hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Death of Brandon Mendoza
Brandon Mendoza was a Hispanic Mesa, Arizona, police officer who was killed in 2014 by an illegal immigrant driving drunk in the wrong lane. Later investigation found that the driver had a lengthy criminal history and was driving without a license. Mendoza was posthumously promoted, and a foundation was set up in his honor. His death became a part of the broader public debate regarding US immigration policy.

Posthumous promotion
A posthumous promotion is an advancement in rank or position in the case of a person who is dead.  Posthumous promotions are most often associated with the military, but may be granted in other fields such as business, public safety, science, or the arts. The higher rank is typically intended as a ceremonial recognition of one's achievements, bestowed after their death, though in the case of the military can occur erroneously if the recipient is reported missing before their death is confirmed.
Nick de Firmian
Nicholas Ernest de Firmian (born July 26, 1957) is an American chess player who received the FIDE title of Grandmaster (GM) in 1985. He is a three-time U.S. chess champion, winning in 1987 (with Joel Benjamin), 1995, and 1998. He also tied for first in 2002, but Larry Christiansen won the playoff. He is also a chess writer, most famous for his work in writing the 13th, 14th, and 15th editions of the important chess opening treatise Modern Chess Openings. He was born in Fresno, California.

Treatise
A treatise is a formal and systematic written discourse on some subjects concerned with investigating or exposing the main principles of the subject and its conclusions. A monograph is a treatise on a specialized topic.
Jalan H.R. Rasuna Said
Jalan H.R. Rasuna Said (H.R. Rasuna Said Avenue) or Jalan Rasuna Said (Rasuna Said Avenue) is one of the main avenues of Jakarta, Indonesia. It was constructed during the 1970s. It is located in the Golden Triangle of Jakarta. The road was named after Hajjah Rangkayo Rasuna Said, a National Hero of Indonesia. The road runs 4.9 km (3.0 mi) from Setiabudi, South Jakarta, to Tendean, Mampang Prapatan, South Jakarta. The Rasuna Said Street is also one of the Odd–even Traffic Restriction Scheme implementation zones (Monday to Friday, 06:00-10:00 and 16:00-21:00).

Odd–even rationing
Odd–even rationing is a method of rationing in which access to some resource is restricted to some of the population on any given day. In a common example, drivers of private vehicles may be allowed to drive, park, or purchase gasoline on alternating days, according to whether the last digit in their license plate is even or odd. Similarly, during a drought, houses can be restricted from using water outdoors according to the parity of the house number.

Typically a day is "odd" or "even" depending on the day of the month. An issue with this approach is that two "odd" days in a row occur whenever a month ends on an odd-numbered day. Sometimes odd or even may be based on day of the week, with Sundays excluded or included for everyone.
Fencing at the 2019 Pan American Games – Women's foil
The women's foil competition of the fencing events at the 2019 Pan American Games was held on August 5 at the Lima Convention Centre.

The foil competition consisted of a qualification round followed by a single-elimination bracket with a bronze medal match between the two semifinal losers. Fencing was done to 15 touches or to the completion of three three-minute rounds if neither fencer reached 15 touches by then. At the end of time, the higher-scoring fencer was the winner; a tie resulted in an additional one-minute sudden-death time period. This sudden-death period was further modified by the selection of a draw-winner beforehand; if neither fencer scored a touch during the minute, the predetermined draw-winner won the bout.

Foil (fencing)
A foil is one of the three weapons used in the sport of fencing. It is a flexible weapon of total length 110 cm (43 in) or under, rectangular in cross section, weighing under 500 g (18 oz), with a blunt tip. As with the épée, points are only scored by making contact with the tip. The foil is the most commonly used weapon in fencing.
Clay Local School District
The Clay Local School District (CLSD) is located four miles (6.4 km) north of the Portsmouth, Ohio, city limits on U.S. Route 23 in Clay Township in Scioto County—which is 85 miles (137 km) south of Columbus, Ohio; 50 miles (80 km) west of Huntington, West Virginia; and 100 miles (160 km) east of Cincinnati, Ohio. Clay is a rural Ohio public school district serving 700 students in grades pre-K through 12 in Southern Ohio. With the creation of a high school (Clay Township High School) for the district in 1940, students for the first time were able to graduate from a Clay Local School District building.

