hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Grand Chess Tour 2021
The Grand Chess Tour 2021 was a series of chess tournaments, which was sixth edition of Grand Chess Tour. It consisted five tournaments, including two tournaments with classical time control and three tournaments with faster time controls. It was won by American grandmaster Wesley So.

Glossary of chess
This glossary of chess explains commonly used terms in chess, in alphabetical order. Some of these terms have their own pages, like fork and pin.

For a list of:

unorthodox chess pieces, see Fairy chess piece;

terms specific to chess problems, see Glossary of chess problems;

named opening lines, see List of chess openings;

chess-related games, see List of chess variants;

terms general to board games, see Glossary of board games.
Professor Shonku (short story collection)
Professor Shonku is a collection of nine science fiction short stories by Satyajit Ray featuring the fictional scientist-inventor Professor Shonku. The collection was first published in 1965 by Calcutta publisher NewScript Publications.

The original collection contained seven stories, while the eight and ninth stories were added in later editions. Eight of the nine stories were published in the children's magazine Sandesh, while the ninth, "Professor Shonku o Bhoot", was previously published in Ashcharya. The short stories are written in epistolary form, using dated diary entries as a framing device.

Frame story
A frame story (also known as a frame tale, framing device, frame narrative, sandwich narrative, or intercalation) is a literary technique that serves as a companion piece to a story within a story, where an introductory or main narrative sets the stage either for a more emphasized second narrative or for a set of shorter stories. The frame story leads readers from a first story into one or more other stories within it. The frame story may also be used to inform readers about aspects of the secondary narrative(s) that may otherwise be hard to understand. This should not be confused with narrative structure. Notable examples are the 1001 Nights and The Decameron.
Appomattox River Bridge
Appomattox River Bridge, also known as Route 24 Bridge, is a historic road bridge located near Appomattox, Appomattox County, Virginia, in the Appomattox Court House National Historical Park.  The bridge has specially designed elements that commemorate the end of the American Civil War.

Appomattox County, Virginia
Appomattox County (/ˌæpəˈmætəks/ A-pə-MA-təks) is a United States county located in the Piedmont region and near the center of the Commonwealth of Virginia. The county is part of the Lynchburg metropolitan area, and its county seat is the town of Appomattox.

Appomattox County was created in 1845 from parts of four other Virginia counties. The name of the county comes from the Appamatuck Indians, who lived in the area. As of the 2020 census, the population was 16,119.
Rupertus
Rupertus is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Glenn Rupertus, Canadian former biathlete

Jacob Rupertus (1822/1823–1921), American handgun designer and manufacturer

William H. Rupertus (1889–1945), American major general in the United States Marine Corps

See also

Rupertus Meldenius, aka Peter Meiderlin and Peter Meuderlinus, (1582 1651), German  Lutheran theologian and educator

Rupertus Tuitensis (c. 1075/1080 – c. 1129), Belgian benedictine theologian, exegete and writer on liturgical and musical topics

USS Rupertus (DD-851) was a Gearing-class destroyer of the United States Navy

William H. Rupertus
William Henry Rupertus (November 14, 1889 – March 25, 1945) was a major general in the United States Marine Corps, who commanded the famed 1st Marine Division in the Pacific in World War II and also authored the USMC Rifleman's Creed.
Bacchus, Venus and Ariadne (Tintoretto)
Bacchus, Venus and Ariadne is an oil painting executed in Venice in 1576–77 by the Italian painter Jacopo Tintoretto which hangs in the Sala dell'Anticollegio at the Doge's Palace (the Pallazzo Ducale) in Venice. It is one of four almost square paintings on mythological subjects in the same room which were commissioned to celebrate the government of Doge Girolamo Priuli (1486–1567).

Doge's Palace
The Doge's Palace (Doge pronounced /doʊ(d)ʒ/; Italian: Palazzo Ducale; Venetian: Pałaso Dogal) is a palace built in Venetian Gothic style, and one of the main landmarks of the city of Venice in northern Italy. The palace included government offices, a jail, and the residence of the Doge of Venice, the elected authority of the former Republic of Venice. It was originally built in 810, rebuilt in 1340 and extended and modified in the following centuries. It became a museum in 1923 and is one of 11 museums run by the Fondazione Musei Civici di Venezia.
Lake Mangakaware
Lake Mangakaware is a peat lake in the Waikato region, outside Te Awamutu, in the North Island of New Zealand. It is one of 31 in the region. The lake has a depth of 4.8 metres, and an area of 12.9 hectares. The lake has cultural significance due to a number of archaeological finds close to its waters, including a pā site.

