hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dipicolinic acid
Dipicolinic acid (pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid or PDC and DPA) is a chemical compound which plays a role in the heat resistance of bacterial endospores. It is also used to prepare dipicolinato ligated lanthanide and transition metal complexes for ion chromatography.

Coordination complex
A coordination complex is a chemical compound consisting of a central atom or ion, which is usually metallic and is called the coordination centre, and a surrounding array of bound molecules or ions, that are in turn known as ligands or complexing agents.  Many metal-containing compounds, especially those that include transition metals (elements like titanium that belong to the periodic table's d-block), are coordination complexes.
Kokoamu Greensand
The Kokoamu Greensand is a geological formation found in New Zealand.  It is a fossil-bearing, late Oligocene, greensand rock unit of the eastern South Island, especially the Waitaki District of North Otago and the southern Canterbury region.  The formation was named by geologist Maxwell Gage in the 1950s. In North Otago it underlies the thicker and harder Otekaike Limestone. The formation gets its green colour from the mineral glauconite which forms slowly on the ocean floor.

North Otago
North Otago is an area in New Zealand that covers the area of the Otago region between Shag Point and the Waitaki River, and extends inland to the west as far as the village of Omarama (which has experienced rapid growth as a developing centre for astronomy and for gliding).
Ohio State Route 578
State Route 578 (SR 578) was a short north–south state highway in northwestern Ohio, a U.S. state. SR 578 ranked among the shortest state routes in the state, coming in at a length of just 0.19 miles (0.31 km). Its southern terminus was at SR 65 in Grand Rapids, and its northern terminus was at what was then U.S. Route 24 (US 24), just across the Maumee River and the Wood-Lucas county line from Grand Rapids. After SR 295 was extended from its southern terminus along the Maumee River and the former route of US 24, it took over all of SR 578 in 2012 thereby deleting the SR 578 designation.

Maumee River
The Maumee River (pronounced /mɔːˈmiː/) (Shawnee: Hotaawathiipi; Miami-Illinois: Taawaawa siipiiwi) is a river running in the Midwestern United States from northeastern Indiana into northwestern Ohio and Lake Erie. It is formed at the confluence of the St. Joseph and St. Marys rivers, where Fort Wayne, Indiana, has developed, and meanders northeastwardly for 137 miles (220 km) through an agricultural region of glacial moraines before flowing into the Maumee Bay of Lake Erie. The city of Toledo is located at the mouth of the Maumee. The Maumee was designated an Ohio State Scenic River on July 18, 1974. The Maumee watershed is Ohio's breadbasket; it is two-thirds farmland, mostly corn and soybeans. It is the largest watershed of any of the rivers feeding the Great Lakes, and supplies five percent of Lake Erie's water.
Jalaput Dam
The Jalaput Dam is a hydroelectric dam built on the upper reaches of the Sileru River, which is known locally as Machkund River. The Sileru River is a tributary of the Sabari River, which in turn  is a tributary of the Godavari. in India which rises in the Mudugal hills of Alluri Sitharama Raju district and near Ondra Gadda it becomes the boundary between the states of Andhra Pradesh and Odisha. This dam is the most ignored one in India, and currently it is in dilapidated condition.

Jeypore
Jeypore is a city in Koraput district in the Indian state of Odisha. It was established by Vir Vikram Dev in the mid 17th century. Dev's  kingdom was defeated by the East India Company in 1777 who declared it a Zamindari or Feudatory of the British Crown and much later a Princely state until its dissolution in the Dominion of India in 1947.
Danskin's theorem
In convex analysis, Danskin's theorem is a theorem which provides information about the derivatives of a function of the form

The theorem has applications in optimization, where it sometimes is used to solve minimax problems. The original theorem given by J. M. Danskin in his 1967 monograph  provides a formula for the directional derivative of the maximum of a (not necessarily convex) directionally differentiable function.

An extension to more general conditions was proven 1971 by Dimitri Bertsekas.

Minimax
Minimax (sometimes Minmax, MM or saddle point) is a decision rule used in artificial intelligence, decision theory, combinatorial game theory, statistics, and philosophy for minimizing the possible loss for a worst case (maximum loss) scenario. When dealing with gains, it is referred to as "maximin" – to maximize the minimum gain. Originally formulated for several-player zero-sum game theory, covering both the cases where players take alternate moves and those where they make simultaneous moves, it has also been extended to more complex games and to general decision-making in the presence of uncertainty.
National Cultural Sites of Uganda
National Cultural Sites of Uganda are a type of cultural heritage monuments, defined by the Uganda Museum. The sites are subdivided by administrative region and listed below.

