hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Şeref bin Bedir
Emîr Şeref bin Emîr Bedir was a Kurdish prince of the Bohtan principality in the early 16th century, active approximately between 1500 and 1520. Sharafkhan Bitlisi’s Sharafnâma depict him as the leading emir of the ruling family of Cizîre, emphasizing his military capability and generosity. Allied with the Kurdish forces of Bohtan, he fought extensively against the Safavid armies of Shah Ismail I and is credited in the Sharafnâma with winning several major engagements, including one battle reportedly resulting in the death of around 1,700 Safavid soldiers. Ali Miynat notes that his politics were influenced by rivalry with other Kurdish tribes, particularly the Beşnevî. His rule took place within the broader Ottoman–Safavid conflict, during which Safavid pressure eventually forced him into temporary exile.

Sharafkhan Bidlisi
Sharaf al-Din Khan b. Shams al-Din b. Sharaf Beg Bedlisi (Kurdish: شەرەفخانی بەدلیسی, Şerefxanê Bedlîsî; Persian: شرف‌الدین خان بن شمس‌الدین بن شرف بیگ بدلیسی; 25 February 1543 – c. 1603–04) was a Kurdish Emir of Bitlis. He was also a historian, writer and poet. He wrote exclusively in Persian. Born in the Qara Rud village, in central Iran, between Arak and Qom, at a young age he was sent to the Safavids' court and obtained his education there.

He is the author of the Sharafnama, one of the most important works on medieval Kurdish history, written in 1597. He created a good picture of Kurdish life and Kurdish dynasties in the 16th century in his works. Outside Iran and Kurdish-speaking countries, Sharaf Khan Bidlisi has influenced Kurdish literature and societies through the translation of his works by other scholars.

He was also a gifted artist and a well-educated man, excelling as much in mathematics and military strategy as he did in history.
Orders, decorations, and medals of Croatia
The system of honours of the Republic of Croatia was established after the independence of Croatia in 1991. There are nineteen main decorations conferred since 2019, in addition to several other medals and awards.

The President of the Republic of Croatia confers decoration and awards of the Republic of Croatia on their own initiative or at the suggestion of the State Commission for Decorations and Awards. Decorations and awards can be conferred on Croatian or foreign nationals, legal entities as well as units of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Croatia and the Ministry of the Interior.

Ministry of the Interior (Croatia)
The Ministry of the Interior of the Republic of Croatia (Croatian: Ministarstvo unutarnjih poslova Republike Hrvatske or MUP RH) is the ministry in the Government of Croatia which is in charge of state security among other roles. Croatian Police is a public service of the Ministry of the Interior.
Augustin Iyamuremye
Augustin Iyamuremye (born 15 March 1946) is a Rwandan politician and academic. He is married, and his wife is a daughter of former president Theodore Sindikubwabo. He has been serving as the President of the Senate from 17 October 2019 until his resignationon December 8 2022. Iyamuremye is a  member of the Social Democratic Party. Iyamuremye was Senior Intelligence Officer during the Habyarimana’s regime, Minister of Foreign Affairs under former President Pasteur Bizimungu from 1999 until the government's resignation in March 2000 and served as the Minister of Information under Paul Kagame. Iyamuremye is from the Southern Province. He is also a member of the Pan-African Parliament and Professor at the National University of Rwanda. He is a Veterinary doctor by profession.

He was the President of Rwandan Senate until his resignation on December 8 2022. He is a supporter of the Campaign for the Establishment of a United Nations Parliamentary Assembly.

National University of Rwanda
The National University of Rwanda (NUR; Kinyarwanda: Kaminuza nkuru y’u Rwanda, French: Université nationale du Rwanda, UNR) was the largest university in Rwanda. It was located at 2°36′58″S 29°44′34″E﻿ / ﻿2.61611°S 29.74278°E﻿ / -2.61611; 29.74278 in the city of Butare and was established in 1963 by the government in cooperation with the Congregation of the Dominicans from the Province of Quebec, Canada. Its founder and first rector was Father Georges-Henri Lévesque.

When it was established, the NUR had three divisions (Faculties of Medicine and Social Sciences, and a Teacher Training College), 51 students and 16 lecturers. The university suffered badly during the genocide and had to close in 1994, reopening in April 1995. At that time English was introduced as a medium of instruction alongside French.

