hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Acrognathus
Acrognathus (from Greek: άκρος ákros, 'high' and Greek: γνάθος gnáthos 'jaw') is an extinct genus of ray-finned fish belonging to the order Aulopiformes. Although no extensive systematic analysis has been performed, it is tentatively placed with the greeneyes in the family Chlorophthalmidae, making it the oldest representative of that family.

The following species are known:

A. boops Agassiz, 1836 (late Cenomanian/Coniacian to Turonian of the United Kingdom)

A. dodgei Hay, 1903 (late Cenomanian of Lebanon)

A. libanicus Woodward, 1901 (late Cenomanian of Lebanon)

Aulopiformes
Aulopiformes /ˈɔːləpɪfɔːrmiːz/ is a diverse order of marine ray-finned fish consisting of some 15 extant and several prehistoric families with about 45 genera and over 230 species. The common names grinners, lizardfishes and allies, or aulopiforms are sometimes used for this group. They are included in the superorder Cyclosquamata, though modern taxonomists consider this superorder to be unwarranted.

Many extant aulopiforms are deep-sea fishes, with some species recognized as being hermaphroditic, a number of which are able to self-fertilise. Some are benthic, but most are pelagic swimmers (nektonic). A clade of Aulopiformes, the suborder Enchodontoidei and its many constituent families, were dominant nektonic fish throughout much of the Late Cretaceous before the extinction of most of their members around the K–Pg event, with the Dercetidae surviving for some time in the Cenozoic.
Lydia Johnson
Lydia Johnson is a South African politician who represented the African National Congress (ANC) in the KwaZulu-Natal Legislature until 2019. She was the legislature's Speaker from 2013 to 2019 and previously served in the KwaZulu-Natal Executive Council between 2006 and 2011: she was KwaZulu-Natal's Member of the Executive Council (MEC) for Public Works from 2006 to 2009 and MEC for Agriculture, Environmental Affairs and Rural Development from 2009 to 2011. In June 2022, she was appointed board chairperson at Ezemvelo.

Executive Council of KwaZulu-Natal
The Executive Council of KwaZulu-Natal is the cabinet of the executive branch of the provincial government in the South African province of KwaZulu-Natal. The Members of the Executive Council (MECs) are appointed from among the members of the KwaZulu-Natal Provincial Legislature by the Premier of KwaZulu-Natal, an office held since May 2024 by Thami Ntuli of the Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP).
Roger Mead
Roger Mead (1938 – 10 August 2015) was an English statistician and Emeritus Professor of Applied Statistics at the University of Reading. He is known for his paper with John Nelder on the widely-used Nelder–Mead method and for his work on statistical methods for agriculture and the design of experiments. He was made an Honorary Life Member of the International Biometric Society in 2014.

International Biometric Society
The International Biometric Society (IBS) is an international professional and academic society promoting the development and application of statistical and mathematical theory and methods in the biosciences, including biostatistics.
It sponsors the International Biometric Conference (IBC), held every two years.
Boku Igai no Dareka
"Boku Igai no Dareka" (僕以外の誰か) is the 16th single by Japanese idol girl group NMB48. It was released on 28 December 2016. It reached number-one on the weekly Oricon Singles Chart with 266,813 copies sold. It also reached the second place on the Billboard Japan Hot 100.

Billboard Japan Hot 100
The Billboard Japan Hot 100 is a record chart in Japan for songs. It has been compiled by Billboard Japan and Hanshin Contents Link since February 2008. The chart is updated every Wednesday at Billboard-japan.com (JST) and every Thursday at Billboard.com (UTC).

The first number-one song on the chart was "Stay Gold" by Hikaru Utada on the issue dated January 16, 2008. The first number-one song on the chart by a non-Japanese artist was "Bleeding Love" by Leona Lewis in the issue dated April 30, 2008. The current number-one on the chart as of the issue dated February 25, 2026, is "Bakuretsu Aishiteru" by M!lk.
Banikoara
Banikoara [ba.ni.kwa.ʁa] is a town, arrondissement and commune located in the Alibori Department of Benin.  It lies 69 kilometers west of Kandi at the heart of the most productive cotton-growing region in Benin.  Its name is a Europeanized version of a Bariba phrase meaning "Bani's town", and honors its founder, Bani Gansé.

Banikoara, like many areas of Benin, is home to a constituent monarchy.

