hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
5-Methyluridine
The chemical compound 5-methyluridine (symbol m5U), also called ribothymidine (rT), is a pyrimidine nucleoside. It is the ribonucleoside counterpart to the deoxyribonucleoside thymidine, which lacks a hydroxyl group at the 2' position.  5-Methyluridine contains a thymine base joined to a ribose pentose sugar. It is a white solid.

m5U is one of the most common modifications made to cellular RNA. It almost universally occurs in position 54 (part of the T arm) of eukaryotic and bacterial tRNA, serving to stabilize the molecule. The same "T-loop" motif occurs in many other forms of noncoding RNA such as tmRNA and rRNA. Loss of the tRNA modification does not usually produce a different, less fit, phenotype.

Pyrimidine
Pyrimidine (C4H4N2; /pɪˈrɪ.mɪˌdiːn, paɪˈrɪ.mɪˌdiːn/) is an aromatic, heterocyclic, organic compound similar to pyridine (C5H5N). One of the three diazines (six-membered heterocyclics with two nitrogen atoms in the ring), it has nitrogen atoms at positions 1 and 3 in the ring.: 250  The other diazines are pyrazine (nitrogen atoms at the 1 and 4 positions) and pyridazine (nitrogen atoms at the 1 and 2 positions).

In nucleic acids, three types of nucleobases are pyrimidine derivatives: cytosine (C), thymine (T), and uracil (U).
Kisnána
Kisnána is a village in Heves County, Hungary, beside of the Forrás creek in the Mátra mountain ranges. As of 2022 census, it has a population of 937 (see Demographics). The village located 5.9 km from (Nr. 84) Kisterenye–Kál-Kápolna railway line, 16.7 km from the main road 3 and 21.6 km from the M3 motorway. Although the Verpelét railway station is the closest, but public transport on the railway line ceased on March 3, 2007. The closest train station with public transport in Ludas 19,6 km far.

M3 motorway (Hungary)
The M3 motorway (Hungarian: M3-as autópálya) is a Hungarian motorway connecting Budapest to Nyíregyháza. It will eventually connect Budapest to the Ukrainian border. Two other motorways branch off it, the M30 (connecting the M3 to Miskolc) and the M35 (connecting the M3 to Debrecen). The M3 follows route 3, and, later, route 4. The section of the motorway between Görbeháza and Nyíregyháza was opened to traffic in August 2007. The section of the motorway between Highway 49 and Vásárosnamény was opened to the public in 2014. The total length of the motorway now is 281 km.
Mohammad Issa Nuristani
Mohammad Isa Nooristani (1913–1979) was a lieutenant general in the Royal Afghan Army. Born in Kabul, he served such as commander of the Central Army Corps and Governor of Paktia. He served in the Royal Afghan Army from 1936 to 1973.

201 Khalid Ibn Walid Corps
The 201 Khalid Ibn Walid Corps is one of the eight corps of the Islamic Emirate Army established in October 2021 and headquartered in Laghman. The current Chief of Staff is Abdul Rahman Mansoori.

The conventional corps of the Islamic Emirate Army were renamed in November 2021 by Mohammad Yaqub Mujahid, Acting Minister of Defense. The 201 Corps was renamed 'Khalid Ibn Walid' and at the time was under the command of Abu Dujana (Commander); Abdul Rahman Mansoori (Chief of Staff); and Ibrahim (Deputy Commander).

The Islamic Republic of Afghanistan-era corps it replaced was known as the 201st 'Selab' Corps and was a part of Afghan National Army.
Aboriginal and Islander Sports Hall of Fame
The Aboriginal and Islander Sports Hall of Fame was established in 1994 to recognise Indigenous Australians (Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people) that have achieved at the highest level of their chosen sport. It was a joint project of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Commission (ATSIC) and Macquarie University, under the management of Colin Tatz. Inductees are sometimes referred to as "Black Diamonds", being the name of the first book of the project, published in 1996.

Gary Ella
Gary Albert Ella (born 23 July 1960) is an Australian former rugby union player. Ella represented Australia six times between 1982 and 1988.

Gary moved to Lake Macquarie in 2022 and has joined forces with first-grade coach Seru Rainima at Lake Macquarie Rugby Club. Gary will work with Seru and mainly look after the backline coaching.
Claus Hant
Claus Hant is a German writer, best known as the creator of Der Bulle von Tölz, a TV series that ran on prime time for over a decade and made German TV history with its audience figures. Hant's films have been nominated for the Adolf Grimme Awards and have been honoured with the Goldener Löwe/Deutscher Fernsehpreis, the Cadrage Succes, the Romy (TV award) and the Bavarian Film Awards.

