hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gina M. Benavides
Georgina "Gina" Martinez Benavides (born December 6, 1962) is an American attorney who served as a justice of the Texas Thirteenth Court of Appeals based in Corpus Christi and Edinburg.  She was first elected in 2006, and re-elected in 2012 and 2018. Benavides sought election to the Thirteenth Court's Chief Justice position in 2024, and retired from the court after losing to the Republican candidate. Benavides is a member of the Democratic Party and resides in McAllen, Texas.

Edinburg, Texas
Edinburg (/ˈɛdɪnbɜːrɡ/ ED-in-burg) is a city in and the county seat of Hidalgo County, Texas, United States. The population was 100,243 at the 2020 census, and in 2022, its estimated population was 104,294, making it the second-largest city in Hidalgo County, and the third-largest city in the larger Rio Grande Valley region.

Edinburg is part of the McAllen–Edinburg–Mission and Reynosa–McAllen metropolitan areas. Edinburg is home to the main campus of University of Texas Rio Grande Valley.
Mac Otten
Mac William Otten (December 16, 1925 – December 26, 2015) was an American professional basketball player. Otten was selected in the third round in the 1949 BAA Draft by the Indianapolis Jets. He played for the Tri-Cities Blackhawks in 1949–50 before being traded to the St. Louis Bombers that season. He ended his BAA/NBA career playing for the Bombers.

Mac Otten is also the brother of Don Otten, another former NBA player. He and Don also became the first pair of brothers to play together for a single team in the NBA with the Blackhawks.

Indianapolis Jets
The Indianapolis Jets were a Basketball Association of America (BAA) team based in Indianapolis. They were founded as the Indianapolis Kautskys and used that name until the team joined the BAA. They played for one year in the BAA and then ceased operations due to the formation of the Indianapolis Olympians.
St Andrew's Academy, North Ayrshire
55°38′28″N 4°47′20″W﻿ / ﻿55.641°N 4.789°W﻿ / 55.641; -4.789

St Andrew's Academy was a Roman Catholic secondary school from 1971 to 2007 in the seaside town of Saltcoats, North Ayrshire, Scotland. It was named after the patron saint of Scotland, Saint Andrew.

North Ayrshire
North Ayrshire (Scottish Gaelic: Siorrachd Àir a Tuath, pronounced [ˈʃirˠəxk aːɾʲ ə ˈt̪ʰuə]) is one of 32 council areas in Scotland. The council area borders Inverclyde to the north, Renfrewshire and East Renfrewshire to the northeast, and East Ayrshire and South Ayrshire to the east and south respectively. The local authority is North Ayrshire Council, formed in 1996 with the same boundaries as the district of Cunninghame, which existed from 1975 to 1996.

Located in the west central Lowlands with the Firth of Clyde to its west, the council area covers the northern portion of the historic county of Ayrshire, in addition to the islands of Arran and The Cumbraes from the historic county of Buteshire. North Ayrshire had an estimated population of 134,010 in 2024. Its largest towns are Irvine and Kilwinning. From 1975 to 1996 under the name Cunninghame it was one of nineteen local government districts in the Strathclyde region.
Notozomus maurophila
Notozomus maurophila is a species of schizomid arachnid (commonly known as short-tailed whip-scorpions) in the Hubbardiidae family. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 2000 by Australian arachnologist Mark Harvey. The specific epithet maurophila, from Greek mauros (‘dark’) and phila (‘fondness’), refers to the proximity of the type locality to Black Mountain.

Schizomida
Schizomida, also known as sprickets or short-tailed whip-scorpions, is an order of arachnids, generally less than 5 millimetres (0.20 in) in length. The order is not yet widely studied. E. O. Wilson has identified schizomids as among the "groups of organisms that desperately need experts to work on them."
2018 in paleoichthyology
Paleontology portal

History of science portal

This list of fossil fish described in 2018 is a list of new taxa of jawless vertebrates, placoderms, acanthodians, fossil cartilaginous fish, bony fish, and other fish of every kind described during the year 2018, as well as other significant discoveries and events related to paleontology occurring in 2018.

