hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
International Freighting Corporation
International Freighting Corporation of New York City was a US shipping company whose main operations was chartered shipping from United States ports to South America. International Freighting Corporation owned and operated an ocean liner service called American Republics Line, with service from New York to South America. In 1920 Scovil Company took over the International Freighting Corporation. Scovil Company was founded in 1802 in Waterbury, Connecticut, operating a large brass plant. By 1956 Du Pont and General Motors Corporation were the two stock owners of International Freighting Corporation and Du Pont purchased General Motors shares. In 1957 International Charter Services was founded and took over the accounts and contracts of the troubled International Freighting Corporation.

Ships:

Cotati sunk by torpedo on September 30, 1942, off West Africa.

Most ships chartered not owned

SS Cotati
Cotati was a steam cargo ship built in 1918–1919 by Moore Shipbuilding and Drydock Company of Oakland for the United States Shipping Board (USSB) as part of the wartime shipbuilding program of the Emergency Fleet Corporation (EFC) to restore the nation's Merchant Marine. The vessel was briefly used for the first two years of her career to transport frozen meat between North and South America and Europe. The ship was subsequently laid up at the end of 1921 and remained part of the Reserve Fleet through the end of 1940. In January 1941 she was sold together with two other vessels to the New Zealand Shipping Co. and subsequently in 1942 was transferred to the Ministry of War Transport (MoWT) and renamed Empire Avocet. The ship was torpedoed and sunk by German submarine U-125 on 30 September 1942 on one of her regular wartime trips.
Pawnee Warrior
The Pawnee Warrior was an American helicopter that was designed and produced by Pawnee Aviation of Longmont, Colorado. Now out of production, when it was available the aircraft was supplied as a kit for amateur construction.

Longmont, Colorado
Longmont is a home rule city located in Boulder and Weld counties, Colorado, United States. Its population was 98,885 as of the 2020 U.S. census.  Longmont is located northeast of the county seat of Boulder. It is named after Longs Peak, a prominent mountain that is clearly visible from the city (mont means "mountain" in French).
Α-Halo ketone
In organic chemistry, an α-halo ketone is a functional group consisting of a ketone group or more generally a carbonyl group with an α-halogen substituent. α-Halo ketones are alkylating agents.  Prominent α-halo ketones include phenacyl bromide and chloroacetone.

Alkylation
Alkylation is a chemical reaction that entails transfer of an alkyl group. The alkyl group may be transferred as an alkyl carbocation, a free radical, a carbanion, or a carbene (or their equivalents). Alkylating agents are reagents for effecting alkylation.  Alkyl groups can also be removed in a process known as dealkylation.  Alkylating agents are often classified according to their nucleophilic or electrophilic character. In oil refining contexts, alkylation refers to a particular alkylation of isobutane with olefins. For upgrading of petroleum, alkylation produces a premium blending stock for gasoline. In medicine, alkylation of DNA is used in chemotherapy to damage the DNA of cancer cells. Alkylation is accomplished with the class of drugs called alkylating antineoplastic agents.
Köves
Köves is a Hungarian language surname from the Hungarian word for "stony". Notable people with the surname include:

Csaba Köves (1966–2025), Hungarian fencer

Gábor Köves (born 1970), Hungarian tennis player

József Köves (born 1938), Hungarian writer

Nóra Köves (born 1971), Hungarian tennis player

Slomó Köves (born 1979), Hungarian rabbi

Slomó Köves
Slomó Köves (born Máté Köves; 18 May 1979) is a leading Orthodox rabbi and chief rabbi of EMIH (Egységes Magyarországi Izraelita Hitközség) an affiliate of Chabad-Lubavitch in Hungary which is led by rabbi Báruch Oberlander.

Köves also serves as the chief Rabbi of the Hungarian Defense Forces
Narendra M. Thumbhekodige
Narendra M Thumbhekodige (also known as Narendra T M or Narendra Manappa or Naren Manappa) is a software engineer, author, chess player and an actor. He is the co-author of the book The Oracle J2EE Companion published by Tata McGraw-Hill in 2004. He received master's degree in Computer science from Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore in 2000. He worked for Oracle for almost seven years in Database security and currently works for Google on Indic technologies.

He also worked with filmstar Upendra as the Creative Director at UppiAds and is into film making as well. He is a former Karnataka state level chess player and also writes daily spiritual quotes at Kuyyo Kuotes. He is the creator of Kannada Search and Kannada Slate.

