hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
RCS2 J2327
RCS2 J2327 (also identified as RCS2 J2327-0204) is an extremely massive galaxy cluster. It is located approximately 6.4 billion light-years away in the constellation of Pisces, thus making it one of the farthest clusters away from Earth. Recent studies have shown that the galaxy cluster has the mass of two quadrillion suns, making it the second-most-massive galaxy cluster. The galaxies are known to be distorted by gravitational lensing, which can have the ability to deflect distort, and amplify the light from the objects behind it. It can also be observed in strong lens, weak lens, and microlens and has 85% invisible dark matter.

Gravitational lens
A gravitational lens is matter, such as a cluster of galaxies or a point particle, that bends light from a distant source as it travels toward an observer. The amount of gravitational lensing is described by Albert Einstein's general theory of relativity. If light is treated as corpuscles travelling at the speed of light, Newtonian physics also predicts the bending of light, but only half of that predicted by general relativity.

Orest Khvolson (1924) and Frantisek Link (1936) are generally credited with being the first to discuss the effect in print, but it is more commonly associated with Einstein, who made unpublished calculations on it in 1912 and published an article on the subject in 1936.

In 1937, Fritz Zwicky posited that galaxy clusters could act as gravitational lenses, a claim confirmed in 1979 by observation of the Twin QSO SBS 0957+561.
For All Those Sleeping
For All Those Sleeping was an American metalcore band formed in Sartell, Minnesota in 2007.  The band released three studio albums, Cross Your Fingers, Outspoken, and Incomplete Me, all of which featured the same lineup. They announced their breakup in 2014.

Abandon All Ships
Abandon All Ships was a Canadian post-hardcore band from Toronto, Ontario. Formed in 2006, it was signed domestically to Universal Music Canada via Underground Operations, along with an American deal to Rise Records and its imprint Velocity Records.
Franconian Jura
The Franconian Jura (German: Fränkische Alb [ˈfʁɛŋkɪʃə ˈʔalp] ⓘ, Fränkischer Jura, Frankenalb or Frankenjura) is an upland in Franconia, Bavaria, Germany. Located between two rivers, the Danube in the south and the Main in the north, its peaks reach elevations of up to 600 metres (2,000 ft) and it has an area of some 7053.8 km2.  It is part of the Table Jura (Tafeljura).

Large portions of the Franconian Jura are part of the Altmühl Valley Nature Park. The scenic meanders and gorges formed by the river Altmühl draw tourists to visit the region.

Geologically, the Franconian Jura is the eastern continuation of the Swabian Jura. The mountain chains are separated from each other by the impact crater of the Nördlinger Ries.

The northern part of the Franconian Jura is known as Franconian Switzerland (German: Fränkische Schweiz).

Nördlinger Ries
The Nördlinger Ries (German pronunciation: [ˈnœʁtlɪŋɐ ˈʁiːs]) is an impact crater and large circular depression in western Bavaria and eastern Baden-Württemberg. It is located north of the Danube in the district of Donau-Ries. The city of Nördlingen is located within the depression, about 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) south-west of its centre.
Scelotes poensis
Scelotes poensis is a species of small skink endemic to the coastal forests of Bioko, such as the regions surrounding Malabo. The species has also potentially been sighted in the coastal forests of Cameroon. It is also known as the Fernando Po Burrowing Skink, after the historic name for Bioko.

No physical examples nor images of the species exist. Furthermore, despite this name, it is debated whether the animal is terrestrial or fossorial. It is, however, know that the average adult of the species weighs 9.77g and that the species lacks both forelimbs and hindlimbs.

Malabo
Malabo (/məˈlɑːboʊ/ mə-LAH-boh, Spanish: [maˈlaβo] ⓘ; formerly Santa Isabel [ˈsantajsaˈβel] ⓘ) is a city in Equatorial Guinea, located in the province of Bioko Norte. It is located on the north coast of the island of Bioko (Bube: Etulá, and as Fernando Pó by the Europeans). In 2018, the city had a population of approximately 297,000 inhabitants.

Spanish is the official language of the city and of the country as well, but Pichinglis is also used as a language of wider communication across Bioko island, including Malabo.

