hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rufous-fronted prinia
The rufous-fronted prinia (Prinia buchanani) is a species of bird in the family Cisticolidae.
It is found in India and Pakistan.
Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry forest.

The species was described by Edward Blyth on the basis of an illustration of the bird from Bengal in the collections of Buchanan Hamilton.

Francis Buchanan-Hamilton
Francis Buchanan FRSE FRS FLS (15 February 1762 – 15 June 1829), later known as Francis Hamilton but often referred to as Francis Buchanan-Hamilton, was a Scottish surgeon, surveyor and botanist who made significant contributions as a geographer and  zoologist while living in India. He did not assume the name of Hamilton until three years after his retirement from India.

The standard botanical author abbreviation Buch.-Ham. is applied to plants and animals he described, though today the form "Hamilton, 1822" is more usually seen in ichthyology and is preferred by Fishbase.
Makwanpur Gadhi
The Makwanpur Gadhi (Nepali: मकवानपुरगढी) is a fort in Makwanpur District, Bagmati Province.

The Battle of Makwanpur (1762), the Battle of Makwanpur (1763), and the Battle of Makwanpur (1816) were fought in this fort.

In 2015, the Government of Nepal issued stamps featuring the Makwanpur Gadhi.

Battle of Makwanpur (1762)
Battle of Makwanpur was fought on 21 August 1762 in Makwanpurgadhi, Nepal between the Gorkha Kingdom and the Kingdom of Makwanpur. The battle lasted for about eight hours and resulted in Gorkhali victory. 60 Gorkhali and 400 Makwanpur soldiers were killed in the battle.
Pushforward
The notion of pushforward in mathematics is "dual" to the notion of pullback, and can mean a number of different but closely related things.

Pushforward (differential), the differential of a smooth map between manifolds, and the "pushforward" operations it defines

Pushforward (homology), the map induced in homology by a continuous map between topological spaces

Pushforward measure, measure induced on the target measure space by a measurable function

Pushout (category theory), the categorical dual of pullback

Direct image sheaf, the pushforward of a sheaf by a map

Fiberwise integral, the direct image of a differential form or cohomology by a smooth map, defined by "integration on the fibres"

Transfer operator, the pushforward on the space of measurable functions; its adjoint, the pull-back, is the composition or Koopman operator

Pushforward (homology)
In algebraic topology, the pushforward of a continuous function  :  between two topological spaces is a homomorphism  between the homology groups for .

Homology is a functor which converts a topological space  into a sequence of homology groups . (Often, the collection of all such groups is referred to using the notation ; this collection has the structure of a graded ring.) In any category, a functor must induce a corresponding morphism. The pushforward is the morphism corresponding to the homology functor.
2010 State of the Union Address
The 2010 State of the Union Address was given by the 44th president of the United States, Barack Obama, on January 27, 2010, at 9:00 p.m. EST, in the chamber of the United States House of Representatives to the 111th United States Congress. It was Obama's first State of the Union Address and his second speech to a joint session of the United States Congress. Presiding over this joint session was the House speaker, Nancy Pelosi, accompanied by Joe Biden, the vice president, in his capacity as the president of the Senate.

The theme for President Obama's speech was “Rescue, Rebuild, Restore – a New Foundation for Prosperity”. Among the topics that Obama covered in his speech were proposals for job creation and federal deficit reduction.

Newly inaugurated Virginia Governor Bob McDonnell delivered the Republican response following the speech from the floor of the House of Delegates at the Virginia State Capitol in front of over 300 people.

Joint session of the United States Congress
A joint session of the United States Congress is a gathering of members of the two chambers of the bicameral legislature of the federal government of the United States: the Senate and the House of Representatives. Joint sessions can be held on any special occasion, but are required to be held when the president delivers a State of the Union address, when they gather to count and certify the votes of the Electoral College as the presidential election, or when they convene on the occasion of a presidential inauguration. A joint meeting is usually a ceremonial or formal occasion and does not perform any legislative function, and no resolution is proposed nor vote taken.

