hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Charles B. Lawrence (judge)
Charles Brush Lawrence (December 17, 1820 – April 9, 1883) was an American jurist.

Born in Vergennes, Vermont, Lawrence received his bachelor's degree from Union College in 1841. Lawrence served as an Illinois circuit court judge. From 1864 until 1873, Lawrence served on the Illinois Supreme Court and was chief justice of the court. He lived in Galesburg, Illinois. Lawrence died in Decatur, Alabama.

Galesburg, Illinois
Galesburg is a city in Knox County, Illinois, United States. The city is 45 miles (72 km) northwest of Peoria. At the 2020 census, its population was 30,052. Galesburg is the home of Knox College, a private four-year liberal arts college, and Carl Sandburg College, a community college named for native-born poet Carl Sandburg.

Galesburg is the county seat of Knox County and the principal city of the Galesburg Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes all of Knox and Warren counties. A 496-acre (201 ha) section of the city is listed on the National Register of Historic Places as the Galesburg Historic District.
The Second Invasion from Mars
The Second Invasion from Mars (Russian: Второе нашествие марсиан), subtitled Diary of a Sane [Person] (Russian: Записки здравомыслящего), is a relatively short 1968 science fiction novel by Arkady and Boris Strugatsky that portrays two weeks from the life of a common person in highly unusual circumstances. The novel raises the question of the balance between simple, basic needs such as food and stability, and the elevated spiritual values such as "pride of humanity", but rather than explicitly arguing either of the approaches, the novel simply shows that common person's reactions and visualizes his thoughts.

The subtitle of the novel, which may be more literally translated as "Diary of Healthy-Thinking", is a reference to the well known story "Diary of a Madman" by Nikolai Gogol.

Diary of a Madman (Nikolai Gogol)
"Diary of a Madman" (Russian: Записки сумасшедшего, Zapiski sumasshedshevo) is a farcical short story by Nikolai Gogol first published in 1835. Along with "The Overcoat" and "The Nose", "Diary of a Madman" is considered to be one of Gogol's greatest short stories. The tale centers on the life of a minor civil servant during the era of Nicholas I. The story shows the descent of the protagonist, Poprishchin, into insanity. "Diary of a Madman", the only one of Gogol's works written in first person, follows diary-entry format.
Dardan (rapper)
Dardan Mushkolaj (Albanian: [daɾdan muʃkolaj]; born 2 October 1997), also known under the pseudonym Mister Dardy, is a German rapper.

He was born into an Albanian family from Deçan, Kosovo, in the district Zuffenhausen of Stuttgart, Germany. He rose to significant prominence in German-speaking Europe following the release of his first single "Telefon" in 2017.

Deçan
Deçan (pronounced [dɛˈtʃan]; Albanian definite form: Deçani; Serbian: Дечани, pronounced [dɛ̌t͡ʃani]) is a town and municipality in the district of Gjakova, Kosovo. The municipality has an area of 293.94 km2 (113.49 sq mi) and it includes the town and 37 smaller settlements. According to the last census of 2024, the municipality has a population of 27,775.
The Taking of Excalibur
The Taking of Excalibur is an oil painting by John Duncan in 1897. It is currently placed at the City Art Centre, Edinburgh. This Dundee-born, Symbolist painter was known for his work on Arthurian Legends, Celtic folklore and various other mythological subjects.

City Art Centre
The City Art Centre is part of the Museums & Galleries Edinburgh, which sits under the Culture directorate of the City of Edinburgh Council. The City Art Centre has a collection which include historic and modern Scottish painting and photography, as well as contemporary art and craft. It is an exhibition based venue with no permanent displays.

The City Art Centre is home to the City of Edinburgh's Recognised collection of Scottish Art. Edinburgh's fine art collection is approximately 4,800 pieces of Scottish work in a variety of mediums. Artists such Fergusson, Eardley, Paolozzi are represented in the collection as well as many other Edinburgh-based and Scottish artists. Artists are represented dating from the 17th century to the present day.
CSM Râmnicu Sărat
Club Sportiv Municipal Râmnicu Sărat (Romanian pronunciation: [ˌklub sporˈtiv ˈrɨmniku ˌrɨmniku səˈrat]), commonly known as CSM Râmnicu Sărat or Râmnicu Sărat, is a Romanian professional football team based in Râmnicu Sărat, Buzău County, currently competes in Liga III, the third level of the Romanian football.

