hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hiram Hyde
Hiram Hyde (September 25, 1817 – December 18, 1907) was a stagecoach operator and political figure in Nova Scotia. He represented Truro township in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1855 to 1859 as a Liberal-Conservative member.

He was born in Richmond County, New York, the son of Roswell Hyde, and came to British North America in 1833. He operated a stagecoach there and transported British troops to battle during the Lower Canada Rebellion of 1837. Hyde came to Nova Scotia in 1841 and was hired by Samuel Cunard to transport mail between Halifax and Truro. He later established his own business servicing that route. In 1851, he won a contract to transport mail between West River and Sydney but he lost the contract to one of his drivers in 1860. He later operated a route between Pictou and Arichat. Hyde built the first telegraph line in the province during the 1850s. He was married twice: his wife Esther Ann died in 1882. Hyde died in Truro at the age of 90.

Truro, Nova Scotia
Truro is a town in central Nova Scotia, Canada. Truro is the shire town of Colchester County and is located on the south side of the Salmon River floodplain, close to the river's mouth at the eastern end of Cobequid Bay.
2024 ATX Open – Singles
Yuan Yue defeated Wang Xiyu in the final, 6–4, 7–6(7–4) to win the singles tennis title at the 2024 ATX Open. It was her first WTA Tour title. This marked the first all-Chinese final at a tournament outside Asia since the 2006 Estoril Open.

Marta Kostyuk was the defending champion, but chose to compete in San Diego instead.

Marta Kostyuk
Marta Olehivna Kostyuk (Ukrainian: Марта Олегівна Костюк [ˈmɑrtɐ koˈsʲtʲuk]; born 28 June 2002) is a Ukrainian professional tennis player. She has career-high WTA rankings of No. 16 in singles, achieved on 17 June 2024 and No. 27 in doubles, achieved on 8 May 2023. On the WTA Tour, she has won one singles title (2023 ATX Open) and two doubles titles (2022 Slovenia Open and 2023 Birmingham Classic). Her best major singles performance is reaching the quarterfinals of the 2024 Australian Open. She is the current No. 2 Ukrainian player.
Takhtialif
Takhtialif (Russian and Tajik: Тахтиалиф, also: Takhtakhamit) is a village in central Tajikistan. It is part of the jamoat Chashmasor in Fayzobod District, one of the Districts of Republican Subordination. It lies near the river Elok, a tributary of the Kofarnihon. It is on the Pamir Highway, 40 kilometers east of Dushanbe, and has a Köppen climate classification of Dsa.

Districts under Central Government Jurisdiction
Districts under Central Government Jurisdiction, also translated as Districts under Republican Subordination (Russian: Районы республиканского подчинения; Tajik: Ноҳияҳои тобеи ҷумҳурӣ, romanized: Nohiyahoyi tobe’i jumhuriy), is a region in Tajikistan, consisting of 9 districts and 4 district-level cities that are directly under central administration. Dushanbe, the capital of Tajikistan, is surrounded by the Districts under Central Government Jurisdiction, but not part of it. The region shares a border with Dushanbe, Sughd, GBAO, Khatlon, Kyrgyzstan (Batken and Osh regions) and Uzbekistan (Surxondaryo). The region covers an area of 28,500 square kilometres, and has a total population of 2,165,900 (2020). The Districts' ethnic composition in 2010 was 85% Tajik and 11.7% Uzbek.
Clinical and Translational Science Award
Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA) is a type of U.S. federal grant administered by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, part of the National Institutes of Health. The CTSA program began in October 2006 under the auspices of the National Center for Research Resources with a consortium of 12 academic health centers. The program was fully implemented in 2012, comprising 60 grantee institutions and their partners.

Consortium
A consortium (pl. consortiums or consortia) is an association of two or more individuals, companies, organizations, or governments (or any combination of these entities) with the objective of participating in a common activity or pooling their resources for achieving a common goal. Consortia are generally nonprofit with a goal to help its members improve their competitiveness in the specific field.

Consortium is a Latin word meaning "partnership", "association", or "society", and derives from consors ("shared in property"), itself from con- ("together") and sors ("fate").
A Voz dos Deuses
A Voz dos Deuses (The Voice of the Gods) (ISBN 843-50-0587-9) is a historic novel by João Aguiar about the Lusitanian War. It takes the form of the written memories of Tongius, a Roman-Hispanic citizen and the high priest of the temple of Endovelicus in Lusitania, who relates his life, including his birth in the tribe of the Cynetes, his encounter with Lusitanian chieftain Viriathus, and his role as Viriathus's comrade-in-arms in the battle against the Roman Republic.

