hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Blazer's Scouts
Blazer's Scouts was a Scout Dragoon unit of the Union Army during the second half of the American Civil War. They were particularly active in tracking down and confronting Confederate States Army partisans and guerrillas in West Virginia and Virginia; especially those of Colonel John S. Mosby. They specialized in anti-guerrilla warfare, counterinsurgency, dragoon style sudden attacks, hit-and-run, reconnaissance and scouting for gathering intelligence in enemy areas, and tracking targets hunt.

Partisan (military)
A partisan (or partizan) is a member of a domestic irregular military force formed to oppose control of an area by a foreign power or by an army of occupation by some kind of insurgent activity.

The term can apply to the field element of resistance movements. The most common use in present parlance in several languages refers to occupation resistance fighters during World War II, especially under the Yugoslav partisan leader Josip Broz Tito.
Laya Burger
Laya Burger (Chinese: 拉亞漢堡; pinyin: Lāyà Hànbǎo) is a Taiwanese chain of brunch restaurants. Laya Burger opened its first restaurant in July 2002, in Yangmei District located in Taoyuan, Taiwan. Popular for its whole wheat egg rolls with pork floss and mashed taro, Laya Burger is amongst the top three most popular breakfast chains in Taiwan along with Mei & Mei (美而美) and My Warm Day (MWD). As of 2018, there are approximately 500 franchise stores in Taiwan.

Taro
Taro (/ˈtɑːroʊ, ˈtær-/; Colocasia esculenta) is a root vegetable. It is the most widely cultivated species of several plants in the family Araceae that are used as vegetables for their corms, leaves, stems and petioles. Taro corms are a food staple in African, Caribbean, Oceanian, East Asian, Southeast Asian and South Asian cultures (similar to yams).
Kuche railway station
Kuche or Kuqa railway station (Chinese: 库车站) is a railway station on Southern Xinjiang railway, located in Kuche, Kuche County, Aksu Prefecture in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region.

It was built in 1998 and opened in December 1999, when the railway was extended from Korla to Kashgar. It is served by trains from/to Kashgar, Turpan and Urumqi.

The station is located in Kuche (41°41′36″N 83°00′50″E﻿ / ﻿41.693344°N 83.013816°E﻿ / 41.693344; 83.013816) which is a thriving town of oil and natural gas development of the Tarim Basin, and of tourism, as it was once the homeland of the ancient Buddhist Kingdom of Kucha.

Korla
Korla, also known as Kurla or Kuerle, is the second largest city by population in Xinjiang, China. It is a county-level city and the seat of Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture, the largest prefecture of China.

Korla has existed since at least the Han dynasty. Korla is known for its production of fragrant pears and is a production center for the Tarim oil fields.
Morrill Land-Grant Acts
The Morrill Land-Grant Acts are United States statutes that allowed for the creation of land-grant colleges in U.S. states, focusing on agricultural and mechanical studies.

The Morrill Act of 1862 (12 Stat. 503 (1862) later codified as 7 U.S.C. § 301 et seq.) was enacted during the American Civil War, and the Morrill Act of 1890 (the Agricultural College Act of 1890 (26 Stat. 417, later codified as 7 U.S.C. § 321 et seq.) expanded this model.

Codification (law)
In law, codification is the process of collecting and restating the law of a jurisdiction in certain areas, usually by subject, forming a legal code, i.e. a codex (book) of law.

Codification is one of the defining features for most civil law jurisdictions. In common law systems, such as that of English law, codification is the process of converting and consolidating judge-made law or uncodified statutes enacted by the legislature into codified statute law.
Paco Herrera
Francisco "Paco" Herrera Lorenzo (born 2 December 1953) is a Spanish retired footballer who played as a midfielder, and is a manager.

His managerial career spanning over a quarter of a century, was mostly spent in Segunda División, where he managed 13 clubs and achieved promotion to La Liga with Celta and Las Palmas.

Getafe CF
Getafe Club de Fútbol S.A.D. (Spanish pronunciation: [xeˈtafe ˈkluβ ðe ˈfuðβol]) is a Spanish professional football club based in Getafe, a city in the Community of Madrid. They compete in La Liga, the top tier of the Spanish football. The team has played its home matches in the 16,500-capacity Estadio Coliseum since 1998.