In 2013, along with all public higher education institutions in Rwanda, it was merged into the newly created University of Rwanda.
Buck Gavin
Patrick James "Buck" Gavin (June 8, 1891 – October 14, 1943) was an American professional football player who was a fullback for seven seasons for the Buffalo All-Americans, Detroit Tigers, Rock Island Independents, Green Bay Packers, and Hammond Pros.
After his retirement, he became a plumbing inspector in Chicago and made local headlines after a woman was found dead in his Chicago apartment in 1931. Although he was initially convicted of the crime, he was let go with no bail and never faced any formal charges. He later died of heart disease in 1943.

Buffalo team (NFL)
Buffalo, New York had a turbulent, early-era National Football League team that operated under multiple names and several different owners between the 1910s and 1920s.  The early NFL-era franchise was variously called the Buffalo All-Stars from 1915 to 1917, Buffalo Niagaras in 1918, the Buffalo Prospects in 1919, Buffalo All-Americans from 1920 to 1923, Buffalo Bisons from 1924 to 1925 and in 1927 and 1929, and the Buffalo Rangers in 1926. The franchise was experiencing financial problems in 1928 and did not participate in league play that season.
Idionectes
Idionectes is a genus of amoeba discovered from Allensbach, Konstanz, Germany. It contains only one species, I. vortex. Described by Sebastian Hess and Alastair G. B. Simpson in 2019, the scientific name means distinct or peculiar swimmer. Named because of its unique locomotion by creating a water vortex with its flying saucer-like body, it was also dubbed UFO (for unidentified flagellate organism). It is the only known eukaryotic cell having a rotating flagellum, which is the usual characteristic of prokaryotes.

Allensbach
Allensbach (German pronunciation: [ˈalənsbax] ⓘ) is a municipality in the district of Konstanz in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.

Allensbach is located between Konstanz and Radolfzell on Lake Constance.
Terter dynasty
The House of Terter (Bulgarian: Тертер), also Terterids or Terterovtsi (Тертеровци), was a Bulgarian noble and royal house of Cuman origin, a branch of the Cuman noble dynasty of Terteroba, that ruled the Second Bulgarian Empire between 1280 and 1292, as well as between 1300 and 1323.

Chaka of Bulgaria
Chaka (Bulgarian: Чака; died 1300) briefly reigned as tsar of Bulgaria, from 1299 to 1300. He was the son of the Mongol leader Nogai Khan by a wife named Alaka. Sometime after 1285 Chaka married a daughter of George Terter I of Bulgaria, named Elena. In the late 1290s, Chaka supported his father Nogai in a war against the legitimate khan of the Golden Horde, Toqta. Toqta defeated and killed Nogai in 1299.
Wiseman Mbambo
Wiseman Mbambo psc(j) (born 15 March 1966) is a South African Air Force officer, serving as Chief of the South African Air Force.

He joined the ANC's military wing, uMkhonto we Sizwe at 17 years and received his military training in Angola and Soviet Union. He served in exile as training instructor. General Mbambo was attested into the SANDF in 1994 as a Major.

Mbambo was appointed Officer Commanding Waterkloof Air Force Base in 2004 before being appointed as Director: Air Force Capability and Plans in 2009. In 2013 he was promoted Major General and appointed GOC Air Command.

Psc (military)
psc is a post-nominal for Post Staff College (formally Passed Staff College) in the Commonwealth militaries of Bangladesh, India, New Zealand, Pakistan, Sri Lanka and the United Kingdom. It indicates that an officer has undertaken the staff officer course at a staff college.
Mike Bradley (politician)
Michael Bradley (born July 20, 1955) is a Canadian politician who has served as the 66th mayor of Sarnia since 1988. He is the longest-serving mayor in Sarnia City Council history and currently the second longest-serving mayor in the province of Ontario behind Milton's Gord Krantz.

Milton, Ontario
Milton (2021 census population 132,979) is a town in Southern Ontario, Canada, and part of the Halton Region in the Greater Toronto Area. Between 2001 and 2011, Milton was the fastest growing municipality in Canada, with a 71.4% increase in population from 2001 to 2006 and another 56.5% increase from 2006 to 2011. In 2016, Milton's census population was 110,128 with an estimated growth to 228,000 by 2031. It remained the fastest growing community in Ontario but was deemed to be the sixth fastest growing in Canada at that time.

