hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
USLHT Jessamine
USLHT Jessamine was a steam-powered sidewheel lighthouse tender built in 1881 for the United States Lighthouse Board.   She spent forty years in government service, homeported in  Baltimore, Maryland as part of the 5th Lighthouse District.  Her primary mission was to build and maintain lighthouses in Chesapeake Bay and nearby waterways in Maryland, Virginia, and North Carolina.  Some of the lighthouses she built still stand.

In 1922 the ship was sold to private interests.  She spent most of the rest of her career carrying freight between Salisbury, Maryland and Baltimore.  When competition from trucks on improved roads and bridges rendered her service uneconomic in 1957, she was repurposed to carry bananas from Mexico to Brownsville, Texas.  She sank on this route in October 1959.

Lighthouse tender
A lighthouse tender is a ship specifically designed to maintain, support, or tend to lighthouses or lightvessels, providing supplies, fuel, mail, and transportation. The work is often carried out by ships which also act as buoy tenders.

In the United States, these ships originally served as part of the Lighthouse Service and now are part of the Coast Guard. The first American tender of the Lighthouse Service was former revenue cutter Rushnourder, which was acquired in 1840. The first steam tender was the Shubrick, completed in 1857 and put into service on the West Coast in 1858. The Fir was the last active representative of the service, and is now a US National Historic Landmark.
Pyszki, West Pomeranian Voivodeship
Pyszki [ˈpɨʂki] (German: Elsenthal) is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Polanów, within Koszalin County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Koszalin County
Koszalin County (Polish: powiat koszaliński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in West Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-western Poland, on the Baltic coast. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Koszalin, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county). The county contains three towns: Sianów, 10 km (6 mi) north-east of Koszalin, Bobolice, 37 km (23 mi) south-east of Koszalin, and Polanów, 35 km (22 mi) east of Koszalin.

The county covers an area of 1,669.09 square kilometres (644.4 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 64,087, out of which the population of Sianów is 6,543, that of Bobolice is 4,446, that of Polanów is 2,967, and the rural population is 50,131.
The Wacky World of Mother Goose
The Wacky World of Mother Goose is a 1967 animated musical fantasy film made by Rankin/Bass, written by Romeo Muller and directed by Jules Bass based on Charles Perrault's stories and nursery rhymes. The movie is the first cel animated theatrical feature by Rankin and Bass. It features Humpty Dumpty, the Old Woman Who Lives in a Shoe, and the Crooked Man (the villain). Mother Goose is voiced by Margaret Rutherford in her final film role.

Nursery rhyme
A nursery rhyme is a traditional poem or song for children in Britain and other European countries, but usage of the term dates only from the late 18th/early 19th century. The term Mother Goose rhymes is interchangeable with nursery rhymes.

From the mid-16th century nursery rhymes began to be recorded in English plays, and most popular rhymes date from the 17th and 18th centuries. The first English collections, Tommy Thumb's Song Book and a sequel, Tommy Thumb's Pretty Song Book, were published by Mary Cooper in 1744. Publisher John Newbery's stepson, Thomas Carnan, was the first to use the term Mother Goose for nursery rhymes when he published a compilation of English rhymes, Mother Goose's Melody, or Sonnets for the Cradle (London, 1780).
Mysore A. Viswamitra
Mysore Ananthamurthy Viswamitra (14 November 1932 – 10 April 2001) was an Indian molecular biophysicist and crystallographer, known for his pioneering work on the X-ray structural studies of DNA fragments and nucleotide coenzyme molecules. His work is reported to have assisted in the development of the concept of sequence-dependent oligonucleotide conformation. He was an INSA senior scientist and an MSIL chair professor of physics at the Indian Institute of Science and a visiting professor at the University of Cambridge.

Molecular biophysics
Molecular biophysics is a rapidly evolving interdisciplinary area of research that combines concepts in physics, chemistry, engineering, mathematics and biology. It seeks to understand biomolecular systems and explain biological function in terms of molecular structure, structural organization, and dynamic behaviour at various levels of complexity (from single molecules to supramolecular structures, viruses and small living systems). This discipline covers topics such as the measurement of molecular forces, molecular associations, allosteric interactions, Brownian motion, and cable theory. Additional areas of study can be found in the Outline of Biophysics. The discipline has required development of novel experimental approaches.
CE Ferreries
Club Esportiu Ferreries is a Spanish football team based in Ferreries, Menorca, in the autonomous community of Balearic Islands. Founded in 1923, it plays in División de Honor – Menorca, holding home games at Camp Sant Bartomeu, with a capacity of 1,000 people.