Chondrichthyes
Chondrichthyes (/kɒnˈdrɪkθiiːz/; from Ancient Greek  χόνδρος (khóndros) 'cartilage' and  ἰχθύς (ikhthús) 'fish') is a class of jawed fish that contains the cartilaginous fish or chondrichthyans, which all have skeletons primarily composed of cartilage. They can be contrasted with the Osteichthyes or bony fish, which have skeletons primarily composed of bone tissue. Chondrichthyes are aquatic vertebrates with paired fins, paired nares, placoid scales, conus arteriosus in the heart, and a lack of opercula and swim bladders. Within the infraphylum Gnathostomata, cartilaginous fishes are distinct from all other jawed vertebrates.

The class is divided into two subclasses: Elasmobranchii (sharks, rays, skates and sawfish) and Holocephali (chimaeras, sometimes called ghost sharks, which are sometimes separated into their own class).  Extant chondrichthyans range in size from the 10 cm (3.9 in) finless sleeper ray to the over 10 m (33 ft) whale shark.
Nikolai Ivanov (writer)
Nikolai Fyodorovich Ivanov (Russian: Николай Фёдорович Иванов; born June 8, 1956, in Strachovo, Bryansk Oblast, USSR) is a Russian writer and publicist, and chairman of the Board of the Union of Writers of Russia from February 15, 2018, to February 27, 2025.

He is the author of over 30 books of prose and drama. As a war journalist and writer, he has travelled over the years to Chechnya, Tskhinvali, Crimea, Donbass, and Syria. He is formerly the editor-in-chief of the magazine "Soviet Warrior" and the newspaper "Tax Police". He is a retired colonel in the Russian tax police, a military journalist, and a paratrooper officer. He is a member of the public organization "Bryansk Community" in Moscow. He is subject to sanctions by all EU countries for spreading Russian propaganda and disinformation about the Russian invasion of Ukraine.

Propaganda in Russia
The propaganda of the Russian Federation promotes views, perceptions or agendas of the government. The media include state-run outlets and online technologies, and may involve using "Soviet-style 'active measures' as an element of modern Russian 'political warfare'". Notably, contemporary Russian propaganda  promotes the cult of personality of Vladimir Putin and positive views of Soviet history. Russia has established a number of organizations, such as the Presidential Commission of the Russian Federation to Counter Attempts to Falsify History to the Detriment of Russia's Interests (active 2009-2012), the Russian web brigades, and others that engage in political propaganda to promote the views of the Russian government.
Paweł Król (footballer, born 1987)
Paweł Król (born 10 December 1987) is a Polish former professional footballer who played as a defender. He started his career with Górnik Zabrze. In the winter of 2006, he underwent trials at Manchester City.

Górnik Zabrze
Górnik Zabrze Spółka Akcyjna, commonly referred to as Górnik Zabrze (Polish pronunciation: [ˈɡurɲiɡ ˈzabʐɛ]), is a Polish football club from Zabrze. Górnik is one of the most successful Polish football clubs in history, winning the second-most Polish Championship titles together with Ruch Chorzów. The club was a dominant force in the 1960s and 1980s. Górnik holds the record for winning the most consecutive Polish Championship titles (5) and Polish Cup titles (5). In addition, the club was 1969–70 Cup Winners' Cup runners-up.

They currently compete in the Ekstraklasa, the top tier of the national football league system. The club plays in a white or dark blue-red kit, and is based at the Arena Zabrze. Their main local rival is Ruch Chorzów.
Just Feel Better
"Just Feel Better" was the second international single to be released from Santana's 2005 album All That I Am. The song features lead vocals by Aerosmith frontman Steven Tyler, also signed to Sony Music Entertainment. The song is produced by John Shanks and written by Jamie Houston, Buck Johnson and Damon Johnson. The single achieved reasonable success in Australia, debuting at Number 8 on the ARIA chart and receiving significant airplay. In Australia it has been on Rage (ABC) and videohits (channel 10) a number of times.

The song was also recorded with Puddle of Mudd frontman Wes Scantlin on vocals but Santana said he felt Tyler did it better, with more emotion, although he liked both renditions. In 2010, Damon Johnson recorded his own version of the song for his album Release.

This song is shown to be playing on the first generation iPod Nano on its packaging box.

Puddle of Mudd
Puddle of Mudd is an American rock band formed in Kansas City, Missouri in 1992. The band has sold over seven million albums. Their second album, Come Clean (2001), spawned the single "Blurry", which peaked at number 5 on the Billboard Hot 100, and remains their signature song. The album sold over five million copies by 2003, and was followed by six additional albums, the latest of which is Kiss the Machine (2025). Lead singer Wes Scantlin has served as the only consistent member throughout the band's history.

