hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dennis Davin
Dennis M. Davin served as Pennsylvania Secretary of Community and Economic Development from 2015 until 2022, having been nominated by Pennsylvania Governor Tom Wolf and confirmed in May 2015. Previously, he served as Director of the Allegheny County Department of Economic Development.

Tom Wolf
Thomas Westerman Wolf (born November 17, 1948) is an American politician and businessman who served as the 47th governor of Pennsylvania from 2015 to 2023. He previously served as chairman and CEO of his business, The Wolf Organization, and later as secretary of the Pennsylvania Department of Revenue from April 2007 to November 2008.

A member of the Democratic Party, Wolf won his party's nomination for governor of Pennsylvania in 2014 and defeated Republican incumbent Tom Corbett in the general election by a margin of almost 10 percentage points. He was reelected in 2018. Wolf was succeeded by fellow Democrat Josh Shapiro in 2023.
Ole Jørn Myklebust
Ole Jørn Myklebust (born 30 April 1977) is a Norwegian Jazz musician (trumpet, flugelhorn and vocals), educated at the Norges Musikkhøgskole. Known for performing in Subtonic, Køhn/Johansen Sextet, Geir Lysne Listening Ensemble, Østenfor Sol and Dixi, Myklebust has collaborated with Mari Boine and Unni Wilhelmsen. He was born in Eidsdal.

Geir Lysne Listening Ensemble
Geir Lysne Listening Ensemble is a 20-piece big band led by Geir Lysne established in 1999. The band has gained international fame, especially in Germany for the performances of Lysnes compositions. The music is in the genre jazz and contemporary music.
Evaz Beg
Evaz Beg (also spelled Ivaz) was a 17th-century Safavid official and royal gholam. Of Georgian origin, he served during the reign of Abbas II (1632–1666), and was the brother of one of the most prominent court eunuchs at the time, Mehtar Davud, as well as of the imperial treasurer and eunuch Mohammad Beg. In 1640, Evaz Beg was appointed governor (vizier) of Lar. A few years later, in 1646–1647, he was briefly made governor (hakem) of the nearby district of Bandar Abbas, which included the islands of Hormuz, Qeshm and Larek. In 1656, he was permitted to resign as governor of Lar and was appointed as divanbegi (chancellor, chief justice), while a few years later, in 1660, he was made governor (vizier) of Bia-pas in Gilan and its provincial capital Rasht.

Evaz Beg's descendants would hold the government of Lar (and later also that of Bandar Abbas) for many more years to come, until 1725. During this lengthy period, he and his family dominated the politics of the Persian Gulf littoral.

Larak Island
Larak Island (also Lark Island) is an island off the coast of Iran, which has been one of Iran's major oil export points since 1987. The narrowest part of the Strait of Hormuz at a distance of 24 miles (39 km) lies between this Iranian island and Oman's Quoin Island.
LIV Golf Greenbrier
LIV Golf Greenbrier is a professional golf tournament sponsored by LIV Golf in the United States, held at The Greenbrier in White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia. It debuted in August 2023. The first event was also co-sponsored by the MENA Tour.

LIV Golf
LIV Golf (/lɪv/ LIV) is a professional men's golf tour. The name "LIV" refers to the Roman numerals for 54, the number of holes played at LIV events. The first LIV Golf Invitational Series event started on 9 June 2022, at the Centurion Club near St Albans in Hertfordshire, UK. The Invitational Series became the LIV Golf League in 2023.

LIV Golf is financed by the Public Investment Fund, the sovereign wealth fund of Saudi Arabia. Some journalists and commentators have said the tour is part of efforts by the Saudi monarchy, which has been criticized for its corruption and human rights abuses, to improve its public image through sports.

LIV Golf Adelaide was awarded the best golf event in the world from 2023–2025 at the World Golf Awards.
Fuksa
Fuksa is a Czech surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ivan Fuksa (born 1963), Czech politician

Martin Fuksa (born 1993), Czech canoeist

Petr Fuksa (born 1969), Czech canoeist

Petr Fuksa Jr. (born 1998), Czech canoeist

Martin Fuksa
Martin Fuksa (Czech pronunciation: [ˈmarcɪn ˈfuksa]; born 30 April 1993) is a Czech sprint canoeist. Three-time world champion (in C-1 500 and C-1 1000 metres), Fuksa won the gold medal at the 2024 Summer Olympics in the C-1 1000 metres event.
Jokūbas Minkevičius
Jokūbas Minkevičius (27 March 1921 – 5 May 1996) was a Lithuanian politician, born in Ufa, Bashkir ASSR.  In 1990 he was among those who signed the Act of the Re-Establishment of the State of Lithuania.

