hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dorset East and Hampshire West (European Parliament constituency)
Dorset East and Hampshire West was a European Parliament constituency covering most of Dorset and parts of western Hampshire in England.

Prior to its uniform adoption of proportional representation for European elections in 1999, the United Kingdom used first-past-the-post for the elections in England, Scotland and Wales. The European Parliament constituencies used under that system were smaller than the later regional constituencies and only had one Member of the European Parliament each.

The constituency consisted of the Westminster Parliament constituencies of Bournemouth East, Bournemouth West, Christchurch, New Forest, North Dorset, Poole, Romsey and Waterside and South Dorset.

The constituency replaced most of Wessex and parts of Hampshire West.  It was itself replaced by much of Dorset and East Devon and parts of Itchen, Test and Avon in 1994.  These seats became part of the much larger South West England and South East England constituencies in 1999.

New Forest (UK Parliament constituency)
New Forest was a county constituency in south-west Hampshire which elected one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

It was first created under the Redistribution of Seats Act for the 1885 general election, and was abolished for the 1918 general election, when it was partially replaced by the New Forest and Christchurch constituency.

The seat was re-established for the 1950 general election and those thereafter, was significantly cut in size on the creation of the seat of Romsey in 1983 and was abolished for the 1997 general election, when the New Forest East and New Forest West seats were created using its remaining components.

In the British TV series House of Cards, this was the constituency represented by the main character, Francis Urquhart.
Zap time
The zap time is the total duration of time from which the viewer changes the channel using a remote control to the point that the picture of the new channel is displayed. This includes the corresponding audio. These delays exist in all television systems, but they are more pronounced in digital television and systems that use the internet such as IPTV. Human interaction with the system is completely ignored in these measurements, so zap time is not the same as channel surfing.

Zap time can be very disturbing for some viewers and for this reason it is considered an issue that must be addressed in IPTV systems.

Moving Picture Experts Group
The Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) is an alliance of working groups established jointly by ISO and IEC that sets standards for media coding, including compression coding of audio, video, graphics, and genomic data; and transmission and file formats for various applications. Together with JPEG, MPEG is organized under ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29 – Coding of audio, picture, multimedia and hypermedia information (ISO/IEC Joint Technical Committee 1, Subcommittee 29).

MPEG formats are used in various multimedia systems. The most well known older MPEG media formats typically use MPEG-1, MPEG-2, and MPEG-4 AVC media coding and MPEG-2 systems transport streams and program streams. Newer systems typically use the MPEG base media file format and dynamic streaming (a.k.a. MPEG-DASH).
Richard Rosen
Richard Rosen is an American politician and businessman who served as member of the Maine Senate from the 31st District, where he represented part of Penobscot and Hancock counties, including the population centers of Bucksport and Brewer.

Penobscot County, Maine
Penobscot County is a county in the U.S. state of Maine, named for the Penobscot people in Wabanakik. As of the 2020 census, the population was 152,199, making it the third-most-populous county in Maine. Its county seat is Bangor. The county was established on February 15, 1816, from part of Hancock County when the area was still part of Massachusetts. Penobscot County is home to the University of Maine.

Penobscot County comprises the Bangor, ME Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Larissa Nadviga
Larissa Nadviga is a Soviet sprint canoer who competed in the late 1970s and the early 1980s. She won two silver medals in the K-4 500 m event at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships, earning them in 1979 and 1981.

1979 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships
The 1979 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships were held in Duisburg, West Germany.

The men's competition consisted of six Canadian (single paddle, open boat) and nine kayak events. Three events were held for the women, all in kayak.

This was the fifteenth championships in canoe sprint. It was where an incident later referred to as The Česiunas Affair took place when Soviet-born Lithuanian canoer Vladas Česiūnas appeared at the event as a spectator only to vanish. The West German government claimed Česiunas had defected, but the former canoer had returned to the Soviet Union voluntarily several weeks later. During Česiunas' disappearance, he would speak in favor of the 1980 Summer Olympics boycott, more than two months before the Soviet–Afghan War, but later returned to the Soviet Embassy in Bonn. The Soviets toned down their rhetoric about Česiunas' "disappearance" in the West and changed his mind all the while West Germany continued to maintain that he had been kidnapped.
Twister roller coaster
A twister roller coaster is the generic name given to any roller coaster layout which tends to twist or interweave its track within itself several times. It is essentially the opposite of an out and back roller coaster, which is often a much simpler layout. Twister roller coasters often have the illusion of having small or tight clearances due to the track usually travelling through several support structures. This is known as a head chopper effect.

