hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Hare (British Army officer)
Major-General John Hare (1782–1846) was a British Army officer of Irish descent who fought during the Napoleonic Wars and was later made the Lieutenant Governor of Eastern Division of the Cape of Good Hope. He also served in Holland and in the  Xhosa Wars.

Xhosa Wars
The Xhosa Wars were a series of nine wars (from 1779 to 1879) between the Xhosa Kingdom and the British Empire as well as Trekboers from the Dutch colonial empire in what is now the Eastern Cape in South Africa.

Tensions existed between the various Europeans in the Cape region, tensions between Empire administration and colonial governments, and tensions within the Xhosa Kingdom, e.g. chiefs rivaling each other, which usually led to Europeans taking advantage of the situation to meddle in Xhosa politics. A perfect example of this is the case of chief Ngqika and his uncle, chief Ndlambe.

The conflicts between the Xhosa and British were covered extensively in the metropolitan British press, generating increased demand among the British public for information about their country's far-off colonial conflicts.
FIFA World Cup records and statistics
As of the 2022 FIFA World Cup, 80 national teams have competed at the finals of the men’s FIFA World Cup. Brazil is the only team to have appeared in all 22 tournaments to date, with Germany having participated in 20, Italy and Argentina in 18 and Mexico in 17. Eight nations have won the tournament. The inaugural winners in 1930 were Uruguay; the current champions are Argentina. The most successful nation is Brazil, which has won the cup on five occasions. Five teams have appeared in FIFA World Cup finals without winning, while twelve more have appeared in the semi-finals.

Cameroon national football team
The Cameroon national football team (French: Équipe du Cameroun de football), also known as the Indomitable Lions (French: les lions indomptables), represents Cameroon in men's international football. It is controlled by the Fédération Camerounaise de Football, a member of FIFA and its African confederation CAF.

The team has qualified for the FIFA World Cup eight times, more than any other African team, and four times in a row between 1990 and 2002. However, the team has only made it out of the group stage once. They were the first African team to reach the quarter-final of the World Cup in 1990, losing to England in extra time. They have also won five Africa Cup of Nations.

Cameroon is the first and, as of 2022, only African country to win against Brazil in tournament play, defeating them in the 2003 Confederations Cup and 2022 FIFA World Cup by identical 1–0 scores.
Birch Creek (Beaver County, Utah)
Birch Creek is a northwesterly-flowing 8.4 miles (13.5 km) stream in Beaver County, Utah. It originates on the western slope of Birch Creek Mountain in the Tushar Mountains in Fishlake National Forest, and its waters flow west into South Creek, then under Interstate 15 south of the town of Beaver, and thence to the Beaver River, and ultimately to the Sevier River and Lake.

Beaver County, Utah
Beaver County is a county in west central Utah, United States. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 7,072, up from the 2010 figure of 6,629. Its county seat and largest city is Beaver. The county was named for the abundance of beaver in the area.
Wilhelm Tranow
Wilhelm Tranow (born 1891) was a German cryptanalyst, who before and during World War II worked in the monitoring service of the German Navy and was responsible for breaking a number of encrypted radio communication systems, particularly the Naval Cypher, which was used by the British Admiralty for encrypting operational signals and the Naval Code for encrypting administrative signals. Tranow was considered one of the most important cryptanalysts of B-service. He was described as being experienced and energetic. Little was known about his personal life, when and where he was born, or where he died.

The American historian David Kahn underscored the war-historical significance of this cryptography and cryptanalysis success of Tranow, citing an anonymous source:

If one man in German intelligence ever held the keys to victory in World War II, it was Wilhelm Tranow.

David Kahn (writer)
David Kahn (February 7, 1930 – January 23, 2024) was an American historian, journalist, and writer. He wrote extensively on the history of cryptography and military intelligence.

Kahn's first published book, The Codebreakers – The Story of Secret Writing (1967), has been widely considered to be a definitive account of the history of cryptography.
Kanaranzi, Minnesota
Kanaranzi (/ˌkænəˈrɒnzi/ KAN-ə-RON-zee) is an unincorporated community in Kanaranzi Township, Rock County, Minnesota, United States. Kanaranzi is 8 miles (13 km) southeast of Luverne. Kanaranzi had a post office, which opened on December 30, 1886 and closed on July 4, 1992. In 2011, the Minnesota Department of Transportation estimated its population to be 70. Kanaranzi was platted in 1885, and named after nearby Kanaranzi Creek.