Milton is located 54 km (34 mi) west of Downtown Toronto on Highway 401, and is the western terminus for the Milton line commuter train and bus corridor operated by GO Transit. Milton is situated on the Niagara Escarpment, a UNESCO world biosphere reserve and the Bruce Trail.
Seduced and Abandoned (1964 film)
Seduced and Abandoned (Italian: Sedotta e abbandonata) is a 1964 Italian comedy-drama film directed by Pietro Germi. The film is a dark satire of Sicilian social custom of bride kidnapping presented as elopement, and the Italian laws of the time on honor killing and "honor-repairing wedding". 
It belongs to a trilogy on Italian customs with Divorce, Italian Style and The Birds, the Bees and the Italians.
The film was screened at the 1964 Cannes Film Festival, where the lead actor Saro Urzì won a Palme d'Or. It also won a National Board of Review Award.

Leopoldo Trieste
Leopoldo Trieste (3 May 1917 – 25 January 2003) was an Italian actor, film director and script writer.

Trieste was born in Reggio Calabria. He worked with directors such as Pietro Germi, Francis Ford Coppola, Giuseppe Tornatore, Mario Bava, Tinto Brass, Charles Vidor, René Clément and Federico Fellini.

Trieste died of a heart attack.
Cobb syndrome
Cobb syndrome is a rare congenital disorder characterized by visible skin lesions and spinal angiomas or arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). The skin lesions of Cobb syndrome typically are present as port wine stains or angiomas, but reports exist of angiokeratomas, angiolipomas, and lymphangioma circumscriptum. The intraspinal lesions may be angiomas or AVMs and occur at levels of the spinal cord corresponding to the affected skin dermatomes. They may in turn produce spinal cord dysfunction and weakness or paralysis.

The disorder was first described by Berenbruch in 1890, but became widely known only after Cobb's report in 1915. Cobb syndrome is thought to have no sex predilection, but there have been less than 100 cases reported in the literature. It is believed to be due to a sporadic mutation, since parents of affected children usually have no evidence of the disease.

Angioma
Angiomas are benign tumors derived from cells of the vascular or lymphatic vessel walls (endothelium) or derived from cells of the tissues surrounding these vessels.

Angiomas are a frequent occurrence as patients age, but they might be an indicator of systemic problems such as liver disease. They are not commonly associated with cancer.
Rumina
In ancient Roman religion, Rumīna, Rumilia or Rumia, also known as Dīva Rumīna, was a goddess who protected breastfeeding mothers, and possibly nursing infants. Her domain extended to protecting animal mothers, not just human ones. As one of the indigitamenta, Rumina lacked the elaborate mythology and personality of later Roman deities, and was instead a more abstract, numinous entity.

Rumina's temple was near the Ficus Ruminalis, the fig tree at the foot of the Palatine Hill where Romulus and Remus were raised by a she-wolf. Milk, rather than the typical wine, was offered as a sacrifice at this temple. In AD 58, the tree started to die, which was interpreted as a bad omen.

Palatine Hill
The Palatine Hill (/ˈpælətaɪn/ PAL-ə-tyne; Classical Latin: Palatium; New Latin: Collis/Mons Palatinus; Italian: Palatino [palaˈtiːno]), which relative to the seven hills of Rome is the centremost, is one of the most ancient parts of the city; it has been called "the first nucleus of the Roman Empire". The site is now mainly a large open-air museum whilst the Palatine Museum houses many finds from the excavations here and from other ancient Italian sites.

Imperial palaces were built there, starting with Augustus. Before imperial times the hill was mostly occupied by the houses of the rich.

The hill originally had two summits separated by a depression: the higher summit was called Palatium; the lower Germalus (or Cermalus). Using the Forma Urbis its perimeter enclosed 63 acres (25 ha); while the Regionary Catalogues of the 4th century enclose 131 acres (53 ha).
Pachilaipalli
Pachilaipalli (Tamil: பச்சிலைப்பள்ளி Paccilaippaḷḷi) is a village in the Northern Province of Sri Lanka situated in the Jaffna Peninsula. During the Sri Lankan Civil War, the village was strategically important due to its proximity to Elephant Pass, and changed hands multiple times over the course of the war.

Northern Province, Sri Lanka
The Northern Province (Tamil: வட மாகாணம் Vaṭa Mākāṇam; Sinhala: උතුරු පළාත Uturu Paḷāta) is one of the nine provinces of Sri Lanka. The province has an area of 8,884 km2, making it the 3rd largest province by area, and a population of 1,150,148 making it the least populated province. Jaffna is the capital city of the province.

