hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Stephan Studer
Stéphan Studer (born 9 October 1975) is a Swiss international referee who refereed at 2014 FIFA World Cup qualifiers.

Studer became a FIFA referee in 2009. He has officiated at Euro 2012 qualifiers and the 2011 FIFA U-17 World Cup. He was appointed as referee of the 2012–13 Swiss Cup final between FC Basel and Grasshoppers Zürich in the Stade de Suisse, Wankdorf, Bern, on 20 May 2013.

Studer's last match after 12 years as referee was on 29 May 2015 in St. Jakob-Park, Basel as FC Basel beat St. Gallen 4-3 on the last day of the 2014–15 Swiss Super League season.

FIFA International Referees List
The FIFA International Referees List is an annual publication of the global list of FIFA international referees in the football-variants controlled by FIFA – association football (outdoor football), futsal and beach soccer. Members of the list are qualified to officiate at international level and are entitled to wear on their uniform for the year in which they listed.
Wanlaweyn
Wanlaweyn (Maay: Wanliwiing) is a town in the northern Lower Shebelle region of Somalia. Situated around 90 km (50 miles) northwest of the capital Mogadishu, it is the center of the Wanlaweyn District.

Maay Maay
Mai, commonly spelled Maay (also known as Af-Maay, Af-Maay, or simply Maay) is a dialect of the Somali language. It is mainly spoken in Somalia and adjacent parts of Ethiopia and Kenya. In Somalia, it is spoken in South West state, Jubaland state, and Banadir.
2024 Grand Prix Hassan II
The 2024 Grand Prix Hassan II was a professional men's tennis tournament played in Marrakesh, Morocco on clay courts. It was the 38th edition of the tournament and was classified as an ATP Tour 250 event on the 2024 ATP Tour. It took place from 1 April until 7 April 2024. Unseeded Matteo Berrettini won the singles title.

ATP 250 tournaments
The ATP 250 tournaments are the lowest tier of annual men's tennis tournaments on the main ATP Tour, after the four Grand Slam tournaments, ATP Finals, ATP Masters 1000 tournaments, and ATP 500 tournaments. The winners of each tournament are awarded 250 ranking points—which accounts for the name of the series.

As of 2026, the series included 30 tournaments after the retirement of four tournaments (Atlanta, Córdoba, Lyon and Metz), the downgrade of two in 2025 (Estoril for a year, and Newport) and the upgrade of three tournaments to the 500 level (Dallas, Doha and Munich). Draws usually consist of 28 for singles, with Brisbane International (32) and Winston-Salem Open (48) being the only exceptions. Doubles draws consist of 16 teams.

Thomas Muster holds the record for most singles titles at 26, while Mike Bryan holds the record for most doubles titles won with 46.
Sven Rühr
Sven Rühr is a German bobsledder who competed in the late 1990s and the early 2000s. He won three medals in the four-man event at the FIBT World Championships with two golds (1996, 1997) and one silver (2000).

FIBT World Championships 1997
The FIBT World Championships 1997 took place in St. Moritz, Switzerland (Bobsleigh) and Lake Placid, New York, United States (Skeleton). St. Moritz hosted a championship event for the record eighteenth time. The Swiss city had hosted the event previously in 1931 (Four-man), 1935 (Four-man), 1937 (Four-man), 1938 (Two-man), 1939 (Two-man), 1947, 1955, 1957, 1959, 1965, 1970, 1974, 1977, 1982, 1987, 1989 (Skeleton), and 1990 (Bobsleigh). Meanwhile, Lake Placid hosted a championship event for the seventh time, having previously done so in 1949, 1961, 1969, 1973, 1978, and 1983.
Mark Arm
Mark Arm (born Mark Thomas McLaughlin; February 21, 1962) is an American singer and songwriter, best known as the vocalist for the grunge band Mudhoney. His former group, Green River, was one of the first grunge bands, along with Malfunkshun, Soundgarden, Skin Yard, the U-Men, and others. He is also the manager of the Sub Pop warehouse and previously worked at Fantagraphics Books.

