hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Free Trade Area of the Americas
The Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA, Spanish: Área de Libre Comercio de las Américas, ALCA, Portuguese: Área de Livre Comércio das Américas, ALCA, French: Zone de libre-échange des Amériques, ZLEA) was a proposed agreement to eliminate or reduce the trade barriers among all countries in the Americas, excluding Cuba. Negotiations to establish the FTAA ended in failure, however, with all parties unable to reach an agreement by the 2005 deadline they had set for themselves.

Pacific Alliance
The Pacific Alliance (Spanish: Alianza del Pacífico) is a Latin American trade bloc, formed by Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Peru, which all border the Pacific Ocean. The alliance was formed with the express purpose of improving regional integration and moving toward complete freedom in the movement of goods, services, capital and people between the four member states. Together, these four countries have a combined population of more than 230 million people and make up roughly 35 percent of Latin American GDP.
Pristimantis ortizi
Pristimantis ortizi is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. As currently known, it is endemic to northern Ecuador where it occurs on the Cordillera Oriental in the Carchi, Imbabura, and Napo Provinces, but it is likely to also occur in adjacent Colombia. The specific name ortizi honors Fernando Ortiz-Crespo, a prominent Ecuadorian ornithologist. Common names Ortiz robber frog and Ortiz's robber frog have been proposed for this species.

Strabomantidae
The Strabomantidae, sometimes called cloud forest landfrogs, are a family of frogs native to South America. These frogs lack a free-living larval stage and hatch directly into miniature "froglets". This family includes Pristimantis, the most speciose genus of any vertebrate. Based on molecular dating, the Holoadeninae in particular appears to have originated in the Eocene. The Oligocene-Miocene transition was also found to be important to their biogeographical history. However, the lack of Holoadeninae fossils and limited nucleotide data ambiguates the results, by the authors' admission.
Nazi Eyes on Canada
Nazi Eyes on Canada is a five-part Canadian radio play broadcast by CBC Radio in the fall of 1942.

Each of the stories focuses on a real family from a different province of Canada (Ontario, Alberta, New Brunswick, British Columbia and Saskatchewan), then portrays an imagined horrible future for the family if Nazi Germany were to win the Second World War.

The cast included Orson Welles, Vincent Price, Helen Hayes, Judith Evelyn, war correspondent Quentin Reynolds, House Jameson and Katharine Raht of The Aldrich Family, and Lorne Greene.

The episodes, produced by James Frank Willis, were made in co-operation with the National War Finance Committee, a government committee established to encourage the sale of War bonds.

National War Finance Committee
The National War Finance Committee was set up in Canada in December 1941 by the Department of Finance. It was initially chaired by George Wilbur Spinney, president of the Bank of Montreal, and later by Graham Towers, the Governor of the Bank of Canada. The Committee was responsible for raising war financing through the sale of Victory Bonds. Prior to the Committee's establishment, war financing was the responsibility of the Department of Finance.
College of Engineering Roorkee
College of Engineering Roorkee (COER) also known as COER University was established in 1998 by Seth Roshan Lal Jain Trust. It is in Roorkee on National Highway (NH-58), approximately 180 km (110 mi) north of Delhi, the capital of India. It is 7 km (4.3 mi) from Roorkee towards Haridwar. The campus is 12 ha (30 acres). It is affiliated to Uttarakhand Technical University.

Veer Madho Singh Bhandari Uttarakhand Technical University
Veer Madho Singh Bhandari Uttarakhand Technical University is a public university in the Indian state of Uttarakhand set up by the Government of Uttarakhand on 27 January 2005, through the Uttarakhand Technical University Act 2005. It has 6 campus institutes and 80 affiliated colleges Government and Private). 6 campus institutes are in the university campuses at Dehradun, Tehri, Tanakpur, Gopeshwar, Pithoragarh, and Uttarkashi spread all over the state.
Ngeri Benebo
Ngeri Setima Benebo, MFR (born 11 May 1955) is a Nigerian medical doctor and public health specialist. She was, until 2015, Director General and chief executive officer of the National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency (NESREA). Her appointment was approved by the Federal Government of Nigeria in December 2006 under the administration of Chief Olusegun  Obasanjo.

