hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ongole cattle
The Ongole cattle also known as Ongole Gitta are an indigenous cattle breed that originates from Prakasam District in the state of Andhra Pradesh in India. The breed derives its name from the place the breed originates from, Ongole. The Ongole breed of cattle, Bos indicus, is in great demand as it is said to possess resistance to both foot and mouth disease and mad cow disease. This demand has cemented its status as one of the world's most expensive cattle breed, with elite breeding bulls commanding extraordinarily high prices at auctions. These cattle are commonly used in bull fights in Mexico and some parts of East Africa due to their strength and aggressiveness. They also participate in traditional bull fights in Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu. Cattle breeders use the fighting ability of the bulls to choose the right stock for breeding in terms of purity and strength. The mascot of the 2002 National Games of India was Veera, an Ongole Bull.

Prakasam district
Prakasam district named in honour of Tanguturi Prakasam is in the coastal Andhra region of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It was reorganised on 4 April 2022 and 31 December 2025. The headquarters of the district is Ongole.  It is bounded by Bapatla, Palnadu, Markapuram, Sri Potti Sriramulu Nellore districts and Bay of Bengal.
James S. Fishkin
James S. Fishkin (born 1948) is an American political scientist and communications scholar. He holds the Janet M. Peck Chair in International Communication in the Department of Communication at Stanford University, where he serves as a professor of communication and, by courtesy, political science. He also acts as the director of Stanford’s Deliberative Democracy Lab. Fishkin is widely cited for his work on deliberative democracy, with his proposition of Deliberative Polling in 1988 being particularly influential. Together with Robert Luskin, Fishkin's work has led to over 100 deliberative polls in 28 countries.

Robert Luskin
Robert D. Luskin (born January 21, 1950) is an attorney and partner in the Washington office of the international law firm of Paul Hastings, LLP specializing in White-collar crime and federal and state government investigations.
Lahawarthakari
Lahawarthakari  is a village development committee in Parsa District in the Narayani Zone of southern Nepal. At the time of the 2011 Nepal census it had a population of 4,038 people living in 523 individual households. There were 2,129 males and 1,909 females at the time of census.

2011 Nepal census
Nepal conducted a widespread national census in 2011 by the Nepal Central Bureau of Statistics. Working in cooperation with the 58 municipalities and the 3,915 Village Development Committees at a district level, they recorded data from all the municipalities and villages of each district. The data included statistics on population size, households, sex and age distribution, place of birth, residence characteristics, literacy, marital status, religion, language spoken, caste/ethnic group, economically active population, education, number of children, employment status, and occupation.
Poona Piagapo
Poona Piagapo, officially the Municipality of Poona Piagapo (Maranao: Inged a Poona Piagapo; Cebuano: Lungsod sa Poona Piagapo; Tagalog: Bayan ng Poona Piagapo), is a municipality in the province of Lanao del Norte, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 29,183 people.

Maranao language
Maranao (Filipino: Wikang Mëranaw; Jawi: باسا أ مراناو), sometimes spelled as Maranaw, Meranaw, or Mëranaw, is an Austronesian language spoken by the Maranao people in the provinces of Lanao del Sur and Lanao del Norte and their respective cities of Marawi and Iligan located in the Philippines, as well found also in Sabah, Malaysia. It is spoken among the Moros within the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao.

It is closer to Iranun than to Maguindanao within the Danao subgroup.
Tweeddalea
Tweeddalea is a genus of flowering plants in the arum family, Araceae. It includes 14 species endemic to Borneo.

The genus was described by Sin Yeng Wong and Peter Charles Boyce in 2024, and includes species formerly placed in Schismatoglottis.

Araceae
The Araceae are a family of monocotyledonous flowering plants in which flowers are borne on a type of inflorescence called a spadix. The spadix is usually accompanied by, and sometimes partially enclosed in, a spathe (or leaf-like bract). Also known as the arum family, members are often colloquially known as aroids. This family of 114 genera and about 3,750 known species is most diverse in the New World tropics, although also distributed in the Old World tropics and northern temperate regions.
Merrylands High School
Merrylands High School is a coeducational, comprehensive high school in Merrylands, a suburb in Western Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

The school has an enrolment of 800 students; 62% of students come from language backgrounds other than English and over 50 cultures are represented at the school. The school's current principal is Amika Prasad. The school was established in 1959.

