hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vietnamese Americans in Boston
There is a large Vietnamese American population in Boston. As of 2012, Boston has the largest group of ethnic Vietnamese in Massachusetts. Other groups of Vietnamese are in Braintree, Chelsea, Everett, Lynn, Malden, Medford, Quincy, Randolph, Revere, and Weymouth. Vietnamese also live in more distant cities in the Boston combined statistical area and the area around Boston: Attleboro, Brockton, Fall River, Haverhill, Methuen, Lowell and Worcester.

Vietnamese Americans
Vietnamese Americans (Vietnamese: Người Mỹ gốc Việt, Vietnamese pronunciation: [ŋɯəj˨˩ mi˦ˀ˥ ɣŏk˧˦ viət̚˧˨ʔ~ziət̚˧˨ʔ]) are Americans of Vietnamese ancestry. They constitute a major part of all overseas Vietnamese. As of 2023, over 2.3 million people of Vietnamese descent live in the United States, making them the fourth largest Asian American ethnic group. The majority (60%) are immigrants, while 40% were born in the United States. The number includes people of other ethnicities such as Montagnards, Tais, Chams, or Hoa Chinese.

The Vietnamese American population grew significantly after 1975, when a large wave of South Vietnamese refugees arrived in the U.S. following the end of the Vietnam War. Today, over half of Vietnamese-Americans reside in California and Texas, particularly in metropolitan areas like Los Angeles, Houston, and San Jose.
AIST
AIST, Aist, or variant, can refer to:

AIST

African Institute of Science and Technology

Nelson Mandela African Institute of Science and Technology

National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, one of the biggest research institutions in Japan

Association for Iron and Steel Technology, the main group for ferrous metallurgists in the United States

AgInSbTe alloy used in rewritable CDs

Aist, Upper Austria

Aist (river), in Austria

Wartberg ob der Aist, a town on the river Aist

Aist parish (Gemeinde) in Naarn im Machlande on the river Aist

Dietmar von Aist, 12th century minnesinger from the region of the Aist river

Aist, Russian for "stork"

Aist Bicycles, Belarusian bicycle company

Aist-class LCAC, assault hovercraft operated by the Soviet and Russian Navy

Khrunichev T-411 Aist, Russian light utility monoplane

Aist 1, a small satellite

Aist, a Belarusian cruise missile

Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology
The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (abbreviated as NM-AIST) is a public institution located in Arusha, a city in northern Tanzania. It forms a part of the network of Pan-African Institutes of Science and Technology spread across the continent.

The NM-AIST Arusha is accredited by the Tanzania Commission for Universities (TCU) and is actively being developed as a research-intensive institution focused on postgraduate and postdoctoral studies and research in Science, Engineering, and Technology (SET).
Magdalena Jetelová
Magdalena Jetelová (born 4 June 1946) is a Czech installation artist and land artist, who has achieved international acclaim. Known mainly for her environmental installation works, Jetelová combines light, architecture, photography, sculpture, and installation to explore the relationship between humans, objects, and space. Her work has been exhibited in various prominent galleries internationally such as Museu d'Art Contemporani de Barcelona, Tate Gallery London, Museum of Modern Art, 21er Haus, and the Martin-Gropius-Bau. Her work is also in the collection of Hirshhorn Museum, the Centre Pompidou, and the Museum Ludwig.

Tate Britain
Tate Britain, known from 1897 to 1932 as the National Gallery of British Art and from 1932 to 2000 as the Tate Gallery, is an art museum on Millbank in the City of Westminster in London, England. It is part of the Tate network of galleries in England, with Tate Modern, Tate Liverpool and Tate St Ives. Founded by Sir Henry Tate, it houses a substantial collection of the art of the United Kingdom since Tudor times, and in particular has large holdings of the works of J. M. W. Turner, who bequeathed all his own collection to the nation. It is one of the largest museums in the country. In 2021, it ranked 50th on the list of most-visited art museums in the world.
Leo Balayon III
Leopoldo Balayon III is a Filipino college basketball coach and athletic director in the United States. After a brief haitus, Balayon recently returned to Bethesda University and resumed his tenure as director of athletics while taking a break from coaching men's basketball. Prior to this Balayon founded the athletics program at Stanton University in Garden Grove, California. He also briefly served as athletic director and head men's basketball coach there. During his first tenure at Bethesda University, Balayon served as the director of athletics and men's basketball coach. Balayon is the first individual, born and raised, in the Philippines to become a college head men's basketball coach in the United States. He is also the only head men's basketball coach in college basketball history to lead a non-NCAA/NAIA program to two upset victories against an NCAA Division I opponent.

