hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Michael Holroyd Smith
Michael Holroyd Smith (1847–1932) was an English pioneer of electrical and motor car engineering. He was born in Halifax on 22 December 1847, the son of Matthew Smith and his wife Mary Sutcliffe. Over his life he worked on various projects as a consulting engineer. In 1885 he was responsible for the design and construction of the Blackpool Electric Tramway,  a line in Blackpool that was Britain's first electric tramway and survives to this day, albeit in a rather different form. Between 1886 and 1890, he was responsible for the electrification of the City and South London Railway, the first deep-level tube railway in London. In the 1890s, he built at least two motor cars of his own design, though these do not appear to have gone into production. He died at his home in Llanrwst, Denbighshire on 6 July 1932.

Michael Holroyd Smith was a member of both the Institution of Electrical Engineers and the Institution of Mechanical Engineers.

Institution of Mechanical Engineers
The Institution of Mechanical Engineers (IMechE) is an independent professional association and learned society headquartered in London, United Kingdom, that represents mechanical engineers and the engineering profession. With over 110,000 members in 140 countries, working across industries such as railways, automotive, aerospace, manufacturing, energy, biomedical and construction, the Institution is licensed by the Engineering Council to assess candidates for inclusion on its Register of Chartered Engineers, Incorporated Engineers and Engineering Technicians.

The Institution was founded at the Queen's Hotel, Birmingham, by George Stephenson in 1847. It received a Royal Charter in 1930. The Institution's headquarters, purpose-built for the Institution in 1899, is situated at No. 1 Birdcage Walk in central London.
Vuntut Gwitchin (electoral district)
Vuntut Gwitchin (formerly Old Crow) is a territorial electoral district of Yukon that has been represented in the Yukon Legislative Assembly since 1978.

Being one of Yukon's eight rural ridings, it is the least populated electoral district in any provincial or territorial legislature in Canada, with fewer than 200 total ballots cast in any territorial election to date.

In two elections since the district's creation, two candidates finished in an exact tie; under Yukon election law, a tied vote is settled by drawing lots rather than by reconducting a full by-election.

Yukon Legislative Assembly
The Yukon Legislative Assembly (French: Assemblée législative du Yukon) is the legislative assembly for Yukon, Canada. Unique among Canada's three territories, the Yukon Legislative Assembly is the only territorial legislature which is organized along political party lines. In contrast, in Nunavut and the Northwest Territories, their legislative assemblies are elected on a non-partisan basis and operate on a consensus government model.

Each member represents one electoral district, elected through first-past-the-post voting. Members of the Legislative Assembly are sworn in by the commissioner of Yukon.
Léon Lécuyer
Léon Lécuyer (8 April 1855 – 25 October 1915) was a French sports shooter. He competed in fencing at the 1900 Summer Olympics. He also competed in three events at the 1908 Summer Olympics winning a bronze medal in the team small-bore rifle event.

Shooting at the 1908 Summer Olympics – Men's team small-bore rifle
The men's team small-bore rifle was one of 15 events on the Shooting at the 1908 Summer Olympics programme.  Teams consisted of four shooters.  Regulation of the equipment used in the event was done through proscribing ammunition weighing more than 140 grains, with a velocity of more than 1,450 feet per second, or having a hard metal base. Magnifying and telescopic sights were prohibited. Each shooter fired 40 shots, half at 50 yards and half at 100 yards.  Maximum score for a shot was 5 points, giving a maximum total possible of 200 points per shooter or 800 per team.

The event would be held again in 1912, though only at 50 metres. A similar team event, standing at 50 metres, would be held in 1920.
The Day Dream (Renoir)
The Daydream (French - La Reverie) or Portrait of Jeanne Samary is an oil on canvas painting by Pierre-Auguste Renoir, from 1877. It is held at the Pushkin Museum, in Moscow. It portrays Jeanne Samary, a young actress at the Comédie-Française in Paris who had made her début as Dorine in Tartuffe in 1875 and lived on Rue Frochot, not far from Renoir's home. He painted her several times, including Portrait of Jeanne Samary (1878, Hermitage Museum).

The work was exhibited at the Third Impressionist Exhibition in 1877, where it received a largely negative reception. It later formed part of Ivan Morozov's collection, which was seized by the Soviet state after the October Revolution. It appeared on a USSR stamp in 1970.

