hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2-Hydroxy-1-naphthoic acid
2-Hydroxy-1-naphthoic acid is an organic compound with the formula C10H6(OH)(CO2H).  It is prepared by carboxylation of 2-naphthol by the Kolbe–Schmitt reaction.  It is one of several hydroxynaphthoic acids.

Kolbe–Schmitt reaction
The Kolbe–Schmitt reaction or Kolbe process (named after Hermann Kolbe and Rudolf Schmitt) is a carboxylation chemical reaction that proceeds by treating phenol with sodium hydroxide to form sodium phenoxide, then heating sodium phenoxide with carbon dioxide under pressure (100 atm, 125 °C), then treating the product with sulfuric acid. The final product is an aromatic hydroxy acid which is also known as salicylic acid (the precursor to aspirin).

By using potassium hydroxide, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid is accessible, an important precursor for the versatile paraben class of biocides used e.g. in personal care products.

The methodology is also used in the industrial synthesis of 3-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid;  the regiochemistry of the carboxylation in this case is sensitive to temperature.
Royalties (brand management agency)
Royalties is a brand management agency based in Paris, France. The agency was originally created in 2008 as Publicis Royalties, by Publicis Worldwide and Eurogroup Consulting and is now independently owned by two of the founding partners: David Jobin and Olivier Bontemps. The agency has offices in France and China.

Brand management
In marketing, brand management refers to the process of controlling how a brand is perceived in the market. Tangible elements of brand management include the look, price, and packaging of the product itself; intangible elements are the experiences that the target markets share with the brand and the relationships they have with it. A brand manager oversees all aspects of the consumer's brand association as well as relationships with members of the supply chain. Developing a good relationship with target markets is essential for brand management.
Finnish national road 23
The Finnish national road 23 (Finnish: Valtatie 23, Swedish: Riksväg 23) is a highway between Western and Eastern Finland that runs between the cities of Pori and Joensuu via Jyväskylä. The length of the road is 517 kilometres (321 mi). The road is also called the Finnish Lake Road (Finnish: Järvi-Suomen tie, Swedish: Insjöfinlands vägen), as it runs through the Finnish Lakeland area in the central hinterland of the country.

The road is almost entirely two-lane, except for the motorway section shared with Highways 4, 9 and 13 in the Jyväskylä sub-region, the short four-lane section located in the center of Varkaus and the motorway section common to Highway 9 in Joensuu. The road has been built over decades in several different parts, and its quality varies significantly. For most of the current highway route, the road was completely absent before the main sections were built mainly in the 1960s and 1970s. Highway 23 road came at the turn of the 1970s and 1980s.

Eastern Finland Province
Eastern Finland (Finnish: Itä-Suomen lääni, Swedish: Östra Finlands län) was a province of Finland from 1997 to 2009. It bordered the provinces of Oulu, Western Finland and Southern Finland. It also bordered Russia to the east.
Torben Grael
Torben Schmidt Grael (born 22 July 1960) is one of the most well known Brazilian sailors, renowned in international competitions. A descendant of Danes, he was taken sailing by his grandfather at the age of five years on the sailboat Aileen, of the 6 Metre class, which was the boat used by the silver medal-winning 1912 Summer Olympics Danish sailing team. Once he moved to Niterói, he started sailing with his brother, Lars Grael, also an Olympic medal winner, on the Bay of Guanabara. Another brother, Axel Grael, is the current mayor of Niterói. He is father of Olympic champion Martine Grael and sailor Marco Grael.

Guanabara Bay
Guanabara Bay (Portuguese: baía de Guanabara, baía da Guanabara, IPA: [baˈi.ɐ da ɡwɐnaˈbaɾɐ]) is an oceanic bay in Southeast Brazil in the state of Rio de Janeiro. On its western shore lie the cities of Rio de Janeiro and Duque de Caxias, and on its eastern shore are the cities of Niterói and São Gonçalo. Four other municipalities surround the bay's shores. Guanabara Bay is the second largest bay in area in Brazil (after the All Saints' Bay), at 412 square kilometres (159 sq mi), with a perimeter of 143 kilometres (89 mi).