Claus Hant has also written Young Hitler, a book about the formative years of the German dictator Adolf Hitler, published by Quartet Books, London.

S. Fischer Verlag
S. Fischer Verlag is a major German publishing house, which has operated as a division of Holtzbrinck Publishing Group since 1962. The publishing house was founded in 1881 by Samuel Fischer in Berlin, but is currently based in Frankfurt am Main, and is traditionally counted among the most prestigious publishing houses in the German-speaking world.
Atlantic Petroleum (Faroe Islands)
Atlantic Petroleum P/F P/F is an oil and gas company situated in Tórshavn, Faroe Islands and has technical offices located in London (United Kingdom) and Bergen (Norway).  It participates in exploration on the Faroese Continental Shelf, offshore Norway, Ireland, and United Kingdom.  The company has production from three fields in the United Kingdom's sector of the North Sea and also participates in development projects.

Tórshavn
Tórshavn (Faroese: [ˈtʰɔu̯ʂhau̯n] ⓘ; lit. 'Thor's harbour'; Danish: Thorshavn), locally referred to as Havn, is the capital and largest city of the Faroe Islands. It is located in the southern part on the east coast of Streymoy. To the northwest of the city lies the 347-meter-high (1,138 ft) mountain Húsareyn, and to the southwest, the 350-meter-high (1,150 ft) Kirkjubøreyn. They are separated by the Sandá River. The city itself has a population of 14,223 (2024), and the greater urban area has a population of 22,444, including the suburbs of Hoyvík and Argir.

The Norse (Scandinavians) established their parliament on the Tinganes peninsula in AD 850. Tórshavn thus became the capital of the Faroe Islands and has remained so ever since. Early on, Tórshavn became the centre of the islands' trade monopoly, thereby being the only legal place for the islanders to sell and buy goods. In 1856, the trade monopoly was abolished and the islands were left open to free trade.
Acoustix
Acoustix is a Dallas, Texas-based quartet that won the 1990 International Quartet Championship of SPEBSQSA (now Barbershop Harmony Society, or BHS). They have all, at different times, been members of the Dallas-based Vocal Majority chorus.

Acoustix shot to fame in 1990 at their first SPEBSQSA International Contest appearance in San Francisco, just six months after the quartet formed. They stormed to victory in the third round, overcoming 139th Street Quartet and The Naturals to take the gold medal home.

The original bass in the quartet during their championship was Jeff Oxley, who went on to direct the Masters of Harmony chorus from California to their fourth International Championship win in 1999. He also sang bass with the 1984 International Champion quartet The Rapscallions and Max Q, the 2007 International Champion quartet.

Masters of Harmony
Founded in 1985 with just a few dozen men, the Masters of Harmony is a 110-member men's chorus, based in Greater Los Angeles, California. Winner of eight consecutive gold medals (1990–2011) in international barbershop chorus competitions, the group possesses a diverse repertoire encompassing not only barbershop music but also classical, jazz, patriotic, sacred, standards and Broadway pops, and sings for various groups and organizations throughout the greater Los Angeles, California metropolitan area. The chorus won another barbershop international competition in 2017, bringing their total gold medal count to nine.
Korean Christians in Hong Kong
According to the Census and Statistics Department of Hong Kong, there were approximately 5 thousand Koreans in 2006, of which 94.4% were usual residents while mobile residents occupied 5.6%. Korean formed one minority group in Hong Kong, constituting 1.4% out of the whole ethnic minority’s population.  There were around 2000 Korean immigrant individuals who were Christians.

Koreans
Koreans are an East Asian ethnic group native to the Korean Peninsula. The majority of Koreans live in the two Korean sovereign states of North and South Korea, which are collectively referred to as Korea. As of 2021, an estimated 7.3 million ethnic Koreans resided outside of Korea. Koreans are also an officially recognised ethnic minority in other several Continental and East Asian countries, including China, Japan, Kazakhstan, Russia, and Uzbekistan. Outside of Continental and East Asia, sizeable Korean communities have formed in Germany, the United Kingdom, France, the United States, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand.
Fort Hammenhiel
Fort Hammenhiel (Tamil: அம்மன்னீல் கோட்டை, romanized: Am'maṉṉīl Kōṭṭai; Sinhala: හැමන්හිල් බලකොටුව, romanized: Hæminanhil Balakotuwa) is a fort built around a small island between the islands of Kayts and Karaitivu of Jaffna Peninsula in Northern Sri Lanka.

