hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
University of Dongola
The University of Dongola (in Arabic جامعة دنقلا), is a public university located in Dongola, Sudan. UofD has a standing relationship and has conducted conferences with Horseed International University, based in Mogadishu, Somalia.

Dongola
Dongola (Dongolawi: ⲇⲟⲩⲛⲅⲟⲩⲗⲁ, Arabic: دنقلا, romanized: Dunqulā), also known as Urdu or New Dongola, is the capital of Northern State in Sudan, on the banks of the Nile. It should not be confused with Old Dongola, a now deserted medieval city located 80 km upstream on the opposite bank.
Draped Reclining Woman 1957–58
Draped Reclining Woman 1957–58 (LH 431) is a bronze sculpture by British artist Henry Moore, with a series of six castings (plus an artists cast, 0/6) made by Hermann Noack in Berlin.

The sculpture depicts a female figure in a reclining position on its right side, with its weight supported on its right hand and right leg. The left hand rests on the left thigh, with the left knee slightly raised but feet together. The drapery emphasises the female figure, but the facial features are abstracted and barely picked out, with two holes for eyes.

Hermann Noack
Hermann Noack, or Noack Foundry (German: Bildgießerei Hermann Noack GmbH & Co.), is a German art foundry in Berlin, named after its original proprietor and his three direct descendants, all with the same name, who have run the business.   Most of its works are cast in bronze.
Léré, Mali
Léré is a small town and rural commune of the Cercle of Niafunké in the Tombouctou Region of Mali. The commune covers an area of approximately 1,342 square kilometers and contains the town and 18 villages. In the 2009 census the commune had a population of 16,072.

The town is around 60 km east of the Mauritanian border. A weekly market is held in the town on Fridays that attracts people from the surrounding settlements.

Léré was allegedly captured by Tuareg rebels in September 2023 following the departure of a United Nations peacekeeping mission from the country.

Coordination of Azawad Movements
The Coordination of Azawad Movements (French: Coordination des mouvements de l'Azawad (CMA); Tamasheq: ⵜⴰⵙⵈ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴰⴾⵔⵢⵓⵏ ⵜⵢⵏ ⴰⵣⴰⵓⴰⴷ; Arabic: تنسيقية الحركات الأزوادية) is a large coalition of Tuareg independentist and Arab nationalist groups that formed in Mali during the Northern Mali conflict in 2014.
M1 gas mask
The M-1 (or M-59) was a standard issue gas mask for troops in Yugoslavia, as well as for SFRY successor states (Bosnia, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Slovenia, Serbia). This respirator was only available until 2005, therefore, the filters are said to have had a limited working lifetime assigned. It is a copy of the U.S. M-9 gas mask. It was also used by the Iraqi army in the Gulf War, where it was designated M-59. It is olive green in color, and has a side-loading canister which uses a 60mm opening. There are different versions of the mask, MC-1 (civilian version), M-1 (civilian version but with oral nasal cup, and some things in the bag are different) and the M-59 (the military version). The filter doesn't have asbestos, but contains chromium.

The M-1 was manufactured by Trayal.

Armed Forces of Bosnia and Herzegovina
The Armed Forces of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Serbo-Croatian: Oružane snage Bosne i Hercegovine, Оружане снаге Босне и Херцеговине; abbreviated as OSBiH, ОСБиХ) is the official military force of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The BiH armed forces were officially unified in 2005 and are composed of two founding armies: the Bosniak and Bosnian Croat Army of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (VFBiH) and the Bosnian Serbs' Army of Republika Srpska (VRS).

The Ministry of Defence of Bosnia and Herzegovina, founded in 2004, is in charge of the Armed Forces of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
2024–25 All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship
The 2024–25 All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship is the 54th staging of the All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship, the Gaelic Athletic Association's premier inter-county club hurling tournament. The competition ran from 3 November 2024 until 19 January 2025.

The defending champion was St Thomas'; however, the club did not qualify for the competition after losing to Cappataggle in the Galway SHC semi-final. Doon and Thomstown made their championship debuts, while Clare's Feakle returned after a long absence.

The final was played at Croke Park in Dublin on 19 January 2025, between Na Fianna of Dublin and Sarsfields of Cork, in what was a first championship meeting between the teams. Na Fianna won the match by 2–23 to 0–20 to claim a first title.

Na Fianna's Colin Currie was the competition's top scorer, finishing with 0–40.

