hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bahman Nassim
Bahman Nassim (February, 1940 – January 28, 1980) was an Iranian record holder for the backstroke, as well as playing for the Iran men's water polo team between the years of 1958–1965. Bahman is known for his influence and early development of competitive swimming and water polo within Iran during the early 1960s, which ultimately led to successful teams in the 1970s. He also served as the Chief of Police for the city of Semnan, Iran, where he was arrested after the overthrow of the Shah, under charges of "Murder of persons and/or killing Muslims or/and freedom fighters". Bahman Nassim was executed by firing squad at dawn  on January 28, 1980, at Evin Prison, Tehran, Iran. He is survived by his wife and two daughters, who currently reside in Iran.

Backstroke
Backstroke or back crawl is one of the four swimming styles used in competitive events regulated by FINA, and the only one of these styles swum on the back. This swimming style has the advantage of easy breathing, but the disadvantage of swimmers not being able to see where they are going. It also has a different start from the other three competition swimming styles. The swimming style is similar to an upside down front crawl or freestyle. Both backstroke and front crawl are long-axis strokes. In individual medley backstroke is the second style swum; in the medley relay it is the first style swum.
Brigham Young University Museum of Peoples and Cultures
40°15′47.2″N 111°39′27.9″W﻿ / ﻿40.263111°N 111.657750°W﻿ / 40.263111; -111.657750

The Brigham Young University Museum of Peoples and Cultures, located in Provo, Utah, is the university's museum of archaeology and ethnology. The Museum of Peoples and Cultures has a wide variety of collections containing over a million objects. Most of the 7,000 collections come from the regions of South America, Mesoamerica, Central America, the American Southwest, the Great Basin and Polynesia. However, there are many objects from other parts of the world which are available for study and research.

Ethnology
Ethnology (from the Ancient Greek: ἔθνος, ethnos meaning 'nation') is an academic field and discipline that compares and analyzes the characteristics of different peoples and the relationships between them (compare cultural, social, or sociocultural anthropology).
Era of Fragmentation
The Era of Fragmentation (Tibetan: སིལ་བའི་དུས།) was an era of disunity in Tibetan history lasting from the death of the Tibetan Empire's last king, Langdarma, in 842 until Drogön Chögyal Phagpa became the Imperial Preceptor of the three regions of Tibet in 1253, following the Mongol conquest in the 1240s. During this period, the political unity of the Tibetan Empire collapsed following the Battle of U-Yor between Yumtän (Yum brtan) and Ösung (’Od-srung), after which followed numerous rebellions against the remnants of the empire and the rise of regional warlords.

Drogön Chögyal Phagpa
Drogön Chogyal Phagpa (Tibetan: འགྲོ་མགོན་ཆོས་རྒྱལ་འཕགས་པ།, Wylie: ʼgro mgon chos rgyal ʼphags pa; Chinese: 八斯巴; 26 March 1235 – 15 December 1280) was the fifth leader of the Sakya school of Tibetan Buddhism. He was also the first Imperial Preceptor of the Yuan dynasty and was concurrently named the director of the Bureau of Buddhist and Tibetan Affairs, serving during the reign of Kublai Khan.

Historical tradition remembers him as the first vice-ruler of Tibet under the Yuan emperor as well as one of the Five Sakya patriarchs (Tibetan: ས་སྐྱ་གོང་མ་རྣམ་ལྔ་, Wylie: sa skya gong ma rnam lnga). Although this is historically disputed, he played a very important political role.
Region Based Convolutional Neural Networks
Region-based Convolutional Neural Networks (R-CNN) are a family of machine learning models for computer vision, and specifically object detection and localization. The original goal of R-CNN was to take an input image and produce a set of bounding boxes as output, where each bounding box contains an object and also the category (e.g. car or pedestrian) of the object. In general, R-CNN architectures perform selective search over feature maps outputted by a CNN.

R-CNN has been extended to perform other computer vision tasks, such as: tracking objects from a drone-mounted camera, locating text in an image, and enabling object detection in Google Lens.

Mask R-CNN is also one of seven tasks in the MLPerf Training Benchmark, which is a competition to speed up the training of neural networks.

