hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Foundation for Defense of Democracies
The Foundation for Defense of Democracies (FDD) is a non partisan 501(c)(3) non-profit think tank based in Washington, D.C., United States. It has been described as a pro-Israel, pro-Ukraine, anti-Iran lobby group due to its opposition to the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action.

FDD publishes research on foreign policy and security issues, focusing on subjects such as nuclear-non proliferation, cyber threats, sanctions, illicit finance, and policy surrounding China, Iran, Israel, North Korea, Russia, Turkey, and the war in Afghanistan.

In September 2019, FDD executives formed the 501(c)(4) organization FDD Action, which officially registered as a lobby under the Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995 on 15 November 2019.

501(c) organization
A 501(c) organization is a nonprofit organization in the federal law of the United States according to Internal Revenue Code (26 U.S.C. § 501(c)). Such organizations are exempt from some federal income taxes. Sections 503 through 505 set out the requirements for obtaining such exemptions. Many states refer to Section 501(c) for definitions of organizations exempt from state taxation as well. 501(c) organizations can receive unlimited contributions from individuals, corporations, and unions.

For example, a nonprofit organization may be tax-exempt under section 501(c)(3) if its primary activities are charitable, religious, educational, scientific, literary, testing for public safety, fostering amateur sports competition, or preventing cruelty to children or animals.
Talodi people
The Talodi are a sub-ethnic group of the Nuba peoples in the Nuba Mountains of South Kordofan state, in Sudan.  They likely number more than 20,000 people.

The area's city and district, Talodi, are named for them.

South Kordofan
South Kordofan (Arabic: جنوب كردفان Ǧanūb Kurdufān) is one of the 18 wilayat or states of Sudan. It has an area of 158,355 km2 and an estimated population of approximately 2,107,623 people (2018 est). Kaduqli is the capital of the state. It is centered on the Nuba Mountains. At one time it was supposed that South Kordofan was the only state in (North) Sudan suitable for producing oil, but oil has also been discovered in neighboring White Nile State in larger quantities.

Under the Comprehensive Peace Agreement, residents of South Kordofan were to hold popular consultations in 2011 to determine the constitutional future of the state. However, South Kordofan governor Ahmed Haroun suspended the process, and violence followed. Haroun had previously been charged with war crimes against civilians and crime against humanity by the International Criminal Court.
Victor Franzoni
Victor Coelho Franzoni da Silva (born 5 October 1995) is a Brazilian racing driver who most recently competed in Copa Truck. Franzoni raced in Formula Renault in Europe before switching to competition in the United States on the Road to Indy. He was champion of the Pro Mazda Championship in 2017, and previously competed in the IMSA SportsCar Championship and Indy NXT for Juncos Racing.

USF Pro Championships
The USF Pro Championships Presented by Continental Tire, formerly known as the Road to Indy Presented by Cooper Tires, is a racecar driver development program, providing a scholarship-funded path to reach the IndyCar Series and Indianapolis 500. Sanctioned by the United States Auto Club (USAC), the series are owned and managed by Andersen Promotions.

Since its launch in 2010, the ladder system has attracted competitors from around the globe, who have showcased their talents at premier venues on a mix of road courses, temporary street circuits, and ovals.
Frank Mushyo Kamanzi
Lieutenant General Frank Mushyo Kamanzi is the current Rwandan Ambassador to Russia, having been appointed on November 29, 2019. He was previously the Force Commander of the United Nations Mission in South Sudan, being was appointed on 11 April 2017 by United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres. Prior to that, he was the Force Commander of the African Union-United Nations Hybrid Operation in Darfur.

United Nations Mission in South Sudan
The United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) is a United Nations peacekeeping mission for South Sudan, which became independent on 9 July 2011. UNMISS was established on 9 July 2011 by United Nations Security Council Resolution 1996 (2011) adopted on 8 July 2011.

Since December 2016, UNMISS has been led by the Secretary-General's Special Representative, South African lawyer and diplomat Nicholas Haysom. Haysom succeeded David Shearer in January 2021.

As of March 2021, it is composed of 14,222 military personnel, 1,446 police, and 2,228 civilian workers, as well as small contingents of experts, staff officers, and volunteers. The military deployment is commanded by the Indian Lieutenant General Mohan Subramanian. It is headquartered in the South Sudanese capital of Juba.
1996 Colchester Borough Council election
Elections to Colchester Borough Council took place on 2 May 1996. They were held on the same day as other local elections across the United Kingdom.