Water quality in the lake has declined, with plants in the lake declining significantly between 2005 and 2010. Volunteers have been seeking to fix this through improving the biodiversity of the surrounding area. Planting days have been organised to establish native plants such as mānuka and kahikatea, and stop the spread of invasive species such as gorse.

Ulex
Ulex (commonly known as gorse, furze, or whin) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. The genus comprises about 20 species of thorny evergreen shrubs in the subfamily Faboideae of the pea family Fabaceae. The species are native to parts of western Europe and northwest Africa, with the majority of species in Iberia.

Gorse is closely related to the brooms, and like them, it has green stems, very small leaves and is adapted to dry growing conditions. However, it differs from the brooms in its extreme thorniness, the shoots being modified into branched thorns 1–4 centimetres (1⁄2–1+1⁄2 inches) long, which almost wholly replace the leaves as the plant's functioning photosynthetic organs. The leaves of young plants are trifoliate, but in mature plants, they are reduced to scales or small spines.  All the species have yellow flowers, generally showy, some with a very long flowering season.
Christianity in Georgia (country)
In 2020, 85.84% of the population in Georgia adhered to Christianity (mainly Georgian Orthodox), 11% were Muslim, 0.1% were Jewish, 0.04% were Baháʼí and 3% had no religious beliefs.  Other religious groups include Jehovah's Witnesses and Yazidis. Orthodox churches serving other non-Georgian ethnic groups, such as Russians and Greeks, are subordinate to the Georgian Orthodox Church.

A Pew Research Center study about religion and education around the world in 2016, found that between the various Christian communities, Georgia ranks as the third highest nation in terms of Christians who obtain a university degree in institutions of higher education (57%).

Pew Research Center
The Pew Research Center (also simply known as Pew) is a nonpartisan American think tank based in Washington, D.C. It provides information on social issues, public opinion, and demographic trends shaping the United States and the world. It also conducts public opinion polling, demographic research, random sample survey research, and panel based surveys,  media content analysis, and other empirical social science research.

The Pew Research Center states it does not take policy stances. It is a subsidiary of the Pew Charitable Trusts and a charter member of the American Association of Public Opinion Research's Transparency Initiative.
Ashvini Yardi
Ashvini Yardi is an Indian producer of Hindi movies such as OMG – Oh My God!, 72 Miles, Bhaji in Problem, Fugly and Singh Is Bliing.

After having a 20-year-long career in television, Yardi formed Grazing Goat Pictures with actor Akshay Kumar in December 2011. At Zee TV she opted for shows such as Saat Phere, Sailaab, Kasamh Se, Sarrkar, Teen Bahuraaniyaan, Banoo Main Teri Dulhann, Ghar ki Lakshmi Betiyaan, Banegi Apni Baat, among several others. She also conceptualized the singing reality show Sa Re Ga Ma Pa Challenge and Lil' Champs before leaving to join Colors. At Colors, she brought in shows such as Uttaran, Balika Vadhu, Bigg Boss, Khatron Ke Khiladi, Veer Shivaji, Laado and took the new channel zooming to the No 1 spot.

She has earned a BA in Psychology, Advertising and Marketing from XIC, Mumbai.

Singh Is Bliing
Singh Is Bliing is a 2015 Indian Hindi-language action comedy film directed by Prabhu Deva and produced by Ashvini Yardi under Grazing Goat Pictures, which provided the story and screenplay. The film stars Akshay Kumar, Amy Jackson, Lara Dutta and Kay Kay Menon. It is a quasi-sequel to the 2008 film Singh Is Kinng. The film was alleged to be plagiarized from My Wife Is a Gangster 3.

Singh Is Bliing was released in global cinemas on 2 October 2015, coinciding with Gandhi Jayanti, to mixed reviews from critics. Despite receiving mixed to negative reviews, the film became managed to recover its budget and more at the box office by grossing over ₹135 crores worldwide against a budget of ₹70 crores, with critics praising Kumar's performance. It was one of the highest grossers of the year.
Rakhmanov (surname)
Rakhmanov (feminine: Rakhmanova) is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Aleksandr Rakhmanov (born 1989), Russian chess grandmaster

