hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Government Gazette of the State of New South Wales
The Government Gazette of the State of New South Wales, also known as the New South Wales Government Gazette, is the government gazette of the Government of New South Wales in Australia. The Gazette is managed by the New South Wales Parliamentary Counsel's Office.

Government gazette
A government gazette (also known as an official gazette, official journal, official newspaper, official monitor or official bulletin) is a periodical publication that has been authorised to publish public or legal notices. It is usually established by statute or official action, and publication of notices within it, whether by the government or a private party, is usually considered sufficient to comply with legal requirements for public notice.
Gazettes are published either in print, electronically or both.
Needles (Black Hills)
The Needles of the Black Hills of South Dakota are a region of eroded granite pillars, towers, and spires within Custer State Park.  Popular with rock climbers and tourists alike, the Needles are accessed from the Needles Highway, which is a part of Sylvan Lake Road (SD 87/89).  The Cathedral Spires and Limber Pine Natural Area, a 637-acre (258 ha) portion of the Needles containing six ridges of pillars as well as a disjunct stand of limber pine, was designated a National Natural Landmark in 1976.

The Needles were the original site proposed for the Mount Rushmore carvings. The location was rejected by the sculptor Gutzon Borglum owing to the poor quality of the granite and the fact that they were too thin to support the sculptures. The Needles attract approximately 300,000 people annually.

Climbing
Climbing is the activity of using one's hands, feet, or other parts of the body to ascend a steep topographical object that can range from the world's tallest mountains (e.g. the eight thousanders) to small boulders. Climbing is done for locomotion, sporting recreation, for competition, and is also done in trades that rely on ascension, such as construction and military operations. Climbing is done indoors and outdoors, on natural surfaces (e.g. rock climbing and ice climbing), and on artificial surfaces (e.g. climbing walls and climbing gyms).
Sichuan opera
Sichuan opera (Chinese: 川劇; Sichuanese Pinyin: Cuan1ju4; pinyin: Chuānjù) is a type of Chinese opera originating in Sichuan province, China, around 1700. Today's Sichuan opera is a relatively recent synthesis of five historic melodic styles. Chengdu is the main home of Sichuan opera, while other influential locales include Chongqing, Guizhou, Yunnan, Hubei, and Taiwan. Sichuan opera was listed among the first batch of the Chinese Ministry of Culture's "Intangible Cultural Heritage List", announced on 20 May 2006.

Notable characteristics of Sichuan opera include quick changes of masks or personae (known as bian lian or face changing) and the importance of the character of the fool.

Jing role
The Jing (simplified Chinese: 净; traditional Chinese: 淨) is a role type in Chinese opera for "rough" or "mighty" male characters. In many genres (such as Peking opera and Cantonese opera), this role requires heavy face painting. As a result, it is also known as Hualian ("Painted face"). However, not all characters with painted faces fall into this category, with Chou (clowns) being another major painted-face role type.

This type of role will entail a forceful character, so a Jing actor must have a strong voice and be able to exaggerate gestures. Depending on the repertoire of the particular troupe, he will play either primary or secondary roles. The colour and face design represents the identity and personality of the character.
Gokayama
Gokayama (Japanese: 五箇山) is an area within the city of Nanto in Toyama Prefecture, Japan. It has been inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List due to its traditional gasshō-zukuri houses, alongside nearby Shirakawa-gō in Gifu Prefecture. The survival of this traditional architectural style is attributed to the region's secluded location in the upper reaches of the Shōgawa river. This is also the reason that Gokayama's lifestyle and culture remained very traditional for many years after the majority of the country had modernized. Many of the houses surpass 300 years in age.

The Gokayama region includes the former villages of Taira, Kamitaira, and Toga. The gasshō hamlet of Ainokura is located in Taira, while that of Suganuma is in Kamitaira; both are nationally designated Historic Sites.

Municipal mergers and dissolutions in Japan
Municipal mergers and dissolutions carried out in Japan (市町村合併, shichōson gappei) have occurred since the Meiji era to join the facilities and legal boundaries of municipal districts, towns, and cities. Often, these mergers are driven by a necessity to consolidate villages and 'natural settlements' into larger-scale cities as modernization progressed and consolidation was promoted to provide greater access to public facilities and schools.
Jean Shafiroff
Jean Shafiroff (née Lutri) is an American philanthropist, author, advocate, and socialite. Serving on multiple national and regional philanthropic boards, she is the ambassador and spokesperson for  American Humane Feed the Hungry COVID-19 Program. She is the host of the television show "Successful Philanthropy" on  LTV.

