hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Research proposal
A research proposal is a document proposing a research project, generally in the sciences or academia, and generally constitutes a request for sponsorship of that research. Proposals are evaluated on the cost and potential impact of the proposed research, and on the soundness of the proposed plan for carrying it out. Research proposals generally address several key points:

What research question(s) will be addressed, and how they will be addressed

How much time and expense will be required for the research

What prior research has been done on the topic

How the results of the research will be evaluated

How the research will benefit the sponsoring organization and other parties

Cost estimate
A cost estimate is the approximation of the cost of a program, project, or operation. The cost estimate is the product of the cost estimating process. The cost estimate has a single total value and may have identifiable component values.

The U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO) defines a cost estimate as "the summation of individual cost elements, using established methods and valid data, to estimate the future costs of a program, based on what is known today".

The American Association of Cost Engineering (AACEI) defines a cost estimate as the prediction of the probable costs of a project or effort, for a given and documented scope, a defined location, and point of time in the future (February 2021).

Potential cost overruns can be avoided with a credible, reliable, and accurate cost estimate.
Nord 4.061 to 4.340
Nord 4.061 to 4.340 were a class of 2-8-0 tender goods locomotives of the Chemins de fer du Nord. At nationalisation on 1 January 1938, they all passed to the SNCF who renumbered them 2-140.A.1 to 2-140.A.280.

HO scale
HO or H0 is a rail transport modelling scale using a 1:87 scale (3.5 mm to 1 foot). It is the most popular scale of model railway in the world. The rails are spaced 16.5 millimetres (0.650 in) apart for modelling 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge tracks and trains in HO.

The name HO comes from 1:87 scale being half that of O scale, which was originally the smallest of the series of older and larger 0, 1, 2 and 3 gauges introduced by Märklin around 1900. Rather than referring to the scale as "half-zero" or "H-zero", English-speakers have consistently  pronounced it /eɪtʃ oʊ/ and have generally written it with the letters HO. In other languages it also remains written with the letter H and number 0 (zero); in German it is thus pronounced as [ha: 'nʊl]. In Japan, many models are produced using 1:80 scale (16.5 mm track is still used).
Chane Behanan
Chane Xavier Behanan (/ˈʃeɪn bəˈhænən/ SHAYN bə-HAN-ən; born September 24, 1992) is an American professional basketball player. Behanan, who won an NCAA title at Louisville, was going to transfer to Colorado State to redshirt the 2014–15 season but instead declared for the 2014 NBA draft in which he subsequently went undrafted.

Santeros de Aguada
Santeros de Aguada are a Puerto Rican professional basketball team of the Baloncesto Superior Nacional (BSN). The team was originally based in Aguada, Puerto Rico, and although the team moved to Fajardo in 2021, even changing their name and re-branding to Cariduros de Fajardo with the move, the team was moved again to Aguada to start the 2024 season.
Children of No Importance
Children of No Importance or The Illegitimate (German: Die Unehelichen) is a 1926 German silent drama film directed by Gerhard Lamprecht and starring Bernhard Goetzke, Margarete Kupfer and Elsa Wagner. It was part of the series of Enlightenment films produced in Weimar Germany, examining social issues such as illegitimate children.

Gerhard Lamprecht
Gerhard Lamprecht (6 October 1897 – 4 May 1974) was a German film director, screenwriter and film historian. He directed 63 films between 1920 and 1958. He also wrote for 26 films between 1918 and 1958.
USS Sentinel (SP-180)
USS Sentinel (SP-180) was the first United States Navy vessel to bear the name. It was a motorboat built in 1917 by Pacific Shipyards and Ways Co., Alameda, California and was purchased by the United States Navy from W. G. Tibbetts on 9 August 1917 and commissioned the same day.

Alameda, California
Alameda (/ˌæləˈmiːdə/ ⓘ AL-ə-MEE-də; Spanish: [alaˈmeða]; Spanish for "tree-lined path") is a city in Alameda County, California, United States, located in the East Bay region of the Bay Area. The city is built on an informal archipelago in San Francisco Bay, consisting of Alameda Island, Bay Farm Island and Coast Guard Island, along with other smaller islands. As of the 2020 census, the city's population was 78,280.
Chrysocicada trophis
Chrysocicada trophis is a species of cicada, also known as the golden alea, in the true cicada family, Cicadettinae subfamily and Pictilini tribe. The species is endemic to Australia. It was described in 2022 by Australian entomologists Maxwell Sydney Moulds and David C. Marshall.

