hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
India at the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics
India participated at the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics in Buenos Aires, Argentina from 6 October to 18 October 2018. India managed their best ever medal haul of the Youth Olympics in this edition. Among the 206 participating nations, India ranked 17th on the medals tally.

Jeremy Lalrinnunga won India's first ever Youth Olympics gold medal. Tababi Devi won the first ever Youth Olympics medal for India in Judo and later also won a silver in the mixed team event under mixed-NOCs. Manu Bhaker became the first Indian girl to win a Youth Olympics gold medal and later also won a silver in the mixed 10 metre air pistol event under mixed-NOCs. Both Boys' and Girls' Hockey 5s teams won silver medals in their debut.

Jeremy Lalrinnunga
Jeremy Lalrinnunga (born 26 October 2002) is an Indian weightlifter. He made history by becoming the first Indian to win a gold medal at the Youth Olympic Games, in the boys' 62 kg event at the 2018 edition. He  also won gold in the men's 67 kg event at the 2022 Commonwealth Games, where he lifted a combined total of 300 kg, setting a new Games record.
2011 Superbike World Championship
The 2011 Superbike World Championship was the twenty-fourth season of the Superbike World Championship. It began on 27 February at Phillip Island and finished on 16 October in Portimão after 13 rounds.

The knockout system introduced for Superpole in 2009 was revised as the number of riders admitted to the first two sessions was reduced from twenty to sixteen and from sixteen to twelve respectively.

Ducati no longer competed with a factory team in 2011, after 23 seasons which had brought the marque a total of 29 riders' and manufacturers' championship titles, instead limiting its participation to privateer teams running their works bikes. Aprilia's gear-driven camshafts on its RSV4 motorcycle – which won the title in 2010 with Max Biaggi – was banned for the 2011 season.

After dominating since the season opening, Carlos Checa won his first championship and Ducati's 17th manufacturer title.

Phillip Island Grand Prix Circuit
The Phillip Island Grand Prix Circuit is a motor racing circuit located near Ventnor, on Phillip Island, Victoria, Australia. The current circuit was first used in 1952.

Along with The Bend Motorsport Park in South Australia, the 4.448 km (2.764 mi) long island circuit is one of two race tracks in Australia to carry a FIM Category A track licence which allows for the highest level of motorcycle racing, MotoGP. Phillip Island also carries an FIA Grade 3 track licence.
2026 Campeonato Brasileiro Série A
The 2026 Campeonato Brasileiro Série A is the 70th season of the Campeonato Brasileiro Série A, the top level of professional football in Brazil, and the 24th edition in a double round-robin since its establishment in 2003. The competition began on 28 January and will end on 2 December 2026.

The top five teams as well as the 2026 Copa do Brasil champions and runner-up will qualify for the 2027 Copa Libertadores, a change from previous years when six teams and only Copa do Brasil champions qualified. Meanwhile, the next six best-placed teams not qualified for Copa Libertadores will qualify for the 2027 Copa Sudamericana, and the last four will be relegated to Série B for 2027.

Flamengo are the defending champions, having won their eighth title in the previous season.

Campeonato Brasileiro Série B
The Campeonato Brasileiro Série B (commonly referred to as the Brasileirão Série B, the Série B or the Brazilian Série B to distinguish it from the Italian Serie B), and currently officially called Brasileirão Série B Superbet for sponsorship reasons) is the second tier of the Brazilian football league system, which is organized by the Brazilian Football Confederation.

The competition was played for the first time in 1971, and for a long time, the competition format was inconsistent, with changes happening frequently. Also, there were years where the competition was not played at all.

Since 2006 it has been contested by 20 teams in a double round-robin format with 38 matches, with the top four teams being promoted to the Campeonato Brasileiro Série A group and the bottom four teams being relegated to the Campeonato Brasileiro Série C.
Kožešník
Kožešník (feminine: Kožešníková) is a Czech-language occupational surname literally meaning "furrier". Notable people with the surname include:

Jaroslav Kožešník, Czechoslovak academician

Zdenek Kozesnik, Czechoslovak national badminton champion

Jaroslav Kožešník
Jaroslav Kožešník (8 June 1907 in Kněžice – 26 June 1985 in Prague) was a Czech and Czechoslovak scientist, mathematician, an expert in mechanics and automation (cybernetics), chairman of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences (1969–1970, 1970–1977, 1977–1980), a Communist Party functionary in Socialist Czechoslovakia and a member of the parliament during the Normalization period, recipient of several state awards, editor-in-chief of the Kybernetika journal.
Ruska (surname)
Ruska is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ernst Ruska (1906–1988), German physicist