Order of the Federal Republic
The Member of the Order of the Federal Republic (MFR) is one of two orders of merit, established by the Federal Republic of Nigeria in 1963. It is senior to the Order of the Niger.

The highest honours are the Grand Commander in the Order of the Federal Republic and Grand Commander in the Order of the Niger and they are awarded to the President and vice-president respectively. The Presiding Judge in the Supreme Court and the Chairman of the Senate are former officials Grand Commanders in the Order of the Niger.

The Nigerians have followed the British example in the form and structure of the Order. There are also post-nominal letters for the members of the Order of the Niger.

There is a Civil Division and a Military Division. The ribbon of the latter division has a small red line in the middle.
Leptosiphon lemmonii
Leptosiphon lemmonii (syn. Linanthus lemmonii) is a species of flowering plant in the phlox family known by the common name Lemmon's linanthus.

Leptosiphon lemmonii is native to the San Bernardino Mountains and the Peninsular Ranges in southern California (U.S.) and northern Baja California (México). It grows below 1,900 metres (6,200 ft), in dry inland chaparral, oak woodlands, the Colorado Desert chaparral ecotone, and Yellow pine forest habitats.

Ponderosa pine forest
Ponderosa pine forest is a plant association and plant community dominated by ponderosa pine and found in western North America. It is found from the British Columbia to Durango, Mexico. In the south and east, ponderosa pine forest is the climax forest, while in the more northern part of its range, it can transition to Douglas-fir or grand fir, or white fir forests. Understory species depends on location. Fire suppression has led to insect outbreaks in ponderosa pine forests.
Kingston Colonials
The Kingston Colonials were an American basketball team, based in Kingston, New Jersey, that was a member of Hudson River League, the New York State League, the Metropolitan Basketball League, and the American Basketball League. The team merged with the Troy Haymakers in the middle of the 1939/40 season to form the Troy Celtics.

Hudson River League
The Hudson River League was formed in 1903 as a class D minor baseball league after playing one season in 1886. Upgraded to Class C the next season, it continued through 1907 before collapsing. There were twelve cities that represented the league during the five-year run; eleven came from New York State and one each at various points from New Jersey and Massachusetts. The Poughkeepsie Colts became the only team to win more than one league title, taking home the league crown in 1886, 1904 and 1907. The "HR" league disbanded June 18, 1907 and did not attempt a comeback the next season.
St. Paul's Church (Edenton, North Carolina)
St. Paul's Church, Edenton, is a historic parish church in Edenton, North Carolina. The building, which dates from 1760, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The churchyard has the tombs of governors Charles Eden (1673–1722), Thomas Pollock (1654–1722), and Gabriel Johnston (1699–1752).

The congregation reported 434 members in 2015 and 514 members in 2023; no membership statistics were reported in 2024 parochial reports. Plate and pledge income reported for the congregation in 2024 was $564,850. Average Sunday attendance (ASA) in 2024 was 134 persons.

Gabriel Johnston
Gabriel Johnston (1699 – 17 July 1752) was a British colonial official who served as the sixth provincial governor of North Carolina from 1734 until his death in 1752. He was the longest serving governor, holding the office for 18 years.
Battle of Maskin
The Battle of Maskin (Arabic: معركة مسكن), also known as the Battle of Dayr al-Jathaliq (Arabic: معركة دير الجثاليق) from a nearby Nestorian monastery, was a decisive battle of the Second Fitna (680s-690s). It was fought in mid-October 691 near present-day Baghdad on the western bank of the river Tigris, between the army of the Umayyad caliph Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan and the forces of Mus'ab ibn al-Zubayr, governor of Iraq for his brother, the Mecca-based rival caliph Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr.

When the battle started, most of Mus'ab's troops refused to fight, having secretly switched allegiance to Abd al-Malik, and Mus'ab's main commander, Ibrahim ibn al-Ashtar, was killed in action. Mus'ab was slain soon afterward, resulting in the Umayyads' victory and recapture of Iraq, which opened the way for the Umayyad reconquest of the Hejaz (western Arabia) in late 692.

