hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
USS Casa Grande
USS Casa Grande (LSD-13) was a Casa Grande-class dock landing ship of the United States Navy, named in honor of Casa Grande Ruins National Monument near Coolidge, Arizona.

The ship was originally authorized under the Lend-Lease Act as BAPM-5, the fifth of seven British Mechanized Artillery Transports, to be named HMS Portway (F144).
Reclassified a Landing Ship Dock, LSD-13, on 1 July 1942, the contract for LSD-13 was awarded to Newport News Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Co., Newport News, Virginia, on 10 September 1942.
Renamed HMS Spear, LSD-13's keel was laid down, on 11 November 1943. While under construction, LSD-13, Rushmore (LSD-14), and Shadwell (LSD-15) were reassigned back to the United States.
The ship was renamed Casa Grande, and, as the first of her class in the U.S. Navy, gave her name to the class.

Casa Grande was launched 11 April 1944, sponsored by Mrs. G. Delapalme; and commissioned 5 June 1944.

Huntington Ingalls Industries
Huntington Ingalls Industries, Inc. (HII) is the largest military shipbuilding company in the United States as well as a provider of professional services to partners in government and industry. HII was formed on 31 March 2011, as a divestiture from  Northrop Grumman.

HII comprises three divisions: Newport News Shipbuilding in Virginia, Ingalls Shipbuilding in Mississippi, and Mission Technologies.

In April 2022, Huntington Ingalls Industries changed its branding name to HII.
Sutton Trinity (ward)
Sutton Trinity is one of the 40 electoral wards in Birmingham, England. It is named after Holy Trinity Church, the town's parish church.

Sutton Trinity is one of four wards comprising the Parliamentary Constituency and formal district of Sutton Coldfield, Birmingham. It was created on 10 June 2004, following a Boundary Commission review of the city. It covers Sutton town centre and includes the neighbourhoods of Tudor Hill, Maney, New Hall Manor, Falcon Lodge, Whitehouse Common, Withy Hill, Little Sutton and Reddicap Heath.

Boundary commissions (United Kingdom)
In the United Kingdom, the boundary commissions are non-departmental public bodies responsible for determining the boundaries of parliamentary constituencies for elections to the House of Commons. There are four boundary commissions: one each for England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.

Each commission comprises four members, three of whom take part in meetings. The speaker of the House of Commons chairs each of the boundary commissions ex officio but does not play any part in the review, and a High Court judge is appointed to each boundary commission as deputy chair.
Bell series
In mathematics, the Bell series is a formal power series used to study properties of arithmetical functions. Bell series were introduced and developed by Eric Temple Bell.

Given an arithmetic function  and a prime , define the formal power series , called the Bell series of  modulo   as:

Two multiplicative functions can be shown to be identical if all of their Bell series are equal; this is sometimes called the uniqueness theorem: given multiplicative functions  and , one has  if and only if:

for all primes .

Two series may be multiplied (sometimes called the multiplication theorem): For any two arithmetic functions  and , let  be their Dirichlet convolution.  Then for every prime , one has:

In particular, this makes it trivial to find the Bell series of a Dirichlet inverse.

If  is completely multiplicative, then formally:

Completely multiplicative function
In number theory, functions of positive integers which respect products are important and are called completely multiplicative functions or totally multiplicative functions.  A weaker condition is also important, respecting only products of coprime numbers, and such functions are called multiplicative functions.  Outside of number theory, the term "multiplicative function" is often taken to be synonymous with "completely multiplicative function" as defined in this article.
Bavaria Germanair
Bavaria Germanair was an airline that came into being following the merger of Bavaria Fluggesellschaft and Germanair on 1 January 1977.

The airline's main area of activity was operating charter flights from German airports to European holiday destinations. The airline ceased to operate and lost its separate identity when it was merged into Hapag-Lloyd Flug on 1 January 1979, which itself much later became part of TUI fly Deutschland.

