hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Holmes v. Ford
Holmes v. Ford was an American court case in the Oregon Territory that freed a slave family in the territory in 1853. The decision re-affirmed that slavery was illegal in the territory as outlined in the Organic Laws of Oregon that were continued once the region became a U.S. territory. In the decision, Chief Justice of the Oregon Territorial Supreme Court George H. Williams ruled against Nathaniel Ford, freeing the children of Polly and Robin Holmes.

Oregon Territory
The Territory of Oregon was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from August 14, 1848, until February 14, 1859, when the southwestern portion of the territory was admitted to the Union as the State of Oregon. Originally claimed by several countries (see Oregon Country), Spanish "El Orejón" was part of the Nootka Territory (1789–1795), later in the 19th century, the region was divided between the British Empire and the US in 1846. When established, the territory encompassed an area that included the current states of Oregon, Washington, and Idaho, as well as parts of Wyoming and Montana. The capital of the territory was first Oregon City, then Salem, followed briefly by Corvallis, then back to Salem, which became the state capital upon Oregon's admission to the Union.
Dave Clarke (musician)
David Patrick Clarke (born January 28, 1948) is an American singer, guitarist and keyboard player. He was a member of The Noel Redding Band in the 1970s. In 1994, he became a member of The Kast Off Kinks, and has been ever since.

Keyboardist
A keyboardist or keyboard player is a musician who plays keyboard instruments. Until the early 1960s musicians who played keyboards were generally classified as either pianists or organists.  Since the mid-1960s, a plethora of new musical instruments with keyboards have come into common usage, such as synthesizers and digital piano, requiring a more general term for a person who plays them. In the 2010s, professional keyboardists in popular music often play a variety of different keyboard instruments, including piano, tonewheel organ, synthesizer, and clavinet. Some keyboardists may also play related instruments such as piano accordion, melodica, pedal keyboard, or keyboard-layout bass pedals.
Porkkalam
Porkkalam (transl. Battlefield) is a 2010 Indian Tamil-language action film written and directed by debutant Bandi Saroj Kumar. Starring Kishore, Tinnu Anand, Sathyan and Smitha, a newcomer from Karnataka, in lead roles and seven artists as villains, the film has musical score by Rohit Kulkarni. The film was released on 14 January 2010.

Villain
A villain (masculine), or villainess (feminine), also bad guy, baddy or baddie (sometimes known as a "black hat"), is a stock character, whether based on a historical narrative or one of literary fiction. Random House Unabridged Dictionary defines such a character as "a cruelly malicious person who is involved in or devoted to wickedness or crime; scoundrel; or a character in a play, novel, or the like, who constitutes an important evil agency in the plot". The antonym of a villain is a hero.

The villain's structural purpose is to serve as the opposite to the hero character, and their motives or evil actions drive a plot along. In contrast to the hero, who is defined by feats of ingenuity and bravery and the pursuit of justice and the greater good, a villain is often defined by their acts of selfishness, evilness, arrogance, cruelty, and cunning, displaying immoral behavior that can oppose or pervert justice.
Jean-Didier Vincent
Jean-Didier Vincent (7 June 1935 – 4 December 2024) was a French neurobiologist and neuropsychiatrist. He was Professor of Physiology at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Bordeaux II and then at the University of Paris-Sud. From 1991 to 2004 Vincent was Director of the Alfred-Fessard Institute of Neurobiology at the CNRS. He was a member of both the French Academy of Sciences and the French Academy of Medicine since 18 November 2003.

Neuroscientist
A neuroscientist (or neurobiologist) is a scientist specializing in neuroscience that deals with the anatomy and function of neurons, neural circuits, and glia, and their behavioral, biological, and psychological roles in health and disease.

Neuroscientists generally work as researchers within a college, university, government agency, or private industry setting. In research-oriented careers, neuroscientists design and conduct scientific experiments on the nervous system and its functions. They can engage in basic or applied research. Basic research seeks to expand current understanding of the nervous system, whereas applied research seeks to address a specific problem, such as developing a treatment for a neurological disorder.

