hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Man, Economy, and State
Man, Economy, and State: A treatise on economic principles is a 1962 book of Austrian School economics by Murray Rothbard (orig. abridged ed.). It was originally intended as a textbook form of Human Action by Ludwig von Mises, but became its own treatise after he realized original work was needed to flesh out Mises' ideas.

According to Salerno, the book Power and Market: Government and the Economy "was originally written as the third volume of Man, Economy, and State, but was published separately eight years later". It was reunited with the 4th edition of Man, Economy, and State in 2004 in the volume sub-titled "The Scholar's Edition" from the Ludwig von Mises Institute. The author analyzes the negative effects of the various kinds of government intervention, and argues that the State is neither necessary nor useful.

Mises Institute
The Ludwig von Mises Institute for Austrian Economics, or Mises Institute, is a nonprofit educational, research, and publishing institution headquartered in Auburn, Alabama, that is a center for Austrian economic thought, right-wing libertarian thought, and the paleolibertarian and anarcho-capitalist movements in the United States. It is named after the economist Ludwig von Mises (1881–1973) and promotes the Misesian version of heterodox Austrian economics.

The Mises Institute was founded in 1982 by Lew Rockwell, chief of staff to Texas Republican Congressman Ron Paul. Early supporters of the institute included economist F. A. Hayek, writer Henry Hazlitt, economist Murray Rothbard, Ron Paul, and libertarian coin dealer Burt Blumert.
Yusufeli
Yusufeli (Armenian: Բերդագրակ, Berdagrak; Georgian: ახალთი, Akhalti) is a town and district of Artvin Province in the Black Sea region of Turkey. It is located on the bank of Çoruh River 104 km south-west of the city of Artvin, on the road to Erzurum. It is the seat of Yusufeli District. Its population is 7,306 (2021).

The town of Yusufeli sits in a valley where the Çoruh River is joined by the Barhal. To its north are the Kaçkar Mountains running east to west, with villages in other valleys between the mountains. The micro climate allows the cultivation of olives, grapes, and citrus fruits, the driving forces of the economy in addition to tourism. The town can be reached by air via Erzurum Airport, 135 km (84 mi) away from Yusufeli or by road from Artvin, Erzurum and Trabzon (via İspir in Erzurum Province).

There is a widely criticised plan to dam the Çoruh at Yusufeli, which would submerge 15,000 homes.

Kaçkar Mountains
The Kaçkar Mountains (Turkish: Kaçkar Dağları; Armenian: Քաջքար, Kajkar), formerly known as the Lazistan Mountains or the Mountains of Khaghtik(Armenian: Խաղտեաց լեռներ), are a mountain range that rises above the Black Sea coast in northeastern Turkey.

With the highest peak, Kaçkar Dağı, at an elevation of 3,937 metres (12,917 ft), and mountain plateaus at about 3,000 m (9,800 ft) in elevation, the range is the highest part of the Pontic Mountains. The Kaçkars are glaciated mountains that are alpine in character, with steep rocky peaks and numerous mountain lakes. The area was declared a national park in 1994.  Recreational activities in the park include hiking, camping, mountaineering, and, increasingly, heliskiing. The Kackar range boasts a wide variety of plants and wildlife such as wolves, bears, boars, feral goats, deer, jackals and wild chickens.
Gmina Góra
Gmina Góra is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Góra County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the town of Góra, which lies approximately 69 kilometres (43 mi) north-west of the regional capital Wrocław.

The gmina covers an area of 268.74 square kilometres (103.76 sq mi), and as of 2019 its total population was 19,956.

Lower Silesian Voivodeship
Lower Silesian Voivodeship (Polish: województwo dolnośląskie, [vɔjɛˈvut͡stfɔ dɔlnɔˈɕlɔ̃skjɛ] ⓘ) in southwestern Poland, is one of the 16 voivodeships (provinces) into which Poland is divided. It covers an area of 19,946 square kilometres (7,701 sq mi) and as of 2019 has a total population of 2,899,986.

It is one of the wealthiest provinces in Poland, as natural resources such as copper, brown coal and rock materials are widely present.

Its capital and largest city is Wrocław, situated on the Oder River. The voivodeship is host to several spa towns, many castles and palaces, and the Giant Mountains, with several ski resorts. For this reason, tourism is a large part of this region's economy.
Gene Lyle Hoffman
Gene Lyle Hoffman (September 8, 1912 – October 10, 1998) was an American politician and World War II veteran from the state of Iowa.