The team has been known over time by various names, including Spartac, Flamura Roșie, Voința, Progresul, Ferodoul, Acvaterm, and Olimpia, and plays its home matches at Râmnicu Sărat Municipal Stadium.

Football team
A football team is a group of players selected to play together in the various team sports known as football. Such teams could be selected to play in a match against an opposing team, to represent a football club, group, state or nation, an all-star team or even selected as a hypothetical team (such as a dream team or team of the century) and never play an actual match.

The difference between a football team and a football club is incorporation, a football club is an entity which is formed and governed by a committee and has members which may consist of supporters in addition to players. The benefit of club formation is that it gives teams access to additional volunteer or paid support staff, facilities and equipment.
Zick Jasper
Kim Han-gil (Korean: 김한길; born July 26, 1988) better known by his stage name Zick Jasper (직 재스퍼), formerly 5Zic, is a South Korean rapper and beatboxer. He was a former member of the hip-hop group M.I.B, where he served as a rapper and the leader of the group. He made his recording debut with the single "Beautiful Day" just before his debut with the group. He is currently signed under Jungle Entertainment.

Beatboxing
Beatboxing (also, and sometimes, called beat boxing) is a form of vocal percussion primarily involving the art of mimicking drum machines (usually a TR-808), using one's mouth, lips, tongue, throat, and voice. It may also involve vocal imitation of turntablism, and other musical instruments. Beatboxing today is connected with hip-hop culture, often referred to as "the fifth element" of hip-hop, although it is not limited to hip-hop music. The term "beatboxing" is sometimes used to refer to vocal percussion in general.
Filip Adžić
Filip Adžić (Montenegrin Cyrillic: Филип Аџић) is a Montenegrin politician.

Adžić was born in Cetinje, in the Socialist Republic of Montenegro, then part of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, in 1986. He is vice-president of United Reform Action, a green, socially liberal, and pro-European party.

Until 31 October 2023, he was the Minister of the Interior of Montenegro, appointed on 28 April 2022. He was also the country's acting Minister of Defense.

Green liberalism
Green liberalism, or liberal environmentalism, is liberalism that includes green politics in its ideology. Green liberals are usually liberal on social issues and "green" on economic issues. The term "green liberalism" was coined by political philosopher Marcel Wissenburg in his 1998 book Green Liberalism: The Free and The Green Society. He argues that liberalism must reject the idea of absolute property rights and accept restraints that limit the freedom to abuse nature and natural resources. However, he rejects the control of population growth and any control over the distribution of resources as incompatible with individual liberty, instead favoring supply-side control: more efficient production and curbs on overproduction and overexploitation. This view tends to dominate the movement, although critics say it actually puts individual liberties above sustainability.
Route 30 (Iceland)
Skeiða- og Hrunamannavegur (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈsceiːða- ɔɣ ˈr̥ʏːnaˌmannaˌvɛːɣʏr̥], lit. 'Skeiða-and-Hrunamanna Road') or Route 30 is a national road in the Southern Region of Iceland. It runs from Route 1 east of Þjórsá, through the village of Flúðir to the intersection of Biskupstungnabraut.

Hrunamannahreppur
Hrunamannahreppur (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈr̥ʏːnaˌmanːaˌr̥ɛhpʏr̥] ⓘ, lit. 'Hreppur (district) of the people of Hruni') is a municipality located in Iceland. Its major settlement is Flúðir.

The district abuts the Highlands, so that farmers' livestock occasionally strays there.

Hrunamannahreppur and other parts of southwest Iceland were among the first where biting midges (Ceratopogonidae) were detected after their first appearance in Iceland in 2015.
George de Cantilupe
George de Cantilupe (1252–1273) (anciently Cantelow, Cantelou, Canteloupe, etc, Latinised to de Cantilupo)   was Lord of Abergavenny from the Marches of South Wales under Edward I of England. He was born on the 29 March 1252 at Abergavenny Castle in Monmouthshire, the son of William III de Cantilupe and Eva de Braose. He married Margaret de Lacy, of the powerful de Lacy dynasty,  daughter of Edmund de Lacy, 2nd Earl of Lincoln and his wife Alasia, daughter of Manfred III, Marquess of Saluzzo, and Beatrix of Savoy.

He was named a Knights Bachelor on 13 October 1272.

His other estates, apart from Abergavenny, included the manor of Bridgwater in Somerset; there were also Irish estates. He died on 18 October 1273, aged 21. He was succeeded by his nephew John Hastings, 1st Baron Hastings.

