hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vesperopterylus
Vesperopterylus (meaning "dusk wing") is a genus of anurognathid pterosaur from the Early Cretaceous Jiufotang Formation of China, the geologically youngest member of its group. Notably, Vesperopterylus appears to have a reversed first toe, which would have been suited for gripping; it was likely arboreal, climbing or clinging to tree branches with curved, sharp claws. It also has a relatively short tail, in contrast with its tailless (Jeholopterus) and long-tailed (Dendrorhynchoides) relatives. It was first described and named by Lü Junchang et al. While the original spelling of the name was Versperopterylus, this was a typo, and was emended by the authors in accordance with the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.

Lü Junchang
Lü Junchang (Chinese: 吕君昌; 1965 – 9 October 2018) was a Chinese palaeontologist and professor at the Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences. An expert on Mesozoic reptiles, he described and named dozens of dinosaur and pterosaur taxa including Tongtianlong, Qianzhousaurus, Heyuannia, Gannansaurus, Yunnanosaurus youngi, and Darwinopterus.
Sweethead
Sweethead is an American alternative rock band formed in 2008. The group's lineup consists of singer Serrina Sims and guitarist/multi-instrumentalist Troy Van Leeuwen (of Queens of the Stone Age, formerly of A Perfect Circle, Enemy and Failure). For recording and touring they are joined by a variety of guest musicians, many of which are current or former members of Queens of the Stone Age or Mark Lanegan Band.

Sweethead have released two studio albums—Sweethead (2009) and Descent to the Surface (2016)—and one extended play, The Great Disruptors (2009).

Billy Howerdel
William L. Howerdel (born May 18, 1970) is an American musician, best known as a founding member, guitarist, backing vocalist, songwriter, and producer for the band A Perfect Circle, as well as for his former solo project, Ashes Divide. Howerdel has recorded six studio albums across his career: four with A Perfect Circle, one under the moniker Ashes Divide, and one under his own name.
Catalonia national rugby union team
The Catalonia national rugby union team is the national and/or representative rugby union team of Catalonia. It is organised by the Catalan Rugby Federation and has been active since 1923. On 14 April 1934 they made their international debut with a 5–5 draw at the Camp de Les Corts against Italy.

Spanish Regions Championship (rugby union)
The Spanish Regions Championship  (Spanish:Campeonato de Selecciones Territoriales) is a rugby union competition in Spain featuring the representative teams of the autonomous communities. The competition is organised by the Spanish Rugby Federation. The Basque Country were the inaugural winners in 1983–84. They are also the competitions most successful team. The competition is usually played as a knockout tournament. However it has occasionally adopted a league system.
Minami-ku, Yokohama
Minami-ku (南区) is one of the 18 wards of the city of Yokohama in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. As of 2010, the ward had an estimated population of 197,019 and a density of 15,550 persons per km². The total area was 12.67 km².

It is located in the southeastern part of the city and has a mix of busy areas near train stations and quiet residential neighborhoods.  The ward is crossed by the Ōoka River, and its riverside is popular among tourists and locals for cherry blossoms in the spring.

Minami Ward is home to Gumyō-ji, the oldest Buddhist temple in Yokohama.

Wards of Japan
A ward (区, ku) is a subdivision of the cities of Japan that are large enough to have been designated by government ordinance.  Wards are used to subdivide each city designated by government ordinance ("designated city"). The 23 special wards of Tokyo Metropolis have a municipal status, and are not the same as other entities referred to as ku, although their predecessors were.

Wards are local entities directly controlled by the municipal government.  They handle administrative functions such as koseki registration, health insurance, and property taxation. Many wards have affiliated residents' organizations for a number of tasks, although these do not have any legal authority.
Plummer Building
The Plummer Building in Rochester, Minnesota, is one of the many architecturally significant buildings on the  Mayo Clinic campus.  This new "Mayo Clinic" building, opened in 1928, added much needed space to the ever-expanding Mayo practice.  The architect of record is Ellerbe & Co, now AECOM.  It was the third building designed by the firm for the Mayo Clinic.  The Mayo Clinic Buildings were listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places in 1969, and the Plummer Building was further designated as U.S. National Historic Landmark a week later, designated as Mayo Clinic Building.

