hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Asano contraction
In complex analysis, a discipline in mathematics, and in statistical physics, the Asano contraction or Asano–Ruelle contraction is a transformation on a separately affine multivariate polynomial. It was first presented in 1970 by Taro Asano to prove the Lee–Yang theorem in the Heisenberg spin model case. This also yielded a simple proof of the Lee–Yang theorem in the Ising model. David Ruelle proved a general theorem relating the location of the roots of a contracted polynomial to that of the original. Asano contractions have also been used to study polynomials in graph theory.

David Ruelle
David Pierre Ruelle (French: [david pjɛʁ ʁɥɛl]; born 20 August 1935) is a Belgian and naturalized French mathematical physicist. He has worked on statistical physics and dynamical systems. With Floris Takens, Ruelle coined the term strange attractor, and developed a new theory of turbulence.
Terra Incognita (Chris Whitley album)
Terra Incognita is the third studio album by singer-songwriter and guitarist, Chris Whitley, released in 1997.

It was produced primarily by Chris Whitley, Toby Wright, and Dougie Bowne. The album was recorded primarily by Mark Howard (assisted by Wayne Lorenz) at Boulevard Teatro in Oxnard, California. It was mixed primarily by Toby Wright (assisted by John Seymour) at Electric Lady Studios in New York City.

Additional recording was done by Dinky Dawson at the Best Western Highway Inn in Salem, Oregon ("As Flat as the Earth (exp)"), by Chris Whitley at the Sheffield Holiday Inn in Sheffield, Alabama ("Immortal Blues"), and by Toby Wright at Electric Lady Studios in New York City ("Alien").

Additional production and mixing on "Automatic" was done by Michael Barbiero.

The album's title was inspired by Dime-Store Alchemy: The Art of Joseph Cornell by Charles Simic.

Holiday Inn
Holiday Inn by IHG is an American chain of hotels based in Atlanta, Georgia and a brand of IHG Hotels & Resorts. The chain was founded in 1952 by Kemmons Wilson (1913–2003), who opened the first location in Memphis, Tennessee. The chain was a division of Bass Brewery from 1988 to 2000, Six Continents from 2000 to 2003, and IHG Hotels & Resorts since 2003. It operates hotels under the names Holiday Inn, Holiday Inn Express, Holiday Inn Club Vacations, and Holiday Inn Resorts. As of 2018, Holiday Inn has hotels at over 1,100 locations.
Prosper Portland
Prosper Portland, formerly the Portland Development Commission (PDC), is the community development corporation created by the city of Portland, Oregon. It promotes development, housing projects and economic development within the city's eleven urban renewal districts.

As of 2025, Prosper Portland is overseen by the city’s Community & Economic Development service area, led by Deputy City Administrator for Community and Economic Development Donnie Oliveira.

In February 2025, Prosper Portland issued a loan that did not meet its own risk guidelines to a startup athletic wear company called Made in Old Town. Applications by Made in Old Town for additional funding were denied by Oregon regional government Portland Metro and the Clean Energy Fund.

Community development corporation
A Community Development Corporation (CDC) is a not-for-profit organization incorporated to provide programs, offer services and engage in other activities that promote and support community development. CDCs usually serve a geographic location such as a neighborhood or a town. They often focus on serving lower-income residents or struggling neighborhoods. They can be involved in a variety of activities including economic development, education, community organizing and real estate development. These organizations are often associated with the development of affordable housing.

The first community development corporation in the United States was the Bedford Stuyvesant Restoration Corporation.
Rayadanda
Rayadanda is a village development committee in Baglung District in the Dhaulagiri Zone of central Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 2,492 and had 480 houses in the village.

