hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Minam, Oregon
Minam is an unincorporated community in northwestern Wallowa County, Oregon, United States. It is located at the confluence of the Minam and Wallowa rivers, north of the Wallowa Mountains on Oregon Route 82. Minam is approximately 20 miles (32 km) Northeast of La Grande.

Minam was named after the Minam River, which in turn was named for the Native American name for the locality E-mi-ne-mah, which described a valley or canyon where a plant used for food that resembled a small sunflower was abundant. The form "Minam River" was used as early as 1864. Minam post office was established in 1890, closed in 1891, and was reestablished in 1910. Minam was platted in 1907; a railroad branch through the community to Joseph, completed in 1908, probably prompted the reopening of the post office.

Joseph, Oregon
Joseph is a city in Wallowa County, Oregon, United States. Originally named Silver Lake and Lake City, the city formally named itself in 1880 for Chief Joseph (1840–1904) of the Nez Perce people. As of the 2020 census, Joseph had a population of 1,154.
Gaetano Fidanzati
Gaetano Fidanzati (Italian pronunciation: [ɡaeˈtaːno fidanˈtsaːti]; 6 September 1935 – 5 October 2013) was a Sicilian Mafia boss of the Resuttana mandamento in Palermo and heavily involved in drug trafficking. He was among the first Mafia bosses to establish a presence in Northern Italy, in particular Milan, and was the protagonist of the alliances between the Sicilian Cosa Nostra, the American Cosa Nostra, the Neapolitan Camorra and the Colombian drug cartels.

Gaetano Fidanzati was on the Italian Ministry of the Interior's most wanted list from 2008 until his arrest on 5 December 2009.

Drug cartel
A drug cartel   is a criminal organization composed of independent drug lords who collude with each other in order to improve their profits and dominate the illegal drug trade. Drug cartels form with the purpose of controlling the supply of the illegal drug trade and maintaining prices at a high level. The formations of drug cartels are common in Latin American countries. Rivalries between multiple drug cartels cause them to wage turf wars against each other. Drug cartels often transport both drugs and narcotics, and most often the term "Narcotics cartel" is not used to describe an organization that transports the latter legally defined set of illegal substances, such as marijuana.
Kensal Town
Kensal Town is a district of North West London, located partly in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea, and partly in the City of Westminster. The Grand Union Canal, which passes through it, forms the boundary of the two boroughs. Kensal Town is a sub-district of Kensal Green. The area lies four miles north-west of Charing Cross and is part of the W postcode area. Kensal Town was an exclave of Chelsea from the middle ages through to 1900.

W postcode area
The W (Western and Paddington) postcode area, also known as the London W postcode area is a group of postcode districts covering part of central and part of West London, England. The area originates from the Western (W1) and Paddington (W2-14) districts of the London postal district. This area covers 35 postcode districts and around 18,554 live postcodes.
Siguiri
Siguiri (N’ko: ߛߌ߯ߙߌ߲߫; Arabic: سِجِرِ ِ) is a city in northeastern Guinea on the River Niger. It is a sub-prefecture and capital of Siguiri Prefecture in the Kankan Region.

It is known for its goldsmiths and as the birthplace of Sekouba Bambino Diabaté. Siguiri is the site of a former French fort built in 1888, and the Siguiri Airport.

Goldsmith
A goldsmith is a metalworker who specializes in working with gold and other precious metals. Modern goldsmiths mainly specialize in jewelry-making but historically, they have also made silverware, platters, goblets, decorative and serviceable utensils, and ceremonial or religious items.

Goldsmiths must be skilled in forming metal through filing, soldering, sawing, forging, casting, and polishing. The trade has very often included jewelry-making skills, as well as the very similar skills of the silversmith. Traditionally, these skills had been passed along through apprenticeships; more recently jewelry arts schools, specializing in teaching goldsmithing and a multitude of skills falling under the jewelry arts umbrella, are available. Many universities and junior colleges also offer goldsmithing, silversmithing, and metal arts fabrication as a part of their fine arts curriculum.
Las Vacas Dam
The Las Vacas Dam (Spanish: Planta Hidroeléctrica Río Las Vacas) is a reinforced concrete gravity dam and power plant spanning the Las Vacas River near the village of San Antonio Las Flores in the municipality Chinautla, Guatemala.

