hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Trish Salah
Trish Salah is an Arab Canadian poet, activist, and academic. She is the author of the poetry collections Wanting in Arabic (TSAR Publications, 2002) and Lyric Sexology Vol. 1 (Roof Books, 2014). An expanded Canadian edition of Lyric Sexology Vol. 1 was published by Metonymy Press in 2017.

TSAR Publications
TSAR Publications is a Toronto-based nonprofit book publisher focusing on multicultural literature, particularly Canadian authors and subject matter.

TSAR Publications began as the literary journal The Toronto Review of Contemporary Writing Abroad (which was previously called The Toronto South Asian Review) in 1981, by M. G. Vassanji and Nurjehan Aziz, among others. Authors that appeared in the Toronto Review include Austin Clarke, Michael Ondaatje, David Dabydeen, Ian Iqbal Rashid and Dionne Brand. The press was established in 1985 with the publication of a volume of essays on South Asian literature in North America. TSAR has published works on Canadian Studies, Postcolonial literature, Women's Studies, African literature, Asian literature, Caribbean Literature, and Canadian Literature.

TSAR Publications changed its name to Mawenzi House at some point prior to May 2020.
Logical effort
The method of logical effort, a term coined by Ivan Sutherland and Bob Sproull in 1991, is a straightforward technique used to estimate delay in a CMOS circuit.  Used properly, it can aid in selection of gates for a given function (including the number of stages necessary) and sizing gates to achieve the minimum delay possible for a circuit.

Ivan Sutherland
Ivan Edward Sutherland (born May 16, 1938) is an American computer scientist and Internet pioneer, widely regarded as a pioneer of computer graphics. His early work in computer graphics as well as his teaching with David C. Evans in that subject at the University of Utah in the 1970s was pioneering in the field. Sutherland, Evans, and their students from that era developed several foundations of modern computer graphics. He received the 1988 ACM Turing Award for the invention of the Sketchpad, an early predecessor to the sort of graphical user interface that has become ubiquitous in personal computers, and his contributions to computer graphics. He is a member of the National Academy of Engineering, as well as the National Academy of Sciences among many other major awards. In 2012, he was awarded the Kyoto Prize in Advanced Technology for "pioneering achievements in the development of computer graphics and interactive interfaces".
1976 Democratic Party presidential primaries
From January 27 to June 8, 1976, voters of the Democratic Party chose its nominee for president in the 1976 United States presidential election. Former Georgia governor Jimmy Carter was selected as the nominee through a series of primary elections and caucuses culminating in the 1976 Democratic National Convention held from July 12 to July 15, 1976, in New York City.

The primaries took place after the Watergate scandal and the subsequent Democratic landslide in the 1974 midterm elections. Going into the presidential election, the Democratic Party stood a strong chance of recapturing control of the White House. Hoping to avoid a repeat of 1972, Democrats nominated centrist Georgia governor Jimmy Carter to reclaim the Solid South and win back northern working-class voters. He ultimately defeated President Gerald Ford by a narrow margin, which was the only Democratic presidential win from 1964 until 1992.

Caucus
A caucus is a group or meeting of supporters or members of a specific political party or movement. The exact definition varies between different countries and political cultures.

The term originated in the United States, where it can refer to a meeting of members of a political party to nominate candidates, plan policy, etc., in the United States Congress, or other similar representative organs of government. It has spread to certain Commonwealth countries, including Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and South Africa, where it generally refers to a regular meeting of all members of Parliament (MPs) who belong to a parliamentary party: a party caucus may have the ability to elect or dismiss the party's parliamentary leader. The term was used historically in the United Kingdom to refer to the Liberal Party's internal system of management and control.
Cousin Phillis
Cousin Phillis' is a novella published between 1863 and 1864 by Elizabeth Gaskell. It was first published in four parts in The Cornhill Magazine, though a fifth and sixth part were planned. Later it was published in book form, including an edition in 1908 with illustrations by Mary Wheelhouse.  The story is about 19-year-old Paul Manning, who moves to the country and befriends his mother's family and his (second) cousin Phillis Holman, who is confused by her own placement at the edge of adolescence.

