hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hypogymnia bulbosa
Hypogymnia bulbosa is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. Found in Southern China, it was described as a new species by Bruce McCune and Li-Song Wang in 2003. The type specimen was collected from the Zi ben Mountain in Cao County (Yunnan). There it was found growing on a spruce stump. It has also been recorded growing on the bark and wood of fir, willow, and Rhododendron. It is known to grow at elevations ranging between 2,800–3,800 metres (9,200–12,500 ft), generally in conifer forests. The lichen is characterized by features such as the rimmed holes on the lower surface of the thallus, the presence of the chemical physodalic acid, and the adundant budding.

Fir
Firs are evergreen coniferous trees belonging to the genus Abies (Latin: [ˈabieːs]) in the family Pinaceae. There are approximately 48–65 extant species, found on mountains throughout much of North and Central America, Eurasia, and North Africa. The genus is most closely related to Keteleeria, a small genus confined to eastern Asia.

They are tall trees that can be distinguished from other members of the pine family by the way in which their needle-like leaves are attached singly to the branches with a circular base, and by their cones, which, like those of cedars, stand upright on the branches like candles and disintegrate at maturity.

The wood of firs is used for pulp to make paper, for plywood, and for indoor construction. Some species serve as Christmas trees, while others are used as decorative trees with their brightly coloured cones. In art, Lucas Cranach the Elder painted Madonna under the fir tree for Wrocław Cathedral in 1510.
Oceanville, New Jersey
Oceanville is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) located within Galloway Township in Atlantic County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. At the 2020 United States census, the CDP's population was 793.

Oceanville is located on U.S. Route 9 approximately 3.5 miles (5.6 km) north-northeast of Absecon. The community has a post office with ZIP Code 08231.

From 1983–2016, Oceanville was the site of the Noyes Museum, the only fine arts museum in Atlantic County. The museum became part of Stockton University in 2016 and the site in Oceanville will be sold by the foundation that owns the property.

Absecon, New Jersey
Absecon (/æbˈsiːkɪn/, ab-SEE-kin) is a city in Atlantic County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the city's population was 9,137, its highest decennial count ever and an increase of 726 (+8.6%) from the 2010 census count of 8,411, which in turn reflected an increase of 773 (+10.1%) from the 7,638 counted in the 2000 census.
Edavappathy
Edavappathy (lit. 'Southwest monsoon') is a 2016 Indian Malayalam-language drama film written and directed by Lenin Rajendran. It deals with the story of the mental conflicts of a Tibetan Buddhist priest. Siddharth Lama plays the male lead with Utthara Unni opposite him. Manisha Koirala also plays a leading role.

Art director was Suresh Kollam. Mohan Sitara and Ramesh Narayan composed the music. The film won three Kerala State Film Awards.

Kerala State Film Awards
The Kerala State Film Awards  are the film awards for a motion picture made in Kerala. The awards were begun in 1969 by the Department of Cultural Affairs, Government of Kerala and since 1998 the awards have been bestowed by Kerala State Chalachitra Academy on behalf of the Department of Cultural Affairs.

The awardees are decided by an independent jury formed by the academy and the Department of Cultural Affairs, Kerala. The jury usually consists of eminent personalities from the film field. For the awards for literature on cinema a separate jury is formed. The academy annually invites films for the award and the jury analyses the films that are submitted before deciding the winners. The awards intend to promote films with artistic values and encourage artists, technicians and producers. The awards are declared by the Minister for Cultural Affairs and are presented by the Chief Minister of Kerala.
Allan Cameron (politician)
Allan Francis Cameron (11 April 1868 – 28 December 1923) was an Australian politician.

He was born at Kangaroo Ground to Ewen Hugh Cameron, also a politician, and Agnes Bell. He was a bank manager, running branches of the Commercial Bank at Romsey and Lancefield. On 24 October 1900 he married Jessie Lauder; they had three children. In 1914 he was elected to the Victorian Legislative Assembly as the Liberal member for Dalhousie. He served until his death at Jolimont in 1923.

Jolimont, Victoria
Jolimont is an unbounded neighbourhood of the suburb of East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Situated to the south east of the city's primary axis, Jolimont features parks, business precincts and a limited amount of residential accommodation. It was named after the Jolimont estate of Lieutenant-Governor Charles La Trobe, Victoria's first governor from 1839 to 1854.
Lal Kajol
Lal Kajol is a 1982 Bangladeshi film starring Shabana and Farooque opposite him. Child actor Bindi Rahman garnered Bangladesh National Film Awards for Best Child Artist and producer Azizur Rahman garnered Best Film Award at Bachsas Awards.

