hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Elizabeth Lee (writer)
Elizabeth Lee (1857 – 10 July 1920) was an English teacher, literary critic, biographer and translator.  She was secretary of the English Association for five years in the early twentieth century and was awarded the honour of Officier d'Académie by the French government for her work in education.  She was the sister of Sir Sidney Lee and, under his editorship, wrote several biographies of women for the Dictionary of National Biography.  Her other writings covered the subjects of education, French literature and biographies.

Bibliographical Society
Founded in 1892, The Bibliographical Society is the senior learned society in the UK dealing with the study of the book and its history. The Society promotes and encourages study and research in historical, analytical, descriptive and textual bibliography through its lectures, fellowships and bursaries, and publishing its quarterly journal, The Library.

The Society holds a monthly lecture between October and May, usually on the third Tuesday of the month at the Society of Antiquaries of London, at Burlington House.

The first fifty years of the Bibliographical Society were documented in the book The Bibliographical Society, 1892–1942: Studies in Retrospect. The Book Encompassed, a volume of essays edited by Peter Davison marking the Society's centenary was published in 1992.
Jimmy Anderson (footballer, born 1913)
James Anderson (25 July 1913 – January 1993) was an English professional football left back who played in the Scottish League for Queen of the South, whom he also served as trainer after his retirement as a player. He also played for Wigan Athletic, playing 10 games for the club in the Cheshire League.

Cheshire County League
The Cheshire County League was a football league founded in the north west of England in 1919, drawing its teams largely from Cheshire, surrounding English counties and North Wales.

Initially the league was dominated by the reserve teams of Football League clubs, but as the Central League became established for these teams, the non-league clubs won every title after 1938.

The outbreak of World War II in 1939 led to the league being split into Eastern and Western sections, with the winners of each playing for the overall championship in 1939–40, with the league then closing down for the duration of the combat until restarting in 1945.

In 1968, the league lost several clubs to the newly formed Northern Premier League. Despite this, the league expanded in 1978 by adding a Division Two, however in 1982, the league ceased to exist, after it merged with the Lancashire Combination to form the North West Counties Football League.
Emmanuel Ampeah
Emmanuel Ampeah (born 22 April 1968) is a retired Ghanaian football defender. He was a squad member at the 1992 and 1994 Africa Cup of Nations, including the 1992 Africa Cup of Nations Final, scoring his penalty in the lengthy penalty shootout.

1992 African Cup of Nations
The 1992 African Cup of Nations was the 18th edition of the Africa Cup of Nations, the football championship of Africa (CAF). It was hosted by Senegal. The field expanded to twelve teams, split into four groups of three; the top two teams in each group advanced to the quarterfinals. Ivory Coast won its first championship, beating Ghana on penalty kicks 11–10 after a goalless draw.
The Waxwings
The Waxwings were an American rock band, formed in 1997 in Detroit, Michigan.

The band's lineup comprised Dean Fertita on vocals and guitar, James Edmunds on drums and percussion, and Kevin Peyok on bass guitar. Brendan Benson filled in on guitar for touring, following the departure of guitarist/vocalist Dominic Romano.

They released three full-length albums: Low to the Ground in 2000, Shadows Of... in 2002, and Let's Make Our Descent in 2004. The band's music was influenced by 1960s psychedelic pop and folk rock, featuring rich, complex instrumentation and vocal harmonies which separate them from the raw garage rock revival scene in Detroit.

The Waxwings toured with Guided By Voices, Travis, Matthew Sweet, The Strokes, and fellow Detroit band The White Stripes.

Matthew Sweet
Sidney Matthew Sweet (born October 6, 1964) is an American alternative rock/power pop singer-songwriter and musician who was part of the burgeoning music scene in Athens, Georgia, during the 1980s before gaining commercial success in the 1990s as a solo artist. His companion albums, Tomorrow Forever and Tomorrow's Daughter, were followed by 2018's Wicked System of Things and 2021's Catspaw, his 15th studio effort.
Ahmad Sahroni
Ahmad Sahroni (born 8 August 1977) is an Indonesian politician from the NasDem Party who has served as a member of the House of Representatives, representing Jakarta's 3rd electoral district since 2014. During his time, he had been suspended in 2025 following nationwide protests.

