hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Solone Raion
Solone Raion (Ukrainian: Солонянський район, romanized: Solonianskyi raion) was a raion (district) of Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, southeastern-central Ukraine. Its administrative centre was located at the urban-type settlement of Solone. The raion was abolished on 18 July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Dnipropetrovsk Oblast to seven. The area of Solone Raion was merged into Dnipro Raion. The last estimate of the raion population was 37,429 (2020 est.).

At the time of disestablishment, the raion consisted of three hromadas:

Novopokrovka settlement hromada with the administration in the urban-type settlement of Novopokrovka;

Solone settlement hromada with the administration in Solone;

Sviatovasylivka settlement hromada with the administration in the settlement of Sviatovasylivka.

Raions of Ukraine
A raion (Ukrainian: район, romanized: raion; pl. райони, raiony), often translated as district, is the second-level administrative division in Ukraine. Raions were created in a 1922 administrative reform of the Soviet Union, to which Ukraine, as the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, belonged.

On 17 July 2020, the Verkhovna Rada (Ukraine's parliament) approved an administrative reform to merge most of the 490 raions, along with the "cities of regional significance", which were previously outside the raions, into just 136 reformed raions. Most tasks of the raions (education, healthcare, sport facilities, culture, and social welfare) were taken over by new hromadas, the subdivisions of raions. The 136 new districts include ten in Crimea, which have been de facto outside Ukrainian control since the start of the Russo-Ukrainian War in 2014.
Julie Rydahl Bukh
Julie Rydahl Bukh (born 9 January 1982) is a Danish former football midfielder who most recently played for Brøndby IF and the Denmark national team. As well as teams in her native Denmark, Rydahl Bukh played for clubs in Sweden, Australia, and the United States. She was described by UEFA as a technically gifted and creative left-sided attacking midfielder.

2009 W-League (Australia)
The 2009 W-League season was the second season of the W-League, the Australian national women's football (soccer) competition.  The season was played over 10 rounds followed by a finals series. Sydney FC were both the champions and premiers after finishing the regular season at the top of the table and defeating Brisbane Roar 3–2 in the grand final.
Pyrkiny vähentää
"Pyrkiny vähentää" is a song by Finnish rapper Cheek. The song features an appearance by a rapper Spekti. The song serves as the first single from Cheek's seventh studio album Sokka irti. The song debuted and peaked at number ten on the Finnish Singles Chart.  A music video, directed by Juha Lankinen, was uploaded to YouTube on 16 January 2012.

Official Finnish Charts
The Official Finnish Charts (Finnish: Suomen virallinen lista; Swedish: Finlands officiella lista) are national record charts in Finland compiled and published by Musiikkituottajat – IFPI Finland. The name Suomen virallinen lista/Finlands officiella lista (lit. "the Official Finnish Chart"), which is singular in both Finnish and Swedish, is used generically to refer to both the albums and the singles chart, and the context (albums or songs) reveals which chart is meant.
Optical depth
In physics, optical depth or optical thickness is the natural logarithm of the ratio of incident to transmitted radiant power through a material.
Thus, the larger the optical depth, the smaller the amount of transmitted radiant power through the material. 
Spectral optical depth or spectral optical thickness is the natural logarithm of the ratio of incident to transmitted spectral radiant power through a material. Optical depth is dimensionless, and in particular is not a length, though it is a  monotonically increasing function of optical path length, and approaches zero as the path length approaches zero. The use of the term "optical density" for optical depth is discouraged.

In chemistry, a closely related quantity called "absorbance" or "decadic absorbance" is used instead of optical depth: the common logarithm of the ratio of incident to transmitted radiant power through a material. It is the optical depth divided by  loge(10), because of the different logarithm bases used.

Attenuation coefficient
The linear attenuation coefficient, attenuation coefficient, or narrow-beam attenuation coefficient characterizes how easily a volume of material can be penetrated by a beam of light, sound, particles, or other energy or matter. A coefficient value that is large represents a beam becoming 'attenuated' as it passes through a given medium, while a small value represents that the medium had little effect on loss. The (derived) SI unit of attenuation coefficient is the reciprocal metre (m−1). Extinction coefficient is another term for this quantity, often used in meteorology and climatology. 
The attenuation length is the reciprocal of the attenuation coefficient.
Ednaswap (album)
Ednaswap is the first album by Los Angeles band Ednaswap, released in 1995 by East West Records.