Pushkin Museum
The Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts (Russian: Государственный музей изобразительных искусств имени А. С. Пушкина, romanized: Gosudarstvennyy muzey izobrazitel'nykh iskusstv imeni A. S. Pushkina, abbreviated as Russian: ГМИИ, GMII) is the largest museum of European art in Moscow. It is located in Volkhonka street, just opposite the Cathedral of Christ the Saviour. The International musical festival Sviatoslav Richter's December Nights has been held in the Pushkin Museum since 1981.
12th Macondo Awards
The 12th Macondo Awards ceremony, presented by the Colombian Academy of Cinematography Arts and Sciences, honored the best audiovisual productions of 2024. It took place on November 3, 2024, at the Santander Theatre in Bucaramanga.

Colombian Academy of Cinematography Arts and Sciences
The Colombian Academy of Cinematography Arts and Sciences (Spanish: Academia Colombiana de Artes y Ciencias Cinematográficas - ACACC) is an industry association in Colombia founded in 2009. Each year the academy present the Macondo Awards to award achievements in the film industry. The academy also selects Colombian films to represent the country in other annual awards and festivals, such as the Academy Awards.
Band I
Band I is a range of radio frequencies within the very high frequency (VHF) part of the electromagnetic spectrum. The first time there was defined "for simplicity" in Annex 1 of "Final acts of the European Broadcasting Conference in the VHF and UHF bands - Stockholm, 1961". Band I ranges from 47 to 68 MHz for the European Broadcasting Area, and from 54 to 88 MHz for the Americas and it is primarily used for television broadcasting in compliance with ITU Radio Regulations (article 1.38). With the transition to digital TV, most Band I transmitters have already been switched off.

Sporadic E propagation
Sporadic E (abbreviated Es or SpE) is an uncommon form of radio propagation using a low level of the Earth's ionosphere that normally does not refract radio waves above about 15 MHz.

Sporadic E propagation reflects signals off relatively small ionization patches in the lower E region located at altitudes of about 95–120 km (59–75 mi). The more conventional forms of skywave propagation in the ionosphere's higher F region refract off layers of electrons that are knocked off gas atoms and molecules by intense UV light, which are renewed on a regular repeating daily cycle. In both cases, the electrons, when present, refract (or "bend") radio signals back toward the Earth's surface creating a "bent pipe" path for radio signals.

The Es propagation often supports occasional long-distance communication during the approximately 6 weeks centered on summer solstice at very high frequencies (VHF), which under normal conditions propagate mostly by line-of-sight.
Chakan River
River Chakan is a left bank tributary of the Chambal River. The river flows in a south-easterly direction and joins river Chambal in Sawai Madhopur District. The catchment area of Chakan river extends over to Sawai Madhopur, Tonk, Bundi and Kota Districts.

Tonk district
Tonk district is a district of the state of Rajasthan in western India. The city of Tonk is the administrative headquarters of the district. The district is bounded on the north by Jaipur district, on the east by Sawai Madhopur district, on the southeast by Kota district, on the south by Bundi district, on the southwest by Bhilwara district, and on the west by Ajmer district.
Gerardo Yecerotte
Gerardo César Yecerotte Soruco (born August 28, 1985, in Orán, Salta Province) is an Argentine-bolivian football striker that currently plays for Club Bolivar in the Israeli Premier League. He was a naturalized Bolivian because his mother was born in Bolivia. He also has participated in FIFA World Cup qualifiers for 2010.

Salta Province
Salta (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈsalta]) is a province of Argentina, located in the northwest of the country. Neighboring provinces are from the east clockwise Formosa, Chaco, Santiago del Estero, Tucumán and Catamarca. It also surrounds Jujuy. To the north it borders Bolivia and Paraguay and to the west lies Chile.
Ion source
An ion source is a device that creates atomic and molecular ions. Ion sources are used to form ions for mass spectrometers, optical emission spectrometers, particle accelerators, ion implanters and ion engines.

Electron beam ion trap
Electron beam ion trap (EBIT) is an electromagnetic bottle that produces and confines highly charged ions. An EBIT uses an electron beam focused with a powerful magnetic field to ionize atoms to high charge states by successive electron impact.

It was invented by M. Levine and R. Marrs at LLNL and LBNL.
Douglas Creek (Canada)
Douglas Creek is a small, 0.8 kilometres (0.50 mi) salmon-bearing urban stream that is located in the municipality of Saanich on Vancouver Island. It is located entirely within PKOLS (Mount Douglas Park) and its mouth empties into Haro Strait.

