hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pat Ward (footballer)
Pat Ward (28 December 1926 – 15 March 2003) was a Scottish-born footballer who played as a wing half in the 1950s.

He was born in Dumbarton, and after playing for junior side Glasgow Perthshire he was signed by Hibernian. He made his debut for Hibs on 24 March 1951 against St Mirren, although he did not play many games in his first three seasons. Ward made his breakthrough in 1953–54, with 26 appearances, although after a further 19 matches in the following campaign, he was transferred to Leicester City. In all he played 53 times for Hibs, scoring one goal (against Raith Rovers on 16 October 1954).

He made a total of 57 English Football League appearances for Leicester, and for a time kept Colin Appleton out of the left half position. In the 1957–58 season he made three appearances for Leicester.

Ward left Leicester for Crewe Alexandra, and made 31 League appearances for them before joining Bedford Town.

Dumbarton
Dumbarton (/dʌmˈbɑːrtən/; Scots: Dumbairton, Dumbartoun or Dumbertan; Scottish Gaelic: Dùn Breatann [t̪um ˈpɾʲɛht̪ən̪ˠ] or Dùn Breatainn [t̪um ˈpɾʲɛht̪ɪɲ], meaning 'fort of the Britons') is a town in West Dunbartonshire, Scotland, on the north bank of the River Clyde where the River Leven flows into the Clyde estuary. In 2006, it had an estimated population of 19,990.

Dumbarton was the capital of the ancient Kingdom of Strathclyde, and later the county town of Dunbartonshire.
Dumbarton Castle, on top of Dumbarton Rock, dominates the area. Dumbarton was a royal burgh between 1222 and 1975.

Dumbarton emerged from the 19th century as a centre for shipbuilding, glassmaking, and whisky production. However, these industries have since declined, and Dumbarton today is increasingly a commuter town for Glasgow 13 miles (21 km) east-southeast of it. Dumbarton F.C. is the local football club.
Op. 83
In music, Op. 83 stands for Opus number 83. Compositions that are assigned this number include:

Brahms – Piano Concerto No. 2

Elgar – String Quartet

Glazunov – Symphony No. 8

Prokofiev – Piano Sonata No. 7

Ries – Violin Sonata No. 19

Saint-Saëns – Havanaise

Schumann – 3 Gesänge

Shostakovich – String Quartet No. 4

Sibelius – Everyman (Jedermann or Jokamies), theatre score for soloists, mixed choir, and orchestra (1916)

String Quartet No. 4 (Shostakovich)
Dmitri Shostakovich's String Quartet No. 4 in D major, Op. 83, was composed in 1949 and premiered in Moscow on 3 December 1953. It is dedicated to the memory of Pyotr Williams (1902–1947), a painter and set designer who was a close friend of Shostakovich.

It has four movements:

Playing time is approximately 25 minutes.

The quartet contains a Jewish dance theme.
Shenzhen Cultural Center
Shenzhen Cultural Center includes Shenzhen Concert Hall and Shenzhen Library and is located in the Futian district of Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. It was designed by Japanese architect Arata Isozaki. The vineyard-style concert hall seats 1800 and was opened in 2007.

It is located adjacent to the Shenzhen library and near Shenzhen civic center and Children's palace (少年宫) line 3 subway station. It is one of the two main concert venues in Shenzhen, the other being Nanshan cultural center (南山文体中心剧院).

The Belt and Road International Music Festival was inaugurated at Shenzhen concert hall in 2019. During the three week long music festival, a number of music concerts were held around the city including at the concert hall.

Other concert halls in Shenzhen include Shenzhen Polytheater (Nanshan) (深圳保利剧院).

Nanshan Cultural and Sports Center
Nanshan Cultural and Sports Center (Simplified Chinese: 南山文体中心) is a public cultural and sports venue located in Nanshan District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, China. It covers an area of 39,600 square meters, with a total construction area of 78,800 square meters and a project cost of 1 billion yuan. It consists of three parts: a theater, a gymnasium, and a swimming pool, and was put into use in 2014.
Sainte-Flavie
Sainte-Flavie (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃t flavi]) is a parish municipality in the La Mitis Regional County Municipality of Quebec, Canada, located on the south shore of the Saint Lawrence River, about 3 km (2 mi) northwest of Mont-Joli. It is named after Flavia, a martyred saint.

Sainte-Flavie is the westernmost point of Route 132's loop around the Gaspé Peninsula at which the road intersects with itself.