Natalie Imbruglia covered the song "Torn" for her 1997 debut album Left of the Middle. Sinéad O'Connor covered the song "The State I'm In" for her 2000 album Faith and Courage.  American-Norwegian singer Trine Rein covered both songs for her 1996 album Beneath My Skin.

Faith and Courage
Faith and Courage is the fifth studio album by Irish singer Sinéad O'Connor, released on 13 June 2000, by Atlantic Records. It was O'Connor's first release in three years, her previous album being the greatest hits compilation So Far... The Best of Sinéad O'Connor in 1997, and her first studio album in six years.

O'Connor composed a majority of the tracks on Faith and Courage and production duties were shared by a variety of artists including Wyclef Jean, David A. Stewart, Brian Eno, Kevin "She'kspere" Briggs, Anne Preven and Scott Cutler among others.
Uvula (band)
Uvula (Russian: Увула) is a Russian indie-rock band formed in 2015 by frontman Aleksey Avgustovsky and guitarist Aleksandr Smirnov. According to Avgustovsky, in 2023, they were put on a blacklist of bands in the Russian Federation and were prohibited from playing concerts at large venues. The group announced its disbandment in November 2022. [26]
However, it resumed its activity in 2025.

VK (service)
VK (short for its original name VKontakte; Russian: ВКонтакте, lit. 'InContact') is a Russian online social media and social networking service based in Saint Petersburg. VK is available in multiple languages but it is predominantly used by Russian speakers. VK users can message each other publicly or privately, edit messages, create groups, public pages, and events; share and tag images, audio, and video; and play browser-based games.

As of August 2018, VK had at least 500 million accounts. As of November 2022, it was the sixth most popular website in Russia. The network was also popular in Ukraine until it was banned by the Supreme Council in 2017.

According to Semrush, in 2024, VK was the 30th most visited website in the world; as YouTube is subject to blocking in Russia, VK Video overtook Google's top position in monthly web traffic for the first time in December 2024, as part of the major substitution to domestic business.
Fowles
Fowles is the surname of the following people:

Colin Fowles (1953−1985), Jamaican-American soccer player

Dennis Fowles (born 1951), Welsh runner

Duncan Fowles (1893−1969), Australian rugby union player

Edwin Fowles (1871−1945), Australia barrister and journalist

Glenys Fowles (born 1941 or 1946), Australian operatic soprano

Howard Fowles (1894−1973), Australian politician

Ian Fowles (born 1979), American guitarist

John Fowles (1926−2005), English writer

Joseph Fowles (1809−1878), Australian artist and educator

Leonard Fowles (1870−1939), English organist and choirmaster

Mitchell Fowles (born 1970), English cricketer

Nathan Fowles (born 1993), English rugby union player

Stacie Fowles (born 1979), Canadian writer

Sylvia Fowles (born 1985), American basketball player

Will Fowles (born 1978), Australian politician

William Fowles (1842−1880), Australian politician

Stacey May Fowles
Stacey May Fowles (born 1979) is a Canadian writer.

Fowles first novel, Be Good, was published by Tightrope Books in 2007. In fall 2008 she released an illustrated novel, Fear of Fighting, and staged a theatrical adaptation of it with Nightwood Theatre. The novel was later selected as a National Post Canada Also Reads pick for 2010.

Her writing has appeared in various magazines and journals, including The Walrus, Taddle Creek, Prism, and Kiss Machine. She has been widely anthologized in Nobody Passes: Rejecting The Rules of Gender and Conformity; First Person Queer; Yes Means Yes; I.V. Lounge Nights; and PEN Canada's Finding The Words. Most recently, she co-edited the anthology She's Shameless: Women write about growing up, rocking out and fighting back.

Fowles writes for the National Post.
Sikar district
Sikar district is a district of the Indian state Rajasthan in northern India. It is a part of the Shekhawati region of Rajasthan. Rao Daulat Singh laid down the foundation stone of Thikana Sikar in 1687. District Collector of Sikar is Shri Mukul Sharma while Member of Parliament is Shri Amra Ram.