Skin Yard
Skin Yard was an American grunge band from Seattle, Washington, that was active from 1985 to 1992. The group never gained a mainstream audience but were an influence on several of their grunge contemporaries, including Soundgarden, Screaming Trees, and Green River.
National Academy of Handball
The National Academy of Handball (Hungarian: Nemzeti Kézilabda Akadémia, commonly abbreviated NEKA) is a Hungarian state-funded handball training and developing center run by the Hungarian Handball Federation. Located in Balatonboglár, it offers an integrated four year education for students in grades 9–12. In addition, it is open for Hungarian international junior handballers (aged 18–21) under a trilateral agreement between the academy, the players' club and the players itself.

Hungarian Handball Federation
The Hungarian Handball Federation (Hungarian: Magyar Kézilabda Szövetség, pronounced [ˈmɒɟɒr ˈkeːzilɒbdɒ ˈsøvɛt͡ʃːeːɡ], MKSZ)  is the national handball federation in Hungary.

The Hungarian Handball Federation is a member of the European Handball Federation (EHF) and the International Handball Federation (IHF). Its headquarters are in Budapest. The federation organizes the Hungarian league (Hungarian: Nemzeti Bajnokság) for men and women, and administers the national handball teams for men and women.

Its president is Ferenc Ilyés, the vice president is Katalin Pálinger.
2024–25 Federation Cup (Bangladesh)
The 2024–25 Federation Cup (also known as Bashundhara Group Federation Cup 2024–25 for sponsorship reasons) was the 36th edition of the tournament, the main domestic annual top-tier club football competition in Bangladesh organized by Bangladesh Football Federation. It wass played from 3 December 2024 to 29 April 2025. There were ten participants in the tournament.

Bashundhara Kings are the current champions having defeated Abahani Limited Dhaka  in the final on 29 April 2025. They qualified for 2025–26 AFC Challenge League preliminary stage and the 2025 Bangladesh Challenge Cup.

Rahmatganj MFS
Rahmatganj Muslim Friends Society (Bengali : রহমতগঞ্জ মুসলিম ফ্রেন্ডস সোসাইটি) is a Bangladeshi professional football club based in Old Dhaka. Founded in 1933, the club currently competes in the Bangladesh Football League. It previously competed in the Bangladesh Championship League, until gaining promotion in the 2014 season. Haji Tipu Sultan is the current president and Haji Humayun Kabir the general secretary.
Berecz
Berecz is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Anna Berecz (born 1988), Hungarian alpine skiers

Ignácz Berecz (1912–1997), Hungarian cross country skier

Ilona Berecz (born 1947), Hungarian ice dancing coach and former competitor

Zsombor Berecz (sailor) (born 1986), Hungarian sailor

Zsombor Berecz (footballer) (born 1995), Hungarian footballer

Ilona Berecz
Ilona Berecz (born 16 December 1947) is a Hungarian ice dancing coach and former competitor. With István Sugár, she is a two-time Hungarian national champion and the 1968 Blue Swords bronze medalist. They finished in the top ten at three European Championships.
Brucoli Lighthouse
Brucoli Lighthouse (Italian: Faro di Brucoli) is an active lighthouse located in the municipality of Augusta on the eastern coast of Sicily near the southern end of the Gulf of Catania. The lighthouse is also called Faro Antico Castello Regina Giovanna (Queen Juana Ancient Castle Lighthouse), because of its proximity to the castle of Brucoli, built in 15th century by Juana Enriquez, second wife of John II of Aragon.

Activated in 1911 and subsequently electrified, it consists of a white tower with a red band and an adjacent building.

In 2017 the Agenzia del Demanio leased the unused service building for 50 years to a local company, which converted it into an accommodation facility.

John II of Aragon
John II (Spanish: Juan II, Catalan: Joan II, Aragonese: Chuan II and Basque: Joanes II; 29 June 1398 – 20 January 1479), called the Great (el Gran) or the Faithless (el Sense Fe), was King of Aragon from 1458 until his death in 1479. As the husband of Queen Blanche I of Navarre, he was King of Navarre from 1425 to 1479. John was also King of Sicily from 1458 to 1468.
Montgomerie family
The Montgomery family or de Montgomerie is a prominent family of Anglo-Norman origin, belonging to both French and British nobility. At the turn of the 12th century, the family was one of the leading families, with Robert de Bellême being the wealthiest and most powerful magnate in England and Normandy. The House was succeeded by the House of Belleme.