Act of the Re-Establishment of the State of Lithuania
The Act of the Re-Establishment of the State of Lithuania or Act of 11 March (Lithuanian: Aktas dėl Lietuvos nepriklausomos valstybės atstatymo) was an independence declaration by Lithuania adopted on 11 March 1990, signed by all members of the Supreme Council of the Republic of Lithuania led by Sąjūdis. The act emphasized restoration and legal continuity of the interwar-period Lithuania, which was occupied by the Soviet Union and annexed in June 1940. In March 1990, it was the first of the 15 Soviet republics to declare independence, with the rest following to continue for 21 months, concluding with Kazakhstan's independence in 1991. These events (part of the broader process dubbed the "parade of sovereignties") led to the dissolution of the Soviet Union in December 1991.
Dimorphite
Dimorphite, chemical name arsenic sesquisulfide (As4S3), is a very rare orange-yellow arsenic sulfide mineral. In nature, dimorphite forms primarily by deposition in volcanic fumaroles at temperatures of 70–80 °C (158–176 °F). Dimorphite was first discovered in such a fumarole near Naples, Italy in 1849 by the mineralogist Arcangelo Scacchi (1810–1893). Since its discovery, dimorphite has been found in the Alacrán silver mine near Copiapó, Chile.  It has also been reported from Cerro de Pasco, Peru, and the Lavrion District Mines in Attica, Greece.

Deposition (phase transition)
Deposition is the phase transition in which gas transforms into solid without passing through the liquid phase. Deposition is a thermodynamic process. The reverse of deposition is sublimation and hence sometimes deposition is called desublimation.
2013 Virginia 529 College Savings 250
The 2013 Virginia 529 College Savings 250 was the 25th stock car race of the 2013 NASCAR Nationwide Series and the 32nd iteration of the event. The race was held on Friday, September 6, 2013, in Richmond, Virginia, at Richmond International Raceway, a 0.75 miles (1.21 km) D-shaped oval. The race took the scheduled 250 laps to complete. At race's end, Brad Keselowski, driving for Penske Racing, would pass eventual second-place finisher, Richard Childress Racing driver Brian Scott late in the race to win his 25th career NASCAR Nationwide Series win and his fifth win of the season. To fill out the podium, Regan Smith of JR Motorsports finished third.

JR Motorsports
JR Motorsports (pronounced "Junior Motorsports") is an American professional stock car racing team based in Mooresville, North Carolina, co-owned by Dale Earnhardt Jr., Kelley Earnhardt Miller, L. W. Miller, and Rick Hendrick. It currently competes in the NASCAR Cup Series, NASCAR O'Reilly Auto Parts Series, eNASCAR Coca-Cola iRacing Series, CARS Late Model Stock Tour, and occasionally in the NASCAR Local Racing Series Powered by O'Reilly Auto Parts.

The team fields the No. 40 Chevrolet Camaro ZL1 part-time at the NASCAR Cup Series for Justin Allgaier. The also team fields four full-time entries in the O'Reilly Auto Parts Series: the No. 1 Chevrolet Camaro SS full-time for Carson Kvapil and Connor Zilisch, the No. 7 full-time for Allgaier, the No. 8 full-time for Sammy Smith, the No. 88 full-time for multiple drivers, as well as the No. 9 part-time for multiple drivers. The team fields the No. 88 Chevrolet full-time in the CARS Late Model Stock Tour for Caden Kvapil.
Lucas Oil Indianapolis Raceway Park
Lucas Oil Indianapolis Raceway Park (formerly Indianapolis Raceway Park, O'Reilly Raceway Park at Indianapolis, and Lucas Oil Raceway) is an auto racing facility in Brownsburg, Indiana, United States, about 10 mi (16 km) northwest of downtown Indianapolis. It includes a 0.686 mi (1.104 km) oval track, a 2.500 mi (4.023 km) road course (which has fallen into disrepair and is no longer used), and a 4,400 ft (1,300 m) drag strip which is among the premier drag racing venues in the world. The complex receives about 500,000 visitors annually.

Drag racing
Drag racing is a type of motor racing in which automobiles or motorcycles compete, usually two at a time, to be first to cross a set finish line. The race follows a short, straight course from a standing start over a measured distance, most commonly 1⁄4 mi (1,320 ft; 402 m), with a shorter, 1,000 ft (0.19 mi; 304.80 m) distance becoming increasingly popular, as it has become the standard for Top Fuel dragsters and Funny Cars, where some major bracket races and other sanctioning bodies have adopted it as the standard. The 1⁄8 mi (660 ft; 201 m) is also popular in some circles. Electronic timing and speed sensing systems have been used to record race results since the 1960s.