Guanabara Bay is 31 kilometres (19 mi) long and 28 kilometres (17 mi) wide at its maximum. Its 1.5 kilometres (0.93 mi) wide mouth is flanked at the eastern tip by the Pico do Papagaio (Parrot's Peak) and the western tip by Pão de Açúcar (Sugar Loaf).

The name Guanabara comes from the Tupi language, goanã-pará, from gwa "bay", plus nã "similar to" and ba'ra "sea". Other glosses include hidden water, lagoon of the sea, and bosom of the sea.
Photoreceptor
Photoreceptor can refer to:

In anatomy/cell biology:

Photoreceptor cell, a photosensitive cell in the retina of vertebrate eyes

Simple eye in invertebrates (Ocellus), photoreceptor organ ("simple eye") of invertebrates often composed of a few sensory cells and a single lens

Eyespot apparatus (microbial photoreceptor), the photoreceptor organelle of a unicellular organism that allows for phototaxis

In biochemistry:

Photoreceptor protein, a chromoprotein that responds to being exposed to a certain wavelength of light by initiating a signal transduction cascade

Photopigment, an unstable pigment that undergoes a physical or chemical change upon absorbing a particular wavelength of light; also see
Photosynthetic pigment, molecules involved in transducing light into chemical energy

In technology:

Photodetector or photosensor, a device that detects light by capturing photons

Photoreceptor protein
Photoreceptor proteins are light-sensitive proteins involved in the sensing and response to light in a variety of organisms. Some examples are rhodopsin in the photoreceptor cells of the vertebrate retina, phytochrome in plants, and bacteriorhodopsin and bacteriophytochromes in some bacteria. They mediate light responses as varied as visual perception, phototropism and phototaxis, as well as responses to light-dark cycles such as circadian rhythm and other photoperiodisms including control of flowering times in plants and mating seasons in animals.
1958 French Sudan constitutional referendum
A referendum on the new constitution of France was held in French Sudan on 28 September 1958 as part of a wider referendum held across the French Union. The new constitution would see the country become part of the new French Community if accepted, or result in independence if rejected. It was approved by 97.54% of voters.

Constitution of France
The current Constitution of France was adopted on 4 October 1958. It is typically called the Constitution of the Fifth Republic (French: la Constitution de la Cinquième République), and it replaced the Constitution of the Fourth Republic of 1946, keeping it's preamble. The current Constitution regards the separation of church and state, democracy, social welfare, and indivisibility as core principles of the French state.

Charles de Gaulle was the main driving force in introducing the new constitution and inaugurating the Fifth Republic, while the text was drafted by Michel Debré. Since then, the constitution has been amended twenty-five times, notably in 2008 and most recently in 2024.
2010 Kosovan local elections
The Republic of Kosovo oversaw local elections in three municipalities in 2010.

Istog held a special mayoral by-election over two rounds on 11 April and 9 May 2010. The election was necessitated by the death of incumbent mayor Fadil Ferati of the Democratic League of Kosovo (LDK) on 30 January.

A mayoral election and assembly election took place in the predominantly Serb municipality of Parteš on 20 June 2010 (with a second round of voting for mayor on 18 July), following the formal establishment of the municipality.

Rahovec held a special mayoral by-election over two rounds on 21 November and 19 December 2010. The election took place after the resignation of Qazim Qeska of the Democratic Party of Kosovo (PDK). (Qeska attempted to return to the position after submitting his resignation, but he was not permitted to do so.)

Rahovec
Rahovec (Albanian definite form: Rahoveci) or Orahovac (Serbian Cyrillic: Ораховац), is a town and municipality located in the District of Gjakova in Kosovo. According to the 2024 census, the town of Rahovec has 13,642 inhabitants, while the municipality has 41,799 inhabitants. It is also the center of the sports clubs KF Rahoveci, KB Rahoveci and KH Rahoveci.
Stable cell
In cellular biology, stable cells are cells that multiply only when needed. They spend most of the time in the quiescent G0 phase of the cell cycle but can be stimulated to enter the cell cycle when needed. Examples include the liver, the proximal tubules of the kidney and endocrine glands.