At the election, the Liberal Democrats maintained their majority on the council. The Labour Party made a net gain of 4 seats to displace the Conservatives as the official opposition. This is the first time since the 1984 election that the Labour Party has held the official opposition.

1996 United Kingdom local elections
The 1996 United Kingdom local elections were held on 2 May 1996. They were the last local elections until 2010 to show a decline in the number of Conservative councillors and an increase in the number of Labour councillors.

The main opposition Labour Party gained 468 seats, bringing their number of councillors to 10,929. Their share of the vote was projected to be 43%, 4% down on the 1995 local elections.

The governing Conservative Party lost 607 seats and were left with 4,276 councillors - still in third place behind the Liberal Democrats. The Conservatives' projected share of the vote was 29%, a 4% increase since the previous local elections in 1995.

The Liberal Democrats gained 136 seats and had 5,078 councillors after the elections.
Greystones Lifeboat Station
Greystones Lifeboat Station was located near Greystones Harbour, on what is now Beach Road, in Greystones, a town and seaside resort sitting mid-way between Dún Laoghaire and Wicklow, approximately 27 km (17 mi) south of Dublin, in County Wicklow, on the east coast of Ireland.

A lifeboat station was first established at Greystones in 1872 by the Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI).

After just 23 years in operation, Greystones Lifeboat Station was closed in 1895.

Seaside resort
A seaside resort is a city, town, village, or hotel that serves as a vacation resort and is located on a coast. Sometimes the concept includes an aspect of an official accreditation based on the satisfaction of certain requirements such as in the German Seebad. Where a beach is the primary focus for tourists, it may be called a beach resort.
Pseudophyllus titan
Pseudophyllus titan, the giant false leaf katydid (a name also used for a few other species), is a species of leaf-mimic bush-cricket of the subfamily Pseudophyllinae found in the canopy of tropical forests in Mainland Southeast Asia, Sindh, Pakistan, Bangladesh (the species' type locality is Sylhet), northeastern India (Assam and Nagaland), and southernmost China (Yunnan). It is among the largest species in the genus Pseudophyllus, which also makes it one of the world's largest Orthoptera, with a typical length of 13 cm (5.1 in) from head to tip of the folded wings and a wingspan of c. 23 cm (9.1 in). Like many other species of crickets and grasshoppers, the male is capable of stridulation, producing a relatively loud and distinctive, bird-like chirp; it usually stridulates ("sings") at night.

Commercialized framed specimens sold to insect collectors can often be found under the name "Sasuma grasshopper". In some parts of its range, it is sometimes roasted and eaten as a snack.

Insect collecting
Insect collecting refers to the collection of insects and other arthropods for scientific study or as a hobby. Most insects are small and the majority cannot be identified without the examination of minute morphological characters, so entomologists often make and maintain insect collections. Very large collections are preserved in natural history museums or universities where they are maintained and studied by specialists. Many college courses require students to form small collections. There are also amateur entomologists and collectors who keep collections.

Historically, insect collecting has been widespread and was in the Victorian age a very popular educational hobby. Insect collecting has left traces in European cultural history, literature and songs, e.g., Georges Brassens's La chasse aux papillons (The Hunt for Butterflies). The practice is particularly common among Japanese youths.
Sex and Love
Sex and Love is the tenth studio album recorded by Spanish singer Enrique Iglesias. It was released on 14 March 2014 by Republic Records. The album's three Spanish singles—"Loco", "El Perdedor", and "Bailando"—reached No. 1 on the Billboard Hot Latin Songs chart. The album features guest vocals from Jennifer Lopez, Kylie Minogue, Descemer Bueno, Pitbull, Flo Rida, Anthony Touma, Romeo Santos, Mickael Carreira, Marco Antonio Solís, Yandel, Gente de Zona, Luan Santana, India Martínez, and Sean Paul. Sex and Love won the Lo Nuestro Award for Pop Album of the Year.

India Martínez
Jenifer Yésica Martínez Fernández (Córdoba, Spain, October 13, 1985),  known professionally as India Martínez, is a Spanish flamenco and pop singer.