Artsyom Rakhmanaw (born 1990), Belarusian footballer

Aza Rakhmanova (1932 – 2015), Russian AIDS and Hepatitis expert

Bakhodyr Rakhmanov (born 1964), Uzbekistani football player

Christine Rakhmanov (1760–1827), Russian actress and singer

Huseyn Rahmanov (1902–1938), Azerbaijani politician

Mikhail Rakhmanov (born 1992), Kazakhstani ice hockey player

Olga Rakhmanova (1871-1943), Russian actress and film director

Shavkat Rakhmonov (born 1994), Kazakh mixed martial artist

Sultan Rakhmanov (1950–2003), Ukrainian weightlifter

Vagif Rakhmanov (born 1940), Azerbaijani artist

Yuliya Rakhmanova (born 1991), Kazakhstani sprinter

Zamira Rakhmanova (born 1995), Russian wrestler

Zhurahon Rahmonov (1917–1977), founder of the theater named after Babur Osh, Kyrgyz Soviet film and theater actor

Zhurahon Rahmonov
Zhurahon Rahmonberdievich Rahmonov (Russian: Журахон Рахмонбердиевич Рахмонов) (1917–1977) was the founder of the theater named after Babur Osh, Kyrgyz Soviet film and theater actor. He was an honored artist of the Uzbek SSR (1974).
Lazy loading
Lazy loading (also known as asynchronous loading) is a technique used in computer programming, especially web design and web development, to defer initialization of an object until it is needed. It can contribute to efficiency in the program's operation if properly and appropriately used. This makes it ideal in use cases where network content is accessed and initialization times are to be kept at a minimum, such as in the case of web pages. For example, deferring loading of images on a web page until they are needed for viewing can make the initial display of the web page faster. The opposite of lazy loading is eager loading.

Web page
A web page, or webpage, is a Web document that is accessed in a web browser. A website typically consists of many web pages linked together under a common domain name. The term "web page" is therefore a metaphor of paper pages bound together into a book.
Seva (given name)
Seva is a given name. As a Russian masculine given name, it is a diminutive for Vsevolod or Sevastyan (Sebastian). Notable people with the nae include:

Seva Granik, New York City-based party promoter

Seva Gunitsky, American political scientist.

Seva Novgorodsev (born 1940), a BBC Russian Service presenter, famous in the Soviet Union

Seva Rokobaro a Fijian former international rugby union player

Seva Novgorodsev
MBE Seva Levenstein-Novgorodsev (born Vsevolod Borisovich Levenshtein on 9 July 1940), better known as Seva Novgorodsev (Russian: Се́ва Новгоро́дцев), is a former radio presenter on the BBC Russian Service. He is famous throughout the former Soviet Union, being widely considered as Russia's first radio DJ.
Gurawra
Gurawara (or Guraora) is in Rewari tehsil of Rewari district, Haryana, India. It is 27.5 kilometres (17.1 mi) from Rewari on the Rewari-Jhajjar road. Gurawara Fort is a local landmark. Under CSC, it became the first digital village of India.

52.78% of the population is male and 47.21% of the population is female (2884). Gurawara has an average literacy (4136) rate of 67.71%, lower than the national average of 74%: male literacy (2475) is 59.84%, and female literacy (1661) is 40.15% of the total. In Gurawara, Rewari, 11.13% of the population is under 6 years of age (680).

Rewari
Rewari is a city and a municipal council in Rewari district in the Indian state of Haryana. It is the district headquarters of Rewari district. It is located in south-west Haryana around 82 km from Delhi and 51 km from Gurgaon. It lies in Ahirwal region.
2025 NCAA Beach Volleyball Championship
The 2025 NCAA Beach Volleyball Championship (officially the 2025 National Collegiate Beach Volleyball Championship) was an intercollegiate tournament to determine the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) women's beach volleyball national champion for the 2024–25 season. The ninth edition of the tournament was held from May 2 to 4, 2025, at Gulf Place Public Beach in Gulf Shores, Alabama. The 2025 championship features a single-elimination-only bracket for the second time, along with a 16-team field. Eight of the participating schools automatically qualified by winning their respective conference tournaments, while the other eight were given at-large bids by the NCAA Women's Beach Volleyball Committee. The tournament was broadcast on ESPN, ESPN2, ESPNU, & ESPN+.

TCU won the first national championship in its program history, taking down Loyola Marymount in the final duel, 3-2. It was also the first NCAA beach volleyball championship won by a school outside Los Angeles.