In 2010 a new PK-12 building was constructed.  Until 2010, Clay Junior–Senior High School was one of three buildings used in the district. Rubyville Elementary School (4–6), on Maple Benner Road at the intersection of State Route 139, and Rosemount Primary School (K–3), on Rose Valley Road just off Rosemount Road in Rosemount, Ohio, were the other two buildings.

U.S. Route 23
U.S. Route 23 or U.S. Highway 23 (US 23) is a major north–south United States Numbered Highway between Jacksonville, Florida, and Mackinaw City, Michigan. It is an original 1926 route which originally reached only as far south as Portsmouth, Ohio, and has since been extended. It was formerly part of the major highway known as the Dixie Highway. The highway's southern terminus is in Jacksonville, Florida, at US 1/US 17. The northern terminus is at Interstate 75 (I-75) in Mackinaw City, Michigan.
Poly(ethyl methacrylate)
Poly(ethyl methacrylate) (PEMA) is a hydrophobic synthetic acrylate polymer. It has properties similar to the more common PMMA, however it produces less heat during polymerization, has a lower modulus of elasticity and has an overall softer texture. It may be vulcanized using lead oxide as a catalyst and it can be softened using ethanol.

It is used as an impression material of ear canals for the fabrication of hearing aids. It is also used in dentistry as a chair-side denture reline material for partial and complete dentures as well as a tissue conditioner with implant-supported dentures. It is used as a component of fossil coating and preservation  and for fabricating artificial nails

Dentures
Dentures (also known as false teeth) are prosthetic devices constructed to replace missing teeth, supported by the surrounding soft and hard tissues of the oral cavity. Conventional dentures are removable (removable partial denture or complete denture). However, there are many denture designs, some of which rely on bonding or clasping onto teeth or dental implants (fixed prosthodontics). There are two main categories of dentures, the distinction being whether they fit onto the mandibular arch or on the maxillary arch.
Football at the 2007 Pan American Games – Men's tournament
In the men's football tournament of the 2007 Pan American Games, the Pan American Sports Organisation expanded the number of participants from 8 to 12 and set the age limit to the Under-20 level. However, CONMEBOL, representing the South American nations, only accepted to play with Under-17 teams (who qualified through the 2007 South American Under-17 Football Championship), since Under-20 teams had to participate at the U-20 World Cup at the same time.

The United States accepted to play with their Under-18 team. Finally, Peru declined to play because their U-17 team preferred to play friendlies in Asia in preparation for the U-17 World Cup, so Bolivia took their place.

In the final, Ecuador beat Jamaica to win their first gold medal.

2007 South American U-17 Championship
The 2007 South American Under-17 Football Championship was played in Ecuador from 4 to 25 March 2007. The seven venues of the competition were the cities of Ambato, Azogues, Cuenca, Ibarra, Latacunga, Quito and Riobamba. The tournament provided four berths to the 2007 FIFA U-17 World Cup and six to the 2007 Pan American Games.
Marcel Dassault
Marcel Dassault (French pronunciation: [maʁsɛl daso]; born Marcel Ferdinand Bloch; 23 January 1892 – 17 April 1986) was a French engineer and industrialist who spent his career in aircraft manufacturing. He was also involved in politics, serving intermittently over more than three decades in both houses of the French Parliament from 1951 until his death in 1986.

Aerospace manufacturer
An aerospace manufacturer is a company or individual involved in the various aspects of designing, building, testing, selling, and maintaining aircraft, aircraft parts, missiles, rockets, or spacecraft. Aerospace is a high technology industry.

The aircraft industry is the industry supporting aviation by building aircraft and manufacturing aircraft parts for their maintenance.  This includes aircraft and parts used for civil aviation and military aviation. Most production is done pursuant to type certificates and Defense Standards issued by a government body. This term has been largely subsumed by the more encompassing term: "aerospace industry".
Village Institutes
Village Institutes (Turkish: Köy Enstitüleri) were a group of rural schools in Turkey founded in accordance with a project led by Hasan Âli Yücel, who was the Minister of Education at the time. The project started on April 17, 1940 in order to train teachers. They were the cornerstones of the rural development projects in the post-war Turkish state. At the time there weren't many educational institutions in most villages, the institutes helped educate the rural populace. Village Institutes were established to meet the needs of the teachers of each village.  Despite their short lifespan, they increased the number of primary schools in the country. They had the support of president İsmet İnönü and the director general of primary education İsmail Hakkı Tonguç.