Jaffna Peninsula
The Jaffna Peninsula (Tamil: யாழ்ப்பாணக் குடாநாடு, romanized: Yāḻppāṇa kuṭānāṭu, or Tamil: யாழ் குடாநாடு, romanized: Yāḻ kuṭānāṭu) is a region in the Northern Province of Sri Lanka. It is home to the capital city of the province, Jaffna, and comprises much of the former land mass of the medieval Jaffna Kingdom.

The peninsula was historically divided into the three regions of Vadamarachchi, Thenmarachchi and Valikamam, which today make up three regions of the Jaffna District.
Tornado outbreak of April 30 – May 2, 1967
A destructive severe weather episode affected portions of the Midwestern and Southern United States from April 30–May 2, 1967. It consisted of two consecutive tornado outbreaks that generated at least 38 tornadoes, causing 13 fatalities and 90 injuries. All of the deaths occurred on April 30, which is known as the 1967 Iowa–Minnesota tornado outbreak, or Black Sunday, to residents of Iowa and southern Minnesota. That day spawned a total of 21 tornadoes, devastating the towns of Albert Lea and Waseca, Minnesota.

Severe weather
Severe weather is any dangerous meteorological phenomenon with the potential to cause damage, serious social disruption, or loss of life. These vary depending on the latitude, altitude, topography, and atmospheric conditions. High winds, hail, excessive precipitation, and wildfires are forms and effects, as are thunderstorms, downbursts, tornadoes, waterspouts, tropical cyclones, and extratropical cyclones. Regional and seasonal phenomena include blizzards, snowstorms, ice storms, and duststorms.

Severe weather is one type of extreme weather, which includes unexpected, unusual, severe, or unseasonal weather and is by definition rare for that location or time of the year. Due to the effects of climate change, the frequency and intensity of some of the extreme weather events are increasing, for example, heatwaves and droughts.: 9
Isaac Roberts
Isaac Roberts FRS (27 January 1829 – 17 July 1904) was a Welsh engineer and businessman best known for his work as an amateur astronomer, pioneering the field of astrophotography of nebulae. He was a member of the Liverpool Astronomical Society in England and was a fellow of the Royal Geological Society. Roberts was also awarded the Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society in 1895.

Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society
The Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society is the highest award given by the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS). It usually recognises lifetime achievement in the fields supported by the RAS, but has occasionally been given for an individual discovery.

Two medals are awarded per year, one in astronomy (including astrophysics, cosmology etc.) and one in geophysics (including planetary science, tectonics etc.) The medal features an image of the 40-foot telescope constructed by Sir William Herschel, the first President of the RAS. All recipients are listed below.
Horbali
Horbali (Ukrainian: Горбалі) is a village (selo) in Zolochiv Raion, Lviv Oblast, in western Ukraine, belonging to the Brody urban hromada

From 1918 to 1939 the village was in Tarnopol Voivodeship in Poland.

Until 18 July 2020, Horbali belonged to Brody Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Lviv Oblast to seven. The area of Brody Raion was merged into Zolochiv Raion.

Tarnopol Voivodeship
Tarnopol Voivodeship (Polish: Województwo tarnopolskie; Ukrainian: Тернопільське воєводство, romanized: Ternopilske voievodstvo) was an administrative region of interwar Poland (1918–1939), created on 23 December 1920, with an area of 16,500 km2 and provincial capital in Tarnopol (now Ternopil, Ukraine). The voivodeship was divided into 17 districts (powiaty). At the end of World War II, at the insistence of Joseph Stalin during the Tehran Conference of 1943 without official Polish representation whatsoever, the borders of Poland were redrawn by the Allies. The Polish population was forcibly resettled after the defeat of Nazi Germany and the Tarnopol Voivodeship was incorporated into the Ukrainian SSR of the Soviet Union. Since 1991, the territory of the voivodeship has been split between the eastern part of the Lviv region and the central and southern parts of the Ternopil region in sovereign Ukraine.
W. B. Olds
William Benjamin Olds (1874–1948) was an American musician, professor, composer, and scholar. His book Bird songs for children was published in 1914. The Musical Quarterly published an article he wrote about bird songs in 1922. Arrangements he made of bird songs were performed.

