hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Menno van Coehoorn
Menno, Baron van Coehoorn, March 1641 to 17 March 1704, was a Dutch States Army officer and engineer, regarded as one of the most significant figures in Dutch military history. In an era when siege warfare dominated military campaigns, he and his French counterpart Vauban were the acknowledged experts in designing, taking and defending fortifications.

Both had their advocates; Vauban's maxim of 'more powder, less blood' also took longer, an important consideration when most military deaths occurred from disease. He is also viewed as more innovative in the design and extent of his fortifications, which included ports, waterways, roads and even town layouts.

However, unlike Vauban, Van Coehoorn had limited financial resources. He showed great skill in maximising these, while adapting to the specific challenges posed by the flat terrain in the Netherlands. Some of his water defences and designs were still being used in the 1950s.

Nijmegen
Nijmegen (/ˈnaɪmeɪɡən/ NY-may-gən, Dutch: [ˈnɛimeːɣə(n)] ⓘ; Nijmeegs: Nimwèège [ˈnɪmβ̞ɛːçə]) is the largest city in the Dutch province of Gelderland and the ninth largest of the Netherlands as a whole. Located on the Waal River close to the German border, Nijmegen is one of the oldest cities in the Netherlands and the first to be recognized as such in Roman times. In 2005, it celebrated 2,000 years of existence.

Nijmegen became a free imperial city in 1230 and a Hanseatic city in 1402. Since 1923 it has been a university city with the opening of a Catholic institution now known as the Radboud University Nijmegen. The city is well known for the annual Vierdaagse — the International Four Days Marches Nijmegen event.

Its population as of 2024 was 187,011.
Jason Domino
Jason Domino is a British sexual health and wellbeing advocate, sex work activist and porn star. He has demonstrate the efficacy of PrEP on film: by not acquiring HIV during condom-less sex with a person living with HIV with a high viral load.

Pre-exposure prophylaxis
Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is the use of medications to prevent the spread of disease in people who have not yet been exposed to a disease-causing agent. Vaccination is the most commonly used form of pre-exposure prophylaxis; other forms of pre-exposure prophylaxis generally involve drug treatment, known as chemoprophylaxis.  Examples include taking medication to prevent infection by malaria or HIV. In particular, the term PrEP is now synonymous in popular usage with the use of pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention.

In general, the use of pre-exposure prophylaxis requires balancing the risks of the treatment (e.g., side effects from a drug) to healthy individuals with the risk of the disease.

It is contrasted with post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP), which is used once the patient has already been exposed to the infectious agent.
Narcissus and Psyche
Narcissus and Psyche (Hungarian: Nárcisz és Psyché) is a 1980 Hungarian drama film directed by Gábor Bódy. It was adapted for the screen by Vilmos Csaplar from a Sándor Weöres novel. The film stars Patricia Adriani, Udo Kier, György Cserhalmi, János Derzsi, Miklós Erdély, János Pilinszky and other notable artists of the day. Art director, designer of this movie was Gábor Bachman. The soundtrack was partly composed, partly arranged and distorted from various classical scores by László Vidovszky.

János Derzsi
János Derzsi (born 20 April 1954 in Nyírábrány) is a Hungarian actor. He has appeared in more than eighty films since 1979. He is probably best known for his collaborations with director Béla Tarr, having appeared in six of Tarr's films between 1982 and 2011.
Iamhere (social movement)
#iamhere, also spelt #IAmHere, is a social movement that uses counter-speech to counter hate speech and misinformation on social media, mainly Facebook. It began as a Swedish Facebook group called #jagärhär, and the umbrella organisation for the movement is iamhere international (I Am Here International), is headquartered in Sweden. Each affiliate is named in the language of the country, such as #IchBinHier in Germany, and followed by the country name when in English, such as #iamhere India.

As of 2021 there are over 150,000 members of the affiliated groups, which span 19 countries across Europe, North America, Asia and Australasia. It is described in a July 2021 study published by Facebook as "the world’s largest, citizen-driven, anti-online-hate movement".

Facebook real-name policy controversy
The Facebook real-name policy controversy is a controversy over social networking site Facebook's real-name system, which requires that a person use their legal name when they register an account and configure their user profile. The controversy stems from claims by some users that they are being penalized by Facebook for using their real names, and have suffered adverse consequences as a result.  For example, Facebook's naming policies prohibit names that Facebook judges to have too many words, too many capital letters, or first names that consist of initials.  Facebook's monitoring software detects and suspends such accounts. These policies prevent some users from having a Facebook account and profile with their real name.