Founded in 1983, the club was promoted to La Liga for the first time in 2004, and participated in the top level of Spanish football for twelve years between 2004 and 2016, and again since 2017. The club maintain rivalries with neighbours Leganés, who are based near the town of Getafe, Atlético Madrid and Real Madrid.
Tony Neelankavil
Mar Tony Neelankavil is a Syro-Malabar Catholic bishop and titular bishop of Masuccaba. He is the third and the present Auxiliary Bishop of Syro-Malabar Catholic Archdiocese of Thrissur, India from 18 November 2017. He was nominated as the Auxiliary Bishop on 1 September 2017 and was ordained to the office on 18 November 2017 by Archbishop Mar Andrews Thazhath assisted by Mar Jacob Thoomkuzhy and Mar Raphael Thattil.

Jacob Thoomkuzhy
Mar Jacob Thoomkuzhy (13 December 1930 – 17 September 2025) was an Indian Syro-Malabar Catholic hierarch. He was the first bishop of the Mananthavady eparchy, second bishop of the Thamarassery eparchy, and the second Metropolitan archbishop of the Archeparchy of Trichur in India.
1983 Australian Formula 2 Championship
The 1983 Australian Formula 2 Championship was an Australian motor racing competition for cars complying with Australian Formula 2 regulations. The championship was authorised by the Confederation of Australian Motor Sport as an Australian National Title. It was the 16th Australian Formula 2 Championship.

South Australian driver Ian Richards won the championship in his self-designed Richards 201 Volkswagen. Richards won by a single point from Peter Glover who drove a Cheetah Mk 7D Isuzu and a borrowed Cheetah Mk 7 Toyota. Finishing equal third on 11 points each were David Crabtree driving a Cheetah Mk 6 BMW, and Greg Ferrall driving an Elfin GE Two-25 Volkswagen.

Cheetah Racing Cars
Cheetah Racing Cars was a prolific Australian manufacturer of race cars. The cars were almost solely designed, engineered and constructed by Brian Shead in a small factory at the rear of his home in Mordialloc, a suburb of Melbourne, Australia.
Voznyak
Voznyak is a Ukrainian: Возняк surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Anastasiya Voznyak (born 1998), Ukrainian rhythmic gymnast

Ihor Voznyak (born 1951), Archbishop of Lviv

Taras Voznyak (born 1957), Ukrainian writer

Anastasiya Voznyak
Anastasiya Romanivna Voznyak (Ukrainian: Анастасія Романівна Возняк; born 9 December 1998) is a Ukrainian former group rhythmic gymnast. She represented Ukraine at the 2016 and 2020 Summer Olympics. She won a bronze medal at the 2018 World Championships in 3 balls and 2 ropes and is a three-time European Games medalist. She won two gold medals at the 2020 European Championships and won three silver medals at the 2019 Summer Universiade.
Russian ship Gangut
At least four ships of the Imperial Russian and Soviet Navies have been named Gangut after the 1714 Battle of Gangut.

Russian ship of the line Gangut (1719) - 90-gun ship of the line ordered scrapped in 1736.

Russian ship of the line Gangut (1825) - 84-gun ship of the line that participated in the Battle of Navarino. Rebuilt as a screw frigate in the 1850s and finally stricken in 1871.

Russian coast defense ship Gangut - Coast defense ship that ran aground and was lost in 1897.

Russian battleship Gangut (1911) - Lead ship of the Gangut-class dreadnoughts that participated in World War I and World War II before being scrapped in 1956. Renamed Oktyabrskaya Revolutsiya by the Soviets.

Russian ship of the line Gangut (1825)
Gangut (Russian: Гангут) was an 84-gun ship of the line built for the Imperial Russian Navy in the early 1820s. She participated in the Battle of Navarino in 1827 and was credited with destroying three Ottoman ships. The ship was forced to return to the Baltic Sea for repairs and remained part of the Baltic Fleet for the rest of her career. Gangut was one of the ships deployed to Denmark during the First Schleswig War of 1848–50 to help preserve Denmark's territorial integrity against Prussia. The ship was converted to steam power in 1854–57 and she made one deployment to the Mediterranean in 1859–60 before she became a gunnery training ship in 1862. Gangut was stricken from the navy list in 1871 and sold for scrap.
Dwight Lauderdale
Dwight Lauderdale (born in Columbus, Ohio) is a former TV news anchor. He was the first African American news anchor in South Florida and became one of the state's most watched and longest running anchors.