He worked at Millikin College in Decatur, Illinois. He wrote a college song for the school in 1913. In 1923 he took a position at the University of Redlands in California. He studied bird songs. In Redlands he lived at the Herman A. Westbrook Residence at 805 North University Avenue.

The Choir of the West of Pacific Lutheran University utilized his arrangement for many years as an opener for concerts. The Wartburg Choir's performance of his arrangement Ein feste Burg ist unser Gott features in the documentary The Wartburg Choir in Germany: Celebrating 500 Years of Reformation.

The Musical Quarterly
The Musical Quarterly is the oldest academic journal on music in America. Originally established in 1915 by Oscar Sonneck, the journal was edited by Sonneck until his death in 1928. Sonneck was succeeded by a number of editors, including Carl Engel (1930–1944), Gustave Reese (1944–45), Paul Henry Lang (1945–1973), Joan Peyser (1977–1984), and Eric Salzman (1984–1991).

Since 1993, The Musical Quarterly has been edited by Leon Botstein, president of Bard College and principal conductor of the American Symphony Orchestra. Originally published by G. Schirmer, Inc., it is now published by Oxford University Press.
Gender symbol
A gender symbol is a pictogram or glyph used to represent sex and gender, for example in biology and medicine, in genealogy, or in the sociological fields of gender politics, LGBT subculture and identity politics.

In his books Mantissa Plantarum (1767) and Mantissa Plantarum Altera (1771), Carl Linnaeus regularly used the planetary symbols of Mars, Venus and Mercury (♂, ♀ and ☿) for male, female and hermaphroditic (perfect) flowers, respectively. Botanists now use ⚥ for the last.

In genealogy, including kinship in anthropology and pedigrees in animal husbandry, the geometric shapes △ or □ are used for male and ○ for female. These are also used on public toilets in some countries.

The modern international pictograms used to indicate male and female public toilets, 🚹︎ and 🚺︎, became widely used in the 1960s and 1970s. They are sometimes abstracted to ▽ for male and △ for female.

Sexual differentiation
Sexual differentiation is the process of development of the sex differences between males and females from an undifferentiated zygote. Sex differentiation is usually distinct from sex determination; sex determination is the designation of the development stage towards either male or female, while sex differentiation is the pathway towards the development of the phenotype.

In many species, testicular or ovarian differentiation begins with the appearance of Sertoli cells in males and granulosa cells in females.

As embryos develop into mature adults, sex differences develop at many levels, including chromosomes, gonads, hormones, and anatomy. Beginning with determining sex by genetic and/or environmental factors, humans and other organisms proceed towards different differentiation pathways as they grow and develop.
LabelMe
LabelMe is a project created by the MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL) that provides a dataset of digital images with annotations. The dataset is dynamic, free to use, and open to public contribution. The most applicable use of LabelMe is in computer vision research. As of October 31, 2010, LabelMe has 187,240 images, 62,197 annotated images, and 658,992 labeled objects.

Data set
A data set (or dataset) is a collection of data. In the case of tabular data, a data set corresponds to one or more database tables, where every column of a table represents a particular variable, and each row corresponds to a given record of the data set in question. The data set lists values for each of the variables, such as for example height and weight of an object, for each member of the data set.  Data sets can also consist of a collection of documents or files.

In the open data discipline, a data set is a unit used to measure the amount of information released in a public open data repository.  The European data.europa.eu portal aggregates more than a million data sets.
Newfoundland Screech
Newfoundland Screech is a rum sold in Newfoundland with 40% alcohol by volume. The term screech is a colloquial term that has been used to describe almost any cheap, high alcohol spirit, including moonshine. The term is used in the brand name for this mid-priced rum to associate the brand with this tradition.

It is available in liquor stores both in and outside of Newfoundland and is blended and bottled by the Newfoundland and Labrador Liquor Corporation, after being imported from Jamaica. Unlike its counterparts in other provinces, NLC has retained its bottling business. The spirit is widely available in Canada and is also distributed in New England.

Alcohol by volume
Alcohol by volume (abbreviated as alc/vol or ABV) is a common measure of the amount of alcohol contained in a given alcoholic beverage. It is defined as the volume the ethanol in the liquid would take if separated from the rest of the solution, divided by the volume of the solution, both at 20 °C (68 °F). Pure ethanol is lighter than water, with a density of 0.78945 g/mL (0.82353 oz/US fl oz; 0.79122 oz/imp fl oz; 0.45633 oz/cu in). The alc/vol standard is used worldwide. The International Organization of Legal Metrology has tables of density of water–ethanol mixtures at different concentrations and temperatures.

