hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Clement Wilson (writer)
Clement Wilson (born 11 May 1976) is a journalist, author and travel writer. Born in Ireland, he was educated at Glenalmond College and Trinity College, Dublin and currently lives in Edinburgh. His journalism has appeared in numerous newspapers and magazines and he has written books on the Gumball 3000 rally (with jockey Richard Dunwoody) and Iceland amongst other subjects. He is a member of The British Guild of Travel Writers and the Chartered Institute of Journalists.

Richard Dunwoody
Thomas Richard Dunwoody MBE (born 18 January 1964) is a retired British National Hunt jockey. He was a three-time British Champion Jockey. He was the only jockey of his generation to win the Grand National, Cheltenham Gold Cup and Champion Hurdle.
Eve Fowler
Eve Fowler (born 1964) is an American Artist based in Los Angeles.

Fowler was born in Philadelphia, PA and has been living and working in Los Angeles since 2002. Fowler's most notable work includes her series of texts appropriating Gertrude Stein's poetry, and her portraits of male hustlers in New York and Los Angeles in the 90s. Identifying as a lesbian and feminist, Fowler's work tries to identify what she perceives as male biases in language and culture and reframe them around sex-positive, feminist, and queered images. For example, her 2005 portrait of performance artist K8 Hardy recalls Austrian feminist, VALIE EXPORT's 1969 work Action Pants: Genital Panic by depicting Hardy in her studio, sitting wide legged with the crotch cut out of her jeans.

Male prostitution
Male prostitution is a form of sex work consisting of the act or practice of men providing sexual services in return for payment. Although clients can be of any gender, the vast majority are older males looking to fulfill their sexual needs. Male prostitutes have been far less studied than female prostitutes by researchers. Even so, male prostitution has an extensive history, including regulation through homosexuality, conceptual developments on sexuality, and the HIV/AIDS epidemic impact. In the last century, male sex work has seen various advancements such as popularizing new sexual acts, methods of exchange, and carving out a spot in cinema.
West Bengal Day
West Bengal Day (also known as Paschim Banga Dibas) is the official state day of the Indian state of West Bengal. Observed annually on 20 June, the day commemorates the adoption of a resolution by the Bengal Legislative Assembly in 1947 that led to the creation of West Bengal as a separate state following the partition of Bengal. The occasion highlights the cultural heritage, history, and achievements of the state. Various events are organised to celebrate the social, literary, and artistic contributions of West Bengal, with cultural programmes, exhibitions, and public addresses by government officials and community leaders. Although not a public holiday, West Bengal Day is marked by festivities and observances across the state in recognition of its distinct identity and historical significance.

Bengal Legislative Assembly
The Bengal Legislative Assembly (Bengali: বঙ্গীয় আইনসভা) was the largest legislature in British India, serving as the lower chamber of the legislature of Bengal (now Bangladesh and the Indian state of West Bengal). It was established under the Government of India Act 1935. The assembly played an important role in the final decade of undivided Bengal. The Leader of the House was the Prime Minister of Bengal. The assembly's lifespan covered the anti-feudal movement of the Krishak Praja Party, the period of World War II, the Lahore Resolution, the Quit India movement, suggestions for a United Bengal and the partition of Bengal and partition of British India.

Many notable speeches were delivered by Bengali statesmen in this assembly. The records of the assembly's proceedings are preserved in the libraries of the Parliament of Bangladesh and the West Bengal Legislative Assembly.
Vrsar airport bombing
The Vrsar airport bombing (Croatian: bombardiranje aerodroma kraj Vrsara) was a Yugoslav Air Force strike on the Crljenka airport near Vrsar—an air sports airport in the Istrian peninsula. The airstrike occurred on 21 December 1991, possibly as an attempt to stop the training of Croatian pilots, who had deserted the Yugoslav Air Force and were being trained in Vrsar. Other than being a training facility, the airport had a significant logistical value. However, since an attack was expected only on the strategically more important Pula Airport (which the JNA had evacuated a little over a month earlier) the airport had little defences, and the Croatians were caught unaware, with the alarm sounding ten minutes after the attack. Two people were killed in the raid, while the airport was damaged.