Divisiones Regionales de Fútbol in Balearic Islands
The Divisiones Regionales de Fútbol in the Balearic Islands, are organized by Balearic Football Federation :

Primera Regional Preferente de Mallorca (Level 6 of the Spanish football pyramid)

Regional Preferente de Menorca (Level 6)

Regional de Ibiza y Formentera (Level 6)

Primera Regional de las Islas Baleares (Level 7)

Segunda Regional de las Islas Baleares (Level 8)

Tercera Regional de las Islas Baleares (Level 9)
2022 Colorado Secretary of State election
The 2022 Colorado Secretary of State election took place on November 8, 2022, to elect the Secretary of State of Colorado. Incumbent Democrat Jena Griswold won re-election to a second term, improving on her 2018 results.

2018 Colorado elections
A general election was held in the U.S. state of Colorado on November 6, 2018. All of Colorado's executive offices and all seven of its seats in the United States House of Representatives were up for election. Democrats swept every statewide election on the ballot, leaving the at-large seat on the University of Colorado Board of Regents and the Class 2 U.S. Senate seat as the last statewide offices held by Republicans.
Doukas, Elis
Doukas (Greek: Δούκας) is a mountain village and a community in the municipal unit of Foloi, Elis, Greece. The community includes the village Lasdikas. Situated at approximately 600 m above sea level, its climate is relatively cool during the summer and wet during the winter. Doukas is 2 km northwest of Lalas, 4 km east of Kryoneri and 11 km northeast of Olympia. The village was affected by the 2007 Greek forest fires.

Elis
Elis, also known as Ellis or Ilia (Greek: Ηλεία, Eleia), is a historic region in the western part of the Peloponnese peninsula of Greece. It is administered as a regional unit of the modern region of Western Greece. Its capital is Pyrgos. Until 2011 it was Elis Prefecture, covering the same territory.

The modern regional unit is nearly coterminous with the ancient Elis of the classical period. Here lie the ancient ruins of cities of Elis, Epitalion and Olympia, known for the ancient Olympic Games which started in 776 BC.
India–United States espionage on Nanda Devi
India–United States espionage on Nanda Devi was a series of attempts by the United States Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and the Indian Intelligence Bureau (IB) to spy on ballistic missile testing being conducted at Lop Nur in Xinjiang, China. The agencies cooperated in October 1965 in a failed attempt to install a SNAP-19C plutonium-238 radioisotope thermoelectric generator-powered (RTG-powered) remote sensing station on the peak of Nanda Devi in the Garhwal Himalayas to gather signals intelligence via telemetry from missiles during their tests.

The mission was aborted during a strong blizzard, and the generator was lost. Three recovery attempts failed, leading to fears of radioactive contamination of the Ganges or repurposing for a dirty bomb. Another CIA RTG-powered mountaintop device installed from spring 1967 to 1968 melted down into the ice, blocking its signal-gathering. A third device was successful from 1973 but quickly made obsolete by reconnaissance satellites.

Signals intelligence
Signals intelligence (SIGINT) is the act and field of intelligence-gathering by interception of signals, whether communications between people (communications intelligence—abbreviated to COMINT) or from electronic signals not directly used in communication (electronic intelligence—abbreviated to ELINT). As classified and sensitive information is usually encrypted, signals intelligence may necessarily involve cryptanalysis (to decipher the messages). Traffic analysis—the study of who is signaling to whom and in what quantity—is also used to integrate information, and it may complement cryptanalysis.
Ethnikos Asteras Limassol
Ethnikos Asteras Limassol was a Cypriot football club based in the area of Ayios Ioannis, Limassol. Founded in 1957, was playing sometimes in Second and in Third Division. After the start of 1977-78 the team withdrew from the league and from Cyprus Football Association.

Cypriot Second Division
The Cypriot Second Division (Greek: Πρωτάθλημα Β΄ Κατηγορίας) is the second highest football division of the Cypriot football league system.