Joint sessions and meetings are usually held in the Chamber of the House of Representatives, and are traditionally presided over by the speaker of the House. The Constitution requires the vice president (as president of the Senate) to preside over the counting of electoral votes by Congress.
Wythall miniature railway
52°22′23″N 1°53′44″W﻿ / ﻿52.373124°N 1.895693°W﻿ / 52.373124; -1.895693

Wythall miniature railway is a dual-gauge miniature railway in the grounds of The Transport Museum, Wythall in England.  It is operated and maintained by Elmdon Model Engineering Society (EMES)

Ridable miniature railway
A ridable miniature railway (US: riding railroad or grand scale railroad) is a large scale, usually ground-level railway that hauls passengers using locomotives that are often models of full-sized railway locomotives (powered by diesel or petrol engines, live steam or electric motors).
Niall Sloane
Christianity portal

Niall James Sloane (born 1981) is the incumbent Dean of Limerick and Ardfert in the Church of Ireland.

Sloane was educated at Trinity College, Dublin, the Milltown Institute and the Church of Ireland Theological College. He was ordained to the diaconate in 2005 and the priesthood in 2006. He held curacies at Agherton in Portstewart and Taney before becoming rector of Holy Trinity, Killiney until his appointment as dean in 2017.

Portstewart
Portstewart is a small seaside town in County Londonderry, Northern Ireland. It had a population of 7,854 people in the 2021 United Kingdom census. It is a seaside resort, neighbouring both Coleraine in County Londonderry and Portrush in County Antrim. Its harbour and scenic coastal paths form an Atlantic promenade leading to a two-mile beach (Portstewart Strand), popular with holidaymakers in summer and surfers year-round. The town is located within the Barony of the North East Liberties of Coleraine.
Caufield
Caufield is an Irish surname, a variation to the name Caulfield. Notable people with the surname include:

Cole Caufield (born 2001), American ice hockey player

Frank J. Caufield (1939–2019), American businessman

James Caufield, American photographer

Jay Caufield (born 1960), American ice hockey player

LaNeishea Caufield (born 1980), American basketball player

Jay Caufield
John Jay Caufield (born July 17, 1960) is an American former ice hockey right winger. He played in the National Hockey League with the New York Rangers, Minnesota North Stars, and Pittsburgh Penguins from 1987 to 1993. With the Penguins he won the Stanley Cup in 1992.
Aetobatus ocellatus
The ocellated eagle ray or the whitespotted eagle ray,  Aetobatus ocellatus, is a species of cartilaginous fish in the eagle ray family Myliobatidae. It is found in the tropical Indo-West Pacific region. In the past it was included in the spotted eagle ray (A. narinari), a species restricted to the Atlantic after the split.

Chondrichthyes
Chondrichthyes (/kɒnˈdrɪkθiiːz/; from Ancient Greek  χόνδρος (khóndros) 'cartilage' and  ἰχθύς (ikhthús) 'fish') is a class of jawed fish that contains the cartilaginous fish or chondrichthyans, which all have skeletons primarily composed of cartilage. They can be contrasted with the Osteichthyes or bony fish, which have skeletons primarily composed of bone tissue. Chondrichthyes are aquatic vertebrates with paired fins, paired nares, placoid scales, conus arteriosus in the heart, and a lack of opercula and swim bladders. Within the infraphylum Gnathostomata, cartilaginous fishes are distinct from all other jawed vertebrates.

The class is divided into two subclasses: Elasmobranchii (sharks, rays, skates and sawfish) and Holocephali (chimaeras, sometimes called ghost sharks, which are sometimes separated into their own class).  Extant chondrichthyans range in size from the 10 cm (3.9 in) finless sleeper ray to the over 10 m (33 ft) whale shark.
Air India Limited
Air India Limited is an Indian aviation holding company, notably consisting of Air India and Air India Express, headquartered in Gurgaon. The company is owned by Tata Group (74.9%) and Singapore Airlines (25.1%). Until 2022, it was a central public sector undertaking under the ownership of Government of India and administrative control of Ministry of Civil Aviation.

Ministry of Civil Aviation (India)
The Ministry of Civil Aviation (Naagar Vimaan Mantraalay) in India is the nodal ministry responsible for the formulation of national policies and programmes for the development and regulation of civil aviation. It devises and implements schemes for the orderly growth and expansion of civil air transport in the country. The mandate of this ministry also extend to overseeing airport facilities, air traffic services and carriage of passengers and goods by air. The ministry also administers the implementation of the Bharatiya Vayuyan Adhiniyam, 2024, Aircraft Rules, 1937 and is administratively responsible for the Commission of Railway Safety.
Chevrolet Express
The Chevrolet Express (also known as the GMC Savana) is a series of full-size vans produced by General Motors since 1996. The successor to the Chevrolet G-series van, the Express is produced in passenger and cargo variants. Alongside the standard van body, the line is offered as a cutaway van chassis, which is a chassis cab variant developed for commercial-grade applications, including ambulances, buses, motorhomes, and small trucks.

