hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Toubou Front for the Salvation of Libya
The Toubou Front for the Salvation of Libya (Arabic: جبهة التبو لإنقاذ ليبيا, romanized: Jibhat al-tibū li-inqādh Lībiyā; French: Front Toubou pour la Salut de la Libye) is a group created in mid-2007 to defend the rights and interests of the Toubou people in Libya. It is led by Jomode Eli Getty  and Issa Abdel Majid Mansur, in France 2 activist Libyan Toubou tribal leader, and has its headquarters in Oslo, Norway. The group, which had participated in the Libyan Civil War on the NTC side, was disbanded in August 2011, with the fall of Tripoli.

The group was revived in March 2012, with the aim of "protecting the Toubou from ethnic cleansing", following the early 2012 deadly clashes between Toubou and Arab militias in southern Libya, which caused the loss of hundreds of lives.

Battle of Tripoli (2011)
The Battle of Tripoli (Arabic: ﻣﻌﺮﻛﺔ ﻃﺮﺍﺑﻠﺲ ma'arakat Ṭarābulis), sometimes referred to as the Fall of Tripoli (Arabic: سقوط طرابلس suqūt Ṭarābulis), was a military confrontation in Tripoli, Libya, between loyalists of Muammar Gaddafi, the longtime leader of Libya, and the National Transitional Council, which was attempting to overthrow Gaddafi and take control of the capital. The battle began on 20 August 2011, six months after the First Libyan Civil War started, with an uprising within the city; rebel forces outside the city planned an offensive to link up with elements within Tripoli, and eventually take control of the nation's capital.

The rebels codenamed the assault "Operation Mermaid Dawn"(Arabic: ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻓﺠﺮ ﻋﺮﻭﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ʻamaliyyat fajr ʻarūsat el-baḥr). Tripoli's nickname is "The Mermaid" (Arabic: ﻋﺮﻭﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ʻarūsat el-baḥr) (literally "bride of the sea").
Platypleura haglundi
Platypleura haglundi is a medium-sized African cicada species, that occurs from northern South Africa to Zimbabwe, where it is found in diverse habitats. In South Africa it has been recorded in North West, the northern Free State, Northern Province, Gauteng, Mpumalanga and Kwazulu-Natal. The type was collected in Weenen Game Reserve, KwaZulu-Natal.

It has deep ochre hind-wings like its congeners, with a complete black border. The abdomen is black with an incomplete terminal white band. The species feeds on Acacia, Dichrostachys cinerea and Delonix regia. The adults are active from October to March. As with other southern African cicadas, they would generally emerge later at more southerly latitudes, and usually after seasonal rains.

It forms part of a southern African radiation in the Platypleura that started during the Miocene. A larger species of the southern African radiation, P. capensis, replaces it in the Cape fynbos regions.

Delonix regia
Delonix regia is a species of flowering plant in the bean family Fabaceae, subfamily Caesalpinioideae native to Madagascar. It is noted for its fern-like leaves and flamboyant display of orange-red flowers over summer. In many tropical parts of the world it is grown as an ornamental tree. It is a non-nodulating legume.

Although its country of origin was unknown, it had been in widespread cultivation for centuries. Finally, in 1932, a natural colony was discovered on the west coast of Madagascar by J. Leandri.
Agustín Acuña
Agustín Acuña Méndez (May 4, 1922 – March 18, 2016) was a Chilean farmer and politician.

He served as Deputy for the Twenty-Second Departamental Group (Valdivia, Panguipulli, La Unión and Río Bueno) in 1969–73 and again in 1973 until the dissolution of Congress.

Panguipulli
Panguipulli (/ˌpæŋɡiˈpuːji/ PANG-gee-POO-yee; Mapudungun for "hill of the puma") is a city and commune in Valdivia Province, southern Chile, administered by the Municipality of Panguipulli.   It is located on the western edge of Panguipulli Lake, and is on a moraine in the Chilean Central Valley. Most of the commune lies on Andean mountains and valleys.

The commune is rich in hydropower resources and contains large tracts of protected areas such as national parks and nature reserves.
George E. Dolezal
George E. Dolezal (November 8, 1919 – June 10, 1990) was an American judge and politician.