La Mitis Regional County Municipality
La Mitis is a regional county municipality in the Bas-Saint-Laurent region in eastern Quebec, Canada on the Gaspé peninsula. It is named for the Mitis River (The Mitis) which has its source in the region (at Lac Inférieur) and flows through the central part of the region before emptying into the Saint Lawrence River.

The county seat is in Mont-Joli.
Omokage
"Omokage" (おもかげ; lit. "vestige") is a song by Japanese singer-songwriters Milet, Aimer, and Lilas Ikuta. It was released on December 17, 2021, as YouTube channel The First Take's second collaboration project after Lisa and Uru's "Saikai". Written and produced by Vaundy, the song expresses the good feeling of facing yourself and the people.

The song accompanied Sony's wireless noise-canceling earphones WF-1000XM4 advertisement, starring the singers and first launched on November 4. The live performance on The First Take channel premiered on the same day as the release date. Vaundy's self-cover version of "Omokage" was included in his first EP Hadaka no Yūsha (2022). The singers and Vaundy gave a televised debut performance of the song at 73rd NHK Kōhaku Uta Gassen on December 31, 2022.

73rd NHK Kōhaku Uta Gassen
The 73rd NHK Kōhaku Uta Gassen (第73回NHK紅白歌合戦, Dai 73 Kai Enu Eichi Kei Kōhaku Uta Gassen) was the 2022 (Reiwa 4) edition of NHK's New Year's Eve TV special Kōhaku Uta Gassen held on December 31, 2022. The previous year, the broadcast was held from the Tokyo International Forum, due to renovations at NHK Hall. The NHK Broadcasting Center was also used. With renovations completed in June 2022, the show returned to be broadcast live from NHK Hall. Ive, Le Sserafim, Twice, and other groups appeared. The White Team won this contest.
Parahenodus
Parahenodus (meaning "near Henodus", with Henodus meaning "single tooth") is an extinct genus of henodontid placodont only known from a skull, discovered between 2008 and 2015 and described in 2018. It lived during the Late Triassic (Carnian–Norian). The skull, named and described as Parahenodus atancensis, was discovered in Keuper Facies of the Castilian Branche of the Iberian Range in the reservoir of El Atance (Sigüenza, Spain). It was the sister taxon to Henodus.

Carnian
The Carnian (less commonly, Karnian) is the lowermost stage of the Upper Triassic Series (or earliest age of the Late Triassic Epoch). It lasted from 237 to 227.3 million years ago (Ma). The Carnian is preceded by the Ladinian and is followed by the Norian. Its boundaries are not characterized by major extinctions or biotic turnovers, but a climatic event (known as the Carnian pluvial episode characterized by substantial rainfall) occurred during the Carnian and seems to be associated with important extinctions or biotic radiations. Another extinction occurred at the Carnian-Norian boundary, ending the Carnian age.
Ste. Rose (electoral district)
Ste. Rose was a provincial electoral district of Manitoba, Canada. It was created by redistribution in 1914, and existed until 2011.

Ste. Rose was located in the southwestern section of the province. It was bordered to the north by Swan River, to the west by Russell, Dauphin-Roblin, and Minnedosa, to the south by Turtle Mountain and to the east by Lake Manitoba.

Communities in the riding included Gladstone, Neepawa, McCreary, Ste. Rose, Ste. Rose du Lac and Westbourne.

Gladstone, Manitoba
Gladstone is an unincorporated urban community in the Municipality of WestLake – Gladstone within the Canadian province of Manitoba that held town status prior to January 1, 2015. It is located on the Yellowhead Highway at the intersection with Highway 34. The Gladstone railway station receives Via Rail service.
Artumas Group
Artumas Group is a petroleum company that operates in the Rovuma Delta Basin in Tanzania and Mozambique. The company is currently involved in regional natural gas export and local gas commercialization initiatives within Tanzania, and hydrocarbon exploration operations in Mozambique.  Artumas is based in Canada and listed on the Oslo Stock Exchange.

In September 2010, Artumas Group unanimously voted to change the name of the company to "Wentworth Resources Limited". It currently trades on the Oslo Stock Exchange as "WRL".

Oslo Stock Exchange
59°54′31.31″N 10°44′52.06″E﻿ / ﻿59.9086972°N 10.7477944°E﻿ / 59.9086972; 10.7477944

Oslo Stock Exchange (Norwegian: Oslo Børs) (OSE: OSLO) is a stock exchange within the Nordic countries and offers Norway's only regulated markets for securities trading today. The stock exchange offers a full product range including equities, derivatives and fixed income instruments.

