hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Comparison of communication satellite operators
The following is a list of the world's largest fixed service satellite operators in the world.  Comparison data is from different time periods and sources and may not be directly comparable.

Note: Revenue in U.S. Dollars

Fixed-satellite service
Fixed-satellite service (FSS, or fixed-satellite radiocommunication service) is – according to article 1.21 of the International Telecommunication Union's (ITU) Radio Regulations (RR) – defined as A radiocommunication service between earth stations at given positions, when one or more satellites are used; the given position may be a specified fixed point or any fixed point within specified areas; in some cases this service includes satellite-to-satellite links, which may also be operated in the inter-satellite service; the fixed-satellite service may also include feeder links for other space radiocommunication services.
Norfolk and Petersburg Railroad
The Norfolk and Petersburg Railroad was built between Norfolk and Petersburg, Virginia and was completed by 1858. The line was 85 miles (137 km) of 5 ft (1,524 mm) track gauge.

It played a role on the American Civil War (1861–1865), and became part of the Atlantic, Mississippi and Ohio Railroad (AM&O) in 1870. The AM&O  became the Norfolk and Western (N&W) in 1881. About 100 years later, the Norfolk and Western was combined with the Southern Railway, another profitable carrier, to form the Norfolk Southern Railway in 1982.

In the 21st century, almost all of the original well-engineered N&P, including the corduroy roadbed through the Great Dismal Swamp and 52-mile tangent alignment is still in service. It forms part of a major coal export route terminating at Lambert's Point near Hampton Roads. In addition to coal, most of the route is in active use in the 20th century for intermodal container and automobile parts and completed vehicle shipments.

Intermodal freight transport
Intermodal freight transport involves the transportation of freight in an intermodal container or vehicle, using multiple modes of transportation (e.g., rail, ship, aircraft, and truck), without any handling of the freight itself when changing modes. The method reduces cargo handling, and so improves security, reduces damage and loss, and allows freight to be transported faster. Reduced costs over road trucking is the key benefit for inter-continental use. This may be offset by reduced timings for road transport over shorter distances.
2017 Nadeshiko League Cup final
2017 Nadeshiko League Cup final was the 10th final of the Nadeshiko League Cup competition. The final was played at Nishigaoka Soccer Stadium in Tokyo on August 12, 2017. JEF United Chiba Ladies won the championship.

Ajinomoto Field Nishigaoka
Ajinomoto Field Nishigaoka (味の素フィールド西が丘), originally called Nishigaoka Soccer Stadium (国立西が丘サッカー場, Nishigaoka National Soccer Stadium), is a football stadium in Kita, Tokyo. It was renamed on 1 May 2012 after the naming rights by Ajinomoto expired after five years.

The stadium is named for Japan Institute of Sports Sciences, which administers it and is not actually the national stadium; that role is taken by the Tokyo National Stadium in Shinjuku.

The Ajinomoto Field Nishigaoka currently has a capacity of 7,137  and was the home stadium of former J3 League club FC Tokyo U-23, until its dissolution.

Also, some matches hosted at the stadium involve Japanese youth national teams and Tokyo Verdy's matches.
Waverley Steps (film)
Waverley Steps is a 1948 dramatised documentary film depicting a period of 30 hours in the life of people in Edinburgh, Scotland. It was directed by John Eldridge, produced by Paul Fletcher for Greenpark Productions and sponsored by  the Scottish Home Office for the Central Office of Information. It had its premier at the second Edinburgh Film Festival in 1948. Unusually for a government-sponsored film, it also received a cinema release.

The film's title is a reference to a flight of steps at Edinburgh's Waverley Station. However, the steps themselves do not feature in the film.

Central Office of Information
The Central Office of Information (COI) was the UK government's marketing and communications agency. Its chief executive reported to the Minister for the Cabinet Office. It was a non-ministerial department, and became an executive agency and a trading fund subject to the Government Trading Funds Act 1973, recovering its costs from the other departments, executive agencies and publicly funded bodies which used its services.

Established in 1946 as the successor to the wartime Ministry of Information, the COI was designed not only to handle peacetime public information campaigns but also to continue the Ministry's legacy of coordinated government propaganda. The COI was, in part, an effort to shape cultural attitudes and public perceptions, both domestically and overseas.
T. R. Pappa
Thiruthuraipoondi Radhakrishnan Sivasankaran (T. R. Pappa) (3 July 1922 – 15 October 2004) was an Indian music director of Tamil, Telugu and Sinhalese films. He was born in 1923 at Thiruthuraipoondi, Madras Presidency, British India.

