hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2011 Sun Belt Conference football season
The 2011 Sun Belt Conference football season was the 11th season of college football play for the Sun Belt Conference. The season began September 1, 2011 and concluded January 8, 2012 as part of the 2011-12 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The 2011 season consisted of nine members: Arkansas State, Florida Atlantic, Florida International, Louisiana–Lafayette, Louisiana–Monroe, Middle Tennessee State, North Texas, Troy  and Western Kentucky.

The 2011 season was last with nine football-playing members as South Alabama elevated their program from FCS to FBS to become the conference's tenth all-sports member for the 2012 season.

2011 FIU Panthers football team
The 2011 FIU Panthers football team represented Florida International University in the 2011 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Golden Panthers were led by fifth-year head coach Mario Cristobal and played their home games at FIU Stadium in Miami, Florida. They are members of the Sun Belt Conference. They finished the season 8–5, 5–3 in Sun Belt play to finish in fourth place. They were invited to the Beef 'O' Brady's Bowl where they were defeated by Marshall 10–20.
BBC Radio Newcastle
BBC Radio Newcastle is the BBC's local radio station serving Newcastle upon Tyne, the neighbouring metropolitan boroughs, Northumberland and north east County Durham.

It broadcasts on FM, DAB, digital TV and via BBC Sounds from BBC studios on Barrack Road, Newcastle upon Tyne.

According to RAJAR, the station has a weekly audience of 234,000 listeners and a 4.6% share as of March 2025.

Metropolitan borough
A metropolitan borough (or metropolitan district) is a type of local government district in England. Created in 1974 by the Local Government Act 1972, metropolitan boroughs are defined in English law as metropolitan districts within metropolitan counties. All of the metropolitan districts have been granted or regranted royal charters giving them borough status (and in some cases, they also have city status). Metropolitan boroughs have been effectively unitary authority areas since the abolition of metropolitan county councils by the Local Government Act 1985. Metropolitan boroughs pool much of their authority in joint boards and other arrangements that cover whole metropolitan counties, such as local enterprise partnerships and combined authorities, with most of the latter having a directly elected metropolitan mayor.
El Idrissia
El Idrissia is a town and commune in Djelfa Province, Algeria. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 29,856. It used to be known as Zenina, named after a wealthy woman who was married to a Roman officer called Serdoun. This name was given to the nearby mountain.

Communes of Algeria
The communes of Algeria (Arabic: بلدية (singular)), also known as municipalities, form the third level of administrative subdivisions of Algeria. As of 2002, there were 1,541 municipalities in the country. The municipalities are also known as communes (baladiyahs).
Glass (soundtrack)
Glass (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) is the film score composed by West Dylan Thordson to the 2019 film Glass directed by M. Night Shyamalan. It is the third and final instalment in the Unbreakable trilogy, as well as serving a crossover and sequel to Unbreakable (2000) and Split (2016). The film stars Bruce Willis, Samuel L. Jackson, Spencer Treat Clark, Charlayne Woodard, James McAvoy and Anya Taylor-Joy, reprising their roles from the previous films. It was released through Back Lot Music on January 18, 2019.

Spencer Treat Clark
Spencer Treat Clark (born September 24, 1987) is an American actor. He rose to prominence for his roles in the 2000 films Gladiator and Unbreakable. He has since appeared in the films Mystic River (2003), The Last House on the Left (2009), Much Ado About Nothing (2012), and the Unbreakable sequel Glass (2019).

Clark is also known for his roles in the television series Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. (2015–2018), where he portrayed Werner von Strucker throughout the third and fifth seasons, and Animal Kingdom (2016–2019).
Helmstedt–Marienborn border crossing
The Helmstedt–Marienborn border crossing (German: Grenzübergang Helmstedt-Marienborn), named Grenzübergangsstelle Marienborn (GÜSt) (border crossing Marienborn) by the German Democratic Republic (GDR), was the largest and most important border crossing on the Inner German border during the division of Germany. Due to its geographical location, allowing for the shortest land route between West Germany and West Berlin, most transit traffic to and from West Berlin used the Helmstedt-Marienborn crossing. Most travel routes from West Germany to East Germany and Poland also used this crossing. The border crossing existed from 1945 to 1990 and was situated near the East German village of Marienborn at the edge of the Lappwald. The crossing interrupted the Bundesautobahn 2 (A 2) between the junctions Helmstedt-Ost and Ostingersleben.