The Euronext consortium of European stock exchanges controls Oslo Stock Exchange as of June 2019.
Neisseria
Neisseria is a large genus of bacteria that colonize the mucous membranes of many animals. Of the 11 species that colonize humans, only two are pathogens: N. meningitidis and N. gonorrhoeae.

Neisseria species are Gram-negative bacteria included among the Pseudomonadota, a large group of Gram-negative forms. Neisseria diplococci resemble coffee beans when viewed microscopically.

Mucous membrane
A mucous membrane or mucosa is a membrane that lines various cavities in the body of an organism and covers the surface of internal organs. It consists of one or more layers of epithelial cells overlying a layer of loose connective tissue known as the lamina propria. It is mostly of endodermal origin and is continuous with the skin at body openings such as the eyes, eyelids, ears, inside the nose, inside the mouth, lips, the genital areas, the urethral opening and the anus. Some mucous membranes secrete mucus, a thick protective fluid. The function of the membrane is to stop pathogens and dirt from entering the body and to prevent bodily tissues from becoming dehydrated.

Amphibians, fish, snails, slugs, and some other invertebrates also produce external mucus from their epidermis as protection against pathogens, to help in movement, and to line fish gills. Plants produce a similar substance called mucilage that is also produced by some microorganisms.
Qazma
Qazma (also, Kazma and Kazmatabun Avar: Рогьноб) is a village and municipality in the Balakan Rayon of Azerbaijan.  It has a population of 6,639.  The municipality consists of the villages of Qazma, Bedağar, Darvazbinə, Cillik, Öküzovtala, and Şambulbinə.

Avar language
Avar (авар мацӏ, avar maⱬ [ʔaˈwar mat͡sʼː] or магӏарул мацӏ, maⱨarul maⱬ [maʕarul mat͡sʼː], 'language of the mountains'), also known as Avaric, is a Northeast Caucasian language of the Avar–Andic subgroup that is spoken by Avars, primarily in Dagestan. In 2010, there were approximately one million speakers in Dagestan and elsewhere in Russia.
Henry Taubman House
The Henry Taubman House is a historic residence located in Maquoketa, Iowa, United States.  This Greek Revival house represents the earliest extant houses in Maquoketa that were built during its early growth period.  Built in 1854, the two-story frame house features a gable roof,  cornice returns, pilasters, and a single-story wing on the east side.  This house is one of five left in Maquoketa in the Greek Revival style.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991.

Maquoketa, Iowa
Maquoketa (/məˈkoʊkɪtə/) is a city in Jackson County, Iowa, United States. Located on the Maquoketa River, it is the county seat of Jackson County. The population was 6,128 at the 2020 census.

U.S. Route 61 adjoins the city, which therefore hosts traffic between Dubuque and the Quad Cities. Iowa Highways 62 and 64 also pass through the city. Maquoketa Caves State Park is located a few miles northwest of Maquoketa.
Somoto, Madriz
Somoto (Spanish pronunciation: [soˈmoto]) is a city and a municipality located in the hills of northern Nicaragua, and capital of the department of Madriz. It is around 20 km (12 miles) south-west of Ocotal and 51 km (32 miles) north-west of Estelí. It sits on the Pan-American Highway around 16 km (10 miles) from the Honduran border crossing at El Espino.

Founded in pre-Columbian times by Olmec and Aztec immigrants from modern Mexico, Somoto is the economic and cultural heart of Madriz. It has also become a growing tourist centre since the discovery of Somoto Canyon, located 13 km (8 miles) west of the city. Somoto Municipality has a total population of 40,322, with 21,211 people living in the urban area and 19,111 in 48 nearby communities.

It is known as La Flor de Henequén (the Flower of Henequen) as a result of the cultivation of this crop in the city's environs. It is also renowned for its production of rosquillas somoteñas, crispy corn biscuits with a variety of flavours.

Agave fourcroydes
Agave fourcroydes or henequen is a species of flowering plant in the family Asparagaceae, native to southern Mexico and Guatemala. It is reportedly naturalized in Madeira, Italy, the Canary Islands, Costa Rica, Cuba, Hispaniola, the Cayman Islands and the Lesser Antilles.
Laughter in Court
Laughter in Court is a 1936 comedy play by the British writer Hugh Mills. It premiered at the Grand Theatre, Blackpool before transferring to the Shaftesbury Theatre in London's West End where it ran for 117 performances. The West End cast included Yvonne Arnaud, Ronald Squire, Evelyn Roberts, Edmund Breon and Wilfrid Caithness. It was one of a number of plays of the era with courtroom settings.