Soolamangalam Sisters
Soolamangalam Jayalakshmi and Soolamangalam Rajalakshmi, popularly known as Soolamangalam Sisters were Carnatic music sister-pair vocalists and musicians known for their devotional songs in Tamil. They were early singers in the trend of duo singing in Carnatic music, which started in the 1950s, with performers like Radha Jayalakshmi, and later continued by Bombay Sisters, Ranjani-Gayatri, Mambalam Sisters, Bangalore Sisters, Bellur sisters and Priya Sisters. The Soolamangalam Sisters are best known for singing the Kanda Shasti Kavasam, a hymn on the Hindu god Muruga.
1974 Texas Longhorns baseball team
The 1974 Texas Longhorns baseball team represented the University of Texas at Austin in the 1974 NCAA Division I baseball season. The Longhorns played their home games at Clark Field. The team was coached by Cliff Gustafson in his 7th season at Texas.

The Longhorns reached the College World Series, finishing fourth with wins over Seton Hall and Oklahoma and a pair of losses to eventual champion Southern California, first in the opening round and later in the semifinals.

1974 Seton Hall Pirates baseball team
The 1974 Seton Hall Pirates baseball team represented Seton Hall University in the 1974 NCAA Division I baseball season. The Pirates played their home games at Owen T. Carroll Field. The team was coached by Mike Sheppard in his 2nd year as head coach at Seton Hall.

The Pirates won the District II Playoff to advance to the College World Series, where they were defeated by the Texas Longhorns.
Norwalk Seminary
Norwalk Seminary was a private, Methodist school in Norwalk, Ohio.  Opening in 1838 with Edward Thomson as principal, by 1842 it had an attendance of nearly four hundred.  Nonetheless, the school was unsuccessful financially, and it was forced to close in 1844.  In 1846, a Baptist church purchased the building and re-opened it under the name Norwalk Institute.  There were about three hundred students when, in 1855, the school was transferred to the Ohio public school system.  Renamed again as Central High School, the building continued to be used as a public school until 1868, when a new structure replaced it.

Norwalk, Ohio
Norwalk is a city in Huron County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. The population was 17,068 at the 2020 census. The city is the center of the Norwalk micropolitan area and part of the Cleveland–Akron–Canton combined statistical area. Norwalk is located approximately 10 miles (16 km) south of Lake Erie, 51 miles (82 km) west/southwest of Cleveland, 59 miles (95 km) southeast of Toledo, and 58 miles (93 km) west/northwest of Akron.
Via Caecilia
Via Caecilia, an ancient highroad of Italy, which diverged from the Via Salaria at the 35th mile (56 km) from Rome, and ran by Amiternum to the Adriatic coast, passing probably by Hadria (Atri). A branch ran to Interamna Praetuttiorum (Teramo) and thence probably to the sea at Castrum Novum (Giulianova), a distance of about 151 miles (243 km) from Rome.
It was probably constructed by Lucius Caecilius Metellus Diadematus (consul in 117 BC, censor 115).

Teramo
Teramo (Italian pronunciation: [ˈtɛːramo] ⓘ; Abruzzese: Tèreme [ˈtɛːrəmə]) is a city and comune in the Italian region of Abruzzo, the capital of the province of Teramo.

The city, 150 kilometres (93 miles) from Rome, is situated between the highest mountains of  the Apennines (Gran Sasso d'Italia) and the Adriatic coast. The town is located by the confluence of the Vezzola and Tordino rivers,  on a hillside area where the terrain features along with the Mediterranean climate make the territory rich in vineyards and olive groves.

The economy of the town is mostly based on activities connected with agriculture and commerce, as well as a sound industrial sector: textiles, foods, engineering, building materials and ceramics.  Teramo can be reached from the A14 and the A24 motorways.
Tokositna Glacier
Tokositna Glacier is a glacier in the Alaska Range of Denali National Park and Preserve in the U.S. state of Alaska. The glacier originates in two major arms on the east side of Mount Hunter, moving east until the main arms join, then turning south. Tokositna Glacier is the source of the Tokositna River. Spelling variants and alternate names include Tokasitna Glacier, Tokichitna Glacier and Tuqashitnu Li'a.

