hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jacques Maurice Hatry
Jacques Maurice Hatry (French pronunciation: [ʒak mɔʁis atʁi]; Strasbourg, 12 February 1742 – Paris, 30 November 1802) was a French general.

A colonel on the outbreak of the French Revolution, he rose to général de division in 1794 and fought with distinction in the armée du Nord, des armée des Ardennes and Armée de la Moselle at the Battle of Fleurus and blockade of Luxembourg (where he forced a garrison of 12,000 men to surrender). In the armée de Sambre-et-Meuse, in the 1796 campaign, he was made général en chef of the armée de Mayence. In June  1798 he replaced general Joubert as commander of the troops stationed in the Netherlands. He was one of the first members of the Sénat conservateur in December 1799. His name is engraved on the north pillar, column 5, of the Arc de Triomphe.

Army of the Ardennes
The Army of the Ardennes (armée des Ardennes) was a French Revolutionary Army formed on the first of October 1792 by splitting off the right wing of the Army of the North, commanded from July to August that year by La Fayette. From July to September 1792 General Dumouriez also misused the name Army of the Ardennes for the right wing of what was left of the Army of the North after the split, encamped at Sedan and the name of Army of the North for the left flank of the army.

It was reorganized by a decree of the Conseil exécutif on the first of March 1793, leading to only the right flank of the army keeping the name of Army of the Ardennes. The first division of the Army of the Ardennes re-merged back into the Army of the North on 5 October 1793, at which date the rest of the Army of the Ardennes continued as the Army of the Ardennes until 29 June 1794, when it merged with the Army of the North's right wing and the Army of the Moselle's left wing to form the Army of Sambre-et-Meuse.
Rega, Buner
Rega is an administrative unit, known as Union council of Buner District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.

District Buner has 6 Tehsils i.e. Daggar, Chagharzai, Chamla, Khudu Khel, Gagra and Gadezai. Each tehsil comprises certain numbers of union councils. There are 27 union councils in Buner District.

Gagra
Gagra (Georgian: გაგრა; Abkhaz and Russian: Гагра) is a town in Abkhazia/Georgia, sprawling for 5 km on the northeast coast of the Black Sea, at the foot of the Caucasus Mountains. Its subtropical climate made Gagra a popular health resort since the Imperial Russian times.

It had a population of 26,636 in 1989, but this has declined considerably as a result of ethnic cleansing of Georgians in Abkhazia and other demographic shifts during and after the War in Abkhazia (1992–93).

Gagra is the center of the district of the same name. It is located in the western part of the region of Abkhazia, and the Psou River serves as the border with the Krasnodar Krai of Russia.
Book publishing in Pakistan
Book publishing in Pakistan refers to the production and distribution of books in the country’s major languages, including Urdu, English, Punjabi, Pashto, Sindhi, Balochi, and others. Pakistan has an active and diverse publishing sector encompassing literary, educational, religious, and academic works, with major publishing centers in cities such as Lahore, Karachi, and Islamabad. Reliable statistics on the number of books published annually in Pakistan are difficult to obtain, as legal deposit and ISBN registration are unevenly enforced and many regional-language and independent publications are not formally recorded. As a result, officially documented figures based on bibliographic records represent only a portion of total publishing activity, while media and industry estimates suggest that actual output may be substantially higher.

Bapsi Sidhwa
Bapsi Sidhwa (Urdu: بیپسی سدھوا; 11 August 1938 – 25 December 2024) was a Pakistani novelist who wrote in English and was resident in the United States.

Sidhwa was best known for her collaborative work with Indo-Canadian filmmaker Deepa Mehta: Sidhwa wrote both the 1991 novel Ice Candy Man which served as the basis for Mehta's 1998 film Earth as well as the 2006 novel Water: A Novel, on which Mehta's 2005 film Water is based. A documentary about Sidhwa's life called "Bapsi: Silences of My Life" was released on the official YouTube channel of " The Citizens Archive of Pakistan" on 28 October 2022 with the title " First Generation -Stories of partition: Bapsi Sidhwa".
Ravi Sood
Ravi Sood (born July 5, 1976) is a Canadian financier and venture capitalist. He was raised in Waterloo, Ontario, and resides in Hong Kong. He received a bachelor's degree in mathematics from the University of Waterloo. He is the co-founder and former CEO of Navina Asset Management and its predecessor company Lawrence Asset Management, which at its peak controlled over $800 million in assets globally.

