hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
HMS Archer (D78)
HMS Archer was a Long Island-class escort carrier built by the United States in 1939–1940 and operated by the Royal Navy during World War II. She was built as the cargo ship Mormacland, but was converted to an escort carrier and renamed HMS Archer. Her transmission was a constant cause of problems which led to her being withdrawn from front-line service. She was used as a stores ship and then as an accommodation ship before a refit and subsequent use as a merchant aircraft ferry ship, Empire Lagan.

She was returned to the US Navy, then laid up as Archer before being sold into merchant service and converted to a passenger ship, Anna Salén. She was used to take emigrants to Australia and Canada in the early 1950s. She was sold and renamed Tasmania and after further service as an emigrant ship was converted back to a cargo ship. She was later sold and renamed Union Reliance. She was scrapped after a collision and fire in 1961.

Merchant aircraft carrier
A merchant aircraft carrier (also known as a MAC ship, the Admiralty's official 'short name') was a limited-purpose aircraft carrier operated under British and Dutch civilian registry during World War II.  MAC ships were adapted by adding a flight deck to a bulk grain ship or oil tanker enabling it to operate anti-submarine aircraft in support of Allied convoys during the Battle of the Atlantic.

Despite their quasi-military function, MAC ships retained their mercantile status, continued to carry cargo and operated under civilian command.  MAC ships entered service from May 1943 when they began to supplement and supplant escort carriers, and remained operational until the end of the war in Europe.
Page of Cups
The Page of Cups (or jack or knave of cups or goblets or vessels) is a card used in Latin-suited playing cards which include tarot decks. It is part of what tarot card readers call the "Minor Arcana".

Tarot cards are used throughout much of Europe to play tarot card games. In English-speaking countries, where the games are largely unknown, tarot cards came to be utilized primarily for divinatory purposes.

Tarot card games
Tarot games are card games played with tarot packs designed for card play and which have a permanent trump suit alongside the usual four card suits. The games and packs which English-speakers call by the French name tarot are called tarocchi in the original Italian, Tarock in German and similar words in other languages.

Tarot games are increasingly popular in Europe, especially in France where French tarot is the second most popular card game after Belote. In Austria, Tarock games, especially Königrufen, have become widespread and there are several major national and international tournaments each year. Italy, the home of tarot, remains a stronghold. Games of the tarot family are also played in Hungary, Slovenia, Liechtenstein, Czechia, Slovakia, Switzerland, Denmark, south Germany and south Poland.
John Gunne (Manitoba politician)
John Robert Gunne (February 21, 1870 – June 5, 1935) was a physician and political figure in Manitoba. He represented Dauphin from 1903 to 1907 in the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba as a Conservative.

He was born in Florence, Lambton County, Ontario, the son of Robert Gunne, a native of Ireland. Gunne was educated there and at Manitoba Medical College. He moved to Dauphin, Manitoba in 1893, setting up practice there. In 1903, he married Christina Malcolm. Gunne moved to Kenora in 1905, practising there with his brother. He later practised in Winnipeg and then returned to Dauphin, where he set up a medical clinic. Gunne married Maizie Parker in 1928 after the death of his first wife.

He died in Dauphin at the age of 65.

University of Manitoba College of Medicine
The Max Rady College of Medicine is a medical college of the University of Manitoba in Winnipeg and is one of several departments of the university's Rady Faculty of Health Sciences.

Opening in 1883 as the Manitoba Medical College, it is the first medical school of the Prairie provinces. The college has 27 academic departments, institutes, and administrative units found throughout the university's Bannatyne campus, the Health Sciences Centre, and other Winnipeg health sciences facilities. The college also consists of several centres, institutes, and research groups, often in partnership with other health sciences organizations.

