hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
August Wiera
August Daniel Wiera (28 March 1853 Jaama manor, near Tartu – 26 March 1919 Tartu) was an Estonian theatre and music person. Under his guidance, the Vanemuine Cultural Society's theatre collective became semi-professional.

With Wiera's help, the Estonian theater became semi-professional and the group's membership grew to one hundred.

In 1878 he become the head of Vanemuine Cultural Society. Until 1903 he worked at Vanemuine Cultural Society. Until 1913 he worked mostly at Bürgermusse.

He was the first in Estonia to introduce the new genre of music theatre.

Vanemuine Cultural Society
Vanemuine Cultural Society (Estonian: Vanemuine) is an Estonian cultural organization.

The society was established on 24 June 1865 by the initiative of Johann Voldemar Jannsen. At the beginning, the society focused on choir music.

In 1869, first Estonian Song Festival took place and the festival was organized by the society.

In 1870, first theatrical activities were taken place. These activities were the start of Estonian-language theatre.

In 1940, the society was closed.

In 1944, the society's buildings were destroyed due to military activity.

On 28 October 1994, the society re-established.

As of 2005, the society has 140 members.
Wheen
Wheen is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Arthur Wesley Wheen (1897–1971), Australian soldier, translator, and museum librarian

Francis Wheen (born 1957), British journalist, writer, and broadcaster

John Gladwell Wheen (died 1929), Methodist minister

Natalie Wheen (born 1947), English writer and radio presenter

Arthur Wheen
Arthur Wesley Wheen, MM & Two Bars (9 February 1897 – 15 March 1971) was an Australian soldier, translator and museum librarian. He is best known for translating the works of Erich Maria Remarque into English, beginning with the classic war novel All Quiet on the Western Front in 1929.
George Everts
George Everts was a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly in 1883. He was later an unsuccessful candidate for the Assembly in 1888, losing to Benjamin Charles Garside. Additionally, he had been town clerk of Granville, Wisconsin, and a county supervisor of Milwaukee County, Wisconsin. He was a Democrat. Everts was born on August 8, 1842, in Granville.

Granville, Wisconsin
Granville was a town located in Milwaukee County, Wisconsin, United States. One portion was incorporated as the village of Brown Deer in 1955; the remainder consolidated with the City of Milwaukee in 1956, and became a neighborhood of Milwaukee.
Karya, Lefkada
Karya (Greek: Καρυά) is a former municipality on the island of Lefkada, Ionian Islands, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Lefkada, of which it is a municipal unit. It lies in the central part of Lefkada. It has a land area of 30.867 km2. A large part of the population live in the former municipal seat, the town of Karyá.

The village Karya is located on the slopes of Pyrgos at 500 m above sea level.  The highest point in the municipal unit is the mountain Stavrota, elevation 1,158 m.

Ionian Islands (region)
The Ionian Islands Region (/aɪˈoʊniən/ eye-OH-nee-ən; Greek: Περιφέρεια Ιονίων Νήσων, romanized: Periféria Ioníon Níson, [periˈferia ioˈnion ˈnison]) is the smallest by area of the thirteen administrative regions of Greece located in the Ionian Sea. It comprises all the Ionian Islands except Kythera, which, although historically part of the island group, was separated and integrated to the Attica Region.
J.W. Mays
J.W. Mays, Inc. is a real estate firm based in Brooklyn, New York, United States. From 1927 until 1988 the company ran a chain of discount department stores in the area surrounding New York City referred to as Mays, with stores located in three of New York City's five boroughs, Long Island, and Putnam County. At its height as a retailer, the firm had 5000 employees working in 9 stores during the early 1970s.

Discount store
Discount stores are retail establishments that sell products at prices lower than the standard or recommended retail price. Discounters rely on bulk purchasing and efficient distribution to keep down costs. They include hypermarkets, "category killer" big box stores, warehouse club stores, discount grocery stores, dollar stores and variety stores.
Purple sand
Purple beaches are a phenomenon caused by the presence of a large amounts of almandine-pyrope garnet. or other purple minerals like manganese or rose quartz that have accumulated in the local sediment. These purple beaches are primarily found in the western Canadian Shield region or the northern continental United States; often in proximity to a major river systems with coarse sediment, a glacial sediment source, or input from glacial or para-glacial sediment.

Garnet
Garnets ( /ˈɡɑːrnɪt/) are a group of silicate minerals that have been used since the Bronze Age as gemstones and abrasives.