Maxwell Sydney Moulds
Maxwell Sydney Moulds (b. 1941) is an Australian entomologist. The majority of his books are written about cicadas. He led a morphological analysis that found that cicadas separate naturally into clades according to biogeographical area.
Opus Casino
Opus Casino (formerly Liquid Vegas, Royal Star, Liberty II, Liberty I, Royal Empress, Punta Pedrera) is a cruiseferry built in 1985 in Valencia, Spain for Marítima de Formentera SA, to handle traffic between Ibiza and Formentera. In July 2012, the vessel was donated to The Seasteading Institute, and is currently available for bareboat charter or sale, preferably to businesses that could support experimentation with long-term ocean habitation.

Ibiza
Ibiza (/ɪˈbiːzə/ (US) /ɪˈbiːθə/ (UK); Spanish: [iˈβiθa]; Catalan: Eivissa [əjˈvisə]; see below) or Iviza is a Spanish island in the Mediterranean Sea off the eastern coast of the Iberian Peninsula. It is 150 kilometres (93 miles) from the city of Valencia. It is the third largest of the Balearic Islands in area, but the second-largest by population. Its largest settlements are Ibiza Town (Catalan: Vila d'Eivissa, or simply Vila), Santa Eulària des Riu, and Sant Antoni de Portmany. Its highest point, called Sa Talaiassa (or Sa Talaia), is 475 metres (1,558 feet) above sea level.

Ibiza is well known for its nightlife and electronic dance music club scene in  the summer, which attract large numbers of tourists. The island's government and the Spanish Tourist Office have worked toward promoting more family-oriented tourism.

Ibiza is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Ibiza and the nearby island of Formentera to its south are called the Pine Islands, or "Pityuses".
Kersti
Kersti is mainly an Estonian feminine given name.

People named Kersti include:

Kersti Bergroth (1886–1975), Finnish author and playwright

Kersti Börjars (born 1960), Swedish linguistics scholar

Kersti Heinloo (born 1976), Estonian actress

Kersti Juva (born 1948), Finnish translator

Kersti Kreismann (born 1947), Estonian actress

Kersti Kaljulaid (born 1969), Estonian politician, fifth President of Estonia

Kersti Merilaas (1913–1986), Estonian poet and translator

Kersti Sarapuu (born 1954), Estonian politician

Fictional characters named Kersti include:

Kersti, Mario's main companion in the 2012 video game Paper Mario: Sticker Star

Kersti Juva
Kersti Anna Linnea Juva (born 17 September 1948) is a Finnish translator, recognized in particular for her translation into Finnish of J.R.R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings trilogy, for which she won the State Prize for Literature in 1976.  Her translations of Shakespeare have been acclaimed for preserving the iambic pentameter of the verses. She was awarded the Mikael Agricola Translation Prize by the Finnish Association of Translators and Interpreters and Finnish Book Foundation for her translations of The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman in 1999. In 2014, she was inducted into the European Science Fiction Society's Hall of Fame for her translation work. An open lesbian, she is a vocal advocate for the homosexual community in Finland.
Solgohalia
Solgohalia is a census town within the jurisdiction of the Baruipur police station in the Baruipur CD block in the Baruipur subdivision of the South 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

Community development block
In India, a community development block (CD block) or simply a block is a sub-division of a district, administratively earmarked for planning and development. In tribal areas, similar sub-divisions are called tribal development blocks (TD blocks). The area is administered by a block development officer (BDO), supported by several technical specialists and village-level workers. A community development block covers several gram panchayats, the local administrative units at the village level. A block is a rural subdivision and typically smaller than a tehsil. A tehsil is purely for revenue administration, whereas a block is for rural development purposes. In most states, a block is coterminous with the panchayat samiti area.
Ahmad Mohseni Garakani
Sheikh Ahmad Mohseni Garakani Persian: شیخ احمد محسنی گرکانی, (born 1926) is an Iranian Ayatollah. He was the Imam of Friday Prayer in Tuyserkan and the Chief of the Supreme Court of Iran, as well as representing the people of Markazi province in the Assembly of Experts from 1998 to 2024.