South Florida
South Florida, sometimes colloquially shortened to SoFlo, is the southernmost region of the U.S. state of Florida. It is one of Florida's three most commonly referred to directional regions; the two others are Central Florida and North Florida. South Florida is the southernmost part of the continental United States and the only region of the continental U.S. that includes some areas with a tropical climate.

South Florida is dominated by the Miami metropolitan area and the Everglades. It also contains the Florida Keys; three U.S. national parks: Biscayne, Dry Tortugas, and Everglades; and multiple cities.
1976 Pacific Southwest Open – Singles
The 1976 Pacific Southwest Open – Singles was an event of the 1976 Pacific Southwest Open tennis tournament and was played on indoor carpet courts at the Pauley Pavilion in Los Angeles, in the United States, between September 20 and September 27, 1976. The draw comprised 64 players of which 16 were seeded. Tenth-seeded Brian Gottfried won the Pacific Southwest Open singles title by defeating defending champion Arthur Ashe in the final, 6–2, 6–2.

Brian Gottfried
Brian Edward Gottfried (born January 27, 1952) is an American retired tennis player who won 25 singles titles and 54 doubles titles during his professional career. He was the runner-up in singles at the 1977 French Open, won the 1975 and 1977 French Open Doubles as well as the 1976 Wimbledon Doubles. He achieved a career-high singles ranking on the ATP tour on June 19, 1977, when he became world No. 3, and a career-high doubles ranking on December 12, 1976, when he became world No. 2.
Atanu Sabyasachi Nayak
Atanu Sabyasachi Nayak is a politician from Odisha, India. He was the Health Minister in Odisha Legislative Assembly. He is an MLA representing Mahakalapada constituency from the Biju Janata Dal. He was inducted into Naveen Patnaik's Cabinet as Food Supplies and Consumer Welfare, Cooperation Minister in June 2022.

Odisha Legislative Assembly
The Odisha Legislative Assembly is the unicameral state legislature of the state of Odisha in India. The seat of the Legislative Assembly is at Bhubaneswar, the capital city. The Legislative Assembly comprises 147 Members of Legislative Assembly. Out of total 147 Assembly Constituencies of Odisha Legislative Assembly, 33 seats are reserved for Scheduled Tribes (ST) and 24 seats for the Scheduled Castes (SC).
David Heinemeier Hansson
David Heinemeier Hansson, also known by his initials DHH, is a Danish programmer, writer, entrepreneur, and racing driver. He is the creator of Ruby on Rails, a web framework written in Ruby. He also created Omarchy, a pre-configured version of Arch Linux catered towards developers. He is also a partner and chief technology officer at the web-based software development firm 37signals.

Hansson co-wrote Agile Web Development with Rails with Dave Thomas in 2005 as part of The Facets of Ruby Series. He also co-wrote Getting Real: The Smarter, Faster Easier Way to build a Web Application, Rework, Remote: Office Not Required, and It Doesn't Have to Be Crazy at Work with Jason Fried.

Chief technology officer
A chief technology officer (CTO), chief technical officer, or chief technologist is a corporate officer tasked with managing technical operations of an organization. They oversee and supervise research and development and serve as a technical advisor to a higher executive such as a chief executive officer.

A CTO is very similar to a chief information officer (CIO). CTOs will make decisions for the overarching technology infrastructure that closely align with the organization's goals, while CIOs work alongside the organization's information technology ("IT") staff members to perform everyday operations. The attributes of the roles a CTO holds vary from one company to another, mainly depending on their organizational structure.
1971–72 Honduran Segunda División
The 1971–72 Honduran Segunda División was the sixth season of the Honduran Segunda División.  Under the management of Alfonso Uclés, Universidad won the tournament after defeating C.D. Victoria in the final series and obtained promotion to the 1972–73 Honduran Liga Nacional.

1972–73 Honduran Liga Nacional
The 1972–73 Honduran Liga Nacional season was expected to be the 8th edition of the Honduran Liga Nacional.  However, on 12 August 1972, due to economic problems the tournament was cancelled after nine weeks completed.  It's unclear how Club Deportivo Olimpia and C.D.S. Vida obtained berths to the 1973 CONCACAF Champions' Cup.
Sataplia Strict Nature Reserve
Sataplia Strict Nature Reserve (Georgian: სათაფლიის სახელმწიფო ნაკრძალი) is located 10 km from town of Kutaisi in Imereti region of Georgia. The visitor center is located north from Kutaisi in the Tsqaltubo Municipality, near the village Banoja at the slopes of the extinct volcano Mount Sataplia. The name Sataplia can be freely translated as a "honey place" (In Georgian language თაფლი, tapli means honey) and in fact bees used to live in small holes and caves and honey was harvested by the local population.