Ministry of National Education (Turkey)
The  Ministry of National Education (Turkish: Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı) is a government ministry of the Republic of Turkey, responsible for the supervision of public and private educational system, agreements and authorizations under a national curriculum. The ministry is headed by Yusuf Tekin.
Tellurium tetrabromide
Tellurium tetrabromide (TeBr4) is an inorganic chemical compound. It has a similar tetrameric structure to TeCl4.  It can be made by reacting bromine and tellurium. In the vapour TeBr4 dissociates:

TeBr4 → TeBr2 + Br2

It is a conductor when molten, dissociating into the ions TeBr3+ and Br−. When dissolved in benzene and toluene, TeBr4 is present as the unionized tetramer Te4Br16. In solvents with donor properties such as acetonitrile, CH3CN ionic complexes are formed which make the solution conducting:

TeBr4 + 2CH3CN → (CH3CN)2TeBr3+ + Br−

Acetonitrile
Acetonitrile, often abbreviated MeCN (methyl cyanide), is the chemical compound with the formula CH3CN and structure H3C−C≡N. This colourless liquid is the simplest organic nitrile (hydrogen cyanide is a simpler nitrile, but the cyanide anion is not classed as organic). It is produced mainly as a byproduct of acrylonitrile manufacture. It is used as a polar aprotic solvent in organic synthesis and in the purification of butadiene. The N≡C−C skeleton is linear with a short C≡N distance of 1.16 Å.

Acetonitrile was first prepared in 1847 by the French chemist Jean-Baptiste Dumas.
Tim Lythe
Timothy Ignatius Lythe (born 19 April 1980 in Auckland) is a former New Zealand cricketer who played for the Auckland Aces and the Central District Stags in the State Championship. His final game was against the Northern Districts for the Central District Stags in April 2008. In FC format he boasts a batting average of 30.04 and in List A format, an average of 45.

A right-handed batsman and off spinner, he was diagnosed with bone cancer in 1999 at the age of 19 and underwent an operation in which half his left thigh bone was replaced with a titanium rod while his knee was replaced with a complex prosthesis.

In 9 first class matches for Auckland in 2005/06 and 2006/07 he scored 352 runs at an average of 27 with a best of 66 among his three fifties.  He also took 8 first class wickets.

Northern Districts men's cricket team
The Northern Districts cricket team is a men's cricket team that represents the northern half of New Zealand’s North Island (excluding Auckland). It is one of six major first-class cricket teams governed by New Zealand Cricket. The team competes in the Plunket Shield first-class competition, the Ford Trophy one-day competition, and the Men's Super Smash T20 competition. The T20 team is known as the Northern Brave (previously Northern Knights until the 2021–22 season.

Northern Districts were the last of New Zealand’s six major teams to gain first-class status, joining the Plunket Shield in the 1956–57 season. The association comprises six constituent districts: Northland Cricket Association, Counties Manukau Cricket Association, Waikato Valley Cricket, Hamilton Cricket Association, Bay of Plenty Cricket, and Poverty Bay Cricket Association.
1924 Middle Tennessee State Normal football team
The 1924 Middle Tennessee State Normal football team represented the Middle Tennessee State Normal School—now known as Middle Tennessee State University—as an independent during the 1924 college football season. Led by first-year head coach Guy Stephenson, the team compiled a record of 1–5. Kenneth Miles was the team captain.

1924 college football season
The 1924 college football season was the year of the Four Horsemen as the Notre Dame team, coached by Knute Rockne, won all of its games, including the Rose Bowl, to be acclaimed as the best team in the nation.  Notre Dame and Stanford were both unbeaten at season's end, with the Fighting Irish winning the Rose Bowl contest 27–10. The Penn Quakers were retroactively awarded a national championship by Parke H. Davis.