Minimum bounding box
In geometry, the minimum bounding box or smallest bounding box (also known as the minimum enclosing box or smallest enclosing box) for a point set S in N dimensions is the box with the smallest measure (area, volume, or hypervolume in higher dimensions) within which all the points lie. When other kinds of measure are used, the minimum box is usually called accordingly, e.g., "minimum-perimeter bounding box".

The minimum bounding box of a point set is the same as the minimum bounding box of its convex hull, a fact which may be used heuristically to speed up computation.

In the two-dimensional case it is called the minimum bounding rectangle.
Peter J. Taylor
Peter James Taylor FBA FAcSS (born 21 November 1944) is an English geographer. Born in Calverton in Nottinghamshire, he was Professor of Political Geography at the University of Newcastle upon Tyne between 1970 and 1996, before joining Loughborough University as Professor of Geography

He is the co-founding editor of the journal Political Geography, and is the founder and director of the Globalization and World Cities Research Network and is the author of over 300 publications, of which over 60 have been translated into other languages. In September 2010, he became a Professor of Geography at Northumbria University.

In 2004, Taylor was elected a Fellow of the British Academy (FBA), the United Kingdom's national academy.

Political geography
Political geography is concerned with the study of both the spatially uneven outcomes of political processes and the ways in which political processes are themselves affected by spatial structures. Conventionally, for the purposes of analysis, political geography adopts a three-scale structure with the study of the state at the centre, the study of international relations (or geopolitics) above it, and the study of localities below it. The primary concerns of the subdiscipline can be summarized as the inter-relationships between people, state, and territory.
The Scoop and Behind the Screen
The Scoop and Behind the Screen are both collaborative detective serials written by members of the Detection Club which were broadcast weekly by their authors on the BBC National Programme in 1930 and 1931 with the scripts then being published in The Listener within a week after broadcast. The two serials were first published in book form in the UK by Victor Gollancz Ltd in 1983 and in the US by Harper & Row in 1984. The UK edition retailed at £6.95.

Julian Symons, then President of the club (1983), explains in his introduction:  "...The present volume... was written to provide funds so that club premises might be acquired.  Other books with the same purpose, also the product of several hands, were The Floating Admiral (1931), ... Ask a Policeman (1933), ... and ... Verdict of Thirteen. ..."

Pound sign
The pound sign (£) is the symbol for the pound unit of sterling – the currency of the United Kingdom and its associated Crown Dependencies and British Overseas Territories and previously of Great Britain and of the Kingdom of England. The same symbol is used for other currencies called pound, such as the Egyptian and Syrian pounds. The sign may be drawn with one or two bars depending on personal preference, but the Bank of England has used the one-bar style exclusively on banknotes since 1975.

In the United States, "pound sign" refers to the symbol # (number sign). In Canada, "pound sign" can mean £ or  #.
1978 United States Senate election in Maine
The 1978 United States Senate election in Maine was held on November 7, 1978. Incumbent Democratic U.S. Senator William Hathaway ran for re-election to a second term, but was defeated by William Cohen, the Republican U.S. Representative from Maine's 2nd congressional district. As of the 2024 election, this is the most recent time a Senator from Maine lost re-election.

No incumbent Senator has lost by such a large margin since Hathaway's 22.65-point loss, though James Abdnor in 1980, John Boozman in 2010, and Tommy Tuberville in 2020 all received larger percentages of the vote than Cohen's 56.59% against incumbent Senators.

1980 United States Senate election in South Dakota
The 1980 United States Senate election in South Dakota was held on Tuesday November 4, 1980. Incumbent Democratic U.S. Senator George McGovern ran for re-election to a fourth term, but was defeated by Republican James Abdnor.
Sarah Beard (sport shooter)
Sarah Beard (born May 21, 1991) is an American sport shooter. She won the silver medal in the women's 50 metres rifle three positions event at the 2019 Pan American Games held in Lima, Peru.

At the 2018 Shooting Championships of the Americas held in Guadalajara, Mexico, she won a total of five gold medals and one bronze medal.

2019 Pan American Games
The 2019 Pan American Games (Spanish: Juegos Panamericanos de 2019), officially the XVIII Pan American Games (Spanish: XVIII Juegos Panamericanos) and commonly known as Lima 2019, were a multi-sport event governed by the Panam Sports Organization held in Lima, Peru from July 26 to August 11, 2019, with preliminary rounds in certain events having begun on July 24, 2019. These were the first Pan American Games to be held in Peru, and the seventh to be held in South America.

