hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chunkappara
Chunkappara is a small town in the Pathanamthitta district of Kerala state, South India. Chunkappara is situated 26 km (16 mi) east of Thiruvalla, where the nearest railway station is located. Other neighbouring towns include Kanjirappally, Manimala, Ranny, Mallappally, Karukachal and Erumely.

Karukachal
Karukachal is a fast-growing town in Changanassery Taluk in Kottayam district of Kerala state in India. The name "Karukachal" was coined from the words "Karuka"(Karukapullu in Malayalam) which is a type of grass which grew in plenty and "chal" meaning a small body of flowing water. Karukachal in Changanacherry-Vazhoor Road which is almost a century old. The next nearest town, Chanaganasserry, is 14 km (8.7 mi) & Kottayam is 20 km from Karukachal.
Patricia Remak
Patricia Joan Remak-Boerenstam (born 16 July 1965) is a former Dutch civil servant and politician of Surinamese descent. As a member of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD) she was a Ward Alderman (stadsdeelwethouder) of the ward (stadsdeel) Amsterdam-Zuidoost from 1997 to 1998, a member of the House of Representatives from 1998 to 2002 and a member of the Provincial Council of North Holland from 2003 to 2007 (from 2005 as an independent). In 2008 she was convicted of fraud.

Urban districts of the Netherlands
A stadsdeel (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈstɑtsdeːl] ⓘ; pl. stadsdelen; lit. 'city part') is the name used for urban or municipality districts in some of the larger municipalities of the Netherlands.

Amsterdam calls 7 of its 8 deelgemeenten stadsdeel.  They form a level of government, both executive (stadsdeelwethouders) and legislative (Stadsdeelraad, a council elected by the inhabitants), and can therefore be regarded as boroughs or wards. Until 2010, Amsterdam had 15 deelgemeenten, but the number has been decreased to eight.

Eindhoven's stadsdelen correspond to the former municipalities that fused into that of Eindhoven in 1920; their use to subdivide Eindhoven is standard on traffic signs and in official documents and publications, but they have no political or administrative independence.
Landon H. Rowland
Landon Hill Rowland (May 20, 1937 – December 28, 2015) was the fifteenth president of Kansas City Southern Railway and a Kansas City philanthropist.

As a child, his family moved to Portsmouth, Virginia, during World War II, then to Wilmington, Delaware, when he was 13, after his father died. He started working after school around this time, which would impact his life in two important ways: he was exposed to the asbestos that ultimately would cause his death from cancer, but his family's struggles also gave him the drive to succeed and to be able to take care of others.

Rowland graduated from Dartmouth College with a degree in English Literature, then from Harvard Law School with a JD in 1962. He married the former Sarah Fidler in 1959, and they had three children survive infancy: Liza, Matthew, and Joshua.

Rowland died on December 28, 2015, aged 78.

Portsmouth, Virginia
Portsmouth is an independent city in southeastern Virginia, United States. It lies across the Elizabeth River from Norfolk. As of the 2020 census, the population was 97,915. It is the ninth-most populous city in Virginia and is part of the Hampton Roads metropolitan area. Due to its strategic location, the city has long been associated with the United States Armed Forces, particularly the Navy. The Norfolk Naval Shipyard is a historic and active Navy facility located in Portsmouth.
Beta Technologies
Beta Technologies, Inc. (stylized as BETA Technologies), is a South Burlington, Vermont-based aerospace manufacturer developing electric vertical take off and landing (eVTOL) and electric conventional take-off and landing (eCTOL) aircraft for the cargo, medical passenger, and military aviation industries. The company has also developed a network of chargers which can supply power to their aircraft and other electric vehicles.  Training programs for future electric aircraft pilots and maintainers are also provided.

The company was founded by Kyle Clark in 2017 and by late 2024 had more than 800 employees. Its CX300 production aircraft received    special airworthiness certification from the FAA in November 2024. It made the U.S.'s first passenger-carrying flight by an electric aircraft in June 2025.

South Burlington, Vermont
South Burlington is a city in Chittenden County, Vermont, United States. Along with neighboring Burlington, it is a principal city of the Burlington metropolitan area. As of the 2020 U.S. census, the population was 20,292, making it the second-most populous city in Vermont after Burlington. It is home to the headquarters of Ben & Jerry's and the state of Vermont's largest mall, the University Mall.
Sorin Trofin
Ionel Sorin Trofin (born 31 January 1976) is a Romanian footballer who plays as a midfielder and also manages Liga IV club Moinești since 2009. In his career Trofin played in Liga I for: FCM Bacău, Farul Constanţa and Dacia Mioveni.