TUI fly Deutschland
TUI fly Deutschland (legally TUIfly GmbH), formerly TUIfly, is a German leisure airline owned by the travel and tourism company TUI Group. It is headquartered at Hannover Airport with bases at several other German airports. TUI fly Deutschland is part of TUI Group's airline unit.
José de Grácia Cruz
José de Grácia Cruz (c. 1848 – 1924) was a Acjachemen man who was born in 1848 at Mission San Juan Capistrano. He was known for his work as a bell ringer at the mission, as an artisan, a flutist in a native orchestra that would play at the mission, a sheep shearer, and for his knowledge of the Juaneño language and village sites, including Puvunga. He was also the source of the story of the mission's swallows in St. John O'Sullivan's Capistrano Nights (1930). He was referred to locally as "Acǘ," a nickname that was reportedly given to him as a child by his parents.

Mission San Juan Capistrano
Mission San Juan Capistrano (Spanish: Misión San Juan Capistrano) is a Spanish mission in San Juan Capistrano, Orange County, California. Founded November 1, 1776 in colonial Las Californias by Spanish Catholic missionaries of the Franciscan Order, it was named for Saint John of Capistrano. The Spanish Colonial Baroque style church was located in the Alta California province of the Viceroyalty of New Spain. The Mission was founded less than 60 yards from the village of Acjacheme. The Mission was secularized by the Mexican government in 1833, and returned to the Roman Catholic Church by the United States government in 1865. The Mission was damaged over the years by a number of natural disasters, but restoration and renovation efforts date from around 1910. It functions today as a museum.
Lug, Osijek-Baranja County
Lug (Hungarian: Laskó) is a settlement in the region of Baranja, Croatia. Administratively, it is located in the Bilje municipality within the Osijek-Baranja County. Population is 852 people.

It is known for annual PaprikaFest, festival devoted to sweet and hot peppers in September.

Bell pepper
The bell pepper (also known as sweet pepper, paprika, pepper, capsicum /ˈkæpsɪkəm/ or, in some parts of the U.S. Midwest, mango) is the fruit of plants in the Grossum Group of the species Capsicum annuum. Cultivars of the plant produce fruits in different colors, including red, yellow, orange, green, white, and purple. Bell peppers are sometimes grouped with less pungent chili varieties as "sweet peppers". While they are botanically fruits—classified as berries—they are commonly used as a vegetable ingredient or side dish. Other varieties of the genus Capsicum are categorized as chili peppers when they are cultivated for their pungency, including some varieties of Capsicum annuum.

Peppers are native to Mexico, Central America, the Caribbean and northern South America. Pepper seeds were imported to Spain in 1493 and then spread through Europe and Asia.  Preferred growing conditions for bell peppers include warm, moist soil in a temperature range of 21 to 29 °C (70 to 84 °F).
Steve Ly
Steve Ly is an American politician who served as mayor of Elk Grove, Sacramento County, California from 2016 to 2020. Before serving as mayor, he was a part of the Elk Grove City Council of District 4. Steve Ly also served on the Elk Grove Unified School District, Board of Trustees.

He was the second directly elected mayor of Elk Grove and the first ethnically Hmong mayor in the United States.

On November 3, 2020, Ly was defeated by Bobbie Singh-Allen in his bid for a third term as mayor.

Sacramento County, California
Sacramento County (/ˌsækrəˈmɛntoʊ/ ⓘ) is located in the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 1,585,055. Its county seat is Sacramento, which has been the state capital of California since 1854.

Sacramento County is the central county of the Greater Sacramento metropolitan area. The county covers about 1,026 square miles (2,660 km2) in the northern portion of the Central Valley, on into Gold Country. Sacramento County extends from the low delta lands between the Sacramento River and San Joaquin River, including Suisun Bay, north to about ten miles (16 km) beyond the State Capitol and east into the foothills of the Sierra Nevada Mountains. The southernmost portion of Sacramento County has direct access to San Francisco Bay. Since 2010, statewide droughts in California have further strained Sacramento County's water security.
Shueh-li Ong
Shueh-li Ong is an Australian born composer, producer, arranger and multi-instrumentalist (thereminist, synthesizer, sound designer, performer and vocalist).  She has been residing in the U.S. since 2005, and is currently based in Nashville, TN.

Ong is regarded as a world-renown thereminist whose playing features on “Hurry Up and Smell the Roses” the 2012 solo album by Tom Brislin, and on album La Conquista del Espacio by Fito Páez which won the 2021 Grammy for Best Latin Rock or Alternative Album, and the 2020 Latin Grammy for Best Pop/Rock Album.

