hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gazi Hodja Mosque
Gazi Hodja Mosque, a mosque built during the Ottoman period in Edirne.

Although the exact construction date of the mosque, which is a single-domed masonry building, is unknown, it is mentioned in the sources that it was built by Gazi Hoca Rüstem in the 14th century. The mosque, which is under the auspices of the General Directorate of Foundations, is under 1st degree protection by the Monuments Board. The mosque, which was restored in 1992, continues to be used today.

Edirne
Edirne (US: /eɪˈdɪərnə, ɛˈ-/; Turkish: [e.ˈdiɾ.ne]), historically known as Orestias, Orestiada, Adrianople, or Adriana is a city in Turkey, in the northwestern part of the province of Edirne in Eastern Thrace. Situated 7 km (4.3 mi) from the Greek and 20 km (12 mi) from the Bulgarian borders, Edirne was the second capital city of the Ottoman Empire from the 1360s to 1453, before Constantinople became its capital.

The city is a commercial centre for woven textiles, silks, carpets and agricultural products and has a growing tourism industry. It is the seat of Edirne Province and Edirne District. Its population is 180,002 (2022).
Graef Crystal
Graef "Bud" S. Crystal was an expert on executive compensation, often cited as a critic of excessive packages.



He started work as an executive compensation consultant in 1959.  He worked for twenty years at the consulting firm Towers Perrin, and also taught at the Haas School of Business.  He advised on pay at Coca-Cola Company and American Express.

He authored books on executive compensation as both an advisor and critic.  He wrote a column on Bloomberg, and subsequently published on his own website.

Towers Perrin
Towers Perrin was a professional services firm that provided human resource consulting, financial services consulting, reinsurance intermediary services, as well as actuarial consulting services via its Tillinghast subsidiary. The firm was entirely owned by its employees. In 2010, the firm merged with Watson Wyatt Worldwide, forming Towers Watson.
Dick Blaisdell
Howard Carleton Blaisdell (June 18, 1862 – August 20, 1886) was an American starting pitcher for the Kansas City Cowboys of the Union Association during the 1884 season.

Blaisdell pitched for the Fort Wayne Hoosiers of the Northwestern League (1883) and Lynn of the Massachusetts State Association (1884) before joining the Cowboys. He posted a 0–3 record with an 8.65 ERA in 26 innings of work for Kansas City, who finished 11th with a 16–63 mark. Though he was not successful as a pitcher, Blaisdell hit .313 (5-for-16) with a double and one run, a bright spot for a team which hit for a .199 average.

In 1885, Blaisdell pitched for the Haverhill club of the New England League. A year later he died of tuberculosis in Malden, Massachusetts, at the age of 24.

New England League
The New England League was a mid-level league in American minor league baseball that played intermittently in five of the six New England states (Vermont excepted) between 1886 and 1949. After 1901, it existed in the shadow of two Major League Baseball clubs in Boston and alongside stronger, higher-classification leagues.

In 1946, the NEL, the International League and the Canadian–American League – which all included farm teams of the Brooklyn Dodgers – were the first 20th century leagues (other than the Negro leagues) to permit African Americans to play. The following season, Jackie Robinson and Larry Doby would integrate the major leagues.
Braddock Nunataks
The Braddock Nunataks (70°48′S 65°55′W﻿ / ﻿70.800°S 65.917°W﻿ / -70.800; -65.917) are a group of prominent nunataks located inland from Bertram Glacier and 9 nautical miles (17 km) southeast of Perseus Crags on the west margin of the Dyer Plateau, in Palmer Land. They were mapped by the United States Geological Survey in 1974, and named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Lieutenant Robert L. Braddock, Jr., CEC, U.S. Navy, Officer-in-Charge of the South Pole Station in 1974.

Nunatak
A nunatak (from Inuit nunataq) is the summit or ridge of a mountain that protrudes from an ice field or glacier that otherwise covers most of the mountain or ridge. They often form natural pyramidal peaks. Isolated nunataks are also called glacial islands, and smaller nunataks rounded by glacial action may be referred to as rognons.

The word is of Greenlandic origin and has been used in English since the 1870s.
Richardia grandiflora
Richardia grandiflora, the largeflower Mexican clover, largeflower pusley, or Florida snow, is a species of flowering plant native to Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay, and northeastern Argentina. It is in the Rubiaceae family. Used as a ground cover, it has proliferated in Florida where it has sometimes been perceived as a weed.

