hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Emil Skog
Emil Albert Skog (30 June 1897, Helsingin maalaiskunta – 20 September 1981, Helsinki) was a Finnish telephone worker, civil servant and politician. During the Finnish Civil War, Skog fought at the Battle of Tampere as an artilleryman on the Red side and was imprisoned at the Kalevankangas camp after Tampere surrendered on 6 April 1918.

From 1946 to 1957, Skog was the chairman of the Social Democratic Party of Finland (SDP). He served as Minister of Defence of Finland from 29 July 1948 to 17 March 1950, from 17 January 1951 to 9 July 1953 and from 5 May 1954 to 27 May 1957.

From 1959 to 1964, Skog was the chairman of the Social Democratic Union of Workers and Smallholders (TPSL). He became a member of the editorial board of the leftist newspaper Päivän Sanomat in 1959. He rejoined the SDP in 1964.

Tampere camp
Tampere camp (also Kalevankangas camp) was a concentration camp operating from 6 April 1918 to 15 September 1918 in the Kaleva district of Tampere, Finland. It was set up for the Reds captured by the White Army after the Finnish Civil War Battle of Tampere.
A Boy in a Tree
"A Boy in a Tree" is the third episode of the first season of the television series Bones. Originally aired on September 27, 2005 on Fox network, the episode is written by Hart Hanson and directed by Patrick Norris. The plot features FBI Special Agent Seeley Booth and Dr. Temperance Brennan's investigation of a teenage boy's remains found inside an exclusive private school.

Patrick Norris
Patrick R. Norris is an American television director.

His directing credits include Chuck, Friday Night Lights, Gossip Girl, The Vampire Diaries, Hidden Palms, Related, Bones, North Shore, The Division, The O.C., Boston Public, Star Trek: Enterprise, The Twilight Zone, American Dreams, Roswell, V.I.P., Once and Again, Jack & Jill, Xena: Warrior Princess, Wasteland, Cupid, The Net, Dawson's Creek, The Visitor, Relativity, Malibu Shores, Second Noah, The Marshal, My So-Called Life, Chicago Hope and Party of Five.

In 1989 and 1991, Norris won two Primetime Emmy Awards for "Outstanding Achievement In Costuming For a Series" for his work on the series Thirtysomething.
Bundesautobahn 86
Bundesautobahn 86 (translates from German as Federal Motorway 86, short form Autobahn 86, abbreviated as BAB 86 or A 86) was a planned autobahn in Germany. It was supposed to connect Breisach via Freiburg im Breisgau - Titisee - Donaueschingen - Tuttlingen - Riedlingen - Ulm to Langenau. Part of it has been built as the A 864.

The construction of the Autobahn stopped.

Donaueschingen
Donaueschingen (German pronunciation: [ˌdoːnaʊˈʔɛʃɪŋən] ⓘ; Low Alemannic: Eschinge) is a German town in the Black Forest in the southwest of the federal state of Baden-Württemberg in the Schwarzwald-Baar Kreis. It stands near the confluence of the two sources of the river Danube (in German: Donau).

Donaueschingen stands in a basin within low mountainous terrain. It is located about 13 km (8.1 mi) south of Villingen-Schwenningen, 24 km (15 mi) west of Tuttlingen, and about 30 km (19 mi) north of the Swiss town of Schaffhausen. In 2015 the population was 21,750, making it the second largest town in the district (Kreis) of Schwarzwald-Baar. It is a regional rail hub.
Nassau Lake
Nassau Lake is a reservoir located in Rensselaer County, New York.

Jonathan Hoag, who settled in Nassau in 1792, purchased of Patroon Stephen Van Rensselaer, several hundred acres of land on and adjoining the site of the village of Nassau. The body of water now known as Nassau Lake was then named Hoag's Pond. It was created by Hoag by constructing a dam which covered "the Vlaie" or "Beaver Meadow" with water.

Nassau Lake and its dam are owned and maintained by the Nassau Lake Park Improvement Association. Use of the lake and association properties are reserved for members of the association. The land surrounding the lake includes the hamlets of Morey Park (at the north end), Braeside (on the west side of the lake), and Rosecrans Park (at the south end). The entire land surrounding the lake is part of the Nassau Lake census-designated place.

There is currently a ban on fish consumption in Nassau Lake due to contamination from the Dewey Loeffel Landfill.