The Necessary Stage
The Necessary Stage (TNS, previously known as M1 Theatre Connect and M1 Youth Connection) is a Singaporean non-profit theatre company with charity status. Founded in 1987 by its Artistic Director Alvin Tan, TNS was established with its own mission to create challenging, indigenous and innovative theatre that touches the heart and mind. The company is helmed by Tan and Resident Playwright Haresh Sharma, both Cultural Medallion winners.

TNS has been a recipient of the National Arts Council's Major Company Grant, most recently from 2023 to 2026, and is also the organiser of the annual M1 Singapore Fringe Festival. In 2020, it was announced that TNS would be moving out from its long-time home at Marine Parade Community Building. TNS later moved to a premises in Yi Guang Factory Building.
Hanzinne
The Hanzinne is a stream, and a tributary of the river Sambre, in Belgium.

Its source is located in Hanzinne, a part of the Florennes municipality in the province of Namur.

It passes through Hymiée, Gerpinnes, Acoz and Bouffioulx and is connected with river Sambre in Châtelet.

Châtelet, Belgium
Châtelet (French pronunciation: [ʃatlɛ] ⓘ; Walloon: Tcheslet) is a city and municipality of Wallonia located in the province of Hainaut, Belgium. It lies on the river Sambre.

As of January 1, 2018, Châtelet had a total population of 36,101. The total area of the municipality is 27.03 km2 which gives a population density of 1,336 inhabitants per km2.

The municipality consists of the following districts: Bouffioulx, Châtelet, and Châtelineau.  Châtelet was a long established independent city prior to its fusion with the other entities.
Richard H. R. White
Richard Henry Reeve White (6 November 1926 in Newcastle-under-Lyme, 10 December 2020) was a paediatric nephrologist, emeritus Professor of Paediatric Nephrology from the University of Birmingham morphologist and archivist for British Association for Paediatric Nephrology.

White was known for pioneering research into renal disease in children that led him to develop a renal biopsy technique that was applied percutaneously with a local anesthetic. White was amongst the co-founders of the British Association for Paediatric Nephrology on 22 February 1973 and became the associations president between 1991 and 1994.

Guy's Hospital
Guy's Hospital is an NHS hospital founded by philanthropist Thomas Guy in 1721, located in the borough of Southwark in central London. It is part of Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and one of the institutions that comprise the King's Health Partners, an academic health science centre. It is the large teaching hospital of GKT School of Medical Education.

The hospital's Tower Wing (originally known as Guy's Tower) was, when built in 1974, the tallest hospital building in the world, standing at 148.65 metres (487.7 ft) with 34 floors. The tower was overtaken as the world's tallest healthcare-related building by The Belaire in New York City in 1988. As of June 2019, the Tower Wing, which remains one of the tallest buildings in London, is the world's sixth-tallest hospital building.
Iodine heptafluoride
Iodine heptafluoride is an interhalogen compound with the chemical formula IF7.  It has an unusual pentagonal bipyramidal structure, with D5h symmetry, as predicted by VSEPR theory. The molecule can undergo a pseudorotational rearrangement called the Bartell mechanism, which is like the Berry mechanism but for a heptacoordinated system.

Below 4.5 °C, IF7 forms a snow-white powder of colorless crystals, melting at 5–6 °C.  However, this melting is difficult to observe, as the liquid form is thermodynamically unstable at 760 mmHg: instead, the compound begins to sublime at 4.77 °C.  The dense vapor has a mouldy, acrid odour.

Berry mechanism
The Berry mechanism, or Berry pseudorotation mechanism, is a type of vibration causing molecules of certain geometries to isomerize by exchanging the two axial ligands (see the figure) for two of the equatorial ones. It is the most widely accepted mechanism for pseudorotation and most commonly occurs in trigonal bipyramidal molecules such as PF5, though it can also occur in molecules with a square pyramidal geometry.  The Berry mechanism is named after R. Stephen Berry, who first described this mechanism in 1960.
Peadar Kirby
Peadar Kirby is an author and academic at the Department of Politics and Public Administration at the University of Limerick. Up to the academic year 2006/2007 he was a Senior Professor at the School of Law and Government, Dublin City University. He specialises in issues concerning Latin America. He is a fluent speaker of the Irish language. He was involved in the Centre for International Studies at Dublin City University. While there he gave lectures on 'Globalization: Global Political Economy', and 'Latin America: From colony to periphery.'

