hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Psychological continuum model
The psychological continuum model (PCM) is a framework to organise prior literature from various academic disciplines to explain sport and event consumer behaviour. 
The framework suggests four stages—awareness, attraction, attachment and allegiance—to describe how sport and event involvement progressively develops with corresponding behaviours (e.g., playing, watching, buying). The PCM uses a vertical framework to characterise various psychological connections that individuals form with objects to explain the role of attitude formation and change that directs behaviours across a variety of consumption activities. Explaining the how and why of sport and event consumer behaviour, it discusses how personal, psychological and environmental factors influence a wide range of sport consumption activities.

Conceptual framework
A conceptual framework is an analytical tool with several variations and contexts. It can be applied in different categories of work where an overall picture is needed. It is used to make conceptual distinctions and organize ideas. Strong conceptual frameworks capture something real and do this in a way that is easy to remember and apply.
Tom Clancy's Op-Center (novel)
Op-Center or Tom Clancy's Op-Center (1995) is the first novel in Tom Clancy's Op-Center created by Tom Clancy and Steve Pieczenik. It was written by Jeff Rovin. It was adapted into the film of the same name.

Tom Clancy's Op Center (film)
Tom Clancy's Op Center (stylized as OP Center) is a 114-minute action-political thriller film which was edited-down from a 170-minute, 4-hour television miniseries of the same name that aired in two parts on NBC on February 26–27, 1995.

Directed by Lewis Teague and produced by Richard L. O'Connor, with story by Tom Clancy, Steve Pieczenik and Steve Sohmer, it features an ensemble cast including Harry Hamlin, Lindsay Frost, Wilford Brimley, Deidre Hall, Ken Howard, Bo Hopkins, Carl Weathers, Kim Cattrall, John Savage and Rod Steiger. The miniseries was directed by Lewis Teague.
Thando Biyela
Thandolwethu Biyela (born 4 June 2004) is a South African rugby union player for the Golden Lions in the Currie Cup. He was a part of the South Africa U20 team that won the 2025 World Rugby U20 championship. He mainly plays as a blindside flanker, but can also play as an eighthman.

Flanker (rugby union)
Flanker is a position in the sport of rugby union. Each team of 15 players includes two flankers, who play in the forwards, and are generally classified as either blindside or openside flankers, numbers 6 and 7 respectively. The name comes from their position in a scrum in which they 'flank' each set of forwards. They compete for the ball – most commonly in rucks and mauls. Flankers also assist in pushing in a scrum, but are expected to detach from the scrum as soon as the ball is out to get to the play before the opposition's forwards. Flankers also participate in line-outs, either being lifted to contest or win possession, or to lift other players. Flankers are usually the key participants in the tackling process. The flankers, especially the openside, are often the fastest forwards on the team but still relied upon for tackling.
Manthorpe
Manthorpe is the name of two places, both in the South Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England:

Manthorpe, Grantham

Manthorpe, Bourne

It is also an English language surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Charles Manthorpe (1836–1898), Congregationalist minister in Glenelg, South Australia

Manthorpe, Bourne
Manthorpe is a village in the civil parish of Toft with Lound and Manthorpe, in the South Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. It lies 0.5 miles (0.8 km) east from the A6121, 3 miles (5 km) south-west from Bourne and 6 miles (10 km) north-east from Stamford. Manthorpe was formerly in the parish of Witham on-the-Hill, in 1866 Manthorpe became a separate civil parish, on 1 April 1931 the parish was abolished to form "Toft with Lound and Manthorpe". In 1921 the parish had a population of 74.

At the western side of the village runs the East Glen River.

At Bowthorpe Park Farm is the Bowthorpe Oak, with the largest girth in the UK. The tree has a circumference of about 44 feet (13 metres).
Beskids
The Beskids or Beskid Mountains (Polish: Beskidy; Czech: Beskydy; Slovak: Beskydy; Rusyn: Бескиды, Beskydŷ; Ukrainian: Бескиди, Beskydy) are a series of mountain ranges in the Carpathians, stretching from the Czech Republic in the west along the border of Poland with Slovakia up to Ukraine in the east.

The highest mountain in the Beskids is Hoverla, at 2,061 m (6,762 ft).