List of National Cultural Sites in Central Region, Uganda

List of National Cultural Sites in Western Region, Uganda

List of National Cultural Sites in Eastern Region, Uganda

List of National Cultural Sites in Northern Region, Uganda

Uganda Museum
The Uganda Museum is located in Kampala, Uganda. It displays and exhibits ethnological, natural-historical and traditional life collections of Uganda's cultural heritage. It was founded in 1908, after Governor George Wilson called for "all articles of interest" on Uganda to be procured. Among the collections in the Uganda Museum are playable musical instruments, hunting equipment, weaponry, archaeology and entomology.
Joseph Herscher
Joseph Herscher is a YouTube personality known for his channel Joseph's Machines. Herscher is a kinetic artist who specializes in making comical chain-reaction machines. He made his first machine, the Lolly Machine, when he was five.

He was a 2013 Artist-in-Residence at the McColl Center for Art + Innovation in Charlotte, North Carolina.

Herscher's parents are the singer Linn Lorkin and Herschal Herscher. He was born in New York City. grew up in Auckland, New Zealand, and then moved back to New York City where he continued to create his eccentric machines. He is also a public speaker. Joseph created and starred in the 2015 comedy web series Jiwi's Machines. In July 2019, he launched a new web series, What's Your Problem?, co-created with Gemma Gracewood and made by Augusto Entertainment. As of June 2021, Herscher was living in London.

Many of Herscher's devices are referred to as Rube Goldberg machines.

Herscher is Jewish and gay.

Rube Goldberg machine
A Rube Goldberg machine, named after American cartoonist Rube Goldberg, is a chain reaction–type machine or contraption intentionally designed to perform a simple task in a comically overcomplicated way. Usually, these machines consist of a series of simple unrelated devices; the action of each triggers the initiation of the next, eventually resulting in achieving a stated goal.

The design of such a "machine" is often presented on paper and would be impossible to implement in actuality. More recently, such machines have been fully constructed for entertainment (for example, a breakfast scene in Pee-wee's Big Adventure) and in Rube Goldberg competitions.
Dehwar
The Dehwar are an ethnic group of the Balochistan region of Pakistan and Iran. They have traditionally been settled agriculturalists (in contrast to the nomadic Baloch). They speak Dehwari, a variety of Persian close to Dari and Tajik. They may be descendants of settled local populations predating the Baloch migration. In the Khanate of Kalat from the 17th century and later, the community was the source of recruits for the state's bureaucracy.

Khanate of Kalat
The Khanate of Kalat, also known as the Brahui Confederacy, was a Brahui Khanate that originated in the modern-day Kalat region of Pakistan. Formed in 1666 due to the threat of Mughal expansion in the region, it controlled the wider Balochistan at its greatest extent in the mid-18th century, extending from Kerman in the west to Sindh in the east and from Helmand River in the north to the Arabian Sea in the south.

The Khanate of Kalat was sacked by the British in 1839. In 1875, Kalat became a self-governing state under a subsidiary alliance with British India following the signing of the Treaty of Kalat by the Khan of Kalat and the Brahui Sardars. Supervision of Kalat was assigned to the Baluchistan Agency. Kalat remained independent from 12 August 1947 until 27 March 1948, when its ruler, Ahmad Yar Khan, acceded to Pakistan
Bangor and Portland Railway
The Bangor and Portland Railway (B&P) was an American railroad incorporated in 1879. It began operations between Bangor and Portland, Pennsylvania, the following year. In 1880, the company merged with the Bangor and Bath Railroad, giving an extension to Bath. A branch opened in 1885 from Bangor, extending along Martins Creek to connect with the Pennsylvania Railroad at the town of Martins Creek on the Delaware River. The Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad (DL&W) acquired the B&P as its Bangor and Portland Division in July 1903, and fully absorbed it six years later.

Martins Creek, Pennsylvania
Martins Creek is a census-designated place in Lower Mount Bethel Township, Pennsylvania located along Martins Creek. Its population was 664 as of the 2020 U.S. census. Martins Creek is part of the Lehigh Valley metropolitan area, which had a population of 861,899 and was the 68th-most populous metropolitan area in the U.S. as of the 2020 census. The Zip Code is 18063.
Real Mataram
Real Mataram FC was a professional Indonesian football club based in Yogyakarta, SR Yogyakarta. The team were played in Liga Primer Indonesia. In the mid-season, they found themselves in 16th in the league, below their early season target. A massive player reformation has been carried out, in which twelve player including two foreign player terminated from their contracts. There are indications that second reformation have been planned, and Real Mataram are now sought to obtain local players from Special Region of Jogjakarta's Liga Indonesia Premier Division clubs.

