hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Andrea Nightingale
Andrea Wilson Nightingale (born 1959) is an American scholar working in the field of Classics.  She is a Professor of Classics at Stanford University.  She works on Ancient philosophy and literature, focusing on the intersection of philosophy and literature.  She has also taught and written on ecological issues from a literary and philosophical point of view.

Robert Pogue Harrison
Robert Pogue Harrison is an American literary scholar, cultural critic, and public intellectual. He is Professor Emeritus of French and Italian and Rosina Pierotti Professor Emeritus of Italian Literature at Stanford University. Harrison is known for his studies on Dante, and medieval Italian poetry as well as for his broader philosophical and cultural reflections on nature, mortality, and the human condition. He is also the creator and host of the long-running literary podcast Entitled Opinions (About Life and Literature).

He has been a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences since 2007. In October 2014, he was decorated with the title of Chevalier of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres by the French government.
Komatii Formation
The Komati Formation, also named as Komatii Formation, is a 3.475 billion year old Paleoarchean rock formation, named after the nearby Komati River in South Africa. It is the type locality for komatiite, a high temperature, magnesium-rich volcanic rock occurring in the Barberton Greenstone Belt, Mpumalanga.

Paleoarchean
The Paleoarchean (/ˌpeɪlioʊ.ɑːrˈkiːən, ˌpæl-/ PAY-lee-oh-ar-KEE-ən, PAL-), also spelled Palaeoarchaean (formerly known as the early Archean), is a geologic era within the Archean Eon. The name derives from Greek "Palaios" ancient. It spans the period of time 3,600 to 3,200 million years ago. The era is defined chronometrically and is not referenced to a specific level of a rock section on Earth. The earliest confirmed evidence of life comes from this era, and Vaalbara, one of Earth's earliest supercontinents, may have formed during this era.
Jeremiah Driver
Jeremiah Driver (16 May 1861 – 10 December 1946) was an English first-class cricketer, who played two matches for Yorkshire County Cricket Club in 1889, against Gloucestershire and Lancashire. A wicket-keeper, he took two catches and scored 24 runs at an average of 8.00.

Born in Keighley, Yorkshire, he died in his home town in December 1946.

Keighley
Keighley (/ˈkiːθli/ ⓘ KEETH-lee) is a market town and a civil parish
in the City of Bradford Borough of West Yorkshire, England. It is the second-largest settlement in the borough, after Bradford.

Keighley is 8 miles (13 kilometres) north-west of Bradford, 4 mi (6.5 km) north-west of Bingley, 11 mi (18 km) north of Halifax and 8 mi (13 km) south-east of Skipton. It is governed by Keighley Town Council and Bradford City Council. Keighley is in West Yorkshire, close to the borders of North Yorkshire and Lancashire. Historically in the West Riding of Yorkshire, it lies between Airedale and Keighley Moors. At the 2011 census, Keighley had a population of 56,348.
Apletodon incognitus
Apletodon incognitus is a species of clingfish of the family Gobiesocidae. The species is endemic to north-eastern Atlantic Ocean to north-western Mediterranean Sea. The juvenile fish which measure around 1–2 centimetres (0.39–0.79 in) standard length (SL) are frequently recorded as having an association with sea urchins and in beds of Posidonia oceanica. The adults hide under stones covered with red coralline algae and in the empty shells of mussels near beds of Posidonia and Cymodocea nodosa. Within the beds of Posidonia it is often found in sympatry with Opeatogenys gracilis.

Opeatogenys gracilis
Opeatogenys gracilis is a species of clingfish from the family Gobiesocidae which is found in the Mediterranean Sea and in the eastern Atlantic Ocean. Suggested common names for this species are the pygmy clingfish and the seagrass clingfish.
2023–24 Women's Big Bash League Final
The 2023 Women's Big Bash League Final was played on 2 December 2023 at the Adelaide Oval in Adelaide. It was a Day/Night Twenty20 match, which decided the winner of the 2023 season. Adelaide Strikers won the match and the title by defeating Brisbane Heat by 3 runs.

Adelaide Strikers (WBBL)
The Adelaide Strikers are an Australian women's Twenty20 cricket team based in North Adelaide, South Australia. They compete in the Women's Big Bash League, and won their first championship in WBBL|08.
Hydroxyzine
Hydroxyzine, sold under the brand names Atarax and Vistaril among others, is an antihistamine medication. It is used in the treatment of itchiness, anxiety, insomnia, and nausea (including that due to motion sickness). It is used either by mouth or injection into a muscle.