She was nominated to Latin Grammy Award for Best New Artist during the Latin Grammy Awards of 2009. She won Premio Cadena Dial 2012 award for the album Trece Verdades certified gold. She is signed to Sony Music Entertainment. She also won, in 2015, the Goya for the song of the Spanish film El Niño.
Katberg Pass
32°27′21.8″S 26°39′17.0″E﻿ / ﻿32.456056°S 26.654722°E﻿ / -32.456056; 26.654722
Katberg Pass is a mountain pass situated in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa, on the R351 between Seymour and Whittlesea.
The pass climbs almost 700 meters in altitude to summit at 1622m ASL. The average gradient is 1:15 with some sections as steep as 1:3.

Construction commenced in 1854 and was built by Andrew Geddes Bain. He was unable to complete it so it was ultimately completed by Adam de Smidt. The pass takes its name from the Kat River, a tributary of the Great Fish River.

Whittlesea, South Africa
Whittlesea is a semi-rural town situated on the R67 road in the Hewu district, 37 km south of Komani, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. The town is made up of the townships Ekuphumleni, Bhede, Ndlambe, Extension 4, Extension 5 and Sada. The town falls under the Enoch Mgijima Local Municipality which is under the Chris Hani District Municipality. Surrounding Whittlesea are 36 villages which make up the Hewu (meaning "flat land' in Xhosa) district.
Denwit Boriboonsub
Denwit "David" Boriboonsub (Thai: เด่นวิทย์ เดวิด บริบูรณ์ทรัพย์) is a Thai professional golfer.

Denwit won three tournaments over consecutive weeks in December 2023. First, he won the Saudi Aramco Invitational on the Asian Development Tour to secure the 2023 Order of Merit title; the following week, he won the Thailand Open, and the week after he won for the first time on the Asian Tour, at the Saudi Open, where he finished three strokes ahead of Henrik Stenson.

Henrik Stenson
Henrik Olof Stenson (pronounced [ˈhɛ̌nːrɪk ˈstěːnsɔn]; born 5 April 1976) is a Swedish professional golfer. In the late 1990s, Stenson turned pro and had much success on the European Tour, winning a number of events in the 2000s. In 2009, Stenson won the PGA Tour's flagship event, The Players Championship, and has primarily focused on the United States since then. Shortly thereafter, however, Stenson entered a drought where he fell out of the top 200 in the world. In 2013, however, Stenson had his most successful year, winning a number of significant worldwide titles and finishing runner-up at the Open Championship. Due to his success he won the season-ending titles for the PGA Tour, the FedEx Cup, and European Tour, the Race to Dubai. In 2016, Stenson won his only major championship, the Open Championship by three strokes over Phil Mickelson.
Bacongo (Brazzaville)
Bacongo is one of the arrondissements (boroughs) of Brazzaville, the capital of Republic of Congo.

Bacongo is located on the bank of the Congo River with Kinshasa, the capital of the DRC.

Inside of Bancongo, the scenic Brazzaville Corniche starts and ends. The French Ambassador's house, also known as the Case de Gaulle, is also located in Bacongo.

Arrondissement
An arrondissement (UK: /æˈrɒndiːsmɒ̃, ˌærɒnˈdiːsmɒ̃/, US: /æˌrɒndiːsˈmɒ̃, -ˌroʊn-, əˈrɒndɪsmənt/, French: [aʁɔ̃dismɑ̃] ⓘ) is any of various administrative divisions of France, Belgium, Haiti, and certain other Francophone countries, as well as the Netherlands.
Portugal Space
Portugal Space (Portuguese: Agência Espacial Portuguesa) is the Portuguese space agency created by the Portuguese government in collaboration with the regional government of the Azores in 2019. It is headquartered at Santa Maria Island, in the Azores, Portugal. The agency succeeds the Space Office of the Foundation for Science and Technology.

Government of Portugal
The Government of Portugal, also referred to as the Government of the Republic is one of the four sovereignty bodies of Portugal, together with the president, the assembly of the Republic and the courts. It is both the body of sovereignty that conducts the general politics of the country and the superior body of the Portuguese public administration.

