hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Arthur Lisle Thompson
Arthur Lisle Thompson (19 June 1884 – 1 February 1949) was a Liberal party member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was born in Mooresville, Ontario and became an implement agent.

Thompson was an alderman of Chatham, Ontario from 1922 to 1925. He was the city's mayor in 1926 and 1927 then city manager from 1928 to 1935.

He was acclaimed to Parliament at the Kent riding by in a by-election on 11 December 1939 following the death of incumbent James Warren Rutherford. After serving the remainder of the 18th Canadian Parliament, Thompson was defeated by Earl Desmond of the National Government (Conservative) Party.

Acclamation
An acclamation is a form of election that does not use a ballot. It derives from the ancient Roman word acclamatio, a kind of ritual greeting and expression of approval towards imperial officials in certain social contexts.
Richard Mackie
Sir Richard Mackie KONS COCI (1851 – 1923) was a 19th-century Scottish businessman involved in ship brokerage and coal exporter who served as Provost of Leith from 1899 to 1908. He owned the shipping companies of Richard Mackie & Company and New Line Ltd.

Robert Kermit Red Star Line
In 1818 the Red Star Line (also known as Red Star Packet Line, New Line, and Second Line) was founded by Byrnes, Trimble & Co. from New York. (It should not be confused with the same-named Belgian/US-American shipping company Red Star Line, whose main ports of call were New York City and Philadelphia in the United States and Antwerp in Belgium). On September 11, 1835 the line was bought by Robert Kermit from New York, a ship-owner and agent for packet ships, and was renamed Robert Kermits Red Star Line (aka Kermit Line). In 1851 Robert Kermit took his brother-in-law Charles Carow into partnership as Kermit & Carow to carry on the business of general ship owning, commission and commercial trading. Robert Kermit died in 1855 and Carow assumed the business. In 1867 the Red Star Line went down.
Manuel L. Quezon High School
Manuel L. Quezon High School, formally known as Manuel Luis Quezon High School, situated along Blumentritt Road, Santa Cruz, Manila, Philippines, is one of the oldest public high schools in the city, aimed to serve the underprivileged. The school is named after Manuel L. Quezon, president of the Commonwealth of the Philippines from 1935 to 1944; the first Filipino to be in charge of a government of the Philippines.

Santa Cruz, Manila
Santa Cruz is a district in the northern part of the City of Manila, Philippines, located on the right bank of the Pasig River near its mouth. It is bordered by the districts of Tondo, Binondo, Quiapo, and Sampaloc, as well as the areas of Grace Park and Barrio San José in Caloocan, and the district of La Loma in Quezon City. The district belongs to the 3rd congressional district of Manila.
Vladimir Bogdanov (editor)
Vladimir Bogdanov (born 1965) is an American music critic, author, AllMusic editor and record producer. He is the editor of the fourth edition of the All Music Guide to Jazz (2002), and president of the AllMusic guide series.  Bogdanov created the first database for what was then the All Media Group.

Music criticism
The Oxford Companion to Music defines music criticism as "the intellectual activity of formulating judgments on the value and degree of excellence of individual works of music, or whole groups or genres". In this sense, it is a branch of musical aesthetics.

With the concurrent expansion of interest in music and information media since the turn of the 20th century, the term has come to acquire the conventional meaning of journalistic reporting on musical performances.
Professed House (Paris)
The Professed House was a Jesuit professed house in Paris, built on the rue Saint-Antoine in Le Marais. Its site between rue Saint-Paul, rue Saint-Antoine and rue Charlemagne are now occupied by the lycée Charlemagne. It welcomed theologians and scientists and was in a quarter lived in by the nobility. The église Saint-Louis (now église Saint-Paul-Saint-Louis) was built nearby.

Lycée Charlemagne
The Lycée Charlemagne (French pronunciation: [lise ʃaʁləmaɲ]) is located in the Marais quarter of the 4th arrondissement of Paris, the capital city of France.

Constructed many centuries before it became a lycée, the building originally served as the home of the Order of the Jesuits. The lycée itself was founded by Napoléon Bonaparte and celebrated its bicentennial in 2004.

The lycée is directly connected to the Collège Charlemagne (formerly known as le petit lycée) which is located directly across from it, on the Rue Charlemagne.