In production for a single generation since 1996, over three million examples of the Express and the Savana have been produced. One of the longest-produced designs in American automotive history, the Express/Savana are rivaled only by the Jeep Wagoneer and Dodge Ram Van for longevity.

Since 1995, General Motors has assembled the Express and Savana at its Wentzville Assembly facility (Wentzville, Missouri). Also, since 2017, GM has sourced commercial cutaway-chassis production from Navistar through its Springfield Assembly Plant (Springfield, Ohio).

Chassis cab
A chassis cab, also called a cab chassis or half truck, is a type of vehicle construction, often found in medium duty truck commercial vehicles.

Instead of supplying the customer with a factory pre-assembled flatbed, cargo container, or other equipment, the customer is given the vehicle with just chassis rails and a cab. This allows the customer to add any desired aftermarket equipment, such as fire apparatus, ambulance, or a recreational vehicle conversion package, which can be customized for the specific needs of the customer.

Cutaway van chassis are similar vehicles, but have specific components at the rear whereas chassis cabs usually do not have additional components.

Vehicles of this type are produced by Ford, Chevrolet/GMC, and Ram Trucks.
Dolar (surname)
Dolar is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Davorin Dolar (1921–2005), Slovene chemist

Joannes Baptista Dolar (1620–1673), Slovene composer

Ljudmila Dolar Mantuani (1906–1988), Slovene petrologist

Mladen Dolar (born 1951), Slovene philosopher

Tomaž Dolar (born 1966), Slovene ski jumper

Joannes Baptista Dolar
Joannes Baptista Dolar (Slovene: Janez Krstnik Dolar or Janez Kersnik Dolar, Czech: Jan Křtitel Tolar, also Tollar or Thollary; c. 1620, Kamnik – February 13, 1673, Vienna) was a composer and contemporary of Heinrich Ignaz Franz von Biber, Johann Heinrich Schmelzer, Andreas Hofer and Pavel Josef Vejvanovský.
ACTR2
Actin-related protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ACTR2 gene.

The specific function of ACTR2 has not yet been determined. However, it is known to be a major constituent of the ARP2/3 complex. This complex is located at the cell surface and is essential to cell shape and motility through lamellipodial actin assembly and protrusion. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.

Lamellipodium
The lamellipodium (pl.: lamellipodia) (from Latin lamella, related to lamina, "thin sheet", and the Greek radical pod-, "foot") is a cytoskeletal protein actin projection on the leading edge of the cell. It contains a quasi-two-dimensional actin mesh; the whole structure propels the cell across a substrate. Within the lamellipodia are ribs of actin called microspikes, which, when they spread beyond the lamellipodium frontier, are called filopodia. The lamellipodium is born of actin nucleation in the plasma membrane of the cell and is the primary area of actin incorporation or microfilament formation of the cell.
Al-Fulah
Al-Fulah (Arabic: الفولة) is a town in West Kordofan State in Sudan and is the capital of the state. It is the home of the University of West Kordofan.

Conflict during the Second Sudanese Civil War resulted in many people being displaced.

During the Sudanese civil war (2023–present), the town was captured by the Rapid Support Forces on 20 June 2024 after a brief battle with the Sudanese Armed Forces.

The Chinese have shown an interest in developing a power station in Al-Fulah and building a 730 kilometres (450 mi) pipeline.

Second Sudanese Civil War
The Second Sudanese Civil War was a conflict from 1983 to 2005 between the central Sudanese government and the Sudan People's Liberation Army. It was largely a continuation of the First Sudanese Civil War of 1955 to 1972. Although it originated in southern Sudan, the civil war spread to the Nuba Mountains and the Blue Nile. It lasted for almost 22 years and is one of the longest civil wars on record. The war resulted in the independence of South Sudan 6 years after the war ended.

Roughly two million people died as a result of war, famine and disease caused by the conflict. Four million people in southern Sudan were displaced at least once, normally repeatedly during the war. The civilian death toll is one of the highest of any war since World War II and was marked by numerous human rights violations, including slavery and mass killings.
Chalaroderma capito
Chalaroderma capito, the looseskin blenny, is a species of combtooth blenny found in the south Atlantic ocean where it is found from Saldanha Bay to East London in South Africa. This species reaches a length of 20 centimetres (7.9 in) SL.

