hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fisenne
Fisenne (French pronunciation: [fizɛn]) is a village of Wallonia in the municipality of Érezée, district of Soy, located in the province of Luxembourg, Belgium.

Fisenne contains a medieval fortified farm, Château-ferme de Fisenne, dating from the 12th century and originally part of the estate of the prince-bishop of the abbey of Stavelot. The chapel of the village dates from 1713. The village mill traces its origins to 1314, and was constructed by the lords of Durbuy. A 16th-century altarpiece originally located in the village church is today on display in the Gaspar Museum in Arlon.

Durbuy
Durbuy (French pronunciation: [dyʁ.bɥi] ⓘ; Walloon: Derbu) is a city and municipality of Wallonia located in the province of Luxembourg, Belgium.

The total area is 156.61 km2, consisting of the following districts: Barvaux, Bende, Bomal, Borlon, Durbuy, Grandhan, Heyd, Izier, Septon, Tohogne, Villers-Sainte-Gertrude, and Wéris.

On 1 January 2018 the municipality had 11,374 inhabitants with the most populous town of the municipality being Barvaux. Durbuy, for commercial reasons, often calls itself the world's smallest city, although Belgium's official smallest city, since 2006, is Mesen.
K. Ramasubbu
K. Ramasubbu (born 30 May 1911, date of death unknown) was an Indian politician who was a member of the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly.

Ramasubbu was born in Palayamkottai, Tirunelveli district on 30 May 1911. He had school education at St. Xavier's Higher Secondary School, Palayamkottai. He studied at The Madurai Diraviyam Thayumanavar Hindu College in Tirunelveli Pettai and the Presidency College in Chennai. He was also the district functionary of the Indian National Congress Party and held several key positions in the Tirunelveli district administration. He contested and won assembly elections of Kadampur Assembly constituency in the year 1957.

Presidency College, Chennai
Presidency College is an art, commerce, and science college in the city of Chennai in Tamil Nadu, India. On 16 October 1840, this school was established as the Madras Preparatory School before being repurposed as a high school, and then a graduate college. The Presidency College is one of the oldest government arts colleges in India. It is one of two Presidency Colleges established by the British in India, the other being the Presidency College, Kolkata.
Mercimekkale Mound
Mercimekkale Mound (Turkish: Mercimekkale Höyüğü); is an archaeological site located 22 km north of Muş city center. The mound is on the east bank of the Murat River. It is located within the borders of Mercimekkale.

There is a castle belonging to the Eastern Roman Empire (Byzantine) period in the mound. The castle was built for communication, mail, observation purposes. Today, the site is completely covered with soil.  There is more than one mound around Mercimekkale mound. Mounds are directly related to the Hurrians and Urartians.

For the first time, it was declared a first degree protected area with the decision of the Van Cultural Heritage Preservation Board on June 27, 1990.

Urartu
Urartu was an Iron Age kingdom centered around the Armenian highlands between Lake Van, Lake Urmia, and Lake Sevan. The territory of the ancient kingdom of Urartu extended over the modern frontiers of Turkey, Iran, Iraq, Armenia, the southern regions of Georgia, and western regions of Azerbaijan. Its kings left behind cuneiform inscriptions in the Urartian language, a member of the Hurro-Urartian language family.

The kingdom emerged in the mid-9th century BC and dominated the Armenian highlands in the 8th and 7th centuries BC. Urartu frequently warred with Assyria and became, for a time, the most powerful state in the Near East. Weakened by constant conflict, it was eventually conquered, either by the Iranian Medes in the early 6th century BC or by Cyrus the Great in the middle of the 6th century BC. Archaeologically, it is noted for its large fortresses and sophisticated metalwork.
John Burgess (priest)
John Edward Burgess (9 December 1930 – 9 March 2019) was an Anglican priest who was Archdeacon of Bath from 1975 to 1995.

Burgess was educated at Surbiton County Grammar School and  the University of London. After six years working for Shell he went to the London School of Theology. He was ordained deacon in 1957 and priest in 1958 and then served curacies at St Mary Magdalen Bermondsey (1957–60) and St Mary's Church, Southampton (1960–62). He was Vicar of Coppenhall from 1962 to 1967; and then of Keynsham until his appointment as Archdeacon.

Burgess was married to Jonquil. He died on 9 March 2019, at the age of 88.