Tanjung Priok
Tanjung Priok is a district in the administrative city of North Jakarta, Indonesia. It hosts the western part of the city's main harbor, the Port of Tanjung Priok (located in Tanjung Priok District and Koja District). The district of Tanjung Priok is bounded by Ir. Wiyoto Wiyono Toll Road and Sunter River canal to the east, by Kali Japat, Kali Ancol, and the former Kemayoran Airport to the southwest, by Sunter Jaya Road and Sunter Kemayoran Road to the south, and by Jakarta Bay to the north.
William Edward Thomas Morgan
Reverend William Edward Thomas Morgan (1847–1940) was a 19th-century Welsh Anglican priest. He was vicar at the pre-conquest church of St. Eigon, Llanigon, Wales.

St. Eigon is in the Greater Brecon Deanery, in the Diocese of Swansea and Brecon, in the Church in Wales (an independent member of the Anglican Communion). Before 1923, the diocese was in the Archdeaconry of Brecon within the Diocese of St Davids.

Diocese of St Davids
The Diocese of St Davids is a diocese of the Church in Wales, a church of the Anglican Communion. The diocese covers the historic extent of Ceredigion, Carmarthenshire and Pembrokeshire, together with a small part of western Glamorgan. The episcopal see is the Cathedral Church of St David in the City of St Davids, Pembrokeshire. The present cathedral, which was begun in 1181, stands on the site of a monastery founded in the 6th century by Saint David.

The diocese is divided into the three archdeaconries of St Davids, Carmarthen and Cardigan (additionally, Mones Farah serves as Archdeacon Missioner). The bishop's residence is Llys Esgob in Abergwili, Carmarthenshire.
Plan Galicia
Plan Galicia was an economic recovery plan of the Spanish government that took place in Galicia after the Prestige oil spill. It was adopted by the Spanish Council of Ministers on January 23, 2003, in an attempt to mitigate the consequences of the Prestige disaster. Plan Galicia was presented as complementary to the one approved days before by the Xunta de Galicia.

The budgeted amount, 12,459 million euros, represented almost twice the annual budget of the Xunta de Galicia (also twice the state investment in Expo'92 in Seville and ten times more than the Barcelona Olympics).

The Galicia Plan was presented as complementary to the one approved days before by the Xunta, for a value of 1,663 million euros.

A Coruña
A Coruña (Galician pronunciation: [ɐ koˈɾuɲɐ] ⓘ; in Spanish: La Coruña [la koˈɾuɲa] ⓘ; also informally called just Coruña; historical English: Corunna or The Groyne) is a city and municipality in Galicia, Spain. With a population of 249,255, it is the 2nd-largest city in Galicia behind Vigo. The city is the provincial capital of the province of A Coruña, having also served as political capital of the Kingdom of Galicia from the 16th to the 19th centuries, and as a regional administrative centre between 1833 and 1982.

A Coruña is located on a promontory in the Golfo Ártabro, a large gulf on the Atlantic Ocean. It is the main industrial and financial centre of northern Galicia, and holds the headquarters of the Universidade da Coruña. A Coruña is the city with the tallest mean-height of buildings in Spain, also featuring a population density of 21,972 inhabitants per square kilometre (56,910/sq mi) of built land area.
Harry Jansson
Gustav Harry Jansson (also known as Harry Jangneus, June 4, 1916 – March 11, 2002) was a Swedish speed skater who competed in the 1948 Winter Olympics.

In 1948 he finished fourth in the 5000 metres competition, fifth in the 1500 metres event, and eighth in the 10000 metres competition.

Speed skating at the 1948 Winter Olympics – Men's 5000 metres
The 5000 metres speed skating event was part of the speed skating at the 1948 Winter Olympics programme. The competition was held on Sunday, 1 February 1948. Forty speed skaters from 14 nations competed.
2016 Blu Panorama Airlines Tennis Cup
The 2016 Blu Panorama Airlines Tennis Cup was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the second edition of the tournament which was part of the 2016 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Perugia, Italy between 13 and 19 June 2016.

