hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
James Strudwick Smith
James Strudwick Smith (September 8, 1787 – December 7, 1852) was a Congressional Representative from North Carolina; born near Hillsboro, North Carolina, September 8, 1787; attended a private school near Hillsboro and Hillsboro Academy; was graduated from Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in 1818, and practiced medicine near Hillsboro and later near Chapel Hill, North Carolina; elected as a Democratic-Republican to the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Congresses (March 4, 1817 – March 3, 1821); chairman, Committee on Accounts (Sixteenth Congress); unsuccessful candidate for renomination; resumed the practice of medicine; member of the State house of commons in 1821 and 1822; delegate to the State constitutional convention in 1835; died near Chapel Hill, N.C., December 7, 1852; interment in a private cemetery on his farm.

Chapel Hill, North Carolina
Chapel Hill is a town in the counties of Orange and Durham, North Carolina, United States. Its population was 61,960 in the 2020 United States census, making Chapel Hill the 17th-most populous municipality in the state. Chapel Hill and Durham make up the Durham–Chapel Hill, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area, which had an estimated population of 608,879 in 2023. When it is combined with Raleigh, the state capital, they make up the corners of the Research Triangle (officially the Raleigh–Durham–Cary, NC Combined Statistical Area), which had an estimated population of 2,368,947 in 2023.

The town was founded in 1793 and is centered on Franklin Street, covering 21.3 square miles (55 km2). It contains several districts and buildings listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and UNC Health Care are a major part of the economy and town influence. Local artists have created many murals in the town.
1987 Epsom Derby
The 1987 Epsom Derby was a horse race which took place at Epsom Downs on Wednesday 3 June 1987. It was the 208th running of the Derby, and it was won by the pre-race favourite Reference Point. The winner was ridden by Steve Cauthen and trained by Henry Cecil.

Lingfield Derby Trial
The Lingfield Derby Trial Stakes is a Listed flat horse race in Great Britain open to three-year-old colts and geldings. It is run over a distance of 1 mile, 3 furlongs and 133 yards (2,334 metres) at Lingfield Park in May.
Cottus rondeleti
Cottus rondeleti is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Cottidae, the typical sculpins. This species is endemic to the coastal Hérault drainage of Southern France. The total known distribution comprises three distinct short stretches of stream, and the species considered Near Threatened because of habitat destruction and potentially by climate change.

This species was described as a separate species from the European bullhead (C. gobio) in 2005 by Jörg Freyhof, Maurice Kottelat and Arne W. Nolte. The specific name honours Guillaume Rondelet, a pioneer of European ichthyology.

Jörg Freyhof
Jörg Arthur Freyhof (born 4 November 1964 in Ludwigshafen) is a German ichthyologist specializing on Old World cypriniform fishes.
Freyhof has worked at the Alexander Koenig Research Museum, Bonn, and since 2000 he has been employed at the Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin.
2017 FEI European Championships
The 2017 FEI European Championships was held in Gothenburg, Sweden, from 21 to 27 August 2017. Equestrian competitions were held in four disciplines: jumping, dressage, driving and para-dressage. The main venues were Ullevi, Heden and Slottsskogen.

Heden
Heden is a ballcourt and public space and square in the centre of Gothenburg, Sweden. Football matches are played there in the run-up to the final of the Gothia Cup. The final is played at Ullevi. Also the largest handball tournament in the world is played there during the summer: Partille Cup, when Heden is transformed to a handball festival with over 50 playing fields and 15,000 players.

An artificial bandy ice has recently been established and GAIS play their home matches there. At the 2013 Bandy World Championship, the group match between Sweden and Russia was played at the Heden arena.

Before its public use, Heden was a military ground where they used to drill soldiers (Excersisheden).
Radioshow
Radioshow is а cult Lithuanian black comedy radio and TV show hosted by Algis Ramanauskas and Rimas Šapauskas. It is also the name of their humorous rock band. Radioshow has started at radio station Radiocentras in 1992. Later it has moved to the radio station Ultra Vires. In 1995 Radioshow debuted as a comedy puppet show on TV at LNK station. From 1997 till 1999 Radioshow was running at BTV TV station. In 2004 it briefly ran on Vilnius radio station Užupio radijas before being shut down, because of swearing on the air. However the show was immediately picked up by the regional radio station Vox Maris.

