hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rådström's embedding theorem
In functional analysis, Rådström's embedding theorem is a result related to the set of compact and convex subsets of a normed vector space. It states that such sets can be isometrically embededded into a convex cone in another normed vector space.

The theorem is an important result in that it shows that this family of sets has natural linear and metric structures, which allows for simpler algebraic manipulations via the embedding. It was first proven by Hans Rådström in 1952.

An extension of Rådström's result to locally convex topological vector spaces, known as the Hörmander embedding theorem, was proven by Lars Hörmander in 1954.

Isometry
In mathematics, an isometry (or congruence, or congruent transformation) is a distance-preserving transformation between metric spaces, usually assumed to be bijective. The word isometry is derived from the Ancient Greek: ἴσος isos meaning "equal", and μέτρον metron meaning "measure". If the transformation is from a metric space to itself, it is a kind of geometric transformation known as a motion.
Viva Caruso
Viva Caruso is an album by American saxophonist Joe Lovano. It is a tribute album to opera singer Enrico Caruso, featuring a small orchestral ensemble and performing jazz interpretations of compositions associated with Caruso..

Enrico Caruso
Enrico Caruso (25 February 1873 – 2 August 1921) was an Italian operatic tenor, who sang to great acclaim at the major opera houses of Europe and the Americas, appearing in a wide variety of roles that ranged from the lyric to the dramatic. Generally recognized as the first international recording star, Caruso made around 250 commercially released recordings from 1902 to 1920.
Nicky Griffiths
Nicky Griffiths is a Welsh rugby union player. A scrum half, he is a former Wales Under-19, Under-21 and 7's international.

Griffiths started his career with Bridgend RFC before moving on the Ospreys, Cornish Pirates, Doncaster R.F.C. In June 2010 he joined Newport Gwent Dragons. He left Newport Gwent Dragons at the end of the 2010–11 season for Jersey
He has become a fans favourite at the island club scoring many tries and winning the Player's Player of the year award for 2013.

Bridgend Ravens
Bridgend Ravens (Welsh: Cigfrain Pen-y-bont) (formerly Bridgend RFC) are a semi-professional rugby union club based in Bridgend, South Wales.

They currently play in Super Rygbi Cymru and are a feeder club to the Ospreys regional team.
Hans Ferdinand Linskens
Hans Ferdinand Linskens (22 May 1921 – 13 August 2007) was a German botanist and geneticist. Linskens was born in Lahr, Germany. From 1957 to 1986, he was professor of botany at the Radboud University Nijmegen. Linskens was the editor-in-chief of Theoretical and Applied Genetics (1977 to 1987) and Sexual Plant Reproduction. He was also an influential editor of handbooks.

Linskens was an elected member of the Deutsche Akademie der Naturforscher Leopoldina, Linnean Society of London, Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen in 1978, and the Academie Royale des Sciences de Belgique.

German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina
The German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina (German: Deutsche Akademie der Naturforscher Leopoldina – Nationale Akademie der Wissenschaften), in short Leopoldina, is the national academy of Germany, and is located in Halle (Saale). Founded on 1 January 1652, based on academic models in Italy, it was originally named the Academia Naturae Curiosorum until 1687 when Emperor Leopold I raised it to an academy and named it after himself. It was since known under the German name Deutsche Akademie der Naturforscher Leopoldina until 2007, when it was declared to be Germany's National Academy of Sciences.
Headless tambourine
The headless tambourine differs from the standard tambourine by not having a drumhead. It is called "headless" because it lacks the drumhead, that is, the skin stretched over one side of the ring in a traditional tambourine. It produces a rhythmic jingling sound or a shake roll.

Jazz, pop and rock drummers sometimes mount a headless tambourine in the drum kit.

Drumhead
A drumhead or drum skin is a membrane stretched over one or both of the open ends of a drum. The drumhead is struck with sticks, mallets, or hands, so that it vibrates and the sound resonates through the drum.

Additionally outside of percussion instruments, drumheads are also used on some string instruments, most notably the banjo.
Australia Davis Cup team results (1905–1949)
The following article details all results for the Australia Davis Cup team in the period between 1905 and 1949. It does not include ties not completed, for example ties where a walkover occurred. In total, they played 81 Davis Cup ties.

In this period Australia won the Davis Cup on seven occasions (1907, 1908, 1909, 1911, 1914, 1919, and 1939) and were runners-up on eleven occasions (1912, 1920, 1922, 1923, 1924, 1936, 1938, 1946, 1947, 1948, and 1949). They were also qualifying finalists (third place) on five occasions (1905, 1906, 1921, 1925, and 1934).