The hydroelectric power plant is designed as a peaking plant and the water stored in its 258,969 m³ reservoir is used to generate electricity during hours of peak demand. It has 5 Pelton turbines with a total installed capacity of 45 MWe which generate an average of 120 GWh of electricity per year.

The plant includes facilities for collecting and recycling plastic waste material found in the reservoir.

The Las Vacas project was built by a conglomerate of 4 private sector companies: Cementos Progreso, Fabrigas, Comegsa, and Iberdrola, which are partners in Hidroeléctrica Río Las Vacas, S.A.

Chinautla
Chinautla (Spanish pronunciation: [tʃiˈnawtla]) is a city and municipality in the Guatemala department of Guatemala. The city has a population of 104,972 (2018 census) making it the fourteenth largest city in the country and the seventh largest in the Guatemala Department.
Ernest Lluch station
Ernest Lluch is a Trambaix tram stop and a Barcelona Metro station in L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, to the south-west of Barcelona.  The construction works of the new station started in 2007, though they were suspended in 2011 by the Catalan government due to the 2008–15 financial crisis in the country, construction was reactivated in 2019 and inaugurated on July 25, 2021. The metro station is located between the Pubilla Cases and Collblanc stations, and serves as an interchange station to the Trambaix tram system. The station was initially intended to be named Cardenal Reig, a street in the area, or Sant Ramon, the former name of the Trambaix stop.

L'Hospitalet de Llobregat
L'Hospitalet de Llobregat (Catalan pronunciation: [luspitəˈlɛd də ʎuβɾəˈɣat; ˌlɔs-]; Spanish: Hospitalet de Llobregat), often shortened to L'Hospitalet or just L'H, is a city and municipality in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. It is part of the Barcelona metropolitan area, the Barcelona province, the Barcelonès comarca and of the Barcelona conurbation. With a population of 282,299 as of 2024, it is the 15th-largest city in Spain and the 2nd-largest city in Catalonia.

By population, it is the second largest municipality in Catalonia and the sixteenth in Spain. It is one of the most densely populated cities in the European Union.
Chip Morningstar
Chip Morningstar is an American software architect, mainly for online entertainment and communication.

Morningstar held many jobs throughout his career in the research and development of technology and programs. Most notably was Morningstar's role as project leader for Lucasfilm's Habitat, the first large-scale virtual multiuser environment. In March 2001, Morningstar and colleague Randy Farmer were awarded the inaugural "First Penguin Award" by the International Game Developers Association for their work on Habitat. He also participated in Project Xanadu, for which the word hypertext was first coined. Additionally, he is credited with coining the term avatar and pre-Internet work in online information marketplaces.

Hypertext
Hypertext is text displayed on a computer display or other electronic devices with references (hyperlinks) to other text that the reader can immediately access. Hypertext documents are interconnected by hyperlinks, which are typically activated by a mouse click, keypress set, or screen touch. Apart from text, the term "hypertext" is also used to describe tables, images, and other presentational materials with integrated hyperlinks. Hypertext is one of the key underlying concepts of the World Wide Web, where Web pages are often written in the Hypertext Markup Language (HTML). As implemented on the Web, hypertext enables the easy-to-use publication of information over the Internet.
1952 Cork Junior Hurling Championship
The 1952 Cork Junior Hurling Championship was the 55th staging of the Cork Junior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1895.

The final, a replay, was played on 7 December 1952 at the Athletic Grounds in Carrigaline, between Ballymartle and Lough Rovers, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Ballymartle won the match by 2-10 to 3-05 to claim their first ever championship title.