Yugoslav Air Force
The Air Force and Air Defence (Serbo-Croatian: Ратно ваздухопловство и противваздушна одбрана, Ratno vazduhoplovstvo i protivvazdušna odbrana; abbr. РВ и ПВО/RV i PVO), was one of three branches of the Yugoslav People's Army, the Yugoslav military. Commonly referred-to as the Yugoslav Air Force, at its height it was among the largest in Europe. The branch was disbanded in 1992 after the Breakup of Yugoslavia. In the year 1990, the Air Force had more than 32,000 personnel, but as a result of its more technical requirements, the Air Force had less than 4,000 conscripts.
2003 World Matchplay
The 2003 Stan James World Matchplay was a darts tournament held in the Empress Ballroom at the Winter Gardens, Blackpool.

This was the fourth World Matchplay tournament to be sponsored by UK bookmaker Stan James. The tournament ran from 27 July–2 August 2003, and was won by Phil Taylor.

Empress Ballroom
53°49′01″N 3°03′00″W﻿ / ﻿53.817°N 3.050°W﻿ / 53.817; -3.050

The Empress Ballroom is an entertainment venue in Blackpool, Lancashire, England. It is located within the Winter Gardens, a large entertainment complex in the town centre.

As part of the Winter Gardens, the ballroom is a Grade II* Listed Building. It is operated by Crown Leisure Ltd, on behalf of Blackpool Council, who purchased the property from Leisure Parcs Ltd as part of a £40 million deal in 2010.

It hosts a variety of events including conferences, concerts, dance and darts competitions as well as trade fairs, and for the first time (in August 2018) the British Beard & Moustache Championships. It has hosted the main annual conferences for all three major British political parties: the Conservative Party Conference, Labour Party Conference and the twice-annual Liberal Democrat Conference, as well as those of a number of trade unions.
Kotiv, Ternopil Oblast
Kotiv (Ukrainian: Котів) is a village in Ternopil Raion of Ternopil Oblast, Ukraine. It belongs to Saranchuky rural hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.

Until 18 July 2020, Kotiv belonged to Berezhany Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Ternopil Oblast to three. The area of Berezhany Raion was merged into Ternopil Raion.

Ternopil Raion
Ternopil Raion (Ukrainian: Тернопільський район) is a raion in Ternopil Oblast, western Ukraine. Its administrative center is Ternopil. It has a population of 559,357 (2022 estimate).

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Ternopil Oblast was reduced to three, and the area of Ternopil Raion was significantly expanded. Six abolished raions, Berezhany, Kozova, Pidhaitsi, Pidvolochysk, Terebovlia, and Zboriv Raions, a part of one more abolished raion, Zbarazh Raion, as well as Berezhany Municipality and the city of Ternopil, which was previously incorporated as a city of oblast significance and did not belong to the raion, were merged into Ternopil Raion. The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 67,199 (2020 est.).
Louis Paul Émile Richard
Louis Paul Émile Richard (31 March 1795 – 11 March 1849) was a French mathematician and teacher at the Collège Louis-le-Grand. Although he published nothing himself, he was known for his inspiring teaching and was one of the teachers of Évariste Galois.

Richard was born in Rennes where his father was an artillery colonel. A physical injury in childhood prevented him from following a military career. This made him become a mathematics teacher for military aspirants, first at the lycée at Douai, then at the Collège de Pontivy (from 1815), Collège Saint-Louis (from 1820) and finally the Collège Louis-le-Grand  (from 1822). Students from the college typically went into the École Polytechnique and École Normale Supérieure. His students included Evariste Galois, Urbain Le Verrier, Joseph Serret, and Charles Hermite.

Urbain Le Verrier
Urbain Jean Joseph Le Verrier (French: [yʁbɛ̃ ʒɑ̃ ʒozɛf lə vɛʁje]; 11 March 1811 – 23 September 1877) was a French astronomer and mathematician who specialized in celestial mechanics and is best known for predicting the existence and position of Neptune using only mathematics.

The calculations were made to explain discrepancies with Uranus's orbit and the laws of Kepler and Newton. Le Verrier sent the coordinates to Johann Gottfried Galle in Berlin, asking him to verify. Galle found Neptune the same night he received Le Verrier's letter, within 1° of the predicted position.

The discovery of Neptune is widely regarded as a dramatic validation of celestial mechanics, and is one of the most remarkable moments of 19th-century science.
Abercrombie Caves
The Abercrombie Caves, contained within the Abercrombie Karst Conservation Reserve, are a series of limestone arch caves that are located in the Central West region of New South Wales, Australia. The caves are renowned for their karst qualities, namely the formation that has been eroded by water action that has developed from a sinkhole to become a blind valley. Several good examples of crayback formations exist in both entrances.