The term "constitutional government" or simply "government" also refers to the team of ministers and its period of management under one prime minister. This concept is similar to an "administration" in the parlance of a presidential republic or to a "collective ministry" in the parlance of some Commonwealth countries. Each government in this sense is identified by a roman number, with the present one (formed in June 2025) being the XXV Constitutional Government since the establishment of the current democratic regime, in 1976.
2021 Libera Awards
The 2021 Libera Awards took place on June 17, 2021, to recognize the best in independent music presented by the American Association of Independent Music. The nominations were announced on March 23, 2021. The years marks the tenth anniversary of the ceremony. The event was streamed live on YouTube.

A number of category changes took place for the awards. The A2IM Humanitarian Award and Best Spiritual Record were added to the ceremony and . A2IM also made the "Album" categories more inclusive by renaming them "Records." A2IM also renamed a number of categories: Best Live Act to Best Live/Livestream Act; Best Mainstream Rock Album and Best Indie Rock Album to Best Rock Record; and, Best Punk/Emo Album to Best Punk Record.

American Association of Independent Music
The American Association of Independent Music (A2IM) is a trade association that represents independent record labels in the United States, founded in 2005. A2IM is headquartered in New York City, with chapters located in Nashville, Chicago, Northern California, Southern California, and the Pacific Northwest. Among other events, they organize the annual Libera Awards.

The organization was preceded by the National Association of Independent Record Distributors (NAIRD) founded in 1972, which in 1997 changed its name to the Association for Independent Music (AFIM), which dissolved in 2004.
Bintong F.C.
Bintong Football Club (Malay: Kelab Bolasepak Bintong) is a Malaysian football club based in Bintong Kangar, Perlis. The club currently plays in the Malaysia A2 Amateur League, the third tier of the Malaysian football league system.

Malaysia A2 Amateur League
The Malaysia A2 Amateur League (Malay: Liga A2 Amatur Malaysia), previously known as the Malaysia M4 League and the Al-Ikhsan Cup due to sponsorship reasons, is the third tier football league in the Malaysian football league system. It was created in 2018 as part of the Malaysian Football League's plan to reform the competition structure.
1989 Fernleaf Classic – Doubles
Patty Fendick and Jill Hetherington were the defending champions. However, they

did not compete that year.

Elizabeth Smylie and Janine Tremelling won in the final 7–6, 6–1 against Tracey Morton and Heidi Sprung.

Jill Hetherington
Jill Hetherington-Hultquist (born October 27, 1964) is a Canadian former professional tennis player. She played college tennis for the University of Florida, and was women's tennis head coach at the University of Washington until May 2014.
Novella, Trentino
Novella is a comune in Trentino, a province of the northern Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol. It was established on 1 January 2020 after the fusion of the five municipalities of Brez, Cagnò, Cloz, Revò and Romallo.

Fusion of municipalities of Italy
The fusion of Italian municipalities (Italian: fusione di comuni) is the physical-territorial union between two or more contiguous comuni.

The following list contains only the municipalities that are within the present-day borders of Italy.
No Sounds Are Out of Bounds
No Sounds Are Out of Bounds is the fifteenth studio album by English ambient house duo the Orb. The album was released on 22 June 2018 via Cooking Vinyl. It includes contributions from Youth, Roger Eno, Hollie Cook, Guy Pratt, Jah Wobble, Gaudi, Roney FM and Michael Rendall.

Jah Wobble
John Joseph Wardle (known by the stage name Jah Wobble; born 11 August 1958) is an English bass guitarist and singer. He became known to a wider audience as the original bass player in Public Image Ltd (PiL) in the late 1970s and early 1980s; he left the band after two albums.

Following his departure from PiL, he developed a solo career. In 2012, he reunited with fellow PiL guitarist Keith Levene for Metal Box in Dub and the album Yin & Yang. Since 2013, he has been one of the featured pundits on Sunday morning's The Virtual Jukebox segment of BBC Radio 5 Live's Up All Night with Dotun Adebayo. His autobiography, Memoirs of a Geezer, was published in 2009.
2009–10 Rose Bowl series
The 2009–10 Rose Bowl series was held in Australia from 10 February to 23 February 2010 in which included five Women's One Day International matches were played in Adelaide and Melbourne. In addition, three Women's Twenty20 International were contested. Australia Women won the WODI series by 5–0 and New Zealand Women won the WT20I series by 3–0.