Dhaulagiri Zone
Dhaulagiri (Nepali: धौलागिरी अञ्चल Listenⓘ) was one of the fourteen zones which Nepal was divided into for administrative purposes, prior to the September 10, 2015 adoption of a new Constitution, which divided the nation instead into 7 provinces.  It is in the Western Development Region of Nepal and its headquarters are Baglung. Famous trekking areas like Mustang, Muktinath, Kali Gandaki valley and Mt Dhaulagiri fall in this zone. Dhorpatan Hunting Reserve, the only hunting reserve in Nepal is spread over Baglung and Myagdi Districts of this zone.
David Nelson (Alaska politician)
David Nelson (born August 13, 1996) is an American politician who is a member of the Alaska House of Representatives from the 18th district. A Republican, he previously represented the 15th district from 2021 to 2023. He was defeated by Democrat Cliff Groh in 2022, but defeated Groh for the seat in 2024.

Alaska Republican Party
The Alaska Republican Party is the affiliate of the Republican Party in Alaska, headquartered in Anchorage.

It is currently the favored party in the state, controlling both of Alaska's U.S. Senate seats and the governorship. Republican presidential nominees have won Alaska in recent elections; the last and only Democrat to carry Alaska was Lyndon B. Johnson in 1964.
New York Velodrome
The New York Velodrome  was a state-of-the-art bicycle track at 225th Street, between Exterior Street and Broadway within the Kingsbridge and Kingsbridge Heights neighborhoods of the Bronx.  It bordered the Marble Hill neighborhood.  After the surrounding of Marble Hill was filled in and merged to the Bronx or the mainland, the space filled in became part of Kingsbridge.  The velodrome was built on top of the new land that was available.  The New York and Putnam Railroad stopped in front of it at the Kingsbridge Station (a building that still stands today).  The Velodrome was one of the largest velodromes in the world.  It became a popular destination for professional cyclist. The velodrome was destroyed in a fire on August 4, 1930.

Years later, different businesses were built on top of the site.  Today, the parking garage and Target store section of the River Plaza (Shopping Mall) is present.

New York and Putnam Railroad
The New York and Putnam Railroad, nicknamed the Old Put, was a railroad line that opened in 1881 between the Bronx and Brewster in New York State. In 1894, it was acquired by the New York Central system along with the nearby Hudson River Railroad and New York and Harlem Railroad. Starting in 1958, the railroad began to be incrementally abandoned. Today most of its former roadbed has been converted to rail trails.
White, Ontario
White is an unincorporated place and railway point in Unorganized Kenora District in northwestern Ontario, Canada.

The place lies on the Canadian National Railway transcontinental main line, between Rice Lake to the west and Copelands Landing to the east, and is passed but not served by Via Rail transcontinental Canadian trains.

Northwestern Ontario
Northwestern Ontario is a secondary region of Northern Ontario in the Canadian province of Ontario which lies north and west of Lake Superior and west of Hudson Bay and James Bay. It includes most of subarctic Ontario. Its western boundary is the Canadian province of Manitoba, which disputed Ontario's claim to the western part of the region. Ontario's right to Northwestern Ontario was determined by the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council in 1884 and confirmed by the Canada (Ontario Boundary) Act, 1889, of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. In 1912, the Parliament of Canada by the Ontario Boundaries Extension Act gave jurisdiction over the District of Patricia to Ontario, thereby extending the northern boundary of the province to Hudson Bay.
Cyanoboletus sinopulverulentus
Cyanoboletus sinopulverulentus is a species of bolete fungus in the family Boletaceae. Described as new to science in 2013, it is found in Shaanxi Province, central China. It is a member of the Cyanoboletus pulverulentus species complex. It was originally named as a species of Boletus in 2013 before being transferred to Cyanoboletus in 2014.

Bolete
A bolete is a type of mushroom, or fungal fruiting body. It can be identified thanks to a unique cap. On the underside of the cap there is usually a spongy surface with pores, instead of the gills typical of mushrooms. A similar pore surface is found in polypores, but these species generally have a different physical structure from boletes, and have different microscopic characteristics than boletes. Many polypores have much firmer, often woody, flesh.

"Bolete" is the English common name for fungus species with caps that have this appearance.

Some, but not all boletes bruise blue.
Ballyscullion House
Ballyscullion House refers to two country houses built for the Hervey family near Bellaghy in County Londonderry, Northern Ireland, close to Lough Beg at north-west corner of Lough Neagh.