Kanaranzi Township, Rock County, Minnesota
Kanaranzi Township (/ˌkænəˈrɒnzi/ KAN-ə-RON-zee) is a township in Rock County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 286 at the 2000 census.

Kanaranzi Township was organized in 1873, and named after Kanaranzi Creek.
Lurkmore
Lurkmore or Lurkomorye (Russian: Луркоморье, a portmanteau of Lukomorye and the English online slang "lurk moar") was an informal Russian-language MediaWiki-powered online encyclopedia, based on the English-wiki website lurkmore.com, focusing on Internet subcultures, folklore, and memes. It was one of the most popular humor and internet meme-related websites of the Russian internet.

As of February 24, 2022 (the start of the Russian invasion of Ukraine), the website's content is no longer available, with only a black screen covering all its pages. Recently, the phrase "остановите войну", which translates to "stop the war" in Russian, written in blue and yellow (the colours of Ukraine's national flag), was added to the top of the black screen.

Most content from the old Lurkmore site has been reuploaded at the new site neolurk.org.

Online encyclopedia
An online encyclopedia, also called an Internet encyclopedia, is a digital encyclopedia accessible through the Internet. Some examples include pre-World Wide Web services that offered the Academic American Encyclopedia beginning in 1980, Encyclopedia.com since 1998, Encarta from 2000 to 2009, Wikipedia since 2001, Encyclopædia Britannica since 2016, and Grokipedia since 2025.
Woman Lake
Woman Lake is a 5,516 acres (22.32 km2) lake in Cass County, Minnesota, United States. The lake is part of a four-lake chain called the Woman Lake Chain; the other lakes in the chain are Child Lake, Girl Lake, and Little Woman Lake.

The lake has three public accesses. The town of Longville, Minnesota can be accessed by boat via Girl Lake. The lake is well known for its walleye, northern pike, perch, smallmouth bass, and muskie fishing.

The lake is stocked by the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources.

Woman Lake was named in commemoration of Ojibwe women who were killed there in a battle against the Sioux.

Minnesota Department of Natural Resources
The Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, or Minnesota DNR, is the agency of the U.S. state of Minnesota charged with conserving and managing the state's natural resources. The agency maintains areas such as state parks, state forests, recreational trails, and recreation areas as well as managing minerals, wildlife, and forestry throughout the state. The agency is divided into six divisions - Ecological & Water Resources, Enforcement, Fish & Wildlife, Forestry, Lands & Minerals, and Parks & Trails.
Meshir 6
Meshir 5 – Coptic calendar – Meshir 7

The sixth day of the Coptic month of Meshir, the sixth month of the Coptic year. On a common year, this day corresponds to January 31, of the Julian calendar, and February 13, of the Gregorian calendar. This day falls in the Coptic season of Shemu, the season of the Harvest.

Meshir
Meshir (Coptic: Ⲙⲉϣⲓⲣ), also known as Mechir or Mecheir (Ancient Greek: Μεχίρ, Mekhír) and Amshir (Egyptian Arabic: أمشير [ʔæmˈʃiːɾ]), is the sixth month of the ancient Egyptian and Coptic calendars. It lies between February 8 and March 9 of the Gregorian calendar.

The month of Meshir is also the second month of the Season of Proyet (Growth and Emergence) in ancient Egypt, when the Nile floods recede and the crops start to grow throughout the land of Egypt.
Richard E. Blackwelder
Richard Eliot Blackwelder (January 29, 1909 − January 17, 2001)  was an American biologist, professor and author specializing in entomology and taxonomy.  After a distinguished professional career, he retired in 1977, and in 1978 he discovered the works of J. R. R. Tolkien, which were to be the focus of his energies for the remainder of his life. Over the next twenty years, Blackwelder amassed a large collection of Tolkien-related books and other materials, which he sorted and indexed.  The Blackwelder Collection, donated to Marquette University in 1982, is believed to be the largest single body of secondary sources on Tolkien ever to be developed.

