hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Marcelów, Bełchatów County
Marcelów [marˈt͡sɛluf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Szczerców, within Bełchatów County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) north of Szczerców, 18 km (11 mi) west of Bełchatów, and 52 km (32 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Bełchatów County
Bełchatów County (Polish: powiat bełchatowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Bełchatów, which lies 47 kilometres (29 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź. The only other town in the county is Zelów, lying 16 km (10 mi) north-west of Bełchatów.

The county covers an area of 969.21 square kilometres (374.2 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 112,640, out of which the population of Bełchatów is 62,062, that of Zelów is 8,173, and the rural population is 42,405.
NBI-75043
NBI-75043 is a potent and highly selective histamine H1 receptor antagonist or antihistamine which was under development for the treatment of insomnia but was never marketed. It is taken orally. The drug has been found to enhance both slow wave sleep and REM sleep in rodents. Its elimination half-life was found to be 6.7 hours orally and 9.1 hours by intravenous injection in a clinical study. For comparison, diphenhydramine had a half-life of 12 hours and 9.3 hours by these respective routes in the same study. The chemical synthesis of NBI-75043 has been described. NBI-75043 was under development by Neurocrine Biosciences. It entered phase 1 clinical trials for insomnia in 2006 and completed a phase 1 trial the same year. No further development was reported after that and its development was eventually discontinued. Studies of NBI-75043 were published in 2009.

Slow-wave sleep
Slow-wave sleep (SWS), often referred to as deep sleep, is the third stage of non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREM), where electroencephalography activity is characterised by slow delta waves.

Slow-wave sleep usually lasts between 70 and 90 minutes, taking place during the first hours of the night. Slow-wave sleep is characterised by moderate muscle tone, slow or absent eye movement, and lack of genital activity. Slow-wave sleep is considered important for memory consolidation, declarative memory, and the recovery of the brain from daily activities.

Before 2007, the term slow-wave sleep referred to the third and fourth stages of NREM. Current terminology combined these into a single stage three.: 291
2008 Speedway Grand Prix of Germany
The 2008 Speedway Grand Prix of Germany was the eleventh and closing race of the 2008 Speedway Grand Prix season. It was scheduled to take place on 11 October 2008, in the Veltins-Arena in Gelsenkirchen, Germany. However, the meeting was cancelled because the track (temporary) was deemed unsafe by the Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme (FIM) jury due to adverse weather conditions. The event was re-staged at the Polonia Stadium, Bydgoszcz, Poland, on the 18 October and was renamed the 2008 FIM Final Speedway Grand Prix. The Grand Prix was won by Polish rider Tomasz Gollob, who also won the 2008 Super Prix.

Poland national speedway team
The Poland national speedway team is the national motorcycle speedway team of Poland and is controlled by the Polish Motor Union (PZM). They are one of the most successful speedway nations of all time.
All India Jharkhand Party
All India Jharkhand Party is a political party in India. The party was founded  by David Munzni on May 19, 1968 after merger of Jharkhand Party with Indian National Congress in 1963. Bagun Sumbrai was chosen as president and N.E. Horo as general secretary.

The party participated in two Lok Sabha elections in 1971 and 1972, two Bihar Legislative Assembly elections in 1972 and 1977, and three elections in Odisha in 1971, 1974, and 1977 alongside the Jharkhand Party. The membership was predominantly Christian, but there was also a large group of non-Christians. The party was later crippled through ethnic fractionalism.

David Munzni
David Munzni (3 October 1924 – 3 December 1987) was an Indian politician. He was a Member of Parliament, representing Lohardaga, Bihar in the Lok Sabha the lower house of India's Parliament as a member of the Indian National Congress. Munzi died in Delhi on 3 December 1987, at the age of 63.
Listed buildings in Oswaldtwistle
Oswaldtwistle is a village in Hyndburn, Lancashire, England. It contains 15 buildings which are designated by Historic England and recorded in the National Heritage List for England.  Of these, one is listed at Grade II*, the middle grade, and the others are at Grade II.  Until the arrival of industry, the area was rural, and most of the earliest listed building are, or originated as farmhouses. One building does retain a former loomshop, an example of domestic industry. The Leeds and Liverpool Canal and the former East Lancashire Railway pass through the area, and the listed buildings associated with these are two canal bridges and a railway viaduct. The remaining listed buildings are a church and a war memorial.