Hoffman was born in Lamoni, Iowa in 1912. He received his education in Lamoni. Hoffman served as a Democrat in the Iowa Senate from 1957 to 1961. He died in 1998.

Lamoni, Iowa
Lamoni is a city in Decatur County, Iowa, United States. The population was 1,969 at the time of the 2020 Census. Lamoni is the home of Graceland University, affiliated with the Community of Christ, a denomination of the Latter Day Saint movement. The city was the church's headquarters from 1880 to 1920, after which it moved to Independence, Missouri.

The town is host to KNSL, a public radio station which rebroadcasts programming from Iowa Public Radio, National Public Radio, and adult album alternative music to South Central Iowa and North Central Missouri.
Chott Ech Chergui
Chott Ech Chergui (Arabic: شط الشرقي) is a large endorheic salt lake in Saïda Province, northwestern Algeria. It is located at 34°21′N 0°30′E﻿ / ﻿34.35°N 0.5°E﻿ / 34.35; 0.5 in the level terrain of the Hautes Plaines region between the Tell Atlas and the Saharan Atlas and is one of the largest lakes in Algeria.

Endorheic basin
An endorheic basin (/ˌɛndoʊˈriː.ɪk/ EN-doh-REE-ik; also endoreic basin and endorreic basin) is a drainage basin that normally retains water and allows no outflow to other external bodies of water (such as rivers and oceans). Instead, the water drainage flows into permanent and seasonal lakes and swamps that equilibrate through evaporation. Endorheic basins are also called closed basins, terminal basins, and internal drainage systems.

Endorheic regions contrast with open lakes (exorheic regions), where surface waters eventually drain into the ocean. In general, water basins with subsurface outflows that lead to the ocean are not considered endorheic; but cryptorheic. Endorheic basins constitute local base levels, defining a limit of the erosion and deposition processes of nearby areas. Endorheic water bodies include the Caspian Sea, which is the world's largest inland body of water.
Edward Nash (rugby union)
Edward Henry Nash (20 December 1853 – 18 September 1932) was an English international rugby union player.

Nash, a native of Slough, was the cricket and rugby captain at Rugby School. He undertook further studies at Trinity College, Oxford, where he was also involved in rowing.

A halfback, Nash gained an England cap in 1875, contributing a drop goal in a win over Ireland at Kennington Oval. The following season, Nash won selection for a match with Scotland, but was unable to play due to university commitments.

Nash later served as president of the country's Hockey Association, which he had helped found.

Trinity College, Oxford
Trinity College (full name: The College of the Holy and Undivided Trinity in the University of Oxford, of the foundation of Sir Thomas Pope (Knight)) is a constituent college of the University of Oxford in England. The college was founded in 1555 by Sir Thomas Pope, on land previously occupied by Durham College, home to Benedictine monks from Durham Cathedral.

Despite its large physical size, the college is relatively small in terms of student numbers at approximately 400. It was founded as a men's college and has been coeducational since 1979. As of 2023, the total funds of Trinity amounted to more than £224 million, including a financial endowment of £191 million.

Trinity has produced three British prime ministers, placing it third after Christ Church and Balliol in terms of former students who have held that office.
KBNN
KBNN (750 AM) is a radio station broadcasting a news/talk format. Established in 1973, the station is licensed to Lebanon, Missouri, United States, and serves the Springfield, Missouri, area. The station is owned by Connoisseur Media and is licensed to Alpha Media Licensee LLC.

Because it shares the same frequency as WSB in Atlanta, it must shut down at sunset.

Lebanon, Missouri
Lebanon is a city in and the county seat of Laclede County, Missouri, United States. The population was estimated at 15,013 at the time of the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Laclede County. The Lebanon Micropolitan Statistical Area consists of Laclede County. The original name of Lebanon, Missouri was Wyota, named after the original Native Americans that settled in the area. Later, Reverend Benjamin Hooker changed the name to his hometown in Lebanon, Tennessee.
Luxury Disease
Luxury Disease is the tenth studio album by Japanese rock band One Ok Rock, released on September 9, 2022, through Fueled by Ramen, and produced by Rob Cavallo. The song "Vandalize" appears in the end credits from the 2022 game Sonic Frontiers, "Prove" is the opening theme of both the Japanese and English versions of season 1 of Beyblade X, and "Neon" is featured in the 2024 film Sonic the Hedgehog 3.

