hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Law School of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
The Law School of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki is considered one of the most prestigious Greek law schools. It is the second oldest law school founded in the country, preserving and sharing legal knowledge since 1929.

Evangelos Venizelos
Evangelos Venizelos (Greek: Ευάγγελος Βενιζέλος, pronounced [eˈvaɲɟeloz veniˈzelos]; born 1 January 1957) is a Greek academic and retired politician who served as Deputy Prime Minister of Greece from 2011 to 2015, as well as Minister for Foreign Affairs from 25 June 2013 to 27 January 2015 and Minister for Finance of Greece from 17 June 2011 to 21 March 2012. He was a member of the Hellenic Parliament for the Panhellenic Socialist Movement (PASOK) for the first electoral district of Thessaloniki. He is a Professor of Constitutional Law at the Law School of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki.

On 18 March 2012, Venizelos was elected unopposed to replace George Papandreou as PASOK president and led the party in the May 2012 general election as well as the June 2012 general election.
Swimming at the 1995 Pan American Games – Men's 100 metre breaststroke
The men's 100 metre breaststroke competition of the swimming events at the 1995 Pan American Games took place between March 12–17 at the Complejo Natatorio. The last Pan American Games champion was Hans Dersch of US.

This race consisted of two lengths of the pool, both lengths being in breaststroke.

1995 Pan American Games
The 1995 Pan American Games, officially known as the XII Pan American Games (Spanish: XII Juegos Panamericanos) and commonly known as Mar del Plata 1995, were held in Mar del Plata, Argentina, from 12 to 26 March 1995. After 44 years, this was the Pan American Games' first return to the country that hosted the first Games, in 1951.
Black City (Baku)
40°22′59″N 49°53′20″E﻿ / ﻿40.383°N 49.889°E﻿ / 40.383; 49.889

Black City (Azerbaijani: Qara Şəhər) is the general name for the southeastern neighbourhoods of Baku, which once formed its suburbs. In the late 19th and early 20th century it became the main location for Azerbaijan's oil industry, and the area's name derives from the smoke and soot of the factories and refineries.

Petroleum industry in Azerbaijan
The petroleum industry in Azerbaijan produced about 33 million tonnes of oil and 35 billion cubic meters of gas in 2022. Azerbaijan is one of the birthplaces of the oil industry.

The  State Oil Company of the Republic of Azerbaijan (SOCAR), a fully state-owned national oil and gas company headquartered in Baku, is a major source of income for the Azerbaijani government. The company is run opaquely through complex webs of contracts and middlemen, which non-government watchdog organizations and others say have channeled revenues to the country's ruling elites.
Introducing Kafka
Introducing Kafka, also known as R. Crumb's Kafka, is an illustrated biography of Franz Kafka by David Zane Mairowitz and Robert Crumb. The book includes comic adaptations of some of Kafka's most famous works including The Metamorphosis, A Hunger Artist, In the Penal Colony, and The Judgment, as well as brief sketches of his three novels The Trial, The Castle, and Amerika. The book also details Kafka's biography in a format that is part illustrated essay, part sequential comic panels.

In the Penal Colony
"In the Penal Colony" ("In der Strafkolonie") (also translated as "In the Penal Settlement") is a short story by Franz Kafka written in German in October 1914, revised in November 1918, and first published in October 1919.

The story is set in an unnamed penal colony and describes the last use of an elaborate torture and execution device that carves the name of the offense that the condemned prisoner committed on his skin as he slowly dies over the course of twelve hours. As the plot unfolds, the reader learns more and more about the machine, including its origin and original justification.
Saifur Rahman Moni
Saifur Rahman Moni (Bengali: সাইফুর রহমান মনি; born 2 February 1981) is a former Bangladeshi professional football coach and former player who currently serves as the head coach of Bangladesh Premier League club Chittagong Abahani.

Bangladesh Football Federation
The Bangladesh Football Federation (Bengali: বাংলাদেশ ফুটবল ফেডারেশন, Bānglādesh fūṭbôl fēḍārēshôn) is the governing body for association football in Bangladesh. Established in 1972 following the country's independence, the federation is responsible for managing the men's national team and women's national teams, as well as the management of domestic professional and amateur competitions, including the Bangladesh Football League.