Haro Strait
The Haro Strait is one of the main channels connecting the Strait of Georgia to the Strait of Juan de Fuca, separating Vancouver Island and the Gulf Islands in British Columbia, Canada from the San Juan Islands of Washington state in the United States.

The strait is a critical part of the international boundary between Canada and the United States. It stretches from the western terminus of the 49th parallel segment of that boundary, and was chosen by the arbitrator in the San Juan Islands dispute (Pig War) over the Rosario Strait.
Connecticut's Beardsley Zoo
Connecticut's Beardsley Zoo, located in Bridgeport, Connecticut, is the only Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA)–accredited zoo in the state of Connecticut. The zoo includes one of the few carousels in the state. The zoo has around 500 animals, from over 100 species, and welcomes about 280,000 visitors a year.

Chacoan peccary
The Chacoan peccary (Catagonus wagneri), also called the taguá, is a peccary found in the Gran Chaco of Paraguay, Bolivia, and Argentina. It is the only extant species of genus Catagonus. With a total estimated population of approximately 3,000, it is considered to be an endangered species.
Prince Masanari
Prince Masanari (雅成親王, Masanari shinnō; 1200–1255) was a waka poet and Japanese nobleman active in the early Kamakura period. He was a son of Emperor Go-Toba.

Masanari is designated as a member of the New Thirty-Six Immortals of Poetry (新三十六歌仙, Shinsanjūrokkasen).

Waka (poetry)
Waka (和歌; 'Japanese poem') is a type of poetry in classical Japanese literature. Although waka in modern Japanese is written as 和歌, in the past it was also written as 倭歌 (see Wa, an old name for Japan), and a variant name is yamato-uta (大和歌).
Mallige line
The Mallige line is an under-construction Bengaluru Suburban rail line between Benniganahalli to Chikkabanavara. The 27 km (17 mi) long broad-gauge line was approved in 2019 with its construction works commencing in 2022. The line which is also referred as 'corridor-2' is being built in two packages C2A and C2B respectively. The C1A package consists eight stations, while the C1B has four. The line is named after the flower Mallige (Jasmine)  in Kannada.

Jasmine
Jasmine (botanical name: Jasminum, pronounced /ˈjæsmɪnəm/ YAS-min-əm) is a genus of shrubs and vines in the olive family of Oleaceae.: 193  It contains around 200 species native to tropical and warm temperate regions of Eurasia, Africa, and Oceania.: 194  Jasmines are widely cultivated for the characteristic fragrance of their flowers.

The village of Shubra Beloula in Egypt grows most of the jasmine used by the global perfume industry.
Prostitution in Tunisia
Prostitution in Tunisia is regulated and confined to two small areas, one in Sfax and the other, Sidi Abdallah Guech in Tunis. Outside these two areas prostitution is illegal.

Although the number of registered prostitutes is low, many work illegally, especially since the closure of most of the red-light districts as a consequence of the Jasmine Revolution in 2011. UNAIDS estimate there to be around 25,000 prostitutes in the country. Sex workers and NGOs report law enforcement to be abusive, inconsistent and corrupt.

Red-light district
A red-light district or pleasure district is a part of an urban area where a concentration of prostitution and sex-oriented businesses, such as sex shops, strip clubs, and adult theaters, are found. In most cases, red-light districts are particularly associated with female street prostitution, though in some cities, these areas may coincide with spaces of male prostitution and gay venues. Areas in many big cities around the world have acquired an international reputation as red-light districts.
Suining Sports Center
The Suining Sports Center is a sports complex located in Suining, Sichuan, China. It was most recently the home of Sichuan Jiuniu in 2023. It was the main venue for the 12th Sichuan Provincial Games, which was held in Suining from 16th to 23 August in 2014. The sports complex was built in 2012 and has a total construction area of 260,000 square meters.

The Suining Sports Center consists of two main areas: a sports area and a sports industry area. The sports area includes a 30,000-seat stadium, a 2,000-seat swimming pool, and other sports facilities. The sports industry area includes a sports hotel, a sports training center, and a sports equipment exhibition center.

Suining
Suining (simplified Chinese: 遂宁; traditional Chinese: 遂寧; Sichuanese Pinyin: Xu4nin2; Sichuanese pronunciation: [ɕy˨˦nin˨˩]; pinyin: Sùiníng; Wade–Giles: Sui-ning) is a prefecture-level city of eastern Sichuan province in Southwest China. According to the 2020 census, Suining had a population of 2,814,196, with 1,612,641 living in built up(or metro) areas.
HNoMS Rapp
Two Royal Norwegian Navy ships and a class of patrol boats have been named Rapp or Rap, meaning quick.

