hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Xiaguanying, Lanzhou
Xiaguanying is a town of Yuzhong County, Lanzhou, China. It is designated as an expansion area of Lanzhou city and home to the Lanzhou Science and Education City which includes campuses of Lanzhou University and Northwest Minzu University.

Sanjiaocheng township was merged with Xiaguanying.

A rammed earth Qin dynasty fort is preserved in the town.

The Xiaguanying military airbase will be converted to a dual-use airport to serve as a secondary airport for Lanzhou in addition to Lanzhou Zhongchuan International Airport.

Lanzhou Zhongchuan International Airport
Lanzhou Zhongchuan International Airport (IATA: LHW, ICAO: ZLLL) is an international airport serving Lanzhou, the capital of Northwest China's Gansu province. It is located 71 kilometres (44 mi) northwest of downtown Lanzhou. It was opened in 1970 and serves as a major air hub for the province of Gansu and western China. Its newest main terminal opened in 2025 accommodates 87 gates divided over 4 piers.

Lanzhou Airport is a focus city for China Eastern Airlines, Spring Airlines, and Hainan Airlines. Passenger traffic at Lanzhou Airport in 2024 was over 17 million. In 2024, the airport was ranked 29th busiest in China.
Cheng Shuang
Cheng Shuang (Chinese: 程爽; born February 11, 1987) is a Chinese female aerial skier who has competed at the 2010 Winter Olympics and the 2014 Winter Olympics.

Cheng won the gold medal in the women's aerials event at the 2011 FIS Freestyle World Ski Championships.

Freestyle skiing
Freestyle skiing is a  skiing discipline comprising aerials, moguls, cross, half-pipe, slopestyle and big air as part of the Winter Olympics. It can consist of a skier performing aerial flips and spins and can include skiers sliding rails and boxes on their skis. Known as "hot-dogging" in the early 1970s, it is also commonly referred to as freeskiing, jibbing, and many other names, around the world.
Sandefjord Peaks
Sandefjord Peaks (60°37′S 45°59′W﻿ / ﻿60.617°S 45.983°W﻿ / -60.617; -45.983) is a set of three conical peaks, the highest 635 m, marking the southwest end of Pomona Plateau at the west end of Coronation Island, in the South Orkney Islands. The southernmost of these peaks was named Sandefjord Peak after nearby Sandefjord Bay by DI personnel in 1933. The collective name, Sandefjord Peaks, was recommended by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) following a survey of the peaks by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS) in 1950. They were first climbed in September 1969 by John Edwards, Martin Pinder, Dave Rinning and Eliot Wright after 11 days man-hauling a sledge across from Signy Island

Coronation Island
Coronation Island is the largest of the South Orkney Islands, 25 nautical miles (46 km) long and from 3 to 8 nautical miles (5.6 to 14.8 km) wide. The island extends in a general east–west direction, is mainly ice-covered and comprises numerous bays, glaciers and peaks, the highest rising to 1,265 metres (4,150 ft).
Sherman Building (Sullivan, Indiana)
Sherman Building is a historic commercial building located at Sullivan, Indiana. It was built between 1926 and 1915, and is a three-story, rectangular, brick building with terra cotta trim. The building housed the Sherman Theater on the first and second floors and offices on the third floor.: 2–3

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.

Sullivan, Indiana
Sullivan is a city in Hamilton Township and the county seat of Sullivan County, Indiana, United States. As of the 2020 census, Sullivan had a population of 4,264. It is part of the Terre Haute metropolitan area.
Logistic distribution
In probability theory and statistics, the logistic distribution is a continuous probability distribution. Its cumulative distribution function is the logistic function, which appears in logistic regression and feedforward neural networks. It resembles the normal distribution in shape but has heavier tails (higher kurtosis).  The logistic distribution is a special case of the Tukey lambda distribution.

Feedforward neural network
A feedforward neural network is an artificial neural network in which information flows in a single direction – inputs are multiplied by weights to obtain outputs (inputs-to-output). It contrasts with a recurrent neural network, in which loops allow information from later processing stages to feed back to earlier stages. Feedforward multiplication is essential for backpropagation, because feedback, where the outputs feed back to the very same inputs and modify them, forms an infinite loop which is not possible to differentiate through backpropagation. This nomenclature appears to be a point of confusion between some computer scientists and scientists in other fields studying brain networks.
Harper (name)
Harper is an English, Scottish, and Irish surname that is also commonly used as a unisex given name in the United States.

