hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nikolay Bobrikov
Nikolay Ivanovich Bobrikov (Russian: Николай Иванович Бобриков; 27 January [O.S. 15 January] 1839 – 17 June [O.S. 4 June] 1904) was a Russian general and politician. He served as Governor-General of Finland and the Finnish Military District from 29 August [O.S. 17 August] 1898 until his death, during the early reign of Emperor Nicholas II, and was responsible for promoting Russification policies in Finland. After his appointment as governor-general, he quickly became very unpopular and was assassinated by Eugen Schauman, a Finnish nationalist born in Kharkov.

Veliky Novgorod
Veliky Novgorod (/vəˈliːki ˈnɒvɡərɒd/ ⓘ və-LEE-kee NOV-gə-rod; Russian: Великий Новгород, IPA: [vʲɪˈlʲikʲɪj ˈnovɡərət]; lit. 'Great Newtown'), also known simply as Novgorod (Новгород), is the largest city and administrative centre of Novgorod Oblast, Russia. It is one of the oldest cities in Russia, being first mentioned in the 9th century. The city lies along the Volkhov River just downstream from its outflow from Lake Ilmen and is situated on the M10 federal highway connecting Moscow and Saint Petersburg. UNESCO recognized Novgorod as a World Heritage Site in 1992. The city has a population of 224,286 (2021 census).

At its peak during the 14th century, the city was the capital of the Novgorod Republic and was one of Europe's largest cities. The "Великий" (Veliky) part was added to the city's name in 1999.
Motiș fortified church
Motiș fortified church (Romanian: Biserica fortificată din Motiș; German: Kirchenburg von Mortesdorf) is a historic Lutheran church in the village of Motiș (also known as Motișdorf, Motișul, Märtesdorf, Mertesdorf, Martonelke) in Valea Viilor Commune, Sibiu County, Transylvania, Romania that was historically home to a large Transylvanian Saxon (German) population.

Mortesdorf's church castle is a historic, listed-building, which is a late Gothic hall church first mentioned in the records in 1497 just prior to the Protestant Reformation when it became a Lutheran church. The building received a large renovation in 1718 and contains a baroque altar, built in 1791 showing Jesus with John the Apostle and Mary, mother of Jesus and pairs of columns featuring the apostles, Paul the Apostle with the sword of faith, and Saint Peter (with a broken hand), and a top picture represents the Resurrection of Jesus with the Eye of God above it.

Eye of Providence
The Eye of Providence or All-Seeing Eye is a symbol depicting an eye, often enclosed in a triangle and surrounded by rays of light or a halo, intended to represent Providence, as the eye watches over the workers of mankind. A well-known example of the Eye of Providence appears on the reverse of the Great Seal of the United States, which is depicted on the United States one-dollar bill. It also features prominently atop the original publication of France's Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen.
Ryōma
Ryōma is a Japanese given name. It can be written with several kanji, including 龍馬 (which directly translate to "dragon" and "horse")

The following people and fictional characters have the name Ryōma:

Ryouma Baba (馬場 良馬, born 1984), Japanese actor

Ryoma Hashimoto (橋本 竜馬, born 1988), Japanese basketball player

Ryoma Kimata (木俣 椋真, born 2002), Japanese snowboarder

Ryoma Matsuda (松田 遼馬, born 1994), Japanese baseball player

Sakamoto Ryōma (坂本 龍馬, 1836–1867), late-Edo Era notable

Ryoma Takeuchi (竹内 涼真, born 1993), Japanese actor, model and television personality

Ryoma Tanaka (田中 龍馬, born 2001), Japanese judoka

Ryoma Watanabe (渡邊 凌磨, born 1996), Japanese footballer

Ryoma Yamamoto (山本 凌雅, born 1995), Japanese triple jumper

Ryōma Baba
Ryōma Baba (馬場 良馬, Baba Ryōma; born December 15, 1984 in Chiba Prefecture) is a Japanese actor who is affiliated with Toki Entertainment. He played the role of Ryuji Iwasaki (Blue Buster) in the 2012 Super Sentai TV series Tokumei Sentai Go-Busters. His blood type is B.
Gale (publisher)
Gale is a global provider of research and digital learning resources. The company is based in Farmington Hills, Michigan, United States, west of Detroit. It has been a division of Cengage since 2007.

