hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Asa Werden
Asa Werden (1779–1866) was a farmer, businessman and political figure in Upper Canada. He represented Prince Edward in the Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada from 1830 to 1834 as a Conservative.

He was born in Stonington, Connecticut, the son of Dr. Isaac Werden. He married Elizabeth Ellsworth. Werden was involved in the manufacture of leather and the timber trade; he also speculated in land. He served in the militia during the War of 1812. In 1821, he was named a justice of the peace for the Midland District. His election in 1830 was declared invalid but he was reelected in a by-election held the following year. He was an unsuccessful candidate in 1835, losing to Charles Bochus. Werden died in Athol Township, Canada West.

Stonington, Connecticut
Stonington is a town located on Long Island Sound in New London County, Connecticut. The municipal limits of the town include the borough of Stonington, the villages of Pawcatuck, Lords Point, and Wequetequock, and the eastern halves of the villages of Mystic and Old Mystic. Stonington is part of the Southeastern Connecticut Planning Region. The population of the town was 18,335 at the 2020 census. The town is home to many restored homes and preserves its long nautical history.
James Bridges
James Bridges (February 3, 1936 – June 6, 1993) was an American screenwriter, film director, producer, and actor. He was a two-time Oscar nominee: once for Best Original Screenplay for The China Syndrome and once for Best Adapted Screenplay for The Paper Chase.

Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay
The Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay is the Academy Award (also known as an Oscar) for the best screenplay not based upon previously published material; writers with "written by", "screenplay" or "story" credits are all collectively recognized as recipients for each nomination.

The category was created in 1940, and has always existed concurrently with the Best Adapted Screenplay category (conversely for films based on pre-existing intellectual properties); originally, it also co-existed with a third writing category, Best Story, which had been active since the original Academy Awards ceremony in 1929; this latter award was meant to reward specifically writers who originated a film's plot and characters rather than those who wrote the dialogue and final screenplay, although Best Story would later be merged into Best Original Screenplay in 1956.
Beatriz Nascimento
Maria Beatriz do Nascimento (12 July 1942 – 28 January 1995), known as Beatriz Nascimento, was an Afro-Brazilian academic and activist. She was an influential participant of the Black Movement of Brazil from its beginnings in the 1960s until her death. Through her academic research, she evaluated the importance of quilombos as autonomous spaces for people of African descent during the colonial period and challenged the political environment and racial policies of the government toward Afro-Brazilians. Her scholarship on the invisibility of black women, and particularly non-Anglo women of the African diaspora had an international impact on research regarding the complexities of the black experience and lack of attention focused on Afro-Latinas in transnational feminism.

Black Hispanic and Latino Americans
Black Hispanic and Latino Americans, also called Afro-Hispanics, Afro-Latinos, Black Hispanics, or Black Latinos, are classified by the United States Census Bureau, Office of Management and Budget, and other U.S. government agencies as Black people living in the United States with ancestry in Latin America or Spain and/or who speak Spanish.

Hispanidad, which is independent of race, is the only ethnic category, as opposed to racial category, which is officially collated by the U.S. Census Bureau. The distinction made by government agencies for those within the population of any official race category, including "Black", is between those who report Hispanic backgrounds and all others who do not. Non-Hispanic Blacks consists of an ethnically diverse collection of all others who are classified as Black or African American that do not report Hispanic ethnic backgrounds.
Generics in Java
Generics are a facility of generic programming that were added to the Java programming language in 2004 within version J2SE 5.0. They were designed to extend Java's type system to allow "a type or method to operate on objects of various types while providing compile-time type safety". The aspect compile-time type safety required that parametrically polymorphic
functions are not implemented in the Java virtual machine, since type safety is impossible in this case.

The Java collections framework supports generics to specify the type of objects stored in a collection instance.

In 1998, Gilad Bracha, Martin Odersky, David Stoutamire and Philip Wadler created Generic Java, an extension to the Java language to support generic types. Generic Java was incorporated in Java with the addition of wildcards.