Hydroxyzine works by blocking the effects of histamine. It is a first-generation antihistamine in the piperazine family of chemicals. Common side effects include sleepiness, headache, and dry mouth. Serious side effects may include QT prolongation. It is unclear if use during pregnancy or breastfeeding is safe.

It was first made by Union Chimique Belge in 1956 and was approved for sale by Pfizer in the United States later that year. In 2023, it was the 39th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 15 million prescriptions.

Xerostomia
Xerostomia, also known as dry mouth, is a subjective complaint of dryness in the mouth, which may be associated with a change in the composition of saliva, reduced salivary flow, or have no identifiable cause.

This symptom is very common and is often seen as a side effect of many types of medication. It is more common in older people (mostly because individuals in this group are more likely to take several medications) and in people who breathe through their mouths. Dehydration, radiotherapy involving the salivary glands, chemotherapy and several diseases can cause reduced salivation (hyposalivation), or a change in saliva consistency and hence a complaint of xerostomia. Sometimes there is no identifiable cause, and there may sometimes be a psychogenic reason for the complaint.
USS Ella (1859)
The first USS Ella was a steamer acquired by the Union Navy during the American Civil War. She was used by the Union Navy as a picket and patrol vessel, as well as a dispatch boat, on Confederate waterways.

Union navy
The Union navy is used to describe the United States Navy (USN) during the American Civil War, when it fought the Confederate States Navy (CSN). The term is sometimes used to describe vessels of war used on the rivers of the interior under the control of the Union army.
2-Bromoanisole
2-Bromoanisole is an organobromide with the formula BrC6H4OCH3.  A colorless liquid, it is one of three isomers of bromoanisole, the others being 3-bromoanisole and 4-bromoanisole. It is a standard coupling partner in metal catalyzed coupling reactions.  These reactions include Heck reactions, Buchwald-Hartwig coupling, Suzuki couplings, and Ullmann condensations.  The corresponding Grignard reagent readily forms.  It is a precursor to o-anisaldehyde.

Cross-coupling partner
In cross-coupling reactions, the component reagents are called cross-coupling partners or simply coupling partners.  These reagents can be further classified according to their nucleophilic vs electrophilic character:

R-X  +  R'-Y  →   R-R'  +  XY

Typically the electrophilic coupling partner (R-X) is an aryl halide, but triflates are also used.  Nucleophilic coupling (R'-Y) partners are more diverse.  In the Suzuki reaction, boronic esters and boronic acids serve as nucleophilic coupling partners.  Expanding the scope of coupling partners is a focus methods development in organic synthesis.
Jim Rhodes
James Allen Rhodes (September 13, 1909 – March 4, 2001) was an American attorney and Republican politician who served as the 61st and 63rd Governor of Ohio from 1963 to 1971 and from 1975 to 1983. Rhodes was one of only seven U.S. governors to serve four four-year terms in office.  Rhodes is tied for the sixth-longest gubernatorial tenure in post-Constitutional U.S. history at 5,840 days. He also served as Mayor of Columbus from 1944 to 1952 and Ohio State Auditor from 1953 to 1963.

On May 3, 1970, Rhodes sent National Guard troops onto the Kent State University campus at the request of Kent, Ohio mayor LeRoy Satrom  after the ROTC building was burned down by unknown arsonists the previous night. On May 4, Guardsmen killed four students and wounded nine others.

Ohio Army National Guard
The Ohio Army National Guard is a part of the Ohio National Guard and the Army National Guard of the United States Army.  It is also a component of the organized militia of the state of Ohio, which also includes the Ohio Naval Militia, the Ohio Military Reserve and the Ohio Air National Guard.  The Ohio Army National Guard consists of a variety of combat, combat support, and combat service support units.  As of September 2010, its end strength exceeded 11,400 soldiers.  Its headquarters is the Beightler Armory in Columbus, Ohio.  Many units conduct Annual Training at Camp Grayling, Michigan.

On May 4, 1970, Guard units infamously opened fire onto a crowd of both Vietnam War protestors and simple bystanders on the campus of Kent State University. This incident  killed four and wounded nine others, an event known as the Kent State shootings.   The President's Commission on Campus Unrest concluded that the Guard's actions were "unnecessary, unwarranted, and inexcusable."
Egglescliffe
Egglescliffe is a village and civil parish in County Durham, England.  Administratively it is located in the borough of Stockton-on-Tees.