Fashion Institute of Technology
The Fashion Institute of Technology (FIT) is a public college under the State University of New York, in New York City. It focuses on art, business, design, mass communication, and technology connected to the fashion industry. It was founded in 1944.
Errol Stewart (sprinter)
Errol Stewart (born 2 March 1950) is a Jamaican former sprinter who competed in the 1968 Summer Olympics. He was born in Kingston, Jamaica. He was also a gold medallist at the 1970 British Commonwealth Games with the Jamaican 4×100 metres relay team.

Stewart was introduced to track and field by running lamp post to lamp post in Kingston, Jamaica to decide who was the fastest on his block. Before 1968, his 100 metres best was only 10.7 seconds, but by the time the Olympics started he improved to 10.1 seconds.

Stewart was an All-American sprinter for the UTEP Miners track and field team, finishing 3rd in the 100 m at the 1972 NCAA University Division Outdoor Track and Field Championships.

Athletics at the 1970 British Commonwealth Games
At the 1970 British Commonwealth Games, the athletics events were held at the Meadowbank Stadium in Edinburgh, Scotland. A total of 36 events were contested, of which 23 by male and 13 by female athletes. This was the first athletics competition at the British Commonwealth Games to feature events in metric units, rather than imperial units. One world record and two Games records were broken at the competition.
Al-Loubiyah
Al-Loubiyah, or  Al-Loubieh (Arabic: اللوبية) is a municipality in south Lebanon 62 km from  and 20 km south of Sidon, 21 km north of Tyre, area 2.23 km2, altitude 144 m.

Al-Loubiyah is also the name for a traditional Lebanese mezze made from green beans, tomatoes, onions, garlic and salt, all sauteed in olive oil.

Meze
Meze (/ˈmɛzeɪ/ MEZ-ay; also spelled mezze or mezé) is a selection of small dishes served as appetizers in Eastern Mediterranean cuisines. It is similar to Spanish tapas and Italian stuzzichini. A meze may be served as a part of a multi-course meal or form a meal in itself. Meze are often served with spirits such as arak, rakia, raki, oghi, ouzo, or grappa at meyhane and ouzeri.
The Magician (musician)
Stephen Fasano, better known by his stage name The Magician, is a Belgian DJ and record producer from Namur, in Belgium. He is best known for his 2011 remix of Lykke Li's "I Follow Rivers", his single "Sunlight" featuring Years & Years and his 2014 remix of Clean Bandit's "Rather Be" which were worldwide hits. In 2014, he received the Electro award during the Belgian ceremony Les Octaves de la musique. 
His monthly mixtapes called Magic Tapes, which he started releasing in the mid-2010s, feature new dance music from an array of genres.

Namur
Namur (French: [namyʁ] ⓘ; Walloon: Nameur; Dutch: Namen [ˈnaːmə(n)] ⓘ) is a city and municipality in Wallonia, Belgium. It is the capital both of the province of Namur and of Wallonia, hosting the Parliament of Wallonia, the Government of Wallonia and its administration.

Namur stands at the confluence of the rivers Sambre and Meuse and straddles three different regions – Hesbaye to the north, Condroz to the south-east, and Entre-Sambre-et-Meuse to the south-west. The city of Charleroi is located to the west. The language spoken is French.

The municipality consists of the following sub-municipalities: Beez, Belgrade, Boninne, Bouge, Champion, Cognelée, Daussoulx, Dave, Erpent, Flawinne, Gelbressée, Jambes, Lives-sur-Meuse, Loyers, Malonne, Marche-les-Dames, Namur proper, Naninne, Saint-Servais, Saint-Marc, Suarlée, Temploux, Vedrin, Wépion, and Wierde.
Chandigarh University
Chandigarh University (CU) is a private university located in Gharuan village of Mohali, India. The university was established on 10 July 2012 by an act of the Punjab State Legislature. It is recognized by the University Grants Commission under Section 2(f) with the right to confer degrees as per Section 22(1) of the UGC Act, 1956.

University Grants Commission Act, 1956
The University Grants Commission Act, 1956 is an Act of the Parliament of India. The Act is sometimes referred to as "the UGC Act" and, among other things, regulates central assistance for public universities.
Berkson error model
The Berkson error model is a description of random error (or misclassification) in measurement. Unlike classical error, Berkson error causes little or no bias in the measurement.  It was proposed by Joseph Berkson in an article entitled “Are there two regressions?,” published in 1950.

