hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dry Creek (Cottonwood River tributary)
Dry Creek is a stream in Redwood and Cottonwood counties, in the U.S. state of Minnesota. It is a tributary of the Cottonwood River.

Dry Creek was named from the fact it is a losing stream during times of drought.

Losing stream
A losing stream, disappearing stream,  influent stream or sinking river is a stream or river that loses water  as it flows downstream. The water  infiltrates into the ground recharging the local groundwater, because the water table is below the bottom of the stream channel. This is the opposite of a more common gaining  stream (or effluent stream) which increases in water volume farther downstream as it gains water from the local aquifer.

Losing streams are common in arid areas due to the climate which results in huge amounts of water evaporating from the river generally towards the mouth. Losing streams are also common in regions of karst topography where the streamwater may be completely captured by a cavern system, becoming a subterranean river.
Westville, California
Westville was a former settlement in Placer County, California. Westville was located 14 miles (22.5 km) northeast of Foresthill, at an elevation of 5249 feet (1600 m).

The Westville post office operated from 1889 to 1919. The name honors the first postmaster, George C. West.

Westville was once a supply and staging center for forty mines in the area.  By 1925, only two residents remained, both of whom were arrested on October 8 of that year for possession of liquor, rendering Westville a "ghost city".  Little remains at the site today.

Placer County, California
Placer County (/ˈplæsər/ PLASS-ər), officially the County of Placer, is located in the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 404,739. The county seat is Auburn.

Placer County is included in the Greater Sacramento metropolitan area. It is in both the Sacramento Valley and Sierra Nevada regions, in what is known as the Gold Country. The county stretches roughly 65 miles (105 km) from Sacramento's suburbs at Roseville to the Nevada border and the shore of Lake Tahoe.
Modiolus (cochlea)
The modiolus is a conical shaped central axis in the cochlea. The modiolus consists of spongy bone and the cochlea turns approximately 2.75 times around the central axis in humans. The cochlear nerve, as well as spiral ganglion is situated inside it. The cochlear nerve conducts impulses from the receptors located within the cochlea.

The picture shows the osseous labyrinth. The modiolus is not labeled; it's at the axis of the spiral of the cochlea.

Cochlear nerve
The cochlear nerve (also auditory nerve or acoustic nerve) is one of two parts of the vestibulocochlear nerve, a cranial nerve present in amniotes, the other part being the vestibular nerve. The cochlear nerve carries auditory sensory information from the cochlea of the inner ear directly to the brain. The other portion of the vestibulocochlear nerve is the vestibular nerve, which carries spatial orientation information to the brain from the semicircular canals, also known as semicircular ducts.
Nucleoside-modified messenger RNA
A nucleoside-modified messenger RNA (modRNA) is a synthetic messenger RNA (mRNA) in which some nucleosides are replaced by other naturally modified nucleosides or by synthetic nucleoside analogues. modRNA is used to induce the production of a desired protein in certain cells. An important application is the development of mRNA vaccines, of which the first authorized were COVID-19 vaccines (such as Comirnaty and Spikevax).

Ribonuclease
Ribonuclease (commonly abbreviated RNase) is a type of nuclease that catalyzes the degradation of RNA into smaller components.  Ribonucleases can be divided into endoribonucleases and exoribonucleases, and comprise several sub-classes within the EC 2.7 (for the phosphorolytic enzymes) and 3.1 (for the hydrolytic enzymes) classes of enzymes.
KMC Chain Industrial
KMC Chain Industrial Co., Ltd. is a roller chain manufacturer headquartered in Taiwan, R.O.C. with corporate entities in the US, Continental Chain Company, and Europe, KMC Chain Europe BV. They make cam driving chains, balance driving chains, oil pump chains, motorcycle chains, and industrial chains. They manufacture and market bicycle chains and master links under their own KMC brand and supply them to others, including Shimano. KMC chains are used in the Tour de France by riders such as Gustav Larsson, Swedish time trial champion. KMC was founded by Charles Wu in 1977, and was the largest bicycle chain manufacturer in the world in 2011.