Shabana (actress)
Afroza Sultana Ratna (born 15 June 1952), best known by her stage name Shabana, is a Bangladeshi film actress. She was one of the most influential and highest paid actresses in Bangladeshi cinema from the 1970s to the 1990s before retiring in 1998. Across her three-decade-long career, she appeared in 299 films. She co-starred with Alamgir in 130 of them.

Starting her career as a child actress in 1962, She quickly became a reigning star of Bangladesh film industry in the 1980s. She earned a record 8 Best Actress Awards at the Bangladesh National Film Awards. Her national film award-winning roles were in Janani (1977), Sokhi Tumi Kar (1980), Dui Poisar Alta (1982), Nazma (1983), Bhat De (1984), Apeksha (1987), Ranga Bhabi (1989), Moroner Pore (1990) and Achena (1991). In July 2017, Shabana was awarded the Lifetime Achievement Award by the Government of Bangladesh for her contribution as an actress to the Bangladeshi Classical Cinema.
Nuestra Belleza Michoacán 2011
Nuestra Belleza Michoacán 2011 was a beauty pageant held in the Plaza Morelos of Uruapan, Michoacán, on June 30, 2011. At the conclusion of the final night of competition, Edna Álvarez of Nueva Italia was crowned the winner. Álvarez was crowned by the outgoing Nuestra Belleza Michoacán titleholder, Karla Paulina Gutiérrez. Eight contestants competed for the title.

Uruapan
Uruapan del Progreso, simply known as Uruapan (Spanish pronunciation: [uˈrwa.pan]), is the second largest city in the Mexican state of Michoacán. It is located at the western edge of the Purépecha highlands, just to the east of the Tierra Caliente region. Since the colonial period, it has been an important city economically due to its location. The city was conquered by the Spanish in 1522, when the last Purépecha ruler fled the Pátzcuaro area to here. The modern city was laid out in 1534 by Friar Juan de San Miguel. It played an important role in the War of Independence, and was the capital of Michoacán during the French Intervention. Today it is the center of Mexico's avocado growing region, with most of the crop distributed from here nationally and internationally.
Persian nouns
Persian nouns have no grammatical gender, and the case markers have been greatly reduced since Old Persian—both characteristics of contact languages.  Persian nouns now mark with a postposition only for the specific accusative case; the other oblique cases are marked by prepositions.

Old Persian
Old Persian is one of two directly attested Old Iranian languages (the other being Avestan) and is the ancestor of Middle Persian (the language of the Sasanian Empire). Like other Old Iranian languages, it was known to its native speakers as ariya (Iranian). Old Persian is close to both Avestan and Vedic Sanskrit, and all three languages are highly inflected.

Old Persian appears primarily in the inscriptions, clay tablets and seals of the Achaemenid era (c. 600 BCE to 300 BCE). Examples of Old Persian have been found in what is now Iran,  Armenia, Bahrain, Iraq, Turkey and Egypt, with the most important attestation by far being the contents of the Behistun Inscription (dated to 522 BCE).

In 2007, research into the vast Persepolis Administrative Archives at the Oriental Institute at the University of Chicago unearthed Old Persian tablets, which suggest Old Persian was a written language in use for practical recording and not only for royal display.
Alexandro-Nevsky, Novosibirsk Oblast
Alexandro-Nevsky (Russian: Александро-Невский) is a rural locality (a selo). It is part of the Kazansky Village Council of Bagansky District, Novosibirsk Oblast, Russia. 
Population:  217 (2010 Census); 296 (2002 Census);

Novosibirsk Oblast
Novosibirsk Oblast (Russian: Новосиби́рская о́бласть, romanized: Novosibirskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast) located in southwestern Siberia. Its administrative and economic center is the city of Novosibirsk, the third-largest city in the country. As of the 2021 Census, Novosibirsk Oblast had a population of 2,797,176 with the majority, 1.63 million, lives in Novosibirsk.
Pandit Ravishankar Shukla Stadium
Ravishankar Shukla Stadium is a cricket ground in Durg, Chhattisgarh. The hosted its first match between Madhya Pradesh cricket team against Uttar Pradesh cricket team in 1979. After 20 year, the stadium hosted its first List-A match between Madhya Pradesh cricket team against Uttar Pradesh cricket team where Madhya Pradesh cricket team won 6 wickets. Devendra Bundela and Abbas Ali scored unbeaten 125 and 106 respectively. Then the stadium hosts its last match between Madhya Pradesh cricket team against Uttar Pradesh cricket team in 1999/00 Ranji Trophy and the match was drawn.

