the resorts of Aspen/Snowmass.
2010 European Curling Championships – Men's tournament
The men's tournament of the 2010 European Curling Championships took place from December 4 – 11, 2010. The winners of the Group C tournament in Howwood, Scotland (Slovakia and Belarus) move on to the Group B tournament in Monthey.
The top eight men's teams at the 2010 ECC represented their nations at the 2011 Ford World Men's Curling Championship in Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada.

A change in the system of play sees the C group games played as a qualifier and was held from September 24–28, 2010.  Ranking from the 2009 European Curling Championships determined the group placings for the 2010 tournament.

Howwood
Howwood (Scots: The Howewuid, Scottish Gaelic: Coille an Dail) is a village in Renfrewshire, Scotland. It is between Johnstone and Lochwinnoch, just off the A737 dual carriageway between the nearby town of Paisley and the Ayrshire border. It is served by Howwood railway station.
Arvidsjaur
Arvidsjaur (Swedish: [ˈǎrːvɪdsjaʊr]; Ume Sami: Árviesjávrrie; Pite Sami: Árvehávvre) is a locality and the seat of Arvidsjaur Municipality in Norrbotten County, province of Lapland, Sweden with 4,635 inhabitants in 2010.

Arvidsjaur is a center for the European car industry. During the winter months, major car-manufacturers perform arctic trials in the Arvidsjaur Municipality. The town also fosters tourism by offering snowmobile tours, trekking, skiing, fishing and dogsled rides.

Urban areas in Sweden
An urban area or tätort (lit. 'dense locality') in Sweden has a minimum of 200 inhabitants and may be a city, town or larger village. It is a purely statistical concept, not defined by any municipal or county boundaries. Larger urban areas synonymous with cities or towns (Swedish: stad for both terms) for statistical purposes have a minimum of 10,000 inhabitants. The same statistical definition is also used for urban areas in the other Nordic countries.

In 2018, there were nearly two thousand urban areas in Sweden, which were inhabited by 87% of the Swedish population.

Urban area is a common English translation of the Swedish term tätort. The official term in English used by Statistics Sweden is, however, "locality" (Swedish: ort). It could be compared with "census-designated places" in the United States.
Area code 712
Area code 712 is the telephone area code in the North American Numbering Plan (NANP) for the most western part of Iowa, including the cities of Spencer, Le Mars, Sioux City, Council Bluffs, Red Oak, Sheldon, Storm Lake, Carroll, Sac City, Logan, and Shenandoah.

Area code 712 was one of the original three area codes for the state of Iowa established in 1947. It is the only original area code in Iowa that still has its original boundaries, and one of the few remaining original area codes nationwide (not counting those covering an entire state) that has never been split or overlaid. Despite the proliferation of cell phones and pagers (particularly in Sioux City and Council Bluffs), it is projected to stay that way until at least 2031.

Spencer, Iowa
Spencer is a city in the state of Iowa, United States, and the county seat of Clay County. It is located at the confluence of the Little Sioux and Ocheyedan rivers. The population was 11,325 in the 2020 census, an increase from 11,317 in 2000. Spencer hosts the Clay County Fair, held annually in September and averaging more than 300,000 visitors.

The town's late library cat, Dewey Readmore Books, became known throughout the world before his death in 2006. He was immortalized in the book Dewey: The Small-Town Library Cat Who Touched the World by Vicki Myron, director of the library, and Bret Witter.
FreightCenter
FreightCenter is a privately owned, non-asset based 3rd-party logistics provider (3PL) with headquarters in Palm Harbor, Florida, United States. FreightCenter acts as a conduit between freight carriers and commercial or residential shippers located in the United States and Canada. As a conduit, shippers use the provider's online freight quote calculator to calculate freight costs for less than truckload, truckload, rail, ocean and air freight.

Truckload shipping
Truckload shipping is freight transport in which a semi-trailer or intermodal container is filled entirely with one type of cargo. It differs from less-than-truckload shipping (LTL) in which freight from multiple customers is combined in one trailer. A truckload carrier is a trucking company that contracts entire trailer-load to a single customer.
Jamie Hughes (footballer)
Jamie Joseph Hughes (born 5 April 1977) is an English former professional footballer who is notable for becoming the first British footballer to fail a test for a performance-enhancing drug. While a YTS player with Division One Tranmere Rovers in May 1995, he failed a drugs test and was discovered to have taken amphetamines. His punishment for the offence was a six-month ban from football (suspended for two years).