Rubiaceae
Rubiaceae (/ruːbiˈeɪsiːˌiː, -siˌaɪ/) is a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the coffee, madder, or bedstraw family. It consists of terrestrial trees, shrubs, lianas, or herbs that are recognizable by simple, opposite leaves with interpetiolar stipules and sympetalous actinomorphic flowers. The family contains about 14,200 species in about 615 genera, which makes it the fourth-largest angiosperm family by number of species. Rubiaceae has a cosmopolitan distribution; however, the largest species diversity is concentrated in the tropics and subtropics. Economically important genera include  Coffea, the source of coffee; Cinchona, the source of the antimalarial alkaloid quinine; ornamental cultivars (e.g., Gardenia, Ixora, Pentas); and historically some dye plants (e.g., Rubia).
Rodrigo Gutiérrez Girón
Rodrigo Gutiérrez Girón (died 1193) was a magnate and ricohombre from Palencia who played a key role in the Medieval history of the Iberian Peninsula. He was the first one of his lineage to add Girón to his patronymic. Owner of vast holdings and estates, Rodrigo and his relatives formed one of the most powerful clans in Tierra de Campos since the time of the Banu Gómez.

Magnate
A magnate was a man from the higher nobility, a man who belonged to the high office-holders, or a man in a high social position, by birth, wealth or other qualities in Western Christian countries since the medieval period. It also includes the members of the higher clergy, such as bishops, archbishops and cardinals. In reference to the medieval, the term is often used to distinguish higher territorial landowners and warlords, such as counts, earls, dukes, and territorial-princes from the baronage. In Poland the szlachta (nobles) constituted one of the largest proportions of the population (around 10–12%) and 'magnat' refers to the richest nobles, or nobles of the nobility - even though they had equal voting rights in Poland's electoral monarchy.
Bruce McIntosh
Bruce Greaves McIntosh (born March 17, 1949) is an American retired ice hockey defenseman who played in two National Hockey League games with the Minnesota North Stars during the 1972–73 season. McIntosh was signed as a free agent by the North Stars after playing for the University of Minnesota men's hockey team. He now co-owns a Golf Course in northern Minnesota.

Minnesota North Stars
The Minnesota North Stars were a professional ice hockey team in the National Hockey League (NHL) for 26 seasons, from 1967 to 1993. The North Stars played their home games at the Met Center in Bloomington, Minnesota, and the team's colors for most of its history were green, yellow, gold and white. The North Stars played 2,062 regular season games and made the NHL playoffs 17 times, including two Stanley Cup Final appearances, where they were defeated by the New York Islanders in 1981 and the Pittsburgh Penguins in 1991. After the 1992–93 season, the franchise moved to Dallas, and the team was renamed the Dallas Stars.
Brent Runyon
Brent Runyon (or Brenner) (born 1977) is a contemporary writer for young adults. He has written three books. The first is a memoir, The Burn Journals (2004); the other two are novels, Maybe (2006), and Surface Tension: A Novel in Four Summers (2009). The Burn Journals has been nominated for a Georgia Peach Award for Young Readers.

Runyon was 14 years old when he attempted to kill himself. He did this by undressing, pouring gasoline on his robe, putting his robe on, and setting his robe on fire. He suffered third-degree-burns on 85% of his body. His first book, The Burn Journals, is a memoir of his suicide survival. He is a regular contributor to public radio's This American Life, and lives in Cape Cod, Massachusetts with his wife and three stepchildren.

This American Life
This American Life is a weekly hour-long American radio program produced in collaboration with Chicago Public Media and hosted by Ira Glass. It is broadcast on numerous public radio stations in the United States and internationally, and is also available as a free weekly podcast. Primarily a journalistic non-fiction program, it has also featured essays, memoirs, field recordings, short fiction, and found footage. The first episode aired on November 17, 1995, under the show's original title, Your Radio Playhouse. The series was distributed by Public Radio International until June 2014, when the program became self-distributed with Public Radio Exchange delivering new episodes to public radio stations.