The first Ballyscullion House, sometimes called "Bishop's Folly", was a large house intended for Frederick Hervey, 4th Earl of Bristol and Bishop of Derry.  Construction began in 1787 but it was not completed when he died in Italy in 1803.  His heir decided to live at his other Irish house, Downhill House, also in County Londonderry, and the partially built Ballyscullion House was demolished by 1825.

A second and much smaller Ballyscullion House was built in 1840 for Admiral Sir Henry William Bruce, and is now owned by the Mulholland family.  A military camp was built on the estate in the Second World War by the 202nd Engineering Combat Battalion and occupied by the US 82nd Airborne Division before D-Day.

Lough Neagh
Lough Neagh (/lɒx ˈneɪ/ lokh NAY; Irish: Loch nEathach [l̪ˠɔx ˈn̠ʲaha(x)]) is a freshwater lake in Northern Ireland and is the largest lake on the island of Ireland and in the British Isles. It has a surface area of 148 square miles (383 square kilometres) and is about 19 miles (31 km) long and 9 miles (14 km) wide. According to Northern Ireland Water, it supplies 40.7% of Northern Ireland's drinking water.

Its main inflows are the Upper River Bann and Blackwater, and its main outflow is the Lower Bann. There are several small islands, including Ram's Island, Coney Island and Derrywarragh Island. The lake bed is owned by the 12th Earl of Shaftesbury and the lake is managed by Lough Neagh Partnership. Its name comes from Irish Loch nEachach [ˌl̪ˠɔx ˈn̠ʲahəx], meaning "Eachaidh's lake".
James Williams House (Kenton, Delaware)
The James Williams House is a historic home and farm complex in Kenton, Kent County, Delaware. The house was built in 1848 and is a two-story, five-bay, center-hall plan brick dwelling with Greek Revival details. It has a rear wing. The front facade features a three-bay porch with chamfered posts and sawn decorative brackets dated to the 1880s. Also on the property are a contributing barn, granary, and outhouse.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

Granary
A granary, also known as a grain house and historically as a granarium in Latin, is a post-harvest storage building primarily for grains or seeds. Granaries are typically built above the ground to prevent spoilage and protect the stored grains or seeds from rodents, pests, floods, and adverse weather conditions. They also assist in drying the grains to prevent mold growth. Modern granaries may incorporate advanced ventilation and temperature control systems to preserve the quality of the stored grains.
Agnes Devanadera
Agnes Vicenta Salayo Torres-Devanadera (born April 5, 1950), also known as Agnes VST Devanadera, is a Filipina lawyer and politician who is currently the president and CEO of Clark Development Corporation since her appointment by Bongbong Marcos in 2022. She previously served as the chairperson of the Energy Regulatory Commission (ERC) from 2017 to 2022 during the Duterte administration. During the Arroyo administration, she served as the Solicitor General of the Philippines, the first woman to hold the post. She was also the acting Secretary of Justice on two short stints.

Associate justice
An associate justice or associate judge  (or simply associate) is a judge of a court other than the chief justice in some jurisdictions. The title "Associate Justice" is used for members of the Supreme Court of the United States and some state supreme courts, and for some other courts in Commonwealth of Nations countries, as well as for members of the Supreme Court of the Federated States of Micronesia, a former United States Trust Territory. In other common law jurisdictions, the equivalent position is called "Puisne Justice".

In several Canadian courts, the term "associate judge" has the same meaning as a Master (judiciary).
Toronto Awaba Stags FC
Toronto Awaba Football Club are an Australian semi-professional football club based in Toronto, Newcastle, Australia. The club are currently playing in the second division in the Northern New South Wales football leagues known as Northern League One. The club was relegated from the NBN State Football League at the end of the 2010 season. The club won the 2023 Northern League One minor premiership and reached the 2024 promotion/relegation final.

National Premier Leagues Northern NSW
The National Premier Leagues Northern NSW (NPL NNSW) is a semi-professional soccer competition in Northern New South Wales. The competition is conducted by Northern NSW Football, one of two organizing bodies in New South Wales (the other being the National Premier Leagues NSW organized by Football NSW). The league is a subdivision of the second tier National Premier Leagues (NPL), which sits below the national A-League. Prior to 2014, the league was known as the Northern NSW State Football League (1998-2013) and Northern First Division (1959-1997).
Special Police Squad "Bosna"
Special Police Squad "Bosna" was a special forces unit of the Ministry of Interior of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina and a part of the Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the official military of the wartime government of Bosnia.

Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina
The Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Bosnian: Armija Republike Bosne i Hercegovine; Cyrillic: Армија Републике Босне и Херцеговине; ARBiH), often referred to as Bosnian Army, was the military force of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It was established by the government of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1992 following the outbreak of the Bosnian War.

Following the end of the war, and the signing of the Dayton Peace Agreement in 1995, it was transformed into the Army of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The ARBiH was the only military force on the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina recognised as legal by other governments. Under the State Defense Reform Law the Armed Forces of Bosnia and Herzegovina were unified into a single structure, the Armed Forces of Bosnia and Herzegovina (OSBiH), making entity armies defunct.
Potentilla robbinsiana
Potentilla robbinsiana, the dwarf mountain cinquefoil  or Robbins' cinquefoil, is a small yellow-flowered perennial growing exclusively above the tree line in the White Mountains  of New Hampshire. It is nearly stemless and measures two to four centimeters in diameter.

Tree line
The tree line is the edge of a habitat at which trees are capable of growing and beyond which they are not. It is found at high elevations and high latitudes. Beyond the tree line, trees cannot tolerate the environmental conditions (usually low temperatures, extreme snowpack, or associated lack of available moisture).: 51  The tree line is sometimes distinguished from a lower timberline, which is the line below which trees form a forest with a closed canopy.: 151 : 18

At the tree line, tree growth is often sparse, stunted, and deformed by wind and cold. This is sometimes known as krummholz (German for "crooked wood").: 58

The tree line often appears well-defined, but it can be a more gradual transition. Trees grow shorter and often at lower densities as they approach the tree line, above which they are unable to grow at all.: 55  Given a certain latitude, the tree line is approximately 300 to 1000 meters below the permanent snow line and roughly parallel to it.
Forest Hill (Amherst, Virginia)
Forest Hill is a historic home located near Amherst, Amherst County, Virginia.  The original section was built about 1803, with two-story wings added later in the 19th century.  It is a two-story, frame I-house with interior Federal style detailing. Also on the property are the contributing tobacco barn (c. 1900), smokehouse (c. 1800), tenant house (c. 1900), corncrib (c. 1800), crib barn (c. 1800), and tool shed (c. 1900).

In 1847, owner William Waller, aged 58, walked from Forest Hill to Louisiana with about 20 slaves for sale. His letters home during the trip, held by the Virginia Historical Society, provide rare documentation of a slave coffle.

Forest Hill was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2006.

Virginia Historical Society
The Virginia Museum of History and Culture founded in 1831 as the Virginia Historical and Philosophical Society and headquartered in Richmond, Virginia, is a major repository, research, and teaching center for Virginia history. It is a private, non-profit organization, supported almost entirely by private contributions. In 2004, it was designated the official state historical society of the Commonwealth of Virginia.

The historical society's headquarters was renamed from Virginia Historical Society to the Virginia Museum of History and Culture in 2018.

The museum features exhibitions and programming for visitors of all ages and has more than 25,000 square feet (2,300 m2) of exhibition gallery space and the largest display of Virginia artifacts on permanent view. The Virginia Museum of History & Culture is the only museum with all of Virginia's history under one roof—all centuries, regions, and topics are covered.
Isle a la Cache
Isle a la Cache, a 101-acre riparian island, is located in the Des Plaines River in Romeoville, Illinois.  The island is a forest preserve, owned and operated by the Forest Preserve District of Will County.  The county has built the Isle a la Cache Museum on the island in celebration of the island's heritage in the North American fur trade.

Des Plaines River
The Des Plaines River (/dɪsˈpleɪnz/ diss-PLAYNZ) (French: Rivière des Plaines) is a river that flows southward for 133 miles (214 km) through southern Wisconsin and northern Illinois in the United States Midwest, eventually meeting the Kankakee River west of Channahon to form the Illinois River, a tributary of the Mississippi River.

