hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chief procurement officer
A chief procurement officer (CPO) undertakes an executive role within an enterprise, focusing on sourcing, procurement, and supply management.

Typically, a CPO is responsible for the management, administration, and supervision of the company's acquisition programs. They may be in charge of the contracting services and may manage the purchase of supplies, equipment, and materials. It is often his or her responsibility to source goods and services and to negotiate prices and contracts. Many CPOs report to a director or directly to the chief executive officer (CEO) of their company. In some organisations the role is named chief acquisition officer, e.g. in the United States Departments of Agriculture and of Labor.

Senior management
Senior management, executive management, or upper management is an occupation at the highest level of management of an organization, performed by individuals who have the day-to-day tasks of managing the organization, sometimes a company or a corporation.
Sugar Ray Xulu Stadium
Sugar Ray Xulu Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Clermont, a township of Durban, South Africa. It is used mostly for football matches and was selected as one of the 3 training venues of the 2010 FIFA World Cup after being renovated in 2010 and brought up to FIFA standards.

The stadium's capacity was expanded from 1,700 to 6,500 as a lasting legacy of the World Cup.

The stadium is named after Cedric 'Sugar Ray' Xulu, a footballer considered a living legend in Durban whose career in the 1960s led him to play for local side AmaZulu and Mbabane Swallows in Swaziland.

Township
A township is a form of human settlement or administrative subdivision. Its exact definition varies among countries.

Although the term is occasionally associated with an urban area, this tends to be an exception to the rule. In Australia, Canada, Scotland, and parts of the United States, the term refers to settlements too small or scattered to be considered urban.
Susan Bassett
Susan Bassett (born c. 1957) is an American college sports administrator and former swimming coach. She was a competitive swimmer in high school and a swim coach and assistant director of athletics at Union College from 1987 through 1995, where she led the Union men to a New York State Championship in 1995 and the Union women to New York State Championships in 1990 and 1994. She later served as a Director of Athletics at Hobart and William Smith Colleges from 1995 to 2005, Carnegie Mellon University from 2005 to 2013, and then Ithaca College beginning in 2013. She had the distinction in 2022 of being selected to the list of the College Swimming Coaches Association of America's (CSCAA) 100 Greatest Coaches of the Century.

Union College
Union College is a private liberal arts college in Schenectady, New York, United States. Founded in 1795, it was the first institution of higher learning chartered by the New York State Board of Regents, and second in the state of New York, after Columbia College. In the 19th century, it became known as the "Mother of Fraternities", because three of the earliest Greek-letter fraternities were established there. Union began enrolling women in 1970, after 175 years as an all-male institution. The college offers a liberal arts curriculum across 21 academic departments, including ABET-accredited engineering degree programs.
Resultative
In linguistics, a resultative (abbreviated RES) is a form that expresses that something or someone has undergone a change in state as the result of the completion of an event. Resultatives appear as predicates of sentences, and are generally composed of a verb (denoting the event), a post-verbal noun phrase (denoting the entity that has undergone a change) and a so-called resultative phrase (denoting the state achieved as the result of the action named by the verb) which may be represented by an adjective, a prepositional phrase, or a particle, among others. For example, in the English sentence The man wiped the table clean, the adjective clean denotes the state achieved by the table as a result of the event described as the man wiped.

Noun phrase
A noun phrase – or NP or nominal (phrase) – is a phrase that usually has a noun or pronoun as its head, and has the same grammatical functions as a noun. Noun phrases are very common cross-linguistically, and they may be the most frequently occurring phrase type.

Noun phrases often function as verb subjects and objects, as predicative expressions, and as complements of prepositions. One NP can be embedded inside another NP; for instance, some of his constituents has as a constituent the shorter NP his constituents.

In some theories of grammar, noun phrases with determiners are analyzed as having the determiner as the head of the phrase, see for instance Chomsky (1995) and Hudson (1990).
Hammeria
Hammeria is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Aizoaceae.

It is native to the Cape Provinces of the South African Republic.

The genus name of Hammeria is in honour of Steven A. Hammer (b. 1951), American botanist, horticulturist and plant collector and specialist in Conophytum. It was first described and published in Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) Vol.70 on page 204 in 1998.