Rochester, Minnesota
Rochester is a city in Olmsted County, Minnesota, United States. It is the county seat. It is located along rolling bluffs on the Zumbro River's south fork in Southeast Minnesota. The population was 121,395 at the 2020 census, and was estimated at 123,624 in 2024, making it the third-most populous city in Minnesota. The Rochester metropolitan area has an estimated 230,000 residents. The city is the home and birthplace of Mayo Clinic.

Rochester first developed as a stagecoach stop between Dubuque, Iowa, and Saint Paul, Minnesota. With the creation of the Mayo Clinic in 1864, Rochester became a national center for healthcare, as well as a hub for regional agriculture.  For higher education needs the University of Minnesota Rochester, Rochester Community and Technical College, and Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine are located in the city.
Lumiliximab
Lumiliximab is an IgG1k monoclonal antibody that targets CD23. It acts as an immunomodulator and was awarded orphan drug status and fast track designation by the FDA.

It was investigated in Phase II/III clinical trials for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. It has also been studied for use in allergic asthma. The drug is a chimeric antibody from Macaca irus and Homo sapiens.

Lumiliximab was developed by IDEC Pharmaceuticals, which was acquired by Biogen.
Clinical trials for CLL were terminated in 2010, and for allergic asthma in 2007. Results published from the CLL clinical trial failed to meet primary endpoints.

Biogen
Biogen Inc. is an American multinational biotechnology company based in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States specializing in the treatment of neurological diseases. The company's primary products are dimethyl fumarate (Tecfidera), diroximel fumarate (Vumerity), interferon beta-1a (AVONEX), peginterferon beta-1a (Plegridy), and natalizumab (Tysabri), all for the treatment of multiple sclerosis (collectively 45% of 2024 revenues); nusinersen (Spinraza) for the treatment of spinal muscular atrophy (16.2% of 2024 revenues); omaveloxolone (Skyclarys) for the treatment of Friedreich's ataxia (4.0% of 2024 revenues); tofersen (Qalsody) for the treatment of ALS; and dimethyl fumarate (Fumaderm) for the treatment of severe plaque psoriasis. The company also produces 5 biosimilars (8.2% of 2024 revenues) and has collaborations with Genentech for several drugs (18.1% of 2024 revenues).

The company is ranked 424th on the Fortune 500 and 845th on the Forbes Global 2000.
Marion Wells
Marion Gretsch Wells (born Marion Downey Gretsch; May 1, 1926 – October 30, 2016) was an American socialite, conservative activist, and political donor. She founded the Marion G. Wells Foundation and served on multiple charitable boards. She and her husband Dick Wells, to whom she was married from 1973 until his death in 2003, were active supporters of the Republican Party,  giving millions of dollars to conservative causes and organizations for decades. As a fundraiser, Wells raised over $292 million in charitable contributions.

Capital Research Center
Capital Research Center (CRC) is an American conservative  501(c)(3) non-profit watchdog group located in Washington, D.C., that monitors liberal money in politics. Its stated purpose is to "study non-profit organizations, with a special focus on reviving the American traditions of charity, philanthropy, and voluntarism". According to The Washington Post, it also discourages donations by corporations and non-profits supporting what it sees as liberal or anti-business policies. CRC monitors the giving of major liberal donors in the U.S. and has done extensive research into nonprofits funded by left-leaning donors.
Susan Buck-Morss
Susan Buck-Morss (1942) is an American philosopher, visual theorist, and intellectual historian.

She is currently Professor of Political Science at the CUNY Graduate Center, and professor emeritus in the Government Department at Cornell University, where she taught from 1978 to 2012. Her interdisciplinary work involves but is not limited to the fields of Art History, Architecture, Comparative Literature, Cultural Studies, German studies, History, Philosophy, and Visual Studies. She has won a Getty Scholar Grant, a Fulbright Award, and a Guggenheim Fellowship for her work. Awards from the MacArthur Foundation, Rockefeller Foundation, and the Fulbright Program funded the research towards her book Dreamworld and Catastrophe: The Passing of Mass Utopia in East and West (MIT Press, 2000).

German studies
German studies is an academic field that researches, documents and disseminates German language, literature, and culture in its historic and present forms. Academic departments of German studies therefore often focus on German culture, German history, and German politics in addition to the language and literature component. Approaches to the discipline vary by country. Modern German studies is usually seen as a combination of two sub-disciplines: German linguistics alongside Germanophone literature and cultural studies.