St Mary Magdalen Bermondsey
St Mary Magdalen Bermondsey is an Anglican church dedicated to St Mary Magdalen in Bermondsey in the London Borough of Southwark. The majority of the present building is late 17th century and is Grade II* listed.

Its parish extends as far as the Thames (including the south tower of Tower Bridge, City Hall and part of London Bridge station). The parishes of St Olave Tooley Street, St Luke Grange Road and St John Horsleydown have all been merged into it.
Soil carbon sponge
Soil carbon sponge (or soil sponge) is porous, well-aggregated soil in good health, better able to absorb and retain water. Australian microbiologist and climatologist, Walter Jehne, articulated the concept of the soil carbon sponge in his 2017 paper, Regenerate Earth, connecting soil carbon with a restored water cycle able to induce planetary cooling through evaporative cooling and higher reflectance of denser green vegetation. Cooling from increased cloud formation is another benefit of soil regeneration anticipated by Jehne.

A soil carbon sponge has densities much lighter (1 gram/cc) as compared to the parent mineral soil (2.6–3.5 grams/cc).

Intensive farming practices that leave bare soils, cultivate extensively, apply water-needy fertilizers and biocides and extensively irrigate have accelerated the oxidation of soil carbon as CO2. These oxidative practices reduce the depth and function of soil carbon sponges. Soil carbon sponges can be negatively affected by fire and flooding.

Infiltration (hydrology)
Infiltration is the process by which water on the ground surface enters the soil. It is commonly used in both hydrology and soil sciences. The infiltration capacity is defined as the maximum rate of infiltration. It is most often measured in meters per day but can also be measured in other units of distance over time if necessary.  The infiltration capacity decreases as the soil moisture content of soils surface layers increases. If the precipitation rate exceeds the infiltration rate, runoff will usually occur unless there is some physical barrier.

Infiltrometers, parameters and rainfall simulators are all devices that can be used to measure infiltration rates.

Infiltration is caused by multiple factors including; gravity, capillary forces, absorption, and osmosis. Many soil characteristics can also play a role in determining the rate at which infiltration occurs. When it rains, excess water can drain through the soil at macropores.
Marquis of San Sperate
Marquis of San Sperate is a title granted in 1749 by Charles Emmanuel III of Savoy, king of Sardinia, to Sardinian judge and nobleman Joseph Cadello (in Italian: Giuseppe Cadello). It has passed afterwards to the house Ripoll and eventually to Sanjusts.

Title
A title is one or more words used before or after a person's name, in certain contexts. It may signify their generation, official position, military rank, professional or academic qualification, or nobility. In some languages, titles may be inserted between the first and last name (for example, Graf in German or clerical titles such as Cardinal in Catholic usage – Richard Cardinal Cushing). Some titles are hereditary.
Semisimple operator
In mathematics, a linear operator T : V → V on a vector space V is semisimple if every T-invariant subspace has a  complementary T-invariant subspace. If T is a semisimple linear operator on V, then V is a semisimple representation of T. Equivalently, a linear operator is semisimple if its minimal polynomial  is a product of distinct irreducible polynomials.

A linear operator on a finite-dimensional vector space over an algebraically closed field is semisimple if and only if it is diagonalizable.

Over a perfect field, the Jordan–Chevalley decomposition expresses an endomorphism  as a sum of a semisimple endomorphism s and a nilpotent endomorphism n such that both s and n are polynomials in x.

Algebraically closed field
In mathematics, a field F is algebraically closed if every non-constant polynomial with coefficients in F has a root in F. In other words, a field is algebraically closed if the fundamental theorem of algebra holds for it.  For example, the field of real numbers is not algebraically closed because the polynomial  has no real roots, while the field of complex numbers is algebraically closed.

Every field  is contained in an algebraically closed field  and the roots in  of the polynomials with coefficients in  form an algebraically closed field called an algebraic closure of  Given two algebraic closures of  there are isomorphisms between them that fix the elements of

Algebraically closed fields appear in the following chain of class inclusions:

rngs ⊃ rings ⊃ commutative rings ⊃  integral domains ⊃ integrally closed domains ⊃ GCD domains ⊃ unique factorization domains ⊃ principal ideal domains ⊃ euclidean domains ⊃ fields ⊃ algebraically closed fields
Zaha Hadid Architects
Zaha Hadid Architects is a British architecture and design firm founded by renowned architect Zaha Hadid (1950–2016), with its main office situated in Clerkenwell, London.  After the death of "starchitect" Hadid, Patrik Schumacher became head of the firm. At the time with a staff of 400, with 36 projects across 21 countries.