Twister roller coasters were unheard of before the 1920s. John Miller is credited with inventing up-stop wheels and secure lap bar restraints, both which led roller coaster designers to create more extravagant and intertwined layouts.

A good example of the difference between an out and back design and twister design is layouts of Apollo's Chariot and Raging Bull, two Bolliger & Mabillard designed hypercoaster roller coasters that debuted in 1999. Apollo's Chariot uses a traditional out and back layout while Raging Bull is a twister.

Underfriction
On a roller coaster train, the underfriction, up-lift, or up-stop wheels are a device to keep the train from jumping off the track under intense movement. The design was patented in 1919 by John A. Miller.
Coley Welch
Coleman Patrick Welch (February 8, 1919 – December 4, 2000) was an American middleweight boxer. Born in Portland, Maine, Welch came from an Irish-American community and was nicked the Fighting Iceman. He made his amateur debut on May 21, 1936 at the age of 17 and fought primarily at the Portland Exposition Building during his early years. In 1941, The Ring magazine ranked him #3 among middleweights. He was a member of the U.S. Coast Guard during World War II and returned to boxing in 1943. On St. Patrick's Day (March 17), 1944, Welch fought Jake LaMotta in front of 10,000 fans at the Boston Garden. The fight ended with a unanimous decision in LaMotta's favor. His final match was on April 5, 1949. He ended his career with a 109-26-6 record over 141 matches.

He died in Las Vegas, where he had worked as a casino security guard following his retirement from boxing.

Boston Garden
The Boston Garden was an arena in Boston, Massachusetts. Designed by boxing promoter Tex Rickard, who also built the third iteration of New York's Madison Square Garden, it opened on November 17, 1928, as "Boston Madison Square Garden" (later shortened to just "Boston Garden") and outlived its original namesake by 30 years. It was above North Station, a train station which was originally a hub for the Boston and Maine Railroad and is now a hub for MBTA Commuter Rail and Amtrak trains.

The Garden hosted home games for the Boston Bruins of the National Hockey League (NHL) and the Boston Celtics of the National Basketball Association (NBA), as well as rock concerts, amateur sports, boxing and professional wrestling matches, circuses, and ice shows. It was also used as an exposition hall for political rallies such as the speech by John F. Kennedy in November 1960. Boston Garden was demolished in 1998, three years after the completion of its successor arena, TD Garden.
One-pound Gospel
One-pound Gospel (Japanese: 1ポンドの福音, Hepburn: Ichi-Pondo no Fukuin) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Rumiko Takahashi. It was serialized in Shogakukan's seinen manga magazine Weekly Young Sunday from July 1987 to December 2006, with its chapters collected into four tankōbon volumes. The story is a fusion of the sports (specifically, boxing) and romantic comedy genres.

Studio Gallop produced an anime original video animation adaptation in 1988. A live-action television drama adaptation starring Kazuya Kamenashi from KAT-TUN and Meisa Kuroki aired for nine episodes in 2008. Viz Media licensed and released the manga and OVA in North America.

Sports manga
Sports manga (Japanese: スポーツ漫画) is a genre of Japanese manga and anime that focuses on stories involving sports and other athletic and competitive pursuits. Though Japanese animated works depicting sports were released as early as the 1920s, sports manga did not emerge as a discrete category until the early 1950s. The genre achieved prominence in the context of the post-war occupation of Japan, and gained significant visibility during and subsequent to the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo. Noted as among the most popular genres of manga and anime, sports manga is credited with introducing new sports to Japan, and popularizing existing sports.
Thomaston
Thomaston is the name of several places in the United States of America:

Thomaston, Alabama

Thomaston, Connecticut, a New England town
Thomaston (CDP), Connecticut, the main village in the town