Rensselaer County, New York
Rensselaer County /rɛnsəˈlɪər/ ren-sə-LEER is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 161,130, it's highest decennial count ever. Its county seat is Troy. The county is named in honor of the family of Kiliaen van Rensselaer, the original Dutch owner of the land in the area. The county is part of the Capital District region of the state.

Rensselaer County is part of the Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Mahindra e2o Plus
The Mahindra e2o Plus was a 5-door, 4-seater electric city car produced between 2016 and 2019 by Mahindra Electric for the Indian market. Its front fascia styling was similar to that of its smaller predecessor, the Mahindra e2o. Unlike its predecessor, it was not sold in the United Kingdom.

A-segment
The A-segment is the first category in the passenger car classification system defined by the European Commission. It is used for city cars, the smallest category of passenger cars defined.

A-segment sales represented approximately 4.2% of the European market in 2024. It is approximately equivalent to the kei car class in Japan.
George Selwyn (bishop of Tinnevelly)
Christianity portal

George Theodore Selwyn (30 July 1887 – 30 May 1957) was an eminent priest in the middle part of the 20th century.

He was educated at St Lawrence College, Ramsgate and Corpus Christi College, Cambridge. After a curacy at St Matthew's, Bayswater, he emigrated to India as a CMS missionary, eventually becoming principal of St John's College, Palamcottah and then Bishop of Tinnevelly in 1945. He retired in 1953 and died four years later.

Palayamkottai
Palayamkottai (also Palayankottai) is a neighbourhood in Tirunelveli City, incorporated within the Tirunelveli City Municipal Corporation. It is situated on the east bank of the Thamirabarani river, with the exception of its downtown area, which is present on the west bank.
Dronning Olgas Vej
Dronning Olgas Vej (Danish: Queen Olga's Road) is a street in the Mariendal neighborhood of Frederiksberg in Copenhagen, Denmark. It runs from Falkoner Allé in the east to a modernist housing estate adjacent to Nordre Fasanvej in the west from where it turns south to join Kong Georgs Vej. The Modernist housing estate was built in the 1970s in the former grounds of the Stjernen cooperative brewery. Most of the other buildings in the street are single family detached homes from the late 19th and early 20th century.

Single-family detached home
A single-family detached home – also called a single-detached dwelling, single-family residence (SFR), separate house, or other similar terms – is a free-standing residential building. It is defined in opposition to a multi-family residential dwelling.
Sleep and metabolism
Sleep is important in regulating metabolism. Mammalian sleep can be sub-divided into two distinct phases - REM (rapid eye movement) and non-REM (NREM) sleep. In humans and cats, NREM sleep has four stages, where the third and fourth stages are considered slow-wave sleep (SWS). SWS is considered deep sleep, when metabolism is least active.

Metabolism involves two biochemical processes that occur in living organisms. The first is anabolism, which refers to the build up of molecules. The second is catabolism, the breakdown of molecules. These two processes work to regulate the amount of energy the body uses to maintain itself. During non-REM sleep, metabolic rate and brain temperature are lowered to deal with damages that may have occurred during time of wakefulness.

Anabolism
Anabolism (/əˈnæbəlɪzəm/ ə-NAB-ə-liz-əm) is the set of metabolic pathways that construct macromolecules like DNA or RNA from smaller units. These reactions require energy, known also as an endergonic process. Anabolism is the building-up aspect of metabolism, whereas catabolism is the breaking-down aspect. Anabolism is usually synonymous with biosynthesis.
2020 Kerala floods
During the heavy rainfall over the monsoon period from 1 June to 18 August 2020, all 14 districts in Kerala were affected with 104 dead and 40 injured.  Four districts in Kerala were flooded on 7 August 2020 (Idukki, Wayanad, Malappuram and Kottayam). Major reported incidents in relation to flooding include a landslide in Idukki district on 6 August, claiming 66 lives and an Air India plane crash that caused the death of 21 people. The 2020 flood in Kerala marked the third year in a row of severe monsoon flooding.

The state is reeling from the destruction: loss of lives, livestock and agriculture and damage to property of approximately ₹19,000 crore. Kerala State Disaster Management Plan was submitted to the Central Government to improve the disaster management capacity of the state.