Julius Ruska (1867–1949), German orientalist, historian of science, and educator

Helmut Ruska (1908–1973), German physician and biologist

Wim Ruska (1940–2015), Dutch judoka

Ernst Ruska
Ernst August Friedrich Ruska (German pronunciation: [ɛʁnst ˈʁʊskaː] ⓘ; 25 December 1906 – 27 May 1988) was a German physicist who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1986 for his work in electron optics, including the design of the first electron microscope.
Tomfoolery in Zell am See
Tomfoolery in Zell am See (German: Allotria in Zell am See) is a 1963 West German comedy film directed by Franz Marischka and starring Adrian Hoven, Hannelore Elsner and Ingrid van Bergen.   It was shot in Agfacolor with extensive location shooting around the resort town of Zell am See in the Kitzbühel Alps.The film's sets were designed by the art director Johannes Ott.

Kitzbühel Alps
The Kitzbühel Alps (German: Kitzbüheler Alpen or Kitzbühler Alpen) are a mountain range of the Central Eastern Alps surrounding the town of Kitzbühel in Tyrol, Austria. Geologically they are part of the western slate zone (greywacke zone).
Bishop-fish
The sea bishop or bishop-fish is a legendary creature first recorded in the 16th century. According to legend, it was taken to the King of Poland, who wished to keep it. It was also shown to a group of Catholic bishops, to whom the bishop-fish gestured, appealing to be released. They granted its wish, at which point it made the sign of the cross and disappeared into the sea.

Another was supposedly captured in the ocean near Germany in 1531. It refused to eat and died after three days. It was described and pictured in the fourth volume of Conrad Gesner's famous Historiae animalium, published in 1551 – 58 and 1587.

Cryptozoologist Bernard Heuvelmans believed the report was based on the discovery of a large mutilated Grimaldi scaled squid.

Legendary creature
A legendary creature is a type of supernatural entity that is described in folklore (including myths and legends), and may be featured in historical accounts before modernity, but has not been scientifically shown to exist.

In the classical era, monstrous creatures such as the Cyclops and the Minotaur appear in heroic tales for the protagonist to destroy. Other creatures, such as the unicorn, were claimed in accounts of natural history by various scholars of antiquity. Some legendary creatures are hybrid beasts or Chimeras.

Some legendary creatures originated in traditional mythology and were believed to be real creatures—for example, dragons, griffins and unicorns. Others are based on real encounters or garbled accounts of travellers' tales, such as the Vegetable Lamb of Tartary, a sheeplike animal which supposedly grew tethered to the earth.
2024 Armenian protests
The 2024 Armenian protests, most commonly known in Armenia as Tavush for the Homeland (Armenian: Տավուշը հանուն Հայրենիքի, romanized: Tavushy hanun Hayrenik’i), were a series of street demonstrations taking place throughout Armenia due to Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan leading an effort to demarcate the Armenia–Azerbaijan border, reaching an agreement with the Government of Azerbaijan which handed over four abandoned villages along the border to Azerbaijan: Bağanis Ayrum, Aşağı Əskipara, Xeyrimli, and Qızılhacılı.

Aşağı Əskipara
Aşağı Əskipara (Armenian: Ներքին Ոսկեպար, romanized: Nerkin Voskepar, lit. 'Lower Voskepar') is an abandoned village in the Qazakh District of Azerbaijan.

The village was controlled by Armenia from the First Nagorno-Karabakh War in the early 1990s until 2024, when Armenia agreed to return the village to Azerbaijan. The neighboring settlement of Voskepar is located in Armenia proper. Another nearby village, Yuxarı Əskipara, is located in what is de jure an Azerbaijani exclave within Armenia, but is still controlled by Armenia.
San Lorenzo in Nifili
42°39′03″N 12°28′00″E﻿ / ﻿42.650961°N 12.466556°E﻿ / 42.650961; 12.466556San Lorenzo in Nifili is a Romanesque-style, Roman Catholic church located near the village of Farnetta, part of the commune of Montecastrilli, in the province of Terni, region of Umbria, Italy.

