hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lynching of Irving and Herman Arthur
African Americans Irving "Ervie" Arthur (1903–1920) and his brother Herman Arthur (1892–1920), a World War I veteran, were lynched—burned alive—at the Lamar County Fairgrounds in Paris, Texas, on July 6, 1920. The event extended and amplified regional and national flashpoints for justice.  It happened just a year after the racial violence of 1919's Red Summer. The family was attacked by some of the town's white population and were forced to flee to the north, mostly settling in Chicago. This and other attacks on Black Americans encouraged civil rights groups to fight against lynchings in the United States. Media outlets reported on the 100-year-old anniversary but the memorial events were scaled down due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Due Process Clause
A Due Process Clause is found in both the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments to the United States Constitution, which prohibit the deprivation of "life, liberty, or property" by the federal and state governments, respectively, without due process of law.

The U.S. Supreme Court interprets these clauses to guarantee a variety of protections: procedural due process (in civil and criminal proceedings); substantive due process (a guarantee of some fundamental rights); a prohibition against vague laws; incorporation of the Bill of Rights to state governments; and equal protection under the laws of the federal government.
António Carreira
António Carreira (Lisbon, ca. 1520-30 - Lisbon, ca. 1597) was a Portuguese composer and organist of the Renaissance.

He held the post of organist at the Royal Chapel in Lisbon. His compositions (Fantasias, Tientos, Chansons) reveal his high contrapuntal craftsmanship. Most of his surviving works can be found in manuscripts at the University of Coimbra.
A particularly interesting work is the Canción "Con qué la lavaré", where the organ part to accompany this popular song is written in the "Tento" form. This constitutes one of the earliest European examples of written instrumental accompaniment to a song.

Organist
An organist is a musician who plays any type of organ. An organist may play solo organ works, play with an ensemble or orchestra, or accompany one or more singers or instrumental soloists. In addition, an organist may accompany congregational hymn-singing and play liturgical music.
Louise Edwards (astronomer)
Louise Olivia Violet Edwards (born 21 November 1978) is a Canadian astronomer and associate professor of physics at California Polytechnic State University (Cal Poly), and is one of the first Black Canadians to receive a PhD in astronomy. In 2002, she was pictured on a Canadian stamp.

Postage stamps and postal history of Canada
The postal and philatelic history of Canada concerns postage of the territories which have formed Canada. Before Canadian Confederation, the colonies of British Columbia and Vancouver Island, Prince Edward Island, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick and Newfoundland issued stamps in their own names. The postal history falls into four major periods: French control (1604–1763), British control (1763–1841), colonial government control (1841–1867), and Canada, since 1867.
Alexander Belskiy
Alexander Andreevich Belskiy (Russian: Алекса́ндр Андрéевич Бéльский, Russian pronunciation: [ɐlʲɪˈksandr ɐnˈdrʲejɪvʲɪtɕ ˈbelʲskʲɪj]) was a Soviet specialist in literary criticism, Anglicist (he did researches in realism development in the English literature). Alexander Belskiy founded Perm school of research in non-Russian Philology. Also, he founded the Faculty of Philology at Perm State University and he was its first Dean in 1960–1964 and 1971–1977. Moreover, he founded the Department of Foreign literature at Perm State University, and he was its Head in 1965–1977. His famous student is Boris Proskurnin, the Dean of Faculty of Foreign languages and Literature at Perm State University.

Perm, Russia
Perm (Russian: Пермь, IPA: [pʲermʲ] ⓘ, IPA: [pʲerʲmʲ]; Komi-Permyak: Перем; Komi: Перым), originally known as Yagoshikha (Ягошиха; 1723–1781) and briefly as Molotov (Молотов; 1940–1957), is the administrative centre of Perm Krai in the European part of Russia. It sits on the banks of the Kama River near the Ural Mountains, covering an area of 799.68 square kilometres (308.76 square miles). With over one million residents Perm is the 15th-largest city in Russia and the 5th-largest in the Volga Federal District.
Lewsey Park
Lewsey Park is a suburb of Luton, Bedfordshire, England. Situated in the north-west of the town, the area is roughly bounded by Woodside Link to the North, Leagrave High Street to the south, Pastures Way to the west, and the M1 to the east.

M1 motorway
The M1 motorway connects London to Leeds, where it joins the A1(M) near Aberford, to connect to Newcastle. It was the first inter-urban motorway to be completed in the UK; the first motorway in the country was the Preston Bypass, which later became part of the M6.