The history of automobiles and motorcycles being used for drag racing is nearly as long as the history of motorized vehicles themselves, and has taken the form of both illegal street racing and as a regulated motorsport.
Herbert Ponting
Herbert George Ponting, FRGS (21 March 1870 – 7 February 1935) was an English professional photographer. He is best known as the expedition photographer and cinematographer for Robert Falcon Scott's Terra Nova Expedition to the Ross Sea and South Pole (1910–1913). In this role, he captured some of the most enduring images of the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration.

Cape Evans
Cape Evans (77°38′S 166°24′E﻿ / ﻿77.633°S 166.400°E﻿ / -77.633; 166.400﻿ (Cape Evans)) is a rocky cape on the west side of Ross Island, Antarctica, forming the north side of the entrance to Erebus Bay.
The Stick Season (We'll All Be Here Forever) Tour
The Stick Season (We'll All Be Here Forever) Tour was the fourth concert tour by folk-pop singer-songwriter Noah Kahan. This tour follows his successful 2022–2023 tour for the release of his album Stick Season. The tour began on January 17 in Melbourne, Australia and concluded on September 11 in East Troy, United States.

James Bay (singer)
James Michael Bay (born 4 September 1990) is an English singer-songwriter and guitarist.

In 2014, he released his single "Hold Back the River", which was certified platinum, before releasing his debut studio album Chaos and the Calm (2015). The album went to number one in the UK and number 15 in the US. In February 2015, Bay received the Brit Awards "Critics' Choice" award. At the 2016 Brit Awards he received the award for Best British Male Solo Artist. Bay also received three nominations at the 2016 Grammy Awards, for Best New Artist, Best Rock Album, and Best Rock Song. In May 2018, he released his second studio album, Electric Light.
Susanna and the Elders (Artemisia Gentileschi)
Susanna and the Elders (Italian: Susanna e i vecchioni) is the title of several works of art by Italian painter Artemisia Gentileschi depicting the eponymous biblical account. These include:

Susanna and the Elders (Artemisia Gentileschi, Pommersfelden), 1610

Susanna and the Elders (Artemisia Gentileschi, Burghley), 1622

Susanna and the Elders (Artemisia Gentileschi, private collection), 1630s

Susanna and the Elders (Artemisia Gentileschi, Edinburgh), 1639

Susanna and the Elders (Artemisia Gentileschi, Brno), 1649

Susanna and the Elders (Artemisia Gentileschi, Bologna), 1652

Susanna and the Elders (Artemisia Gentileschi, Brno)
Susanna and the Elders is one of several paintings on this theme executed by the Italian baroque artist Artemisia Gentileschi. This version, painted in 1649, hangs in the Moravian Gallery in Brno, Czech Republic. It is signed with Gentileschi's signature and the date on the balustrade on the right.
Argonne Tandem Linear Accelerator System
The Argonne Tandem Linac Accelerator System (ATLAS) is a U.S. Department of Energy scientific user facility at Argonne National Laboratory. ATLAS is the first superconducting linear accelerator (linac) for heavy ions at energies in the vicinity of the Coulomb barrier and is open to scientists from all over the world.

The ATLAS accelerator at Argonne should not be confused with the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN.

Coulomb barrier
The Coulomb barrier, named after Coulomb's law, which is in turn named after physicist Charles-Augustin de Coulomb, is the energy barrier due to electrostatic interaction that two nuclei need to overcome so they can get close enough to undergo a  nuclear reaction such as nuclear fusion.
Birkbeck station
Birkbeck is a railway station and light rail stop in the London Borough of Bromley in the southern suburbs of London. On the rail network it is 10 miles 26 chains (16.6 km) measured from London Victoria. It is located on Elmers End Road (A214) and alongside Beckenham Crematorium.

London Borough of Bromley
The London Borough of Bromley (/ˈbrɒmli/ ⓘ) is a borough in Greater London, England. It is the largest and southeasternmost borough in London, and borders the counties of Surrey and Kent, the latter of which it formed part until 1965. The borough's population in the 2021 census was 329,991. It is named after Bromley, its principal town. Other districts are Penge, Hayes, West Wickham, Chislehurst, Beckenham and Orpington. The local authority is Bromley London Borough Council.
Mount Hebron, Greene County, Alabama
Mount Hebron, also known as Hebron, is an unincorporated community in Greene County, Alabama, United States. Mount Hebron is located on Alabama State Route 39, 11.4 miles (18.3 km) west-northwest of Eutaw.