Fueled by Ramen
Fueled by Ramen, LLC (Fueled by Ramen, Inc. until 2005) is an American record label owned by Warner Music Group and distributed by Atlantic Music Group. The label, founded in Gainesville, Florida, in 1996, is now based in New York City.
FC La Chaux-de-Fonds
FC La Chaux-de-Fonds is a Swiss football club based in La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland. The club currently play in 1. Liga Classic, the fourth tier of Swiss football. It was founded on 4 July 1894 and used to play at the Stade Charrière.

Swiss Cup
The Swiss Cup (German: Schweizer Cup; French: Coupe de Suisse; Italian: Coppa Svizzera; Romansh: Cuppa Svizra)  is a football cup competition that has been organised annually since 1925–26 season by the Swiss Football Association.

The Swiss Cup final is usually the most important game of the year with a high attendance. The competition is also shaped by games in the first rounds when villages celebrate the tie of their club with a professional team leading to infrastructure improvements and often thousands of spectators at the local football pitch. Since 1999 the cup winners earns the chance to qualify for the UEFA Europa League or the UEFA Conference League in accordance with the rankings of Switzerland in the UEFA coefficient.
Macriana maior
Macriana maior is an ancient suppressed and titular see of the Roman Catholic Church in North Africa. It dates back to the Roman era but survives as a titular see of the Roman Catholic Church. The current bishop is Antony Kariyil, the Episcopal Vicar of the Major Archbishop for Ernakulam Angamaly of the Syro-Malabars. Other modern bishops have included Mar Sebastian Adayantharath and Julijans Vaivods.

Julijans Vaivods
Julijans Vaivods (18 August 1895 – 24 May 1990) was a Latvian Catholic prelate who served as Apostolic Administrator of Riga and of Liepāja from 1964 until his death in 1990. He was made a cardinal in 1983, the first from Latvia. He was the oldest living cardinal when he died at age 94. He was also a KGB agent throughout the Soviet period in Latvia.
Olla (Roman pot)
In ancient Roman culture, the olla (archaic Latin: aula or aulla; Greek: χύτρα, chytra) is a squat, rounded pot or jar.  An olla would be used primarily to cook or store food, hence the word "olla" is still used in some Romance languages for either a cooking pot or a dish in the sense of cuisine. In the typology of ancient Roman pottery, the olla is a vessel distinguished by its rounded "belly", typically with no or small handles or at times with volutes at the lip, and made within a Roman sphere of influence; the term olla may also be used for Etruscan and Gallic examples, or Greek pottery found in an Italian setting.

In ancient Roman religion, ollae (plural) have ritual use and significance, including as cinerary urns. In the study of Gallo-Roman art and culture, an olla is the small pot carried by Sucellus, by the mallet god often identified with him, or by other gods.

Italian Peninsula
The Italian Peninsula (Italian: penisola italica or penisola italiana) is located within the Italian geographical region; it extends from the southern Alps in the north to the central Mediterranean Sea in the south which comprises much of the country of Italy and the enclaved microstates of San Marino and Vatican City.
The peninsula is also known as the Italic Peninsula, Apennine Peninsula, Italian Boot, or Mainland Italy.
Tualatin Park & Ride
The Tualatin Park & Ride is a transit center located in the Oregon city of Tualatin, served by the Portland metropolitan transit agency TriMet. It is located adjacent to the Bridgeport Village shopping center.

Transport hub
A transport hub  is a place where passengers and cargo are exchanged between vehicles and/or between transport modes. Public transport hubs include railway stations, rapid transit stations, bus stops, tram stops, airports, and ferry slips.

Freight hubs include classification yards, airports, inland ports, seaports, and truck terminals, or combinations of these.

For private transport by car, the parking lot functions as an unimodal hub.
Hemidiaptomus
Hemidiaptomus is a genus of freshwater copepods in the family Diaptomidae, containing the following species:

Hemidiaptomus ignatovi G. O. Sars, 1903

Hemidiaptomus monticola Weisig & Ali-Zade, 1938

Hemidiaptomus rylovi Charin, 1928

Hemidiaptomus tarnogradskii Rylov, 1926

Copepod
Copepods (/ˈkoʊpəpɒd/; meaning 'oar-feet') are a group of small crustaceans found in nearly every freshwater and saltwater habitat. Some species are planktonic (living in the water column), some are benthic (living on the sediments), several species have parasitic phases, and some continental species may live in limnoterrestrial habitats and other wet terrestrial places, such as swamps, under leaf fall in wet forests, bogs, springs, ephemeral ponds, puddles, damp moss, or water-filled recesses of plants (phytotelmata) such as bromeliads and pitcher plants. Many live underground in marine and freshwater caves, sinkholes, or stream beds. Copepods are sometimes used as biodiversity indicators.
1999 Tashkent Open
The 1999 Tashkent Open was a women's tennis tournament played on hard courts at the Tashkent Tennis Center in Tashkent, Uzbekistan that was part of the Tier IVb category of the 1999 WTA Tour. It was the inaugural edition of the tournament and was held from 7 June through 13 June 1999. First-seeded Anna Smashnova won the singles title and earned $16,000 first-prize money.