An example of Berkson error arises in exposure assessment in epidemiological studies. Berkson error may predominate over classical error in cases where exposure data are highly aggregated. While this kind of error reduces the power of a study, risk estimates themselves are not themselves attenuated (as would be the case where random error predominates).

Power (statistics)
In frequentist statistics, power is the probability of detecting an effect (i.e. rejecting the null hypothesis) given that some prespecified effect actually exists using a given test in a given context. In typical use, it is a function of the specific test that is used (including the choice of test statistic and significance level), the sample size (more data tends to provide more power), and the effect size (effects or correlations that are large relative to the variability of the data tend to provide more power).

More formally, in the case of a simple hypothesis test with two hypotheses, the power of the test is the probability that the test correctly rejects the null hypothesis () when the alternative hypothesis () is true. It is commonly denoted by , where  is the probability of making a type II error (a false negative) conditional on there being a true effect or association.
Dave's Picks Volume 38
Dave's Picks Volume 38 is a three-CD live album by the rock band the Grateful Dead.  It contains the complete concert recorded on September 8, 1973 at Nassau Coliseum in Uniondale, New York.  It also contains two bonus tracks recorded on the previous night at the same venue.  Some copies of the album include a bonus disc with eight more songs from the September 7 concert.  It was released on April 30, 2021 in a limited edition of 25,000 copies.

Dave's Picks Volume 38 was the first live Dead album to include the song "Let Me Sing Your Blues Away", sung by keyboardist Keith Godchaux.  The "Eyes of the World" on the bonus disc was previously released, in slightly edited form, as a bonus track on the 2004 reissue of Wake of the Flood.

The September 7 and 8, 1973 Nassau Coliseum concerts were the first Grateful Dead shows at which Jerry Garcia played his custom Doug Irwin guitar "Wolf".

Bill Kreutzmann
William Kreutzmann Jr. (/ˈkrɔɪtsmɑːn/ KROYTS-mahn; born May 7, 1946) is an American drummer and founding member of the rock band Grateful Dead. He played with the band for its entire thirty-year career, usually alongside fellow drummer Mickey Hart, and has continued to perform with former members of the Grateful Dead in various lineups, and with his own bands BK3, 7 Walkers and Billy & the Kids.
Purple Rain (band)
Purple Rain (Korean: 퍼플레인) was a South Korean rock band, formed during JTBC's  television talent show titled Superband in 2019. The band finished in the third place in the competition and signed with JTBC Studio on 24 October, 2019. They released a single in February 2020, titled "The King Must Die". The band's vocalist, Chae Bohun is also the vocalist and guitarist of alternative rock band The VANE. The band appeared in Immortal Songs: Singing the Legend several times, winning the trophy for the best performance of the night twice. They contributed a song to the soundtrack of the Korean television series My Country: The New Age.

On October 19, 2020, JTBC Studios announced the band had disbanded after officially concluding activities on the 14th. Chae Bo Hoon, Yang Ji Wan, Kim Ha Jin, and Jeong Gwang Hyun would return to their respective agencies while Nau Lee would continue under JTBC after signing an exclusive contract with them.

JTBC
JTBC (shortened from Joongang Tongyang Broadcasting Company; Korean: 제이티비씨; stylized in all lowercase) is a South Korean nationwide pay television network. Its primary shareholder is JoongAng Holdings, with a 25% stake. It was launched on December 1, 2011. JTBC is a generalist channel, with programming consisting of television series, variety shows, and news broadcasting; its news division is held in similar regard to the three main terrestrial networks in South Korea.

In 2011, JTBC was one of four new South Korean nationwide generalist cable TV networks alongside The Dong-A Ilbo's Channel A, The Chosun Ilbo's TV Chosun and Maeil Business Newspaper's MBN. They serve as supplementary networks to the existing conventional free-to-air TV networks like KBS, MBC, SBS and other smaller channels launched following deregulation in 1990.
Goubangzi railway station
Goubangzi railway station (simplified Chinese: 沟帮子站; traditional Chinese: 溝幫子站) is a third-class train station located in the town of Goubangzi, Beizhen, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China on the Beijing–Harbin railway. It was built in 1899, and it is under the jurisdiction of China Railway Shenyang Group.