Garden Grove, California
Garden Grove is a city in northern Orange County, California, United States. The population was 171,949 at the 2020 census. State Route 22, also known as the Garden Grove Freeway, passes through the city in an east–west direction. The western portion of the city is known as West Garden Grove.
2022 Europe's Strongest Man
The 2022 Europe's Strongest Man was a strongman competition that took place in Leeds, England on 2 April 2022 at the First Direct Arena. This event was part of the 2022 Giants live tour.

Oleksii Novikov won the competition to win his second Europe's Strongest Man title.

Giants Live
Giants Live is a professional strongman tour which was originated in the United Kingdom. It hosts several prominent competitions each year, including national competitions such as Britain's Strongest Man, international competitions such as Europe's Strongest Man and single-lift competitions such as The World Deadlift Championships and The World Log Lift Championships. Since its beginning in 2009, each Giants Live show has served as a qualifier for the next year's World's Strongest Man, with the podium finishers from each show earning a spot in the competition.

With 10 wins, Hafþór Júlíus Björnsson holds the most Giants Live wins in history. Evan Singleton and Žydrūnas Savickas share second place with 6 wins each.
William Sidebottom (Australian politician)
William Sidebottom (5 February 1836 – 28 June 1932) was an Australian politician.

Sidebottom was born in Evandale in Tasmania in 1836. In 1885 he was elected to the Tasmanian House of Assembly, representing the seat of Selby. He served until 1893. He died in 1932 in Launceston.

Electoral district of Selby
The Electoral district of Selby was a single-member electoral district of the Tasmanian House of Assembly. It centred on the town of Lilydale in Tasmania's northeastern region, and extended into what are today considered Launceston's outer eastern suburbs.

The seat was created ahead of the Assembly's first election held in 1856. The east and northeast of the electorate became part of the new seat of Ringarooma at the 1886 election. The seat was abolished at the 1903 election, when it merged with the neighbouring seat of Evandale to form the new seat of North Esk.
Mika Hilander
Mika Hilander (born 17 August 1983) is a Finnish former football player who played as a goalkeeper.

He has played for Tampere United, KuPS, Ilves and FC Haka in Veikkausliiga, and for NoPS, PP-70 and TPV in lower divisions.

Tampereen Peli-Pojat-70
Tampereen Peli-Pojat-70 (abbreviated PP-70) is a football club from Tampere, Finland that was established in 1970. PP-70 currently plays in Kutonen with its home venue at the Ikurin Virelä (Ikuri Sports Field).
Mega Dragon and Tiger
Mega Dragon and Tiger (traditional Chinese: 龍虎５世; simplified Chinese: 龙虎５世; pinyin: Lóng hǔ 5 shì) is a manhua graphic novel series by Wong Yuk-Long. The series was translated then published under one American distributor's (then) for Asian comics, ComicsOne, lost for 2005. With the first volume in English being releashed 2002. Whereas the original had been releashed in Hong Kong under Jade Dynasty Publications Limited in 1995.

The story is set in a futuristic post-apocalyptic world, where individuals compete in a gladiatorial event called the "Best of The Best Championships" to obtain eternal glory. Mega Dragon and Tiger like its name suggests, focuses on the two main characters in the story, Dragon and Tiger.

Manhua
Manhua (traditional Chinese: 漫畫; simplified Chinese: 漫画; pinyin: mànhuà) are Chinese-language comics produced in Greater China. Chinese comics and narrated illustrations have existed in China throughout its history.

They are usually graphic and can be written for a myriad of genres, including romance, fantasy, historical, thrillers, paranormal, and horror. The narratives are varied but often include tropes and plots common to Asian culture and settings.

The first major manhua magazine, Shanghai Sketch, first published in 1928. During the early 20th century, political manhua  were printed as propaganda during times of political upheaval. At the start of the 21st century, Chinese cartoonists began to publish manhua through social media and microblogging websites.
Parareal
Parareal is a parallel algorithm from numerical analysis and used for the solution of initial value problems.
It was introduced in 2001 by Lions, Maday and Turinici. Since then, it has become one of the most widely studied parallel-in-time integration methods.

