hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Homotopical algebra
In mathematics, homotopical algebra is a collection of concepts comprising the nonabelian aspects of homological algebra, and possibly the abelian aspects as special cases.  The homotopical nomenclature stems from the fact that a  common approach to such generalizations is via abstract homotopy theory, as in nonabelian algebraic topology, and in particular the theory of closed model categories.

This subject has received much attention in recent years due to new foundational work of Vladimir Voevodsky, Eric Friedlander, Andrei Suslin, and others resulting in the A1 homotopy theory for quasiprojective varieties over a field.  Voevodsky has used this new algebraic homotopy theory to prove the Milnor conjecture (for which he was awarded the Fields Medal) and later, in collaboration with Markus Rost, the full Bloch–Kato conjecture.

Norm residue isomorphism theorem
In mathematics,  the norm residue isomorphism theorem is a long-sought result relating Milnor K-theory and Galois cohomology. The result has a relatively elementary formulation and at the same time represents the key juncture in the proofs of many seemingly unrelated theorems from abstract algebra, theory of quadratic forms, algebraic K-theory and the theory of motives. The theorem asserts that a certain statement  holds true for any prime  and any natural number . John Milnor speculated that this theorem might be true for  and all , and this question became known as Milnor's conjecture. The general case was conjectured by Spencer Bloch and Kazuya Kato and became known as the Bloch–Kato conjecture or  the motivic Bloch–Kato conjecture to distinguish it from the Bloch–Kato conjecture on values of L-functions.  The norm residue isomorphism theorem was proved by Vladimir Voevodsky using a number of highly innovative results of Markus Rost.
Domenic DiBerardino
Domenic Carmine "Dom" DiBerardino (born July 13, 1942) is a Canadian retired professional hockey player who played 588 games in the Eastern Hockey League with the Philadelphia Ramblers, Clinton Comets, Jacksonville Rockets, Nashville Dixie Flyers, and Greensboro Generals.

Philadelphia Ramblers
The Philadelphia Ramblers were a minor professional ice hockey team based in the Philadelphia Arena in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The Ramblers played for six seasons during the infancy of the American Hockey League from 1935 to 1941.
2006 NCAA Division I men's basketball championship game
The 2006 NCAA Division I men's basketball championship game was the finals of the 2006 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament and it determined the national champion for the 2005-06 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The game was played at the RCA Dome in Indianapolis, Indiana, and featured the Oakland Regional Champion, No. 2-seeded UCLA and the Minneapolis Regional Champion, No. 3-seeded Florida.

2005–06 NCAA Division I men's basketball season
The 2005–06 NCAA Division I men's basketball season began on November 6, 2005, progressed through the regular season and conference tournaments and concluded with the 2006 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament championship game on April 3, 2006, at the RCA Dome in Indianapolis, Indiana. The Florida Gators won their first NCAA national championship with a 73–56 victory over the UCLA Bruins. This was the last Final Four at the RCA Dome, as it was demolished in 2008. The Final Four will return to the city of Indianapolis, but will be held at Lucas Oil Stadium.
County of Metz
The County of Metz originated from the frankish Metzgau. In the second half of the 9th century it went to the Gerhardiner (de), which held at the same time the County of Paris.

Over the Gerhardiner went the County—perhaps even in male lineage—to the Matfriede, which furthermore in 1047 received the title of Duke in Lorraine, namely Gerard IV, Duke of Alsace (c. 1030 – 1070), Seigneur of Châtenois (see also House of Châtenois).

The County of Metz was eventually merged into the Bishopric of Metz.

From 1189 the city of Metz was a Free Imperial City of the German Holy Roman Empire.

Count of Paris
Count of Paris (French: Comte de Paris) was a title for the local magnate of the district around Paris in Carolingian times. After Hugh Capet was elected King of the Franks in 987, the title merged into the crown and fell into disuse. However, it was later revived by the Orléanist pretenders to the French throne in an attempt to evoke the legacy of Capet and his dynasty.
Walter C. Michels
Walter C. Michels (1906–1975) was an Emeritus Professor of Physics at Bryn Mawr College. He was chairman of the department of physics at Bryn Mawr from 1936 to 1970. He was named emeritus professor in 1972.

