hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gnophos
Gnophos is a genus in the geometer moth family (Geometridae). A mostly Old World lineage, it is abundant in the Palearctic, with some North American species as well; in Europe six species are recorded. This genus has about 120 known species altogether in several recognized subgenera, with new ones still being discovered occasionally.

This is the type genus of the tribe Gnophini in subfamily Ennominae, which some authors include in the Boarmiini.

Old World
The "Old World" (Latin: Mundus vetus) is a term for Afro-Eurasia coined by Europeans after 1493, when they became aware of the existence of the Americas. It is used to contrast the continents of Africa, Europe, and Asia in the Eastern Hemisphere, previously thought of by the Europeans as the entire world, with the "New World", a term for the newly encountered lands of the Western Hemisphere, particularly the Americas.
Playaz of da Game
Playaz of da Game is a compilation album by American rapper Juvenile featuring DJ Jimi. It was released on September 26, 2000, via D3 Entertainment, and is compiled of Juvenile's songs recorded before he was signed with Ca$h Money Records. The album peaked at #78 on the Billboard Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums and #21 on the Independent Albums charts in the United States.

The song "Got It Going On" was listed in Vibe magazine as one of, if not the most, uses of the word "nigga" in one song. The tally totals 416 mentions.

Vibe (magazine)
Vibe is an American music and entertainment magazine founded by producers David Salzman and Quincy Jones. The publication predominantly features R&B and hip hop music artists, actors and other entertainers. After shutting down production in the summer of 2009, it was purchased by the private equity investment fund InterMedia Partners, then issued bi-monthly with double covers and a larger online presence. The magazine's target demographic is predominantly young, urban followers of hip hop culture. In 2014, the magazine discontinued its print version.

The magazine features a broader range of interests than its closest competitors The Source and XXL, which focus more narrowly on rap music, or the rock- and pop-centric Rolling Stone and Spin. The May 1998 Vibe article "Racer X" by Ken Li is credited as the basis for the 2001 film The Fast and the Furious and the resulting franchise.
Madrean region
The Madrean region (named after the Sierra Madre Occidental) is a floristic region within the Holarctic kingdom in North America, as delineated by Armen Takhtajan and Robert F. Thorne. It occupies arid or semiarid areas in the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico and is bordered by the Rocky Mountain floristic region and North American Atlantic region of the Holarctic kingdom in the north and in the east, Caribbean region of the Neotropical kingdom in the south.

The Madrean region is characterized by a very distinct flora with at least three endemic families (Fouquieriaceae, Simmondsiaceae, and Setchellanthaceae). Crossosomataceae, Garryaceae, Lennoaceae, Limnanthaceae and Stegnospermataceae have their principal development here; for Onagraceae, Polemoniaceae and Hydrophyllaceae it is the major center of diversity. More than 250 genera and probably more than half of the species of the region are endemic to it according to Takhtajan.

Setchellanthus
Setchellanthus caeruleus is a species of pungent shrub with large blue flowers. It is placed alone in the genus Setchellanthus, which is in turn, is placed alone in the family Setchellanthaceae. It is endemic to Mexico.

The genus and the species were circumscribed by Townshend Stith Brandegee in Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. vol.3 on page 378 in 1909.

The genus name of Setchellanthus is in honour of William Albert Setchell (1864–1943), who was an American botanist and marine phycologist who taught at the University of California, Berkeley, where he headed the Botany Department. The specific epithet caeruleus is the Latin for "blue".
Baksi (surname)
Baksi is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Joe Baksi (1922–1977), American heavyweight boxer

Kurdo Baksi (born 1965), Swedish social commentator and author

Mahmud Baksi (1944–2000), Kurdish writer and journalist

Mahmud Baksi
Mahmud Baksi (Mahmûd Baksî; 16 September 1944 – 19 December 2000), was a Kurdish writer and journalist. He was born in the village of Suphî in the Batman Province of southeastern Turkey. He began to publish a newspaper titled Batman Gazetesi in 1967. He became the head of the Batman branch of the Workers Party of Turkey. From 1968 to 1970, he became involved in the labor union movement of Turkey. Around the same period, he was sentenced to 15 years in prison for promoting Kurdish nationalism and advocating for an independent Kurdistan. In 1970, he fled to Germany and later to Sweden where he stayed until his death. He continued writing several works on Kurdish history. He is buried in Diyarbakır. He is the uncle of Nalin Pekgul who have been active at the Swedish socialdemocratic party and journalist Kurdo Baksi.
Dynes
Dynes is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ernest Dynes (1903–1968), cricketer

