hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Spruchdichtung
Spruchdichtung or Sangspruchdichtung is the German term for a genre of Middle High German sung verse. An individual work in this genre is called a Spruch (plural Sprüche), literally a "saying", and may consist of one or more strophes.

While closely associated with the lyric genre Minnesang, its theme is not love, but rather

the Spruch treated predominantly of rational, didactic and pragmatic issues, including, for example, socio-political commentary, topics related to moral or religious teaching and philosophy, practical wisdom, biographical material, praise of patrons, begging and much else besides.

Where the texts offer general moral comment, they may also be considered gnomic poetry, while works directed at particular personages or issues are rather political poetry.

The most important medieval collection of Sprüche is the Jenaer Liederhandschrift (MS J), which also has a large number of Spruch melodies.

Strophe
A strophe (/ˈstroʊfiː/) is a poetic term originally referring to the first part of the ode in Ancient Greek tragedy, followed by the antistrophe and epode. The term has been extended to also mean a structural division of a poem containing stanzas of varying line length. Strophic poetry is to be contrasted with poems composed line-by-line non-stanzaically, such as Greek epic poems or English blank verse, to which the term stichic applies.

In its original Greek setting, "strophe, antistrophe and epode were a kind of stanza framed only for the music", as John Milton wrote in the preface to Samson Agonistes, with the strophe chanted by a Greek chorus as it moved from right to left across the scene.
Vincent Desportes
Vincent Desportes (born 24 February 1953) is a retired French Army general and military theorist.

Desportes graduated from the École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr, specialising in armour warfare. He also holds an engineer's degree, a diplôme d'études approfondies in sociology, an MBA, and graduated from the U.S. Army War College.

He was Military attaché in the French embassy in the USA, aid to the General secretary for national defence, and director of the Centre de doctrine et d'emploi des forces.

Along with Jean-Francois Phelizon, Desportes is co-director of the "Stratégies & Doctrines" collection of Economica editions.

Desportes headed the Collège interarmées de défense in 2008-2010.

École Militaire
The École Militaire (French: [ekɔl militɛːʁ] ⓘ; lit. 'military school') is a complex of buildings in Paris, France, which house various military training facilities. It was founded in 1751 by King Louis XV and is located in the 7th arrondissement of Paris, southeast of the Champ de Mars.

The building, constructed by Ange-Jacques Gabriel, has continuously housed various military schools and institutions and is now home to two staff colleges for senior French Armed Forces officers and a military research institute. It has been classified as a national monument since 1990. This site can be visited during the European Heritage Days.
Edward Slingerland
Edward Slingerland (born May 25, 1968) is a Canadian-American sinologist and philosopher. He is Distinguished University Scholar and Professor of Philosophy at the University of British Columbia, where he also holds appointments in the Departments of Psychology and Asian Studies. His research interests include early Chinese thought, comparative religion and cognitive science of religion, big data approaches to cultural analysis, cognitive linguistics, digital humanities, and humanities-science integration.

Sinology
Sinology, also referred to as China studies, is a subfield of area studies or East Asian studies involved in social sciences and humanities research on China. It is an academic discipline that focuses on the study of the Chinese civilization primarily through Chinese language, history, culture, literature, philosophy, art, music, cinema, and science. Its origin "may be traced to the examination which Chinese scholars made of their own civilization."

The academic field of sinology often refers to Western scholarship. Until the 20th century, it was historically seen as equivalent to philology concerning the Chinese classics and other literature written in the Chinese language. Since then, the scope of sinology has expanded to include Chinese history and palaeography, among other subjects.
Irene Bernasconi
Irene Bernasconi (29 September 1896 – 7 July 1989) was an Argentine marine biologist specializing in echinoderm research and best known for her work in the Antarctic. She was the first echinoderm specialist in Argentina and spent 55 years conducting research into echinoderms found in the Argentine Sea. Her main focus was sea stars; however, she also conducted research into brittle stars and sea urchins.