Its thickness has been monitored by the National Park Service, which found consistent thinning since the 1990s.

Mount Hunter (Alaska)
Mount Hunter or Begguya is a mountain in Denali National Park in Alaska. It is approximately eight miles (13 km) south of Denali, the highest peak in North America. "Begguya" means child (of Denali) in the Dena'ina language. Mount Hunter is the third-highest major peak in the Alaska Range.

Mount Hunter has a complex structure: it is topped by a large, low-angled glacier plateau, connecting the North (Main) Summit and the South Summit (13,965 feet or 4,257 m). Long, corniced ridges extend in various directions; between them are exceptionally steep faces.
Baseball at the 2014 Central American and Caribbean Games
The baseball competition at the 2014 Central American and Caribbean Games was held at the Estadio Universitario Beto Ávila in Veracruz, Mexico from 15 to 21 November 2014. This tournament was a qualifier for the baseball tournament at the 2015 Pan-American Games in Toronto, Canada. The top four teams each earned a berth in that tournament.

Estadio Universitario Beto Ávila
Estadio Universitario Beto Ávila is a stadium in Veracruz, Mexico.  It is primarily used for baseball and is home to El Águila de Veracruz of the Mexican League. It previously served as the home stadium for the Rojos del Águila de Veracruz from 1992 to 2017.  The stadium has a capacity of 7,319 people.  Prior to this stadium they played at the Parque Deportivo Veracruzano.

The stadium is named to honor Veracruz native Beto Ávila who played for the Cleveland Indians and a few other Major League Baseball teams before returning to play his last year (1960) as a player for the Tigres del México. After retiring from active play Beto Ávila worked to further organize and advance the sport of baseball in Mexico.

The ballpark hosted the 2007 and 2024 editions of the Mexican League All-Star Game.
Pheniprazine
Pheniprazine, formerly sold under the brand names Catron and Cavodil, is an irreversible and non-selective monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) of the hydrazine group that was used as an antidepressant to treat depression in the 1960s. It was also used in the treatment of angina pectoris and schizophrenia. Pheniprazine has been largely discontinued due to toxicity concerns such as jaundice, amblyopia, and optic neuritis.

Toxicity
Toxicity is the degree to which a chemical substance or a particular mixture of substances can damage an organism. Toxicity can refer to the effect on a whole organism, such as an animal, bacterium, or plant, as well as the effect on a substructure of the organism, such as a cell (cytotoxicity) or an organ such as the liver (hepatotoxicity). Sometimes the word is more or less synonymous with poisoning in everyday usage.

A central concept of toxicology is that the effects of a toxicant are dose-dependent; even water can lead to water intoxication when taken in too high a dose, whereas for even a very toxic substance such as snake venom there is a dose below which there is no detectable toxic effect. Toxicity is species-specific, making cross-species analysis problematic. Newer paradigms and metrics are evolving to bypass animal testing, while maintaining the concept of toxicity endpoints.
The Golden Game
The Golden Game is the name of an event held in Toronto, Ontario, Canada on February 28, 2010 in order to "Cheer for Charity" and witness the championship Gold Medal men's Olympic hockey game.  The media exposure of The Golden Game reached 11 million Canadians.  Team Canada won the gold medal against Team USA in an over-time victory that finished with a story-book ending, with the winning goal by Sidney Crosby.  Furthermore, commentators have noted that there was perfect symmetry between the 2002 winter games and 2010 winter games (in all four cases, the Canadian Women's and Canadian Men's hockey teams beat their American counterparts for a gold medal).

Hockey Canada
Hockey Canada (which merged with the Canadian Amateur Hockey Association in 1994) is the national governing body of ice hockey and ice sledge hockey in Canada. It is a member of the International Ice Hockey Federation and controls the majority of organized ice hockey in Canada. There are some notable exceptions, such as the Canadian Hockey League, U Sports (formerly known as Canadian Interuniversity Sport), and Canada's professional hockey clubs; the former two are partnered with Hockey Canada but are not member organizations. Hockey Canada is based in Calgary, with a secondary office in Ottawa and regional centres in Toronto, Winnipeg and Montreal.
Parallels Desktop for Mac
Parallels Desktop for Mac is a hypervisor providing hardware virtualization for Mac computers. It is developed by Parallels, a subsidiary of Corel.