Garnet minerals, while sharing similar physical and crystallographic properties, exhibit a wide range of chemical compositions, defining distinct species. These species fall into two primary solid solution series: the pyralspite series (pyrope, almandine, spessartine), with the general formula [Mg,Fe,Mn]3Al2(SiO4)3; and the ugrandite series (uvarovite, grossular, andradite), with the general formula Ca3[Cr,Al,Fe]2(SiO4)3. Notable varieties of grossular include hessonite and tsavorite.

Although garnets are often associated with metamorphism, they can also occur in volcanic rocks on rare occasions.
Iwataya
Iwataya (岩田屋, Iwataya) is a Japanese department store chain in Fukuoka Prefecture and owned by Iwataya Mitsukoshi Ltd. (株式会社岩田屋三越, Kabushiki Gaisha Iwataya Mitsukoshi), a group company of Isetan Mitsukoshi Holdings, Ltd. Two stores are in Tenjin (est. 1936) and Kurume (est. 1972). One of Kyushu's oldest department stores, Iwataya has been in business in Tenjin for 70 years. In addition to garments and household goods, Iwataya offers items of a wide variety of genres as well as children's brands.

Isetan Mitsukoshi Holdings
Isetan Mitsukoshi Holdings Ltd. (株式会社三越伊勢丹ホールディングス, Kabushiki-gaisha Mitsukoshi Isetan Hōrudingusu) (TYO: 3099) is a holding company with the Mitsukoshi and Isetan department stores as its wholly owned subsidiaries.
Chiho
Chiho is a feminine Japanese given name. The meaning differs based on the kanji used to write it; it may also be written solely in hiragana. Notable people with this name include:

Chiho Aoshima (青島 千穂, born 1974), Japanese pop artist and member of Takashi Murakami's Kaikai Kiki Collective

Chiho Arai (荒井 千歩, born 1991), Japanese child actress

Chiho Hamada (浜田 千穂, born 1992), Japanese freestyle wrestler

Chiho Ishida (石田 千穂, born 2002), Japanese idol and singer

Chiho Murata, women's professional shogi player

Chiho Osawa (大澤 ちほ; born 1992), Japanese ice hockey player

Chiho Saito (斉藤 千穂, born 1967), Japanese manga artist, most noted for the manga Revolutionary Girl Utena

Chiho Takao (高尾 千穂, born 1984), Japanese freestyle skier

Chiho Torii (鳥居 千穂, born 1970), Japanese volleyball player

Chiho Watanabe (渡辺 千穂, born 1972), Japanese screenwriter

Chiho Saito
Chiho Saito (さいとうちほ, Saitō Chiho, born 29 June 1967) is a Japanese manga artist, most noted for the manga Revolutionary Girl Utena. In 1996, she received the Shogakukan Manga Award for shōjo for Kanon. She is part of the Be-Papas manga artist collective.

Her debut work was "Ken to Madomoaseru" (The Sword and the Mademoiselle) in 1982. Her hobbies are dance, music, opera, and sumo.
All American Chump
All American Chump is a 1936 American comedy film produced by MGM, directed by Edwin L. Marin and written by Lawrence Kimble. The film stars Stuart Erwin, Robert Armstrong, Betty Furness, Edmund Gwenn and Harvey Stephens.

Edwin L. Marin
Edwin Lawrence Marin (February 21, 1901 – May 2, 1951) was an American film director who directed 58 films between 1932 and 1951, working with Randolph Scott, Anna May Wong, John Wayne, Peter Lorre, George Raft, Bela Lugosi, Judy Garland, Eddie Cantor, Hoagy Carmichael, and others.
Go Europe!
Go Europe! is the fourth album of Japanese band Electric Eel Shock and was released in 2004 in Europe. This album was renamed and released also as Go USA!.

Track numbers in the following production information refers to the Bitzcore release of Go Europe!. Tracks 1, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16 were recorded at Sound Studio Face, Tokyo, Japan by Electric Eel Shock. Tracks 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 10 were recorded at 2 kHz, London, England by Sean Doherty. All tracks except 11, 14, and 15 were mixed and co-produced by Sean Doherty. Tracks 11, 14, and 15 were mixed and co-produced by Richard Narco. The album was mastered by Doug Shearer at Townhouse Studios, London, England.

Enhanced CD
Enhanced CD is a certification mark of the Recording Industry Association of America for various technologies that combine audio and computer data for use in both CD-Audio and CD-ROM players.

Formats that fall under the enhanced CD category include mixed mode CD (Yellow Book CD-ROM/Red Book CD-DA), CD-i, CD-i Ready, and CD-Extra/CD-Plus (Blue Book, also called simply Enhanced Music CD or E-CD).
Tarkughat
Tarkughat  is a village development committee in Lamjung District in the Gandaki Zone of northern-central Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 2650 people living in 536 individual households. This village lies at the bank of Marsyangdi river.