Administered by the Cyprus Football Association, it is contested by 16 teams, with the top three teams being promoted to the Cypriot First Division and the last three teams being relegated to the Cypriot Third Division.
11th Marine Artillery Regiment
The 11th Marine Artillery Regiment (France) (French: 11e Régiment d'Artillerie de Marine, 11e RAMa) is an artillery regiment of the French Army. The regiment constitutes the fire support unit of the 9th Marine Infantry Brigade. The regiment employs around 950 men, fielding TRF1 155mm howitzers and MO-120-RT-61 120mm mortars. The regiment was founded in a third operational phase in 1951.

Melun
Melun (French pronunciation: [məlœ̃] ⓘ) is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region, north-central France. It is located on the southeastern outskirts of Paris, about 41 kilometres (25+1⁄2 miles) from the centre of the capital. Melun is the prefecture of Seine-et-Marne, and the seat of one of its arrondissements. Its inhabitants are called Melunais.
Faus
Faus is a Spanish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ángel Faus Belau (1936–2020), Spanish journalist and academic

Imma Tor Faus (born 1966), Andorran professor and diplomat

Javier Faus (born 1964), Spanish businessman

Ángel Faus Belau
Ángel Faus Belau (9 February 1936 – 30 August 2020) was a Spanish journalist and professor emeritus of communications at the University of Navarre. He was considered a leading expert on European radio broadcasting. In 1979, he became the first Spaniard to earn a doctorate in information sciences.

In his book, "La radio en España (1896-1977). Una historia documental", Faus argued that Julio Cervera Baviera, a Spanish engineer, was the actual inventor of the radio, rather than Guglielmo Marconi. Faus published more than 300 books, articles and scholarly journals during his career.

Ángel Faus Belau died in Castellón de la Plana on 30 August 2020, at the age of 84. He was survived by his wife, María Luis Alcaraz Castelló, and their five children - María Luisa, María Ángeles, Ángel, Begoña, and Luis Faus Alcaraz. His funeral was held at Castelló Cathedral in Castellón de la Plana on 31 August 2020.
Coronach (horse)
Coronach was a British Thoroughbred racehorse and sire. He was a champion two-year-old who went on to become only the third horse to complete
The Derby, Eclipse Stakes and St Leger treble (Tulyar, in 1952, become the most recent and fourth horse to equal the feat) as a three-year-old in 1926, a year in which he also won the St James's Palace Stakes. He won the Coronation Cup at four, but was beaten in his two remaining starts by his long-standing rival Colorado

Coronach died in November 1949 in New Zealand.

St Leger Stakes
The St Leger Stakes is a Group 1 flat horse race in Great Britain open to three-year-old thoroughbred colts and fillies. It is run at Doncaster over a distance of 1 mile, 6 furlongs and 115 yards (2,921 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in September.

Established in 1776, the St Leger is the oldest of Britain's five Classic races. It is the last of the five to be run each year, and its distance is longer than any of the other four.

The St Leger is the final leg of the English Triple Crown, which begins with the 2000 Guineas and continues with the Derby. It also completes the Fillies Triple Crown, following on from the 1000 Guineas and The Oaks. The St Leger has rarely featured Triple Crown contenders in recent decades, with the only one in recent years being the 2012 2,000 Guineas and Derby winner Camelot, who finished second in the St Leger.
Krishna Vijayam
Krishna Vijayam (transl. Krishna's victory) is a 1950 Indian Tamil language film written and directed by Sundar Rao Nadkarni. The film featured Carnatic music singer N. C. Vasanthakokilam in the role of Narada. The film, based on the Epic story of Krishna avatar, featured later day playback singer A. L. Raghavan as the child Krishna. Adult Krishna was played by P. V. Narasimha Bharathi. It was released on 14 January 1950.

Sundar Rao Nadkarni
Sundar Rao Nadkarni was an Indian film actor, editor, cinematographer, producer and director. He was the director of the first hit film for AVM productions  Bhookailas in Telugu in the year 1940, and later the record-creating Tamil film Haridas.
T'o (Armenian letter)
T'o or To (majuscule: Թ; minuscule: թ; Armenian: թո; Classical Armenian: թօ) is the ninth letter of the Armenian alphabet. It has a numerical value of 9. It was created by Mesrop Mashtots in the 5th century AD. It represents the aspirated voiceless alveolar plosive (/tʰ/) on both Eastern and Western Armenian.