In 2013, the band was featured in an NME article titled "28 Nu-Metal Era Bands You Probably Forgot All About".
Blisworth Clay Formation
The Blisworth Clay Formation is a geological formation in England. It is part of the Great Oolite Group and was deposited in the Bathonian stage of the Middle Jurassic. The predominant lithology is mudstone with thin beds of limestone and sandstone with ironstone nodules. Towards the South-West it laterally transitions into the Forest Marble Formation.

Bathonian
In the geologic timescale the Bathonian is an age and stage of the Middle Jurassic. It lasted from approximately 168.2 ±1.2 Ma to around 165.3 ±1.1 Ma (million years ago). The Bathonian Age succeeds the Bajocian Age and precedes the Callovian Age.
Nine Gates Infantry Commander
The Nine Gates Infantry Commander (Chinese: 步軍統領/九門提督; pinyin: bùjūn tónglǐng/jiǔmén tídū) was a military appointment used in the Qing dynasty (1644–1912) of China. The officer holding this appointment was in charge of safeguarding and monitoring traffic, and overseeing the opening times of the nine gates of the imperial capital, Beijing. The nine gates were Zhengyang Gate, Chongwen Gate, Anding Gate, Fucheng Gate, Xizhi Gate, Dongzhi Gate, Xuanwu Gate, Desheng Gate, and Chaoyang Gate. The officer's judicial responsibilities included night patrol, fire fighting, security checks of civilians, the apprehension and arrest of criminals, and prison keeping. He was also responsible for the security of the Forbidden City. Throughout the history of the Qing dynasty, the position was always held by Manchus rather than Han Chinese.

Xizhimen
Xizhimen (Chinese: 西直门; pinyin: Xīzhímén) was a gate in the Beijing city wall and is now a transportation node in Beijing. The gate was the entrance of drinking water for the Emperor, coming from the Jade Spring Hills to the west of Beijing. The gate was demolished  in 1969.
Yoshiyuki Kōno (victim)
Yoshiyuki Kōno (河野 義行, born February 3, 1950) is a survivor of the Matsumoto incident, a sarin attack that killed eight people and sickened many more in Matsumoto, Japan, on the evening of June 27, 1994 and the following morning.

Matsumoto, Nagano
Matsumoto (松本市, Matsumoto-shi) is a city located in Nagano Prefecture, Japan. Matsumoto is designated as a core city since 1 April 2021. As of 1 March 2019, the city had a population of 239,466 in 105,207 households and a population density of 240 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 978.47 square kilometres (377.79 sq mi).
Promode R. Bandyopadhyay
Promode R. Bandyopadhyay  is an Indian born American inventor, research scientist and Technical Program Manager at the Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Newport, Rhode Island, USA. He was a Program Officer at the Cognitive, Neural and Biomolecular Science and Technology Division of the Human Systems Science and Technology Department of the Office of Naval Research (2000–2002). He was a Post-Doctoral Researcher at Cambridge University Engineering Department and University of Houston.

He is a Fellow of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), a Fellow of Wolfson College, Cambridge, an associate fellow of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA), a Member of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), and a Life Member of the American Physical Society (APS).

He currently holds 17 approved U.S. Patents and more than 5 pending U.S. Patents. He is also an author at SPIE.

American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics
The American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA) is a professional society for the field of aerospace engineering. The AIAA is the U.S. representative on the International Astronautical Federation and the International Council of the Aeronautical Sciences. In 2015, it had more than 30,000 members among aerospace professionals worldwide (a majority are American or live in the United States).
Kosa (surname)
Kosa, Kósa, or Kóša are surnames with multiple origins. Notable people with the surname include:

Ádám Kósa (born 1975), Hungarian politician

Emil Kosa Jr. (1903–1968), American artist

Ferenc Kósa (1937–2018), Hungarian filmmaker

Gábor Kósa (born 1971), Hungarian historian

György Kósa (1897–1984), Hungarian composer

Lajos Kósa (born 1964), Hungarian politician

Muchaki Kosa, Indian politician

Sebastian Kóša (born 2003), Slovak footballer

František Kóša (born 2006), Slovak footballer

Emil Kosa Jr.
Emil Kosa Jr. (November 28, 1903 – November 4, 1968) was an American artist of Czech origin. He was the art director of 20th Century Pictures' special effects department for more than three decades, winning an Academy Award for Best Visual Effects along the way. As a painter of landscapes and urban scenes, he also became known as a prominent member of the California Scene Painting movement.
Urorectal septum
The urorectal septum is an invagination of the cloaca. It divides it into a dorsal part (the hindgut) and a ventral part (the urogenital sinus). It invaginates from cranial to caudal, formed from the endodermal cloaca, and fuses with the cloacal membrane. Malformations can cause fistulas.