The civil parish is in the Teesdale with a population of 8,559 at the 2011 Census. In the 2021 census the group of interconnected villages in the parish and Preston-on-Tees had a population of 10,250, in the larger village to small town classification. It has Egglescliffe School (secondary and sixth-form), a light industrial estate, two railway stations and golf club. Villages in the parish include Eaglescliffe, Urlay Nook, Sunningdale, Orchard and a development on the former Allens West MOD site.

The village is on top of a hill with the River Tees at the bottom, overlooking Yarm on the other bank. It had a 2001 population of around 595, There is a Church of England primary school, small kids play area, farms, allotments and a public house (called the Pot and Glass).

Victor Watts
Victor Watts, FSA, FRHistS (18 April 1938 – 21 December 2002) was a British toponymist, medievalist, translator, and academic, specialising in English place-names. He served as Master of Grey College, Durham from 1989 until his sudden death in 2002. He had been a lecturer in English at Durham University from 1962, honorary director of the English Place-Name Survey from 1993, and editor of the Journal of the English Place-Name Society from 1996.
Shaharpara
Shaharpara (Bengali: শাহারপাড়া) is a village of historical importance in the south-eastern part of Sunamganj District, Bangladesh. It was founded in 1315 CE by Shah Kamal Quhafah and his disciples. It is approximately one hour drive away from the city of Sylhet and also from Sunamganj. The village is at the heart of the Sylhet Division and nestles on the bank of the river Ratna.

It is located about two hours' drive from Sylhet city and Sunamganj and about an hour's drive from Jagannathpur Upazila. The traditional village of Shaharpara is bordered by Balampur and Buriya villages to the south, Shapati Haor to the north, Tilak to the east, and Audat village to the west.

Sylhet Division
Sylhet Division (Bengali: সিলেট বিভাগ, pronounced [sileʈ bibʱaɡ] ⓘ) is the northeastern division of Bangladesh. It covers an area of approximately 12,298 km2 (4,748 sq mi), and shares international borders with the Indian states of Meghalaya, Assam and Tripura to the north, east and south respectively—while domestically it adjoins the divisions of Chattogram to the southwest and Dhaka and Mymensingh to the west. Renowned for its lush tea gardens, rolling hills and vibrant cultural heritage—Sylhet's capital is its namesake, and the fifth-largest urban agglomeration in Bangladesh.

Prior to Partition in 1947, it included Karimganj subdivision (presently in Barak Valley, Assam, India). However, Karimganj (including the thanas of Badarpur, Patharkandi and Ratabari) was inexplicably severed from Sylhet by the Radcliffe Boundary Commission. According to Niharranjan Ray, it was partly due to a plea from a delegation led by Abdul Matlib Mazumdar.
Apirat Kongsompong
Apirat Kongsompong (Thai: อภิรัชต์ คงสมพงษ์; RTGS: Apirat Khongsomphong; born 23 March 1960) is a retired Thai military officer who was the Commander in Chief of the Royal Thai Army from October 2018 to September 2020. He also served as the Vice-Chamberlain of the Royal Household Bureau and the deputy director of the Crown Property Bureau from 2020 to 2024.

Kongsompong held multiple positions in various bodies and industries throughout his career, including Chairman of the board of directors of Government Lottery Office, Independent Director at Bangchak Petroleum Public Co., Member of the National Legislative Assembly, Secretary of the National Council for Peace and Order, and Member of the Senate.

Chulachomklao Royal Military Academy
Chulachomklao Royal Military Academy (CRMA) (Thai: โรงเรียนนายร้อยพระจุลจอมเกล้า; RTGS: Rongrian Nairoi Phra Chunlachomklao) is the service academy of Royal Thai Army (RTA). Established in 1887 it has graduated the majority of Thailand's military leaders, many of whom have become Thai prime ministers. The academy has an intense training program. There are about 200 cadets in each class.
Ruth Wilson Gilmore
Ruth Wilson Gilmore (born April 2, 1950) is a prison abolitionist and prison scholar. She is the Director of the Center for Place, Culture, and Politics and professor of geography in Earth and Environmental Sciences at the Graduate Center of the City University of New York. She has made important contributions to carceral geography, the "study of the interrelationships across space, institutions and political economy that shape and define modern incarceration". She received the 2020 Lifetime Achievement Award from the American Association of Geographers.

