hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sandro Girgvliani murder case
The Sandro Girgvliani murder case is one of the most notorious criminal cases in the modern history of Georgia. The killing in January 2006, and the events that followed, generated heavy criticism of the former government, particularly the interior minister, and debate about the extent to which then President Mikheil Saakashvili had truly introduced judicial independence and a democratic culture into Georgian society.

Judicial independence
Judicial independence is the concept that the judiciary should be independent from the other branches of government, meaning that courts should not be subject to improper influence from those branches or from private or partisan interests. Judicial independence is an important component of the separation of powers.

Different countries deal with the idea of judicial independence through different means of judicial selection, that is, choosing judges. One method seen as promoting judicial independence is by granting life tenure or long tenure for judges, as it would ideally free them to decide cases and make rulings according to the rule of law and judicial discretion, even if those decisions are politically unpopular or opposed by powerful interests. This concept can be traced back to 18th-century England.
Backstamp
In philately a backstamp is a postmark on the back of a letter showing a post office or station through which the item passed in transit. The office of delivery may also backstamp a cover and this type of mark is known as a receiving mark. It provided a way to track the route of a letter, simplifying the overall process of mailing.

Backstamps are often applied as documentation of transit times, lengthy ones in the case of ocean crossings or short ones in the case of airmail flights. Registered mail is often backstamped in order to show the chain of custody.

Mail that has had complex routings can have a dozen or more backstamps. Although such covers may look positively blackened with the overlapping marks, they are not common and so are highly valued by collectors of postal history, being described as "well travelled".

Philately
Philately (/fɪˈlætəli/; fih-LAT-ə-lee) is the study of postage stamps and postal history. It also refers to the collection and appreciation of stamps and other philatelic products. While closely associated with stamp collecting and the study of postage, it is possible to be a philatelist without owning any stamps. For instance, the stamps being studied may be very rare or reside only in museums.
Chamber of Central Mass South
The Chamber of Central Mass South is the local chamber of commerce for portions of Hampden and Worcester counties within South Central Massachusetts. The chamber represents the business needs of over 300 businesses and thousands of employees in the area.

Membership in the Chamber of Central Mass South also includes membership in the Worcester Regional Chamber of Commerce at no extra cost.

Central Massachusetts
42°30′N 72°00′W﻿ / ﻿42.5°N 72°W﻿ / 42.5; -72

Central Massachusetts is the geographically central region of Massachusetts. Though definitions vary, most include all of Worcester County and the northwest corner of Middlesex County. Worcester, the largest city in the area, and the seat of Worcester County, is often considered the cultural capital of the region. Other populous cities include Fitchburg, Gardner, Leominster, and arguably Marlborough.
Paolo Samorì
Paolo Samorì (born in Imola, Italy, 3 May 1971) is an Italian physical chemist and Distinguished Professor (PRCE) at the Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS) of the Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA) & CNRS where he heads the Nanochemistry Laboratory and he has been institute director (2012-2023).

Société chimique de France
The Société Chimique de France (SCF) is a learned society and professional association founded in 1857 to represent the interests of French chemists in a variety of ways in local, national and international contexts.  Until 2009 the organization was known as the Société Française de Chimie.
Kanto Plains Association of Secondary School Principals
The Kanto Plains Association of Secondary School Principals (KPASSP) is an organization comprising the principals of various international schools in the Kanto region of Japan.

Members of the association include the principals of the following institutions:

American School in Japan

Aoba-Japan International School

Christian Academy in Japan

Kinnick High School / Yokosuka Middle School

St. Mary's International School

Saint Maur International School

Seisen International School

The British School in Tokyo

International School of the Sacred Heart

Yokohama International School

Yokota High School

Zama High School

K. International School Tokyo

Tokyo International School

Seisen International School
Seisen International School (SIS) is an all-girls Catholic school located in Setagaya, in Tokyo, Japan. Students and faculty from over sixty countries are represented at Seisen, with English being the main language of instruction. It offers the International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme for grades 11 and 12.  It is accredited by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (Japan), New England Association of Schools and Colleges and the Council of International Schools.  
It teaches Montessori kindergarten (coed, ages 2–6) and grades 1-12 (girls only, ages 6–18).