Island Beskids
The Island Beskids (in Polish, Beskid Wyspowy) is a mountain range in southern Poland, part of the Western Beskids of the Outer Western Carpathians, with significant natural resources, folk culture, medieval history, and developing resources for tourism.

The distinctive feature of this region is its isolated, individual peaks, from which derives its name.  The highest peak is Mogielica (1170 meters).  Other major peaks include Ćwilin (1072 meters), Jasien (1052 meters), Modyń (1029 meters), Luboń Wielki (1022 meters), and Krzystonów (1012 meters).

Natural reserves in the range include:

Białowodzka Mountain Nature Reserve

Kamionna Nature Reserve

Kostrza Nature Reserve

Luboń Wielki Nature Reserve

Mogielica Nature Reserve (established March 12, 2011)

Śnieżnica Nature Reserve

Villages in the range include Szczyrzyc.
TU Corvi
TU Corvi is a yellow-white hued star in the southern constellation of Corvus. It is a dimly visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 6.20. The distance to this star can be estimated from its annual parallax shift of 13.3 mas, yielding a range of about 246 light years. Based upon measured changes in its proper motion, it may be a close binary system.

This is an F-type main-sequence star with a stellar classification of F0 V. Previously it had been classed as F0 III, matching an evolved giant star. It is a Delta Scuti variable, varying by an amplitude of 0.025 in B magnitude with a period of 118 minutes. At the age of 786 million years, it has a high rate of spin with a projected rotational velocity of 103 km/s. The star has 1.45 times the mass of the Sun and is radiating 12.6 times the Sun's luminosity from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 7,132 K.

Stellar rotation
Stellar rotation is the angular motion of a star about its axis. The rate of rotation can be measured from the spectrum of the star, or by timing the movements of active features on the surface.

The rotation of a star produces an equatorial bulge due to centrifugal force. As stars are not solid bodies, they can also undergo differential rotation. Thus the equator of the star can rotate at a different angular velocity than the higher latitudes. These differences in the rate of rotation within a star may have a significant role in the generation of a stellar magnetic field.

In its turn, the magnetic field of a star interacts with the stellar wind. As the wind moves away from the star its angular speed decreases. The magnetic field of the star interacts with the wind, which applies a drag to the stellar rotation. As a result, angular momentum is transferred from the star to the wind, and over time this gradually slows the star's rate of rotation.
New Belgium
New Belgium can refer to:

New Netherland, the territory claimed by the United Provinces (the Netherlands) on the eastern coast of North America in the 17th century

New Belgium Brewing Company, a brewery located in Fort Collins, Colorado

Similar terms:

New Belgian Front, a neo-Nazi political organization in Belgium.

New Belgium Brewing Company
New Belgium Brewing Company is a nationally distributed brewery in the United States. The brand produces Fat Tire Ale, Voodoo Ranger IPA, Mural Agua Fresca Cerveza, and La Folie Sour Brown Ale, among other regular and seasonal beer varieties.  Founded by Kim Jordan and Jeff Lebesch in 1991 in Fort Collins, Colorado, the company expanded to Asheville, North Carolina, in 2016 and Denver, Colorado, in 2018.
Absent in the Spring
Absent in the Spring is a novel written by Agatha Christie and first published in the United Kingdom by Collins in August 1944 and in the United States by Farrar & Rinehart later in the same year. It was the third of six novels Christie wrote under the pen name Mary Westmacott.

Farrar & Rinehart
Farrar & Rinehart (1929–1946) was a United States book publishing company founded in New York. Farrar & Rinehart enjoyed success with both non-fiction and novels, notably, the landmark Rivers of America Series and the first ten books in the Nero Wolfe corpus of Rex Stout. In 1943 the company was recognized with the first Carey-Thomas Award for creative publishing presented by Publishers Weekly.
William G. Taylor
Captain William G. Taylor (9 August 1829 – 28 March 1910) was an American sailor who fought in the American Civil War. Taylor received his country's highest award for bravery during combat, the Medal of Honor, for his actions on the USS Ticonderoga during the First Battle of Fort Fisher.

Taylor was from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and buried in Quincy, Illinois.

First Battle of Fort Fisher
The First Battle of Fort Fisher was a naval siege in the American Civil War, when the Union tried to capture the fort guarding Wilmington, North Carolina, the South's last major Atlantic port. Led by Major General Benjamin Butler, it lasted from December 24–27, 1864.