In the early 2020s, the firm designed a virtual city, Liberland Metaverse, based on the Liberland micronation and hosted on the Metaverse platform.  The firm had in the 2020s turned to artificial intelligence to help in the design of workplaces; the firm created a dedicated internal unit called ZHAI (Zaha Hadid Analytics + Insights) to address AI utilization, something uncommon among peer firms.

Riverside Museum
The Riverside Museum (replacing the preceding Glasgow Museum of Transport) is a museum in the Partick area of Glasgow, Scotland,  housed in a building designed by Zaha Hadid Architects, with its River Clyde frontage at the new Pointhouse Quay. It forms part of the Glasgow Harbour regeneration project.  The building opened in June 2011, winning the 2013 European Museum of the Year Award. It houses many exhibits of national and international importance. The Govan–Partick Bridge, which provides a pedestrian and cycle path link from the museum across the Clyde to Govan, opened in 2024.
John of Lusignan
John of Lusignan (French: Jean de Lusignan; 1329-1330, c. 1329 or 1329/1330 – 1375) was a Regent of the Kingdom of Cyprus and later Constable of Cyprus and titular Prince of Antioch in 1345. He was son of King Hugh IV of Cyprus and his second wife Alice of Ibelin. He was a member of the House of Lusignan.

Prince of Antioch
Prince of Antioch was the title given during the Middle Ages to Norman rulers of the Principality of Antioch, a region surrounding the city of Antioch, now known as Antakya in Turkey. The Princes originally came from the County of Sicily in Southern Italy. After 1130 and until 1816 this county was known as the Kingdom of Sicily. Prince Bohemond IV of Antioch additionally came into possession of the County of Tripoli, combining these two Crusader states for the rest of their histories.

Antioch had been the chief city of the region since the time of the Roman Empire. When the Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt drove out the knights in 1268, they largely destroyed the city to deny access to the region in case the Crusaders returned.
Clive Schlee
Clive Edward Benedict Schlee (born March 1959) is a British businessman, and was CEO of the UK fast food chain Pret a Manger from 2003 to 2019. He is connected to several companies, including Itsu, Action Rock, and Shire Cape.

He is presently the Chairman of the Governors of Woodbridge School and the Seckford Foundation.

Seckford Trust
The Seckford Trust (or Seckford Foundation) is a charitable trust founded in the 16th century by Thomas Seckford that remains active to this day. The trust is based in and operates in the area of Woodbridge, Suffolk.

The trust operates Woodbridge School, a co-educational boarding school founded in 1577 with 725 students of ages four through eighteen.

It also operates the Seckford Almshouses, the Deben Family Centre, and other facilities, and gives grants to needy individuals and deserving organizations.

In 2006, it opened a theatre within the grounds of Woodbridge school, called the Seckford Theatre.
Colonus (spider)
Colonus is a genus of spiders in the jumping spider family, Salticidae. Colonus species are endemic to North and South America, ranging from New York to Argentina. All members of the genus have two pairs of bulbous spines on the ventral side of the first tibiae. The function of these spines is unknown. Colonus was declared a junior synonym of Thiodina by Eugène Simon in 1903, but this was reversed by Bustamante, Maddison, and Ruiz in 2015.

Spider anatomy
The anatomy of spiders includes many characteristics shared with other arachnids. These characteristics include bodies divided into two tagmata (sections or segments), eight jointed legs, no wings or antennae, the presence of chelicerae and pedipalps, simple eyes, and an exoskeleton, which is periodically shed.

Spiders also have several adaptations that distinguish them from other arachnids. All spiders are capable of producing silk of various types, which many species use to build webs to ensnare prey. Most spiders possess venom, which is injected into prey (or defensively, when the spider feels threatened) through the fangs of the chelicerae. Male spiders have specialized pedipalps that are used to transfer sperm to the female during mating. Many species of spiders exhibit a great deal of sexual dimorphism.
Teddy Smith
Theodore Smith (January 22, 1932, in Washington, D.C.—August 24, 1979, in Washington, D.C.) was an American jazz double-bassist.