Brittle star
Brittle stars, serpent stars, or ophiuroids (from Latin  ophiurus 'brittle star'; from Ancient Greek  ὄφις (óphis) 'serpent' and  οὐρά (ourá) 'tail'; referring to the serpent-like arms of the brittle star) are echinoderms in the class Ophiuroidea, closely related to starfish. They crawl across the sea floor using their flexible arms for locomotion. The ophiuroids generally have five long, slender, whip-like arms which may reach up to 60 cm (24 in) in length on the largest specimens.

The Ophiuroidea contain two large clades, Ophiurida (brittle stars) and Euryalida (basket stars). Over 2,000 species of brittle stars live today. More than 1,200 of these species are found in deep waters, greater than 200 m (656 ft) deep.
McGuinness Flint
McGuinness Flint was a rock band formed in 1970 by Tom McGuinness, a bassist and guitarist with Manfred Mann, and Hughie Flint, former drummer with John Mayall; plus vocalist and keyboard player Dennis Coulson, and multi-instrumentalists and singer-songwriters Benny Gallagher and Graham Lyle.

The Blues Band
The Blues Band were a British blues band formed in 1979 by Paul Jones, former lead vocalist and harmonica player with Manfred Mann, and guitarist Tom McGuinness also of Manfred Mann and The Roosters. The band's first line-up also included bassist Gary Fletcher, slide-guitarist Dave Kelly who had previously played with The John Dummer Band, Howling Wolf and John Lee Hooker and drummer Hughie Flint, of John Mayall's Blues Breakers and McGuinness Flint, the band he formed with Tom McGuinness.  In 1982, Flint left and was replaced by former Family drummer Rob Townsend. The group broke up in 2022.
Camouflage (Chris Sievey song)
"Camouflage" is a single released by the English musician and comedian Chris Sievey in 1983. The single is notable for its B-side, which rather than containing another song, contains the audio tones for three programs Sievey created for the Sinclair ZX81 computer. Two programs were for a video game Sievey created called Flying Train, and the other was the code for the music video to "Camouflage". The video claimed that this was "the world's first computer promo".

Sinclair Research
Sinclair Research Ltd is a British consumer electronics company founded by Clive Sinclair in Cambridge in the 1970s. In 1980, the company entered the home computer market with the ZX80 at £99.95, at that time the cheapest personal computer for sale in the United Kingdom. A year later, the ZX81 became available through retailers, introducing home computing to a generation, with more than 1.5 million sold. In 1982 the ZX Spectrum was released, becoming the UK's best selling computer, and competing aggressively against Commodore and Amstrad.

A combination of the failures of the Sinclair QL computer and the TV80 pocket television led to financial difficulties in 1985, and a year later Sinclair sold the rights to its computer products and brand name to Amstrad. Sinclair Research Ltd continued to exist as a one-man company, marketing Clive Sinclair's inventions.
Unsolved Cases
Unsolved Cases (ケイゾク, Keizoku) is a Japanese mystery thriller created first as a TV drama and later as a film. It is about Detective Jun Shibata, who handles unsolved cases with her hardened partner Tōru Mayama.

The television series was broadcast in 11 episodes between 8 January and 19 March 1999 on TBS Television and JNN affiliate stations. A two-hour "special drama" was then broadcast on 24 December 1999. The series has been called "epoch-making" in the police procedural genre on Japanese television.

Japan News Network
The Japan News Network (JNN; Japanese: ジャパン・ニュース・ネットワーク, romanized: Japan Nyūsu Nettowāku) is a Japanese commercial television network run by TBS Television, owned by TBS Holdings (which is a part of the Mitsui Group keiretsu and highly cooperating with the Mainichi Shimbun despite the lack of the latter's shareholding in TBS Holdings). The network's responsibility includes the syndication of national television news bulletins to its regional affiliates, and news exchange between the stations. Its affiliate stations also broadcast non-news programs originating from TBS Television. Founded on 1 August 1959,: 150–151  JNN is made up of 28 full-time affiliates.

It also operates the 24-hour satellite and cable news channel TBS News and the FAST Channel TBS NEWS DIG.
Finn Fisher-Black
Finn Fisher-Black (born 21 December 2001) is a New Zealand professional racing cyclist, who currently rides for UCI WorldTeam Red Bull–Bora–Hansgrohe. He is the younger brother of fellow racing cyclist Niamh Fisher-Black.