Born in Chicago, Illinois, Dolezal lived in Berwyn, Illinois and went to the Berwyn public schools. He served in the United States Army during World War II. Dolezal graduated from DePaul University and John Marshall Law School. He practiced law in Berwyn. He served on the Berwyn City Council from 1953 to 1956. Dolezal served in the Illinois House of Representatives from 1957 to 1965. He then served as the first Republican mayor of Berwyn from 1965 to 1968. Dolezal was elected to the Illinois Circuit Court for Cook County, Illinois. After retiring from the circuit court, Dolezal moved to Duck Key, Florida. He served on the Monroe County, Florida Board of Commissioners and was president of the county board. Dolezal died at his home in Murphy, North Carolina.

University of Illinois Chicago School of Law
The University of Illinois Chicago School of Law (UIC Law) is the law school of the University of Illinois Chicago, a public research university in Chicago, Illinois. Founded in 1899, it became affiliated with the university in 2019. The school offers programs for both part-time and full-time students, with both day and night classes available, and offers January enrollment.
Lövstabruk
Lövstabruk is a village on a common in the parish of Österlövsta, Tierp Municipality, Uppsala County, Sweden. In 2010 it had a population of 96, compared to some 1300 at its height during the 18th century.  The word lövsta is derived from lösta, an old Swedish word for "glade".  The contemporary spelling in the 18th century was Leufsta, with French orthography reflecting the Walloon origin of the workforce.  The latter part of the name, bruk, means both "mill town" and "ironworks".

Common land
Common land  is collective land (sometimes only open to those whose nation governs the land) in which all persons have certain common rights, such as to allow their livestock to graze upon it, to collect wood, or to cut turf for fuel. A person who has a right in, or over, common land jointly with another or others is usually called a commoner.

In Great Britain, common land or former common land is usually referred to as a common; for instance, Clapham Common and Mungrisdale Common. Due to enclosure, the extent of common land is now much reduced from the hundreds of square kilometres that existed until the 17th century, but a considerable amount of common land still exists, particularly in upland areas. There are over 8,000 registered commons in England alone.
Pett Productions
Pett Productions was an independent production company, established by Bob Mortimer, Vic Reeves and Lisa Clark in 2001. The company was based at the Maidstone Studios in Maidstone, Kent and has produced several television shows in comedy, reality, documentary and internet format. It was dissolved in May 2015.

Bob Mortimer
Robert Renwick Mortimer (born 23 May 1959) is an English comedian, television presenter, writer and actor. He is one half of the comedy double act Reeves and Mortimer with Vic Reeves, and appears in the Mortimer & Whitehouse: Gone Fishing series with Paul Whitehouse.  He has appeared on TV panel shows such as Would I Lie to You? and Taskmaster.
1695 Walbeck
1695 Walbeck, provisional designation 1941 UO, is a carbonaceous asteroid from the central region of the asteroid belt, approximately 19 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 15 October 1941, by Finnish astronomer Liisi Oterma at Turku Observatory in Southwest Finland, and named after Henrik Walbeck.

Iso-Heikkilä Observatory
Iso-Heikkilä Observatory (Finnish: Iso-Heikkilän tähtitorni, Swedish: Storheikkilä observatorium) is an amateur astronomical observatory used by a local amateur astronomical association, Turun Ursa ry in the Iso-Heikkilä district of Turku, Finland.

Referred to as Turku Observatory (062) by the Minor Planet Center, it was previously operated by the University of Turku from 1937 to 1972, and is the observatory where several Finnish discoverers of minor planets made their observations.
Presidential palace
A presidential palace is the official residence of the president in some countries. Some presidential palaces were once the official residences to monarchs in former monarchies that were preserved as those states transitioned into republics. Some other presidential palaces were once the official residencies of governors in former colonies or subnational divisions that were preserved as these gained full independence.

Administrative division
Administrative divisions (also administrative units, administrative regions, subnational entities, or constituent states, as well as many similar generic terms) are geographical areas into which a particular independent sovereign state is divided. Such a unit usually has an administrative authority with the power to take administrative or policy decisions for its area. Administrative divisions are often used as polygons in geospatial analysis.
Lisi Raskin
Lisi Raskin (born 1974) is an artist known for creating large-scale, architectural environments that refer to the often clandestine fallout shelters and missile silos constructed during the Cold War. Raskin performs rigorous field research in order to understand these architectures and the stories embedded within them. In an effort to articulate the nuance of alternate narratives, Raskin often stages performances and displays discrete art objects ranging from drawings and paintings to sculpture within their installations. Often Raskin employs the assistance of their male, German, alter-ego, Herr Doktor Wolfgang Hauptman to exorcise repressed cultural narratives that lurk in their choice of subject matter.

