hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Patalkot, Nepal
Patalkot is a village in Achham District in the Seti Zone of western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census, the village had a population of 1753 living in 420 houses. At the time of the 2001 Nepal census, the population was 2176, of which 29% was literate.

2001 Nepal census
The 2001 Nepal census (Nepali: राष्ट्रिय जनगणना २०५८) was conducted by the Nepal Central Bureau of Statistics. According to the census, the population of Nepal in 2001 was 23,151,423.

Working with Nepal's Village Development Committees at a district level, data was  recorded from all the main towns and villages of each district of Nepal. The data included statistics on population size, households, sex and age distribution, place of birth, residence characteristics, literacy, marital status, religion, language spoken, caste/ethnic group, economically active population, education, number of children, employment status, and occupation.
Izbașa
Izbașa is a Romanian surname. It derives from the Turkish word yüzbaș which means "head over 100, centurion". People with the surname include:

Sandra Izbașa (born 1990), Romanian artistic gymnast

Stana Izbașa (born 1947), Romanian folk singer

Sandra Izbașa
Sandra Raluca Izbașa (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈsandra izˈbaʃa]; born 18 June 1990) is a retired artistic gymnast from Romania. She is a double Olympic champion, having won the floor event at the 2008 Olympics and vault at the 2012 Olympics. She is also a winner of two Olympic bronze medals (as part of the Romanian team in 2008 and 2012) and multiple World Championship and European Championship medals.
Holly, Wayne and Monroe Railway
The Holly, Wayne and Monroe Railway (HW&M) is a defunct railroad which operated in southeast Michigan during the early 1870s. Although the company was chartered in 1865, construction from Holly toward Monroe did not begin until 1870. The company had experienced financial difficulties, and apparently received help from the Flint and Pere Marquette Railroad (F&PM) before the latter bought it out in 1872. The line reached Milford, Novi, Northville and Plymouth (where it crossed the Detroit, Lansing and Lake Michigan Rail Road) in 1871, and Monroe in 1872. That same year the F&PM bought the HW&M, and it ceased to exist as an independent company.

Holly, Michigan
Holly is a village in north Oakland County, Michigan, United States. The population was 5,997 at the 2020 census. The village is located within Holly Township. It is about 15 miles (24 km) south of Flint and 55 miles (89 km) northwest of Detroit.
Image development
Image development can refer to:

Corporate image development – a process known as branding or positioning

Imaging science – creating and developing images, mainly using signal processing methods

Graphic image development – creating and developing graphic images, using visual art skills
Illustrating – developing and rendering graphic images
Photography – capturing and developing photographic images
Image editing – editing graphic images, in contrast to capturing or creating graphic images from scratch
3-D modeling – creating and developing 3D computer generated graphic images from wireframe modeling
Handicraft – fabricating graphic images by hand

Imaging
Imaging is the process of creating visual representations of objects, scenes, or phenomena. The term encompasses both the formation of images through physical processes and the technologies used to capture, store, process, and display them. While traditional imaging relies on visible light, modern imaging systems can visualize information across the electromagnetic spectrum and through other physical phenomena such as sound waves, magnetic fields, and particle emissions, enabling the visualization of subjects invisible to the human eye.

Imaging science is the multidisciplinary field concerned with the theoretical foundations and practical applications of image creation and analysis. The field draws on physics, mathematics, electrical engineering, computer science, computer vision, and perceptual psychology to develop systems that generate, collect, duplicate, analyze, modify, and visualize images.
Deposition (geology)
Deposition is the geological process in which sediments, soil and rocks are added to a landform or landmass. Wind, ice, water, and gravity transport previously weathered surface material, which, at the loss of enough kinetic energy in the fluid, is deposited, building up layers of sediment.

This occurs when the forces responsible for sediment transportation are no longer sufficient to overcome the forces of gravity and friction, creating a resistance to motion; this is known as the null point hypothesis. Deposition can also refer to the buildup of sediment from organically derived matter or chemical processes. For example, chalk is made up partly of the microscopic calcium carbonate skeletons of marine plankton, the deposition of which induced chemical processes (diagenesis) to deposit further calcium carbonate. Similarly, the formation of coal begins with the deposition of organic material, mainly from plants, in anaerobic conditions.