Parallels was initially developed for Macintosh systems with Intel processors, with version 16.5 introducing support for Macs with Apple silicon.

Microsoft officially endorses the use of Parallels Desktop for running Windows 11 on Apple silicon Macs.

Hardware virtualization
Hardware virtualization is the virtualization of computers as complete hardware platforms, certain logical abstractions of their componentry, or only the functionality required to run various operating systems. Virtualization emulates the hardware environment of its host architecture, allowing multiple OSes to run unmodified and in isolation. At its origins, the software that controlled virtualization was called a "control program", but the terms "hypervisor" or "virtual machine monitor" became preferred over time.
Martín Karpan
Carlos Martín Karpan (born June 3, 1974 in Villa del Parque, Buenos Aires, Argentina) is an Argentine-Colombian actor, notable for playing a villain in the telenovela El Cuerpo del Deseo and Te Voy a Enseñar a Querer.

Villa del Parque
Villa del Parque is a barrio (neighbourhood) or district within the city of Buenos Aires, Argentina. Its name translates as Village of the Park and was derived from its earliest beginnings, when several haciendas were all that existed, alongside a growing agricultural park in this section of Buenos Aires Province. Nowadays Villa del Parque is a middle class suburban neighbourhood, though with a central area in Cuenca street with many shops.
Johnny Sandlin
John Everett Sandlin Jr. (April 16, 1945 – September 19, 2017) was an American recording engineer and record producer. He is best known for producing albums by bands such as the Allman Brothers Band, Widespread Panic, Wet Willie, and Col. Bruce Hampton and the Aquarium Rescue Unit.

Col. Bruce Hampton and the Aquarium Rescue Unit
Col. Bruce Hampton and the Aquarium Rescue Unit was a jam band founded by Col. Bruce Hampton. The band gained popularity in the Atlanta club scene in the early 1990s and went on to tour with the first H.O.R.D.E. Tour. During their formative years, the band was composed of Bruce Hampton, Oteil Burbridge, Jimmy Herring, Jeff Sipe, Matt Mundy, and Count M'Butu. Jeff Mosier and Charlie Williams were members of the band during the early years, but left to pursue other endeavors. Although the band was never commercially successful, their combination of bluegrass, rock, Latin, blues, jazz, funk, and impeccable chops became a template for future bands.
Omer Vrioni
Vizier Omer Pasha Vrioni (Albanian: Omer Vrioni, [ˈomeɾ vɾiˈoni]) was an Ottoman Albanian military commander and ruler, and a prominent figure in the Greek War of Independence. He succeeded Ali as Pasha of Yanina.

Pashalik of Berat
The Pashalik of Berat was a pashalik within the Ottoman Empire. Created in modern-day central Albania by Ahmet Kurt Pasha in 1774, it was dissolved after Ahmet's ally, Ibrahim Pasha of Berat, was defeated by Ali Pasha in 1809. Thus, the pashalik of Berat was absorbed into the Pashalik of Janina, another province within the Ottoman Empire. This pashalik was one of the three pashaliks created by Albanians in the period of the Albanian Pashaliks.
Experimental language
An experimental language is a constructed language designed for linguistics research, often on the relationship between language and thought.

One particular assumption having received much attention in fiction is popularly known as the Sapir–Whorf hypothesis.  The claim is that the structure of a language somehow affects the way its speakers perceive their world, either strongly, in which case "language determines thought" (linguistic determinism), or weakly, in which case "language influences thought" (linguistic relativity). (For a list of languages that are merely mentioned, see the relevant section in List of constructed languages.)

The extreme case of the strong version of the hypothesis would be the idea that words have a power inherent to themselves such that their use determines not just our thoughts, but even that which our thoughts are about, i.e. reality itself.

The Dispossessed
The Dispossessed (subtitled An Ambiguous Utopia) is a 1974 anarchist utopian science fiction novel by American writer Ursula K. Le Guin, one of her seven Hainish Cycle novels. It is one of a small number of books to win all three awards—Hugo, Locus, and Nebula—for best science fiction or fantasy novel. It achieved a degree of literary recognition unusual for science fiction because of its exploration of themes such as anarchism and revolutionary societies, capitalism, utopia, individualism, and collectivism.

