hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Karl Marx Year
Karl Marx Year (German: Karl-Marx-Jahr) was a series of anniversaries of Karl Marx commemorated by East Germany in 1953, 1968, and 1983. The most prominent was in 1953, for the 135th anniversary of Marx's birth, and included the renaming of Chemnitz as Karl-Marx Stadt and of Leipzig University as Karl Marx University, the founding of the Order of Karl Marx, and the initiation of the Marx-Engels-Werke project of Marx and Engels' works. The 1968 commemoration marked the 150th and 1983 the 165th anniversary of his birth.

West Germany also commemorated Marx in anniversary years, with prominent renovations/reopenings of the Karl Marx House in 1968 and 1983. In 2018, Trier launched its own Karl Marx Year for the 200th anniversary of his birth.

Karl Marx House
The Karl Marx House museum (German: Karl-Marx-Haus) is a biographical and writer's house museum  in Trier (Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany).  In 1818, Karl Marx, the father of Marxism, which influenced both modern socialism and communism, was born in the house. It is now a museum about Karl Marx's life and writings as well as the history of communism.
NOLA Express
NOLA Express is a publication started in 1967 in New Orleans by the young poets Darlene Fife and Robert Head. Part the underground free press movement of the 1960s, the paper was opposed to American imperialism, racism and materialism. It protested the Vietnam War and other government policies, along with social hypocrisies.

Named after William S. Burroughs's cut-up novel, Nova Express, the paper was produced by a dedicated band of activists, poets, and illustrators based in the French Quarter; it published uncensored news, art, and literature featuring Charles Bukowski, Hedwig Gorski, and many others.

NOLA Express is considered one of the most outrageous underground papers of the 1960s. Part of the controversy was due to the paper's inclusion of graphic images that many in Sixties society deemed pornographic. Such controversies increased readership and brought attention to the political causes that editors Fife and Head supported.

Imperialism
Imperialism is the maintaining and extending of power over foreign nations, particularly through expansionism, employing both hard power (military and economic power) and soft power (diplomatic power and cultural imperialism). Imperialism focuses on establishing or maintaining hegemony and a more formal empire.

While related to the concept of colonialism, imperialism is a distinct concept that can apply to other forms of expansion and many forms of government.
Andrew Lake (Alaska)
Andrew Lake is a lake on Adak Island, part of the Aleutian Islands, Alaska. It is a part of the Adak Naval Air Station and lies between Mount Adagdak and Mount Moffett. The lake is separated from the Bering Sea by a seawall.

Adak Island
Adak Island (Aleut: Adaax, pronounced [ˈaðɑχ]; Russian: Адак) or Father Island is an island near the western extent of the Andreanof Islands group of the Aleutian Islands in Alaska. Alaska's southernmost city, Adak, is located on the island.  The island has a land area of 274.59 square miles (711.18 km2), measuring 33.9 miles (54.5 km) long and 22 miles (35 km) wide, making it the 25th largest island in the United States.

Due to harsh winds, frequent cloud cover, and cold temperatures, vegetation is mostly tundra (grasses, mosses, berries, low-lying flowering plants) at lower elevations. The highest point is Mount Moffett, near the northwest end of the island, at an elevation of 3,924 feet (1,196 m). It is snow covered the greater part of the year. Adak is its largest and principal city.

The word Adak is from the Aleut word adaq, which means "father".
Sommernatt ved fjorden
Sommernatt ved fjorden (in English: Summernight by the Fjord) is a Norwegian song written by Ketil Bjørnstad and sung by the opera singer Ellen Westberg Andersen. This song is the most famous on the album Leve Patagonia that was released on LP in 1978, later re-released on CD. The work is written as a modern suite, and tells the story of the Kristiania Bohemians Hans Jaeger and Oda Krohg. Sommernatt ved fjorden has since been sung by artists like Sissel Kyrkjebø, Christine Gulbrandsen and Rein Alexander.

Sommernatt ved fjorden is about Hans Jaeger and Oda Lasson in a small boat out on the fjord on a summer night, as described by the sister of Oda who watches the pair out on the fjord from her window at their holiday home in Hvitsten.

The romantic song has become part of the Norwegian lexicon and is regularly played on radio and in cafes.

