hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pang Ji
Pang Ji (died 202), courtesy name Yuantu, was a Chinese politician serving under the warlord Yuan Shao during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.

Pang Ji was criticised by Cao Cao's advisor Xun Yu as "brave but heedless of other's opinions." Being very bitter towards his rivals, Pang Ji slandered Tian Feng after Yuan Shao's defeat at the Battle of Guandu and caused Tian Feng to commit suicide. Pang Ji later went on to serve under Yuan Shang, Yuan Shao's successor.

Since Yuan Shang was the youngest of Yuan Shao's sons, there was intense sibling rivalry. Yuan Shao's eldest son Yuan Tan was on the verge of rebellion, and Pang Ji and Shen Pei suggested sending a small army to aid Yuan Tan in the defence against Cao Cao's follow-up attacks in order to resolve the tension. Pang Ji went along as an emissary. However, Yuan Tan was not pleased with the reinforcements and demanded that Yuan Shang send more troops. He was flatly refused by Shen Pei and he killed Pang Ji in anger.

Battle of Guandu
The Battle of Guandu was fought between the warlords Cao Cao and Yuan Shao in 200 AD in the late Eastern Han dynasty. Cao Cao's decisive victory against Yuan Shao's numerically superior forces marked the turning point in their war. The victory was also the point at which Cao Cao became the dominant power in northern China, leading to the establishment of the state of Cao Wei in the Three Kingdoms period.
Bartholomew Gracedieu
Sir Bartholomew Gracedieu (died 1715) was an English politician who served as MP for St. Ives from 1705 till 1708.

He was the third son of Thomas Gracedieu. He married Francis (d. 1720) and had 2 daughters and 1 other child.

He was knighted on 17 November 1697.

St Ives (UK Parliament constituency)
St Ives is a parliamentary constituency covering the western end of Cornwall, including the Isles of Scilly. The constituency has been represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2024 by Andrew George, a Liberal Democrat; George previously represented the constituency from 1997 to 2015.
Marcus F. Cummings
Marcus Fayette Cummings (March 11, 1836 – 1905) was an American architect active in the Capital District region of the U.S. state of New York. Born in Utica, he later established his practice in the city of Troy, where many of his buildings are located in the Central Troy Historic District and listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Firm listed as Cummings & Brit in the Gazetteer and Business Directory of Rensselaer County, N. Y., for 1870–71. In 1891 he made his son, Frederick, a partner in the office, and promptly retired to Vineyard Haven, Massachusetts, on Martha's Vineyard. He maintained only a financial interest in the office of M. F. Cummings & Son, which would last into the 1930s.

Capital District (New York)
The Capital District, also known as the Capital Region, is the metropolitan area surrounding Albany, the capital of the U.S. state of New York. With an estimated 1.3 million residents, the Capital District is one of the largest metropolitan areas and the fastest-growing region in Upstate New York.

The Capital District was first settled by the Dutch in the early 17th century and came under English control in 1664. Albany was the first city to be established in New York State, and has been the permanent capital of the state of New York since 1797. The Capital District is notable for many historical events that predate the independence of the United States, including the Albany Plan of Union and the Battles of Saratoga. Since 2020, the economy of Albany and the surrounding Capital District has been directed toward artificial intelligence, computer hardware, nanotechnology, and digital electronics.
Simon Wright (politician)
Simon James Wright (born 15 September 1979) is a former British Liberal Democrat politician, who served as the Member of Parliament for Norwich South from 2010 to 2015. Wright defeated former Labour frontbench incumbent Charles Clarke. 29.7% of the votes and a narrow majority of 310 votes. He is now chief executive officer of a Norfolk-based charity, Nelson's Journey.

Charles Clarke
Charles Rodway Clarke (born 21 September 1950) is a British Labour Party politician who held various Cabinet positions under Prime Minister Tony Blair from 2001 to 2006, lastly as Home Secretary from December 2004 to May 2006. Clarke was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Norwich South from 1997 to 2010.
Plesiops
Plesiops is a genus of ray-finned fishes in the family Plesiopidae. It is a genus of small fishes which vary in length from 5 centimetres (2.0 in) and 20 centimetres (7.9 in) and which live in shallow coral flats or around heads of coral. They have elongated pelvic fins and the other fins are marked with colourful patterns such as stripes and these give name to the common names "longfin" and "prettyfin". They are thought to be nocturnal and are infrequently seen in the wild. They are carnivorous and their diet is made up of crustaceans, gastropods and small fishes and sometimes on brittle stars. A defining characteristic of this genus is that they lay elongated eggs which are laid under rocks or overhangs and are guarded by the male.