Bariba language
Bariba, also known as Baatonum, is the language of the Bariba people and was the language of the state of Borgu. The native speakers are called Baatombu (singular Baatonu), Barba, Baruba, Berba and a number of various other names and spellings.

It is primarily spoken in Benin, but also across the border in adjacent Kwara State and Niger State, a percentage of speakers are also found in Saki West local government area of Oyo State Nigeria, and some Bariba are in Togo, Burkina Faso and Niger. Welmers (1952) reported the Bariba language as spoken in the cities of Nikki, Parakou, Kandi, gwanara, Bankubu, Boriya, Ilesha Baruba and Natitingou.
Naphthazarin
Naphthazarin, often called 5,8-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone or 5,8-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthalenedione (IUPAC), is a naturally occurring organic compound with formula C10H6O4, formally derived from 1,4-naphthoquinone through replacement of two hydrogen atoms by hydroxyl (OH) groups.  It is thus one of many dihydroxynaphthoquinone structural isomers.

Naphthazarin is soluble in 1,4-dioxane from which it crystallizes as deep red needles that melt at 228−232 °C.

1,4-Dioxane
1,4-Dioxane (/daɪˈɒkseɪn/) is a heterocyclic organic compound, classified as an ether. It is a colorless liquid with a faint sweet odor similar to that of diethyl ether. The compound is often called simply dioxane because the other dioxane isomers (1,2- and 1,3-) are rarely encountered.

1,4-Dioxane is miscible in water, essentially nonvolatile when dissolved in water, not well adsorbed by activated carbon, and not readily oxidized by common oxidants.

Dioxane is used as a solvent in manufacturing applications, and as a stabilizer for the transport of chlorinated hydrocarbons in aluminium containers. It is a highly flammable substance that produces toxic vapors when heated.

Although it is a trace material in commonly used products, such as cosmetics, dioxane is considered a hazardous contaminant and potential carcinogen in many countries, requiring government monitoring of amounts used in manufacturing and its presence in air, drinking water, and ecosystems.
Hades 360
Hades 360 is a hybrid wooden roller coaster at Mt. Olympus Water & Theme Park in Wisconsin Dells, Wisconsin. When it opened in 2005, the coaster was known as Hades; it was renamed in 2013 when the 360 degree roll was installed. It is the largest roller coaster in the park. Hades 360 is a rarity among wooden roller coasters due to its 360 degree roll, 110-degree over banked turn, and steep 65-degree drop as well as its 90-degree banked turn, as drops and angles this steep are generally not included on wooden roller coasters due to structural limitations. The ride was designed by The Gravity Group.

Wisconsin Dells, Wisconsin
Wisconsin Dells (formerly Kilbourn) is a city in Columbia, Sauk, Adams and Juneau counties in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. The population was 2,942 at the 2020 census. The city takes its name from the Dells of the Wisconsin River, a scenic gorge that features sandstone formations along the banks of the Wisconsin River. It is a popular Midwestern tourist destination, home to several water parks and tourist attractions. Wisconsin Dells is about 42 miles (68 km) northwest of Madison, the state's capital city.
Birlya
The Birlya (Russian: Бирля; Tatar: Бәрле), a tributary of the Sviyaga, is a river in the Republic of Tatarstan in Russia. The name has its origin from the Tatar language words bure and ile which mean "the river on the place of wolves" or Finno-Ugric languages word hop. There is information that Cheremisa people (Mari people) used to raise hop.

Mari people
The Mari (/ˈmɑːri/ MAR-ee), also formerly known as the Cheremis or Cheremisses, are a Finno-Ugric people in Eastern Europe, who have traditionally lived along the Volga and Kama rivers in Russia. They live mostly in the Mari El republic, with significant minorities in Bashkortostan, Perm Krai, Tatarstan and Udmurtia. Mari make up 40.1% of the population of Mari El.
Warrior of the Wind
Warrior of the Wind is a 2023 fantasy novel written by Nigerian writer Suyi Davies Okungbowa. It is the sequel to Son of the Storm and the second instalment in the Nameless Republic series.

It was nominated for the 2024 Nommo Awards.

Nommo Awards
The Nommo Awards are literary awards presented by The African Speculative Fiction Society. 
The awards recognize works of speculative fiction by Africans, defined as "science fiction, fantasy, stories of magic and traditional belief, alternative histories, horror and strange stuff that might not fit in anywhere else."