Known species, according to Kew:

Hammeria cedarbergensis Klak

Hammeria gracilis Burgoyne

Hammeria meleagris (L.Bolus) Klak

Cape Provinces
The Cape Provinces of South Africa is a biogeographical area used in the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD). It is part of the WGSRPD region 27 Southern Africa. The area has the code "CPP". It includes the South African provinces of the Eastern Cape, the Northern Cape and the Western Cape, together making up most of the former Cape Province.

The area includes the Cape Floristic Region, the smallest of the six recognised floral kingdoms of the world, an area of extraordinarily high diversity and endemism, home to more than 9,000 vascular plant species, of which 69 percent are endemic.
William Richard Le Fanu
William Richard Le Fanu (24 February 1816 – 8 September 1894) was an Irish railway engineer and Commissioner of Public Works. Le Fanu was born at the Royal Hibernian Military School in Dublin into a literary family of Huguenot, Irish and English descent.

Railway engineering
Railway engineering is the discipline of engineering which concerns the design, construction, operation, and maintenance of railways and rail transportation systems. It includes a wide range of engineering disciplines, including (but not limited to) civil engineering, computer engineering, electrical engineering, mechanical engineering, industrial engineering and production engineering.
The Saddest Thing I Know
"The Saddest Thing I Know" is the first single from Australian alternative rock band Birds of Tokyo's self-titled third album, Birds of Tokyo. It was the first released under new label EMI Music Australia. The song because their first ARIA Chart song, peaked at #66 in May 2010. It was voted #87 in Triple J's Hottest 100 countdown of 2010.

Band member Adam Spark said: ""The Saddest Thing I Know" was a funny one, we’re not really sure where it came from, it’s sort of like this bluesy, drug trip – hence the really sort of weird video. We had these dancing geisha girls/stripper neon acid thing going on. We ended up recording the piano three times for that one because every time we’d open the door to the studio, snow would come in as we were in the middle of winter in Sweden, and it kept ruining all the tracks and everything wouldn’t line up with it. It was a cold one, a very cold one, that one."

EMI Music Australia
EMI Recorded Music Australia Pty Ltd (called EMI Music Australia until May 2013) is an Australian imprint of Universal Music Australia, formerly a subsidiary label of EMI Recordings Ltd and, between 1979 and 1996, that of Thorn EMI. It is Australia's largest major dance music label as well it was one of Australia's largest major labels overall until the Universal acquisition. Corporate headquarters are located in Sydney, Australia.

From inception, the label used the His Master's Voice trademark, and this continued until the 1970s–1980s. The His Master's Voice trademark had appeared in Australia since the 1910s, as it was seen on British imports from the Gramophone Company (the precursor to EMI).
2023 Budapest Grand Prix
The 2023 Hungarian Grand Prix was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 21st edition of the event, a WTA 250-level tournament on the 2023 WTA Tour. It took place at Római Tennis Academy in Budapest, Hungary, from 17 through 23 July 2023.

Amarissa Tóth
Amarissa Kiara Tóth (born 10 February 2003) is a Hungarian tennis player.

Tóth has career-high WTA rankings of 275 in singles, attained on 9 June 2025, and 264 in doubles, achieved on 3 October 2022.

She made her WTA Tour main-draw debut at the 2021 Budapest Grand Prix, where she received a wildcard into the doubles tournament.

During her round of 32 match at the 2023 Budapest Grand Prix against Zhang Shuai, Tóth erased a ball mark after Zhang's shot was called out by the umpire despite repeated calls by Zhang for Tóth to not smear the mark. Zhang insisted the shot was in, which seemed to be the case, and retired from the match shortly after the incident citing a severe panic attack. Tóth was condemned by many players and fans alike for her allegedly unsportsmanlike behavior. A few days after the incident, Tóth apologized for her actions.
Itanong Mo sa Buwan
Itanong Mo sa Buwan (English: Ask the Moon), internationally titled as The Moonchild, is a 1988 Philippine crime thriller drama film directed by Chito S. Roño from a story and screenplay written by Armando "Bing" Lao. With the plot being similarly patterned to Akira Kurosawa's 1950 film Rashomon, it follows a bank robber and a woman whom he held hostage who describe the events of the bank robbery. It stars Mark Gil, Jaclyn Jose, and Anjo Yllana, with the supporting cast including Anita Linda, Tita Muñoz, Susan Africa, Lucita Soriano, and Fernando Morato.

