hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tikrit University
Tikrit University (Arabic: جامعة تكريت) is an Iraqi university located in Tikrit, Saladin Province, Iraq. It was established in 1987. It is one of the largest universities in Iraq with over 30,000 students.

While it has faced challenges in recent years due to the conflict that has engulfed Iraq, it has begun to reemerge as a respected institution of higher education. It has sought to partner with other universities around the globe in an effort to reconnect its faculty and students to a global network. The university is accredited by Accreditation Service for International Colleges.

Saladin Governorate
The Saladin, Salah ad Din, or Salah Al-Din Governorate (Arabic: محافظة صلاح الدين, Muḥāfaẓat Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn) is one of Iraq's 19 governorates, north of Baghdad. It has an area of 24,363 square kilometres (9,407 sq mi), with an estimated population of 1,042,200 people in 2003. It is made up of 8 districts, with the capital being Tikrit. Before 1976 the governorate was part of Baghdad Governorate.

The governorate is named after Saladin or Salah ad-Din. This governorate is largely Sunni Arab and is also where Saddam Hussein, former president of Iraq, was born, in the village of Al-Awja. Salah Al-Din governorate, a traditional stronghold of Saddam and his Al-Bu Nasir tribe that is located in the heart of the Sunni Triangle, has been a centre of insurgencies, tribal rivalries, and political and sectarian violence since the 2003 U.S.-led Coalition invasion of Iraq.
Trillionaire (Future song)
"Trillionaire" is a song by American rapper Future featuring fellow American rapper YoungBoy Never Broke Again. It was sent to rhythmic contemporary radio on May 26, 2020, as the fifth single from the former's eighth studio album High Off Life (2020).

Rhythmic contemporary
Rhythmic contemporary, also known as Rhythmic Top 20, Rhythmic Top 30, Rhythmic Top 40, Rhythmic CHR or rhythmic crossover, is a primarily American music-radio format that includes a mix of EDM, upbeat rhythmic pop, hip-hop and upbeat R&B hits. Rhythmic contemporary never uses hard rock or country in its airplay, but it may occasionally use a reggae, Latin, reggaeton, or an urban contemporary gospel hit. Essentially, the format is a cross between the mainstream radio and urban contemporary radio formats.
Sony HDVS
Sony HDVS (High-Definition Video System) is a range of high-definition video equipment developed in the 1980s to support the Japanese Hi-Vision standard, an early analog high-definition television system. The range included professional video cameras, video monitors and linear video editing systems.

Display device
A display device is an output device for presentation of information in visual or tactile form (the latter used for example in tactile electronic displays for blind people). When the input information that is supplied has an electrical signal the display is called an electronic display.

Common applications for electronic visual displays are television sets or computer monitors.
Constitutional history of Canada
The constitutional history of Canada begins with the 1763 Treaty of Paris, in which France ceded most of New France to Great Britain. Canada was the colony along the St Lawrence River, part of present-day Ontario and Quebec. Its government underwent many structural changes over the following century. In 1867 Canada became the name of the new federal Dominion extending ultimately from the Atlantic to the Pacific and the Arctic coasts. Canada obtained legislative autonomy from the United Kingdom in 1931, and had its constitution (including a new rights charter) patriated in 1982. Canada's constitution includes the amalgam of constitutional law spanning this history.

Davie Fulton
Edmund Davie Fulton PC OC QC (March 10, 1916 – May 22, 2000) was a Canadian Rhodes Scholar, politician and judge. He was born in Kamloops, British Columbia, the son of politician/lawyer Frederick John Fulton and Winnifred M. Davie, daughter of A. E. B. Davie. He was the youngest of 4 children.
Surovikino
Surovikino (Russian: Сурови́кино) is a town and the administrative center of Surovikinsky District in Volgograd Oblast, Russia, located at the confluence of the Chir and Don Rivers (Tsimlyansk Reservoir), 154 kilometers (96 mi) west of Volgograd, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 20,533 (2010 Census); 20,338 (2002 Census); 18,336 (1989 Soviet census).

Chir (river)
The Chir (Russian: Чир) is a river in Rostov and Volgograd oblasts of Russia. It is a right tributary of the Don, and is 317 kilometres (197 mi) long, with a drainage basin of 9,580 square kilometres (3,700 sq mi).
Hiatus for lesser petrosal nerve
The hiatus for lesser petrosal nerve is a hiatus in the petrous part of the temporal bone which transmits the lesser petrosal nerve. It is located posterior to the groove for the superior petrosal sinus and posterolateral to the jugular foramen.