Hypoxia (environmental)
Hypoxia refers to low oxygen conditions. Hypoxia is problematic for air-breathing organisms, yet it is essential for many anaerobic organisms. Hypoxia applies to many situations, but usually refers to the atmosphere and natural waters.
Prairie City-Monroe High School
The PCM High School is a rural public high school in Monroe, Iowa, United States. It is a part of the PCM Community School District, and made up of two consolidated schools from Prairie City and Monroe, serving the communities of Otley and Reasnor as well. It is a 2A school district in the heart of Iowa.

Otley, Iowa
Otley is a small unincorporated community in Marion County, Iowa, United States.  Governed by state laws and county ordinances.  It is located approximately 45 miles southeast of the capital, Des Moines, on Iowa Highway 163.  The US Post Office has a ZIP Code of 50214. Otley has one post office and is home to Vyke Industries, Mills Mid-Iowa Machinery, LLC, Otley Reformed Church, and Two Rivers Co-op. Additionally, home of several people who went on to form O.P.S. Social Club.
Military history of Iran
The military history of Iran has been relatively well-documented, with thousands of years' worth of recorded history. Largely credited to its historically unchanged geographical and geopolitical condition, the modern-day Islamic Republic of Iran (historically known as Persia) has had a long and checkered military culture and history; ranging from triumphant and unchallenged ancient military supremacy, affording effective superpower status for its time; to a series of near-catastrophic defeats (beginning with the destruction of Elam), most notably including the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon as well as the Asiatic nomadic tribes at the northeastern boundary of the lands traditionally home to the Iranian peoples.

Islamic Republic of Iran Army Ground Forces
The Islamic Republic of Iran Army Ground Forces (Persian: نیروی زمینی ارتش جمهوری اسلامی ایران, Niruye Zaminiye Arteše Jomhuriye Eslâmiye Irân) (Persian: نزاجا, NEZAJA) are the conventional ground forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran Armed Forces (Artesh). In Iran, it is also called Artesh, (ارتش) which is Persian for "army."

In 2025, the Central Intelligence Agency estimated that the regular Iranian Army ground forces had 350,000 personnel. Conscripts serve for 21 months as of 2015. Iran has two parallel land forces with some integration at the command level: the regular Artesh (Army), and the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, also known as the Sepâh (IRGC). Thus the IRGC Ground Forces parallel the Artesh's regular ground forces.
Phasis braueri
Phasis braueri, the Brauer's arrowhead, is a butterfly of the family Lycaenidae. It is found in South Africa, where it is known from the Western Cape to Queenstown in the Eastern Cape.

The wingspan is 32–42 mm for males and 36–45 mm females. Adults are on wing from September to January, with a peak in November.

The larvae feed on Rhus longispina and Melianthus species. They are associated with ants of the genus Crematogaster.

Melianthus
Melianthus is a genus of flowering plants native to elevated grassland in South Africa, Lesotho, and Namibia. A common name for these plants is honey flower, which is also the English translation of the Latin name. This name also attaches to the species M. comosus and M. major that are found in cultivation.

The genus contains up to six species of evergreen shrubs. They have large pinnate leaves with prominent stipules, and erect racemes of nectar-rich flowers. The vegetative parts are very toxic.
Ronan the Barbarian
Ronan the Barbarian is a comic fantasy novel by James Bibby, first published in 1995 by Millennium. It is the first book in a trilogy, followed by Ronan's Rescue and Ronan's Revenge. It is also the first work set in Bibby's Midworld, a fictional universe constructed to parody common high fantasy and sword and sorcery genre tropes.

Fantasy comedy
Fantasy comedy (also called comic fantasy) is a subgenre of fantasy that is primarily humorous in intent and tone. Typically set in imaginary worlds, fantasy comedy often involves puns on, and parodies of, other works of fantasy.
Lars Eighner
Laurence "Lars" Eighner Hexamer (born Laurence Vail Eighner, November 25, 1948 – December 23, 2021) was an American author and memoirist. He was the author of Travels with Lizbeth, a memoir of homelessness in the American Southwest during the late 1980s, "a book widely regarded as one of the finest memoirs of recent decades." Included as a chapter in that book was the essay "On Dumpster Diving," which is widely anthologized both at full length and in abridged form under the title "My Daily Dives in the Dumpster."

