hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mario H. Gottfried Gutiérrez
Mario Héctor Gottfried Gutiérrez (September 7, 1919 – November 2, 1999,) was a businessman in the Mexican electric industry, and captain of the Air Force of the United States. He founded several Mexican companies, including Reliance de Mexico, S.A. de C.V., and Potencia Industrial, S.A.

Pemex
Pemex (a portmanteau of Petróleos Mexicanos, which translates to Mexican Petroleum in English; Spanish pronunciation: [ˈpemeks]) is the Mexican state-owned petroleum corporation managed and operated by the Mexican government. It was formed in 1938 by nationalization and expropriation of all private oil companies in Mexico at the time of its formation, making PEMEX an enduring symbol of Mexican nationalism. Pemex had total assets worth $101.8 billion in December 2019 and as of 2009 was Latin America's second largest enterprise by annual revenue, surpassed only by Petrobras (the Brazilian national oil company). The company is the seventh most polluting in the world according to The Guardian.
ORF7a
ORF7a (also known by several other names, including SARS coronavirus X4, SARS-X4, ORF7a, or U122) is a gene found in coronaviruses of the Betacoronavirus genus. It expresses the Betacoronavirus NS7A protein, a type I transmembrane protein with an immunoglobulin-like protein domain. It was first discovered in SARS-CoV, the virus that causes severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). The homolog in SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, has about 85% sequence identity to the SARS-CoV protein.

Sequence alignment
In bioinformatics, a sequence alignment is a way of arranging the sequences of DNA, RNA, or protein to identify regions of similarity that may be a consequence of functional, structural, or evolutionary relationships between the sequences. Aligned sequences of nucleotide or amino acid residues are typically represented as rows within a matrix. Gaps are inserted between the residues so that identical or similar characters are aligned in successive columns.
Sequence alignments are also used for non-biological sequences such as calculating the distance cost between strings in a natural language, or to display financial data.
2016 Cebu local elections
Local elections were held in Cebu on May 9, 2016, as part of the 2016 Philippine general election. Voters selected from among candidates for all local positions: a town mayor, vice mayor and town councilors, as well as members of the Sangguniang Panlalawigan, the vice-governor, governor and representatives for the seven districts of Cebu (including two districts of Cebu City and the lone district of Lapu-Lapu City).

Legislative districts of Cebu
The legislative districts of Cebu are the representations of the province of Cebu in the various national legislatures of the Philippines. At present, the province is represented in the  House of Representatives by its seven congressional districts, with their respective representatives being elected every three years. Locally, the districts are also allotted two seats in the Cebu Provincial Board, with board members also being elected every three years.
Ahesta Bero
Ahesta Bero (Dari: آهسته برو) or Ohista Birav (Tajik: оҳиста бирав), literally meaning "walk slowly" ("walk graciously"), is a musical composition played to welcome the bride and groom's entrance to the wedding hall in weddings, most often in Afghanistan and the Afghan diaspora.

Usually the accompanied couple is walked slowly under the sanction of the Qur'an, as the attending guests rise in honor of the holy book. This anthem is a very strong tradition in these marriage ceremonies. The song itself is believed to have originally been composed by the folk singer Abdul Rahim (Ustad) Sarban in the mid-20th century.

Religious text
Religious texts, including scripture, are texts which various religions consider to be of central importance to their religious tradition. They often feature a compilation or discussion of beliefs, ritual practices, moral commandments and laws, ethical conduct, spiritual aspirations, and admonitions for fostering a religious community.

Within each religion, these texts are revered as authoritative sources of guidance, wisdom, and divine revelation. They are often regarded as sacred or holy, representing the core teachings and principles that their followers strive to uphold.
Rick L. Edgeman
Rick L. Edgeman (born 1954 in Pueblo, Colorado - USA) is an American statistician and quality professional, and Professor of Sustainability & Performance at AU Herning and in the Interdisciplinary Center for Organizational Architecture, at Aarhus University, School of Business and Social Sciences. Concurrently, he is visiting professor in the Centre for Sustainable Operations & Resilient Supply Chains (CSORSC) at The University of Adelaide (Australia).

He is primarily known for his work on Quality Management, Performance Management and Sustainable Enterprise Excellence (SEE). He is an Academician of the International Academy of Quality.