Malabo is the oldest city in Equatorial Guinea and served as its former capital. Ciudad de la Paz is a planned community in mainland Equatorial Guinea which was built to replace Malabo as the capital. The institutions of governance of Equatorial Guinea began the process of locating to Ciudad de la Paz in February 2017. Ciudad de la Paz was officially proclaimed capital of Equatorial Guinea in January 2026.
Hassan Wario
Hassan Gurach Wario Arero (born 24 November 1970) is a Kenyan civil servant and politician, who has been Kenyan Ambassador to Austria since 2018. He was Cabinet Secretary for Sports, Culture, and the Arts of Kenya from 2013 to 2018.

Arero hails from the Borana community. He was educated at the University of Nairobi (BA, Anthropology, 1995), and a master's degree in Advanced Arts of Africa, Oceania, and the Americas at the University of East Anglia. He completed his PhD in anthropology at the University of East Anglia in 2013.

Boorana
The Boorana (also known as Borana) are one of the two major subgroups of the Oromo people. A Cushitic ethnic group, they primarily inhabit the Borena Zone of the Oromia Region of Ethiopia and the former Eastern Province in northern Kenya, specifically Marsabit County. They speak a distinct dialect of the Oromo language by the same name, Boorana. The Boorana people are notable for practicing the Gadaa system without interruption.
Young Syefura Othman
Young Syefura Othman (born 9 November 1989), nicknamed Rara, is a Malaysian politician and nurse who has served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Bentong since November 2022. She served as Member of the Pahang State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Ketari from May 2018 to November 2022. She is a member of the Democratic Action Party, a component party of the Pakatan Harapan (PH) and formerly Pakatan Rakyat (PR) coalitions. She has served as the Assistant National Publicity Secretary of DAP since March 2025, Vice Women Chief of DAP since September 2023 and State Vice Chairperson of DAP of Pahang since September 2024. She also served as Deputy Youth Chief of DAP from March 2022 to November 2024. Additionally, she is the first Bentong MP of the Malay ethnicity, the first female Malay MP of DAP in Malaysian history and presently the youngest MP of DAP at the age of 36 years, 107 days.

Pahang State Legislative Assembly
The Pahang State Legislative Assembly (Malay: Dewan Negeri Pahang) is the unicameral state legislature of the Malaysian state of Pahang. It is composed of 42 members representing single-member constituencies throughout the state.

The Assembly convenes at the Wisma Seri Pahang in the state capital, Kuantan.
Kiribati at the 2014 Commonwealth Games
Kiribati competed in the 2014 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow, Scotland from 23 July – 3 August 2014.

Due to a scheduling conflict between the Commonwealth Games and the 2014 Micronesian Games in Pohnpei, Kiribati has had to split its delegation between the two events. In Glasgow, the country is represented by 20 athletes in six sports: athletics, badminton, boxing, table tennis, weightlifting and wrestling. Participating in their fifth Commonwealth Games, Kiribati won its first medal, a gold, in men's weightlifting 105 kg by David Katoatau.

David Katoatau
David Katoatau (born 17 July 1984) is an I-Kiribati weightlifter who received international press attention due to dance routines he performed following his lifts at the 2016 Summer Olympics, in order to bring attention to the impact of climate change on Kiribati.
Keilor archaeological site
The Keilor archaeological site was among the first places to demonstrate the antiquity of Aboriginal occupation of Australia when a cranium, unearthed in 1940, was found to be nearly 15,000 years old. Subsequent investigations of Pleistocene alluvial terraces revealed hearths about 31,000 years BP, making Keilor one of the earliest sites of human habitation in Australia. Remains of megafauna suggest a possible association with Aboriginal hunting.

Before Present
Before Present (BP) or "years before present (YBP)" is a time scale used mainly in archaeology, geology, and other scientific disciplines to specify when events occurred relative to the origin of practical radiocarbon dating in the 1950s. Because the "present" time changes, standard practice is to use 1 January 1950 as the commencement date (epoch) of the age scale, with 1950 being labelled as the "standard year". The abbreviation "BP" has been interpreted retrospectively as "Before Physics", which refers to the time before nuclear weapons testing artificially altered the proportion of the carbon isotopes in the atmosphere, which scientists must account for when using radiocarbon dating for dates of origin that may fall after this year.

In a convention that is not always observed, many sources restrict the use of BP dates to those produced with radiocarbon dating; the alternative notation "RCYBP" stands for the explicit "radio carbon years before present".
Antonio T. de Nicolás
Antonio T. de Nicolas (December 21, 1930 – May 3, 2022) was a Spanish-born American scholar, poet and professor of philosophy. He was professor emeritus of philosophy at the State University of New York at Stony Brook.