Between 1988 and 2006, the province was temporarily merged with the Eastern Province into one province, the North Eastern Province. Due to its large Tamil population, the Northern Province is sometimes referred to as "Sri Lanka's Tamil country". The majority of the fighting in the Sri Lankan Civil War took place in the Northern province.
Velicham
Velicham (transl. Light) is a 1987 Indian Tamil-language film written and directed by Sundar K. Vijayan, starring Karthik and Ranjini. It was released on 14 January 1987. According to Sundar, the film did okay business at the box-office.

Sundar K. Vijayan
Sundar K. Vijayan is an Indian film and television series director, who has directed Tamil language content. The son of director K. Vijayan, Sundar began his career in films in the late 1980s, before prioritising television commitments in the 2000s.
2022 Libera Awards
The 2022 Libera Awards was held on June 16, 2022, to recognize the best in independent music presented by the American Association of Independent Music. The ceremony streamed live on YouTube.

The nominations were announced on March 23, 2022, led by indie pop band Japanese Breakfast with seven. New award categories, Self-Released Record of the Year and Best Pop Record, were added. The Best Dance/Electronic Record category was divided into two categories: Best Dance Record and Best Electronic Record, bringing the total number of categories to 36. The Best Metal Record was renamed Best Heavy Record.

The awards ceremony took place on June 16, 2022, held in New York City at Webster Hall. With four awards, Japanese Breakfast was the most awarded artist.

American Association of Independent Music
The American Association of Independent Music (A2IM) is a trade association that represents independent record labels in the United States, founded in 2005. A2IM is headquartered in New York City, with chapters located in Nashville, Chicago, Northern California, Southern California, and the Pacific Northwest. Among other events, they organize the annual Libera Awards.

The organization was preceded by the National Association of Independent Record Distributors (NAIRD) founded in 1972, which in 1997 changed its name to the Association for Independent Music (AFIM), which dissolved in 2004.
Leptosyne hamiltonii
Leptosyne hamiltonii, the Mt. Hamilton coreopsis or Mt. Hamilton tickseed, is a rare California species of Leptosyne in the family Asteraceae. It is found only in a small region including Mount Hamilton and the Diablo Range in the southwestern San Francisco Bay Area (Alameda, Santa Clara, and Stanislaus Counties).

Alameda County, California
Alameda County (/ˌæləˈmiːdə/ ⓘ AL-ə-MEE-də) is located in the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 census, the population was 1,682,353, making it the 7th-most populous county in the state and 21st most populous nationally. The county seat is Oakland. Alameda County is in the San Francisco Bay Area, occupying much of the East Bay region.

The Spanish word alameda means either "a grove of poplars...or a tree lined street".  The name was originally used to describe the Arroyo de la Alameda; the willow and sycamore trees along the banks of the river reminded the early Spanish explorers of a road lined with trees.

Alameda County is part of the San Francisco–Oakland–Berkeley, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area, and the San Jose–San Francisco–Oakland, CA Combined Statistical Area.
Perittia weberella
Perittia weberella is a moth of the family Elachistidae. It is found in Switzerland.

There are probably two generations per year.

The larvae feed on Lonicera xylosteum. They mine the leaves of their host plant. Larvae can be found from June and July.

Lonicera xylosteum
Lonicera xylosteum, commonly known as fly honeysuckle, European fly honeysuckle, dwarf honeysuckle or fly woodbine is a deciduous shrub.

Its fruit persists for an average of 15.4 days, and bears an average of 4.5 seeds per fruit. Fruits average 88.6% water, and their dry weight includes 43.4% carbohydrates and 1.2% lipids.

The glossy red (or occasionally yellow) berries of this shrub are mildly poisonous to humans – children who ingest a large number (c. 30) of berries may experience abdominal pain and vomiting.
John Marley (mining engineer)
John Marley (11 November 1823 – 4 April 1891) was an English mining engineer from Darlington who together with ironmaster John Vaughan made the "commercial discovery" of the Cleveland Ironstone Formation, the basis of the wealth of their company Bolckow Vaughan and the industrial growth of Middlesbrough. He was an effective leader of engineering operations at Bolckow Vaughan's mines and collieries. He ended his career as a wealthy independent mine-owner and president of the North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers (NEIMME).