Merrylands
Merrylands is a suburb in Western Sydney, Australia. Merrylands is located 25 kilometres (16 mi) west of the Sydney central business district and is in the local government area of the Cumberland City Council.
Center for Great Apes
The Center for Great Apes is an animal sanctuary for great apes located east of Wauchula, Florida.  Founded as a nonprofit organization in 1993, the sanctuary has about 70 orangutans and chimpanzees who were formerly used in entertainment, scientific research, or the exotic pet trade. The sanctuary sits on 100 acres of land in rural Florida, southwest of Orlando.

The sanctuary is a founding member of North American Primate Sanctuary Alliance (NAPSA) and is accredited by the Global Federation of Animal Sanctuaries. As such, it is not open to the general public as an attraction or zoo.

The backstory of six of the chimpanzees at the Center for Great Apes was featured in the TV documentary series Chimp Crazy. As a result of a People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals lawsuit, they were removed from a facility in Missouri and sent to the sanctuary in 2021.

The Center for Great Apes is the only accredited orangutan sanctuary in the United States.

Glynn Washington
Glynn Washington (born 1970) is a media personality and producer. He is the host, creator and executive producer of Snap Judgment, a radio / podcast/ stage / television show distributed by PRX.

Snap Judgment was recently recognized by Time Magazine as one of the Best 100 Podcasts Of All Time.
D. G. M. Wood-Gush
Professor David Grainger Marcus Wood-Gush FRSE (20 November 1922 – 1 December 1992) was a South African-born animal geneticist and ethologist based for most of his professional life in Edinburgh. He was an expert on animal behaviour and academic author in this field. He was one of the first to study the impacts of factory farming. He advocated the study of animal behaviour to gauge what implied "humane treatment" for different species, and tried to balance these factors against economic viability for the farmer. He looked at the impact of stress upon animals and held that animals should be treated as individuals not as a "commodity". In these studies he concluded that food supply was the essential factor in controlling animal behaviour.

He was one of the first to both see the benefits of and physically introduce the concept of free range farming.

Ethology
Ethology is a branch of zoology that studies the behaviour of non-human animals. It has its scientific roots in the work of Charles Darwin and of American and German ornithologists of the late 19th and early 20th century, including Charles O. Whitman, Oskar Heinroth, and Wallace Craig. The modern discipline of ethology is generally considered to have begun during the 1930s with the work of the Dutch biologist Nikolaas Tinbergen and the Austrian biologists Konrad Lorenz and Karl von Frisch, the three winners of the 1973 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Ethology combines laboratory and field science, with a strong relation to neuroanatomy, ecology, and evolutionary biology.
Mad Caddies
The Mad Caddies (or the Caddies) is an American ska punk band from Solvang, California. The band formed in 1995 and has released seven full-length albums, one live album, and two EPs.

The Mad Caddies sound has influences from broad ranging genres including ska (especially ska 3rd wave), punk rock, hardcore punk, reggae, dixieland jazz, Latin music, polka, cowpunk ("Crew Cut Chuck"), and sea shanties ("Weird Beard").

Dixieland jazz
Dixieland jazz, also referred to as traditional jazz, hot jazz, or simply Dixieland, is a style of jazz based on the music that developed in New Orleans at the start of the 20th century. The 1917 recordings by the Original Dixieland Jass Band fostered awareness of this new style of music.
Điện Biên district
Điện Biên (listenⓘ) is a district of Vietnam's Điện Biên province. As of 2019, it had a population of 93,850 people, covering an area of 1395.99 km2, making it the most populous district in the province. The district capital lies at Thanh Xương.  It is bordered by Sơn La province, Mường Chà district, Điện Biên Đông district, Điện Biên Phủ, and Phongsaly province of Laos.

Sơn La province
Sơn La is a province nestled in the Northwestern region of Vietnam.

In 2018, Sơn La ranked 31st among Vietnam's administrative units in terms of population, 40th in Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP), 49th in GRDP per capita, and 63rd in GRDP growth rate. With a population of 1,242,700 people, its GRDP reached 47.223 trillion VND (approximately 2.0509 billion USD), GRDP per capita was 38 million VND (around 1,650 USD), and the GRDP growth rate was 5.59%. Sơn La is also the largest province by area in Northern Vietnam.
Population biology
The term population biology has been used with different meanings.