Wolfhart Heinrichs
Wolfhart P. Heinrichs (3 October 1941 – 23 January 2014) was a German scholar of Arabic. He was James Richard Jewett Professor of Arabic at Harvard University, and a co-editor of the second edition of the Encyclopaedia of Islam. He taught Classical Arabic language and literature, particularly Arabic literary theory and criticism.
Idaho Panhandle National Forests
The Idaho Panhandle National Forests are a jointly administered set of three national forests located mostly in the U.S. state of Idaho. In 1973, major portions of the Kaniksu, Coeur d'Alene, and St. Joe National Forests were combined to be administratively managed as the Idaho Panhandle National Forests (IPNF). The IPNF consists of more than 2.5 million acres (10,000 km2) of public lands in the panhandle of north Idaho, with small areas extending into eastern Washington (4.7%) and western Montana (1.2%). The northernmost portion of the IPNF share a boundary with Canada. The Forest Supervisor's office is located in Coeur d'Alene, Idaho with district office's in Bonners Ferry, Sandpoint, Priest River (Priest Lake Ranger District), Fernan and Smelterville (Coeur d'Alene River Ranger District), and St. Maries and Avery (St. Joe Ranger District).

Smelterville, Idaho
Smelterville is a city in Shoshone County, Idaho, United States. As of the 2020 census, Smelterville had a population of 670.

The town was named in 1929 by a voice vote of its residents; the other choices were Van Rena and Silver City (already used in southwestern Idaho). The presence of the Bunker Hill smelter, which started operating in 1917, caused the name to be selected.
Gehrlicher Solar
Gehrlicher Solar AG is a German photovoltaics corporation with its registered office in Neustadt near Coburg and its administrative headquarters in Dornach near Munich. Gehrlicher Solar AG acts as a system integrator, planning, building, financing, maintaining and operating photovoltaic systems on open areas and roofs. In addition, the corporation acts as a wholesaler for solar modules, inverters and complete photovoltaic systems as well as offering its own developed components from the „GehrTec“ family of products.

Registered office
A registered office is the official address of an incorporated company, association or any other legal entity. Generally it will form part of the public record and is required in most countries where the registered organization or legal entity is incorporated. A registered physical office address is required for incorporated organizations to receive official correspondence and formal notices from government departments, investors, banks, shareholders, and the public, in most countries in the world.: 209
Rindler
Rindler is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Filip Rindler (born 1984), Austrian mathematician

Jürgen Rindler (born 1986), Austrian footballer

Wolfgang Rindler (1924–2019), Austrian physicist

Wolfgang Rindler
Wolfgang Rindler (18 May 1924 – 8 February 2019) was an Austrian physicist studying general relativity. He is known for introducing the term "event horizon" for the boundary of a black hole, Rindler coordinates, and (in collaboration with Roger Penrose) for the use of spinors in general relativity. An honorary member of the Austrian Academy of Sciences and foreign member of the Accademia delle Scienze di Torino, he was also a prolific textbook author.
Environmental causes of aviation stress
In aviation, a source of stress that comes from the environment is known as an environmental stressor. Stress is defined as a situation, variable, or circumstance that interrupts the normal functioning of an individual and, most of the time, causes a threat. It can be related not only to mental health, but also to physical health.

Operating in aviation environments brings a combination of stressors that vary in nature and intensity. In the aviation industry, the main environmental stressors are time pressure, workload and overload, fatigue, noise, and temperature. These stressors are interconnected, meaning that the presence of one may cause others to occur. Scientists have studied each stressor to determine how to minimize its effects.

Effects of fatigue on safety
Fatigue is a major safety concern in many fields, but especially in transportation, because fatigue can result in disastrous accidents. Fatigue is considered an internal precondition for unsafe acts because it negatively affects the human operator's internal state. Research has generally focused on pilots, truck drivers, and shift workers.

Fatigue can be a symptom of a medical problem, but more commonly it is a normal physiological reaction to exertion, lack of sleep, boredom, changes to sleep-wake schedules (including jet lag), or stress.

In some cases, driving after 18–24 hours without sleep is equivalent to a blood alcohol content of 0.05%–0.10%.
Pyrylium
Pyrylium is a cation (positive ion) with formula C5H5O+, consisting of a six-membered ring of five carbon atoms, each with one hydrogen atom, and one positively charged oxygen atom. The bonds in the ring are conjugated as in benzene, giving it an aromatic character. In particular, because of the positive charge, the oxygen atom is trivalent.  Pyrilium is a mono-cyclic and heterocyclic compound, one of the oxonium ions.