Kottayam
Kottayam (IPA: [ko:ʈ:ajam]) is a city in the Kottayam district of Kerala, India. It is the district headquarters of the district and is located about 151 km (93.8 mi) north of the state capital Thiruvananthapuram. As per the 2011 Indian census, Kottayam has a population of 136,812 people, and a population density of 2,470/km2 (6,400/sq mi). 
Kottayam is also referred to as "the City of Letters"  as many of the first Malayalam daily newspapers, such as Deepika, Malayala Manorama, and Mangalam, were started and are headquartered in Kottayam, as are a number of publishing houses.
Weather of 2025
The following is a list of weather events that occurred on Earth in the year 2025. The year began with La Niña. Several weather events which had a significant impact were blizzards, cold waves, droughts, heat waves, wildfires, floods, tornadoes, and tropical cyclones.

Blizzard
A blizzard is a severe snowstorm characterized by strong sustained winds and low visibility, lasting for a prolonged period of time—typically at least three or four hours. A ground blizzard is a weather condition where snow that has already fallen is being blown by wind. Blizzards can have an immense size and usually stretch to hundreds or thousands of kilometres.
Bravasaurus
Bravasaurus (meaning Laguna Brava lizard) is a genus of titanosaurian sauropod dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous Ciénaga del Río Huaco Formation of La Rioja, Argentina. It contains one species, Bravasaurus arreirosorum.

Titanosauria
Titanosaurs (or titanosaurians; members of the group Titanosauria) were a diverse group of sauropod dinosaurs, including genera from every continent. The titanosaurs were the last surviving group of long-necked sauropods, with taxa still thriving at the time of the extinction event at the end of the Cretaceous. This group includes some of the largest land animals known to have ever existed, such as Patagotitan, estimated at 37 m (121 ft) long with a mass of 69 tonnes (76 tons), and the comparably-sized Argentinosaurus and Puertasaurus from the same region.

The group's name alludes to the mythological Titans of ancient Greek mythology, via the type genus (now considered a nomen dubium) Titanosaurus. Together with the brachiosaurids and relatives, titanosaurs make up the larger sauropod clade Titanosauriformes. Titanosaurs have long been a poorly-known group, and the relationships between titanosaur species are still not well-understood.
Takatsukasa Norihira
Takatsukasa Norihira (鷹司 教平; 14 February 1609 – 7 November 1668), son of Nobuhisa, was a kugyo or Japanese court noble of the early Edo period (1603–1868). He did not hold regent positions kampaku and sessho. The regent Takatsukasa Fusasuke was his son. His other son Kujō Kaneharu was adopted by the Kujō family. His daughter Takatsukasa Nobuko married the fifth shōgun Tokugawa Tsunayoshi.

Kugyō
Kugyō (公卿) is the collective term for the most important officials attached to the court of the Emperor of Japan in pre-Meiji eras. The term generally referred to the Kō (公) and Kei (卿) court officials and denoted a court rank between First Rank and Third Rank under the Ritsuryō system, as opposed to the lower court nobility, thus being the collective term for the upper court nobility. However, later on some holders of the Fourth Rank were also included.

In 1869, following the Meiji Restoration, the court nobility and daimyo were merged into a new peerage, the kazoku.
Aabra
Aabra is an uninhabited village in Rõuge Parish, Võru County, in southeastern Estonia. It is located on the territory of Haanja Nature Park, about 8 km (5 mi) southeast of Rõuge, the administrative centre of the municipality, and about 18 km (11 mi) south of the nearest town Võru.

There is a 1.5 ha (3.7 acres) lake named Lake Aabra and two hills Jaanimägi and Pähkünämägi located in the village.

Võru County
Võru County (Estonian: Võru maakond or Võrumaa; Võro: Võro maakund) is a county in southern Estonia. It is bordered by Valga and Põlva counties, Latvia's Alūksne and Ape municipalities, and Russia's Pskov Oblast (making it the only Estonian county to border two countries).

The territory of Võrumaa covers 2,305 km2 (890 sq mi) and is influenced by a temperate seasonal climate. In 2022, Võru County had a population of 34,182, 2.6% of the total population in Estonia. The county is subdivided into 12 rural municipalities and one urban municipality, the county capital, Võru.
Yale Dramatic Association
The Yale Dramatic Association, also known as the "Yale Dramat," is the third oldest college theater company in the United States. Founded in 1901 by undergraduates at Yale University, the Dramat has been producing student theatre in the United States for over a century.