Proximal tubule
The proximal tubule is the segment of the nephron in kidneys which begins from the renal (tubular) pole of the Bowman's capsule to the beginning of loop of Henle. At this location, the glomerular parietal epithelial cells (PECs) lining bowman's capsule abruptly transition to proximal tubule epithelial cells (PTECs). The proximal tubule can be further classified into the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) and the proximal straight tubule (PST).
Dana Mathewson
Dana Mathewson (born December 19, 1990) is an American former professional wheelchair tennis player.
Mathewson won a Grand Slam tournament title in doubles (with Japanese doubles partner Yui Kamiji) at the 2022 Wimbledon Championships which made her the first American woman to win a Major wheelchair tennis title. She retired from professional wheelchair tennis in November 2024.

Wheelchair tennis
Wheelchair tennis is one of the forms of tennis adapted for wheelchair users. The size of the court, net height and rackets are the same, but there are two major differences from pedestrian tennis: athletes use specially designed wheelchairs, and the ball may bounce up to two times, where the second bounce may also occur outside the court.

Wheelchair tennis has been played at all four Grand Slams since 2007 and is one of the sports played at the Summer Paralympics. There are three categories: Men, Women, and Quads; each category has singles and doubles tournaments. The Quad, the newest division, is for players who have substantial loss of function in at least one upper limb, but may include various disabilities besides quadriplegia. The division is sometimes called Mixed, especially at the Paralympic Games. Quad players often tape the rackets to their hand, to compensate for loss of function, and some players are allowed to use electric-powered wheelchairs.
KABQ (AM)
KABQ (1350 kHz) is a commercial AM radio station in Albuquerque, New Mexico.  It is owned by iHeartMedia, Inc., and is airing a sports radio format as "Fox Sports 1350".  It had been carrying all iHeart podcasts since 2019.

KABQ's radio studios and offices are on NE Jefferson Street in Albuquerque.  The transmitter is located off NW Montoya Street, also in Albuquerque.   KABQ is powered at 5,000 watts by day using a non-directional antenna.  To avoid interfering with other stations on AM 1350, it reduces power at night to 500 watts and uses a directional antenna, with a three-tower array.

Tower array
A tower array is an arrangement of multiple radio towers which are mast radiators in a phased array. They were originally developed as ground-based tracking radars. Tower arrays can consist of free-standing or guyed towers or a mix of them. Tower arrays are used to constitute a directional antenna of a mediumwave or longwave radio station.

The number of towers in a tower array can vary.
In many arrays all towers have the same height, but there are also arrays of towers of different height. The arrangement can vary. For directional antennas with fixed radiation pattern, linear arrangements are preferred, while for switchable directional patterns (usually for daytime groundwave versus nighttime skywave), square arrangements are chosen.
Electoral districts of the Netherlands
The Netherlands has had electoral districts since 1814. From 1814, the districts matched the provinces and the members of the House of Representatives were elected indirectly via the provincial councils.

After the Constitutional Reform of 1848, members of the House of Representatives were elected directly in a two-round system. 38 electoral districts (Dutch: kiesdistrict) were created, with sometimes multiple members per district who were elected in staggered elections. The number of districts increased over time, with 100 in 1896 when multi-member districts were abolished.

After the Pacification of 1917, party-list proportional representation was introduced in Dutch elections. There are still electoral districts (Dutch: kieskring). Electoral lists are filed per district, which means the list can differ per district and lists might not participate in all districts.

Staggered elections
Staggered elections are elections where only some of the places in an elected body are up for election at the same time. For example, United States senators have a six-year term, but they are not all elected at the same time. Rather, elections are held every two years for one-third of Senate seats.

Staggered elections have the effect of limiting control of a representative body by the body being represented, but can also minimize the impact of cumulative voting. Many companies use staggered elections as a tool to prevent takeover attempts. Some legislative bodies (most commonly upper houses) use staggered elections, as do some public bodies, such as the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.
Miss International Queen Vietnam 2023
Miss International Queen Vietnam 2023 is the third edition of Miss International Queen Vietnam pageant, was held on 8 April 2023, in Hồ Chí Minh City. Vietnam.

Phùng Trương Trân Đài of California crowned her successor Nguyễn Hà Dịu Thảo of Hải Dương at the end of the event.