Carrigaline
Carrigaline (/kærɪɡəˈlaɪn/; Irish: Carraig Uí Leighin, meaning 'rock of Ó Leighin') is a town and civil parish in County Cork, Ireland, situated on the River Owenabue. Located about 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) south of Cork city, and with a population of 18,239 people, it is one of the largest commuter towns in the county. The R611 regional road passes through the town, and it is just off the N28 national primary route to Ringaskiddy. Carrigaline grew rapidly in the late 20th century, from a village of a few hundred people into a thriving commuter town although some locals still refer to it as "the village". The town is one of the key gateways to west Cork, especially for those who arrive by ferry from France. Carrigaline is within the Cork South-Central Dáil constituency.
2017–18 West Bromwich Albion F.C. season
The 2017–18 season was West Bromwich Albion's eighth consecutive season in the Premier League and their 140th year in existence. This season the club participated in the Premier League, FA Cup and League Cup. Tony Pulis began the season as the team's head coach but a poor run of form led to his dismissal in November; he was succeeded by Alan Pardew later that month. On 2 April 2018, Pardew left West Brom by mutual consent. First team coach and former player Darren Moore took the stand until the end of the season.

The season covered the period from 1 July 2017 to 30 June 2018, with competitive matches played between August and May.

West Bromwich Albion's relegation to the Championship was confirmed on 8 May 2018, by virtue of Southampton earning a 1–0 away victory at fellow strugglers Swansea City.

1968 FA Cup final
The 1968 FA Cup final was the 87th final of the FA Cup. It took place on 18 May 1968 at Wembley Stadium and was contested between West Bromwich Albion and Everton.

West Brom won 1–0 after extra time. Jeff Astle scored the winning goal, thus achieving the feat of scoring in every round of that season's competition. It was the fifth time that West Brom had won the FA Cup; they have not reached the final since.

This was the first FA Cup Final to be televised live on BBC2 in colour. Both teams wore their away strips, West Brom wearing white shirts and shorts with red socks, and Everton wearing gold shirts and blue shorts. This was also the first FA Cup Final in which a substitute was used, when West Brom's Dennis Clarke came on for an injured John Kaye.

The referee was Leo Callaghan from Merthyr Tydfil in South Wales.
Oates, Missouri
Oates is an unincorporated community in northern Reynolds County, in the U.S. state of Missouri. The community is located on Brushy Creek at the intersection of Missouri Route J and county road 836. Nearby communities include Black, approximately seven miles to the east-southeast on the Middle Fork of the Black River and Buick, about six miles to the northwest in Iron County.

Black River (Arkansas–Missouri)
The Black River is a tributary of the White River, about 300 miles (480 km) long, in southeastern Missouri and northeastern Arkansas in the United States.  Via the White River, it is part of the Mississippi River watershed.  Black River Technical College is named for the river.

The river was so named on account of the black tint of its water.
Excise stamps of Russia
Excise stamps of Russia are a kind of Russian revenue stamps. They were issued according to the governmental order of the Russian Federation. On 14 April 1994 they adopted resolution number 319 "Introduction of excise stamps in the Russian Federation". Certain goods produced in Russia or imported to the territory of Russia are subject to  excise tax including:

vodka,

alcohol,

wine,

tobacco and tobacco products.

Selling of goods subject to this law without affixing excise stamps is prohibited in the territory of Russia since 1 January 1995.

The law was amended by later decrees of the Russian Government.

Import
Import is the activity within international trade which involves buying and receiving goods and services produced in another country. An importer is a person, organization or country receiving imported goods which have been exported from another country. Importation and exportation are the defining financial transactions of international trade. The seller of such goods and services is called an exporter.

In international trade, the importation and exportation of goods are limited by import quotas and mandates from the customs authority. The importing and exporting jurisdictions may impose a tariff (tax) on the goods. In addition, the importation and exportation of goods are subject to trade agreements between the importing and exporting jurisdictions.
Pietro Fabris (politician)
Pietro Fabris (16 November 1934 – 2 October 2022) was an Italian politician. A member of the Christian Democracy party, the Italian People's Party, and later the United Christian Democrats, he served in the Senate of the Republic from 1987 to 1996.