Liga IV
Liga IV is the fourth level of the Romanian football league system and is run in all 41 counties and in the Municipality of Bucharest. It was known as the Regional Championship, County Championship, Divizia C – County Phase and Divizia D. Its name was changed into Liga IV before the start of the 2006–07 season.
Howard Webb
Howard Melton Webb MBE (born 14 July 1971) is an English former professional football referee who officiated primarily in the Premier League from 2003 to 2014, as well as for FIFA as a FIFA international referee from 2005 to 2014.

Webb is counted amongst the all-time top referees by the International Federation of Football History and Statistics and refereed a number of notable matches in England including the FA Cup final, the FA Community Shield and the final of the League Cup. In 2010, he became the first person to referee the finals of both the UEFA Champions League and FIFA World Cup in the same year.

Throughout his professional career, Webb drew praise for his authoritative and respected approach to refereeing from football bodies, pundits, colleagues, players and managers. He announced his retirement in August 2014 to become the technical director of the Professional Game Match Officials Board.

FIFA International Referees List
The FIFA International Referees List is an annual publication of the global list of FIFA international referees in the football-variants controlled by FIFA – association football (outdoor football), futsal and beach soccer. Members of the list are qualified to officiate at international level and are entitled to wear on their uniform for the year in which they listed.
Chaetosiphon fragaefolii
Chaetosiphon fragaefolii, the strawberry aphid, is a bug species in the genus Chaetosiphon found in the United States (Arizona), Argentina and Chile.

Chaetosiphon fragaefolii, along with C. thomasi and C. jacobi, is a vector of the strawberry mild yellow-edge virus.

Strawberry mild yellow-edge virus
Strawberry mild yellow-edge virus (SMYEV) is a pathogenic plant virus in the family Alphaflexiviridae, genus Potexvirus. It is a common virus that infects strawberries globally and can cause up to a 30% loss in yield. Symptoms of infection in strawberries include dwarfing, marginal chlorosis, leaf distortion, and small fruit size. SMYEV is transmitted by strawberry aphids of the genus Chaetosiphon. It is an RNA virus, with a positive-sense, single-stranded RNA genome about 6 kilobases in length.
Snow Lake lithium mine
Snow Lake lithium mine is a proposed lithium mine expected to be located on a 55,000-acre site 400 miles north of Winnipeg, Canada. The mine is proposed to be operated using 100% electric power, via hydropower and electric equipment. The mine intends to process the lithium ore into 6% spodumene. It signed a memorandum of understanding to supply Korean battery maker LG, at a nearby hydroxide processing plant.

The company hopes to supply around 160,000 tons of spodumene per year. The mine is planned to open in 2025 or 2026.

It will be a hard rock mine rather than processing lithium brine.

Electric mining equipment is to be supplied by Swedish company Epiroc.

The mine's 160,000-ton output is hoped to be sufficient to make batteries for around 500,000 electric cars annually.

The site is near the Arctic Gateway railway which offers transport to US manufacturing centers.

Epiroc
Epiroc AB is a Swedish manufacturer of mining and infrastructure equipment. It is headquartered in Stockholm, Sweden and has its manufacturing facilities in Sweden, the United States, Canada, Australia, China, India, Japan, and Germany.
Grudziądz Fortress
Grudziądz Fortress or Fort Grudziądz is a system of Prussian forts, mainly from the 19th century, located in the area of Grudziądz and surrounding towns. The purpose of the fortress was to defend Grudziądz and the strategic bridge over the Vistula river in case of Russian attacks.

Its central point is the Citadel, known by Germans as Courbière's Fortress (German: Feste Courbiere) – a stronghold in the northern part of the city, the construction of which began on 6 June 1776, on the order of King Frederick the Great of Prussia. Other forts were built at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries.

Most of the fortifications were only used in 1806, 1807, and 1945. Many of them, including the Citadel, have been preserved to this day in good condition. Fragments of the fortifications are accessible to visitors.