Lappwald
The Lappwald is a heavily wooded range of hills, 20 km long and up to 5 km wide, in central Germany. It stretches northwards from the town of Helmstedt. The border between Lower Saxony and Saxony-Anhalt runs through the woods, of which about three quarters is on Lower Saxon terrain. The Lappwald is part of the Elm-Lappwald Nature Park.
Gamsylella
Gamsylella is a genus comprising 4 species of fungi in the family Orbiliaceae. It is found in Australia.

The genus name of Gamsylella is in honour of Konrad Walter Gams (1934 - 2017), who was an Austrian botanist and scientist.

The genus was circumscribed by Markus Scholler, Gregor Hagedorn and Annemarthe Rubner in Sydowia Vol.51 on page 108 in 1999.

Walter Gams
Konrad Walter Gams (9 August 1934 – 9 April 2017) was an Austrian mycologist. He worked as a scientist for his entire career at the Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures (Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute) in the Netherlands. He served in the international authority on classification of fungi, the Special Committee on Fungi and Lichens (renamed Nomenclatural Committee for Fungi), from which he contributed to the development of the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi and plants. Some species of fungi he identified became sources of pharmaceutical drugs such as cephalosporin C (antibiotic) from Sarocladium strictum and Acremonium chrysogenum, and ciclosporin (immunosuppressant) from Tolypocladium inflatum.
Yale Wright Laboratory
Yale Wright Laboratory (Wright Lab) is a facility and research community at Yale University in New Haven, CT, within the Yale Department of Physics.  Wright Lab enables researchers to develop, build and use research instrumentation for experiments in nuclear, particle and astrophysics across the globe that investigate the invisible universe.  Before a transformation to its current purpose in 2017, Wright Lab was known as the Arthur W. Wright Nuclear Structure Laboratory (WNSL).  WNSL housed the first "Emperor" tandem Van de Graaff heavy ion accelerator and was founded by D. Allan Bromley, the "father of heavy-ion physics," in 1961 (see History, below, for more information).

D. Allan Bromley
David Allan Bromley (May 4, 1926 – February 10, 2005) was a Canadian-American physicist, academic administrator and science advisor to President George H. W. Bush. His field of research was the study of low-energy nuclear reactions and structure using heavy ion beams.
Sperryville Historic District
Sperryville Historic District is a national historic district located at Sperryville, Rappahannock County, Virginia, USA. It encompasses 63 contributing buildings in the village of Sperryville.  The buildings are predominantly wood-frame, one-and two-story residences, some of which have been converted to commercial establishments. They include a collection of former factory workers' housing built to serve the workers of the Smoot tannery from 1867 to the early 20th century. A number of the buildings were constructed after 1850 with ornamentation and board-and-batten siding that is suggestive of the mid-century Romantic Revivals.

Notable buildings include the George William Cooper House, the Dr. Amiss House, the Hopkins Ordinary, and the Totten's Mill House.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

Batten
A batten is most commonly a strip of solid material, historically  wood but can also be of plastic, metal, or fiberglass.  Battens are variously used in construction, sailing, and other fields.

In the lighting industry, battens refer to linear  light fittings.

In the steel industry, battens used as furring may also be referred to as "top hats", in reference to the profile of the metal.
Schizacme archeri
Schizacme archeri is a common alpine cushion-forming plant species endemic to Tasmania, Australia. It grows mostly in the west of the state, south of Cradle Mountain and the Central Highlands. It was previously known as Mitrasacme archeri, but Schizame is now considered its own distinct genus.

S. archeri has firm, rigid, glossy, imbricate leaves which grow off the stem with pale or hyaline margins. The leaves measure to be 2-4mm long and 0.9-1.2mm wide. It can have white flowers which grow at the end of stems which are 0.2-2mm long. It generally flowers or fruits from October to May.

S. archeri can be distinguished from Schizacme montana and other cushion plants by its leaves. S. archeri has leaves that are circular and stacked together unlike other cushion plants. S. montana does not have translucent margins as S. archeri does.