Sood has also founded several businesses operating in emerging markets, including Buchanan Renewables Inc., Feronia Inc., Jade Power Trust, Abraxas Power Corp., and Golconda Gold.

Sood became well known in Canada as a regular TV personality and frequent guest host of the Business News Network's evening news programme Squeeze Play.  He is best known for commenting in the media on the income trust sector, global markets, natural resources and agriculture.

Investor
An investor is a person or entity that allocates financial capital with the expectation of a future return (profit) or to gain an advantage (interest). Through this allocated capital the investor usually purchases some species of property. Types of investments include equity, debt, securities, real estate, infrastructure, currency, commodity, token, derivatives such as put and call options, futures, forwards, etc. This definition makes no distinction between the investors in the primary and secondary markets.  That is, someone who provides a business with capital and someone who buys a stock are both investors.  An investor who owns stock is a shareholder.
Diospyros dichrophylla
Diospyros dichrophylla (Gand.) De Winter (known as the "poison star-apple" or "Bostolbos") is a Southern African tree belonging to the ebony family of Ebenaceae and closely related to the Persimmon (Diospyros kaki).

Ebenaceae
The Ebenaceae are a family of flowering plants belonging to order Ericales. The family includes ebony and persimmon among about 768 species of trees and shrubs. It is distributed across the tropical and warmer temperate regions of the world. It is most diverse in the rainforests of Malesia, India, Thailand, tropical Africa and tropical America.

Many species are valued for their wood, particularly ebony, for fruit, and as ornamental plants.
Kamal Ram
Kamal Ram, VC (17 December 1924 – 1 July 1982) was an Indian recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces. He was the first-youngest Indian recipient of the award.

Junior commissioned officer
Junior commissioned officer (JCO) is a group of military ranks which is higher than havildar (non-commissioned officer) and lower than lieutenant (commissioned officer). The term is only used by Nepal, Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan. Senior havildars are promoted to JCO rank on the basis of merit and seniority, restricted by the number of vacancies. JCOs are treated as a separate class and hold additional privileges. The term was primarily associated with armies; however, since the 2000s, India and Pakistan's navies and air forces have also used the term to indicate their chief petty officers and warrant officers.
Archdeacon of Blackburn
The Archdeacon of Blackburn is a senior ecclesiastical officer within the Diocese of Blackburn. Originally created on 17 August 1877 within the Diocese of Manchester, the office became a part of the new Diocese of Blackburn upon its creation on 12 November 1926.

As archdeacon she or he is responsible for the disciplinary supervision of the clergy within the seven area deaneries: Accrington, Blackburn with Darwen, Burnley, Chorley, Leyland, Pendle and Whalley.

Rural dean
In the Catholic Church and the Anglican Communion as well as some Lutheran denominations, a rural dean is a member of clergy who presides over a "rural deanery" (often referred to as a deanery); "ruridecanal" is the corresponding adjective.

The adjective rural does not mean the role is restricted to the countryside, but distinguishes them from the deans of cathedral chapters, which were historically in cities. In some Church of England dioceses rural deans have been formally renamed as area deans.
Babajide Sanwo-Olu
Babajide Olusola Sanwo-Olu CON  (born 25 June 1965) is a Nigerian politician who has served as the governor of Lagos State since 2019.

Sanwo-Olu became governor under the platform of the All Progressives Congress after winning the APC gubernatorial primaries against then-incumbent governor, Akinwunmi Ambode who had fallen out of favour with his alleged political sponsor. He is a graduate of the University of Lagos, London Business School, Lagos Business School and the John F. Kennedy School of Government.

Before his gubernatorial ambition, he was the managing director and CEO of Lagos State Property Development Corporation (LSPDC).