Bryn Mawr College
Bryn Mawr College (/brɪn ˈmɑːr/ brin MAR, Welsh: [brɨn ˈmaur]) is a private women's liberal arts college in Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania, United States. Founded as a Quaker institution in 1885, Bryn Mawr is one of the Seven Sister colleges, a group of historically women's colleges in the United States. The college has an enrollment of about 1,350 undergraduate students and 450 graduate students. It was one of the first women's colleges in the United States to offer graduate education through a PhD.
Coll de Can Bordoi
The Coll de Can Bordoi is a mountain pass on the B-510 road across the Catalan Coastal Range from Dosrius to Llinars del Vallès. The pass lies in the municipality of Llinars del Vallès, comarca of Vallès Oriental, province of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

The pass reaches a height of 318.1 metres (1,044 ft) above sea level and is in the Parc del Montnegre i el Corredor. The farmhouse of Can Bordoi is situated 100 metres (330 ft) to the west of the pass and is included in the Inventory of the Architectural Heritage of Catalonia.

The GR 92 long distance footpath, which roughly follows the length of the Mediterranean coast of Spain, has a staging point on the pass. Stage 15 links northwards to Vallgorguina, a distance of 14.3 kilometres (8.9 mi), whilst stage 16 links southwards to Coll de la Font de Cera, a distance of 23.0 kilometres (14.3 mi).

Catalan Coastal Range
Pyrenees

Pre-Pyrenees

Catalan Central Depression

Smaller mountain ranges of the Central Depression

Catalan Transversal Range

Catalan Pre-Coastal Range

Catalan Coastal Range

Catalan Coastal Depression and other coastal and pre-coastal plains

The Catalan Coastal Range (Catalan: Serralada Litoral Catalana, IPA: [sərəˈlaðə lituˈɾal kətəˈlanə]) is a system of mountain ranges running parallel to the Mediterranean Sea coast in Catalonia, Spain. It is part of the Catalan Mediterranean System. Its main axis runs between the Foix River and the Roses Gulf and the average altitude is around 500 m. The highest point is 763 m at the Montnegre.
Giuseppe Patricolo
Giuseppe Patricolo (1834 – 1905) was an Italian architect and engineer, best known for restoring many of the medieval, including Norman architecture, buildings in and near his native Palermo in Sicily.

In 1866, he was named  professor of descriptive geometry at the University of Palermo, and in 1875, professor of design and architecture. From 1884 to his death, he served as artistic director of the monuments, and director of the Royal office for the conservation of monuments of Sicily. Among the structure, in which he was involved in the restoration are the church of San Francesco d'Assisi, San Cataldo, Santo Spirito, San Giovanni degli Eremiti, and the Santa Maria dell'Ammiraglio in Palermo; as well as the Norman church of the Santissima Trinità di Delia in Castelvetrano.

His son, Achille Patricolo, also an architect; born in Palermo; was a curator at the Islamic Museum in Cairo till 1922. As an antiquarian, he sold pottery to the British Museum in 1921.

Church of San Cataldo
The Church of San Cataldo (or Saint Cathal's Church) is a Catholic church located at Piazza Bellini, in central Palermo, Sicily, Italy. Erected in 1154 as a notable example of the Arab-Norman architecture which flourished in Sicily under Norman rule on the island, the church is annexed to that of Santa Maria dell'Ammiraglio. Since the 1930s, it belongs to the Order of the Holy Sepulchre.

In 2015, it received status as a World Heritage Site.
Daniela Panguinao
Daniela Andrea Panguinao Cortés (born 25 October 1996) is a Chilean futsal player and former footballer who plays as a defender for Argentine Primera División club Independiente and the Chile national futsal team.

Argentine Primera División de Futsal
The Primera División de Futsal (formerly, División de Honor), is the main futsal league in Argentina. Organised by the Argentine Football Association (AFA), the first championship was held in 1986.

The Argentine futsal league system is made up of four divisions (Primera A to Primera D), with a total of 87 clubs competing in all of them, which also take part of Copa Argentina de Futsal.

This league is the main division of futsal in Argentina, contested by clubs from the provinces of Buenos Aires and Santa Fe. The Argentine league is regarded as one of the main futsal leagues in South America.
Barbera (grapes)
Barbera is a name shared by several wine and table grape varieties. The most notable being the red Barbera grape of Piedmont in northwest Italy. Other grapes which are known as Barbera, either as part of their primary name or as a synonym, include:

Barbera Amara

Barbera bianca

Barbera Ciaria

Barbera del Sannio

Barbera di Patrunat

Barbera Sarda

Barbera Selvatico

Durasa, known under the synonym of Barbera Rotonda

Ervi, crossing known under the synonym of Barbera x Bonarda 108

Freisa, known under the synonym of Barbera

Sanches, Brazilian hybrid grape crossing known under the synonym of Barbera Min

Terzi 1, crossing known under the synonym of Barbera x Cabernet Franc N.1

Table grape
Table grapes are grapes intended for consumption as fresh fruit, as opposed to grapes grown for wine production, juice production, jelly and jam making, or for drying into raisins.