Classical Armenian
Classical Armenian (Armenian: գրաբար, romanized: grabar, Eastern Armenian pronunciation [ɡəɾɑˈpʰɑɾ], Western Armenian pronunciation [kʰəɾɑˈpʰɑɾ]; meaning "literary [language]"; also Old Armenian or Liturgical Armenian) is the oldest attested form of the Armenian language. It was first written down at the beginning of the 5th century, and most Armenian literature from then through the 18th century is in Classical Armenian. Many ancient manuscripts originally written in Ancient Greek, Hebrew, Syriac and Latin survive only in Armenian translation. Classical Armenian itself, in turn, was heavily influenced by the Iranian languages, in particular by Parthian.

Classical Armenian continues to be the liturgical language of the Armenian Apostolic Church and the Armenian Catholic Church and is often learned by Biblical, Intertestamental, and Patristic scholars dedicated to textual studies. Classical Armenian is also important for the reconstruction of the Proto-Indo-European language.
Hinduism in Yemen
Hinduism was introduced to Yemen by immigrant Indian and Nepalese workers. Hinduism in Yemen largely goes under the radar, and is only practiced by small congregations scattered around the country. An estimated 150,000 Hindus resided in Yemen in 2010. The Hindu community is largely concentrated in Aden, Mukalla, Shihr, Lahaj, Mokha, and Hudaydah. Many members of the Indian-origin community have resided in the country for generations and hold Yemeni citizenship. That number increased to 202,700 (or 0.7% of the population) in 2020.

Nepalis
Nepali or Nepalese or Gorkhali (Nepali: नेपाली जनता) are the permanent citizens of Nepal under Nepali nationality law. The term Nepali strictly refers to nationality, meaning people holding citizenship of Nepal. Conversely, people without Nepalese citizenship but with roots in Nepal (such as Nepalese Australians), who speak Nepali or any of the other 128 Nepali languages but hold foreign citizenship, are referred to as Nepali-language Speaking Foreigners (Nepali: नेपाली भाषी विदेशी). The term Nepali is also not generally used to refer to non-citizen residents, dual citizens, or expatriates.

Nepal is a multicultural and multi-ethnic country. Bagmati Province is the most densely populated province, holding approximately 20.97 percent of Nepal's population.
Public and private screening
A public screening is the showing of films, sporting events, and music concerts to an audience in a public place. The event screened may be live or recorded, free or paid, and may use film, video, or a broadcast method such as satellite or closed-circuit television. Private screening refers to the screening of a commercially licensed film or media content to a group of people somewhere other than one of their homes. Private screening can be legally complex, as the distribution rights or broadcasting rights and regulations vary from country to country.

Film distribution
Film distribution, also called film exhibition or film distribution and exhibition, is the process of making a film available for viewing to an audience. This is normally the task of a professional film distributor, who would determine the marketing and release strategy for the film, the media by which a film is to be exhibited or made available for viewing and other matters. The film may be exhibited directly to the public either through a movie theater, physical media (DVD, Blu-ray), digital download/transactional video on demand (VOD) (sale or rental), subscription VOD (e.g. Amazon Prime Video, Apple TV+, Disney+, Netflix) or television programs through broadcast syndication. For commercial projects, film distribution is usually accompanied by film promotion.
Defence of the Idol
Defence of the Idol (Spanish: Defensa del ídolo) is the only book written by Chilean poet Omar Cáceres. It was originally published in Santiago by Norma publishing when Cáceres was thirty years old. Due to the numerous errors included in the first edition, the author decided to burn the majority of the copies of the book, keeping only the several books needed for his 1996 posthumous reprint, under the care of Pedro Lastra, through LOM Ediciones.

The collection, formed of fifteen short poems, had a strong impact among the writers of the time. The work is preceded by a prologue written by Vicente Huidobro, and is the only prologue to be written by the creationist poet in his lifetime. Nowadays, Defence of the Idol is considered one of the benchmarks of Latin American avant-garde writing in Chile.