Most critics agree that Cousin Phillis is Gaskell's crowning achievement in the short novel. The story is uncomplicated; its virtues are in the manner of its development and telling. Cousin Phillis is also recognized as a fitting prelude for Gaskell's final and most widely acclaimed novel, Wives and Daughters, which ran in Cornhill Magazine from August 1864 to January 1866.

In 1982 a BBC television adaptation Cousin Phillis starring Anne-Louise Lambert, Tim Woodward and Ian Bannen.

Mary Wheelhouse
Mary Vermuyden Wheelhouse (12 December 1867 – c. 1947) was an English painter, illustrator, toymaker and suffragist. She was a member of organisations including the Women's International Art Club (WIAC) and the Artists' Suffrage League (ASL).
Manu Maʻu
Manu Maʻu (born 24 August 1988) is a rugby league footballer who plays as a second-row forward for the Souths Sharks in Mackay, Queensland. He has played for both Tonga and New Zealand at international level.

He previously played for the Parramatta Eels in the NRL and Hull FC in the Super League.

NSW Cup
The NSW Cup, currently known as the Knock-On Effect NSW Cup for sponsorship reasons, is a rugby league competition for clubs in New South Wales. The competition has a history dating back to the NSWRFL's origins in 1908, starting off as a reserve grade competition, and is now the premier open age competition in the state. The New South Wales Cup, along with the Queensland Cup, acts as a feeder competition to the National Rugby League premiership. The competition is the oldest continuous rugby league competition in Australia.

The NSW Cup is contested by reserve squads of NSW-based NRL teams and also includes sides representing teams that once competed at the first grade level in the NSWRL Premiership but no longer field teams in the NRL competition, and teams that have not fielded teams in the NRL competition. The North Sydney Bears are the only team to have competed in every season, since the start of the competition since 1908.
Brian Vaganek
Brian Vaganek Sr. (born July 12, 1970) is an American college football coach. He is the defensive coordinator and linebackers coach for the College of the Holy Cross, positions he has held since 2024. He was the head football coach for Fort Scott Community College from 2004 to 2005. He also coached for Highland (KS), William & Mary, Hofstra, Maynard Evans High School, Christopher Newport, Rhode Island, and New Haven. He played college football for Temple as a center and defensive tackle.

William & Mary Tribe football
The William & Mary Tribe are a college football team representing the College of William & Mary in Williamsburg, Virginia. William & Mary competes in CAA Football, a single-sport NCAA Division I Football Championship Subdivision conference operated by the Tribe's primary athletic home of the Coastal Athletic Association. They are currently coached by Mike London. He succeeds Jimmye Laycock, who was the head coach of the Tribe for 39 years.

In 2008, William & Mary opened the Jimmye Laycock Football Center, housing the Tribe locker room, football players' classroom study sessions and tape review rooms.

The College of William & Mary has transitioned through several official nicknames since its athletic program began in 1893. From 1893 to 1916, William & Mary football players were known as the Orange and White because those were the old official school colors. From 1916 to 1977, all William & Mary athletes were known as the Indians. Since 1978, they have been known as the Tribe.
Semiconductor Science and Technology
Semiconductor Science and Technology is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering all applied or explicitly applicable experimental and theoretical studies of the properties of semiconductors and their interfaces, devices, and packaging. The journal publishes different article types including research papers, rapid communications, and topical reviews. The editor-in-chief is Koji Ishibashi (Advanced Device Laboratory, RIKEN, Japan). The previous editors-in-chief were Kornelius Nielsch (University of Hamburg) and Laurens Molenkamp (University of Würzburg).

The journal is indexed in Inspec, Chemical Abstracts, Compendex, Applied Science and Technology Abstracts, Applied Science and Technology Index, PASCAL, VINITI Database RAS, and Science Citation Index Expanded.

PASCAL (database)
PASCAL is a scientific bibliographic database, which is maintained by INIST (CNRS). PASCAL covers the core scientific literature in science, technology and medicine with a special emphasis on European literature.