The BFF became a member of the Asian Football Confederation (AFC) in 1973, and three years later, they became a member of the FIFA in 1976. BFF is also a founding member of the South Asian Football Federation (SAFF). Headquartered at the BFF Bhaban in Motijheel, Dhaka, the federation governs all aspects of the sport, from grassroots development to international representation, and is currently led by President Tabith Awal.
Daniela Neunast
Daniela Neunast (born 19 September 1966) is a retired German coxswain. She competed in the eights at the 1988, 1992 and 1996 Summer Olympics and finished in first, third and eighth place, respectively. She also won one gold, two silver and one bronze medal at the world championships of 1985–1989.

Coxswain (rowing)
In a rowing crew, the coxswain (/ˈkɒksən/ KOK-sən or /ˈkɒksweɪn/ KOK-swayn; colloquially known as the cox or coxie) is a crewmember who does not row but directs the boat. The coxswain sits facing the bow, unlike the rowers, and is responsible for steering the boat and coordinating the power and rhythm of the rowers. The coxswain's role while on the water is similar to that of an assistant coach or team captain, and they are sometimes also called upon to implement the training regimen or race plan.

In most racing, coxswains may be of either sex regardless of the sex of the rowers. Often they are women, since women are more likely to be near the ideal weight of a cox, which is 110 lbs or 120 lbs for USRowing and 55 kg for World Rowing (see Sex, and Weight, below).
Boys anti-tank rifle
The Boys anti-tank rifle (officially Rifle, Anti-Tank, .55in, Boys, and sometimes incorrectly spelled "Boyes") is a British anti-tank rifle used during the Second World War. It was often nicknamed the "elephant gun" by its users due to its size and large 0.55 in (14 mm) bore.

There were three main versions of the Boys: an early model (Mark I), which had a circular muzzle brake and T-shaped monopod, built primarily at BSA in England; a later model (Mk I*) built primarily at the John Inglis and Company in Toronto, Canada, that had a rectangular muzzle brake and a V-shaped bipod; and a third model made for airborne forces with a 30-inch (762 mm) barrel and no muzzle brake. There were also different cartridges, with a later version offering better penetration.

Although adequate against light tanks and tankettes in the early part of the war, the Boys was ineffective against heavier armour and was phased out in favour of the PIAT hollow charge weapon mid-war.

Tankette
A tankette is a tracked armoured fighting vehicle that resembles a small tank, roughly the size of a car. It is mainly intended for light infantry support and scouting. Colloquially it may also simply mean a  small tank.

Several countries built tankettes between the 1920s and 1940s, and some saw limited combat in the early phases of World War II. The vulnerability of their light armour, however, eventually led armies to abandon the concept with some exceptions such as the more modern German Wiesel (Weasel) series.
Cuban spotted toad
The Cuban spotted toad (Peltophryne taladai), or Cuban Caribbean toad, is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to central and eastern Cuba.
Its natural habitats are lowland mesic broadleaf forests, but it also occurs on cultivated fields as long as they are not too intensively farmed. It is common in suitable habitat but its distribution is severely fragmented and its habitat is threatened by intensive agriculture, charcoaling, and nickel mining.

True toad
A true toad is any member of the family Bufonidae, in the order Anura (frogs and toads). This is the only family of anurans in which all members are known as toads, although some may be called frogs (such as harlequin frogs). The bufonids now comprise more than 35 genera, Bufo being the best known.
Sylvia Huot
Sylvia Huot is a professor of Medieval French Literature at the University of Cambridge and fellow of Pembroke College. She is the author of several internationally renowned books on Medieval French Literature and the leading expert on the manuscripts of Roman de la Rose, having published extensively on its iconography.

Huot's book Madness in Medieval French Literature (Oxford University Press, 2003) was awarded the 2004 R. H. Gapper Book Prize by the UK Society for French Studies. This prize recognises the work as the best book published by a scholar working in Britain or Ireland in French studies in 2003.

Pembroke College, Cambridge
Pembroke College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge, England. The college is the third-oldest college of the university and has over 700 students and fellows. It is one of the university's larger colleges, with buildings from almost every century since its founding, as well as extensive gardens. Its members are termed "Valencians". The college's Master is the art historian Rosalind Polly Blakesley.