Fabris died in Bassano del Grappa on 2 October 2022, at the age of 87.

United Christian Democrats
The United Christian Democrats (Italian: Cristiani Democratici Uniti, CDU) was a minor Christian democratic political party in Italy. The CDU was a member of the European People's Party from 1995 until 2002.
Kirovo-Chepetsky District
Kirovo-Chepetsky District (Russian: Ки́рово-Чепе́цкий райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-nine in Kirov Oblast, Russia. It is located in the center of the oblast. The area of the district is 2,210.27 square kilometers (853.39 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Kirovo-Chepetsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 21,317 (2010 Census); 22,193 (2002 Census); 39,688 (1989 Soviet census).

Kirov Oblast
Kirov Oblast (Russian: Кировская область, romanized: Kirovskaya oblast', IPA: [ˈkʲirəfskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast) located in Eastern Europe. Its administrative center is the city of Kirov. As of the 2010 census, the population is 1,341,312.
Outline of fluid dynamics
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to fluid dynamics:

In physics, physical chemistry and engineering, fluid dynamics is a subdiscipline of fluid mechanics that describes the flow of fluids – liquids and gases. It has several subdisciplines, including aerodynamics (the study of air and other gases in motion) and hydrodynamics (the study of water and other liquids in motion). Fluid dynamics has a wide range of applications, including calculating forces and moments on aircraft, determining the mass flow rate of petroleum through pipelines, predicting weather patterns, understanding nebulae in interstellar space, understanding large scale geophysical flows involving oceans/atmosphere and modelling fission weapon detonation.

Below is a structured list of topics in fluid dynamics.

Moment (physics)
A moment is a mathematical expression involving the product of a distance and a physical quantity such as a force or electric charge. Moments are usually defined with respect to a fixed reference point and refer to physical quantities located some distance from the reference point. For example, the moment of force, often called torque, is the product of a force on an object and the distance from the reference point to the object. In principle, any physical quantity can be multiplied by a distance to produce a moment. Commonly used quantities include forces, masses, and electric charge distributions; a list of examples is provided later.
2013–14 ISU Speed Skating World Cup – Women's 1000 metres
The 1000 meters distance for women in the 2013–14 ISU Speed Skating World Cup was contested over six races on six occasions, out of a total of six World Cup occasions for the season, with the first occasion taking place in Calgary, Alberta, Canada, on 8–10 November 2013, and the final occasion taking place in Heerenveen, Netherlands, on 14–16 March 2014.

On 17 November 2013, at the World Cup stop in Salt Lake City, Brittany Bowe of the United States broke the world record with a time of 1:12.58.

Kim Hyun-yung of South Korea broke the girls' world record, first in Calgary on 10 November, with a time of 1:15.18, then again in Salt Lake City one week later, with a time of 1:14.95.

Heather Richardson of the United States defended her title from the previous season, while compatriot Brittany Bowe repeated her second place, and Olga Fatkulina of Russia came third.

Kim Hyun-yung
Kim Hyun-yung (Korean: 김현영, born October 19, 1994 in Seoul) is a South Korean former speed-skater.

Kim competed at the 2014 Winter Olympics for South Korea. In the 500 metres she finished 24th overall, and in the 1000 metres she was 28th.

As of September 2014, Kim's best performance at the World Single Distance Speed Skating Championships is 22nd, in the 2013 500 m. Her best performance at the World Sprint Speed Skating Championships is 12th, in 2014. Kim has won five medals across four World Junior Speed Skating Championships, including the 500 m championship in 2013.

Kim made her World Cup debut in November 2011. As of September 2014, Kim's top World Cup finish is 15th in a 1000 m race at Salt Lake City in 2013–14. Her best overall finish in the World Cup is 22nd, in the 2013–14 1000 m.
1998 Penwith District Council election
Elections to Penwith District Council were held on 7 May 1998.  One third of the council was up for election and the council stayed under no overall control. Overall turnout was 31.0%.