Combtooth blenny
Combtooth blennies are blenniiformids; percomorph marine fish of the family Blenniidae, part of the order Blenniiformes. They are the largest family of blennies with around 401 known species in 58 genera. Combtooth blennies are found in tropical and subtropical waters in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans; some species are also found in brackish and even freshwater environments.
Corene Uzzell
Corene Uzzell (1889–1938) was an American film actress of the silent era.

In 1905, Uzzell acted with the Murray and Mack company. Film studios for which she worked included Essanay, Famous Players, Mirror, and Pathe.

Mirror Films
Mirror Films Incorporated was a short-lived motion picture company producing films from late 1915 to early 1917. Their stated purpose was to bring business practices to bear on motion picture production in order to make a profit, to "look upon film...as so much canned product".
Aniebiet Inyang Ntui
Aniebiet Inyang Ntui is a Nigerian diplomat, special advisor, environmentalist and Professor of  Library and Information Science who has served as the Ambassador of the European Climate Pact since 2022   and the University Librarian of the University of Calabar.  She was named as the “Most Read Researcher in Nigeria” in August 2022.

She has virtually chaired panels and negotiations at the 2023 United Nations Climate Change Conference, the 2022 United Nations Biodiversity Conference, the 2023 G20 New Delhi summit, the 2022 G20 Bali Summit, the 2022 United Nations Climate Change Conference, the United Nations Summit on Groundwater, and the 2023 World Economic Forum and various other high-level events.

2023 G20 New Delhi summit
The 2023 G20 New Delhi summit was the eighteenth meeting of the G20 (Group of Twenty), a Head of State and Government meeting held at  Bharat Mandapam, Pragati Maidan, New Delhi on 9–10 September 2023. It was the first G20 summit held in India.
Palaeocybe
Palaeocybe is a fungal genus  in the family Psathyrellaceae. The genus is monotypic, containing the single fossil species Palaeocybe striata, which was found in Tertiary amber in Saxony, Germany. The holotype consists of a single cap measuring 1.6 mm in diameter, and part of a stem, which is made of tubes. On the cap underside are decurrent gills

Decurrent
Decurrent (sometimes decurring) is a  term used in botany and mycology to describe plant or fungal parts that extend downward.

In botany, the term is most often applied to leaf blades that partly wrap or have wings around the stem or petiole and extend down along the stem. A "decurrent branching habit" is a plant form common for shrubs and most angiosperm trees, contrasted with the excurrent or "cone-shaped crown" common among many gymnosperms. The decurrent habit is characterized by having weak apical dominance that eventually produces a rounded or spreading tree crown. Examples of trees with decurrent habit are most hardwood trees: oak, hickory, maple, etc.

In mycology, the term is most often applied to the hymenophore of a basidiocarp (such as the lamellae or "gills" of a mushroom or the "pores" of a bracket fungus) when it is broadly attached to and extends down the stipe.
Portrait of Count Arese in Prison
Portrait of Count Arese in Prison (Italian: Ritratto del Conte Arese in carcere) is an 1828 portrait painting by the Italian artist Francesco Hayez. It depicts the aristocrat and supporter of Italian unification Francesco Teodoro Arese Lucini, who had been imprisoned by the Austrian authorities for three years in Špilberk Castle for his role in the 1821 Milan uprising.

The work was commissioned by Arese, who wanted to be depicted unconventionally as a victim of the Italian national cause by being portrayed in a bare prison cell with chains around his ankles. Since 2023 the painting has been in the collection of the Gallery of Modern Art in Florence.

Commission (art)
In art, a commission is the act of requesting the creation of a piece, often on behalf of another. Artwork may be commissioned by private individuals, by the government, or businesses. Commissions often resemble endorsement or sponsorship.

In classical music, ensembles often commission pieces from composers, where the ensemble secures the composer's payment from private or public organizations or donors.
Chin Tet Yung
Chin Tet Yung (Chinese: 陈德镛; pinyin: Chén Déyōng; born 2 August 1951) is a Singaporean former Member of Parliament for Sembawang Group Representation Constituency (GRC), and also served previously as the chairman of the Government Parliamentary Committee for Home Affairs and Law from 2002 to 2005. He had been a Member of Parliament from 23 December 1996 to 20 April 2006.