Eighner also wrote Pawn to Queen Four, a novel; Lavender Blue: How to Write and Sell Gay Men's Erotica, also published as Elements of Arousal (an early edition includes an introduction by noted erotica author John Preston); Gay Cosmos, a work of gay theory; and numerous short works of gay men's erotica, collected under various titles.

Queer theory
Queer theory is a field of post-structuralist critical theory which is broadly associated with the study and theorization of gender and sexual practices that exist outside of heterosexuality, and which challenge heteronormativity. Following social constructionist developments in sociology, queer theorists are often critical of what they consider essentialist views of sexuality and gender. Instead, they study those concepts as social and cultural phenomena, often through an analysis of the categories, binaries, and language in which they are said to be portrayed.

It emerged in the early 1990s out of queer studies (formerly often known as gay and lesbian studies) and women's studies. As an academic discipline, queer theory itself was developed by American feminist scholars Judith Butler and Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick. Other scholars associated with the development of queer theory are French post-structuralist philosopher Michel Foucault, and American feminist author Gloria Anzaldúa.
Sigurd Røen
Sigurd Røen (12 February 1909 in Rindal – 17 September 1992) was a Norwegian nordic skier who competed in the 1930s.

He won two gold medals at the 1937 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships in the nordic combined and the 4 × 10 km relay.

Nordic combined
Nordic combined is a winter sport in which athletes compete in cross-country skiing and ski jumping. The Nordic combined at the Winter Olympics has been held since the first Winter Olympics in 1924, while the FIS Nordic Combined World Cup has been held since 1983. Many Nordic combined competitions use the Gundersen method, where placement in the ski jumping segment results in time (dis)advantages added to the contestant's total in the cross-country skiing segment (e.g. the ski jumping winner starts the cross-country skiing race at 00:00:00 while the one with the lowest jumping score starts with the longest time penalty).
2016 Caribbean Premier League
The 2016 Caribbean Premier League (CPLT20) or for sponsorship reasons, Hero CPL 2016 was the fourth season of the Caribbean Premier League, the domestic Twenty20 cricket league in the West Indies. The league began on 29 June and ended on 7 August. Matches were played in seven countries – Trinidad and Tobago, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Guyana, Barbados, Jamaica, Saint Lucia, and the United States. The United States have hosted fixtures for the first time, with six matches played at the Central Broward Regional Park in Lauderhill, Florida. The competition's finals was played at Warner Park, Basseterre, St.Kitts and Nevis.

Basseterre
Basseterre (/bæsˈtɛər/; Saint Kitts Creole: Bastear) is the capital and largest city of Saint Kitts and Nevis with an estimated population of 14,000 in 2018. Geographically, the Basseterre port is located at 17°18′N 62°44′W﻿ / ﻿17.300°N 62.733°W﻿ / 17.300; -62.733, on the south-western coast of Saint Kitts Island, and it is one of the chief commercial depots of the Leeward Islands. The city lies within Saint George Basseterre Parish.

Basseterre is one of the oldest towns in the Eastern Caribbean.
Baboucarr Savage
Baboucarr Savage (born June 7, 1992) is a Gambian footballer who last played for Los Angeles Misioneros and the Gambia national football team. Savage made his debut for the Gambia national team in 2012 in a 2013 Africa Cup of Nations qualifier against Algeria.

At the youth level he played in the 2009 FIFA U-17 World Cup.

Gambia national football team
The Gambia national football team (recognized as The Gambia by FIFA) represents The Gambia in men's international football and is controlled by the Gambia Football Federation. Until 1965, the team and the country were known as British Gambia.The team represents both FIFA and Confederation of African Football (CAF).
Raisa Orlova
Raisa Davydovna Orlova-Kopeleva (Russian: Раи́са Давы́довна Орло́ва-Ко́пелева, 23 July 1918, Moscow – 31 May 1989, Cologne) was a Russian writer and American studies scholar.

She was the second wife of Lev Kopelev.