Neuroscientists have numerous career opportunities outside of academic research, including careers in industry, science writing, government program management, science advocacy, and education. A neuroscientist commonly holds a doctorate in a medical science.
Freightliner Inspiration
The Freightliner Inspiration is a prototype semi-trailer truck designed by Freightliner Trucks.  The truck is the first autonomous commercial vehicle to be legally operated in the United States.  There have been two units produced.

The truck was licensed to operate by the Nevada Department of Motor Vehicles in 2015.

Semi-trailer truck
A semi-trailer truck (also known by a wide variety of other terms – see below) is the combination of a tractor unit and one or more semi-trailers to carry freight. A semi-trailer attaches to the tractor with a type of hitch called a fifth wheel.
1984 IAAF World Cross Country Championships – Senior women's race
The Senior women's race at the 1984 IAAF World Cross Country Championships was held in East Rutherford, New Jersey, United States, at the Meadowlands Racetrack on March 25, 1984.   A report on the event was given in the Glasgow Herald.

Complete results, medallists, 
 and the results of British athletes were published.

The Herald (Glasgow)
The Herald is a Scottish broadsheet newspaper founded in 1783. The Herald is the longest running national newspaper in the world and is the eighth oldest daily paper in the world. The title was simplified from The Glasgow Herald in 1992. Following the closure of the Sunday Herald, the Herald on Sunday was launched as a Sunday edition on 9 September 2018.
Mehta Basti Ram
Mehta Basti Ram was a Dogra officer and commander of the Fateh Shibji battalion under Raja Gulab Singh of Jammu (later Maharaja of Jammu and Kashmir). Basti Ram later served as the governor (thanadar) of Leh in Ladakh between 1847 and 1861. Basti Ram joined the service of Raja Gulab Singh in 1821 and became an officer under General Zorawar Singh during his conquest of Ladakh between 1834 and 1841. After holding positions such as the governor of Taklakot (briefly) and thanadar of Zanskar, he became the second governor of Leh under Maharaja Gulab Singh.

Dogras
The Dogras, or Dogra people, are an Indo-Aryan ethno-linguistic group living primarily in the Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. They speak their native Dogri language. They live predominantly in the Duggar region of the Jammu Division of Jammu and Kashmir, and in adjoining areas of the states of Punjab and Himachal Pradesh. Some also live in northeastern Pakistan.

Dogra Rajputs of the Jamwal clan ruled Jammu from the 19th century, when Gulab Singh was made a hereditary Raja of Jammu by Ranjit Singh, while his brother Dhian Singh was the Sikh Empire's prime minister of Punjab, until September 1843. Through the Treaty of Amritsar (1846), they acquired Kashmir as well. 
The Dogra Regiment of the Indian Army primarily consists of Dogras from the Himachal Pradesh, Punjab and Jammu region.
Witbooi
Witbooi is an Afrikaans and Khoekhoe surname, common in Namibia and South Africa. Notable people with the surname include:

Hendrik Witbooi, Nama leader

Hendrik Samuel Witbooi, Oorlam Kaptein

Hendrik Witbooi (politician), former deputy prime minister of Namibia

Lucia Witbooi, Namibian politician

Ryan Witbooi, Namibian rugby player

Emile Witbooi, South African soccer player

Hendrik Witbooi (politician)
Kaptein Hendrik Witbooi (traditional name ǃNanseb ǀGabemab; 7 January 1934 – 13 October 2009) was a Namibian politician and the seventh Captain of the ǀKhowesin clan. A member of SWAPO from 1976 until his death, Witbooi brought with him several clans of Nama into the liberation organisation.
Maxine Sullivan
Maxine Sullivan (May 13, 1911 – April 7, 1987), born Marietta Williams in Homestead, Pennsylvania, United States, was an American jazz vocalist and performer.

As a vocalist, Sullivan was active for half a century, from the mid-1930s to just before her death in 1987. She is best known for her 1937 recording of a swing version of the Scottish folk song "Loch Lomond". Throughout her career, Sullivan also appeared as a performer on film as well as on stage. A precursor to better-known later vocalists such as Ella Fitzgerald and Sarah Vaughan, Sullivan is considered one of the best jazz vocalists of the 1930s. Singer Peggy Lee named Sullivan as a key influence in several interviews.

Take a Giant Step
Take a Giant Step is a 1959 American coming-of-age drama film directed by Philip Leacock.