The Nommo Awards have four categories: Best Novel, Novella, Short Story, and Graphic Novel. They are named after the Nommo, ancestral spirits from Dogon cosmology who take a variety of forms, including appearing on land as fish, walking on their tails.
Macrocycle
Macrocycles are often described as molecules and ions containing a ring of twelve or more atoms. Classical examples include the crown ethers, calixarenes, porphyrins, and cyclodextrins. Macrocycles describe a large, mature area of chemistry.

Ring (chemistry)
In chemistry, a ring is an ambiguous term referring either to a simple cycle of atoms and bonds in a molecule or to a connected set of atoms and bonds in which every atom and bond is a member of a cycle (also called a ring system). A ring system that is a simple cycle is called a monocycle or simple ring, and one that is not a simple cycle is called a polycycle or polycyclic ring system. A simple ring contains the same number of sigma bonds as atoms, and a polycyclic ring system contains more sigma bonds than atoms.

A molecule containing one or more rings is called a cyclic compound, and a molecule containing two or more rings (either in the same or different ring systems) is termed a polycyclic compound. A molecule containing no rings is called an acyclic or open-chain compound.
KV32
Tomb KV32, located in the Valley of the Kings in Egypt, is the burial site of Tia'a, the wife of Amenhotep II and mother of Thutmose IV.

The tomb was discovered in 1898 by Victor Loret. It is an undecorated tomb and runs back some 40 metres into the mountainside with a burial chamber (6.24 x 8.56 x 4.01 m) at the end. A portion of it was penetrated by workmen digging the original burial chamber in the tomb of Siptah KV47.

KV32 has been fully cleared, excavated and published by a team from the University of Basel's MISR Project. The finds in the tomb include hundreds of fragments of a canopic chest and fragments of lids with a human head for covering the potholes that contained the entrails of the queen. Other finds include shabtis and shabti miniature coffins with the name of the queen. Vases with the name of the mayor of Thebes, Sennefer and those of his wife Sentnay were also found.

Thutmose IV
Thutmose IV (sometimes read as Thutmosis or Tuthmosis IV, Thothmes in older history works in Latinized Greek; Ancient Egyptian: ḏḥwti.msi(.w) "Born of Thoth") was the 8th Pharaoh of the 18th Dynasty of Egypt, who ruled in approximately the 14th century BC. His prenomen or royal name, Menkheperure, means "Established in forms is Re." He was the son of Amenhotep II and Tiaa. Thutmose IV was the grandfather of Akhenaten.
Tamara Rubin
Tamara Rubin is an American activist, researcher and filmmaker focused on heavy metals poisoning prevention, particularly lead. A frequent speaker on the topic, she has appeared alongside Erin Brockovich at public events.

Since 2018 she has run Lead Safe Mama LLC, a crowd-funded, community-based company for Heavy Metals poisoning prevention which has been covered in multiple media outlets, having found lead in Stanley Cups and in toothpaste.

Toothpaste
Toothpaste is a paste or gel dentifrice that is used with a toothbrush to clean and maintain the aesthetics of teeth. Toothpaste is used to promote oral hygiene: it is an abrasive that aids in removing dental plaque and food from the teeth, assists in suppressing halitosis, and delivers active ingredients (most commonly fluoride) to help prevent tooth decay (dental caries) and gum disease (gingivitis). Due to variations in composition and fluoride content, not all toothpastes are equally effective in maintaining oral health. The decline of tooth decay during the 20th century has been attributed to the introduction and regular use of fluoride-containing toothpastes worldwide. Large amounts of swallowed toothpaste can be poisonous. Common colors for toothpaste include white (sometimes with colored stripes or green tint) and blue.
William Golden (graphic designer)
William Golden (March 31, 1911 – October 23, 1959) was an American graphic designer. He is best known as the designer of the CBS logo. He started in the CBS Radio promotion department (before broadcast television existed) and culminating in his tenure as creative director of advertising and sales promotion for CBS Television Network.  Golden gained a reputation for always striving for a perfect, simple solution to the problem at hand, producing an original and distinguished design to convey the message.