Pyridinium
Pyridinium refers to the cation [C5H5NH]+. It is the conjugate acid of pyridine. Many related cations are known involving substituted pyridines, e.g. picolines, lutidines, collidines. They are prepared by treating pyridine with acids.

As pyridine is often used as an organic base in chemical reactions, pyridinium salts are produced in many acid-base reactions. Its salts are often insoluble in the organic solvent, so precipitation of the pyridinium leaving group complex is an indication of the progress of the reaction.

Pyridinium cations are aromatic, as determined through Hückel's rule. They are isoelectronic with benzene.
Baugy, Cher
Baugy (French pronunciation: [boʒi]) is a commune in the Cher department in the Centre-Val de Loire region of central France. On 1 January 2019, the former communes Laverdines and Saligny-le-Vif were merged into Baugy.

Centre-Val de Loire
Centre-Val de Loire (/ˌvæl də ˈlwɑːr, ˌvɑːl-/; French pronunciation: [sɑ̃tʁ(ə) val də lwaʁ], lit. 'Centre-Loire Valley'), or simply Centre as it was known until 2015, is one of the eighteen administrative regions of France. It straddles the middle Loire Valley in the interior of the country, encompassing six departments (Cher, Eure-et-Loir, Indre, Indre-et-Loire, Loir-et-Cher and Loiret), with a population of 2,572,853 as of 2018. Its prefecture is Orléans, and its largest city is Tours.
Flushing (military tactic)
Flushing (or Flush) is a military tactic whereby grenades, smoke, gunfire, riot control agent, chemical weapons or various other methods can be used to force opponents out from cover.

Flushing can cause opponents to leave their cover, possibly making them vulnerable to further action, or force them to take up a new position more favorable to the attacker, or disperse enemies completely. This generally makes it easier for the attacking force to deal with its opponents without unduly increasing the risk to themselves. It is mostly used in urban combat through the use of hand grenades, or in situations where defenders are dug in a fortified position, such as a bunker, behind sandbags, or hiding in buildings.

Chemical warfare
Chemical warfare (CW) involves using the toxic properties of chemical substances as weapons. This type of warfare is distinct from nuclear warfare, biological warfare and radiological warfare, which together make up CBRN, the military acronym for chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (warfare or weapons), all of which are considered "weapons of mass destruction" (WMDs), a term that contrasts with conventional weapons.

The use of chemical weapons in international armed conflicts is prohibited under international humanitarian law by the 1925 Geneva Protocol and the Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907. The 1993 Chemical Weapons Convention prohibits signatories from acquiring, stockpiling, developing, and using chemical weapons in all circumstances except for very limited purposes (research, medical, pharmaceutical or protective).
Belarc
Belarc Inc. is an American software company. The company's products are used for software license management, configuration management, cyber security status, information assurance audits, IT asset management, and more.

Products by Belarc are in use on well over fifty million computers and are licensed by numerous customers, including: AIA/Asia, Catholic Relief Services, Federal Aviation Administration, NASA, Oakland County Michigan, Railinc, Travelers, U.S. Air Force, U.S. Army, U.S. Bureau of Land Management, U.S. Navy, Unilever, WebMD/Emdeon.

Information assurance
Information assurance (IA) is the practice of assuring information and managing risks related to the use, processing, storage, and transmission of information. Information assurance includes protection of the integrity, availability, authenticity, non-repudiation and confidentiality of user data. IA encompasses both digital protections and physical techniques. These methods apply to data in transit, both physical and electronic forms, as well as data at rest. IA is best thought of as a superset of information security (i.e. umbrella term), and as the business outcome of information risk management.
Joe Holliday (politician)
Joseph John Holliday, (born 26 September 1958) is a former Gibraltarian politician and member of the Gibraltar Social Democrats. He served as Gibraltar's Minister for Tourism and Deputy Chief Minister and Minister for Trade and Enterprise with responsibility for economic development until the 2011 general election, with Peter Caruana as Chief Minister. Holliday failed to obtain a seat at the Gibraltar Parliament at this election. He was also chairman of Gibtelecom, AquaGib and Gibraltar Electricity Authority. He was also Chairman of the Development and Planning Commission.