The novel is considered one of the most successful Portuguese historical novels in the 20th century, and has been attributed an important role in reshaping the figure of Viriathus in Portuguese and Spanish popular culture. It was also cited by Portuguese musician Jorge Salgueiro as the inspiration of his 1ª Sinfonia.

A loose sequel, A hora de Sertorio, was published by Aguiar in 1994.

Lusitania
Lusitania (/ˌluː.sɪ.ˈteɪ.ni.ə/; Classical Latin: [luːsiːˈtaːnia]) was an ancient Roman province encompassing most of modern-day Portugal (south of the Douro River) and a large portion of western Spain (the present Extremadura and Province of Salamanca). Romans named the region after the Lusitanians, an Indo-European tribe inhabiting the lands.

The capital Emerita Augusta was initially part of the Roman Republic province of Hispania Ulterior before becoming a province of its own during the Roman Empire.

After Romans arrived in the territory during the 2nd century BC, a war with Lusitanian tribes ensued between 155 and 139 BC, with the Roman province eventually established in 27 BC.

In modern parlance, Lusitania is often synonymous with Portugal, despite the Roman province's capital being located in modern Mérida, Spain.
Grounded: The Case for Abolishing the United States Air Force
Grounded: The Case for Abolishing the United States Air Force is a 2014 nonfiction book by Robert Farley, published by University Press of Kentucky. The book argues that the United States Air Force (USAF) missions should be distributed as organic to other military forces, specifically the "other" air forces: Army, Navy, Marines, Coast Guard, and CIA, and the Air Force be disestablished as a separate component of the United States Department of Defense.

Farley was a University of Kentucky professor at the time of publishing. He was awarded a Ph.D. in political science at the University of Washington in 2004.

Canadian International Council
The Canadian International Council (CIC; French: Conseil international du Canada) is a Canadian think tank on foreign relations. Its stated goal is to strengthen Canada's role in international affairs, considering issues across academic disciplines, policy areas, and economic sectors.

The council is headquartered in Toronto, Ontario, with 19 branches across Canada, which organize speaker programs, study groups, conferences, and seminars. It has also established a pan-Canadian Young Professionals Network.
Karl Erik Nazarov
Karl Erik Nazarov (born Laanet, 17 March 1999) is an Estonian sprinter. Focusing on 400 metres hurdles initially, he switched to sprints in 2021. His biggest success to date is the fourth place in the 60 metres at the 2022 World Indoor Championships.

His uncle is Andrei Nazarov, a former decathlete.

Andrei Nazarov (athlete)
Andrei Nazarov (born 9 January 1965) is a retired decathlete, who competed for the Soviet Union and later for his native country Estonia. He was born in Tallinn. His personal best in the men's decathlon was 8322 points, achieved in 1987 (Sochi).
John Lowden
John Hopkins Lowden (born  1 May 1953, d. 27 January 2026) FBA was a British art historian who was Professor of the History of Art at the Courtauld Institute, which he joined in 1982.

Lowden was a graduate of Cambridge University and previously taught at St. Andrews. His specialism was in illuminated manuscripts and Gothic ivories.

Awards

Gründler Book Prize

Courtauld Institute of Art
The Courtauld Institute of Art (/ˈkɔːrtəʊld/) is a self-governing college of the University of London specialising in the study of the history of art and conservation.

The art collection is known particularly for its French Impressionist and Post-Impressionist paintings, and is housed in the Courtauld Gallery. The Courtauld is based in Somerset House, in the Strand in London. In 2019, the Courtauld's teaching and research activities temporarily relocated to Vernon Square, London, while its Somerset House site underwent a major regeneration project.
Cyclamide
Cyclamides are a class of oligopeptides produced by cyanobacteria algae strains such as Microcystis aeruginosa. Some of them can be toxic.

Cyclamides are cyclopeptides with either six or eight amino acids, some of which are modified from their natural proteinogenic form. They are typically characterized by thiazole and oxazole rings which are thought to be cysteine and threonine derivatives, respectively.  Cyclamides are biosynthesized through ribosomic pathways.