In 2024, there were 1173 applicants for 140 MD spots. The admitted students had an average adjusted GPA of 4.26 (out of 4.5), and an average MCAT of 513. The nearby University of Winnipeg also offers a pre-medical studies program.
T. P. Arumugam
T. P. Arumugam is an Indian politician and former Member of the Legislative Assembly of Tamil Nadu. He was elected to the Tamil Nadu legislative assembly as a Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) candidate from Tiruchengode constituency in the 1996 election. He contested the seat again in 2001, when he came second to C. Ponnaiyan of the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam. He is founder of Sengunthar Engineering College

Sengunthar Engineering College
Sengunthar Engineering College is a 
private engineering college located in Kosavampalayam, 3 km (1.9 mi) from Tiruchengode, 30 km (19 mi) from Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India. It is affiliated with Anna University. It is ranked as one of the top private institutions in India.
Treasure Island (2012 TV series)
Treasure Island is a two-part British television drama adaptation of the novel Treasure Island (1883) by Robert Louis Stevenson. The screenplay was written by Stewart Harcourt, produced by Laurie Borg and directed by Steve Barron. It was made by BSkyB and first shown in the United Kingdom on Sky1 on 1 & 2 January 2012. It was re-released a year later on Pick on the 14 February 2013 and 21 February 2013.

Toby Regbo
Toby Finn Regbo (born 18 October 1991) is an English actor who has appeared in film, television and theatre. He is known for his role as young Nemo Nobody in the science fiction drama Mr. Nobody (2009), as Francis II of France in Reign (2013–2017), Æthelred in The Last Kingdom (2017–2020), Tommaso Peruzzi in Medici: Masters of Florence (2019) and Jack Blackfriars on  A Discovery of Witches (2022) and he starred in Platform 7 (2023).
Bodies, Rest & Motion
Bodies, Rest & Motion is a 1993 American drama film written by Roger Hedden based on his 1986 play, and directed by Michael Steinberg.  The film stars Phoebe Cates, Bridget Fonda, Tim Roth, and Eric Stoltz as four people whose interests in life and each other start to change. The film takes partly place at small gas stations in the Arizona desert, and Bridget Fonda's real-life father, Peter Fonda, has a cameo as a motorcycle rider. Bodies, Rest & Motion premiered at the 1993 Sundance Film Festival and was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1993 Cannes Film Festival.

1993 Cannes Film Festival
The 46th Cannes Film Festival took place from 13 to 24 May 1993. French filmmaker Louis Malle served as jury president for the main competition. French actress Jeanne Moreau hosted the opening and closing ceremonies.

The Palme d'Or was jointly award to Chinese filmmaker Chen Kaige for the drama film Farewell My Concubine and New Zealand filmmaker Jane Campion for the drama film The Piano. Campion became the first woman to ever win the festival's top prize.

The festival opened with My Favorite Season by André Téchiné, and closed with Toxic Affair by Philomène Esposito.
Neil Diamond's Greatest Hits
Neil Diamond's Greatest Hits is the first compilation album of songs recorded by Neil Diamond. It was released in 1968 by Bang Records after Diamond left Bang for Uni Records. Bang would eventually release four Neil Diamond compilation albums on top of the two original Diamond albums that Bang issued in 1966 and '67. Ten of the twelve songs on this album are original Diamond compositions.

After Columbia Records absorbed Bang Records, this album was replaced by a new compilation titled Classics: The Early Years, which replaced the cover songs with additional Diamond originals: "I'm a Believer" (which became a hit for The Monkees) and "Shilo", which Bang initially rejected as a single but was later released as a single and became a hit in 1970 after this album was released.

I'm a Believer
"I'm a Believer" is a song written by Neil Diamond and recorded by the American pop rock band the Monkees in 1966 with the lead vocals by Micky Dolenz. The single, produced by Jeff Barry, hit the number-one spot on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 chart for the week ending December 31, 1966, and remained there for seven weeks  becoming the last number-one hit of 1966 and the biggest-selling single for all of 1967. Billboard ranked the record as the number-five song for 1967.

The song topped the UK Singles Chart for four weeks in January and February 1967. Also, it reached number one in several other countries, including Australia, New Zealand, Canada, and Ireland.

Billboard described the song as "an easy-go dance mover" that "will hit with immediate impact". Cash Box said the single is a "medium-paced rocker [that] is full of the group's top-notch harmonies and is laced with infectious sounds". Record World said it was "sensational".
Silvio Noto
Silvio Noto (25 December 1926 – 24 October 2000) was an Italian TV and radio presenter, actor and voice actor.