Die Zeit
Die Zeit (German pronunciation: [diː ˈtsaɪt], lit. 'The Time') is a German national weekly newspaper published in Hamburg in Germany. The newspaper is generally considered to be among the German newspapers of record and is known for its long and extensive articles.
Lina Persson
Lina Persson (born February 3, 1982) is a Swedish orienteering competitor and European champion. She received a gold medal in the relay event at the 2008 European Orienteering Championships in Ventspils, together with Emma Engstrand and Helena Jansson. She qualified for the finals and finished 10th in the long distance and 12th in the middle distance at the 2008 European championships.

European Orienteering Championships
The European Orienteering Championships were first held in 1962. They have been held biennially since 2000 and have been included in the Orienteering World Cup. From 2020, the European Orienteering Championships are held annually, with sprint events and forest events in alternate years.
Ahmed Mohammed Ali
Colonel Ahmed Mohammed Ali (Arabic: أحمد محمد علي; also known as Ahmed Ali; born 19 November 1972) is the media adviser to the Egyptian president Abdel Fattah el-Sisi and the ex spokesperson of the Egyptian Army. He was appointed first Army Sopkesman on the backdrop of the deposition of president Mohamed Morsi, and his official Army Spokesman Facebook page exceeded 2,000,000 followers at the time, and the Egyptian media kept a close and attentive watch of the statuses published by the army, often resulting in army related articles and reports.

Ali finished his studies at Egypt's military college in 1991. Afterwards he served in the Egyptian army's infantry corps, where he held various positions, including regiment commander. He then assumed a position with the military college's teaching facility, as well as that of the army's general command and officer's school.

Military ranks of Egypt
The Military ranks of Egypt are the military insignia used by the Egyptian Armed Forces. Egypt has a uniform system similar to the United Kingdom, with rank insignia being similar across the different services.
Joseph Peacocke (bishop of Derry and Raphoe)
Christianity portal

Joseph Irvine Peacocke (28 November 1866 – 31 January 1962) was a long serving Bishop of Derry and Raphoe.

Born into an ecclesiastical family — his father was Joseph Peacocke, Archbishop of Dublin — on 28 November 1866 and educated at Trinity College, Dublin, he was ordained in 1891 and his first post was a curacy in Shankill, Belfast. In 1894 he became Rector of Christ Church, Lisburn. He then held further incumbencies in Dublin and Bangor before his appointment to the episcopate in 1916. He was elected to Derry and Raphoe on 15 March and consecrated 25 April 1916; he resigned 31 December 1944. He had become a Doctor of Divinity (DD).

Archbishop of Dublin (Church of Ireland)
The Archbishop of Dublin is a senior bishop in the Church of Ireland, second only to the Archbishop of Armagh. The archbishop is the diocesan bishop of the United Dioceses of Dublin and Glendalough and the metropolitan bishop of the Province of Dublin, which covers the southern half of Ireland, and he is styled Primate of Ireland (the Archbishop of Armagh is the "Primate of All Ireland").

The archbishop's throne (cathedra) is in Christ Church Cathedral in central Dublin. The incumbent, from 11 May 2011, is Michael Jackson who signs as +Michael DUBLIN.
Bert Bradley
Steven Bert Bradley (born December 23, 1956) is an American former Major League Baseball pitcher. He played for the Oakland Athletics during the 1983 season. Along with Rickey Henderson, Bradley was traded to the New York Yankees on December 5, 1984. After his playing career ended, Bradley became a coach and manager, including with the Madison Muskies (1987-1990), the Huntsville Stars (1991-1992, 1997-1998), the Tacoma Tigers (1993-1994), the West Michigan Whitecaps (1995-1996), the Bakersfield Blaze (1999-1999), and the Fresno Grizzlies (2002), all before the San Francisco Giants appointed him as the Minor League pitching coordinator (2005-2011). Bradley graduated from Cumberland High School in Toledo, IL.