Evelyn Roberts
Evelyn Roberts (28 August 1886 – 30 November 1962) was an English stage and film actor. He made his stage debut in 1918 after serving in WW I; and his theatre work included the original Broadway production of R.C. Sherriff's Journey's End in 1929-1930.
Alexander Rehding
Alexander Rehding  is Fanny Peabody Professor of Music at Harvard University. Rehding is a music theorist and musicologist with a focus on intellectual history and media theory, known for innovative interdisciplinary work. His publications explore music in a wide range of contexts from Ancient Greek music to the Eurovision Song Contest—and even in outer space. His research has contributed to Riemannian theory, the history of music theory, sound studies, and media archaeology, reaching into the digital humanities and ecomusicology.

Suzannah Clark
Suzannah Clark (born February 3, 1969) is a Canadian-British musicologist and music theorist specializing in the music of Franz Schubert, the history of music theory, and medieval music. She is currently Morton B. Knafel Professor of Music and Director of the Mahindra Humanities Center at Harvard University. In 2019 she was named Harvard College Professor, and served from 2016 to 2019 as chair of Harvard's Department of Music.
Zec de la Petite-Rivière-Cascapédia
Zec Petite-Rivière-Cascapédia is a "zone d'exploitation contrôlée" (controlled harvesting zone) (ZEC) in the unorganized territory of Rivière-Bonaventure, in Bonaventure Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region Gaspésie-Îles-de-la-Madeleine, in Quebec, in Canada. The main purpose of the ZEC is managing salmon fishing.

Commission de toponymie du Québec
The Commission de toponymie du Québec (French pronunciation: [kɔmisjɔ̃ də tɔpɔnimi dy kebɛk], Toponymy Commission of Québec) is the Government of Québec's public body responsible for cataloging, preserving, making official and publicizing Québec's place names and their origins according to the province's toponymy rules. 
It also provides recommendations to the government with regard to toponymic changes.

Its mandate covers the namings of:

natural geographical features (lakes, rivers, mountains, etc.)

constructed features (dams, embankments, bridges, etc.)

administrative units (wildlife sanctuaries, administrative regions, parks, etc.)

inhabited areas (villages, towns, Indian reserves, etc.)

roadways (streets, roads, boulevards, etc.)

A child agency of the Office québécois de la langue française, it was created in 1977 through jurisdiction defined in the Charter of the French Language to replace the Commission of Geography, created in 1912.
Atlético Chiapas
Club Atlético Chiapas was a Mexican football club based in Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas. The club played in the Liga de Nuevos Talentos of the Segunda División de México and played their home team match games in the Estadio Víctor Manuel Reyna. The club was dissolved on July 19, 2015.

Serie A de México
Liga Premier Serie A is a professional association football league in Mexico, part of the Liga Premier as the major subdivision in the third level of the Mexican football league system. Formerly named Liga Premier de Ascenso (2008–2017), it was created for clubs with the best infraestructure to compete for promotion to Liga de Expansión MX. The Serie A has 41 participating clubs, divided into three groups by geographic location (two groups with 14 clubs and one group with 13 clubs), the champions are decided by a final knockout phase. The winners of Serie A are crowned as the Liga Premier champions.
Alt-Tempelhof (Berlin U-Bahn)
Alt-Tempelhof (Old Tempelhof) is a Berlin U-Bahn station on the U6. It is located under Tempelhofer Damm in the centre of the former village of Tempelhof, now a Berlin district within the borough of Tempelhof-Schöneberg. The station opened on 28 February 1966.

Tempelhof
Tempelhof (German: [ˈtɛmpl̩hoːf] ⓘ) is a locality of Berlin within the borough of Tempelhof-Schöneberg. It is the location of the former Tempelhof Airport, one of the earliest commercial airports in the world. The former airport and surroundings are now a park called Tempelhofer Feld, making it the largest inner city open space in the world.