The company, formerly known as Gale Research and the Gale Group, is active in research and educational publishing for public, academic, and school libraries, and for businesses. The company is known for its full-text magazine and newspaper databases, Gale OneFile (formerly known as Infotrac), and other online databases subscribed by libraries, as well as multi-volume reference works, especially in the areas of religion, history, and social science.

Founded in Detroit, Michigan, in 1954 by Frederick Gale Ruffner Jr., the company was acquired by the International Thomson Organization (later the Thomson Corporation) in 1985 before its 2007 sale to Cengage.

School library
A school library, or school media center, is a library within a school where students, staff, and sometimes parents can borrow a variety of print and digital resources. The goal of a school library or media center is to ensure that all members of the school community have equitable access to materials for information gathering.

School libraries are distinct from public libraries because they serve the school's curriculum and are centered around providing school-related materials.
Xinjiang Library
The Xinjiang Library (simplified Chinese: 新疆图书馆; traditional Chinese: 新疆圖書館), also known as the Library of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, is an autonomous region-level public library of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China, located on Beijing Road in Urumqi.

Ürümqi
Ürümqi is the capital and largest city of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in Northwestern China. With a census population of 4 million in 2020, Ürümqi is the second-largest city in China's northwestern interior after Xi'an, and the second-largest in Central Asia in terms of population, after Kabul, Afghanistan. Ürümqi has seen significant economic development since the 1990s and currently serves as a regional transport node and a cultural, political and commercial center.
Pierre Belain d'Esnambuc
Pierre Belain, sieur d'Esnambuc (French pronunciation: [pjɛʁ bəlɛ̃ sjœʁ denɑ̃byk]; 1585–1636) was a French trader and adventurer in the Caribbean, who established the first permanent French colony, Saint-Pierre, on the island of Martinique in 1635.

Adventure
An adventure is a novel and exciting undertaking that is typically bold, sometimes risky. Adventures may be activities with danger such as traveling, exploring, skydiving, mountain climbing, scuba diving, river rafting, or other extreme sports. Adventures are often undertaken to create psychological arousal or in order to achieve a greater goal, such as the pursuit of knowledge that can only be obtained by such activities.
Flexbox
CSS Flexible Box Layout, commonly known as Flexbox, is a CSS web layout model. It is in the W3C's candidate recommendation (CR) stage. The flex layout allows responsive elements within a container to be automatically arranged  depending on viewport (device screen) size.

HTML element
An HTML element is a type of HTML (HyperText Markup Language) document component, one of several types of HTML nodes (some common node types include document, document fragment and attribute nodes). The first used version of HTML was written by Tim Berners-Lee in 1993 and there have since been many versions of HTML. The current de facto standard is governed by the industry group WHATWG and is known as the HTML Living Standard.

An HTML document is composed of a tree of simple HTML nodes, such as text nodes, and HTML elements, which add semantics and formatting to parts of a document (e.g., make text bold, organize it into paragraphs, lists and tables, or embed hyperlinks and images). Each element can have HTML attributes specified. Elements can also have content, including other elements and text.
Kitchener Dutchmen
The Kitchener Dutchmen were a Canadian junior ice hockey team based in Kitchener, Ontario, Canada.  They played in the Mid-Western division of the Greater Ontario Junior Hockey League. The Dutchmen turned into the Ayr Centennials.

Kitchener Rangers
The Kitchener Rangers are a major junior ice hockey team based in Kitchener, Ontario, Canada. They are members of the Midwest Division of the Western Conference of the Ontario Hockey League. The Rangers have won the J. Ross Robertson Cup as OHL champions in 1981, 1982, 2003 and 2008. They have appeared in six Memorial Cups (1981, 1982, 1984, 1990, 2003 and 2008), advancing to the final game of the tournament each of those six years. They are two-time Memorial Cup champions (1982, 2003).

The Rangers are publicly owned, with a board of directors. The team has more than 180 players and coaches going on to serve in the NHL including Gabriel Landeskog, Jeff Skinner, Radek Faksa, John Gibson, Nazem Kadri, Mike Richards, David Clarkson, Steve Mason, Derek Roy and Peter DeBoer. Five of their alumni have gone on to be inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame: Scott Stevens, Bill Barber, Paul Coffey, Larry Robinson and Al MacInnis.
Renuka Chowdhury
Renuka Chowdhury  (born - 13 August 1954) is an Indian politician and a member of the Rajya Sabha representing Indian National Congress. she represented the political party in the Rajya Sabha from Andhra Pradesh and currently in Telangana. She has also served as the Union minister of State (Independent Charge) for Ministry of Women and Child Development and Tourism in the Government of India.