In some cases, the surname originated from an occupational name, and is derived from the Middle English harper, harpere ("harper"). In other cases, the surname is derived from the Norman le Harpur. The surname can also be derived from the Gaelic Mac Chruiteir ("son of the harper").

Harper is also the Anglicization of the German family name Härpfer, also meaning "harper".

Harper was among the five most popular names for White newborn girls in the American state of Virginia in 2022. it was the tenth most popular name nationally for newborn girls in the United States in 2021. It has also increased in usage as a name for girls elsewhere in the Anglosphere. In 2022, it was the 34th most popular name given to girls in Canada.

Fun with Dick and Jane (1977 film)
Fun with Dick and Jane is a 1977 American crime comedy film directed by Ted Kotcheff and starring George Segal and Jane Fonda. The film follows an upper-middle-class couple who resort to robberies after the husband unexpectedly loses his job, desperate to maintain their lifestyle.

The character names come from the Dick and Jane series of children's educational books, and the film takes its title from one of the books in the series.
Kristin Marie
Kristin Marie Skolem (born May 19, 1991), known professionally as Kristin Marie, is a Norwegian singer and songwriter.

In 2018 she co-wrote the winner song for the tenth season of Norwegian Idol, which was released by Universal Music. The song is named "Before I Go", and made it directly into the Spotify top 50 list, where it stayed for months. She has followed up with singles for international artists like Fedde Le Grande, Jamie, and Pentagon.

She attended the first year of LIMPI, a pop music school started in conjunction with Stargate, Magnus Beite, Amund Bjørklund of Espionage, and Lars Hustoft. During the year she was mentored by established professionals such as Fred Ball, Emily Warren, Martin Sjølie, Axident, Autumn Rowe, Tor Erik Hermansen, and Espen Lind among others.

Emily Warren
Emily Warren Schwartz (born August 25, 1992) is an American singer and  songwriter.   Her debut album,  Quiet Your Mind, was released in 2019.

Warren had her first hit as a songwriter in 2016 as a co-writer on the Chainsmokers song  "Don't Let Me Down." At the 2020 Grammy Awards, she was nominated for Song of the Year category for co-writing Dua Lipa's "Don't Start Now", which has since been streamed more than 2 billion times on Spotify, becoming one of the most streamed songs of all time on the platform. In addition to the Chainsmokers and Dua Lipa, Warren has collaborated with artists including Labrinth, Shawn Mendes, Rosé, Camila Cabello, Shakira, Noah Kahan and David Guetta.
Water jacket
A water jacket is a water-filled casing surrounding a device, typically a metal sheath having intake and outlet vents to allow water to be pumped through and circulated. The flow of water to an external heating or cooling device allows precise temperature control of the device.

Temperature control
Temperature control is a process in which change of temperature of a space (and objects collectively there within), or of a substance, is measured or otherwise detected, and the passage of heat energy into or out of the space or substance is adjusted to achieve a desired temperature.
Apple A18
The Apple A18 and Apple A18 Pro are a pair of 64-bit ARM-based system on a chip (SoC) designed by Apple Inc., part of the Apple silicon series. They are used in the iPhone 16 and iPhone 16 Pro lineups and the iPhone 16e, and built on a second generation 3 nm process by TSMC. Announced on September 9, 2024 and February 19, 2025, they are the successors to the Apple A15 Bionic (exclusively on the entry-level iPhone models with 4-core GPU), Apple A16 Bionic (exclusively on the standard iPhone models with 5-core GPU) and the Apple A17 Pro (exclusively on the premium iPhone models with 6-core GPU) processors, respectively.

Apple Intelligence
Apple Intelligence is a generative artificial intelligence system developed by Apple Inc. Relying on a combination of on-device and server processing, it was announced on June 10, 2024, at the 2024 Worldwide Developers Conference, as a built-in feature of Apple's iOS 18, iPadOS 18, and macOS Sequoia, which were announced alongside Apple Intelligence. Apple Intelligence is free for all users with supported devices.
Braunton Academy
Braunton Academy (formerly Braunton School and Community College) is a coeducational secondary school with academy status in Braunton, North Devon, England. The school specialises in mathematics and computing.