According to the Good Schools Guide International, "The school is popular and has a good reputation."

According to Anne-Marie De Mejía, Seisen International School provides a specifically Christian orientation in its programmes.
D'Arnaud's barbet
D'Arnaud's barbet (Trachyphonus darnaudii) is a species of bird in the family Lybiidae that is found in East African. Barbets and toucans are a group of birds with a worldwide tropical distribution. The barbets get their name from the bristles which fringe their heavy bills.

Lybiidae
Lybiidae is a family of birds also known as the African barbets. There are 44 species ranging from the type genus Lybius of forest interior to the tinkerbirds (Pogoniulus) of forest and scrubland. They are found throughout sub-Saharan Africa, with the exception of the far south-west of South Africa.

The African terrestrial barbets, Trachyphoninae, range from the southern Sahara to South Africa. Members of one genus, Trachyphonus, are the most open-country species of barbets. The subfamily Lybiinae contains the African arboreal barbets. There are 37 species of Lybiinae in 8 genera.
Communist Party of Belgium (1989)
The Communist Party of Belgium (French: Parti Communiste de Belgique, pronounced [paʁti kɔmynist də bɛlʒik], abbr. PCB) is a communist party in Belgium. It was founded in Wallonia in 1989 as the Communist Party of Wallonia-Brussels (French: Parti communiste Wallonie-Bruxelles [paʁti kɔmynist walɔni bʁysɛl]) after the original Communist Party of Belgium was bifurcated along linguistic lines, and refounded as the PCB following the extinction of its counterpart in Flanders. Pierre Beauvois was the General Secretary of the party to 2006.

PC publishes Le Drapeau Rouge and Mouvements. It was part of the Party of the European Left until July 2018.

Party of the European Left
The Party of the European Left (PEL), or European Left (EL), is a European political party that operates as an association of democratic socialist and communist political parties in the European Union and other European countries. It was formed in January 2004 for the purposes of running in the 2004 European Parliament elections. The PEL was founded on 8–9 May 2004 in Rome. The elected MEPs from member parties of the PEL sit in The Left in the European Parliament – GUE/NGL group in the European Parliament, though not all PEL members are also members of GUE/NGL. The current president is the Austrian politician Walter Baier.
Kristín Helga Gunnarsdóttir
Kristín Helga Gunnarsdóttir (born 24 November 1963) is an Icelandic writer, novelist, columnist and environmental activist.

She is best known for her series of children's books on the character Fíasól, first published in 2004, which has been translated into Russian. Krístin Helga has also written for theatre, radio and television and published.

Kristín Helga is a three time winner of the Icelandic Women's Literature Award and has been awarded the Reykjavík City Children's Book Award. In 2008 she was awarded the West Nordic Council's Children and Youth Literature Prize for her book Draugaslóð. She was nominated for the Nordic Council Literature Award in 2018 for Vertu ósýnilegur – Flóttasaga Ishmaels.

National Theatre of Iceland
The National Theatre of Iceland (NTI) (Icelandic: Þjóðleikhúsið, pronounced [ˈθjouðˌleikˌhuːsɪθ]) in Reykjavík, is the national theatre of Iceland. 
The theater, designed by Guðjón Samúelsson, was formally opened on 20 April 1950. Since 2020, the artistic director of The National Theatre is Magnús Geir Þórðarsson.
Giampaolo Pazzini
Giampaolo Pazzini (Italian pronunciation: [dʒamˈpaːolo patˈtsiːni]; born 2 August 1984), nicknamed Il Pazzo ("The Madman") after his surname, is a former Italian professional footballer who played as a striker.

He spent most of his career in Serie A with Atalanta, Fiorentina, Sampdoria, Inter Milan and AC Milan, and Hellas Verona, also playing in Serie B for the first and last of those clubs. He is well known for his eye for goal and movement off the ball, especially in the penalty area, as well as his aerial prowess and excellent ability to score headed goals.

A former Italian international, Pazzini earned a total of 25 caps and represented his nation at the 2010 FIFA World Cup.