Quality management
Quality management (QM) ensures that an organization, product, or service consistently performs as intended. It has four main components: quality planning, quality assurance, quality control, and quality improvement. Customers recognize that quality is an important attribute when choosing and purchasing products and services. Suppliers can recognize that quality is an important differentiator of their offerings, and endeavor to compete on the quality of their products and the service they offer. Thus, quality management is focused both on product and service quality.
Kotomi (kickboxer)
Kotomi Misawa (born 28 July 1996), popularly known as KOTOMI, is a retired Japanese kickboxer, who competed in K-1 and Krush, where she was the Krush Women's Flyweight champion.

She was ranked as a top ten pound for pound female kickboxer by Combat Press between February 2021 and April 2023, as well as by Beyond Kick between November 2022 and April 2023.

Pound for pound
Pound for pound is a ranking used in combat sports, such as boxing, wrestling, or mixed martial arts, adjusted to compensate for weight class. As fighters in different weight classes do not compete directly, determining the best fighter pound for pound requires subjective judgment, and ratings often vary as a result.
Las Mañanitas
"Las Mañanitas" Spanish pronunciation: [las maɲaˈnitas] is a traditional Mexican birthday song written by Mexican composer Alfonso Esparza Oteo. It is popular in Mexico, usually sung early in the morning to awaken the birthday person, and especially as part of the custom of serenading women. A famous rendition of "Las Mañanitas" is sung by Pedro Infante to "Chachita" in the movie Nosotros los pobres. It is also sung in English in The Leopard Man (1943).

Alfonso Esparza Oteo
Alfonso Esparza Oteo (Aguascalientes, 2 August 1894 - Mexico City, 31 January 1950) was a Mexican composer. Esparza first success among Mexico City music fans was a foxtrot, and his music was enormously popular in the 1920s. Álvaro Obregón was listening to "El Limoncito", one of Esparza's compositions, when he was assassinated.
Yeo Soo-yeon
Yeo Soo-yeon is a former South Korean short-track speed skater. She is a Team World champion as well as a champion and a two-time silver medalist of the Winter Universiade.

During the 2004–05 World Cup season, she won a 3000 m race and finished second in both 1000 m and 1500 m races at the last World Cup stage in Spišská Nová Ves, Slovakia. She also achieved several victories and podiums in relay during that season.

After retiring from competitive sports Yeo worked as a teenagers' coach in Middleburg, Virginia, US. In September 2013, she was also appointed as Sport Manager for the ISU disciplines within the Sports Operation Department for the 2018 Winter Olympics.

Spišská Nová Ves
Spišská Nová Ves (Slovak pronunciation: [spiʃskaː nɔvaː ves] ⓘ; Hungarian: Igló; German: (Zipser) Neu(en)dorf) is a town in the Košice Region of Slovakia. The town is located southeast of the High Tatras in the Spiš region, and lies on both banks of the Hornád River. It is the biggest town of the Spišská Nová Ves District.

Tourist attractions nearby include the medieval town of Levoča, Spiš Castle, and the Slovak Paradise National Park. A biennial music festival, Divertimento musicale, is held here, attracting amateur music ensembles from all over Slovakia.
The Higher Law (1914 film)
The Higher Law is a 1914 American silent drama film directed by Charles Giblyn and featuring Murdock MacQuarrie, Pauline Bush and Lon Chaney. It was written by Harry G. Stafford, based on a story by George Bronson Howard. This film was the second in a series of four films called The Adventures of Francois Villon. Lon Chaney was featured in this one, as well as in the first installment, The Oubliette (1914), but did not appear in the other two. The film is now considered to be lost. The film co-starred Millard K. Wilson, who became a lifelong friend of Chaney and later served as his director in films at M-G-M.

Charles Giblyn
Charles Giblyn (September 6, 1871 – March 14, 1934) was an American film director and actor of the silent era. He directed nearly 100 films between 1912 and 1927. He also appeared in 23 films between 1914 and 1934. He was one of the founders of the Motion Picture Directors Association.

Beginning in 1914, Giblyn worked with the Universal Motion Picture Manufacturing Company. Giblyn was the screenwriter for Scandal (1917). He founded Albion Productions, a film production company, in 1922.

On Broadway, Giblyn acted in The Song of the Sword (1899), Wheels Within Wheels (1899), and The Ambassador (1900).