LNK (Lithuanian TV channel)
LNK (Laisvas ir nepriklausomas kanalas, Free and Independent Channel) is a commercial television channel operating in Lithuania. It is a free-to-air TV channel targeted at a Lithuanian audience and primarily broadcasts local entertainment, dubbed movies, lifestyle shows, and news.

As of 2017, over 1 million people watch LNK every day.
Fischbach Valley Railway
The Fischbach Valley Railway (German: Fischbachtalbahn, KBS 681) is a railway line in the German state of the Saarland that runs from Saarbrücken along the Fischbache, which flows into the Saar in Saarbrücken, to Wemmetsweiler. Since the opening of the Wemmetsweiler curve in 2003, the line branches west to Lebach as the Prims Valley Railway (Primstalbahn) and east to Neunkirchen.

Merchweiler
Merchweiler (German pronunciation: [ˈmɛʁçvaɪlɐ]) is a municipality in the district of Neunkirchen, in Saarland, Germany. It is situated approximately 10 km west of Neunkirchen, and 15 km northeast of Saarbrücken. The municipality of Merchweiler consists of two parts: Merchweiler (village) and Wemmetsweiler (village).
Khapgah
Khapgah shian (Persian: خپگه; also known as Ḩapgah-e Shīān and Khapgah Shī’ān) is a village in Homeyl Rural District, Homeyl District, Eslamabad-e Gharb County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 2,750, in 800 families.

Eslamabad-e Gharb County
Eslamabad-e Gharb County (Persian: شهرستان اسلام‌آباد غرب) or Shahabad- Ghrb County (Persian: شهرستان شاه‌آباد غرب) is in Kermanshah Province, Iran, part of what is unofficially referred to as Iranian Kurdistan. Its capital is the city of Eslamabad-e Gharb.
3749 Balam
3749 Balam /ˈbeɪləm/ is a stony Flora asteroid and rare trinary system orbiting in the inner regions of asteroid belt. It also forms a secured asteroid pair with sub-kilometer sized asteroid (312497) 2009 BR60. Balam was discovered on 24 January 1982, by American astronomer Edward Bowell at Lowell's Anderson Mesa Station near Flagstaff, Arizona, and received the prov. designation 1982 BG1. It was named after Canadian astronomer David Balam. Balam measures approximately 4.1 kilometers (2.5 miles) in diameter. Its two minor-planet moons have an estimated diameter of 1.66 and 1.84 kilometers, respectively.

Anderson Mesa Station
Anderson Mesa Station is an astronomical observatory established in 1959 as a dark-sky observing site for Lowell Observatory. It is located at Anderson Mesa in Coconino County, Arizona, about 12 miles (19 km) southeast of Lowell's main campus on Mars Hill in Flagstaff, Arizona.
Ellen Haußdörfer
Ellen Haußdörfer (born 24 April 1980 in Cottbus) is a German politician serving as state secretary of health and care of Berlin since 2023. She was a member of the Abgeordnetenhaus of Berlin from 2006 to 2016 and from 2021 to 2023.

Berlin House of Representatives
The Berlin House of Representatives (German: Abgeordnetenhaus (German: [ˈʔapɡəʔɔʁdnətn̩ˌhaʊs] ⓘ) is the state parliament (Landtag) of Berlin, Germany according to the city-state's constitution. In 1993, the parliament moved from Rathaus Schöneberg to its present house on Niederkirchnerstraße in Mitte, which from 1899 until 1934 was the seat of the Prussian House of Representatives. The current president of the parliament is Cornelia Seibeld (CDU).
Sose Mayrig
Sose Mayrig (Armenian: Սօսէ Մայրիկ, 1868 – 1953), born Sose Vartanian, (Սօսէ Վարդանեան) was an Armenian female fedayee, the wife of the famous Aghbiur Serob. She was surnamed "mayrig" (mother) by Serop's hajduks for her bravery and maternal concern for Armenian youth.

She participated in the many fedayee battles. In 1898, after the battle of Babshen, Sose and Serop fled to Sassoun. In 1899, along with her son, Serop and his brothers, she participated in the battle against Kurdish brigands: Serop, their sons and Serop's brothers were killed while Sose Mayrig was wounded. After the Sasun uprising in 1904, she moved to Van and then to the Caucasus. Another son of Sose Mayrig and Serop was killed during the massacre in Erzerum. From 1920, Sose Mayrig lived in Constantinople, then in Alexandria (Egypt), where she died in 1953. Her remains were later moved to the Yerablur military cemetery in Yerevan.