The hiatus for lesser petrosal nerve receives the lesser petrosal nerve as it branches from the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX) before the glossopharyngeal enters the posterior cranial fossa through the jugular foramen. The lesser petrosal nerve then travels anteriorly from the hiatus toward the foramen ovale, through which it exits the cranial cavity.

Petrous part of the temporal bone
The petrous part of the temporal bone is pyramid-shaped and is wedged in at the base of the skull between the sphenoid and occipital bones. Directed medially, forward, and a little upward, it presents a base, an apex, three surfaces, and three angles, and houses in its interior the components of the inner ear. The petrous portion is among the most basal elements of the skull and forms part of the endocranium. Petrous comes from the Latin word petrosus, meaning "stone-like, hard". It is one of the densest bones in the body. In other mammals, it is a separate bone, the petrosal bone.

The petrous bone is important for studies of ancient DNA from skeletal remains, as it tends to contain extremely well-preserved DNA.
Catarina Castor
Catarina Castor (c. 1980 – December 30, 2012) was a Guatemalan politician and a member of the Patriotic Party. A member of the Congress of Guatemala, Castor was the first woman from the Ixil people, an indigenous Mayan group, to be elected to the national legislature. She had served in the Agricultural, Food Security, and Indigenous Peoples commissions within Congress.

Catarina Castor was killed in a plane crash due to mechanical problems in Nebaj, Quiché Department, Guatemala, on December 30, 2012, at the age of 32. She had been flying en route to Santa Cruz del Quiché for ceremony marking the sixteenth anniversary of the peace agreement which ended the Guatemalan Civil War. The Governor of Quiché Department, Heber Cabrera, survived the crash, but the pilot, Julio Giron, was also killed.

Santa María Nebaj
Santa María Nebaj (Spanish pronunciation: [neˈβax]; usually abbreviated to Nebaj) is a town and municipality in the Guatemalan department of El Quiché. Santa María Nebaj is part of the Ixil Community, along with San Juan Cotzal and San Gaspar Chajul.  Native residents speak the Mayan Ixil language.

The community is named in part for Nebaj, a pre-Columbian archaeological site of the Maya civilization.
Scinax altae
Scinax altae is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is endemic to Panama where it occurs in the Pacific lowlands between the Chiriquí Province in the west and Panamá Province in the east. The type series was collected by Emmett Reid Dunn and his wife from "Summit" in the Panama Canal Zone in 1932.

Hylidae
Hylidae is a wide-ranging family of frogs commonly referred to as "tree frogs and their allies". However, the hylids include a diversity of frog species, many of which do not live in trees, but are terrestrial or semiaquatic.
Bonturo Dati
Bonturo Dati (died 1324) was an early 14th-century leader of the liberals in Lucca. He expelled his political enemies in 1308, gaining control of the government of the city. Boasting that he would put an end to barratry, ironically he became famous for his venality. According to Benvenuto, he controlled the entire municipality, through bribes he could appoint and dismiss anyone he wanted.

Dati is famous for provoking a war with Pisa in 1313, that is commemorated in Faida di Comune by Giosuè Carducci. He is featured in Dante Alighieri's Divine Comedy, where he is punished in Circle Eight, Bolgia Five.

Simony
Simony (/ˈsɪməni/) is the act of selling church offices and roles or sacred things. It is named after Simon Magus, who is described in the Acts of the Apostles as having offered two disciples of Jesus payment in exchange for their empowering him to impart the power of the Holy Spirit to anyone on whom he would place his hands. The term extends to other forms of trafficking for money in "spiritual things".
Anne Applebaum
Anne Elizabeth Applebaum (born July 25, 1964) is an American journalist and historian. She has written about the history of Communism and the development of civil society in Central and Eastern Europe. She became a Polish citizen in 2013.

Applebaum has worked at The Economist and The Spectator magazines, and she was a member of the editorial board of The Washington Post (2002–2006). She won the Pulitzer Prize for General Nonfiction in 2004 for Gulag: A History. She is a staff writer for The Atlantic magazine, as well as a senior fellow of the SNF Agora Institute and the School of Advanced International Studies at Johns Hopkins University.