Cradle Mountain
Cradle Mountain is a locality and mountain in the Central Highlands region of the Australian state of Tasmania. The mountain is situated in the Cradle Mountain-Lake St Clair National Park.

At 1,545 metres (5,069 ft) above sea level, it is the sixth-highest mountain in Tasmania.

The locality of Cradle Mountain is a rural locality in the local government areas of Meander Valley, Kentish and West Coast in the Launceston and North-west and west local government regions of Tasmania. The locality is about 109 kilometres (68 mi) west of the town of Westbury. The 2016 census has a population of 66 for the state suburb of Cradle Mountain.
Cradle Mountain was gazetted as a locality in 1966.
Cradle Mountain (the mountain) occupies a small area in the north-west of the locality, which occupies the northern half of Cradle Mountain-Lake St Clair National Park.
Route C132 (Cradle Mountain Road / Dove Lake Road) enters from the north and runs south to Dove Lake, where it ends.
Edward Clifford Anderson
Edward Clifford Anderson Sr. (November 8, 1815 – January 6, 1883) was a naval officer in the United States Navy, mayor of Savannah, Georgia and a Colonel in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War. He commanded Fort James Jackson near Savannah before its capture in 1864. He was elected mayor of Savannah eight times, before and after the war, and on December 6, 1865, he became the first mayor after the civil war.

Robert H. Anderson (Confederate officer)
Robert Houstoun Anderson (October 1, 1835 – February 8, 1888) was a Confederate military officer during the American Civil War. A West Point graduate, he served as an infantry officer in the United States Army and later served as a brigadier general in the Confederate States Army. After the war he served as the Chief of Police for the city of Savannah, Georgia for 23 years and was twice appointed to serve on the Visitor's Board of the United States Military Academy. With General Joseph Wheeler, Anderson played an important role in reunification, recommending improvements and changes at West Point such as electricity and the addition of a telephone in 1887.
Starro
Starro (also known as Starro the Conqueror) is a supervillain appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. The character first appeared in The Brave and the Bold #28 (March 1960), and was created by Gardner Fox and Mike Sekowsky.

Starro is the first villain to face the original Justice League of America. Debuting in the Silver Age of Comic Books, the character has appeared in both comic books and other DC Comics-related products, such as animated television series, video games, and the DC Extended Universe film The Suicide Squad (2021).

Justice League Europe
Justice League Europe (JLE) is a comic book series published by DC Comics that was a spin-off of the comic book Justice League America (which was then named Justice League International (vol. 1) for issues #7 to #25).

Justice League Europe was published for 68 issues (plus five Annuals) from 1989 to 1994. Starting with issue #51 the title was renamed Justice League International (vol. 2). Like Justice League America, the series featured tongue-in-cheek humor but was a much more action-centric series than Justice League America.

The action-themed nature of the series was most overt with the story arc "The Extremists". The arc featured the Justice League Europe fighting the Extremists, a cadre of villains patterned after Marvel Comics villains Doctor Doom, Magneto, Doctor Octopus, Sabretooth, and Dormammu.

The team was originally headquartered in Paris, France but later moved to an abandoned castle in Great Britain.
Sylvester Pattie
Sylvester Pattie (1782–1828) was a frontiersman in the early United States.

He was born at Craig's Station in Kentucky on 25 August 1782 while his father, John, was burying casualties of the Battle of Blue Licks.  His family moved to Bracken County and he was educated at the Bracken Academy.  He became a prosperous landowner and married Polly Hubbard in 1802.  They had nine children starting with James.  He moved his family to St Charles, Missouri in 1811 and built mills on the Big Piney River.

When his wife died of tuberculosis in 1822, he became disconsolate and went adventuring with his son James.  They engaged in trapping along the Gila and Colorado rivers, tried copper mining in Santa Rita, New Mexico and eventually wound up in San Diego where they were imprisoned by the Mexicans who then ruled California.  Sylvester died in prison on 24 May 1828.