Thiazole
Thiazole (/ˈθaɪ.əzoʊl/), or 1,3-thiazole, is a 5-membered heterocyclic compound that contains both sulfur and nitrogen. The term 'thiazole' also refers to a large family of derivatives. Thiazole itself is a pale yellow liquid with a pyridine-like odor and the molecular formula C3H3NS.  The thiazole ring is notable as a component of the vitamin thiamine (B1).
Östen Eriksson
Bror Östen Tommy Eriksson (born 1 March 1958 in Enånger, Hälsingland, Sweden) is a Swedish musician. He is member of the song group Östen med Resten and he works in the organization Hälsinge Akademi.

Eriksson started with entertainments when he was 3 years old. When he was 6 years old, he sang at Enångers bygdegård together with Jokkmokks-Jokke. He educated at Bromangymnasiet 1974–76. He released his first debut in 1976 when he played in the band Hälsingband. He worked at Iggesunds Bruk until 1980, when he wanted a new career as musician. During 5 years he was member of the group Iggesundsgänget and one of his performances was in the TV program Nygammalt together with Bosse Larsson. He told funny stories in the TV program Har du hört den förut?.

Enånger
Enånger is a locality situated in Hudiksvall Municipality, Gävleborg County, Sweden with 629 inhabitants in 2018.

Enånger Court District, or Enångers tingslag, was a district of Hälsingland in Sweden. The provinces in Norrland were never divided into hundreds and instead the court district (tingslag) served as the basic division of rural areas.
Megacrania
Megacrania is a genus of the subfamily Megacraniinae of stick insects. Members of this genus are commonly referred to as "peppermint stick insects", due to the characteristic odor of their defensive spray, as well as the cylindrical, twig-like shape of their bodies.

These unusual insects are notable for their aposematic coloration, as well as their robust chemical defense mechanism. This mechanism consists of an irritating fluid — with an odor resembling peppermint — that they spray from a pair of scent glands located at the prothorax when threatened. This fluid is irritating or painful when inhaled or absorbed through mucous membranes, and is an effective deterrent against many arthropod, reptilian and avian predators.

Prothorax
The prothorax is the foremost of the three segments in the thorax of an insect, and bears the first pair of legs. Its principal sclerites (exoskeletal plates) are the pronotum (dorsal), the prosternum (ventral), and the propleuron (lateral) on each side. The prothorax never bears wings in extant insects (except in some cases of atavism), though some fossil groups possessed wing-like projections. All adult insects possess legs on the prothorax, though in a few groups (e.g., the butterfly family Nymphalidae) the forelegs are greatly reduced. In many groups of insects, the pronotum is reduced in size, but in a few it is hypertrophied, such as in all beetles (Coleoptera). In most treehoppers (family Membracidae, order Hemiptera), the pronotum is expanded into often fantastic shapes that enhance their camouflage or mimicry. Similarly, in the Tetrigidae, the pronotum is extended backward to cover the flight wings, supplanting the function of the tegmina.
Chintu Ka Birthday
Chintu Ka Birthday is an  Indian Hindi-language comedy drama film written and directed by Devanshu Singh and Satyanshu Singh. It is produced by comedians Tanmay Bhat, Rohan Joshi, Ashish Shakya and Gursimran Khamba of All India Bakchod under their banner First Draft. Starring Vinay Pathak, Tillotama Shome, Seema Pahwa and Vedant Chibber, the film tells the story of a 6 year old boy named Chintu, stuck in Iraq with his family during Saddam’s fall in April 2004.

The film was screened at the 2019 Jagran Film Festival and was supposed to be screened at the 2018 MAMI Film Festival but was dropped out of it after a sexual harassment aiding complaint during the me too movement. Chintu Ka Birthday was released on ZEE5 on 5 June 2020.

MeToo movement in India
The Indian #MeToo movement began in late 2018 and manifested in areas of Indian society including the government, the media, and the Bollywood film industry. In India, the MeToo movement is seen as either an independent outgrowth influenced by the international campaign against sexual harassment of women in the workplace, or an offshoot of the American MeToo movement. MeToo began gaining prominence in India with the increasing popularity of the international movement, and later gathered sharp momentum in October 2018 in the entertainment industry of Bollywood, centered in Mumbai, when actress Tanushree Dutta accused Nana Patekar of sexual harassment. This led to many women in the news media, Indian films, and even within the government to speak out and bring allegations of sexual harassment against a number of perpetrators.
Třebovice
Třebovice (German: Triebitz) is a municipality and village in Ústí nad Orlicí District in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 800 inhabitants.