Please note: Australia assumed all historical records from the Australasia Davis Cup team that competed from 1905 to 1922 and as such, this list includes all these results. At the time, players from New Zealand were eligible to represent this team, however only one player, Anthony Wilding ever did so. From 1923, Australia competed as a standalone nation.

1947 Davis Cup
The 1947 Davis Cup was the 36th edition of the most important tournament between national teams in men's tennis. 20 teams entered the Europe Zone, and 2 teams entered the America Zone. Luxembourg competed for the first time.

Australia defeated Canada in the America Zone final, and Czechoslovakia defeated Yugoslavia in the Europe Zone final. Australia defeated Czechoslovakia in the Inter-Zonal play-off, but was defeated by defending champions the United States in the Challenge Round. The final was played at the West Side Tennis Club in Forest Hills, New York, United States on 30 August-1 September.
2016–17 División de Honor Femenina de Hockey Hierba
The 2016–17 División de Honor was the 80th season of the División de Honor, Spain's premier field hockey league for women. It began on 24 September 2016 and concluded on 20 May 2017.

Sanse Complutense were the defending champions.

Atlètic Terrassa Hockey Club
Atlètic Terrassa Hockey Club, also known as Atlètic Terrassa, is a professional field hockey club based in Terrassa, Catalonia, Spain. The club was founded in 1952. Their senior men's field hockey team play in the División de Honor and the Copa del Rey. They have also regularly represented Spain in the Euro Hockey League.  Their senior women's field hockey team play in the División de Honor and in the Copa de la Reina. In addition to field hockey, the club also organises teams in various other sports and activities including tennis, padel, basketball, futsal, swimming, gymnastics and golf.
Joseph Catalanotti
Joseph Catalanotti (born Giuseppe Catalanotti; 1887–1946) was an Italian-American labor leader who co-founded the Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America union, served as one of its vice presidents, and also served as president of the Free Italy American Labor Council.

Sidney Hillman
Sidney Hillman (March 23, 1887 – July 10, 1946) was an American labor leader. He was the head of the Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America and was a key figure in the founding of the Congress of Industrial Organizations and in marshaling labor's support for President Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal coalition of the Democratic Party.
Tamir Sapir
Tamir Sapir (born Temur Sepiashvili, Georgian: თემურ სეფიაშვილი; 1946/1947 – September 24, 2014) was a Georgian-born, Georgian-American businessman, real estate developer and investor. He was the founder of the Sapir Organization, a real estate investment firm based in New York City. Sapir originally made his fortune trading oil and fertilizers with the Soviet Union during the 1980s. He became a billionaire in 2002, with his wealth peaking in 2007 at US$2 billion, according to Forbes.

Georgian Americans
Georgian Americans (Georgian: ქართველი ამერიკელები, romanized: kartveli amerik'elebi) are Americans of full or partial Georgian ancestry. They encompass ethnic Georgians who have immigrated to the U.S. from Georgia, as well as other areas with significant Georgian populations, such as Russia.

The precise number of Americans of Georgian descent is unknown. This is because 19th and 20th century U.S. immigration records often did not differentiate between various ethnic groups originating in the Russian Empire, which had slowly annexed Georgia starting from year 1801 and of which it remained a part until 1918.
Isabella Clemmensen
Isabella Clemmensen (born November 4, 1996, in Copenhagen) is a Danish female curler.

At the national level, she is a two-time Danish women's champion (2015, 2016) and a three-time junior champion (2013, 2014, 2015).

Danish Junior Curling Championships
The Danish Junior Curling Championships (Danish: Junior DM Herrer, Junior DM Damer) are the national championships of men's and women's junior curling teams in Denmark. Junior level curlers must be under the age of 21. The championships have been held annually since 1976 for junior men and since 1983 for junior women. The championships are organized by the Danish Curling Association (Danish: Dansk Curling Forbund).
Slade Power
Slade Power (foaled 2 April 2009) is an Irish Thoroughbred racehorse. A specialist sprinter, Slade Power won one minor race as a two-year-old in 2011 before winning the Sandy Lane Stakes in England and the Belgrave Stakes in Ireland (both Listed races) in 2012. He emerged as a top-class performer as a four-year-old in 2013, winning the Sapphire Stakes, Phoenix Sprint Stakes and British Champions Sprint Stakes. He was even better in 2014, establishing himself as arguably the leading sprinter in Europe by winning the Greenlands Stakes, Diamond Jubilee Stakes and July Cup.