Sataplia Strict Nature Reserve  is part of Imereti Caves Protected Areas, which also includes Sataplia Managed Reserve, Prometheus Cave Natural Monument.

Euxine–Colchic broadleaf forests
The Euxine–Colchic broadleaf forests is an ecoregion of temperate broadleaf and mixed forests along the southern shore of the Black Sea. The ecoregion extends along the thin coastal strip from the southeastern corner of Bulgaria in the west, across the northern coast of Turkey, to Georgia in the east, where it wraps around the eastern end of the Black Sea.
Michigan Womyn's Music Festival
The Michigan Womyn's Music Festival, often referred to as MWMF or Michfest, was a lesbian feminist women's music festival held annually from 1976 to 2015 in Oceana County, Michigan, on privately owned woodland northeast of Hart referred to as "The Land" by Michfest organizers and attendees. The event was built, staffed, run, and attended exclusively by women, with girls, young boys and toddlers permitted.

From 1991, the festival excluded trans women, adopting a "womyn-born womyn" policy, which drew increasing criticism. The festival was picketed by Camp Trans starting in the 1990s for its exclusionary policy. LGBTQ advocacy group Equality Michigan boycotted the event in 2014. Michfest drew criticism from the Human Rights Campaign, GLAAD, the National Center for Lesbian Rights, and the National LGBTQ Task Force, among others. The festival held its final event in August 2015.

GLAAD
GLAAD (/ɡlæd/) is an American non-governmental media monitoring organization. Originally founded as a protest against defamatory coverage of gay and lesbian demographics and their portrayals in the media and entertainment industries, it has since expanded to queer, bisexual, and transgender people.
Colmán Cass mac Fualascaig
Colman Cass mac Fualascaig, 10th Abbot of Clonmacnoise, died 665.

Colman was a member of the Corco Moga, as was the fifth abbot, To Lua Foto. The Chronicon Scotorum gives his term as one year and three days, while the Annals of Tigernach give it as one year.

Abbot of Clonmacnoise
The Abbot of Clonmacnoise was the monastic head of Clonmacnoise, a monastery situated in County Offaly in Ireland on the River Shannon south of Athlone. The abbots also bore the title "Comarba of Saint Ciarán", "successor of Saint Ciarán". The following is a list of abbots:
Chambo River
The Chambo River (Spanish: Río Chambo) is a tributary of the Pastaza River in the Amazon basin in Ecuador. The Chambo rises on the Central Cordillera. The Chambo runs across Chimborazo Province, and eventually joins with the Patate River in Tungurahua Province, near Tungurahua, just upstream from the town of Baños de Agua Santa north of the volcano Mount Tungurahua. Chambo, a town along its path, was named after the river.

Cordillera Real (Ecuador)
The Cordillera Real (also Cordillera of Quito, Cordillera Central of Ecuador) is a chain of mountains in the Andes of Ecuador, the largest of them volcanic. They are continued by the Cordillera Central of Peru to the south and the Cordillera Central of Colombia to the north. The Cordillera Real includes Antisana, Cotopaxi, and Cayambe, while Chimborazo is in the Cordillera Occidental.

The geology of the Cordillera Real includes metamorphic rock of sedimentary origin in addition to S-type granites dated to the early Mesozoic (>200 million years ago).
Eshay
Eshay (/ˈɛʃeɪ/) is a slang expression associated with an Australian urban youth subculture that originated from Sydney’s inner-south, predominantly the areas around Tempe, Sydenham and St Peters in the early 1990s (where a number of immigrants from England had settled and influenced the Australian youth culture), but was brought into the mainstream since the late 2010s and the 2020s.

In New Zealand, "hoodrats" are a similar subculture.

Subculture
In the sociology of culture, a subculture is a group of people within a cultural society that differentiates itself from the values of the mainstream or dominant culture (or superculture) to which it belongs, often maintaining some of its founding principles. Subcultures develop their own norms and values regarding cultural, political, and sexual matters. Subcultures coexist within mainstream society while keeping their specific characteristics intact.