Field research
Field research, field studies, or fieldwork is the collection of raw data outside a laboratory, library, or workplace setting. The approaches and methods used in field research vary across disciplines. For example, biologists who conduct field research may simply observe animals interacting with their environments, whereas social scientists conducting field research may interview or observe people in their natural environments to learn their languages, folklore, and social structures.

Field research involves a range of well-defined, although variable, methods: informal interviews, direct observation, participation in the life of the group, collective discussions, analyses of personal documents produced within the group, self-analysis, results from activities undertaken off- or on-line, and life-histories. Although the method generally is characterized as qualitative research, it may (and often does) include quantitative dimensions.
Air-to-cloth ratio
The air-to-cloth ratio is the volumetric flow rate of air (m3/minute; SI m3/second) flowing through a dust collector's inlet duct divided by the total cloth area (m2) in the filters. The result is expressed in units of velocity.

The air-to-cloth ratio is typically between 1.5 and 3.5 metres per minute, mainly depending on the concentration of dust loading.

Velocity
Velocity is a measurement of speed in a certain direction of motion. It is a fundamental concept in kinematics, the branch of classical mechanics that describes the motion of physical objects. Velocity is a vector quantity, meaning that both magnitude and direction are needed to define it (velocity vector). The scalar absolute value (magnitude) of velocity is called speed, a quantity that is measured in metres per second (m/s or m⋅s−1) in the SI (metric) system. For example, "5 metres per second" is a scalar, whereas "5 metres per second east" is a vector. If there is a change in speed, direction or both, then the object is said to be undergoing an acceleration.
Inland dotterel
The inland dotterel (Peltohyas australis) is an endemic bird of the arid Australian interior. It forms loose flocks in sparsely vegetated gibber plain and claypans in the day where it loafs in the shade and eats shoots of shrubs. It is most often encountered at night when it forages on roads for insects. The relative remoteness of its habitat means that it is not well studied. The most detailed observations of the species were made by the South African arid-zone ornithology specialist Gordon Maclean in the 1970s. Alternate English names include Australian plover, inland plover, desert plover and prairie plover.

Desert pavement
A desert pavement, also called reg (in western Sahara), serir (in eastern Sahara), gibber (in Australia), hamada (western Sahara and Middle East), or saï (in central Asia) is a desert surface covered with closely packed, interlocking angular or rounded rock fragments of pebble and cobble size. They typically top alluvial fans. Desert varnish collects on the exposed surface rocks over time. The presence of desert pavement typically is used as an indicator for the aridity of an area and the relative age of geomorphic surfaces.

Geologists debate the mechanics of pavement formation and their age. Studies look at pavements on alluvial surfaces and show that older surfaces have more developed pavements with small, angular rocks that are well sorted and tightly packed together.
Georgia State Route 95
State Route 95 (SR 95) is a 7.8-mile-long (12.6 km) state highway that travels southeast-to-northwest entirely within the northeastern portion of Walker county in the northwestern part of the U.S. state of Georgia. It connects the Catlett area with Rock Spring. Its southern terminus is an intersection with SR 151 south-southeast of Catlett. Its northern terminus is an intersection with US 27/SR 1 in Rock Spring

Chattahoochee–Oconee National Forest
The Chattahoochee–Oconee National Forest in northern Georgia comprises two United States National Forests, the Oconee National Forest in eastern Georgia and the Chattahoochee National Forest located in the North Georgia Mountains.  The Chattahoochee National Forest is composed of an eastern and western forest. The western forest contains Johns Mountain, Little Sand Mountain, and Taylor Ridge. The combined total area of the Chattahoochee–Oconee National Forest is 867,265 acres (3,510 km2), of which the Chattahoochee National Forest comprises 751,069 acres (3,039 km2) and the Oconee National Forest comprises 116,196 acres (470 km2).  The county with the largest portion of the eastern forest is Rabun County, Georgia, which has 148,684 acres (601.7 km2) within its boundaries.
Clare Jackson
Janet Clare Louise Jackson FRHistS (born 1972) is a British historian and academic, specialising in early modern Britain. She was senior tutor of Trinity Hall, Cambridge from 2013 to 2023, and is now Walter Grant Scott Fellow in History and Honorary Professor of Early Modern History. In 2022, she was awarded the Wolfson Prize for Devil-Land: England Under Siege, 1588–1688.