The Union navy first attempted to detonate a ship filled with powder in order to demolish the fort's walls but this failed; the navy then launched a two-day bombardment in order to demolish the fort and compel surrender. On the second day, the Union army started landing troops in order to begin the siege. But Butler got news of enemy reinforcements approaching, and in the worsening weather conditions, he aborted the operation, declaring the fort to be impregnable. To his embarrassment, Butler was relieved of command on January 8, 1865, and was replaced by Major General Alfred H. Terry, who led a follow-up expedition that captured the fort one week later.
Sinbad and the Caliph of Baghdad
Sinbad and the Caliph of Baghdad (Italian: Simbad e il califfo di Bagdad) is a 1973 Italian adventure film directed by Pietro Francisci and starring Robert Malcolm, Sonia Wilson, Luigi Bonos and Arturo Dominici Based on the legend of Sinbad, it was the director Francisci's final film.

It was shot at the Elios Studios in Rome and on location in Egypt. The soundtrack features music from Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov's Scheherazade.

Scheherazade (Rimsky-Korsakov)
Scheherazade, also commonly Sheherazade (Russian: Шехеразада, romanized: Shekherazada, IPA: [ʂɨxʲɪrɐˈzadə]), Op. 35, is a symphonic suite composed by Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov in 1888 and based on One Thousand and One Nights (also known as The Arabian Nights).

This orchestral work combines two features typical of Russian music in general and of Rimsky-Korsakov in particular: dazzling, colorful orchestration and an interest in the East, which figured greatly in the history of the Russian Empire, as well as Orientalism in general. The name "Scheherazade" refers to the main character Scheherazade of One Thousand and One Nights. It is one of Rimsky-Korsakov's most popular works.
Pallimas Valley
The Pallimas Valley Urdu (وادی پلیماس) Sindhi (وادي پلیماس) is a valley in Wadh Tehsil, nearby Wadh town of Khuzdar District, Balochistan, a western province of Pakistan.The Kunj and other hill torrents flow from mountainous area towards the valley. The ancient inscriptions and Tharia Cave Paintings have been explored in the vicinity of this valley as well. Many historical and archaeological sites are located in the valley which possibly date from the prehistoric Amri-Nal civilisation.

Wadh Tehsil
Wadh (Brahui: وڈھ; Balochi: وڈھ, pronounced [ʋəɖʱ]) is an administrative subdivision (tehsil) of Khuzdar District in Balochistan, Pakistan. It is one of ten administrative units comprising both tehsils and sub-tehsils within the district, alongside Aranji, Gresha, Karakh, Khuzdar, Nal, Moola, Ornach, Saroona, and Zehri.

Until 1 March 1974, Wadh was part of the former Jhalawan state. On that date, it was designated as one of the three original tehsils (along with Nal and Khuzdar) upon the establishment of a separate district within Balochistan.
Oxilofrine
Oxilofrine, sold under the brand names Carnigen and Suprifen among others, is a sympathomimetic medication which has been used as an antihypotensive agent and cough suppressant. It is taken by mouth.

Oxilofrine acts as a norepinephrine releasing agent and hence is an indirectly acting sympathomimetic. It is a substituted amphetamine and is closely related to ephedrine (with oxilofrine also being known as 4-hydroxyephedrine).

Oxilofrine was first developed in the 1930s. It is mostly no longer marketed today.

Oral administration
Oral administration is a route of administration whereby a substance is taken through the mouth, swallowed, and then processed via the digestive system. This is a common route of administration for many medications.

Oral administration can be easier and less painful than other routes of administration, such as injection.  However, the onset of action is relatively low, and the effectiveness is reduced if it is not absorbed properly in the digestive system, or if it is broken down by digestive enzymes before it can reach the bloodstream. Some medications may cause gastrointestinal side effects, such as nausea or vomiting, when taken orally. Oral administration can also only be applied to conscious patients, and patients able to swallow.
Hassi Abdallah, Algeria
Hassi Abdallah is a village in the commune of Ksabi, in Ouled Khoudir District, Béchar Province, Algeria. The village is located on the northeast bank of the Oued Saoura 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) southeast of Ksabi. It is connected both Ksabi and the N6 national highway by local roads.