St Thomas' GAA
Saint Thomas' Gaelic Athletic Club is a Gaelic Athletic Association club located in the Kilchreest and Peterswell areas of County Galway, Ireland. The club is exclusively concerned with the game of hurling.

St.Thomas' are the current All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling champions having defeated O'Loughlin Gaels of Kilkenny in the final in January 2024. This was their 2nd championship victory having first won the All-Ireland championship in 2013.

They won their first ever Galway senior hurling championship in 2012.
In February 2013 they advanced to the final of the All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship after a 0–15 to 0–7 win against Loughgiel Shamrocks. They beat Offaly side Kilcormac/Killoughey to win the All Ireland on Saint Patrick's Day 2013 in Croke Park. The club won the Galway senior hurling championship again in 2016 beating Gort in the final, and again in 2018 against Liam Mellows. They won it again in 2023, beating Turloughmore in the final.
2011 Monte Carlo Rally
The 2011 Monte Carlo Rally, officially 79ème Rallye Automobile de Monte-Carlo was the first round of the 2011 Intercontinental Rally Challenge (IRC) season. The rally took place between January 19–22, 2011. The event marked the centenary of the creation of the Monte Carlo Rally, which was first held on January 21, 1911.

Stéphane Sarrazin
Stéphane Jean-Marc Sarrazin (born 2 November 1975) is a French racing and rally driver. He has won races across a number of single-seater, sportscar and rallying disciplines and competitions, was French Formula Renault champion in 1994, and Le Mans Series champion in both 2007 and 2010. Although he has never won the 24 Hours of Le Mans race, he has finished on the podium six times, including four outright second positions. He participated in one Formula One Grand Prix, the 1999 Brazilian Grand Prix, for Minardi as a replacement for Luca Badoer, who had injured his wrist. He suffered a big spin in the race coming up to the start-finish straight on lap 31 and scored no championship points. He also carried out testing duties for the Prost Grand Prix team during the 1999–2001 Formula One seasons and for Toyota Racing in their first season in 2002.
Qusar (city)
Qusar (also Gusar; Azerbaijani: Qusar Azerbaijani pronunciation: [gu'saɾ], Lezgian: Кцlар) is the capital of Qusar District, Azerbaijan. Qusar is located in the foothills of the Greater Caucasus, over the Qusarchay River, 35 kilometers southwest from Khudat railway station and about 180 km from Baku.

Distraction osteogenesis
Distraction osteogenesis (DO), also called callus distraction, callotasis and osteodistraction, is a process used in orthopedic surgery, podiatric surgery, and oral and maxillofacial surgery to repair skeletal deformities and in reconstructive surgery.  The procedure involves cutting and slowly separating bone, allowing the bone healing process to fill in the gap.
Cobitis meridionalis
Cobitis meridionalis is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Cobitidae. It is found in Albania, Greece, and North Macedonia.

Its natural habitat is freshwater lakes. It is threatened by habitat loss.

Cobitidae
Cobitidae, also known as the true loaches, is a family of Old World freshwater fish. They occur throughout Eurasia and in Morocco, and inhabit riverine ecosystems. Today, most "loaches" are placed in other families (see below). The family includes about 260 described species. New species are being described regularly.
Inkhil
Inkhil (Arabic: إنخل, romanized: Ankhil) is a city in southern Syria, administratively part of the as-Sanamayn District in the Daraa Governorate. It is located north of Daraa and just east of the Golan Heights in the Hauran plain. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Inkhil had a population of 31,258 in the 2004 census. The city's inhabitants are predominantly Sunni Muslims.

As-Sanamayn District
As-Sanamayn District (Arabic: منطقة الصنمين) is a district (mantiqah) administratively belonging to Daraa Governorate, Syria. At the 2004 Census it had a population of 167,993. Its administrative centre is the city of As-Sanamayn.
National Service Training Program
The National Service Training Program (NSTP) is a civic education and defense preparedness program for students instituted by the government of the Philippines on November 13, 2009, by virtue of Republic Act No. 9163, otherwise known as the "National Service Training Program (NSTP) Act of 2001."

Government of the Philippines
The government of the Philippines (Filipino: Pamahalaan ng Pilipinas) has three interdependent branches: the legislative, executive, and judicial branches. The Philippines is governed as a unitary state under a presidential representative and democratic constitutional republic in which the president functions as both the head of state and the head of government of the country within a pluriform multi-party system.