Giblyn was born in Watertown, New York, and died in Los Angeles, California.
Maials
Maials (Catalan pronunciation: [maˈjals]) is a municipality in the comarca of the Segrià in Catalonia, Spain. It used to be the centre of the Maials Barony (Baronia de Maials).

It has a population of 921 (register office, 2024) .

Comarques of Catalonia
The comarques of Catalonia (singular comarca, Eastern Catalan: [kuˈmarkə], Western Catalan: [koˈmaɾka]), often referred to in English as counties, are an administrative division of Catalonia. Each comarca comprises a number of municipalities, roughly equivalent to a county in the United States. Currently, Catalonia is divided into 42 comarques and Aran, considered a "unique territorial entity" and not a comarca.

Each comarca has a representative county council (Catalan: consell comarcal), except for Barcelonès, which abolished it in 2019, and Aran, which instead has the Conselh Generau d'Aran.

Comarques form the second-level administrative division within Catalonia, being a subdivision of vegueries (or provinces at state level).
Carolina Armenteros
Carolina Armenteros is a Spanish intellectual historian of Europe specializing in the era of 1750–1914. Along with Richard Lebrun, she is one of the leading scholars of Joseph de Maistre. She has also published on gender theory and philosophy of religion.

She is educated at Stanford University and the University of Cambridge. She has taught and conducted research at the University of Cambridge, the Université Sorbonne Nouvelle, the American University of Paris, and the University of Groningen. She is the recipient of a British Academy Research Fellowship and of several Visiting Fellowships at Wolfson College, Cambridge. She currently directs the Center for European Studies at the Pontificia Universidad Católica Madre y Maestra in the Dominican Republic.

American University of Paris
The American University of Paris (AUP) is a private university in Paris, France. Founded in 1962, the university is one of the oldest American institutions of higher education in Europe, and the first to be established in France. The university campus consists of seven buildings, centrally located in the 7th arrondissement of Paris, on the Left Bank near the Eiffel Tower, Les Invalides, and the Seine.

The university's language of instruction is English, although students must prove a level of proficiency in French prior to graduation. The university has over 1,200 students, representing over 100 nationalities, with an average student-to-faculty ratio of ten to one. The university's faculty members represent 30 nationalities, with 71% holding doctoral degrees and close to 70% speaking three or more languages.
Johannessen Harbour
Johannessen Harbour (65°26′S 65°25′W﻿ / ﻿65.433°S 65.417°W﻿ / -65.433; -65.417) is a sheltered anchorage lying to the east and northeast of Snodgrass Island in the Pitt Islands, in the northern Biscoe Islands, Antarctica. The harbour was entered by the ship Norsel in 1955 and was then surveyed by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey. It was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee for Olav Johannessen, the master of Norsel.

Falkland Islands and Dependencies Aerial Survey Expedition
The Falkland Islands and Dependencies Aerial Survey Expedition (FIDASE) was an aerial survey of the Falkland Islands Dependencies and the Antarctic Peninsula which took place in the 1955–56 and 1956–57 southern summers.

Funded by the Colonial Office and organized by Peter Mott, the survey was carried out by Hunting Aerosurveys Ltd.  The expedition was based at Deception Island and utilized the Oluf Sven, two Canso flying-boats, and several helicopters.

The photographic collection, held by the British Antarctic Survey as the United Kingdom Antarctic Mapping Centre, comprises about 12,800 frames taken on 26,700 kilometers of ground track.
Tim Clark (jockey)
Tim Clark (born 1 August 1986) is a horse racing jockey. He has ridden 496 winners overall in Australia with 2010–2011 his best season to date, in which he rode 97 winners. He started his career in Hong Kong in 2011–2012.

The Galaxy (ATC)
The Galaxy is an Australian Turf Club Group One Thoroughbred open handicap horse race, run over a distance of 1,100 metres at Rosehill Gardens Racecourse in Sydney, Australia in March or April. Total prize money for the race is A$1,000,000.
Glafiro Salinas Mendiola
Glafiro Salinas Mendiola (31 May 1946 – 2 September 2025) was a Mexican politician affiliated with the National Action Party (Spanish: Partido Acción Nacional, PAN).

Glafiro Salinas was born on 31 May 1946 in Nuevo Laredo, Tamaulipas. He held a degree in business management from the Autonomous University of Tamaulipas (UAT), where he later taught and served as the director of the Faculty of Commerce and Management.