Nicolás Barrientos
Nicolás Barrientos (Spanish pronunciation: [nikoˈlas βaˈrjentos]; born 24 April 1987) is a Colombian professional tennis player who specializes in doubles.
He reached his highest ATP doubles ranking of world No. 47 on 23 April 2024 and a singles ranking of No. 237 on 21 September 2015.
Barrientos has won two ATP Tour doubles titles, including the 2024 Rio Open with Rafael Matos, and 21 titles on the ATP Challenger Tour.
Political impact of the COVID-19 pandemic
The COVID-19 pandemic has influenced politics around the world; it affected the governing and political systems of multiple countries, reflected in states of emergency, suspensions of legislative activities, isolation or deaths of multiple politicians and reschedulings of elections due to fears of spreading the virus. The pandemic has triggered broader debates about political issues such as the relative advantages of democracy and autocracy, how states respond to crises, politicization of beliefs about the virus, and the adequacy of existing frameworks of international cooperation. Additionally, the pandemic has, in some cases, posed several challenges to democracy, leading to it being undermined and damaged.

Multilateralism
In international relations, multilateralism refers to an alliance of multiple countries pursuing a common goal. Multilateralism is based on the principles of inclusivity, equality, and cooperation, and aims to foster a more peaceful, prosperous, and sustainable world.
Middle powers play a crucial role in the international system by promoting multilateralism and internationalism.

One of the key advantages of multilateralism is that it enables countries to solve problems that transcend national boundaries, such as climate change, terrorism, and pandemics, through shared responsibility and burden-sharing. However, multilateralism has challenges. The rise of populism, fascism, and protectionism in some countries has raised concerns about the future of multilateralism and the effectiveness of international cooperation.
Harvey Manning
Harvey Manning (July 16, 1925 in Ballard, Seattle, Washington - November 12, 2006 in Bellevue, Washington) was a noted author of hiking guides and climbing textbooks, and a tireless hiking advocate. Manning lived on Cougar Mountain, within the city limits of Bellevue, Washington, calling his home the "200-meter hut".  His book Walking the Beach to Bellingham is an autobiography and manifesto fleshing out his journal of a hike along the shore of Puget Sound over a two-year span.

From 1954 to 1956, Harvey Manning managed Seattle radio station KISW.

Harvey Manning died November 12, 2006, in Bellevue.

Manifesto
A manifesto is a written declaration of the intentions, motives, or views of the issuer, be it an individual, group, political party, or government. A manifesto can accept a previously published opinion or public consensus, but many prominent manifestos—such as those of various artistic movements—reject accepted knowledge in favor of a new idea. Manifestos relating to religious belief are generally referred to as creeds or confessions of faith.
Dimitris Daskalopoulos
Dimitris Daskalopoulos, OBE (Greek: Δημήτρης Δασκαλόπουλος; born 1957, Athens) is a Greek entrepreneur who is known as founder and chairman of DAMMA Holdings SA, a financial services and investment company. He served as the Chairman of the Board of the Hellenic Federation of Enterprises (SEV) for 8 consecutive years (2006-2014). He is SEV’s Honorary President.

Whitechapel Gallery
The Whitechapel Gallery is a public art gallery in Whitechapel on the north side of Whitechapel High Street, in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets. The original building, designed by Charles Harrison Townsend, opened in 1901 as one of the first publicly funded galleries for temporary exhibitions in London. The building is a notable example of the British Modern Style. In 2009 the gallery approximately doubled in size by incorporating the adjacent former Passmore Edwards library building. It exhibits the work of contemporary artists and organizes retrospective exhibitions and other art shows.
Harden Family Cemetery
The Harden Family Cemetery is a historic cemetery in rural Chicot County, Arkansas.  It is located in a horse pasture off Hardin Road, north of the hamlet of Jennie, which is on Arkansas Highway 13 south of Lake Village.

Arkansas Highway 13
Arkansas Highway 13 (AR 13) is a designation for three state highways in Central Arkansas. One segment of 54.79 miles (88.18 km) runs from U.S. Highway 63/U.S. Highway 79 (US 63/US 79) in Humphrey north to Campground Road east of Beebe. A second segment of 17.76 miles (28.58 km) runs from AR 367 in McRae north to AR 385 west of Judsonia. A third segment of 5.91 miles (9.51 km) runs from AR 367 in Judsonia north to AR 258 east of Providence.

The southern part of AR 13 was replaced by AR 81 during World War II. Then, in 1989, when US 425 was commissioned, it replaced most of AR 81.
Pingle Cutting
Pingle Cutting is a 1.0-hectare (2.5-acre) nature reserve located north of Warboys in Cambridgeshire. It is managed by the Wildlife Trust for Bedfordshire, Cambridgeshire and Northamptonshire.