McGraw Hill Education
McGraw Hill, Inc. is an American education science company that provides educational content, software, and services for students and educators across various levels—from K-12 to higher education and professional settings. They produce textbooks, digital learning tools, and adaptive technology to enhance learning experiences and outcomes. It is one of the "big three" educational publishers along with Houghton Mifflin Harcourt and Pearson Education. McGraw Hill also publishes reference and trade publications for the medical, business, and engineering professions. Formerly a division of The McGraw Hill Companies (later renamed McGraw Hill Financial, now S&P Global), McGraw Hill Education was divested and acquired by Apollo Global Management in March 2013 for $2.4 billion in cash. McGraw Hill was sold in 2021 to Platinum Equity for $4.5 billion. The company is based in Columbus, Ohio.
Leszek Jachna
Leszek Jachna (born May 9, 1958) is a former Polish ice hockey player. He played for the Poland men's national ice hockey team at the 1980 Winter Olympics in Lake Placid, the 1984 Winter Olympics in Sarajevo, and the 1988 Winter Olympics in Calgary.

Lake Placid, New York
Lake Placid is a village in Essex County, New York, United States, within the Adirondack Mountains. Its population was 2,205 at the 2020 census. Lake Placid became known internationally for hosting the 1932 and the 1980 Winter Olympics. Lake Placid has also hosted the 1972 and 2023 Winter World University Games, as well as the 2000 Goodwill Winter Games. The village is near the center of the town of North Elba, 50 miles (80 km) southwest of Plattsburgh.
Ravinder Bhogal
Ravinder Bhogal is a food writer, restaurateur, British chef, journalist and stylist. She opened her first restaurant, Jikoni, in Marylebone, London in September 2016.

Bhogal's work and food spans flavours and culinary traditions from the Far East, South Asia, the Middle East, East Africa and Great Britain, and she celebrates the idea of immigrant cuisine.

Ravinder has written several cookbooks and writes a regular monthly column for the FT Weekend and Guardian Feast. Bhogal is contributing editor at Harper’s Bazaar and regularly writes for The Observer Magazine, The Guardian and Vogue online.

International Association of Culinary Professionals
The International Association of Culinary Professionals (IACP) is a United States–based not-for-profit professional association whose members work in culinary education, communication, or the preparation of food and beverage. It was started in 1978 with help from American cooking personality Julia Child, and offers an award in her name.
Justus Hiddes Halbertsma
Justus Hiddes Halbertsma (West Frisian: Joast Hiddes Halbertsma [joǝst ˈhɪdəs ˈhɔlbǝtsma]; Dutch: Joost Hiddes Halbertsma [joːst ˈɦɪdəs ˈɦɑlbǝrtsmaː]; 23 October 1789 – 27 February 1869) was a Frisian writer, poet, minister, lexicographer and linguist. Today, he is primarily known for the poetry and short story collection De Lapekoer fan Gabe Skroar, which he wrote with his brother Eeltsje, publishing the first edition in 1822. Afterwards, this work was continually expanded, and also came to include contributions by a third brother, Tsjalling, until all the Halbertsma Brothers' prose and poetry was posthumously collected in 1871 to become the famous work Rimen en Teltsjes. Although the literary value of this collection was later disputed by some critics, it is undeniable that Rimen en Teltsjes played a role of crucial importance in the development of a new literary tradition after Western Frisian had been used almost exclusively as a spoken language for three centuries.

Geschiedenis Magazine
Geschiedenis Magazine is a Dutch popular historical magazine. It was first published as Spiegel Historiael in 1966 and appears under its current name since 2006, as a consequence of a modernization effort.
Nina Engel
Nina Engel (born 25 April 2003) is a German female handball player for HSG Bensheim/Auerbach and the German national team. She is considered one of today's greatest talents in German women's handball.

She made her international debut on the German national team on 24 October 2024. She also represented Germany at the 2024 European Women's Handball Championship in Switzerland/Austria/Hungary.

A year later she represented Germany at the 2025 World Women's Handball Championship. Here Germany reached the final, where they lost to Norway. This was the first time since 1994 that Germany made the final of a major international tournament and the first time they won a medal since 2007.