District magistrate
The district magistrate, also known as the district collector or deputy commissioner, is a career civil servant who serves as the executive head of a district's administration in India. The specific name depends on the state or union territory. Each of these posts has distinct responsibilities, and an officer can assume all of these roles at once. The district magistrate is primarily responsible for maintaining law and order, while the district collector focuses on land revenue administration, and the deputy commissioner is in charge of overseeing developmental activities and coordinates government departments. Additionally, they also serve as election officers, registrar, marriage officer, licensing authority, and managing disaster responses, among other things. While the specific scope of duties may vary from state to state, they are generally similar. The district magistrate comes under the general supervision of divisional commissioner.
The Price Mark
The Price Mark is a 1917 American drama silent film directed by Roy William Neill and written by John B. Ritchie. The film stars Dorothy Dalton, William Conklin, Thurston Hall, Adele Farrington, Edwin Wallock and Dorcas Matthews. The film was released on October 21, 1917, by Paramount Pictures.

Roy William Neill
Roy William Neill (born Roland de Gostrie, 4 September 1887 – 14 December 1946) was an Irish-born American film director best known for producing and directing almost all of the Sherlock Holmes films starring Basil Rathbone and Nigel Bruce, made between 1943 and 1946 and released by Universal Pictures.
Woodbridge, Western Australia
Woodbridge is a suburb of Perth, Western Australia, located within the City of Swan local government area. Formerly part of Midland and previously informally named West Midland, its name, which was officially gazetted on 1 March 2001, is from Governor James Stirling's original 1829 land grant which he named after his wife's family property near Guildford in England.

On 4 October 2004, Transperth renamed the West Midland railway station to Woodbridge station. The station is part of the Midland railway line which serves the eastern suburbs as a rapid transit railway.

Woodbridge House, a National Trust property on the edge of the Swan River, is now a museum that is open to the public. It was previously owned by Charles Harper.

Governor Stirling Senior High School is within the locality.

City of Swan
The City of Swan is a local government area of Western Australia, in the eastern metropolitan region of Perth. It is named after the Swan River which traverses most of the City's urban area.

Swan is centred approximately 20 km north-east of the Perth central business district. It covers 42 suburbs and localities across an area of 1,042 km2, making it the largest metropolitan LGA by area. It had an estimated population of 155,653 in 2020.

The historic, administrative, commercial and industrial centre of Swan is Midland, a satellite city and strategic metropolitan centre of Perth. Other key areas of the City include the historic colonial town of Guildford, the Swan Valley tourism and winery region and the new town of Ellenbrook.
Vylkovo, Altai Krai
Vylkovo (Russian: Вылково) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Vylkovsky Selsoviet, Tyumentsevsky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 1,925 as of 2013. It was founded in 1726. There are 24 streets.

Altai Krai
Altai Krai (Russian: Алтайский край, IPA: [ɐlˈtajskʲɪj kraj]) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai). It borders, clockwise from the west, Kazakhstan (East Kazakhstan Region, Abai Region and Pavlodar Region), Novosibirsk and Kemerovo, and the Altai Republic. Its administrative centre is the city of Barnaul. As of the 2021 Census, the population of the krai was 2,163,693.
Legion Wasa
Legion Wasa was a Swedish neo-Nazi paramilitary organisation founded in 1999.

The members of Legion Wasa have reportedly been preparing for race war, and once made preparations for helping out Saddam Hussein in the Iraq War against the invading United States Army. The offer was however turned down by the Iraqi embassy in Sweden. Led by Curt Linusson, a former UN soldier and Home Guard officer, the group has conducted field practice in the forests of Västra Götaland County. The organisation is said to have between 25 and 30 members.

In 2004 four members of the organisation were arrested, charged with plotting mass murders of political opponents, and of forming a terrorist cell inspired by the novel The Turner Diaries. All four were acquitted for terrorism charges, although three of the charged were convicted for violence and drug charges, with sentences ranging from one to two years imprisonment.

The organisation has been inactive since around 2010.

Ethnic conflict
An ethnic conflict is a conflict between two or more ethnic groups.  While the source of the conflict may be political, social, economic or religious, the individuals in conflict must expressly fight for their ethnic group's position within society. This criterion differentiates ethnic conflict from other forms of struggle.