Master link
A master link or quick-release link is a roller chain accessory that allows convenient connection and disconnection of a chain without the need for a chain tool. It acts as a set of the chain's outer plates, so joining two sets of the chain's inner plate ends. Such master links may or may not be re-usable. A chain tool is nonetheless needed to adjust a chain's length, for example to shorten a new chain before connecting its ends. They are used on bicycles and motorcycles.
Wing Water Treatment Works
Wing Water Treatment Works is a 1.5-hectare (3.7-acre) geological Site of Special Scientific Interest east of Wing in Rutland. It is a Geological Conservation Review site.

This site is stratigraphically important both regionally and nationally, as it has the longest sequence known in Britain of deposits from the warm Ipswichian interglacial around 120,000 years ago, and it has yielded new paleobotanical records for this period.

There is access to the site from Morcott Road, but it has been filled in and no geology is visible.

The site is adjacent to the water treatment works, operated by Anglian Water, that treats water extracted from Rutland Water reservoir, a few miles to the north.

Interglacial
An interglacial period (or alternatively interglacial, interglaciation) is a geological interval of warmer global average temperature lasting thousands of years that separates consecutive glacial periods within an ice age. The current Holocene interglacial began at the end of the Pleistocene, about 11,700 years ago.
The Real Housewives of New Jersey season 4
The fourth season of The Real Housewives of New Jersey, an American reality television series, was broadcast on Bravo. It aired from April 22, 2012 until October 21, 2012, and was primarily filmed in Franklin Lakes, New Jersey. Its executive producers are Rebecca Toth Diefenbach, Valerie Haselton, Lucilla D'Agostino, Jim Fraenkel, Omid Kahangi, Caroline Self, Tess Gamboa Meyers and Andy Cohen.

The Real Housewives of New Jersey focuses on the lives of Teresa Giudice, Jacqueline Laurita, Caroline Manzo, Melissa Gorga and Kathy Wakile. It consisted of twenty-four episodes.

Andy Cohen
Andrew Joseph Cohen (born June 2, 1968) is an American radio and television talk show host, producer, and writer. He is the host and executive producer of The Real Housewives franchise and Bravo's late night talk show, Watch What Happens Live! He also hosts a two-hour show with co-host John Hill twice a week on Sirius XM.

Cohen served as Bravo's executive vice president of Development and Talent until 2013. He was responsible for creating original content, developing innovative formats, and identifying new talent. Cohen also served as executive producer on the James Beard award–winning reality cooking competition television show, Top Chef. He also hosted the revival of the television dating show Love Connection. He has been awarded a Primetime Emmy Award, and five Peabody Awards.
Perdiendo la Cabeza
"Perdiendo la Cabeza" (Losing My Head) is a song by Mexican singer Carlos Rivera, American singer Becky G and Puerto Rican singer Pedro Capó. The song and its music video were released by Sony Music Latin on January 31, 2020, as the first single from Rivera's seventh album, Crónicas de una Guerra (2021).

Carlos Rivera
Carlos Augusto Rivera Guerra (born March 15, 1986) is a Mexican singer who rose to fame by winning the third generation of La Academia. He has released four studio albums and participated in six theatre productions.
Memoria Urbana Berlin
Memoria Urbana Berlin (also known as Reconstruction Bohemian Bethlehem Church) is a public sculpture by Spanish artist Juan Garaizabal that stands in the middle of the Bethlehemkirchplatz, Mitte district, Berlin, Germany. It was constructed in June 2012 on the mosaic marking the exact site and size of the original Bohemian or Bethlehem Church (German: Böhmische Kirche, Bethlehemskirche), which was destroyed in the war. The sculpture is made up of 800 meters (2,600 feet) of square section (12x12 cm/4.7 in) steel tube and 300 meters (984 feet) of LED illumination system. Its structure draws in the air the lines of the silhouette of the lost construction, recreating its volume in the form of a sketch. It measures 25 x 15 x 31 metres (82 x 49 x 101 feet) in height and weighs 44 short tons (40 metric tons).

Reconstruction (architecture)
Reconstruction in architectural conservation is the returning of a place to a known earlier state by the introduction of new materials. It is related to the architectural concepts of restoration (repairing existing building fabric) and preservation (the prevention of further decay), wherein the most extensive form of reconstruction is creating a replica of a destroyed building.