Kirby has published a number of books on the Economy of Ireland. He has also written on Latin America (including liberation theology), and is the author of a textbook on the subject (Introduction to Latin America: Twenty-First Century Challenges, 2003).

Liberation theology
Liberation theology is a Christian theological approach emphasizing the liberation of the oppressed. The term originated among Latin American Catholic theologians in the 1960s, and it has increasingly been used to describe similar approaches in other parts of the globe. It often engages in socio-economic analyses, and emphasizes social concern for those marginalized due to their social class, race, ethnicity, gender, etc.
Comedy Central Records
Comedy Central Records is a record label based in New York and owned by Paramount Skydance Corporation. The label specializes in stand-up comedy albums and is distributed by Alternative Distribution Alliance, a subsidiary of Warner Music Group.

The label has released albums from artists such as Aziz Ansari, Louis C.K., Dave Attell, Amy Schumer and Kevin Hart. As of December 2016, Comedy Central Records has issued over 200 albums.

Alternative Distribution Alliance
Alternative Distribution Alliance (ADA) is a music distribution company owned by Warner Music Group, which represents the rights to various independent record labels. ADA provides "independent artist and label partners with access to the resources, relationships and experience required to share their creative vision with a global audience."
1987–88 Area League South
The 1987–88 Area League South was the first full season of rugby union within the fourth tier of the English league system, later known as the National League 2 South, and was the counterpart to Area League North (now National League 2 North). Each team played one match against the other teams, playing a total of ten matches each. There was no set date for matches, clubs having to arrange the fixtures amongst themselves.

Askeans were the first ever champions, gaining promotion to the 1988–89 National Division 3 while Streatham-Croydon were the only relegated side, dropping to London 1.

Streatham-Croydon RFC
The Streatham-Croydon Rugby Football Club, is a rugby union club, founded in 1871, based at Frant Road, Thornton Heath, in the London Borough of Croydon, south London. Streatham-Croydon currently play in Counties Surrey 3. The club's teams play in cardinal shirts, white shorts and cardinal and white hooped socks.
1999–2000 Danish Superliga
The 1999–2000 Danish Superliga season was the 10th season of the Danish Superliga league championship, governed by the Danish Football Association. It took place from the first match on July 24, 1999, to final match on May 28, 2000.

The Danish champions qualified for the third UEFA Champions League 2000-01 qualification round, the runner-up entered the Champions League in the second qualification round, while the third placed team qualified for the first qualification round of the UEFA Cup 2000-01. The fourth and fifth placed teams qualified for the UEFA Intertoto Cup 2000, while the two lowest placed teams of the tournament was directly relegated to the Danish 1st Division. Likewise, the Danish 1st Division champions and runners-up were promoted to the Superliga.

Danish Football Association
The Danish Football Association (Danish: Dansk Boldspil-Union; abbr. DBU) is the governing body of football in Denmark. It is the organization of Danish football clubs and runs the professional Danish football leagues, alongside the men's and women's national teams. Based in the city of Brøndby, it is a founding member of both FIFA and UEFA. The DBU has also been the governing body of futsal in Denmark since 2008.
Niemczyk
Niemczyk is a Polish surname, a diminutive of "niemiec", "German person". It can be transliterated as Nemchik. Notable people with the surname include:

Aldona Niemczyk (born 1969), German politician

Andrzej Niemczyk (1944–2016), Polish volleyball coach

Barbara Niemczyk (born 1942), Polish volleyball player

Carolin Niemczyk (born 1990), German singer

Jakub Niemczyk (born 2004), Polish footballer

Julian Niemczyk (1920–2009), American diplomat

Leon Niemczyk (1923–2006), Polish actor

George Nemchik (1915–1988), American soccer player

Leon Niemczyk
Leon Stanisław Niemczyk (15 December 1923 – 29 November 2006) was a Polish actor.

Niemczyk developed into a leading box-office star throughout the 1960s, known for serious dramas, including historical dramas and war films. He appeared in over 500 films and television shows over the course of his career. His most memorable roles were Fulko de Lorche in Aleksander Ford's The Teutonic Knights, Andrzej in Roman Polanski's Knife in the Water and Jerzy in Jerzy Kawalerowicz's Night Train.