Born in Bari, graduated in law, Noto became first known as radio-host after the first World War. He became popular as the host of several successful RAI television programs, starting from Casa serena (1950). He touched the peak of his fame in the second half of the 1950s, when he hosted together with Enzo Tortora the shows Primo applauso, Telematch and Voci e volti della fortuna.

Noto also appeared in a dozen films, mostly in supporting roles. On the small screen he was among the interpreters of the series E le stelle stanno a guardare.

Enzo Tortora
Enzo Tortora (30 November 1928 – 18 May 1988) was an Italian television presenter on national RAI television, who was unjustly convicted of being a member of the Camorra and drug trafficking in 1985, and sentenced to 10 years in jail. He was acquitted of all charges by the Supreme Court of Cassation in 1987.
Contrast (vision)
Contrast is the difference in luminance or color that makes an object (or its representation in an image or display) distinguishable from a background. Human vision is more sensitive to relative differences than to absolute luminance, so perceived appearance can remain fairly stable despite large changes in illumination.

The maximum contrast of an image is termed the contrast ratio or dynamic range. In images where the contrast ratio approaches the maximum possible for the medium, there is a conservation of contrast. In such cases, increasing contrast in certain parts of the image will necessarily result in a decrease in contrast elsewhere. Brightening an image increases contrast in darker areas but decreases it in brighter areas; conversely, darkening the image will have the opposite effect. Bleach bypass reduces contrast in the darkest and brightest parts of an image while enhancing luminance contrast in areas of intermediate brightness.

Display device
A display device is an output device for presentation of information in visual or tactile form (the latter used for example in tactile electronic displays for blind people). When the input information that is supplied has an electrical signal the display is called an electronic display.

Common applications for electronic visual displays are television sets or computer monitors.
Will Biederman
Will Biederman is an American engineer and entrepreneur. He was a founding Verily team member and led the development of the Dexcom G7 in the company's partnership with Dexcom.  The G7 launched worldwide in 2022 and the partnership generated more than $500M of revenue for Verily, the most of any Verily program reported to date.

He is currently co-founder and CTO of Forest Neurotech, a non-profit Focused Research Organization developing the next generation of brain-computer interfaces using ultrasound.

Dexcom
Dexcom, Inc. is an American multinational healthcare company that develops, manufactures, produces and distributes a line of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems for diabetes management. It operates internationally with global headquarters and R&D center in San Diego, California, U.S.A. and manufacturing facilities in Mesa, Arizona, U.S.A.; Batu Kawan, Malaysia and Athenry, County Galway, Ireland.
Dunedin Southern Motorway
The Dunedin Southern Motorway is the main arterial route south from the South Island city of Dunedin, part of New Zealand's State Highway 1. Despite its name, only a portion of the route is officially classified as motorway. The route is the southernmost section of median-divided highway in the world.

East Taieri
East Taieri is a small township, located between Mosgiel and Allanton in New Zealand's Otago region. It lies on State Highway 1 en route between the city of Dunedin and its airport at Momona. It lies close to the southeastern edge of the Taieri Plain, hence its name.
Amamoor Forest Reserve
The Amamoor State Forest and Forest Reserve is a riverine rainforest in the Gympie Region in Queensland, Australia. The forest is composed of subtropical vegetation dominated by stands of Melia azedarach (white cedar),  Toona ciliata (red cedar), Araucaria cunninghamii (hoop pine), and A. bidwillii (Bunya pine). The Amamoor Creek within the reserve is noted as a habitat for the platypus and several species of endangered frogs. The park station is located on Amamoor Creek Road about 180 km north of the state capital of Brisbane and 20 km southwest of the town of Gympie. This area has a subtropical climate. The elevation of the terrain is 226 m AMSL.