Kieran Dynes (born 1970), racing driver

Robert C. Dynes (1942–2025), Canadian-American physicist, researcher, academic administrator, and professor

Wayne R. Dynes (1934–2021), art historian

William Dynes (1849–1935), politician

Kieran Dynes
Kieran Dynes (born 18 December 1970) is an Irish auto racing driver. He last competed in the European Late Model Series. He has also raced in the NASCAR Busch Series (now Xfinity Series) and the ARCA Racing Series in the United States.
The Kaiser's Last Kiss
The Kaiser's Last Kiss is a 2003 novel written by Alan Judd. The story gives a fictional account of the last few days in the life of exiled Kaiser Wilhelm II after his home at Doorn, Netherlands is taken over by the invading Germans during the opening months of the Second World War. The book was published by Harper Perennial. In October 2015, filming started for the adaptation of the book starring Lily James and Jai Courtney.

Hermine Reuss of Greiz
Princess Hermine Reuss of Greiz (German: Hermine, Prinzessin Reuß zu Greiz; 17 December 1887 – 7 August 1947) was the second wife of Wilhelm II, German Emperor. They were married in 1922, four years after he abdicated. Wilhelm was her second husband; her first husband, Prince Johann of Schönaich-Carolath, had died in 1920. She was called Empress Hermine by some supporters of the Hohenzollern dynasty.
Freddie Dunkelman
Frederick Francis Dunkelman (5 or 19 February 1920 – 23 July 2010) was a British ice hockey player who competed at the 1948 Winter Olympics. In St. Moritz he was a member of the British team that placed fifth in the ice hockey tournament. He was born in East Ham, Greater London, and was a member of the Harringay Greyhounds. In 1946 he founded Dunkelman & Son Ltd, now known as Dasco Shoe Care, in Battersea to manufacture and sell ice hockey sticks, but moved into the shoe trade in 1950 and to a new location in Desborough in 1969. He retired from the business after 61 years in 2007 and died in his sleep on 23 July 2010.

Desborough
Desborough is a town and civil parish in North Northamptonshire, England, lying in the Ise Valley between Market Harborough and Kettering. It was an industrial centre for weaving and shoe-making in the 19th century and had a long association with the Co-operative movement.
Fano Messan
Fano Messan (18 February 1902 – 11 February 1998) was a French actress, sculptor, painter and model known for her collaboration with artists such as Luís Buñuel, Salvador Dalí, Man Ray, Kees Van Dongen and for her participation in the Parisian cultural scene of late 20's. She is also famous for her androgyny.

Kees van Dongen
Cornelis Theodorus Maria "Kees" van Dongen (26 January 1877 – 28 May 1968) was a Dutch-French painter who was one of the leading Fauves. Van Dongen's early work was influenced by the Hague School and symbolism and it evolved gradually into a rough pointillist style. From 1905 onwards – when he took part at the controversial 1905 Salon d'Automne exhibition – his style became more and more radical in its use of form and colour. The paintings he made in the period of 1905–1910 are considered by some to be his most important works. The themes of his work from that period are predominantly centered on the nightlife. He painted dancers, singers, masquerades, and theatre. Van Dongen gained a reputation for his sensuous – at times garish – portraits, especially of women.
Rosenborg Annex
Rosenborg Annex (Danish: Rosenborg-Annekset)  is a National Romantic building situated at the corner of Rosenborggade and Tornebuskegade. close to Nørreport station, in central Copenhagen, Denmark. Built in 1915–17 to designs by Henning Hansen, it was constructed as an extension of the Danish YMCA's building on Gothersgade. It was listed in the Danish registry of protected buildings and places in 2007. The older part of the KFUM headquarters, a Historicist building from 1899–1900, designed by Jens Christian Kofoed, is not part of the heritage listing.