Yumurtatepe, Bitlis
Yumurtatepe is a village in the Bitlis District of Bitlis Province in Turkey. Its population is 502 (2021). It was formerly known as Papşin or Papşén.

Before the deportations and genocide of the village's Armenian inhabitants, Papşin/Babshen had a population of 325 individuals in 1909. Located to the village's west was Surp Harutyun church and to its East was a chapel named Lusabdugh Surp Sahak.
The Jazz June
The Jazz June is an American emo band from Kutztown, Pennsylvania. During their initial run during the 1990s and 2000s, Jazz June played shows with such underground bands as Built to Spill, Hot Rod Circuit, and Mineral. In 2016, Rolling Stone placed the band's album The Medicine at number 33 on its list of the 40 Greatest Emo Albums of All Time.

Kutztown, Pennsylvania
Kutztown (Pennsylvania German: Kutzeschteddel) is a borough in Berks County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is located 18 miles (29 km) southwest of Allentown and 17 miles (27 km) northeast of Reading. As of the 2020 census, the borough had a population of 4,162. Kutztown University of Pennsylvania is located just outside the borough limits to the southwest.
Alfvén resonator
An Alfvén resonator or Ionosphere Alfvén resonator is a spectral resonance structure found within geomagnetic fields in the frequency range of 0.1–10 Hz. First reported in 1989, they are ionospheric short-period geomagnetic variations primarily seen as nighttime phenomena and rarely observed during the day. The nighttime preference is due to lower electrical conductivity in the ionospheric dynamo region, which enables the feedback instability.

Instability
In dynamical systems instability means that some of the outputs or internal states increase with time, without bounds.  Not all systems that are not stable are unstable; systems can also be marginally stable or exhibit limit cycle behavior.

In structural engineering, a structural beam or column can become unstable when excessive compressive load is applied. Beyond a certain threshold, structural deflections magnify stresses, which in turn increases deflections. This can take the form of buckling or crippling. The general field of study is called structural stability.

Atmospheric instability is a major component of all weather systems on Earth.
Stars on 45
Stars on 45 was a Dutch novelty pop act that was successful in Europe, the United States and Australia in the early 1980s. The group later shortened its name to Stars On in the U.S., while in the U.K. and Ireland, it was always known as Starsound (or Star Sound). The band, which consisted solely of studio session musicians under the direction of Jaap Eggermont, formerly of Golden Earring, recorded medley recordings made by recreating hit songs as faithfully as possible and joining them together with a common tempo and underlying drum track.

I'll Be Back (song)
"I'll Be Back" is a song written by John Lennon, with some collaboration from Paul McCartney (credited to Lennon–McCartney). It was recorded by the English rock band the Beatles for the soundtrack album to their film A Hard Day's Night (1964) but not used in the film. This song was not released in North America until Beatles '65, five months later.
Patrick "Weeshie" Murphy
Patrick Aloyius "Weeshie" Murphy was a Gaelic footballer and administrator with the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA).

Born in Bere Island, he moved to Cork for work reasons. He played at full-back for Cork county team on the 1945 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship-winning team. He played his club football for Bere Island GFC, Beara GAA and Lees. He also played for St Finbarr's in Cork city.

He served as chairman of the Cork County Board from 1955 to 1965, and was chairman of the Munster Council at the time of his death in 1973. His son, Dr. Con Murphy, was a team doctor with several Cork inter-county teams.

Weesh was a veterinary surgeon who worked in Bandon, County Cork. He and his wife had five children.

The trophy awarded for the Cork U21 A Football Championship, the Pádraig A. Ó Murchú Cup, is named in his honour.

St Finbarr's National Hurling & Football Club
St Finbarr's National Hurling & Football Club or St Finbarr's Hurling and Football Club is a Gaelic games club based in the Togher area of Cork city, County Cork, Ireland. Playing in royal blue and gold jerseys, St Finbarr's fields teams in the sports of Gaelic football and hurling.
Theatre of NOTE
Theatre of NOTE is a theatre company situated in Los Angeles, California. Founded in 1981, the ensemble produces an average of four main stage productions per year, focusing on premieres from around the world, the West Coast, California, and Los Angeles. Notable premieres have been the world premiere of Bertolt Brecht's adaptation of The Duchess of Malfi, the Los Angeles premiere of Tony Kushner's A Bright Room Called Day, and Bill Robens' 2009 noir send-up Kill Me Deadly.