Umbria
Umbria (/ˈʌmbriə/ UM-bree-ə; Italian: [ˈumbrja]) is a region of central Italy. It includes Lake Trasimeno and Marmore Falls, and is crossed by the Tiber. It is the only landlocked region on the Apennine Peninsula. The capital is Perugia. The region has 851,954 inhabitants as of 2025.

The region is characterized by hills, mountains, thick forests, valleys and historical towns such as the university centre of Perugia, Assisi (a World Heritage Site associated with St. Francis of Assisi), Terni, Norcia, Città di Castello, Gubbio, Spoleto, Orvieto, Todi, Castiglione del Lago, Narni, Amelia, Spello and other small cities.
Sascha Pfeffer
Sascha Pfeffer (born 19 October 1986) is a German professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for 1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig. He joined Dynamo Dresden from SC Borea Dresden in August 2007, and left for Chemnitzer FC five years later. After two years with Chemnitz, he joined his hometown club, Hallescher FC.

Hallescher FC
Hallescher FC, formerly known as Hallescher FC Chemie, is a German association football club based in Halle an der Saale, Saxony-Anhalt. The club currently plays in the Regionalliga, the fourth highest level in the German football league system.

For many years, Halle had been in East Germany's highest league, the DDR-Oberliga, up-until the German reunification. However, like many other teams from the former East, it then suffered the effects of economic and demographic decline in the region in the 1990s and fell down to amateur leagues. Since 2000, Hallescher FC has ended its downward trend and in the 2011–12 season, they finally returned to a professional football league after 20 years of absence. They were relegated to the Regionalliga in 2024.
Geology of the Bahamas
The geology of the Bahamas has been researched since the mid-19th century. The islands include Aeolian sands and limestone built on the basement rock of the Florida-Bahamas Platform. The islands are used to infer sea levels based on the arrangement of reef deposits.

Aeolian processes
Aeolian processes, also spelled eoulian, pertain to wind activity in the study of geology and weather and specifically to the wind's ability to shape the surface of the Earth (or other planets).  Winds may erode, transport, and deposit materials. They are effective agents in regions with sparse vegetation, a lack of soil moisture and a large supply of unconsolidated sediments. Although water is a much more powerful eroding force than wind, aeolian processes are important in arid environments such as deserts.

The term is derived from the name of the Greek god Aeolus, the keeper of the winds.
Martin Dvořáček
Martin Dvořáček (born 15 November 1972) is a Czech former professional tennis player.

Born in Brno, Dvořáček made appearances on the satellite tour during the early 1990s.

Dvořáček joined Oklahoma State University in 1996 and formed a doubles partnership with countryman Pavel Kudrnáč which would top the collegiate rankings. He was a two-time doubles silver medalist at the World University Games.

Following his time in Oklahoma he ended up in New York and was a local wildcard entrant in doubles for the 2001 Hamlet Cup, an ATP Tour tournament on Long Island.

Dvořáček is married to former professional tennis player Veronika Dvořáčková (nee Šafářová) and both teach tennis at The Powelton Club in Newburgh, New York. His sister in law is Lucie Šafářová.

FISU World University Games
The FISU World University Games, formerly the Universiade, is an international multi-sport event, organized for university athletes by the International University Sports Federation (FISU). The former name is a portmanteau of the words "University" and "Olympiad".

The Universiade is referred to in English as the World University Games or World Student Games; however, this latter term can also refer to competitions for sub-University grades students. In July 2020 as part of a new branding system by the FISU, it was stated that the Universiade was to be officially branded as the FISU World University Games.

The most recent summer event was the 2025 Summer World University Games held in Rhine-Ruhr region, Germany held from 16-27 July 2025, while the most recent winter event was the 2025 Winter World University Games held in Turin, Italy from 13 to 23 January 2025.
Moadamiyet al-Sham media centre
Moadamiyet al-Sham media centre (Arabic: المركز الإعلامي معضمية الشام, also known as the Moadamiya media center) is a Syrian opposition-run media centre, operating from the town of Muadamiyat al-Sham located about 10 kilometers (6.2 mi) southwest of Damascus.