Also the lycée offers two-year courses preparing students for entry to the Grandes écoles, divided into seven classes:

three first-year classes: 
two of mathematics, physics, and engineering science
one of physics, chemistry, and engineering science

four second-year classes: 
two of mathematics and physics
two of physics and chemistry.
Southern Medical University
Southern Medical University (南方医科大学) is a provincial public medical university in Baiyun, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. Formerly as a military-affiliated medical university, the whole institution was transferred to the Guangdong Provincial People's Government and became a provincial public university in 2004. It is now wholly owned by the Guangdong Provincial People's Government.

Southern Medical University is in the foothills of the picturesque Baiyun Mountain in Guangzhou. The main campus, together with its south campus in the southern suburb of Guangzhou, covers an area of nearly one square kilometer. Its gardens are known for rows of green trees and bouquets of flowers blossoming on its campuses all throughout the year.

The university has expanded and now includes the Shunde Campus in Foshan City.

Baiyun, Guangzhou
Baiyun District is one of 11 urban districts of the prefecture-level city of Guangzhou, the capital of Guangdong Province, China. The district is located in the city's northern suburbs and is named after the Baiyun Mountain (the "White Cloud Mountain"), one of the area's natural attractions.
History of state education in Queensland
The history of state education in Queensland commences with the Moreton Bay penal settlement of New South Wales in Australia, which became the responsibility of the Queensland Government after the Separation of Queensland from New South Wales in 1859.

Australian Curriculum
The Australian Curriculum is a national curriculum for all primary and secondary schools in Australia under progressive development, review, and implementation. The curriculum is developed and reviewed by the Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting Authority, an independent statutory body. Since 2014 all states and territories in Australia have begun implementing aspects of the Foundation to Year 10 part of the curriculum.

Credentialing, and related assessment requirements and processes, remain the responsibility of states and territories.

The full Australian Curriculum can be accessed at its own website.
Jingmen A2C Ultra Seaplane
The Jingmen A2C Ultra Seaplane is a Chinese three-seat ultralight aircraft that was designed by the China Avionics Research Institute (the 605 Institute) and produced by Jingmen Aviation of Jingmen, introduced in 2003.

Rotax 912
The Rotax 912 is a horizontally-opposed four-cylinder, naturally-aspirated, four-stroke aircraft engine with a  reduction gearbox. It features liquid-cooled cylinder heads and air-cooled cylinders. Originally equipped with carburetors, later versions are fuel injected. Dominating the market for small aircraft and kitplanes, Rotax produced its 50,000th 912-series engine in 2014.  Originally available only for light sport aircraft, ultralight aircraft, autogyros and drones, the 912-series engine was approved for certified aircraft in 1995.
Mafia Nights
Mafia Nights (Persian: شب‌های مافیا) is an Iranian reality television series based on the Mafia game. All the players are celebrities and if they do well, they will make it to the finalists season. The first episode was released on Filimo on Tuesday, November 17, 2020.

Maryam Momen
Maryam Momen (Persian: مریم مؤمن; born 28 August 1998) is an Iranian actress. She is best known for her role as Fakhrolzaman Shalchi in Lady of the Mansion (2018–2019) for which she earned a Hafez Award nomination.
VMAQT-1
Marine Tactical Electronic Warfare Training Squadron 1 (VMAQT-1) was a United States Marine Corps electronic warfare training squadron consisting of EA-6B Prowler jets. The squadron was based at Marine Corps Air Station Cherry Point, North Carolina and fell under the command of Marine Aircraft Group 14 (MAG-14) and the 2nd Marine Aircraft Wing (2nd MAW). The VMAQT-1 logo was the Banshee, an Irish mythological figure foretelling death. Its motto was "Tairngreacht Bas," Gaelic for "Death Foretold."

Goidelic languages
The Goidelic (/ɡɔɪˈdɛlɪk/ goy-DEL-ik) or Gaelic languages (/ˈɡeɪlɪk/ GALE-ik; Irish: teangacha Gaelacha; Scottish Gaelic: cànanan Goidhealach; Manx: çhengaghyn Gaelgagh) form one of the two groups of Insular Celtic languages, the other being the Brittonic languages.