The Tempelhof locality is located in the south-central part of the city. Before Berlin's 2001 administrative reform, the area of Tempelhof, together with the localities of Mariendorf, Marienfelde, and Lichtenrade, constituted a borough of its own, also called Tempelhof. These localities grew from historic villages on the Teltow plateau founded in the early 13th century in the course of the German Ostsiedlung.
James R. Biard
James Robert Biard (May 20, 1931 – September 23, 2022) was an American electrical engineer and inventor who held 73 U.S. patents. Some of his more significant patents include the first infrared light-emitting diode (LED), the optical isolator, Schottky clamped logic circuits, silicon metal–oxide–semiconductor read-only memory (MOS ROM), a low bulk leakage current avalanche photodetector, and fiber-optic data links. In 1980, Biard became a member of the staff of Texas A&M University as an adjunct professor of electrical engineering. In 1991, he was elected as a member into the National Academy of Engineering for contributions to semiconductor light-emitting diodes and lasers, Schottky-clamped logic, and read-only memories.

Schottky diode
The Schottky diode (named after the German physicist Walter H. Schottky), also known as Schottky barrier diode or hot-carrier diode, is a semiconductor diode formed by the junction of a semiconductor with a metal. It has a low forward voltage drop and a very fast switching action. The cat's-whisker detectors used in the early days of wireless and metal rectifiers used in early power applications can be considered primitive Schottky diodes.

When sufficient forward voltage is applied, a current flows in the forward direction. A silicon p–n diode has a typical forward voltage of 600–700 mV, while the Schottky's forward voltage is 150–450 mV. This lower forward voltage requirement allows higher switching speeds and better system efficiency.
Germany at the 2024 Summer Olympics
Germany participated at the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris from 26 July to 11 August 2024. It was the nation's eighteenth consecutive appearance at the Summer Olympic Games, except for 1920 and 1924 due to the nation's role in World War I, and 1948 for the nation's role in World War II. From 1956 through 1964, Germans competed as part of the United Team of Germany (UTG); in 1968, the team was split into two teams West Germany and East Germany. West Germany boycotted the 1980 games as part of the American-led boycott, and then returned in 1984. East Germany boycotted the 1984 games as part of the Soviet-led boycott, and in 1988, East Germany returned for the last time. One year after the fall of the Berlin Wall, West and East Germany re-united as one country with their reunification in 1990, and it has participated in every Summer Olympics since 1992 games in Barcelona.

The German Olympic Sports Confederation appointed Olaf Tabor as the nation's chef de mission for Paris 2024.

1980 Summer Olympics boycott
The United States led the 1980 Summer Olympics boycott to protest against the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. More than 60 countries joined the boycott to varying degrees, affecting athletes, fans, and international relations. The absence of so many competitors changed the outcomes of some events, led to alternative competitions, and influenced the 1984 Olympics, which the Soviets later boycotted. The Soviet Union, which hosted the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, and its satellite states later boycotted the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles.
Harischandrapur railway station
Harischandrapur railway station is an important railway station on the Howrah–New Jalpaiguri line of Katihar railway division of Northeast Frontier Railway Zone. It is situated beside National Highway 81 at Harischandrapur of Malda district in the Indian state of West Bengal. Toatal 34 trains including number of express trains stop at Harischandrapur railway station. This station serves Harishchandrapur I and Harishchandrapur II Community Development Block.

Northeast Frontier Railway zone
The Northeast Frontier Railway (abbreviated NFR) is one of the 19 railway zones of the Indian Railways. It is headquartered in Maligaon, Guwahati in the state of Assam, and responsible for operation and expansion of rail network all across Northeastern states and some districts of eastern Bihar and northern West Bengal.
Rancho San José del Valle
Rancho San José del Valle (also called "Rancho Agua Caliente" or "Warner's Rancho") was a 26,689-acre (108.01 km2) Mexican land grant in present-day San Diego County, California, given in 1840 by Governor Juan B. Alvarado to José Antonio Pico, and then given in 1844 by Governor Manuel Micheltorena to Juan José Warner. The most northeasterly grant made within present-day San Diego County, it was bounded on the west by Palomar Mountain, and on the south by Buena Vista Creek and Rancho Valle de San Jose, and encompassed present-day Warner Springs. The western part of the grant is under the waters of Lake Henshaw, formed in 1922 by a dam on the San Luis Rey River.

San Luis Rey River
The San Luis Rey River is a river in northern San Diego County, California.

The river's headwaters are in the Palomar Mountain Range and Cleveland National Forest, near Palomar Mountain and the Santa Rosa Mountains. The river mouth, on the Pacific Ocean, is in northern Oceanside. The San Luis Rey River bike path runs along it for its last 9 miles (14 km).

The river is over 69 miles (111 km) long and drains 562 square miles (1,460 km2). There is little water in the river during most of the year, but it can have very large flows during winter storms.