Bergfried
Bergfried (plural: bergfriede; English: belfry; French: tour-beffroi; Italian: torrione; Castilian: torre del homenaje) is a tall tower that is typically found in castles of the Middle Ages in German-speaking countries and in countries under German influence. Stephen Friar in the Sutton Companion to Castles describes a bergfried  as a "free-standing, fighting-tower". Its defensive function is to some extent similar to that of a keep (also known as a donjon) in English or French castles. However, the characteristic difference between a bergfried and a keep is that a bergfried was typically not designed for permanent habitation.
Mixtape Messiah 7
Mixtape Messiah 7 is a mixtape by southern rapper Chamillionaire. It is also the final mixtape in the Mixtape Messiah series.  Disc 1 was mixed by Michael "5000" Watts and disc 2 was mixed by Rapic Ric. Chamillionaire later released a chopped and screwed version of various tracks from the album (disc 3), and also a regular speed version of the chopped and screwed CD (disc 4).

Southern hip-hop
Southern hip-hop, also known as Southern rap, South Coast hip-hop, or dirty south, is a blanket term for a regional genre of American hip-hop music that emerged in the Southern United States, especially in Georgia, Texas, Louisiana, Tennessee, and Florida—often titled "The Big 5," five states which constitute the "Southern Network" in rap music.

The music was a reaction to the 1980s flow of hip-hop culture from New York City and the Los Angeles area and can be considered the third major American hip-hop scene, alongside East Coast and West Coast hip-hop. Many early Southern rap artists released their music independently or on mixtapes after encountering difficulty securing record-label contracts in the 1990s. By the early 2000s, many Southern artists had attained success, and as the decade went on, both mainstream and underground varieties of Southern hip-hop became among the most popular and influential of the entire genre.
Marla Pennington
Marla Lynn Pennington (born March 5, 1954) is an American former actress. She is best known for her role as Joan Anderson Lawson on Small Wonder, her last acting role to date.

Her other television credits include Soap, Diff'rent Strokes, Magnum, P.I., Charlie's Angels, Happy Days, The Incredible Hulk, and General Hospital. Pennington's film credits include National Lampoon's Class Reunion, and The Day of the Locust.

While Small Wonder was her last acting role, she appeared in a brief reunion with her co-stars on The Morning Show with Mike and Juliet on January 14, 2009. She provided commentary to the Small Wonder season 1 DVD set, released in February 2010.

In 1988, Pennington married entertainment lawyer Tom Rowan, son of comedian Dan Rowan (of Rowan and Martin fame) with whom she had a son, Dan, and a daughter, Kat. Upon Small Wonder ending in 1989, she retired from acting to devote time to her family. Rowan died in 2021, leaving Pennington a widow.

The Day of the Locust (film)
The Day of the Locust is a 1975 American satirical historical drama film directed by John Schlesinger. It stars Donald Sutherland, Karen Black, William Atherton, Burgess Meredith, Richard Dysart, John Hillerman, and Geraldine Page.

Set in Hollywood, California, just before World War II, the film conveys the alienation and desperation of a disparate group of people whose dreams of success do not come true. The screenplay by Waldo Salt is based on the 1939 novel of the same title by Nathanael West.

The Day of the Locust garnered scholarly attention for its nightmarish depiction and acerbic commentary of the Hollywood film industry, and critical attention for its visually implicit horror elements.
Bertolini
Bertolini is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Adrián Bertolini (born 1978), Uruguayan basketball player

Alessandro Bertolini (born 1971), cyclist

Andrea Bertolini (born 1973), race car driver

Christopher Bertolini, American film writer and producer

Gioele Bertolini (born 1995), Italian cyclist

Jack Bertolini (1934–2021), Scottish footballer

José Elguero Bertolini (born 1934), Spanish chemist

Luigi Bertolini (1904–1977), football player

Mark Bertolini (born 1956), American business executive

Massimo Bertolini (born 1974), Italian tennis player

Michelle Bertolini (born 1994), Venezuelan tennis player

Milena Bertolini (born 1966), Italian football player and manager

Pietro Bertolini (1859–1920), Italian statesman

Roberto Bertolini (born 1985), Italian javelin thrower

Veronica Bertolini (born 1995), Italian gymnast

Mark Bertolini
Mark T. Bertolini (born 1956) is an American business executive who has been the CEO of Oscar Health, a tech-driven health insurance company located in New York, since 2023. He was the co-CEO of Bridgewater Associates, one of the world's largest hedge funds, and was previously the CEO of Aetna, a Fortune 50 diversified health care benefits company with over $60 billion in 2015 revenue. Bertolini assumed the role of CEO in November 2010 and of chairman in April 2011, until Aetna was sold to CVS in November 2018. He is also the chairman of Verizon since October 2025.
Classic Anne Briggs
Classic Anne Briggs is a compilation album by Anne Briggs, released by Topic Records in 1990.