De Nicolas received his PhD from Fordham University and authored over 27 books, including translations of works by Ignatius de Loyola and Juan Ramón Jiménez.

In 2014, a collection of essays in honor of de Nicolas was published on the initiative of Christopher Key Chapple who edited the collection.

De Nicolas died on May 3, 2022, at the age of 91.

Juan Ramón Jiménez
Juan Ramón Jiménez Mantecón (Spanish pronunciation: [xwan raˈmoŋ xiˈmeneθ manteˈkon]; 23 December 1881 – 29 May 1958) was a Spanish poet, a prolific writer who received the 1956 Nobel Prize in Literature "for his lyrical poetry, which in the Spanish language constitutes an example of high spirit and artistic purity". One of Jiménez's most important contributions to modern poetry was his advocacy of the concept of "pure poetry".
Umpleby (surname)
Umpleby is an English surname, originally given to people from Anlaby in East Yorkshire. Notable people with this surname include:

Jim Umpleby (born 1958), American businessman

Stuart Umpleby (born 1944), American cybernetician

William Umpleby Kirk (1843–1928), English pioneer photographer

Jim Umpleby
Donald James "Jim" Umpleby III is an American businessman. He was the CEO of Caterpillar Inc. from January 2017 to May 2025, and has been chairman of the Caterpillar board of directors since December 2018.
David Stewart Farm
David Stewart Farm, also known as Rock Valley Farm, is a historic house and farm located near Triadelphia, Ohio County, West Virginia. The main house was built about 1812, and is a two-story sandstone dwelling.  It is a rectangular, single pile, center-hall structure.  Also on the property are a
sandstone spring house with workshop above, corncrib, washhouse, and old barn.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.

Spring house
A spring house, or springhouse, is a small building, usually of a single room, constructed over a spring.  While the original purpose of a springhouse was to keep the spring water clean by excluding fallen leaves, animals, etc., the enclosing structure was also used for refrigeration before the advent of ice delivery and, later, electric refrigeration.  The water of the spring maintains a constant cool temperature inside the spring house throughout the year.  Food that would otherwise spoil, such as meat, fruit, or dairy products, could be kept there, safe from animal depredations as well. Springhouses thus often also served as pumphouses, milkhouses and root cellars.

The Tomahawk Spring spring house at Tomahawk, West Virginia, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994.
2021 Jakarta Film Week
The inaugural edition of Jakarta Film Week was held on 18 to 21 November 2021 by the Tourism and Creative Economy Department of Jakarta as an effort to support the revival of film industry post the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. The festival was held in-person and virtual around Central Jakarta at the CGV Grand Indonesia, Metropole XXI, and Ashley Hotel, also through streaming service Vidio. Actress Shenina Cinnamon was appointed as the festival ambassador.

The most prestigious award of the festival, Global Feature Award, was presented to French drama film Petite Maman, directed by Céline Sciamma.

Metropole, Jakarta
Metropole is a historic multipurpose building complex in Jakarta, Indonesia. Currently, Metropole is the oldest surviving movie theater in Jakarta. One of its main tenants is the 21 Cineplex group, which operates the Metropole XXI movie theater in the complex's main building. As a historic cinema, it has screened films during the first Indonesian Film Festival (1955) and the 16th Asia Pacific Film Festival (1970). Metropole was listed as an architectural heritage site by the governor in 1993.

Other tenants including a Starbucks coffeehouse chain, a bakery and an upscale Indonesian restaurant on the second floor.
Sonia Vinci
Sonia Vinci (born 1971) is a former journalist and co-anchor of Nine News in Perth.

She began a journalist in 1990 at Perth radio 6PR and later became Australia's youngest female news director. During her time at 6PR, Sonia also worked at Channel Seven Perth as a weekend journalist for Seven News, and also read sports news for Seven's Footy Show in 1994.

She later worked for regional station GWN as a news anchor before returning to 6PR and the Channel 9 in 2000. She worked initially as a stand-by news anchor, but later became weeknight anchor, and with Dixie Marshall was part of Australia's first female duo news team from 2003–2007.

In January 2008, Nine announced that Vinci would host a new Western Australian version of A Current Affair. However, it was announced in July that Vinci would not proceed with her new position, with a view to "spending more time with the kids".