Thomaston, Georgia

Thomaston, Indiana

Thomaston, Maine, a New England town
Thomaston (CDP), Maine, census-designated place within the town

Thomaston, New York

Thomaston, Texas

South Thomaston, Maine

Thomaston, Maine
Thomaston, formerly known as Fort St. Georges, Fort Wharf, and Lincoln, is a town in Knox County, Maine, United States. The population was 2,739 at the 2020 census. Noted for its antique architecture, Thomaston is an old port popular with tourists.  The town was named after Major General John Thomas.
René Gabriel
René Gabriel (14 September 1899 – 30 October 1950) was a French decorative artist and designer who specialized in furniture series (meuble de série).
He had a clean, logical style that inspired many of the new designers in the years after World War II (1939–45). 
The prestigious Prix René Gabriel continues to be awarded to French designers for modern designs that can be mass-produced.

Salon des arts ménagers
The Salon des arts ménagers (SAM; Household Arts Show) was an annual exhibition in Paris of domestic appliances, furniture and home designs. It was first held as the Salon des appareils ménagers (Home Appliances Fair) in 1923, with 100,000 visitors. By the 1950s each exhibition attracted up to 1.4 million visitors.

The SAM was run by government agencies and served an educational purpose, introducing consumers to new types of appliance and new materials. It also provided a showplace for new commercial products. The exhibition introduced modern concepts of home layout, with the kitchen moved from the back of the apartment to a central position near the entrance and near the dining and living room(s). Ergonomically designed kitchens and labor-saving devices minimized the effort required of housewives. The Salon became less relevant as department stores and specialty outlets began to offer broader ranges of products. The last exhibition was held in 1983.
Xenotransplantation (journal)
Xenotransplantation is a bimonthly peer-reviewed medical journal covering xenotransplantation. It is published by Wiley-Blackwell and the editor-in-chief is Leo H. Bühler (University of Fribourg). The annual Carl-Gustav Groth Xeno Prize of US$7,000 is presented to the first author of the best article published in the journal.

The journal exhibited unusual levels of self-citation and its journal impact factor of 2019 was suspended from Journal Citation Reports in 2020, a sanction which hit 34 journals in total.

Wiley-Blackwell
Wiley-Blackwell is an international scientific, technical, medical, and scholarly publishing business of John Wiley & Sons. It was formed by the merger of John Wiley & Sons Global Scientific, Technical, and Medical business with Blackwell Publishing in 2007.

Wiley-Blackwell is now an imprint that publishes a diverse range of academic and professional fields, including biology, medicine, physical sciences, technology, social science, and the humanities.
Alstom Metropolis C751C
The Alstom Metropolis C751C is the second generation of communication-based train control (CBTC) electric multiple unit rolling stock in operation on the North East Line of Singapore's Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) system. Eighteen 6-car train sets were manufactured by Shanghai Alstom Transport Co Ltd (joint venture of Alstom and Shanghai Electric), Deliveries began in July 2014, and all trainsets were delivered by 2015.

Shanghai Electric
Shanghai Electric (officially Shanghai Electric Group Company Limited) is a Chinese multinational power generation and electrical equipment manufacturing company headquartered in Shanghai. The company traces its roots to 1880.

Shanghai Electric is engaged in the design, manufacture and sale of products including power generation equipment, power transmission and distribution equipment, transformers, switchgear, circuit breakers, transport equipment, machine tools, elevators, packaging and print machinery, and environmental protection equipment.

It is the world's largest manufacturer of steam turbines. In 2020, Shanghai Electric ranked 81st in the Fortune China 500. In 2025, the company ranked 47th on World Brand Lab's "China's 500 Most Valuable Brands" List with Brand Value of US$31.8 Billion.
GS-9209 (galaxy)
GS-9209 is a massive quiescent galaxy located in the constellation Fornax at a redshift of 4.658 or at a comoving distance of 25 billion light years. It has a stellar mass of 3.8×1010 solar masses (7.6×1040 kg; 1.67×1041 lb) which is roughly 10 times the mass of the Milky Way galaxy.