More narrowly, such as under the Secretary of Interior's Standards in the United States, "reconstruction" is "the act or process of depicting, using new construction, the form, features, and detailing of a non-surviving site, landscape, building, structure, or object to replicate its appearance at a specific time and in its historic location".
Iron Chic
Iron Chic is an American rock band from Long Island, New York, United States. The band consists of Phil Douglas, Jason Lubrano, Gordon Lafler, Mike Bruno, and Jesse Litwa. The band has released 3 records to date. All three of their albums have received positive reviews on websites such as Pitchfork, Noisey and PunkNews.org. The band released their third album and first for SideOneDummy Records, titled You Can't Stay Here, on October 13, 2017.

Bridge 9 Records
Bridge 9 Records is an American hardcore record label located outside Beverly, Massachusetts. Bridge Nine is owned by Chris Wrenn of Salem, Massachusetts, who began the label in 1995 and produced its first release in 1996.

In 2022, the label opened a record store.
Shalbahan Union
Shalbahan Union (Bengali: শালবাহান ইউনিয়ন) is a union parishad situated at Tetulia Upazila,  in Panchagarh District, Rangpur Division of Bangladesh. The union has an area of 30.38 square kilometres (11.73 sq mi) and as of 2001 had a population of 22,000. There are 43 villages and 6 mouzas in the union.

Panchagarh District
Panchagarh District (Bengali: পঞ্চগড় জেলা) is a district of the Rangpur Division in Northern Bangladesh. Panchagarh is the northernmost district of Bangladesh. It lies between 26º00' and 26º38' north latitudes and between 88º19' and 88º49' east longitudes. It was established as a district on 1 February 1984.
Zerbanoo Gifford
Zerbanoo Gifford is a British writer and human rights campaigner of Indian Zoroastrian origin.: 124  She is honorary director of the ASHA Foundation, which she founded,: 125  and president of the World Zoroastrian Organisation.

Gifford was brought from India to Britain by her parents when she was three. She was educated at Roedean School, at Watford College of Technology, at the London School of Journalism and at the Open University. Her first book, The Golden Thread, was published in 1990.: 124

London School of Journalism
The London School of Journalism (LSJ) is an independent journalism school based in London, England, which offers qualifications in journalism, freelance journalism and creative writing. The LSJ provides both on-site and distance learning to its students, ranging from short courses to postgraduate diplomas. The school was founded in 1920 by Sir Max Pemberton.
Melissa Ferlaak
Melissa Marie Ferlaak (born April 26, 1979) is an American soprano, best known as the former singer of symphonic metal bands Aesma Daeva, Visions of Atlantis, and Echoterra. She is the singer of doom/death metal project Plague of Stars and the ambient band MY Eternel with Voa voxyd. She wrote the libretto and vocal parts for the opera Demandolx, and sang the role of Madeleine on the recording. She has appeared as a guest with bands such as Ad Inferna, Therion, Beto Vazquez Infinity and more.

Doom metal
Doom metal is an extreme subgenre of heavy metal music that typically uses slower tempos, low-tuned guitars and a much "thicker" or "heavier" sound than other heavy metal genres. Both the music and the lyrics are intended to evoke a sense of despair, dread, and impending doom. The genre is strongly influenced by the early work of Black Sabbath, who formed a prototype for doom metal. During the first half of the 1980s, a number of bands such as Witchfinder General and Pagan Altar from England, American bands Pentagram, Saint Vitus, the Obsessed, Trouble, and Cirith Ungol, and Swedish band Candlemass defined doom metal as a distinct genre.
Abdullah Ali Sultan
Abdullah Ali Sultan Ahmed (Arabic: عَبْد الله عَلِيّ سُلْطَان أَحْمَد; born 1 October 1963) is a UAE football (soccer) player who played as a midfielder for the UAE national football team and Al Khaleej Club in Sharjah.

United Arab Emirates national football team
The United Arab Emirates national football team (Arabic: منتخب الإمَارَاتُ الْعَرَبِيَّةُ الْمُتَّحِدَة لِكُرَّةُ الْقَدَم) represents United Arab Emirates in men's international football and serves under the auspices of the country's Football Association.

It has made one FIFA World Cup appearance in 1990 in Italy and lost all three of its games. United Arab Emirates took fourth place in the 1992 AFC Asian Cup and runner-up in 1996 as host. It won the Arabian Gulf Cup in 2007 and 2013. It finished third in the 2015 AFC Asian Cup and hosted the 2019 edition in which it was eliminated in the semi-finals.
Javier Bruses
Javier Bruses Manresa (born May 11, 1979 in Barcelona, Spain) is a field hockey goalkeeper from Spain, who was a member of the Men's National Team that finished fourth at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece. The goalie of Real Club de Polo won the title at the Champions Trophy tournament in Lahore (2004), and at the 2005 Men's Hockey European Nations Cup in Leipzig.