As part of their complaint, those who cannot use their real names point out that millions of Facebook accounts use fake yet plausible-sounding names, and even fake and obviously implausible names, because Facebook's software fails to recognize them.
Walton Summit
Walton Summit is an industrial area between Clayton Brook and Bamber Bridge, near Preston in Lancashire, England. It is in the South Ribble district. It is near the M61, M65 and M6 motorways and has a short length of single carriageway motorway from the M65/M61 roundabout. Walton Summit also includes the smaller area of Seed Lee.

M61 motorway
The M61 is a motorway in North West England between Manchester and Preston, linking the M60 Manchester orbital motorway with the M6 motorway.

It runs from the A580 near Wardley and heads northwest past Bolton, Horwich and Chorley to join the M6 near Bamber Bridge, just north of the junction between the M6 and M65. It runs parallel to the A6, to its northeast, for the entirety of its length, essentially bypassing the towns and villages the A6 runs through between Manchester and Preston.
Keith Mustow
Keith Robert Mustow (born 26 November 1972) is a former English cricketer.  Mustow was a left-handed batsman.  He was born in Cirencester, Gloucestershire.

Mustow made his debut for Oxfordshire in the 1995 Minor Counties Championship against Devon.  Mustow played Minor counties cricket for Oxfordshire from 1995 to 2006, which included 43 Minor Counties Championship matches and 19 MCCA Knockout Trophy matches. He made his List A debut against Lancashire in the 1996 NatWest Trophy.  He played 3 further List A matches, the last coming against Shropshire in the 2nd round of the 2002 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy which was held in 2001. In his 4 List A matches he scored 29 runs at a batting average of 7.25, with a high score of 13.

He has previously played for the Gloucestershire Second XI.

Cirencester
Cirencester (/ˈsaɪ(ə)rənˌsɛstə/ ⓘ SY-rən-SEST-ə, occasionally /ˈsɪsɪtə/ ⓘ SIS-it-ə) is a market town and civil parish in the Cotswold District of Gloucestershire, England. It lies on the River Churn, a tributary of the Thames. Cirencester is the eighth largest settlement in Gloucestershire and the largest town within the Cotswolds. It is the home of the Royal Agricultural University, the oldest agricultural college in the English-speaking world, founded in 1840. The town had a population of 20,229 in 2021. The town is 18 miles (29 km) north-west of Swindon, 18 miles (29 km) south-east of Gloucester, 37 miles (60 km) west of Oxford and 39 miles (63 km) north-east of Bristol.

The Roman name for the town was Corinium, which is thought to have been associated with the ancient British tribe of the Dobunni, having the same root word as the River Churn. The earliest known reference to the town was by Ptolemy in AD 150. The town's Corinium Museum has an extensive Roman collection.
Rupert Village Historic District
The Rupert Village Historic District encompasses the 19th-century village center of Rupert, Vermont.  Extending along Vermont Route 153 and adjacent roads, the village preserves a 19th-century landscape and a variety of structures important in the life and economy of the period.  The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2022.

Vermont Route 153
Vermont Route 153 (VT 153) is a state highway in southwestern Vermont in the United States. It extends for 13.14 miles (21.15 km) from the New York state line at Rupert to VT 30 in Pawlet. VT 153 is entirely town-maintained and goes through Bennington and Rutland counties.
Andis
Andis and its variants Andio, Andes, etc., was a personal name popular among the Illyrians of Dardania, Pannonia, and Dalmatia. The god Andinus – considered to have been the Dardanian indigenous deity of vegetation and soil fertility – is also attested in votive inscriptions from the Roman province of Moesia Superior. The personal names are considered to be derived from the name of the Dardanian god.

Due to a widespread distribution of personal names like Andio, Andis, etc., and female versions Andia, Andena, etc., as well as the theonym Andinus, which are found throughout the territory inhabited by Illyrians, a presumable root word would be *and-. The name may also be connected to the root of the tribal name Andizetes, a small Illyrian community of Pannonia.