WTA Tier IV tournaments
The WTA Tier IV tournaments were Women's Tennis Association fourth-level tournaments held from 1990 until the end of the 2008 season. The line-up of events varied over the years, with tournaments being promoted, demoted or cancelled. Some of the tournaments became Tier V events between 1990 and 1992, and later from 2001 to 2005, before being integrated back into Tier IV.

From 2009 WTA Tour, WTA changed the tournament categories, so that most of the Tier III and Tier IV tournaments from 2008 were in one category, WTA International tournaments.
John Whitmore (banker)
John Whitmore (15 October 1750 – 9 October 1826) was an English merchant, banker and politician, Member of Parliament for Bridgnorth from 1795 to 1806.

Whitmore was Governor of the Bank of England from 1808 to 1810. He had been Deputy Governor from 1807 to 1808. He replaced Beeston Long as Governor and was succeeded by John Pearse.

Governor of the Bank of England
The governor of the Bank of England is the most senior position in the Bank of England. It is nominally a civil service post, but the appointment tends to be from within the bank, with the incumbent choosing and mentoring a successor. The governor of the Bank of England is also chairman of the Monetary Policy Committee, with a major role in guiding national economic and monetary policy, and is therefore one of the most important public officials in the United Kingdom.

According to the original charter of 27 July 1694 the bank's affairs would be supervised by a governor, a deputy governor, and 24 directors. In its current incarnation, the bank's Court of Directors has 12 (or up to 14) members, of whom five are various designated executives of the bank.

The 121st and current governor is Andrew Bailey, who began his term in March 2020.
Piotrówek Drugi
Piotrówek Drugi [pjɔˈtruvɛk ˈdruɡi] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Łęczna, within Łęczna County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. The town is well known for its specialty Blinis, as well as the 20 km (12 mi) road that leads up to it.

Łęczna County
Łęczna County (Polish: powiat łęczyński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lublin Voivodeship, eastern Poland. It was established on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Łęczna, which lies 23 kilometres (14 mi) east of the regional capital Lublin.

The county covers an area of 633.75 square kilometres (244.7 sq mi). As of 2019, its total population is 57,372, out of which the population of Łęczna is 18,884 and the rural population is 38,488.
Shuhrat Sirojiddinov
Shuhrat Sirojiddinov is a Doctor of Philology, professor, and a member of the Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan — academician. He has been the Rector of Alisher Navo’i  Tashkent State University of Uzbek Language and Literature since 2016.

National University of Uzbekistan
National University of Uzbekistan (NUUz; Uzbek: Mirzo Ulugʻbek nomidagi Oʻzbekiston milliy universiteti, OʻzMU) is a public research university located in Tashkent, Uzbekistan. NUUz is the oldest and largest university in Uzbekistan.

The National University of Uzbekistan is named after Mirzo Ulugbek. NUUz professors and teaching staff work with modern materials and science and have relationships with the world's most distinguished scientific schools.
In the Native State
In the Native State is a radio play by Tom Stoppard. First broadcast by the BBC in 1991, it was later adapted by Stoppard into the stage play Indian Ink.

The production was first broadcast on BBC Radio Three on 20 April 1991. It was directed by John Tydeman and starred Felicity Kendal and Peggy Ashcroft. It was Dame Peggy’s last dramatic performance. Saeed Jaffrey played the role of the Rajah.

The original production was broadcast again after the death of John Tydeman in 2020, preceded by a tribute from Tom Stoppard.

John Tydeman
John Peter Tydeman OBE (30 March 1936 – 1 April 2020) was an English producer of radio and director of theatre plays. He was responsible for commissioning and directing the early plays of Caryl Churchill, Joe Orton, Tom Stoppard and Sue Townsend.

Tydeman was the head of BBC Radio Drama from 1986 to 1994.
Alimpești
Alimpești is a commune in Gorj County, Romania. It is composed of five villages: Alimpești, Ciupercenii de Olteț, Corșoru, Nistorești, and Sârbești.