Jacques-Louis Lions
Jacques-Louis Lions (French: [ʒak lwi ljɔ̃ːs]; 2 May 1928 – 17 May 2001) was a French mathematician who made contributions to the theory of partial differential equations and to stochastic control, among other areas.  He received the SIAM's John von Neumann Lecture prize in 1986 and numerous other distinctions. Lions is listed as an ISI highly cited researcher.

He has successively taught at several universities, including the prestigious École Polytechnique and Collège de France. He is also the father of mathematician Pierre-Louis Lions, a professor at the Collège de France and recipient of the Fields Medal in 1994.
Czermin, Podkarpackie Voivodeship
Czermin [ˈt͡ʂɛrmin] is a village in Mielec County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Czermin.

The village was first mentioned in 1190. After the First Partition of Poland in a part of the village, in the course of Josephine colonization, ethnic Germans, dominationally mixed (Roman Catholic, Lutheran and Calvinist) settled here in 1783.

Mielec County
Mielec County (Polish: powiat mielecki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Subcarpathian Voivodeship, south-eastern Poland. Its administrative seat and largest town is Mielec, which lies 50 kilometres (31 mi) north-west of the regional capital Rzeszów. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. The only other towns in the county are Radomyśl Wielki, lying 16 km (10 mi) south-west of Mielec, and Przecław, 11 km (7 mi) south of Mielec.

The county covers an area of 880.21 square kilometres (339.9 sq mi). As of 30 VI 2019 its total population was 136,591, out of which the population of Mielec was 60,366, that of Radomyśl Wielki 3,231, and the rural population 72,994 (including approximately 1775 for the population of Przecław, which became a town in 2010).
Black Tar Heroin (film)
Black Tar Heroin: The Dark End of the Street is a 1999 television documentary film directed by Steven Okazaki. Filmed from 1995 to 1998 in the Tenderloin, San Francisco, California, the documentary describes the lives of heroin addicts.

Steven Okazaki
Steven Okazaki (born March 12, 1952) is an American documentary filmmaker known for his raw, cinéma vérité-style documentaries that frequently show ordinary people dealing with extraordinary circumstances. He has received a Peabody Award, a Primetime Emmy and has been nominated for four Academy Awards, winning an Oscar for the documentary short subject, Days of Waiting: The Life & Art of Estelle Ishigo.
Horenbout
Horenbout or Hornebolt is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Gerard Horenbout (c.1465–c.1541), Flemish miniaturist

Lucas Horenbout (c.1490/1495–1544), Flemish artist

Susannah Horenbout (1503–c.1554), English artist

Lucas Horenbout
Lucas Horenbout, often called Hornebolte in England (c. 1490/1495 – 1544), was a Flemish artist who moved to England in the mid-1520s and worked there as "King's Painter" and court miniaturist to King Henry VIII from 1525 until his death.  He was trained in the final phase of Netherlandish illuminated manuscript painting, in which his father Gerard was an important figure, and was the founding painter of the long and distinct English tradition of portrait miniature painting.  He has been suggested as the Master of the Cast Shadow Workshop, who produced royal portraits on panel in the 1520s or 1530s.
1992 Cambridge City Council election
The 1992 Cambridge City Council election took place on 7 May 1992 to elect members of Cambridge City Council in Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, England. This was on the same day as other local elections across England.

1992 United Kingdom local elections
The 1992 United Kingdom local elections were held on Thursday 7 May 1992, one month after the 1992 general election which returned the governing Conservative Party for a fourth consecutive term in office. The Conservatives won back some ground that they had lost the previous year.

The Conservative Party gained 303 seats, bringing their number of councillors to 8,288. Their share of the vote was projected to be 46%, their highest for many years.

The main opposition Labour Party lost 402 seats and were left with 9,102 councillors.  Their projected share of the vote was 30%, their lowest since 1982. Neil Kinnock was still party leader at this stage, although he had already declared his intention to resign from the position as soon as a new leader was elected; his successor was John Smith, who won the leadership contest against Bryan Gould on 18 July 1992.

The Liberal Democrats gained 56 seats and had 3,728 councillors after the elections.
Steven Carstairs
Lindsay Steven Carstairs FRCR (1919–1998) was a Scottish radiologist. Born in Glasgow, he served in the Royal Army Medical Corps during the Second World War and was present at the D-Day landings. He was associated with the Royal Northern Hospital for most of his career where he became a consultant radiologist. He was a fellow of the British Medical Association and, in retirement, curator of the museum of the Royal College of Radiologists.