Christine Guldbrandsen
Christine Guldbrandsen (born 19 March 1985 in Bergen, Norway) is a singer who is best known internationally for being the Norwegian entrant in the 2006 Eurovision Song Contest.  She has released three albums in Scandinavia: Surfing in the Air, Moments, and Christine. A new album, Colors, was released on 8 April 2011. She sings mainly in Norwegian, Danish and English.
Stuart Farrow
Stuart Farrow is a South African politician, the former Shadow Minister of Transport, and a Member of Parliament for the opposition Democratic Alliance (DA). He is also one of the party's parliamentary whips.

Parliament of South Africa
The Parliament of the Republic of South Africa is South Africa's legislature. It is located in Cape Town; the country's legislative capital.

Under the present Constitution of South Africa, the bicameral Parliament comprises a National Assembly and a National Council of Provinces. The current twenty-eighth Parliament was first convened on 14 June 2024.

From 1910 to 1994, members of Parliament were elected chiefly by the South African white minority.  The first elections with universal suffrage were held in 1994.

Both chambers held their meetings in the Houses of Parliament, Cape Town that were built 1875–1884. A fire broke out within the buildings in early January 2022, destroying the session room of the National Assembly. It was decided that, during construction work at Parliament, the National Assembly would temporarily meet at the Good Hope Chamber.
Kire Paputts
Kire Paputts is a Canadian film director and screenwriter. He is most noted for his feature films The Rainbow Kid, which premiered at the 2015 Toronto International Film Festival, and The Last Porno Show, which premiered at the 2019 Toronto International Film Festival.

He previously directed the short films Animal Control and Rainbow Connection, and the documentary films Only I Know, Paul the Dowser: Opening a Portal to the 5th Dimension, Coxwell & Gerrard and Gerrard Street East. He was also co-director with Colin Brunton of The Last Pogo Jumps Again, the 2013 feature expansion of Brunton's 1978 short film The Last Pogo, and producer of Michael Pierro's 2024 film Self Driver.

He is a graduate of the film studies program at Ryerson University.

Self Driver
Self Driver is a Canadian thriller film, directed by Michael Pierro and released in 2024. Pierro's directorial debut, the film stars Nathanael Chadwick as a driver for a ridesharing app, who is invited to join a new startup competitor that promises much, much more money but draws him into grave danger with its increasingly extreme demands.

The cast also includes Reece Presley, Lauren Welchner, Catt Filippov, Christian Aldo, Harold Tausch, Melanie Lachman and Melissa Melottey in supporting roles.

The film premiered at the 2024 Fantaspoa International Fantastic Film Festival. It had its North American premiere at the 28th Fantasia International Film Festival, where it won the award for Best First Feature in the New Flesh competition and the Audience Award for Best Canadian Feature.
1392 Pierre
1392 Pierre, provisional designation 1936 FO, is a dark, dynamical Eunomian asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 26 kilometers (16 mi) in diameter. It was discovered on 16 March 1936, by astronomer Louis Boyer at the Algiers Observatory in Algeria, North Africa. The asteroid was named after the discoverer's nephew, Pierre.

Center of Research in Astronomy, Astrophysics, and Geophysics
The Algiers Observatory was built in the late 19th century in the Algiers suburb of Bouzaréah, Algeria, North Africa. It participated in the Astrographic Catalogue project, taking the zone between -2 and +4 degrees to expose 1,260 plates between the years 1891 and 1911. At the tail end of that time, the director of the installation was François Gonnessiat.

It is now known as the Centre de Recherche en Astronomie Astrophysique et Géophysique (CRAAG), where it combines astronomy with work in astrophysics, and geophysical research, including the monitoring of earthquakes.
Arnama Lalpur
Arnama Lalpur  is a village development committee in Siraha District in the Sagarmatha Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 2011 Nepal census it had a population of 6841 people living in 1255 individual households.

Sagarmatha Zone
Sagarmāthā Zone (Nepali: सगरमाथा अञ्चल, [sʌgʌrmatʰa ʌnt͡sʌl] ⓘ "Sagarmāthā Anchal") was one of the fourteen zones of Nepal until the restructuring of zones into provinces. The headquarters of Sagarmatha is Rajbiraj. Sagarmāthā is a Nepali word which as per some sources, is derived from सगर ("sagar", sky) and माथा ("māthā", head).

It includes mountain districts of the Himalayas (including the world's highest peak Mount Everest) in the north, hill districts in the center, and valley districts of the Terai in the south. It is bordered by China to the north, India to the south, the Kosi Zone to the east and the Janakpur Zone to the west.
Kurovice
Kurovice is a municipality and village in Kroměříž District in the Zlín Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 300 inhabitants.