The recordings are drawn from The Iron Muse (1963), The Hazards of Love (1964), The Bird in the Bush (Traditional Erotic Songs) (1966) and Anne Briggs (1971).

Topic Records
Topic Records is a British folk music label, which played a major role in the second British folk revival. It began as an offshoot of the Workers' Music Association in 1939, making it the oldest independent record label in the world.
Benoit Valentin
Benoit Valentin (born 8 December 1992 in Écully) is a French freestyle skier, specializing in halfpipe.

Valentin competed at the 2014 Winter Olympics for France. He placed 3rd in the qualifying round in the halfpipe, advancing to the final. He finished 10th in the final, with a best run of 61.00 points.

As of April 2014, his best showing at the World Championships is 8th, in the 2011 halfpipe.

Valentin made his World Cup debut in January 2008. As of April 2014, he has four World Cup podium finishes, with his best results a pair of silver medals in 2010–11. He won the World Cup Crystal Globe, finishing 1st in halfpipe in 2010–11.

FIS Freestyle World Ski Championships
The FIS Freestyle World Ski Championships is the world championship organized by the FIS for freestyle skiing. It was first organized in 1986 and is now held every odd year. Currently, the disciplines included in the World Championships are Aerials, Moguls, Dual Moguls, Ski cross, Half-pipe, Slopestyle and Big air. Formerly, Acroski and a combined event were held.
Bach to Baby
Bach to Baby  is a classical music concert series aimed at families with children under 5. It was founded in London, in 2011 by Miaomiao Yu, a classical concert pianist, and runs concerts across England. The series welcomes children of all ages, and imposes no behavioural expectations on the children.

The concert series has focused on presenting a wide repertoire with high artistic standards, which has led to performances at the Royal Albert Hall, Colston Hall, and collaborations with the Rambert Dance Company and the London Mozart Players. Recent performers have included Simon Wallfisch, Anne Denholm, Fenella Humphreys, Gabriella Swallow.

The series has brought classical music to audiences who previously might not have considered this genre to be relevant to them.

Rambert Dance Company
Rambert (known as Rambert Dance Company before 2014) is a British dance company.  Formed at the start of the 20th century as a classical ballet company, it exerted a great deal of influence on the development of dance in the United Kingdom, and today, as a contemporary dance company, continues to be one of the world's most renowned dance companies.  It has previously been known as the Ballet Club, and the Ballet Rambert.
Depi Evratesil
Depi Evratesil (Armenian: Դեպի Եվրատեսիլ, pronounced [dɛˈpi jɛvɾɑtɛˈsil], lit. 'Towards Eurovision') is an Armenian music entertainment show created by Public Television of Armenia (AMPTV). It was used as the Armenian national selection for the Eurovision Song Contest in 2017, 2018, 2020, and 2025.

Its first season concluded on 24 December 2016 with the selection of Artsvik as Armenia's Eurovision representative. The second season took place in 2018, and selected Sevak Khanagyan with the song "Qami". In 2019, the show was not renewed for a third season, and the Armenian entry for the contest was selected internally. The show returned for a third season in 2020 and a fourth season in 2025.

Public Television Company of Armenia
Public Television of Armenia (Armenian: Հայաստանի Հանրային Հեռուստաընկերություն, romanized: Hayastani Hanrayin Herrustaynkerut'yun; 1TV), also known as AMPTV or ARMTV, is an Armenian public television station that began transmissions in 1956.
Hunayn (name)
Hunayn (Arabic: حُنَين) is an Arabic name.

People named so include:

Hunayn ibn Ishaq (809-73), scholar, physician, and scientist

Ishaq ibn Hunayn (c. 830 – c. 910/11), physician and translator, son of Hunayn ibn Ishaq

Arabic name
Arabic names have historically been based on a long naming system. Many people from Arabic-speaking and also non-Arab Muslim countries have not had given, middle, and family names but rather a chain of names. This system remains in use throughout the Arab and Muslim worlds.
Central Arc Thoroughfare
Central Arc Thoroughfare (Rus. Центральная дуговая магистраль) in Saint Petersburg, Russia, is a semicircular (reverse C-shaped) chain of streets, designed to connect two motorways to and from the city and bypassing downtown through centers of mass residential areas built up from the 1960s.