When the universe was around 800 million years old, the star formation rate (SFR) in the GS-9209 galaxy has undergone a sharp decrease. Most of the stars that exist in this galaxy has formed over a 200 million year period when the universe was 600-800 million years old.

Star formation
Star formation is the process by which dense regions within molecular clouds in interstellar space—sometimes referred to as "stellar nurseries" or "star-forming regions"—collapse and form stars. As a branch of astronomy, star formation includes the study of the interstellar medium (ISM) and giant molecular clouds (GMC) as precursors to the star formation process, and the study of protostars and young stellar objects as its immediate products.  It is closely related to planet formation, another branch of astronomy.  Star formation theory, as well as accounting for the formation of a single star, must also account for the statistics of binary stars and the initial mass function. Most stars do not form in isolation but as part of a group of stars referred to as star clusters or stellar associations.
Martin Thomas (cricketer)
Martin David Thomas (born 8 June 1952) is a former English cricketer.  Thomas was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm off break.  He was born in Altrincham, Cheshire.

Thomas made his debut for Oxfordshire in the 1978 Minor Counties Championship against Buckinghamshire.  Thomas played Minor counties cricket for Oxfordshire from 1978 to 1985, which included 27 Minor Counties Championship matches He made his List A debut against Warwickshire in the 1980 Gillette Cup.  In this match he scored 15 runs before being dismissed by Dilip Doshi. He played a further List A match against Glamorgan in the 1981 NatWest Trophy. In his second match, he scored 7 runs before being dismissed by Malcolm Nash.

Off spin
Off spin is a type of spin bowling in cricket. A bowler who uses this technique is called an off spinner. Off spinners bowl with their right-arm and a  finger spin action. Their normal delivery is called an off break, which spins from left to right (from the bowler's perspective) when the ball bounces on the pitch. For a right-handed batter, the ball breaks towards them from the off side, hence the name 'off break'.

Off spinners bowl mostly off breaks, varying them by adjusting the line and length of the deliveries. Off spinners also bowl other types of delivery, which spin differently. Aside from these variations in spin, varying the speed, length and flight of the ball are also important for the off spinner.

The bowler with the most wickets in the history of both Test matches and ODIs, Muttiah Muralitharan, was an off spinner.
DY365
DY 365 is a 24-hour Indian Assamese-language satellite news channel based in Guwahati, Assam, India. It was launched on 30 October 2008 and broadcasts news, current affairs, and infotainment programs. The Managing director of the channel is Dipannita Jaiswal.

News broadcasting
News broadcasting is the medium of broadcasting various news events and other information via television, radio, or the internet in the field of broadcast journalism. The content is usually either produced locally in a radio studio or television studio newsroom, or by a broadcast network. A news broadcast may include material such as sports coverage, weather forecasts, traffic reports, political commentary, expert opinions, editorial content, and other material that the broadcaster feels is relevant to their audience. An individual news program is typically reported in a series of individual stories that are presented by one or more anchors. A frequent inclusion is live or recorded interviews by field reporters.
Remington Model 14
The Remington Model 14 is a pump-action repeating rifle designed for the Remington Arms company by John Pedersen. It is part of a series of rifles that include the Remington Model 14-1/2 and the Remington Model 141.

Remington Arms
Remington Arms Company, LLC, was an American manufacturer of firearms and ammunition. It was formerly owned by the Remington Outdoor Company, which went bankrupt in 2020 with its lines of business sold to several purchasers. Two resulting companies each bear the Remington name—the firearms manufacturer is Remington Firearms owned by RemArms, LLC., and the ammunition business is Remington Ammunition owned by The Kinetic Group (Czechoslovak Group).

Founded in 1816 by Eliphalet Remington as E. Remington and Sons in Ilion, New York, it was one of the oldest gun makers in the United States and claimed to be the oldest factory in the country that still made its original product. The company was the largest rifle manufacturer in North America according to 2015 ATF statistics. The company developed or adopted more cartridges than any other gun maker or ammunition manufacturer in the world.
Ken Popejoy
David Joesph Popejoy (born 15 February 1972) is a retired American hammer thrower.