The school first opened in 1937 with 140 pupils, and now has around 740 pupils aged 11 to 16.

The school has various sports facilities, which include four tennis courts, a climbing wall, a dance studio, access to Tweedies Field and the North Devon Athletics Track. A new multi-usage games area was opened in 2014 supported by Fullabrook and is used by the school as well as being  accessible to local primary schools and to other sports clubs.

Braunton Academy secured £750,000 from the government to build a new library, reception and supported study centre which opened in Spring 2015.

Computing
Computing is any goal-oriented activity that requires, benefits from, or creates computing machinery. It includes the study and experimentation of algorithmic processes, and the development of both hardware and software. Computing encompasses scientific, engineering, mathematical, technological, and social aspects. Major computing disciplines include computer engineering, computer science, cybersecurity, data science, information systems, information technology, and software engineering.

The term computing is also synonymous with counting and calculating. In earlier times, it was used in reference to the action performed by mechanical computing machines, and before that, to human computers.
Klingnau railway station
Klingnau railway station (German: Bahnhof Klingnau) is a railway station in the municipality of Klingnau, in the Swiss canton of Aargau. It is an intermediate stop on the standard gauge Turgi–Koblenz–Waldshut line of Swiss Federal Railways.

Turgi–Koblenz–Waldshut railway line
The Turgi–Koblenz–Waldshut railway line is a railway line in Switzerland. It runs from Turgi in Switzerland via Koblenz to Waldshut in Germany. The Turgi–Koblenz–Waldshut line was the first rail link between Germany and Switzerland. It was opened on 18 August 1859 by the Swiss Northeastern Railway (German: Schweizerische Nordostbahn, NOB).  It provides a connection from the Baden–Brugg line in Turgi to the High Rhine Railway in Waldshut.

Two branch lines were later built to Koblenz station: on 1 August 1876 the Winterthur–Bülach–Koblenz railway line opened via Eglisau and Bülach to Winterthur, and on 1 August 1892 the line opened to Stein-Säckingen, connecting to Basel.
Toxophora
Toxophora is a genus of flies belonging to the family Bombyliidae (bee-flies). There are about 47 described species, distributed throughout the world, although they are most abundant in Southwestern United States and western Mediterranean. They are stout, robust flies with a hunchbacked form, with a body length of 6–12 mm and wings 4 to 7.5mm. Most species are black with banding or spots.

Larvae are parasitoids of solitary wasps and bees, especially in the family Vespidae.

Eugène Séguy
Eugène Séguy (21 April 1890 – 1 June 1985) was a French entomologist and artist who specialised in Diptera. He held a chair of entomology at the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle in Paris from 1956 to 1960. He is also known for establishing the Diptera section at that museum. This entomologist is often confused with a French artist with a similar name: Émile-Allain Séguyfr:Émile-Allain Séguy (1877–1951). The latter is known for his pochoir artworks representing plants.
Boris Palotai
Boris Palotai (née Boris Pollák;  (1904-05-23)23 May 1904 in Nagyvárad, Austria-Hungary (now Oradea, Romania) – 13 September 1983(1983-09-13) (aged 79) in Budapest, Hungary) was a Hungarian writer and poet, and laureate of the József Attila Prize. She was the mother of the director Péter Bacsó, and sister of the artist and writer Erzsi Palotai.

Oradea
Oradea (UK: /ɒˈrɑːdiə/, US: /ɔːˈr-, -djɑː/, Romanian: [oˈrade̯a]; Hungarian: Nagyvárad [ˈnɒɟvaːrɒd]; German: Großwardein [ˌɡʁoːsvaʁˈdaɪn]) is the capital of the Crișana region in Romania. It serves as the administrative centre of Bihor County. The city is situated on both banks of the Crișul Repede River.

As of 2021, Oradea is Romania's ninth most populous city. It is located approximately 10 km (6.2 mi) from the Hungarian border. The municipality covers 11,556 hectares (28,560 acres) and lies between the Apuseni Mountains and the Crișana-Banat plain.

The Oradea Fortress is a historic fortification located within the city, whose origins date back to the 11th century when it served as an episcopal residence and religious centre. Throughout the Middle Ages, the fortress played a strategic role in the border region between Central and Eastern Europe.