Royal Northern Hospital
The Royal Northern Hospital was a general hospital on Holloway Road, London N7, near Tollington Way. It had inpatient, outpatient, accident and emergency facilities and was also a centre for postgraduate medical education and nurse education.
Mialet
Mialet is the name or part of the name of several communes in France:

Mialet, in the Dordogne department

Mialet, in the Gard department

Mialet, former commune of the Lot department, now part of Saint-Bressou

Lot (department)
Lot (French pronunciation: [lɔt]; Occitan: Òlt [ɔl]) is a department in the Occitanie region of France. Named after the Lot River, it lies in the southwestern part of the country and had a population of 174,094 in 2019. Its prefecture is Cahors; its subprefectures are Figeac and Gourdon.
Electoral district of West Sydney
West Sydney was an electoral district for the Legislative Assembly in the Australian State of New South Wales created in 1859 from part of the electoral district of Sydney, covering the western part of the current Sydney central business district, Ultimo and Pyrmont, bordered by George Street, Broadway, Bay Street and Wentworth Park. It elected four members simultaneously, with voters casting four votes and the first four candidates being elected. For the 1894 election, it was replaced by the single-member electorates of Sydney-Gipps, Sydney-Lang, Sydney-Denison and Sydney-Pyrmont.

Broadway, Sydney
Broadway is a 700-metre (2,300 ft) road in inner city Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. The road constitutes the border between the suburbs of Ultimo (to the north) and Chippendale (to the south). Broadway is also an urban locality.

Broadway connects the south end of George Street where it terminates at the junction with Harris and Regent streets, and runs west to the junction of Parramatta Road and City Road at Victoria Park. Broadway and Parramatta Road are part of the Great Western Highway.
Pak Noja
Vladimir Tikhonov (Russian: Влади́мир Миха́йлович Ти́хонов, romanized: Vladimir Mikhaylovich Tikhonov; born on February 5, 1973), known mainly by his Korean art name Pak Noja (Korean: 박노자), is a Russian and Korean activist, historian, Koreanist, and writer.

Art name
An art name (pseudonym or pen name), also known by its native names hào (in Mandarin Chinese), gō (in Japanese), ho (in Korean), and tên hiệu (in Vietnamese), is a professional name used by artists, poets and writers in the Sinosphere. The word and the concept originated in China, where it was used as nicknames for the educated, then became popular in other East Asian countries (especially in Japan, Korea, Vietnam, and the former Kingdom of Ryukyu).

In some cases, artists adopted different pseudonyms at different stages of their career, usually to mark significant changes in their life. Extreme practitioners of this tendency were Tang Yin of the Ming dynasty, who had more than ten hao, Hokusai of Japan, who in the period 1798 to 1806 alone used no fewer than six, and Kim Chŏnghŭi of the Joseon Dynasty who had up to 503.
Howard W. Hunter Law Library
The Howard W. Hunter Law Library (BYU Law Library) is the library of the J. Reuben Clark Law School at Brigham Young University (BYU) in Provo, Utah.

It was named for Howard W. Hunter, the 14th President of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, who had been a lawyer in the Los Angeles area before he was called as a member of the Quorum of the Twelve.

Provo, Utah
Provo (/ˈproʊ.voʊ/ PROH-voh) is a city in and the county seat of Utah County, Utah, United States. It is 43 miles (69 km) south of Salt Lake City along the Wasatch Front, and lies between the cities of Orem to the north and Springville to the south. With a population at the 2020 census of 115,162, Provo is the fourth-largest city in Utah and the principal city in the Provo-Orem metropolitan area, which had a population of 526,810 at the 2010 census. It is Utah's second-largest metropolitan area after Salt Lake City.

Provo is the home to Brigham Young University (BYU), a private higher education institution operated by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). Provo also has the LDS Church's largest Missionary Training Center (MTC). The city is a focus area for technology development in Utah, with several billion-dollar startups. The city's Peaks Ice Arena was a venue for the Salt Lake City Winter Olympics in 2002.
Alexander Shaw (Canadian politician)
Alexander Shaw (January 13, 1833 – April 21, 1911) was a Canadian lawyer and political figure. He represented Bruce South in the House of Commons of Canada as a Liberal-Conservative member from 1878 to 1882.