ESPNU
ESPNU is an American multinational digital cable and satellite sports television channel owned by ESPN Inc., a joint venture between the Walt Disney Company (which owns a controlling 72% stake via indirect subsidiary ABC Inc.), Hearst Communications (which owns 18%), and the National Football League (which owns 10%). The channel is primarily dedicated to coverage of college athletics, and is also used as an additional outlet for general ESPN programming. ESPNU is based alongside its sister networks at ESPN's headquarters in Bristol, Connecticut.

As of November 2023, ESPNU is available to approximately 36,000,000 pay television households in the United States, down from its 2014 peak of 75,000,000 households.
Waltham-on-the-Wolds railway station
Waltham on the Wolds railway station was a railway station at the end of the Waltham Branch, serving the village of Waltham on the Wolds, Leicestershire. The Waltham Branch was built by the Great Northern Railway from the Great Northern and London and North Western Joint Railway at Scalford to exploit ironstone deposits in the area.

The station opened in April 1883 but never had a regular passenger train service, which was confirmed in the edition of The Railway Magazine published in May 1932.

Instead, it was used only for specials bringing visitors to Waltham Fair or to race meetings at Croxton Park until at least 1907 or 1906.

The Eaton Branch Railway began at "Eaton Junction" immediately south of the station. It served the ironstone quarries that surrounded the village of Eaton.

From 1916 to 1918, the line was used for military specials serving Harrowby Army Camp, after which it was used for freight or occasional enthusiast specials, until completely closed in 1964.

Ironstone
Ironstone is a sedimentary rock, either deposited directly as a ferruginous sediment or created by chemical replacement, that contains a substantial proportion of an iron ore compound from which iron (Fe) can be smelted commercially.

Not to be confused with native or telluric iron, which is very rare and found in metallic form, the term ironstone is customarily restricted to hard, coarsely banded, non-banded, and non-cherty sedimentary rocks of post-Precambrian age. The Precambrian deposits, which have a different origin, are generally known as banded iron formations. The iron minerals comprising ironstones can consist either of oxides, i.e. limonite, hematite, and magnetite; carbonates, i.e. siderite; silicates, i.e. chamosite; or some combination of these minerals.
Mardistan
The district of Mardistan, in historic Armenia corresponds to Artaz, the origin of the Amatuni. The district of Mardali (Mardaghi) must have been located to the south of Erzurum, north of the Bingöl sources. The Mards of this section of the country were evidently immigrants from the South, says Nicholas Adontz.

Erzurum
Erzurum (Armenian: Կարին, romanized: Karin; Kurdish: Erzîrom) is a city in eastern Anatolia, Turkey. It is the largest city and capital of Erzurum Province and is 1,900 meters (6,233 feet) above sea level. Erzurum had a population of 367,250 in 2010. It is the site of ancient Theodosiopolis.

The city uses the double-headed eagle as its coat-of-arms, a motif that has been a common symbol throughout Anatolia since the Bronze Age.

Erzurum has winter sports facilities, hosted the 2011 Winter Universiade, and the 2023 Winter Deaflympics (in March 2024).
Gemechu Woyecha
Gemechu Woyecha (born 3 February 1979) is an Australian long-distance runner who specializes in the marathon.

He was born in Ethiopia, and also represented Qatar formerly, under the name Rashid Khaled Jamal. He competed in the 2000 Olympic marathon, but did not finish the race. He later defected to Australia. In his new home country he won the 2004 Gold Coast Marathon.

His personal best time is 2:14:50 hours, achieved in 2001. As an Australian citizen his best mark is 2:15.27 hours, achieved when he finished eighth at the 2008 Nagano Marathon.

Nagano Olympic Commemorative Marathon
The Nagano Olympic Commemorative Marathon (Japanese: 長野オリンピック記念 長野マラソン) is an annual marathon road race which takes place in mid-April in Nagano, Japan. It is an IAAF Bronze Label Road Race competition.  The Nagano Marathon has races for both elite and amateur runners. It is named in honour of the 1998 Winter Olympics which were held in Nagano.

The course has a point-to-point style and it has received accreditation from the Japan Association of Athletics Federations and AIMS. The route begins at the Nagano Sports Park and heads in a generally southern direction, passing the Zenkō-ji temple before finishing at the Nagano Olympic Stadium. The route incorporates four of the former Olympic venues into the race.
Marius Gullerud
Marius Asak Gullerud (born 20 February 1977) is a Norwegian football midfielder.

He started his career in Skjetten SK and joined Kongsvinger IL ahead of the 1997 season. After 112 league games for the club, he went on to Hamarkameratene in 2002. In 2011, he joined fourth-tier club Flisbyen BK.