Pieter Bleeker
Pieter Bleeker (10 July 1819 – 24 January 1878) was a Dutch medical doctor, ichthyologist, and herpetologist. He was famous for the Atlas Ichthyologique des Indes Orientales Néêrlandaises, his monumental work on the fishes of East Asia published between 1862 and 1877.
Pekka Salminen (ski jumper)
Pekka Salminen (born 3 June 1981) is a Finnish former ski jumper who competed from 1998 to 2007. His best individual World Cup finish was eighth on the normal hill in Lahti on 3 March 1999, and his best team finish was third in Sapporo on 27 January 2002.

Okurayama Ski Jump Stadium
The Ōkurayama Ski Jump Stadium (大倉山ジャンプ競技場, Ōkurayama Janpu Kyōgijō), also known as the Ōkurayama-Schanze (大倉山シャンツェ, Ōkurayama Shantse) is a ski jumping venue located in the Miyanomori area in Chūō-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaidō, Japan. Owned mostly by Sapporo City, the ski jump is on the eastern slope of the Mt. Okura. The stadium has hosted a number of winter sports events including 1972 Winter Olympics and FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2007. The area of stadium consists of the Winter Sports Museum, the Ōkurayama Crystal House, and the Mt. Okura Observation Platform, as well as the ski jump.

The stadium has area of 8.2 ha which houses 50,000 people at a maximum during a competition, and the ski jump is categorized as the large hill jump. The total height of the jump hill from the top starting point to the bottom of the slope is 133 metres, also the distance to the K-spot (critical point) is 120 metres.
The Act (TV series)
The Act is an American biographical crime drama television limited series that premiered in eight parts on March 20, 2019, on Hulu. The plot is based on the life of Gypsy Rose Blanchard and the murder of her mother, Dee Dee Blanchard, who was accused of abusing her daughter by fabricating illness and disabilities. Joey King portrayed Gypsy, while Patricia Arquette played her mother, Dee Dee Blanchard. AnnaSophia Robb, Chloë Sevigny, and Calum Worthy star in supporting roles.

At the 71st Primetime Emmy Awards, Arquette won for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Limited Series and King received a nomination for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Limited Series.

Biography in literature
When studying literature, biography and its relationship to literature is often a subject of literary criticism, and is treated in several different forms. Two scholarly approaches use biography or biographical approaches to the past as a tool for interpreting literature: literary biography and biographical criticism. Conversely, two genres of fiction rely heavily on the incorporation of biographical elements into their content: biographical fiction and autobiographical fiction.
2026 Argentina Open
The 2026 IEB+ Argentina Open was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 29th edition of the ATP Buenos Aires event, and part of the ATP Tour 250 series of the 2026 ATP Tour. It took place in Buenos Aires, Argentina, from 9 to 15 February 2026.

Nicolás Kicker
Nicolás Kicker (Spanish pronunciation: [nikoˈlas ˈkikeɾ], born 16 August 1992 in Merlo) is an Argentine professional tennis player. He has a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 78 achieved on 12 June 2017 and a doubles ranking of No. 215, reached on 9 May 2016.

His best career result is reaching a major third round in singles, at the 2018 Australian Open.

Kicker plays mainly on the ATP Challenger Tour, where he has won four titles in singles and two in doubles. He also earned 21 titles combined on the ITF Men's Tour, 14 in singles and seven in doubles.
United Nations Digital Library
The United Nations Digital Library is a primary bibliographic database of the United Nations established in 1979. It consists of the official documents and publications produced the UN System. It is managed and developed by the Dag Hammarskjold Library.

The database is regularly updated with the documents and records of the UN General Assembly, Security Council, and the United Nations Economic and Social Council.