Common names for "German Studies" for the field within German-speaking countries are Germanistik, Deutsche Philologie, and Deutsche Sprachwissenschaft und Literaturwissenschaft. In English, the terms Germanistics or Germanics are sometimes used (mostly by Germans), but the subject is more often referred to as German studies, German language and literature, or German philology. Academics who specialize in German studies are referred to as Germanists.
M. Arunachalam (politician)
M. Arunachalam (4 March 1944 – 21 January 2004) was an Indian politician and Union Minister. Arunachalam did his B.L. from Dr. Ambedkar Government Law College, Chennai and his pre-university course from V.O. Chidambaram College at Thoothukudi. He graduated from St. Xaviers College, Palayamkottai, and pursued his post-graduation from Gandhigram University, Dindigul. He was elected to the Lok Sabha from Tenkasi constituency for six times continuously. He was elected as an Indian National Congress candidate in 1977, 1980, 1984, 1989 and 1991 elections and as a Tamil Maanila Congress (Moopanar) candidate in the 1996 election.

1984 Indian general election in Tamil Nadu
The 1984 Indian general elections in Tamil Nadu were held for 39 Lok Sabha seats in the state. The result was a landslide victory for Indian National Congress and its ally All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam, winning 37 out of 39 seats. The other 2 seats were won by the opposition, Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam. This marks the start of the dominance of INC-AIADMK, for the next decade winning 38 seats in 1989 election and all 39 seats in 1991 election. The allocation of seats were done what was later dubbed, "The M.G.R formula". Where the regional party would contest 70% of the assembly seats and the national party would be given 70% of the Lok Sabha seats.
City of Bristol Rowing Club
City of Bristol Rowing Club is a rowing club on the Bristol Harbour next to River Avon, based at The Boathouse, Albion Dockside Estate, Hanover Place, Bristol,  England. The club has facilities for all age groups.

River Avon, Bristol
The River Avon (/ˈeɪvən/ AY-vən) is a river in the southwest of England. To distinguish it from a number of other rivers of the same name, it is often called the Bristol Avon. The name 'Avon' is loaned from an ancestor of the Welsh word afon, meaning 'river'.

The Avon rises just north of the village of Acton Turville in South Gloucestershire, before flowing through Wiltshire into Somerset. In its lower reaches from Bath (where it meets the Kennet and Avon Canal) to the Severn Estuary at Avonmouth near Bristol, the river is navigable and is known as the Avon Navigation.

The Avon is the 19th longest river in the United Kingdom, at 83 miles (134 km), although there are just 19 miles (31 km) as the crow flies between the source and its mouth in the Severn Estuary. The catchment area is 2,220 square kilometres (860 sq mi).
Love Legend of the Tang Dynasty
Love Legend of the Tang Dynasty, also known as Da Tang Qing Shi, is a Chinese historical television series based on the legend of an illicit romance between the Tang dynasty Princess Gaoyang and a monk called Bianji. The series was directed by Gong Ruofei, starring Tang Guoqiang, Shen Aojun, Nie Yuan, Zhang Tong, Pan Yueming, Pan Yaowu, and Qin Lan. It was first broadcast in mainland China in 2001.

Qin Lan
Qin Lan (Chinese: 秦岚; pinyin: Qín Lán; born 17 July 1979) is a Chinese actress, model, and singer. She is known for her roles as Zhihua in My Fair Princess III (2003), Empress Fuca in Story of Yanxi Palace (2018), and Mo Xiangwan in We Are All Alone (2020).
Kevin Callinan
Kevin Callinan (born 29 June 1960) is an Irish trade unionist.

Callinan grew up in the Northside area of Dublin, and began his working life with Dublin Corporation, as a library assistant.  He joined the Local Government and Public Services Union, and later began working for the union.  When the union became part of the new Irish Municipal, Public and Civil Trade Union (IMPACT), he was steadily promoted until he became deputy general secretary.

In 2018, IMPACT became part of the new Fórsa union, and Callinan continued as deputy general secretary.  The following year, he was elected to the top post of general secretary.  Later in the year, he was also elected as secretary of the public service committee Irish Congress of Trade Unions (ICTU).  He was elected as president of ICTU in 2021, in which post he called for increased wealth taxes to fund improved public services.