Gandaki Zone
Gandaki zone (Nepali: गण्डकी अञ्चलListenⓘ) was one of the fourteen zones of Nepal, located in the Western Development Region.  It was named Sapta Gandaki after the seven tributaries (Kali Gandaki, Trishuli, Budhi Gandaki, Marsyangdi, Madi, Seti Gandaki, and Daraundi) that make up the Gandaki River. Pokhara served as its regional and zonal headquarter. It was also the birthplace of Bhanubhakta Acharya, first poet of Nepal.

The Gandaki Zone was home to multiple cultures which are unique in themselves. Some, like the Magar and Gurung, have attained fame much like the Gurkha people.
Lauri Kivekäs
Lauri Jaakko Kivekäs, titled Vuorineuvos (7 July 1903, in Muuruvesi, Finland – 12 February 1998; surname until 1926 Stenbäck), was a Finnish businessman. He served as Minister of Trade and Industry from 1957 to 1958. He was the former chairman of Confederation of Finnish Industries and the first chairman of Nokia Corporation after the 1967 merger of the three Finnish companies Nokia Company, Finnish Rubber Works and Finnish Cable Works. He remained Nokia Chairman until 1977 when he was replaced by Björn Westerlund.

Minister of Trade and Industry (Finland)
The minister of trade and industry (Finnish: kauppa- ja teollisuusministeri) was one of the ministerial portfolios in the Finnish Government from 1918 to 2008.

In 2008, the position was replaced by Minister of Economic Affairs.
GM 4L30-E transmission
The 4L30-E was an automatic transmission developed and produced by General Motors. It was developed for light-duty use in longitudinal engine rear-wheel drive vehicles, replacing the similar TH180/3L30. The 4L30-E was used in many European and Japanese vehicles, including the BMW 3- and 5 Series, Isuzu Rodeo and its derivatives, and Opel Omega/Cadillac Catera. It was replaced by the 5-speed 5L40-E/5L50.  The 4L30-E was built at GM's transmission plant in Strasbourg, France.

Rear-wheel drive
Rear-wheel drive (RWD) is a form of engine and transmission layout used in motor vehicles, in which the engine drives the rear wheels only. Until the late 20th century, rear-wheel drive was the most common configuration for cars. 
Most rear-wheel drive vehicles feature a longitudinally-mounted engine at the front of the car.
Sándor Imre
Sándor Imre (13 October 1877 – 11 March 1945) was a Hungarian educator, who served as Minister of Religion and Education in 1919 for eight days. He proposed the education of the psychology on the universities, firstly in Hungary. His plans were fulfilled in 1929 at the University of Szeged. The Institute of Psychology on Szeged was created on 18 December 1929.

Institute of Psychology (Szeged)
Institute of Psychology of the University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary, is located at 2 Egyetem Street, at the Szeged University Campus of the Faculty of Arts. The Institute of Psychology in Szeged is the longest-standing psychology institute in Hungary (founded on 18 December 1929).

Today, the Institute provides a three-year Psychology Bachelor of Arts (BA) training, followed by a two-year Master of Arts (MA) course in two possible majors: Cognitive and Neuropsychology, or Counseling and Educational Psychology.
Richard Reid (entertainment reporter)
Richard Reid is an Australian-based American entertainment reporter.

He is known for his daily Hollywood gossip segment on the Nine Network's breakfast program Today from 2006 until 2015. During this time, he was also the resident style expert on Nine's makeover show, Domestic Blitz and appeared on other Nine programs such as 20 to One.

Entertainment journalism
Entertainment journalism is any form of journalism that focuses on popular culture and the entertainment business and its products. Like fashion journalism, entertainment journalism covers industry-specific news while targeting general audiences beyond those working in the industry itself. Common forms include lifestyle, television and film, theater, music, video game, and celebrity coverage.
2015 European Cross Country Championships
The 2015 European Cross Country Championships was the 22nd edition of the cross country running competition for European athletes. It was hosted in Hyères, France.

The 2014 runner-up Ali Kaya took the men's senior title, retaining the crown for Turkey. Spain, led by 2013 champion Alemayehu Bezabeh, returned to the top of the team rankings in that category. Sifan Hassan of the Netherlands was the women's senior winner, building upon her under-23 title win of 2013. Great Britain defended the women's team title, led by Kate Avery, who was runner-up for a second time running. Both senior individual runners were non-European born (Kenya for Kaya and Ethiopia for Hassan). All of the top five finishers in the men's race were born outside Europe.