Hughes has since played at non-league level for clubs including Vauxhall Motors, Lancaster City and Ashton United. He also played for Rhyl, Bangor City and Connah's Quay Nomads in the League of Wales and Derry City in the League of Ireland.

Ashton United F.C.
Ashton United Football Club is a football club in Ashton-under-Lyne, Greater Manchester, England. They are currently members of the Northern Premier League Premier Division, the seventh tier of English football, and play at Hurst Cross. Established as Hurst in 1878, the club folded in 1892 before being reformed in 1909 and renamed Ashton United in 1947.
WSBB-FM
WSBB-FM (95.5 MHz) is a commercial radio station licensed to Doraville, Georgia, and serving Metro Atlanta.  WSBB-FM and co-owned WSB (750 AM) simulcast a news/talk radio format.  The stations are owned by the Cox Media Group and are among the highest-billing stations in the U.S.  On the air, the two stations are referred to as "95.5 WSB", only occasionally mentioning the FM station's call sign or the AM station's frequency.

The studios and offices are on West Peachtree Street NE in Atlanta, in the WSB-TV and Radio Group Building.  WSBB-FM has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 100,000 watts, the maximum for most FM stations.  The transmitter is on the WSB-FM broadcast tower in Edgewood, just east of Downtown Atlanta.  WSBB-FM broadcasts in the HD Radio hybrid format.

Downtown Atlanta
Downtown Atlanta is the central business district of Atlanta, Georgia, United States. The largest of the city's three commercial districts (Midtown and Buckhead being the others), it is the location of many corporate and regional headquarters; city, county, state, and federal government facilities; Georgia State University; sporting venues; and most of Atlanta's tourist attractions. It measures approximately four square miles, and had 26,850 residents as of 2017. Similar to other central business districts in the United States, it has recently undergone a transformation that includes the construction of new condos and lofts, renovation of historic buildings, and arrival of new residents and businesses.
B. Vinod Kumar
Boianapalli Vinod Kumar (born 22 July 1959) is an Indian politician and former Member of Parliament, he served as Vice-chairman of Telangana State Planning Board (2019-2023). He represented the Karimnagar constituency of Telangana State in the 16th Lok Sabha (2014-2019) and Hanamkonda constituency in the 14th Lok Sabha (2004-2009). He is one of the founding members of the Telangana Rashtra Samithi (TRS) party and is presently a politburo member and served as party's deputy Floor Leader in the 16th Lok Sabha.

Hanamkonda Lok Sabha constituency
Hanamkonda was a Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituency in Telangana state (then Andhra Pradesh) in southern India until 2008.
The former Prime Minister, P V Narasimha Rao, won two elections from here.
Calon Arang
Calon Arang is a character in Javanese and Balinese folklore dating from the 12th century. Tradition calls her a witch, a master of black magic. It is unknown who composed the story, but a manuscript of the Calon Arang text (written in the Latin alphabet) is kept in the Royal Netherlands Institute of Southeast Asian and Caribbean Studies.

Airlangga
Airlangga (also spelled Erlangga), regnal name Rakai Halu Sri Lokeswara Dharmawangsa Airlangga Anantawikramottunggadewa (born 1002 in Bali, Indonesia – died 1049 in Java), was the only king of the Kingdom of Kahuripan.

The Kingdom was built from the territory of the Kingdom of Mataram after Mataram was sacked by King Wurawari of Lwaram.  He gradually gained support, won back the kingdom once ruled by his uncle, and went on to become one of Java's most notable kings. Airlangga means "jumping water", thus his name means "he who crossed the water", described his life story; born in the court of Bali and during his youth crossed the Bali Strait to stay in Java and later ruled the kingdom in East Java. He belongs to both Ishana and Warmadewa lineages.
(Chloromethylene)triphenylphosphorane
(Chloromethylene)triphenylphosphorane is the organophosphorus compound with the formula Ph3P=CHCl (Ph = phenyl).  It is a white solid but is usually generated and used in situ as a reagent in organic synthesis.  It is structurally and chemically related to methylenetriphenylphosphorane.