Goidelic languages historically formed a dialect continuum stretching from Ireland through the Isle of Man to Scotland. There are three modern Goidelic languages: Irish (Gaeilge), Scottish Gaelic (Gàidhlig), and Manx (Gaelg). Manx died out as a first language in the 20th century but has since been revived to some degree.
Sanita Levave
Sanita Levave (born 8 November 1988) is a women's rugby union player from Wellington, New Zealand. She plays as a Lock for Northern United, Wellington Pride and the New Zealand women's national rugby union team. She is the sister of the Hurricanes and Samoa national rugby union team player Faifili Levave.

New Zealand women's national rugby union team
The New Zealand women's rugby union team, called the Black Ferns (Māori: Rarauhe Pango [ɾaɾaʉhɛ paŋɔ]), represents New Zealand (excluding Hawke's Bay and North Harbour provinces) in women's international rugby union, which is the country's national sport. The team has won six out of ten Women's Rugby World Cup tournaments.

They have an 82 percent winning record in Test Match rugby, (updated 27 September 2025). Since their official international debut in 1991, the Black Ferns have lost to only five of the sixteen nations they have played against — Canada, England, France, Ireland and the United States. The team performs a haka before every match; this is a Māori challenge or posture dance. Traditionally the Black Ferns use the haka Ko Uhia Mai.
2009 Men's EuroHockey Nations Challenge I
The 2009 Men's EuroHockey Nations Challenge I was the third edition of the Men's EuroHockey Nations Challenge I, the third level of the European field hockey Championships organized by the European Hockey Federation. It was held from 25 to 31 July 2009 in Zagreb, Croatia.

The tournament also served as a qualifier for the 2011 Men's EuroHockey Championship II, with the finalists, Ukraine and Sweden, qualifying.

The 15 games in the tournament witnessed 81 goals being scored.

European Hockey Federation
EuroHockey is a European sports federation for field hockey, based in Brussels. It is the umbrella organisation for all European national federations, and organises the Euro Hockey League. The president of the league is Marcos Hofmann. In reaction to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, the European Hockey Federation banned the participation of all Russian and Belarusian athletes and officials from all events sanctioned by the Federation.
Josiah A. Harris
Josiah A. Harris (January 15, 1808 – August 21, 1876) was the ninth Mayor of Cleveland, Ohio in 1847.

Harris moved from Becket, Massachusetts in 1818 to North Amherst in Lorain County.  Harris was elected sheriff of Elyria in 1832 and began the Ohio Atlas & Elyria Advertiser, a weekly newspaper.  Harris moved to Cleveland in 1837 and purchased the Cleveland Herald and Gazette, where he proudly supported the Whig party.  He was elected mayor 10 years later in 1847.  He began to lose interest in the Herald and ended up quitting journalism altogether after the Civil War.  He retired to a farm in Rocky River.  Harris suffered a series of strokes and died at his daughter's home.  He is buried in the Erie Street Cemetery.

Harris married Esther M. Race in 1830 and had four children:  Bryon C., Brougham E., Zacharia, and Helen.

Lorain County, Ohio
Lorain County (/lɔːˈreɪn/) is a county in the northeastern part of the U.S. state of Ohio As of the 2020 census, the population was 312,964. Its county seat is Elyria, and its largest city is Lorain. The county was physically established in 1822, becoming judicially independent in 1824. Lorain County is part of the Cleveland, OH Metropolitan Statistical Area. The county is home to Oberlin College.
F. W. Grosheide
Frederik Willem Grosheide (25 November 1881 – 5 March 1972) was a Dutch New Testament scholar. He served as Professor of New Testament at the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam. He served as rector magnificus of that institution three times.

Grosheide wrote the original commentary on 1 Corinthians in the New International Commentary on the New Testament series. He also wrote a number of commentaries in the Korte Verklaring series: Acts, First and Second Corinthians, Hebrews, and the epistles of James and Jude. George Harinck suggests that, along with G. Ch. Aalders, Seakle Greijdanus, and Jan Ridderbos, Grosheide "took the lead in Neo-Calvinist exegetical production."

In 1951, a Festschrift was published in honour of his 70th birthday: Arcana revelata: Een bundel Nieuw-Testamentische studiën aangeboden aan Prof. Dr. F. W. Grosheide ter gelegenheid van zijn zeventigste verjaardag.

Grosheide was also chairman of the Bible Society of the Netherlands.