Philip Wadler
Philip Lee Wadler (born April 8, 1956) is a UK-based American computer scientist known for his contributions to programming language design and type theory. He holds the position of Personal Chair of theoretical computer science at the Laboratory for Foundations of Computer Science at the School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh. He has contributed to the theory behind functional programming and the use of monads; and the designs of the purely functional language Haskell and the XQuery declarative query language. In 1984, he created the Orwell language. Wadler was involved in adding generic types to Java 5.0. He is also author of "Theorems for free!", a paper that gave rise to much research on functional language optimization (see also Parametricity).
Leander Ford
Leander Starr Ford (December 25, 1836 – May 19, 1905) was a carriage manufacturer and political figure in Nova Scotia, Canada. He represented Queen's County in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1878 to 1882 as a Liberal-Conservative member.

He was born in Milton, Nova Scotia and educated there. In 1860, he married Mary Ellen Freeman. Ford was major in the Queen's County militia. He later served as fisheries inspector for the province.

Milton, Nova Scotia
44°3′41″N 64°45′4″W﻿ / ﻿44.06139°N 64.75111°W﻿ / 44.06139; -64.75111

Milton is a community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located immediately north of Liverpool in the Region of Queens Municipality. The village is most well known for being the birthplace of the international best selling author Margaret Marshall Saunders. Her most famous book was Beautiful Joe. In 1994, the Beautiful Joe Heritage Society was formed to celebrate the life and story of Beautiful Joe and the achievements of Margaret Marshall Saunders. The book is set in Meaford, Ontario, where the society has established a park dedicated to Beautiful Joe named Beautiful Joe Park.

As of 2021, the population was 999. The Mersey River, paralleled by Trunk 8, passes directly through Milton.
Sandaire Investment Office
Sandaire Investment Office is an investment office that delivers tailored investment portfolios and solutions for wealthy families and foundations. The firm serves 45 families and manages in excess of £3bn in assets.

The firm, which is based in Marylebone, London, United Kingdom was founded in 1996. In 2012, the company opened an office in Singapore which acts as a hub for its activities in Asia.

Marylebone
Marylebone (usually /ˈmɑːrlɪbən/ MAR-lib-ən, also /ˈmærɪ(lə)bən/ MARR-il-ə-bən, MARR-ib-ən) is an area in London, England, and is located in the City of Westminster. It is in Central London and part of the West End. Oxford Street forms its southern boundary.

An ancient parish and latterly a metropolitan borough, it merged with the boroughs of Westminster and Paddington to form the new City of Westminster in 1965.

Marylebone station lies two miles north-west of Charing Cross.

The area is also served by numerous tube stations: Baker Street, Bond Street, Edgware Road (Bakerloo line), Edgware Road (Circle, District and Hammersmith & City lines), Great Portland Street, Marble Arch, Marylebone, Oxford Circus, and Regent's Park.
39th meridian west from Washington
The 39th meridian west from Washington is an archaic meridian based on the Washington meridian. The meridian is currently used as a boundary for two states.

The first usage of the meridian as a boundary occurred in 1861, when Nevada Territory was created from the western part of Utah Territory. Initially, the eastern boundary of Nevada Territory was set at this meridian. However, in 1862, that boundary was moved a degree east to follow the 38th meridian, and a few years later was moved still further east to the 37th meridian.

The 39th meridian was used again for a boundary in 1864. In that year, the Montana Territory was created from Idaho Territory with the meridian serving as its extreme northwestern boundary. Montana became a state in 1889, with Idaho following the next year.

Montana Territory
The Territory of Montana was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from May 26, 1864, until November 8, 1889, when it was admitted as the 41st state in the Union as the state of Montana.
Rubiah Wang
Rubiah binti Wang (Jawi: رابعة بنت واڠ) is a Malaysian politician who has served as the Deputy Minister of Rural and Regional Development in the Unity Government administration under Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim and Minister Ahmad Zahid Hamidi since December 2022 and the Member of Parliament (MP) for Kota Samarahan since May 2013. She is a member of the Parti Pesaka Bumiputera Bersatu (PBB), a component party of the Gabungan Parti Sarawak (GRS) and formerly Barisan Nasional (BN) coalition.