In the 2012 general election, he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies to represent Tamaulipas's 1st district during the 62nd session of Congress. 
He later served in the Congress of Tamaulipas from 2016 to 2021.

Salinas Mendiola died on 2 September 2025, at the age of 79.

Autonomous University of Tamaulipas
The Autonomous University of Tamaulipas (in Spanish: Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, UAT) is a Mexican public university based in Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas. Throughout the larger cities of Reynosa, Matamoros, Nuevo Laredo, and Tampico and smaller cities of Ciudad Mante and Valle Hermoso are UAT campuses that offer undergraduate studies.

Each of the various university faculties offer graduate studies leading to the Master's or Doctorate Degree. The Faculty of Medicine of Tampico offers the professional degree of Physician & Surgeon (Medico-Cirujano) as well as post-graduate specialty certificates in: pediatrics, internal medicine, surgery, obstetrics & gynecology, family practice, and intensive care medicine. The university's "Center of Excellence" (Centro de Excelencia) sponsors specialized professional certificates and studies for the state of Tamaulipas.
Super Jam
Super Jam is a live studio recording featuring jazz, pop and traditional standards, many of them film scores, included in the German TV series, Villa Fantastica. The album featured the series' musical director Brian Auger on piano, Pete York on drums, Dick Morrissey on tenor saxophone, Roy Williams on trombone, Harvey Weston on bass guitar, plus the singers Zoot Money and Maria Muldaur.

Traditional pop
Traditional pop (also known as pre-rock and roll pop) is Western popular music that generally pre-dates the advent of rock and roll and pop music in the mid-1950s. The most popular and enduring songs from this era of music are known as pop standards or American standards. The works of these songwriters and composers are usually considered part of the canon known as the "Great American Songbook". More generally, the term "standard" can be applied to any popular song that has become very widely known within mainstream culture and recorded by many artists.

AllMusic defines traditional pop as "post-big band and pre-rock & roll pop music".
Chaas
Chaas (gu:છાશ chhash, hi:छाछ chhachh) is a curd-based drink popular across the Indian subcontinent. In Magahi and Bundeli, it is called Mattha. In Rajasthani it is called Khati chaas or khato, in Odia it is called Ghol/Chaash, moru in Tamil and Malayalam, taak in Marathi, majjiga in Telugu, majjige in Kannada, ale (pronounced a-lay) in Tulu and ghol in Bengali. In Indian English, it is often referred to as buttermilk.

Rajasthani languages
The Rajasthani languages are a group of various languages derived from Western Indo-Aryan languages, primarily spoken in Rajasthan and Malwa, and adjacent areas of Haryana, Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh in India and Bahawalpur division of Pakistani Punjab and the adjacent areas of Sindh. They have also reached different corners of India, especially eastern and southern parts, due to the migrations of people of the Marwari community who use them for internal communication. Rajasthani languages are also spoken to a lesser extent in Nepal, where they are spoken by 25,394 people according to the 2011 Census of Nepal.

The term Rajasthani is also used to refer to a literary language mostly based on Marwari.: 441
Royal Dutch Mathematical Society
The Royal Dutch Mathematical Society (Koninklijk Wiskundig Genootschap in Dutch, abbreviated as KWG) was founded in 1778. Its goal is to promote the development of mathematics, both from a theoretical and applied point of view.

The society publishes the quarterly journal Nieuw Archief voor Wiskunde, the magazine Pythagoras, wiskundetijdschrift voor jongeren for high school children, and the scientific journal Indagationes Mathematicae.

Each year the society organizes a winter symposium for high school teachers. Biannually Koninklijk Wiskundig Genootschap organizes the Dutch Mathematical Congress. Once every three years, the society awards the prestigious Brouwer Medal to a distinguished mathematician. This medal is named after L. E. J. Brouwer.

L. E. J. Brouwer
Luitzen Egbertus Jan "Bertus" Brouwer (27 February 1881 – 2 December 1966) was a Dutch mathematician and philosopher who worked in topology, set theory, measure theory and complex analysis. Regarded as one of the greatest mathematicians of the 20th century, he is known as one of the founders of modern topology, particularly for establishing his fixed-point theorem and the topological invariance of dimension.