Rove beetle
The rove beetles are a family (Staphylinidae) of beetles, primarily distinguished by their short elytra (wing covers) that typically leave more than half of their abdominal segments exposed. With over 66,000 species in thousands of genera, the group is one of the largest families in the beetle order, and one of the largest families of organisms. It is an ancient group that first appeared during the Middle Jurassic based on definitive records of fossilized rove beetles, with the Late Triassic taxon Leehermania more likely belonging to Myxophaga. They are an ecologically and morphologically diverse group of beetles, and commonly encountered in terrestrial ecosystems.

One well-known species is the devil's coach-horse beetle (Ocypus olens). For some other species, see list of British rove beetles.

The family was first described in 1802 by Pierre André Latreille.
The Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism
The Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal covering the study of aesthetics and art criticism. It was published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the American Society for Aesthetics up to January 2021 when it shifted to Oxford University Press.

Wiley-Blackwell
Wiley-Blackwell is an international scientific, technical, medical, and scholarly publishing business of John Wiley & Sons. It was formed by the merger of John Wiley & Sons Global Scientific, Technical, and Medical business with Blackwell Publishing in 2007.

Wiley-Blackwell is now an imprint that publishes a diverse range of academic and professional fields, including biology, medicine, physical sciences, technology, social science, and the humanities.
Mont-Saint-Bruno—L'Acadie
Mont-Saint-Bruno—L'Acadie (formerly Montarville, French pronunciation: [mɔ̃taʁvil]) is a federal electoral district in the Montérégie region of Quebec, Canada, that has been represented in the House of Commons of Canada since 2015.

Montarville was created by the 2012 federal electoral boundaries redistribution and was legally defined in the 2013 representation order. It came into effect upon the call of the 2025 Canadian federal election. It was created out of parts of the electoral districts of Saint-Bruno—Saint-Hubert, Verchères—Les Patriotes and Chambly—Borduas.

The riding was renamed Mont-Saint-Bruno—L'Acadie by the 2023 representation order for Quebec. It gained Caignan from Beloeil—Chambly in the process.

Carignan, Quebec
Carignan (French pronunciation: [kaʁiɲɑ̃] ⓘ) is a suburban municipality in southwestern Quebec, Canada, on the Richelieu River in La Vallée-du-Richelieu Regional County Municipality, about 27 km (17 mi) from Montreal. The population as of the Canada 2021 Census was 11,740.

Carignan was originally the Village Municipality of Chambly. The village of Chambly was established in 1855, less than 10 years after the municipality of Chambly. In 1965 it was renamed Carignan to honour the Carignan-Salières Regiment.
Red Action / Red Initiative
Red Action / Red Initiative (Serbo-Croatian: Crvena akcija / Crvena inicijativa) is a communist political organization active in Croatia (initially as Red Action) and Serbia (initially as Red Initiative). As a self-proclaimed anti-imperialist organization, it strongly opposes the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and is known for attacking NATO symbols with red paint. It also considers the European Union to be an instrument for Western European imperialism and exploitation of Eastern Europe, along with the rest of the world.

Political organisation
A political organisation is any organisation whose primary purpose is involving itself in the political process, including political parties, non-governmental organisations, and special interest advocacy groups. Political organisations are those engaged in political activities (e.g., lobbying, community organizing, campaign advertising, etc.) aimed at achieving clearly defined political goals, which typically benefit the interests of their members.

While parties are one type of political organisation that may engage in some or all of those activities, they are distinct in that they typically focus on supporting candidates for public office, winning elections and controlling government.
35th Parliament of British Columbia
The 35th Legislative Assembly of British Columbia sat from 1992 to 1996. The members were elected in the British Columbia general election held in October 1991. The New Democratic Party (NDP) led by Mike Harcourt formed the government. Harcourt resigned as premier in February 1996; Glen Clark became party leader and premier later that month. The Liberals led by Gordon Wilson formed the official opposition.

Joan Sawicki served as speaker for the assembly until 1994 when Emery Barnes became speaker.

Mike Harcourt
Michael Franklin Harcourt OC (born January 6, 1943) is a Canadian lawyer and politician who served as the 30th premier of British Columbia from 1991 to 1996, and before that as the 34th mayor of Vancouver, British Columbia's largest city, from 1980 to 1986.
1814 Virginia gubernatorial election
A gubernatorial election was held in Virginia on November 12, 1814. The former U.S. representative from Virginia's 21st congressional district Wilson Cary Nicholas defeated the brigadier general of the Virginia militia Armistead Thomson Mason and the United States Army colonel Thomas Mann Randolph Jr.