Abbas Ali (cricketer)
Syed Abbas Ali (born 20 February 1976), in Indore is a former Indian first class cricketer. He is a left-handed batsman. Ali debuted in 1996/97 and scored his career best score of 251 in the following season. This was a Madhya Pradesh record at that time, which was bettered two years later by Jai Yadav who made 265 runs in an innings. Ali played for Delhi Giants in the Indian Cricket League. He has also played for ICL India XI.

He is the grandson of the former Indian cricketer Mushtaq Ali.
Xuanwang Temple
Xuanwang Temple (Chinese: 宣王宮; pinyin: Xuānwáng Gōng), formerly known as Yunti Academy (Chinese: 雲梯書院; pinyin: Yúntī Shūyuàn), is a temple in Xihu Township, Miaoli County, Taiwan. Established in 1829 as the first privately owned school (known as a shuyuan) in Miaoli, it was subsequently converted into a temple of Confucius under pressure from the Japanese government. In the temple, a tower for joss paper named Jingshengting and a Tudigong shrine are protected as county-level historic buildings.

Temple of Confucius
A temple of Confucius or Confucian temple is a temple for the veneration of Confucius and the sages and philosophers of Confucianism in Chinese folk religion and other East Asian religions. They were formerly the site of the administration of the imperial examination in China, Korea, Japan and Vietnam and often housed schools and other studying facilities.
Josefsson
Josefsson is a Swedish surname meaning "son of Josef". Notable people with the surname include:

Carl Josefsson (1895–1974), Swedish ice hockey player

Enar Josefsson (1916–1989), former Swedish cross-country skier

Ari Jósefsson (1939–1964), Icelandic poet

Carl Josefsson (born 1965), Swedish Judge at the Svea Court of Appeal in Stockholm

Daniel Josefsson (born 1981), Swedish professional ice hockey player

Janne Josefsson (born 1957), Swedish investigative journalist

Helena Josefsson (born 1978), Swedish singer and songwriter

Erik Josefsson (ice hockey) (born 1987), Swedish professional ice hockey player

Daniel Josefsson
Daniel Josefsson (born October 15, 1981) is a Swedish  former professional ice hockey player who last played with HC Vita Hästen of the HockeyAllsvenskan (Allsv). Josefsson had previously played in the Swedish Hockey League (SHL) with HV71, Södertälje SK, Modo Hockey, AIK IF and Leksands IF.
Carmack
Carmack is a surname derived from the Irish given name "Cormac". Notable people with the surname include:

Adrian Carmack (born 1969), game artist, cofounder of id Software

Chris Carmack (born 1980), American actor

Edward W. Carmack (1858–1908), American politician

George Carmack (1860–1922), American discoverer of gold in the Klondike region

Howard Carmack, Internet spammer

John Carmack (born 1970), American game programmer, co-founder of id Software

Justin Carmack (1981–2000), American child actor

Kate Carmack (1862–1920), First Nation woman

Kona Carmack (born 1976), American model

Kate Carmack
Shaaw Tláa, also known as Kate Carmack (c. 1857 – 29 March 1920), was a Tagish First Nation woman who was one of the party that first found gold in the Klondike River in 1896, and is sometimes credited with being the person who made the actual discovery.
Sikder Bodiruzzaman
Sikder Bodiruzzaman is a Bangladeshi diplomat and a former ambassador of Bangladesh to Ethiopia during 2023–2025. He was the director general of Eastern Europe and CIS wing at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Bangladesh)
Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Bengali: পররাষ্ট্র মন্ত্রণালয়, romanized: Porôstrô Montronaloy; abbreviated as MOFA) is a ministry of the Government of Bangladesh responsible for formulating and implementing the country’s foreign policy. It oversees diplomatic missions, international relations, consular services, and multilateral cooperation.
Contrepoints
Contrepoints is a French online magazine founded in 2009. The name of the newspaper is a reference to Contrepoint, a now-defunct newspaper launched by French philosopher Raymond Aron.