Greenlands Stakes
The Greenlands Stakes is a Group 2 flat horse race in Ireland open to thoroughbreds aged four years or older. It is run at the Curragh over a distance of 6 furlongs (1,207 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in May.

The event is named after Greenlands, the area of the Curragh plain where the racecourse is located. It is held on the same afternoon as the Irish 2,000 Guineas. Prior to 2015 it was also open to three-year-olds and was contested at Group 3 level.
The Screen on the Green
The Screen on the Green, also known as Everyman Screen On The Green, is a single-screen cinema facing Islington Green in the London Borough of Islington, London, England. The current building was opened in 1913 and it is one of the oldest continuously running cinemas in the UK. It is an example of the many purpose-built cinemas that followed the regulations set by the Cinematograph Act 1909. The idea of cinema was re-invented here by Romaine Hart in 1970 and it was seen as a model for new stylish cinemas in the UK. It became a venue for bands such as the Sex Pistols and The Clash, and a place to be seen in the 1970s and '80s. Hart sold the cinema in 2008, and it is now (as of 2025) run by Everyman Cinemas.

Cinematograph Act 1909
The Cinematograph Act 1909 (9 Edw. 7. c. 30) is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It was the first primary legislation in the UK which specifically regulated the film industry.  It unintentionally provided the legal basis for film censorship, leading to the establishment of the British Board of Film Censors in 1912.
West London Waste Authority
The West London Waste Authority is the statutory body responsible for waste disposal in the London boroughs of Brent, Ealing, Harrow, Hillingdon, Hounslow and Richmond upon Thames. The authority was formed in 1986, taking over functions previously held by the Greater London Council, and is overseen by an elected councillor from each of the boroughs in which it operates.

London Borough of Brent
Brent (/brɛnt/ ⓘ) is a borough in west and north-west London, England; it forms part of Outer London. It is known for landmarks such as Wembley Stadium, the Swaminarayan Temple and the Kiln Theatre. It also contains the Welsh Harp reservoir and the Park Royal commercial estate. The local authority is Brent London Borough Council.

Brent's population was estimated to be 339,800 as at 2021. Major districts are Kenton, Kilburn, Willesden, Wembley and Harlesden, with sub-districts Stonebridge, Kingsbury, Kensal Green, Neasden, and Queen's Park. Brent has a mixture of residential, industrial and commercial land. It includes many districts of inner-city character in the east and a more distinct suburban character in the west, part of which formed part of the early 20th century Metroland developments.
Dance Me Up
"Dance Me Up" is a song by the English glam rock singer Gary Glitter, written by Glitter with Mike Leander and Eddie (Edward John) Seago and produced by Mike Leander. It was released as the second single from his fifth studio album, Boys Will Be Boys (1984). The single features the non-album track, "Too Young to Dance" as its B-side, which was exclusive to the single.

The single was released in Europe in June 1984.  On 21 June 1984, Glitter appeared on Top of the Pops with the song, despite it being at No. 48 on the UK Singles Chart that week. At the time, Top of the Pops had a general policy of not showing any songs outside of the Top 40, though had relaxed this on rare occasions. Following Glitter's Top of the Pops performance, the song peaked at No. 25 on the UK Singles Chart.

Mike Leander
Michael George Farr (30 June 1941 – 18 April 1996), known professionally as Mike Leander, was a British arranger, songwriter and record producer.

He worked variously with Cliff Richard, the Beatles, David McWilliams ("Days of Pearly Spencer"), Gary Glitter, the Rolling Stones, Brian Jones, Marianne Faithfull, Andrew Loog Oldham, Joe Cocker, Billy Fury, Marc Bolan, Small Faces, Van Morrison, Alan Price, Peter Frampton, Keith Richards, Shirley Bassey, Lulu, Jimmy Page, Roy Orbison, Ben E. King, the Drifters, and Gene Pitney. Leander also wrote the score for the films Privilege (1967) and Run a Crooked Mile (1969).
1984 Pocono 500
The 1984 Pocono 500, the 14th running of the event, was held at Pocono Raceway in Long Pond, Pennsylvania, on Sunday, August 19, 1984. Branded as the 1984 Domino's Pizza 500 for sponsorship reasons, the race was won by Danny Sullivan.