The 1,434-hectare (3,540-acre) reserve is situated 75 kilometres (47 mi) south of Bathurst and 125 kilometres (78 mi) north of Goulburn, near the small village of Trunkey Creek. The caves are registered as a natural heritage site on the Register of the National Estate for its large diversity of karst morphological and sedimentological features. Camping in the reserve is permitted, with sixty campground sites and two cottages. The caves are open seven days a week during school holidays; and closed on Monday and Tuesday during school terms.

Goulburn
Goulburn (/ɡoʊlbərn/ GOHL-bərn) is a regional city in the Southern Tablelands of New South Wales, Australia, approximately 195 kilometres (121 mi) south-west of Sydney and 90 kilometres (56 mi) north-east of Canberra. It was proclaimed as Australia's first inland city through letters patent by Queen Victoria in 1863. Goulburn had a population of 24,565 as of the 2021 census. Goulburn is the seat of Goulburn Mulwaree Council.

Goulburn is a railhead on the Main Southern line, and regional health & government services centre, supporting the surrounding pastoral industry as well as being a stopover for travellers on the Hume Highway. It has a central historic park and many historic and listed buildings. It is also home to the monument the Big Merino, a sculpture that is the world's largest concrete sheep.
Oliver Maric
Oliver Marić (born 11 March 1981) is a Croatian–Swiss former football player and current assistant manager of FC Stade Nyonnais.

He was previously a member of FC Wohlen, FC Schaffhausen, FC Lucerne and Servette FC. While growing up in Lucerne, Marić's family comes from Primošten on the Croatian coast.

FC Schaffhausen
FC Schaffhausen is a Swiss football team from the town of Schaffhausen. The club currently play in the Promotion League, the third tier of Swiss football after relegation from Challenge League in 2024–25.
Stanley, Minnesota
Stanley is an unincorporated community in Isanti Township, Isanti County, Minnesota, United States.

Stanley is located east of Cambridge at the junction of Lever Street NE and 321st Avenue NE.

Nearby is Lake Fannie, also spelled Lake Fanny.

Isanti County Roads 12 and 19; and State Highway 95 (MN 95) are also nearby.

Minnesota State Highway 95
Minnesota State Highway 95 (MN 95) is a 126.892-mile-long (204.213 km) highway in east-central Minnesota, which runs from its intersection with State Highway 23 near St. Cloud and continues east and south to its southern terminus at its intersection with U.S. Highways 61 / 10 (co-signed) at Cottage Grove.

This highway has two distinct segments (East–west section and a north–south section) that meet at Taylors Falls.

MN 95 passes through the cities of Princeton, Cambridge, North Branch, Taylors Falls, Stillwater, and Lakeland.
Stroud Sleeman Cash Spiel
The Stroud Sleeman Cashspiel is an annual bonspiel, or curling tournament. It takes place at the Stroud Curling Club in Stroud, Ontario. The tournament has been held as part of the men's and women's Ontario Curling Tour, and included on the World Curling Tour from 2013 to 2019.

Innisfil
Innisfil is a town in Ontario, Canada, located on the western shore of Lake Simcoe in Simcoe County, immediately south of Barrie and 80 kilometres (50 mi) north of Toronto. It has historically been a rural area, but  since it is geographically sandwiched between the high-growth areas of Barrie and the York Region, there has been growing residential development in Innisfil.
Txt2tags
txt2tags is a document generator software that uses a lightweight markup language. txt2tags is free software under GNU General Public License.

Written in Python, it can export documents to several formats including: HTML, XHTML, SGML, LaTeX, Lout, roff, MediaWiki, Google Code Wiki, DokuWiki, MoinMoin, MagicPoint, PageMaker and plain text.

XHTML
Extensible HyperText Markup Language (XHTML) is part of the family of XML markup languages which mirrors or extends versions of the widely used HyperText Markup Language (HTML), the language in which Web pages are formulated.

While HTML, prior to HTML5, was defined as an application of Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML), a flexible markup language framework, XHTML is an application of XML, a more restrictive subset of SGML. XHTML documents are well-formed and may therefore be parsed using standard XML parsers, unlike HTML, which requires a lenient, HTML-specific parser.