Callinan is a fan of Manchester United F.C. and has described Alex Ferguson as one of the people he most admires.

Irish Congress of Trade Unions
The Irish Congress of Trade Unions (often abbreviated to just Congress or ICTU), formed in 1959 by the merger of the Irish Trades Union Congress (founded in 1894) and the Congress of Irish Unions (founded in 1945), is a national trade union centre, the umbrella organisation to which trade unions in both the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland affiliate.
Res Gestae Divi Augusti
Res Gestae Divi Augusti (contemporaneous and authorised Ancient Greek translation: πράξεις τε καὶ δωρεαὶ Σεβαστοῦ θεοῦ; Eng. The Deeds of the Divine Augustus) is a monumental inscription composed by the first Roman emperor, Augustus, giving a first-person record of his life and accomplishments. The Res Gestae is especially significant because it gives an insight into the image Augustus presented to the Roman people. Various portions of the Res Gestae have been found in modern Turkey. The inscription itself is a monument to the establishment of the Julio-Claudian dynasty that was to follow Augustus.

Julio-Claudian dynasty
The Julio-Claudian dynasty comprised the first five Roman emperors: Augustus, Tiberius, Caligula, Claudius, and Nero.

This line of emperors ruled the Roman Empire, from its formation (under Augustus, in 27 BC) until the last of the line, Emperor Nero, committed suicide (in AD 68).

The name Julio-Claudian is a historiographical term, deriving from the two families composing the imperial dynasty: the Julii Caesares and Claudii Nerones.
Fosigotifator
Fosigotifator is an experimental small-molecule related to ISRIB that activates the eukaryotic initiation factor eIF2; it was licensed by Calico from University of California, San Francisco and partnered with AbbVie. Abbvie and Calico ran clinical trials to determine if the drug can treat amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and major depressive disorder. A formulation of fosigotifator, as its monosodium phosphate salt mixed with tromethamine, is known as ABBV-CLS-7262. Fosigotifator has been patented by AbbVie and Calico as a prodrug for modulation of the integrated stress response pathway.

In January 2025 Abbvie and Calico announced that the drug had failed a Phase 2/3 trial in ALS; in November 2025 Abbvie ended its partnership with Calico.

Integrated stress response
The integrated stress response is a cellular stress response conserved in eukaryotic cells that downregulates protein synthesis and upregulates specific genes in response to internal or environmental stresses.
Dinah Washington Park
Dinah Washington Park is a park located at 8215 S. Euclid Avenue in the South Chicago community area of Chicago, Illinois, United States. It was named for singer and Chicago resident Dinah Washington.  It is one of four Chicago Park District parks named after persons surnamed Washington (the others being Washington Park, Harold Washington Park and Washington Square Park).  It is one of 40 Chicago Park District parks named after influential African Americans.

Located in the South Side Community, Dinah Washington Park contains playground with swings, slides, and climbing apparatus. Dinah Washington Park, formally named Redbud Park, is approximately two miles away from the home she purchased in the 1950's at 82nd and Vernon Ave.

The Chicago Park District purchased the vacant lot in 1972 with the help of the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development.  The name was changed to Dinah Washington Park in 2005.

United States Department of Housing and Urban Development
The United States Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) is one of the executive departments of the U.S. federal government. It administers federal housing and urban development laws. It is headed by the secretary of housing and urban development, who reports directly to the president of the United States and is a member of the president's Cabinet.

Although its beginnings were in the House and Home Financing Agency, it was founded as a Cabinet department in 1965, as part of the "Great Society" program of President Lyndon B. Johnson, to develop and execute policies on housing and metropolises.
Opening Night (song)
"Opening Night" is a song by English indie rock band Arctic Monkeys. It was released on 22 January 2026, through Domino Recording Company, in collaboration with charity organisation War Child. The track was written by lead singer Alex Turner and produced by frequent collaborator James Ford and is the lead single for the charity's forthcoming album, Help(2). The song was recorded in a week in November 2025 at Abbey Road alongside the rest of the album.

James Ford (musician)
James Ellis Ford (born 11 December 1978) is an English record producer and songwriter, known for being a member of Simian Mobile Disco and the Last Shadow Puppets as well as his production work with Arctic Monkeys, Blur, Depeche Mode, Foals, Florence and the Machine, Haim, Gorillaz, Klaxons, The Last Dinner Party, Jessie Ware, Kylie Minogue, Declan McKenna,  the Pet Shop Boys, Pulp and Geese.