Udinese Calcio
Udinese Calcio (Italian pronunciation: [udiˈneːze ˈkaltʃo, -eːse -]; "Udinese Football") is a professional football club based in Udine, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy. The team currently competes in the Serie A, the first tier of Italian football. It was founded on 30 November 1896 as a sports club, and on 5 July 1911 as a football club.

The traditional team home kit is black and white striped shirt, black shorts, and white socks. The club broadcasts on channel 110 (Udinese Channel) on digital terrestrial television in the north-east of Italy. It has many fans in Friuli and the surrounding areas.
Buttered Popcorn
"Buttered Popcorn" is a 1961 song written by Motown executives Berry Gordy and Barney Ales, produced by Gordy, and released as a Tamla label single by Motown singing group The Supremes. It was the group's second single after signing with Motown Records (and their third overall) as well as their second, and last, single for the Tamla label, before moving to the Motown label.

Barney Ales
Baldassare "Barney" Ales (May 13, 1934 – April 17, 2020) was an American music industry executive best known as a leading figure and sometime company president at Motown Records.  He is credited with successfully promoting the black-owned company in the wider white-dominated music industry in the US.
Bull Lake (Sheppard Township)
Bull Lake is a lake in geographic Sheppard Township in Sudbury District, Ontario, Canada. It is about 1,100 metres (3,609 ft) long and 500 metres (1,640 ft) wide, and lies at an elevation of 318 metres (1,043 ft) about 32 kilometres (20 mi) northeast of the community of Capreol and 62 kilometres (39 mi) southwest of the community of Temagami. The primary outflow is an unnamed creek to Rawson Lake, and further through a series of lakes, Halleck Lake and Halleck Creek into the Sturgeon River.

A second Bull Lake in Sudbury District that is also part of the same Sturgeon River system, Bull Lake (Turner Township), lies 22 kilometres (14 mi) north.

Sudbury District
The Sudbury District is a district in Northeastern Ontario in the Canadian province of Ontario. It was created in 1894 from townships of eastern Algoma District and west Nipissing District. In 1973, the Regional Municipality of Sudbury was created as a separate jurisdiction out of the district.

The overwhelming majority of the district (about 92%) is unincorporated and part of Unorganized North Sudbury District. With the exception of Chapleau, all of the district's incorporated municipalities are found in the area immediately surrounding the city of Greater Sudbury to the west, east and south. North of the Greater Sudbury area, the district is sparsely populated; between Sudbury and Chapleau, only unincorporated settlements, ghost towns and small First Nations reserves are found.
Polyipnus nuttingi
Polyipnus nuttingi, commonly known as Nutting's hatchet fish, is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Sternoptychidae. It occurs in deep water in the Indo-Pacific Ocean, at depths between about 384 and 658 metres (1,300 and 2,200 ft).

Neopterygii
Neopterygii (from Ancient Greek νέος (néos), meaning "new", and πτέρυξ (ptérux), meaning "wing, fin") is a subclass of ray-finned fish (Actinopterygii). Neopterygii includes the Holostei and the Teleostei, of which the latter comprise the vast majority of extant fishes, and over half of all living vertebrate species. While living holosteans include only freshwater taxa, teleosts are diverse in both freshwater and marine environments. Many new species of teleosts are scientifically described each year.

The potentially oldest known neopterygian is the putative "semionotiform" Acentrophorus varians from the Middle Permian of Russia; however, one study incorporating morphological data from fossils and molecular data from nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, places this divergence date at least 284 mya (million years ago), during the Artinskian stage of the Early Permian. Another study suggests an even earlier split (360 myr ago, near the Devonian-Carboniferous boundary).
Gasterella
The Gasterellaceae are a family of fungi in the order Boletales. The family contains a single genus Gasterella, which in turn contains the single species Gasterella luteophila, found in the USA. The genus and species were described by American mycologists Sanford Myron Zeller and Leva Belle Walker in 1935; the family by Zeller in 1948.

Sanford Myron Zeller
Sanford Myron Zeller (19 October 1885 – 4 November 1948) was an American mycologist.

Born in Coldwater, Michigan, Zeller was educated at Lawrence College in Wisconsin, then Greenville College in Illinois, from which he received a Bachelor of Science degree in 1909. He earned his doctorate in botany in 1917 at Washington University in St. Louis, and two years later started a 29-year stint as a plant pathologist and professor at the Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station in Corvallis, Oregon. He published over 150 scientific papers during his career. Zeller specialized in the gasteroid fungi.