This former railway cutting features grassland with species such as ox-eye daisy, salad burnet, wild carrot and hairy violet. There is also woodland with forest plants including bluebells and dog's mercury. Over 50 bird species and 300 moth species have been recorded at the reserve.

Access is available from Fenside Road.

Leucanthemum vulgare
Leucanthemum vulgare, commonly known as the ox-eye daisy, oxeye daisy, dog daisy, marguerite (French: Marguerite commune, "common marguerite") and other common names, is a widespread flowering plant native to Europe and the temperate regions of Asia, and an introduced plant to North America, Australia and New Zealand.
An Zhengwen
An Zhengwen (Chinese: 安正文; pinyin: Ān Zhèngwén; Wade–Giles: An Cheng-wen); (Date of birth and death unknown) was an imperial Chinese  painter during the Ming dynasty (1368–1644).

An was born in Wuxi and was known for painting people, landscapes, and buildings.

Yueyang Tower

Yellow Crane Tower

Wuxi
Wuxi (Chinese: 无锡; pinyin: Wúxī, WOO-shee) is a city in southern Jiangsu, China. As of 2024, it had a population of 7,495,000. The city lies in the southern Yangtze delta and borders Lake Tai. Notable landmarks include Lihu Park, the Mt. Lingshan Grand Buddha Scenic Area and its 88-meter (289 ft)-tall Grand Buddha at Ling Shan statue, Xihui Park, Wuxi Zoo, and the Wuxi Museum. Transportation options include Wuxi Shuofang Airport, Wuxi Metro, Shanghai–Nanjing intercity high-speed railway, and Beijing–Shanghai high-speed railway. Wuxi is home to Jiangnan University.
Gideon D. Bailey
Gideon Dore Bailey (February 25, 1819 – May 20, 1879) was a farmer and political figure in New Brunswick. He represented Queen's County in the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick from 1865 to 1866 and from 1870 to 1872.

He was born in Sunbury County, New Brunswick. In 1848, he married Hannah Branscombe. He was a justice of the peace and lieutenant colonel in the county militia. Bailey was also president of the Agricultural Society. He resigned his seat in the assembly in 1872 after he was named to the Legislative Council; he remained a member of the council until his death at the age of 60.

Sunbury County, New Brunswick
Sunbury County (2021 population 27,864) is located in central New Brunswick, Canada. A large military base (CFB Gagetown) is located in the western part of the county south of the town of Oromocto. The county also hosts forestry and mixed farming. Burton is the county shire town.
Toshiko Akiyoshi Trio Live at Blue Note Tokyo '97
Toshiko Akiyoshi Trio featuring Motohiko Hino - Live at Blue Note Tokyo '97 is a jazz trio album recorded by pianist Toshiko Akiyoshi featuring drummer Motohiko Hino.  It was recorded in 1997 in the Tokyo Blue Note club and was released by Nippon Crown Records.

Nippon Crown
Nippon Crown Co., Ltd. (日本クラウン株式会社, Nippon Kuraun Kabushikaisha) is a Japanese record label established as Crown Records on 6 September 1963. It is a spin-off of Nippon Columbia and is owned by karaoke maker Daiichikosho. The record label singles which topped the Oricon Singles Chart are Kaze's "22-Sai no Wakare" (1975), and Gackt's "Returner (Yami no Shūen)" (2007).
Hpakant
Hpakant (Burmese: ဖားကန့်, Burmese pronunciation: [pʰá ga̰ɰ̃]; Shan: ၽႃၵၢၼ်ႉ, also Hpakan and Phakant) is a town in Hpakant Township, Kachin State in the northernmost part of Myanmar (Burma). It is located on the Uyu River 350 kilometres (220 mi) north of Mandalay. It is famous for its jade mines which produce gem-quality jadeite.

Jadeite
Jadeite is a pyroxene mineral with composition NaAlSi2O6. It is hard (Mohs hardness of about 6.5 to 7.0), very tough, and dense, with a specific gravity of about 3.4. It is found in a wide range of colors, but is most often found in shades of green or white. Jadeite is formed only in the subduction zones of continental margins, where rock undergoes metamorphism at high pressure but relatively low temperature.