Order of the Niger
The Order of the Niger (OON) is the second highest national award in Nigeria. It was instituted in 1963 and is junior to the Order of the Federal Republic (OFR), the highest order of merit in the country.
Punt nua
Punt Nua (English: 'new pound'; sign: PN£) was a parody currency and internet meme devised by Irish graphic designer, Con Kennedy. First published on Twitter in early December 2011, within hours of publishing, the images became a viral phenomenon. Articles featuring the proposed designs for Punt Nua appeared in the Irish Independent and in the Carlow People. In the following days, several other Irish and international media outlets covered the proposed designs.

Graphic designer
A graphic designer is a practitioner who follows the discipline of graphic design, either within companies or organizations or independently. They are professionals in design and visual communication, with their primary focus on transforming linguistic messages into graphic manifestations, whether tangible or intangible. They are responsible for planning, designing, projecting, and conveying messages or ideas through visual communication. Graphic design is one of the most in-demand professions with significant job opportunities, as it allows leveraging technological advancements and working online from anywhere in the world.
Francois Simars de Bellisle
Francois Simars de Bellisle (c. 1695-1763) was a Frenchman who was shipwrecked on the Bolivar Peninsula, near present-day Galveston, Texas, in 1722.  He had been sailing for New Orleans.  He was captured by Akokisa natives, and had to subsist for some time on the land.  His documentation of this ordeal is considered the first account of the Akokisa tribe.

Bolivar Peninsula, Texas
Bolivar Peninsula (/ˈbɒlɪvər/ BOL-i-vər) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Galveston County, Texas, United States. The population was 2,769 at the 2020 census. The communities of Port Bolivar, Crystal Beach, Caplen, Gilchrist, and High Island are located on Bolivar Peninsula.
Naples metropolitan railway service
The Naples Metropolitan Railway Service (Italian: Servizio ferroviario metropolitano di Napoli), is a commuter rail system serving the metropolitan area of Naples, Italy. The system comprises 7 lines operated by Ente Autonomo Volturno and 1 line (Line 2) operated by Trenitalia, serving 129 stations.

Line 2 also has same regional extensions which reach Formia, Capua, Castellamare and Salerno.

Formia
Formia (ancient Formiae) is a city and comune in the province of Latina, on the Mediterranean coast of Lazio, Italy. It is located halfway between Rome and Naples, and lies on the Roman-era Appian Way.
Leicester Forest East
Leicester Forest East (LFE) is a large suburban village in Leicestershire, England, west of Leicester, straddling the M1 motorway. It is part of the Blaby district.

Leicester Forest East is a popular location among commuters and young families. It was developed primarily between 1920 and 1985, seeing major developments constructed along the Hinckley Road (A47) and to the south-east of the M1 throughout the 1930s. Large-scale housing developments took place in the 1960s, to the north-east and west of the M1 motorway. In the 1980s, a large housing project was constructed at the western edge of the settlement. The village takes its name from the ancient Leicester Forest. The streets through the housing developments to the north-east of the M1 take their names from Ann Packer and Robbie Brightwell, Olympic medalists in the 1964 Tokyo games.

M1 motorway
The M1 motorway connects London to Leeds, where it joins the A1(M) near Aberford, to connect to Newcastle. It was the first inter-urban motorway to be completed in the UK; the first motorway in the country was the Preston Bypass, which later became part of the M6.

The motorway is 193 miles (311 km) long and was constructed in four phases. Most of the motorway was opened between 1959 and 1968. The southern end was extended in 1977 and the northern end was extended in 1999.

It is also the second longest motorway in the country with the M6 motorway being the longest at 232 miles (373 km).
1983 Basildon District Council election
The 1983 Basildon District Council election took place on 5 May 1983 to elect members of Basildon District Council in Essex, England. This was on the same day as other local elections. The Labour Party retained control of the council, which it had won at the previous election in 1982.

Borough of Basildon
The Borough of Basildon is a local government district with borough status in Essex, England. It is named after its largest town, Basildon, where the council is based. The borough also includes the towns of Billericay and Wickford, and surrounding rural areas.