After the election, the composition of the council was:

Liberal Democrat 12

Conservative 7

Independent 7

Labour 6

Others 2

Penwith
Penwith (/ˌpɛnˈwɪθ/; Cornish: Pennwydh) is an area of Cornwall, England, located on the peninsula of the same name. It is also the name of a former local government district, whose council was based in Penzance. The area is named after one of the ancient administrative hundreds of Cornwall which derives from two Cornish words, penn meaning 'headland' and wydh meaning 'at the end'.

Natural England have designated the peninsula as national character area 156 and named it West Penwith. It is also known as the Land's End Peninsula.
First Nations Development Institute
First Nations Development Institute (First Nations) is a nonprofit organization that assists Native American tribes, their communities, and Native nonprofits in economic development by providing technical assistance, training, policy, and the awarding of grants. Public education is another area of focus. It is based in Longmont, Colorado. Charity Navigator gave First Nations Development Institute a four-star rating.

W. K. Kellogg Foundation
The W. K. Kellogg Foundation was founded in June 1930 as the W. K. Kellogg Child Welfare Foundation by breakfast cereal pioneer Will Keith Kellogg. In 1934, Kellogg donated more than $66 million in Kellogg Company stock and other investments to the W. K. Kellogg Trust. Ninety years later, the W.K. Kellogg Foundation manages more than eight billion dollars in assets ($8.7 billion USD) and is  one of the largest philanthropic foundations in the world.
Buckinghorse River Wayside Provincial Park
Buckinghorse River Wayside Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada located on the Alaska Highway (Highway 97), approximately 175 km northwest of the city of Fort St. John.  It is located on the north side of the Buckinghorse River, to the northwest of the community of Pink Mountain.  The park is 36 ha. in size and is near the community of Buckinghorse River.

The park was established by Order-in-Council in 1970, comprising initially 102 acres.  The park's area was expanded the same year to approximately 135 acres.  In 2000, the boundary was redrawn, with the current area comprising approximately 55 hectares.

Order in Council
An Order in Council (abbreviated as OIC in some countries) is a type of legal instrument issued by the executive branch of a government, often the head of state or their representatives, on the advice of a cabinet or council of ministers. These instruments are used in several Commonwealth realms, with equivalent instruments also found in countries with a Westminster system of government. Although the specifics vary by country, Orders in Council typically allow the executive to make formal decisions or regulations without enacting new legislation.
Ian Beausoleil-Morrison
Ian Beausoleil-Morrison is a Canadian energy expert. He is a full professor in the School of mechanical and aerospace engineering at Carleton University in Ottawa, Ontario and a past adjunct associate professor at both Dalhousie University and the University of Victoria. He holds a Bachelor's of Applied Science and a Master's of Applied Science from the University of Waterloo, and a Ph.D. from the University of Strathclyde, Scotland.

University of Victoria
The University of Victoria (UVic) is a public research university located in the municipalities of Oak Bay and Saanich, British Columbia, Canada. Established in 1903 as Victoria College, the institution was initially an affiliated college of McGill University until 1915. From 1921 to 1963, it functioned as an affiliate of the University of British Columbia. In 1963, the institution was re-organized into an independent university.
Ethel Skyles Alexander
Ethel Skyles Alexander (January 16, 1925 – September 10, 2016) was a Democratic member of the Illinois House of Representatives and Illinois Senate. She served in four General Assemblies in the House and four General Assemblies in the Senate. Carol Moseley Braun described Alexander as her mentor.

Born in Chicago, Alexander graduated from Englewood High School. She received an associate of arts degree from Loop College (now Harold Washington College). She also took an IBM Executive Training Course there. She worked in the Cook County, Illinois Circuit Court office for 33 years. Her father, Charles Skyles, had served in the Illinois General Assembly.

Harold Washington College
Harold Washington College is a public municipal community college in the Loop community area of Chicago, Illinois, United States. It is part of the City Colleges of Chicago system.

Founded in 1962 as Loop College, the college was renamed for the first African American to be elected Mayor of Chicago, Harold Washington, (1922–1987), after his sudden death in office in November 1987.