Jinzhou
Jinzhou (/ˈdʒɪnˈdʒoʊ/, simplified Chinese: 锦州; traditional Chinese: 錦州; pinyin: Jǐnzhōu), formerly Chinchow, is a coastal prefecture-level city in central-west Liaoning province, China. It is a geographically strategic city located in the Liaoxi Corridor, which connects most of the land transports between North China and Northeast China, and is the economic center of western Liaoning.  Located on the northern shore of Liaodong Bay, Jinzhou encompasses a coastline of 97.7 km (60.7 mi), with the Port of Jinzhou being China's northernmost seaport.

It is the fifth-most populous city in Liaoning, with a population of 2,703,853 (2020 census), of whom 1,524,362 reside in the built-up (or metro) area encompassing the 3 urban urban districts and Linghai City largely being conurbated. The total area under the jurisdiction of Jinzhou is 9,989 square kilometers (3,857 sq mi), most of which is rural.
David Robinson (priest)
William David Robinson (15 March 1931 – 12 June 2003) was Archdeacon of Blackburn from 1986 to 1996.

He was educated at Queen Elizabeth's Grammar School, Blackburn and Durham University and ordained in 1958. Standish and Lancaster Priory. He was Vicar of  St James, Blackburn from 1963 to 1973; and priest in charge of St James, Shireshead from 1973 to his appointment as an Archdeacon.

Queen Elizabeth's Grammar School, Blackburn
Queen Elizabeth's Grammar School (QEGS) is a co-educational state-funded comprehensive free school in Blackburn, Lancashire, England. Founded in 1509 as a boys' school, it is now a co-educational all-through free school with over 1200 students from ages 4 to 18. Pupils come from a very wide geographical area, from Bolton to the south and to Colne in the east. It consists of an Infant School (Reception to Year 2), Junior School (Years 3 to 6), Senior School (Years 7 to 11) and Sixth Form.
2024 Credit One Charleston Open – Doubles
Ashlyn Krueger and Sloane Stephens defeated Lyudmyla and Nadiia Kichenok in the final, 1–6, 6–3, [10–7] to win the doubles tennis title at the 2024 Charleston Open. It was both players' first WTA Tour doubles title, and they entered the tournament as wildcards.

Danielle Collins and Desirae Krawczyk were the reigning champions, but Collins chose not participate this year. Krawczyk partnered Caroline Dolehide, but lost in the first round to Eri Hozumi and Makoto Ninomiya.

Desirae Krawczyk
Desirae Marie Krawczyk (English: /ˈdɛzəreɪ ˈkrævtʃɪk/ DEZ-ər-ay KRAV-chik, Polish: [ˈkraft͡ʂɨk]; born January 11, 1994) is an American professional tennis player who specializes in doubles.
She has a career-high doubles ranking of world No. 7, achieved in August 2024, and has won twelve doubles titles on the WTA Tour, including the WTA 1000 Canadian Open in 2024.

Krawczyk is a four-time Grand Slam champion in mixed doubles, having won the 2021 French and US Opens partnering Joe Salisbury, as well as the 2021 and 2022 Wimbledon Championships alongside Neal Skupski. She was also runner-up at the 2020 French Open in women's doubles, partnering Alexa Guarachi, and the pair were semifinalists at the 2021 US Open.
1909 Nobel Prize in Literature
The 1909 Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded to the Swedish author Selma Lagerlöf (1858–1940) "in appreciation of the lofty idealism, vivid imagination and spiritual perception that characterize her writings." She became the first woman and first Swede to be awarded the prize.

Swedish Academy
The Swedish Academy (Swedish: Svenska Akademien), founded in 1786 by King Gustav III, is one of the Royal Academies of Sweden. Its 18 members, who are elected for life, comprise the highest Swedish language authority. Outside Scandinavia, it is best known as the body that chooses the laureates for the annual Nobel Prize in Literature, awarded in memory of the donor Alfred Nobel.
MFF Charity Cup
The MFF Charity Cup is Myanmar football's annual match contested between the champions of the previous Myanmar National League season and the holders of the General Aung San Shield at Aung San Stadium. If the Myanmar National League champions also won the General Aung San Shield then the league runners-up provide the opposition.

Organised by the Myanmar Football Federation, proceeds from the game are distributed to community-based initiatives and charities around the country. Revenue from the gate receipts. The fixture was first played in the 2012 season, replacing the MFF Opening Cup.

Football in Myanmar
Football is the most popular sport in Myanmar. Approximately a quarter of the people in Myanmar are interested in football. The Myanmar Football Federation (MFF) is the governing body of football in Myanmar. It was formed in 1947 as the Burmese Football Federation. The MFF joined FIFA in 1952 and AFC in 1954.
1995 Brighton International – Doubles
Manon Bollegraf and Larisa Neiland were the defending champions, but competed this year with different partners.