Pannonia
Pannonia (/pəˈnoʊniə/, Latin: [panˈnɔnia]) was a province of the Roman Empire bounded on the north and east by the Danube, on the west by Noricum and upper Italy, and on the south by Dalmatia and upper Moesia. It included the modern regions of western Hungary, western Slovakia, eastern Austria, northern Croatia, north-western Serbia, northern Slovenia, and northern Bosnia and Herzegovina. The northern and eastern boundary line of Pannonia was formed by the River Danube.
Momir Korunović
Momir Korunović (Serbian Cyrillic: Момир Коруновић), was a Serbian architect associated with Serbo-Byzantine Revival. He was sometimes called the 'Serbian Gaudi'. Although he designed many buildings in Belgrade and Yugoslavia between the two World Wars, he is largely forgotten today. Many of his works were destroyed or substantially altered during World War II and the communist period.

Serbo-Byzantine Revival architecture
The Modern Serbo-Byzantine architectural style, Neo-Byzantine architectural style or Serbian national architectural style is the style in Serbian architecture which lasted from the second half of the 19th century to the first half of the 20th century. This style originated in the tradition of medieval Serbian-Byzantine school and was part of international Neo-Byzantine style.
Mokrsko Dolne
Mokrsko Dolne [ˈmɔkrskɔ ˈdɔlnɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Sobków, within Jędrzejów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 3 km (2 mi) south-west of Sobków, 12 km (7 mi) north-east of Jędrzejów, and 26 km (16 mi) south-west of the regional capital Kielce.

Jędrzejów
Jędrzejów (Polish: [jɛnˈdʐɛjuf] ⓘ; Yiddish: יענדזשעוו, romanized: Yendzshev, Latin: Andreiow) is a town in southern Poland, located in the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship. It lies approximately 35 kilometres (22 miles) southwest of Kielce. It is the capital of Jędrzejów County. It has 16,139 inhabitants (2011).
Listed buildings in Penistone East
Penistone East is a ward in the metropolitan borough of Barnsley, South Yorkshire, England.  The ward contains three listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England.   Of these, one is listed at Grade II*, the middle of the three grades, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade.  The ward is to the west of the town of Barnsley, and is entirely rural.  The listed buildings consist of a former manor house and associated structures converted for residential use, a memorial obelisk and a lodge in the grounds of Wentworth Castle, and a former canal aqueduct.

Aqueduct (bridge)
Aqueducts are bridges constructed to convey watercourses across gaps such as valleys or ravines. The term aqueduct may also be used to refer to the entire watercourse, as well as the bridge. Large navigable aqueducts are used as transport links for boats or ships. Aqueducts must span a crossing at the same level as the watercourses on each end. The word is derived from the Latin aqua ("water") and ducere ("to lead"), therefore meaning "to lead water". A modern version of an aqueduct is a pipeline bridge. They may take the form of tunnels, networks of surface channels and canals, covered clay pipes or monumental bridges.
Ovais Ahmed Bilgrami
Ovais Ahmed Bilgrami HI(M) SI(M) TI(M) is aretired  flag officer in the Pakistan Navy. He is served as Vice Chief of the Naval Staff  (VCNS) in NHQ, Islamabad. Before this he also served as Commander, Karachi Fleet, Commander, Pakistan Fleet, Chief Staff Officer to the Commander, Pakistan Fleet and Principal Secretary to the Chief of the Naval Staff.

Vice Chief of the Naval Staff (Pakistan)
The Vice Chief of the Naval Staff (VCNS) is the post that is, in principle, the deputy and the second-in-command (S-in-C) of the Pakistan Navy and is also the most senior Principal Staff Officer (PSO) at NHQ, reporting and functioning under the Chief of the Naval Staff. This post is usually held by a senior flag officer of Vice Admiral rank.
Infocomm Clubs Programme
The Infocomm Clubs Programme is a Co-Curricular Activity (CCA) for primary schools, secondary schools and junior college students in Singapore, set up in 2006 by the Infocomm Development Authority of Singapore.

Junior college
A junior college is a type of post-secondary institution that offers vocational and academic training that is designed to prepare students for either skilled trades and technical occupations or support roles in professions such as engineering, accountancy, business administration, nursing, medicine, architecture, and criminology. Often times, those types of colleges offer two-year associate's degrees that are intended for students that want to later transfer to a college for a four-year bachelor's degree to finish their undergraduate education, pending adequate grades. Students typically attend those types of colleges for one to three years, which is also dependent on the country.
Nude Fear
Nude Fear is a 1998 Hong Kong psychological horror-thriller film directed by Alan Mak, starring Kathy Chow as a homicide detective pursuing a recently resurfaced serial killer who raped and killed her mother 23 years before. The film is Mak's directorial debut.