Beatrice of Savoy, Marchioness of Saluzzo
Beatrice of Savoy (before 4 March 1223 – January 1258) was Marchioness of Saluzzo by marriage to Manfred III, Marquess of Saluzzo, and remarriage to Manfred. She was regent of Saluzzo during the minority of her son in 1244.
2018 VTV Awards
The 2018 VTV Awards (Vietnamese: Ấn tượng VTV - Sắc màu 2018) is a ceremony honouring the outstanding achievement in television on the Vietnam Television (VTV) network from August 2017 to July 2018. It took place on September 7, 2018 in Hanoi and hosted by Minh Hà & Thành Trung.

Vietnam Television
Vietnam Television, officially branded as VTV, is the national television broadcaster of Vietnam. As the state broadcaster under the Government of Vietnam, VTV is tasked with "propagating the views of the Party, policies, laws of the government, improve people's knowledge and serve the spiritual life of the people".

VTV exists alongside the Voice of Vietnam and the Vietnam News Agency as the official information agencies under direct administration of the Government of Vietnam.
Maternity Liv
"Maternity Liv" is the seventh episode of the first season of the American television series iZombie. The series stars Rose McIver and revolves around medical examiner Olivia Moore, who was turned into a zombie and must eat brains to sustain herself and solve crimes. The episode was written by Bob Dearden and directed by Patrick Norris. The episode aired on The CW on April 28, 2015.

"Maternity Liv" sees Olivia consume the brain of a mother and take on maternal instincts and places an emphasis on the importance of family. The episode was met with mixed reception from critics though the humor elements were praised.

IZombie (TV series)
iZombie is an American supernatural procedural drama television series developed by Rob Thomas and Diane Ruggiero-Wright for the CW. It is an adaptation of the DC comic book series iZombie created by Chris Roberson and Michael Allred. The series premiered on March 17, 2015, and ran for five seasons, ending on August 1, 2019. It follows the adventures of doctor-turned-zombie Olivia "Liv" Moore (Rose McIver), a Seattle Police medical examiner who helps solve murders after eating the victims' brains and temporarily absorbing their memories and personalities.
Bahía de Cata
10°29′33″N 67°44′21″W﻿ / ﻿10.49250°N 67.73917°W﻿ / 10.49250; -67.73917

Bahía de Cata (Bay of Cata) is a beach of Aragua state (Venezuela), of large size, fine sand, clear waters and adorned by the shadow of upright coconut trees. Bahía de Cata has become a seaside area of great concurrence. It has cabins and restaurants and is located 58 km from Maracay along the road of El Limón.

With a town of 3,500 inhabitants and only 53 km from Maracay, besides of Bahía de Cata, the Araguan coast has beaches like Catica, La Ensenada de Juan Andrés and Cuyagua, Ensenadas de Chuao, Café, Puerto Maya and La Ciénaga de Ocumare, to which is accessed only by boat or by hiking through the Henri Pittier National Park.

Maracay
Maracay (Spanish pronunciation: [maɾaˈkaj]) is a city in north-central Venezuela, near the Caribbean coast, and is the capital and most important city of the state of Aragua. Most of it falls under the jurisdiction of Girardot Municipality. The population of Maracay and its surroundings in the 2011 census was 955,362. In Venezuela, Maracay is known as "Ciudad Jardín" ("Garden City").
Leif Erichsen
Leif Erichsen (15 October 1888 – 4 March 1924) was a Norwegian sailor.

Erichsen competed in the 1920 Summer Olympics. He was a crew member of the Norwegian boat Marmi, which won the silver medal in the 6 metre class (1907 rating). He died of pneumonia in Drammen, 35 years old.

Drammen
Drammen (Norwegian pronunciation: [ˈdrɑ̀mːən] ⓘ) is a city and municipality in Buskerud county, Norway. The port and river city of Drammen is centrally located in the south-eastern and most populated part of Norway. Drammen municipality also includes smaller towns and villages such as Konnerud, Svelvik, Mjøndalen and Skoger.
Hermosa niña
Hermosa niña is 1998 Colombian telenovela created by Jimena Romero from a screenplay by Bernardo Romero Pereiro. The series is produced by Fox Telecolombia (formerly known as Telecolombia) for Canal Uno. It stars Ana Lucía Domínguez as the titular character, it was also the second telenovela in which the singer Fanny Lu participated.