Smith played with Betty Carter in 1960, and with Clifford Jordan (with whom he recorded the LP Bearcat in 1962) and Kenny Dorham in 1961-62. In 1962-63 he played with Jackie McLean and Slide Hampton. Following this he played with Horace Silver, including at the 1964 Montreux, Antibes, and Paris jazz festivals and on the album Song for My Father. Following this Smith played with Sonny Rollins (1964–65) and Sonny Simmons (1966).

Smith's performance on the title track of Song for My Father, beginning with the opening unison figure between Smith's bass and Silver's piano, has been one of the most widely heard pieces of jazz music in the world for nearly a half-century and an influence on such artists as Stevie Wonder and Steely Dan.

Betty Carter
Betty Carter (born Lillie Mae Jones; May 16, 1929 – September 26, 1998) was an American jazz singer known for her improvisational technique, scatting and other complex musical abilities that demonstrated her vocal talent and imaginative interpretation of lyrics and melodies. Vocalist Carmen McRae once remarked: "There's really only one jazz singer—only one: Betty Carter.": xiv
1990 All-SEC football team
The 1990 All-SEC football team consists of American football players selected to the All-Southeastern Conference (SEC) chosen by various selectors for the 1990 NCAA Division I-A football season. The Florida Gators posted the best conference record, but were ineligible for an SEC title due to NCAA probation. Thus the Tennessee Volunteers won the conference. Florida quarterback Shane Matthews was voted SEC Player of the Year.

1990 Florida Gators football team
The 1990 Florida Gators football team represented the University of Florida during the 1990 NCAA Division I-A football season. The season  marked the return of the Gators' Heisman Trophy-winning quarterback Steve Spurrier to his alma mater as the new head coach of the Florida Gators football team.

Spurrier's 1990 Florida Gators, while ineligible to win the SEC title or receive a bowl bid because of lingering NCAA probation, nevertheless posted a best-in-the-SEC record of 6–1 and an overall record of 9–2, and laid the foundation for the Gators' run of six SEC championships and a national title during the next decade.  They finished thirteenth in the season's final AP Poll.
Bernhard Berthelsen
Bernhard Berthelsen (16 March 1897  – 25 August 1964) was a Norwegian politician for the Liberal Party.

Berthelsen was born in Sør-Audnedal.  He was elected to the Norwegian Parliament from the Market towns of Telemark and Aust-Agder counties in 1945, and was re-elected on one occasion.

Berthelsen was a deputy member of the executive committee of Arendal city council from 1934 to 1940. He then sat as a regular city council member in the periods 1940–1944 and 1945–1946. He was later a member of Bergen city council during the term 1955–1959.

Arendal
Arendal (Urban East Norwegian pronunciation: [ˈɑ̂ːɳɖɑːɫ] ⓘ) is a municipality in Agder county in southeastern Norway. Arendal belongs to the region of Sørlandet. The administrative centre of the municipality is the city of Arendal (which is also the seat of Agder county). Some of the notable villages in Arendal include Rykene, Eydehavn, Færvik, Strengereid, Kongshavn, Kilsund, Brattekleiv, Torsbudalen, Longum, Saltrød, Staubø, Vrengen, and Kolbjørnsvik. The offices of UNEP/GRID-Arendal are also located in the city of Arendal.

The 270-square-kilometre (100 sq mi) municipality is the 273rd largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Arendal is the 24th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 45,891. The municipality's population density is 179.9 inhabitants per square kilometre (466/sq mi) and its population has increased by 5.9% over the previous 10-year period.
Steve Belles
Steve Belles (born November 21, 1966) is an American former professional football quarterback who played for the Arizona Rattlers of the Arena Football League (AFL). He subsequently became a high school football coach in Arizona, amassing five state championships at Hamilton High School in Chandler. He played college football at Notre Dame.

Arizona Rattlers
The Arizona Rattlers are a professional indoor American football team based in the Phoenix metropolitan area that competes in the Indoor Football League (IFL). The Rattlers were founded in 1992 as an expansion team in the Arena Football League and were the third oldest active franchise in the AFL until their departure in 2016. They play their home games at Desert Diamond Arena in Glendale. They previously played at Footprint Center in downtown Phoenix.