Třebovice lies approximately 14 kilometres (9 mi) south-east of Ústí nad Orlicí, 55 km (34 mi) east of Pardubice, and 151 km (94 mi) east of Prague.

Pardubice Region
Pardubice Region (Czech: Pardubický kraj) is an administrative unit (Czech: kraj) of the Czech Republic, located mainly in the eastern part of its historical region of Bohemia, with a small part in northwestern Moravia. It is named after its capital Pardubice. As an administrative unit, Pardubice Region has existed three times in the course of history. It was established for the first time in 1850, and extended from Český Brod to the Bohemian-Moravian border. In its second existence, it was one of 19 regions as they were set between 1949 and 1960. After 1960, Pardubice became the capital of Pardubice district, which was part of the Eastern Bohemian Region (capital Hradec Králové). The Pardubice Region, as it is now, was reestablished in 2000.
Goulburn Base Hospital
Goulburn Base Hospital is a public district hospital located in the city of Goulburn, New South Wales in Australia. The hospital is situated on Goldsmith Street, approximately 1 km (0.62 mi) from the Central Business District. The hospital is operated by Southern NSW Local Health District and serves as a regional referral facility providing a range of general, surgical and some specialist services. It is a teaching hospital affiliated with the Australian National University, based in Canberra.

Teaching hospital
A teaching hospital or university hospital is a hospital or medical center that provides medical education and training to future and current health professionals. Teaching hospitals are almost always affiliated with one or more universities and are often co-located with medical schools.

Teaching hospitals use a residency program to educate qualified physicians, podiatrists, dentists, and pharmacists who are receiving training after attaining the degree of MD, DO, DPM, DDS, DMD, PharmD, BDS, BDent, MBBS, MBChB, or BMed. Those that attend a teaching hospital or clinic practice medicine under the direct or indirect supervision of a senior medical clinician registered in that specialty, such as an attending physician or consultant. The purpose of these residency programs is to create an environment where new doctors can learn to practice medicine in a safe setting which is supervised by physicians that provide both oversight and education.
Raja Desingu
Raja Desingu (transl. King Desingu) is a 1960 Indian Tamil-language biographical film starring M. G. Ramachandran, S. S. Rajendran, Bhanumathi and Padmini. Based on the life of Desingh, the film was directed by T. R. Raghunath and had a delayed release on 2 September 1960.

Bundela
The Bundela is a Rajput clan. Over several generations, the cadet lineages of Bundela Rajputs founded several states in area what came to be known as Bundelkhand anciently known as Chedi Kingdom from the 16th century.
ShakespeaRe-Told
ShakespeaRe-Told is the umbrella title for a series of four television adaptations of William Shakespeare's plays broadcast on BBC One during November 2005. In a manner similar to that of the 2003 production of The Canterbury Tales, each play is adapted by a different writer and relocated to the present day. The plays were produced in collaboration by BBC Northern Ireland and the central BBC drama department. In August 2006 the four films aired on BBC America.

BBC Northern Ireland
BBC Northern Ireland is a division of the BBC and the main public broadcaster in Northern Ireland. It is widely available across both Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland.

BBC Northern Ireland is one of the four BBC national regions, together with the BBC English Regions, BBC Scotland and BBC Cymru Wales. Based in Broadcasting House, Belfast, it provides television, radio, online and interactive television content. BBC Northern Ireland currently employs 700 people, largely in Belfast.

BBC Northern Ireland has two TV channels – BBC One Northern Ireland, and BBC Two Northern Ireland; and two radio stations – BBC Radio Ulster and BBC Radio Foyle.
Blacklight paint
Black light paint or black light fluorescent paint is luminous paint that glows under a black light. It is based on pigments that respond to light in the ultraviolet segment of the electromagnetic spectrum. The paint may or may not be colorful under ordinary light. Black light paint should not be confused with phosphorescent (glow-in-the-dark) or daylight fluorescent paint.