The borough borders the City of Chelmsford to the north, the Borough of Brentwood to the west, the Thurrock unitary authority area to the south, the Borough of Castle Point to the south-east, and Rochford District to the north-east.
Thyolo alethe
The Thyolo alethe or Cholo alethe (Chamaetylas choloensis) is an endangered species of bird in the Old World flycatcher family Muscicapidae. The Thyolo alethe is a medium-sized chat, usually measuring 17–20 cm in length and weighing around 43 grams. It has a cinnamon-brown head, upperparts, and wings, contrasting with the pure white throat and pale gray to dirty white underparts. The back, rump, and scapulars are rufous-brown. The tail is dark brown with white spots at the tips. The Thyolo alethe is only found on several isolated mountain peaks in southeastern Malawi and northeastern Mozambique. It was previously more widespread in both countries, but has had its range reduced due to the deforestation of many of the submontane forests it inhabits. It feeds on a variety of small invertebrates, including beetles, spiders, and Dorylus driver ants.

Mount Chiperone
Mount Chiperone is a mountain in northern Mozambique. It lies in Milange District of Zambézia Province, 40 km SSW of the town of Milange.

Mount Chiperone rises from the surrounding plains, 50 km south of the Mount Mulanje massif in southern Malawi. The plains to the north are part of the Central African Plateau, about 400–450 m altitude. The plains to the south are lower, 200–350 meters elevation, descending towards the Zambezi River. The valley of the Shire River, part of the African Rift Valley system, lies 35 km to the west.

About 100 square kilometers of the mountain lie above 600 meters elevation, with around 4915 hectares above 800 meters elevation, 2770 ha above 1000 meters, and only 110 ha over 1800 meters.
Radial artery puncture
Radial artery puncture is a medical procedure performed to obtain a sample of arterial blood for gas analysis. A needle is inserted into the radial artery and spontaneously fills with blood. The syringe is either prepacked with a small amount of heparin to prevent coagulation, or must be heparinised, by drawing up a small amount of heparin and squirting it out again.. The available evidence suggests that the use of local anaesthesia, prior to arterial puncture, does not reduce the perceived pain of the procedure.

Medical procedure
A medical procedure is a course of action intended to achieve a result in the delivery of healthcare.

A medical procedure with the intention of determining, measuring, or diagnosing a patient condition or parameter is also called a medical test. Other common kinds of procedures are therapeutic (i.e., intended to treat, cure, or restore function or structure), such as surgical and physical rehabilitation procedures.
Peraethus
In Greek mythology, Peraethus (Ancient Greek: Περαιθεῖς means 'light up, kindle') was an Arcadian prince as one of the 50 sons of the impious King Lycaon either by the naiad Cyllene, Nonacris or by unknown woman. He was the reputed eponymous founder of the Arcadian town of Peraethenses.

Peraetheis
Peraetheis or Peraitheis (Ancient Greek: Περαιθεῖς), or Peraethea or Peraithea, was a town in ancient Arcadia, in the district Maenalia on the river Elaphus.

Its site is located near the modern Arachamites.
Henry Ward Beecher Warner
Henry Ward Beecher Warner (April 8, 1874 – September 2, 1953) was a merchant, lumberman, and political figure in Nova Scotia, Canada. He represented Digby County in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1916 to 1925 as a Liberal member. He was a municipal councilor for the Municipality of Digby. Warner died in 1953 in Barton, Nova Scotia. He was elected in the 1916 and the 1920 Nova Scotia general elections, and was unsuccessful in the 1925 election.

Barton, Nova Scotia
Barton is a community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in the District of Clare in Digby County. The village is named after the loyalist Lieutenant Colonel Joseph Barton of a New Jersey Volunteer Regiment.
Oliver Goss
Oliver Goss (born 12 April 1994) is an Australian professional golfer. He is from Fremantle, Western Australia.

Goss won the 2012 John Hughes Geely Nexus Risk Services Western Australia Open Championship on the PGA Tour of Australasia while still an amateur.

Goss was runner-up in the 2013 U.S. Amateur. He was the only amateur golfer to make the cut at the 2014 Masters Tournament and thus received low amateur honors.

Goss turned professional after the 2014 U.S. Open and made his professional debut at the next week's Travelers Championship.