A television adaptation of the show ran for two seasons on the Showtime cable network between June 2007 and May 2008.
Tony McRae (politician)
Anthony David McRae (born 7 April 1957 in Tumut, New South Wales) was an ALP member of the Western Australian Legislative Assembly from 2001 to 2008, representing the electorate of Riverton. McRae unexpectedly won the traditionally Liberal seat of Riverton in the 2001 Gallop-led election and held the seat at the 2005 election.

Western Australian Labor Party
The Western Australian Labor Party, officially known as WA Labor, is the Western Australian branch of the Australian Labor Party (ALP). It is the current governing party of Western Australia since winning the 2017 state election under Mark McGowan.
Black Rabbit
Black Rabbit is an American crime thriller television miniseries created by Zach Baylin and Kate Susman for Netflix starring Jude Law and Jason Bateman. It was released on Netflix on September 18, 2025.

Amaka Okafor
Sally Amaka Okafor is a British actress. She is known for her work in theatre, and her roles in the film Greatest Days (2023) as well as the BBC One series The Responder (2022) and the Netflix series Bodies (2023).
Katrina A. Jolliffe
Katrina (Kate) Anne Jolliffe is an Australian  supramolecular and organic chemist and professor at the University of Sydney.

In 2002 Jolliffe was awarded an ARC fellowship at the University of Sydney. She was made a senior lecturer in 2007, promoted associate professor in 2008 and full professor in 2009. From 2013 to 2016 she was head of the school of chemistry.

Jolliffe is a Fellow of both the Royal Society of New South Wales and the Royal Australian Chemical Institute. In 2020 she was elected a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Science. She has won a number of awards including the Biota Award for Medicinal Chemistry, A. J. Birch, H.G. Smith Memorial medals, and Margaret Sheil Leadership Awards from the Royal Australian Chemical Institute.

Australian Academy of Science
The Australian Academy of Science is a scientific academy. It was founded in 1954 by a group of distinguished Australians, including Australian Fellows of the Royal Society of London, after its forerunner, the Australian National Research Council had been dissolved.  The Academy Secretariat is in Canberra, at the Shine Dome.
Lyle J. Burbridge
Lyle J. Burbridge (died January 16, 2006) was an American sound engineer. He was nominated for an Academy Award in the category Best Sound for the film Rocky, and for a Primetime Emmy Award for sound mixing for the TV series Fame.

Fame (1982 TV series)
Fame is an American musical drama television series based on the 1980 film of the same name. It followed the lives of the students and faculty at New York City's High School of Performing Arts. Most interior scenes were filmed in Hollywood, California. In all seasons except the third, the show filmed several exterior scenes on location in New York City. The series aired on NBC from January 7, 1982 to April 7, 1983 and later in syndication from October 15, 1983 to May 18, 1987.

The popularity of the series around the world, most notably in the United Kingdom, led to several hit records and live concert tours by the cast. Despite its success, few of the actors maintained high-profile careers after the series was cancelled. Several of the cast members were seen again briefly in Bring Back...Fame, a reunion special made for Channel 4 in the United Kingdom in 2008.
Marcel Hansen (criminal)
Marcel Lychau Hansen (born October 2, 1965), better known as the Amager Man (Danish: Amagermanden), is a Danish serial rapist and convicted murderer who was sentenced to life imprisonment for two murders by a jury in the Copenhagen City Court on December 22, 2011. Hansen has also been convicted of six rapes, one of them being a quadruple rape, committed from February 16, 1987, to September 25, 2010.

Hansen was born on October 2, 1965, growing up at Tilburg Allé in Dragør, on Amager. He attended the Skelgårdsskolen in Tårnby, and later had a family in Kastrup in 1988 with a young girlfriend. They never married, and separated after nearly 20 years of cohabitation in 2007. The couple has two sons.

Serial rapist
A serial rapist is someone who commits multiple rapes, whether with multiple victims or a single victim repeatedly over a period of time. Some serial rapists target children. The terms sexual predator, repeat rape and multiple offending can also be used to describe the activities of those who commit a number of consecutive rapes, but remain unprosecuted when self-reported in research. Others will commit their assaults in prisons.