Popejoy was an All-American thrower for the Stanford Cardinal track and field team, finishing 5th in the hammer throw at the 1995 NCAA Division I Outdoor Track and Field Championships.

He competed at the 1996 Olympic Games and the 1997 World Championships without reaching the final. He competed alongside his closest friend Kevin McMahon, who competed in both the 1996 Olympics and the 2000 Olympic Games.

His personal best throw was 74.26 metres, achieved in June 1996 in Atlanta.

1997 World Championships in Athletics – Men's hammer throw
These are the official results of the men's hammer throw event at the 1997 World Championships in Athens, Greece. There were a total number of 43 participating athletes, with the final held on Sunday 3 August 1997.
Bert Edwards (cricketer)
Herbert Charles Edwards (3 December 1913 – 22 January 2002) was an English cricketer who played one first-class match, for Worcestershire against Lancashire at Old Trafford in 1946. Worcestershire lost the game by an innings well inside two days, with Edwards scoring 10 and 1. He held one catch, to dismiss Alan Wharton.

He was mostly a club cricketer, playing for Old Hill Cricket Club between 1932 and 1958, and serving as the club's president; in this he followed in the footsteps of his father before him.

Edwards was born in Colley Gate, then in Staffordshire; he died at the age of 88 in Stourbridge.

Stourbridge
Stourbridge (/ˈstaʊərbrɪdʒ/) is a market town in the Metropolitan Borough of Dudley in the West Midlands, England. Situated on the River Stour, the town lies around 11 miles (18 kilometres) west of Birmingham,
at the southwestern edge of the Black Country conurbation. Historically in Worcestershire, it was the centre of British glass making during the Industrial Revolution. The 2021 UK census recorded the town's population as 56,950.
Nanna Gotfredsen
Nanna W. Gotfredsen (born 11 March 1969) is a Danish lawyer and politician and Member of the Folketing for Copenhagen from the Moderates. Alongside sixteen other members of The Moderates, Gotfredsen was elected to the Folketing in November 2022.

Copenhagen (Folketing constituency)
Copenhagen (Danish: København) is one of the 12 multi-member constituencies of the Folketing, the national legislature of Denmark. The constituency was established in 2007 following the public administration structural reform. It consists of the municipalities of Copenhagen, Dragør, Frederiksberg and Tårnby. The constituency currently elects 17 of the 179 members of the Folketing using the open party-list proportional representation electoral system. At the 2022 general election it had 549,748 registered electors.
Connecticut Company
The Connecticut Company was the primary electric street railway company in the U.S. state of Connecticut, operating both city and rural trolleys and freight service. It was controlled by the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad (New Haven), which also controlled most steam railroads in the state. After 1936, when one of its major leases was dissolved, it continued operating streetcars and, increasingly, buses in certain Connecticut cities until 1976, when its assets were purchased by the state government.

Norwich, Connecticut
Norwich (/ˈnɔːrwɪtʃ/ NOR-wich) is a city in New London County, Connecticut, United States. The Yantic, Shetucket, and Quinebaug Rivers flow into the city and form its harbor, from which the Thames River flows south to Long Island Sound. The city is part of the Southeastern Connecticut Planning Region. The population was 40,125 at the 2020 United States Census.
Novobakayevo, Kushnarenkovsky District, Republic of Bashkortostan
Novobakayevo (Russian: Новобакаево; Bashkir: Яңы Баҡай, Yañı Baqay) is a rural locality (a village) in Bakayevsky Selsoviet, Kushnarenkovsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 65 as of 2010. There are 2 streets.

Kushnarenkovsky District
Kushnarenkovsky District (Russian: Кушнаре́нковский райо́н; Bashkir: Кушнарен районы or Кушнаренко районы, Kuşnaren(ko) rayonı) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the northern central part of the republic and borders with Birsky District in the north, Blagoveshchensky District in the northeast and east, Ufimsky District in the east and southeast, Chishminsky District in the south, Blagovarsky District in the south and southwest, Chekmagushevsky District in the west, and with Dyurtyulinsky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 1,717.77 square kilometers (663.23 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Kushnarenkovo. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 27,491, with the population of Kushnarenkovo accounting for 35.9% of that number.