Eutaw, Alabama
Eutaw (/ˈjuːtɔː/ YOO-taw) is a city in and the county seat of Greene County, Alabama, United States. At the 2020 census, its population was 2,937. The city was named in honor of the Battle of Eutaw Springs, the last engagement of the American Revolutionary War in the Carolinas.
Bujru
Bujru (Persian: بوجرو, also Romanized as Būjrū; also known as Borj Rū and Būjūrū) is a village in Tang Chenar Rural District, in the Central District of Mehriz County, Yazd Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 29, in 12 families.

Yazd province
Yazd province (Persian: استان یزد) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran and is in the center of the country. Its capital is the city of Yazd. In 2014, it was placed in Region 5. The province has an area of 76,469 km2.
Water reducer
Water reducers are special chemical products added to a concrete mixture before it is poured. They are from the same family of products as retarders. The first class of water reducers was the lignosulfonates which has been used since the 1930s. These inexpensive products were derived from wood and paper industry, but are now advantageously replaced by other synthetic sulfonate and polycarboxylate, also known as superplasticizers.

Water reducers offer several advantages in their use, listed below:

reduces the water content by 5-10%

decreases the concrete porosity

increases the concrete strength by up to 25% (as less water is required for the concrete mixture to remain workable)

increases the workability (assuming the amount of free water remains constant)

reduces the water permeability (due to less water being used)

reduces the diffusivity of aggressive agents in the concrete and so improves the durability of concrete

gives a better finish to surfaces (due to all of the above)

Sulfonate
In organosulfur chemistry, a sulfonate is a salt or anion of a sulfonic acid. The formula for this functional group is RSO−3. Sulfonates are the conjugate bases of sulfonic acids. Sulfonates are generally stable in water, non-oxidizing, and colorless. Many useful compounds and even some biochemicals are sulfonates.  Most detergents and surfactants are sulfonates.  These include alkylbenzene sulfonates, 𝛼-olefin sulfonates, and paraffin sulfonates.
Chris Tompkins
Christopher G. Tompkins (born Muscle Shoals, Alabama)  is an American songwriter based in Nashville. Since 2002 he has co-written songs for pop, rock, and country artists Jimmy Buffett, Blake Shelton, Keith Urban, Carrie Underwood, Jason Aldean, and Nickelback and has written charting singles for artists such as Kenny Chesney, Florida Georgia Line, and Tim McGraw.

Tompkins has won two Grammy Awards for Best Country Song, first for "Before He Cheats" sung by Carrie Underwood in 2007, and also for Underwood's 2012 song "Blown Away". Tompkins has written 16 number one hits, and he won Songwriter of the Year by the Alabama Music Hall of Fame in 2007.

Country Airplay
Country Airplay is a chart published weekly by Billboard magazine in the United States since October 20, 2012, although the magazine also retrospectively recognizes the Hot Country Songs charts from January 20, 1990, through October 13, 2012, as part of the history of the Country Airplay listing.  The chart lists the 60 most-listened-to records played on 150 mainstream country radio stations across the country as monitored by Nielsen BDS, weighted to each station's Nielsen ratings.

The first number-one song actually published under the Country Airplay banner was "Take a Little Ride" by Jason Aldean; but as Billboard also recognizes the history of the Hot Country Songs chart since 1990 as part of this chart, the magazine recognizes the first chart-topper as "Nobody's Home" by Clint Black.
Daulat Nagar, Gujrat
Daulat Nagar (دولت نگر) is a town and union council in Gujrat Tehsil & Gujrat District, Punjab province, Pakistan. It is situated near the villages Ghari Bhau,Lahorian Doga Sharif, Bazurgwal and Shahjahanian. Daulat Nagar  is around 24 km from Gujrat.

Shahjahanian
32°44′44″N 74°06′25″E﻿ / ﻿32.74556°N 74.10694°E﻿ / 32.74556; 74.10694

Shahjahanian (Urdu: شاہجہانیاں also spelled Shah Jahanian) is a village in Gujrat District, of Punjab, Pakistan. It is situated about 12 kilometers northeast of Gujrat city.
Puerto de las Palomas
The Puerto de las Palomas is a mountain pass in the Sierra de Grazalema Natural Park, on the CA-9104 road connecting Grazalema and Zahara de la Sierra villages.

There are great views from it, and there's a nice hiking path to see the northern part of provinces of Cadiz and Málaga as well as the southern part of the Seville one.

There are eight other Puerto de las Palomas in Spain, among which six are in Andalusia.

The access road from Zahara de la Sierra has very winding and steep slopes.