Antipode (journal)
Antipode: A Radical Journal of Geography is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published five times per year by Wiley-Blackwell and produced by The Antipode Foundation. Its coverage centers on critical human geography and it seeks to encourage radical spatial theorizations based on Marxist, socialist, anarchist, anti-racist, anticolonial, feminist, queer, trans*, green, and postcolonial thought. Originally inspired by the social justice movements of the 1960s, the journal supports progressive causes through the work of the Antipode Foundation, a UK registered charity. Antipode is also known for its online "Interventions", its book series, and its diverse workshops and lectures. The chief co-editors are Sharad Chari, Tariq Jazeel, Katherine McKittrick, Jenny Pickerill and Nik Theodore.
Orlando Antonio Naranjo
Orlando Antonio Naranjo Villarroel (13 June 1951) is a Venezuelan astronomer and professor at the Faculty of Sciences of the University of Los Andes. Born in Anaco, Anzoátegui state, he is renowned for being the co-discoverer of Comet Shoemaker–Levy 9 and an active researcher of minor planets.

Anaco
Anaco is a city in Anzoátegui State, Venezuela, the shire town of Anaco Municipality. It is an industrial town, connected to the natural gas and petroleum industries. Estimated population (as of 2005): 106,275 inhabitants.
Chip Perfect
Clyde A. "Chip" Perfect Jr. is a former Republican member of the Indiana Senate. He represented District 43, which includes all of the counties of Ohio and Jennings along with parts of the counties of Bartholomew, Dearborn, Decatur, Jackson, and Ripley. He was elected to the Senate in 2014, succeeding Johnny Nugent. He was a member of the Senate's committees on agriculture, local government, natural resources, and pensions and labor.  Perfect introduced a bill in 2019 to remove restrictions on child labor, raising conflict-of-interest concerns, as this would likely benefit his business.

Indiana Senate
The Indiana State Senate is the upper house of the Indiana General Assembly, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Indiana. The Senate is composed of 50 members representing an equal number of constituent districts. Senators serve four-year terms without term limits. According to the 2010 U.S. census, the average state senator represents 129,676 people.

The Senate convenes at the Indiana Statehouse in Indianapolis, Indiana.
Alessandro Antonelli
Alessandro Antonelli (14 July 1798 – 18 October 1888) was an Italian architect of the 19th century. He was the most prominent Neoclassical 19th-century architect in Piedmont, with a long and prolific career that included designs for houses, churches and major urban planning schemes. His most famous works are the Mole Antonelliana in Turin, one of the tallest masonry structures ever erected, and both the Novara Cathedral and the Basilica of San Gaudenzio in Novara.

Borgolavezzaro
Borgolavezzaro (Piedmontese: Borghlavzar, Lombard: Burglavsàr) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Novara in the Italian region of Piedmont, which is located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) northeast of Turin and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) southeast of Novara.

Borgolavezzaro borders the following municipalities: Albonese, Cilavegna, Nicorvo, Robbio, Tornaco, Vespolate.

Borgolavezzaro was founded in 1200.

It was the birthplace of illustrious figures like the war's minister and Alpine group's founder Cesare Magnani Ricotti, the italian writers Luigi Gramegna and Gaudenzio Merula, and Luigi Tornielli, politician and founder of BPN one of the most important bank of northern Italy.
Firearms (video game)
Firearms is a first-person shooter mod for Half-Life which originated from a Quake modification. Initially developed in 1998, Firearms was created as a quasi-realistic team-based FPS. The mod's main feature is the large amount of usable weapons in the game.

Quake (series)
Quake is a series of first-person shooter video games, developed by id Software and, as of 2010, published by Bethesda Softworks. The series is composed of Quake and its nonlinear, standalone sequels, which vary in setting and plot.

Quake was created as a successor franchise to id's highly successful Doom series, which had begun in 1993. As a new series, it built upon the fast-paced gameplay, game engine, and 3D graphics capabilities of Doom. It also expanded upon the multiplayer capabilities of Doom by introducing online multiplayer over the internet. This contributed to the popularity of the Quake series and characterized it as a figurehead in online gaming. By 2009, the series sold more than 5 million copies.
The Race (yachting race)
The Race was a round-the-world sailing race that started in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, on December 31, 2000.

The race was created by Bruno Peyron, and it was the first ever non-stop, no-rules, no-limits, round-the-world sailing event, with a $2 million US prize.