Perineum
The perineum (pl.: perineums or perinea) in placental mammals is the space between the anus and the genitals. The human perineum is between the anus and scrotum in the male or between the anus and vulva in the female. The perineum is the region of the body between the pubic symphysis (pubic arch) and the coccyx (tail bone), including the perineal body and surrounding structures. The perineal raphe is visible and pronounced to varying degrees.

The perineum is frequently perceived as an erogenous zone, with touch in that area being perceived as both erogenous and aversive by different individuals.
Andy Karl (baseball)
Anton Andrew Karl (April 8, 1914 – April 8, 1989) was an American professional baseball player. He was a right-handed pitcher over parts of five seasons (1943–47) with the Boston Red Sox, Philadelphia Phillies and Boston Braves. For his career, he compiled an 18–23 record in 191 appearances, all but four as a relief pitcher, with a 3.51 earned run average and 107 strikeouts.

Karl attended A.B. Davis High School and earned a degree in industrial engineering from Manhattan College where he played college baseball and basketball for the Jaspers. He married the former Myra McBride and had at least two children with her.

Karl was born in Mount Vernon, New York and later died in La Jolla, California on his 75th birthday.

Mount Vernon, New York
Mount Vernon is a city in Westchester County, New York, United States. It is an inner suburb of New York City, immediately to the north of the borough of the Bronx. As of the 2020 census, Mount Vernon had a population of 73,893, making it the eighth-largest city in the state and largest African-American majority city in the state. Mount Vernon has 12,898 Jamaicans with African and Indian descent that had immigrated from their homeland of Jamaica after the country gained its independence from Britain on August 6, 1962.

Mount Vernon has two major sections. South-side Mount Vernon is more urban, while north-side Mount Vernon is more residential. Mount Vernon's downtown business district is on the city's south side, which includes City Hall, Mount Vernon's main post office, Mount Vernon Public Library, office buildings, and other municipal establishments.
Anton Bernard
Anton Bernard (born April 18, 1989) is an Italian former professional ice hockey Winger who most notably played for HC Bolzano of the ICE Hockey League (ICEHL). Bernard competed in the 2012 IIHF World Championship as a member of the Italy men's national ice hockey team.

Italy men's national ice hockey team
The Italian men's national ice hockey team is the national ice hockey team of Italy, and is controlled by the Federazione Italiana Sport del Ghiaccio (FISG), a member of the International Ice Hockey Federation.
Oxyarsenides
Oxyarsenides or arsenide oxides are chemical compounds formally containing the group AsO, with one arsenic and one oxygen atom. The arsenic and oxygen are not bound together as in arsenates or arsenites, instead they make a separate presence bound to the cations (metals), and could be considered as a mixed arsenide-oxide compound. So a compound with OmAsn requires cations to balance a negative charge of 2m+3n. The cations will have charges of +2 or +3. The trications are often rare earth elements or actinides. They are in the category of oxypnictide compounds.

Some of these compounds are superconductors, but may require doping with fluoride or oxygen deficiency. Yet others undergo colossal magnetoresistance with a lowered electrical resistance in a magnetic field.

Many compounds are layered, containing two metals with the formula XZAsO, with an XAs layer alternating with a ZO layer.

Colossal magnetoresistance
Colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) is a property of some materials, mostly manganese-based perovskite oxides, that enables them to dramatically change their electrical resistance in the presence of a magnetic field. The magnetoresistance of conventional materials enables changes in resistance of up to 5%, but materials featuring CMR may demonstrate resistance changes by orders of magnitude.

This technology may find uses in disk read-and-write heads, allowing for increases in hard disk drive data density. However, so far it has not led to practical applications because it requires low temperatures and bulky equipment.
Beixin culture
The Beixin culture (5300–4100 BC) was a Neolithic culture in Shandong, China. It was the successor of the Houli culture (6500–5500 BC) and precursor of the Dawenkou culture (4100–2600 BC). The Beixin culture contains the first example of dental ablation in China, a practice that became common in the Dawenkou.