Hamarkameratene
Hamarkameratene (lit. 'the Hamar Comrades'), often abbreviated to HamKam or Ham-Kam, is a Norwegian professional football club based in the town of Hamar. The club was founded in 1918, originally under the name Freidig.

HamKam were most recently promoted to the Eliteserien in 2021. A third-place finish in 1970 is the highest position that the team has held in the top division; the club has never progressed beyond the semifinals of the Norwegian Cup, last reaching the semifinals in 1989.

Briskeby Stadion has been the home ground of Hamarkameratene since 1936. The construction of a completely modernized stadium began in 2007 but has never been completed. Originally scheduled to be completed in 2009, the expanded Briskeby is expected to have a capacity of 10,200 spectators on completion, but currently has a capacity of approximately 8,100.
1994 Paris Open
The 1994 Paris Open was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts. It was the 22nd edition of the Paris Masters, and is part of the ATP Championship Series, Single-Wee of the 1995 ATP Tour. It took place at the Palais omnisports de Paris-Bercy in Paris, France, from 31 October to 7 November 1994. Eighth-seeded Andre Agassi won the singles title.

The singles draw was headlined by ATP No. 1, Indian Wells, Key Biscayne, Rome, Wimbledon, U.S. Open titlist, Queen's finalist, Australian Open semi-finalist Pete Sampras, Kitzubhel, Tokyo (1994 ATP Tokyo Indoor winner), Stockholm, Bucharest, Wimbledon runner-up, Paris defending champion Goran Ivanišević and Rotterdam (1994 ABN Amro World Tennis Tournament), Munich, Halle champion, 1993 Tennis Masters Cup winner Michael Stich. Other top seeds were French Open titlist and Monte Carlo finalist Sergi Bruguera, Doha winner, 1990 Paris champion Stefan Edberg, Boris Becker, Michael Chang and Andre Agassi.

1993 Paris Open
The 1993 Paris Open was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts. It was the 21st edition of the Paris Masters, and was part of the ATP Championship Series, Single-Week of the 1993 ATP Tour. It took place at the Palais omnisports de Paris-Bercy in Paris, France, from 1 November through 8 November 1993. Ninth-seeded Goran Ivanišević won the singles title.

The draw was headlined by world No. 1 Pete Sampras, Jim Courier, and Boris Becker. Other top seeds were Michael Stich, Sergi Bruguera, Stefan Edberg, Michael Chang, and Goran Ivanišević.
Mary Beard
Dame Winifred Mary Beard (born 1 January 1955) is an English classicist specialising in Ancient Rome. She is a trustee of the British Museum and formerly held a personal professorship of classics at the University of Cambridge. She is a fellow of Newnham College, Cambridge, and Royal Academy of Arts Professor of Ancient Literature.

Beard is the classics editor of The Times Literary Supplement, for which she also writes a regular blog, "A Don's Life". Her frequent media appearances and sometimes controversial public statements have led to her being described as "Britain's best-known classicist". In 2014, The New Yorker characterised her as "learned but accessible".

Ancient literature
Ancient literature comprises religious and scientific documents, tales, poetry and plays, royal edicts and declarations, and other forms of writing that were recorded on a variety of media, including stone, clay tablets, papyri, palm leaves, and metal.

Before the spread of writing, oral literature did not always survive well, but some texts and fragments have persisted.

An unknown number of written works have not survived the ravages of time and are therefore lost.
WAY-181187
WAY-181187 is a high affinity and selective 5-HT6 receptor full agonist. It induces robust increases in extracellular GABA levels in the frontal cortex, hippocampus, striatum, and amygdala of rats without affecting concentrations in the nucleus accumbens or thalamus, and has modest to no effects on norepinephrine, serotonin, dopamine, or glutamate levels in these areas. WAY-181187 has demonstrated preclinical efficacy in rodent models of depression, anxiety, and notably obsessive-compulsive disorder, though it has also been shown to impair cognition and memory.

Glossary of biology
This glossary of biology terms is a list of definitions of fundamental terms and concepts used in biology, the study of life and of living organisms. It is intended as introductory material for novices; for more specific and technical definitions from sub-disciplines and related fields, see Glossary of cell biology, Glossary of genetics, Glossary of evolutionary biology, Glossary of ecology, Glossary of environmental science and Glossary of scientific naming, or any of the organism-specific glossaries in Category:Glossaries of biology.