Graphic designer
A graphic designer is a practitioner who follows the discipline of graphic design, either within companies or organizations or independently. They are professionals in design and visual communication, with their primary focus on transforming linguistic messages into graphic manifestations, whether tangible or intangible. They are responsible for planning, designing, projecting, and conveying messages or ideas through visual communication. Graphic design is one of the most in-demand professions with significant job opportunities, as it allows leveraging technological advancements and working online from anywhere in the world.
Kamor
The Kamor is a mountain in the Appenzell Alps and has an elevation of 1,751 m above the sea. It is part of a mountain belt of the Alpstein massif which forms the western boundary of the Alpine Rhine Valley and is located on the border of the Swiss cantons Appenzell Innerrhoden and Canton of St. Gallen.

Less than one kilometre to the south is the Hoher Kasten, a 1,794 metres (5,886 ft) high mountain accessible via an aerial tramway from Brülisau. Both mountains are separated by the Kamorsattel, a 1,678 m (5,505 ft) high saddle, but connected by a hiking path.

On top of the Kamor is a wooden summit cross erected by the section Kamor of the Swiss Alpine Club.

Ascents to Kamor and Hoher Kasten were already described in the early 19th century.

Alpine Rhine Valley
The Alpine Rhine Valley (German: Alpenrheintal) is a glacial alpine valley, formed by the Alpine Rhine (German: Alpenrhein [ˈalpm̩ʁaɪn] ⓘ), the part of the Rhine between the confluence of the Anterior Rhine and Posterior Rhine at Reichenau and Lake Constance. It covers three countries, with sections of the river demarcating the borders between Austria and Switzerland and between Liechtenstein and Switzerland. The valley is 93 km long. In the upper 9 km stretch, the valley width is 1.5 km with narrow (60 m) incised channel. For the next 71 km, the valley floor varies between 3 and 4 km; on approach to Lake Constance the valley widens up to 15 km.
Christine Fletcher
Christine Elizabeth Fletcher QSO (née Lees, born 25 January 1955) is a New Zealand politician. Currently an Auckland Council councillor, she was previously a National Party Member of Parliament from 1990 to 1999, and served one term as Mayor of Auckland City between 1998 and 2001. In October 2010 she became the co-leader of the Auckland local body ticket Citizens & Ratepayers after winning the Albert-Eden-Roskill ward on the new Auckland Council.

Communities and Residents
Communities and Residents (C&R) is a right-leaning local body ticket in Auckland, New Zealand. It was formed in 1938 as Citizens & Ratepayers, with a view to controlling the Auckland City Council and preventing left-leaning Labour Party control. It controlled the council most of the time from World War II until the council was merged into the Auckland Council in 2010. It changed its name from "Citizens & Ratepayers" to "Communities and Residents" in 2012.
Quantum well laser
A quantum-well laser is a laser diode in which the active region of the device is so narrow that quantum confinement occurs.  Laser diodes are formed in compound semiconductor materials that (quite unlike silicon) are able to emit light efficiently.  The wavelength of the light emitted by a quantum-well laser is determined by the width of the active region rather than just the bandgap of the materials from which it is constructed.  This means that much shorter wavelengths can be obtained from quantum-well lasers than from conventional laser diodes using a particular semiconductor material.  The efficiency of a quantum-well laser is also greater than a conventional laser diode due to the stepwise form of its density of states function.

Density of states
In condensed matter physics, the density of states (DOS) of a system describes the number of allowed modes or states per unit energy range. The density of states is defined as , where  is the number of states in the system of volume  whose energies lie in the range from  to . It is mathematically represented as a distribution by a probability density function, and it is generally an average over the space and time domains of the various states occupied by the system. The density of states is directly related to the dispersion relations of the properties of the system. High DOS at a specific energy level means that many states are available for occupation.

Generally, the density of states of matter is continuous. In isolated systems however, such as atoms or molecules in the gas phase, the density distribution is discrete, like a spectral density. Local variations, most often due to distortions of the original system, are often referred to as local densities of states (LDOSs).
1963 San Diego mayoral election
The 1963 San Diego mayoral election was held on November 5, 1963, to elect the mayor for San Diego. Incumbent mayor Charles Dail did not stand for reelection. In the primary election, Frank Curran and Murray Goodrich received the most votes and advanced to the runoff. Curran was then elected mayor with a majority of the votes.