Kurovice lies approximately 9 kilometres (6 mi) east of Kroměříž, 13 km (8 mi) north-west of Zlín, and 240 km (150 mi) east of Prague.

Zlín
Zlín (in 1949–1989 Gottwaldov; Czech pronunciation: [zliːn]; German: Zlin) is a city in the Czech Republic. It has about 75,000 inhabitants. It is the seat of the Zlín Region and it lies on the Dřevnice River. It is known as an industrial centre. The development of the modern city is closely connected to the Bata Shoes company and its social scheme, developed after World War I. A large part of Zlín is urbanistically and architecturally valuable and is protected as an urban monument zone.
Valenta
Valenta (feminine Valentová) is a Czech and Slovak surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Aleš Valenta (b. 1973), Czech skier

Arnošt Valenta (1912–1944), Czech aviator, one of "The Fifty" men murdered by the Gestapo after the Great Escape, World War II

Edvard Valenta (1901–1978), Czech journalist and author

Ivo Valenta, Czech businessman and politician

Jaroslava Valentová, Czech athlete

Jiří Valenta (footballer), Czech footballer

Matěj Valenta, Czech footballer

Michal Valenta, Czech footballer

Ondřej Valenta, Czech cross-country skier

Róbert Valenta, Slovak footballer

Soňa Valentová, Slovak actress

Tereza Valentová, Czech tennis player

Velimir Valenta (1929–2004), Croatian rower

Věroslav Valenta, Czech athlete

Vít Valenta (b. 1983), Czech football player

Zdeněk Valenta, Czech canoer

Ivo Valenta
Ivo Valenta (born 3 August 1956) is a Czech businessman and politician. Valenta owns betting firm SYNOT and served as Senator from Uherské Hradiště.

Between 2014 and 2020, he was a senator for District 81 - Uherské Hradiště, from 2016 to October 2020 he was a councillor of the Zlín Region and from 2018 to 2019 a councillor of the city of Zlín (non-party member of the Party of Privateers of the Czech Republic).
Iijima
Iijima is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ai Iijima (1972–2008), Japanese actress, media personality

Chris Iijima (1948–2005), American folksinger, educator and legal scholar

Eiji Iijima (born 1979), Japanese shogi player

Hideo Iijima (飯島 秀雄; born 1944), Japanese sprinter and baseball player

Hiroki Iijima (born 1996), Japanese actor and model

Junichi Iijima (born 1954), Japanese computer scientist

Kametaro Iijima, Japanese Consul General in 1913

Mari Iijima (born 1963), Japanese singer-songwriter

Naoko Iijima (born 1968), japanese actress

Sumio Iijima (born 1939), discoverer of carbon nanotubes

Tadashi Iijima (1902–1996), Japanese film critic

Yukari Iijima (born 1964), Japanese politician (Liberal Democratic Party)

Ai Iijima
Ai Iijima (Japanese: 飯島 愛, Hepburn: Iijima Ai; October 31, 1972 – December 17, 2008) was a Japanese media personality, writer, activist and actress who was an AV idol early in her career, starring in more than 100 films. She later became the hostess on the nighttime television program, Gilgamesh Night, and transitioned away from AV work. After ending her career in adult videos, Iijima released a musical single Naisho DE Ai! Ai! (ナイショ DE アイ!アイ!) in July 1993 and soon became a regular on daytime TV talk shows. Iijima became involved in campaigns to educate the public about HIV/AIDS, a cause that few Japanese celebrities were willing to undertake.

On December 24, 2008 at about 3:30 p.m. (JST), Iijima was found dead in her 21st floor Tokyo apartment. Pathology examination showed she had died of pneumonia shortly after retiring from the public eye.
Thippaji Circle
Thippaji Circle  is a 2015 Indian Kannada-language drama film written and directed by Aditya Chikkanna. The film stars Pooja Gandhi and Suresh Sharma. The supporting cast features Bhavya, Neha Patil and Dhruv Sharma.

The movie narrates the life of a devadasi, Thippava (Pooja Gandhi), and is based on a novel by B. L. Venu. Venu also wrote the film's dialogues, for which he earned an award at the 2014 Karnataka State Film Awards. The film received an A certificate from the Central Board of Film Certification since the item number it featured was deemed provocative.