2024 European Women's Handball Championship
The 2024 European Women's Handball Championship was held in Austria, Hungary and Switzerland from 28 November to 15 December 2024. This was the first tournament to feature 24 teams. Norway were the two time defending champions and defended their title once again with a win over Denmark.
Paolo Antonio Testore
Paolo Antonio Testore (born 1700 - died 1767) was a Milanese luthier. He was born in Milan, the second son of Carlo Giuseppe Testore, also a noted luthier, and worked out of the family's workshop under the "Sign of the Eagle" on Contrada Larga in Milan. He was one of the three finest instrument-makers from the Testore family, but a distinctive characteristic of Paolo Antonio's work is that he often omitted purfling and sometimes used lower quality wood.

Testore's brother Carlo Antonio Testore was also a luthier, and their sons Giovanni, son of Carlo, and Gennaro(?), son of Paolo, continued the family business in Milan during the 1760s.

Purfling
Purfling is a narrow decorative edge inlaid into the top plate and often the back plate of a stringed instrument. It was originally made of laminated strips of wood, and later nacre and other hard inlay materials. Plastic is commonly used in modern mass-produced instruments. Purfling may affect the instrument's acoustics.

Purfling is distinct from binding, which is used primarily to control moisture rather than decoration. Inexpensive instruments may simulate purfling with paint.
2000 Monte Carlo Masters – Singles
Cédric Pioline defeated Dominik Hrbatý in the final, 6–4, 7–6(7–3), 7–6(8–6) to win the singles tennis title at the 2000 Monte Carlo Masters.

Gustavo Kuerten was the defending champion, but lost in the first round to Karol Kučera.

Christian Ruud
Christian Ruud (born 24 August 1972) is a Norwegian former tennis player who turned professional in 1991. He achieved a career-high singles ranking of world No. 39 in October 1995, reaching the fourth round of the 1997 Australian Open and the quarterfinals of the 1997 Monte Carlo Masters. He retired in 2001 after the 2001 French Open. He was the highest-ranked Norwegian male player ever on the ATP Tour until his son Casper Ruud surpassed him in February 2020.

Ruud was born in Oslo and represented Norway at three consecutive Olympic Games, reaching the third round in Atlanta in 1996.

Ruud won twelve titles on the Challenger Series, but reached only one ATP Tour final, losing the 1995 Swedish Open in Båstad to Fernando Meligeni in straight sets.
Gaff Memorial
Gaff Memorial is a public artwork by French artist Jules Déchin, located at Rock Creek Cemetery in Washington, D.C., United States. Gaff Memorial was originally surveyed as part of the Smithsonian's Inventories of American Painting and Sculpture. This memorial serves as the burial site of Thomas Trueman Gaff.

Rock Creek Cemetery
Rock Creek Cemetery is an 86-acre (350,000 m2) cemetery with a natural and rolling landscape located at Rock Creek Church Road, NW, and Webster Street, NW, off Hawaii Avenue, NE, in the Petworth neighborhood of Washington, D.C., across the street from the historic Soldiers' Home and the Soldiers' Home Cemetery. It also is home to the InterFaith Conference of Metropolitan Washington.

On August 12, 1977, Rock Creek Cemetery and the adjacent church grounds were listed on the National Register of Historic Places as Rock Creek Church Yard and Cemetery.
VP6
On2 TrueMotion VP6 is a proprietary lossy video compression format and video codec. It is an incarnation of the TrueMotion video codec, a series of video codecs developed by On2 Technologies. This codec is commonly used by Adobe Flash, Flash Video,  JavaFX media files and EA games for video playback.

VP9
VP9 is an open and royalty-free video coding format developed by Google.

VP9 is the successor to VP8 and competes mainly with MPEG's High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC/H.265).
At first, VP9 was mainly used on Google's video platform YouTube. The emergence of the Alliance for Open Media, and its support for the ongoing development of the successor AV1, of which Google is a part, led to growing interest in the format.

In contrast to HEVC, VP9 support is common among modern web browsers (see HTML video § Browser support). Android has supported VP9 since version 4.4 KitKat, while Safari 14 added support for VP9 in iOS / iPadOS / tvOS 14 and macOS Big Sur.

Parts of the format are covered by patents held by Google. The company grants free usage of its own related patents based on reciprocity, i.e. as long as the user does not engage in patent litigations.
Scottsdale, Tasmania
Scottsdale is the largest town in north-east Tasmania, Australia, serving as the administrative and economic centre of the Dorset Council region. Located on the Tasman Highway, it connects Launceston to the east coast and acts as a key service hub for surrounding agricultural areas. The town has a strong historical association with potato and dairy farming, forestry, and poppy cultivation, industries that continue to support its economy. In recent years, Scottsdale has expanded into tourism, with attractions such as Barnbougle Dunes Golf Links and the Bridestowe Lavender Estate farm drawing visitors. It is also home to the Defence Science and Technology Group's nutrition research facility.