The opening ceremony took place on July 26 at the National Stadium of Peru, and the Games were declared open by former Peruvian President Martín Vizcarra. These Pan American Games were held at venues in and around Lima, and are the largest sporting event ever hosted by the country.
Damian O'Brien
Damian O'Brien (born 1980) is an Irish Gaelic footballer who played as a left corner-forward for the Tipperary senior team.

Born in Donohill, County Tipperary, O'Brien first arrived on the inter-county scene at the age of seventeen when he first linked up with the Tipperary minor team before later joining the under-21 and junior sides. He joined the senior panel during the 2000 championship. O'Brien later became a regular member of the starting fifteen and has won one Tommy Murphy Cup medal.

At club level O'Brian plays with Éire Óg Annacarty.

O'Brien retired from inter-county football following the conclusion of the 2010 championship.

Donohill
Donohill or Dunohil (Irish: Dún Eochaille) is a village and civil parish in County Tipperary, Ireland. It is one of nine civil parishes in the barony of Kilnamanagh Lower. The village is located on the R497 regional road from Nenagh to Tipperary town, 8 kilometres north of Tipperary.
Beau Hossler
Beau Hossler (born March 16, 1995) is an American professional golfer from Rancho Santa Margarita, California who has played on the PGA Tour and won the Haskins Award in college as the top collegiate golfer in the US. He qualified for the U.S. Open twice as a teen, finishing tied for 29th in the 2012 U.S. Open and had held the outright lead midway through the second round.

Rancho Santa Margarita, California
Rancho Santa Margarita (RAN-choh SAN-tuh mar-guh-REE-tuh) is a city in Orange County, California, United States. One of Orange County's youngest cities, Rancho Santa Margarita is a master-planned community. The population was 47,949 at the 2020 census, up from 47,853 at the 2010 census. Although it is named for Rancho Santa Margarita y Las Flores, which was in San Diego County, the city limits fall within the borders of Rancho Mission Viejo. At 20 characters long (22 including spaces), it is the longest city name in California.
Russell Sutor
Russell Allan "Russ" Sutor (April 24, 1951 – September 23, 1995) was a businessman and political figure in Saskatchewan. He represented Regina North East from 1982 to 1985 in the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan as a Progressive Conservative.

He was born in Mossbank, Saskatchewan, the son of Steve Sutor and Anetta Atkinson. Sutor operated a travel agency, a delivery service and a Regina motel. He served as legislative
secretary to the Minister of Economic Development and Trade. Sutor resigned his seat in the Saskatchewan assembly in 1985 citing personal business reasons. He died in Fort Lauderdale, Florida at the age of 44.

Progressive Conservative Party of Saskatchewan
The Progressive Conservative Party of Saskatchewan is a conservative political party in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. Founded in 1905 by former Northwest Territories Premier Frederick Haultain, the party was first known as the Provincial Rights Party. In 1912, its name changed to the Conservative Party of Saskatchewan, and in 1942 it adopted its current name. Members are commonly known as Tories.

The party has formed government in Saskatchewan three times, first in a coalition government from 1929 to 1934, and then in consecutive majority governments from 1982 to 1991. The party was badly damaged by an expense fraud scandal in the 1990s. In 1997, the party went dormant when much of its membership migrated to the newly established Saskatchewan Party. Although the party has been active again since the 2007 provincial election, no PC candidates have been elected since 1995.
West Valley, New York
West Valley is a hamlet in the Town of Ashford in Cattaraugus County, New York, United States. The population was 518 at the 2010 census, which lists the community as a census-designated place.

Located at the intersection of Cattaraugus County Route 53 and State Route 240/County Route 32, the hamlet is home to West Valley Central School and the West Valley Demonstration Project, a nuclear cleanup facility. Because of the presence of a school district, a telephone exchange (716–942), and a post office located in (and named after) the hamlet, many people mistake West Valley to be the name of an actual town or village. However, it does not have any autonomous government separate from the town of Ashford.

Cattaraugus County, New York
Cattaraugus County (locally known as Catt County) is a county in Western New York, with one side bordering Pennsylvania. As of the United States 2020 census, the population was 77,042. The county seat is Little Valley. The county was created in 1808 and later organized in 1817. The county is part of the Western New York region of the state.

