hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Druzhina, Sakha Republic
Druzhina (Russian: Дружи́на) is a village in Abyysky Ulus of the Sakha Republic, Russia, a port by the left bank of the Indigirka River. It is located in the Aby Lowland, about 2,800 km northeast of Yakutsk and 120 km southwest from the Belaya Gora, ulus' administrative center.  Druzhina served as the administrative center of then Abyysky District (a predecessor of the modern Abyysky Ulus) until 1974.

The village is reachable either by the Indigirka River or by winter road (zimnik) from Verkhoyansk.

The main occupations of the dwindling population are fishing and hunting. The village has a meteorological station.

Verkhoyansk
Verkhoyansk (Russian: Верхоянск, IPA: [vʲɪrxɐˈjansk]; Yakut: Верхоянскай, romanized: Verxoyanskay) is a town in Verkhoyansky District of the Sakha Republic, Russia, located on the Yana River in the Arctic Circle, 92 kilometers (57 mi) from Batagay, the administrative center of the district, and 675 kilometers (419 mi) north of Yakutsk, the capital of the Sakha republic. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 1,311. Verkhoyansk holds the record for the highest  temperature ever recorded north of the Arctic Circle, with 38.0 °C (100.4 °F), and it also holds the record for the lowest temperature ever recorded in Asia, −67.8 °C (−90.0 °F), the largest ever temperature range recorded. The cold record is shared with Oymyakon.
Thomas Savage (bishop)
Thomas Savage (1449 in Clifton, Cheshire – 3 September 1507, in Cawood, Yorkshire) was a prelate, diplomat and scholar during the Tudor period. Savage served as Chaplain to King Henry VII and was Archbishop of York from 1501 until his death in 1507. Prior to his consecration as a Bishop, Savage served as a diplomat and rector (Savage continued to carry out diplomatic duties whilst he was a Bishop). As a diplomat Savage held the positions of English Ambassador to Castile and Portugal, during which time he helped broker the marriage treaty between Arthur, Prince of Wales and Catherine of Aragon in 1489, and later held the position of English Ambassador to France from 1490, where he took part in the conference at Boulogne.

Tudor period
In England and Wales, the Tudor period occurred between 1485 and 1603, including the Elizabethan era. The Tudor period coincides with the reign of the House of Tudor, which began with the accession of Henry VII and ended with the death of Elizabeth I.  Under the Tudor dynasty, art, architecture, trade, exploration, and commerce flourished. Historian John Guy (1988) argued that "England was economically healthier, more expensive, and more optimistic under the Tudors" than at any time since the ancient Roman occupation.
Oxeia
Oxeia (Greek: Οξεία) is a Greek island in the Ionian Sea. As of 2011, it had no resident population. It is the chief island in the southern group (the Ouniades) of the Echinades, part of the Ionian Islands.  Oxeia possesses the highest point in the Echinades, 421 metres (1,381 feet). It is situated near the mouth of the river Acheloos, off the coast of Aetolia-Acarnania.  The island is around 5 kilometres (3 miles) in length and its width is approximately 2 km (1 mile). The Battle of Lepanto took place near the island in 1571.

In April 2012, it was bought by Qatar Holdings.

Achelous River
The Achelous (Greek: Αχελώος, Ancient Greek: Ἀχελῷος Akhelôios), also Acheloos, is a river in Epirus, western Greece. It is 220 km (137 mi) long. It formed the boundary between Acarnania and Aetolia of antiquity. It empties into the Ionian Sea. In ancient times its spirit was venerated as the river god Achelous.

Herodotus, taking notice of the shoreline-transforming power of the Acheloos River, even compared it to the Nile in this respect:

'There are other rivers as well which, though not as large as the Nile, have had substantial results. In particular (although I could name others), there is the Achelous, which flows through Acarnania into the sea and has already turned half the Echinades islands into mainland.' (2.10, trans. Waterfield)

It is said to have been called more anciently Thoas, Axenus and Thestius.
International Language & Business Centre
International Language & Business Centre (ILBC) is a private school established on May 2, 1995, in the Republic of the Union of Myanmar. It has established 26 schools in eight major cities of the country: Yangon, Mandalay, Naypyidaw, Myitkyina, Taunggyi, Monywa, Lashio, Taungoo, and Myeik .