Muadamiyat al-Sham
Muadamiyat al-Sham (Arabic: المعضمية الشام, romanized: al-Muʿaḍḍamīyah ash-Shām; also spelled Moadamiyet al-Sham, Moadamiya or Moadamiyah) is a town in southern Syria, administratively a part of the Darayya District in the Rif Dimashq Governorate, located approx. 10 kilometers (6.2 mi) southwest of Damascus, within an area called the Western Ghouta.  Nearby localities include the centre of Darayya to the east, Jdeidat Artouz and Sahnaya to the south, and Qudsaya to the north. The town is "famed for its olive orchards".
Compound prism
A compound prism is a set of multiple triangular prism elements placed in contact, and often cemented together to form a solid assembly. The use of multiple elements gives several advantages to an optical designer:

One can achieve spectral dispersion without causing the deviation of the beam at the design wavelength. Thus, light at the design wavelength which enters at an angle  with respect to the optical axis, exits the prism at the same angle with respect to the same axis. This kind of effect is often called "direct vision dispersion" or "nondeviating dispersion".

One can achieve deviation of the incident beam while also greatly reducing the dispersion introduced into the beam: an achromatic deflecting prism. This effect is used in beam steering.

One can tune the prism dispersion to achieve greater dispersion linearity or to achieve higher-order dispersion effects.

Optical axis
An optical axis is an imaginary line that passes through the geometrical center of an optical system such as a camera lens, microscope or telescopic sight. Lens elements often have  rotational symmetry about the axis.

The optical axis defines the path along which light propagates through the system, up to first approximation. For a system composed of simple lenses and mirrors, the axis passes through the center of curvature of each surface, and coincides with the axis of rotational symmetry. The optical axis is often coincident with the system's mechanical axis, but not always, as in the case of off-axis optical systems.

For an optical fiber, the optical axis is along the center of the fiber core, and is also known as the fiber axis.
Nikhat Kazmi
Nikhat Kazmi (1958/1959 – 20 January 2012) was a senior correspondent and well-known film critic from, born Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, who had been writing for The Times of India since 1987. She died of breast cancer in 2012, at age 53.

The Times Group
Bennett, Coleman and Co. Ltd. (BCCL), d/b/a The Times Group, is an Indian media conglomerate based in Mumbai. Notable media properties owned and operated by the group include India's largest selling daily English-language newspaper The Times of India, television channels such as Times Now, the radio station network Radio Mirchi, and magazines Filmfare and Femina.

The Sahu Jain family owns a majority of the stake in the group. In May 2023, the Times Group was split into two separate business entities between brothers Vineet Jain and Samir Jain, such that its radio and broadcast properties would remain with Vineet Jain and its print properties would be under the ownership of Samir Jain.
Breast development
Breast development, also known as mammogenesis, is a complex biological process in primates that takes place throughout a female's life.

It occurs across several phases, including prenatal development, puberty, and pregnancy. At menopause, breast development ceases and the breasts atrophy. Breast development results in prominent and developed structures on the chest known as breasts in primates, which serve primarily as mammary glands. The process is mediated by an assortment of hormones (and growth factors), the most important of which include estrogen, progesterone, prolactin, and growth hormone.

Biological process
Biological processes are those processes that are necessary for an organism to live and that shape its capacities for interacting with its environment. Biological processes are made of many chemical reactions or other events that are involved in the persistence and transformation of life forms.
2022 Citi Open – Men's singles
Nick Kyrgios defeated Yoshihito Nishioka in the final, 6–4, 6–3 to win the men's singles tennis title at the 2022 Washington Open. It was his second Washington title, following 2019. Kyrgios saved five match points en route to the title, in the quarterfinals against Frances Tiafoe. He also did not drop serve during the tournament.

Jannik Sinner was the reigning champion, but did not compete.

Wu Tung-lin
Wu Tung-lin (Chinese: 吳東霖; pinyin: Wú Dong-lín; born 12 May 1998), also known as Tony Wu, is a Taiwanese tennis player.
He has a career-high ATP singles ranking of World No. 158, achieved on 3 April 2023 and a career-high doubles ranking of No. 246, achieved on 17 October 2022. Wu is currently the No. 3 Taiwanese singles player.

Wu represents Chinese Taipei at the Davis Cup, where he has a W-L record of 1–1.
Santiba
Santiba was a line of soft drinks sold by The Coca-Cola Company in the United States. The flavors sold include ginger ale, club soda, quinine water and a citrus soda. It was introduced in 1969. It is no longer produced.  The trademark for Santiba was issued to Coca-Cola in 1969 and has expired as of 1992.