The city features Art Nouveau architecture, and is a member of both the Réseau Art Nouveau Network and the Art Nouveau European Route.
Hồ (surname)
Hồ (胡) is a Vietnamese surname. The name is transliterated as Hu in Chinese and Ho in Korean.

Ho is the anglicized variation of the surname Hồ. Not be confused with Ho surname in Chinese.

The Hồ 胡 clan which founded the Hồ dynasty in Vietnam originated in Zhejiang province of China.

He (surname)
He or Ho is the romanized transliteration of several Chinese family names. According to a 2012 survey, 14 million people had Hé (何) listed as their surname, making it the 17th most common surname in Mainland China, a spot it retained in 2019. Hé was listed as the 21st most common surname in the Hundred Family Surnames. A common alternative spelling of the surname is Ho, which is the Mandarin Wade–Giles romanization and the Cantonese romanization of the Chinese family names.

In the Korean language, the equivalent surname is Ha (하). In the Vietnamese language, the equivalent surname is Hà.

Other less common family names that are romanized as He include 河 (Pinyin: Hé), 佫 (Pinyin: Hè), 赫 (Pinyin: Hè), and 和.
Municipality of Waterloo
The Municipality of Waterloo was a local government area of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. The municipality was proclaimed on 16 May 1860 and, with an area of 3.4 square kilometres, included the modern suburbs of Waterloo, Zetland and Rosebery. The suburb of Alexandria was originally included as the Western Ward of the council but seceded as a separate municipality in 1868. After several attempts to amalgamate with various neighbours in the mid-1920s, the council was amalgamated with the City of Sydney, along with most of its neighbours, with the passing of the Local Government (Areas) Act 1948, although parts of the former council area were transferred in 1967 to the City of South Sydney.

Rosebery, New South Wales
Rosebery is an inner southern suburb of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. It is 6 kilometres south of the Sydney central business district and is part of the local government areas of the City of Sydney and the Bayside Council.
1987 Junior Pan American Rhythmic Gymnastics Championships
The 1987 Junior Pan American Rhythmic Gymnastics Championships was held in Barquisimeto, Venezuela. The event was originally scheduled to take place in 1986, but was ultimately held from February 20 to 28, 1987.

Barquisimeto
Barquisimeto is the capital city of Lara and seat of the Iribarren Municipality in Venezuela. Barquisimeto is located in the Central-Western Region. The city is an important urban, industrial, commercial, musical, and transportational center in the country, recognized as the fourth-largest city by population after Caracas, Maracaibo, and Valencia. Barquisimeto is sometimes referred to as the "Music City of Venezuela" due to the large number of musical institutions there. Gustavo Dudamel, the director of the Simón Bolívar Symphony Orchestra and the Los Angeles Philharmonic, was born in the city.
Kettering Foundation
The Kettering Foundation is a US-based non-partisan research foundation founded in 1927 by Charles F. Kettering that works to inspire and connect individuals and organizations to advance thriving and inclusive democracies around the globe. The foundation believes that "all people belong and have the right to engage in and shape a democracy that serves them."

Foundation (nonprofit)
A foundation (also referred to as a charitable foundation) is a type of nonprofit organization or charitable trust that usually provides funding and support to other charitable organizations through grants, while also potentially participating directly in charitable activities. Foundations encompass public charitable foundations, like community foundations, and private foundations, which are often endowed by an individual or family. Nevertheless, the term "foundation" might also be adopted by organizations not primarily engaged in public grantmaking.
Teeswater River
The Teeswater River is a river in the municipalities of Arran–Elderslie, Brockton and South Bruce in Bruce County in Southwestern Ontario, Canada. It is in the Great Lakes Basin and empties into the Saugeen River at Paisley, Ontario.

The community of Teeswater is located on the river.

The river was named after the River Tees in England.

Arran–Elderslie
The Municipality of Arran–Elderslie is a township in Bruce County in Western Ontario, Canada. The township is located at the headwaters of the Sauble River, and the Saugeen River forms the northwestern boundary.

The municipality was formed on January 1, 1999, through the amalgamation of Arran Township, Elderslie Township, Chesley Town, Tara Village, and Paisley Village.
Rice Lake, Dallas and Menomonie Railway
The Rice Lake, Dallas and Menomonie Railway (RLD&M) was a railroad company based in Wisconsin, United States.  It was known locally as "the Blueberry Line" due to the abundance of blueberries along its route.