Oued Saoura
Oued Saoura is an intermittent river, or wadi, formed from the confluence of the Oued Guir and Oued Zouzfana at Igli, forming the Saoura valley. While in the past the flow of the river was steady and plentiful, in recent years it has diminished due to the construction of the Djorf Torba Dam on the Oued Guir.
INS Baratang
INS Baratang (T68) is the fourth and last Bangaram-class patrol vessel of the Indian Navy. It is designed for interdiction against fast moving surface vessels and for search-and-rescue operations in coastal areas and in the exclusive economic zone. Named after Baratang in the Andaman Islands, the vessel was designed and built by Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers. The diesel generators on board are supplied by Cummins India. The electronic equipment on board is from Bharat Electronics Limited, ECIL, and Hindustan Aeronautics Limited.

Bharat Electronics
Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL) is an Indian public sector aerospace and defence electronics company, headquartered in Bengaluru. It primarily manufactures advanced electronic products for ground and aerospace applications. BEL is one of sixteen PSUs under the administration of the Ministry of Defence of India. It has been granted Navratna status by the Government of India.
31 equal temperament
In music, 31 equal temperament,  31 ET, which can also be abbreviated   31 TET (31 tone ET) or 31 EDO (equal division of the octave), also known as tricesimoprimal, is the tempered scale derived by dividing the octave into 31 equally-proportioned steps (equal frequency ratios). Playⓘ Each step represents a frequency ratio of 31√2 , or 38.71 cents (Playⓘ).

31 EDO is often thought to be a very accurate approximation of quarter-comma meantone temperament. More generally, it is a regular diatonic tuning in which the tempered perfect fifth is equal to 696.77 cents, as shown in Figure 1. On an isomorphic keyboard, the fingering of music composed in 31 EDO is precisely the same as it is in any other syntonic tuning (such as 12 EDO), so long as the notes are spelled properly—that is, with no assumption of enharmonicity.

Subminor and supermajor
In music, a subminor interval is an interval that is noticeably wider than a diminished interval but noticeably narrower than a minor interval. It is found in between a minor and diminished interval, thus making it below, or subminor to, the minor interval. A supermajor interval is a musical interval that is noticeably wider than a major interval but noticeably narrower than an augmented interval. It is found in between a major and augmented interval, thus making it above, or supermajor to, the major interval. The inversion of a supermajor interval is a subminor interval, and there are four major and four minor intervals, allowing for eight supermajor and subminor intervals, each with variants.

Traditionally, "supermajor and subminor, [are] the names given to certain thirds [9:7 and 17:14] found in the justly intoned scale with a natural or subminor seventh."
Uniforms of the Singapore Police Force
The Singapore Police Force has employed several different styles of uniforms throughout its history. Since 1969 it has used dark blue for its uniforms, although the first police uniforms introduced in 1856 were also in the same colour.

Velcro
Hook-and-loop fasteners, commonly known as Velcro (a trademarked term that the manufacturer renders in all-capital letters as VELCRO), hook-and-pile fasteners or touch fasteners are versatile fastening devices that allow two surfaces to be repeatedly attached and detached with ease. Invented in the mid-20th century, they are widely used in clothing, accessories, and various industrial and consumer applications. The fastener consists of two complementary components: one with tiny hooks and the other with soft loops. When pressed together, the hooks catch the loops, creating a secure but temporary bond. The fasteners can be separated by peeling or pulling the surfaces apart, often producing a distinctive ripping sound.
Wilberforce Kisamba Mugerwa
Wilberforce Kisamba Mugerwa, also Wilberforce Kisamba-Mugerwa, (5 July 1945 –  7 January 2021) was a Ugandan agricultural economist, politician and academic, who served as the chairman of the Uganda Microfinance Support Center, a government-owned company established in 2001, that manages micro credit programs in Uganda, funded by the African Development Bank, Islamic Development Bank and the Ugandan government. Immediately prior to his last position, for the ten years between 2008 and 2018, he served as the chairman of the National Planning Authority of Uganda.

African Development Bank
The African Development Bank Group  (AfDB, also known as BAD in French) is a multilateral development finance institution, headquartered in Abidjan, Ivory Coast, since September 2014. The AfDB is a financial provider to African governments and private companies investing in the regional member countries (RMC).