Monywa
Monywa (Burmese: မုံရွာမြို့, MLCTS: muṃ rwa mrui.; pronounced [mòʊɰ̃jwà mjo̰]) is a city in Sagaing Region, Myanmar, located 136 kilometres (85 mi) north-west of Mandalay on the eastern bank of the River Chindwin. Monywa is one of the most economically important cities in Myanmar. It is also known as 'Neem City' because many of the city's streets are lined with neem trees.
Birgül Güler
Birgül Güler (born (1990-05-02)2 May 1990) is a Turkish former female volleyball player who played as a right-side hitter. She was part of the Turkey women's national volleyball team.

She competed at the 2013 Women's European Volleyball Championship. On club level she played for Nilüfer Bursa.

2013 Women's European Volleyball Championship
The 2013 Women's European Volleyball Championship was the 28th edition of the European Volleyball Championship, organised by Europe's governing volleyball body, the Confédération Européenne de Volleyball. It was hosted by Germany and Switzerland from 6 to 14 September 2013. The matches took place in 5 different cities (4 in Germany and one in Switzerland) with the final being played in Berlin.

Russia defeated Germany 3–1 in the final to capture their 18th title and the qualification for the 2013 FIVB Women's World Grand Champions Cup.
Jürg Schubiger
Jürg Schubiger (14 October 1936 – 15 September 2014) was a Swiss psychotherapist and writer of children's books. He won the Deutscher Jugendliteraturpreis (German Youth Literature Award) in 1996 for Als die Welt noch jung war.

For his "lasting contribution" as a children's writer Schubiger received the biennial Hans Christian Andersen Medal in 2008. The award conferred by the International Board on Books for Young People is the highest recognition available to a writer or illustrator of children's books.

International Board on Books for Young People
The International Board on Books for Young People (IBBY) is an international nonprofit organization committed to bringing books and children together. The headquarters of IBBY are located in Basel, Switzerland.
Bobby Clark (footballer, born 1945)
Robert Brown Clark (born 26 September 1945) is a Scottish football player and coach. Clark, who played as a goalkeeper, spent most of his playing career with Aberdeen. He also played for Queen's Park, Washington Whips, San Antonio Thunder and Clyde. Clark played 17 times for Scotland and represented the Scottish League. He later became a coach, mainly working in New Zealand and the United States.

NCAA Division I men's soccer tournament
The NCAA Division I men's soccer tournament, sometimes known as the College Cup, is an American intercollegiate soccer tournament conducted by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), and determines the Division I men's national champion. The tournament was formally held in 1959, when it was an eight-team tournament. Since then, the tournament has expanded to 48 teams, in which every Division I conference tournament champion is allocated a berth. Among the most successful programs, Saint Louis won 10 titles during dynasty years between 1959 and 1973. Indiana has won 8 titles beginning in 1982, whereas Virginia has won 7 titles beginning in 1989.

Although the tournament is frequently referenced as the "College Cup", the NCAA applies the title only to the semifinal and championship rounds of the tournament proper. Since the tournament began, the semifinal and final fixtures have been held at a neutral site predetermined by the NCAA before starting the regular season.
Dictyota
Dictyota is a genus of brown seaweed in the family Dictyotaceae. Species are predominantly found in tropical and subtropical seas, and are known to contain numerous chemicals (diterpenes) which have potential medicinal value. As at the end of 2017, some 237 different diterpenes had been identified from across the genus.

Albert Grunow
Albert Grunow (3 November 1826, Berlin – 17 March 1914, Berndorf, Lower Austria) was a German-Austrian chemist and phycologist. He specialized in the study of diatoms.

From 1851 he worked as a chemist in a metal works factory in Berndorf. In 1857-59 he participated in the Austrian "Novara Expedition", and was tasked with analysis of its algal collections. Also, he served as a collector, preparator and determiner of specimens towards the development of Gottlob Ludwig Rabenhorst's diatom exsiccatae. Grunow himself co-edited two exsiccata series, one of them under the title Algae Ceylanicae, legit W. Ferguson, determ. A. Grunow with William Ferguson, the other under the title Types du synopsis de Diatomees de Belgique par le Dr. Henri Van Heurck. Déterminations, notes et diagnoses par M. A. Grunow with Henri van Heurck.

In 1901 he donated his collection of extant and fossil diatoms to the Natural History Museum of Vienna. He was a corresponding member of the Geologischen Reichsanstalt.
RK Borac Banja Luka
Rukometni klub Borac Banja Luka (Serbian Cyrillic: Рукометни клуб Бopaц Бања Лука) is a handball club from Banja Luka, Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is part of the Borac sports society.