Cattaraugus County comprises the Olean, NY Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Buffalo-Cheektowaga-Olean, NY Combined Statistical Area. Within its boundaries are the Allegany Indian Reservation of the Seneca Nation of New York, and the Allegany State Park. The Allegheny River runs through the county.
Gülhan Kılıç
Gülhan Kılıç (born 5 May 1989) is a Turkish former para judoka who competed at international judo competitions. She is a four-time European medalist and has competed at the 2012 Summer Paralympics where she lost in the first round to eventual champion Ramona Brussig and in the first repechage to bronze medalist Michele Ferreira. She has also competed at the 2015 European Games but did not medal.

Para judo
Para judo (Paralympic judo) is an adaptation of the Japanese martial art of judo for visually impaired competitors. The rules of the sport are only slightly different from regular judo competitions. It has been part of the Summer Paralympics program since 1988 for men and 2004 for women.
Coherence (film)
Coherence is a 2013 American science fiction psychological thriller film written and directed by James Ward Byrkit in his directorial debut. The film had its world debut on September 19, 2013, at Fantastic Fest and stars Emily Foxler as a woman who must deal with strange occurrences following the close passing of a comet.

Sitges Film Festival
SITGES - International Fantastic Film Festival of Catalonia (Catalan: Festival Internacional de Cinema Fantàstic de Catalunya) is an annual film festival held in Sitges, Catalonia, Spain. It specializes in fantasy, horror and cult films. Established in 1968, the festival takes place every year, usually in early October, and is considered to be one of the world's top 3 largest and most prestigious genre film festivals, alongside Fantasia and Fantastic Fest.
Alice Adams (artist)
Alice Adams (born November 16, 1930) is an American visual artist known for her sculpture and site-specific land art in the 1970s and for her major public art projects in transit systems, airports, university campuses and other urban sites throughout the United States since 1986.  Her earlier work in tapestry and woven forms was important in the American fiber art movement.

Fiber art
Fiber art (fibre art in British spelling) refers to fine art whose material consists of natural or synthetic fiber and other components, such as fabric or yarn.  It focuses on the materials and on the manual labor on the part of the artist as part of the works' significance, and prioritizes aesthetic value over utility.
1997 Romanian Open – Doubles
David Ekerot and Jeff Tarango were the defending champions, but Ekerot did not compete this year. Tarango teamed up with Roger Smith and lost in the first round to Luis Lobo and Javier Sánchez.

Lobo and Sánchez won the title by defeating Hendrik Jan Davids and Daniel Orsanic 7–5, 7–5 in the final.

Luis Lobo
Luis Gustavo Lobo (born 9 November 1970) is a retired professional male tennis player from Argentina, who won the gold medal in the men's doubles competition at the 1995 Pan American Games.

He reached his career high doubles ranking, World No. 12, on 21 July 1997. He is currently a coach, and has worked with players including Spain's Carlos Moyà and Argentina's Juan Mónaco.
Pengtoushan culture
The Pengtoushan culture was a Neolithic culture located around the central Yangtze River region in northwestern Hunan province, China. It dates to around 7500–6100 BC, and was roughly contemporaneous with the Peiligang culture to the north. It is named after the type site at Pengtoushan.

Type site
In archaeology, a type site (American English) or type-site (British English) is the site used to define a particular archaeological culture or other typological unit, which is often named after it. For example, discoveries at La Tène and Hallstatt led scholars to divide the European Iron Age into the La Tène culture and Hallstatt culture, named after their respective type sites.

The concept is similar to type localities in geology and type specimens in biology.
Gleave
Gleave is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alfred Gleave (1911–1999), Canadian politician

Elliot Gleave (born 1982), stage name Example, English singer, songwriter, and rapper

Fred Gleave, English rugby league footballer in the 1900s and 1910s

Joseph Lea Gleave (1907–1965), British architect

Lisa Gleave (born 1976), Australian-American glamour model and TV personality

Martin Gleave, Canadian surgeon and cancer researcher

Robert Gleave, professor of Arabic studies

Todd Gleave (born 1995), English rugby union player

Tom Gleave (1908–1993), British RAF fighter pilot during the Second World War

William Richard Gleave (1868–1933), English surveyor and architect

Fred Gleave
Frederick "Fred" Gleave was an English professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1900s and 1910s. He played at representative level for England, and at club level for Wigan, as a stand-off.
Irina Ologonova
Irina Igorevna Ologonova (Russian: Ирина Игоревна Ологонова) is a Russian wrestler of Buryat descent. 3x world silver medalist.