Native Americans used the river as transportation route and portage.  When French explorers and missionaries arrived in the 1600s, in what was then the Illinois Country of New France, they named the waterway La Rivière des Plaines (River of the Plains).  The local Native Americans showed these early European explorers how to traverse waterways of the Des Plaines watershed to travel from Lake Michigan to the Mississippi River and its valley.

Parts of the river are now part of the Illinois Waterway and the Chicago Area Waterway System.
United States Post Office (Richfield Springs, New York)
US Post Office-Richfield Springs is a historic post office building located at Richfield Springs in Otsego County, New York, United States. It was built in 1941–1942, and is one of a number of post offices in New York State designed by the Office of the Supervising Architect of the Treasury Department, Louis A. Simon.

It is one story, five bay building with a granite clad foundation, brick facades laid in common bond and limestone trim. The roof is surmounted by an octagonal cupola with metal window tracery and a decorative iron weathervane. The building displays Colonial Revival style details. The interior features an untitled 1942 mural by artist John W. Taylor depicting a local landscape. It is located within the East Main Street Historic District.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.

Weather vane
A wind vane, weather vane, or weathercock is a type of anemoscope used for showing the direction of the wind. It is typically used as an architectural ornament to the highest point of a building. The word vane comes from the Old English word fana, meaning "flag".

Although partly functional, wind vanes are generally decorative, often featuring the traditional cockerel design with letters indicating the points of the compass. Other common motifs include ships, arrows, and horses. Not all wind vanes have pointers. In a sufficiently strong wind, the head of the arrow or cockerel (or equivalent) will indicate the direction from which the wind is blowing.

Wind vanes are also found on small wind turbines to keep the wind turbine pointing into the wind. If employed on a boat, they are referred to as apparent wind indicators.
Insulin-like growth factor
The insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are proteins with high sequence similarity to insulin. IGFs are part of a complex system that cells use to communicate with their physiologic environment. This complex system (often referred to as the IGF "axis") consists of two cell-surface receptors (IGF1R and IGF2R), two ligands (IGF-1 and IGF-2), a family of seven high-affinity IGF-binding proteins (IGFBP1 to IGFBP7), as well as associated IGFBP degrading enzymes, referred to collectively as proteases.

Cell surface receptor
Cell surface receptors (membrane receptors, transmembrane receptors) are receptors that are embedded in the plasma membrane of cells. They act in cell signaling by receiving (binding to) extracellular molecules. They are specialized integral membrane proteins that allow communication between the cell and the extracellular space. The extracellular molecules may be hormones, neurotransmitters, cytokines, growth factors, cell adhesion molecules, or nutrients; they react with the receptor to induce changes in the metabolism and activity of a cell. In the process of signal transduction, ligand binding affects a cascading chemical change through the cell membrane.
Elocation
Elocation is the second studio album by Canadian hard rock band Default. It was released on November 25, 2003, by TVT Records. The rock album spawned three singles, including the song "(Taking My) Life Away", which aired on Muzak's Power Rock station. This album failed to match the success of their debut, but is the band's second most commercially successful album, being certified Gold in Canada. The final track, an acoustic version of "Let You Down," originally appeared on their previous album.

The album was produced by Butch Walker and Nickelback's Chad Kroeger and contains a cover of the song "Cruel" by Jeff Buckley.

Default (band)
Default is a Canadian rock band formed in Vancouver in 1999. Since forming, the band has released four albums, and has sold more than a million records. The majority of their fan base is in Canada, but they had brief mainstream success in the United States with the release of their hit single "Wasting My Time".

The group disbanded in 2013 after a hiatus following the release of their fourth album, and lead singer Dallas Smith pursued a country music solo career. In 2018, Default announced that they were back together. The band also announced a tour in support of Stone Temple Pilots and Seether, and a co-headline tour with Ages of Days. No new material has since surfaced from the band, as Smith remained active with his solo endeavors.

Between 1996 and 2016, Default was among the top 150 best-selling Canadian artists in Canada and among the top 50 best-selling Canadian bands in Canada.