HNoMS Rap (1873) — is named Rapp, but with old spelling. This is the world's first torpedo boat.

HNoMS Rapp (P981) - a Snøgg-class missile torpedo boat

The Rapp-class torpedo boats.
HNoMS Rapp (P351) — The lead ship of the Rapp class.

Rapp-class patrol boat
The Rapp-class torpedo boats were a class of six torpedo boats built in Norway for the Royal Norwegian Navy from 1952 to 1956. They were the first Norwegian-built torpedo boats after World War II, and were designed in light of experience from operations in this war. The boats were slightly larger than the Elco class.

All six boats were built by Westermoen Båtbyggeri og Mek Verksted, Mandal, with the first, Rapp launched on 7 May 1952 and completed on 18 November 1952. The five remaining boats were completed between 1953 and 1956. All six boats were stricken in 1970.

The class was designed, constructed and scale tested by Harald Henriksen in 1946. The same design was used for 16 patrol boats delivered to the Swedish navy. Henriksen later designed the Storm class, the Snøgg class and the Hauk class.
Roy Ainslie
Arthur Roy Ainslie is a South African politician who represented the African National Congress (ANC) in the National Assembly from 1999 to 2014 and before that in the KwaZulu-Natal Provincial Legislature from 1994 to 1999.

Ainslie has a bachelor's degree from the University of Cape Town. During apartheid, he was active in liberal white political organisations, first as a leader of the National Union of South African Students (Nusas) in the 1970s and then as a member of the Democratic Party. In South Africa's first post-apartheid elections in 1994, he was elected to the new KwaZulu-Natal Provincial Legislature. In the next general election in 1999, he was elected to an ANC seat in the National Assembly, representing the KwaZulu-Natal constituency. He served three terms in the assembly, gaining re-election in 2004 and 2009. From 2010 he was the ANC's whip in the Standing Committee on Public Accounts.

Standing Committee on Public Accounts
The Standing Committee on Public Accounts (SCOPA; Afrikaans: Staande Komitee oor Openbare Rekeninge) is a standing committee of the National Assembly of South Africa, the lower house of the Parliament of South Africa. It oversees the financial statements of all government departments and state institutions, any audit reports issued on those statements, reports compiled by the Auditor-General on government departments and state institutions, as well as any other financial statements or reports referred to by the committee.
Lý Chiêu Hoàng
Lý Chiêu Hoàng ([li˦˥ ciə̯w˧˧ hwaːŋ˨˩] chữ Hán: 李昭皇, September 1218 – 1278), personal name Lý Phật Kim (李佛金) later renamed to Lý Thiên Hinh (李天馨), was the ninth and last sovereign of the Lý dynasty, empress of Đại Việt from 1224 to 1225. She is the only empress regnant in Vietnamese history and the last Vietnamese female monarch (Trưng Trắc is the first female monarch and the first queen regnant).

Chữ Hán
Chữ Hán (Vietnamese: 𡨸漢 [t͡ɕɯ˦ˀ˥ haːn˧˦] ⓘ, lit. 'Han characters') are the Chinese characters that were used to write Literary Chinese (Hán văn; 漢文) and Sino-Vietnamese vocabulary in Vietnamese. They were officially used in Vietnam after the Red River Delta region was annexed into the Han dynasty and continued to be used until the early 20th century.
Yasmina Khadra
Mohammed Moulessehoul (Arabic: محمد مولسهول; born 10 January 1955), better known by the pen name Yasmina Khadra (Arabic: ياسمينة خضراء), is an Algerian author living in France, who writes in French. One of the most famous Algerian novelists in the world, he has written almost 40 novels, and has published in more than 50 countries. Khadra has often explored Algerian and other Arab countries' civil wars, depicting Muslim conflicts and reality, the attraction of radical Islamism to those alienated by the incompetence and hypocrisy of politicians, and conflicts between East and West. In his several writings on the Algerian war, he has exposed the regime and the fundamentalist opposition as the joint guilty parties in the country's tragedy.