It has maintained a record in digital format from 1982 to the present day on various subjects, including voting, bibliographic files, speeches files, full text UN resolutions, document series symbol, UNBIS thesaurus (dictionary or encyclopedia), and name authorities. https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3956079/files/ST_SG_SER-A_81_E.pdf

United Nations resolution
A United Nations resolution (UN resolution) is a formal text adopted by a United Nations (UN) body. Although any UN body can issue resolutions, in practice most resolutions are issued by the Security Council or the General Assembly, in the form of United Nations Security Council resolutions and United Nations General Assembly resolutions, respectively.
Bittersweet White Light
Bittersweet White Light is the ninth studio album by American singer Cher. It is composed mostly of covers of American pop standards and was released in April 1973 by MCA both in the UK and the US. It was the last solo Cher album to be produced by Sonny Bono, then her husband and performing partner. While the album is a favorite among Cher fans, critical reviews were mixed, and Bittersweet White Light was Cher's first commercial failure of the 1970s.

Sonny Bono
Salvatore Phillip "Sonny" Bono (/ˈboʊnoʊ/ BOH-noh; February 16, 1935 – January 5, 1998) was an American singer, songwriter, actor, and politician. In partnership with his second wife, Cher, he formed the singing duo Sonny & Cher. A member of the Republican Party, Bono served as the 16th mayor of Palm Springs, California, from 1988 to 1992, and served as the U.S. representative for California's 44th district from 1995 until his death in 1998.

The United States Copyright Term Extension Act of 1998, which extended the term of copyright by 20 years, was named in honor of Bono when it was passed by Congress nine months after his death. Mary Bono (his widow and successor in Congress) had been one of the original sponsors of the legislation, commonly known as the Sonny Bono Copyright Term Extension Act.
Laksefjorden
Laksefjorden (Norwegian; lit. 'Salmon fjord'), Lágesvuotna (Northern Sami), or Laisvuono (Kven) is a fjord located entirely in Lebesby Municipality in Finnmark county, Norway. At 72 kilometres (45 mi) long, it is the third-longest fjord in Finnmark county after the Porsangerfjorden and Varangerfjorden. The fjord is situated in a sparsely populated area, with only few and small settlements along the fjord, including Lebesby, Kunes, Ifjord, and Veidnes. The fjord is surrounded by the Sværholt Peninsula to the west and the Nordkinn Peninsula to the east, and it empties to the north into the Barents Sea. Norwegian County Road 888 follows the southern and eastern shoreline of the fjord.

Kven language
Kven (kvääni; kainu; Finnish: kveeni; Norwegian: kvensk) is a Finnic language spoken in the northernmost parts of Norway by the Kven people. It is closely related to Meänkieli, spoken in Torne Valley in Sweden, and to the Peräpohjola dialects of Finnish. The status of Kven as a distinct language versus a dialect of Finnish has been debated. In 2005, Kven received the status of a minority language in Norway under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages.

There are about 1,500 to 10,000 known native speakers, most of whom are over the age of 60. Middle-aged speakers tend to have a passing knowledge of the language. They use it occasionally, but not frequently enough to keep it off the endangered list. People under the age of 30 rarely speak or know the language. However, children in the community of Børselv can learn Kven in their primary schools.
Sonatine bureaucratique
The Sonatine bureaucratique (Bureaucratic sonatina) is a 1917 piano composition by Erik Satie. The final entry in his humoristic piano music of the 1910s, it is Satie's only full-scale parody of a single musical work: the Sonatina Op. 36 N° 1 (1797) by Muzio Clementi. In performance it lasts around 4 minutes.

Satie's modern, irreverent reinterpretations of 18th Century music in this little pastiche have been hailed as a notable forerunner of Neoclassicism, a trend that would dominate Western concert hall music in the years between the World Wars.

Parade (ballet)
Parade is a ballet choreographed by Leonide Massine, with music by Erik Satie and a one-act scenario by Jean Cocteau. The ballet was composed in 1916–17 for Sergei Diaghilev's Ballets Russes. The ballet premiered on Friday, May 18, 1917, at the Théâtre du Châtelet in Paris, with costumes and sets designed by Pablo Picasso, choreography by Léonide Massine (who danced), and the orchestra conducted by Ernest Ansermet.
Cashel, County Tipperary
Cashel (/ˈkæʃəl/; Irish: Caiseal, meaning 'stone ringfort') is a town in County Tipperary in Ireland. Its population was 4,805 in the 2022 census. The town gives its name to the ecclesiastical province of Cashel. Additionally, the cathedra of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cashel and Emly was originally in the town prior to the English Reformation. It is part of the parish of Cashel and Rosegreen in the same archdiocese. One of the six cathedrals of the Anglican Bishop of Cashel and Ossory, who currently resides in Kilkenny, is located in the town. It is in the civil parish of St. Patrick's Rock which is in the historical barony of Middle Third.