The federal league of Yugoslavia was founded in 1957. The handball club Borac became its member and since then was competing in the league until the disintegration of SFR Yugoslavia in 1992. Borac was the champion of SFR Yugoslavia seven times between 1959 and 1981.

In addition, RK Borac Banja Luka had won the Cup of Republika Srpska twelve times between 1993 and 2013. The Cup competition did not take place in 1995 because of war activities.

The following players were crowned the European Champions in 1976: Milorad Karalić, Zdravko Rađenović, Nedeljko Vujinović, Abas Arslanagić, Dobrivoje Selec, Momir Golić, Nebojša Popović, Miro Bjelić, Zoran Ravlić, Boro Golić, Rade Unčanin, Slobodan Vukša, Mile Kekerović, Zlatko Jančić. Coach: Pero Janjić.

Milorad Karalić
Milorad Karalić (Serbian Cyrillic: Милорад Каралић, born 7 January 1946) is a Serbian former handball player who competed for Yugoslavia in the 1972 Summer Olympics and in the 1976 Summer Olympics.

He was born in Potkozarje, Bosnia and Herzegovina, then Yugoslavia.

In 1972, he was part of the Yugoslav team which won the gold medal at the Munich Games. He played all six matches and scored two goals.

Four years later he was a member of the Yugoslav team which finished fifth in the Olympic tournament. He played all six matches and scored eleven goals.
Homoeosoma inustella
Homoeosoma inustella is a species of snout moth in the genus Homoeosoma. It was described by Ragonot in 1884. It is found in Spain, France, Italy, Switzerland, Austria, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, North Macedonia, Ukraine, Belarus and Russia.

The wingspan is about 20 mm.

Émile Louis Ragonot
Émile Louis Ragonot (12 October 1843 – 13 October 1895) was a French entomologist.  In 1885, he became president of the Société entomologique de France.

He named 301 new genera of butterflies and moths, mostly pyralid moths.

He is also the author of several books:

Diagnoses of North American Phycitidae and Galleriidae (1887) published in Paris

(in French) Nouveaux genres et espèces de Phycitidae & Galleriidae (1888)

(in French) Essai sur une classification des Pyralites (1891-1892)

(in French) Monographie des Phycitinae et des Galleriinae. pp. 1–602 In N.M. Romanoff. Mémoires sur les Lépidoptères. Tome VIII. N.M. Romanoff, Saint-Petersbourg. xli + 602 pp. (1901)

Ragonot's collection can be found in the National Museum of Natural History, Paris, France.
Teodomiro Gutiérrez Cuevas
Teodomiro A. Gutiérrez Cuevas, also known by his pseudonym Rumi Maqui (Quechua for hand of stone), was a Peruvian Army Major and Indigenous leader who led a rebellion in Puno in 1915. After his imprisonment, he escaped his prison in Arequipa in January 1917.

Puno
Puno (Aymara and Quechua: Punu) is a city in southeastern Peru, located on the shore of Lake Titicaca. It is the capital city of the eponymous Puno Province and Puno Region; in 2017, it had a population of 135,288 (2017 census). The city was established in 1668 by viceroy Pedro Antonio Fernández de Castro as capital of the province of Paucarcolla with the name San Juan Bautista de Puno. The name was later changed to San Carlos de Puno, in honor of king Charles II of Spain. Puno has several churches dating back from the colonial period; they were built to service the Spanish population and evangelize the Quechua people.
Nasser Al-Shamrani
Nasser Al-Shamrani (Arabic: ناصر الشمراني; born 23 November 1983) is a Saudi Arabian former footballer who played for the Saudi Arabia national team as a forward. Often considered one of the most versatile, effective Saudi Arabian strikers of all time, he won the Asian Footballer of the Year award in 2014.

Saudi Super Cup
The Saudi Super Cup is an annual super cup competition in Saudi Arabian football. Established in 2013 as a match between two teams, the format was expanded in 2022 to include four teams: the winners and runners-up of both the Saudi Pro League and the King's Cup.
Sheeri Rappaport
Sheeri Rappaport is an American actress. She is most famous for portraying lab technician Mandy Webster on CSI: Crime Scene Investigation.

Rappaport made her television debut with a guest role on Clarissa Explains It All. She portrayed the Amazon Otere on Xena: Warrior Princess, and also made guest appearances on 7th Heaven, The Drew Carey Show, The District and Strong Medicine. She also appeared in the films Claustrophobia, Seeing Other People, and The United States of Leland.