Pembroke has a level of academic performance among the highest of all the Cambridge colleges; in 2013, 2014, 2016, and 2018 Pembroke was placed second in the Tompkins Table. Pembroke contains the first chapel designed by Sir Christopher Wren and is one of only six Cambridge colleges to have educated a British prime minister, in Pembroke's case William Pitt the Younger. The college library, with a Victorian neo-gothic clock tower, has an original copy of the first encyclopaedia to contain printed diagrams.
1967 Henganofi by-election
A by-election for Henganofi constituency was held in the Territory of Papua and New Guinea on 15 July 1967, following the death of incumbent MHA Ugi Biritu. The result was a victory for Bono Azanifa, the runner-up to Biritu in the 1964 elections.

1964 Papua New Guinean general election
General elections were held in the Territory of Papua and New Guinea between 15 February and 15 March 1964. They were the first elections in the territory held under universal suffrage. Voter turnout among enrolled voters was 65%.
Dead store
In computer programming, a dead store is a local variable that is assigned a value but is read by no following instruction. Dead stores waste processor time and memory, and may be detected through the use of static program analysis, and removed by an optimizing compiler.

If the purpose of a store is intentionally to overwrite data, for example when a password is being removed from memory, dead store optimizations can cause the write not to happen, leading to a security issue. Some system libraries have specific functions designed to avoid such dangerous optimizations, e.g. explicit_bzero on OpenBSD.

Value (computer science)
In computer science and software programming, a value is the representation of some entity that can be manipulated by a program. The members of a type are the values of that type.

The "value of a variable" is given by the corresponding mapping in the environment. In languages with assignable variables, it becomes necessary to distinguish between the r-value (or contents) and the l-value (or location) of a variable.

In declarative (high-level) languages, values have to be referentially transparent. This means that the resulting value is independent of the location of the expression needed to compute the value. Only the contents of the location (the bits, whether they are 1 or 0) and their interpretation are significant.
D-arabinitol 2-dehydrogenase
In enzymology, a D-arabinitol 2-dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.250) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

D-arabinitol + NAD+ ⇌ D-ribulose + NADH + H+

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are D-arabinitol and NAD+, whereas its 3 products are D-ribulose, NADH, and H+.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-OH group of donor with NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is D-arabinitol:NAD+ 2-oxidoreductase (D-ribulose-forming). This enzyme is also called D-arabinitol 2-dehydrogenase (ribulose-forming).

Ribulose
Ribulose is a ketopentose — a monosaccharide containing five carbon atoms, and including a ketone functional group.  It has chemical formula C5H10O5. Two enantiomers are possible, d-ribulose (d-erythro-pentulose) and l-ribulose (l-erythro-pentulose). d-Ribulose is the diastereomer of d-xylulose.

Ribulose sugars are composed in the pentose phosphate pathway from arabinose.  They are important in the formation of many bioactive substances.  For example, d-ribulose is an intermediate in the fungal pathway for d-arabitol production.  Also, as the 1,5-bisphosphate, d-ribulose combines with carbon dioxide at the start of the photosynthesis process in green plants (carbon dioxide trap).

Ribulose has the same stereochemistry at carbons 3 and 4 as the five-carbon aldoses ribose and arabinose.
Potentilla webberi
Potentilla webberi, commonly known as wire mousetail and Webber's ivesia, is a species of flowering plant in the rose family. It is native to the United States, where it occurs in the northernmost part of the Sierra Nevada and the adjacent Modoc Plateau in California, its range extending just into Nevada.

Modoc Plateau
The Modoc Plateau lies in the northeast corner of California as well as parts of Oregon and Nevada.  Nearly 1,000,000 acres (400,000 ha) of the Modoc National Forest are on the plateau between the Medicine Lake Highlands in the west and the Warner Mountains in the east.

Its landform is volcanic table land ranging from 4,000 to 6,000 feet above sea level, cut by many north–south faults. "Occasioned lakes, marshes, and sluggishly flowing streams meander across the plateau."