Muhsin al-Hakim
Muhsin al-Tabataba'i al-Hakim (Arabic: محسن الطباطبائي الحكيم, romanized: Muḥsin al-Ṭabāṭabāʾī al-Ḥakīm; 31 May 1889 – 2 June 1970) was an Iraqi Shia religious authority. He became the leading marja' of Najaf in 1946 after the death of Abu al-Hasan al-Isfahani, and of the majority of the Shia world in 1961, after the death of Hossein Borujerdi. He died in 1970.
Nancy Temkin
Nancy R. Temkin is an American statistician who works on the biostatistics of traumatic brain injury. She is a professor of neurological surgery and biostatistics at the University of Washington, and serves on the National Research Council Committee on Sports-Related Concussions in Youth.

Temkin earned bachelor's and master's degrees in mathematics and statistics, respectively, from the University of Connecticut in 1970 and 1971. She completed her PhD in 1976 from the University at Buffalo.

She is a fellow of the American Statistical Association and a recipient of the Distinguished Service Award of the American Epilepsy Society.

American Epilepsy Society
The American Epilepsy Society (AES) is a nationwide 501(c)(3) non-profit organization for medical professionals and scientific investigators dedicated to finding the prevention, treatment, and cure of epilepsy.
Oh-Ebashi LPC & Partners
Oh-Ebashi LPC & Partners (弁護士法人大江橋法律事務所, Bengoshi Hōjin Ōebashi Hōritsu Jimusho) is the largest law firm in Osaka, Japan and 8th largest law firm in Japan.

After 10 years of relationship with China-based clients, Oh-Ebashi LPC & Partners was the first Japanese law firm to open an office abroad in Shanghai, China.

Although all three offices of Oh-Ebashi LPC & Partners are active in Corporate Legal Affairs, Individual Representation and Pro Bono Activities, Osaka-based M&A work concerning foreign and domestic companies remains a "core strength".

Law firm
A law firm is a business entity formed by one or more lawyers to engage in the practice of law. The primary service rendered by a law firm is to advise clients (individuals or corporations) about their legal rights and responsibilities, and to represent clients in civil or criminal cases, business transactions, and other matters in which legal advice and other assistance are sought.
Sillyon
Sillyon (Greek: Σύλλιον), Stephanus of Byzantium called it Σύλειον, Σύλαιον, Σύλλον and Σίλονον in Byzantine times Syllaeum or Syllaion (Συλλαῖον), was an important fortress and city near Attaleia in Pamphylia, on the southern coast of modern Turkey. The native Greco-Pamphylian form was Selywiys, possibly deriving from the original Hittite Sallawassi. Its modern Turkish names are Yanköy Hisarı or Asar Köy.

Stephanus of Byzantium
Stephanus or Stephen of Byzantium (Latin: Stephanus Byzantinus; Ancient Greek: Στέφανος Βυζάντιος, Stéphanos Byzántios; fl. 6th century AD) was an Eastern Roman grammarian and the author of an important geographical dictionary entitled Ethnica (Ἐθνικά). Only meagre fragments of the dictionary survive, but the epitome is extant, compiled by one Hermolaus, not otherwise identified.
Julie Chen (book artist)
Julie Chen (born 1963) is an internationally known book artist who has been publishing limited edition artists' books under the Flying Fish Press imprint since 1987. Her books combine text and image with innovative book structures to create reading experiences that engage the reader in interactions that go beyond the simple turning of a page. Her work can be found in numerous collections worldwide including the Library of Congress, Washington, D.C., the Victoria and Albert Museum, London, and the Sir George Grey Special Collections, Auckland, NZ. In 2009 she was a featured artist in the PBS television series Craft in America.

National Museum of Women in the Arts
The National Museum of Women in the Arts (NMWA), located in Washington, D.C., is "the first museum in the world solely dedicated" to championing women through the arts. NMWA was incorporated in 1981 by Wallace and Wilhelmina Holladay. Since opening in 1987, the museum has acquired a collection of more than 6,000 works by more than 1,000 artists, ranging from the 16th century to today. The collection includes works by Mary Cassatt, Alma Woodsey Thomas, Élisabeth Louise Vigée-LeBrun, and Amy Sherald. NMWA also holds the only painting by Frida Kahlo in Washington, D.C., Self-Portrait Dedicated to Leon Trotsky.

The museum occupies the old Masonic Temple, a building listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places. In 2021 the museum temporarily closed to undergo a $66 million transformative renovation. The museum reopened to the public on October 21, 2023.
XHUAH-FM
XHUAH-FM is a radio station in Pachuca and is the radio station of the Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo. It broadcasts on 99.7 MHz from studios on the UAEH campus.