Cathedra
A cathedra is the throne of a bishop, found in the cathedral church of his diocese. The word derives from the Greek καθέδρα (kathédra), meaning "seat", especially one used by a bishop or teacher; this term is also the ultimate source of the word "chair".
Cochleopsaltria
Cochleopsaltria is a genus of Asian cicadas in the tribe Dundubiini (not assigned to any subtribe), erected by Hong Thai Pham and Jérôme Constant in 2017.  When naming this genus, they referred to the shape of the opercula covering the tymbals (Latin 'cochlear' meaning spoon, Greek: κοχλίας  meaning shell or twist); the suffix 'psaltria' (Latin and Greek ψαλτρία meaning 'female kithara player') is an ending for several generic names within the family Cicadidae.  Species have been recorded from Vietnam and eastern China.

Kithara
The kithara (Greek: κιθάρα, romanized: kithára), Latinized as cithara, was an ancient Greek musical instrument in the yoke lutes family. It was a seven-stringed professional version of the lyre, which was regarded as a rustic, or folk instrument, appropriate for teaching music to beginners. As opposed to the simpler lyre, the cithara was primarily used by professional musicians, called kitharodes. In modern Greek, the word kithara has come to mean "guitar"; etymologically, the word guitar derives from kithara.
Broadcast-safe
Broadcast-safe video (broadcast legal or legal signal) is a term used in the broadcast industry to define video and audio compliant with the technical or regulatory broadcast requirements of the target area or region the feed might be broadcasting to. In the United States, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) is the regulatory authority; in most of Europe, standards are set by the European Broadcasting Union (EBU).

Amplitude
The amplitude of a periodic variable is a measure of its change in a single period (such as time or spatial period). The amplitude of a non-periodic signal is its magnitude compared with a reference value. There are various definitions of amplitude (see below), which are all functions of the magnitude of the differences between the variable's extreme values. In older texts, the phase of a periodic function is sometimes called the amplitude.
Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research
Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research is a private research institute, funded and maintained by the Minerva Foundation. The Minerva Foundation was founded in 1959. The research institute is located in Meilahti at Biomedicum Helsinki Finland, in a large conglomerate of modern laboratories with research groups in the biomedical and medical research fields. The institute features seven research groups with about 40 employees.

Adjunct professor
An adjunct professor is a type of academic appointment in higher education who does not work at the establishment full-time. The terms of this appointment and the job security of the tenure vary in different parts of the world, but the term is generally agreed to mean a bona-fide part-time faculty member in an adjunct position at an institution of higher education.
Hintata
The Hintata or Hin Tata were a Amazighi Tribal Confederation belonging to the tribal group Sanhaja of Tunis, Ifriqiya. They were historically known for their political power in the region of Ifriqiya between the twelfth century and sixteenth century. Having helped the Almohads come to power, the Hintata have always been very close to the Almohad caliphs and during the Marinid period, controlled the region of Marrakesh from the Jabal Hintata, in the High Atlas, coming to reign independently on fifteenth century and early sixteenth century. The Hafsid dynasty of Tunis were a descendant of the Hintata.

Joseph Schacht
Joseph Franz Schacht (German pronunciation: [ˈjoːzɛf ʃaxt] ⓘ, 15 March 1902 – 1 August 1969) was a British-German professor of Arabic and Islam at Columbia University in New York. He was the leading Western scholar in the areas of Islamic law and hadith studies, whose Origins of Muhammadan Jurisprudence (1950) is still considered a centrally important work on the subject. The author of many articles in the first and second editions of the Encyclopaedia of Islam, Schacht also co-edited the second edition of The Legacy of Islam and authored a textbook titled An Introduction to Islamic Law (1964).
Hidetaka Miyazaki
Hidetaka Miyazaki (Japanese: 宮崎 英高, Hepburn: Miyazaki Hidetaka; born September 19, 1974) is a Japanese video game director, designer, writer, and president of the game developer FromSoftware. He joined the company in 2004 and was a designer for the Armored Core series before receiving wider recognition for creating the Dark Souls series. Miyazaki was promoted to company president in 2014 and also serves as its representative director. Other similar games he has directed include Demon's Souls, Bloodborne, Sekiro, and Elden Ring.