Academic explanations of ethnic conflict generally fall into one of three schools of thought: primordialist, instrumentalist or constructivist. Recently, some have argued for either top-down or bottom-up explanations for ethnic conflict. Intellectual debate has also focused on whether ethnic conflict has become more prevalent since the end of the Cold War, and on devising ways of managing conflicts, through instruments such as consociationalism and federalisation.
Leonar3Do
Leonar3Do is an integrated software and hardware platform for creating three-dimensional VR (virtual reality) environments on desktop computers and other devices, allowing creation, manipulation, and analysis of three-dimensional objects in a three-dimensional space. Leonar3Do was invented by Daniel Rátai in Budapest, Hungary. Products and applications based on the Leonar3Do platform are developed and marketed by Leonar3Do International Inc.

Solid geometry
Solid geometry or stereometry is the geometry of three-dimensional Euclidean space (3D space).
A solid figure is the region of 3D space bounded by a two-dimensional closed surface; for example, a solid ball consists of a sphere and its interior.

Solid geometry deals with the measurements of volumes of various solids, including pyramids, prisms, cubes (and other polyhedrons), cylinders, cones (including truncated) and other solids of revolution.
Gezina (House of Assembly of South Africa constituency)
Gezina was a constituency in the Transvaal Province of South Africa, which existed from 1929 to 1958 and again from 1966 to 1994. It covered an area in the northern suburbs of Pretoria, the administrative capital of South Africa, centred on the suburb of Gezina. Throughout its existence it elected one member to the House of Assembly and one to the Transvaal Provincial Council.

Transvaal Provincial Council
The Transvaal Provincial Council was the provincial council of the Transvaal Province in South Africa. It was created by the South Africa Act 1909, from the formation of the Union of South Africa on 31 May 1910, and replaced the Transvaal Legislative Assembly which had been created through self-government in 1907. The first election to the provincial council took place on 15 September 1910 (also the day of the South African general election, 1910).

The Provincial Council continued to exist until 1986, when its functions were transferred to a strengthened executive authority appointed by the State President. The province itself was disbanded in 1994, when the provinces were reconstructed.
Arthur Müller
Arthur Müller (born Aron Cohn:  23 October 1871 – 19 January 1935) was a German entrepreneur and inventor.   He became known as the founder and director of the "Deutsche Flugplatz Gesellschaft" ("German Airfield Company"), which instigated, built and then operated the "Motorflugplatz Johannisthal-Adlershof", Germany's first (and by a few weeks Europe's second) commercial airfield.

Edward G. Budd
Edward Gowen Budd (December 28, 1870 – November 30, 1946) was an American inventor and businessman. As an employee of Hale & Kilburn, he innovated the usage of stamped steel in the production of railroad cars for the Pullman Company and the Hupmobile, the first steel bodied automobile in the world. In 1912, he founded the Edward G. Budd Manufacturing Company, and implemented the usage of stamped steel in the production of automobiles. In 1917, he founded the Budd Wheel Company to produce steel wire automobile wheels. He pioneered the fabrication of stainless steel and the shotweld process in the construction of the Pioneer Zephyr railroad cars. His factories converted to the production of steel based wartime materials during both World War I and World War II.

In 1944, he received the American Society of Mechanical Engineers award for outstanding engineering achievements.  He was posthumously admitted to the Automotive Hall of Fame and National Railroad Hall of Fame.
Linda LeGarde Grover
Linda LeGarde Grover is an Anishinaabe novelist and short story writer. An enrolled member of the Bois Forte Band of the Minnesota Chippewa Tribe, she is a professor emeritus of American Indian Studies at the University of Minnesota Duluth, as well as a columnist for the Duluth News Tribune.

Duluth News Tribune
The Duluth News Tribune (known locally as The Tribune or DNT) is a newspaper based in Duluth, Minnesota. While circulation is heaviest in the Twin Ports metropolitan area, delivery extends into northeastern Minnesota, northwestern Wisconsin, and Michigan's Upper Peninsula. The paper has a limited distribution in Thunder Bay, Ontario. The News Tribune has been owned by Forum Communications since 2006.
Tim Ford (swimmer)
Timothy John Ford is an Australian former freestyle swimmer.

Ford grew up in Sydney, attending Turramurra High School. Due to the distance he lived from the swimming facility he trained at, he would often board with swimmer Shane Gould.