In 1971, Edward O. Wilson et al. used the term in the sense of applying mathematical models to population genetics, community ecology, and population dynamics. Alan Hastings used the term in 1997 as the title of his book on the mathematics used in population dynamics. The name was also used for a course given at UC Davis in the late 2010s, which describes it as an interdisciplinary field combining the areas of ecology and evolutionary biology. The course includes mathematics, statistics, ecology, genetics, and systematics. Numerous types of organisms are studied.

The journal Theoretical Population Biology is published.

Alan Hastings
Alan Matthew Hastings is a mathematical ecologist and distinguished professor in the Department of Environmental Science and Policy at the University of California, Davis. In 2005 he became a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and in 2006 he won the Robert H. MacArthur Award.

In 2008, he founded the journal Theoretical Ecology, in which he currently holds the position of editor in chief. Formerly, he was co-editor in chief of the Journal of Mathematical Biology. His research expands through many areas in theoretical ecology including spatial ecology, biological invasions, structured populations, and model fitting.
Francisco Lupica
Francesco Lupica is an American, California-based musician. Frank Lupica went to play with the likes of the Sound Machine, Lee Michaels, West Coast Pop Art Experimental Band, Travel Agency, Shanti, and the Steven Seagal Band, before goes solo too. Once part of the band Shanti, he moved into a solo career, releasing one album, Francesco's Cosmic Beam Experience.  Lupica is the first musician to widely make use of the Cosmic Beam Experience, first in live shows, then composing and performing Cosmic Beam Experience Music, Sound Design and Additional Music for film scores such as Terrence Malick's The Thin Red Line, The New World, Tree of Life (winner of The Palm dOR at Cannes Film Festival 2011), To the Wonder, Knight of Cups and Voyage of Time, Last Hours and Carbon, plus Martin Scorsese's Silence, Jordan Vogt-Roberts's Kong: Skull Island, and Andrew Wakefield's VAXXED from Cover Up to Catastrophe.

Voyage of Time
Voyage of Time is a 2016 American experimental documentary film written and directed by Terrence Malick. The film is said to be an examination of the birth and death of the known universe. Malick had been working on the film for over forty years and it has been described by Malick himself as "one of my greatest dreams".

Voyage of Time was released in two versions: a forty-minute IMAX version with narration by Brad Pitt, and a 35-millimetre feature-length edition (also known as Voyage of Time: Life's Journey) narrated by Cate Blanchett. The feature-length edition was selected to compete for the Golden Lion at the 73rd Venice International Film Festival. The IMAX version of the film was released on October 7, 2016, by IMAX Corporation. Both versions of Voyage of Time were met with favorable responses from critics.
Étendard de Brest
Étendard de Brest was a basketball club based in Brest, France. Their home arena was Salle Marcel Cerdan. Established in 1952, Brest played one season in the LNB Pro A, in 2005–06. After being relegated to the Nationale Masculine 1 (NM1) in 2010, the club was declared bankrupt and was dissolved in 2016.

The club also played several matches in the Brest Arena in 2015 and 2016. Brest reached the quarter-finals of the French Basketball Cup once, in 2005.

French Basketball Cup
The French Basketball Cup, or French Federation Basketball Cup, (French: Coupe de France de Basket) is the annual national basketball federation cup competition of France. It is organized by the French Basketball Federation. It is also known as the Trophée Robert Busnel (Robert Busnel Trophy), named after the late basketball player Robert Busnel, who died in 1991.

A total of 54 amateur and professional teams from France, participate in the cup competition.
Broadway tram stop
Broadway is a Manchester Metrolink tram stop in Salford Quays, Salford, close to the border with Weaste, a nearby suburb. It is on the Eccles Line and in fare zone 2. This stop was opened on 6 December 1999 as part of Phase 2 of the network's expansion and has step-free access.

The stop is located at ground (street) level. It is one of the lesser used stops on the Metrolink network, being the least used tram stop in 2023/24. Immediately north of Broadway tram stop is a three-way T-junction with Broadway (road) which runs perpendicular to the tram stop's platforms and is the stop's namesake, and South Langworthy Road, which continues north from Broadway (road). The tram tracks merge onto South Langworthy Road north of the stop.