The motorway is 193 miles (311 km) long and was constructed in four phases. Most of the motorway was opened between 1959 and 1968. The southern end was extended in 1977 and the northern end was extended in 1999.

It is also the second longest motorway in the country with the M6 motorway being the longest at 232 miles (373 km).
Stephanocyclos
Stephanocyclos is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Lecideaceae. It is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Stephanocyclos henssenianus. This crustose lichen was formally described as a new species in 1983 by German lichenologist Hannes Hertel as part of a set of exsiccata (dried herbarium specimens). The type specimen was collected from volcanic rock found on Marion Island, one of the two Prince Edward Islands in the southern Indian Ocean. The specific epithet henssenianus honours lichenologist Aino Henssen.

Prince Edward Islands
The Prince Edward Islands are two small uninhabited subantarctic volcanic islands in the southern Indian Ocean that are administered by South Africa. They are named Marion Island (named after Marc-Joseph Marion du Fresne, 1724–1772) and Prince Edward Island (named after Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn, 1767–1820).

The islands in the group have been declared Special Nature Reserves under the South African Environmental Management: Protected Areas Act, No. 57 of 2003, and activities on the islands are therefore restricted to research and conservation management. Further protection was granted when the area was declared a marine protected area in 2013. The only human inhabitants of the islands are the staff of a meteorological and biological research station run by the South African National Antarctic Programme on Marion Island.
Heaven Without People
Heaven Without People; Arabic: غداء العيد, romanized: Ghada El Eid, lit. 'Festive Lunch') is the debut feature-length film written and directed by Lucien Bourjeily. It premiered in the main Muhr Awards competition section of the 14th Dubai International Film Festival and won the Special Jury Prize award. It went on to win the Global Vision Award at the 2018 Cinequest Film Festival and both the "Special Jury Prize" and "Ensemble Cast" award at the Festival des cinémas arabes à Paris. Furthermore, it competed in many international film festivals and was nominated for the Jordan Ressler award at the 2018 Miami International Film Festival, the Critics' Choice Award at the 2018 Hamburg Film Festival and the Best World Fiction film award at the 2018 LA Film Festival.

Cinequest Film & Creativity Festival
The Cinequest Film & Creativity Festival is a prestigious annual independent film festival held each March in San Jose, California and Redwood City, California. The international festival combines the cinematic arts with Silicon Valley’s innovation. It is produced by Cinequest, a not-for-profit 501(c)(3) organization that is also responsible for Picture The Possibilities and the distribution label Cinequest Mavericks Studio LLC. Cinequest awards the annual Maverick Spirit Awards. In addition to over 130 world or U.S. premieres from over 30 countries, the festival hosts writer's events including screenwriting competitions, a shorts program,  technology and artistic forums and workshops, student programs, and a silent film accompanied on the theatre organ. Founded in 1990 as the Cinequest Film Festival, the festival was rebranded in 2017 as the Cinequest Film & VR Festival and expanded beyond downtown San Jose to Redwood City. It took its present name in 2019.
WebYeshiva
WebYeshiva.org is an online  yeshiva and midrasha whose classes are presented live, and interactively, replicating the structure of a traditional shiur. Its offering extends through Semicha (rabbinic ordination). It was founded in November 2007 by Chaim Brovender and is directed by Jeffrey Saks. WebYeshiva is a project of the Academy for Torah Initiatives and Directions (ATID). It is headquartered on HaNassi St., in Jerusalem, near the President's House.

Kollel
A kollel (also kolel) (Hebrew: כולל \ כּוֹלֵל, kólel, pl. כוללים \ כּוֹלְלִים‎, kolelím, a "gathering" or "collection" [of scholars]) is an institute for full-time, advanced study of the Talmud and rabbinic literature. Like a yeshiva, a kollel features shiurim (lectures) and learning sedarim (sessions); unlike most yeshivot, the student body of a kollel typically consists mostly of married men. A kollel generally pays a regular monthly stipend to its members.
Spondylometaphyseal dysplasia with cone-rod dystrophy
Spondylometaphyseal dysplasia with cone-rod dystrophy is a rare genetic disorder characterized by spondylometaphyseal dysplasia (which consists of platyspondyly, tubular bone shortening, and progressive cupping of the metaphyses), neonatal growth delays, and cone-rod dystrophy-associated progressive vision loss. Only 18 patients from families in the United States, the United Kingdom, Japan, and Brazil have been described to date. This condition is caused by autosomal recessive mutations in the PCYT1A gene, located in chromosome 3.