Independently, he described 3 orders, 9 families, 7 genera, 81 species, and published 29 new names and combinations, as well as 3 genera, 62 species, and 59 combinations in collaborations with other scientists. Zeller was the associate editor of the scientific journal Phytopathology from 1924 to 1930.
Carol Johnson (British politician)
Carol Alfred Johnson, CBE (24 November 1903 – 30 July 2000) was a British Labour politician.

Johnson was educated at the School of Law, and the London School of Economics, before becoming a solicitor.  After a period in private practice, he became an assistant town clerk. From 1943 to 1959, he was secretary to the Parliamentary Labour Party.

Johnson was elected to Lambeth Borough Council in 1937, serving until 1949.  He was elected as Member of Parliament for Lewisham South from 1959, serving until the general election of February 1974, when the constituency was abolished by boundary changes.

Johnson was chair of the History of Parliament Trust.  He was joint honorary secretary of the British Council of the European Movement, and was also active in the Ramblers' Association.  He was made a Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 1951, and was also a Commander of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic.

European Movement International
The European Movement International is a lobbying association that coordinates the efforts of associations and national councils with the goal of promoting European integration, and disseminating information about it.
Otočec Castle
Otočec Castle (Slovene: Grad Otočec, in older sources Otočič, German: Burg Werth, Burg Wördl) is a castle hotel on a small island in the middle of the Krka River in Otočec, Slovenia. It is the only water castle in Slovenia. The name Otočec means 'small island'. The town of Otočec was renamed in 1952 by the communist government from the religious name Sveti Peter 'Saint Peter' to Otočec, and the castle itself was renamed from its former German name Werth to Otočec.

Novo Mesto
Novo Mesto (pronounced [ˈnɔ̀ːʋɔ ˈmèːstɔ] ⓘ; Slovene: Novo mesto; also known by alternative names) is the seventh-largest city of Slovenia. It is the economic and cultural centre of the traditional region of Lower Carniola (southeastern Slovenia) and the seat of the City Municipality of Novo Mesto. It lies on a bend of the Krka River, close to the border with Croatia.
Ningthi, Ukhrul
Ningthi is a village located west of Kamjong in Kamjong district, Manipur state, India. The village is about 20 kilometers from Kamjong and is partially connected by Ukhrul-Kamjong State highway and inter village road constructed in 2015. Ningthi is flanked by Kamjong in the east, Phungyar in the west, Tusom in the south and Hangkau in the north. Ningthi river is the main tributary of Chindwin river of Myanmar.

Phungyar
Phungyar (Meitei pronunciation: /phūng-yār/) is a small town located south of Kamjong in Kamjong district, Manipur state, India. It is also the name of a sub division of the district. The town is about 50 kilometers from Ukhrul and is partially connected by National Highway 150 that connects Imphal and Kohima via Ukhrul and Jessami. The town is flanked by Khambi in the south, Loushing in the north, in the east Chungka and alang in the west. Locally, the inhabitants speak common tangkhul language and native village dialect which belongs to the Tibeto-Burman language family.
Carlow Junior Hurling Championship
The Carlow Junior Hurling Championship (known for sponsorship reasons as the JJ Kavanagh and Sons Junior Hurling Championship and abbreviated to the Carlow JHC) is an annual hurling competition organised by the Carlow County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association for the third tier hurling teams in the county of Carlow in Ireland.

In its current format, the Carlow Intermediate Championship begins with a group stage. The six participating club teams play each other in a round-robin system. The four top-ranking teams proceed to the knockout phase that culminates with the final match at Netwatch Cullen Park.

Bagenalstown Gaels are the title holders after defeating Ballinkillen by 1-11 to 0-13 in the 2024 final.

Carlow GAA
The Carlow County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) (Irish: Cumann Luthchleas Gael Coiste Ceatharlach) or Carlow GAA is one of the 32 county boards of the GAA in Ireland, and is responsible for Gaelic games in County Carlow and the Carlow county teams.