Gabungan Parti Sarawak
The Gabungan Parti Sarawak (abbrev: GPS; English: Sarawak Parties Alliance) is a Sarawak-based political alliance in Malaysia. It was established in 2018 by four former Barisan Nasional (BN) component parties operating solely in Sarawak following the federal coalition's defeat in the 2018 Malaysian general election. It is currently the fourth largest political coalition with 23 seats in the Dewan Rakyat and forms the government in the state of Sarawak.
Kolwezi Solar Power Station
The Kolwezi Solar Power Station is a proposed 100 MW (130,000 hp) solar power plant in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The power station is under development by a number of independent power producers and international financial institutions. The energy from this solar farm will be sold to the Société Nationale d'Électricité (SNEL), the national electricity utility company.

Independent power producer
An independent power producer (IPP) or non-utility generator (NUG) is an entity that is not a public utility but owns facilities to generate electric power for sale to utilities and end users. NUGs may be privately held facilities, corporations, cooperatives such as rural solar or wind energy producers, and non-energy industrial concerns capable of feeding excess energy into the system.

An independent water and power producer (IWPP) is similar to an IPP, but with a unified process to also output usable treated water.
Paulet High School
Paulet High School is a mixed secondary school and sixth form located in the Stapenhill area of Burton on Trent, Staffordshire, England.

Previously a community school administered by Staffordshire County Council, in February 2020 Paulet High School converted to academy status. The school is now sponsored by the John Taylor MAT.

Staffordshire County Council
Staffordshire County Council is the upper-tier local authority for the non-metropolitan county of Staffordshire, England. The non-metropolitan county is smaller than the ceremonial county, which additionally includes Stoke-on-Trent.

The council has been under Reform majority control since 2025. It meets at County Buildings in Stafford and has its main offices nearby at Staffordshire Place on Tipping Street.
North Shore Studios
North Shore Studios, formerly Lions Gate Studios, is a film studio located in North Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, previously owned by Lions Gate Entertainment, or simply Lionsgate, until it was acquired by Bosa Development in 2006.

There are 8 stages totaling 132,435 square feet ranging from 11,000 to 20,000 square feet as well as streetscape. There is also 100,000 square feet of office space.

North Vancouver (district municipality)
The District of North Vancouver is a district municipality in British Columbia, Canada, situated north of the city of Vancouver across the Burrard Inlet. It surrounds the respective City of North Vancouver on three sides, and the remaining fellow North Shore municipality of West Vancouver on the other, and is part of the Metro Vancouver Regional District.

It is largely characterized as a relatively quiet, affluent suburban hub home to many middle and upper-middle-class families. Homes in the District of North Vancouver generally range from mid-sized family bungalows to very large luxury houses. A number of dense multi-family and mixed-use developments have popped up across the district in recent years; however, the district remains a primarily suburban municipality. It is served by the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, British Columbia Ambulance Service, and the District of North Vancouver Fire Department.
Ethnic groups in Bhutan
Numerous ethnic groups inhabit Bhutan, with the Ngalop people who speak the Dzongkha language being a majority of the Bhutanese population. The Bhutanese are of four main ethnic categories, which themselves are not necessarily exclusive – the politically and culturally dominant Ngalop of western and northern Bhutan, the Sharchop of eastern Bhutan, the Lhotshampa concentrated in southern Bhutan, and Bhutanese tribal and aboriginal peoples living in villages scattered throughout Bhutan.

Dzongkha
Dzongkha (རྫོང་ཁ་ [d͡zòŋkʰɑ́]), also known by its exonym Bhutanese, is a Tibeto-Burman language in the Sino-Tibetan language family that is primarily spoken by the Bhutanese people. It is the official and national language of Bhutan, and is written using the Tibetan script.

The word dzongkha means "the language of the fortress", from dzong "fortress" and kha "language". As of 2013, Dzongkha had 171,080 native speakers and about 640,000 total speakers.