Seven News
Seven News (stylised 7NEWS) is the television news service of the Seven Network and, as of 2021, the highest-rated show in Australia.

National bulletins are presented from Seven's high definition studios in South Eveleigh, Sydney, while its flagship 6 pm statewide bulletins are produced in studios based in Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Adelaide, Perth and Tasmania. The network also produces weeknight local news bulletins for regional markets in Queensland, New South Wales (including the ACT), Victoria and Western Australia.

It draws upon the resources of ITN, NBC, CBC, CNN, APTN and Reuters for select international coverage.
2019 New Year Honours
The 2019 New Year Honours are appointments by some of the 16 Commonwealth realms to various orders and honours to recognise and reward good works by citizens of those countries. The New Year Honours are awarded as part of the New Year celebrations at the start of January and were officially announced in The London Gazette at 22:30 on 28 December 2018. Australia, an independent Realm, has a separate honours system and its first honours of the year, the 2019 Australia Day Honours, coincide with Australia Day on 26 January.

The recipients of honours are displayed as they were styled before their new honour and arranged by the country whose ministers advised The Queen on the appointments, then by the honour and by the honour's grade (e.g. Knight/Dame Grand Cross, Knight/Dame Commander etc.), and then by divisions (i.e. Civil, Diplomatic, and Military), as appropriate.

Volunteer Reserves Service Medal
The Volunteer Reserves Service Medal (VRSM) is a medal which may be awarded to members of the Volunteer Reserves of all branches of the British Armed Forces - the Royal Naval Reserve, the Royal Marines Reserve, the Army Reserve and the Royal Auxiliary Air Force. It replaced the separate decorations and medals awarded respectively to officers and other ranks in each of the services - the Royal Navy's Reserve Decoration and Reserve Long Service and Good Conduct Medal, the British Army's Territorial Decoration and Efficiency Medal, and the Royal Air Force's  Air Efficiency Award - from 1 April 1999.
Blue-crowned lorikeet
The blue-crowned lorikeet (Vini australis), also known as the blue-crowned lory, blue-crested lory, Solomon lory or Samoan lory, is a parrot found throughout the Lau Islands (Fiji), Tonga, Samoa, Niue and adjacent islands, including: ʻAlofi, Fotuhaʻa, Fulago, Futuna, Haʻafeva, Niuafoʻou, Moce, Niue, Ofu, Olosega, Samoa, Savaiʻi, Tafahi, Taʻu, Tofua, Tonga, Tungua, ʻUiha, ʻUpolu, Varoa, Vavaʻu, and Voleva. It is a 19 cm green lorikeet with a red throat, blue crown, and belly patch shading from red at the top to purple at the bottom.

Alofi
Alofi is the capital of the island nation of Niue. With a population of 610 in 2022, Alofi is the second-smallest national capital by population (after Ngerulmud, capital of Palau). It consists of two villages: Alofi North and Alofi South. They collectively serve as the capital, but of the two, Alofi South hosts more government buildings, as many were moved to the southern part after Cyclone Heta.
Międzyrzecze, West Pomeranian Voivodeship
Międzyrzecze [mjɛnd͡zɨˈʐɛt͡ʂɛ] (German: Meseritz) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Sławoborze, within Świdwin County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 10 km (6 mi) west of Sławoborze, 17 km (11 mi) north-west of Świdwin, and 83 km (52 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

The village has a population of 90.

Świdwin
Świdwin [ˈɕfidvin] (German: Schivelbein; Kashubian: Skwilbëno) is a town in West Pomeranian Voivodeship of northwestern Poland. It is the capital of Świdwin County, and the administrative seat of Gmina Świdwin. Świdwin is situated in the historic Pomerania region on the left bank of the Rega river, about 100 km (62 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin and 44 km (27 mi) south of the Baltic coast at Kołobrzeg. In 2018 the town had a population of 15,725.
Kemokai Kallon
Kemokai Kallon (born 17 March 1972 in Kenema, Sierra Leone) is a Sierra Leonean former professional footballer who played as a centre-back for Kallon F.C. He is the older brother of the Sierra Leonean international footballer Mohamed Kallon and the younger brother of the former Sierra Leonean international footballer Musa Kallon.

At club level, he made an appearance for Ljungskile SK in Sweden in 1997, and in the same year went on to play for Norrby IF, where he made four appearances and scored one goal. At international level, he was a member of the Sierra Leone national team at the 1994 African Nations Cup in Tunisia and the 1996 African Nations Cup in South Africa. He announced his retirement from international football in 2006 at age 34.