Alemayehu Bezabeh
Alemayehu Bezabeh Desta (Amharic: አለማየሁ በዛበህ ደስታ; born c. 1986) is an athlete who competes in middle- and long-distance running on the track, and also in cross country. Born in Ethiopia, he represents Spain internationally. His brother, Sisay Bezabeh, is also a professional runner and represents Australia internationally.

In December 2010 Alemayehu Bezabeh was arrested as part of Operation Galgo, an investigation by the Spanish Guardia Civil into an alleged doping ring among athletes in Spain, having been caught red-handed carrying a bag of his own blood for a blood transfusion.
RBVZ-6
The RBVZ-6 (Russian: РБВЗ-6) was a WW1-era inline-six aircraft engine first built by the Russo-Baltic Wagon Factory (RBVZ) at their workshop in Riga with production later moving to Petrograd and then to Moscow.

The engine was based on the Benz Bz.III with modifications to suit the materials and manufacturing techniques available in the Russian Empire. The changes resulted in the RBVZ-6 being heavier and less powerful than the German original.

RBVZ-6 engines powered several variants of the Sikorsky Ilya Muromets aircraft where they proved highly reliable. RBVZ-6 engines remained in service with the Ilya Muromets fleet until 1922 by which time the model had been redesignated as the M-1 under the Soviet's aircraft engine numbering system.

Camshaft
A camshaft is a shaft that contains a row of pointed cams in order to convert rotational motion to reciprocating motion. Camshafts are used in piston engines (to operate the intake and exhaust valves), mechanically controlled ignition systems and early electric motor speed controllers.

Camshafts in piston engines are usually made from steel or cast iron, and the shape of the cams greatly affects the engine's characteristics.
Guyandotte Valley Railroad Company
The Guyandotte Valley Railroad Company was incorporated by the State of West Virginia on March 1, 1899. Under supervision of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railway, the GVRR constructed 50.2 miles of single track, standard gauge railroad line between Barboursville in Cabell County to Big Creek in Logan County. On October 31, 1903, the C&O acquired its franchise, rights, and property.

As a result of the Guyandotte Valley Railroad Company's diligent work, the rich timber and coal regions of the Guyandotte Valley were better connected to larger markets. It led to the development or growth of such towns as West Hamlin, Branchland, Midkiff, Brady, Ranger, Gill, Sand Creek, Atenville, Eden Park, Harts, Ferrellsburg, Green Shoal, and Big Creek.

Big Creek, West Virginia
Big Creek is a census-designated place (CDP) in Logan County, West Virginia, United States. Big Creek is located on West Virginia Route 10, 2.5 miles (4.0 km) northwest of Chapmanville. Big Creek has a post office with ZIP code 25505. As of the 2020 census, its population was 195 (down from 237 at the 2010 census).

The community takes its name from nearby Big Creek.
Ray Creasey
Raymond Frederick ''Ray'' Creasey OBE (18 December 1921 – 16 July 1976) was a British aerodynamicist with British Aircraft Corporation (previously English Electric) from 1948 until his death in 1976. He was responsible for the aerodynamics of the Lightning interceptor aircraft.

Vickers-Armstrongs
Vickers-Armstrongs Limited was a British engineering conglomerate formed by the merger of the assets of Vickers Limited and Sir W G Armstrong Whitworth & Company in 1927. The majority of the company was nationalised in the 1960s and 1970s, with the remainder being divested as Vickers plc in 1977.

It featured among Britain's most prominent armaments firms.
Julien Pierre
Julien Pierre (born 31 July 1981) is a French rugby union player for Clermont Auvergne in the Top 14. He plays as a lock.

He won his first cap on France's 2007 tour of New Zealand. He previously played for Bourgoin and La Rochelle. He was a replacement in the final as Clermont won the Top 14 title in 2009–10.

He was injured in an attack on him and other teammates in July 2014 after visiting a nightclub in Millau.

Millau
Millau (French pronunciation: [mijo] ⓘ; Occitan: Milhau pronounced [miˈʎaw]) is a commune in Occitania, France. Located at the confluence of the Tarn and Dourbie rivers, the town is a subprefecture of the Aveyron department.

Millau is known for its Viaduct, glove industry and several nearby natural landmarks such as the Gorges du Tarn. The surrounding Causses are renowned for their pastoral traditions and cheese production, including Roquefort.  In this regard, the region has been part of the Causses and Cévennes World Heritage Site since 2011.
2021 Italian Open – Men's doubles
Nikola Mektić and Mate Pavić defeated Rajeev Ram and Joe Salisbury in the final, 6–4, 7–6(7–4), to win the men's doubles tennis title at the 2021 Italian Open. The second seeds did not drop a set en route to their third ATP Tour Masters 1000 victory together and their sixth title overall of the season. The all-Croatian pair also became the second doubles team to have reached the finals of the first four Masters 1000 tournaments in a season after the Bryan brothers, who last accomplished the feat in 2018. Ram and Salisbury were competing for their first title of the season and their fourth title together.