The Rosenborg Annex is located opposite the narrow green space that surrounds the Reformed Church, whose principal facade faces Gothersgade. The building is now owned by Jeudan. Epicurus, a combined restaurant, cocktail bar, and jazz venue, is now located in the basement.

Jens Christian Kofoed
Jens Christian Kofoed (6 April 1864 – 3 November 1941) was a Danish architect who adopted the Historicist style inspired by Italian architecture from the Middle Ages. He is remembered above all for his churches, seamen's homes and hostels.
California Senate Bill 1386 (2002)
California S.B. 1386 was a bill passed by the California legislature that amended the California law regulating the privacy of personal information: civil codes 1798.29, 1798.82 and 1798.84. This was an early example of many future U.S. and international security breach notification laws, it was introduced by California State Senator Steve Peace on February 12, 2002, and became operative July 1, 2003.

Law of California
The law of California consists of several levels, including constitutional, statutory, and regulatory law, as well as case law. The California Codes form the general statutory law, and most state agency regulations are available in the California Code of Regulations.
Jumping the broom
Jumping the broom (or jumping the besom) is a phrase and custom relating to a wedding ceremony in which the couple jumps over a broom. It is most widespread among African Americans and Black Canadians, popularized during the 1970s by the novel and miniseries Roots, and originated in mid-19th-century antebellum slavery in the United States. The custom is also attested in Irish weddings.

Possibly based on an 18th-century idiomatic synonym for a sham marriage (a marriage of doubtful validity), it was popularized with the introduction of civil marriage in Britain by the Marriage Act 1836. The expression may also derive from the custom of jumping over a besom ("broom" refers to the plant from which the household implement is made) associated with the Romanichal Travellers of the United Kingdom, especially those in Wales.

Civil marriage
A civil marriage is a marriage performed, recorded, and recognized by a government official. Such a marriage may be performed by a religious body and recognized by the state, or it may be entirely secular, in which it is known as a secular marriage.
Archbishop of Dublin (Church of Ireland)
The Archbishop of Dublin is a senior bishop in the Church of Ireland, second only to the Archbishop of Armagh. The archbishop is the diocesan bishop of the United Dioceses of Dublin and Glendalough and the metropolitan bishop of the Province of Dublin, which covers the southern half of Ireland, and he is styled Primate of Ireland (the Archbishop of Armagh is the "Primate of All Ireland").

The archbishop's throne (cathedra) is in Christ Church Cathedral in central Dublin. The incumbent, from 11 May 2011, is Michael Jackson who signs as +Michael DUBLIN.

Diocese of Meath and Kildare
The United Dioceses of Meath and Kildare is a diocese in the Church of Ireland located in Ireland. The diocese is in the ecclesiastical province of Dublin. Alone of English and Irish bishops who are not also archbishops, the Bishop of Meath and Kildare is styled "The Most Reverend".

The electoral college met in Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin on 28 May 2013 and no candidate put forward received the support of two-thirds of the electoral college voting in orders (lay and clergy). On 20 September 2013, it was announced that the House of Bishops (to whom the appointment had lapsed on the failure of the college's vote) had appointed as bishop-elect Pat Storey, who  became the first woman to be a bishop in the Church of Ireland.
Aphthoroblattina
Apthoroblattina is an extinct genus of primitive cockroaches from the Carboniferous period.  Fossils of the genus have been found in England, Wales, the United States, and Russia. The paratype specimen for the species A. johnsoni is recorded to have a total length of 43 mm (1.7 in) and a width of 38 mm (1.5 in), while the type specimen of A. sulcata is noted to have been up to 45 mm (1.8 in) in length and 25 mm (0.98 in) in width if complete.

Paratype
In zoology and botany, a paratype is a specimen of an organism that helps define what the scientific name of a species and other taxon actually represents, but it is not the holotype (and in botany is also neither an isotype nor a syntype). Often there is more than one paratype. Paratypes are usually held in museum research collections.

