hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Giesecke+Devrient
Giesecke+Devrient GmbH (G+D) is a German international security technology company operating in the fields of digital security, financial platforms, and currency technology. Founded in 1852, the company evolved from a manufacturer of banknotes, substrates, banknote processing machines, securities, ID documents (such as national ID cards and passports), and payment cards to a provider of security technologies in payment systems, identities, connectivity, and digital infrastructures. The company's headquarters are located in Munich.

G+D operates in 40 countries worldwide and achieved sales of €3.13 billion in 2024. As of 2024, the company produces banknotes for 145 central banks globally.

ESIM
An eSIM (embedded subscriber identity module) is a form of SIM card that is embedded directly into a device as software installed onto an eUICC chip. It connects to mobile network operators via remote SIM provisioning and users can change mobile network operators without the need to physically swap a SIM from the device. Most phones released in 2018 or later support eSIM technology.

In contrast to physical SIM cards, which could hold just one subscriber identity linked to a single service provider plan, several eSIM plans can be stored at the same time and there is no need to obtain, store, and insert/eject (and potentially lose) small physical SIM cards to change plans; this can be carried out within the phone settings.

If a phone is bought directly from a carrier with a SIM lock, the phone can only add eSIMs from the carrier that locked the phone, even after a carrier unlock.
HMS Waitemata
HMS Waitemata was a colonial service Defender-class torpedo boat designed by Thornycroft & Company for the defence of New Zealand, built at Chiswick in 1883 and shipped to New Zealand.

The torpedo boat was delivered from Wellington to Auckland by being towed behind the Government steamship NZGSS Hinemoa. It arrived in Auckland in April 1885.

John I. Thornycroft & Company
50°53′43.44″N 1°22′56.76″W﻿ / ﻿50.8954000°N 1.3824333°W﻿ / 50.8954000; -1.3824333

John I. Thornycroft & Company Limited, usually known simply as Thornycroft, was a British shipbuilding firm founded by John Isaac Thornycroft in Chiswick in 1866. It moved to Woolston, Southampton, in 1908, merging in 1966 with Vosper & Company to form one organisation called Vosper Thornycroft. From 2002 to 2010 the company acquired several international and US-based defence and services companies, and changed name to the VT Group. In 2008 VT's UK shipbuilding and support operations were merged with those of BAE Systems to create BVT Surface Fleet.  In 2010 remaining parts of the company were absorbed by Babcock International who retained the UK and international operations, but sold the US based operations to the American Jordan Company, who took the name VT Group.
Thymine dioxygenase
In enzymology, a thymine dioxygenase (EC 1.14.11.6) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

thymine + 2-oxoglutarate + O2  5-hydroxymethyluracil + succinate + CO2

The 3 substrates of this enzyme are thymine, 2-oxoglutarate, and O2, whereas its 3 products are 5-hydroxymethyluracil, succinate, and CO2.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on paired donors, with O2 as oxidant and incorporation or reduction of oxygen. The oxygen incorporated need not be derived from O2 with 2-oxoglutarate as one donor, and incorporation of one atom o oxygen into each donor.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is thymine,2-oxoglutarate:oxygen oxidoreductase (7-hydroxylating). Other names in common use include thymine 7-hydroxylase, 5-hydroxy-methyluracil dioxygenase, and 5-hydroxymethyluracil oxygenase.  It has 2 cofactors: iron,  and Ascorbate.

Thymine
Thymine (/ˈθaɪmiːn/) (symbol T or Thy) is one of the four nucleotide bases in the nucleic acid of DNA that are represented by the letters G–C–A–T. The others are adenine, guanine, and cytosine. Thymine is also known as 5-methyluracil, a pyrimidine nucleobase. In RNA, thymine is replaced by the nucleobase uracil.  Thymine was first isolated in 1893 by Albrecht Kossel and Albert Neumann from calf thymus glands, hence its name.
Paul Hallberg
Paul Hallberg (1734–1789) was a decorative painter based in Hudiksvall, active in Hälsingland province.

Hallberg was among the first of the Helsingian painters who had undergone a formal arts education. He purportedly began his training in Stockholm, became a journeyman in 1760 and was granted permission to work in Hudiksvall from 1763. He completed several altarpieces in the area, with relatively proficient use of perspective. Many were copied from or heavily inspired by earlier works and Hallberg regularly copied illustrations from Christopher Weigel's Histriae Calebriores (1712).