Jackson was educated at Loretto School in Musselburgh, Scotland. She studied history at Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge (BA), then undertook a Master of Philosophy (MPhil) degree in history at Aberystwyth University, before returning to Sidney Sussex College for her Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degree and, later, a research fellowship.

Jackson edited The Historical Journal from 2004 to 2011. She has appeared as an expert commentator on the BBC Radio 4 programmes In Our Time and Start the Week, and presented the BBC Two series The Stuarts (2014) and The Stuarts in Exile (2015).

Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge
Sidney Sussex College (historically known as "Sussex College" and today referred to informally as "Sidney") is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge in England. The College was founded in 1596 under the terms of the will of Frances Sidney, Countess of Sussex (1531–1589), wife of Thomas Radclyffe, 3rd Earl of Sussex, and named after its foundress. In her will, Lady Sidney left the sum of £5,000 together with some plate to found a new College at Cambridge University "to be called the Lady Frances Sidney Sussex College". Her executors Sir John Harington and Henry Grey, 6th Earl of Kent, supervised by Archbishop John Whitgift, founded the Protestant College seven years after her death.

Sidney Sussex is one of the smaller colleges at Cambridge, with its sister college being St John's College, Oxford. The student body comprises approximately 355 undergraduates, 275 postgraduates, and around 80 fellows.
Liboje
Liboje (pronounced [liˈboːjɛ]) is a settlement in the Municipality of Žalec in east-central Slovenia. It lies in the hills south of Žalec and southwest of Celje. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. The municipality is now included in the Savinja Statistical Region. It includes the hamlets of Kurja Vas (Slovene: Kurja vas), Straža, and Svetli Dol or Tihi Gaj.

Municipality of Žalec
The Municipality of Žalec (pronounced [ˈʒaːləts] ⓘ; Slovene: Občina Žalec) is a municipality in Slovenia in the traditional region of Styria. The seat of the municipality is the town of Žalec. The municipality was established in its current form on 7 August 1998, when the former larger municipality of Žalec was divided into six smaller municipalities.
Abergele Golf Club
Abergele Golf Club (Welsh: Clwb Golff Abergele) is a golf club located in Abergele, Conwy, Clwyd, Wales. The 18-hole course was formed in 1910 and established itself at its present location in 1968 near Gwrych Castle and is a member of the Community amateur sports club. It was redesigned between 2002 and 2003 to meet United States Golf Association standards allowing its members and visitors to play on the course all-year round. Abergele Golf Club is regarded by many golf publications to be "one of the most picturesque courses in Wales". Becky Brewerton, a member of the Ladies European Tour, has played on the course, and Abergele Golf Club has held several regional and national golf tournaments.

Conwy County Borough
Conwy County Borough (Welsh: Bwrdeistref Sirol Conwy) is a county borough in the north of Wales. It borders Gwynedd to the west and south and Denbighshire to the east. The largest settlement is Colwyn Bay, and Conwy is the administrative centre.

Conwy has an area of 1,126 square kilometres (435 sq mi) and a population of 114,891 in 2024, making it sparsely populated. The population is concentrated along the coast, along which are several seaside resorts and the county's largest towns: Colwyn Bay (34,284), Llandudno (20,701), and Conwy (14,753). Inland is much less populous, and the only town is Llanrwst (3,323).
Aleksander Pulk
Aleksander-Voldemar Pulk (29 September 1886 – 20 August 1941) was an Estonian military personnel (Major-General).

1919-1934 he was the commanding officer of 1st Infantry Regiment. 1934-1936 he was the commanding officer of Pärnu-Viljandi Military District. 1936-1940 he was the commander of 1st Division.

Awards:

1938: Order of the Cross of the Eagle, II class.