Long Pond, Pennsylvania
Long Pond is an unincorporated community in Monroe County in the Pocono Mountains region of Pennsylvania, a part of the Appalachian Mountains.  Long Pond is located within the Tunkhannock Creek Watershed.  Its ZIP code is 18334.
Lubomyr Romankiw
Lubomyr Taras Romankiw (April 17, 1931 – June 27, 2024) was a Ukrainian-Canadian-American Electrochemist, Material Scientist and Engineer, and a world-renowned inventor. Although a Canadian citizen, he spent his entire career at IBM's Thomas J. Watson Research Center in Yorktown Heights, New York. He was an IBM fellow, the highest technical ranking at IBM.

Romankiw earned his B.Sc. from the University of Alberta in 1957, and both M.S. and Ph.D. degrees (in metallurgy and materials) from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1962. His Ph.D. dissertation was titled "Kinetics of dissolution of zinc sulfide in aqueous sulfuric acid", under the advisory of Professor P. L. de Bruyn. Romankiw is listed as a co-inventor on over 90 U.S. patents, 150 papers and edited 10 volumes of various technical symposia.

Thomas J. Watson Research Center
The Thomas J. Watson Research Center is the headquarters for IBM Research. Its main laboratory is in Yorktown Heights, New York, 38 miles (61 km) north of New York City. It also operates facilities in Cambridge, Massachusetts and Albany, New York.
City Park (New Rochelle, New York)
City Field is a baseball venue located in the public park of Williams Flowers Park in New Rochelle, New York, United States. It is home to the Iona Gaels baseball team of the NCAA Division I Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference (MAAC). The field's namesake is after William "Brud" Flowers, a New Rochelle resident and athletics coach.

Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference
The Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference (MAAC, /mæk/) is a collegiate athletic conference affiliated with NCAA Division I. Its current 13 full members are located in five Northeastern states: Connecticut, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York.

Members are all relatively small private institutions, a majority Catholic or formerly Catholic, with the only exceptions being two secular institutions: Rider University and Quinnipiac University.

The MAAC currently sponsors 25 sports and has 17 associate member institutions.
Il giovedì grasso
Il giovedì grasso is a farsa in one act by Gaetano Donizetti, from a libretto by Domenico Gilardoni. The literal translation of the title is  "Fat Thursday", a reference to Carnival celebration. The libretto was adapted from the French comedies Monsieur de Pourceaugnac by Molière and Le nouveau Pourceaugnac by Charles-Gaspard Delestre-Poirson and Eugène Scribe. The opera uses spoken dialogue rather than recitatives, and the buffo role is given in the Neapolitan language. The work premiered at the Teatro del Fondo in Naples on 26 February 1829.

Neapolitan language
Neapolitan (autonym: ('o n)napulitano [(o n)napuliˈtɑːnə]; Italian: napoletano) is a Romance language of the Southern Italo-Romance group spoken in most of continental Southern Italy. It is named after the Kingdom of Naples, which once covered most of the area, and the city of Naples was its capital. On 14 October 2008, a law by the Region of Campania stated that Neapolitan was to be protected.

While the language group is native to much of continental Southern Italy or the former Kingdom of Naples, the terms Neapolitan, napulitano or napoletano may also instead refer more narrowly to the specific variety spoken natively in the city of Naples and the immediately surrounding Naples metropolitan area and Campania region. The present article mostly deals with this variety, which enjoys a certain degree of prestige and has historically wide written attestations.
Staatsexamen
The Staatsexamen ("state examination" or "exam by state"; pl.: Staatsexamina) is a German government licensing examination that future physicians, dentists, physical therapists, teachers, research librarians, archivists, pharmacists, food chemists, psychotherapists and jurists (i.e., lawyers, judges, public prosecutors, civil-law notaries) as well as surveyors have to pass to be allowed to work in their profession. The examination is generally organized by government examination agencies which are under the authority of the responsible ministry. These agencies create examination commissions which consist of members of the examination agency, university professors and/or representatives from the professions.
The Staatsexamina are both legally equivalent to a master's degree in the respective operating ranges.