Ministry of Tourism (India)
The Ministry of Tourism, a branch of the Government of India, is the apex body for the formulation and administration of the rules, regulations and laws relating to the development and promotion of tourism in India. It facilitates the Indian department of tourism. The head of the ministry is the Minister of Tourism, held by Gajendra Singh Shekhawat.
Sarcophagus of the Triumph of Bacchus (Lyon)
The Sarcophagus of the Triumph of Bacchus is a monumental ancient Roman stone sarcophagus of Carrara marble. The style and high quality of its reliefs and the choice of Bacchus triumphing over India as its subject suggests it came from a Roman workshop and possibly dates to the start of the 3rd century, from the reign of Caracalla to that of Elagabalus.

The sarcophagus was discovered in 1824 on the Saint-Just hill in Lyon, France, during the digging of the foundations for the 19th-century church of Saint Irenaeus. It was found at a depth of c. 4 m (13 ft), between the staircase of the church and an adjacent house, but because of a lack of funds, it was left in place and reburied. In 1845, at the urging of Ambroise Comarmond, it was reexcavated and transported to the Musée lapidaire. It is now in the Musée gallo-romain de Fourvière in Lyon.

Sarcophagus
A sarcophagus (pl.: sarcophagi or sarcophaguses) is a coffin, most commonly carved in stone, and usually displayed above ground, though it may also be buried. The word sarcophagus comes from the Greek σάρξ sarx meaning "flesh", and φαγεῖν phagein meaning "to eat"; hence sarcophagus means "flesh-eating", from the phrase lithos sarkophagos (λίθος σαρκοφάγος), "flesh-eating stone". The word also came to refer to a particular kind of limestone that was thought to rapidly facilitate the decomposition of the flesh of corpses contained within it due to the chemical properties of the limestone itself.
Won Sei-hoon
Won Sei-hoon (born January 31, 1951) is a former South Korean public servant. Born in Yeongju, he obtained a Masters in Urban Administration from Hanyang University. In 2009, he was appointed the 10th Director of the National Intelligence Service. He was indicted in June 2013 for attempted interference in the 2012 South Korean presidential election by allegedly ordering an online misinformation campaign against opposition candidates. On January 22, 2014, he was found guilty for graft. He got a 2-year jail term and a fine of some 160 million won. In 2015, the Supreme Court returned to a lower court this ruling. On August 30, 2017, he was sentenced to four years in prison by the Seoul High Court.

South Korean won
The South Korean won, sometimes known as the Republic of Korea won (symbol: ₩; code: KRW; Korean: 대한민국 원), is the official currency of South Korea. The won is technically equal to 100 jeon, but the jeon is no longer used for everyday transactions and appears only in foreign exchange rates. The currency is issued by the Bank of Korea, based in the capital city of Seoul. The South Korean won was first issued in 1949, then was replaced by the South Korean hwan between 1953 and 1962, before the adoption of the current South Korean won in 1962.
BATON
BATON is a Type 1 block cipher in use since at least 1995 by the United States government to secure classified information.

While the BATON algorithm itself is secret (as is the case with all algorithms in the NSA's Suite A), the public PKCS#11 standard includes some general information about how it is used.   It has a 320-bit key and uses a 128-bit block in most modes, and also supports a 96-bit electronic codebook mode. 160 bits of the key are checksum material. It supports a "shuffle" mode of operation, like the NSA cipher JUNIPER.  It may use up to 192 bits as an initialization vector, regardless of the block size.

In response to a Senate question about encrypted video links, the NSA said that BATON could be used for encryption at speeds higher than those possible with Skipjack.

PC Card
PC Card is a technical standard specifying an expansion card interface for laptops and PDAs. The PCMCIA originally introduced the 16-bit ISA-based PCMCIA Card in 1990, but renamed it to PC Card in March 1995 to avoid confusion with the name of the organization. The CardBus PC Card was introduced as a 32-bit version of the original PC Card, based on the PCI specification. CardBus slots are backward compatible, but older slots are not forward compatible with CardBus cards.

Although originally designed as a standard for memory-expansion cards for computer storage, the existence of a usable general standard for notebook peripherals led to the development of many kinds of devices including network cards, modems, and hard disks.