Neo-Calvinism
Neo-Calvinism is a Calvinist theological movement that was initiated in the late-19th century in the Netherlands. It was originally developed by theologians like Abraham Kuyper, a former Dutch prime minister, and Herman Bavinck who insisted on holding fast to historic Calvinistic thinking, but with a willingness to actively engage in every new context offered by a modern and pluralistic society. In this regard, Kuyper famously stated:

No single piece of our mental world is to be hermetically sealed off from the rest, and there is not a square inch in the whole domain of human existence over which Christ, who is sovereign over all, does not cry: 'Mine!'

While Neo-Calvinism originated in the Netherlands, it later found prominence in the United States, initially through Dutch immigrant theologians like Geerhardus Vos and Cornelius Van Til in the 20th century. It has since gained wider appeal in the United States and other countries, such as the United Kingdom and China.
Tom Gleave
Group Captain Thomas Percy Gleave CBE (6 September 1908 – June 1993) was a British fighter pilot during the Battle of Britain. He was shot down in his Hurricane the summer of 1940 and grievously burned. He was one of the first patients treated by Sir Archibald McIndoe at the Queen Victoria Hospital, East Grinstead, and became the first and only Chief Guinea Pig.

Queen Victoria Hospital
The Queen Victoria Hospital (QVH), located in East Grinstead, West Sussex, England is the specialist reconstructive surgery centre for the south east of England, and also provides services at clinics across the region. It has become world-famous for its pioneering burns and plastic surgery.  The hospital was named after Queen Victoria. It is managed by the Queen Victoria Hospital NHS Foundation Trust.

Proposals that the trust should be taken over by University Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundation Trust in 2021 were objected to by the governors of the trust.  In September 2021 66% of the consultants said they had no confidence in the chief executive.  In September 2022 the merger plans were abandoned.
Deepika Thakur
Deepika Thakur  (born 7 February 1987) is an Indian field hockey player and is currently the most senior and highest capped player of Indian women's Team. She plays as a Defender in the senior team and has represented India over 200 outings and has scored 24 goals.

India women's national field hockey team
The Indian women's national field hockey team represents India in international field hockey, and is governed by Hockey India. They are ranked 10th in the world and the second best team in Asia. They have won the gold at the 2002 Commonwealth Games and the 1982 Asian Games. They have also won the Asia Cup twice, in 2004 and 2017, and the Asian Champions Trophy thrice, in 2016, 2023 and 2024.
Logical Garnet
The Logical Garnet is the name Shea Zellweger gave to a labelled rhombic dodecahedron where Zellweger's Logic Alphabet is used to provide icons illustrative of his categorisation of the sixteen binary boolean connectives distributed to the  14 vertices of the geometric figure, with a fifteenth location depicting the Exclusive or and its negation, the logical biconditional. Zellweger described the Logic Alphabet as being like a "two-dimensional presentation of a higher-dimensional figure". He then states that the rhombic dodecahedron is a  three-dimensional version of this figure, which he calls the Logical Garnet  regarded it as similar to a garnet gemstone.

Shea Zellweger
Shea Zellweger (September 7, 1925 – August 7, 2022) was an American semiotician who served as Chair of the Psychology Department at the University of Mount Union from 1969 to 1992. Zellweger’s lifetime achievements and academic contributions to education continue to be significant. Zellweger created a simple and mentally intuitive system of logic notation called the Logic Alphabet. The Logic Alphabet, also known as the X-stem Logic Alphabet (XLA), is a notation system that contains a unique and visually iconographic approach to learning and performing logic operations. He also developed the Logical Garnet as a way of expressing these relationships as rhombic dodecahedron. Patents have been issued on its design in the United States, Canada and Japan.
Hozu River
The Hozu River (保津川, Hozugawa) is a part of Katsura River in Kyoto Prefecture, Japan. The river begins in the mountains near Kameoka, a town northwest of Kyoto City. It snakes into the Arashiyama section of western Kyoto before changing its name to Katsura River.

The Hozu River is considered scenic, and is known primarily for its association with Hozugawa Kudari, literally "down the Hozu river", a sightseeing whitewater boat that goes downstream from Kameoka to Arashiyama. Hozugawa Kudari is especially popular in the fall, when the Japanese Maple leaves change colors, and in the Spring, when the sakura, or Japanese cherry tree, blooms. The trip usually takes about two hours.