The plot concerns a black teenager living in a predominantly white environment and having trouble coping as he reaches an age at which the realities of racism are beginning to affect his life more directly and pointedly than they had in his childhood. Adapted from the Broadway play by Louis S. Peterson, the film stars Johnny Nash — who would ultimately become more well known for his singing career, including the hit song "I Can See Clearly Now" — as the lead character, Spencer "Spence" Scott. Co-stars included Ruby Dee as the Scott family's housekeeper, Estelle Hemsley as Grandma Martin (Hemsley was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for best supporting actress), and Beah Richards as Spence's mother. The movie's executive producer was Burt Lancaster through his Hecht-Hill-Lancaster production company.
Brodie Farber
Brodie Kyle Farber (born July 5, 1980) is an American professional mixed martial artist who most recently competed in the Middleweight division. A professional since 2002, he has competed for the UFC and WEC.

Middleweight (MMA)
The middleweight division in mixed martial arts refers to different weight classes:

The UFC's middleweight division, which groups competitors within 171 to 185 lb (77.5 to 84 kg)

The Shooto's middleweight class, which refers to competitors between 155 and 170 lb (70.3 and 77.1 kg)

The ONE Championship's middleweight division follows the Pride FC model, with an upper limit of 93 kg (205 lb)

The Road FC's  middleweight division, with an upper limit of 185 lb (84 kg)
Raadha (TV series)
Raadha is a popular Bengali television Soap opera that premiered on October 31, 2016, and aired on Zee Bangla. It was produced by Surinder Films and starred Aemila Sadhukhan and Ravi Shaw in the lead roles, with Monalisa Paul as the main antagonist. The show used to telecast Monday to Friday at 10:30 p.m. It originally aired at 6:00 p.m. until it got a new timeslot at 10:30 p.m. because of Joyee replacing its old timeslot. The show went off air on 8 December 2017. It was replaced by Rangiye Diye Jao.

Surinder Films
Surinder Films is an Indian media and entertainment company headquartered in Kolkata, West Bengal. It mainly produces and distributes Bengali films. The production house was created by Surinder Singh in 1970 as a film distribution company. In 1995, it was taken over by his son Nispal Singh. The company has produced more than 70 films, 20 television shows, 50 web series and short films.

Apart from producing and distributing Bengali films, Surinder Films is also in the business of Television content production. The other division of the company includes digital content production for OTT platforms. In 2023, Surinder Films acquired the first Bengali OTT platform of India, Addatimes.
Margam and Tai-bach
Margam and Tai-bach is an electoral ward in Neath Port Talbot, Wales. It includes the communities of Margam, Margam Moors and Taibach. It elects three councillors to Neath Port Talbot County Borough Council.

The ward was created following the recommendations of a local government boundary review, with the merger of the former Margam and Tai-bach wards.

According to the 2011 UK Census, the population of the Margam ward was 5,927 and in the Tai-bach ward it was 4,799.

Margam Moors
Margam Moors (Welsh: Morfa Margam) is a community of Neath Port Talbot county borough, Wales.  Together with the community of Margam, it forms the Margam electoral ward.

Part of Margam Moors is listed as a Site of Special Scientific Interest, due to the marshy grassland and ditches that are home to a variety of different plants and insects.

There were three inhabitants in Margam Moors at the 2001 census, and most of the area is open moorland with the central and northern areas occupied by Port Talbot Steelworks and Port Talbot Docks.  The south west of the community is Margam Sands beach.
Hannelore Knuts
Hannelore Knuts (born 4 November 1977) is a Belgian model, actress, and artist known for her androgynous appearance and versatility. Throughout her career, she has collaborated with numerous top photographers like Steven Meisel, Inez and Vinoodh, Karl Lagerfeld, Steven Klein and Juergen Teller as well as designers and brands including Alexander McQueen, Prada, Hermès, Chanel, Dior, Jean Paul Gaultier, Valentino, Dolce & Gabbana, Ann Demeulemeester and many more. She has appeared on multiple international covers of Vogue as well as V, Dazed, Harper’s Bazaar and L’Officiel - solidifying her position as an icon in the world of fashion.

Juergen Teller
Juergen Teller (born 28 January 1964) is a German fine-art and fashion photographer. He was awarded the Citibank Prize for Photography in 2003 and received the Special Presentation International Center of Photography Infinity Award in 2018.