XHTML 1.0 became a World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) recommendation on 26 January 2000. XHTML 1.1 became a W3C recommendation on 31 May 2001. XHTML is now referred to as "the XML syntax for HTML" and being developed as an XML adaptation of the HTML living standard.
Van der Kolk
Van der Kolk is a Dutch toponymic surname, meaning "from/of the kolk". The surname Van der Wiel has a same origin. It could also have referred to a specific settlement or water named De Kolk.  People with the surname include:

Bessel van der Kolk (born 1943), Dutch psychiatrist

Henk Van der Kolk, Canadian film producer

Jacobus Schroeder van der Kolk (1797–1862), Dutch physician

Kirsten van der Kolk (born 1975), Dutch rower

Marie José van der Kolk (born 1974), Dutch singer known as Loona

Nick van der Kolk, American podcaster and actor

Niels van der Kolk (born 1970), Dutch water-polo player

Kirsten van der Kolk
Kirsten Irene Merian van der Kolk (born 18 December 1975, in Haarlem) is a rower from the Netherlands.

Together with Marit van Eupen she participated at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney where they finished in sixth position in the lightweight double sculls. Four years later, they took part in Athens at the 2004 Summer Olympics, where they won the bronze medal. After those Olympics she retired from rowing and gave birth to a child. Less than one year before the 2008 Summer Olympics, she decided to return and became a team again with Marit van Eupen, who had become three times world champion in the non-Olympic lightweight single sculls (LW1x) during the absence of van der Kolk. In 2008, they came second in the Rowing World Cup meeting in Luzern and they qualified themselves for their third Olympics. On 17 August 2008, they won Olympic gold.
Logan (whisky)
Logan is a blended Scotch whisky brand created in 1903 and belonging to Diageo.

It contains a blend of 24 grain and malt whiskies, including Lagavulin, Craigellachie and Glen Elgin.

Logan was created by White Horse Distillers. In 1927 the company was absorbed into the Distillers Company Ltd, (DCL), one of the founding companies of Diageo.

Logan has a strong presence in the Portuguese market.

Craigellachie distillery
57°29′19″N 03°11′05″W﻿ / ﻿57.48861°N 3.18472°W﻿ / 57.48861; -3.18472

Craigellachie distillery is a single malt Scotch whisky distillery in the village of Craigellachie at the centre of the Speyside whisky producing area of Scotland. The name Craigellachie means 'rocky hill' and refers to the cliff that overlooks the Spey across from The Macallan distillery.

John Dewar & Sons, Ltd operates the distillery. Dewar's also controls Royal Brackla, Aberfeldy, Aultmore, and Macduff.
Josh Kun
Josh Kun is an American author, academic and music critic. Kun is Professor of Communication and Journalism and chair in Cross-Cultural Communication in the Annenberg School at the University of Southern California. He also holds a joint appointment at USC's Department of American Studies and Ethnicity. He is the director of USC Annenberg's School of Communication, director of the Popular Music Project at USC Annenberg's the Norman Lear Center and co-editor of the book series Refiguring American Music for Duke University Press.

Kun serves on the boards of Dublab, Los Angeles Contemporary Exhibitions, and the Latin American Cinemateca, and on the editorial boards of American Quarterly, the International Journal of Communication, and the Journal of Popular Music Studies. He has also worked as a consultant and curator with the Los Angeles Public Library, the Walt Disney Concert Hall, the Autry National Center, and the Santa Monica Museum of Art. He is a 2016 MacArthur Fellow.

International Journal of Communication
The International Journal of Communication is an open access peer-reviewed academic journal covering studies on communication. The founding editor-in-chief was Larry Gross (USC Annenberg School for Communication and Journalism) and it is published by the USC Annenberg Press (University of Southern California). Starting with Volume 18 in January 2024 the editor-in-chief is Silvio Waisbord of George Washington University. The journal was established in 2007 and is abstracted and indexed by the Social Sciences Citation Index, Current Contents/Social & Behavioral Sciences, and EBSCOhost. As of January 2024 the Journal has 150,000 registered users around the globe.

The journal publishes continuously, posting articles as soon as they are accepted.
Paul Reuter (composer)
Paul Reuter (St. Louis, 1945) is an American composer.

He received his Master of Arts in Music Composition from the University of Missouri-Columbia, and he studied in the United Kingdom with Peter Maxwell Davies.

His compositions have been performed by the St. Louis Symphony Orchestra, the Hartford Symphony Orchestra, the Fires of London, guitarist Timothy Walker, The 442s, soprano Christine Brewer, St. Louis Women's Chorale and others. His works have been broadcast on National Public Radio, American Public Radio, and the BBC.