Stavros Niarchos Foundation
The Stavros Niarchos Foundation (SNF) is a philanthropic organization established upon Stavros Niarchos' death in 1996. Niarchos was one of the world's largest transporters of oil and owned the largest supertanker fleet of his time. The Foundation has offices in Athens,  New York, and Monaco, and provides grants in more than 130 countries. The Foundation is led by Andreas Dracopoulos, great-nephew of Stavros Niarchos, and his cousins Spyros and Philip Niarchos who serve as co-presidents.
Alcoy, Cebu
Alcoy, officially the Municipality of Alcoy (Cebuano: Lungsod sa Alcoy; Tagalog: Bayan ng Alcoy),  is a  municipality in the province of Cebu, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 19,207 people.

It is named after Alcoy in Spain.

Alcoy, Spain
Alcoy or Alcoi (officially: Alcoi / Alcoy) is a city and municipality located in the Valencian Community, Spain. The Serpis river crosses the municipal boundary of Alcoy. The local authority reported a population of 61,135 residents in 2018.
Sofyan Djalil
Sofyan Abdul Djalil (born September 23, 1953) is an Indonesian academic, economic legal consultant and politician who was the Minister of Agrarian and Spatial Planning of Indonesia under President Joko Widodo's 2014–2019 Working Cabinet and the Onward Indonesia Cabinet. He has served as State Minister for State-Owned Enterprises in the United Indonesia Cabinet.

From October 2004 to May 2007 Djalil served as Minister of Communication and Information Technology in the same cabinet. From 26 October 2014 to 12 August 2015, he was elected as Coordinating Minister for Economic Affairs in the Working Cabinet 2014–2019 period by President Jokowi, he was then replaced by Darmin Nasution in the reshuffle of the Working Cabinet. Djalil then served as Minister of National Development Planning or Head of Bapennas from 12 August 2015 to 27 July 2016 on Working Cabinet and was replaced by Bambang Brodjonegoro in the second cabinet reshuffle.

First United Indonesia Cabinet
The First United Indonesia Cabinet (Indonesian: Kabinet Indonesia Bersatu I), formerly the United Indonesia Cabinet (Indonesian: Kabinet Indonesia Bersatu), was the official name of the presidential cabinet of Indonesia, led by President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono during his first period in office from 2004 until 2009. It consisted of ministers, secretaries and an attorney general. They were sworn in on 21 October 2004 for a term of office until 2009. The cabinet was reshuffled twice, on 7 December 2005 and 9 May 2007.
Torra di Prunete
The Tower of Prunete or Tower of Scalo Vecchio (Corsican: Torra di Prunete) is a Genoese tower located in the commune of Cervione on the east coast of the Corsica. The tower has been converted into a house.

The tower was completed in around 1580 and then restored in 1710. It was one of a series of coastal defences constructed by the Republic of Genoa between 1530 and 1620 to stem the attacks by Barbary pirates.

In 2003 the tower was added to the "General Inventory of Cultural Heritage" (Inventaire général du patrimoine culturel) maintained by the French Ministry of Culture. The tower is privately owned.

General inventory of cultural heritage
The General Inventory of Cultural Heritage, known locally as the Inventaire général du patrimoine culturel, is a government body in France that "shall identify, study and publicize heritage of cultural, historical or scientific interest"
They have created an Inventory to make a record of all goods based on archival sources created by human kind throughout France. It covers everything from architecture, urban planning, furniture or other objects from the 5th Century to 30 years before the date of the survey.
Sprague, West Virginia
Sprague is an unincorporated community and coal town in Raleigh County, West Virginia, United States. Sprague is located on West Virginia Route 16, 1 mile (1.6 km) north of downtown Beckley. Sprague has a post office with ZIP code 25926.

The community was named in 1902.