Vitis vinifera table grapes appear in seeded or non-seeded varietals and range widely in terms of colour, size, sweetness and adaptability to local growing conditions. Common commercially available table grape varieties such as Thompson Seedless and Flame Seedless are favoured by growers for their high yield and relative resistance to damage during shipment. Other less common varietals such as Cotton Candy, Kyoho or Pione are custom hybrids bred for size, appearance, and specific flavour characteristics.
Kosmos 520
Kosmos 520 (Russian: Космос 520 meaning Cosmos 520) was the first Soviet US-K missile early warning satellite. It was launched in 1972 as part of the Oko programme. The satellite is designed to identify missile launches using optical telescopes and infrared sensors.

Kosmos 520 was launched from Site 41/1 at Plesetsk Cosmodrome in the Soviet Union. A Molniya-M carrier rocket with a 2BL upper stage was used to perform the launch, which took place at 19:19 UTC on 19 September 1972. The launch successfully placed the satellite into a molniya orbit. It subsequently received its Kosmos designation, and the international designator 1972-072A. The United States Space Command assigned it the Satellite Catalog Number 06192.

Blok 2BL
The Blok 2BL was a rocket stage, a member of Blok L family, used as an upper stage on some versions of the Molniya-M carrier rocket. It was used as a fourth stage to launch the Oko missile early warning defence spacecraft.
Wellstar North Fulton Hospital
Wellstar North Fulton Hospital (formerly North Fulton Medical Center and North Fulton Regional Hospital) is a major hospital located in Roswell, the ninth-largest city in Georgia. The hospital serves most of north Fulton County, Georgia, as well as neighboring Cherokee, Cobb, Forsyth and Gwinnett counties. Wellstar North Fulton Hospital is the third largest employer in the city of Roswell and is considered the epicenter of the city's growing healthcare industry.

Wellstar North Fulton Hospital is a Level II trauma center, a Level II emergency cardiac care center, and a Joint Commission primary stroke center. Additionally, the hospital is fully accredited and recognized by the American College of Surgeons' Commission on Cancer as an Accredited Cancer Program.

Joint Commission
The Joint Commission is a United States-based nonprofit tax-exempt 501(c) organization that accredits more than 22,000 US health care organizations and programs. The international branch accredits medical services from around the world.

A majority of US state governments recognize Joint Commission accreditation as a condition of licensure for the receipt of Medicaid and Medicare reimbursements.

The Joint Commission is based in the Chicago suburb of Oakbrook Terrace, Illinois.
Ala Gertner
Ala Gertner (12 March 1912 – 5 January 1945), referred to in other sources as Alla, Alina, Ella, and Ela Gertner, was one of four women hanged in the Auschwitz concentration camp for her role in the Sonderkommando revolt of 7 October 1944.

Rzędziwojowice
Rzędziwojowice (pronounced [ʐɛnd͡ʑivɔjɔˈvit͡sɛ], German: Geppersdorf) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Niemodlin, within Opole County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland.

While many acts of brutality occurred, mortality at Geppersdorf was relatively low. Only one of the SA guards was apprehended after the war and was sentenced to death before a Polish court because of atrocities he had committed at Geppersdorf and Auschwitz. As opposed to Gross Sarne and some other RAB camps, Geppersdorf was closed in June 1945, instead of being transformed into a Schmelt camp. The inmates were dispersed to several Schmelt camps, including Blechhammer (Blachownia Śląska) and Gross Sarne (Sarny Wielkie).
Twin Peaks (Oregon)
Twin Peaks is a 9,609-foot (2,929 m) double summit of the Wallowa Mountains in Wallowa County, Oregon in the United States. It is located in the Eagle Cap Wilderness of the Wallowa National Forest. It is located seven miles southwest of Joseph, Oregon, and immediately south of Legore Lake and Sawtooth Peak.