According to Le Monde, Contrepoints is one of the most prominent libertarian websites in France. For Pew and Institut Montaigne, the magazine has a center-right classical liberal editorial stance.

Contrepoints was awarded a Templeton Freedom Award  by the Atlas Economic Research Foundation in 2012.

Institut Montaigne
Institut Montaigne is a think tank based in Paris, France, founded in 2000. Institut Montaigne makes public policy recommendations to advance its agenda, which broadly reflects that of the large French companies that fund it. It contracts experts from the French business community, academia, civil society, and government.
Adolfo Millabur
Adolfo Millabur Ñancuil (born 30 August 1966 in Tirúa, Arauco) is a Mapuche politician in Chile. Millabur served as Mayor of Tirúa from 1994 to 2011, holding the distinction of being the first Mapuche mayor in Chilean history.

Tirúa
Tirúa (Spanish pronunciation: [tiˈɾu.a]) is a Chilean commune and town in Arauco Province, Biobío Region. The 2010 Chile earthquake led to a permanent uplift of Tirúa of about 180 cm above sea level, the highest recorded uplift related to the earthquake. This caused a large islet to form at the mouth of Tirúa River next to the town. The Misión Jesuita Mapuche is based in Tirúa.
Artemis: Spaceship Bridge Simulator
Artemis: Spaceship Bridge Simulator is a multiplayer co-operative spaceship simulation game created by Thomas Robertson for Windows, iOS, and Android devices.  The game is designed to be played between three and eight players over a local area network, with each player using a separate computer that provides a different spaceship bridge station, such as helm control or engineering.

Simulation video game
Simulation video games are a diverse super-category of video games, generally designed to closely simulate real world activities. A simulation game attempts to copy various activities from real life in the form of a game for various purposes such as training, analysis, prediction, or entertainment. Usually there are no strictly defined goals in the game, and the player is allowed to control a character or environment freely. Well-known examples are war games, business games, and role play simulation. From three basic types of strategic, planning, and learning exercises: games, simulations, and case studies, a number of hybrids may be considered, including simulation games that are used as case studies. Comparisons of the merits of simulation games versus other teaching techniques have been carried out by many researchers and a number of comprehensive reviews have been published.
Tourism in Mauritius
Tourism in Mauritius is an important component of the Mauritian economy as well as a significant source of its foreign exchange revenues.  The tourism industry is also a major economic pillar on the island of Rodrigues; however, tourism has not been developed in Agaléga Islands. Mauritius is mostly appreciated by tourists for its natural environment and man-made attractions, the multi-ethnic and cultural diversity of the population, the tropical climate, beaches and water sports. Sea level rise and coral bleaching due to climate change threatens the Mauritian tourism sector.

Economy of Mauritius
The economy of Mauritius is a mixed developing economy based on agriculture, exports, financial services, and tourism. Since the early 1970s, the government of Mauritius has diversified the country's economy beyond its historical dependence on sugar production.
Abel Adams
Abel Adams (born Aapeli Korhonen, 14 March 1879 – 14 July 1938) was a Finnish film producer and the founder of Adams Filmi. He was born in Karttula and, in the 1930s, ran the largest chain of cinemas in Finland. After his death in Helsinki in 1938, Adams Filmi stopped producing films for ten years.

Karttula
Karttula (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈkɑrtːulɑ]) is a former municipality of Finland. It was consolidated with the city of Kuopio on 1 January 2011.

The municipality was located in the North Savo region. It had a population of 3,483 (31 October 2010) and covered a land area of 473.38 square kilometres (182.77 sq mi). The population density was 7.36 inhabitants per square kilometre (19.1/sq mi). The municipality was unilingually Finnish.

Karttula was consolidated with the city of Kuopio in 2011. Kuopio retained its name and coat of arms.

In the 1980s, each Savonian municipality voted for its own signature dish. Karttula's traditional dish was mykysoppa, a variation of Upper Savo's mykyrokka. Other local dishes include blueberry gruel and sap.
1992 Swedish Open
The 1992 Swedish Open was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts in Båstad, Sweden that was part of the World Series of the 1992 ATP Tour. It was the 45th edition of the tournament and was held from 6 July until 12 July 1992. Second-seeded Magnus Gustafsson won his second consecutive singles title at the event.