West Virginia Route 16
West Virginia Route 16 (WV 16) is a north–south route located in the U.S. State of West Virginia. The southern terminus of the route is at the Virginia state line in Bishop, McDowell County, where the route continues south as Virginia State Route 16. The northern terminus is at West Virginia Route 2 in St. Marys, Pleasants County, on the south bank of the Ohio River.  WV 16 continues as a same-numbered route into Virginia and North Carolina, ultimately ending in Waxhaw, south of Charlotte and just north of the South Carolina border.  The total length of highway is just under 475 miles (764 km) long.
Anna Jagaciak-Michalska
Anna Jagaciak-Michalska (born 10 February 1990 in Zielona Góra) is a retired Polish long and triple jumper. She won three medals in total at Summer Universiades. In addition she finished sixth at the 2017 World Championships and just behind the podium at the 2016 European Championships and 2017 European Indoor Championships.

In July 2014, she married Polish pole vaulter Łukasz Michalski. Her younger sister, Monika Jagaciak, is an internationally known model.

She retired from athletics in 2019 to focus on photography.

2016 European Athletics Championships
The 2016 European Athletics Championships was held in Amsterdam, Netherlands, between 6 and 10 July 2016. It was the first time the Netherlands hosted the event.

Due to 2016 being an Olympic year, there was no racewalking and the marathon competition was replaced by half marathon. The Russian team did not participate due to the suspension of the All-Russia Athletic Federation by the International Association of Athletics Federations. However, Yuliya Stepanova was individually cleared by the IAAF to compete as an independent athlete; she participated in the European championships under the flag of the European Athletic Association.

Germany and Great Britain topped the medal table with 16, with Poland winning 12 medals.
Poland won and topped the victory column with 6 gold medals (Germany & Great Britain tied with 5).
Vedbæk railway station
Vedbæk Station is a railway station serving the suburb of Vedbæk on the coast of North Zealand, c. 20 km north of central Copenhagen, Denmark.

The station is located on the Coast Line between Helsingør and Copenhagen. The train services are currently operated by Danish State Railways (DSB) which runs a frequent regional rail service to Copenhagen Central Station.

DSB (railway company)
DSB, an abbreviation of Danske Statsbaner (pronounced [ˈtænskə ˈstɛˀtsˌpɛːnɐ], Danish State Railways), is the largest Danish train operating company. It's also the largest train operating company in Scandinavia. While DSB is responsible for passenger train operation on most of the Danish railways, goods transport and railway maintenance are outside its scope. DSB runs a commuter rail system, called the S-train, in the area around the Danish capital, Copenhagen, that connects the different areas and suburbs in the greater metropolitan area. Between 2010 and 2017, DSB operated trains in Sweden.

DSB was founded in 1885, when the state-owned companies De jysk-fynske Statsbaner and De sjællandske Statsbaner merged. DSB was established in 1885, after the state in 1867 under the name De Jutland-Fynske Statsbaner took over the private company Det Danske Jernbanedriftselskab and in 1880 they also took over the privately owned Zealand Railway Company.
German submarine U-960
German submarine U-960 was a Type VIIC U-boat built for Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine for service during World War II.
She was laid down on 20 March 1942 by Blohm & Voss, Hamburg as yard number 160, launched on 3 December 1942 and commissioned on 28 January 1943 under Oberleutnant zur See Günther Heinrich.

Blohm+Voss
Blohm+Voss (B+V), also written historically as Blohm & Voss, Blohm und Voß etc., is a German shipbuilding and engineering company. Founded in Hamburg in 1877 to specialise in steel-hulled ships, its most famous product was the World War II battleship Bismarck. In the 1930s, its owners established the Hamburger Flugzeugbau aircraft manufacturer which, shortly before the outbreak of World War II, adopted the name of its parent company. Following a difficult period after the war, B+V was revived, changing ownership among several owners, such as Thyssen Group and Star Capital.

In 2016 it became a subsidiary of Lürssen and supplied both the military and civilian markets before becoming subsidiary of Rheinmetall in 2025.

The company  serves two areas – new construction of warships as NVL B.V. & Co. KG, and new construction and refitting of megayachts.
Anbar campaign (2013–2014)
Beginning in December 2012, Sunnis in Iraq protested against the Maliki government. On 28 December 2013, a Sunni MP named Ahmed al-Alwani was arrested in a raid on his home in Ramadi. Alwani was a prominent supporter of the anti-government protests. This incident led to violence in Al Anbar Governorate between the Iraqi Army and a loose alliance of tribal militias and other groups fighting alongside the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL).