Wallowa National Forest
Wallowa National Forest was first established as the Wallowa Forest Reserve in Oregon on May 6, 1905, with 747,200 acres (3,024 km2). On March 1, 1907, it was combined with the Chenismus Forest Reserve to create Imnaha National Forest, which was then renamed Wallowa on July 1, 1908. In 1954 it was administratively combined with Whitman National Forest to make Wallowa–Whitman National Forest. The Wallowa National Forest is located overwhelmingly in Wallowa County, Oregon, but there are much smaller portions in Union County, Oregon, and Nez Perce and Idaho counties in Idaho. There are local ranger district offices in Enterprise and La Grande, both in Oregon. Forest headquarters are in Baker City, as part of Wallowa-Whitman National Forest. As of September 30, 2008, the Wallowa portion had an area of 997,063 acres (4,034.97 km2), comprising about 44% of the Wallowa-Whitman's acreage.
River Divie
River Divie (Scottish Gaelic: Abhainn Divie) is a river in Moray, Scotland, that is tributary to the River Findhorn. It begins near the Moray boundary, close to the Lùb Ghlas (shieling), from the junction of an unnamed stream with the Allt Dearg stream.

The River Divie passes through the Divie Viaduct, a notable landmark despite the river's relative obscurity, after flowing northwestward through Dava Moor, passing Glenmore (presumably a former cottage or a farm).

The river features two fords, as well as several footbridges near its end.

Shieling
A shieling (Scottish Gaelic: Àirigh) is a hut on a seasonal cattle pasture high in the hills, once common in upland or rural places in Scotland. Oval, circular or rectangular on plan, they were often constructed of dry stone or turf, with a small doorway and without any window openings. More loosely, the term may denote a seasonal mountain pasture for the grazing of cattle in summer. Seasonal pasturage implies transhumance between the shieling and a valley settlement in winter. Many Scottish songs have been written about life in shielings, often concerning courtship and love. The ruins of shielings are a relatively common feature in upland Scotland, particularly the Highlands and many are depicted on Ordnance Survey maps.
Abejas Phase
The Abejas Phase, also known as the Late Archaic, is the fourth phase of the Tehuacán Valley of Mexico sequence, dating from 3825 to 2600 BC. Although the Tehuacán Valley sequence of phases has become one of the most famous phase sequences for any region in Mesoamerica, very few sites from these phases are known.

Tehuacán Valley matorral
The Tehuacán Valley matorral is a xeric shrubland ecoregion, of the deserts and xeric shrublands biome, located in eastern Central Mexico.

Matorral is a Spanish  word, along with tomillares, for shrubland, thicket or bushes.  The term is used alone for a Mediterranean climate ecosystem in Southern Europe.
Zabel Point
Zabel Point (Bulgarian: нос Забел, ‘Nos Zabel’ \'nos 'za-bel\) is the ice-covered, rock-tipped point on the southwest side of the entrance to Buragara Cove on the west coast of Brabant Island in the Palmer Archipelago, Antarctica.  It was formed as a result of the retreat of Rush Glacier near the start of the 21st century.

The point is named after the settlement of Zabel in Western Bulgaria.

Brabant Island
Brabant Island is the second largest island of the Palmer Archipelago within the British Antarctic Territory, lying between Anvers Island and Liège Island. Brabant Island is 59 km (37 mi) long north-south, 30 km (19 mi) wide, and rises to 2,520 m (8,268 ft) in Mount Parry.  The interior of the island is occupied by two mountain ranges, Solvay Mountains (Cook Summit, 1590 m) in its southern part and Stribog Mountains (summit Mount Parry) in its central and northern parts.

It was named by the Belgian Antarctic Expedition (1897–1899) under Adrien de Gerlache, who named it after the Belgian Province of Brabant, in recognition of the support given to the expedition by its citizens.

A paper summarizing the Joint Services expedition of 1984–1985 describes the island as "notoriously inhospitable" and states that there is evidence for only six visits between the discovery in 1898 and 1984.  Members of the expedition overwintered there in 1984–1985, and made the first ascent of Mount Parry.
Friedrichshafen Stadt station
Friedrichshafen Stadt (city) station is the largest railway station of the city of Friedrichshafen on Lake Constance (Bodensee) and a railway junction in the German state of Baden-Württemberg. It has five tracks and is classified by Deutsche Bahn as a category 3 station. Each day it is used by about 160 trains operated by Deutsche Bahn and the Bodensee-Oberschwaben-Bahn (BOB). Ulm–Friedrichshafen railway from Ulm ends at the station, where it meets the Stahringen–Friedrichshafen railway and the Friedrichshafen–Lindau railway. Another major railway station in the city, Friedrichshafen Hafen station (Friedrichshafen port station), which is operated as part of Friedrichshafen Stadt station, was used until 1976 for loading and unloading carriages on the Lake Constance train ferry to Romanshorn in Switzerland.