Currently playing in the third team of Real Club de Polo Barcelona as a striker, received the golden medal of Real Club de Polo Barcelona for his excellent hockey carrier representing his club.

Spain men's national field hockey team
The Spain men's national field hockey team represents Spain in international men's field hockey competitions. It is controlled by the Royal Spanish Hockey Association, the governing body for field hockey in Spain.

Spain has competed in every European Championship or World Cup, and has qualified consistently since 1960 for the Olympic Games. They also have won medals in these three main international competitions: six at European Championships (two-time winners), three at World Cups (two-time finalists) and four at Olympic Games (three silvers and a bronze).
Cristian Constantin
Cristian Constantin (born 14 March 1978) is a Romanian former footballer who played as a left midfielder for teams such as Rocar București, ARO Câmpulung, Unirea Urziceni, CS Otopeni or Politehnica Iași, among others.

CS Otopeni
Clubul Sportiv Otopeni, commonly known as CS Otopeni, or simply as Otopeni, was a Romanian professional football club from Otopeni, Ilfov County, founded in 2001 and dissolved in 2013. Its greatest performance was that it played for one season in the Liga I in the 2008–09 season.
Dextromethorphan/bupropion
Dextromethorphan/bupropion (DXM/BUP), sold under the brand name Auvelity, is a combination medication for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). Its active components are dextromethorphan (DXM) and bupropion. Patients who stayed on the medication had an average of 11% greater reduction in depressive symptoms than placebo in an FDA approval trial. It is taken as a tablet by mouth.

Side effects of dextromethorphan/bupropion include dizziness, headache, diarrhea, somnolence, dry mouth, sexual dysfunction, and hyperhidrosis, among others. The mechanism of action of dextromethorphan/bupropion in the treatment of depression is unknown.

Dextromethorphan/bupropion was developed by Axsome Therapeutics and was approved for the treatment of major depressive disorder in the United States in August 2022.

Oral administration
Oral administration is a route of administration whereby a substance is taken through the mouth, swallowed, and then processed via the digestive system. This is a common route of administration for many medications.

Oral administration can be easier and less painful than other routes of administration, such as injection.  However, the onset of action is relatively low, and the effectiveness is reduced if it is not absorbed properly in the digestive system, or if it is broken down by digestive enzymes before it can reach the bloodstream. Some medications may cause gastrointestinal side effects, such as nausea or vomiting, when taken orally. Oral administration can also only be applied to conscious patients, and patients able to swallow.
CCDC176
Basal body-orientation factor 1 (BBOF1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the gene CCDC176, which is located on the plus strand of chromosome 14 at 14q24.3. CCDC176 is neighbored by ALDH6A1 and ENTPD5 at the same locus. 
The mRNA is 3123 base pairs long and has 12 exons, the protein is 529 amino acids long and has a molecular weight of 61987 Da and a predicted isoelectric point of 9.07 in humans.

Sense (molecular biology)
In molecular biology and genetics, the sense of a nucleic acid molecule, particularly of a strand of DNA or RNA, refers to the nature of the roles of the strand and its complement in specifying a sequence of amino acids. Depending on the context, sense may have slightly different meanings. For example, the negative-sense strand of DNA is equivalent to the template strand, whereas the positive-sense strand is the non-template strand whose nucleotide sequence is equivalent to the sequence of the mRNA transcript.
Kilgobnet, County Kerry
Kilgobnet (Irish: Cill Ghobnait, meaning 'St. Gobnet's Church') is a townland and electoral division in County Kerry, Ireland. Located near Killorglin, it is overlooked by the MacGillycuddy's Reeks mountain range. Kilgobnet townland, which is in the civil parish of Knockane, has an area of approximately 1.1 square kilometres (0.42 sq mi). It had a population of 45 people as of the 2011 census.

The townland is named for a medieval church, now in ruins, traditionally associated with St. Gobnait. Other archaeological sites in the townland include a possible Ogham stone and several standing stone and ring fort sites.