In August, 2006, a rock fell from the mountains that line the river and hit a woman on the head, seriously injuring her.  Overall, however, Hozugawa Kudari is considered safe.

Whitewater
Whitewater forms in the context of rapids, in particular, when a river's gradient changes enough to generate so much turbulence that air is trapped within the water. This forms an unstable current that froths, making the water appear opaque and white.

The term "whitewater" also has a broader meaning, applying to any river or creek that has a significant number of rapids. The term is also used as an adjective describing boating on such rivers, such as  whitewater canoeing or whitewater kayaking.
Gammaproteobacteria rimP leader
The γ-proteobacterial rimP leader is a putative attenuator element identified by bioinformatics within bacteria of the γ-proteobacterial phylum. It is located upstream of the rimP-nusA-infB operon encoding RimP, a protein shown to be involved in the 30S ribosomal subunit maturation, NusA, a transcriptional factor controlling termination, and the translation initiation factor IF-2 respectively. The rimP-leader presents a Rho-independent terminator at the 3' end, corresponding to a highly conserved GGGc(...)gCCC motif. This motif is presumed to operate as a non-coding leader. Its mechanism remains unknown, but it is tempting to speculate a regulatory involvement of the NusA protein, which expression has been shown to lower the operon expression, and which is already involved in the attenuation of the Trp, His and S10 operons.

Sequence motif
In biology, a sequence motif is a nucleotide or amino-acid sequence pattern that is widespread and usually assumed to be related to biological function of the macromolecule. For example, an N-glycosylation site motif can be defined as Asn, followed by anything but Pro, followed by either Ser or Thr, followed by anything but Pro residue.
Badak Lampung F.C.
Badak Lampung Football Club, commonly known as BLFC, was an Indonesian football club based in Bandar Lampung, Lampung. They played in the Liga 2 before relegation in the 2021 season. Their homebase was Sumpah Pemuda Stadium.

Bandar Lampung
Bandar Lampung (/ˈbɑːndɑː ˈlæmpʌŋ/
BUN-dar-LUM-pung; Indonesian: Kota Bandar Lampung; Lampung: Kutak Bandarlampung; and formerly Dutch: Oosthaven, lit. 'Eastern Harbor') is the capital and largest city of the Indonesian province of Lampung. Located on the southern tip of Sumatra, Bandar Lampung was originally called Tanjungkarang–Telukbetung, since it was a unification of two major settlements in Lampung, before being renamed in 1983.

The city proper, together with South Lampung Regency (which borders the city on its northern and eastern sides) and Pesawaran Regency (which borders it on its western side), are major transmigration recipients. The city's area is about 183.77 km2. It had a census population of 881,801 in 2010 and 1,166,066 in 2020; the official estimate as of mid-2024 was 1,077,664 (comprising 543,865 males and 533,799 females).
Xenodochium
In the early Middle Ages, a xenodochium or xenodochion (from Ancient Greek ξενοδοχεῖον, xenodokheîon or xenodocheion; place for strangers, inn, guesthouse) was either a hostel or hospital, usually specifically for foreigners or pilgrims, although the term could refer to charitable institutions in general. The xenodochium was a church institution that first appeared in the Byzantine world. The xenodochium was a more common institution than any of its more-specific counterparts, such as the gerocomium (from γεροντοκομεῖον, gerontokomeîon; place for the old), nosocomium (from νοσοκομεῖον, nosokomeîon; place for the sick) or orphanotrophium (for orphans). A hospital for victims of plague was called a xenodochium pestiferorum (guesthouse of the plague-carriers).

Hostel
A hostel is a form of low-cost, short-term shared sociable lodging where guests can rent a bed, usually a bunk bed in a dormitory sleeping 4–20 people, with shared use of a lounge and usually a kitchen. Rooms can be private or shared - mixed or single-sex - and have private or shared bathrooms. Food and beverage, laundry services, luggage storage, and lockers may also be available.

Hostels are popular forms of lodging for backpackers and with youth travel; however, most do not impose age limits. The global size of the hostel market was estimated at US$7.21 billion in 2023 and was projected to grow at a 6.5% compound annual growth rate until 2030. In 2019, there were an estimated 5,829 hostels in Europe and 4,738 hostels in Asia. The typical guest is between 16 and 34 years old, although it can vary depending on the country. Many hostels are locally owned and operated.