Central Board of Film Certification
The Central Board of Film Certification (CBFC) is a statutory film-certification body in the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting of the Government of India. It is tasked with "regulating the public exhibition of films under the provisions of the Cinematograph Act 1952." The Cinematograph Act 1952 outlines a strict certification process for commercial films shown in public venues. Films screened in cinemas and on television may only be publicly exhibited in India after certification by the board and edited.
Holt Renfrew Centre
The Holt Renfrew Centre is a shopping mall on Bloor Street West in downtown Toronto, Ontario, Canada, on the Mink Mile in the Yorkville neighbourhood. It opened in 1979, and is owned and managed by Morguard. The mall spans approximately 275,000 square feet (25,500 m2) of gross leasable area, of which 190,000 square feet (18,000 m2) is occupied by the Holt Renfrew flagship store. The Path pedestrian tunnel connects the mall to facilities including the nearby Bloor–Yonge station serving the Toronto subway, and the 2 Bloor East complex.

Downtown Toronto
Downtown Toronto is the main city centre of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Located entirely within the district of Old Toronto, it is approximately 16.6 square kilometres (6.4 sq mi) in area, bordered by Bloor Street to the northeast, a Canadian Pacific Railway line to the northwest, Lake Ontario to the south, the Don Valley to the east, and Bathurst Street to the west. It is also the home of the municipal government of Toronto and the Government of Ontario.

The area showcases Canada's largest concentration of skyscrapers and businesses that form Toronto's skyline. Since 2022, downtown Toronto had the second most skyscrapers in North America exceeding 200 metres (656 ft) in height, behind only Midtown Manhattan, New York City.
Tehmina Kaoosji
Tehmina Bakhtyar Kaoosji (born 15 May 1984) is an Indian journalist, producer, activist and actress. Based in Malaysia, she is known for her advocacy towards gender equality and social justice. She has been featured on various media outlets, and has partaken in various panel debates.

Bernama TV
Bernama TV (known briefly as Bernama News Channel from 2016 to 2019) is a Malaysian free-to-air news television network. Launched on 28 February 2008, it is owned by Bernama, a government news agency. It airs news programmes that are related to local and international business, lifestyle, sports and entertainment as well as in-house programmes.

Alongside its main focus as a Malay-language news television channel, Bernama TV also produces news and current affairs content in Malaysia's other official languages of English, Chinese, and Tamil across its platforms. It can be viewed nationwide on MYTV Channel 121, Astro Channel 502 and Unifi TV Channel 631.
Eigersund
Eigersund is a municipality in Rogaland county, Norway. It is in the traditional district of Dalane. The administrative centre of the municipality is the town of Egersund. The town was known for its pottery factory (closed in 1979) and it is among Norway's biggest fishing ports. The villages of Helleland, Hellvik, and Hestnes are also in Eigersund.

The island of Eigerøya lies just off shore from Egersund. The island has several well-known businesses and attractions including the Eigerøy war memorial from World War II.

The 432-square-kilometre (167 sq mi) municipality is the 228th largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Eigersund is the 80th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 15,011. The municipality's population density is 38.7 inhabitants per square kilometre (100/sq mi) and its population has increased by 2.6% over the previous 10-year period.

Rogaland
Rogaland (Norwegian: [ˈrûːɡɑlɑn] ⓘ) is a county in Western Norway, bordering the North Sea to the west and the counties of Vestland to the north, Telemark to the east and Agder to the east and southeast. As of 1 January 2024, it had a population of 499,417 people.

The administrative centre of the county is the city of Stavanger, which is the third largest city in Norway.
Defiance (2008 film)
Defiance is a 2008 American epic war film directed by Edward Zwick, and starring Daniel Craig as Tuvia Bielski, Liev Schreiber as Zus Bielski, Jamie Bell as Asael Bielski, and George MacKay as Aron Bielski. Set during the occupation of Belarus by Nazi Germany, the film's screenplay by Clayton Frohman and Zwick was based on Nechama Tec's 1993 book Defiance: The Bielski Partisans, an account of the eponymous group led by Belarusian Jewish brothers, who saved and recruited Jews in Belarus during World War II.

The film was released in select theaters in the United States on December 31, 2008, followed by general release worldwide in January 2009.