Marcel Granollers and Horacio Zeballos were the defending champions, but they lost in the quarterfinals to Ram and Salisbury.

Ariel Behar
Ariel Behar (Spanish pronunciation: [aˈɾjel βeˈaɾ]; born November 12, 1989) is a Uruguayan professional tennis player who specializes in doubles. He has a career-high ATP doubles ranking of world No. 34 achieved on 6 May 2024. He has won three ATP Tour doubles titles, all of them with Ecuadorian Gonzalo Escobar.

Behar represents Uruguay at the Davis Cup since 2009.
Solvency
Solvency, in finance or business, is the degree to which the current assets of an individual or entity exceed the current liabilities of that individual or entity. Solvency can also be described as the ability of a corporation to meet its long-term fixed expenses and to accomplish long-term expansion and growth. This is best measured using the net liquid balance (NLB) formula. In this formula, solvency is calculated by adding cash and cash equivalents to short-term investments, then subtracting notes payable. There exist cryptographic schemes for both proofs of liabilities and assets, especially in the blockchain space.

Promissory note
A promissory note, sometimes referred to as a note payable, is a financial instrument in which one party (the maker or issuer) promises in writing to pay a determinate sum of money to the other (the payee), subject to any terms and conditions specified within the document.
William Robert Young
William Robert Young PC (Ire) DL (c.1856 – 12 September 1933) was an Irish linen merchant, politician and philanthropist.

Young was born at Galgorm Castle, Ballymena, County Antrim. He was educated at Harrow School and then joined the family firm of J. & R. Young of Belfast. A prominent Unionist, he was appointed to the Privy Council of Ireland in the honours for the opening of the Parliament of Northern Ireland in July 1921 for his charitable work, entitling him to the style "The Right Honourable".

Parliament of Northern Ireland
The Parliament of Northern Ireland was the home rule legislature of Northern Ireland, created under the Government of Ireland Act 1920, which sat from 7 June 1921 to 30 March 1972, when it was suspended because of its inability to restore order during the Troubles, resulting in the introduction of direct rule. It was abolished under the Northern Ireland Constitution Act 1973.

The Parliament of Northern Ireland was bicameral, consisting of a House of Commons with 52 seats, and an indirectly elected Senate with 26 seats. The Sovereign was represented by the governor (initially by the Lord Lieutenant), who granted royal assent to Acts of Parliament in Northern Ireland, but executive power rested with the prime minister, the leader of the largest party in the House of Commons.
Fenshui Township, Hunan
Fenshui Township (simplified Chinese: 分水乡; traditional Chinese: 分水鄉; pinyin: Fēnshuǐ Xiāng) is a rural township in Xiangtan County, Xiangtan City, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China. It's surrounded by Shigu Town on the west, Xiangxiang City on the north, Paitou Township on the east, and Shigu Town on the south. As of the 2000 census it had a population of 39,898 and an area of 85.33 square kilometres (32.95 sq mi).

Xiangxiang
Xiangxiang (simplified Chinese: 湘乡; traditional Chinese: 湘鄉; pinyin: Xiāngxiāng) is a county-level city under the administration of Xiangtan, Hunan province, China. Located on Central Hunan and the west of Xiangtan, Xiangxiang is bordered by Ningxiang County and Shaoshan City to the north, Xiangtan County to the east, Shuangfeng County to the south, Louxing District of Loudi City to the west, it has an area of 1,912.7 km2 (738.5 sq mi) with a population of roughly 850,000 (as of 2012). It has four subdistricts, 15 towns and three townships under its jurisdiction, the government seat is Wangchunmen (望春门街道).
Vesmina Shikova
Vesmina W. Shikova (Bulgarian: Весмина Шикова; born 3 October 1951) is a Bulgarian chess player. She received the FIDE title of Woman International Master (WIM) in 1971 and won the Bulgarian Women's Chess Championship in 1972.

Bulgarian Chess Championship
The Bulgarian Chess Championship is an event inaugurated in 1933 to crown the best chess player in Bulgaria. The championship has been held on a nearly annual basis since, with only a few years missed. In recent years some of the very best Bulgarian players have not participated in the championship, including former World Champions Veselin Topalov and Antoaneta Stefanova.