Dzongkha is a South Tibetic language. It is closely related to Laya and Lunana and partially intelligible with Sikkimese, and to some other Bhutanese languages such as Chocha Ngacha, Brokpa, Brokkat and Lakha. It has a more distant relationship to Standard Tibetan.
J. D. Holman House
The J. D. Holman House is a historic residence in Ozark, Alabama, United States. One of the most elaborate Neoclassical homes in the Wiregrass Region, it was built in 1912–13 for Jesse DeCosta Holman, a prominent local merchant. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

Wiregrass (region)
The Wiregrass region, also known as the Wiregrass plains or Wiregrass country, is an area of the Southern United States encompassing parts of southern Georgia, southeastern Alabama, and the Florida Panhandle.  The region is named for the native Aristida stricta, commonly known as wiregrass due to its texture.
1911 Cisleithanian legislative election in the Czech lands
Legislative elections to elect members of the Cisleithanian Imperial Council were held in the Czech lands over several days in June and July 1911.
The Czech lands (Kingdom of Bohemia, Margraviate of Moravia and the Duchy of Upper and Lower Silesia) elected 194 out of the 516 seats in the Imperial Council.

This was the second election under universal male suffrage and it was won by the Czechoslavonic Agrarian Party (the German Agrarian Party was also successful). Czech National Social Party and other German nationalist parties also gained support; by contrast the election meant losses for Catholic parties.

The election was the last before the dissolution of the empire as a result of World War I. In 1918, the election result was used as a key to the composition of the Revolutionary National Assembly, the provisional parliament of Czechoslovakia up to the 1920 election.

Catholic Church and politics
The Catholic Church and politics concerns the interplay of Catholicism with religious, and later secular, politics.

The Catholic Church's views and teachings have evolved over its history and have at times been significant political influences within nations.
Northeastern Region, Venezuela
The Northeastern Region (Spanish: Región Nor Oriental) is one of the nine administrative regions of Venezuela. It comprises the states of Anzoátegui, Monagas, and Sucre.

The Caribbean Sea forms the region's northern boundary. The other regions which it borders are the Capital Region to the northwest, the Llanos Region to the west, and the Guayana Region to the south and east.

Anzoátegui
Anzoátegui State (Spanish: Estado Anzoátegui, IPA: [esˈtaðo ansoˈateɣi]) is one of the 23 states of Venezuela, located in the northeastern region of the country. Anzoátegui is well known for its beaches that attract many visitors. Its coast consists of a single beach approximately 100 km (62 mi) long. Its capital is the city of Barcelona, and significant cities include Puerto la Cruz and El Tigre.
2013 China Masters Super Series
The 2013 China Masters Super Series will be the seventh super series tournament of the 2013 BWF Super Series. The tournament will be held in Changzhou, China from 10–15 September 2013 and will have a total purse of $250,000.

Kim Ha-na
Kim Ha-na (Korean: 김하나; pronounced [kim.ɦa.na] or [kim] [ha.na]; born 27 December 1989) is a South Korean badminton player. She was the mixed doubles gold medalist at the 2013 Asian Championships, and was part of the national team that won the Sudirman Cup in 2017. Kim won her first Superseries title at the 2012 India Open in the women's doubles event. She reached a career high of world no. 1 in the mixed doubles in September 2016.
Coast Unified School District
Coast Unified School District is located on the Central Coast of the US state of California in the community of Cambria. The district consists of one K-5 elementary school, one 6–8 middle school, one traditional 9–12 high school and one alternative high school. There are approximately 500 students enrolled K-12.

It includes Cambria and San Simeon (to the north of Cambria) for grades PK-12, and almost all of Cayucos (to the south) for grades 9-12 only. It also includes surrounding rural areas.

Cambria, California
Cambria (/ˈkæmbriə/) is a coastal town in San Luis Obispo County, California, United States midway between San Francisco and Los Angeles along California State Route 1 (Highway 1). The name Cambria, chosen in 1869, is the Latin name for Wales (Welsh, Cymru). Cambria is situated amidst Monterey pines in one of only three such native forests. The town previously had gone by the names of Slabtown, Rosaville, San Simeon, and Santa Rosa.