Major solo exhibitions of his work have been organised at Fondation Cartier pour l’art Contemporain, Paris (2006); Le Consortium, Dijon, France (2010); Dallas Contemporary, Texas (2011); Daelim Museum, Seoul (2011); Institute of Contemporary Art, London (2013); Contemporary Fine Arts, Berlin (2015); Kunsthalle Bonn, Germany (2016),  Garage Museum of Contemporary Art, Moscow (2018), Grand Palais Éphémère, Paris (2023) and Onassis Ready, Athens (2025). Self-portraiture has been a prominent feature of his practice and was the main focus of his 'Macho' exhibition at DESTE Foundation, Athens, Greece (2014).
Lefkasio
Lefkasio (Greek: Λευκάσιο) is a village and a former municipality in Achaea, West Greece, Greece. The municipality was renamed to Kleitoria in 2008, and in 2011 it became part of the municipality Kalavryta.

Western Greece
Western Greece Region (Greek: Περιφέρεια Δυτικής Ελλάδας, romanized: Periféria Dhitikís Elládhas, [periˈferia ðitiˈcis eˈlaðas]) is one of the thirteen administrative regions of Greece. It comprises the western part of continental Greece and the northwestern part of the Peloponnese peninsula. It occupies an area of 11,336 km2 (4,377 sq mi) and its population is, according to the 2011 census, at 679,796 inhabitants. The capital of the Western Greece is Patras, the third-largest-city in the country, with a population of about 280,000 inhabitants. The NUTS 2 code for the region of Western Greece is EL63.
Night Shift (2020 film)
Night Shift (French: Police) is a 2020 drama film directed by Anne Fontaine, who co-wrote the screenplay with Claire Barré. It is an adaptation of the 2016 novel Police by Hugo Boris. It is a co-production between France and Belgium. The film stars Omar Sy, Virginie Efira, Grégory Gadebois and Payman Maadi. It had its world premiere at the 70th Berlin International Film Festival on 23 February 2020. It was released in France and Belgium on 2 September 2020.

Omar Sy
Omar Sy (French pronunciation: [ɔmaʁ si]; Fula: 𞤌𞤥𞤢𞤪 𞤅𞤭, romanized: Omar Si; born 20 January 1978) is a French actor.

Sy was initially best known in France for his comedy sketches with Fred Testot on the Service après-vente des émissions television show on Canal+ (2005–2012). He gained wider international recognition for his role in the 2011 comedy-drama film The Intouchables, which earned him the César Award for Best Actor, making him the first black recipient. He later appeared in larger productions such as X-Men: Days of Future Past (2014), Jurassic World (2015), Two Is a Family (2016), Chocolat (2016), Inferno (2016), Transformers: The Last Knight (2017), Arctic Dogs (2019), the Netflix-produced series Lupin (2021–present), Jurassic World Dominion, and The Takedown (2022).
2023 World Archery Youth Championships
The 2023 World Archery Youth Championships was the 17th edition of World Archery Youth Championships. The event was held in Limerick, Ireland 1-9 July 2023, and was organised by World Archery. Junior events were held for those under 21, and Cadet for those under 18.

World Archery
World Archery (WA, formerly Fédération Internationale de Tir à l'Arc – FITA) is the governing body of the sport of archery. It is based in Lausanne, Switzerland. It is composed of 156 national federations and other archery associations, and is recognised by the International Olympic Committee.
Recorded as Jerry Landis
Recorded as Jerry Landis is a compilation album of demo recordings sung by Paul Simon (under his stage name Jerry Landis), except for "Beat Love", recorded by Art Garfunkel (as Artie Garr).

Two of the songs on this compilation - "Loneliness" (MGM K12822, 1959) and "The Lipstick on Your Lips" (re-titled as "I'd Like To Be (The Lipstick on Your Lips)", Warwick, M 588)
) received releases in the era. However, all the recordings on this compilation were previously included on the 1995 compilation Work in Progress - Volume One: Early Recordings, Demos & Outtakes.

Whilst the compilation does not list the original composers of the songs, one song on the compilation is known to be written by Simon, "Loneliness", credited under his stage name. Seven songs, such as An Angel Cries, remain uncredited.