Province of Seville
The Province of Seville (Spanish: Sevilla) is a province of southern Spain, in the western part of the autonomous community of Andalusia. It borders the provinces of Málaga and Cádiz in the south, Huelva in the west, Badajoz in the north and Córdoba in the east. Seville is the province's as well as the Andalusian autonomous community's capital.
Battle of Beirut
Beirut in Lebanon has been the site of several battles in history.

Siege of Beirut (1110), a battle during the Crusades.

Battle of Beirut (1126), a battle during the Crusades.

Battle of Beirut (1383), a battle between the Mamluks and Genoese.

Battle of Beirut (1520), a battle between the French and Ottomans.

Battle of Beirut (1840), a battle during the Egyptian–Ottoman War (1839–1841).

Battle of Beirut (1912), a naval battle during the Italo-Turkish War.

Battle of Beirut (1941), a battle over control of the city during World War II.

Siege of Beirut (1982), a siege by Israel during the 1982 Lebanon War.

Siege of Beirut
During the 1982 Lebanon War, the city of Beirut was besieged by Israel following the breakdown of the ceasefire that had been imposed by the United Nations amidst the Lebanese Civil War. Beginning in mid-June, the two-month-long siege resulted in thousands of civilian deaths and the expulsion of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) from Beirut and the rest of Lebanon.
Pine Bluff Observatory
The Pine Bluff Observatory (PBO) is an astronomical observatory located in the town of Cross Plains, Wisconsin (USA) about 24 kilometers (15 mi) west of Madison.  PBO is owned and operated by the University of Wisconsin–Madison (UW-Madison).  It opened in 1958, and is mainly used by students and faculty of UW-Madison for instruction and research.  PBO also provides a facility for testing new instruments.  Recent research conducted at PBO includes measuring the lunar sodium tail, monitoring circumstellar disks around Be stars, and studying the warm ionized medium.

Circumstellar disc
A circumstellar disc (or circumstellar disk) is a torus-, pancake- or ring-shaped accretion disk of matter composed of gas, dust, planetesimals, asteroids, or collision fragments in orbit around a star. Around the youngest stars, they are the reservoirs of material out of which planets may form. Around mature stars, they indicate that planetesimal formation has taken place, and around white dwarfs, they indicate that planetary material survived the whole of stellar evolution. Such a disc can manifest itself in various ways.
Klipfel
James H. Klipfel Memorial Nature Sanctuary at Brockway Mountain, commonly referred to as Klipfel or Klipfel Memorial, is a 160-acre (0.65 km2) nature sanctuary located in Keweenaw County, Michigan. It is maintained and preserved by the Michigan Nature Association. The sanctuary is located near Copper Harbor on Brockway Mountain Drive. Brockway Mountain's alkaline bedrock outcrops, cliff faces, and many ledges create habitats for a variety of unusual plants, and spring hawk migrations can often be seen from the overlook at this sanctuary.

Skies at Klipfel

Copper Harbor, Michigan
Copper Harbor is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) located in Keweenaw County in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is located within Grant Township. The population of the CDP was 136 as of the 2020 census.

The community is located at the northern tip of the Keweenaw Peninsula and is the northernmost permanently populated community in the state. Due to its natural environment and surroundings, which include Fort Wilkins Historic State Park, Copper Harbor is marketed as an all-season tourist destination.
Waiwerang
Waiwerang is a town in East Adonara District of East Flores Regency, situated on Adonara Island, Indonesia. It is the largest community on Adonara. In the center of Waiwerang stands an obelisk built from September 1960 to August 1961 in a square beside another square that hosts government and social events. The town (kelurahan) had only 3,850 inhabitants in mid 2023, but is flanked by the villages (desa) of Lamahala Jaya (with 6,980 inhabitants) and Terong (with 2,089 inhabitants) to the west and Waiburak (with 3,315 inhabitants) to the east, the combined communities forming an urban area of 16,234 in the centre of Adonara's south coast, directly facing Lamakera (on Solor Island) across the Solor Strait.

Waiwerang is a transit harbour used by sea transportation from and to Lamakera on the eastern end of Solor Island, the regency capital of Larantuka on the mainland of East Flores, and Lewoleba on Lembata Island.

Larantuka
Larantuka (Dutch: Larantoeka, Portuguese: Larantuca) is a kecamatan (district) and the seat of East Flores Regency, on the eastern end of Flores Island, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Like much of the region, Larantuka has a strong  colonial Portuguese influence. The town (including the two rural villages within the administrative district) covers a land area of 75.91 km2, and had 37,348 inhabitants at the 2010 census and 40,828 at the 2020 census; the official estimate as at mid 2024 was 41,664 - comprising 20,720 males and 20,944 females. This overwhelmingly (95.4%) Roman Catholic area enjoys some international renown for its Holy Week celebrations.