Epic film
Epic films have large scale, sweeping scope, and spectacle. The term is slightly ambiguous, sometimes designating a film genre and at other times simply big-budget films. Like epics in the classical literary sense, it is often focused on a heroic character. An epic's ambitious nature helps to set it apart from other genres such as the period piece or adventure film.

Epic historical films would usually take a historical or a mythical event and add an extravagant setting, lavish costumes, an expansive musical score, and an ensemble cast, which would make them extremely expensive to produce. The most common subjects of epic films are royalty and important figures from various periods in world history.
Nagaoka, Niigata
Nagaoka (長岡市, Nagaoka-shi) is a city located in Niigata Prefecture, Japan. It is the second largest city in the prefecture, after the capital city of Niigata. As of 4 August 2021, the city had an estimated population of 264,611 in 109,283 households and a population density of 300 inhabitants per square kilometre (780/sq mi). The total area of the city was 891.06 square kilometres (344.04 sq mi).

Hokuriku Expressway
The Hokuriku Expressway (北陸自動車道, Hokuriku Jidōsha-dō), 
(abbreviated as Hokuriku Expwy (北陸道, Hokurikudō), is a 4-laned national expressway in Japan. It is owned and managed by East Nippon Expressway Company and Central Nippon Expressway Company.
M111 offensive hand grenade
The M111 offensive hand grenade is designed to produce blast overpressure and concussion effects in enclosed spaces. In such environments, it generates shock waves (overpressure) greater than those of a fragmentation grenade, making it more effective against enemy personnel in bunkers, buildings, and other fortified positions. The M111 will replace the MK3A2. The M111 was type classified in 2020 and had material release in 2025.

Overpressure
Overpressure (or blast overpressure) is the pressure caused by a shock wave over and above normal atmospheric pressure.  The shock wave may be caused by sonic boom or by explosion, and the resulting overpressure receives particular attention when measuring the effects of nuclear weapons or thermobaric bombs.
Yui Kamiji
Yui Kamiji (上地 結衣, Kamiji Yui; born 24 April 1994 in Akashi, Hyōgo Prefecture) is a Japanese professional wheelchair tennis player. She has won 33 major titles, as well as a Paralympic silver and bronze medal in singles and doubles, respectively, at the 2020 Tokyo Paralympics. She would later win gold in both at the 2024 Paris Paralympics. She also won a bronze medal in singles at the 2016 Rio Paralympics.

Partnering Jordanne Whiley, Kamiji achieved the Grand Slam in doubles in 2014, and also won the Wheelchair Tennis Masters in doubles. Kamiji is currently managed by Avex Group under its Avex Challenged Athletes program.

Wheelchair tennis
Wheelchair tennis is one of the forms of tennis adapted for wheelchair users. The size of the court, net height and rackets are the same, but there are two major differences from pedestrian tennis: athletes use specially designed wheelchairs, and the ball may bounce up to two times, where the second bounce may also occur outside the court.

Wheelchair tennis has been played at all four Grand Slams since 2007 and is one of the sports played at the Summer Paralympics. There are three categories: Men, Women, and Quads; each category has singles and doubles tournaments. The Quad, the newest division, is for players who have substantial loss of function in at least one upper limb, but may include various disabilities besides quadriplegia. The division is sometimes called Mixed, especially at the Paralympic Games. Quad players often tape the rackets to their hand, to compensate for loss of function, and some players are allowed to use electric-powered wheelchairs.
Harriet Fraad
Harriet Fraad (born August 19, 1941) is an American feminist activist, psychotherapist and hypnotherapist in New York City. She has been practicing as a psychotherapist and hypnotherapist for 37 years. She is said to be a founding member of the Feminist movement, owed in part to her founding of the Women's Liberation Movement in 1968. She is the founder of the journal Rethinking Marxism and specializes in writing about the intersection between economics and psychology.

Hypnotherapy
Hypnotherapy, also known as hypnotic medicine, is the use of hypnosis in psychotherapy. Hypnosis is a state of deep focus and openness to suggestion that usually begins with relaxation and guided instructions. Some people respond more strongly than others, and researchers explain that hypnosis is not a magical trance but a form of concentrated attention and expectation (Heap & Naish, 2012). Hypnotherapy is generally not considered to be based on scientific evidence, and is rarely recommended in clinical practice guidelines. However, several psychological reviews and meta-analyses suggest that hypnotherapy can be effective as an adjunctive treatment for a number of disorders, including chronic and acute pain, irritable bowel syndrome, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), phobias, and some eating disorders.