Broadway for a short time was the terminus of the Eccles Line, however the line was extended further to the current and intended terminus of Eccles on 21 July 2000, after seven months.

Weaste
Weaste (/wiːst/) is an inner-city suburb of Salford, Greater Manchester, England. It is bordered by the town of Eccles to the West and Seedley to the East. In 2014 Weaste and Seedley ward had a population of 12,616.
Amphiaraus (play)
Amphiaraus (Ancient Greek: Ἀμφιάραος, romanized: Amphiáraos) is a lost Greek play by the Athenian poet Sophocles. It is believed to have been a satyr play, although it is not clear which incident pertaining to the title character was the subject of the play, nor even which incident would lend itself to satyr play treatment. There is also a lost play of Aristophanes by this name.

Amphiaraus
Amphiaraus or Amphiaraos (/ˌæmfiəˈreɪəs/; Ancient Greek: Ἀμφιάραος, Ἀμφιάρεως, "very sacred") was in Greek mythology the son of Oicles, a seer, and one of the leaders of the Seven against Thebes. Amphiaraus at first refused to go with Adrastus on this expedition against Thebes as he foresaw the death of everyone who joined the expedition. His wife, Eriphyle, eventually compelled him to go.
Grove Mall
Grove Mall (originally The Grove Mall of Namibia) is the largest shopping centre in Namibia, Southern Africa, billed as the country's first regional shopping mall. It is located in the Hilltop mixed-use estate in Kleine Kuppe, in the southern Windhoek suburbs. It has 52,089 square metres (560,680 sq ft) of gross leasable area, anchored by Checkers (supermarket), Game (hypermarket), Edgars (department store), Woolworths' 9th store in the country, Ster Kinekor cinemas, and SPAR (supermarket). Other well-known South African and international chains present include Truworths, Ackermans, Zara, Cotton On, Dis-Chem pharmacy, and Sportsmans Warehouse. It had 120 stores and restaurants in all upon opening in October 2014, of which 28 were new to Namibia. It cost 1 billion Namibian dollars to build.

Truworths
Truworths (officially Truworths International Ltd) is a South African clothing and footwear retailer.

Founded in 1917, and based in Cape Town, Truworths operates a total of 888 stores, 763 of which are in South Africa, 88 in the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland, and the rest elsewhere in Southern Africa.
Don Barrett
Donald Barrett (16 October 1917 – January 1973) was an Australian planter, army major, politician and sports coach in the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. He served as a member of the Legislative Council and House of Assembly in two spells between 1951 and 1968.

House of Assembly of Papua and New Guinea
The House of Assembly of Papua and New Guinea was the legislature of the territory of Papua and New Guinea from 1964 to 1975. Before 1964, the Legislative Council of Papua and New Guinea sat from 1951 to 1964 under the Papua and New Guinea Act 1949. After independence in 1975, the legislature was renamed from the House of Assembly of Papua New Guinea to the National Parliament of Papua New Guinea.

From 1884 to 1902, Papua or British New Guinea was administered by Britain and then transferred to direct rule by Australia under the Papua Act 1906. Australian rule was interrupted during World War II.
Social fund
A social fund (sometimes also called Social Investment Fund, Social Fund for Development, Social Action Fund, National Solidarity Fund or Social Development Agency) is an institution, typically in a developing country, that provides financing (usually grants) for small-scale public investments targeted at meeting the needs of poor and vulnerable communities. Social Funds also aim at contributing to social capital and development at the local level. In many cases they serve as innovators and demonstrators of new methods of decentralized participatory decision-making, management, and accountability that may be adopted for broader application by public sector organizations.

Social capital
Social capital is a concept used in sociology and economics to define networks of relationships which are productive towards advancing the goals of individuals and groups.
It involves the effective functioning of social groups through interpersonal relationships, a shared sense of identity, a shared understanding, shared norms, shared values, trust, cooperation, and reciprocity. Some have described it as a form of capital that produces public goods for a common purpose, although this does not align with how it has been measured.