Nguyễn Hương Giang, Hoàng Thị Thùy, Rinrada Thurapan, Fuchsia Anne Ravena, Lukkade Metinee is a judge for the competition. Chế Châu, Mai Ngô, Bùi Quỳnh Hoa và Huỳnh Phạm Thủy Tiên is a mentor for the competition.

Metinee Kingpayome
Metinee Washington Kingpayome (Thai: เมทินี วอชิงตัน กิ่งโพยม, RTGS: Methini Wochingtan Kingphayom, born 1972), later Metinee Kingpayome Sharples, also known as Lukkade (Thai: ลูกเกด, RTGS: Lukket) is a Thai actress, model, tv host, producer and beauty pageant titleholder who represented Thailand at Miss World 1992 and Miss World Asia & Oceania 1992.
2010 Manila local elections
Local elections were held in the Manila on May 10, 2010, within the Philippine general election. The voters will elect for the elective local posts in the city: the mayor, vice mayor, the six Congressmen, and the councilors, six in each of the city's six legislative districts.

Pwersa ng Masang Pilipino
The Pwersa ng Masang Pilipino (lit. 'Force of the Filipino Masses'), formerly Partido ng Masang Pilipino (lit. 'Party of the Filipino Masses'), is a populist political party in the Philippines. It is the political party of former Philippine President Joseph E. Estrada. In the May 1998 presidential election, it aligned itself with other political parties to form the Laban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino (Struggle of the Patriotic Filipino Masses).
Psychiatric Times
Psychiatric Times is a peer-reviewed medical trade publication written for an audience involved in the profession of psychiatry. It is published monthly by MJH Associates and is distributed to about 50,000 psychiatrists monthly. The download of the journal is free of charge.

Trade magazine
A trade magazine, also called a business-to-business magazine, trade journal, or trade paper (colloquially or disparagingly a trade rag), is a magazine or newspaper whose target audience is people who work in a particular trade or industry. The collective term for this area of publishing is the trade press.
Wichelsee
Wichelsee is a lake in Obwalden, Switzerland. Its surface area is 22 ha (54 acres). The reservoir is located in the municipalities of Alpnach and Sarnen. It formed after the Sarner Aa was dammed in 1955. The area around the lake was protected in 2005.

Sarnen
Sarnen (Swiss Standard German pronunciation: [ˈzarnən] ⓘ) is a small historic town, a municipality, and the capital of the canton of Obwalden situated on the northern shores of Lake Sarnen (German: Sarnersee) in Switzerland. It has a population of just over 10,000 and is surrounded by countryside and mountains. Sarnen is located 20 km south of Lucerne.

The official language of Sarnen is (the Swiss variety of Standard) German, but the main spoken language is the local variant of the Alemannic Swiss German dialect.
Marco Spoletini
Marco Spoletini (born 1964) is an Italian film editor.

Born in Rome, Spoletini graduated from the Istituto di Stato per la Cinematografia Roberto Rossellini, then he enrolled at the Centro Sperimentale di Cinematografia, where he studied film editing under Roberto Perpignani. He is well known for his association with Matteo Garrone, with whom he worked since his first short film.

In 2003 Spoletini won the Silver Ribbon and the Ciak d'oro for his work in the films  The Embalmer and Maximum Velocity (V-Max). In 2009 he won the David di Donatello for Garrone's Gomorrah.

David di Donatello
The David di Donatello Awards, named after Donatello's David, a symbolic statue of the Italian Renaissance, are film awards given out each year by the Accademia del Cinema Italiano (the Academy of Italian Cinema). There are 26 award categories, as of 2023. The industry-voted awards are considered the Italian equivalent of the American Academy Awards.
Rissen
Rissen (German pronunciation: [ˈʁɪsn̩] ⓘ) is a quarter of the city of Hamburg in Germany. It is located in the borough of Altona and is the westernmost quarter of Hamburg, bordering the German federal state of Schleswig-Holstein in the west, north, and northeast and the Elbe river to the south. In 2020, the population was 16,051.