Tonic water
Tonic water is a carbonated soft drink in which quinine is dissolved. Originally used as a prophylactic against malaria, modern tonic water typically has a significantly lower quinine content and is often more sweetened than the original medicinal form. It is consumed for its distinctive bitter flavour.
The Eyes of the Panther
"The Eyes of the Panther" is a short story by American Civil War soldier, wit, and writer Ambrose Bierce featuring a female werepanther. It was published in The San Francisco Examiner on 17 October 1897 before appearing in his 1898 collection In the Midst of Life.

San Francisco Examiner
The San Francisco Examiner is a newspaper distributed in and around San Francisco, California, and has been published since 1863. Once self-dubbed the "Monarch of the Dailies" by then-owner William Randolph Hearst and the flagship of the Hearst chain, the Examiner converted to free distribution early in the 21st century and is owned by Clint Reilly Communications, which bought the newspaper at the end of 2020 along with the SF Weekly.
Damion Square
Damion DaShon Square (born February 6, 1989) is an American former professional football player who was a defensive tackle in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Alabama Crimson Tide and was signed as an undrafted free agent by the Philadelphia Eagles in 2013. Square is currently the defensive line coach for the Birmingham Stallions of the United Football League (UFL)

United Football League (2024–present)
The United Football League (UFL) is a professional American football spring league in the United States. The league was created following the merger of the latest iterations of the XFL and United States Football League (USFL); it started play in March 2024. It comprises eight teams, five of which were members of the XFL or USFL prior to the UFL's creation, and all concentrated in the Midwest and Southern United States.
Douro Litoral Province
Douro Litoral (European Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈdoɾu lituˈɾal]) is a historical province of Portugal. It is centered on the city of Porto, now the capital of the Norte Region. Other important cities in the province are Vila Nova de Gaia, Matosinhos, Maia, Póvoa de Varzim, and the historically important Penafiel, Amarante, Feira, Vila do Conde.

The province was abolished in an administrative reform in 1976. Nowaday Douro Litoral is divided between  Metropolitan Area of Porto Subregion, Tâmega Subregion, and parts of Ave Subregion and Entre Douro e Vouga Subregion.

The coast is part of the Costa Verde tourist area.

Nigerite, a unique mineral, is found in the province.

Vila Nova de Gaia
Vila Nova de Gaia (European Portuguese: [ˈvilɐ ˈnɔvɐ ðɨ ˈɣajɐ] ⓘ), or simply Gaia, is a city and a municipality in Porto District in Norte Region, Portugal. It is located south of the city of Porto on the other side of the Douro River.  The city proper had a population of 178,255 in 2001. The municipality has an area of 168.46 square kilometres (65.04 mi2) and a population of 303,824 inhabitants in 2021, making it the most populous municipality in Norte Region, and the third most populous in the country, after Lisbon and Sintra. Gaia along with Porto and 16 other municipalities make up the Porto metropolitan area.

The city contains many cellars (locally known as "caves") where port wine is stored and aged. These cellars have become a major tourist attraction.
Santa Maria della Pietà, Venice
The church of Santa Maria della Pietà or della Visitazione is a prominent church in the sestiere of Castello in Venice, Italy. It is sited on the Riva degli Schiavoni, a short walk from the Doge's Palace.

Doge's Palace
The Doge's Palace (Doge pronounced /doʊ(d)ʒ/; Italian: Palazzo Ducale; Venetian: Pałaso Dogal) is a palace built in Venetian Gothic style, and one of the main landmarks of the city of Venice in northern Italy. The palace included government offices, a jail, and the residence of the Doge of Venice, the elected authority of the former Republic of Venice. It was originally built in 810, rebuilt in 1340 and extended and modified in the following centuries. It became a museum in 1923 and is one of 11 museums run by the Fondazione Musei Civici di Venezia.
Stephen Carlton Clark
Stephen Carlton Clark (August 29, 1882 – September 17, 1960) was an American art collector, businessman, newspaper publisher and philanthropist. He may be best known as the founder of the Baseball Hall of Fame, in Cooperstown, New York.

George Bellows
George Wesley Bellows (August 12 or August 19, 1882 – January 8, 1925) was an American realist painter, known for his bold depictions of urban life in New York City. He became, according to the Columbus Museum of Art, "the most acclaimed American artist of his generation".