Apart from CSI, Rappaport also portrayed Officer Mary Franco in seasons 7 and 8 of NYPD Blue. Other roles include a manipulative Catholic schoolgirl in the 1996 teen horror film Little Witches, and as Lois Lane in the Blayne Weaver film, Losing Lois Lane.

Strong Medicine
Strong Medicine is an American medical drama with a focus on feminist politics, health issues and class conflict that aired on Lifetime from July 23, 2000, to February 5, 2006. It was created and produced in part by Whoopi Goldberg, who made cameos on the series, and by Tammy Ader. It starred Rosa Blasi, Janine Turner, and Patricia Richardson. It was the highest-rated original drama on basic cable in 2001.
Museum of Northern History
The Museum of Northern History is a historic house museum located in Kirkland Lake, Ontario, Canada with more than 10,000 artifacts (photographs, objects, etc.) highlighting the social, cultural and industrial history of the Kirkland Lake region, with a particular focus in relation to mining. The museum is located in the Sir Harry Oakes Chateau. The museum also hosts several art exhibitions each year showcasing local talent of Kirkland Lake, as well as regional and international artists. The Museum also holds many arts & cultural events/activities throughout the year and is available as a rental venue for small events, or photo sessions.

Historic house museum
A historic house museum is a house of historic significance that is preserved as a museum. Historic furnishings may be displayed in a way that reflects their original placement and usage in a home. Historic house museums are held to a variety of standards, including those of the International Council of Museums. Houses are transformed into museums for a number of different reasons. For example, the homes of famous writers are frequently turned into writer's home museums to support literary tourism.
Battle of Hatikvah Neighborhood
On the evening of December 8, 1947, about four-hundred well-trained Palestinians led by Hasan Salama attacked Hatikva a dense, working-class Temani neighborhood, and were repelled by 100 Jewish fighters, including elements of the recently formed Haganah Givati Brigade.

The neighborhood's civilian inhabitants, primarily old Yemenite Jews, responded quickly by rushing into the city's theaters and restaurants and raising the alert.

The Arab attack was launched from Salameh, a village near Jaffa, which had also sent 150 gunmen to attack Kibbutz Ef'al days earlier on 4 December and which was believed to be Hasan Salama's base for the Army of the Holy War.

'The Battle of Hatikvah' was the first military battle of the 1947-48 Civil War in Mandatory Palestine.  On the night of December 8, 1947, 400 Arab Nationalist fighters commanded by Hasan Salama attacked the Hatikvah and Beit Yaakov neighborhoods. The attack was repulsed with heavy Arab losses.

Salama, Jaffa
Salamah (Arabic: سلمة) was a Palestinian Arab town located five kilometers east of Jaffa, that was depopulated in the lead-up to the 1948 Arab-Israeli War. The town contained the reputed grave of Salama Abu Hashim, a companion of the prophet Muhammad. His tomb, two schools, and several houses are among the few surviving structures of the former settlement.
Hayts Corners, Ovid & Willard Railroad
The Hayts Corners, Ovid & Willard Railroad was a 4-mile rural branch line (Willard Branch) of the Lehigh Valley Railroad running between the connection with the Ithaca branch of the Lehigh Valley at Hayts Corners and Willard Asylum for the Chronic Insane in Seneca County, New York. The history of the Willard Branch was tied with the history of the asylum at Willard.

Willard Asylum for the Chronic Insane
The Willard Asylum for the Chronic Insane is a former state hospital in Willard, New York, United States, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

In 1865 the Legislature authorized the establishment of The Willard Asylum for the Insane. Opened in 1869, the asylum offered low-cost custodial care. The Willard drug treatment center was opened in 1995 on the campus of the former Willard Psychiatric State Hospital, a facility for mental patients.

In 1995, some 400 suitcases that were brought in by the patients were discovered in an asylum attic.
Agropur
Agropur Cooperative is a Canadian dairy agricultural cooperative founded on August 24, 1938, in Granby, Quebec by L.-A. Mondou, Omer Deslauriers, and 86 local dairy producers. Currently headquartered in Saint-Hubert, Quebec, Agropur operates brands such as Natrel, Oka cheese, and Québon in the industrial, retail, and food service sectors. As of 2021, the cooperative has 2,908 members and a workforce of around 7,500 employees. It generated revenues of C$7.3 billion in 2021.