Produced by Double M Films International, which was helmed by producer Mike Miranda, the film was theatrically released on 25 December 1988, as one of the entries of the 14th Metro Manila Film Festival. It also received an overseas premiere in West Germany on 11 February 1989, as one of the films exhibited under the "Forum 1989" section of the 39th Berlin International Film Festival.

1988 Metro Manila Film Festival
The 14th Metro Manila Film Festival was held in 1988.

An unheralded and obscure movie, Patrolman was named the Best Picture in the 1988 Metro Manila Film Festival. The lead star, once unknown stuntman-actor Baldo Marro won the Best Actor award for his role as a dedicated policeman edging out the favored Christopher de Leon. Amy Austria won the Best Actress award for her convincing performance of a woman who led a life of crime in Bubbles: Ativan Gang. Other awardees include Best Director for Laurice Guillen, Best Supporting Actor for Dick Israel and Best Supporting Actress for Jaclyn Jose among others.

FPJ Productions' Agila ng Maynila was the festival's top grosser, with all six entries grossing ₱49.5 million in total.
Alumínio
Alumínio (Portuguese meaning aluminium) is a Brazilian municipality of the state of São Paulo. It is part of the Metropolitan Region of Sorocaba. The population is 18,767 (2020 est.) in an area of 83.66 km2. The elevation is 790 m.  Alumínio is located east of Sorocaba and is also a suburban area. The main employer in Alumínio is Companhia Brasileira de Aluminio.

Companhia Brasileira de Alumínio
Companhia Brasileira de Alumínio (CBA; Brazilian Aluminium Company) is the largest aluminium producer in Brazil having a total annual production of around 480,000 tonnes.

It is headquartered in the city of São Paulo.
Henry Heron (MP)
Henry Heron (1675–1730), of Cressy Hall, Lincolnshire, and St. James, Westminster, was an English landowner and politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1713 to 1727.

Heron was the eldest surviving son of Sir Henry Heron of Cressy Hall and his wife Dorothy Long, daughter of Sir Thomas Long, 2nd Baronet of Draycot Cerne, Wiltshire. In 1695, he succeeded his father. He married Abigail Heveningham, daughter of Sir William Heveningham of Ketteringham, Norfolk on 12 February 1696. He was High Sheriff of Norfolk for the year 1708 to 1709.

Heron was elected as a Tory Member of Parliament (MP) for Boston at the 1713 general election. He was returned there unopposed at the 1715 general election. At the 1722 general election he was returned unopposed as MP for Lincolnshire. In 1723 he became Recorder of Boston. He did not stand at the 1727 general election.

Heron died on 10 September 1730, aged 55. He and his wife had two daughters and a son who died without issue.

Lincolnshire (UK Parliament constituency)
Lincolnshire was a county constituency of the Parliaments of England before 1707, Great Britain before 1800 and the Parliament of the United Kingdom, which returned two Members of Parliament (MPs) to the House of Commons from 1290 until 1832.
Benn's Walk
Benn's Walk in Richmond, London, consists of five (originally six) almshouses, built in 1983 and now managed by The Richmond Charities. They were built on the site of Benn's Cottages, which had been developed on land endowed by William Smithet in 1727 to the charity that was then administering Michel's Almshouses.

Almshouse
An almshouse (also known as a bede-house, poorhouse, or hospital) is charitable housing provided to people in a particular community, especially during the Middle Ages. They were often built for the poor of a locality, for those who had held certain jobs, or their widows, and for elderly people who could no longer pay rent. They are generally maintained by a charity or the trustees of a bequest. "Alms" are, in the Christian tradition, money or services donated to support the poor and indigent. Almshouses were originally formed as extensions of the church system and were later adapted by local officials and authorities.
Benetka Road Covered Bridge
Benetka Road Bridge is a covered bridge spanning the Ashtabula River in Ashtabula County, Ohio, United States.  The bridge, one of currently 17 drivable bridges in the county, is a single span Town truss design, with laminated arches being added during its renovation in 1985.  The bridge’s WGCB number is 35-04-12, and it is located approximately 4 mi (6.4 km) south of North Kingsville.

Covered bridge
A covered bridge is a timber-truss bridge with a roof, decking, and siding, which in most covered bridges create an almost complete enclosure. The purpose of the covering is to protect the wooden structural members from the weather. Uncovered wooden bridges typically have a lifespan of only 20 years because of the effects of rain and sun, but a covered bridge can last over 100 years. In the United States, only about 1 in 10 survived the 20th century. The relatively small number of surviving bridges is due to deliberate replacement, neglect, and the high cost of restoration.