Weavers' cottage
A weavers' cottage was (and to an extent still is) a type of house used by weavers for cloth production in the putting-out system sometimes known as the domestic system.

Weavers' cottages were common in Great Britain, often with dwelling quarters on the lower floors and loom-shop on the top floor. Cellar loomshops on the ground floor or in the basement were found where cotton was woven, as they provided high humidity. A loom-shop can be often recognised by a long row of windows which provided maximum light for the weaver.
Raffaele Cantoni
Raffaele Cantoni (1896–1971) was  an anti-fascist Italian Jew who is best known for his efforts, perhaps daring, in saving Italian Jews from the Holocaust.

He was a DELASEM executive before and during the German occupation of World War II.  He was also President of the pro-Zionist  UCEI (Unione delle Comunità Ebraiche Italiane) or Union of Italian Jewish Communities.  He was a Mason and a socialist.

Union of Italian Jewish Communities
The Union of Italian Jewish Communities (Italian: Unione delle comunità ebraiche italiane, UCEI) is a national association that represents over twenty Jewish community associations in Italy. It was founded in 1911 as the Comitato delle università israelitiche, which became the Consorzio delle comunità israelitiche italiane in 1920 and the Unione delle comunità israelitiche italiane in 1930. The current name was adopted in 1987.
Henry's Dream
Henry's Dream is the seventh studio album by the Australian rock band Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds, released on 27 April 1992 by Mute Records.

It was the first album to feature long-standing members Martyn P. Casey (bass guitar) and Conway Savage (piano, organ, backing vocals), both Australian. Savage also performs a duet with Cave in the chorus of 'When I First Came to Town'. The album title is a reference to The Dream Songs (1969), a long poem by John Berryman.

The Dream Songs
The Dream Songs is a compilation of two books of poetry, 77 Dream Songs (1964) and His Toy, His Dream, His Rest (1968), by the American poet John Berryman. According to Berryman's "Note" to The Dream Songs, "This volume combines 77 Dream Songs and His Toy, His Dream, His Rest, comprising Books I through VII of a poem whose working title, since 1955, has been The Dream Songs." In total, the work consists of 385 individual poems.

The book is listed by the Academy of American Poets as one of its "Classic Books of American Poetry". The Norton Anthology of Modern Poetry calls The Dream Songs Berryman's "major work" and says the poems "form, like his friend Robert Lowell's Notebook, a poetic journal, and represent, half phantasmagorically, the changes in Berryman's mood and attitude."

The dream song form consists of three stanzas, divided into six lines per stanza. The poems are in free verse with irregular rhyme schemes. The songs are all numbered but only some have individual titles.
Tom Jenkins (baseball)
Thomas Griffith Jenkins [Tut] (April 10, 1898 – May 3, 1979) was a reserve outfielder in Major League Baseball who played for the Boston Red Sox (1925–1926), Philadelphia Athletics (1926) and St. Louis Browns (1929–1932). Jenkins batted left-handed and threw right-handed. He was born in Camden, Alabama.

In a six-season career, Jenkins was a .259 hitter (119-for-459) with three home runs and 44 RBI in 171 games, including 42 runs, 14 doubles, six triples, and one stolen base. He made 109 outfield appearances at right field (75), left (32) and center (2).

Jenkins died in Weymouth, Massachusetts at age 81.

Center fielder
A center fielder, abbreviated CF, is the outfielder in baseball who plays defense in center field – the baseball and softball fielding position between left field and right field. In the numbering system used to record defensive plays, the center fielder is assigned the number 8.
Durell Mock
Lotice Durrell Mock (November 10, 1929 – March 2, 1999) was an American football player and coach. He served as the head football coach at the Florence State University—now known as the University of North Alabama—from 1970 to 1972, compiling a record of 8–24. Prior to that, he was a high school football coach in the state of Alabama.