And also held in New Zealand from 26 February to 7 March 2010 in which included three Women's One Day International matches and in addition two Women's Twenty20 International matches were contested. New Zealand Women won the T20I series by 2–0 and Australia Women won the WODI series by 3–0.

Kate Ebrahim
Kate Ellen Ebrahim (née Broadmore; born 11 November 1991) is a New Zealand cricketer. In August 2018, she was awarded a central contract by New Zealand Cricket, following the tours of Ireland and England in the previous months. In October 2018, she was named in New Zealand's squad for the 2018 ICC Women's World Twenty20 tournament in the West Indies. In April 2022, Ebrahim was named the Hallyburton Johnstone Shield Player of the Year at the annual Otago Cricket Awards.

She is married to former Zimbabwean Test player Dion Ebrahim, who now coaches in New Zealand. She was appointed interim coach of the Zimbabwe women's cricket team for their tour of New Zealand in February and March 2026.
Sam440ep
Sam440, also known by Sam or its codename Samantha, is a line of modular motherboards produced by the Italian company ACube Systems Srl. The Sam440ep version is a motherboard based on the PowerPC 440EP system-on-a-chip processor which includes a double-precision FPU. It is made by AMCC. Their primary targets are the industrial and embedded markets, running operating systems such as Linux and AmigaOS 4.

At the time of AmigaOS 4.1 release in 2008, it was the only AmigaOS 4 compatible hardware available since the manufacturing of AmigaOne machines ceased in 2005; Sam440 was later succeeded by the Sam460ex (AmigaOne 500) and AmigaOne X1000.

Realtek
Realtek Semiconductor Corp. (Chinese: 瑞昱半導體股份有限公司; pinyin: Ruìyù Bàndǎotǐ Gǔfèn Yǒuxiàn Gōngsī) is a Taiwanese fabless semiconductor company situated in the Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu, Taiwan. Realtek was founded in October 1987 and subsequently listed on the Taiwan Stock Exchange in 1998. Realtek has manufactured and sold a variety of microchips globally. Its product lines broadly fall into three categories: communications network ICs, computer peripheral ICs, and multimedia ICs. As of 2019, Realtek employs 5,000 people, of whom 78% work in research and development.
Alberic of Monte Cassino
Alberic of Monte Cassino was a Cardinal in the Roman Catholic Church, who died in 1088. He was a cardinal from 1057.

He was (perhaps) a native of Trier, and became a Benedictine. He successfully opposed the teachings of Berengarius, which were considered heretical by the Pope, defending the measures of Gregory VII during the Investiture Controversy.

He is the author of numerous works in theology, hagiography, grammar, rhetoric and music; and is the author of the earliest medieval treatise on ars dictaminis, or letter-writing (De dictamine). Many of his letters are found in the works of Peter Damian.

One of his pupils, John of Gaeta, was the future Pope Gelasius II.

Pope Gelasius II
Pope Gelasius II (c. 1060/1064 – 29 January 1119), born Giovanni Caetani or Giovanni da Gaeta (also called Coniulo), was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 24 January 1118 to his death in 1119. A monk of Monte Cassino and chancellor of Pope Paschal II, Caetani was unanimously elected to succeed him. In doing so, he also inherited the conflict with Emperor Henry V over investiture. Gelasius spent a good part of his brief papacy in exile.
Soil loss tolerance
Soil loss tolerance for a specific soil, also known as the T value, which can be calculated with  formula, is the maximum average annual soil loss expressed as tons per acre per year that will permit current production levels to be maintained economically and indefinitely.  T values range from 1 to 5 tons per acre per year.  According to the United States Department of Agriculture's National Resource Conservation Service, in 2007 in the US, 99 million acres (28% of all cropland) were eroding above soil loss tolerance (T) rates.  This was compared to 169 million acres (40% of cropland) in 1982. T-value's validity is questionable since T-values are spatially heterogeneous.

Spatial heterogeneity
Spatial heterogeneity is a property generally ascribed to a landscape or to a population. It refers to the uneven distribution of various concentrations of each species within an area. A landscape with spatial heterogeneity has a mix of concentrations of multiple species of plants or animals (biological), or of terrain formations (geological), or environmental characteristics (e.g. rainfall, temperature, wind) filling its area. A population showing spatial heterogeneity is one where various concentrations of individuals of this species are unevenly distributed across an area; nearly synonymous with "patchily distributed."