Pigment
A pigment is a chemical compound that gives a substance or organism color, or is used by humans to add or alter color or change visual appearance. Pigments are completely or nearly insoluble and chemically unreactive in water or another medium; in contrast, dyes are colored substances which are soluble or go into solution at some stage in their use. Dyes are often organic compounds whereas pigments are often inorganic. Pigments of prehistoric and historic value include ochre, charcoal, and lapis lazuli. Biological pigments are compounds produced by living organisms that provide coloration.
Astrothelium carrascoense
Astrothelium carrascoense is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) lichen in the family Trypetheliaceae. Found in Bolivia, it was formally described as a new species in 2016 by lichenologists Adam Flakus, Martin Kukwa, and André Aptroot. The type specimen was collected by the first author near Sehuencas in Carrasco National Park (Carrasco Province, Cochabamba Department) at an altitude of 2,250 m (7,380 ft); there it was found growing on bark along a river in a Yungas cloud forest. Its species epithet refers to the type locality, the only place it is known to occur. The lichen has large, singly occurring ascomata that are completely covered by the green thallus. Its ascospores are narrowly ellipsoid and slightly curved, measuring 150–210 by 40–50 μm. Astrothelium meristosporum is somewhat similar in appearance, but can be distinguished by its narrower (25–40 μm) ascospores than have a distinct septum in the middle, and the ostioles (pores) of its ascomata.

Ostiole
An ostiole is a small hole or opening through which algae or fungi release their mature spores.

The word is a  diminutive of "ostium", "opening".

The term is also used in higher plants, for example to denote the opening of the involuted  syconium (fig inflorescence) through which fig wasps enter to pollinate and breed.
The species pharamacosycea have an arrangement  interlocking pattern but there is an exception because of insipdia because it is partly cover the ostiole. On the adaxial side of the bracts is made out of cubic cells, that has a staining reactions and contain phenolic compounds.

Sometimes a stomatal aperture is called an "ostiole".
Pam Birdsall
Pam Birdsall is a Canadian politician. Birdsall was elected to the Nova Scotia House of Assembly in the 2009 provincial election. She represented the electoral district of Lunenburg as a member of the New Democratic Party until her defeat in the 2013 election.

Lunenburg (provincial electoral district)
Lunenburg is a provincial electoral district in Nova Scotia, Canada, that elects one member of the Nova Scotia House of Assembly. From 1867 to 1956, the district included all of Lunenburg County. In 1956, the district was abolished into Lunenburg Centre, Lunenburg East and Lunenburg West. The riding was re-created in 1993 with nearly identical boundaries to Lunenburg Centre, except it lost the area west of the LaHave River (except New Germany) to Lunenburg West. The district also lost the Tancook Islands to Chester-St. Margaret's.

The riding includes the towns of Lunenburg and Mahone Bay.
Sarcohyla arborescandens
Sarcohyla arborescandens is a species of frog in the family Hylidae.
It is endemic to Mexico.
Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests and rivers. This frog has been observed between 1800 and 3100 meters above sea level.

This frog breeds in streams, and scientists have observed it in some streams in disturbed habitats, such as streams through cleared areas and roadside pools.

Scientists believe human beings in central Veracruz probably consume these frogs as food.

Hylidae
Hylidae is a wide-ranging family of frogs commonly referred to as "tree frogs and their allies". However, the hylids include a diversity of frog species, many of which do not live in trees, but are terrestrial or semiaquatic.
Père Marie-Benoît
Père Marie-Benoît (Anglicized, Father Mary Benedict; in Italian, known as Padre Maria Benedetto; 3 March 1895 – 5 February 1990)  was born Pierre Péteul. As a Capuchin Franciscan friar he helped smuggle approximately 4,000 Jews into safety from Nazi-occupied Southern France. On 1 December 1966, he was honored with the Medal of the Righteous among the Nations for his courage and self-sacrifice. His actions to save Jews during the Holocaust were the reason for his epithet Father of the Jews (French: Père des juifs).

Southern France
Southern France, also known as the south of France or colloquially in French as le Midi, is a geographical area consisting of the regions of France that border the Atlantic Ocean south of the Marais Poitevin, Spain, the Mediterranean Sea and Italy. It includes southern Nouvelle-Aquitaine in the west, Occitania in the centre, the southern parts of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes in the northeast, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the southeast, as well as the island of Corsica in the southeast. Southern France is generally considered part of southern Europe because of its association with the Mediterranean Sea.

The colloquial French name for the region, le Midi, is derived from an Old French compound composed of mi ("middle")  and di ("day"), meaning literally "midday". Thus, the term is comparable in both origin and meaning to Mezzogiorno, which indicates southern Italy, and Romanian Miazăzi which is a synonym for south.