House of Blois
The House of Blois (French: [blwa]) was a noble family that arose in the Kingdom of West Francia in the early 10th century, and whose prominent members were often named Theobald (Thibaud, Thibault, Thibaut in French).
Let Me Go (Hailee Steinfeld and Alesso song)
"Let Me Go" is a song by American singer and songwriter Hailee Steinfeld and Swedish DJ and record producer Alesso, featuring American country music duo Florida Georgia Line and American singer-songwriter Watt. It was written by Ali Tamposi, Brian Lee, Jamie Lidell, Alesso and Watt, with production handled by the latter two. The song was released through Republic Records on September 8, 2017.

Ali Tamposi
Alexandra Leah Tamposi (born November 17, 1989) is an American songwriter from West Palm Beach, Florida. She is best known for co-writing Kelly Clarkson's song "Stronger (What Doesn't Kill You)," 5 Seconds of Summer's song "Youngblood", DJ Snake's "Let Me Love You" featuring Justin Bieber, Camila Cabello’s "Havana" featuring Young Thug, and Cabello's "Señorita" with Shawn Mendes.

Tamposi appeared on the final season of The X Factor as vocal coach and mentor to Simon Cowell's team, working alongside groups Restless Road, Sweet Suspense, and winners Alex & Sierra. She worked closely with Alex & Sierra on their debut album, writing four songs with the duo. In 2019, she won BMI Pop Songwriter of The Year.

She was featured on the Cedric Gervais single "Love Again".

She is the granddaughter of real estate developer Samuel A. Tamposi, himself born to Aromanian emigrants from Avdhella, Grevena, Greece.
Chance of a Start
Chance of a Start is the second studio album by American Irish folk musician Patrick Clifford, released in 2012. It was named by the Irish Voice newspaper as one of the eight best Irish music albums of 2012.

As on American Wake, the album uses instrumentation typical of the American folk music idiom (such as harmonica, piano, bass, and organ), to arrange six notable twentieth-century Irish folk standards and four original songs. Clifford described the resulting sound as "Irish at its heart with an American manifestation."

Unlike American Wake, Chance of a Start contains no instrumental tracks.

David Yeates and Martin Kelleher provide backing vocals on numerous tracks, the first published recordings of Four to the Bar members' collaboration since the band's 1995 release, Another Son.

Ewan MacColl
James Henry Miller (25 January 1915 – 22 October 1989), better known by his stage name Ewan MacColl, was a British folk singer-songwriter, folk song collector, labour activist and actor. Born in England to Scottish parents, he was one of the originators of the 1960s folk revival and wrote such songs as "The First Time Ever I Saw Your Face" and "Dirty Old Town".

MacColl collected hundreds of traditional folk songs including the version of "Scarborough Fair" later popularised by Simon & Garfunkel, and released dozens of albums with A.L. Lloyd, Peggy Seeger and others, mostly of traditional folk songs. He also wrote many left-wing political songs, remaining a steadfast communist throughout his life and actively engaging in political activism.
Syed Nasir Ismail
Tun Syed Nasir bin Syed Ismail (Arabic: سيد ناصر بن سيد إسماعيل Sayyid Nāṣir bin ʼIsmāʻīl;
7 March 1921– 16 March 1982) was a Speaker of the Dewan Rakyat, the lower house of the Parliament of Malaysia. During his lifetime, he was known as a nationalist who sought to fight for the primacy of the national language in Malaysia as a means to create a national identity through the closing down of public-funded Mandarin and Tamil vernacular schools. Tun Syed Nasir sees a common education system for all as a solution to this dilemma. A prominent politician from the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) – the leading party of the governing Barisan Nasional coalition – he served as the 5th Speaker of the Dewan Rakyat from 1978 till his death in 1982.

He was born in Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia, and is of Hadhrami Arab descent.

Parliament of Malaysia
The Parliament of Malaysia (Malay: Parlimen Malaysia; Jawi: ‏ڤرليمن مليسيا‎) is the national legislature of Malaysia, based on the Westminster system. The bicameral parliament consists of the Dewan Rakyat (House of Representatives, lit. "People's Assembly") and the Dewan Negara (Senate, lit. "State Assembly"). The Yang di-Pertuan Agong (King), as the head of state, is the third component of Parliament.

The Parliament assembles in the Malaysian Houses of Parliament, located in the national capital city of Kuala Lumpur.