Niemczyk became an international star through positive reception for his leading role in Knife in the Water (1962), which earned Polish cinema's first nomination for the Academy Award for Best International Feature Film.

He died of cancer.
Gorzyczany
Gorzyczany [ɡɔʐɨˈt͡ʂanɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Samborzec, within Sandomierz County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) west of Samborzec, 12 km (7 mi) south-west of Sandomierz, and 75 km (47 mi) east of the regional capital Kielce.

Sandomierz County
Sandomierz County (Polish: powiat sandomierski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, south-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Sandomierz, which lies 83 kilometres (52 mi) east of the regional capital Kielce. The county also contains the towns of Koprzywnica, lying 16 km (10 mi) south-west of Sandomierz, and Zawichost, 16 km (10 mi) north-east of Sandomierz.

The county covers an area of 675.89 square kilometres (261.0 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 77,352, out of which the population of Sandomierz is 23,494, that of Koprzywnica is 2,470, that of Zawichost is 1,771, and the rural population is 49,617.
Kalle Lappalainen
Kaarlo "Kalle" Kustaa Lappalainen (30 September 1877 – 9 May 1965) was a Finnish sport shooter who competed in the 1920 Summer Olympics.

In 1920 he won the silver medal as member of the Finnish team in the team running deer, single shots event and the bronze medal in the team 300 metre military rifle, prone competition. In the 1920 Summer Olympics he also participated in the following events:

Team free rifle – fourth place

Team 300 metre military rifle, standing – seventh place

Team 600 metre military rifle, prone – eighth place

Team 300 and 600 metre military rifle, prone – tenth place

300 metre free rifle, three positions – place unknown

Shooting at the 1920 Summer Olympics – Men's 600 metre team military rifle, prone
The men's 600 metre team military rifle, prone was a shooting sports event held as part of the Shooting at the 1920 Summer Olympics programme. It was the third (and last) appearance for military rifle events but the first time that medals were awarded for teams in the prone position. The competition was held on 29 and 30 July and on 2 August 1920. 70 shooters from 14 nations competed.
George Pattullo (rugby union)
George Leonard Shield Pattullo (c. 1893/1894 – 13 January 1968) was a Scottish rugby union player who represented Scotland at the 1920 Five Nations Championship.

Born in Colombo, he played the fullback position.

1920 Five Nations Championship
The 1920 Five Nations Championship was the sixth series of the rugby union Five Nations Championship following the inclusion of France into the Home Nations Championship, and the first played since the 1914 Games due to World War I. Including the previous Home Nations Championships, this was the thirty-third series of the annual northern hemisphere rugby union championship. Ten matches were played between 1 January and 3 April. It was contested by England, France, Ireland, Scotland and Wales.

Scotland missed out on a first Grand Slam after losing to England at Twickenham.
Metzneria metzneriella
Metzneria metzneriella is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is widely distributed throughout Europe, as well as Turkey and southern Siberia. The habitat consists of dry pastures and calcareous soils.

The wingspan is 14–19 mm. Terminal joint of palpi thick, half second. Forewings are pale yellow-ochreous, towards costa reddish-ochreous; margins and veins more or less suffused with grey, sprinkled with dark fuscous; stigmata black, first discal much beyond plical. Hindwings are grey. The larva is yellow-whitish; head and plate of 2 dark fuscous.

Adults are on wing from June to August.

The larvae feed on the seeds of Centaurea jacea, Centaurea phrygia and Centaurea scabiosa. The species overwinters within the seedhead. Pupation takes place in late spring.

Centaurea scabiosa
Centaurea scabiosa, or greater knapweed, is a perennial plant of the genus Centaurea. It is native to Europe and bears purple flower heads.

Greater knapweed is found growing in dry grasslands, hedgerows and cliffs on lime-rich soil. Upright branched stems terminate in single thistle-like flowerheads, each having an outer ring of extended, purple-pink "ragged" bracts which form a crown around the central flowers. The plant has deeply dissected leaves which form a clump at the base.

This species is very valuable to bees. It is also a magnet for many species of butterfly. Among them is the marbled white.

This is the only known food plant for caterpillars of the Coleophoridae case-bearer moth Coleophora didymella. Centaurea scabiosa has been used in traditional herbal healing as either a vulnerary or an emollient.