Other symptoms include rib anomalies, astigmatism, abnormalities in color vision, severe hyperopia/myopia, hyperlordosis, nyctalopia, nystagmus, scoliosis, and photophobia.

Congenital vertebral anomaly
Congenital vertebral anomalies are a collection of malformations of the spine. Most, around 85%, are not clinically significant, but they can cause compression of the spinal cord by deforming the vertebral canal or causing instability. This condition occurs in the womb. Congenital vertebral anomalies include alterations of the shape and number of vertebrae.
2023 Libéma Open – Men's singles
Tallon Griekspoor defeated Jordan Thompson in the final, 6–7(4–7), 7–6(7–3), 6–3 to win the men's singles tennis title at the 2023 Libéma Open. It was his second ATP Tour title.

Tim van Rijthoven was the reigning champion, but did not compete due to an elbow injury.

This tournament marked the return of 2016 Wimbledon finalist and former world No. 3 Milos Raonic, after being away from the tour since 2021. He lost in the second round to Thompson.

Tallon Griekspoor
Tallon Griekspoor (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈtɛlɔŋ ˈxrikspoːr]; born 2 July 1996) is a Dutch professional tennis player. He has a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 21 achieved on 6 November 2023 and a best doubles ranking of No. 61, reached on 10 June 2024. He is the current No. 1 singles player from The Netherlands.

Griekspoor has won five ATP Tour titles combined, three in singles and two in doubles. He represents The Netherlands at the Davis Cup.

Griekspoor is notable for a record eight Challenger titles won in one season (2021), and the first player to earn five consecutive such titles.
Johnny Cupcakes
Johnny Cupcakes, Inc. (commonly known as Johnny Cupcakes) is a clothing brand founded in 2001 by Johnny Earle. The clothing line uses cupcakes as the prominent design motif of its merchandise, often replacing iconic symbols with cupcakes. The brand's insignia is a play on skull and crossbones, with a cupcake silhouette replacing the skull.

The Johnny Cupcakes line includes T-shirts, shorts, sweaters, jewelry, undergarments, and pins. Its flagship store was located in Boston along with his online store, which ships worldwide.

Newbury Street
Newbury Street is located in the Back Bay area of Boston, Massachusetts, in the United States. It runs roughly east–west, from the Boston Public Garden to Brookline Avenue. The road crosses several major arteries along its path, with an entrance to the Massachusetts Turnpike westbound at Massachusetts Avenue. Newbury Street is known for its retail shops and restaurants.
Parmouti 24
Parmouti 23 – Coptic calendar – Parmouti 25

The twenty-fourth day of the Coptic month of Parmouti, the eighth month of the Coptic year. In common years, this day corresponds to April 19, of the Julian calendar, and May 2, of the Gregorian calendar. This day falls in the Coptic season of Peret, the season of the Emergence.

Parmouti
Parmouti (Coptic: Ⲡⲁⲣⲙⲟⲩⲧⲉ, Parmoute), also known as Pharmouthi (Ancient Greek: Φαρμουθί, Pharmouthí) and Barmudah (برموده), is the eighth month of the ancient Egyptian and Coptic calendars. It lasts between April 9 and May 8 of the Gregorian calendar.

It was also the fourth month of the Season of the Emergence, when the Nile floods receded and the crops started to grow throughout the land.
Kalyana Sougandhikam (1975 film)
Kalyaana Sougandhikam is a 1975 Indian Malayalam-language film, directed by P. Vijayan. The film stars Jayabharathi, Adoor Bhasi, Thikkurissy Sukumaran Nair and Sreelatha Namboothiri. The film has musical score by Pukazhenthi.

Sreelatha Namboothiri
Sreelatha Namboothiri (born Anjilivelil Vasantha) is an Indian actress and playback singer who works in Malayalam cinema and television. She has acted in more than 300 films. Khadeeja in 1967 was her debut movie. She began her acting career in 1953 through the movie Ashadeepam as a child artist and completed 70 years On Malayalam film industry in 2023.
Montmorency, Victoria
Montmorency (/ˌmɒnməˈrɛnsi/ MON-mə-REN-see) is a suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 18 km (11 mi) north-east from Melbourne's Central Business District, located within the City of Banyule local government area. Montmorency recorded a population of 9,250 at the 2021 census.