Mayor of San Diego
The mayor of the City of San Diego is the official head and chief executive officer of the U.S. city of San Diego, California. The mayor has the duty to enforce and execute the laws enacted by the San Diego City Council, the legislative branch. The mayor serves a four-year term and is limited to two successive terms.

There have been 36 people who have served as mayor in San Diego since 1850, when California became a state following the Conquest of California. Prior to the conquest, Californios served as mayor of San Diego during the Spanish and Mexican eras since 1780. From 1852 to 1888, the city was run by a board of trustees and there was no elected mayor. However, the president of the board was called mayor as a courtesy.

The most recent election was held in November 2024, and Todd Gloria was re-elected as the 37th mayor of San Diego.
Rinorea fausteana
Rinorea fausteana is a species of plant in the Violaceae family. It is endemic to Cameroon.  Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.

Violaceae
Violaceae is a family of flowering plants established in 1802, consisting of about 1000 species in about 25 genera. It takes its name from the genus Viola,  the violets and pansies.

Older classifications such as the Cronquist system placed the Violaceae in an order named after it, the Violales or the Parietales. However, molecular phylogeny studies place the family in the Malpighiales as reflected in the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG) classification, with 41 other families, where it is situated in the parietal clade of 11 families. Most of the species are found in three large genera, Viola, Rinorea and Hybanthus. The other genera are largely monotypic or oligotypic. The genera are grouped into four clades within the family. The species are largely tropical or subtropical but Viola has a number of species in temperate regions. Many genera have a very restricted distribution.
2009 Bangladesh ferry accident
The 2009 Bangladesh ferry accident occurred on 4 December 2009 on the Daira river located in Mithamain Upazila, Kishoreganj District in Bangladesh. A passenger ferry collided head-on with a launch. At least 47 people were killed. The accident occurred in the morning when the river was covered by fog.

Mithamain Upazila
Mithamoin (Bengali: মিঠামইন, romanized: Mithamoin) is an upazila (subdistrict) of Kishoreganj District in northern Bangladesh, located in Dhaka Division. It is best known as the home upazila of Abdul Hamid, the former President of Bangladesh.
Nucleic acid structure
Nucleic acid structure refers to the structure of nucleic acids such as DNA and RNA. Chemically speaking, DNA and RNA are very similar. Nucleic acid structure is often divided into four different levels: primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary.

Cytosine
Cytosine (symbol C or Cyt) is one of the four nucleotide bases found in DNA and RNA, along with adenine, guanine, and thymine (uracil in RNA). It is a pyrimidine derivative, with a heterocyclic aromatic ring and two substituents attached (an amine group at position 4 and a keto group at position 2). The nucleoside of cytosine is cytidine.  In Watson–Crick base pairing, it forms three hydrogen bonds with guanine.
English Fairy Tales
English Fairy Tales is a book containing a collection of 41 fairy tales retold by Flora Annie Steel and published in 1918 by Macmillan and Co., Limited, London. It was illustrated by Arthur Rackham and entails a variety of fairy tales featuring mythical creatures, heroic figures, and moral lessons. The book explores themes including the struggle between good and evil and the importance of courage and intelligence. It provides readers with an insight into the realm of British folklore by offering a comprehensive collection of English folk narratives, thereby enhancing the accessibility of these stories for readers of the time and beyond. Originally, the tales featured in the book were primarily published in 1890 and 1894 by Joseph Jacobs.

British folklore
British folklore includes topics such as the region's legends, recipes, and folk beliefs seen throughout the United Kingdom or Britain. British folklore includes English folklore, Scottish folklore and Welsh folklore. Many of these shared tales are tied to real modern and ancient geographical features that have inspired stories of mythical creatures and characters. The traditions inherited from folklore of generations past also still continue to influence present British culture in regards to current local festivals, literature and preserved customs.
From There to Here
From There to Here is a British drama television series, first broadcast on BBC One on 22 May 2014. The drama begins in June 1996, on the day of the 1996 Manchester bombing and covers four years, including New Labour in government in 1997 and the Millennium celebrations of 2000.

Liz White (actress)
Elizabeth White is an English actress. She grew up in Plymouth and attended Plymstock School from 1989 until 1994. She is known for portraying roles of Annie Cartwright in the BBC One drama series Life on Mars (2006–2007), and Emma Keane in the Channel 4 school-based drama series Ackley Bridge (2017–2019).