Scottsdale is part of the federal Division of Bass and the state electoral division of the same name. According to the 2021 Australian census, Scottsdale had a population of 2,408 residents.

Bridestowe Lavender Estate
41°08′01″S 147°21′07″E﻿ / ﻿41.1335469°S 147.3518088°E﻿ / -41.1335469; 147.3518088

Bridestowe Lavender Estate is a lavender farm located in Nabowla, Tasmania, Australia. The farm is believed to be the largest commercial plantation of Lavandula angustifolia in the world. Bridestowe was established in 1922 by Charles Denny, and advanced by his son, Tim Denny. It is named in honour of the birthplace of Charles Denny's wife, the English town of Bridestowe.
National Route 7 (Vietnam)
National Route 7 (Vietnamese: quốc lộ 7), formerly called National Route 7A (QL7A) is an east-west national highway in Vietnam which runs entirely in Nghệ An Province, North Central Vietnam. The 225 kilometer-long route runs from Diễn Châu (Diễn Châu District) northwestward across Yên Thành, Đô Lương, Anh Sơn, Con Cuông, Tương Dương, and Kỳ Sơn districts and reach the Laos-Vietnam border at Nậm Cắn. In Nậm Cắn, National Route 7 connects with National Route 7 of Laos.

The last segment from Đô Lương to Nậm Cắn runs through Western Nghe An biosphere reserve including a part of Annamite Range.

Western Nghệ An
Western Nghe An is a UNESCO biosphere reserve. It is located in Nghệ An Province in the tropical and temperate zone of Vietnam, and on the border with Laos. It was designated as a biosphere reserve in 2007, and recognised by UNESCO in 2011. It is one of eight recognised biospheres in Vietnam.
2024 World Athletics Cross Country Championships – Senior men's race
The Senior men's race at the 2024 World Athletics Cross Country Championships was held at Belgrade, Serbia, on March 30, 2024. Jacob Kiplimo from Uganda won the gold medal by 3 seconds over Ethiopia's Berihu Aregawi and Kenya's Benson Kiplangat, who finished third.

Berihu Aregawi
Berihu Aregawi Teklehaimanot (Tigrinya: በሪሁ ኣረጋዊ; born 28 February 2001) is an Ethiopian long-distance runner and the current world record holder in the 5000 m road race and the 10,000 m road race. At the Paris 2024 Olympics, Berihu won a silver medal in the 10,000 m, and he placed fourth in the 10,000 m at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics. Berihu won a silver medal at the 2023 World Athletics Cross Country Championships. He also won a silver medal in the 3,000 m at the 2025 World Athletics Indoor Championships.

At age 17, Berihu won a bronze medal in the 10,000 m at the 2018 World Under-20 Championships.
Philip T. Hartung
Philip T. Hartung (1903 – July 24, 1973) was an American writer.

He was the film critic for Commonweal from 1938 until his death in 1973 at the age of 70. He served as a consultant for the Office of Film and Broadcasting at the United States Catholic Conference. From 1942 to 1945, he also worked for the Museum of Modern Art. His work appeared in Esquire, Scholastic, Time, and Woman's Home Companion.

On July 24, 1973, Hartung died at St. Vincent's Hospital, in Manhattan, New York City, aged 70.

United States Conference of Catholic Bishops
The United States Conference of Catholic Bishops (USCCB) is the episcopal conference of the Catholic Church in the United States. Founded in 2001 after the merger of the National Conference of Catholic Bishops (NCCB) and United States Catholic Conference (USCC), the USCCB is a registered corporation based in Washington, D.C.

As with all bishops' conferences, certain decisions and acts of the USCCB must receive the recognitio, or approval, of the Roman dicasteries, which are subject to the immediate and absolute authority of the Pope.

As of November 2025, the USCCB president is Archbishop Paul S. Coakley of the Archdiocese of Oklahoma City. The vice president is Bishop Daniel E. Flores of the Diocese of Brownsville.
James Holder
James Holder (born 5 May 1986 in Sydney, New South Wales) is a former motorcycle speedway rider from Australia. He is the older brother of Chris Holder, the 2012 World Champion and Jack Holder, a world team champion.