Red Bull–Bora–Hansgrohe
Red Bull–BORA–hansgrohe (UCI Code: RBH) is a UCI WorldTeam cycling team established in 2010 with a German license, founded and managed by Ralph Denk. It is sponsored by global energy drinks brand Red Bull, BORA, a German manufacturer of extractor hoods and cooktops, and Hansgrohe, a bathroom fittings manufacturer. Its aim is "improving the image of road cycling in Germany".
Dir (princely state)
Dir was a princely state in a subsidiary alliance with the British Raj, located within the North-West Frontier Province. Following the Partition of British India, Dir remained independent and unaligned until February 1948, when the Dominion of Pakistan accepted its accession.

The princely state ceased to exist as a distinct political entity in 1969, when it was fully incorporated into Pakistan. The territory it once covered is today located in the Pakistani province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, forming two northern and southern districts called Upper Dir and Lower Dir, respectively.

Chitral
Chitral (Khowar: ݯھیترار, romanized: ćhitrār, lit. 'field') is a city situated on the Chitral River in the northern area of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It serves as the capital of the Lower Chitral District, and was previously the capital of Chitral District, and before that the capital of Chitral princely state. The region was encompassed into West Pakistan between 1969 and 1972.
Jennifer Sterling-Folker
Jennifer Sterling-Folker (born December 21, 1960) is a Professor of Political Science at the University of Connecticut. She was the Alan R. Bennett Honors Professor of Political Science. She is a specialist in International Relations theory.

Annette Freyberg-Inan
Annette Freyberg-Inan is a German-born political scientist and a faculty member at the University of Amsterdam’s Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences. She has written extensively on issues related to international relations theory, politics in Europe, including Turkey, and the internationalization of higher education.
Łukasz Kadziewicz
Łukasz Kadziewicz (born 20 September 1980) is a Polish former professional volleyball player, a member of the Poland national team in 2001–2009. A participant of the Olympic Games (Athens 2004, Beijing 2008), and a silver medalist at the 2006 World Championship. He worked as a volleyball commentator for Polsat Sport.

PlusLiga
The PlusLiga is the highest level of men's volleyball in Poland, a professional league competition featuring volleyball clubs located in this country. It is overseen by Polska Liga Siatkówki SA (PLS SA). It is currently a 14 teams league from October to April/May. The regular season is followed by playoffs, with the winner earning the Polish Championship (Polish: Mistrzostwo Polski). It is one of the best volleyball leagues in Europe, being highly ranked in the international competitions.

The league in its current form was founded in 2000 and was originally known as Polska Liga Siatkówki (Polish Volleyball League). Since 2008 it is named PlusLiga after a mobile phone network brand, Plus.
Frederick Louis, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck
Frederick Louis, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck (German: Friedrich Ludwig Herzog von Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck; 6 April 1653 – 7 March 1728) was a Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck and field marshal of the Prussian Army.

Field marshal
Field marshal (or field-marshal, abbreviated as FM) is the most senior military rank, senior to the general officer ranks.

Promotion to the rank of field marshal in many countries historically required extraordinary military achievement by a general (a wartime victory). However, the rank has also been used as a divisional command rank and as a brigade command rank.
Dingxing County
Dingxing County (simplified Chinese: 定兴县; traditional Chinese: 定興縣; pinyin: Dìngxīng Xiàn) is a county under the jurisdiction of the prefecture-level city of Baoding in central Hebei province, People's Republic of China. It has an area of 714 km2 (276 sq mi) and 512,765 inhabitants (2020). It is served by China National Highway 107 and G4 Beijing–Hong Kong and Macau Expressway.

County (China)
Counties (县) are found in the third level of the administrative hierarchy in provinces and autonomous regions and the second level in municipalities and Hainan, a level that is known as "county level" and also contains autonomous counties, county-level cities, banners, autonomous banners and city districts. There are 1,355 counties in mainland China out of a total of 2,851 county-level divisions.

The term xian is sometimes translated as "district" or "prefecture" when put in the context of Chinese history.
Welland Park Academy
Welland Park Academy is a co-educational secondary school located in Market Harborough in the English county of Leicestershire for 11-16-year-olds.