After retiring from coaching, he served as the Chief of Police at North Alabama's campus.

University of North Alabama
The University of North Alabama (UNA) is a public university in Florence, Alabama, United States. It is the state's oldest university. Occupying a 130-acre (0.5 km2) campus in a residential section of Florence, UNA is located within a four-city area that also includes Tuscumbia, Sheffield and Muscle Shoals. The four cities compose a metropolitan area with a combined population of 140,000 people.

The University of North Alabama was one of about 180 "normal schools" founded by state governments in the 19th century to train teachers for the rapidly growing public common schools. Some closed but most steadily expanded their role and became state colleges in the early 20th century and state universities in the late 20th century. It was founded as LaGrange College in 1830. It was reestablished in 1872 as the first state-supported teachers college south of the Ohio River. A year later, it became one of the nation's first coeducational colleges.
Clear Creek (North River tributary)
Clear Creek is a stream in Shelby County in the U.S. state of Missouri. It is a tributary of the North River.

The stream headwaters arise at 39°47′34″N 91°55′22″W﻿ / ﻿39.79278°N 91.92278°W﻿ / 39.79278; -91.92278 at an elevation of approximately 750 feet and 1000 feet west of Missouri Route T. The Stream flows to the north-northwest passing under Missouri Route 164 about one mile from its source and 3.5 miles west of the community of Emden. The stream continues on course for another two miles to its confluence with the North River at 39°50′07″N 91°56′34″W﻿ / ﻿39.83528°N 91.94278°W﻿ / 39.83528; -91.94278 at an elevation of 650 feet.

Clear Creek was so named due to the clearness of its cold spring-sourced water.

Missouri Route 164
Route 164 is a state highway in the Missouri Bootheel. The route starts at U.S. Route 412 (US 412) in Cardwell. The route travels eastward across the bootheel, and it goes through the towns of Arbyrd, Hornersville, Rives, and Steele. It becomes concurrent with US 61 briefly in Steele, and intersects Interstate 55 (I-55) east of the city. The route ends east of Cottonwood Point, near the Mississippi River.

The route was designated in 1956, replacing two supplemental routes that started from Cardwell and ended at Steele. In 1965, another former supplemental route was added to the route, extending the eastern terminus to Cottonwood Point. An interchange was constructed at I-55 in 1974.
Musical setting
A musical setting is a musical composition that is written on the basis of a literary work. The literary work is said to be set, or adapted, to music. Musical settings include choral music and other vocal music. A musical setting is made to particular words, such as poems. By contrast, a musical arrangement is a musical reconceptualization of a previously composed work, rather than a brand new piece of music. An arrangement often refers to a change in medium or style and can be instrumental, not necessarily vocal music.

Texts commonly used in choral settings include the mass and the requiem in Western Christianity, and the Divine Liturgy of St. John Chrysostom and the All-night vigil in Eastern Christianity. Examples include Mozart's Great Mass, and Leontovych's Liturgy of St. John Chrysostom.

A poem that has been set to music is known as an art song or Lied (German variant). Composers known for their art songs include Franz Schubert and Robert Schumann.

Literary work
Literary work is a generic term for works of literature, i.e. texts such as fiction and non-fiction books, essays, screenplays.

In the philosophy of art and the field of aesthetics there is some debate about what that means, precisely.

What a literary work is can encompass poems, novels, dramas, short stories, sagas, legends, and satires, but in one definition is taken to exclude fact-oriented writing.
In length a literary work can range from short poems to trilogy novels, and in tone from comic verse to tragedy.
Hans Ritter von Adam
Leutnant Hans Ritter von Adam, born Hans Adam (24 May 1886 – 15 November 1917), was a Bavarian flying ace in World War I, with 21 victories before being killed in action. He enlisted as an infantry private and rose through the ranks to be commissioned an officer. His valor earned him his nation's highest awards, including one that posthumously raised him to nobility.