As of 2012, PASCAL maintains a database of more than 17 million records, 90% of which are author abstracts. Its coverage is from 1973 to present. Its source documents are composed of journal articles at 88% (3,085 international titles), proceedings at 9%, and dissertations, books, patents, and reports account combined for 3%.
Green Acre Estates, Alberta
Green Acre Estates is an unincorporated community in Alberta, Canada within Parkland County that is recognized as a designated place by Statistics Canada. It is located on the west side of Range Road 274, 1.6 km (0.99 mi) south of Highway 628. It is adjacent to the Town of Stony Plain to the northwest and the designated place of Garden Grove Estates to the south.

Alberta Highway 628
Alberta Provincial Highway No. 628, commonly referred to as Highway 628, is a highway in the province of Alberta, Canada, that runs west to east through the Edmonton Capital Region in two sections. The western 19-kilometre-long (12 mi) section runs from the town of Stony Plain to the Edmonton city limits at 231 Street (Range Road 261). The eastern 6-kilometre-long (4 mi) section, also known as a Whitemud Extension, runs from Anthony Henday Drive to Highway 21 and it is just at the south of Sherwood Park.

Whitemud Drive (79 Avenue west of Winterburn Road) connects both sections directly through Edmonton city limits. However, it is not signed as Highway 628 – is also known as 79 Avenue in Stony Plain.
Fencing at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Women's épée
The women's épée competition in fencing at the 2012 Olympic Games in London was held on 30 July at the ExCeL Exhibition Centre.

Yana Shemyakina from Ukraine won the gold medal. After a time-keeping error by a games volunteer in the second semi final, Shin A-Lam controversially lost her match to her German opponent in extra time.

Épée
The épée (/ˈɛpeɪ, ˈeɪ-/, French: [epe]; lit. 'sword'), also rendered as epee in English, is the largest and heaviest of the three weapons used in the sport of fencing. The modern épée derives from the 19th-century épée de combat, a weapon which itself derives from the French small sword.

As a thrusting weapon, the épée is similar to a foil (contrasted with a sabre, which is designed for slashing). It has a stiffer blade than a foil. It is triangular in cross-section with a V-shaped groove called a fuller. The épée also has a larger bell guard designed to protect the user’s arm. In addition to the larger "bell" guard and blade, the épée weighs more than the foil and sabre which contributes to its reputation of being the slowest form of fencing. The techniques of use differ, as there are no rules regarding priority and a lack of right of way. Thus, immediate counterattacks are a common feature of épée fencing. The entire body is a valid target area.
Anne-Marie Baiynd
Anne-Marie Baiynd (born January 11, 1966) is an American author, financial analyst, technical analyst. Baiynd published her Market Positioning System (MPS) in 2011 to educate beginning day traders on the tools and techniques that have her listed in Traders at Work: World's Most Successful Traders Make Their Living in the Markets. Baiynd runs a day trading room where subscribers can follow her trades online and provides swing trading set-ups as well as trading education through her web site.

Technical analysis
In finance, technical analysis is an analysis methodology for analysing and forecasting the direction of prices through the study of past market data, primarily price and volume. As a type of active management, it stands in contradiction to much of modern portfolio theory. The efficacy of technical analysis is disputed by the efficient-market hypothesis, which states that stock market prices are essentially unpredictable, and research on whether technical analysis offers any benefit has produced mixed results. It is distinguished from fundamental analysis, which considers a company's financial statements, health, and the overall state of the market and economy.
Dymi, Achaea
Dymi (Greek: Δύμη) is a former municipality in Achaea, West Greece, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality West Achaea, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 71.553 km2. Its seat of administration was the town of Kato Achaia. It is located 20 km southwest of Patras.

Western Greece
Western Greece Region (Greek: Περιφέρεια Δυτικής Ελλάδας, romanized: Periféria Dhitikís Elládhas, [periˈferia ðitiˈcis eˈlaðas]) is one of the thirteen administrative regions of Greece. It comprises the western part of continental Greece and the northwestern part of the Peloponnese peninsula. It occupies an area of 11,336 km2 (4,377 sq mi) and its population is, according to the 2011 census, at 679,796 inhabitants. The capital of the Western Greece is Patras, the third-largest-city in the country, with a population of about 280,000 inhabitants. The NUTS 2 code for the region of Western Greece is EL63.
Jean-Paul Banos
Jean-Paul Banos (born 27 January 1961) is a Canadian former fencer, who lives in Montreal, Canada. He competed in the individual and team sabre events at four consecutive Olympic Games between 1984 and 1996.  At the 1992 Summer Olympics, he defeated Russian future Olympic champion Stanislav Pozdnyakov of the gold-medal-winning Unified Team.