Order of the Cross of the Eagle
The Order of the Cross of the Eagle (Estonian: Kotkaristi teenetemärk) was instituted in 1928  by the Estonian Defence League to commemorate the tenth anniversary of Estonian independence. It was adopted as a state order in 1936. The Order of the Cross of the Eagle is bestowed to give recognition for military services and services in the field of national defence. It is awarded in civil and military divisions.  The awards made to members of the military are denoted by the addition of crossed swords to the decoration.
Cransford Meadow
Cransford Meadow is a 4.6-hectare (11-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest south of Cransford in Suffolk.

This unimproved grassland site has a rich variety of flora. There are grasses such as creeping bent, meadow foxtail, sweet vernal-grass, crested dog's tail, perennial rye-grass and rough-stalked meadow-grass. It is one of only two sites in the county for ladies mantle Alchemilla filicaulis vestita.

The site is private land with no public access.

Lolium perenne
Lolium perenne, common name perennial ryegrass, English ryegrass, winter ryegrass, or ray grass, is a grass from the family Poaceae. It is native to Europe, Asia and northern Africa, but is widely cultivated and naturalised around the world.
2008 World Fencing Championships
The 2008 World Fencing Championships were held at the Olympic Green Convention Center in Beijing, China. The event took place from April 18 to April 20, 2008. It had men's team foil and women's team épée, both of which were not held at the 2008 Summer Olympics.

China National Convention Center
The China National Convention Center, previously known as the Olympic Green Convention Center (simplified Chinese: 国家会议中心; traditional Chinese: 國家會議中心; pinyin: Guójiā Huìyì Zhōngxīn) is a convention center located in the Olympic Green in Beijing.
USS Tattnall (DDG-19)
USS Tattnall (DDG-19) was a Charles F. Adams-class guided missile-armed destroyer of the United States Navy. She was named for Commodore Josiah Tattnall III USN (1794–1871)  – also commandant of the CSS Virginia, and an admiral in the Confederate States Navy – who made the adage "blood is thicker than water" a part of American history.

Tattnall was laid down by Avondale Marine at Avondale, Louisiana on 14 November 1960, launched on 26 August 1961 by Mrs. Mary Adams Mason and commissioned on 13 April 1963 at Charleston, S.C.

Blood is thicker than water
Blood is thicker than water is a proverb in English meaning that familial bonds will always be stronger than other relationships. The oldest record of this saying can be traced back to the 12th century in German.
History of English amateur cricket
Cricket, and hence English amateur cricket, probably began in England during the medieval period but the earliest known reference concerns the game being played c.1550 by children on a plot of land at the Royal Grammar School, Guildford, Surrey. It is generally believed that cricket was originally a children's game as it is not until the beginning of the 17th century that reports can be found of adult participation.

Originally, all cricketers were amateurs in the literal sense of the word. Village cricket developed through the 17th century and teams typically comprised players who were all resident in the same village or parish. There is no evidence of professionalism before the English Civil War or during the Commonwealth but legal cases of the period have shown that cricket was played jointly by gentry and workers.

Thomas Waymark
Thomas Waymark (probably baptised 17 June 1705) was an English professional cricketer in the first half of the 18th century. He was probably born at or near to Mitcham in Surrey in June 1705. He is one of the earliest known players on record.
The Road to Hamelin
"The Road to Hamelin" is the thirty-eighth episode of the American television drama series The Killing, which aired on August 4, 2013, as the second of a two-part season finale. The episode is co-written by series executive producers Dawn Prestwich and Nicole Yorkin and directed by Dan Attias. In the episode, frantic to find Adrian (Rowan Longworth), Stephen Holder (Joel Kinnaman) and Sarah Linden (Mireille Enos) voice their suspicions about Carl Reddick (Gregg Henry) to James Skinner (Elias Koteas). Linden later sees a ring from the missing Kallie on Skinner's daughter's finger. She knows Skinner is the killer and must ride with him to find Adrian. Holder must race to save Linden when Adrian is found safe.

Dan Attias
Daniel Attias (born December 4, 1951) is an American television director and producer. He is also director of his only feature film Silver Bullet from 1985, based on the novella by Stephen King. Attias' career has spanned five decades, during which he has directed a significant number of popular primetime television programs, including Miami Vice and Beverly Hills, 90210. He frequently works on series for HBO and has directed episodes of The Sopranos, The Wire, Six Feet Under, True Blood, Entourage and Deadwood. Attias has received two Emmy Award nominations for his directing of Entourage.

He was a regular director for the espionage drama Alias. He has also directed two episodes of Lost.