Red Grange's Illinois team upset Michigan. The Illini were upset by Minnesota, which in turn was upset by Vanderbilt. Fred Russell's Fifty Years of Vanderbilt Football dubs 1924 "the most eventful season in the history of Vanderbilt football." Centre claimed a southern title in its last season of national relevance, upsetting Wallace Wade's first SoCon champion Alabama team. Alabama did not lose another game until 1927.
1892 Coeur d'Alene labor strike
The 1892 Coeur d'Alene labor strike erupted in violence when labor union miners discovered they had been infiltrated by a Pinkerton agent who had routinely provided union information to the mine owners. The response to the labor violence, disastrous for the local miners' union, became the primary motivation for the formation of the Western Federation of Miners (WFM) the following year. The incident marked the first violent confrontation between the workers of the mines and their owners. Labor unrest continued after the 1892 strike, and surfaced again in the labor confrontation of 1899.

J. Anthony Lukas
Jay Anthony Lukas (April 25, 1933 – June 5, 1997) was an American journalist and author, best known for his 1985 book Common Ground: A Turbulent Decade in the Lives of Three American Families. Common Ground is a study of race relations, class conflict, and school busing in Boston, Massachusetts, as seen through the eyes of three families: one upper-middle-class white, one working-class white, and one working-class African-American. His work garnered him two Pulitzer Prizes.
Tanquary Fiord Airport
Tanquary Fiord Airport (TC LID: CJQ6) is located at the southern side of Tanquary Fiord, Nunavut, Canada, close to the end of the fiord. It is located within Quttinirpaaq National Park and is maintained by Parks Canada. It serves as the main access to the park for tourists. Hikers to Lake Hazen, which is located 70 km (43 mi) to the northeast, start from Tanquary Camp.

The aerodrome sketch for Tanquary Fiord is probably the simplest in the Canada Flight Supplement; it has nothing on it but a runway and an unlit wind sock.

Canada Flight Supplement
The Canada Flight Supplement (CFS) (French: Supplément de vol Canada) is a joint civil/military publication and is a supplement of the Aeronautical Information Publication (AIP Canada). It is the nation's official airport directory. It contains information on all registered Canadian and certain Atlantic aerodromes and certified airports.

The CFS is published, separately in English and French, as a paper book by Nav Canada and is issued once every 56 days on the ICAO AIRAC schedule.

The CFS was published by Natural Resources Canada on behalf of Transport Canada and the Department of National Defence until 15 March 2007 edition, at which time Nav Canada took over production.
Edna Ryan (cricketer)
Edna May Ryan (born 8 December 1946) is a New Zealand former cricketer who played as a wicket-keeper and right-handed batter. She appeared in 5 Test matches and 15 One Day Internationals for New Zealand between 1975 and 1982. She played domestic cricket for Auckland.

Women's Test cricket
Women's Test cricket is the longest format of women's cricket and is the female equivalent to men's Test cricket. Matches comprise four-innings and are held over a maximum of four days between two of the leading cricketing nations. The rules governing the format differ little from those for the men's game, with differences generally being technicalities surrounding umpiring and field size.

The first women's Test match was played by England women and Australia women in December 1934, a three-day contest held in Brisbane which England won by nine wickets. A total of 149 Women's Test matches have been played. Far fewer matches are played each year in favour of Women's One Day Internationals and Women's Twenty20 Internationals, with the international calendar revolving around the shorter formats of the game.
Ankara Esenboğa Airport
Ankara Esenboğa Airport (IATA: ESB, ICAO: LTAC) is an international airport of Ankara, the capital city of Turkey. In 2024, the airport served more than 12 million passengers, 9 million of which were domestic passengers. It ranked 4th in terms of total passenger traffic (after Istanbul Airport, Sabiha Gökçen Airport and  Antalya Airport), 3rd in terms of domestic passenger traffic (after Istanbul Airport and Sabiha Gökçen Airport) among airports in Turkey as well as being the 14th busiest airport in the Middle East.

Sabiha Gökçen International Airport
Istanbul Sabiha Gökçen International Airport (IATA: SAW, ICAO: LTFJ) is the secondary international airport serving Istanbul, Turkey. Located 32 km (20 mi) southeast of the city centre, Sabiha Gökçen Airport is in the Asian part of the transcontinental city and serves as the operating base for AJet and Pegasus Airlines.