The AfDB was founded in 1964 by the Organisation of African Unity, which is the predecessor of the African Union.

The AfDB comprises three entities: The African Development Bank, the African Development Fund and the Nigeria Trust Fund.
Masters and Johnson Institute
The Masters and Johnson Institute (1964–1994) was the clinical and research foundation of sexologist duo Masters and Johnson. Located in Saint Louis, Missouri, the institute was established to study human sexuality with particular emphasis on the anatomy and physiology of human sexual response and the diagnosis and treatment of sexual dysfunctions.

Founded as the Reproductive Biology Research Foundation, the organization changed its name to the Masters and Johnson Institute in 1978; it closed in 1994.

Human sexual response cycle
The human sexual response cycle is a four-stage model of physiological responses to sexual stimulation, which, in order of their occurrence, are the excitement, plateau, orgasmic, and resolution phases. This physiological response model was first formulated by William H. Masters and Virginia E. Johnson, in their 1966 book Human Sexual Response. Since that time, other models regarding human sexual response have been formulated by several scholars who have criticized certain inaccuracies in the human sexual response cycle model.
Santa Claus Bank Robbery
The Santa Claus Bank Robbery occurred on December 23, 1927, in the Central Texas town of Cisco.  Marshall Ratliff, dressed as Santa Claus, along with Henry Helms and Robert Hill, all ex-cons, and Louis Davis, a relative of Helms, held up the First National Bank in Cisco. The robbery is one of Texas' most infamous crimes, having invoked the largest manhunt ever seen in the state. Boyce House, editor of the Ranger Times, a newspaper in the county at the time, wrote that this was "the most spectacular crime in the history of the Southwest ... surpassing any in which Billy the Kid or the James boys had ever figured."

Huntsville, Texas
Huntsville is a city in and the county seat of Walker County, Texas, United States. Its population was 45,941 as of the 2020 census. It is the center of the Huntsville micropolitan area. Huntsville is in the East Texas Piney Woods on Interstate 45 and home to Sam Houston State University, Texas State Prison, the Texas Department of Criminal Justice, Huntsville State Park, and HEARTS Veterans Museum of Texas.

The city served as the residence of Sam Houston, the first and third president of the Republic of Texas, who later represented the state in the U.S. Senate and as Governor of Texas. He is recognized in Huntsville by the Sam Houston Memorial Museum, a statue on Interstate 45, and Sam Houston State University, located in central Huntsville.
White House Farm (Chestertown, Maryland)
White House Farm is a historic home located at Kennedyville, Kent County, Maryland, United States. The oldest section of the 1+1⁄2-story stuccoed brick house was built in 1721. The house is located on an elevated site, within an informally landscaped yard which retains evidence of historic terracing. Also on the property is a late-19th-century brick dairy.

White House Farm was built in 1721 by Daniel Perkins who was a miller and stone cutter, newly arrived from New Hampshire.  He arrived in Kent County in 1710 and obtained the milling rights to dam the West branch of Morgan Creek.  Remnants of this dam are still visible from Rt 213.  He not only built a small house there with the flour mill but also a sawmill and a fulling mill. After acquiring more property in 1720, he began building the larger brick home up on the hill for his family, overlooking his mills.

The White House Farm was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.

Kennedyville, Maryland
Kennedyville is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Kent County, Maryland, United States. As of the 2010 census it had a population of 199.

Knocks Folly, Shrewsbury Church, and Woodland Hall are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Guthlac Edwards
Guthlac Edwards (died 1560) was an English politician.

A Worcester clothier by trade, he was elected MP for Worcester in 1559, but is not mentioned in the proceedings of the Parliament. He made his will in October 1559, and it was proved on 3 June 1560.

Worcester (UK Parliament constituency)
Worcester is a borough constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Since 1885 it has elected one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election; from 1295 to 1885 it elected two MPs.
Washington Township, Illinois
Washington Township is the name of three townships in Illinois:

Washington Township, Carroll County, Illinois

Washington Township, Tazewell County, Illinois

Washington Township, Will County, Illinois

See also

Washington Township (disambiguation)

Washington Township, Will County, Illinois
Washington Township is located in Will County, Illinois. As of the 2010 census, its population was 6,263 and it contained 2,404 housing units. Washington Township was formed from Crete Township and Sherburn Township on an unknown date.