Surviving covered bridges often attract touristic attention due to their rarity, quaint appearance, and bucolic settings. Many are considered historic and have been the subject of historic preservation campaigns.
Gastronomy in Singapore
1°18′N 103°48′E﻿ / ﻿1.3°N 103.8°E﻿ / 1.3; 103.8

Notable eateries in Singapore are café, coffee shop, convenience stores, fast food restaurant, food courts, hawker centres, restaurant (casual), speciality food shops, and fine dining restaurants.

According to Singstat in 2014 there were 6,668 outlets, where 2,426 are considered as sit down places. According to ACRA every day two new restaurants open daily in Singapore.

The variety of Singaporean cuisine covers basically all notable ethnic groups and cultures.

Accounting and Corporate Regulatory Authority
The Accounting and Corporate Regulatory Authority (ACRA) is a statutory board under the Ministry of Finance of the Government of Singapore. ACRA is the regulator of business registration, financial reporting, public accountants and corporate service providers. ACRA is also responsible for developing the accountancy sector and setting the accounting standards for companies, charities co-operative societies, and societies in Singapore.
Tinkerbell effect
The "Tinkerbell effect" is an American English expression describing the phenomenon of thinking something exists only because people believe in it. The effect is named after Tinker Bell, the fairy in the play Peter Pan, who is revived from near death by the belief of the audience. It stipulates that the more you believe in something the more likely it is to vanish. For example, as more people believe that driving is safe, more people will drive carelessly, in turn making driving less safe. As an expression, the Tinkerbell effect is applicable to various situations and can be used to better explain concepts and support arguments. The opposite form is called the "reverse Tinkerbell effect", a term coined by David Post in 2003.

David Post
David G. Post (born 1951) is an American legal scholar. Post is an expert in intellectual property law and cyberspace law. Until his retirement in 2014, Post served as Professor of Law at Beasley School of Law of Temple University in Philadelphia.
John Millington (rugby league)
John Millington (born 8 February 1949) is an English former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1970s and 1980s. He played at representative level for England, and at club level for Hull Kingston Rovers and Wakefield Trinity, as a prop.

Substitution (sport)
In team sports, substitution (or interchange) is replacing one player with another during a match.  Substitute players that are not in the starting lineup (also known as bench players, backups, interchange, or reserves) reside on the bench and are available to substitute for a starter. Later in the match, that substitute may be substituted for by another substitute or by a starter who is currently on the bench.

Free substitution or rolling substitution is a rule in some sports that allows players to enter and leave the game for other players many times during the course of a game, generally during a time-out or other break in live play; and for coaches to bring in and take out players an unlimited number of times. In other sports, limited substitution restricts the manner in which players can be replaced.
Cardinal Lambertini (play)
Cardinal Lambertini (Italian: Il cardinale Lambertini) is an historical comedy play by the Italian writer Alfredo Testoni. It premiered in 1905 at the Teatro Costanzi in Rome. His most successful work, it has been revived numerous times. For many years the title part was closely associated with the actor Ermete Zacconi who originated it.

The play's action takes place in 1739 in Bologna and focuses on the activities of the real Cardinal Lambertini who became Pope Benedict XIV the following year. Bologna was occupied at the time by Bourbon Spanish forces and the Cardinal has to resolve tensions between them and the local nobility who planned to revolt.

History (theatrical genre)
History is one of the three main genres in Western theatre alongside tragedy and comedy, although it originated, in its modern form, thousands of years later than the other primary genres. For this reason, it is often treated as a subset of tragedy.  A play in this genre is known as a history play and is based on a historical narrative, often set in the medieval or early modern past. History emerged as a distinct genre from tragedy in Renaissance England. The best known examples of the genre are the history plays written by William Shakespeare, whose plays still serve to define the genre. History plays also appear elsewhere in Western literature, such as Thomas Heywood's Edward IV, Schiller's Mary Stuart or the Dutch national poet Joost van den Vondel's play Gijsbrecht van Aemstel.
Lazic War
The Lazic War, also known as the Colchidian War or in Georgian historiography as the Great War of Egrisi, was fought between the Byzantine Empire and the Sasanian Empire for control of the ancient Georgian region of Lazica. The Lazic War lasted for twenty years, from 541 to 562, and ended with the Fifty-Year Peace Treaty, which obligated the Byzantine Empire to pay tribute to Persia each year for the recognition of Lazica as a Byzantine vassal state by the Persians. The Lazic War is narrated in detail in the works of Procopius and Agathias.