Hallberg decorated the Färila chapel in 1776, painted the altarpiece as well as sculptures ornaments of the Ljusdal church, and the altarpiece of Delsbo church in 1764. Among his best preserved profane works is a painted linen tapestry from 1768 at the number 10 homestead in Växbo north-east of Bollnäs.

Homestead (building)
A homestead is an isolated dwelling, especially a farmhouse, and adjacent outbuildings, typically on a large agricultural holding such as a ranch or station.

In North America the word "homestead" historically referred to land claimed by a settler or squatter under the Homestead Acts (United States) or the Dominion Lands Act (Canada). In Old English, the term was used to mean a human settlement, and in Southern Africa the term is used for a cluster of several houses normally occupied by a single extended family.

In Australia, it refers to the owner's house and the associated outbuildings of a pastoral property, known as a station. Some large and historic homesteads, especially those that resemble a mansion with large tracts of farmland, are often called "estates", and can be analogous to the English country house, châteaux, or a schloss, but are much younger and modest compared to their European counterparts. Examples include Booloominbah and Iandra Castle.
1964 NCAA University Division cross country championships
The 1964 NCAA University Division Cross Country Championships were the 26th annual cross country meet to determine the team and individual national champions of men's collegiate cross country running in the United States.

Held on November 23, 1964, the meet was hosted by Michigan State University at the Forest Akers East Golf Course in East Lansing, Michigan. This was the final race hosted by Michigan State after 25 straight years. The distance for this race was 4 miles (6.4 kilometers). This was the final meet held at this distance. Starting in 1965, the race was extended to 6 miles.

All NCAA University Division members were eligible to qualify for the meet. In total, 23 teams and 180 individual runners contested this championship.

The team national championship was won by the Western Michigan Broncos, their first team title. The individual championship was won by Elmore Banton, from Ohio, with a time of 20:07.50.

Ohio Bobcats
The Ohio Bobcats are the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I Intercollegiate athletic teams that represent Ohio University, located in Athens, Ohio, United States. Ohio University is a charter member (1946) of the Mid-American Conference (MAC), is currently in the East Division of that conference, and sponsors teams in six men's and ten women's NCAA sanctioned sports. The football team competes in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS), the highest level for college football.

The Bobcats' main rivals are the Miami RedHawks of Miami University, whose rivalry is known as the Battle of the Bricks. The two universities are the oldest in the state. Ohio also has a rivalry with the Marshall Thundering Herd of Marshall University, located about 80 miles (130 km) from each other, who compete in the Battle for the Bell.
Mineral resource classification
There are several classification systems for the economic evaluation of mineral deposits worldwide. The most commonly used schemes base on the International Reporting Template, developed by the CRIRSCO – Committee for Mineral Reserves International Reporting Standards, like the Australian Joint Ore Reserves Committee – JORC Code 2012, the Pan-European Reserves & Resources Reporting Committee' – PERC Reporting Standard from 2021, the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum – CIM classification and the South African Code for the Reporting of Mineral Resources and Mineral Reserves (SAMREC). A more detailed description of the historical development concerning reporting about mineral deposits can be found on the PERC web site. In 1997, the United Nations Framework Classification for Resources (UNFC) was development by the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE). The Pan African Resource Reporting Code (PARC) is based on UNFC.

Voronoi diagram
In mathematics, a Voronoi diagram is a partition of a plane into regions close to each of a given set of objects. It can be classified also as a tessellation. In the simplest case, these objects are just finitely many points in the plane (called seeds, sites, or generators). For each seed there is a corresponding region, called a Voronoi cell, consisting of all points of the plane closer to that seed than to any other. The Voronoi diagram of a set of points is dual to that set's Delaunay triangulation.

The Voronoi diagram is named after mathematician Georgy Voronoy, and is also called a Voronoi tessellation, a Voronoi decomposition, a Voronoi partition, or a Dirichlet tessellation (after Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet). Voronoi cells are also known as Thiessen polygons, after Alfred H. Thiessen. Voronoi diagrams have practical and theoretical applications in many fields, mainly in science and technology, but also in visual art.
Ferda Güley
Hasan Ferda Güley (1916 – 17 November 2008) was a Turkish military officer, politician, and former government minister.

Hasan Ferda was born in Aybastı ilçe (district) of Ordu Province, Ottoman Empire in 1916 . He graduated from the Turkish Military Academy and the Faculty of Letters of Istanbul University.