Montmorency was named after a local farm, Montmorency Estate, which in turn was named after the town of Montmorency, Val-d'Oise, where the French Enlightenment philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau lived briefly. Locals of Montmorency often refer to the suburb as "Monty", and the nickname is incorporated into some local business names.

Montmorency, Val-d'Oise
Montmorency (French pronunciation: [mɔ̃mɔʁɑ̃si] ⓘ) is a commune in the Val-d'Oise department, in the northern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located 15.3 km (9.5 mi) from the center of Paris.

Montmorency was the fief of the Montmorency family, one of the oldest and most distinguished families of the French nobility. It is now a wealthy suburb of Paris.
Natalie Payida Jabangwe
Wikipedia:Categories for discussion/Log/2025 December 9

Natalie Payida Jabangwe (née Natalie Payida) is a Zimbabwean computer engineer and businesswoman, who serves as the Group Digital Executive Officer at Sanlam, based in Cape Town, South Africa. In this role, she oversees 
digital functions in over 34 African markets, India and Malaysia.

She was the chief executive officer of EcoCash, the mobile money service of Econet Wireless, a leading wireless telephony company in Zimbabwe. She ran the second-largest mobile financial service company on the African continent, serving in excess of six million individuals, as of 2018.

Women in business
The phrase women in business refers to female businesspeople who hold positions, particularly leadership in the fields of commerce, business, and entrepreneurship. It advocates for their increased participation in business.

Increased participation of women in business can be important for variation in business development, ideas, and business products. Participation also encourages the development of social networks and supports that have positive repercussions for women and for their social environment.

The status of women in business varies significantly around the world. Sometimes a lack of adequate business capital, female education, and training programs in the use of technology  can mean women are more constrained by their social and political environment than men.
Thomas Wilkie
Thomas Wilkie (1645-1711) was a Scottish minister who was elected Moderator of the Church of Scotland twice: once in 1701: 627  and once in 1704.: 659  He was the minister at the Kirk of the Canongate.

Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland
The moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland is the minister or elder chosen to moderate (chair) the annual General Assembly of the Church of Scotland, which is held for a week in Edinburgh every year. After chairing the Assembly, the Moderator then spends the following year representing the Church of Scotland at civic events, and visiting congregations and projects in Scotland and beyond.

As the Church of Scotland is Scotland's national church, and as a presbyterian church has no bishops, the Moderator is – arguably alongside the Lord High Commissioner to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland – the most prominent figure in the life of Church of Scotland adherents.
Orford, Quebec
Orford is a township municipality of about 5,000 people in Memphrémagog Regional County Municipality in the Estrie region of Quebec, Canada.

Orford's main attraction is its ski resort on Mount Orford, attracting thousands of people every winter.

Orford is well known for the Mont-Orford National Park. The park has thousands of acres of forest and two major lakes, Stukley and Fraser. Cherry river runs through the park and ends up in Lake Memphremagog. The township has many lakes and is a tourist destination in Quebec.

Classification of municipalities in Quebec
The following is a list of the types of local and supralocal territorial units in Quebec, Canada, including those used solely for statistical purposes, as defined by the Ministry of Municipal Affairs, Regions and Land Occupancy and compiled by the Institut de la statistique du Québec

Not included are the urban agglomerations in Quebec, which, although they group together multiple municipalities, exercise only what are ordinarily local municipal powers.

A list of local municipal units in Quebec by regional county municipality can be found at List of municipalities in Quebec.
Evert Huttunen
Evert Johan Valdemar Huttunen (8 May 1884, Toksovo, Saint Petersburg Governorate - 29 March 1924) was a Finnish journalist and politician. He was a member of the Parliament of Finland from 1916 until his death in 1924, representing the Social Democratic Party of Finland (SDP). He did not take part in the Finnish Civil War, maintaining a neutral attitude.