The type site at Beixin was discovered in Tengzhou, Shandong, China. The site was excavated from 1978 to 1979.

Tengzhou
Tengzhou (Chinese: 滕州; pinyin: Téngzhōu) is a county-level city of Zaozhuang, Shandong province of the People's Republic of China. It is the site of the feudal vassal State of Teng during the Spring and Autumn period.

Tengzhou was likely the birthplace of the philosopher Mozi, and the city hosts the Mozi Memorial Hall (simplified Chinese: 墨子纪念馆; traditional Chinese: 墨子紀念館) to commemorate him.

The mayor of Tengzhou is Liu Wenqiang, and the Tengzhou Party Committee Secretary is Shao Shiguan.

Tengzhou has an area of 1,485 square kilometres (573 mi2), and a population of 1,756,300 as of 2019. As of the end of 2022, the resident population of Tengzhou was 1,553,200.
Axel Bredberg
Lieutenant General Axel Bredberg (24 February 1884 – 5 February 1960) was a Swedish Army officer. His senior commands include Inspector of the Swedish Army Service Troops from 1933 to 1942, Chief of the Defence Staff from 1942 to 1944 and military commander of the V Military District from 1945 to 1947.

Underlöjtnant
Underlöjtnant (from the German word Unterleutnant) was the lowest officer rank in the Swedish Army from 1835 to 1937 instead of the previous ranks of fänrik and cornet. Fänrik was reintroduced in 1914 with the same position as underlöjtnant, from 1926 with lower position.
Albert J. Fisher
Albert J. Fisher (1842–1882) was a photographer. He is known for his stereoscopic views. His work is part of the New York Public Library's collection. The Getty Museum also holds his work. The George Eastman Museum also has several of his stereoscopic views.

He published an illustrated book. Fisher & Denison was the publisher and the name of his business.

He produced a stereoscopic view of the Gilsey House in New York City.

Gilsey House
Gilsey House is an eight-story, 300-room former hotel at 1200 Broadway at West 29th Street in the NoMad neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City.  It is a New York City landmark and on the National Register of Historic Places.
We'll Take Manhattan (1990 film)
We'll Take Manhattan is a 1990 American television pilot directed by Andy Cadiff and produced by Tony Thomas and Paul Junger Witt, who had had repeated success with other shows in the era. The series was not picked by the NBC network, though they opted to air the pilot episode.

The series was to star Jackée Harry, Corinne Bohrer, Edan Gross, Joel Brooks. It aired a single time on NBC as part of their Saturday night lineup on June 16, 1990.

Bohrer and Gross had just worked on the ABC sitcom Free Spirit together that had been canceled earlier in the 1989-1990 television season.

This series was the first attempt to create a starring vehicle for Harry, who had been best known for her role on NBC's 227. When this show did not get picked up, she would join the cast of The Royal Family following the death of Redd Foxx the following season.

Free Spirit (TV series)
Free Spirit is an American fantasy sitcom that aired on ABC during the 1989–1990 television season. The series stars Corinne Bohrer as a witch who moves in with a recently divorced father to help care for his three children. Originally produced by ELP Communications, Free Spirit aired from September 22, 1989, to January 14, 1990.
Delroy Denton
Delroy Samuel Denton (born c. 1971) is a Jamaican gangster, convicted murderer, rapist and suspected serial killer. After illegally immigrating to the United Kingdom, Denton was an informant for Scotland Yard, until he was arrested for the rape and murder of 24-year-old trainee beautician Marcia Lawes in 1995. After his conviction, the fact that he was a police informant at the time of the crime, despite having been denied asylum in Britain, and his status as a fugitive in Jamaica in connection with the murders of seven women (including a prostitute who was stabbed with an icepick), led to a change in the way such informants were handled.

Gangster
A gangster (informally gangsta) is a criminal who is a member of a gang. Most gangs are considered to be part of organized crime. Gangsters are also called mobsters, a term derived from mob and the suffix -ster. Gangs provide a level of organization and resources that support much larger and more complex criminal transactions than an individual criminal could achieve. Gangsters have been active for many years in countries around the world. Gangsters are the subject of many novels, films, television series, and video games.