After serving in the Turkish Military Academy as a teacher, he joined the Republican People's Party (CHP), and was elected into the 11th parliament as a deputy of Ordu Province. He kept his seat in the 12th, 13th, 14th and the 15th Parliament of Turkey as well as the Constituent Assembly of Turkey. In his last term in the parliament, he was appointed Minister of Transport during the 37th government of Turkey serving between 26 January 1974 and 17 November 1974.

Hasan Ferda Güley died in Istanbul on 17 November 2008. He was laid to rest in Cebeci Asri Cemetery in Ankara.

Güley was married and a father of four.

Constituent Assembly of Turkey
The Constituent Assembly of Turkey (Turkish: TBMM 1961 Kurucu Meclisi), also called the Chamber of Deputies, existed from 6 January 1961 to 24 October 1961. It was established by the military rule of 1960 Turkish coup d'état. About half of the members were appointed by the military rule and the rest were the elected members. Among the elected members there were Republican People's Party (CHP) and Republican Nation Party members as well as various NGO members. But the former Democrat Party (DP) members were not allowed in the parliament.
Galatis family
The Galatis family or Galati (Greek: Γαλάτης; Venetian Italian: Galati) is an old noble family from the island of Ithaca, Greece, who came to prominence as local nobles first under the rule of the Tocco family in the 14th and 15th centuries. The family is later listed in both the 1803 and 1804 catalogues of nobles on the island. Among the members of the family are the pre-revolutionary figure Nikolaos Galatis (1792-1819) and the Athenian fashion designer Giannis Galatis.

Zakynthos
Zakynthos, also known as Zante, is a Greek island in the Ionian Sea. It is the third largest of the Ionian Islands, with an area of 405.55 km2 (156.6 sq mi), and a coastline 123 km (76 mi) in length. The name, like all similar names ending in -nthos, is pre-Mycenaean or Pelasgian in origin. In Greek mythology, the island was said to be named after Zacynthus, the son of the legendary Arcadian chief Dardanus.

Zakynthos is a tourist destination, especially amongst British tourists, with an international airport served by charter flights from northern Europe. The island's nickname is "Fioro di Levante" (Flower of the East), bestowed upon it by the Venetians, who ruled Zakynthos from 1484 to 1797.
Dan Kotowski
Dan Kotowski (born March 24, 1967) was the Illinois State Senator from the 28th district. The 28th district includes all or parts of Arlington Heights, Bartlett, Bloomingdale, Des Plaines, Elk Grove Village, Hanover Park, Hoffman Estates, Park Ridge, Roselle and Schaumburg. He previously represented the 33rd district from 2007 to 2013 before the 2011 redistricting.

Park Ridge, Illinois
Park Ridge is a city in Cook County, Illinois, United States, and a northwestern suburb of the Chicago metropolitan area. It is located 15 miles (24 km) north of downtown Chicago. It is close to Chicago O'Hare International Airport, major expressways, and rail transportation. It borders three community areas of Chicago in its Far Northwest Side: Edison Park, Norwood Park, and O'Hare.

The soil is abundant with clay deposits, which made it a brick-making center for the developing city of Chicago. Park Ridge was originally called Pennyville to honor George Penny, the businessman who owned the local brickyard along with Robert Meacham. Later it was named Brickton. The Des Plaines River divides Park Ridge from neighboring Des Plaines, which is west of Park Ridge. Chicago is south and east of Park Ridge, and Niles and unincorporated Maine Township are to its north.

Per the 2020 census, the population of Park Ridge was 39,656.
Hindostan (1796 Indiaman)
Hindostan was an East Indiaman of the East India Company. She was a large vessel of 1,463 tons (bm), launched in 1796 to replace a previous Hindostan that the Royal Navy had bought and turned into a Fourth Rate ship of the line. Her owner was Robert Williams, M.P., who had been the owner of the previous Hindostan.

She made three complete voyages.  She was lost on her fourth voyage, wrecking at Margate in January 1803.

Fourth-rate
In the rating system of the Royal Navy, a fourth-rate was a ship of the line with two gun decks which mounted between 46 and 60 guns. They served in all conflicts the Royal Navy participated in during the early modern period until they were gradually phased out of active service during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, as their usefulness was declining; though fourth-rates often remained in service on distant stations such as the East Indies. Several fourth-rates were created by razeeing larger ships of the line, and occasionally from East Indiamen such as HMS Calcutta.
Yi Kwal
Yi Kwal (Korean: 이괄; Hanja: 李适; 1562 – 14 February 1624) was a general during the Joseon Dynasty, Korea, known for the failed Yi Kwal's Rebellion. His family belonged to the Goseong Yi clan.