Since its inception in the English-speaking world (primarily North America and the United Kingdom) during the 1940s–1950s, the concept and study of subcultures was developed in the academic fields of sociology, communication studies, and cultural studies. Examples of subcultures include punks, skinheads, Teddy Boys, mods, rockers, bikers, hip-hoppers, and more. Subcultures differ from countercultures.
Armenia at the 2024 Winter Youth Olympics
Armenia is scheduled to compete at the 2024 Winter Youth Olympics in Gangwon, South Korea, from January 19 to February 1, 2024. This will be Armenia's fourth appearance at the Winter Youth Olympic Games, having competed at every Games since the inaugural edition in 2012.

The Armenian team consisted of three athletes (two men and one woman) competing in two sports. Alpine skier Hakob Hakobyan was the country's flagbearer during the opening ceremony.

2024 Winter Youth Olympics
The 2024 Winter Youth Olympics (Korean: 2024년 동계 청소년 올림픽), officially known as the IV Winter Youth Olympic Games and commonly known as Gangwon 2024 (강원 2024), were a winter multi-sport event, cultural festival, and fourth edition of the Winter Youth Olympics held between 19 January and 1 February 2024 in Gangwon Province, South Korea.

That was the third time South Korea hosted the Olympic Games, after the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul and the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang, and the second time the country hosted the Winter games, after the 2018 Olympics. It was also the first Winter Youth Olympics held in Asia, as well as the third overall Youth Olympic Games in the continent, after the 2010 Olympics in Singapore and the 2014 Olympics in Nanjing, China (all Summer Games). It was also the final Youth Olympic Games under the IOC presidency of Thomas Bach.
Brilliance V5
The Brilliance V5 is a compact CUV produced by Brilliance Auto under the Zhonghua brand. The Brilliance V5 was unveiled on the 2011 Guangzhou Auto Show in China with prices ranging from 109,800 to 165,800 yuan.

The vehicle gained notoriety in Western car enthusiast circles for its decidedly Shanzhai exterior design, which is heavily, if not directly, copied off BMW X1 (E84), despite Brilliance also produced genuine X1 E84 (from 2016, F49) for Chinese markets through BMW Brilliance joint venture.

Auto Guangzhou
China (Guangzhou) International Automobile Exhibition (Chinese: 中国(广州)国际汽车展览会), also called Guangzhou International Motor Show (Chinese: 广州国际汽车展览会) or Auto Guangzhou (simplified Chinese: 广州汽车展; traditional Chinese: 廣州汽車展; pinyin: Guǎngzhōu qìchē zhǎn), is an auto show held by Guangzhou Zhanlian Exhibition Service Co., Ltd, in November and December every year in the Guangzhou International Convention and Exhibition Center, China. It is not a recognized international show by the Organisation Internationale des Constructeurs d'Automobiles.
June 1991 lunar eclipse
A penumbral lunar eclipse occurred at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit on Thursday, June 27, 1991, with an umbral magnitude of −0.7571. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A penumbral lunar eclipse occurs when part or all of the Moon's near side passes into the Earth's penumbra. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. Occurring only about 5 hours before apogee (on June 27, 1991, at 8:20 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was smaller.

This eclipse was the second of four lunar eclipses in 1991, with the others occurring on January 30 (penumbral), July 26 (penumbral), and December 21 (partial).

Magnitude of eclipse
The magnitude of eclipse is the fraction of the angular diameter of a celestial body being eclipsed. This applies to all celestial eclipses. The magnitude of a partial or annular solar eclipse is always between 0.0 and 1.0, while the magnitude of a total solar eclipse is always greater than or equal to 1.0, and has a theoretically maximum value of around 1.12.

This measure is strictly a ratio of diameters and should not be confused with the covered fraction of the apparent area (disk) of the eclipsed body. Neither should it be confused with the astronomical magnitude scale of apparent brightness.
Rhoda Haas Goldman
Rhoda Haas Goldman (September 20, 1924 – February 17, 1996) was an American billionaire in San Francisco, California. She was a member of the board of directors of Levi Strauss & Co. from 1985 until her death in 1996.

Levi Strauss & Co.
Levi Strauss & Co. (/ˈliːvaɪ ˈstraʊs/ LEE-vy STROWSS) is an American clothing company known worldwide for its Levi's (/ˈliːvaɪz/ LEE-vyze) brand of denim jeans. It was founded in May 1852 when German-Jewish immigrant Levi Strauss moved from Buttenheim, Bavaria, to San Francisco, California, to open a West Coast branch of his brothers' New York dry goods business. Although the corporation is registered in Delaware, the company's corporate headquarters is located in Levi's Plaza in San Francisco.