Liga Primer Indonesia
Liga Primer Indonesia (LPI, sometimes translated to English as Indonesian Premier League) was an Indonesian independent football league held in 2011. It was managed by Konsorsium Liga Premier Indonesia and PT Liga Primer Indonesia and was not recognized (initially) by the PSSI. Nineteen clubs took part in its inaugural and only season which was running from January to May 2011. The first kick-off was held on 8 January 2011 in Manahan Stadium, Solo, Central Java. Despite its original full-season schedule, the league was then stopped during the half-season break when Persebaya 1927 was currently leading the table.
XHUAX-FM
XHUAX-FM is a radio station serving Toluca in the State of Mexico. It is the radio station of the Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México and broadcasts on 99.7 FM from its campus, with a transmitter on the Radio y Televisión Mexiquense tower in Metepec.

Autonomous University of Mexico State
The Autonomous University of Mexico State   (Spanish: Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México) (UAEM) is a public university in the State of Mexico, Mexico. It is the largest university institution in the state with over 84,500 students, with its central campus located in the state capital of Toluca. Formalised as a university under the UAEM name in 1956, the institution traces its origins back to 1828 with the foundation Instituto Literario del Estado de México, in the former state capital of Tlalpan. In 1943 the institution was augmented to become the Instituto Científico y Literario de Toluca (ICLA), and thirteen years later obtaining its present name and institutional status.
Pyotr Golovin
Pyotr Petrovich Golovin (d. 1654) was a Russian statesman and military leader, he held the positions of Stolnik (1639) and Okolnichy. He was the first governor of Yakutia, and Viceroy of Kashira. He was the second son of boyar Pyotr Petrovich Menshoy Golovin, and the younger brother of okolnichy and voivode Vasily Petrovich Golovin.

Boyar
A boyar or bolyar was a member of the highest rank of the feudal nobility in many Eastern European states, including Bulgaria, Kievan Rus' (and later Russia), Moldavia and Wallachia (and later Romania), Lithuania and among Baltic Germans. Comparable to Dukes/Grand Dukes, Boyars were second only to the ruling princes, grand princes or tsars from the 10th to the 17th centuries.
Ovidiu
Ovidiu (Romanian pronunciation: [oˈvidju], historical name: Canara, Turkish: Kanara) is a town situated a few kilometres north of Constanța in Constanța County, Northern Dobruja, Romania. Ovidiu is quite small, with a population of 13,968 as of 2021, and many wealthy inhabitants of Constanța retire there. It officially became a town in 1989, as a result of the Romanian rural systematization program.

In 1930, the town was renamed Ovidiu after the Roman poet Ovid (Latin: Ovidius). He was supposedly buried on a nearby small island (also called Ovidiu) in the Siutghiol Lake.

Northern Dobruja
Northern Dobruja (Romanian: Dobrogea de Nord or simply Dobrogea; Bulgarian: Северна Добруджа, Severna Dobrudzha) is the part of Dobruja within the borders of Romania. It lies between the lower Danube River and the Black Sea, bordered in the south by Southern Dobruja, which is a part of Bulgaria.
Gelocidae
The Gelocidae are an extinct family of hornless ruminantia that are estimated to have lived during the Eocene and Oligocene epochs, from 36 MYA to 6 MYA. The family generally includes ruminants with dental traits of both the Tragulina and Pecora, making it a notorious wastebasket taxon with unresolved affinities.

Wastebasket taxon
Wastebasket taxon (also called a waste-bin taxon, dustbin taxon or catch-all taxon) is a term used by some taxonomists to refer to a taxon that has the purpose of classifying organisms that do not fit anywhere else. They are typically defined by either their designated members' often superficial similarity to each other, or their lack of one or more distinct character states or by their not belonging to one or more other taxa. Wastebasket taxa are by definition either paraphyletic or polyphyletic, and are therefore not considered valid taxa under strict cladistic rules of taxonomy. The name of a wastebasket taxon may in some cases be retained as the designation of an evolutionary grade, however.
Eurolot
Eurolot S.A. (previously styled as EuroLOT) was a Polish regional airline based in Warsaw. Apart from its own flights under the eurolot.com brand, it operated short-haul flights for LOT Polish Airlines, as well as ad hoc charter flights. Its main base was Warsaw Frederic Chopin Airport (when operating for LOT), whilst its own flights centre on its hubs at John Paul II Kraków Airport and Gdańsk Lech Wałęsa Airport. The airline had its head office in the LOT Polish Airlines headquarters in Warsaw. Eurolot ended operations on 31 March 2015.  The company slogan was Polish: Zawsze z klasą, Always classy.