In January 2014, the anti-government forces took control of Fallujah, and there was heavy fighting in Ramadi. In March the Iraqi army secured Ramadi and attempted to regain Fallujah. In June, ISIL launched a major offensive in Anbar in conjunction with their assault on northern Iraq. By 23 June, they controlled at least 70% of Anbar.

Iraqi security forces
The Iraqi Security Forces (ISF) was a term used by the United States Department of Defense (DoD) to describe law enforcement and military forces of the federal government of the Republic of Iraq. During the initial U.S. phase of the Iraq War from 2003-2010, these entities received training and instruction from the multinational Multi-National Force – Iraq. After U.S. forces reentered Iraq, after the rise of the Islamic State, they received training and assistance from the U.S. Combined Joint Task Force – Operation Inherent Resolve.

According to Article 121 of Iraq's constitution, the federal regions are responsible for the establishment and organization of internal security forces of their respective regions. Therefore, Peshmerga is not within the scope of this term.
Ziemiany, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship
Ziemiany [ʑɛˈmjanɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Banie Mazurskie, within Gołdap County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) north-east of Banie Mazurskie, 15 km (9 mi) west of Gołdap, and 118 km (73 mi) north-east of the regional capital Olsztyn.

Gołdap
Gołdap (Polish pronunciation: [ˈɡɔwdap] ⓘ; German: Goldap [ˈɡɔldap] ⓘ or variant Goldapp; Lithuanian: Geldupė, Geldapė, Galdapė) is a spa town in northeastern Poland, in the region of Masuria, seat of Gołdap County in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship. It is located on the Gołdapa River, between the Szeskie Hills, Gołdap Lake and the Puszcza Romincka forest. It has a population of 15,600 (as of 2007).
Battle of Monte Settepani
The Battle of Monte Settepani (24 June–7 July 1795) saw the Coalition armies of Habsburg Austria led by Feldzeugmeister (FZM) Joseph Nikolaus de Vins and the Kingdom of Sardinia-Piedmont led by Feldmarschall-Leutnant (FML) Michelangelo Alessandro Colli-Marchi attack the Republican French Army of Italy led by General of Division (GD) François Christophe de Kellermann during the War of the First Coalition. The attack captured a few key positions though it was repulsed by most of the French defenses. After the French failed to recapture Monte Settepani, Kellermann ordered a phased withdrawal to a more defensible position. By 7 July, the French army established itself in a new position running from Borghetto Santo Spirito on the coast northwest to the crest of the Ligurian Alps. The setback compelled the French to relinquish the territory captured in the First Battle of Dego.

Lieutenant field marshal
Lieutenant field marshal, also frequently historically field marshal lieutenant (German: Feldmarschall-Leutnant, formerly Feldmarschallleutnant, historically also Feldmarschall-Lieutenant and, in official Imperial and Royal Austrian army documents from 1867 always Feldmarschalleutnant, abbreviated  FML), was a senior army rank in certain European armies of the 17th to 20th centuries. It emerged as the rank of field marshal (German: Feldmarschall) came to be used for the highest army commander in the 17th century (having originally been the equivalent of a cavalry colonel). In German-speaking countries the commander-in-chief usually appointed an "under marshal" (Untermarschall) or "lieutenant field marshal" to support and represent the field marshal. Amongst his functions as the personal deputy to the field marshal, were the supervision of supply depots and routes, and inspection of the guards.
Marcus Lewis (basketball, born 1986)
Marcus Lewis (born August 5, 1986) is an American professional basketball player who currently plays for Hapoel Gilboa Galil. He has taken his team to the playoffs twice, and is currently in his third year. He has also played professionally in Poland for Znicz Jarosław, NBA Summer League with the Oklahoma City Thunder, training camp and NBA Pre-season with the Milwaukee Bucks, as well as playing in the Pan-American Games with Team USA and winning the bronze medal.

Lewis graduated from Oral Roberts University after transferring from University of Portland, where he played his first two years of collegiate basketball.

Oral Roberts University
Oral Roberts University (ORU) is a private evangelical university in Tulsa, Oklahoma. Founded in 1963, the university is named after its founder, Charismatic Christian preacher Oral Roberts.

Sitting on a 385-acre (156-hectare) campus, ORU offers over 70 undergraduate degree programs along with 20 graduate programs across six colleges. ORU is classified among "Master's Colleges & Universities: Medium Programs". The university enrolls approximately 5,000 students.