The station began transmissions on September 16, 2000, with older music in English and Spanish, and formally launched on November 20.

In 2010, it increased its power from 3 to 10 kilowatts.

In 2015, the university was authorized to expand XHUAH's coverage with three new repeaters, each broadcasting at 2.81 kW. These stations serve as semi-satellites of Pachuca, including many of their own local programs. The Actopan station was awarded in December 2017. XHPECI-FM 91.1, an HD Radio station serving Tulancingo, signed on October 30, 2020.

XHBTH-FM 99.7, San Bartolo Tutotepec

XHHRH-FM 99.7, Huejutla de Reyes

XHUZH-FM 99.5, Zimapán

XHPECW-FM 102.1, Actopan

XHPECI-FM 91.1, Tulancingo

Huejutla de Reyes
Huejutla de Reyes is a city and one of the 84 municipalities of Hidalgo, in central-eastern Mexico. The name comes from the Nahuatl huexotl ("willow") and tlan ("place"), while "de Reyes" commemorates local cobbler Antonio Reyes Cabrera who died defending Huejutla from French invaders in 1866.

The municipality covers an area of 377.8 km2 in the northeast of Hidalgo, in the Huasteca region, on the border with the state of Veracruz. As of 2005, the municipality had a total population of 115,786. but only 36,305 live in the metropolitan area, whereas the remaining population live in various small communities. Around 73,200 people speak indigenous languages, primarily Huasteca Nahuatl.

It has been called "the Heart of La Huasteca".
Leoluca Orlando
Leoluca Orlando (born 1 August 1947) is an Italian politician. He was mayor of Palermo for over twenty years and was president of the Italian Federation of American Football (FIDAF). He is best known for his strong opposition to the Sicilian Mafia during his mayoralty in the 1980s, which was publicly referenced in the media as the Palermo Spring (Italian: Primavera di Palermo).

2017 Italian local elections
The 2017 Italian local elections were held on Sunday 11 June. If necessary, a run-off vote was held on Sunday 25 June. The term of mayors and councils will last five years, unless an early election is triggered.

In the autonomous regions of Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol and Aosta Valley the elections will be held on 7 May.

The elections were characterized by a good performance of the centre-right coalition and many losses for the centre-left coalition, which however won in the majority of municipalities with more than 15,000 inhabitants, but lost in the most important cities like Genoa, L'Aquila and Parma; while the Five Star Movement was excluded from the runoffs in all the most important cities. In Lecce, the result was an anatra zoppa situation, as the centre-left candidate was elected mayor, but the centre-right coalition won a majority of seats on the city council.
Ferrocarril de Veracruz al Istmo
The Ferrocarril de Veracruz al Istmo (Vera Cruz and Isthmus Railway) was one of the primary pre-nationalization railways of Mexico. Incorporated in West Virginia in 1898 as the Vera Cruz and Pacific Railroad (Ferrocarril de Veracruz al Pacífico), it built a line from Córdoba to Jesús Carranza on the Tehuantepec National Railway, with a branch from Veracruz to Tierra Blanca. The Mexican government gained control in May 1904 and organized the Ferrocarril de Veracruz al Istmo to operate the property under lease.

Control was transferred to the government-owned Ferrocarriles Nacionales de México (National Railways of Mexico) in 1910, and in November 1913, that company took over the property and operations. Following privatization in the 1990s, Ferrosur acquired the former Veracruz al Istmo.

Ferrosur
The Ferrocarril del Sureste (reporting mark FSRR) (English: "Southeastern Railway"), commonly known by the syllabic abbreviation Ferrosur, is a railway that serves the southeastern regions of Mexico. The company was formed in 1998, following the privatization of Mexico's railways. Ferrosur won the concession to operate the southeastern railway, which includes the line between Mexico City and Mexico's busiest Gulf of Mexico/Atlantic Ocean port at Veracruz. Grupo México has owned the company since 2005. There are long-delayed plans to merge it with the company's other railway, Ferromex.
Nairn Street, Fremantle
Nairn Street is a  street in Fremantle, Western Australia. The 100 m (330 ft) street runs parallel to High Street and is part of the Fremantle West End Heritage area, which was established in late 2016.

Nairn Street is named after Major William Nairn (1767 – 1853), who served in the 46th (South Devonshire) Regiment of Foot.