Canal 1
Canal 1 (English: Channel 1; pronounced "Canal Uno" (Spanish pronunciation: [kanˈal ˈuno]) is a Colombian free-to-air television channel. It is owned by HMTV1, a subsidiary of Hemisphere Media Group and managed by Phoenix Media, a private company. From 1957 to 2017, the channel was administered by private programming companies known as programadoras (television production companies; literally, "programmers"), which bid for time slots with the Colombian state.
Cellini (surname)
Cellini is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Benvenuto Cellini (1500–1571), Italian goldsmith, painter, sculptor, soldier and musician

Dino Cellini (1914–1978), Italian-American mobster

Julie Cellini (21st century), American journalist

Karen Cellini (born 1958), American actress

Marco Cellini (born 1981), Italian footballer

Renato Cellini (1912–1967), Italian opera conductor

Vince Cellini (born 1959), American sports announcer

Karen Cellini
Karen Cellini (born May 13, 1958, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania), is an American multidisciplinary live performance artist, producer, writer, and activist. As an actress, she is known for portraying Amanda Carrington in season seven of the 1980s prime time drama Dynasty in 1986.
Rodalb
The Rodalb (German pronunciation: [ˈʁoːtʔalp]), also called the Rodalbe, is a stream, just under 26 km (16 mi) long, in West Palatinate in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate. It is an orographically left tributary of the Schwarzbach.

Orography
Orography is the study of the topographic relief of mountains, and can more broadly include hills, water stream directions and any part of a region's elevated terrain. Orography (also known as oreography, orology, or oreology) falls within the broader discipline of geomorphology. The term orography comes from the Greek: όρος, hill, γράφω, to write.
2006–07 UCI Africa Tour
The 2006–07 UCI Africa Tour was the third season of the UCI Africa Tour. The season began on 6 October 2006 with the Grand Prix Chantal Biya and ended on 16 September 2007 with the Dome 2 Dome Cycling Spectacular.

The points leader, based on the cumulative results of previous races, wears the UCI Africa Tour cycling jersey. Rabaki Jérémie Ouédraogo of Burkina Faso was the defending champion of the 2005–06 UCI Africa Tour. Hassen Ben Nasser of Tunisia was crowned as the 2006–07 UCI Africa Tour champion.

Throughout the season, points are awarded to the top finishers of stages within stage races and the final general classification standings of each of the stages races and one-day events. The quality and complexity of a race also determines how many points are awarded to the top finishers, the higher the UCI rating of a race, the more points are awarded.
The UCI ratings from highest to lowest are as follows:

Multi-day events: 2.HC, 2.1 and 2.2

One-day events: 1.HC, 1.1 and 1.2

Grand Prix Chantal Biya
Grand Prix Chantal Biya is a professional road bicycle racing stage race held in Cameroon and sponsored by the Fédération Camerounaise de Cyclisme/Ateba Koungou.  The race is named in honor of Chantal Biya, the First Lady of Cameroon as wife of President Paul Biya.
Television in Bermuda
Television in Bermuda was introduced in 1958. All broadcast television stations serving the islands of Bermuda operate from the city of Hamilton, Bermuda. The current television stations in Bermuda include:

ZFB-TV, an ABC affiliate owned by Bermuda Broadcasting

ZBM-TV, a CBS affiliate owned by Bermuda Broadcasting

The other television station formerly serving across this country was:

VSB-TV, an NBC affiliate (defunct in 2014)

Timeline of the introduction of television in countries
This is a list of when the first publicly announced television broadcasts occurred in the mentioned countries. Non-public field tests and closed circuit demonstrations are not included.

This list should not be interpreted to mean the whole of a country had television service by the specified date. For example, the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, and the former Soviet Union all had operational television stations and a limited number of viewers by 1939. Very few cities in each country had television service. Television broadcasts were not yet available in most places.
Nemocón
Nemocón is a municipality and town of Colombia in the Central Savanna Province, part of the department of Cundinamarca. Nemocón, famous for its salt mine, was an important village in the Muisca Confederation, the country in the central Colombian Andes before the arrival of the Spanish.

The municipality is situated in the northern part of the Bogotá savanna, part of the Altiplano Cundiboyacense with its urban centre at an altitude of 2,585 metres (8,481 ft) and 65 kilometres (40 mi) from the capital Bogotá. Nemocón is the northeasternmost municipality of the Metropolitan Area of Bogotá and the Bogotá River originates close to Nemocón. The median temperature of Nemocón is 12.8 °C. The municipality borders Tausa in the north, Zipaquirá and Gachancipá in the south, Suesca  in the east, and Cogua in the west.