Interlocking
In railway signalling, an interlocking is an arrangement of signal apparatus that prevents conflicting movements through an arrangement of tracks such as junctions or crossings. In North America, a set of signalling appliances and tracks interlocked together are sometimes collectively referred to as an interlocking plant or just as an interlocking. An interlocking system is designed so that it is impossible to display a signal to proceed unless the route to be used is proven safe.

Interlocking is a safety measure designed to prevent signals and points/switches from being changed in an improper sequence. For example, interlocking would prevent a signal from being changed to indicate a diverging route, unless the corresponding points/switches had been changed first. In North America, the official railroad definition of interlocking is: "An arrangement of signals and signal appliances so interconnected that their movements must succeed each other in proper sequence".
Battle of Rạch Gầm-Xoài Mút
The Battle of Rạch Gầm-Xoài Mút (Vietnamese: Trận Rạch Gầm – Xoài Mút, Thai: การรบที่ซากเกิ่ม-สว่ายมุต) was fought between the Vietnamese Tây Sơn forces and an army of Siam in present-day Đồng Tháp province of Vietnam on January 20, 1785.

Đồng Tháp province
Đồng Tháp is a province in the Mekong Delta, Việt Nam. It has a 50 kilometer border with Prey Veng province (Cambodia) in the North, Tây Ninh province in the Northeast, Hồ Chí Minh city in the east (separated by the Soài Rạp river), South China Sea, Vĩnh Long province in the South, An Giang province in the West, and Cần Thơ city in the Southwest.
Chikkajajur
Chikkajajur is a village in Holalkere taluk in Chitradurga district of Karnataka, India. It belongs to Bangalore Division. It is located 34 km west of its district headquarters Chitradurga, 10 km from Holalkere and 237 km from the state capital Bengaluru.

Chitradurga district
Chitradurga district is an administrative district of Karnataka state in south-western India. The city of Chitradurga is the district headquarters. Chitradurga city gets its name from 'Chitrakaldurga', meaning 'picturesque castle' in Kannada.
Lynley Hamilton
Lynley Hamilton (born 12 May 1959) is an Australian former cricketer who played as a right-arm medium bowler and right-handed batter. She appeared in nine One Day Internationals for International XI at the 1982 World Cup. She played domestic cricket for South Australia.

International XI women's cricket team
The International XI women's cricket team was a team that took part in two Women's Cricket World Cups. They were essentially a "best of the rest" team, including players not selected by their own countries. They took part in the 1973 Women's Cricket World Cup, finishing in fourth place, and returned for the 1982 tournament, finishing in last place. Their overall record in ODIs was played 18, won 3, lost 14, with one no result.
All-time Orlando City SC (MLS) roster
This list comprises all players who have played for Orlando City SC which dates from their inaugural Major League Soccer season in 2015 to present. Players who were acquired by the team but were not available to play in matches (e.g. selected in a draft but not signed or acquired in a trade but immediately traded away) are not listed.

A "†" denotes players who did not appear in a single match but were available for fixtures.

A "‡" denotes players who also played for Orlando City in USL Pro before their expansion to MLS.

Bolded players are currently under contract by Orlando City SC.

Stats include all competitive matches (MLS, MLS Cup Playoffs, MLS is Back Tournament, U.S. Open Cup, CONCACAF Champions League, etc.) .

All stats accurate as of match played October 22, 2025.

MLS is Back Tournament
The MLS is Back Tournament took place during the 2020 Major League Soccer season to mark the league's return to action after being suspended as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Of the 26 Major League Soccer teams, 24 participated in the tournament; FC Dallas and Nashville SC withdrew after several of their players tested positive for COVID-19 just before their first matches. The tournament was held behind closed doors from July 8 to August 11, 2020, at the ESPN Wide World of Sports Complex in the Walt Disney World Resort in Bay Lake, Florida, near Orlando. The tournament featured a group stage, which was counted toward the 2020 MLS regular season standings, followed by knockout rounds. The tournament champion, Portland Timbers, qualified for the 2021 CONCACAF Champions League, and the 2020 season resumed upon completion of the tournament.