Miyazaki's influences range across the works of various novelists, manga artists, and game designers such as Fumito Ueda and Yuji Horii. His games often invoke the use of high difficulty and narratives presented largely through flavor text and environmental cues as opposed to dialogue. Regarded as an auteur of video games, Miyazaki's works have been cited as among the greatest in the medium, leading to the creation of the Soulslike subgenre.

Game balance
Game balance is a branch of game design with the intention of improving gameplay and user experience by balancing difficulty and fairness. Game balance consists of adjusting rewards, challenges, and/or elements of a game to create the intended player experience.
Frank E. Boston
Frank Erdman Boston (March 10, 1890 – February 8, 1960) was an American physician. He served in World War I (as a part of the Medical Reserve Corps) in the 317th Infantry. He served in France with the rank captain and ended his military service as a major. After the war, he worked in Philadelphia and then moved to Lansdale, Pennsylvania, founding an ambulance corps and the North Penn Hospital (1954).

317th Infantry Regiment (United States)
The 317th Infantry Regiment was a regiment of the United States Army during World War II. It was one of three infantry regiments in the 80th Infantry Division. Today, it is known as the 317th Regiment and is based in Lynchburg, Virginia as a training unit within the United States Army Reserve - currently under the 104th Training Division.
I Love to Love
"I Love to Love" is a song recorded by German Eurodance group La Bouche, released in November 1995, by MCI and BMG, as the fourth and last single of their debut album, Sweet Dreams (1995). The song achieved a minor success in comparison with "Be My Lover" and "Sweet Dreams", but made it to number five in Hungary and number six in Australia. On the Eurochart Hot 100, it reached number 37 in February 1996. In Canada, "I Love to Love" peaked at number two on the RPM Dance/Urban chart. The CD maxi's cover features also the title of the fourth track, a cover of Patrice Rushen's "Forget Me Nots", another song taken from the same album. "I Love to Love" earned a gold record in Australia, with a sale of 35,000 singles. The accompanying music video was filmed in Berlin, Germany. Lynn Dean Ford from Indianapolis Star described "I Love to Love" as a "pounding dance tune" in the vein of Snap! and Real McCoy, noting that their "relentless energy [are] steeped in tension and computerization."

Real McCoy (band)
Real McCoy is a German Eurodance and pop music project best known for their hit singles throughout the mid-1990s: "Another Night", "Automatic Lover (Call for Love)", "Run Away", "Love & Devotion", "Come and Get Your Love", and "One More Time". Their first U.S. album Another Night went multi-platinum and charted in countries around the world.
Lloyd Tennant
Lloyd Tennant (born 9 April 1968) is an English former cricketer active from 1986 to 1995 who played for Leicestershire. He appeared in ten first-class matches as a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium fast. In first-class cricket, he scored 110 runs with a highest score of 23* and took fifteen wickets with a best performance of four for 54.

In retirement, he served on the Leicestershire coaching staff until 2015. He proved successful in leading the club's 2nd XI. In 2017 he was appointed by the England and Wales Cricket Board as a cricket liaison officer. He was appointed as the head coach of Central Sparks in 2020.

Seam bowling
Seam bowling is a bowling technique in cricket, in which the ball is deliberately bowled to hit the ground on its seam, to cause a random deviation when it bounces. A bowler who uses this technique is called a seam bowler or seamer.

Seam bowling is a form of fast bowling, although seam can also be a factor in medium-pace bowling. Although there are specialist seamers that make deliberate use of off cutter and leg cutter at the expense of bowling slower than regular fast bowlers, most bowlers employ the seam to some effect and so the terms "seamer" and "fast bowler" are largely synonymous. This was far less the case in the past, even the recent past. Bowlers such as Tom Cartwright and Derek Shackleton bowled seamers at a pace in the low 70mphs and were very successful due to their mastery of control and variation.