NOTE has earned commendations from the Los Angeles press and acclaim from national publications such as American Theatre magazine, as well as others.

Theatre Communications Group
Theatre Communications Group (TCG) is an American non-profit service organization headquartered in New York City that promotes professional non-profit theatre in the United States.

The organization also publishes American Theatre  magazine and ARTSEARCH, a theatrical employment bulletin, as well as trade editions of theatrical scripts.
Hypsopygia rudis
Hypsopygia rudis is a species of snout moth in the genus Hypsopygia. It was described by Frederic Moore in 1888. It was described from eastern India (Darjeeling) but is also allegedly found in Taiwan
It is elsewhere listed as Stemmatophora rudis Moore, 1888: 205, reflecting the original formation. (See Globiz catalog)

Pyralidae
The Pyralidae, commonly called pyralid moths, snout moths or grass moths, are a family of Lepidoptera in the ditrysian superfamily Pyraloidea. In many (particularly older) classifications, the grass moths (Crambidae) are included in the Pyralidae as a subfamily, making the combined group one of the largest families in the Lepidoptera. The latest review by Eugene G. Munroe and Maria Alma Solis retain the Crambidae as a full family of Pyraloidea.

The wingspans for small and medium-sized species are usually between 9 and 37 mm (0.35 and 1.46 in) with variable morphological features.

It is a diverse group, with more than 6,000 species described worldwide, and more than 600 species in America north of Mexico, comprising the third largest moth family in North America. At least 42 species have been recorded from North Dakota in the subfamilies of Pyralidae.
Jennie Bramhall House
The Jennie Bramhall House is a historic house located in northeast Portland, Oregon, United States. It is significant for its highly unusual combination of Queen Anne styling with cast concrete block construction. Built in 1908–1909, it is one of the finest remaining Queen Anne houses in the Albina district, and one of only a few cast concrete houses in that area.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.

Concrete block
A concrete block, also known as a cinder block in North American English, breeze block in British English, or concrete masonry unit (CMU), or by various other terms, is a standard-size rectangular block used in building construction. The use of blockwork allows structures to be built in the traditional masonry style with layers (or courses) of staggered blocks.

Concrete blocks may be produced with hollow centers (cores) to reduce weight, improve insulation and provide an interconnected void into which concrete can be poured to solidify the entire wall after it is built.

Concrete blocks are some of the most versatile building products available because of the wide variety of appearances that can be achieved using them.
Casino Goa
The Casino Goa is a live casino located offshore in Panaji in Goa. The casino is located on a yacht, the M.V. Caravela, anchored in the River Mandovi. The casino vessel worth is 110 million Rupees and is owned by the Advani Pleasure Cruise Co Ltd, a subsidiary of Delta Corp and Casinos Austria. It has around eleven tables of American Roulette, Blackjack and Paplu (Rummy) besides a few electronic slot machines.

The setup of the casino was controversial as live gambling is outlawed in India. This was partially circumvented by hosting it off the mainland. The government in Goa is promoting offshore goa casino ship by granting new licences to more companies in an attempt to generate more tourist related revenue. Goa state is the only one in India that permits both electronic inland casinos as well as live offshore ones.

In 2021, the company announced that it would be investing 1.5 billion in building a new vessel to replace Caravela.

Rummy
Rummy is a group of  games related by the feature of matching cards of the same rank or sequence and same suit. The basic goal in any form of rummy is to build melds which can be either sets (three or four of a kind of the same rank) or runs (three or more sequential cards of the same suit) and either be first to go out or to amass more points than the opposition.
Kasper Kure
Kasper Kure Vidkjær (born 20 July 1982) is a Danish former professional footballer who played as a centre-back. He was a product of the AGF academy and has also played for their senior team alongside his brother Anders. He also played for Brabrand and has represented Denmark at youth level.