Gibraltar Social Democrats
The Gibraltar Social Democrats (GSD) is a liberal-conservative, centre-right political party in Gibraltar. The GSD was the governing party for four successive terms in office under the leadership of Peter Caruana, from the 1996 general election until the party's electoral defeat in the 2011 election by the GSLP–Liberal Alliance.

On 30 November 2017, the party underwent their second leadership election as its leader, Daniel Feetham, resigned in July. As a result, 60.6% of the votes (from executives and members of the party) had gone to support rejoined GSD member, Keith Azopardi, who was a minister and Deputy Chief Minister under the first few years of Peter Caruana's run as Chief Minister. Azopardi had beaten interim leader Roy Clinton, who had gained 39.4% of the votes.
Jerry Carroll (comedian)
Jerry Carroll (born 1959) is an American comedian, speaker and farmer based in Raleigh, North Carolina. Also known as The Willow Spring Wildman, Carroll is best known for his role as co-host on television's "Amazing America with Sarah Palin".

Carroll started his career as a comedian in 1993 after working as a full-time farmer for several years. He has opened concerts for several music artists including Michael Bolton, Patty Loveless, Lyle Lovett, and Larry Gatlin.

Larry Gatlin & the Gatlin Brothers
Larry Gatlin & the Gatlin Brothers are an American country music vocal group. The group consists of lead singer Larry Gatlin (born May 2, 1948) and his brothers, Rudy and Steve Gatlin. The group achieved considerable success within the country music genre, performing on 33 top 40 country singles.

The group is known for Larry's tenor voice and for the country songs that they recorded in the 1970s and 1980s. Some of Gatlin's greatest hits include "Broken Lady", "All the Gold in California", "Houston (Means I'm One Day Closer to You)", "She Used to Be Somebody's Baby" and "Night Time Magic". During this time, country music trended toward slick pop-music arrangements in a style that came to be known as Countrypolitan. Gatlin and the Gatlin Brothers came to prominence and enjoyed their greatest success during this period with hit singles that showcased the brothers' rich gospel-inflected harmonies and Larry's poetic lyrics.
Dean Rock
Dean Rock (born 26 February 1990) is an Irish Gaelic footballer who was a senior member of the Dublin county team from 2013 to 2023.

He has represented Dublin at all grades, Minor, Junior, U21 and Senior. He is a noted free taker and scored the winning point from a free in the 2017 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship Final. Colm O'Rourke has described Rock as "statistically the best free taker that has been to Croke Park".

2010 All-Ireland Under-21 Football Championship
The All-Ireland Under 21 Football Championship is an under 21 Gaelic football inter county competition between the 32 counties of Ireland. Four competitions are contested in each province and the winners of each provincial championship enters the all-Ireland series.
George Walker (cricketer, born 1919)
George Arthur Walker (25 January 1919 – 31 August 1995) was an English cricketer. Walker was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast. He was born at West Bridgford, Nottinghamshire.

Walker made two first-class appearances for Nottinghamshire in the 1937 County Championship against Yorkshire at Headingley, and Lancashire at Trent Bridge. Despite bowling a total of 48 overs in his two matches, Walker took just a solitary wicket, that of Lancashire's Eddie Phillipson. With the bat he scored a total of 24 runs with a high score of 10 not out.

At the end of the 1937 season Walker retired from professional cricket and joined the Nottingham City Police.

He died at Bridlington, Yorkshire, on 31 August 1995.

West Bridgford
West Bridgford (/ˈbrɪdʒfərd/) is a town and the administrative centre of the borough of Rushcliffe, in the county of Nottinghamshire, England. It lies south of Nottingham city centre, east of Wilford, north of Ruddington and west of Radcliffe-on-Trent; it is also south-west of Colwick and south-east of Beeston, which are on the opposite bank of the River Trent. The town is part of the Nottingham Urban Area and had a population of 36,487 in the 2021 Census.
2016 Sparkassen Open
The 2016 Sparkassen Open is a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It is the 23rd edition of the tournament which is part of the 2016 ATP Challenger Tour. It will take place in Braunschweig, Germany between 4 and 10 July 2016.

Kenny de Schepper
Kenny de Schepper (born 29 May 1987) is a French professional tennis player who competed on the ATP Challenger Tour. He has a career high ATP rankings of world No. 62 achieved in April 2014 in singles and No. 152 in doubles achieved in February 2012.