Institut de France
The Institut de France (French for 'Institute of France'; French: [ɛ̃stity də fʁɑ̃s]) is a French learned society, grouping five académies, including the Académie Française. It was established in 1795 at the direction of the National Convention. Located on the Quai de Conti in the 6th arrondissement of Paris, the institute manages approximately 1,000 foundations, as well as museums and châteaux open for visit. It also awards prizes and subsidies, which amounted to a total of over €27 million per year in 2017. Most of these prizes are awarded by the institute on the recommendation of the académies.
Virginia State Route 67
State Route 67 (SR 67) is a primary state highway in the southwest part of the U.S. state of Virginia. It runs from SR 80 near Honaker east to U.S. Route 460 (US 460) at Raven, east concurrently with US 460 and US 460 Business (US 460 Bus.) into downtown Richlands, and north to SR 616 at Jewell Ridge on the Tazewell–Buchanan county line.

Jewell Ridge, Virginia
Jewell Ridge is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Tazewell County, Virginia, United States. Jewell Ridge is 6.3 miles (10.1 km) north of Richlands. Jewell Ridge has a post office with ZIP code 24622.
Roger Chudeau
Roger Chudeau (French pronunciation: [ʁɔʒe ʃydo]; born 28 September 1949) is a French politician and retired senior civil servant who has represented the 2nd constituency of the Loir-et-Cher department in the National Assembly since 2022. A former inspector at the Ministry of National Education and an education advisor in Prime Minister François Fillon's cabinet (2007–2008), he is a member of the National Rally (RN) and formerly of The Republicans (LR).

Loir-et-Cher's 2nd constituency
The 2nd constituency of Loir-et-Cher is one of three French legislative constituencies in the Loir-et-Cher department, in the Centre-Val de Loire region.

It consists of the (pre-2015 cantonal re-organisation) cantons of
Bracieux, Lamotte-Beuvron, Mennetou-sur-Cher, Neung-sur-Beuvron, Romorantin-Lanthenay (North and South), Saint-Aignan, Salbris, and Selles-sur-Cher.
Youssef El-Arabi
Youssef El-Arabi (Arabic: يُوسُف الْعَرَبِيّ; born 3 February 1987) is a professional footballer who plays as a forward for Ligue 1 club Nantes.

He began his career with hometown club Caen in Ligue 1, making his debut in 2008. After a season in Saudi Arabia with Al Hilal he signed for La Liga club Granada for a club record €5 million in 2012. He scored 45 goals in 134 official games before leaving for Al-Duhail in 2016. In three years in the Qatar Stars League, he was top scorer twice, and totalled 107 goals in 95 games across all competitions before returning to Europe with Olympiacos.

Born in France, El-Arabi chose to represent Morocco at international level, making his debut in 2010. He represented them at three Africa Cup of Nations tournaments.

2016–17 Qatar Stars League
The 2016–17 Qatar Stars League was the 44th edition of top-level football championship in Qatar. The season began on 15 September 2016 and concluded on 27 April 2017.

Al-Rayyan were the defending champions, having won their eighth championship. Muaither and Al Shahaniya have entered as the two promoted teams from the 2015–16 Qatargas League.
Anganur
Anganur is a village in the Sannasinallur panchayat, Sendurai taluk, of Ariyalur district, Tamil Nadu, India, located 14 km from Sendurai and 8 km from Tittakudi. The river "Chinna Aaru" (small river) passes through this village. It is notably the birthplace of Dalit activist, VCK Chairman, and MP Thol. Thirumavalavan.

Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha
A Member of Parliament in the Lok Sabha (abbreviated: MP) is the representative of a legislative constituency in the Lok Sabha; the lower house of the Parliament of India. Members of parliament of Lok Sabha are chosen by direct elections on the basis of the adult suffrage. The maximum permitted strength of members of parliament in the Lok Sabha is 550. This includes the maximum 530 members to represent the constituencies and states and up to 20 members to represent the union territories (both chosen by direct elections). Between 1952 and January 25, 2020, two seats were reserved for members of the Anglo-Indian community. The current elected strength of the Lok Sabha is 543. The party—or coalition of parties—having a majority in the Lok Sabha chooses the Prime Minister of India.

All Members of Lok Sabha rank 21st in the Order of Precedence of India.
Škrajnek
Škrajnek (pronounced [ˈʃkɾaːi̯nɛk]; in older sources also Skranjek) is a small settlement north of Velike Poljane in the Municipality of Ribnica in southern Slovenia. The entire municipality is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.

Municipality of Ribnica
The Municipality of Ribnica (pronounced [ˈɾiːbnitsa] ⓘ; Slovene: Občina Ribnica) is a municipality in southern Slovenia. The seat of the municipality is the town of Ribnica. It is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.

Archaeological evidence shows that the area has been settled at least since the late Bronze Age between 1300 and 900 BC.