Ljungskile SK
Ljungskile SK is a Swedish professional football club located in Ljungskile, a town within Uddevalla Municipality. They currently play in Superettan, the second tier of Swedish football, after promotion from Ettan in 2025.
Córdoba vesper mouse
The Córdoba vesper mouse or Córdoba laucha  (Calomys venustus) is a South American rodent species of the family Cricetidae. It is endemic to the area of Córdoba Province, central Argentina, where it is found in the espinal (dry lowland thorn brush and grassland).

Argentine Espinal
The Espinal (NT0801) is an ecoregion of dry, thorny forest, savanna and steppe in Argentina. It has been extensively modified by large scale cattle ranching, but remnants of the original flora remain. It is threatened by the advance of the  irrigation-based agricultural frontier.
Bloch equations
In physics and chemistry, specifically in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and electron spin resonance (ESR), the Bloch equations are a set of macroscopic equations that are used to calculate the nuclear magnetization M = (Mx, My, Mz) as a function of time when relaxation times T1 and T2 are present. These are phenomenological equations that were introduced by Felix Bloch in 1946. Sometimes they are called the equations of motion of nuclear magnetization. They are analogous to the Maxwell–Bloch equations.

Equations of motion
In physics, equations of motion are equations that describe the behavior of a physical system in terms of its motion as a function of time. More specifically, the equations of motion describe the behavior of a physical system as a set of mathematical functions in terms of dynamic variables. These variables are usually spatial coordinates and time, but may include momentum components. The most general choice are generalized coordinates which can be any convenient variables characteristic of the physical system. The functions are defined in a Euclidean space in classical mechanics, but are replaced by curved spaces in relativity. If the dynamics of a system is known, the equations are the solutions for the differential equations describing the motion of the dynamics.
Costel Coșniță
Costel Coşniţă (born 16 April 1943) is a Romanian sprint canoeist who competed in the early to mid-1970s. He won five medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with a gold (K-4 10000 m: 1971), a silver (K-4 10000 m: 1975), and three bronzes (K-2 1000 m: 1971, K-2 10000 m: 1970, K-4 10000 m: 1973.

Coşniţă also finished fifth in the K-2 1000 m event at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich.

1970 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships
The 1970 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships were held in Copenhagen, Denmark for the second time after hosting the event in 1950. This event was held under the auspices of the International Canoe Federation. Beginning at these championships, the event would be held on an annual basis in non-Summer Olympic years, a tradition that continues as of 2026.

The men's competition consisted of four Canadian (single paddle, open boat) and nine kayak events. Three events were held for the women, all in kayak.

This was the eighth championships in canoe sprint.
Fieraru
Fieraru and Fierarul are Romanian-language surname of occupational derivation, meaning "blacksmith" ('-ul' corresponds to a definite article). Notable people with the surname include:

Alfred Fieraru,  Romanian football player and figure skater

Gheorghe Fieraru, Romanian Olympic volleyball player (1964 men's team)

Article (grammar)
In grammar, an article is any of a small set of words or affixes (such as a, an, and the in English) used with nouns to limit or give definiteness to the application. The category of articles constitutes a part of speech.

Articles combine with nouns to form noun phrases, and typically specify the grammatical definiteness of the noun phrase. In English, the and a (rendered as an when followed by a vowel sound) are the definite and indefinite articles respectively. Articles in many other languages also carry additional grammatical information such as gender, number, and case. Articles are part of a broader category called determiners, which also include demonstratives, possessive determiners, and quantifiers. In linguistic interlinear glossing, articles are abbreviated as ART.
Tha Lo railway station
Tha Lo railway station is a railway station located in Tha Lo Subdistrict, Phichit City, Phichit. It is located 354.266 km from Bangkok railway station and is a class 3 railway station. It is on the Northern Line of the State Railway of Thailand. The station opened on 24 January 1908 as part of the Northern Line extension from Pak Nam Pho to Phitsanulok.

Phitsanulok railway station
Phitsanulok railway station is a railway station in Phitsanulok and it is the main station for the province. It is owned by the State Railway of Thailand and is on the Northern Line. Phitsanulok railway station is 389.291 kilometres (241.9 mi) from Bangkok railway station. This is the last station that uses lighted signal posts and marks the start of the section with the use of semaphore signals.