It is located on Welland Park Road and like the road, is named after the River Welland by which it was built and the leafy park adjacent.

The catchment area for the academy covers Market Harborough and surrounding villages, including Kibworth, Foxton, The Langtons, Gumley, Laughton, and Lubenham, with many families from Northamptonshire villages also applying for a place.  New students attend a thriving summer school.

Kibworth
52°32′N 1°00′W﻿ / ﻿52.54°N 1°W﻿ / 52.54; -1

Kibworth /ˈkɪbwərθ/ is an area of the Harborough district of Leicestershire, England, that contains two civil parishes: the villages of Kibworth Beauchamp /ˈbiːtʃəm/ and Kibworth Harcourt /ˈhɑːrkɔːrt/. At the 2011 census, Kibworth Beauchamp had a population of 5,433 and Kibworth Harcourt 990. The villages are roughly divided by the Midland Main Line. Kibworth is close to Foxton Locks, Market Harborough, and Leicester.
Flash Is Back
Flash Is Back is the sixth studio album released in 1998 by Grandmaster Flash. The music was co-written with Arthur Baker with Flash writing all the lyrics. It was his first studio release since On the Strength in 1988 and his first solo album since Ba-Dop-Boom-Bang in 1987. He would not release another studio album until The Bridge (Concept of a Culture) in 2009.

It was released on Marlboro Music in Germany only and was distributed by BMG. A double vinyl LP and a CD version were issued. No singles were released from the album.

Arthur Baker (producer)
Arthur Baker (born April 22, 1955) is an American record producer and DJ best known for his work with hip-hop artists like Afrika Bambaataa and Planet Patrol, as well as British band New Order. He is also known for remixing the Jill Jones song "Mia Bocca" on the 12" single, taken from her self-titled debut album Jill Jones (1987), released on Prince's Paisley Park Records, as well as remixing the Pet Shop Boys song, "In the Night". His remix of the song was used as the main theme for the BBC TV programme The Clothes Show between 1986 and 1994. He also remixed the "Massive Jungle Mix" for Tina Turner's UK top 40 single "Whatever You Want" (co-written by himself, Taylor Dayne and Fred Zarr). Arthur Baker's songs are represented by Downtown Music Publishing.
Kenny Mellman
Kenneth Mellman is an American musician and cabaret artist. He is a member of The Julie Ruin.

Mellman is co-creator of Kiki and Herb with Justin Bond and plays the role of Herb. He created his solo show Kenny Mellman Is Grace Jones and co-wrote the show At Least It's Pink with Bridget Everett and Michael Patrick King.

Mellman performed with The Three Terrors (Stephin Merritt, LD Beghtol and Dudley Klute). He played piano for Bob Mould's vocal on "He Didn't", a track on The 6ths' album Hyacinths and Thistles.

The 6ths
The 6ths was a band created by Stephin Merritt, also the primary songwriter and instrumentalist behind the Magnetic Fields, the Gothic Archies, and Future Bible Heroes. In the group, Merritt wrote and played songs which were then sung, in most cases, by other artists—a different artist on each track. It produced two well-received studio albums and many different collaborations.
KF Himara
Klubi i Futbolit Himara was an Albanian football club based in the town of Himarë, formerly part of Vlorë District. The club's home ground was Petro Ruci Stadium and they last competed in the Albanian Second Division.

Vlorë District
Vlorë District (Albanian: Rrethi i Vlorës) was one of the 36 districts of Albania, which were dissolved in July 2000 and replaced by 12 newly created counties. It had a population of 147,267 in 2001, and an area of 1,609 km2 (621 sq mi). It is in the south-west of the country, and its capital was the city of Vlorë. Its territory is now part of Vlorë County: the municipalities of Vlorë, Selenicë and Himara (partly). Its population included a Greek minority.
The Messenger (song)
"The Messenger" is a song by Canadian songwriter Daniel Lanois. It is the first track of his album For the Beauty of Wynona. It was originally released as a US Promo CD single with the album length of 5:27 and a 4:32 edited version, along with three other singles, "Rain Weather", "Elle Est Bonne Et Belle", and "Another Silver Morning", taken from the Warner video Rocky World. The song was featured by the Huffington Post in their 100 Best Canadian Songs Ever, at number 96.