In 2023 he released a solo album The Hum on Warp Records.
John Brady (MP)
John Brady (1812–1887) was an Irish medical doctor, landlord, and nationalist politician from County Leitrim.

Born in County Cavan, Brady was the son of Tobias and Margaret Brady.  He was a member of both the Royal College of Physicians and the Royal College of Surgeons.

He had addresses in London, Cambridgeshire and Rugby, Warwickshire.  He owned over 2,000 acres of land in County Leitrim by the 1870s, mostly within that part of the Poor Law Union of Bawnboy which was in county Leitrim, but also in Cloone, near Mohill.

In 1847, he married Sarah Rayner of Ely, Cambridgeshire. They had two daughters.

At the 1852 general election he was elected as a Tenant Right candidate to be one of the two Members of Parliament (MPs) for Leitrim.  He was re-elected at the next five general elections, serving as MP for Leitrim for 27 years until he retired in 1879 due to ill-health.

Brady died in late March 1887, at his home near Rugby.

Landlord
A landlord is the owner of property such as a farm, house, apartment, condominium, land, or real estate that is rented or leased to an individual or business, known as a tenant (also called a lessee or renter). The term landlord applies when a juristic person occupies this position. Alternative terms include lessor and owner. For female property owners, the term landlady may be used. In the United Kingdom, the manager of a pub, officially a licensed victualler, is also referred to as the landlord/landlady. In political economy, landlord specifically refers to someone who owns natural resources (such as land, excluding buildings) from which they derive economic rent, a form of passive income.
Jac. van Ginneken
Jacobus Joannes Antonius van Ginneken SJ (21 April 1877 – 22 October 1945) was a Dutch linguist and Jesuit, who was a professor at the Katholieke Universiteit Nijmegen since its start in 1923. He taught Dutch language, Dutch literature, comparative linguistics of the Indo-European languages, and Sanskrit.

Comparative linguistics
Comparative linguistics is a branch of historical linguistics that is concerned with comparing languages to establish their historical relatedness.

Genetic relatedness implies a common origin or proto-language and comparative linguistics aims to construct language families, to reconstruct proto-languages and specify the changes that have resulted in the documented languages. To maintain a clear distinction between attested and reconstructed forms, comparative linguists prefix an asterisk to any form that is not found in surviving texts. A number of methods for carrying out language classification have been developed, ranging from simple inspection to computerised hypothesis testing. Such methods have gone through a long process of development.
Plestiodon lotus
Plestiodon lotus is a species of skink. It is endemic to the Balsas River basin, Mexico.

Plestiodon lotus occurs in oak and tropical deciduous forests, where it can be found under rocks or fallen logs, but sometimes active on leaf litter.

Skink
Skinks are lizards that constitute the family Scincidae, which is part of the infraorder Scincomorpha. With more than 1,500 described species across 100 different taxonomic genera, the family Scincidae is one of the most diverse families of lizards. Skinks are characterized by their smaller legs in comparison to typical lizards and are found in different habitats except arctic and subarctic regions.
B.J. Nikkel
Betty June "B.J." Nikkel was a state representative in the U.S. state of Colorado. She served in House leadership as Republican House Majority Whip, the fourth highest-ranking leader in the Colorado House of Representatives. Nikkel was appointed to the Colorado House of Representatives in January 2009 by vacancy committee to fill the vacancy caused by Kevin Lundberg's appointment to the Colorado State Senate. She was sworn in on January 22, 2009.

Nikkel represented House District 49, which includes all of rural Larimer County, Colorado, including the towns of Wellington, Timnath, Berthoud, and Estes Park, as well as the town of Windsor in Weld County, from 2009 to 2012.

Estes Park, Colorado
Estes Park (/ˈɛstɪs/) is a statutory town in southwestern Larimer County, Colorado, United States. The town population was 5,904 at the 2020 United States census. Estes Park is a part of the Fort Collins, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area and the Front Range Urban Corridor. A popular summer resort and the location of the headquarters for Rocky Mountain National Park, Estes Park lies along the Big Thompson River. Landmarks include The Stanley Hotel and The Baldpate Inn. The town overlooks Lake Estes and Olympus Dam.