Reuter was Executive Director of the Sheldon Concert Hall and is currently the Executive Director ex officio of Arts & Faith St. Louis.

St. Louis Symphony Orchestra
The St. Louis Symphony Orchestra (SLSO) is an American symphony orchestra based in St. Louis, Missouri. Founded in 1880 by Joseph Otten as the St. Louis Choral Society, the St. Louis Symphony Orchestra is the second-oldest professional symphony orchestra in the United States, preceded only by the New York Philharmonic. Its principal concert venue is Powell Hall, located in midtown St. Louis.
Haplogroup H (mtDNA)
Haplogroup H is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup. The clade was believed to have originated in West Asia, near present-day Syria, around 20,000 to 25,000 years ago. However, a specimen has been found in South Italy from 28,000 years ago, in Paglicci Cave. Mitochondrial haplogroup H is today predominantly found in Europe, and is believed to have evolved before the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). It first expanded in the northern Near East and Southern Caucasus, and later migrations from Iberia suggest that the clade reached Europe before the Last Glacial Maximum. The haplogroup has also spread from West Asia to parts of Africa, Siberia and Inner Asia. Today, around 40% of all maternal lineages in Europe belong to haplogroup H.

FamilyTreeDNA
FamilyTreeDNA is a division of Gene by Gene, a commercial genetic testing company based in Houston, Texas.  FamilyTreeDNA offers analysis of autosomal DNA, Y-DNA, and mitochondrial DNA to individuals for genealogical purpose. With a database of more than two million records, it is the most popular company worldwide for Y-DNA and mitochondrial DNA, and the fourth most popular for autosomal DNA. In Europe, it is the most common also for autosomal DNA. FamilyTreeDNA as a division of Gene by Gene were acquired by MYDNA, Inc., an Australian company, in January 2021.
Flag City Sluggers
The Flag City Sluggers are a collegiate summer baseball team that competes in the Great Lakes Summer Collegiate League (GLSCL), one of eight leagues formed under the National Alliance of College Summer Baseball (NACSB). The team plays at Fifth Third Field at Marathon Diamonds. Their mascot is Slider, a blue slug swinging a baseball bat.

Slug
Slug or land slug is a common name for any apparently shell-less terrestrial gastropod mollusc. The word slug is also often used as part of the common name of any gastropod mollusc that has no shell, a very reduced shell, or only a small internal shell, particularly sea slugs and semi-slugs (this is in contrast to the common name snail, which applies to gastropods that have a coiled shell large enough that they can fully retract their soft parts into it).

Various taxonomic families of land slugs form part of several quite different evolutionary lineages, which also include snails. Thus, the various families of slugs are not closely related, despite the superficial similarity in overall body form. The shell-less condition has arisen many times independently as an example of convergent evolution, and thus the category "slug" is polyphyletic.
Argyle, Florida
Argyle is an unincorporated community in Walton County, Florida, United States. The community is located on U.S. Route 90, 4.2 miles (6.8 km) east of DeFuniak Springs. Argyle has a post office with ZIP code 32422.

DeFuniak Springs, Florida
DeFuniak Springs (/dəˈfjuːniːæk/ də-FEW-nee-ak) is a city in and the county seat of Walton County, Florida, United States. The population was 5,919 as of the 2020 Census, up from 5,177 at the 2010 census. Crestview–Fort Walton Beach–Destin metropolitan area.

DeFuniak Springs is home to Lake DeFuniak, one of two spring-fed lakes in the world that is nearly perfectly round.

DeFuniak Springs serves as a hub for residents in surrounding rural and unincorporated communities. Areas such as Paxton, Mossy Head, Ponce de Leon, and others in between utilize the services of DeFuniak Springs.
Miniopterus bat coronavirus 1
Miniopterus bat coronavirus 1 (Mi-BatCoV 1) is the first coronavirus found in bats, sampled in summer 2003 and published in February 2005.

It is a enveloped, single-stranded positive-sense RNA virus species in the Alphacoronavirus, or Group 1, genus with a corona-like morphology. Isolates have not been found in humans.

Viral envelope
A viral envelope is the outermost layer of many types of viruses. It protects the genetic material in their life cycle when traveling between host cells. Not all viruses have envelopes. A viral envelope protein or E protein is a protein in the envelope, which may be acquired by the capsid from an infected host cell.