Kraków John Paul II International Airport
John Paul II Kraków Balice International Airport (Polish: Międzynarodowy Port Lotniczy im. Jana Pawła II Kraków-Balice) (IATA: KRK, ICAO: EPKK)) is an international airport located near Kraków, in the village of Balice, 11 km (6.8 mi) west of the city centre, in southern Poland.

The airport is named after Pope John Paul II (1920–2005). It is the second-busiest airport of the country in terms of the volume of passengers served annually after Warsaw Chopin Airport. In 2024, it handled over 11 million passengers.
WEDO
WEDO (810 kHz) is a commercial AM radio station licensed to McKeesport, Pennsylvania and serving Greater Pittsburgh.  It carries a brokered programming radio format.  Hosts buy segments of time on the station and may use their shows to advertise their products and services or seek donations to their ministries.  Some shows are for ethnic communities, some are religious and others are devoted to special interests.  WEDO is owned by Robert and Ashley Stevens through licensee Broadcast Communications, Inc.  The studios and offices are located at the intersection of US Route 30 and PA Route 48 in North Versailles, Pennsylvania, sharing space with other BCI-owned stations.

Greater Pittsburgh
Greater Pittsburgh is the metropolitan area surrounding the city of Pittsburgh in Western Pennsylvania, United States. The region includes Allegheny County,  Pittsburgh's urban core county and economic hub, and seven adjacent Pennsylvania counties: Armstrong, Beaver, Butler, Fayette, Lawrence, Washington, and Westmoreland in Western Pennsylvania, which constitutes the Pittsburgh, PA Metropolitan Statistical Area MSA as defined by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget.

As of the 2020 census, the Greater Pittsburgh region had a population of over 2.45 million people. Pittsburgh, the region's core city, has a population of 302,971, the second-largest in the state after Philadelphia. Over half of the region's population resides within Allegheny County, which has a population of 1.24 million and is the state's second-largest county after Philadelphia County.
Bacent Othman
Bacent Othman (Arabic: بسنت عثمان; born August 23, 1977, is an Egyptian table tennis player. Her highest career ITTF ranking was 256. She represented Egypt in 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, where she competed in women's doubles event in table tennis competition. She also participated in the 2005 and 2007 World Table Tennis Championships.

2007 World Table Tennis Championships
The 2007 World Table Tennis Championships was a table tennis tournament that took place in Zagreb, Croatia from May 21 through to May 27, 2007. China won a clean sweep of all the gold and silver medals.
Salenside
Salenside is a village off the A7, on the Ale Water, near Ashkirk, in the Scottish Borders area of Scotland, in the former Selkirkshire. There was a Salenside Tower house, but nothing remains of it. Salenside Farm and Salenside Cottage exist. The placenames Selkirk and Salenside are related.

Other places nearby include Appletreehall, Essenside, Hawick, Lilliesleaf, Philiphaugh, and Woll.

Selkirkshire
Selkirkshire (or the County of Selkirk) is a historic county and registration county of Scotland. It borders Peeblesshire to the west, Midlothian to the north, Roxburghshire to the east, and Dumfriesshire to the south. It derives its name from its county town, the royal burgh of Selkirk. The county was historically also known as Ettrick Forest.

Unlike many historic counties, Selkirkshire does not have its own lieutenancy area, but forms part of the Roxburgh, Ettrick and Lauderdale lieutenancy area.
Principality of Kod
The Principality of Kod (Cyrillic: Кодское княжество), or the Principality of Koda (Кода), was a Khanty principality located in north Western Siberia from the 15th to 17th century. It was located on both banks of the Ob River and along the river tributaries of Kazym and Irtysh, occupying an area approximately now the Oktyabrsky District of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug. The rulers of Kod, the House of Alachev, had in their possession various fortified towns along the banks of the Ob, the largest of which being the capital of Shorkar (lit. "city on a stream"), later Alachev. Kod was generally allies of the Grand Duchy of Moscow, and later the Tsardom of Russia, engaging in conflicts with other Yugra states like the Principality of Pelym, though occasionally also siding with enemies of Moscow, like Kuchum Khan of the Sibir Khanate or rebel Ivan Bolotnikov. The principality was ultimately annexed into the expanding Russian state in 1643.