Central Savanna Province
Central Savanna Province (Spanish: Sabana Centro) is one of the fifteen provinces of Cundinamarca, in Colombia.  It is located in the central area of the department, and has 11 municipalities. The province capital is the city of Zipaquirá.
Dhamgar Union
Dhamgar Union (Bengali: ধামগড় ইউনিয়ন) is a union parishad of Bandar Upazila in Narayanganj District of the Division of Dhaka, Bangladesh. It has a population of 13,362 men and 12,848 women. The union has a literacy rate of 54.3 per cent.

Dhaka Division
Dhaka Division (Bengali: ঢাকা বিভাগ, romanized: Ḍhaka Bibhag) is an administrative division of Bangladesh. Dhaka serves as the capital city of Dhaka Division, the Dhaka District and Bangladesh. The division remains a population magnet, and covers an area of 20,508.8 km2 with a population in excess of 44 million, it is one of the fastest growing populous administrative divisions of the world, growing at a rate of 1.94% since prior count, compared with the national average of 1.22%. However, national figures may include data skewing expatriation of male labor force as gender ratio is skewed towards females.

Dhaka Division borders every other division in the country except Rangpur Division. It is bounded by Mymensingh Division to the north, Barisal Division to the south, Chittagong Division to the east and south-east, Sylhet Division to the north-east, and Rajshahi Division to the west and Khulna Divisions to the south-west.
Roger Urbahn
Roger James Urbahn (31 July 1934 – 27 November 1984) was a New Zealand rugby union player, cricketer, and sports journalist.

A halfback, Urbahn played representative rugby for Taranaki at a provincial level between 1955 and 1966. He was a member of the New Zealand national side, the All Blacks, in 1959 and 1960, playing 15 matches including three internationals. In all he scored three tries for the All Blacks. An all-round sportsman, Urbahn also played Hawke Cup cricket for Taranaki. He trained as a school teacher at Ardmore Teachers' Training College and worked in that profession until 1962, when he became a journalist, rising to become sports editor of the Taranaki Daily News. Urbahn died in New Plymouth on 27 November 1984.

Ardmore, New Zealand
Ardmore is a large rural locality of Auckland, New Zealand, located to the south-east of Auckland CBD, just 27 km away. Ardmore is in the Franklin Ward, one of the thirteen administrative divisions of Auckland, and is under local governance of Auckland Council.
Frank Stubb Micaelsen
Frank Stubb Micaelsen (9 May 1947 – 24 September 2013) was a Norwegian schoolteacher, poet and novelist.

He was born in Porsgrunn to Johnny Micaelsen and Gerd Stubb Olsen. He graduated as a schoolteacher in 1975, and as cand.philol. from the University of Trondheim in 1986.

Micaelsen made his literary debut in 1975 with the poetry collection Kamerat Sirius, and followed up with Tante Ingas kaffekos in 1976. In these collections he typically describes trivial objects to which he attributes new and unexpected properties. The collections Sol. Diesel from 1981 and Fjernlysets krets (1983) explore the mixture of nature, machinery and urban objects. His novel Maifesten was published in 1982. The collections Amor med gevær from 1985 and Mannskoret fra Utopia from 1987 describe life from a masculine perspective, with elements such as fishing expeditions, boozing, hangovers, horniness and heartsickness.

He was awarded Hartvig Kirans minnepris in 1985.

Masculinity
Masculinity (also called manhood or manliness) is a set of attributes, behaviors, and roles generally associated with men and boys. Masculinity can be theoretically understood as socially constructed, and there is also evidence that some behaviors considered masculine are influenced by both cultural factors and biological factors. To what extent masculinity is biologically or socially influenced is subject to debate. It is distinct from the definition of the biological male sex, as anyone can exhibit masculine traits. Standards of masculinity vary across different cultures and historical periods. In Western cultures, its meaning is traditionally drawn from being contrasted with femininity.
Lath (horse)
Lath (foaled 1732) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse. He won at least four races, including a 1000-guinea sweepstakes at Newmarket and a match race against Squirt. After retiring from racing he became a stallion and produced a number of high-class runners and also sired the grand-dam of St. Leger winner Hollandoise.

Match racing
A match race is a race between two competitors, going head-to-head.

In sailboat racing it is differentiated from a fleet race, which almost always involves three or more competitors competing against each other, and team racing where teams consisting of 2, 3 or 4 boats compete together in a team race, with their results being combined.

In horse racing, it has historically been a format used for one-off events, but in 2009 IMRA, the International Match Race Association was created to enable anyone to enter a one-on-one horse race in all-terrain half-mile loops.