Båstad
Båstad (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈbôːsta(d)]) is a locality and the seat of Båstad Municipality, Scania County, Sweden, with approximately 5,000 permanent residents. It is however one of Sweden's most typical summer resorts. The population is presumably more than twice as large between April and September, and even larger during July. Its municipality follows a similar pattern: some 15,000 permanent residents, but more than 30,000 during July. Some villages within the municipality are almost empty during the winter, but have more than 2,000 "summer guests" during July. Torekov is a good example of this.

Within Sweden, Båstad is well known for tennis. The largest centre court in Sweden is located in the town's centre, and can take more than 5,000 attendants. Several top national players, such as Björn Borg, Mats Wilander and Stefan Edberg, have played tennis in Båstad.
Hizb-i Paykār
Hizb-i Paykār (Persian: حزب پیکار, lit. 'Battle Party') was a small nationalist organization in Iran during 1940s. The party denounced the reign of Reza Shah and it condemned the presence of the Allies on Iranian soil.

According to L. P. Elwell-Sutton, the party was composed of intellectuals, and at some time was sympathized by figures such as Hossein Ala and Isa Sedigh.

One of its organs "showed inclinations in favor of Nazi Germany", while the party "tended towards France, and against the soviet Union". In 1943 a weekly newspaper entitled Mard-i Imruz which had been launched by Mohammad Masud in 1942 became the official media outlet of the party.

Mohammad Masud
Mohammad Masud (1905–1948; Persian: محمد مسعود) was an Iranian journalist and writer. He published some books and launched a weekly newspaper, Mard-i Imruz (Persian: The Man of Today). He was an ardent critic of the Pahlavi rule and Ahmad Qavam. Masud was assassinated in February 1948.
Johnny Shultz
John H. "Shebo" Shultz (c. 1909 – November 28, 1932) was an American football player.

Shultz attended Pen Argyl High School in eastern Pennsylvania. He played college football for Temple from 1927 to 1929. As a senior in 1929, he converted on 48 of 52 runs for first down. While playing for Temple, The Philadelphia Inquirer described him as Temple's best defensive back and a "star of the first order."

He also played professional football in the National Football League (NFL) as a fullback for the Frankford Yellow Jackets in 1930. He appeared in six NFL games, one as a starter.

Shultz later  became coach of the undefeated Ashland High School football team. He died in an automobile crash in November 1932. He was buried at St. Elizabeth's Cemetery in Pen Argyl, Pennsylvania.

Temple Owls football
The Temple Owls football team represents Temple University in the sport of college football. The Temple Owls compete in the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision as a member of the American Conference. They play their home games at Lincoln Financial Field in Philadelphia.

The Owls were a football-only member of the Big East Conference from 1991 until 2004. Temple was expelled from the league due to a lack of commitment to the football program from university officials. Temple played the 2005 and 2006 seasons as an independent before playing in the Mid-American Conference (MAC) from 2007 to 2011.

In March 2012, the Owls rejoined the Big East Conference, with football membership beginning in the 2012 season and all other sports beginning conference play in 2013. After several basketball-only schools split off to form a new conference that kept the Big East name, Temple remained in the reorganized American Athletic Conference.
1988 AAA Championships
The 1988 AAA Championships was an outdoor track and field competition organised by the Amateur Athletic Association (AAA), held from 5–7 August at Alexander Stadium in Birmingham, England.It served as the trials for the 1988 British Olympic team. It was considered the de facto national championships for the United Kingdom, ahead of the 1989 UK Athletics Championships.

For the first time, men's and women's events were contested at the same championships, with the WAAA Championships merging with the previously men-only AAA Championships.

The men's decathlon, women's heptathlon and women's 5000 metres events were hosted in Stoke-on-Trent. The women's 10,000 m walk was held in London.

Stoke-on-Trent
Stoke-on-Trent (often abbreviated to Stoke) is a city and unitary authority area in Staffordshire, England. It had an estimated population of 259,965 in 2022, making it the largest settlement in Staffordshire and one of the largest cities of the Midlands. Stoke is surrounded by the towns of Newcastle-under-Lyme, Alsager, Kidsgrove and Biddulph, which form a conurbation around the city.

The city is polycentric, formed from the federation of six towns in 1910. It took its name from the town of Stoke-upon-Trent, where the main centre of government and the principal railway station in the district were located. Hanley is the primary commercial centre. The other four towns which form the city are Burslem, Tunstall, Longton and Fenton.

As the home of the pottery industry in England, the area is known as The Potteries. It is a centre for service industries and distribution centres. It formerly had a primarily heavy industry sector.