For statistical purposes, the United States Census Bureau has defined the unincorporated community as a census-designated place (CDP). The CDP of Cambria had a population of 5,678 at the 2020 census, down from 6,032 at the 2010 census.
James A. Barlow
James A. Barlow Jr. (September 4, 1923 – January 2, 2015) was an American geologist and politician.

Born in Englewood, New Jersey, he served in the United States Navy during World War II. He received his bachelor's degree from Middlebury College and his master's and doctorate degrees from University of Wyoming. He worked for several oil companies and then had his own business. From 1960 to 1966, Barlow served on the Casper, Wyoming city council and then was the mayor from 1966 to 1968. From 1983 to 1987, Barlow served in the Wyoming House of Representatives as a Republican. He died in Jackson Hole, Wyoming.

Casper, Wyoming
Casper is a city in, and the county seat of, Natrona County, Wyoming, United States. Casper is the second-most populous city in the state after Cheyenne, with the population at 59,038 as of the 2020 census. Casper is nicknamed "The Oil City" and has a long history of oil boomtown and cowboy culture, dating back to the development of the nearby Salt Creek Oil Field.

Casper is located in east central Wyoming on the North Platte River.
Thamsanqa Sangweni
Thamsanqa Sangweni (born 26 May 1989 in Empangeni, KwaZulu-Natal) is a South African football (soccer) midfielder who last played for TS Sporting.

He is the younger brother of former Orlando Pirates player Siyabonga Sangweni.

Empangeni
Empangeni is a town in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. It is approximately 157 kilometres north of Durban, in hilly countryside, overlooking a flat coastal plain and the major harbour town of Richards Bay 16 kilometres away. The N2 freeway runs east from Empangeni intersecting John Ross Highway (R34) which connects Empangeni and Richards Bay.

The climate is sub-tropical with an average temperature of 28.4 °C in summer and 14.5 °C in Winter. The town is said, by local residents, to not have a real winter, as temperatures are seldom very low.
2019–20 NCAA Division I women's basketball season
The 2019–20 NCAA Division I women's basketball season began in November 2019 and concluded prematurely on March 12, 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The 2020 NCAA Division I women's basketball tournament was scheduled to end at Smoothie King Center in New Orleans, Louisiana on April 5, 2020, but was ultimately canceled. All other postseason tournaments were canceled as well. It was the first cancellation in the history of the NCAA Division I women's basketball tournament. Practices officially began in late September 2019.

On December 31, 2020, South Carolina raised a banner recognizing a claim to a national championship for finishing first in the two major polls.

Kansas City Roos
The Kansas City Roos, known before July 1, 2019, as the UMKC Kangaroos and also sometimes called the Kansas City Kangaroos, are the intercollegiate teams representing the University of Missouri–Kansas City that compete in the National Collegiate Athletic Association's Division I. The Roos formerly competed in the Western Athletic Conference (WAC) but, as of July 1, 2020 the Kansas City Roos became members of the Summit League in all 14 varsity sports.
Flowing Home
Flowing Home (Vietnamese: Như một dòng sông) is a Canadian animated short film, directed by Sandra Desmazières and released in 2021. The film tells the story of two sisters in Vietnam who are separated during the Vietnam War, and not reunited for 20 years.

The film was shortlisted for the Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film but was not nominated. It also received a Canadian Screen Award nomination for Best Animated Short at the 10th Canadian Screen Awards in 2022.

10th Canadian Screen Awards
The 10th Canadian Screen Awards were presented by the Academy of Canadian Cinema and Television from 4–10 April 2022 to honour achievements in Canadian film, television, and digital media production in 2021. The presentations were held as a series of virtual events due to the COVID-19 pandemic, with awards in top categories presented via a CBC Television special on 10 April 2022 hosted by comedy troupe TallBoyz.

Nominations were announced on 15 February. In film, the top nominees were Scarborough and Night Raiders, with 11 nods apiece, while in television the series Sort Of was the leader with 13 nominations. Scarborough and Transplant were tied for most-awarded film and television series, with both receiving 8 awards (including Best Motion Picture and Best Dramatic Series respectively).