The RLD&M was chartered on February 9, 1893, and built a 7.52-mile-long (12.10 km) connection from Rice Lake to Cameron; construction began on October 16, and the line began operations on February 22, 1894. In the Summer of 1899, surveyors began work to extend the line from Cameron to Menomonie, with the first surveys taking place on August 23.  Construction continued through Barron in 1900 such that by the end of the year, a second line connecting Barron and Ridgeland was completed.  Ridgeland was as far south as the RLD&M was to reach before its absorption.  The RLD&M was purchased by the Soo Line in 1900,  then was fully absorbed by 1901.

The railroad's president was George Fuller, vice president was George Morehouse Huss and secretary and treasurer was J.E. Horsman.

Menomonie, Wisconsin
Menomonie (/məˈnɒməni/) is a city in and the county seat of Dunn County, Wisconsin, United States. The city's population was 16,843 as of the 2020 census.

Menomonie forms the core of the United States Census Bureau's Menomonie Micropolitan Statistical Area (MSA), which includes all of Dunn County (2020 population: 45,440). The Menomonie MSA and the Eau Claire–Chippewa Falls metropolitan area to the east form the Census Bureau's Eau Claire-Menomonie Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area. Menomonie is home to the University of Wisconsin–Stout, the state's designated polytechnic university which enrolls nearly 7,000 students.

The city center is at the south end of Lake Menomin, a reservoir on the Red Cedar River. The name Menomonie is derived from manoomincode: oji promoted to code: oj , the Ojibwe word for wild rice, and is usually translated as “wild rice people”.
Cassie Berman
Cassie Marie Berman (née Marrett) is an American musician. She was a member of the indie rock band Silver Jews, which was fronted by her husband David Berman. She contributed vocals and occasionally bass to the albums Bright Flight, Tanglewood Numbers, and Lookout Mountain, Lookout Sea. She also played bass and sang backup during live concerts. Berman appeared in the film Silver Jew, which chronicled the band's tour stop in Israel.

In addition, Berman also played bass on the Papa M album Hole of Burning Alms.

Hole of Burning Alms
Hole of Burning Alms is a compilation album by Papa M, a moniker of American multi-instrumentalist David Pajo, collecting various singles and unreleased tracks released between 1995 and 2000. It was released in the United States by Drag City, and in the United Kingdom by the Domino Recording Company.
Shorea inappendiculata
Shorea inappendiculata is a species of plant in the family Dipterocarpaceae. It is a tree native to Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, and Borneo. It was first formally described by Dutch botanist William Burck in 1887. It is threatened by habitat loss.

William Burck
William Burck (4 February 1848 in Monnickendam, the Netherlands – 25 September 1910 in Leiden, the Netherlands) was a Dutch botanist. He obtained a doctorate from Leiden University in 1874. In 1881 he became Assistant Director of the then Buitenzorg Botanical Gardens (now Bogor Botanical Gardens) in Java. He collected a large number of plant specimens from locations including the Padang Highlands of western Sumatra. The genus Burckella is named for him.

He was elected a corresponding member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1885 and resigned in 1903. He was re-admitted as member in 1907.
Salar de Surire Natural Monument
Salar de Surire Natural Monument is a Chilean Natural Monument located in the Andes, in the Arica y Parinacota Region. It consists mainly of a salt flat and a number of small salt lakes, sheltering several Andean species of wildlife and plants. Arintica volcano towers over the salt flat.

The protected area, along with Lauca National Park and Las Vicuñas National Reserve, were designated a World Biosphere Reserve by UNESCO in 1981, which is called Lauca.

Salar de Surire is one of the Ramsar Wetlands of International Importance under the Ramsar Convention signed in 1971.

Natural monument
A natural monument is a natural or cultural feature of outstanding or unique value because of its inherent rarity, representative of aesthetic qualities, or cultural significance. They can be natural geological and geographical features such as waterfalls, cliffs, craters, fossil, sand dunes, rock forms, valleys and coral reefs. Locations important to faith groups may be considered natural monuments. Archeological and historical sites linked to the natural environment are also included, such as cave art. This is especially true when relevant to the land of Indigenous Peoples.