A graduate of Harvard University, Ford was captain of the varsity swim team during his time in Cambridge.

In 1982, Ford won a silver medal in the 1500 metre freestyle at the 1982 Commonwealth Games in Brisbane, finishing behind Max Metzker. He also competed in that year's World Championships in Ecuador.

Ford, a Swimming Australia board member, is married to former swimmer Susie Baumer.

1982 World Aquatics Championships
The 4th FINA World Aquatics Championships took place from July 29-August 8, 1982, in Guayaquil, Ecuador. They featured 848 athletes, competing in four Aquatics disciplines:

Diving - 4 events (2 male, 2 female);

Swimming - 29 events (15 male, 14 female);

Synchronized Swimming - 3 events (all female); and

Water Polo - 1 event (male).
Šubrt
Šubrt (feminine Šubrtová) is a Czech surname, a Czechized version of the German surname Schubert. Notable people with the surname include:

Michal Šubrt (born 1967), Czech rower

Milada Šubrtová (1924–2011), Czech opera singer

Miroslav Šubrt (1926–2012), Czech ice hockey executive

Anna Šubrtová (born 2002), Czech footballer

Natália Šubrtová, Slovak alpine skier

Milada Šubrtová
Milada Šubrtová (24 May 1924 – 1 August 2011) was a Czech operatic soprano who had a lengthy career at the National Theatre in Prague from 1948 through 1991. She was part of an instrumental group of post-World War II Czech opera singers that was responsible for popularizing Czech opera internationally. She drew particular acclaim for her portrayals of the title heroines in Leoš Janáček's Jenůfa and Antonín Dvořák's Rusalka. Her voice is preserved on a few complete opera recordings made on the Supraphon label. In 1998 she was honored with a Thalia Award.
Guajará-Mirim State Park
The Guajará-Mirim State Park (Portuguese: Parque Estadual de Guajará-Mirim) is a state park in the state of Rondônia, Brazil.
It protects an area of savanna forest and transition into rainforest.
It is in an area where there is great pressure from loggers and ranchers. A road was illegally cut through the park, apparently by loggers supported by local politicians. 
This received federal approval after the fact, since it provides access to areas otherwise cut off by flooding of the Madeira River.

Madeira River
The Madeira River (Portuguese: Rio Madeira [maˈdejɾɐ]) is a major waterway in South America. It is estimated to be 1,450 km (900 mi) in length, while the Madeira-Mamoré is estimated near 3,250 km (2,020 mi) or 3,380 km (2,100 mi) in length depending on the measuring party and their methods. The Madeira is the biggest tributary of the Amazon, accounting for about 15% of the water in the basin. A map from Emanuel Bowen in 1747, held by the David Rumsey Map Collection, refers to the Madeira by the pre-colonial, indigenous name Cuyari.

The River of Cuyari, called by the Portuguese Madeira or the Wood River, is formed by two great rivers, which join near its mouth. It was by this River, that the Nation of Topinambes passed into the River Amazon.
Jean-Jacques Beauvarlet-Charpentier
Jean-Jacques Beauvarlet-Charpentier (28 June 1734 – 6 May 1794) was a celebrated French organist and composer.

He was born in Abbeville. From 1763, he was a member of the Académie des Beaux Arts de Lyon (now École des Beaux-Arts). Then, from 1783 to 1793, he was organist at the Notre Dame de Paris.

Beauvarlet-Charpentier composed sonatas for keyboard and violin and numerous pieces for organ. He died in Paris.

His son Jacques-Marie (1766–1834) was also an organist and composer.

École des Beaux-Arts
École des Beaux-Arts (French for 'School of Fine Arts'; pronounced [ekɔl de boz‿aʁ]) refers to a number of influential art schools in France. The term is associated with the Beaux-Arts style in architecture and city planning that thrived in France and other countries during the late nineteenth century and the first quarter of the twentieth century.

The most famous and oldest École des Beaux-Arts is the École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts in Paris, now located on the city's left bank across from the Louvre, at 14 rue Bonaparte (in the 6th arrondissement). The school has a history spanning more than 350 years, training many of the great artists and architects in Europe. Beaux-Arts style was modeled on classical "antiquities", preserving these idealized forms and passing the style on to future generations.