The powers of the three branches are vested by the Constitution of the Philippines in the following: Legislative power is vested in the two-chamber Congress of the Philippines—the Senate is the upper chamber and the House of Representatives is the lower chamber. Executive power is exercised by the government under the leadership of the president. Judicial power is vested in the courts, with the Supreme Court of the Philippines as the highest judicial body.
Michael Baiardi
Michael Baiardi (born September 11, 1972 in New York City) is an American composer, songwriter and music producer who currently resides in Los Angeles, California.

Baiardi's songs and compositions have appeared in hundreds of feature films, television shows and albums. Most notable are songs in feature films such as The Avengers (2012), Magic Mike (2012), The Taking of Pelham 123 (2009), Greenberg (2010), and Mad Money (2008). Also notable music contributions are TV shows such as Modern Family, Dexter, Justified, Law & Order, CSI, and Jersey Shore.

Magic Mike
Magic Mike is a 2012 American independent comedy-drama film directed by Steven Soderbergh and starring Channing Tatum, Alex Pettyfer, Matt Bomer, Joe Manganiello, and Matthew McConaughey. The plot revolves around Adam, a 19-year-old college dropout who enters the world of male stripping, guided by Mike Lane, who has been in the business for six years.

The film is loosely based on the experiences of Tatum, who was an 18-year-old male stripper in Tampa, Florida. Magic Mike was filmed in several locations around west central Florida. The film premiered as the closing film for the 2012 Los Angeles Film Festival on June 24, 2012, and was widely released by Warner Bros. Pictures on June 29, 2012, and was a critical and commercial success.

A sequel, Magic Mike XXL directed by Gregory Jacobs, was released on July 1, 2015. A third and final film, Magic Mike's Last Dance, was released on February 10, 2023, with Soderbergh returning to direct.
Virkus
Virkus is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Scott Virkus (born 1959), American football player.

Tarmo Virkus (born 1971), Estonian rower.

Juhan Virkus (1937–1996), Estonian radio journalist and actor.

Scott Virkus
Scott Virkus (born September 7, 1959) is an American former professional football player who was a defensive end in the National Football League (NFL) and Canadian Football League (CFL). He played college football for the Purdue Boilermakers. He played in the NFL for the Buffalo Bills from 1983 to 1984, the Indianapolis Colts and New England Patriots in 1984 and for the Indianapolis Colts in 1985.
Benoni Irwin
Benoni Irwin (June 29, 1840 – August 26, 1896) was an American portraitist.

A pupil of the National Academy of Design in New York City, USA, he trained in Paris with the famous French portraitist Emile Auguste Carolus-Duran (1838–1917).  His work was shown in the Exposition Universelle at Paris in 1889, and the Chicago World's Fair in 1893.  Irwin had studios in San Francisco, Boston, New Bedford, Massachusetts, and New York.

Exposition Universelle (1889)
The Exposition Universelle de 1889 (French pronunciation: [ɛkspozisjɔ̃ ynivɛʁsɛl]), better known in English as the 1889 Paris Exposition, was a world's fair held in Paris, France, from 6 May to 31 October 1889. It was the fifth of ten major expositions held in the city between 1855 and 1937. It attracted more than thirty-two million visitors. The most famous structure created for the exposition, and still remaining, is the Eiffel Tower.
Bumpailog
Bumpailog is a village in Wangdue Phodrang, Bhutan. It is located on the Wangdue Phodrang-Trongsa Highway, overlooking Rukubji village. These two villages fall under one divided chiwog, a Bhutanese administrative division. Bumpailog is about 70 km from Wangdue Phodrang and 50 km from Trongsa. The residents of Bumpailog make a living through agriculture and animal husbandry; vegetable farming and the products of domestic animals compose most of their income.

The Bumpailog Lhakhang is the public temple of the Bumpailog community.

Buddhist temple
A Buddhist temple or Buddhist monastery is the place of worship for adherents of Buddhism. They include the structures called vihara, chaitya, stupa, wat, khurul and pagoda in different regions and languages. Temples in Buddhism represent the pure land or pure environment of a Buddha. Traditional Buddhist temples are designed to inspire both inner and outer peace.

Buddhist temples follow a set of architectural guides adhering to Buddhist architecture principal, with stylistic derivatives seen throughout South Asia, Southeast Asia, and East Asia.
Corda, Ribeira Grande
Corda is a settlement in the island of Santo Antão, Cape Verde. It is part of the municipality Ribeira Grande. It is situated in the mountainous interior of the island at about 1,000 meters elevation, 13 km north of the island capital Porto Novo. Corda consists of several villages, including Chã de Corda and Esponjeiro. The national road from Porto Novo to Ribeira Grande (EN1-SA01) passes through Corda. The crater of Cova lies 4 km to the southeast. Corda lies in the Cova-Paul-Ribeira da Torre Natural Park.