The incumbent governor of Virginia James Barbour was ineligible for re-election due to term limits established by the Constitution of Virginia. The election was conducted by the Virginia General Assembly in joint session. No candidate had a majority after the first ballot, requiring a second round of voting. Nicholas was elected with a majority on the second ballot.

Virginian militia
The Virginia militia is an armed force composed of all citizens of the Commonwealth of Virginia capable of bearing arms.  The Virginia militia was established in 1607 as part of the English militia system. Militia service in Virginia was compulsory for all free males. The main purpose of the Crown's militia was to repel invasions and insurrections and to enforce the laws of the colony.
Ulat Bayan
Ulat Bayan (transl. Report (to the) nation) is a Philippine television news broadcasting show broadcast by PTV. Originally anchored by Aljo Bendijo and Catherine Vital, it premiered on July 10, 2017, replacing PTV News and was replaced by the weeknight edition of PTV News only. The newscasts will be back on September 7, 2020, replacing the weeknights edition of PTV News. Diane Querrer, Audrey Gorriceta and Ice Martinez for weeknights and Cleizl Pardilla, Patrick De Jesus and Ryan Lesigues for weekends serve as the anchors. The newscast airs from Monday to Sunday at 6:00 p.m. to 7:00 p.m. (PST) on PTV and its livestreaming channels. It was simulcast on Radyo Pilipinas - Radyo Publiko every weekends, Sports Radio 918 every Saturday, and Capital 104.3 every weeknight.

DZSR
DZSR (918 AM), broadcasting as Sports Radio, is a radio station owned and operated by the Presidential Broadcast Service, an attached agency under the Presidential Communications Office. The station's studio is located at the 4th floor, Media Center Building, Visayas Avenue, Barangay Vasra, Diliman, Quezon City, and its transmitter is located at Malolos. The station operates daily from 5:00 AM to 8:00 pm.

As the country's first radio station dedicated to sports, Sports Radio's programming grid is 70% sports content and 30% news, informative, and lifestyle programming.
Bodil Lindqvist v Åklagarkammaren i Jönköping
Bodil Lindqvist v Åklagarkammaren i Jönköping (2003) is a decision by the Court of Justice of the European Communities (European Court of Justice). It held that referring to various persons on an internet page and identifying them either by name or by other means constitutes processing of personal data by automatic means within the meaning of Community law.

It was the first time the Court ruled on the scope of Directive 95/46/EC (Data Protection Directive) and freedom of movement for such data on the internet. It was cited in Costeja (2014), a controversial ruling that held an internet search engine operator established in the European Union (EU) is responsible for the processing that it carries out of personal information that appears on web pages published by third parties, confirming a right of erasure widely regarded as a so-called right to be forgotten.

Court of Justice of the European Union
The Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) (French: Cour de justice de l'Union européenne or "CJUE"; Latin: Curia) is the judicial branch of the European Union (EU). Seated in the Kirchberg quarter of Luxembourg City, Luxembourg, this EU institution consists of two separate courts: the Court of Justice and the General Court. From 2005 to 2016, it also contained the Civil Service Tribunal. It has a sui generis court system, meaning 'of its own kind', and is a supranational institution.

The CJEU is the chief judicial authority of the EU and oversees the uniform application and interpretation of European Union law, in co-operation with the national judiciary of the EU member states. CJEU also resolves legal disputes between national governments and EU institutions, and may take action against EU institutions on behalf of individuals, companies, or organisations whose rights have been infringed.
Russian Fairy Tales
Russian Fairy Tales (Russian: Народные русские сказки, variously translated; English titles include also Russian Folk Tales) is a collection of nearly 600 fairy and folktales, collected and published by Alexander Afanasyev between 1855 and 1863.  The collection contained fairy and folk tales from Ukraine and Belarus alongside Russian stories.  In compiling the work, Afanasyev's editing was informed by the German Grimm's Fairy Tales, Slovak tales collected by Pavol Dobšinský, Božena Němcová's work, Vuk Karadžić's Serbian tales, and other Norwegian, French, and Romanian research.