The PC Card port has been superseded by the ExpressCard interface since 2003, which was also initially developed by the PCMCIA. The organization dissolved in 2009, with its assets merged into the USB Implementers Forum.
Santana 2023
The Santana 2023 is a family of American trailerable sailboats that was designed by Steve Schock, with models for racing and cruising, first built in 1993.

The Santana 2023 is a development of W. Shad Turner's  1978 Santana 23 D design, using the same hull design, but different deck, mast and interior.

Cruising (maritime)
Cruising is a maritime activity that involves staying aboard a watercraft for extended periods of time when the vessel is traveling on water at a steady speed. Cruising generally refers to leisurely trips on yachts and luxury cruiseships, with durations varying from day-trips to months-long round-the-world voyages.
Cerebral vasospasm
Cerebral vasospasm is the prolonged, intense vasoconstriction of the larger conducting arteries in the subarachnoid space which is initially surrounded by a clot. Significant narrowing of the blood vessels in the brain develops gradually over the first few days after the aneurysmal rupture. This kind of narrowing usually is maximal in about a week's time following intracerebral haemorrhage. Vasospasm is one of the leading causes of death after the aneurysmal rupture along with the effect of the initial haemorrhage and later bleeding.

Elastic artery
An elastic artery (conducting artery or conduit artery) is an artery with many collagen and  elastin filaments in the tunica media, which gives it the ability to stretch in response to each pulse. This elasticity also gives rise to the Windkessel effect, which helps to maintain a relatively constant pressure in the arteries despite the pulsating nature of the blood flow. Elastic arteries include the largest arteries in the body, those closest to the heart. They give rise to medium-sized vessels known as distributing arteries (or muscular arteries).

The pulmonary arteries, the aorta, and its branches together comprise the body's system of elastic arteries. Other examples include the brachiocephalic artery, common carotid arteries, subclavian artery, and common iliac artery.
Raundalen Church
Raundalen Church (Norwegian: Raundalen kyrkje or Raundalskyrkja) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Voss Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. It is located in the Raundalen valley. It is the church for the Raundalen parish which is part of the Hardanger og Voss prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Bjørgvin. The brown, wooden church was built in a long church design in 1921 using plans drawn up by the architect Haldor Børve. The church seats about 125 people.

Diocese of Bjørgvin
The Diocese of Bjørgvin (Norwegian: Bjørgvin bispedømme) is one of the 11 dioceses that make up the Church of Norway. It includes all of the churches located in the county of Vestland in Western Norway, and those outside of Norway in the Seamen's Church. The cathedral city is Bergen, Norway's second largest city. Bergen Cathedral, formerly the Church of Saint Olaf, serves as the seat of the presiding Bishop. The Bishop since 2023 has been Ragnhild Jepsen.
Kharagpur Raj
Kharagpur Raj was a prominent chieftaincy, founded in the early 16th century in Bihar situated mainly in modern-day Munger district. They were notable for being one of the few chieftaincies in Bihar to convert to Islam and many of the rulers became firm allies of the Mughal authorities. At its peak, the Kharagpur Raj encompassed parts of the modern-day districts of Munger, Bhagalpur, Jamui, Lakhisarai, Godda and Deoghar. Due to its size, the Privy Council compared it with the Kingdom of Sardinia.

Deoghar district
Deoghar district (pronounced, Devo ka ghar) is one of the twenty-four districts of Jharkhand state in eastern India. Deoghar, the central city of the district, is also its administrative headquarters. This district is known for the Baidyanath Jyotirlinga shrine and is a part of the Santhal Pargana division. Deoghar is a Hindi word meaning abode ('ghar') of the Gods and Goddesses ('dev'). Deoghar is also known as "Baidyanath Dham", and "Baba Dham",.
The Study Quran
The Study Quran: A New Translation and Commentary (TSQ) is a 2015 English-language edition of the Quran edited by Seyyed Hossein Nasr and published by HarperOne. Fellow Muslims Joseph Lumbard, Caner Dagli and Maria Massi Dakake, prepared the translation, wrote the commentary, and also served as general editors, and Mohammed Rustom contributed as an assistant editor by checking the translation and writing some of the commentary. Alongside a new English translation and extensive commentary, The Study Quran features numerous essays, maps, and other material.