Wedel
Wedel (German pronunciation: [ˈveːdl̩] ⓘ) is a town in the district of Pinneberg, in Schleswig-Holstein, in northern Germany. It is situated on the right bank of the Elbe, approximately 20 kilometres (12 mi) south of Elmshorn, and 17 kilometres (11 mi) west of Hamburg.
Vespertilionoidea
Vespertilionoidea is a superfamily of bats containing five families: Cistugidae, Miniopteridae, Molossidae, Natalidae, and Vespertilionidae. It is one of three superfamilies in the suborder Yangochiroptera, the others being Noctilionoidea and Emballonuroidea.

The earliest known member of the group is Stehlinia from the Middle Eocene, although its taxonomic affiliation has been previously disputed.

Free-tailed bat
The Molossidae, or free-tailed bats, are a family of bats within the order Chiroptera.
The Molossidae is the fourth-largest family of bats, containing about 110 species as of 2012. They are generally quite robust, and consist of many strong-flying forms with relatively long and narrow wings with wrinkled lips shared through their genus. Their strong flying form allows them to fly 60 miles per hour using tail winds and at altitudes over 10,000 feet. This makes them unique among bats, as they are the only bat family that withstands the elevation. They are widespread, being found on every continent except Antarctica. They are typically found in caves, abandoned mines, or tunnels.
2002–03 Alabama Crimson Tide men's basketball team
The 2002–03 Alabama Crimson Tide men's basketball team (variously "Alabama", "UA", "Bama" or "The Tide") represented the University of Alabama in the 2002–03 college basketball season. The head coach was Mark Gottfried, who was in his fifth season at Alabama. The team played its home games at Coleman Coliseum in Tuscaloosa, Alabama and was a member of the Southeastern Conference. This was the 91st season of basketball in the school's history. The Crimson Tide finished the season 17–12, 7–9 in SEC play, lost in the first round of the 2003 SEC men's basketball tournament. They were invited to the NCAA tournament but lost in the first round.

2003 SEC men's basketball tournament
The 2003 SEC men's basketball tournament took place on March 13–16, 2003 in New Orleans at the Louisiana Superdome. Georgia did not participate; it had pulled out of the postseason as NCAA violations by coach Jim Harrick were emerging.

As shown in the bracket below, the designated berth for the Eastern division's sixth-seeded team was instead given to a Western division team, while the designated berth for the Western division's sixth-seeded team was left vacant.

Kentucky won the tournament and received the SEC's automatic bid to the NCAA tournament by beating Mississippi State on March 16, 2003.
Ishikism
Ishikism (Işıkçılık), also known as Çinarism (Çınarcılık), is a new syncretic religious movement among Alevis who have developed an alternative understanding of Alevism and its history. These alternative interpretations and beliefs were inspired by Turkish writer Erdoğan Çınar with the publication of his book Aleviliğin Gizli Tarihi (The Secret History of Alevism) in 2004.

Syncretism
Syncretism (/ˈsɪŋkrətɪzəm/) is the combining or merging of various distinct beliefs or schools of thought, particularly religious ones. For instance, features and components of one religion are incorporated and absorbed into another. It can include assimilation of several originally discrete traditions, especially in theology and mythology, thus asserting an underlying unity and allowing for an inclusive approach to multiple faiths. While syncretism in art and culture is sometimes likened to eclecticism, in the realm of religion, it specifically denotes a more integrated merging of beliefs into a unified system, distinct from eclecticism, which implies a selective adoption of elements from different traditions without necessarily blending them into a new, cohesive belief system.
Evren, Mut
Evren is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Mut, Mersin Province, Turkey. Its population is 456 (2022). It is on the road connecting Mut to Ermenek. The distance to Mut is 25 kilometres (16 mi) and to Mersin is 190 kilometres (120 mi).

Mut, Mersin
Mut is a municipality and district of Mersin Province, Turkey. Its area is 2,718 km2, and its population is 62,874 (2022).

Mut is a rural district at the foot of the Sertavul Pass on the road over the Taurus Mountains from Ankara and Konya to the Mediterranean coast at Anamur or Silifke. Mut is known for its special apricot variety, Mut şekerparesi, and a statue of a girl carrying a basket of them stands at the entrance to the town. The summer is hot and the people of Mut retreat to high meadows (so called yayla) even further up the mountainside. The forests up here are home to wild boar, and the Gezende reservoir on the Ermenek River is a welcome patch of blue in this dry district. The dam has a hydro-electric power station built in Romania.