2012 Speedway Grand Prix
The 2012 Speedway Grand Prix season was the 67th edition of the official World Championship and the 18th season of the Speedway Grand Prix era, deciding the FIM Speedway World Championship. It was the twelfth series under the promotion of Benfield Sports International, an IMG company. The series began on 31 March in Auckland and finish on 6 October in Toruń.

The Australian rider Chris Holder became World Champion, making him the youngest gold medalist since the start of the Speedway Grand Prix series in 1995. Nicki Pedersen returned to the World Championship podium finishing second, while the American veteran Greg Hancock won the bronze medal.
2004 American Le Mans Series
The 2004 American Le Mans Series season was the 34th season for the IMSA GT Championship, and the sixth under the American Le Mans Series banner.  It was a series for Le Mans Prototypes (LMP) and Grand Touring (GT) race cars divided into 4 classes: LMP1, LMP2, GTS, and GT.  It began March 20, 2004 and ended October 16, 2004 after 9 races.

IMSA
The International Motor Sports Association (IMSA) is a North American sports car racing sanctioning body based in Daytona Beach, Florida, under the jurisdiction of the ACCUS arm of the FIA. It was started by John Bishop, a former executive director of SCCA (Sports Car Club of America), and his wife Peggy in 1969 with help from Bill France Sr. of NASCAR. Beginning in 2014, IMSA is the sanctioning body of the WeatherTech SportsCar Championship, the premier series resulting from the merger of Grand-Am Road Racing and the American Le Mans Series.  IMSA is owned by NASCAR Holdings, as a subsidiary company with a designated board of directors.
Donodontidae
Donodontidae is an extinct family of cladotherian mammals known from the Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous of North Africa. When originally named in 1991, Donodontidae was a monotypic family containing a single species: Donodon perscriptoris. In 2022, four more species were designated and placed within the family: Donodon minor, Stylodens amerrukensis, Anoualestes incidens, and Amazighodon orbis. All five species are endemic to the Ksar Metlili Formation of Morocco, which is dated to the Tithonian (last stage of the Jurassic) and Berriasian (first stage of the Cretaceous). Donodontid fossils are restricted to postcanine teeth and associated jaw fragments.

Ksar Metlili Formation
The Ksar Metlili Formation is a geological formation in eastern High Atlas of Morocco. It is late Tithonian to Berriasian in age. It is approximately 80 metres (260 ft) thick and primarily consists of mudstone and sandstone, with thin calcareous beds. One of these calcareous beds near the middle of the sequence is an important microvertebrate locality. Subsequent to the original site, several other localities have been sampled. The depositional environment is thought to be near shore deltaic.
Without Witness (play)
Without Witness is a mystery thriller play by the British authors Anthony Armstrong and Harold Simpson. It premiered at the Embassy Theatre in Swiss Cottage on 27 December 1933 before transferring to the Duke of York's Theatre in London's West End where it ran for 75 performances between 12 March and 12 June 1934, having been revised slightly from its Embassy premiere. The West End cast included Nicholas Hannen, Arthur Wontner, Bernard Lee, Frederick Piper, Hugh E. Wright, Joan Marion and Marion Fawcett.

Frederick Piper
Frederick Piper (23 September 1902 – 22 September 1979) was an English actor of stage and screen who appeared in over 80 films and many television productions in a career spanning over 40 years. Piper studied drama under Elsie Fogerty at the Central School of Speech and Drama, then based at the Royal Albert Hall, London.

Never a leading player, Piper was usually cast in minor, sometimes uncredited, parts although he also appeared in some more substantial supporting roles. Piper never aspired to star-status, but became a recognisable face on the British screen through the sheer volume of films in which he appeared. His credits include a number of films which are considered classics of British cinema, among them five 1930s Alfred Hitchcock films; he also appeared in many Ealing Studios productions, including some of the celebrated Ealing comedies.
Sonahar Mollikadaha Union
Sonahar Mollikadaha Union (Bengali: সোনাহার মল্লিকাদহ ইউনিয়ন) is a union parishad situated at Debiganj Upazila,  in Panchagarh District, Rangpur Division of Bangladesh. The union has an area of 21 square kilometres (8.1 sq mi) and as of 2001 had a population of 23,602. There are 10 villages and 7 mouzas in the union.

Panchagarh District
Panchagarh District (Bengali: পঞ্চগড় জেলা) is a district of the Rangpur Division in Northern Bangladesh. Panchagarh is the northernmost district of Bangladesh. It lies between 26º00' and 26º38' north latitudes and between 88º19' and 88º49' east longitudes. It was established as a district on 1 February 1984.