It is a thick accumulation of lava flows and tuff beds, along with many small volcanic cones. It has cinder cones, juniper flats, pine forests, and seasonal lakes. The plateau is thought to have been formed approximately 25 million years ago as a southern extension of the Columbia Plateau flood basalts.
Fort São Marçal
The Fort São Marçal (Fortaleza de São Marçal in Portuguese) also known as Sena Fort (Fortaleza de Sena in Portuguese) is a former fort of the Portuguese Empire built in Vila de Sena, Caia District in Mozambique.

Vila de Sena
Vila de Sena or more commonly Sena is a town in Mozambique where there is a fundamental bridge over the Zambezi River.  This bridge, the Dona Ana Bridge was originally a single track railway bridge, temporarily converted to road operation during the civil war.

The town lies on the east bank of the river.
Conostylis teretifolia
Conostylis teretifolia is a rhizomatous, tufted, perennial, grass-like plant or herb in the family Haemodoraceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It has flat leaves, short stems and yellow to reddish, tube-shaped flowers.

Haemodoraceae
Haemodoraceae is a family of perennial herbaceous angiosperms (flowering plants) containing 15 genera and 102 known species, sometimes known as the "bloodroots", found throughout the Southern Hemisphere, from Australia and New Guinea to South Africa, as well as the Americas (from extreme southeastern USA through tropical South America).

Perhaps the best-known (and most popular in cultivation) genera from the family are the unusual Anigozanthos and Macropidia, both commonly called "kangaroo-paw" or "kangaroo's paw" due to their fuzzy flowers. These genera are hugely popular in both private gardens and public landscaping projects in Mediterranean climate regions, such as in Chile, northwestern Mexico (Baja California), Southern California (and the Bay Area) and Western Australia, among other locations; the kangaroo-paws are valued for their hardiness, adaptability and low irrigation requirements, once established.
Leek Moors
Leek Moors is a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) within Staffordshire Moorlands, England, near the villages Leek and Upper Hulme. This protected area includes the former SSSI called Oliver Hill. The site was designated because of its outstanding assemblage of upland breeding birds and the populations of golden plover and snipe that occur here. There are populations of cloudberry (Rubus chamaemorus) on Oliver Hill.

Leek Moors SSSI includes Black Brook and Knotbury Common.

Two major institutional landowners own land within Leek Moors SSSI: United Utilities and the Ministry of Defence.

Leek, Staffordshire
Leek is a market town and civil parish in the Staffordshire Moorlands district of the county of Staffordshire, England. The town lies on the River Churnet, 10 miles (16 km) north east of Stoke-on-Trent. In 2021 it had a population of 19,385.

Leek is an ancient borough and was granted its royal charter in 1214. It is the administrative centre for the Staffordshire Moorlands District Council. King John granted Ranulf de Blondeville, 6th Earl of Chester, the right to hold a weekly Wednesday market and an annual seven-day fair in Leek in 1207.

Leek's coat of arms is a saltire shield. On the top is the Stafford knot, either side is the Leek double sunset and below a gold garb. The crest is a mural crown with three mulberry leaves on a mount of heather on top of which a moorcock is resting his claw on a small-weave shuttle. The motto Arte favente nil desperandum translates to: Our skill assisting us, we have no cause for despair.
Tico Rico
Tico Rico is a 1977 jazz/funk album by saxophonist Hank Crawford. It was produced by Creed Taylor. The music featured CTI recording artists including Eric Gale, Steve Gadd, Jon Faddis and Randy Brecker. It appeared at number 31 on Billboard Magazine's Best Selling Jazz LPs on October 8, 1977 and peaked at number 28.

CTI Records
CTI Records (Creed Taylor Incorporated) is a jazz record label founded in 1967 by Creed Taylor. CTI was a subsidiary of A&M before becoming independent in 1970. Its first album was A Day in the Life by guitarist Wes Montgomery in 1967. The final release, by the CTI Jazz All-Star Band, was recorded live at the Montreux Jazz Festival in 2009, and released in November 2010 on multiple formats: CD, DVD and Blu-ray.