The term "Member of Parliament (MP)" usually refers to a member of the Dewan Rakyat, the lower house of the Parliament. The term "Senator" usually refers to a member of the Dewan Negara, the upper house of the Parliament.
Steve McGiffin
Steve McGiffin (born 16 April 1997) (also known as 'steej' or 'Stiffmiester') is an Australian cricket player from the Western Suburbs of Brisbane. On 6 January 2022, McGiffin was added to the Brisbane Heat squad for the 2021-22 Big Bash League season after 12 players were ruled out with COVID-19. He made his Twenty20 debut for the Brisbane Heat against the Melbourne Renegades on 6 January 2022 at GMHBA Stadium. On 26 February 2023, he made his List A debut for the Queensland against the New South Wales in the 2022–23 Marsh One-Day Cup.

Kardinia Park (stadium)
Kardinia Park (also known as GMHBA Stadium due to naming rights) is a sporting and entertainment venue located within Kardinia Park, South Geelong, in the Australian state of Victoria. The stadium, owned and operated by the Kardinia Park Stadium Trust, is the home ground of the Geelong Football Club, an Australian rules football club competing in the Australian Football League (AFL).It is also a secondary home ground for the Melbourne Renagades, who play two games there every BBL season. Kardinia Park can accommodate 40,000 spectators, making it the largest-capacity Australian stadium in a regional city, and the third largest-capacity stadium in Victoria behind the Melbourne Cricket Ground (100,024) and Docklands Stadium (56,347).
Selfing syndrome
Selfing syndrome refers to plants that are autogamous and display a complex of characteristics associated with self-pollination. The term was first coined by Adrien Sicard and Michael Lenhard in 2011, but was first described in detail by Charles Darwin in his book “The Effects of Cross and Self Fertilisation in the Vegetable Kingdom” (1876), making note that the flowers of self-fertilizing plants are typically smaller and have little distance between reproductive organs.

Autogamy
Autogamy or self-fertilization refers to the fusion of two gametes that come from one individual. Autogamy is predominantly observed in the form of self-pollination, a reproductive mechanism employed by many flowering plants. However, species of protists have also been observed using autogamy as a means of reproduction. Flowering plants engage in autogamy regularly, while the protists that engage in autogamy only do so in stressful environments.
The Family School
The Family School at Larkhall was a small, alternative school, based in South London, UK, founded by Polly Griffiths in 2007/8 to offer a Democratic education model to primary age children. The school closed in December 2012.

The Family School was in the Free Schools tradition, with no set curriculum, working on the basis that children are natural learners.

The school was a charity, "reluctantly fee-paying", to quote its literature.

Alternative school
An alternative school is an educational establishment with a curriculum and methods that are nontraditional. Such schools offer a wide range of philosophies and teaching methods; some have political, scholarly, or philosophical orientations, while others are more ad hoc assemblies of teachers and students dissatisfied with some aspect of mainstream or traditional education.

Some schools are based on pedagogical approaches differing from that of the mainstream pedagogy employed in a culture, while other schools are for gifted students, children with special needs, children who have fallen off the track educationally or expelled from their base school, children who wish to explore unstructured or less rigid systems of learning, etc.
Nepheloid layer
A nepheloid layer or nepheloid zone is a layer of water in the deep sea basin, above the seabed, that contains significant amounts of suspended sediment. It is from 200 to 1000 m thick. The name comes from Greek: nephos, "cloud". The particles in the layer may come from the upper ocean layers and from stripping the sediments from the ocean floor by currents. Its thickness depends on bottom current velocity and is a result of balance between gravitational settling of particles and turbulence of the current. The formation mechanisms of nepheloid layers may vary, but primarily depend on deep ocean convection. Nepheloid layers can impact the accuracy of instruments when measuring bathymetry as well as affect the types of marine life in an area. There are several significant examples of nepheloid layers across the globe, including within the Gulf of Mexico and the Porcupine Bank.

Turbidity
Turbidity is the cloudiness or haziness of a fluid caused by large numbers of individual particles that are generally invisible to the naked eye. The measurement of turbidity is a key test of both water clarity and water quality.

Fluids can contain suspended solid matter consisting of particles of many different sizes. While some suspended material will be large enough and heavy enough to settle rapidly to the bottom of the container if a liquid sample is left to stand (the settable solids), very small particles will settle only very slowly or not at all if the sample is regularly agitated or the particles are colloidal. These small solid particles cause the liquid to appear turbid.