Dentist
A dentist, also known as a dental doctor, dental physician, dental surgeon, is a health care professional who specializes in dentistry, the branch of medicine focused on the teeth, gums, and mouth. The dentist's supporting team aids in providing oral health services. The dental team includes dental assistants, dental hygienists, dental technicians, and sometimes dental therapists.
Scrap Metal (band)
Scrap Metal were a reggae, country, rock band from Broome, Western Australia which formed in 1983. The members had Aboriginal, Irish, Filipino, French, Chinese, Scottish, Indonesian and Japanese heritage. The group issued four albums, Just Looking (1987), Broken Down Man (1988), Scrap Metal (1990) and Pub Sweat 'n' Tears (1992). They toured nationally supporting Midnight Oil in 1987 and as part of the Bran Nue Dae musical in 1990 and 1993. They were the first Aboriginal band to sign an international publishing deal. Scrap Metal are the subject of an ABC TV documentary From Broome to the Big Smoke (1991). They won the Best Indigenous Act award at the 1992 West Australian Music Industry Awards. The group disbanded in 1995.

After Scrap Metal, founding mainstays Alan, Stephen and Phillip Pigram, joined their younger brothers David, Colin, Gavin and Peter to form the Pigram Brothers. In 2006 Stephen and Alan Pigram were inducted into the Western Australian Music Hall of Fame.

Larrikin Records
Larrikin Records is a record company founded in 1974 by Warren Fahey. Larrikin started as an independent label and was sold in 1995 to Festival Records.

Artists who have released albums on Larrikin include Eric Bogle, Sirocco, Mike and Michelle Jackson, Bobby McLeod, Kev Carmody, Flying Emus, Robyn Archer, Redgum, Margret RoadKnight, Jeannie Lewis, Mark Atkins, Renée Geyer, Rank Strangers, The Sweets of Sin, Richard Frankland and Currency from Canberra.

In 1990 Larrikin bought the copyright to "Kookaburra", which had been written in 1932, for $6,100. In 2009 they sued Men at Work for including two bars of Kookaburra at the beginning of their song "Down Under", attempting to claim 60% of the profits made by the song. They were awarded 5% of the profits, which was changed to $100,000.
Espen Tveit
Espen Tveit (Norwegian: [ˈɛ̂spn̩ ˈtvæɪt] ⓘ; born 31 December 1991) is a Norwegian speed skater specialising in the 500, 1000 and 1500 distances. He represents Herkules IF in Skien, and began training with the KIA Speed Skating Academy in Inzell, Germany, in 2012. Tveit's best placing to date at a Norwegian Championship is 4th, on the 1500 m in 2012, and he made his World Cup debut during the 2011–12 season, finishing 17th in the B division of the 1500 m.

Tveit was selected for the opening races of the 2012–13 World Cup season after winning four of four races at a Norwegian Cup meeting in Hamar on 10 and 11 November 2012.

2011–12 ISU Speed Skating World Cup
The 2011–12 ISU Speed Skating World Cup, officially the Essent ISU World Cup Speed Skating 2011–2012, was a series of international speed skating competitions which ran the entire season. The season started on 18 November 2011 in Chelyabinsk, Russia, and ended on 11 March 2012 in Berlin, Germany. In total, seven competition weekends were held at six different locations, twelve cups were contested (six for men, and six for women), and 72 races took place.

The mass start was introduced as a new event for the season. Additionally, the team sprint was contested as a demonstration event at both Heerenveen competitions. The World Cup is organized by the International Skating Union (ISU).
Conjola Formation
The Conjola Formation is a geologic formation in the south of the Sydney Basin in eastern Australia. Formed in the late Permian, when the Wagonga Beds sank below sea level, and were subsequently covered with eroded sediments. A member of the Shoalhaven Group, the maximum depth is 550 metres, the age is between 264 and 265 million years. Within this formation the rocks contain mid to dark-grey siltstone of an indistinct bedding to flat-bedding. With very fine feldspathic lithic sandstone, and thin layers of lenses of fine-grained sandstone.

The Conjola Formation dominates the geology in areas such as Pebbly Beach in Murramarang National Park and Turmeil on the Princes Highway, where spotted gum forests occur. Milton Monzonite is an igneous intrusion through the formation.

Feldspar
Feldspar (/ˈfɛl(d).ˌspɑːr/ FEL(D)-spar; sometimes spelled felspar) is a group of rock-forming aluminium tectosilicate minerals, also containing other cations such as sodium, calcium, potassium, or barium. The most common members of the feldspar group are the plagioclase (sodium-calcium) feldspars and the alkali (potassium-sodium) feldspars. Feldspars make up about 60% of the Earth's crust and 41% of the Earth's continental crust by weight.

Feldspars crystallize from magma as both intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks and are also present in many types of metamorphic rock. Rock formed almost entirely of calcic plagioclase feldspar is known as anorthosite. Feldspars are also found in many types of sedimentary rocks.