Social capital has been used to explain the improved performance of diverse groups, the growth of entrepreneurial firms, superior managerial performance, enhanced supply chain relations, the value derived from strategic alliances, and the evolution of communities.
Prostate-specific antigen
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA), also known as gamma-seminoprotein or kallikrein-3 (KLK3), P-30 antigen, is a glycoprotein enzyme encoded in humans by the KLK3 gene. PSA is a member of the kallikrein-related peptidase family and is secreted by the epithelial cells of the prostate gland in men and the paraurethral glands in women.

PSA is produced for the ejaculate, where it liquefies semen in the seminal coagulum and allows sperm to swim freely. It is also believed to be instrumental in dissolving cervical mucus, allowing the entry of sperm into the uterus.

PSA is present in small quantities in the serum of men with healthy prostates, but is often elevated in the presence of prostate cancer or other prostate disorders. PSA is not uniquely an indicator of prostate cancer, but may also detect prostatitis or benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Protease
A protease (also called a peptidase, proteinase, or proteolytic enzyme) is an enzyme that catalyzes proteolysis, breaking down proteins into smaller polypeptides or single amino acids, and spurring the formation of new protein products. They do this by cleaving the peptide bonds within proteins by hydrolysis, a reaction where water breaks bonds. Proteases are involved in numerous biological pathways, including digestion of ingested proteins, protein catabolism (breakdown of old proteins), and cell signaling.

In the absence of functional accelerants, proteolysis would be very slow, taking hundreds of years. Proteases can be found in all forms of life and viruses. They have independently evolved multiple times, and different classes of protease can perform the same reaction by completely different catalytic mechanisms.
Charles H. Baldwin (Medal of Honor)
Charles H. Baldwin (June 30, 1839 – January 22, 1911) was an enlisted man in the United States Navy during the American Civil War.  He served aboard the USS Wyalusing and received the Medal of Honor for his participation in a plan to destroy the rebel ram CSS Albemarle in Roanoke River, May 25, 1864. Fellow crewmen Alexander Crawford, John Lafferty, Benjamin Lloyd, and John W. Lloyd were also awarded the Medal of Honor for participating in the same plan. He is buried at Christ Episcopal Church in Accokeek, MD.

Naval History and Heritage Command
The Naval History and Heritage Command, formerly the Naval Historical Center, is an Echelon II command responsible for the preservation, analysis, and dissemination of U.S. naval history and heritage located at the historic Washington Navy Yard.  The NHHC is composed of 42 facilities in 13 geographic locations including the Navy Department Library, 10 museums and 1 heritage center, USS Constitution repair facility and detachment, and historic ship ex-USS Nautilus.
Kuwa (weapon)
The Kuwa is an Okinawan and Japanese weapon shaped like a gardening tool of the same name. The gardening tool kuwa is shaped like an adze and used similarly to a hoe. The weapon kuwa is used in Okinawan kobudō.

Adze
An adze (/ædz/) or adz is an ancient and versatile cutting tool similar to an axe but with the cutting edge perpendicular to the handle rather than parallel. Adzes have been used since the Stone Age. They are used for smoothing or carving wood in hand woodworking, and as a hoe for agriculture and horticulture. Two basic forms of an adze are the hand adze (short hoe)—a short-handled tool swung with one hand—and the foot adze (hoe)—a long-handled tool capable of powerful swings using both hands, the cutting edge usually striking at foot or shin level. A similar tool is called a mattock, which differs by having two blades, one perpendicular to the handle and one parallel.
Wisconsin Highway 118
State Trunk Highway 118 (often called Highway 118, STH-118 or WIS 118) is a 6.86-mile (11.04 km) state highway in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. It runs from U.S. Route 63 east of Benoit east to Wisconsin Highway 112 south of Ashland. The highway is located in Bayfield and Ashland Counties in northwest Wisconsin. Highway 118 is maintained by the Wisconsin Department of Transportation.

Wisconsin Department of Transportation
The Wisconsin Department of Transportation (WisDOT) is a governmental agency of the U.S. state of Wisconsin responsible for planning, building and maintaining the state's highways.  It is also responsible for planning transportation in the state relating to rail, including passenger rail, public transit, freight water transport and air transport, including partial funding of the Milwaukee-to-Chicago Hiawatha provided by Amtrak.

The Wisconsin DOT is made up of three executive offices and five divisions organized according to transportation function. WisDOT's main office is located at Hill Farms State Transportation Building in Madison, and it maintains regional offices throughout the state.