The local national (primary) school, Kilgobnet National School, was built in the 1980s to replace an earlier 19th century building. As of 2024, it had an enrollment of 82 pupils.

Ringfort
Ringforts or ring forts are small circular fortified settlements built during the Bronze Age, Iron Age and early Middle Ages up to about the year 1000 AD. They are found in Northern Europe, especially in Ireland. There are also many in South Wales and in Cornwall, where they are called rounds. Ringforts come in many sizes and may be made of stone or earth. Earthen ringforts would have been marked by a circular rampart (a bank and ditch), often with a stakewall. Both stone and earthen ringforts would generally have had at least one building inside.
CYP2D7
Cytochrome P450 2D7 (CYP2D7) is a member of the cytochrome P450 gene superfamily. The cytochrome P450 proteins are monooxygenases that catalyze many reactions involved in drug metabolism and the synthesis of cholesterol, steroids, and other lipids. CYP2D7 is a segregating pseudogene, meaning that some individuals may have an allele that encodes a functional enzyme, while others have an allele encoding a protein that is predicted to be non-functional. In this case, the functional allele is thought to be rare. This locus is part of a cluster of cytochrome P450 genes on chromosome 22.

Steroid
A steroid is an organic compound with four fused rings (designated A, B, C, and D) arranged in a specific molecular configuration.

Steroids have two principal biological functions: as important components of cell membranes that alter membrane fluidity; and as signaling molecules. Examples include the lipid cholesterol, sex hormones estradiol and testosterone,: 10–19  anabolic steroids, and the anti-inflammatory corticosteroid drug dexamethasone. Hundreds of steroids are found in fungi, plants, and animals. All steroids are manufactured in cells from a sterol: cholesterol (animals), lanosterol (opisthokonts), or cycloartenol (plants). All three of these molecules are produced via cyclization of the triterpene squalene.
Wairarapa College
Wairarapa College is a state coeducational secondary school located in Masterton, New Zealand. The college first opened in 1938, following the merger of Wairarapa High School with the Masterton Technical School. Serving Years 9 to 13, the college has 963 students as of October 2025.

Order of New Zealand
The Order of New Zealand is the highest honour in the New Zealand royal honours system, created "to recognise outstanding service to the Crown and people of New Zealand in a civil or military capacity". It was instituted by royal warrant on 6 February 1987. The order is modelled on the Order of Merit and the Order of the Companions of Honour.
Sanila (lieutenant)
Sanila (?800–834) was a Gothic magnate, lieutenant of the count Gaucelm of Rosselló, Empúries, Conflent and Rasez. What is known of his life is linked to Gaucelm. Sanila was his staunch lieutenant. The most notable surviving recorded incident about him was in 820, when Sanila beat the count Berà in a judicial duel (see Berà), which resulted in Berà losing his lands and being exiled, although Gaucelm did not immediately gain power over his estates as planned.

Gaucelm and Sanila defended Chalon-sur-Saône against the assault of Lothar in 834. The city was taken and Gaucelm and Sanila were captured and executed.

Chalon-sur-Saône
Chalon-sur-Saône (French pronunciation: [ʃalɔ̃ syʁ son] ⓘ, literally Chalon on Saône) is a city in the Saône-et-Loire department in the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France.

It is a sub-prefecture of the department. It is the largest city in the department; however, the department capital is the smaller city of Mâcon.
Carlos Cano (footballer)
Carlos David Cano Marín (born 17 December 1969), is a Spanish retired footballer who played as a goalkeeper, and is currently the goalkeeping coach of Albacete Balompié. He made 18 appearances in La Liga in the 1990s for Celta Vigo and Real Oviedo.

Real Madrid Castilla
Real Madrid Castilla Club de Fútbol or Real Madrid B is a Spanish football team that plays in Primera Federación – Group 1. It is Real Madrid's reserve team. They play their home games at the Alfredo Di Stéfano Stadium with a capacity of 6,000 seats.

Reserve teams in Spain play in the same league system as their senior team rather than a separate league. Reserve teams, however, cannot play in the same division as their senior team. Therefore, Real Madrid Castilla are ineligible for promotion to the La Liga as long as Real Madrid plays there. Consequently, they must play at least one level below their main side and they are not eligible to play in the Copa del Rey. In addition, only under-23 players, or under-25 players with a professional contract, can switch between senior and reserve teams.