Prologue
A prologue or prolog (from Ancient Greek πρόλογος prólogos, from πρό pró, "before" and λόγος lógos, "speech") is an opening to a story that establishes the context and gives background details, often some earlier story that ties into the main one, and other miscellaneous information. The Ancient Greek word πρόλογος includes the modern meaning of prologue, but was of wider significance, more like the meaning of preface. The importance, therefore, of the prologue in Greek drama was very great; it sometimes almost took the place of a romance, to which, or to an episode in which, the play itself succeeded.
Nello Falaschi
Nello Donald Falaschi (March 19, 1913 – July 29, 1986), sometimes listed as Nello Frederick Falaschi, also known by the nicknames "Flash" Falaschi and "Gunner" Falaschi, was an American professional football player. He played college football for the Santa Clara University Broncos from 1933 to 1936. He also played professional football for the National Football League (NFL) for the New York Giants from 1938 to 1941.  He was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1971 and the California High School Football Hall of fame in 2023.

Santa Clara Broncos
The Santa Clara Broncos are athletic teams that represent Santa Clara University. The school colors are red and white. The nicknames for teams is The Broncos and the student fans are referred to as the "Ruff Riders". The Broncos compete in the NCAA Division I (NCAA) as members of the West Coast Conference of which Santa Clara is a charter member.
Guv'ner
Guv'ner was an American alternative rock band from New York City, formed in 1993 following a relationship between members Charles Gansa and Pumpkin Wentzel. Thurston Moore of Sonic Youth discovered the band when he was handed a demo of theirs by Julia Cafritz of Pussy Galore, who had known Wentzel since school. Moore put out Guv'ner's debut album Hard for Measy for You on his label, Ecstatic Peace.

Further albums – The Hunt and Spectral Worship – were released on Merge Records in 1996 and 1998 respectively. The drummer, Danny Tunick, joined after the debut album. On Hard For Measy For You, drumming duties were shared by Brian Logan and Jamie Lawrence.

Merge Records
Merge Records is an independent record label based in Durham, North Carolina. It was founded in 1989 by Laura Ballance and Mac McCaughan. It began as an outlet for music from their band Superchunk and music created by friends, and has expanded to include artists from around the world, with records reaching the top of the Billboard music charts.
Siemowit of Cieszyn
Siemowit of Cieszyn (Polish: Siemowit cieszyński) (c. 1340 – 25 September 1391) was a Polish prince, member of the Piast dynasty in the Cieszyn branch.

He was the fifth son of Casimir I, Duke of Cieszyn, by his wife Euphemia, daughter of Duke Trojden I of Czersk-Warsaw.

Czersk, Masovian Voivodeship
Czersk (Polish pronunciation: [t͡ʂɛrsk] ⓘ) is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Góra Kalwaria, within Piaseczno County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. The village also lies on the Czersk Lake (size: 9 hectares), which is an oxbow lake of the Vistula.

Czersk was an important settlement in the past and is one of the oldest Mazovian cities, famous for ruins of a medieval castle constructed in the late 14th century. It was a royal town of the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland in the past. In 1247–1526, it was the capital of the Duchy of Czersk, one of medieval Polish duchies. After incorporation of Mazovia into Poland (1526), the duchy was turned into the Czersk Land (see ziemia), part of Masovian Voivodeship (1526–1795). The Land of Czersk was divided into four counties - those of Czersk, Grójec, Garwolin (since 1539), and Warka. Czersk itself was the seat of castellans, who also were senators of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
Dongjiguan Mountain
Dongjiguan Mountain (Chinese: 东鸡冠山, meaning "East Cockscomb Mountain")  or Tongchikuan Mountain is a hill in Lushunkou District, Dalian, Liaoning, China. The Imperial Russian Army built a fort on the north side of this mountain to defend the Lüshun Naval Port.

During the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–05, the Japanese Imperial Army, after several unsuccessful assaults, conquered it in December 1904, one month before the ceasefire. The Russian General Roman Kondratenko was killed in one of these assaults.

Dongjiguan Mountain is now part of the Dongjiguan Mountain Scenic Area where visitors can learn the history of the Russo-Japanese War.

The Layout of the North Fort at Dongjiguan Mountain

The North Fort is now open to the public for educational purposes

The side entrance to the fort

The North Fort of Dongjiguan Mountain, with many domestic and foreign visitors

The victory memorial of the North Fort battle

Roman Kondratenko
Roman Isidorovich Kondratenko (Russian: Роман Исидорович Кондратенко; October 12, 1857 – December 15, 1904) was a Russian general in the Imperial Russian Army remembered for his role in the Siege of Port Arthur during the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–1905.