Araucaria cunninghamii
Araucaria cunninghamii is a species of Araucaria known as hoop pine. Other less commonly used names include colonial pine, Queensland pine, Dorrigo pine, Moreton Bay pine and Richmond River pine. The scientific name honours the botanist and explorer Allan Cunningham, who collected the first specimens in the 1820s. It is the oldest diverging lineage within the genus, and the only species in section Eutacta that grows on the mainland rather than islands.
Kieran Merrilees
Kieran Merrilees (born 12 September 1989)  is a Scottish badminton player from BC Adliswil Zurich. He represented his country at the 2010, 2014, and 2018 Commonwealth Games. Merrilees educated retail management and marketing at the Open University, Scotland.

Badminton at the 2014 Commonwealth Games
Badminton events at the 2014 Commonwealth Games took place between Thursday 24 July and Sunday 3 August at the newly built Emirates Arena, in Glasgow.

Badminton is one of ten core sports at the Commonwealth Games and has been continuously held at the Games since its first appearance at the 1966 British Empire and Commonwealth Games in Kingston, Jamaica. The badminton programme in 2014 included men's and women's singles competitions; men's, women's and mixed doubles competitions alongside a mixed team event throughout the 11 days of competition. The draw for the tournament was held on 21 July in Glasgow.
Conditioning House
The Conditioning House was a public institution in Bradford, Yorkshire, England, which provided independent quality control of wool. It was established by Bradford Corporation in 1887 and in its heyday assessed nearly 70% of the UK's wool, in particular its staple length and water content. It closed in the 1980s and stood empty for some 30 years until its conversion into offices and flats was completed in 2024.

Staple (wool)
A wool staple is a cluster or lock of wool fibres and not a single fibre.

For other textiles, the staple, having evolved from its usage with wool, is a measure of the quality of the fibre with regard to its length or fineness.
Dragan Umicevic
Dragan Umičević (Serbian Cyrillic: Драган Умичевић; born 9 October 1984) is a Swedish professional ice hockey player of Serbian descent. He is currently playing for Södertälje SK in the HockeyAllsvenskan (Allsv). Umicevic has represented the Sweden national ice hockey team in 2006 and 2007. With Södertälje SK he won the team's internal scoring league in the 2008–09 Elitserien season. Umičević was drafted by the Edmonton Oilers in the sixth round of the 2003 NHL Entry Draft, 184th overall.

HockeyAllsvenskan
HockeyAllsvenskan (previously Allsvenskan and SuperAllsvenskan) is a professional ice hockey league, and the second-highest league in the Swedish ice hockey system, after the SHL. Since the 2009–10 season, the league has consisted of fourteen teams.
Verena Rohrer
Verena Rohrer (born 8 April 1996 in Sachseln) is a Swiss snowboarder, specializing in halfpipe.

Rohrer competed at the 2014 Winter Olympics for Switzerland. In the halfpipe, she finished 27th in the qualifying round, failing to advance.

Rohrer made her World Cup debut in August 2013. As of September 2014, her best finish is 20th, at Copper Mountain in 2010–11. Her best overall finish is 43rd, in 2013–14.

FIS Snowboard World Cup
The FIS Snowboard World Cup is an annual snowboarding competition, arranged by the International Ski Federation (FIS) since 1994. Since its inauguration, different disciplines have been added and removed, along with categories used to group them.

Currently disciplines contested in the World Cup are parallel giant slalom and parallel slalom (grouped into the "parallel" category); the halfpipe, big air, and slopestyle (grouped into the "AFU" category); and the discipline-category of snowboard cross. Most of these disciplines have been contested on and off throughout the years. The only discipline contested in every season of the World Cup is the halfpipe (and from 1996–97 season onward the snowboard cross).

There was an "overall" classification until the 2009–10 season. Since then, the World Cup has been divided into the three categories described above.
197 Arete
197 Arete is an asteroid in the asteroid belt. It has a very bright surface, even so when compared to other rocky S-type asteroid.

It was discovered by J. Palisa on May 21, 1879, and named after Arete, the mother of Nausicaa in Homer's The Odyssey. Every 18 years, this asteroid approaches within 0.04 AU of 4 Vesta. During these encounters, Vesta causes a gravitational perturbation of Arete, allowing the mass of Vesta to be directly determined.