Madison Muskies
The Madison Muskies were a Class A minor league baseball team that played in the Midwest League from 1982 to 1993 in Madison, Wisconsin.
In 1993, the team relocated to Comstock Park, Michigan and became today's West Michigan Whitecaps. The Muskies were an affiliate of the Oakland Athletics. The team, which was founded by former Rochester Red Wings GM and announcer of professional baseball's longest game Bob Drew and Linda Drew played at Breese Stevens Field and Warner Park.
Shipwreck of Dellys
The Shipwreck of Dellys took place in May 1830, during the French conquest of Algeria. It involved French troupes coloniales, under captains Félix-Ariel d'Assigny (1794–1846) and Armand Joseph Bruat (1796–1855), who were captured by armed Bedouins of the town of Dellys.

Thénia
Thénia (الثنية), sometimes written as Thenia, with around 40,000 inhabitants, is the chief town in the daïra of the same name, in the wilaya of Boumerdès, in northern Algeria. Historically, the name is a contraction of "Theniet Beni Aicha" (ثنية بني عائشة) ("the mountain pass of the sons of Aisha"), the Arabic translation of the Kabyle Berber toponym  Tizi n At Ɛica. The steep-sided pass, which is only about 800 metres (2,600 ft) wide at its narrowest point, is sometimes taken to mark the transition between Mitidja and Grande Kabylie.
Wakerley
Wakerley is a linear village and civil parish in the county of Northamptonshire, England.
 Forming part of North Northamptonshire, Wakerley is close to, and south of, the River Welland that forms the boundary with Rutland; its nearest neighbour, Barrowden, is in that county and accessible by a footbridge. Wakerley is in the area of Rockingham Forest and Wakerley Great Wood is one of the forest's largest remnants. The population of the village is included in the civil parish of Duddington with Fineshade.

The village's name origin is dubious. 'Osier wood/clearing' or perhaps, 'watcher wood/clearing'.

St John the Baptist's church, Grade I listed, has been in the care of the Churches Conservation Trust since the early 1970s.

Recent evidence points to Wakerley's industrial history as an iron-smelting centre. Brick-built calcining kilns were used for reducing iron ore before transport to the Corby Steelworks.

Calcination
Calcination is thermal treatment of a solid chemical compound (e.g. mixed carbonate ores) whereby the compound is raised to high temperature without melting with a restricted supply of oxygen (i.e. gaseous O2 fraction of air), generally for the purpose of removing impurities or volatile substances and/or to induce thermal decomposition.

The root of the word calcination refers to its most prominent use, which is to remove carbon and oxygen from limestone (calcium carbonate) through applying heat to yield calcium oxide (quicklime). This calcination reaction (which is endothermic) is CaCO3(s) → CaO(s) + CO2(g).

Calcium oxide is a crucial ingredient in modern cement, and is also used as a chemical flux in smelting. Industrial calcination generally emits carbon dioxide (CO2).

A calciner is a steel cylinder that rotates inside a heated furnace and performs indirect high-temperature processing (550–1150 °C, or 1000–2100 °F) within a controlled atmosphere.
Posterngate, Hull
Posterngate is a street in the city centre of Kingston upon Hull in East Riding of Yorkshire, England. It runs west to east from Princes Dock to Hull Minster, parallel to Whitefriargate to the north. Located in the old town of Hull, it features buildings from a variety of historical periods. At its eastern end is the 1750s Grade II listed Trinity House building. Close by are the Kingston pub and a statue of the seventeenth century poet Andrew Marvell, who attended nearby Hull Grammar School. In 1780 in response to the Gordon Riots in London the Roman Catholic chapel in the street was attacked by a mob. The street features several listed buildings.

Hull Trinity House
The Hull Trinity House, locally known as Trinity House, is a seafaring organisation consisting of a charity for seafarers, a school, and a guild of mariners. The guild originated as a religious guild providing support and almshouses for the needy, and established a school for mariners in 1787. By the 18th century it had responsibilities including management of the harbour at Hull, and buoys and pilotage in the Humber Estuary.

After the loss of many of its responsibilities as a result of the River Humber Conservancy Act 1852 (15 & 16 Vict. c. cxxx), the guild continued its work as a charity, and the provision of education, which continues to the present day.

The school, now known as Hull Trinity House Academy, is now a secondary boys' school.

The charity, Hull Trinity House Charity, supports seafarers and their families; supported by property holdings, it operates rest homes, as well as Welton Waters Adventure Centre.