His brother, Jean-Marie Banos, also fenced for Canada at four Olympic Games.

Banos now coaches at HuaHua Fencing Club in Markham, Canada.

Sabre (fencing)
The sabre (US English: saber, both pronounced /ˈseɪbər/) is one of the three disciplines of modern fencing alongside foil & epee. The sabre weapon is for thrusting and cutting with both the cutting edge and the back of the blade (unlike the other modern fencing weapons, the épée and foil, where a touch is scored only using the point of the blade).

The informal term sabre fencer refers to sabre fencers of both genders.
Ma and Pa Kettle at Waikiki
Ma and Pa Kettle at Waikiki is a 1955 American comedy film directed by Lee Sholem. It is the seventh installment of Universal-International's Ma and Pa Kettle series starring Marjorie Main and Percy Kilbride in his final starring role.

Universal Filmed Entertainment Group
The Universal Filmed Entertainment Group Inc. (UFEG), also known as Universal Filmed Entertainment and doing business as Universal Studios (formerly known as Universal Studios Inc.), is an American entertainment company and business unit within NBCUniversal, a subsidiary of Comcast, that oversees and manages its film and television businesses, including its flagship divisions, Universal Pictures and Universal Television.

The company was formed in 1996 following the acquisition of MCA by Seagram, and its subsequent rebranding to Universal Studios Inc., which would later take on its current name in 2013. Since its formation, the company has become a major force in the film and entertainment industries.

Its studios are located in Universal City, California, and its corporate offices are located in New York City.
Restructured steak
Restructured steak is a catch-all term to describe a class of imitation beef steaks made from smaller pieces of beef fused together by a binding agent. Its development started from the 1970s. Restructured steak is sometimes made using cheaper cuts of beef such as the hind quarter or fore quarter of beef.

Allowed food-grade agents include:

Sodium chloride (table salt) and phosphate salts. Salt can prevent microbiological growth and make myosin-type proteins more soluble. The allowed amount of phosphate in end products is 0.5% in the United States. It increases the emulsification of fat.

Animal blood plasma

Alginate: Sodium alginate forms an adhesive gel in the presence of Ca2+ ion.

Transglutaminase: an enzyme that helps the forming of cross-binding proteins.

Sodium chloride
Sodium chloride /ˌsoʊdiəm ˈklɔːraɪd/, commonly known as table salt, is an ionic compound with the chemical formula NaCl, representing a 1:1 ratio of sodium and chloride ions. It is transparent or translucent, brittle, hygroscopic, and occurs as the mineral halite. In its edible form, it is commonly used as a condiment and food preservative. Large quantities of sodium chloride are used in many industrial processes, and it is a major source of sodium and chlorine compounds used as feedstocks for further chemical syntheses. Another major application of sodium chloride is de-icing of roadways in sub-freezing weather.
Lumezzane
Lumezzane (Brescian: Lömezane, locally Lömedhane [lømɛˈðanɛ]) is a town and comune (municipality) in the province of Brescia, in the Italian region of Lombardy. With a population of 22,255 (as of 2017), it is one of the largest towns in its province. It is situated in the Gobbia Valley, which is a side valley of the Trompia Valley.

Eastern Lombard dialects
Eastern Lombard is a group of closely related variants of Lombard, a Gallo-Italic language
 spoken in Lombardy, mainly in the provinces of Bergamo, Brescia and Mantua, in the area around Cremona and in parts of Trentino. Its main variants are Bergamasque and Brescian.

In Italian-speaking contexts, Eastern Lombard is often called as dialetti (lit. 'dialects'), understood to mean not a variety of Italian, but a local language that is part of the Romance languages dialect continuum that pre-dates the establishment of Tuscan-based Italian.

Eastern Lombard and Italian have only limited mutual intelligibility, like many other Romance languages spoken in Italy.