The exact meaning of the term paratype when it is used in zoology is not the same as the meaning when it is used in botany. In both cases however, this term is used in conjunction with holotype.
Railway Museum Kościerzyna
The Railway Museum in Kościerzyna (Polish: Muzeum Kolejnictwa w Kościerzynie) is a Polish railway museum located in Kościerzyna, Pomeranian Voivodeship. The museum is located in place of a now defunct locomotive depot near Kościerzyna railway station.

The exhibits consists mostly of steam locomotives, but several diesel and electric locomotives, as well as electric multiple units and diesel multiple units are also available for visitors.

Besides rolling stock displayed in the open air, inside the shed visitors can also see several exhibitions of machines and devices connected with Polish railway history.

Fablok
Fablok is a Polish manufacturer of locomotives, based in Chrzanów. Until 1947 the official name was First Factory of Locomotives in Poland Ltd. (Polish: Pierwsza Fabryka Lokomotyw w Polsce Sp. Akc.), Fablok being a widely used syllabic abbreviation of Fabryka Lokomotyw, among others as the company's telegraphic address. It is now named "BUMAR - FABLOK S.A.". Fablok is located in the town of Chrzanów in Lesser Poland. As of 2009, Fablok no longer builds new locomotives.
John Lynch (serial killer)
John  Lynch (c. 1812 – 22 April 1842) was an Irish-born Australian serial killer who confessed to the killing of ten people between 1836 and 1842.  He is possibly the most prolific individual serial killer in Australian history.
Lynch arrived in Australia as a convict, assigned to a farm in the Berrima district.  He murdered a fellow assigned convict in 1836 but was acquitted of the charge.  After a period in a convict gang he absconded, and by July 1841 he had made his way back to the Berrima district.  On two occasions Lynch murdered carriers along the road between Berrima and Camden, stealing their drays and teams.  In the latter half of 1841 Lynch murdered the farmer John Mulligan and his family, and took possession of their farm in the Berrima district using the name John Dunleavy.  He was convicted in March 1842 of the murder of Kearns Landregan, sentenced to death and executed by hanging in April 1842.

Convict
A convict is "a person found guilty of a crime and sentenced by a court" or "a person serving a sentence in prison". Convicts are often also known as "prisoners" or "inmates" or by the slang term "con", while a common label for former convicts, especially those recently released from prison, is "ex-con" ("ex-convict"). Persons convicted and sentenced to non-custodial sentences tend not to be described as "convicts".

The label of "ex-convict" usually has lifelong implications, such as social stigma or reduced opportunities for employment. The federal government of Australia, for instance, will not, in general, employ an ex-convict, while some state and territory governments may limit the time for or before which a former convict may be employed.
Muvalaplin
Muvalaplin is an investigational new drug that is being evaluated in clinical trials for the treatment of cardiovascular disease associated with elevated lipoprotein(a) levels.  It is an orally bioavailable small molecule drug that blocks the initial interaction between apolipoprotein(a) and apoB100, thereby preventing the assembly of new lipoprotein(a) particles without interfering with plasminogen function. Large-scale studies are underway to assess muvalaplin’s safety and efficacy for reducing cardiovascular risk in people with high levels of lipoprotein(a).

Lipoprotein(a)
Lipoprotein(a) is a low-density lipoprotein variant containing a protein called apolipoprotein(a). Genetic and epidemiological studies have identified lipoprotein(a) as a risk factor for atherosclerosis and related diseases, such as coronary heart disease and stroke.

Lipoprotein(a) was discovered in 1963 by Kåre Berg. The human gene encoding apolipoprotein(a) was successfully cloned in 1987.
Talia Saunders
Talia Jay Saunders (born 24 October 1986) is an Australian badminton player. Saunders won the mixed doubles title at the Australian National Badminton Championships with three different partners in 2011, 2013, 2014 and 2015. At the Oceania Championships, she reach the semi-final round in the women's doubles event in 2012 and 2015; mixed doubles in 2014 and 2015; and in the women's singles in 2015. Her best achievement was when she reach the women's doubles final in 2015 and won a silver with Jennifer Tam.