Agathias
Agathias Scholasticus (Ancient Greek: Ἀγαθίας σχολαστικός; c. AD 530 – 582/594) was a East Roman poet and the principal historian of part of the reign of the Roman emperor Justinian I between 552 and 558.
Hezil Suyu
The Hezil Suyu (Arabic: نهر الهيزل Kurdish: Çemê Hizil  River Hizil, Nahr al-Hayzal, or Hezil Çayı or the Nizil river, in Turkish language suyu means water of) is a river in south-eastern Turkey in the Eastern Anatolia region which flows entirely in the Şırnak Province and is part of the natural border between Turkey and the Kurdistan region of Iraq. Just before it forms the border, it is dammed by the Silopi Dam. Just west of the city of Zakho. it joins the Little Khabur river, which then forms the border.

The Hezil Suyu river is not to be mistaken with the Little Khabur river
which is a tributary to the Tigris river
and flows east of Zakho city and goes through the Zakho city joining its tributary the Hezil Suyu west of Zakho city.

Zakho
Zakho, also spelled Zaxo (Kurdish: زاخۆ, romanized: Zaxo or Zaco, Syriac: ܙܵܟ݂ܘܿ, romanized: Zāḵō, Armenian: Զախո, Arabic: زاخو, Lishanid Noshan: זאכו, romanized: Zāxo) is a city in Kurdistan Region, Iraq, at the centre of the Zakho District of the Dohuk Governorate, located a few kilometers from the Ibrahim Khalil border crossing. Zakho is known for its celebrations of Newroz.

The population of the town rose from about 30,000 in 1950 to 350,000 in 1992 due to Kurds fleeing from other areas of the country.

The original settlement may have been on a small island in the Little Khabur river, which flows west through the modern city to form the border between Iraq and Turkey, continuing into the Tigris. Other important rivers in the area are the Zeriza and the Seerkotik.
Khokhlovo, Kaduysky District, Vologda Oblast
Khokhlovo (Russian: Хохло́во) is an urban locality (a work settlement) in Kaduysky District of Vologda Oblast, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Khokhlovskoye Urban Settlement, one of the two urban settlements in the district. Population:  2,509 (2010 Census); 2,527 (2002 Census); 2,807 (1989 Soviet census).

Cherepovets
Cherepovets (Russian: Череповец, IPA: [tɕɪrʲɪpɐˈvʲets]) is a city in Vologda Oblast, Russia, located in the west of the oblast on the banks of the Sheksna River (a tributary of the Volga River) and on the shores of the Rybinsk Reservoir. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 312,310, making it the most populous city in the oblast.
Karlsborg Anti-Aircraft Regiment
Karlsborg Anti-Aircraft Regiment (Swedish: Karlsborgs luftvärnsregemente), also Lv 1, was a Swedish Army anti-aircraft unit that was active in various forms between 1937–1961. The unit was based in Karlsborg.

Karlsborg
Karlsborg (Swedish: [kaɭsˈbɔrj], outdatedly [ˈkɑ̂ːɭsbɔrj]) is a locality and the seat of Karlsborg Municipality, Västra Götaland County, Sweden. It had 3,551 inhabitants in 2010. This garrison town lies at the shore of lake Vättern in Västergötland.
Bodenstein
Bodenstein is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Christel Bodenstein (1938–2024), German actress

Cornelis Johannes Bodenstein (1826–1885), Boer politician and Vice State President of the South African Republic

Corne Bodenstein (born 1992), South African-born cricketer for Jersey

Dietrich H. Bodenstein (1908–1984), German-American entomologist

Max Bodenstein (1871–1942), German chemist

Andreas Bodenstein (1486–1541), early Protestant reformer

Max Bodenstein
Max Ernst August Bodenstein (July 15, 1871 – September 3, 1942) was a German physical chemist known for his work in chemical kinetics. He was first to postulate a chain reaction mechanism and that explosions are branched chain reactions, later applied to the atomic bomb.