The song was covered by Canadian rock band The Tea Party. The track was released as a promotional single in Canada. and appears on the 1999 album Triptych. The music video was shot in Toronto, under the direction of George Vale.

Daniel Lanois
Daniel Roland Lanois CM (/lænˈwɑː/ lan-WAH, French: [lanwa]; born September 19, 1951) is a Canadian record producer and musician.

He has produced albums by artists including Bob Dylan, Neil Young, Peter Gabriel, Robbie Robertson, Emmylou Harris, Willie Nelson, and Harold Budd. He collaborated with Brian Eno to create the ambient genre and produce several albums for U2, including The Joshua Tree (1987) and Achtung Baby (1991). Three albums produced or co-produced by Lanois have won the Grammy Award for Album of the Year. Four other albums received Grammy nominations.

Lanois has released several solo albums. He wrote and performed the music for the 1996 film Sling Blade, and provided several vocal tracks for Red Dead Redemption 2.
Jeffrey S. Harper
Jeffrey S. Harper (born 1956) is an educator and author specializing in information systems and resource management. He is executive director of graduate programs in the Scott College of Business at Indiana State University in Terre Haute, Indiana. Harper also is CEO of 4140 Publications, which publishes Terre Haute Business Leader monthly.

Harper earned an associate degree in business administration from Calhoun Community College in 1987 and completed his bachelor's degree in accounting from Athens State College in 1989. In 1993, he earned his master's degree in management from The University of Alabama in Huntsville. Harper then studied under social scientist R. Kelly Rainer at Auburn University, earning his Ph.D. in management information systems in 1998.

Terre Haute, Indiana
Terre Haute (/ˈtɛrə ˈhoʊt/ TERR-ə HOHT) is a city in Vigo County, Indiana, United States, and its county seat. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 58,389 and its metropolitan area had a population of 168,716.

Located along the Wabash River about 5 miles (8 km) east of the state border with Illinois, Terre Haute is one of the largest cities in the Wabash Valley; it is known as the Queen City of the Wabash. The city is home to multiple higher-education institutions, including Indiana State University, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology, and Ivy Tech Community College of Indiana. It also contains the United States Penitentiary, Terre Haute, which houses the US federal death row.
USRC Miami
The USRC Miami  was purchased by the Revenue Cutter Service from Arthur Leary for $25,000 and was formerly the Lady Le Marchant, a 115-foot schooner-rigged steamer with a hull of teak planks over oak frames. After outfitting she was stationed briefly in Washington, D.C.

In April, 1862 she transported President Abraham Lincoln and others to Hampton Roads, Virginia, soon after the Battle of Hampton Roads between the ironclads CSS Virginia (ex-USS Merrimac) and the USS Monitor. After a transfer to New York City, she was tasked with escorting the captured Confederate steamer Chesapeake from Halifax, Nova Scotia, to New York City on 15 March 1864. The Miami underwent repairs at Newport, Rhode Island, after being transferred there in November, 1864.  Additional repairs were done during 1867 at Staten Island and then she saw service out of Wilmington, Delaware, until being sold to Mason, Hobbs & Co., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, for $2,149 on 19 April 1871.

CSS Virginia
CSS Virginia was the first steam-powered ironclad warship built by the Confederate States Navy during the first year of the American Civil War. She was constructed as a casemate ironclad using the razéed (cut down) original lower hull and engines of the scuttled steam frigate USS Merrimack. Virginia was one of the participants in the Battle of Hampton Roads, opposing the Union's USS Monitor in March 1862. The battle is chiefly significant in naval history as the first battle between ironclads.
East of the River
East of the River is a 1940 American drama film directed by Alfred E. Green and written by Fred Niblo, Jr. The film stars John Garfield, Brenda Marshall, Marjorie Rambeau, George Tobias, William Lundigan and Moroni Olsen. The film was released by Warner Bros. Pictures on November 9, 1940.

Fred Niblo Jr.
Fred Niblo Jr. (January 23, 1903 – February 18, 1973) was  an American screenwriter. He was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay for the film The Criminal Code (1931) together with Seton I. Miller. Niblo retired from films in 1950 to become a businessman.