Australian National Badminton Championships
Australian National Badminton Championships are officially held since the year 1935.  Already eleven years earlier already started the unofficial national championships in Victoria, but a national governing body for badminton was still missing in this time.
Kudla (surname)
Kudla or Kudła is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bettina Kudla (born 1962), German politician

Dawid Kudła (born 1992), Polish footballer

Denis Kudla (born 1992), American tennis player

Denis Kudla (wrestler) (born 1994), Polish-born German wrestler

Loku Kudla (born 1988), Indian poet and lyricist

Mateusz Kudła (born 1991), Polish film producer

Michał Kudła (born 1991), Polish canoeist

Patrick Kudla (born 1996), Canadian ice hockey player

Stephen S. Kudla (born 1950), American mathematician

Stephen S. Kudla
Stephen S. Kudla FRSC (born 1950 Caracas, Venezuela) is an American mathematician working in arithmetic geometry and automorphic forms.  He is a professor in the Department of Mathematics at the University of Toronto.
Scott McClellan
Scott McClellan (born February 14, 1968) is the former White House Press Secretary (2003–06) for President George W. Bush, he was the 24th person to hold this post. He was also the author of a controversial No. 1 New York Times bestseller about the Bush administration titled What Happened. He replaced Ari Fleischer as press secretary in July 2003 and served until May 10, 2006. McClellan was the longest serving press secretary under George W. Bush.

He is now the Vice President for Communications at Seattle University.

Seattle University
Seattle University (Seattle U or SU) is a private Jesuit university in Seattle, Washington, United States. It is the largest independent university in the Northwestern United States, with over 7,500 students enrolled in undergraduate and graduate programs within seven schools.
Brian O'Connell (advocate)
Brian O'Connell (23 January 1930 – 21 March 2011) was an American author, academic, and public administrator who helped found Independent Sector, an organization that represents the interests of charities, foundations and nonprofit giving programs in the United States.

In 1980, O’Connell joined John W. Gardner, the Secretary of Health, Education and Welfare in the Johnson administration and the founder of Common Cause, to create Independent Sector, which now (2012) has 550 member nonprofit organizations.  O’Connell and Gardner, who died in 2002, saw the need for an umbrella organization that could speak for all charities and other nonprofit groups and represent their interests in Washington.

John W. Gardner
John William Gardner (October 8, 1912 – February 16, 2002) was Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare (HEW) under President Lyndon Johnson. He was a strong advocate for citizen participation and founded Common Cause; he became known as "the father of campaign finance reform".
Pawnbrokers Act 1872
The Pawnbrokers Act 1872 (35 & 36 Vict. c. 93) was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that repealed, altered and consolidated all previous legislation relating pawnbroking in Great Britain.

Legislation.gov.uk
legislation.gov.uk, formerly known as the UK Statute Law Database, is the official Web-accessible database of the statute law of the United Kingdom, hosted by The National Archives. Established in the early 2000s, it contains all primary legislation in force since 1267 and all secondary legislation since 1823; it does not include legislation which was fully repealed prior to 1991. The contents have been revised to reflect legislative changes up to 2002, with material that has been amended since 2002 fully updated and searchable.
Taye Biddle
RaTavious Anton "Taye" Biddle (born February 27, 1983) is an American former professional football who was a wide receiver in the National Football League (NFL).  He played college football for the Ole Miss Rebels. He was signed by the Carolina Panthers as an undrafted free agent in 2006.

Biddle was also a member of the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, Detroit Lions, New York Giants, Florida Tuskers, Minnesota Vikings, Sacramento Mountain Lions, Edmonton Eskimos and Pittsburgh Power.

Sacramento Mountain Lions
The Sacramento Mountain Lions were a professional American football team based in Sacramento, California, that played in the United Football League. The franchise originated as the California Redwoods, and played its home games in San Francisco and San Jose before relocating to Hornet Stadium in Sacramento in 2010, then to Raley Field in West Sacramento in 2012. The team was coached by Dennis Green for three of its four years of existence. Amid financial problems, the UFL folded in the middle of the 2012 season.