Copper extraction
Copper extraction is the multi-stage process of obtaining copper from its ores. The conversion of copper ores consists of a series of physical, chemical, and electrochemical processes. Methods have evolved and vary with country depending on the ore source, local environmental regulations, and other factors. The copper smelters with the highest production capacity (metric tons of copper yearly) lie in China, Chile, India, Germany, Japan, Peru and Russia. China alone has over half of the world's production capacity and is also the world's largest consumer of refined copper.

Precious metals and sulfuric acid are often valuable by-products of copper refining. Arsenic is the main type of impurity found in copper concentrates to enter smelting facilities. There has been an increase in arsenic in copper concentrates over the years since shallow, low-arsenic copper deposits have been progressively depleted.
BernzOmatic
Bernzomatic is an American manufacturing company. It was founded by Otto Bernz (May 21, 1856 – February 17, 1932) in 1876 in Newark, New Jersey as Otto Bernz Co.. The company manufactures handheld torches and accessories, especially gas burner torches using fuel cylinders containing butane, propane, MAPP gas, and oxygen for soldering, brazing, and welding. Its trademark torch packs include Basic Use, Multi-Application, and Specialty. Its products include torches, fuel cylinders, kits, solders and accessories, and utility lighters.

Torch
A torch is a stick with combustible material at one end which can be used as a light source or to set something on fire. Torches have been used throughout history and are still used in processions, symbolic and religious events, and in juggling and entertainment. In some countries, notably the United Kingdom and Australia, "torch" in modern usage is also the term for a battery-operated portable light.
Ofelia Rey Castelao
Ofelia Rey Castelao (born 1956) is a Galician historian, writer, and university professor. Focusing her research on women's history, she studies female migration and the insertion of Galician women in the literate culture. Rey Castelao was awarded the Premio Nacional de Historia de España (National History Prize of Spain) in 2022.

Galicians
Galicians (Galician: galegos [ɡaˈleɣʊs] or pobo galego; Spanish: gallegos [ɡaˈʎeɣos]) are an ethnic group primarily residing in Galicia, northwest Iberian Peninsula. Historical emigration resulted in populations in other parts of Spain, Europe, and the Americas. Galicians possess distinct customs, culture, language, music, dance, sports, art, cuisine, and mythology. Galician, a Romance language derived from the Latin of ancient Roman Gallaecia, is their native language and a primary cultural expression. It shares a common origin with Portuguese, exhibiting 85% intelligibility, and similarities with other Iberian Romance languages like Asturian and Spanish. They are closely related to the Portuguese people. Two Romance languages are widely spoken and official in Galicia: the native Galician and Spanish.
Richard Sydenham
Richard Sydenham (born 23 February 1976) is a sailor from Exeter, Great Britain. who represented his country at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia as crew member in the Soling. With helmsman Andy Beadsworth and fellow crew member Barry Parkin they took the 12th place.

Sailing at the 2000 Summer Olympics – Soling
The Soling Three Person Keelboat was sailed at the 2000 Summer Olympics held from 17 to 30 September 2000 in Sydney, Australia. The series started as a fleet race and then switched to match racing for the twelve best crew. 16 crews from 16 countries competed on 16 boats with a total of 48 sailors.

The Norwegian crew of Herman Horn Johannessen, Paul Davis and Espen Stokkeland finished first in the fleet racing stage, while Danish crew of Jesper Bank, Henrik Blakskjær and Thomas Jacobsen won the Olympic gold medal by beating the German crew of 1996 champion helmsman Jochen Schümann, Gunnar Bahr and Ingo Borkowski with 4–3 in the final series. Norway won the bronze medal through beating the Netherlands with 3–1 in matches.
Lemuel and Mary James House
The Lemuel and Mary James House was built c.1885 in James, Georgia in Jones County, Georgia.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2013.

It is a two-story house with a covered porch wrapping around two sides.  It was deemed "significant in the area of architecture because it is an excellent and intact example of a Folk Victorian-style New South-type house."

The property has four contributing buildings in addition to the house:  a smoke house, a syrup house, a garage, and a storage barn.