Mining engineering
Mining engineering is the extraction of minerals from the ground. It is associated with many other disciplines, such as mineral processing, exploration, excavation, geology, metallurgy, geotechnical engineering and surveying. A mining engineer may manage any phase of mining operations, from exploration and discovery of the mineral resources, through feasibility study, mine design, development of plans, production and operations to mine closure.
Jarosław Pijarowski
Jarosław Pijarowski (born 18 December 1971) is a Polish avant-garde artist, art curator and founder of Teatr Tworzenia (Theater of Creation). He creates contemporary music, poetry, photography, fine arts and theatre-music spectacles.

Adam Ferency
Adam Ferency (born 5 October 1951) is a Polish actor. He has appeared in more than 70 films and television shows since 1976. He starred in the 1990 film Burial of a Potato, which was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1991 Cannes Film Festival.
Love, Peace & Poetry – Vol.1 American
Love, Peace & Poetry – Vol.1 American is the first volume in the Love, Peace & Poetry series released by QDK Media in 1998. This volume explores obscuro garage rock and psychedelic rock bands from America.

Outsider music
Outsider music (from "outsider art") is music created by self-taught or naïve musicians. The term is usually applied to musicians who have little or no traditional musical experience, who exhibit childlike qualities in their music, or who have intellectual disabilities, mental illnesses or a nerve disorder. The term was popularized in the 1990s by journalist and WFMU DJ Irwin Chusid.

Outsider musicians often overlap with lo-fi artists, since their work is rarely captured in professional recording studios. Examples  include Daniel Johnston, Wesley Willis, and Jandek, who each became the subjects of documentary films in the 2000s.
Nabeshima Station
Nabeshima Station (鍋島駅, Nabeshima-eki) is a passenger railway station located in the Nabeshima neighborhood of the city of Saga, Saga Prefecture, Japan. It is operated by JR Kyushu and is on the Nagasaki Main Line. It is also a freight terminal operated by the Japan Freight Railway Company (JR Freight).

Japan Freight Railway Company
Japan Freight Railway Company (日本貨物鉄道株式会社, Nippon Kamotsu Tetsudō Kabushiki-gaisha), or JR Freight (JR貨物, Jeiāru Kamotsu), is one of the seven constituent companies of Japan Railways Group (JR Group). It provides transportation of cargo nationwide throughout Japan. Its headquarters are in Shibuya, Tokyo near Shinjuku Station.

The Japan Railways Group was founded on 1 April 1987, when Japanese National Railways (JNR) was privatized. Japanese National Railways was divided into six regional passenger rail companies and a single freight railway company, Japan Freight Railway Company.

The company has only about 50 kilometers (31 mi) of track of its own, and therefore operates on track owned by the six JR passenger railways as well as other companies which provide rail transport in Japan.
Newcastle, County Wicklow
Newcastle (Irish: An Caisleán Nua) is a village in County Wicklow, Ireland. It is situated on the R761 and is about 45 km (28 mi) south of Dublin city. Newcastle had a population of 924 as of the 2016 census. The ancient barony of Newcastle, which surrounds the village, takes its name from the village and its Norman castle.

2016 census of Ireland
The 2016 census of Ireland was held Sunday, 24th April 2016. It was organised by the Central Statistics Office (CSO) and reported a total population of 4,761,865, or a 3.8% increase since the prior 2011 census. This was the lowest recorded population growth rate since the 1991 census, with the decline in population growth rates attributed to both lower birth rates and lower net migration. The census results were released gradually between April and December 2017 in a series of reports organised either as summaries or in-depth results of specific themes, like age, ethnicity, or religion.

The following census took place in April 2022, having been delayed for one year due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
River Kensey
The River Kensey is a river in east Cornwall, England, UK which is a tributary of the River Tamar.

The river rises at Kensey in the parish of Treneglos and flows generally east to the south of Tresmeer and Egloskerry and then divides the town of Launceston from its suburb Newport before flowing into the Tamar about a mile east of Launceston.

Treneglos
Treneglos (Cornish: Treneglos) is a village and a civil parish in north-east Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is in the Registration District of Launceston.

Treneglos is described as a village "where the old Cornish "trev" [settlement] is no more than a triangular green beside a church and two or three houses". It is above a wooded valley, a choice place where ancient Celtic tribes sought shelter. Nearby, at Wilsey Down, is evidence of prehistoric tumulus. Now, it is not unusual to see sheep wandering along the country roads.