Its roster included George Benson, Ron Carter, Eumir Deodato, Astrud Gilberto, Freddie Hubbard, Bob James, Antonio Carlos Jobim, Hubert Laws, Airto Moreira, Stanley Turrentine, and Walter Wanderley.
Archibald Macdonald (Canadian politician)
Archibald Macdonald (ca 1787 – 3 March 1872) was a Scottish-born farmer and political figure in Upper Canada. He represented Northumberland in the Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada from 1830 to 1834 as a Conservative.

Born in Callander, Perthshire, he was a captain in the 33rd Regiment of Foot and served during the Napoleonic Wars. Macdonald came to Upper Canada in 1819 and received a land grant near Cobourg. He served as a colonel in the Northumberland militia and was a justice of the peace for the Newcastle District.

Macdonald was a younger brother of Canadian fur trader John MacDonald of Garth, and a brother-in-law of North West Company senior partner William McGillivray, as well as Sir Archibald Campbell, 1st Baronet, one-time Lieutenant-Governor of New Brunswick, Canada.

Archibald Macdonald died on 3 March 1872 and is buried with his wife and two of his daughters in St. Peter's Anglican Church Cemetery in Cobourg, Ontario.

Sir Archibald Campbell, 1st Baronet
Sir Archibald Campbell, 1st Baronet, GCB (12 March 1769 – 6 October 1843) was a British army officer.  From 1824 to 1826, Gen. Campbell commanded the British forces in the First Anglo-Burmese War, the longest and most expensive war in British Indian history, that gave the British control of Assam, Manipur, Cachar, Jaintia, Arakan and Tenasserim. He became known as the "Hero of Ava". From 1831 to 1837, he was the administrator of the colony of New Brunswick, Canada.  The Canadian city of Campbellton in the province of New Brunswick was named in his honour.
Savarin mould
The savarin mould is a large ring shaped mould, designed originally with an accompanying gâteau recipe in mind. It was created by the Julien brothers, Parisian pastry chefs who owned Julien Frères, a respected pastry shop in Paris in the mid 19th century. The name Savarin is given in honour of Jean Anthelme Brillat-Savarin, the famous French gourmet, who gave Auguste Julien the recipe for the rum syrup used in the original Savarin Gâteau. In modern times, however, the moulds are used for many preparations, sweet and savoury, including meat, seafood, and vegetable dishes, as well as cakes, breads, mousses and jellies.

Now often just referred to as a ring mould, the shape is essentially that of a ring shaped cylinder cut in half, as opposed to other ring shaped pans, bundt pans for instance, which are more straight sided and deeper.

Jean Anthelme Brillat-Savarin
Jean Anthelme Brillat-Savarin (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃ ɑ̃tɛlm bʁija savaʁɛ̃]; 2 April 1755 – 2 February 1826) was a French lawyer and politician, who, as the author of Physiologie du goût (The Physiology of Taste), became celebrated for his culinary reminiscences and reflections on the craft and science of cookery and the art of eating.

Rising to modest eminence in the last years of France's Ancien Régime, Brillat-Savarin had to escape into exile when the Reign of Terror began in 1793. He spent nearly three years in the United States, teaching French and playing the violin to support himself, before returning to France when it became safe to do so, resuming his career as a lawyer, and rising to the top of the French judiciary.

The Physiology of Taste was the product of many years' writing in the author's spare time. Published weeks before his death in 1826, the work established him alongside Grimod de La Reynière as one of the founders of the genre of the gastronomic essay.
Science and the Popes
Science and the Popes is a part of the broader subject of science and the Catholic Church. Science and the popes have had a long yet sometimes rocky relationship throughout the history of the Catholic Church, with some popes condemning scientific books and findings, and other popes lauding scientists and the scientific fields. As the church believes the pope is the vicar of Christ, Catholics respect the pope's non-infallible personal opinions on non-theological subjects such as science. While there are ancient patron saints of medical topics, such as Saint Pantaleon, who was invoked during the Black Death, it is not known which pope canonized them.

Saint Pantaleon
Saint Pantaleon (Greek: Παντελεήμων, romanized: Panteleïmon, lit. 'All-compassionate'), counted in Western Christianity as among the Fourteen Holy Helpers of the Late Middle Ages, and in Eastern Christianity as one of the Holy Unmercenary Healers, was a martyr of Nicomedia in Bithynia during the Diocletianic Persecution of 305 AD.