Photometric observations during 1984 showed a rotation period of 6.54 ± 0.02 hours and a brightness variation of 0.10 ± 0.01 in magnitude. The light curve shows "four well defined extrema with two asymmetric maxima".

Maximum and minimum
In mathematical analysis, the maximum and minimum of a function are, respectively, the greatest and least value taken by the function. Known generically as extrema, they may be defined either within a given range (the local or relative extrema) or on the entire domain (the global or absolute extrema) of a function. Pierre de Fermat was one of the first mathematicians to propose a general technique, adequality, for finding the maxima and minima of functions.

As defined in set theory, the maximum and minimum of a set are the greatest and least elements in the set, respectively. Unbounded infinite sets, such as the set of real numbers, have no minimum or maximum.

In statistics, the corresponding concept is the sample maximum and minimum.
Alligarina lini
Alligarina lini, the garnet minnow or Venus minnow, is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Xenocyprididae, the East Asian minnows or sharpbellies. This species is endemic to China. It was first collected from Hong Kong by A.W. Herre in 1936. The introduction of mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis) and habitat destruction caused the extirpation of this species from Hong Kong and the species was considered to be extinct in the wild. The specific name of this fish honors the Chinese ichthyologist Lin Shu-Yen (1903-1974).

Albert William Herre
Albert William Christian Theodore Herre (September 16, 1868 – January 16, 1962) was an American ichthyologist and lichenologist. Herre was born in 1868 in Toledo, Ohio. He was an alumnus of Stanford University, where he received a Bachelor of Science degree in botany in 1903. Herre also received a master's degree and a Ph.D. from Stanford, both in ichthyology. He died in Santa Cruz, California in 1962.
Isabel, Leyte
Isabel (IPA: [ʔɪsɐ'bɛl]), officially the Municipality of Isabel (Cebuano: Lungsod sa Isabel; Waray: Bungto han Isabel; Tagalog: Bayan ng Isabel), is a First Income Class municipality in the province of Leyte, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 46,858 people.

Poblacion
Poblacion (from Spanish población, meaning "population"), sometimes abbreviated as Pob., is a term used in the Philippines to refer to the administrative center, downtown, old town, or commercial area of a city or municipality. It may consist of a single barangay or multiple barangays. Colloquially, the poblacion area is also referred to as the bayan (see also other definitions of bayan), plaza, or centro.
T4 road (Tanzania)
The T4 is a Trunk road in Tanzania. The road runs along Lake Victoria in the regions of the Lake Zone in Tanzania. The T4 runs from Tarime at the Kenyan border all the way through Mwanza and Bukoba to the Ugandan border. The T4 is the only highway in the country that both starts and ends at an International border. The roads as it is approximately 765 km (475 mi). The road is entirely paved.

Bukoba
Bukoba is a city with a population of 144,938 (2022 census), situated in the northwest of Tanzania on the south-western shores of Lake Victoria. It is the capital of the Kagera region, and the administrative seat for Bukoba Urban District.

The city is served by Bukoba Airport and regular ferry connections to and from Mwanza, as well as roads to Uganda's Rakai District for cross-border commuters. Plans are underway for a standard gauge railway to Uganda.
Home Farm, Brodick
Home Farm was the estate farm for Brodick Castle. It now houses a series of tourist enterprises including a cheese shop and Arran Aromatics. This was the site of Khartoum which was a kind of shanty town. It appears that makeshift towns all over Britain were given exotic names in a kind of ironic way.

Opposite Home Farm is Murchie Sand Pit, which is Arran's largest lowland pond (or loch). The sands and gravels have a variety of uses but the most famous is that of being used for water purification in Saudi Arabia, a case of selling coals to Newcastle.

Coals to Newcastle
Selling, carrying, bringing, or taking coal(s) to Newcastle is an idiom of English origin describing a pointless action. It refers to the fact that, historically, the economy of Newcastle upon Tyne in north-eastern England was a great center of coal shipments from nearby mines, and therefore any attempt to sell coal to Newcastle would be foolhardy as supply would be greater there than anywhere else in Britain. Similarly, Newcastle, New South Wales (named after the northeastern city) has one of the largest coal ports in the world, and hence it would also be meaningless to ship coals there.