Irtysh
The Irtysh (/ɜːrˈtɪʃ, ˈɪərtɪʃ/) is a river in Russia, China, and Kazakhstan. It is the chief tributary of the Ob and is also the longest tributary in the world.

The river's source lies in the Mongolian Altai in Dzungaria (the northern part of Xinjiang, China) close to the border with Mongolia.

The Irtysh's main tributaries include the Tobol, Demyanka and the Ishim. The Ob-Irtysh system forms a major drainage basin in Asia, encompassing most of Western Siberia and the Altai Mountains.
Sarah Staton
Sarah Staton (born 1961) is a British sculptor. She is head of the sculpture programme at the Royal College of Art.

Sarah Staton was born in 1961. Her work is in the permanent collection of the Tate Gallery.

Staton makes exhibitions, commissioned sculptures for specific sites, furniture and publications. In the late 1980s Staton opened up her Bloomsbury squat as a gallery, and named it Milch. Milch became one of the best known art spaces of its kind at the time. Staton is also known for decorating the lawn of the Serpentine Gallery with a Union flag of smashed bottles.

One of Staton's most well known projects is the Sarah Staton Supastore, a peripatetic shop selling works by up-and-coming contemporaries, unknowns and established artists such as Sol LeWitt, Mile Kelley and Steve Willats. The Supastore has appeared in Laure Genillard Gallery, the ICA in London, the San Francisco Art Fair, and the Middlesbrough Art Gallery.

Sol LeWitt
Solomon "Sol" LeWitt (September 9, 1928 – April 8, 2007) was an American artist linked to various movements, including conceptual art and minimalism.

LeWitt came to fame in the late 1960s with his wall drawings and "structures" (a term he preferred to "sculptures") but was prolific in a wide range of media including drawing, printmaking, photography, painting, installation, and artist's books. He has been the subject of hundreds of solo exhibitions in museums and galleries around the world since 1965. The first biography of the artist, Sol LeWitt: A Life of Ideas, by Lary Bloom, was published by Wesleyan University Press in the spring of 2019.
Ernst Ranke
Ernst Constantin Ranke (10 September 1814, Wiehe – 30 July 1888, Marburg an der Lahn) was a German Protestant theologian; since 1850, a professor of church history. He was the brother of historian Leopold von Ranke (1795–1886), theologian Friedrich Heinrich Ranke (1798–1876) and philologist Karl Ferdinand Ranke (1802–1876).

Marburg
Marburg (/ˈmɑːrbʊərk/; German: [ˈmaːɐ̯bʊʁk] or [ˈmaʁbʊʁk] ⓘ) is a university town in the German state (Land) of Hesse and the capital of the Marburg-Biedenkopf district (Landkreis). The town area spreads along the valley of the river Lahn and has a population of approximately 76,000.

Having been awarded town privileges in 1222, Marburg served as capital of the landgraviate of Hessen-Marburg during periods of the 15th to 17th centuries. The University of Marburg was founded in 1527 and dominates the public life in the town to this day.

Marburg is a historic centre of the pharmaceutical industry in Germany, and there is a plant in the town (by BioNTech) to produce vaccines to tackle COVID-19.
Rollin' with the Flow
"Rollin' with the Flow" is a song first released by American country music artist T.G. Sheppard, in 1974 on the B-side of a single and in 1975 on his debut album T.G. Sheppard. It is better known for a version released by Charlie Rich in 1977. The Rich single was his eighth Number One on the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Singles charts. "Rollin' with the Flow" also crossed over into the top-40 of the adult contemporary music charts and narrowly missed the Billboard Hot 100, peaking at number 101 on the Bubbling Under the Hot 100 chart. The song returned to the country music charts in 2008, with a version by Mark Chesnutt reaching number 25 on the Billboard  Hot Country Songs chart.

T. G. Sheppard
William Neal Browder (born July 20, 1944) is an American country music singer, known professionally as T. G. Sheppard.  He had 14 number-one hits on the US country charts between 1974 and 1986, including eight consecutive number ones between 1980 and 1982.