Thornton Wilder
Thornton Niven Wilder (April 17, 1897 – December 7, 1975) was an American playwright and novelist. He won three Pulitzer Prizes, for the novel The Bridge of San Luis Rey and for the plays Our Town and The Skin of Our Teeth, and a U.S. National Book Award for the novel The Eighth Day.
Bovo-Bukh
The Bovo-Bukh (בָּבָא־בּוּך‎, בּאָבאָ־בּוּך; German transliteration: Baba Buch), also known as Buovo d'Antona (בָּבָא דְאַנְטוֹנָא‎), is a Yiddish chivalric romance written by Elia Levita between 1506 and 1508. Sol Liptzin described it as "the most outstanding poetic work in Old Yiddish".

The Bovo-Bukh became widely known in the late 18th century under the title Bovo-mayse (literally "Bovo’s tale"). The expression later evolved into Bubbe meise, meaning "old wives' tale".

Old wives' tale
"Old wives' tale" is a colloquial expression referring to spurious or superstitious claims. They can be said sometimes to be a type of urban legend, said to be passed down by older women to a younger generation. Such tales are considered superstition, folklore or unverified claims with exaggerated and/or inaccurate details. Old wives' tales often centre on women's traditional concerns, such as pregnancy, puberty, social relations, health, herbalism and nutrition.
Swifts Creek
Swifts Creek is a town in the Tambo Valley of East Gippsland, Victoria, Australia. The town is on the Great Alpine Road between Omeo and Ensay, 379 kilometres (235 mi) east of the state capital Melbourne and 300 metres (980 ft) above sea level. The area was originally settled by Europeans in the gold rushes of the mid-1800s. At the 2011 census, Swifts Creek and the surrounding area had a population of 419, with a median age of 47.

Victorian gold rush
The Victorian gold rush was a period in the history of Victoria, Australia, approximately between 1851 and the late 1860s. It led to a period of extreme prosperity for the Australian colony and an influx of population growth and financial capital for Melbourne, which was dubbed "Marvellous Melbourne" as a result of the procurement of wealth.
Mrs P.I.
Mrs P.I. (Chinese: 查某人) is a Singaporean Chinese drama which was telecasted on Singapore's free-to-air channel, MediaCorp Channel 8. It stars Michelle Chong, Cynthia Koh, Apple Hong, Zhang Zhenhuan, Zheng Geping, Yao Wenlong & Cavin Soh as the casts of the series. It made its debut on 8 November 2010 and ended on 3 December 2010. This drama serial consists of 20 episodes, and was screened on every weekday night at 9:00 pm. The encore is being made from 2 November 2011 to 29 November 2011 at every weekday at 5:30pm.

The series title (pronounced "zha boh lang") is the Teochew word and Singlish colloquialism for "woman".

Channel 8 (Singaporean TV channel)
Channel 8 (Chinese: 8頻道) is a Singaporean Mandarin-language free-to-air terrestrial television channel in Singapore, owned by state media conglomerate Mediacorp. The channel broadcasts general entertainment and news programming in the Mandarin language, including original and imported programming.

The channel began a series of experimental broadcasts on 31 August 1963, and officially launched on 22 November 1963. As with its sister Channel 5, the channel initially aired programming in all four of Singapore's official languages, with Channel 8 initially having a particular focus on the Chinese and Tamil communities. In 1973, this scope was formalised, with Channel 8 primarily broadcasting Chinese and Tamil-language programmes. In compliance with the government's Speak Mandarin Campaign, Chinese programming on the channel later broadcast solely in Mandarin Chinese. In 1995, Tamil programmes moved to Prime 12, with Channel 8 focusing exclusively on Mandarin programming.
Michael Rudd
Michael Rudd is a New Zealand performance poet. He won a number of poetry slams during the time he spent living in Australia, and was a finalist in the Poetry Olympics.

Rudd also  organises poetry events. He established numerous poetry reading and open mic nights over the years, around Auckland in NZ and in Melbourne and Sydney in Australia.

He has been the MC for the Going West Poetry Slam, which has been running annually in West Auckland since 2004, and organised the first New Zealand National Poetry Slam.

Poetry slam
A poetry slam is a competitive art event in which poets perform spoken word poetry before a live audience and a panel of judges.

Some people draw distinction between the concepts of "poetry slam" as a competition event and "slam poetry" as a performance event and art form.