46th (South Devonshire) Regiment of Foot
The 46th (South Devonshire) Regiment of Foot was an infantry regiment of the British Army, raised in 1741. Under the Childers Reforms it amalgamated with the 32nd (Cornwall) Regiment of Foot to form the Duke of Cornwall's Light Infantry in 1881, becoming the 2nd Battalion of the new regiment.
Robert Halliday (footballer)
Robert Lynch Halliday (born 14 January 1986) is a Scottish football defender who plays for Neilston in the Scottish Junior Football Association, West Region. He is married to famous Scottish footballer tipster John Stringer.

Neilston F.C.
Neilston Football Club are a Scottish football club based in Neilston, East Renfrewshire who currently play in the West of Scotland League First Division. This is tier 7 of the Scottish FA league pyramid system.
California State Route 185
State Route 185 (SR 185) is a state highway in the San Francisco Bay Area of the U.S. state of California. It runs along sections of Mission Boulevard in Hayward, East 14th Street in San Leandro and International Boulevard in Oakland. Though some maps mark SR 185's south end at State Route 92 (Jackson Street) in Hayward, control of the segment south of A Street was relinquished to the city. At the north end of SR 185 at International Boulevard and 42nd Avenue, the short State Route 77 (SR 77) heads southwest to Interstate 880.

Hayward, California
Hayward is a city in Alameda County, California, United States, in the East Bay subregion of the San Francisco Bay Area. With a population of 162,954 as of 2020, Hayward is the sixth largest city in the Bay Area, and the third largest in Alameda County. Hayward was ranked as the 36th most populous municipality in California. It is included in the San Francisco–Oakland–San Jose Metropolitan Statistical Area by the US Census. It is located primarily between Castro Valley, San Leandro and Union City, and lies at the eastern terminus of the San Mateo–Hayward Bridge.
Photoaffinity labeling
Photoaffinity labeling is a chemoproteomics technique used to attach "labels" to the active site of a large molecule, especially a protein. The "label" attaches to the molecule loosely and reversibly, and has an inactive site which can be converted using photolysis into a highly reactive form, which causes the label to bind more permanently to the large molecule via a covalent bond. The technique was first described in the 1970s. Molecules that have been used as labels in this process are often analogs of complex molecules, in which certain functional groups are replaced with a photoreactive group, such as an azide, a diazirine or a benzophenone.

Benzophenone
Benzophenone is a naturally occurring organic compound with the formula (C6H5)2CO, generally abbreviated Ph2CO. Benzophenone has been found in some fungi, fruits and plants, including grapes. It is a white solid with a low melting point and rose-like odor that is soluble in organic solvents. Benzophenone is the simplest diaromatic ketone. It is a widely used building block in organic chemistry, being the parent diarylketone.
Jeff Yorga
Jeff Yorga (born October 31, 1981, in Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan) was a Canadian Football League offensive lineman for the Toronto Argonauts. He was signed as a free agent by the Argonauts on February 21, 2006.  Prior to joining the Argonauts, Yorga played for the University of Regina Rams and the Regina Thunder.

University of Regina
The University of Regina is a public university located in Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada. Founded in 1911 as a private denominational high school of the Methodist Church of Canada, it began an association with the University of Saskatchewan as a junior college in 1925. It disaffiliated from its Methodist founders and fully ceded to the university in 1934; in 1961 it attained degree-granting status as the Regina Campus of the University of Saskatchewan. It became an autonomous university in 1974. The University of Regina is a research university with a focus on experiential learning. Record enrolment was seen in September 2023, with over 16,800 students enrolled.
The Dramatics
The Dramatics are an American soul music vocal group, formed in Detroit, Michigan, in 1964. They are best known for their 1970s hit songs "In the Rain" and "Whatcha See Is Whatcha Get", both of which were Top 10 Pop hits, as well as their later 1993 collaboration "Doggy Dogg World" with Snoop Dogg, a top 20 hit on the Billboard Rhythmic Top 40.

Rhythmic Airplay
The Rhythmic Airplay chart (previously named Rhythmic Songs, Rhythmic Top 40 and CHR/Rhythmic) is an airplay chart published weekly by Billboard magazine.

The chart tracks and measures the airplay of songs played on US rhythmic radio stations, whose playlist includes mostly hit-driven R&B/hip-hop, rhythmic pop, and some dance tracks. Nielsen Audio sometimes refers to the format as rhythmic contemporary hit radio.