The commune is situated on the Getic Plateau, in the foothills of the Southern Carpathians, at an altitude of 371 m (1,217 ft). The river Olteț flows north to south through it. Alimpești is located in the northeastern part of Gorj County, 50 km (31 mi) from the county seat, Târgu Jiu, on the border with Vâlcea County.

Târgu Jiu
Târgu Jiu (Romanian pronunciation: [ˌtɨrɡu ˈʒiw], is the capital of Gorj County in the Oltenia region of Romania. It is situated on the Southern Sub-Carpathians, on the banks of the river Jiu. Eight localities are administered by the city: Bârsești, Drăgoieni, Iezureni, Polata, Preajba Mare, Romanești, Slobozia, and Ursați.

The city is noted for the Sculptural Ensemble of Constantin Brâncuși, inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2024.
James Johns (politician)
James Arthur Johns (3 August 1893 – 17 August 1959) was a New Zealand-born Australian politician.

He was born at Millers Flat, Otago, to storekeeper Ezekiel Johns and Annie Cousins. He attended Otago High School and qualified as a pharmacist in 1912. In 1914 he migrated to Sydney, and served with the Australian Imperial Force. After a year working as a pharmacist in Britain, he returned to Australia, and on 7 April 1920 married Gladys May Fort, with whom he had a daughter. He worked as a pharmacist and in 1929 moved to Maffra in Victoria. From 1942 to 1954 he served on Maffra Shire Council. Although initially a member of the Country Party, in 1945 he joined the Labor Party and was elected to the Victorian Legislative Assembly for Gippsland North. He was defeated in 1947. Johns retired from work in 1957 and died in Maffra in 1959.

Electoral district of Gippsland North
Gippsland North (North Gipps Land or North Gippsland until 1889) was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of Victoria located in northern Gippsland from 1859 to 1955.

In 1859, the Electoral district of Gippsland was abolished and new districts of Electoral district of North Gipps Land and South Gipps Land were created. 
The district of North Gipps Land was defined in the Victorian Electoral Act, 1858 as:

Bounded on the south and east by the sea ; on the north by a line bearing west from Cape Howe to the source of the nearest tributary of the Murray, and by the Alps; and on the west by the Alps and the counties of Evelyn and Mornington, excepting the country comprised in the Electoral District of South Gipps Land
Nadadores
Nadadores is a city in the northern Mexican state of Coahuila. 
it serves as the administrative centre for the surrounding municipality of the same name.

Nadadores is located at 27°3′48″N 101°35′37″W﻿ / ﻿27.06333°N 101.59361°W﻿ / 27.06333; -101.59361,
in the state's central region (Región Centro).
It stands some 30 km north-west of former state capital Monclova on Federal Highway 30.

There were 5,949 inhabitants in 2000.

It is the location of an accidental detonation of 22 tons of Ammonium Nitrate, which left 28 dead and 250 injured on September 10, 2007 .. The explosion left a crater 23m wide and 3m deep, and a damage radius of about 500m.

Mexican Federal Highway
Federal Highways (Spanish: Carreteras Federales) are a series of highways in Mexico. These highways link Mexico's 32 federal entities with each other or with a neighboring country, and they are wholly or mostly built by Mexico's federal government with federal funds or through federal grants by individuals, states, or municipalities. Locally known as federal highway corridors (Spanish: los corredores carreteros federales), they are built and maintained by Mexico's Secretariat of Infrastructure, Communications and Transportation (Spanish: Secretaría de Infraestructura, Comunicaciones y Transportes, SICT). Federal Highways in Mexico can be classified into high-speed, limited access expressways (usually toll highways that may be segmented and are marked by the letter "D") and low-speed roads with non-limited access; not all corridors are completely improved.
Tinsukia railway division
Tinsukia railway division is one of the five railway divisions under the jurisdiction of Northeast Frontier Railway zone of the Indian Railways. This railway division was formed on 15 January 1958 and its headquarter is located at Tinsukia in the state of Assam.

Katihar railway division, Lumding railway division, Alipurduar railway division and Rangiya railway division are the other four railway divisions under the NFR Zone headquartered at Maligaon, Guwahati.

Tinsukia
Tinsukia (Pron: ˌtɪnˈsʊkiə) is an industrial city. It is situated 480 kilometres (298 mi) north-east of Guwahati and 84 kilometres (52 mi) away from the border with Arunachal Pradesh. It is the administrative headquarters of Tinsukia District of Assam, India.

Tinsukia serves as the headquarters of the Moran Autonomous Council, which is the governing council of the Morans (an indigenous tribal group found predominantly in the Tinsukia district and neighbouring Arunachal pradesh).