The two motorways connect the city with local seaside towns along the coast of the Gulf of Finland, Primorskoye Shosse motorway going along the north shore towards the town of Primorsk not far from Finland, and Petergofskoye Shosse following the south coast through the town of Peterhof. The motorways start from the northwest (Primorskoye) and southwest (Petergofskoye)  of the city respectively.

The Thoroughfare in its south often repeats the course of the frontline of the times of the 1941–44 Siege of Leningrad that divided Soviet troops from the troops of Nazi Germany and its satellite nations.

Primorsk, Leningrad Oblast
Primorsk (Russian: Примо́рск; Finnish: Koivisto; Swedish: Björkö) is a coastal town in Vyborgsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia and is the second largest Russian port on the Baltic, after St. Petersburg. It is located on the Karelian Isthmus, 137 kilometers (85 mi) west of St. Petersburg, at the northern coast of the Gulf of Finland, near Beryozovye Islands (Finnish: Koivusaari (Koivistonsaari), Tiurinsaari ja Piisaari; Swedish: Björkö) which are protected as a sea bird sanctuary.  Population:  6,119 (2010 census); 5,332 (2002 census); 6,637 (1989 Soviet census).
Godwin Hall
Godwin Hall is a building on the campus of James Madison University in Harrisonburg, Virginia, housing the School of Kinesiology, the School of Theatre and Dance, and the JMU Athletics department.  It is named after Virginia governor Mills E. Godwin, and his wife and JMU alumna Katherine Godwin.

The building is home to Sinclair Gymnasium, a 5,000 seat multi-purpose arena, named for Caroline Sinclair, who was the head of the physical education department at the time.  It was home to the James Madison Dukes basketball team until the James Madison University Convocation Center opened in 1982.  The building also houses Savage Natatorium, an Olympic-size swimming pool, with seats for 800 spectators.  The facility was named for Dorothy Savage, a former physical education instructor.

Kinesiology
Kinesiology (from Ancient Greek  κίνησις (kínēsis) 'movement' and  -λογία -logía 'study of') is the scientific study of human body movement. Kinesiology addresses physiological, anatomical, biomechanical, pathological, neuropsychological principles and mechanisms of movement. Applications of kinesiology to human health include biomechanics and orthopedics; strength and conditioning; sport psychology; motor control; skill acquisition and motor learning; methods of rehabilitation, such as physical and occupational therapy; and sport and exercise physiology. Studies of human and animal motion include measures from motion tracking systems, electrophysiology of muscle and brain activity, various methods for monitoring physiological function, and other behavioral and cognitive research techniques.
Christian Francois
Cristian Francois (born October 2, 1985) is a male beach volleyball and volleyball player from Trinidad and Tobago.

He played in the men's competition at the NORCECA Beach Volleyball Circuit 2007 in Guatemala City, partnering with Sean Morrison and during the 2009 season playing with Kevin Rivers

He won the 2008 National Beach Volleyball Championship playing with Kevin Rivers and the bronze medal at the Sizzlin Sand Beach Volleyball Tour 2008 in Antigua
.

In Indoor volleyball, he participated in the 2006 Central American and Caribbean Games and Pan-American Cup 2008 with his National team.

2008 Men's Pan-American Volleyball Cup
The 2008 Pan-American Volleyball Cup was the third edition of the annual men's volleyball tournament, played by seven countries from June 2 to June 7, 2008, in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. The winner of each pool automatically advanced to the semi-finals and the teams placed in second and third met in crossed matches in the quarterfinals round.
1936 Cork Senior Football Championship
The 1936 Cork Senior Football Championship was the 48th staging of the Cork Senior Football Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1887.

Macroom entered the championship as the defending champions.

On 16 August 1936, Duhallow West won the championship following a 2–05 to 0–02 defeat of Clonakilty in the final at the Mardyke. This was their first ever championship title.

Mardyke (UCC)
The Mardyke, also referred as the Mardyke Sports Ground, is the main sports campus of University College Cork (UCC), located at the western end of the Mardyke area near Cork city centre. The grounds and fitness facilities used by sports team representing, the general student body, and members of the public. Outdoors, there are floodlit grass and all-weather pitches, used for soccer, rugby union, Gaelic games, and hockey. Kayakers train in the adjacent North channel of the River Lee. There is a tartan track for athletics, where the Cork City Sports are held annually. The most notable performance came in the hammer throw on 3 July 1984, when the world record was broken six times in one evening by  Yuriy Sedykh and Sergey Litvinov.