Jadeite is the principal mineral making up the most valuable form of jade, a precious stone particularly prized in China. Most gem-quality jadeite jade comes from northern Myanmar. Jade tools and implements have been found at Stone Age sites, showing that the mineral has been prized by humans since before the beginning of written history.
Stare Žage
Stare Žage (pronounced [ˈstaːɾɛ ˈʒaːɡɛ]; formerly also Stara žaga; German: Altsag, Gottscheerish: Autshug or Aotschock) is a settlement in the Municipality of Dolenjske Toplice in Slovenia. The area is part of the historical region of Lower Carniola. The municipality is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.

Municipality of Dolenjske Toplice
The Municipality of Dolenjske Toplice (Slovene: Občina Dolenjske Toplice; pronounced [ˈóːptʃina dɔˈleːnskɛ tɔˈpliːtsɛ]) is a municipality near Novo Mesto in southeastern Slovenia. Its seat is the town of Dolenjske Toplice. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola. The municipality is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.
2009–10 Fairfield Stags men's basketball team
The 2009–10 Fairfield Stags men's basketball team represented Fairfield University during the 2009–10 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Stags, led by 4th year head coach Ed Cooley, played their home games at The Arena at Harbor Yard and are members of the Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference. The Stags finished the season 23–11, 13–5 in MAAC play. They lost in the finals of the 2010 MAAC men's basketball tournament to Siena in an overtime thriller. They earned a bid to the 2010 CollegeInsider.com Postseason Tournament where they defeated George Mason in the first round before falling in the second round to Creighton.

2009–10 Creighton Bluejays men's basketball team
The 2009–10 Creighton Bluejays men's basketball team represented Creighton University in the 2009–10 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. Led by head coach Dana Altman in his 16th and subsequently final season as he would take the job at Oregon following the season. Creighton would then hire Greg McDermott as his successor. In 2009–10, the Bluejays would end the regular season with a record of 16–15 and despite losing in the first round of the Missouri Valley Conference tournament, they would qualify for the CIT and make their way to the semifinal round before losing to eventual champion Missouri State.
Maffeo Pantaleoni
Maffeo Pantaleoni (Italian: [mafˈfɛːo pantaleˈoːni]; 2 July 1857 –  29 October 1924) was an Italian economist. Born in Frascati, at first he was a notable proponent of neoclassical economics. Later in his life, before and during World War I, he became an ardent Italian nationalist and syndicalist, with close ties to the Italian fascism movement. He was Minister of Finance in the Carnaro government of Gabriele D'Annunzio at Fiume, which lasted for fifteen months between 1919 and 1920. Shortly before his death in Milan, he was elected to the Italian Senate.

Italian nationalism
Italian nationalism (Italian: Nazionalismo italiano) is a movement which believes that the Italians are a nation with a single homogeneous identity, and therefrom seeks to promote the cultural unity of Italy as a country. From an Italian nationalist perspective, Italianness is defined as claiming cultural and ethnic descent from the Latins, an Italic tribe which originally dwelt in Latium and came to dominate the Italian peninsula and much of Europe. Because of that, Italian nationalism has also historically adhered to imperialist theories.

Italian nationalism is often thought to trace its origins to the Renaissance, but only arose as a political force in the 1830s under the leadership of Giuseppe Mazzini. It served as a cause for Risorgimento in the 1860s to 1870s. Italian nationalism became strong again in World War I with Italian irredentist claims to territories held by Austria-Hungary, and during the era of Italian Fascism.
Flag of the president of the United States
The flag of the president of the United States consists of the presidential seal on a dark blue background.  While having the same design as the presidential seal since 1945, the flag has a separate history, and the designs on the flag and seal have at different times influenced each other. The flag is often displayed near the president in official photos, or flown next to the casket of a former president in official funeral processions, and flown on the president's motorcade. The flag is not flown at half-staff since there is always an incumbent president in office. Unlike some head of state standards, the presidential flag does not fly on the White House flag pole instead of the national flag when the president is in residence; the flag of the United States continuously flies over the White House whether the president is at home or not.

Motorcade
A motorcade, or autocade, is a procession of motor vehicles, which can be used for ceremonial processions, funerals or demonstrations, or to provide security while transporting a very important person. The American presidential motorcade is an example of both and is a staple of public appearances by the president of the United States.