Eastern Lombard does not have any official status either in Lombardy or anywhere else: the only official language in Lombardy is Italian.
Glória e Vera Cruz
Glória e Vera Cruz is a civil parish in the municipality of Aveiro, in the central Portuguese district of Aveiro. It was constituted in 2013, following the national administrative reform, through aggregation of the civil parishes of Glória and Vera Cruz, resulting a cumulative population of 18756 inhabitants dispersed through a total area of 45.32 square kilometres (17.50 sq mi).

Aveiro District
Aveiro District (Portuguese: Distrito de Aveiro, pronounced [aˈvɐjɾu] ⓘ) is located in the central coastal region of Portugal. The capital of the district is the city of Aveiro, which also serves as the seat of Aveiro Municipality.

Aveiro District is bordered by the Porto District to the north, the Viseu District to the east, the Coimbra District to the south, and the Atlantic Ocean to the west.

The 19 municipalities of Aveiro District are split between the Norte (Metropolitan Area of Porto) and the Centro (Região de Aveiro) subregions.
Ifugao State University
Ifugao State University (IFSU) is a government owned and funded university in the Philippines. It was originally established in 1920 as 'Nayon Settlement Farm School' by American educators. It gained its university status under Republic Act 9720 passed by the Philippine Congress and the Senate of the Philippines and duly approved in 2009 by Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, then President of the Republic. With the main campus in Lamut, Ifugao, it is mandated to offer course specializations on Agriculture, Forestry, Nursing, Social Sciences, Criminology, Teacher Education, Business Administration, Public Administration, Information Technology, Food Science, among others at undergraduate and graduate levels.

Food science
Food science (or bromatology) is the basic science and applied science of food; its scope overlaps with agricultural science and nutritional science and extends to the scientific aspects of food safety and food processing, informing the development of food technology.

Food science is an interdisciplinary field that integrates concepts from chemistry, physics, physiology, microbiology, and biochemistry. It evolved from early preservation practices such as salting to an organized research-driven field central to modern food production.

Food scientists develop new food products, design processing methods to produce these foods, select packaging materials, conduct shelf life and sensory evaluation studies of products using survey panels or potential consumers, and perform microbiological and chemical testing. Food scientists may study more fundamental phenomena that are directly linked to the production of food products and its properties.
IBM 1050
IBM 1050 Data Communications System is a computer terminal subsystem to send data to and receive data from another 1050 subsystem or IBM computer in the IBM 1400, IBM 7000 or System/360 series.  It first became available in 1963 and was used widely during the 1960s. The 1052 Printer-Keyboard was also the basis for the 1052-7 console Printer-Keyboard used on small and medium S/360 processors.

IBM 700/7000 series
The IBM 700/7000 series is a series of large-scale (mainframe) computer systems that were made by IBM through the 1950s and early 1960s. The series includes several different, incompatible processor architectures. The 700s use vacuum-tube logic and were made obsolete by the introduction of the transistorized 7000s. The 7000s, in turn, were eventually replaced with System/360, which was announced in 1964. However the 360/65, the first 360 powerful enough to replace 7000s, did not become available until November 1965. Early problems with OS/360 and the high cost of converting software kept many 7000s in service for years afterward.
Ponnu Veetukkaran
Ponnu Veetukkaran is a 1999 Indian Tamil-language comedy drama film written and directed by P. Vasu. The film stars Sathyaraj and Preetha Vijayakumar, while Vijay Adhiraj, Goundamani, Vijayakumar and Radharavi play supporting roles. It was released on 15 January 1999.

Goundamani
Subramaniyan Karuppaiya (born 25 May 1939), known by his stage name Goundamani, is an Indian actor and comedian who works in Tamil cinema. He is known for his comic duo partnership in Tamil films with fellow actor Senthil. The pair dominated the Tamil industry as comedians in the 1980s and 90s.

He was called Goundamani as a misconception by actor/director K. Bhagyaraj which he himself stated in an interview and the pseudonym stuck with him forever. He has the ability to give counter dialogues on the spot and off the script on stage and during shooting. He was at his peak of his career as a comedian in Tamil cinema for nearly 40 years. Despite his popularity, Goundamani is known for being a social recluse.