Vladimir Propp drew heavily on this collection for his analyses in his Morphology of the Folktale.

Božena Němcová
Božena Němcová (Czech pronunciation: [ˈboʒɛna ˈɲɛmt͡sovaː]) (4 February 1820 in Vienna – 21 January 1862 in Prague) was a Czech writer of the final phase of the Czech National Revival movement.

Her image is featured on the 500 CZK denomination of the Česká koruna.
Gnaviyani Atoll
Gnaviyani Atoll (Dhivehi: ޏ. އަތޮޅު, pronounced [ɳaʋijan̪i at̪oɭu], Nyaviyani) is one of the administrative divisions of the Maldives corresponding to the natural atoll Fuvahmulah. Surfacewise, it is the smallest administrative unit in the Maldives, situated on the Equatorial Channel (Addu - Mulah Kandu) between Huvadhu Atoll and Addu Atoll.

Dhiguvaandu
Dhiguvaandu is an administrative division of Fuvahmulah, Maldives. It is one of the largest districts in Fuvahmulah located just after Dhadimago. Apart from Dhadimago, the district also share borders with Hōdhado and Mādhado.
White Coat Rebels
White Coat Rebels is a 2021 American documentary film directed and produced by Greg Barker. It follows corruption of Big Pharma, and its influence on doctors.

The film had its world premiere at AFI Docs on June 24, 2021.

Greg Barker
Greg Barker is an American filmmaker and producer. In 2011, The New York Times described Barker as “a filmmaker of artistic and political consequence.”

Previous films include Sergio (short-listed in 2010 for the Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature, winner of the Best Editing Award at the 2009 Sundance Film Festival); Ghosts of Rwanda (winner of the 2004 DuPont Columbia award and The Robert F. Kennedy Award for International Reporting); Manhunt: The Search for Bin Laden (Grand Jury Prize Sundance Film Festival 2013, Winner of Primetime Emmy for Outstanding Documentary or Nonfiction Special and Outstanding Cinematography for Nonfiction Programming); and The Final Year (Toronto International Film Festival 2017).
2006 Cape Verdean Football Championships
The 2006 Cape Verdean Football Championship season was the 26th of the competition of the first-tier football in Cape Verde. Its started on 6 May and finished on 2 July, earlier than the last season. The tournament was organized by the Cape Verdean Football Federation. Sporting Praia won their 5th title and in the following year participated in the 2007 CAF Champions League. No second place club participated in the 2007 CAF Confederation Cup.

2007 CAF Confederation Cup
The 2007 CAF Confederation Cup was the fourth edition of the CAF Confederation Cup. Its schedule began with the preliminary round (home-and-away ties) in late January and mid-February with the second round in March and the third round in April.
Paulo Henrique (footballer, born July 1996)
Paulo Henrique de Oliveira Alves (born 25 July 1996), known as Paulo Henrique (Brazilian Portuguese: [ˈpawlʊ ẽj̃ˈʁiki]), is a Brazilian footballer who plays as right-back for Vasco da Gama and the Brazil national team.

Copa Santa Catarina
The Copa Santa Catarina (English: Santa Catarina Cup) is a tournament organized by the Santa Catarina State Football Federation every second half of the season. It is played by Santa Catarina state teams. The competition's winner gains the right to compete in the same year's Recopa Sul-Brasileira and in the following year's Campeonato Brasileiro Série D. The competition was formed in 1990.
Suheil Kiwan
Suheil Kiwan (Arabic:سهيل كيوان) is a Palestinian journalist and novelist. He won the Tawfiq Zayyad Institution Award in 2002 for his critical study titled ‘Ghassan Kanafani: Al-Jamal Al-Hazeen wa Al-‘Ata’ Al-Mutawahij'.

Tawfiq Ziad
Tawfiq Ziad (Arabic: توفيق زيّاد, romanized: Tawfīq Ziyyād; Hebrew: תאופיק זיאד, romanized: Ta'ufík Ziyád; 7 May 1929 – 5 July 1994), also romanized Tawfik Zayyad or Tawfeeq Ziad, was a Palestinian politician, poet, and activist who served in Israel's Knesset. He is best known for his advocacy on behalf of Palestinian citizens of Israel.