HarperOne
HarperOne is a publishing imprint of HarperCollins, specializing in books that aim to "transform, inspire, change lives, and influence cultural discussions." Under the original name of Harper San Francisco, the imprint was founded in 1977 by 13 employees of the New York City–based Harper & Row, who traveled west to San Francisco to be at the center of the New Age movement. Harper acquired the religious publisher Winston-Seabury from CBS in 1986. Harper San Francisco changed its name to HarperOne in 2007, and expanded its core book categories beyond religion and spirituality to include health and wellness and inspirational non-fiction.
Short hairpin RNA
A short hairpin RNA or small hairpin RNA (shRNA/Hairpin Vector) is an artificial RNA molecule with a tight hairpin turn that can be used to silence target gene expression via RNA interference (RNAi). Expression of shRNA in cells is typically accomplished by delivery of plasmids or through viral or bacterial vectors. shRNA is an advantageous mediator of RNAi in that it has a relatively low rate of degradation and turnover. However, it requires use of an expression vector, which has the potential to cause side effects in medicinal applications.

The promoter choice is essential to achieve robust shRNA expression. At first, polymerase III promoters such as U6 and H1 were used; however, these promoters lack spatial and temporal control. As such, there has been a shift to using polymerase II promoters, which are inducible, to regulate shRNA expression.

RNA polymerase III
In eukaryote cells, RNA polymerase III (also called Pol III) is a protein that transcribes DNA to synthesize 5S ribosomal RNA, tRNA, and other small RNAs.

The genes transcribed by RNA Pol III fall in the category of "housekeeping" genes whose expression is required in all cell types and most environmental conditions. Therefore, the regulation of Pol III transcription is primarily tied to the regulation of cell growth and the cell cycle and thus requires fewer regulatory proteins than RNA polymerase II. Under stress conditions, however, the protein Maf1 represses Pol III activity. Rapamycin is another Pol III inhibitor via its direct target TOR.
The King of England Will Not Pay
The King of England Will Not Pay (Italian: Il re d'Inghilterra non paga) is a 1941 Italian historical drama film directed by Giovacchino Forzano and starring Andrea Checchi, Silvana Jachino and Osvaldo Valenti. It was shot at the Tirrenia Studios. The film's sets were designed by the art directors Antonio Valente and Savino Fino.

Osvaldo Valenti
Osvaldo Valenti (17 February 1906 – 30 April 1945) was an Italian film actor. Valenti starred in several successful Italian movies of the late 1930s and early 1940s, such as the famous The Iron Crown and The Jester's Supper. He appeared in more than 50 films between 1928 and 1945. He and his lover, Luisa Ferida, were executed by partisans in Milan, Italy, due to their links with Fascism. Their story was portrayed in the 2008 film Wild Blood.
Monroe Epic
The Monroe EPIC was a programmable calculator that came on the market in the 1964. It consisted of a large desktop unit which attached to a floor-standing logic tower and was capable of being programmed to perform many computer-like functions. However, the only form of a branching instruction available was a hard-coded unconditional branch (GOTO) that always executed at program completion (the end of the operation stack) to return to the starting instruction of the program (looped back to the beginning of operation stack). This made the creation of conditional branching logic, such as IF-THEN-ELSE, impossible.

Hard coding
Hard coding (also hard-coding or hardcoding) is the software development practice of embedding data directly into the source code of a program or other executable object, as opposed to obtaining the data from external sources or generating it at runtime.

Hard-coded data typically can be modified only by editing the source code and recompiling the executable, although it can be changed in memory or on disk using a debugger or hex editor.

Data that is hard-coded is best suited for unchanging pieces of information, such as physical constants, version numbers, and static text elements.

Soft-coded data, on the other hand, encodes arbitrary information through user input, text files, INI files, HTTP server responses, configuration files, preprocessor macros, external constants, databases, command-line arguments, and is determined at runtime.
Lonnie O. Aulds
Lonnie Odell Aulds (August 14, 1925 – March 22, 1984) was a businessman from Shreveport, Louisiana, who was a Democratic member of the Louisiana House of Representatives from Shreveport in Caddo Parish in northwestern Louisiana. He served a single term from 1968 until 1972.

Caddo Parish, Louisiana
Caddo Parish (/ˈkædoʊ/; French: Paroisse de Caddo) is a parish located in the northwestern corner of the U.S. state of Louisiana. According to the 2020 U.S. census, the parish had a population of 237,848. The parish seat and largest city is Shreveport, which developed along the Red River.

The city of Shreveport is the economic and cultural center for the tri-state region of the Ark-La-Tex containing Caddo Parish. Caddo Parish is included in the Shreveport–Bossier City metropolitan statistical area.