Two species of cuckoo bees, Thyreus batelkai and Chiasmognathus batelkai, have been found near Esponjeiro. Also a subspecies of butterflies, Leptotes pirithous capvertis has been found near Esponjeiro.

Porto Novo, Cape Verde
Porto Novo is a city in the island of Santo Antão, in Cape Verde. It is the seat of the Porto Novo municipality. At the 2010 census, the town had 9,310 inhabitants, which makes it the most populous settlement of the island.
Dalel Singh Ror
Dalel Singh Ror is an Indian volleyball player who received one of the country's highest sporting honours, the Arjuna Award, in 1990. Dalel Singh was born on 10 June 1956 in Amin village near Kurukshetra, in Haryana.

Kurukshetra
Kurukshetra (Hindi: kurukṣetra, pronounced [kʊrʊkʃeːtɾə]ⓘ) is a historical region in India, also known as Dharmakshetra ("Realm of duty") and as the "Land of the Bhagavad Gita." It also refers to the city Kurukshetra, situated in the area and administrative headquarters of Kurukshetra district in the Indian state of Haryana.
Snail Incident
The Snail Incident (simplified Chinese: 蜗牛事件; traditional Chinese: 蝸牛事件) was a political incident in China during the Cultural Revolution. It stemmed from China's attempt to import a colour picture tube production line from the United States. In 1973, Chinese officials received a set of decorative glass snails from Corning Incorporated as a gift. In 1974, Jiang Qing, the wife of Mao Zedong, alleged that the snail was a deliberate symbol mocking China's slow pace of development, claiming it to be part of a U.S. smear campaign. Zhou Enlai intervened to refute Jiang Qing's accusation, but the incident led to the cancellation of plans to adopt American colour television technology. Five years later, China introduced similar technology from Japan instead.

Fourth Ministry of Machine Building
The Fourth Ministry of Machine Building (中华人民共和国第四机械工业部), one of the central offices in the People's Republic of China, who oversaw the electronics industry.

It was established in 1963. In March 1993, became part of the Ministry of Machine Building and Electronics Industries. In March 1998, an independent Ministry of the Electronics Industry.
Myxine debueni
Myxine debueni, the Magellan hagfish, is a species of jawless fish in the family Myxinidae.

It is found off the coast of southernmost Chile, where it is known only from two specimens collected near Dawson Island in the Strait of Magellan prior to 1970. It may be threatened by shipping, dredging, and fishing activities, but very little is known about the species due to the lack of surveys.

It is named in honor of Spanish ichthyologist Fernando de Buen y Lozano.

Freight transport
Freight transport, also referred to as freight forwarding, is the physical process of transporting commercial products and merchandise goods and cargo. The term shipping originally referred to transport by sea but in American English, it has been extended to refer to transport by land or air (International English: "carriage") as well. "Logistics", a term borrowed from the military environment, is also used in the same sense.
Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder
Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder, or REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD), is a sleep disorder in which people act out their dreams. It involves abnormal behavior during the sleep phase with rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. The major feature of RBD is loss of muscle atonia (i.e., the loss of paralysis) during otherwise intact REM sleep (during which paralysis is not only normal but necessary). The loss of motor inhibition leads to sleep behaviors ranging from simple limb twitches to more complex integrated movements that can be violent or result in injury to either the individual or their bedmates.

RBD is a very strong predictor of progression to a synucleinopathy (usually Parkinson's disease or dementia with Lewy bodies). Melatonin is useful in the treatment of RBD. RBD was first described in 1986.