In some instances, a group of serial rapists will work together.  These rapists can have a pattern of behavior that is sometimes used to predict their activities and aid in their arrest and conviction. Serial rapists also differ from one-time offenders because "serial rapists more often involved kidnapping, verbally and physically threatening the victims, and using or threatening the use of weapons."
Jackson Hotel (Paola, Kansas)
The Jackson Hotel is a historic hotel building located at 139 W. Peoria St. in Paola, Kansas. The hotel was built in 1921 on a site which had contained a hotel since 1863; the Jackson Hotel was the third hotel built at the site. Architect George P. Washburn designed the hotel in the Commercial style. The hotel features a full-length porch on the ground floor and a front entry with a transom and sidelights, a common element of group residences of the era intended to make the building resemble a home. From 1937 to 1969, Paola business directories listed the Jackson Hotel as one of only two in the city, along with the Commercial Hotel; it became the only hotel in 1969 when the Commercial Hotel was demolished. By 1992, the hotel building had been vacated; it remained empty until a 2006 redevelopment effort.

The hotel was added to the National Register of Historic Places on July 9, 2008.

Transom (architecture)
In architecture, a transom is a transverse horizontal structural beam or bar, or a crosspiece separating a door from a window above it. This contrasts with a mullion, a vertical structural member. Transom or transom window is also the customary U.S. word used for a transom light, the window over this crosspiece. In Britain, the transom light is usually referred to as a fanlight, often with a semi-circular shape, especially when the window is segmented like the slats of a folding hand fan. A prominent example of this is at the main entrance of 10 Downing Street, the official residence of the prime minister of the United Kingdom.
Engelmann (surname)
Engelmann is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Eduard Engelmann Jr. (1864–1944), Austrian figure skater, engineer, and cyclist

Fabien Engelmann (1979–), French politician

Franklin Engelmann (1908–1972), British radio personality, popular in the 1950s and 1960s

George Engelmann (1809–1884), German-American botanist

George Julius Engelmann (1847–1903), American obstetrician and gynecologist

Godefroy Engelmann (1788–1839), Franco-German lithographer

Helene Engelmann (1898–1985), Austrian figure skater

Hugo O. Engelmann (1917–2002), American sociologist, anthropologist, and general systems theorist

Johannes Engelmann (1832–1912), Baltic German jurist

Paul Engelmann (1891–1965), Jewish-Austrian architect

Peter Engelmann (1823–1874), German American educationist and writer

Theodor Wilhelm Engelmann (1843–1909), German botanist, physiologist, microbiologist, university professor, and musician

Thorsten Engelmann (b. 1981), German rower

Theodor Wilhelm Engelmann
Theodor Wilhelm Engelmann (14 November 1843 – 20 May 1909) was a German botanist, physiologist, microbiologist, university professor, and musician whose 1882 experiment measured the effects of different colors of light on photosynthetic activity and showed that the conversion of light energy to chemical energy took place in the chloroplast.
34th César Awards
The 34th César Awards ceremony was presented by the Académie des Arts et Techniques du Cinéma to honour its selection of the best films of 2008 on 27 February 2009. Canal+ broadcast the event, which took place again at Théâtre du Châtelet in Paris, France. The nominations for the Awards were announced on 23 January.  The ceremony was chaired by Charlotte Gainsbourg and hosted by Antoine de Caunes. Séraphine won the award for Best Film.

Antoine de Caunes
Antoine de Caunes (born 1 December 1953) is a French television presenter, comedian, actor, journalist, writer and film director. He is the son of two prominent French personalities, television journalist-reporter Georges de Caunes and television announcer Jacqueline Joubert. He is the father of the actress Emma de Caunes.
Harete Hipango
Harete Makere Hipango (born 	1964 or 1965) is a New Zealand politician. She was a member of parliament in the House of Representatives for the National Party and sat on the Māori Affairs Committee.

Hipango served as MP for the Whanganui electorate from 2017 to 2020 but was defeated in the 2020 general election. However, after National MP Nick Smith resigned in May 2021, she re-entered Parliament in June 2021 as a list MP. She failed to be re-elected at the 2023 election.

List MP
A list MP is a member of parliament (MP) elected from a party list rather than a geographic electoral district. The place in Parliament is due to the number of votes the party won, not to votes received by the MP personally. This occurs only in countries with an electoral system based wholly or partly on party-list proportional representation.
Tax and spend
"Tax and spend" is a term used in politics meaning government policy to increase or collect taxes for the purpose of increasing public spending. The term is commonly used as criticism; some have embraced the label.