The airport is named after Sabiha Gökçen, adoptive daughter of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk and the first female fighter pilot in the world. Although Istanbul Airport, located 63 km (39 mi) west of the European side of Istanbul, is larger, Sabiha Gökçen is still one of the largest airports in the country and one of the busiest airports in the Middle East.
N-acylmannosamine 1-dehydrogenase
In enzymology, a N-acylmannosamine 1-dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.233) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

N-acyl-D-mannosamine + NAD+  N-acyl-D-mannosaminolactone + NADH + H+

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are N-acyl-D-mannosamine and NAD+, whereas its 3 products are N-acyl-D-mannosaminolactone, NADH, and H+.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-OH group of donor with NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is N-acyl-D-mannosamine:NAD+ 1-oxidoreductase. Other names in common use include N-acylmannosamine dehydrogenase, N-acetyl-D-mannosamine dehydrogenase, N-acyl-D-mannosamine dehydrogenase, and N-acylmannosamine dehydrogenase.

N-Acetylmannosamine
N-Acetylmannosamine is a hexosamine monosaccharide.  It is a neutral, stable naturally occurring compound.  N-Acetylmannosamine is also known as N-Acetyl-D-mannosamine monohydrate, (which has the CAS Registry Number: 676347-48-1), N-Acetyl-D-mannosamine which can be abbreviated to ManNAc or, less commonly, NAM).
ManNAc is the first committed biological precursor of N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac, sialic acid) (Figure 1). Sialic acids are the negatively charged, terminal monosaccharides of carbohydrate chains that are attached to glycoproteins and glycolipids (glycans).
Hari Bahadur Basnet
Hari Bahadur Basnet is a Nepalese politician. He is the head of the Foreign Relations Department of the Rastriya Janashakti Party. Basnet holds a M.Sc. in Engineering.

Basnet entered politics in 1970. Three times he was elected to the Rastriya Panchayat. He joined the Rastriya Prajatantra Party when it was formed, and became a Central Committee member of the party. He also headed the International Relations department of RPP.

In 2003, he was appointed Minister of Law, Justice and Parliamentary Affairs, Education and Sports, Industry, Commerce, and Supplies in the cabinet of Surya Bahadur Thapa.

Rastriya Panchayat
The Rastriya Panchayat (Nepali: राष्ट्रिय पञ्चायत; transl. National Council) was the legislature of the Kingdom of Nepal from during the panchayat era from 1962 to 1990. Following the 1960 coup by King Mahendra, the enactment of the Constitution of 1962, made the Rastriya Panchayat the supreme legislative body in the country, replacing the Parliament of Nepal.

Under the Constitution of Nepal 1962, there were indirect elections to the Rastriya Panchayat. The 1980 referendum voted in favor of a reformed Rastriya Panchayat and consequently, members were directly elected.

The Rastriya Panchayat ceased to exist after the adoption of the Constitution of Nepal, 1990 following the 1990 revolution.
Ho King Commercial Building
Ho King Commercial Building (Chinese: 好景商業中心; Jyutping: hou2 ging2 soeng1 jip6 zung1 sam1) and Ho King Shopping Centre (Chinese: 好景商場; Jyutping: hou2 ging2 soeng1 coeng4) are located at the junction of Fa Yuen Street and Dundas Street in Mong Kok, Hong Kong. Built in the 1980s, the lower levels of the shopping centre mainly sold video games and video game consoles in the early days. Gangsters later came in and began selling pornographic and unlicensed copies of VCDs that have made the shopping centre famous.

Slogans that their promoters yelled became alternative culture. The Hong Kong Government attempts to clear out merchants selling illegal goods frequently. In 2005, the 2nd floor was renovated as a pop culture market for youth.

Video CD
Video CD (abbreviated as VCD, also known as Compact Disc Digital Video, abbreviated as CDDV) is a home video format and the first format for distributing films on standard 120 mm (4.7 in) optical discs.  The format was widely adopted in nearly all of Asia (except for Japan and South Korea), superseding the VHS and Betamax systems in those regions until DVD-Video became more affordable in the 2000s.

The format is a standard digital data format for storing video on a compact disc. VCD discs/disc images are playable in dedicated VCD players and widely playable in most DVD players, personal computers and some video game consoles with an optical disc drive that is programmed to understand VCD discs.

The Video CD standard was created in 1993
by Sony, Philips, Matsushita and JVC; it is referred to as the White Book standard. The MPEG-1 format was also released that same year.