Cholinergic neuron
A cholinergic neuron is a nerve cell which mainly uses the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) to send its messages. Many neurological systems are cholinergic. Cholinergic neurons provide the primary source of acetylcholine to the cerebral cortex, and promote cortical activation during both wakefulness and rapid eye movement sleep. The cholinergic system of neurons has been a main focus of research in aging and neural degradation, specifically as it relates to Alzheimer's disease. The dysfunction and loss of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons and their cortical projections are among the earliest pathological events in Alzheimer's disease.
Peacock Ridge
Peacock Ridge (66°48′S 51°0′E﻿ / ﻿66.800°S 51.000°E﻿ / -66.800; 51.000) is a ridge standing between Mount Soucek and Mount Porteus, in the north part of the Tula Mountains in Enderby Land, Antarctica. Plotted from air photos taken from ANARE (Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions) aircraft in 1956. Named by Antarctic Names Committee of Australia (ANCA) for D. Peacock, a member of the crew of the Discovery during the British Australian New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition (BANZARE), 1929–31.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Peacock Ridge". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

Australian Antarctic Names and Medals Committee
The Australian Antarctic Names and Medals Committee (AANMC) was established to advise the Government on names for features in the Australian Antarctic Territory and the subantarctic territory of Heard Island and the McDonald Islands. The committee also issues nominations Governor General for the award of the Australian Antarctic Medal.

Committee members were appointed by the Minister or Parliamentary Secretary responsible for Antarctic matters. The committee was founded in 1952 as the Antarctic Names Committee of Australia,  and changed to the current name in 1982 to reflect the multiple functions that the committee is responsible for. The committee was replaced by the Australian Antarctic Division Place names Committee in 2015.
Appleby Fells
Appleby Fells is a Site of Special Scientific Interest in Westmorland and Furness, Cumbria, England, near Appleby-in-Westmorland. The area is approximately a triangle with a right angle in the North East at Cow Green Reservoir. It extends westwards to near Knock and southwards to near Helbeck. The area overlaps the North Pennines AONB. The fells rise steeply above the Eden Valley, the scarp slope being deeply dissected by streams. Natural England states that "the great importance of the area lies in its rich variety of habitats and associated plant and animal species" and that "geologically there are important exposures of the Great Whin Sill quartz dolerite". According to data from Natural England the condition of 93% of the SSSI is designated "Unfavourable Recovering" and less than 5% is "Favourable".

Part of the land area designated as Appleby Fells SSSI is owned by the Ministry of Defence. The protected area includes part of Warcop Training Area.

River Eden, Cumbria
The River Eden is a river that flows through Cumbria, England. It rises on Black Fell Moss, near the village of Outhgill, and runs in a generally north-westerly direction through the Vale of Eden and Solway Plain before reaching the sea at the Solway Firth.
Lam Nam Nan National Park
Lam Nam Nan National Park (Thai: อุทยานแห่งชาติลำน้ำน่าน, RTGS: Utthayan Haeng Chat Lam Nam Nan) is a national park in Thailand's Phrae and Uttaradit provinces. The national park covers an area of 999 square kilometres (386 sq mi) and was established in 1998, it is home to rugged mountains and the reservoir of the Sirikit Dam.

Phrae province
Phrae (Thai: แพร่, pronounced [pʰrɛ̂ː]; Northern Thai:  ᨻᩯᩖ᩵, pronounced [pɛ̂ː]) is one of Thailand's seventy-six Provinces (changwat) and lies in upper northern Thailand. Neighboring provinces are (clockwise from north) Phayao, Nan, Uttaradit, Sukhothai, and Lampang.
Gemini (language model)
Gemini is a family of multimodal large language models (LLMs) developed by Google DeepMind, and the successor to LaMDA and PaLM 2. Comprising Gemini Pro, Gemini Deep Think, Gemini Flash, and Gemini Flash Lite, it was announced on December 6, 2023. It powers the chatbot of the same name.

XAI (company)
X.AI Corp., doing business as xAI, is an American company working in the area of artificial intelligence (AI), social media and technology that is a wholly owned subsidiary of American aerospace company SpaceX. Founded by Elon Musk in 2023, the company's flagship products are the generative AI chatbot named Grok and the social media platform X (formerly Twitter), the latter of which they acquired in March 2025.
2025 Women's Cricket World Cup
The 2025 ICC Women's Cricket World Cup was the 13th edition of Women's Cricket World Cup. India hosted the World Cup for the fourth time, after the 1978, 1997 and 2013 editions, with the tournament held from 30 September to 2 November 2025. This was the last time the tournament had eight teams. India became champions after defeating South Africa in the final, securing their maiden World Cup title. Australia were the defending champions, but were knocked out in the Semi-final by eventual champions India.

Annabel Sutherland
Annabel Jane Sutherland (born 12 October 2001) is an Australian cricketer who plays for the national cricket team as an all-rounder. At the domestic level, she plays for Victoria in the Women's National Cricket League and the Melbourne Stars in the Women's Big Bash League.