Jones County, Georgia
Jones County is a county in the central portion of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 28,347. The county seat is Gray. The county was created on December 10, 1807, and named after U.S. Representative James Jones.
Kuvaev
Kuvaev or Kuvayev, Kuvaiev (Russian: Кува́ев) and Kuvaeva or Kuvayeva, Kuvaieva (Кува́ева; feminine) is a Russian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Andrey Kuvaev (born 1983), Russian Paralympic footballer

Leo Kuvayev (born 1972), Russian computer criminal

Oleg Kuvaev (born 1967), Russian-Israeli animator and the creator of Masyanya

Sergey Kuvaev (born 1984), Russian actor, model, and videoblogger in Japan

Denis Kuvayev - Variations: Denys Kuvaiev, DenKuvaiev, Denis Kuvaiev (born 1971), Russian - Spanish - French recognized contemporary artist

Maria Kuvaieva - (born 2006), global special needs ambassador and world-famous photo model with Down syndrome

Masyanya
Masyanya (Russian: Масяня) is a Russian adult animated web series and sitcom (later released on TV) created by Oleg Kuvaev with Macromedia Flash in 2001. The series features 9 seasons and 181 episodes as of now.
Thomas Rudyard
Thomas Rudyard (1640 – buried 2 November 1692) was a Quaker lawyer in London before moving to America and being appointed deputy governor of East Jersey and the first Attorney General of the English Province of New York, the predecessor position to the Attorney General of New York State and the successor position to an analogous office under the Dutch colonial government of New Netherlands.

Attorney General of New York
The attorney general of New York is the chief legal officer of the U.S. state of New York and head of the Department of Law of the state government. The office has existed in various forms since 1626, originally established under the Dutch colonial government of New Netherland.

Democrat Letitia James currently serves as attorney general, in office since January 1, 2019.
Tanja Chub
Tanya or Tanja Chub  (Ukrainian: Таня Чуб;  born 16 May 1970, Kharkiv) is a Ukrainian-born Dutch draughts player. She won a silver medal for Draughts at the 1st World Mind Sports Games.

Since 1996, she has been playing for the Netherlands, playing for the DDV club (Dordrecht). The champion of this country among women in 1998, 2001, 2005, 2007 and 2008. Participant of the final series of the 2004 Netherlands Men's Championship. In 2010, Tanya Chub announced her retirement from checkers. This was due to a conflict in the national chess federation of the Netherlands after Chub was stripped of coaching support and expelled from the group of Dutch participants at the World Intellectual Games in Beijing. She works in the archives of the Amsterdam Court.

2008 World Mind Sports Games
The first World Mind Sports Games (WMSG) were held in Beijing, China from October 3 to 18, 2008, about two months after the Olympic Games. They were sponsored and organised by the International Mind Sports Association with the General Administration of Sport of China and the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Sport.

Five mind sports participated in the first Games: bridge, chess, draughts (checkers), go (weiqi), and xiangqi (Chinese chess). Thirty-five gold medals were contested by 2,763 competitors from 143 countries.

According to the World Bridge Federation, it incorporated the World Team Olympiad (1960–2004) and some established youth events in the Games "as the stepping stone on the path of introducing a third kind of Olympic Games (after the 'regular' Olympics and the Paralympics)".
Southwick (surname)
Southwick is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alfred P. Southwick (1826–1898), American inventor

Cassandra Burnell Southwick (c.1600–1660), early American settler

Clyde Southwick (1886–1961), American baseball player

Dan Southwick, American musician

Danny Southwick (born 1981), American football player

David Southwick (born 1968), Australian politician

Elisha Southwick (1809–1875), American tanner

George N. Southwick (1863–1912), American politician

Lawrence Southwick (c.1600–1660), early American settler

Leslie H. Southwick (born 1950), American judge

Shawn Southwick, wife of American television and radio host Larry King

Solomon Southwick (1773–1839), New York newspaper publisher and politician

Teresa Southwick, American writer

Thankful Southwick (1792–1867), American Quaker, abolitionist, and women's rights activist

Wayne Southwick (born 1923), American orthopedic surgeon

Clyde Southwick
Clyde Aubra Southwick (November 3, 1886 – October 14, 1961) was a catcher in Major League Baseball. He played for the St. Louis Browns in 1911. He was well known throughout the league by his nickname, "Cheese", and he is even referred to as "Cheese Southwick" on some vintage baseball cards.