MGM Records
MGM Records was a record label founded by the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer film studio in 1946 for the purpose of releasing soundtrack recordings (later LP albums) of their musical films. It transitioned into a pop music label that continued into the 1970s. The company also released soundtrack albums of the music for some of their non-musical films as well, and on rare occasions, cast albums of off-Broadway musicals such as The Fantasticks and the 1954 revival of The Threepenny Opera. In one instance, MGM Records released the highly successful soundtrack album of a film made by another studio, Columbia Pictures's Born Free (1966).
Clint (film)
Clint is a 2017 Indian Malayalam-language biographical film about Edmund Thomas Clint, a child prodigy who created 25,000 paintings before his death shortly before his seventh birthday. It was directed by Harikumar, starring Master Alok, Rima Kallingal, Unni Mukundan, Joy Mathew and K. P. A. C. Lalitha.

Harikumar (director)
Harikumar (1956 – 6 May 2024) was an Indian screenwriter and film director, who worked in Malayalam films. He wrote screenplay, story, and dialogues for more than 20 Malayalam films. He directed films including Sukrutham, Ayanam, and Udhyanapalakan. He was a member of the National Film Awards Jury in 2005 and 2008. Harikumar died from cancer in Thiruvananthapuram, on 6 May 2024, aged 68.
Babybjörn
BabyBjörn is a Swedish family-owned company that develops, manufactures, and markets baby products, including baby carriers, baby bouncers, sleep products, bathroom products, kitchen products, and other  baby essentials. Founded in 1961, the company focuses on ergonomic design and safety, and its products are often associated with Scandinavian minimalist design. The brand states that they emphasize long-term product development and functional, long-lasting design.

Family business
Family business is a type of commercial organization in which management decisions are made or influenced by multiple generations of a family, related by blood, marriage or adoption, who have both the ability to influence the vision of the business and the willingness to use this ability to pursue distinctive goals. They are closely identified with the firm through leadership or ownership. Owner-manager entrepreneurial firms are not considered to be family businesses because they lack the multi-generational dimension and family influence that create the unique dynamics and relationships of family businesses.
Konrad Winkler (skier)
Konrad Winkler (born 17 February 1955 in Neuhausen) is a former East German Nordic combined skier who competed during the late 1970s and early 1980s.

He won a gold medal in the Nordic combined Individual event at the 1978 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships in Lahti, then finished second behind Tom Sandberg in the same event in 1982. Winkler earned bronzes in the Individual Nordic combined events at the 1976 Winter Olympics and at the 1980 Winter Olympics. Winkler won gold in the 3 x 10 km event at the 1982 championships.

FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 1978
The FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 1978 took place February 18–26, 1978 in Lahti, Finland. This was Lahti's record fourth time hosting the event after previously doing so in 1926, 1938, and 1958. The women's 20 km event was added.
1980 Columbia Lions football team
The 1980 Columbia Lions football team was an American football team that represented Columbia University during the 1980 NCAA Division I-A football season. Columbia finished last in the Ivy League.

In their first season under head coach Bob Naso, the Lions compiled a 1–9 record and were outscored 275 to 89. Sean Cannon and Rico Josephs were the team captains.

The Lions' winless (0–7) conference record was the worst in the Ivy League standings. Columbia was outscored 214 to 61 by Ivy opponents.

Ivy League football teams expanded their schedules to 10 games in 1980, making this the first year since 1955 that the Lions played three games against non-Ivy opponents.

Columbia played its home games at Baker Field in Upper Manhattan, in New York City.

1955 Columbia Lions football team
The 1955 Columbia Lions football team was an American football team that represented Columbia University as an independent during the 1955 college football season.

In their 26th season under head coach Lou Little, the Lions compiled a 1–8 record, and were outscored 251 to 74. Manfredo Bucci was the team captain.

This would be Columbia's final year as a football independent, as the Ivy League, which Columbia had helped co-found in 1954, began football competition in 1956. Six of the nine opponents on Columbia's 1955 schedule were Ivy League members (with Penn the only Ivy not scheduled); for decades, (future) Ivy members had comprised a large portion of Columbia's opponents.

Columbia played its home games at Baker Field in Upper Manhattan, in New York City.