Military Merit Order (Bavaria)
The Bavarian Military Merit Order (German: Militär-Verdienstorden) was established on 19 July 1866 by King Ludwig II of Bavaria.  It was the kingdom's main decoration for bravery and military merit for officers and higher-ranking officials. Civilians acting in support of the army were also made eligible for the decoration.  The Military Merit Order ranked below the Military Order of Max Joseph (Militär-Max-Joseph-Orden), which was Bavaria's highest military honor for officers (and conferred a patent of non-hereditary nobility on officers who were not already nobles).
Una Morris
Una Lorraine Morris (born 17 January 1947) is a retired Jamaican sprinter, physician, restaurateur, and food caterer. She represented Jamaica at the 1964, 1968 and 1972 Summer Olympics in eight sprint events in total, with the best achievement of fourth place in the 200 metres in 1964. She won a bronze medal in the 4×100 metres relay at the 1967 Pan American Games. in 1963 and 1964 she was chosen as Jamaican Sportswoman of the Year.

Currently, she is a radiologist, and was the owner of the Kingston Cafe restaurant in Pasadena, California, which was featured on an episode of the American television reality show Kitchen Nightmares with Gordon Ramsay in 2011. At that time her son, Keone was also involved in the restaurant. In August 2018, the restaurant closed and was converted into a catering business.

Jamaican Sportsperson of the Year
The Jamaican Sportsman and Sportswoman of the Year is an annual election, organised by the RJR Sports Foundation, which honours outstanding achievement(s) in sport by Jamaican athletes during the previous year.
Wren, Oregon
Wren is an unincorporated community in Benton County, Oregon, United States. It is located at the junction of U.S. Route 20 and Oregon Route 223 on the Marys River.

Wren was named for George P. Wren, who settled in the area. The first form of the name was "Wrens", used for a station established by the Oregon Pacific Railroad in the locality in 1886.  In 1927, Wren was described as having "a railway station, general store, post office, and church.  Four families live at this point." Wren had a post office from 1887 to 1968.

U.S. Route 20 in Oregon
U.S. Route 20 (US 20) is a major west–east cross-state highway in the northern part of the U.S. state of Oregon, especially east of the Cascade Mountains. It connects U.S. Route 101 in Newport on the central Oregon Coast to the Idaho state line east of Nyssa.
Lucrezia Borgia (play)
Lucrezia Borgia (French: Lucrèce Borgia) is an 1833 play by the French writer Victor Hugo. It is a historical work portraying the Renaissance-era Italian aristocrat Lucrezia Borgia. The play (along with Angelo, Tyrant of Padua) is believed to have been a major influence on Oscar Wilde's The Duchess of Padua (1891).

History (theatrical genre)
History is one of the three main genres in Western theatre alongside tragedy and comedy, although it originated, in its modern form, thousands of years later than the other primary genres. For this reason, it is often treated as a subset of tragedy.  A play in this genre is known as a history play and is based on a historical narrative, often set in the medieval or early modern past. History emerged as a distinct genre from tragedy in Renaissance England. The best known examples of the genre are the history plays written by William Shakespeare, whose plays still serve to define the genre. History plays also appear elsewhere in Western literature, such as Thomas Heywood's Edward IV, Schiller's Mary Stuart or the Dutch national poet Joost van den Vondel's play Gijsbrecht van Aemstel.
Blood Magick Necromance
Blood Magick Necromance is the ninth studio album by the Austrian blackened death metal band Belphegor.  It was released on 14 January 2011 through Nuclear Blast. The album was recorded by Peter Tägtgren at Abyss Studios in Sweden.

Music videos were shot for "Impaled Upon the Tongue of Sathan" and "In Blood - Devour This Sanctity", directed by Alexander Koenig and Andrey Kovalev, respectively. The album features cover art by Joachim Luetke who previously worked with Arch Enemy, Dimmu Borgir and Kreator among others.

Blackened death metal
Blackened death metal (also known as black death metal) is an extreme subgenre of heavy metal that fuses elements of black metal and death metal.