In 2022, she competed at the Yasar Dogu Tournament held in Istanbul, Turkey.

2022 Yasar Dogu Tournament
The 50th Yasar Dogu Tournament 2022, was a wrestling event held in Istanbul, Turkey between 24 and 27 February 2022. It was held as the first of the ranking series together with the 2022 Vehbi Emre & Hamit Kaplan Tournament.

The international tournament included competition in both men's and women's freestyle wrestling. The tournament was held in honor of Olympic Champion, Yaşar Doğu.
Kempaiah IPS
Kempaiah IPS is a 1993 Indian Kannada film, directed by V. Somashekhar and produced by L. Ravindra, about the Indian Police Service (IPS) officer Kempaiah. The film stars Shashikumar in the titual role, Tiger Prabhakar, Rambha and Srishanthi in the lead roles. The film was scored by Hamsalekha.

Tiger Prabhakar
Tiger Prabhakar (30 March 1948 – 25 March 2001) was an Indian actor who predominantly worked in Kannada and Telugu cinema. He has also acted in a few Malayalam, Tamil and Hindi films. He was also known as Kannada Prabhakar.
Turkey Swamp Park
Turkey Swamp Park is a 2,388-acre (966 ha) county  park and nature preserve in Freehold Township, New Jersey. Within the northernmost fringes of the Pine Barrens, the Turkey Swamp area is located on a ridge, being a major drainage divide within Central New Jersey. It includes the headwaters of the Manasquan that flows into Manasquan Inlet, and the Metedeconk and Toms River systems that flow into Barnegat Bay, to the east; the  Manalapan Brook system  that is part of the Raritan River basin, to the north; and the Assunpink and Crosswicks systems that flow into the Delaware River, and the Millstone River system that also flows to the Raritan, to the west. The chief recreational attraction of this park is the 17-acre (6.9 ha) lake suitable for bass, bluegill and catfish fishing, as well as canoeing and paddle boating.

It is adjacent to the over 4,000-acre (1,600 ha) Turkey Swamp Wildlife Management Area.

Toms River
The Toms River is a 41.7-mile-long (67.1 km) freshwater river and estuary in Ocean County, New Jersey, United States. The river rises in the Pine Barrens of northern Ocean County, then flows southeast and east, where it is fed by several tributaries, and flows in a meandering course through wetlands. The river empties into Barnegat Bay—an inlet of the Atlantic Ocean—and the Intracoastal Waterway at Mile 14.6.
2019 Jinan International Open – Women's doubles
Wang Xinyu and You Xiaodi were the defending champions, but Wang chose to compete at the 2019 US Open instead. You partnered alongside Chihiro Muramatsu, but lost in the first round to Eudice Chong and Aldila Sutjiadi.

Yuan Yue and Zheng Wushuang won the title, defeating Samantha Murray and Eden Silva in the final, 1–6, 6–4, [10–7].

Eudice Chong
Eudice Chong (born 22 April 1996) is a professional tennis player from Hong Kong.

She reached her career-high WTA rankings in singles of world No. 213 on 26 December 2022, and No. 86 in doubles, on 2 February 2026.
Chong has won six singles and 37 doubles titles on the ITF Circuit, including three double titles in WTA 125 tournaments.
Imitative learning
Imitative learning is a type of social learning whereby new behaviors are acquired via imitation.  Imitation aids in communication, social interaction, and the ability to modulate one's emotions to account for the emotions of others, and is "essential for healthy sensorimotor development and social functioning". The ability to match one's actions to those observed in others occurs in humans and animals; imitative learning plays an important role in humans in cultural development. Imitative learning is different from observational learning in that it requires a duplication of the behaviour exhibited by the model, whereas observational learning can occur when the learner observes an unwanted behaviour and its subsequent consequences and as a result learns to avoid that behaviour.

Sensory-motor coupling
Sensory-motor coupling is the coupling or integration of the sensory system and motor system. For a given stimulus, there is no one single motor command. "Neural responses at almost every stage of a sensorimotor pathway are modified at short and long timescales by biophysical and synaptic processes, recurrent and feedback connections, and learning, as well as many other internal and external variables".