In some countries, e.g. France, alcohol by volume is often referred to as degrees Gay-Lussac (after the French chemist Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac), although there is a slight difference since the Gay-Lussac convention uses the International Standard Atmosphere value for temperature, 15 °C (59 °F).
The Festival (film)
The Festival is a 2018 British comedy film directed by Iain Morris and co-written by Keith Akushie and Joe Parham. The film stars Joe Thomas, Hannah Tointon, Emma Rigby, Hammed Animashaun and Claudia O'Doherty.

Iain Morris
Iain Kevan Morris (born 6 August 1973) is an English writer. He is best known for creating The Inbetweeners with his writing partner Damon Beesley and co-hosting a show on London radio station XFM with stand-up comedian Jimmy Carr.

He featured in the "Iron" and "Music" episodes of cult spoof TV show Look Around You, as well as on Jimmy Carr's second live DVD, as a panellist on a feature named Comedy Idol. Other writing credits include two episodes of HBO's Flight of the Conchords: Season One's "The Actor" and Season Two's "Unnatural Love". Morris also co-wrote the screenplay alongside Taika Waititi for the 2023 sports comedy Next Goal Wins and co-scripted the football comedy series The First Team for the BBC in 2020.
Chaetomium interruptum
Chaetomium interruptum is a fungus species in the Chaetomium genus, first isolated from Iran. It shares features such as peridium structure, ascospore morphology and germ pore position with its cogenerates. It is closely related to C. megalocarpum.

Germ pore
A germ pore is a small pore in the outer wall of a fungal spore through which the germ tube exits upon germination.  It can be apical or eccentric in its location, and, on light microscopy, may be visualized as a lighter coloured area on the cell wall.

Apical germ pore is mushroom spore which has a pore at one end. Some spores have a hole in the cell wall where the first strand of germinating mycelium emerges. If the cell wall is divided from one end to the other, this is called a germ slit. Commonly the germ pore is at one end of the mushroom spore and is called an apical pore.

Mushroom genera with apical germ pores include Agrocybe, Panaeolus, Psilocybe, and Pholiota.
Biathlon at the 2006 Winter Paralympics – Men's 12.5km
Men's 12.5 km biathlon events at the 2006 Winter Paralympics were contested at Pragelato on 11 March.

There were three events, and standings were determined by applying a disability factor to the actual times achieved. Additionally, for each missed shot, a penalty of one minute was added to the calculated time.

Pragelato
Pragelato (also Pragelà; Vivaro-Alpine: Prajalats; French: Prajela; Occitan: Prajalatscode: oci promoted to code: oc ) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) west of Turin, in the upper Val Chisone. The name Pragelato, meaning "icy meadow", has been derived from the harsh climate and the fact that the ground is covered with ice for long periods. On both sides of the Chisone, extensive forests of pine and larch provide protection from the avalanches which are a common occurrence in the winter season: for this reason in the nineteenth century the people of Pragelato were only permitted to fell trees close to the mountain summits, and even then only with the permission of the communal administration.

Pragelato borders the following municipalities: Exilles, Oulx, Salbertrand, Usseaux, Fenestrelle, Sauze d'Oulx, Massello, Sestriere, Sauze di Cesana, Salza di Pinerolo, Prali.
Chris Landman
Chris Landman (born 17 January 1981) is a Dutch professional darts player who competes in Professional Darts Corporation (PDC) events and previously competed in World Darts Federation (WDF) events. Landman reached the final at the WDF World Championship in 2023, finishing as runner-up to Andy Baetens. Also in 2023, Landman won a title on the PDC Challenge Tour and reached the final at Players Championship 9 on the 2023 PDC Pro Tour. Landman has won a PDC Tour Card at Qualifying School (Q–School) on two occasions: in 2024 and 2026.

World Darts Federation
The World Darts Federation (WDF) is a sport governing body and (along with the PDC) a tournament organiser for the game of darts. It was formed in 1974 by representatives of the original fourteen founding members. Membership is open to the national organising body for darts in all nations. The WDF encourages the promotion of the sport of darts among and between those bodies, in an effort to gain international recognition for darts as a major sport. The WDF was a full member of Global Association of International Sports Federations, which was the governing body for international sports federations, until dissolution in 2023.