The genre emerged in early 1990s when black metal bands began incorporating elements of death metal and vice versa. The genre typically employs death growls, tremolo picking, blast beats, and Satanic lyrics and imagery. Bands of the genre typically employ corpse paint, which was adapted from black metal.
Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe
The Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe (ALDE; French: Alliance des Démocrates et des Libéraux pour l'Europe, ADLE) was a transnational alliance between two European political parties, the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party and the European Democratic Party. ALDE had political groups in the European Parliament, the EU Committee of the Regions, the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe and the NATO Parliamentary Assembly. There were assorted independents in these groups as well as national-level affiliate parties of the European-level parties.

The pro-European platform of ALDE espoused liberal economics, and supported for European integration and the European single market.

Following the 2019 European Parliament election, Renew Europe replaced the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe group from the 2014−2019 Parliament, and ALDE, as a political alliance between the ALDE Party and the EDP, ceased to be mentioned.

European Committee of the Regions
The European Committee of the Regions (CoR) is the European Union's (EU) assembly of local and regional representatives that provides sub-national authorities (i.e. regions, counties, provinces, municipalities and cities) with a direct voice within the EU's institutional framework.

Established in 1994, the CoR was set up to address two main issues. First, about three quarters of EU legislation is implemented at local or regional level, so local and regional representatives needed to have a say in the development of new EU laws. Second, there were concerns about a widening gap between the public and the process of European integration; involving the elected level of government closest to the citizens was one way of closing the gap.
Finnish Cultural Foundation
Finnish Cultural Foundation (Finnish: Suomen Kulttuurirahasto) is a private nonprofit foundation dedicated to the promotion of culture and research in Finland. The foundation's assets are about 1.8 billion euros, which makes it one of the largest private foundations in Europe. Annual grants were more than 50 million euros in 2023.

The Finnish Cultural Foundation consists of the main fund and 17 regional funds. It was founded in 1939 to counterbalance Finnish cultural life as the Swedish-speaking Finns received significantly more funding because of their own foundation Svenska kulturfonden.

Foundation (nonprofit)
A foundation (also referred to as a charitable foundation) is a type of nonprofit organization or charitable trust that usually provides funding and support to other charitable organizations through grants, while also potentially participating directly in charitable activities. Foundations encompass public charitable foundations, like community foundations, and private foundations, which are often endowed by an individual or family. Nevertheless, the term "foundation" might also be adopted by organizations not primarily engaged in public grantmaking.
British Soap Award for Best Actress
The British Soap Award for Best Actress was an award presented annually by The British Soap Awards from its inception in 1999 until 2019. Alongside Best Actor, the award was voted for by the public. EastEnders was the most awarded soap in the category, with ten wins, while EastEnders actress Lacey Turner is the most awarded actress, with three wins. In 2022, it was confirmed that the category had been replaced by the award for Best Leading Performer. The final winner of the award was Emmerdale actress Lucy Pargeter.

Lacey Turner
Lacey Amelia Turner (born 28 March 1988) is an English actress. She gained prominence in the BBC soap opera EastEnders for her portrayal of Stacey Slater, a role she initially played between 2004 and 2010 before returning in 2014 and departing again in 2025. She has won four National Television Awards, eight British Soap Awards and eight Inside Soap Awards for this role.

Turner has also appeared in Being Human (2011), True Love (2012), Bedlam (2012), Switch (2012) and Call the Midwife (2014). Between 2013 and 2014, she starred in a leading role as Molly Dawes in the BBC military drama Our Girl.
Botanical Society of China
The Botanical Society of China (Chinese: 中国植物学会; pinyin: Zhōngguó zhíwù xuéhuì) is a non-profit academic organization that promotes the development of botany in China. Located in Beijing, It was founded in 1933 and is the oldest and largest botanical society in China. The society has over 4,000 members, including botanists from all over the country.

The Botanical Society is a member of the International Association for Plant Taxonomy and the International Union of Biological Sciences.

International Union of Biological Sciences
The International Union of Biological Sciences  ( IUBS ) is a non-profit organization and non-governmental organization founded in 1919 that promotes biological sciences internationally. As a scientific umbrella organization, it was a founding member of the International Council for Science (ICSU).