He was born in Ramsay Township, Upper Canada in 1833, the son of John Shaw. He was educated in Perth and studied law there. In 1853, he moved to Bruce County and settled at Kincardine. Shaw married Anna Robertson. He later moved to Walkerton and became solicitor for the county in 1867. He also served as mayor of Walkerton. Shaw defeated Edward Blake in Bruce South in the general election of 1878; he ran unsuccessfully against Rupert Mearse Wells in the riding of Bruce East in 1882.

His brother William McNairn Shaw was also a lawyer and served in the Ontario legislative assembly.

Walkerton, Ontario
Walkerton is a town in the municipality of Brockton, Bruce County, Ontario, Canada. It is the site of Brockton's municipal offices and is the county seat. Walkerton is located on the Saugeen River, at the junction of Highway 9 and the former Provincial Highway 4 and is 75 kilometres (47 mi) southwest of Owen Sound. As of 2021, the town had 4,724 people in the community.

On January 1, 1999, Walkerton became part of the Municipality of Brockton. The town is notable for the 2000 Walkerton E. coli outbreak.
Circlotron
Circlotron valve amplifier is a type of power amplifier utilizing symmetrical cathode-coupled bridge layout of the output stage. Original circlotrons of 1950s used output transformers to couple relatively high output impedance of vacuum tubes to low-impedance loudspeakers. Circlotron architecture, easily scalable, was eventually adapted to operate without output transformers, and present-day commercially produced circlotron models are of output transformerless (OTL) type.

Bridged and paralleled amplifiers
Multiple electronic amplifiers can be connected such that they drive a single floating load (bridge) or a single common load (parallel), to increase the amount of power available in different situations.  This is commonly encountered in audio applications.
Düzgün
Düzgün ([dyzɡyn], literally "smooth", "pleasant", "delightful") is a rather rare Turkish surname and to a still lesser extent also a male given name that is most popular among the Alevi Zaza Kurds in the eastern Tunceli Province also known as Dersim, where it is given in reverence to the local mythological character Düzgün Baba.

Duzgin Bawo
Duzgin Baba (Zazaki: Duzgin Baba or dial. Duzgın Bava, also Kemerê Duzgıni "the rock of Duzgın", Kurdish: Duzgin Baba, دوزگن بابا) is a religious figure among Alevi Kurds, especially in the Tunceli Province. He also symbolizes a mountain in Nazımiye, nearby the village Qil. The people believe that he disappeared at the top of this mountain, which is known as Kemerê Duzgıni (the rock of Duzgın), Bimbarek (holy) or Kemerê Bımbareki (holy rock) in Zazaki. According to local narrations he is the son of sayyid Kures/Kureş who was an ancestor of Kureşan community and his real name is not Duzgın, it is Haydar or Shah Haydar (Zaz. Sa Heyder). But some researches suggest the opposite of this view.
Dùn Galláin
Dùn Galláin (English: Fort of the Strangers) is a promontory fort located on the Inner Hebridean island of Colonsay, Scotland. The site is located at grid reference NR34869314.

The fort overlooks the natural harbours of Tobar Fuar and Port Lobh. A battle between the islands inhabitants and invaders at Traigh an Tobair Fhuair took place to the north of Dùn Galláin.

Promontory fort
A promontory fort is a defensive structure located above a steep cliff, often only connected to the mainland by a small neck of land, thus using the topography to reduce the ramparts needed.

The oldest known promontory fort is Amnya I in Siberia which was established as a fortified site in the late 7th millennium BC. Although their dating is problematic, most seem to date to the Iron Age. They are mainly found in Ireland, Brittany, the Orkney Islands, the Isle of Man, Devon, the Channel Islands and Cornwall.
Aker Peaks
Aker Peaks, also known as Akar Peaks or Aker Range, are a series of mainly snow-covered peaks, the highest at 1,800 metres (5,900 ft), extending 9 miles (14 km) in a northwest–southeast direction. They rise 4 miles (6 km) west of Nicholas Range and 30 miles (50 km) west-northwest of Edward VIII Bay. They were discovered on January 14, 1931, by a Norwegian whaling expedition under O. Borchgrevink, who named them after the farm of Director Svend Foyn Bruun, Sr. of the Antarctic Whaling Company at Tønsberg.

Svend Foyn Bruun Sr.
Svend Foyn Bruun Sr. (1 December 1883 – 31 May 1956) was a Norwegian naval officer, ship-owner and whaler, and politician for the Conservative Party. He ran the company Bruun & von der Lippe from 1919 to 1945, co-founded Kosmos and was a four-term member of the Parliament of Norway.