Bollegraf teamed up with Nicole Arendt and lost in quarterfinals to Maria Lindström and Maria Strandlund.

Neiland teamed up with Meredith McGrath and successfully defended her title, by defeating Lori McNeil and Helena Suková 7–5, 6–1 in the final.

Maria Lindström
Maria Lindström (born 7 March 1963) is a Swedish former tennis player. She won two doubles WTA titles as well as a further ten doubles ITF tournaments during her career. On 15 February 1988, Lindström reached a singles ranking high of world number 87 and on 23 October 1995 ranked world number 44 in doubles.

Lindström appeared 22 times for the Sweden Fed Cup team and represented her country in women's doubles with Catarina Lindqvist at the 1992 Summer Olympics.
When It's Lamp Lighting Time in the Valley
When It's Lamp Lighting Time in the Valley is a 1933 country ballad to a waltz melody with words and music by Joe Lyons, Sam C. Hart and The Vagabonds, Curt Poulton, Herald Goodman, and Dean Upson. The song was a hit by The Vagabonds. The song lyrics are about one who longs for his mother, who is far away in a valley. Marty Robbins later covered the song. Other singers who has recorded the song include Tex Ritter and Wayne King.

In 1936, Larry Vincent and Harry Pease released a song with the same melody titled "When the Sun Says Goodnight to the Mountain". This song was later translated into French and became popular in Canada as "Quand le soleil dit bonjour aux montanges", and a bilingual cover by Lucille Starr became an international hit and Canada's first single to sell more than a million copies.

Waltz
The waltz (from German  Walzer [ˈvaltsɐ] ⓘ, meaning "to roll or revolve") is a ballroom and folk dance, in triple ( 34 ) time, performed primarily in closed position. Along with the ländler and allemande, the waltz was sometimes referred to by the generic term German Dance in publications during the late 18th and early 19th centuries.
Joanna Drew
Joanna Drew CBE (1929–2003) was an English art gallery director and arts administrator. She worked for the Arts Council for nearly four decades, and was director of the Hayward Gallery from 1987 until 1992. She was once described as "unquestionably the most important individual in the British art scene".

Arts Council of Great Britain
The Arts Council of Great Britain was a non-departmental public body dedicated to the promotion of the fine arts in Great Britain. It was divided in 1994 to form the Arts Council of England (now Arts Council England), the Scottish Arts Council (later merged into Creative Scotland), and the Arts Council of Wales. At the same time the National Lottery was established and these three arts councils, plus the Arts Council of Northern Ireland, became distribution bodies.
René Massigli
René Massigli GCVO KBE CH (French: [ʁəne masiɡli]; 22 March 1888 – 3 February 1988) was a French diplomat who played a leading role as a senior official at the Quai d'Orsay and was regarded as one of the leading French experts on Germany, which he greatly distrusted.

Rhineland
The Rhineland (German: Rheinland [ˈʁaɪ̯nˌlant] ⓘ; Dutch: Rijnland; Kölsch: Rhingland; Latin: Rhenania) is a loosely defined area of western Germany along the Rhine, chiefly its middle section, sometimes encompassing parts of Belgium. It is the main industrial heartland of Germany because of its many factories, and it has historic ties to the Holy Roman Empire, Prussia, and the German Empire.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 2722
United Nations Security Council Resolution 2722 was adopted on 10 January 2024. According to the resolution, the Security Council called for the Houthis in Yemen to immediately cease all attacks on merchant and commercial vessels and to release the captured ship Galaxy Leader and its crew.

Algeria, China, Mozambique and Russia abstained from voting.

Two days later the United States and the United Kingdom, with support from Australia, Bahrain, Canada, New Zealand, the Netherlands and South Korea, launched a series of air and missile strikes against the Houthis.

Galaxy Leader
Galaxy Leader is a roll-on/roll-off vehicle carrier built in 2002 at Stocznia Gdynia in Gdynia, Poland. It was operated by the Japanese shipping company Nippon Yusen, and owned by Galaxy Maritime Ltd., which in turn is owned by Ray Car Carriers, Ltd., which is co-owned by Israeli businessman Abraham Ungar. In November 2023, the ship was hijacked by Houthis, who seized the ship and took its 25 crew members hostage in Yemen. The ship was struck by the Israeli Air Force in July 2025.