There are regular poetry slam competitions all around the globe.

The performances at a poetry slam are judged as much on performance as content, and poets may compete as individuals or in teams. The judging is often handled by a panel of judges, typically five, who are usually selected from the audience. Sometimes the poets are judged by audience response.
Wareham High School
Wareham High School is a public high school located in Wareham, Massachusetts, United States. The school is a part of the Wareham Public School System, and serves roughly 500 students in grades 8–12. Wareham High School's colors are Blue, Gold & White, and their mascot is the Vikings.

Stephen Cooper (American football)
Stephen Cooper (born June 19, 1979) is an American former professional football player who was a linebacker for the San Diego Chargers of the National Football League (NFL).  He played college football for the Maine Black Bears.  He was signed by the Chargers as an undrafted free agent in 2003, and played his entire professional career for the Chargers.
Myriopteris pringlei
Myriopteris pringlei, known as Pringle's lip fern, is a small fern of Texas and Mexico. The leaf is three to four times divided into elliptical or long-triangular segments. The leaf axis is scaly, while the leaf surfaces bear a few whitish hairs or are free of them altogether. One of the cheilanthoid lip ferns, it was classified in the genus Cheilanthes as Cheilanthes pringlei until 2013, when the genus Myriopteris was again recognized as separate from Cheilanthes. It typically grows on igneous rock. It is named after Cyrus Pringle, who collected the type specimen.

Cheilanthoideae
Cheilanthoideae is one of the five subfamilies of the fern family Pteridaceae. The subfamily is understood to be monophyletic, but some of the genera as currently defined are not. Most species are xeric-adapted, and the subfamily is most diverse in dry areas.
Walter Whiteley
Walter John Whiteley is a professor in the department of mathematics and statistics at York University in Canada. He specializes in geometry and mathematics education, and is known for his expertise in structural rigidity and rigidity matroids.

Mathematics education
In contemporary education, mathematics education (known in Europe as the didactics or pedagogy of mathematics) is the practice of teaching, learning, and carrying out scholarly research into the transfer of mathematical knowledge.

Although research into mathematics education is primarily concerned with the tools, methods, and approaches that facilitate practice or the study of practice, it also covers an extensive field of study encompassing a variety of different concepts, theories and methods. National and international organisations regularly hold conferences and publish literature in order to improve mathematics education.
Trikala railway station
Trikala railway station (Greek: Σιδηροδρομικός σταθμός Τρικάλων) is a railway station in Trikala, Thessaly, Greece. The station is served by regional trains between Palaiofarsalos and Kalambaka. The station building is listed as a monument in Greece identified by the ID GR-E44-0038.

Currently, no trains serve the station, with rail replacement bus service operation between the Kalambaka and Paleofarsalos, where onward services can be found.

Hellenic Train
Hellenic Train S.A., formerly TrainOSE S.A. (Greek: ΤραινΟΣΕ Α.Ε.), is a private railway company in Greece which operates passenger and freight trains on OSE lines. Hellenic Train employs train crews, operators and manages most of the rail services throughout the Greek railway network, leasing rolling stock owned by GAIAOSE except for ETR 470 trains.

The company was a subsidiary of the Hellenic Railways Organisation (OSE) until 2008, when it became an independent state-owned company until its privatisation in 2017. 
TrainOSE was acquired in September 2017 by the Italian national railway company Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane. In 2022 the company rebranded as Hellenic Train.
Andrey Barbashinsky
Andrey Stanislavovich Barbashinsky (Belarusian: Андрэй Станіслававіч Барбашынскі; Russian: Андрей Станиславович Барбашинский, born May 4, 1970, in Ashmyany, Hrodna Voblast) is a Belarusian former handball player who competed for the Unified Team in the 1992 Summer Olympics.

In 1992 he won the gold medal with the Unified Team. He played all seven matches and scored 19 goals.

Grodno region
Grodno Region, also known as Grodno Oblast or Hrodna Voblasts, is a region of Belarus. Its administrative centre and its namesake, Grodno, is the largest city in the whole region. As of 2024, it has a population of 992,556.

Located in western Belarus, it lies on the Neman River. The region borders the Minsk region to the east, the Brest region to the south, Poland (Podlaskie Voivodeship) to the west and the Vitebsk region and Lithuania (Alytus and Vilnius counties) to the north.