U.S. Amateur
The United States Amateur Championship, commonly known as the U.S. Amateur, is the leading annual golf tournament in the United States for amateur golfers. It is organized by the United States Golf Association and is currently held each August over a 7-day period.
Beverly, Alberta
Beverly is a former urban municipality within the Edmonton Capital Region of Alberta, Canada. Beverly was incorporated as a village on March 22, 1913 and became the Town of Beverly on July 13, 1914. It later amalgamated with the City of Edmonton on December 30, 1961. The population of Beverly was 8,969 at the time of amalgamation.

Now located within northeast Edmonton, Beverly was a coal mining community that overlooked the North Saskatchewan River valley. During the first half of the twentieth century, more than 20 coal mines were active in and around the town. The larger mines provided much of the town's employment.

North Saskatchewan River
The North Saskatchewan River is a glacier-fed river that flows from the Canadian Rockies continental divide east to central Saskatchewan, where it joins with the South Saskatchewan River to make up the Saskatchewan River. Its water flows into the Hudson Bay via Lake Winnipeg and the Nelson River.

The Saskatchewan River system is the largest shared between the Canadian provinces of Alberta and Saskatchewan. Its watershed includes most of southern and central Alberta and Saskatchewan.
Pęciszewo
Pęciszewo [pɛnt͡ɕiˈʂɛvɔ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Braniewo, within Braniewo County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia. It lies approximately 11 km (7 mi) east of Braniewo and 78 km (48 mi) north-west of the regional capital Olsztyn.

Braniewo County
Braniewo County (Polish: powiat braniewski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, northern Poland, on the border with Russia. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Braniewo, which lies 80 kilometres (50 mi) north-west of the regional capital Olsztyn. The county also contains the towns of Pieniężno, lying 27 km (17 mi) south-east of Braniewo, and Frombork, 11 km (7 mi) west of Braniewo.

The county covers an area of 1,204.54 square kilometres (465.1 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 41,223, out of which the population of Braniewo is 17,875, that of Pieniężno is 2,271, that of Frombork is 2,332, and the rural population is 19,130.
William Thomas (Gwilym Marles)
William Thomas (1834 – 11 December 1879), better known by his bardic name of Gwilym Marles, was a Welsh minister and poet, and the great-uncle of Dylan Thomas. Dylan was given his middle name, "Marlais", in honour of William Thomas, who is also believed to have inspired the character of Rev. Eli Jenkins in the play Under Milk Wood.

Under Milk Wood
Under Milk Wood is a 1954 radio drama by Welsh poet Dylan Thomas. The BBC commissioned the play, which was later adapted for the stage. The first public reading was in New York City in 1953.

A film version of the same name, directed by Andrew Sinclair, was released in 1972. A second adaptation of the play, directed by Pip Broughton, was staged for television in 2014 for the 60th anniversary of the piece.

An omniscient narrator invites the audience to listen to the dreams and innermost thoughts of the inhabitants of the fictional small Welsh fishing town, Llareggub, (buggerall spelt backwards).

They include Mrs. Ogmore-Pritchard, relentlessly nagging her two dead husbands; Captain Cat, reliving his seafaring times; the two Mrs. Dai Breads; Organ Morgan, obsessed with his music; and Polly Garter, pining for her dead lover. Later, the town awakens, and, aware now of how their feelings affect whatever they do, we watch them go about their daily business.
Camp Gannon
Camp Gannon was a United States Marine Corps installation in Al Anbar province, Iraq.

Situated near the border between Iraq and Syria, Camp Gannon is an abandoned warehouse complex in Husaybah, an area traditionally used by smugglers between the two countries.

In April 2005, 3rd Battalion 2nd Marines India Company repelled an organized attack of Iraqi insurgents (estimated numbers between 40 and 100) driving several vehicles full of gunmen, utilizing three explosive devices and the use of a fire truck as an attack vehicle.

The camp was named in honor of Major Richard J. Gannon, commanding officer of Lima Company, 3rd Battalion, 7th Marines. Major Gannon was awarded the Silver Star after being killed in action on April 17, 2004, attempting to save three members of his company.

Iraq–Syria border
The Iraqi–Syrian border is the border between Syria and Iraq and runs for a total length of 599 km (372 mi) across Upper Mesopotamia and the Syrian desert, from the tripoint with Jordan in the south-west to the tripoint with Turkey in the north-east.