Turbidity (or haze) is also applied to transparent solids such as glass or plastic. In plastic production, haze is defined as the percentage of light that is deflected more than 2.5° from the incoming light direction.
Constitution Day (South Korea)
Constitution Day or Jeheonjeol (Korean: 제헌절) in South Korea is observed on 17 July, the day that the first South Korean constitution was proclaimed in 1948. The date was deliberately chosen to match the founding date of 17 July of the Joseon dynasty.

Constitution of South Korea
The Constitution of the Republic of Korea is the supreme law of South Korea. It was promulgated on July 17, 1948, and was amended nine times with the last revision of the constitution amended on October 29, 1987.

The constitution consists of ten chapters and 130 articles and codifies South Korea's basic principles on politics, economy, culture and national defense, the basic rights and duties of the country's citizens, the organization of the South Korean government and the country's national symbols.
Kurdish culture
Kurdish culture is a group of distinctive cultural traits practiced by Kurdish people. The Kurdish culture is a legacy from ancient peoples who shaped modern Kurds and their society.

Kurds are an Iranian ethnic group who live in the northern Middle East, in a region that the Kurds call Greater Kurdistan. Greater Kurdistan lies along the Zagros Mountains and the Taurus Mountains, and today comprises northeastern Iraq, northwestern Iran, northeastern Syria, and southeastern Turkey.

Central Kurdish
Central Kurdish, also known as Sorani Kurdish, is a Kurdish language variety spoken in Iraq, mainly in Iraqi Kurdistan, as well as the Iranian provinces of Kurdistan, Kermanshah, and West Azerbaijan. Central Kurdish is one of the two official languages of Iraq, along with Arabic, and is in administrative documents simply referred to as "Kurdish".

The term Sorani, named after the Soran Emirate, refers to a variety of Central Kurdish based on the dialect spoken in Slemani. Central Kurdish is written in the Kurdo-Arabic alphabet, an adaptation of the Arabic script developed in the 1920s by Sa'ed Sidqi Kaban and Taufiq Wahby.
Gran Risa
Gran Risa is a World Cup giant slalom ski course in Italy at Alta Badia. On Piz La Ila mountain in the Dolomites, it hosted its first World Cup event in 1985.

This slope is considered one of the top three most demanding and most prestigious giant slalom courses on the World Cup circuit, along with Kranjska Gora (SLO) and Adelboden (SUI).

Giant slalom
Giant slalom (GS) is an alpine skiing and alpine snowboarding competitive discipline. It involves racing between sets of poles ("gates") spaced at a greater distance from each other than in slalom, but less than in Super-G.

Giant slalom and slalom make up the technical events in alpine ski racing. This category separates them from the speed events of Super-G and downhill.  The technical events are normally composed of two runs, held on different courses on the same ski run.
Saints Tiburtius and Susanna
Saints Tiburtius and Susanna are two Catholic saints that are otherwise unrelated but venerated on the same day:

Saint Susanna (fl. 3rd century), a Christian martyr of the Diocletianic persecution

Saint Tiburtius (died c. 286), a Christian martyr

Saint Tiburtius
Tiburtius, according to Christian legend, was a Christian martyr and saint. His feast day is 11 August which is the same as Saint Susanna. The two were not related, but are sometimes associated because they are venerated on the same day.
Henry Schauer
Henry Schauer (October 9, 1918 – June 16, 1997) was a United States Army soldier and a recipient of the United States military's highest decoration—the Medal of Honor—for his actions in World War II.

Schauer joined the Army from Scobey, Montana, and by May 23, 1944, was serving as a private first class in the 15th Infantry Regiment, 3rd Infantry Division. On that day, near Cisterna di Littoria, Italy, he single-handedly killed five German snipers and disabled two machine gun emplacements. The next day he destroyed a third German machine gun nest. He was subsequently promoted to technical sergeant and, on October 27, 1944, awarded the Medal of Honor.

Schauer died at age 78 and was buried in Salem, Oregon's City View Cemetery.

Cisterna di Latina
Cisterna di Latina is a town and comune in the province of Latina in Lazio, of central Italy. It was the scene of the Battle of Cisterna in January 1944.

The Garden of Ninfa is located in the commune's territory.

The town, then known as Tres Tabernae ("The Three Taverns") is mentioned in the Acts of the Apostles as one of the towns where Saint Paul stopped on his way to Rome.