The Rattlers are led by head coach Kevin Guy. Since the team's establishment in 1992, the Rattlers have won ten division titles and have played in nine ArenaBowl Championship games, winning championships in 1994, 1997, 2012, 2013, 2014. The Rattlers also won the 2017 United Bowl in their first season in the IFL.

It is believed that the Rattlers are the longest-tenured, continuously-active indoor/arena team in the game's history being active for over 30 years (not counting the COVID-19 pandemic season cancelation in 2020).
Costa da Caparica
Costa da Caparica (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈkɔʃtɐ ðɐ kɐpɐˈɾikɐ]) is a Portuguese city and civil parish, located in the municipality of Almada along the western coast of the district of Setúbal. The total population in 2011 was 13,418, in an area of 10.18 km2. Since 9 December 2004, the Costa da Caparica has been designated as cidade (city or town) within the urban hierarchy of Portugal.

Concelho
Concelho (Portuguese: [kõˈseʎu]) is the Portuguese-language term for municipality, referring to the territorial subdivision in local government. In comparison, the word município ([muniˈsipiu]) refers to the organs of State. This differentiation is still in use in Portugal and some of its former overseas provinces, but is no longer in use in Brazil following the abolition of these organs, in favour of the French prefecture system. It is similar to borough and council.
1979 Danish 1st Division
The 1979 Danish 1st Division season was the 34th season of the Danish 1st Division league championship, governed by the Danish Football Association. It constituted the 66th edition of the Danish football championship, and saw Esbjerg fB win the championship title.

The Danish champions qualified for the European Cup 1980-81, while the second placed teams qualified for the UEFA Cup 1980-81. The three lowest placed teams of the tournament were directly relegated to the Danish 2nd Division for the following season. Likewise, the Danish 2nd Division champions and two first runners-up were promoted to the 1st Division.

1980–81 European Cup
The 1980–81 European Cup was the 26th season of the European Cup, UEFA's premier club football competition. The tournament was won for a third time by Liverpool, who beat six-time champions Real Madrid in the final. In the 11 seasons up to and including this one, there were only four winners of the European Cup (Ajax, Bayern Munich, Nottingham Forest and Liverpool), but there were eleven different runners-up. This sequence was ended the following year, when Bayern Munich lost to first-time finalists Aston Villa.

Nottingham Forest, the defending champions, were eliminated by CSKA Sofia in the first round.
Filip Videnov
Filip Aleksandrov Videnov (born 12 June 1980) is a Bulgarian retired professional basketball player who last played for Beroe of the NBL. He was also a longtime member of the Bulgarian men's national team.

Videnov played college basketball in the United States at Western Kentucky University.  He played high school basketball at Washington College Academy in Limestone, Tennessee.

National Basketball League (Bulgaria)
The National Basketball League (NBL) (in Bulgarian: Националната баскетболна лига) is the highest-level professional basketball league in Bulgaria. The current league was founded in 2008, though the first-tier level existed since 1942 and was previously called the Bulgarian A Division. The games in the NBL are played under FIBA rules.

The most successful team in NBL history is PBC Academic, which has won 26 national titles.
Lake Leon (Texas)
Lake Leon is located in Eastland County and was created by the State Board of Water Engineers by impounding the Leon River. In reference to Abilene, Texas with a population of around 125,000, it is 68 miles (109 kilometers) east, and in reference to Eastland, Texas with a population of around 4,000, it is 10 miles (16 kilometers) southeast. Lake Leon is found in the Brazos River and in the Cross Timbers ecoregion, more specifically the Cross Timbers Grand Prairie ecoregion.

Brazos River
The Brazos River (/ˈbræzəs/ ⓘ BRAZ-əs, Spanish: [ˈbɾasos]), called the Río de los Brazos de Dios (translated as "The River of the Arms of God") by early Spanish explorers, is the 14th-longest river in the United States at 1,280 miles (2,060 km) from its headwater source at the head of Blackwater Draw, Roosevelt County, New Mexico to its mouth at the Gulf of Mexico with a 45,000-square-mile (116,000 km2) drainage basin.

The river is closely associated with Texas history, particularly the Austin settlement and Texas Revolution eras. Today major Texas institutions such as Texas Tech University, Baylor University, and Texas A&M University are located close to the river's basin, as are parts of metropolitan Houston.