The 1936 United States Supreme Court case United States v. Butler grappled with the question of the constitutionality of tax and spend policy in the United States, with the Court majority concluding that "the power to tax and spend includes the power to relieve a nationwide economic maladjustment by conditional gifts of money".

United States v. Butler
United States v. Butler, 297 U.S. 1 (1936), is a U.S. Supreme Court case that held that the U.S. Congress has not only the power to lay taxes to the level necessary to carry out its other powers enumerated in Article I of the U.S. Constitution but also a broad authority to tax and spend for the "general welfare" of the United States. The decision itself concerned whether the processing taxes instituted by the 1933 Agricultural Adjustment Act were constitutional.
Swimming at the 1971 Pan American Games – Women's 100 metre breaststroke
The women's 100 metre breaststroke competition of the swimming events at the 1971 Pan American Games took place on 7 August 1971. The last Pan American Games champion was Catie Ball of US.

This race consisted of two lengths of the pool, both lengths being in breaststroke.

Catie Ball
Catharine Ball Condon (born September 30, 1951), née Catharine Northcutt Ball, is an American former competition swimmer, Olympic champion, and former world record-holder in three events.  At the 1968 Summer Olympics, she won a gold medal as a member of the winning U.S. 4×100-meter medley relay team.  Ball is a former world record holder in the 100-meter and 200-meter breaststroke events, and is remembered as a teenage star who was the dominant female breaststroke swimmer of her generation.
Sazaman-e Reza Ajdadi
Sazaman-e Reza Ajdadi (Persian: سازمان رضااجدادي, also Romanized as Sāzamān-e Rez̤ā Ājdādī) is a village in Meyami Rural District, Meyami District, Shahrud County, Semnan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 19, in 5 families.

Semnan province
Semnan province (Persian: استان سمنان) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. It is in the north of the country. Its capital is the city of Semnan.

The province of Semnan covers an area of 96,816 square kilometers and stretches along the Alborz mountain range, bordering on Kavir desert in its southern parts. The province was made part of Region 1 on 22 June 2014, as the provinces were grouped into 5 regions for coordination and development purposes.
Blanche Hinman Dow
Blanche Hinman Dow (February 9, 1894 — May 25, 1973) was President of the American Association of University Women (1963–1967) and was President of Cottey College, retiring in 1965 after serving for 16 years.

Dow graduated from Smith College in 1913, continuing her education at Columbia University earning a master's degree and doctorate in French. She went on to serve on the White House Commission on International Cooperation, the National Citizens Committee on Community Relations, and the President's Committee on Employment of the Handicapped.

American Association of University Women
The American Association of University Women (AAUW) is an American non-profit organization that advances equity for women and girls through advocacy, education, and research. The organization has a nationwide network of 170,000 members and supporters, 1,000 local branches, and 800 college and university partners. Its headquarters are in Washington, D.C. AAUW's CEO is Gloria L. Blackwell.
Listed buildings in Pontefract
Pontefract is a town in the metropolitan borough of the City of Wakefield, West Yorkshire, England.  In the town and surrounding area are 66 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England.  Of these, one is listed at Grade I, the highest of the three grades, eight are at Grade II*, the middle grade, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade.  Most of the listed buildings are houses and cottages, shops and offices.  The other listed buildings include churches, public buildings, public houses and hotels, the remains of a former underground hermitage, the socket stone of a former wayside cross, market buildings, a former windmill, the former gateway to a military depot, a former workhouse, and two mileposts.

Metropolitan borough
A metropolitan borough (or metropolitan district) is a type of local government district in England. Created in 1974 by the Local Government Act 1972, metropolitan boroughs are defined in English law as metropolitan districts within metropolitan counties. All of the metropolitan districts have been granted or regranted royal charters giving them borough status (and in some cases, they also have city status). Metropolitan boroughs have been effectively unitary authority areas since the abolition of metropolitan county councils by the Local Government Act 1985. Metropolitan boroughs pool much of their authority in joint boards and other arrangements that cover whole metropolitan counties, such as local enterprise partnerships and combined authorities, with most of the latter having a directly elected metropolitan mayor.