The stated objectives of this race were:

to unite the different maritime cultures of the world

to gather together the world's premiere yachtsmen and women in a common event

to promote creativity in ocean sailing

to ally high technology and the environment

to create the most spectacular and most prestigious fleet of offshore racers that sailing has ever seen

A second race was planned for 2004, but was cancelled amid controversy that Tracy Edwards had organised a competing event called Oryx Quest.

Tracy Edwards
Tracy Edwards, MBE (born 5 September 1962) is a British sailor. In 1989 she skippered the first all-female crew in the Whitbread Round the World Yacht Race, becoming the first woman to receive the Yachtsman of the Year Trophy and was appointed MBE. She has written two books about her experiences.
Novorossiysk Fuel Oil Terminal
Novorossiysk Fuel Oil Terminal is an oil terminal located in Novorossiysk, Russia. It is jointly owned by Gunvor and Novorossiysk Commercial Sea Port. The terminal in Novorossiysk was commissioned in 2012. The terminal has a capacity of 119,000 cubic metres (4,200,000 cu ft) and a throughput of 5 million tons a year. The terminal in Tuapse consists of three oil handling sites with the total storage capacity of 198,600 cubic metres (7,010,000 cu ft), including 37,000 cubic metres (1,300,000 cu ft) of the own tanks. In the port of Nakhodka, Primorsky Region, it leases tanks of 67,000 cubic metres (2,400,000 cu ft). The company's bunkering facilities in Primorsk Port of Leningrad Oblast have a total capacity of 219,000 cubic metres (7,700,000 cu ft).

Tuapse
Tuapse (Russian: Туапсе́; Adyghe: Тӏуапсэ, Ṫuapsă [tʷʼapsə]) is a town in Krasnodar Krai, Russia, situated on the northeast shore of the Black Sea, south of Gelendzhik and north of Sochi. Population: 61,571 (2021 Census); 63,292 (2010 Census); 64,238 (2002 Census); 63,081 (1989 Soviet census).

Tuapse is a sea port and the northern center of a resort zone which extends south to Sochi.
Earl of Burlington
Earl of Burlington is a title that has been created twice, the first time in the Peerage of England in 1664 and the second in the Peerage of the United Kingdom in 1831. Since 1858, Earl of Burlington has been a courtesy title used by the dukes of Devonshire, traditionally borne by the duke's grandson, who is the eldest son of the duke's eldest son, the marquess of Hartington.

Courtesy title
A courtesy title is a title that does not have legal significance but is rather used by custom or courtesy, particularly, in the context of nobility, the titles used by children of members of the nobility (cf. substantive title).

In some contexts, courtesy title is used to mean the more general concept of a title or honorific such as Mr., Mrs., Ms., Miss, Madam, Sir for those who have not been awarded a knighthood or a baronetcy, as well as Dr. for physicians who have not actually achieved a doctorate.
Rick Upchurch
Richard Upchurch (born May 20, 1952) is an American former professional football player who was a wide receiver and return specialist in the National Football League (NFL). He played his entire career with the Denver Broncos from 1975 to 1983. One of 29 individuals to be selected to multiple All-Decade teams, Upchurch is noted as one of the greatest return specialists of all time.

Return specialist
A return specialist, subcategorized as kick or punt returners, is a player on the special teams unit of a gridiron football team who specializes in returning kickoffs and punts. There are few players who are exclusively return specialists; most also play another position such as wide receiver, cornerback, or running back. The special teams counterpart of a return specialist is a kicking specialist.

According to All-American Venric Mark, "Returning punts is harder. You have to judge the ball more, you have to know when to fair catch and when not to. You can't be a superhero and try to catch everything. With kickoff returns, you catch the ball and—boom—you're going."
Clinidium talamanca
Clinidium talamanca is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Rhysodinae. It was described by Ross Bell & J.R. Bell in 2009. It is endemic to the eponymous Cordillera de Talamanca in Puntarenas Province, Costa Rica.

Clinidium talamanca measure 7.5–7.8 mm (0.30–0.31 in) in length.

Ross Bell
Ross Taylor Bell (April 23, 1929 – November 9, 2019) was an American entomologist with particular interest in the invertebrate natural history of Vermont, United States, and carabid beetles. Together with his wife, Joyce Rockenbach Bell, his work at the University of Vermont was largely taxonomic, where they described more than 75% of the rhysodine species known to science. Ross also wrote a number of seminal papers in his chosen field.