Denmark national under-17 football team
The Denmark national under-17 football team represents Denmark in international football at this age level and is controlled by the Danish Football Association, the governing body for football in Denmark. It was founded in 1964 as an under-16 team. In 2001, it was changed to an under-17 team.
1976–77 All-Ireland Senior Club Football Championship
The 1976–77 All-Ireland Senior Club Football Championship was the seventh staging of the All-Ireland Senior Club Football Championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1970–71.

St Vincent's were the defending champions, however, they were beaten by Portlaoise in the second round of the Leinster Club Championship.

On 13 March 1977, Austin Stacks won the championship following a 1-13 to 2-07 defeat of Ballerin in the All-Ireland final at Croke Park. It remains their only championship title.

St Vincents GAA
St Vincents is a Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) club based in Marino, on the northside of Dublin, Ireland. The club was founded in 1931. Although the club's grounds were in Raheny for a number of years, it moved to its home back into Marino in 1987. St Vincents merged with Marino Camogie Club in 1997 to form the St. Vincents Hurling, Football and Camogie Club. St Vincents have won the All-Ireland Senior Club Football Championship on three occasions, most recently in 2014. They are the most successful side in the Dublin Senior Football championship having won the title 29 times. The club has also won 17 Dublin Senior 1 camogie titles (6 as Marino).
Feedback loop (email)
A feedback loop (FBL), sometimes called a complaint feedback loop, is an inter-organizational form of feedback by which a mailbox provider (MP) forwards the complaints originating from their users to the sender's organizations. MPs can receive users' complaints by placing report spam buttons on their webmail pages, or in their email client, or via help desks. The message sender's organization, often an email service provider, has to come to an agreement with each MP from which they want to collect users' complaints.

Feedback loops are one of the ways for reporting spam.  Whether and how to provide an FBL is a choice of the MP.  End users should report abuse at their mailbox provider's reporting hub, so as to also help filtering.  As an alternative, competent users may send abuse complaints directly, acting as mailbox providers themselves.

Feedback
Feedback occurs when outputs of a system are routed back as inputs as part of a chain of cause and effect that forms a circuit or loop. The system can then be said to feed back into itself. The notion of cause-and-effect has to be handled carefully when applied to feedback systems:

Simple causal reasoning about a feedback system is difficult because the first system influences the second and second system influences the first, leading to a circular argument. This makes reasoning based upon cause and effect tricky, and it is necessary to analyze the system as a whole. As provided by Webster, feedback in business is the transmission of evaluative or corrective information about an action, event, or process to the original or controlling source.
Richard Kegler
Richard Kegler is an American typographer and founding partner of P22 type foundry, which originated in 1994 as an outgrowth of his Master's thesis project on Marcel Duchamp.

Kegler's background in typography and book arts includes ventures in bookbinding and letterpress printing. However, the historical context and background of type continues to be his greatest interest and shapes the evolution of P22.

Kegler is also the founder of the Western New York Book Arts Collaborative.

Richard Kegler has designed the typefaces Daddy-O, Dwiggins, Dyrynk, Platten and Preissig Lino.

Typesetting
Typesetting is the composition of text for publication, display, or distribution by means of arranging physical type (or sort) in mechanical systems or glyphs in digital systems representing characters (letters and other symbols). Stored types are retrieved and ordered according to a language's orthography for visual display. Typesetting requires one or more fonts (which are widely but erroneously confused with and substituted for typefaces).

One significant effect of typesetting was that authorship of works could be spotted more easily, making it difficult for copiers who have not gained permission.
WAYS (AM)
WAYS (1050 kHz) is a silent radio station in Myrtle Beach, South Carolina. It is owned by Cumulus Media and it had previously aired a sports radio format, much of it from Fox Sports Radio. Its studios are on U.S. Highway 17 in Murrells Inlet, South Carolina, and its transmitter is located in the station's city of license, Conway, South Carolina.  Programming had also been heard on FM translator W270BZ at 101.9 MHz in Conway.

Murrells Inlet, South Carolina
Murrells Inlet is an unincorporated area and census-designated place in Georgetown County, South Carolina, United States. The population was 7,547 at the 2010 census. It is about 13 miles south of Myrtle Beach, South Carolina and 21 miles north of Georgetown, the county seat.

The community was once primarily a fishing village. It has developed in modern times, along with the rest of the Grand Strand, as a tourist and retirement location. It is known for the Murrells Inlet Marshwalk, a 1⁄2-mile-long (0.8 km) boardwalk overlooking a salt marsh.