He rebelled against King Injo in 1624, but failed. Yi Kwal was then killed by his own troops. Yi Kwal's rebellion put Korea into a state of chaos before it was invaded by the Manchu Qing dynasty.

Gwanghaegun of Joseon
Gwanghaegun or Prince Gwanghae (Korean: 광해군; Hanja: 光海君; 4 June 1575 – 7 August 1641), personal name Yi Hon (이혼; 李琿), was the 15th monarch of the Joseon dynasty of Korea. As he was deposed in a coup d'état, he did not receive a temple name.
Holladay (surname)
Holladay is a surname.  People with it include the following:

Albert L. Holladay (1805–1856), American Presbyterian minister and educator

Alexander Holladay (1811–1877), American politician and lawyer

Alexander Q. Holladay (1839–1909), American politician and lawyer

Ben Holladay (1819–1887), American transportation businessman

Chloe Holladay, American majorette

David Holladay (1954–2024), American computer programmer

John Holladay (1798–1862), American pioneer

Terry Holladay (born 1955), American tennis player

Wilhelmina Holladay (1922–2021), American art collector and patron

Ben Holladay
Benjamin Holladay (October 14, 1819 – July 8, 1887) was an American transportation businessman responsible for creating the Overland Stage to California during the height of the 1849 California Gold Rush. He created a stagecoach empire and is known in history as the "Stagecoach King".

A native of Kentucky, he also was hired as a private courier to General Alexander Doniphan of Missouri, who refused point-blank to carry out orders to kill the Mormons during the 1838 Mormon War in Missouri. Through Holladay's friendship with Brigham Young, Holladay established a profitable freighting contract to Salt Lake City. His transportation empire later included steamships and railroads in Oregon.
2022 Sofia Open
The 2022 Sofia Open was a tennis tournament to be played on indoor hard courts. It was the 7th edition of the event and it was part of the ATP World Tour 250 series of the 2022 ATP Tour. It was played at the Arena Armeec in Sofia, Bulgaria, from 26 September to 2 October 2022.

Arena Sofia
Arena 8888 Sofia (Bulgarian: Арена София, [ɐˈrɛnə ˈsɔfijə]) is a multi-purpose indoor arena located in Sofia, Bulgaria. Opened in July 2011, it has a seating capacity of 12,373. It was formerly called Arena Armeets after the Bulgarian insurance company Armeets purchased the naming rights, until the sponsorship was terminated in October 2022.

Designed as a universal hall for cultural events and sports, the arena could host up to 30 types of sports, including basketball, volleyball, handball, futsal, boxing, tennis, weightlifting, fencing and gymnastics competitions, as well as concerts with a maximum capacity of 17,906. There are 887 parking lots, 614 of them placed in a central exterior parking, 231 placed in near streets and 42 designated for disabled people.
Swainsona decurrens
Swainsona decurrens is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to northern inland areas of Australia. It is an erect annual with imparipinnate leaves usually with 15 to 19 narrowly elliptical leaflets and racemes of 20 to 30 red or purple flowers.

Papilionaceous flower
Papilionaceous flowers (from Latin: papilion, a butterfly) are flowers with the characteristic irregular and butterfly-like corolla found in many, though not all, plants of the species-rich Faboideae subfamily of legumes. Tournefort suggested that the term Flores papilionacei originated with Valerius Cordus, who applied it to the flowers of the bean.
Group of Popular Combatants
The Group of Popular Combatants (Spanish: Grupos de Combatientes Populares, GCP) is a far-left Marxist–Leninist insurgent movement active in the Republic of Ecuador. It is the armed wing of the Marxist–Leninist Communist Party of Ecuador (Spanish: Partido Comunista Marxista–Leninista del Ecuador, PCMLE), a party formed in 1964 as a split from the Communist Party of Ecuador and internationally affiliated with the International Conference of Marxist–Leninist Parties and Organizations (Unity & Struggle). The party belongs to an anti-revisionist tradition of Marxism–Leninism, one originally aligned with Albania during the Cold War and frequently referred to as Hoxhaism.