The reagent is prepared from the chloromethylphosphonium salt [Ph3PCH2Cl]Cl by treatment with strong base.  The phosphonium compound is generated by treatment of triphenylphosphine with chloroiodomethane.

(Chloromethylene)triphenylphosphorane converts aldehydes to vinyl chlorides:

RCHO  +  Ph3P=CHCl  →  RCH=CHCl  +  Ph3PO

These vinyl chlorides undergo dehydrochlorination to give alkynes:

RCH=CHCl  +  NaN(SiMe3)2  →  RC≡CH  +  NaCl  +  HN(SiMe3)2

Dehydrohalogenation
In chemistry, dehydrohalogenation is an elimination reaction which removes a hydrogen halide from a substrate. The reaction is usually associated with the synthesis of alkenes, but it has wider applications.
Sympistis strioligera
Sympistis strioligera is a species of moth in the family Noctuidae, first described by Julius Lederer in 1853. It is found from Asia Minor throughout Iran and Afghanistan and Turkestan to the Altai Mountains, Mongolia and inner Asia.

Adults are on wing from June to August. There is one generation per year.

Julius Lederer
Julius Lederer (24 June 1821 in Vienna – 30 April 1870 in Vienna) was an Austrian entomologist who specialised in Lepidoptera.
He travelled widely: to Andalusia in 1849 Carinthia with Johann von Hornig (1819–1886) in 1853. He then traveled to various places in the Ottoman Empire such as İzmir in 1864, Magnesia in 1865, Amasya and in 1866, Mersin and the Taurus Mountains in 1867, Lebanon in 1868 and the Balkans in 1870).
Dorothy Wise
Dorothy Wise (née Dorothy Eleanor Maxfield; December 13, 1914 – April 12, 1995) was an American professional pool player. She was born in Spokane, Washington. When she first started playing pool professionally, there were very few national tournaments for women. She won many local and state tournaments, so she called herself the world champion. The first national tournament for women happened in 1967. She won and kept winning for the next five years. She lost the title in 1972. She played in the final against 13-year-old Jean Balukas.

She became a member of the Billiard Congress of America Hall of Fame in 1981. She was the first woman to be made a member.

Dorothy learned to play pool from her husband, Jimmy Wise. He managed billiard parlors (where people play pool) in several cities around the western United States. He watched Dorothy win the first national championship in 1967, but died later that year.

Wise died of dementia in Spokane on April 12, 1995.

Pool (cue sports)
Pool is a group of cue sports played on a billiard table. The table has six pockets along the rails, into which balls are shot. Of the many different pool games, the most popular include: eight-ball, blackball, nine-ball, ten-ball, seven-ball, straight pool, one-pocket, and bank pool. Eight-ball is the most frequently played discipline of pool, and it is often thought of as synonymous with "pool".

The generic term pocket billiards is sometimes also used, and favored by some pool-industry bodies, but is technically a broader classification, including games such as snooker, Russian pyramid, and kaisa, which are not referred to as pool games. There are also hybrid games combining aspects of both pool and carom billiards, such as American four-ball billiards, bottle pool, cowboy pool, and English billiards.
Lake Spaulding Dam
Lake Spaulding Dam (National ID # CA00358) is a dam in Nevada County, California.

Owned and operated by Pacific Gas & Electric for hydroelectric power generation, the 275-foot (84 m)-high dam was designed by John R. Freeman and completed in 1913 (1913).

It impounds the South Fork of the Yuba River, which originates near Donner Pass.  At the time of construction it was the highest dam in California, and one of ten PG&E hydroelectric facilities.  A temporary camp called Camp Spaulding, California was established to house workers on the dam during its construction.

Lake Spaulding, the reservoir created by the dam, has a capacity of 74,773 acre-feet (92,231,000 m3) and supports recreational camping, boating, fishing, and underwater diving.

Nevada County, California
Nevada County (/nɪˈvædə/ ⓘ niv-AD-ə; Nevada, Spanish for "Snowy") is a county located in the U.S. state of California, in the Sierra Nevada. As of the 2020 United States census, its population was 102,241. The county seat is Nevada City. Nevada County comprises the Truckee-Grass Valley micropolitan statistical area, which is also included in the Sacramento-Roseville combined statistical area, part of the Mother Lode Country.