Toksovo
Toksovo (Russian: То́ксово; Finnish: Toksova) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Vsevolozhsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located 20 kilometers (12 mi) to the north of St. Petersburg on the Karelian Isthmus. It is served by two neighboring stations of the Saint Petersburg-Khiytola railroad: Toksovo (constructed in 1917) and Kavgolovo (1929) (which serves a popular ski resort). Population:  6,127 (2010 Census); 5,893 (2002 Census); 5,699 (1989 Soviet census).
Three-carbon molecule
Three-carbon molecules are based on a skeleton made from three carbon atoms. They may be in a chain, or cycles. C3 hydrocarbons are usually gases, they are inflammable, and may be harmful to humans and the environment. The CAS registry number for three-carbon hydrocarbons is 68606-26-8.
Hydrocarbons that include three atoms are:

Propane C3H8

Propene C3H6

Cyclopropane C3H6

propyne C3H4

Cyclopropene C3H4

Propadiene C3H4

Cyclopropenylidene C3H2

Cyclopropyne C3H2

Tricarbon C3

Cyclopropane
Cyclopropane is the cycloalkane with the molecular formula (CH2)3, consisting of three methylene groups (CH2) linked to each other to form a triangular ring. The small size of the ring creates substantial ring strain in the structure. Cyclopropane itself is mainly of theoretical interest, but many cyclopropane derivatives are of commercial or biological significance.

Cyclopropane was used as a clinical inhalational anesthetic from the 1930s through the 1980s. The substance's high flammability poses a risk of fire and explosions in operating rooms due to its tendency to accumulate in confined spaces, as its density is higher than that of air.
Embassy of Norway, Dublin
The Embassy of Norway in Dublin, officially the Royal Norwegian Embassy, was established in 1983.

The mission of the Embassy is to promote Norwegian interests in Ireland and to improve further the Norwegian-Irish relations. The Embassy works in close co-operation with Irish and Norwegian public and private institutions, as well as with organisations and individuals.

As of 8 October 2020, the current ambassador to Ireland is Mari Skåre who had previously served as Chef de Cabinet to the UN President of the 74th Session of the United Nations General Assembly

The Embassy does not handle visa applications.

Chef de Cabinet
In some Francophone countries and international organisations, a chef de cabinet (French; literally 'head of office') is a senior official working for a high-ranking political or administrative figure such as a government minister. They are typically responsible for running the office (cabinet) and may serve a similar function to a private secretary (United Kingdom) or chief of staff (United States).

The title is used by the head of an office in the United Nations Secretariat, appointed by the Secretary-General, or in the European Commission, appointed by an individual European Commissioner for their personal cabinet. The current chef de cabinet to the United Nations Secretary-General is Courtenay Rattray of Jamaica.
Le Privilège
"Le Privilège" is a 1990 song about homosexuality by French singer Michel Sardou. Written by Didier Barbelivien and Sardou, it was released in February 1991 as the second single from Sardou's 18th studio album Le Privilège, shortly after the World Health Organization removed homosexuality from its list of diseases. Though the song was not a big hit, peaking at number 19 in France, it gave Sardou a more tolerant public image.

Didier Barbelivien
Didier René Henri Barbelivien (French pronunciation: [didje ʁəne ɑ̃ʁi baʁbəlivjɛ̃]; born 10 March 1954 in Paris) is a French author, lyricist, songwriter and singer. Beginning in the 1970s, he wrote a number of successful songs for artists such as: Dalida, Johnny Hallyday, Michel Sardou, Daniel Guichard, Claude François, Gilbert Montagné, Sylvie Vartan, Patti Layne, Gilbert Bécaud, Enrico Macias, Demis Roussos, Mireille Mathieu, Hervé Vilard, Michèle Torr, C. Jérôme, Christophe, Julio Iglesias, Sheila, Nicole Croisille, Patricia Kaas, Éric Charden, Jean-Pierre François, Michel Delpech, Philippe Lavil, Elsa, Gérard Lenorman, Ringo, Garou, Corynne Charby, David and Jonathan, and Caroline Legrand among others.

In the 1980s and 1990s, he enjoyed popular success singing his own songs, many of which climbed quickly to the top of the French charts of the era. In the 1990s, he sang several titles with Félix Gray.

He was made Chevalier (Knight) of the Légion d'honneur in 2009.
WXBJ-LP
WXBJ-LP (94.1 FM) is a radio station licensed to serve the community of Salisbury, Massachusetts. The station is owned by Salisbury Community TV & Media Center, Inc. It airs an oldies format.

The station was assigned the WXBJ-LP call letters by the Federal Communications Commission on February 10, 2014.

2014 in radio
The following is a list of events affecting radio broadcasting in 2014. Events listed include radio program debuts, finales, cancellations, and station launches, closures and format changes, as well as information about controversies.