Tse Kwan-ho
Tse Kwan-ho (born 23 March 1963) is a Hong Kong actor, professionally also known as Gardner Tse. Originally a nurse, Tse Kwan-ho rose to prominence in the stage play The Mad Phoenix (Chinese: 南海十三郎), this was later remade into a feature film of the same name, and for which Tse would win the 1997 Golden Horse Best Actor award. Following The Mad Phoenix Tse went on to become a full-time actor and has since appeared in stage, television, film and radio serial productions.
Chernevog
Chernevog is a fantasy novel by American science fiction and fantasy author C. J. Cherryh.  It was first published in September 1990 in the United States in a hardcover edition by Ballantine Books under its Del Rey Books imprint. Chernevog is book two of Cherryh's three-book Russian Stories trilogy set in medieval Russia in forests along the Dnieper River near Kyiv in modern-day Ukraine. The novel draws on Slavic folklore, the title of the novel being a variant name of the "black god" Chernobog, and concerns the fate of a girl who has drowned and become a rusalka. It is also an exploration of magic and the development of a young wizard.

Cherryh self-published a revised edition of Chernevog in e-book format in March 2012 at Closed Circle Publications. Authorship of this edition is credited to C. J. Cherryh and Jane Fancher because of Fancher's contributions to the revisions.

Self-publishing
Self-publishing is an author-driven publication of any media without the involvement of a third-party publisher. Since the advent of the internet, self-publishing usually depends on digital platforms and print-on-demand technology, ranging from physical books to eBooks. Examples include magazines, print-on-demand books, music albums, pamphlets, brochures, video games, video content, artwork, zines, and web fiction. Self-publishing is an alternative to traditional publishing that has implications for production, cost and revenue, distribution, and public perception.
Carnivore (restaurant)
Carnivore is an open-air restaurant in the Langata suburb of Nairobi, Kenya. Carnivore's specialty is meat, and features an all-you-can-eat meat buffet. They serve a wide variety of meat and were famous for their game meat until Kenya imposed a ban on the sale of game meat in 2004. It remains a popular tourist destination.

Game (hunting)
Game or quarry are wild animals which are hunted for animal products (primarily meat), for recreation ("sporting"), or for trophies. The species of animals hunted as game varies in different parts of the world and by different local jurisdictions, though most are terrestrial mammals and birds. Fish caught non-commercially (recreational fishing) are also referred to as game fish.
Saale-Orla-Kreis I
Saale-Orla-Kreis I is an electoral constituency (German: Wahlkreis) represented in the Landtag of Thuringia. It elects one member via first-past-the-post voting. Under the current constituency numbering system, it is designated as constituency 33. It covers the southern part of Saale-Orla-Kreis.

Saale-Orla-Kreis I was created for the 1994 state election. Since 2019, it has been represented by Uwe Thrum of Alternative for Germany (AfD).

Landtag of Thuringia
The Landtag of Thuringia is the parliament of the German state of Thuringia. It convenes in Erfurt and currently consists of 88 members from five parties. According to the free state's constitution, the primary functions of the Landtag are to pass laws, elect the Minister-President and control the government of Thuringia.
Cross Lake (Shreveport, Louisiana)
Cross Lake (French: Lac de la Croix) is a man-made 8,575-acre (35 km2) lake located near Shreveport, Louisiana. The reservoir provides the water supply for the City of Shreveport. Moss covered cypress trees line the banks of this open lake popular for fishing and recreational boating. It supports waterfowl, alligators and an abundance of other wildlife. There are many access sites, several commercial facilities, and two public parks.

The Cross Lake land was acquired by the City of Shreveport during the administration of Mayor John H. Eastman, 1910-1914. The reservoir was constructed thereafter under the administration of Mayor Lee Emmett Thomas, 1922-1930. Under Mayor Sam Caldwell, Cross Lake was stocked with fish.

Ford Park, a recreational facility on the lake, is named for the former mayor and finance commissioner John McW. Ford (1880–1965).

Alligator
An alligator, or colloquially gator, is a large reptile in the genus Alligator of the family Alligatoridae in the order Crocodilia. The two extant species are the American alligator (A. mississippiensis) and the Chinese alligator (A. sinensis). Additionally, several extinct species of alligator are known from fossil remains. Alligators first appeared during the late Eocene epoch about 37 million years ago.