Brouwer also became a major figure in the philosophy of intuitionism, a constructivist school of mathematics which argues that mathematics is a cognitive construct rather than a type of objective truth. This position led to the Brouwer–Hilbert controversy, in which Brouwer sparred with his formalist colleague David Hilbert. Brouwer's ideas were subsequently taken up by his student Arend Heyting and Hilbert's former student Hermann Weyl. In addition to his mathematical work, Brouwer also published the short philosophical tract Life, Art, and Mysticism (1905).
Miles Rock
Miles Rock (October 10, 1840 – January 29, 1901) was an American civil engineer, geologist and astronomer. He was part of the first graduating class of Lehigh University in 1869.  He assisted Benjamin Apthorp Gould in the creation of the Observatorio Astronómico de Córdoba in Argentina between 1870 and 1873. He worked on the Wheeler Survey which mapped parts of the western United States from 1878 to 1879 and as Chief of the Guatemala Boundary Commission from 1883 to 1898 which defined the disputed Guatemala–Mexico border.

Guatemala–Mexico border
The international border between Guatemala and Mexico measures 871 km (541 mi). It runs between north and west Guatemala (the Guatemalan departments of San Marcos, Huehuetenango, El Quiché and El Petén) and the Mexican states of Campeche, Tabasco and Chiapas. The border includes stretches of the Usumacinta River, the Salinas River, and the Suchiate River.

Geopolitically, this border represents much of the western and northern boundary of the region of Central America within North America. It is across this border that most of the commerce between Mexico and Guatemala and the rest of Central America takes place.
Chip Berlet bibliography
This bibliography of Chip Berlet contains a list of articles, books, book chapters, book reviews, presentations and reports by activist and author Chip Berlet as well as articles about him and his works.

South End Press
South End Press was a non-profit book publisher run on a model of participatory economics. It was founded in 1977 in Boston's South End. It published books written by political activists, notably Arundhati Roy, Noam Chomsky, bell hooks, Winona LaDuke, Manning Marable, Ward Churchill, Cherríe Moraga, Andrea Smith, Howard Zinn, Jeremy Brecher and Scott Tucker. South End Press closed in 2014.
Spanish conquest of Oran (1509)
The conquest of Oran by the Spanish Empire took place on May 1509, when an army led by Pedro Navarro on behalf of the Cardinal Cisneros seized the North African city, which was controlled by the Kingdom of Tlemcen (Zayyanid dynasty).

Zayyanid dynasty
The Zayyanid dynasty or Ziyanids (Arabic: زيانيون, Ziyāniyyūn) or Abd al-Wadids (Arabic: بنو عبد الواد, Bānu ʿAbd āl-Wād) was a Berber Zenata dynasty that ruled the Kingdom of Tlemcen, mainly in modern Algeria centered on the town of Tlemcen in northwest Algeria. The Zayyanid dynasty's rule lasted from 1235 to 1557.
Summertime Clothes
"Summertime Clothes" is a song by experimental pop band Animal Collective. It was released on June 29, 2009 in the UK and on July 7, 2009 in the US as the second single from the band's 2009 album Merriweather Post Pavilion, by Domino Records. The song was originally known as "Bearhug."

The single features three new remixes of the song by Dâm-Funk, Leon Day, and Zomby, and is available as a 12" vinyl single and as a digital download.

Domino Recording Company
Domino Recording Company, or simply Domino, is a British independent record label based in London. There is also a wing of the label based in Brooklyn, New York that handles releases in the United States, as well as a German division called Domino Deutschland and a French division called Domino France. In addition, Stephen Pastel presides over the subsidiary label Geographic Music, which releases more 'unusual' music from Britain and outside of the Western world. In 2011, the company announced that it was beginning a book publishing division, The Domino Press.
Hoya megalaster
Hoya megalaster is a species in the genus Hoya. It was discovered in Papua New Guinea in the late 19th century. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant, requiring protection in temperate climates, where it may be used as a houseplant. As of February 2016, The Plant List regarded Hoya megalaster as an unresolved name.

Houseplant
A houseplant, also known as a pot plant, potted plant, or indoor plant, is an ornamental plant cultivated indoors for aesthetic or practical purposes. These plants are commonly found in homes, offices, and various indoor spaces, where they contribute to the ambiance by adding natural beauty and improving air quality. Most houseplants are tropical or semi-tropical species, as they thrive in the warm, humid conditions often found indoors. Many of them are epiphytes (plants that grow on other plants), succulents (which store water in their leaves), or cacti, which are particularly well-suited to indoor environments due to their low maintenance requirements.