Hoxhaism
Hoxhaism (UK: /ˈhɒdʒə.ɪzəm/ HOJ-ə-iz-əm, US: /ˈhɔːdʒ-/ HAWJ-) is a variant of Marxism–Leninism developed in the late 1970s as a result of a schism in the anti-revisionist movement, namely between the Chinese Communist Party and the Party of Labour of Albania. The ideological dispute between the two parties brought about the Sino-Albanian split. The ideology is named after Enver Hoxha, the first secretary of the Party of Labour from 1941 to 1985 and leader of the People's Socialist Republic of Albania from 1944 to 1985.

The term Hoxhaism is rarely used by the organizations associated with it, as they view Hoxha's theoretical contributions to Marxism–Leninism as an augmentation of anti-revisionism rather than a distinct ideology. Hoxhaists typically identify themselves with Marxism–Leninism or Stalinism.
Fanuel Massingue
Fanuel Massingue (born 19 December 1982) is a Mozambican international footballer who plays for HCB Songo in Moçambola. He was called to Mozambique national football team at the 2010 Africa Cup of Nations.

UD Songo
União Desportiva do Songo  is a Mozambican professional football club based in Songo, Cahora-Bassa, that competes in the Moçambola.

The club was founded by the Hidroeléctrica de Cahora Bassa company as Grupo Desportivo da Hidroeléctrica de Cahora Bassa de Songo, or simply HCB Songo in 1982.
The Media Show
The Media Show is a weekly British current affairs radio programme and podcast on BBC Radio 4 which examines the current state of the media. First broadcast on 1 October 2008, it is presented by BBC News' analysis editor Ros Atkins and culture & media editor Katie Razzall. Until February 2017, when he died, the show was usually presented by Steve Hewlett, a columnist for The Guardian newspaper and visiting Professor of Journalism and Broadcast policy at the University of Salford. It has also been presented by Amol Rajan, Emma Barnett, Paddy O'Connell,  Julian Worricker, Edward Stourton and Andrea Catherwood.

The series is seen by some as a replacement of The Message, a previous BBC Radio 4 series covering the media which was hosted by Jenni Murray and was dropped in 2008. The Media Show is produced by Richard Hooper. Previous producers have included Katy Takatsuki, Paul Waters, Simon Tillotson, Ruth Watts and Dan Hardoon.

Paddy O'Connell
Guy Patrick O'Connell is an English television and radio presenter. He presents BBC Radio 4's Broadcasting House programme and Newsnight. He is also an occasional presenter of the PM programme. O'Connell is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts.
Louise von François
Marie Louise von François (27 June 1817 in Herzberg (Elster) – 25 September 1893 in Weißenfels) was a German writer, best known for her historical novel Die letzte Reckenburgerin (1871). She was a friend and correspondent of Marie von Ebner-Eschenbach and Conrad Ferdinand Meyer.

Conrad Ferdinand Meyer
Conrad Ferdinand Meyer (11 October 1825 – 28 November 1898) was a Swiss poet and historical novelist, a master of literary realism who is mainly remembered for stirring narrative ballads like "Die Füße im Feuer" (The Feet in the Fire).
Bram Stoker's Dracula (1974 film)
Dracula, also known as Bram Stoker's Dracula and Dan Curtis' Dracula, is a 1974 British made-for-television gothic vampire film and adaptation of Bram Stoker's 1897 novel Dracula. It was written by Richard Matheson and directed by Dark Shadows creator Dan Curtis, with Jack Palance in the title role of Count Dracula. It was the second collaboration for Curtis and Palance after the 1968 TV film The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde.

Lucy Westenra
Lucy Westenra is a fictional character in the 1897 novel Dracula by Bram Stoker. She is the 19-year-old daughter of a wealthy family and is Mina Murray's best friend. Early in the story, Lucy gets proposed to by three suitors, Arthur Holmwood, John Seward, and Quincey Morris, on the same day. Turning the latter two down due to already being in love with Arthur, she accepts his proposal. Before getting the chance to marry, Lucy becomes Count Dracula's first English victim, and despite Seward contacting Abraham Van Helsing for help, she transforms into a vampire. Following her return as a vampire and attacks on children—dubbed the "Bloofer Lady" by them—she is eventually cornered into her crypt by Van Helsing and her suitors who destroy her, putting her soul to rest.

Lucy has appeared in the majority of adaptations of Stoker's novel, although many aspects of her character are changed, such as she and Mina having their names switched; one example being the 1927 stage play.