He announced his retirement from politics on 10 April 2006.

Lists of members of parliament in Singapore
The following are lists of members of parliament in Singapore:

1st Parliament of Singapore § Members, 1965

2nd Parliament of Singapore § Members, 1968

3rd Parliament of Singapore § Members, 1972

4th Parliament of Singapore § Members, 1977

5th Parliament of Singapore § Members, 1981

6th Parliament of Singapore § Members, 1985

7th Parliament of Singapore § Members, 1989

8th Parliament of Singapore § Members, 1992

9th Parliament of Singapore § Members, 1997

10th Parliament of Singapore, 2002

11th Parliament of Singapore, 2006

List of members of the 12th Parliament of Singapore, 2011

List of members of the 13th Parliament of Singapore, 2016

14th Parliament of Singapore, 2020

15th Parliament of Singapore, 2025
Slug Line
Slug Line is singer-songwriter John Hiatt's third album, released in April 1979. It was the first of two albums with MCA Records. It was his first charting album, reaching No. 202 on Billboard's album charts, and also the highest-charting album during his first 15 years as a recording artist.

Denny Bruce
Denny Bruce (born in 1944 in Lancaster, Pennsylvania) is an American record producer and artist manager. He produced over 60 albums, and managed and produced albums by John Fahey, The Fabulous Thunderbirds, Leo Kottke, John Hiatt and many others over his 50 year career in the music business.
Vadistanbul (Istanbul Metro)
Vadistanbul is an elevated station and the western terminus of the F3 funicular line of the Istanbul Metro. The station consists of a bay platform with one track inside a Spheroid glass structure within the Vadistanbul Shopping Center. The station is the first and only rapid transit station in Turkey to be directly connected to a privately owned structure. Trains operate to Seyrantepe in seven minute intervals daily between 8:00 and 22:00.

Vadistanbul station connects to the 2nd floor of the Vadistanbul shopping center near the food court and was opened on 29 October 2017.

Bay platform
A bay platform is a dead-end railway platform at a railway station which also has through lines. It is normal for bay platforms to be shorter than their associated through platforms. They must have a buffer stop at one end for safety.
Twala
Twala is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bongane Twala (born 1988), South African footballer

Mary Twala (1939–2020), South African actress

Musawenkosi Twala (born 2000), South African cricketer

Sello Chicco Twala (born 1963), South African musician and producer

Shado Twala (born 1958), South African radio DJ, journalist, entrepreneur, and radio and television producer

William Twala (born 1990), South African footballer

Shado Twala
Nomshado Twala (born September 10, 1958) professionally known by her stage name Shado Twala is a South African radio DJ, journalist, entrepreneur and radio and television producer best known as a judge on SA's Got Talent.
Everything in Between (Matt Wertz album)
Everything in Between is the third album released by the American singer-songwriter Matt Wertz. It his first on the major label Nettwerk.

The track "Over You" is featured in a 2006 episode of Laguna Beach.

Dave Barnes
David Mckee Barnes (born June 20, 1978) is an American musician, singer, and songwriter from Nashville, Tennessee. He has released eight studio albums, including two Christmas albums. His most recent full-length album, Featherbrained Wealth Motel, was released in 2023.
Aytap
Aytap (Ancient Greek: Ἰωτάπη, Iotape) is a historical port city that is 30 km-33 km, east of Alanya, located in the Mediterranean Region, Turkey. Along with Alanya, Aytap is situated in the district of the Antalya Province. Where Aytap is situated there is a long modern road that stretches along the coast between Alanya and Gazipaşa. Aytap is situated between Alanya and Gazipaşa. Nowadays, Aytap is a popular tourist place. The city is popular for camping; swimming in the natural caves; swimming and using the local beaches or if tourists come to visit the ancient ruins.

Mediterranean region, Turkey
The Mediterranean Region (Turkish: Akdeniz Bölgesi) is a geographical region of Turkey. The largest city in the region is Antalya. Other big cities are Adana, Mersin, Isparta, Hatay and Kahramanmaraş.

It is bordered by the Aegean Region to the west, the Central Anatolia Region to the north, the Eastern Anatolia Region to the northeast, the Southeastern Anatolia Region to the east, Syria to the southeast, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south.