Granby, Quebec
Granby (French pronunciation: [ɡʁanbi]) is a town in the southwestern region of Quebec east of Montreal. According to the latest statistics from the 2021 Canadian Census, Granby has a population of 69,025. It is the administrative center of La Haute-Yamaska Regional County Municipality and is the second most populous city in the Eastern Townships after Sherbrooke. The town's name is derived from John Manners, Marquess of Granby. One of the town's main attractions is the Granby Zoo, and its well-known Lac Boivin fountain, also a notable landmark of the area. The mayor, Julie Bourdon, was elected on November 7, 2021, being the first female mayor of Granby.
Phillip Joll
Phillip Joll (born 14 March 1954) is a Welsh operatic baritone known for his portrayal of Wotan in Wagner's Der Ring des Nibelungen.

Born 14 March 1954 in Merthyr Tydfil, Joll was a pupil at Cyfarthfa High School, before joining the Royal Northern College of Music. He graduated from the National Opera Studio in London. Joll has appeared with the English and Welsh National Operas. He appears in a wide variety of roles in the German and Italian repertoire in roles such as Simon Boccanegra, Falstaff, Rigoletto, Tonio in Pagliacci, and Wozzeck.

His Australian debut was as Jochanaan in Richard Strauss' Salome in 1988 for the Lyric Opera of Queensland. He first sang Wotan with the Seattle Opera in 2000.

Salome (opera)
Salome, Op. 54, is an opera in one act by Richard Strauss. The libretto is Hedwig Lachmann's German translation of the 1891 French play Salomé by Oscar Wilde, edited by the composer. Strauss dedicated the opera to his friend Sir Edgar Speyer.

The opera is famous (at the time of its premiere, infamous) for its "Dance of the Seven Veils". The final scene is frequently heard as a concert-piece for dramatic sopranos.
Culture in Missoula, Montana
The culture of Missoula, Montana is influenced by the nearby University of Montana in art, sports, and music with the city's location in a mountain river valley also encouraging outdoor events and recreation.

Adventure Cycling Association
Adventure Cycling Association is a nonprofit member organization focused on travel by bicycle (bicycle touring). Headquartered in Missoula, Montana, Adventure Cycling develops cycling routes, publishes maps, provides guided trips, and advocates for better and safer cycling in the U.S. The organization grew from a mass cross-country bicycle ride in 1976 to celebrate the U.S. Bicentennial. Adventure Cycling also publishes a magazine, Adventure Cyclist.

Adventure Cycling celebrated its 40th anniversary in 2016 by hosting the Montana Bicycle Celebration in Missoula, promoting events like Bike Your Park Day and Bike Travel Weekend, and publishing its first-ever coffee table book, America's Bicycle Route: The Story of the TransAmerica Bicycle Trail.
1826 Chilean presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Chile on July 8, 1826. The National Congress of Chile voted to elect the first President of the Republic of Chile.

The election was called after the resignation of General Ramón Freire from the post of supreme director on July 7, 1826. On the nights of the seventh and eighth, the Congress decided that the supreme chief of state would carry the title of President of the Republic, and that a vice president would be elected to replace him in case of illness, etc.

On July 8, the Congress elected Admiral Manuel Blanco Encalada as president and Agustín Eyzaguirre as vice president.

Supreme Director of Chile
The supreme director of Chile was the head of state and government of Chile in the periods of 1814 and 1817-1826.

The first supreme director was Francisco de la Lastra, but before him Antonio José de Irisarri had served for 7 days as interim supreme director, the last person to hold the title was Ramón Freire.
Slapboxing
Slapboxing (or slap-boxing) is a physical activity somewhat simulating boxing, where open handed slaps are used instead of fists. This is a quasi-martial art form, at an intersection between sparring and fighting, is usually performed in an ad hoc or informal manner, or when boxing protective gear is unavailable. Although a popular pastime in some circles, it is generally considered a competitive sport, but also a game or training drill.

Several rappers including Pharoahe Monch, Noreaga, Killarmy, Eminem, Ice Cube, R.A. the Rugged Man, and Brother Ali have songs in which they reminisce about slapboxing. Author Victor D. LaValle wrote the critically acclaimed Slapboxing with Jesus, a story about teenagers living in Queens, New York. The book's title is a take on a line from Ghostface Killah's Daytona 500.

In a 2004 Dateline NBC interview, singer Bobby Brown claimed to have been slapboxing with Whitney Houston when it turned violent.

Sparring
Sparring is a form of training common to many combat sports. It can encompass a range of activities and techniques such as punching, kicking, grappling, throwing, wrestling or submission work dependent on style. Although the precise form varies, it is essentially relatively 'free-form' fighting, with enough rules, customs, or agreements to minimize injuries. By extension, argumentative debate is sometimes called sparring.