The Carlow county football team play in the Leinster Senior Football Championship and in Division 3 of the Allianz Football League for 2019. The Carlow county hurling team compete in the Joe McDonagh Cup, the second tier of the Leinster Senior Hurling Championship, and in Division 1B of the National Hurling League in 2019.
Gone Too Far (Dragonette song)
"Gone Too Far" is an electropop/new wave song performed by Canadian band Dragonette. The song was written and produced by Dragonette for their second album Fixin to Thrill (2009). It serves as the album's second single, following the lead single, "Fixin' to Thrill". The song was released digitally in July 2009, and was later sent to radio in August 2009. "Gone Too Far" had its premiere when the band performed live at the Red Studios in New York City in October 2008. A music video for the song was made by friends of the band, and posted on the video hosting website YouTube.

Lyrically, the song is about a girl who starts out trying to seduce a man on a short-term basis, however, he shows a greater interest and she falls in love with him. The girl is trying to get the man into something much more long-term, but also trying to keep from scaring him off at the same time.

Dragonette
Dragonette is the stage name of Canadian singer-songwriter Martina Sorbara. Originally an electronic music band from Toronto, Ontario, formed in 2005, the band consisted of Sorbara with her then husband Dan Kurtz as bassist and producer (also in The New Deal) and drummer Joel Stouffer.

Dragonette released a self-titled EP in 2005 before being signed to Mercury Records and relocating to London, where they recorded and released their debut studio album, Galore, in August 2007 to moderate critical appreciation. A second studio album, Fixin to Thrill, was released in September 2009. The group's third studio album, Bodyparts, was released in September 2012 and their fourth, Royal Blues, followed in November 2016.

They performed as a group until 2016, when both Kurtz and Stouffer left the band, with Sorbara continuing under the Dragonette moniker as a solo act.

Dragonette's fifth album, Twennies (and the first as a solo act) was released in October 2022.
Squib (writing)
A squib is a brief satirical or witty piece of writing or speech, like a lampoon, or a short, sometimes humorous piece in a newspaper or magazine, used as a filler. It can be intended to ignite thinking and discourse by others on topics of theoretical importance, but is often less substantial than this and just humorous (see The Daily Squib).

One of the most famous squibs in English literature is The Candidate by Thomas Gray.

In linguistics, the term "squib" is used for a very short scholarly article; this usage in the field was popularized by John R. “Haj” Ross in the 1960s. A squib may outline anomalous data but not suggest a solution, or develop a minor theoretical argument. A particularly interesting variety of squibs are the so-called snippets, which are "the ideal footnote: a side remark that taken on its own is not worth lengthy development but that needs to be said". The online journal Snippets is dedicated to this type of squib.

The Daily Squib
The Daily Squib is a British satirical online publication created by satire writer Aur Esenbel, that was officially launched on April Fool's Day, 2007. Its coverage extends across world politics, science, technology, business, sports and health.
Wetland (film)
Wetland (Spanish: El lodo; transl. 'The Mud') is a 2021 Spanish thriller film directed by Iñaki Sánchez Arrieta which stars Raúl Arévalo and Paz Vega alongside Joaquín Climent, Roberto Álamo and Susi Sánchez.

Roberto Álamo
Roberto Martínez Felipe (born 1 January 1970), better known as Roberto Álamo, is a Spanish actor who has appeared in more than fifty films since 1996. Álamo won the Goya Award for Best Actor for his performance as Javier Alfaro in May God Save Us (2016).
Siddeswara kshetram
Siddeswara Kshetram, popularly known for  "Siddeswara Swamy Temple", is an ancient Hindu temple of Lord Siddeswara on the hilltop of Siddeswara Gutta in Gurramkonda in India. It is one of the oldest temples in Chittoor District.

The sanctum sanctorum of the temple has Lord Siddeswara along with Parvathi Ammavaru and Nandi The temple is located on a hilltop.

Chittoor district
Chittoor district (pronunciationⓘ) is one of the eight districts in the Rayalaseema region of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It had a population of 18,72,951 at the 2011 census of India. It is a major market centre for mangoes, grains, sugarcane, and peanuts. The district headquarters is at Chittoor City. The major cities/towns in the district are Chittoor, Nagari, Palamaner, and Kuppam.