The term "alligator" is likely an anglicized form of el lagarto, Spanish for "the lizard", which early Spanish explorers and settlers in Florida called the alligator. Early English spellings of the name included allagarta and alagarto.

Alligators are notable for their ability to inhabit climates that are considerably more temperate than those of most other crocodilians. Although they generally prefer subtropical to tropical regions, they are also capable of surviving colder winters in the northern parts of their range.
What's Inside
What's Inside is the fourteenth studio album by British singer-songwriter Joan Armatrading. The album was written, arranged and produced by Armatrading, co-produced by David Tickle and recorded at the A&M Recording Studios in Hollywood. The strings were recorded at Abbey Road Studios, London, with the Kronos Quartet's contribution recorded at The Plant Recording Studios, Sausalito, California and The Memphis Horns recorded at Kiva Recording Studio, Memphis, Tennessee. The album was released in 1995 by RCA and was Armatrading's only album for the label. She had left A&M in 1992 after an eighteen-year association with the company.

Kronos Quartet
The Kronos Quartet is an American string quartet based in San Francisco. It has been in existence with a rotating membership of musicians for 50 years. The quartet covers a very broad range of musical genres, including contemporary classical music. More than 1,200 works have been written for it. The quartet has recorded over 75 albums and received a number of awards.
Tim Wrightman
Timothy John Wrightman (born March 27, 1960) is an American former professional football player who was a tight end. He played for two seasons for the Chicago Bears of the National Football League (NFL).

Wrightman played college football for the UCLA Bruins and was drafted 62nd overall in the third round by the Chicago Bears in the 1982 NFL draft. A contract dispute with the Bears led him to sign with the Chicago Blitz of the United States Football League (USFL), thus making him the first NFL draft pick who signed with the now defunct USFL. He later rejoined the NFL and won a Super Bowl ring as a member of the storied 1985 Bears team, and was re-signed to a two-year deal in 1986.

Wrightman also holds several acting credits, with appearances in Baywatch, Get Smart, Exit to Eden, and Renegade.

Get Smart (1995 TV series)
Get Smart is an American sitcom sequel to the original 1965–1970 NBC/CBS sitcom Get Smart starring Don Adams and Barbara Feldon reprising their characters of Maxwell Smart and Agent 99. The series aired Sunday at 7:30 pm on Fox for seven episodes from January 8 to February 19, 1995.
Stage Awards for Acting Excellence
The Stage Awards for Acting Excellence are a set of Scottish theatre awards which were established in 1995 to recognise outstanding theatre performances by individuals and companies on the Edinburgh Festival Fringe.

Organised by the theatrical newspaper The Stage, the initial award categories of Best Actor and Best Actress were joined by a Best Ensemble award in 1998. In 2006, an award for Best Solo Show was given for the first time.

Award winners are chosen by a panel consisting of the newspaper's principal Fringe reviewers and are usually announced in a ceremony on the last Sunday of the Fringe Festival. There have been only two Joint Winners awarded, in 1998 and 1999.

Guy Masterson
Guy Alexander Masterson (né Mastroianni; born 10 August 1961) is a British actor, writer, theatre director, producer, and playwright. He is best known for his solo stage performances and for his work at the Edinburgh Festival Fringe, including productions such as Under Milk Wood, Animal Farm, Morecambe, and The Shark Is Broken.
Goyet (place)
Goyet is a hamlet of the municipality Gesves, Wallonia, located in the province of Namur, Belgium.

It is famous for Goyet Caves, with glacial remnants of Neandertals, Homo sapiens and canid.

In 2016, two ancient hunter-gatherers that were excavated at Goyet were found to carry the M mtDNA haplogroup. The Late Pleistocene specimens were dated to 34,000 and 35,000 years ago.

Haplogroup M (mtDNA)
Haplogroup M is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup. An enormous haplogroup spanning all the continents, the macro-haplogroup M, like its sibling the macro-haplogroup N, is a descendant of the haplogroup L3.

All mtDNA haplogroups considered native outside of Africa are descendants of either haplogroup M or its sibling haplogroup N. Haplogroup M is relatively young, having a younger most recent common ancestor date than some subclades of haplogroup N such as haplogroup R.