The novel features the development of the mathematical theory underlying a fictional ansible, a device capable of faster-than-light communication, which can send messages without delay, even between star systems. This device plays a critical role in the Hainish Cycle. The invention of the ansible places the novel first in the internal chronology of the Hainish Cycle, although it was the fifth to be published.
Commercial Rowing Club Dublin
Commercial Rowing Club is a sports club located in Dublin, affiliated with Rowing Ireland. Commercial Rowing Club facilitates competitive rowing for Juniors (under 18 years of age)and Adults (including Novices, Intermediates, Seniors and Veterans). The Club is open to male and female athletes. The club colours are Myrtle Green, White & Azure Blue.

The Commercial Rowing Club Boathouse is located at Islandbridge, where the calm protected waters of the upper Liffey enable rowing year-round. Commercial also has access to the shared boathouse on Blessington Lake in Wicklow.

Rowing Ireland
Rowing Ireland, formerly the Irish Amateur Rowing Union, is the governing body of rowing for Ireland. It is a cross-border organisation administering the sport in both the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland.

Rowing Ireland is a member of the Olympic Council of Ireland and the Fédération Internationale des Sociétés d’Aviron (FISA).
PS Castalia
Castalia[Note A] was a 1,533 GRT twin-hulled paddle steamer that was built in 1874 by the Thames Ironworks and Shipbuilding Company, Leamouth, London for the English Channel Steamship Company. She was acquired by the London, Chatham and Dover Railway (LCDR) in 1878 but had already been laid up by then and was not operated by the LCDR. In 1883, she was sold to the Metropolitan Asylums Board and converted to a hospital ship. She served until 1904 and was scrapped in 1905.

Dartford
Dartford is the principal town in the Borough of Dartford, Kent, England. It is located 18 mi (29 km) south-east of Central London and
is situated adjacent to the London Borough of Bexley to its west. To its north, across the Thames Estuary, is Thurrock in Essex, which can be reached via the Dartford Crossing. To its east lies the Borough of Gravesham and to the south the district of Sevenoaks. It had a population of 51,240.

The town centre lies in a valley through which the River Darent flows and where the old road from London to Dover crossed: hence the name, which derives from Darent + ford. Dartford became a market town in medieval times and, although today it is principally a commuter town for Greater London, it has a long history of religious, industrial and cultural importance. It is an important rail hub; the main through-road now by-passes the town itself.
Protocol stack
The protocol stack or network stack is an implementation of a computer networking protocol suite or protocol family.  Some of these terms are used interchangeably, but strictly speaking, the suite is the definition of the communication protocols, and the stack is the software implementation of them.

Individual protocols within a suite are often designed with a single purpose in mind. This modularization simplifies design and evaluation. Because each protocol module usually communicates with two others, they are commonly imagined as layers in a stack of protocols. The lowest protocol always deals with low-level interaction with the communications hardware. Each higher layer adds additional capabilities. User applications usually deal only with the topmost layers.

Implementation
Implementation is the realization of an application, execution of a plan, idea, model, design, specification, standard, algorithm, policy, or the administration or management of a process or objective.
Dad (Louie)
"Dad" is the eighth episode of the third season of the American comedy-drama television series Louie. It is the 34th overall episode of the series and was written and directed by Louis C.K., who also serves as the lead actor. It was released on FX on August 16, 2012.

The series follows Louie, a fictionalized version of C.K., a comedian and newly divorced father raising his two daughters in New York City. In the episode, Louie is visited by his uncle, who convinces him in reconnecting with his estranged father.

According to Nielsen Media Research, the episode was seen by an estimated 0.84 million household viewers and gained a 0.4 ratings share among adults aged 18–49. The episode received critical acclaim, with critics praising the humor, themes and performances, although some felt that the vignettes didn't fit together.

Louie season 3
The third season of the American television comedy series Louie premiered on June 28, 2012 and concluded on September 27, 2012. It consisted of thirteen episodes, each running approximately 23 minutes in length. FX broadcast the third season on Thursdays at 10:30 pm in the United States. The season was produced by 3 Arts Entertainment and the executive producers were Louis C.K., Dave Becky and M. Blair Breard.

Louie was created, written and directed by Louis C.K., who stars as a fictionalized version of himself, a comedian and newly divorced father raising his two daughters in New York City. The show has a loose format atypical for television comedy series, consisting of largely unconnected storylines and segments (described as "extended vignettes") that revolve around Louie's life, punctuated by live stand-up performances.

The season received critical acclaim.