hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Diogenes of Athens (tragedian)
Diogenes of Athens (Ancient Greek: Διογένης ὁ Ἀθηναῖος) was a writer of Greek tragedy in the late 5th or early 4th century BC. His works are listed by the Suda as Semele, Achilles, Helen, Herakles, Thyestes, Medea, Oedipus, and Chrysippus. He was either born or flourished at the time of the Thirty Tyrants and the suppression of Athenian democracy, around 404–403 BC.

This Diogenes is sometimes confused with Diogenes of Sinope, to whom a similar list of tragedies is attributed by Diogenes Laërtius.

Athenaeus preserves a geographically confused fragment from Diogenes, having to do with a laurel grove along the Halys river where Lydian and Bactrian girls perform sacred music for Artemis as the goddess of Mount Tmolus.

Suda
The Suda or Souda (/ˈsuːdə/; Medieval Greek: Σοῦδα Soûda [ˈsuða]; Latin: Suidae Lexicon) is a large 10th-century Byzantine encyclopedia of the ancient Mediterranean world, formerly attributed to an author called Soudas (Σούδας) or Souidas (Σουίδας). It is an encyclopedic lexicon, written in Greek, with 30,000 entries, many drawing from ancient sources that have since been lost, and often derived from medieval Christian compilers.
818 Naval Air Squadron
818 Naval Air Squadron (818 NAS), also referred to as 818 Squadron, is an inactive Fleet Air Arm (FAA) naval air squadron of the United Kingdom’s Royal Navy (RN). It last operated with Fairey Barracuda torpedo and dive bomber.

It served on a number of the Royal Navy's aircraft carriers during the Second World War and served in most of the theatres of that war. It initially used Fairey Swordfish and Fairey Albacore torpedo bombers. The squadron decommissioning at the end of the war.

Torpedo bomber
A torpedo bomber is a military aircraft designed primarily to attack ships with aerial torpedoes. Torpedo bombers came into existence just before the First World War almost as soon as aircraft were built that were capable of carrying the weight of a torpedo, and remained an important aircraft type until they were rendered obsolete by anti-ship missiles. They were an important element in many famous Second World War battles, notably the British attack at Taranto, the sinking of the German battleship Bismarck, the sinking of the British battleship HMS Prince Of Wales and the British battlecruiser HMS Repulse and the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor.
NDHU School of Management
NDHU School of Management (also known as NDHU SOM; Chinese: 國立東華大學管理學院; pinyin: Dōnghuá Guǎnlǐ Xuéyuàn) is the business school of National Dong Hwa University (NDHU), a national research university in Hualien, Taiwan. Established in 1995, the school offers undergraduate and graduate programs in business, accounting, and finance. Degree programs include MSc, MIM, MBA, and PhD programs, as well as dual degree programs with other international universities.

NDHU SOM conducts research and education in strategic management, operations management, marketing, information management, international business, finance, accounting, and tourism & recreation management, which is renowned for its consistent high rankings in the world for Tourism & Recreation, and Leisure Studies.

Dual degree
Joint degrees are academic qualifications awarded through integrated study programmes jointly designed, coordinated, and delivered by two or more higher education institutions. These institutions may be located within the same country or across different national education systems. Depending on the structure of the programme and the applicable legal frameworks, graduates may receive a single joint qualification, two separate qualifications (commonly referred to as a double degree or dual degree), or multiple national diplomas awarded for a single coordinated course of study.

Joint degrees differ from standard national qualifications in that they are based on shared curricula, coordinated quality assurance procedures, and mutual recognition of academic work across participating institutions. They are often used as instruments of academic cooperation and internationalisation in higher education.
Świeciechów
Świeciechów (Polish pronunciation: [ɕfjɛˈt͡ɕɛxuf]) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Mniszków, within Opoczno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 3 km (2 mi) south of Mniszków, 18 km (11 mi) west of Opoczno, and 62 km (39 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.

Opoczno
Opoczno ([ɔˈpɔt͡ʂnɔ] ⓘ) is a town in south-central Poland, seat of Opoczno County in the Łódź Voivodeship.

Founded in the Middle Ages, Opoczno is a former royal town of Poland, which used to be one of the most important urban centers of northwestern Lesser Poland. It prospered as a trade center due to its location at the intersection of important trade routes. Currently, Opoczno is an important road and rail junction; its patron saint is Saint Cecilia, and the town is famous across Poland for its folklore and ceramics manufacturing.
James Darby
James Herbert Darby (26 October 1865 – 7 November 1943) was an English first-class cricketer.

Darby was born at Fareham in October 1865. He made his debut in first-class cricket for Hampshire against Sussex at Hove in 1884. Following the 1884 season, Hampshire lost their first-class status and spent the next decade playing as a second-class county. Three years after Hampshire regained their first-class status, Darby returned to first-class cricket when he played against Warwickshire in the 1897 County Championship. He made two further first-class appearances in that season, against Yorkshire and Sussex. In four first-class matches, he scored 78 runs with a highest score of 35. Darby died at Fareham in November 1943, following a long illness.

County Cricket Ground, Hove
The County Cricket Ground, known for sponsorship reasons as The 1st Central County Ground, is a cricket venue in Hove, in the city of Brighton and Hove,  East Sussex, England. The County Ground is the home of Sussex County Cricket Club, where most Sussex home matches since 1872 have been played, although many other grounds in Sussex have been used. Sussex CCC have also played some of their games away from The County Ground, at either Eastbourne, Hastings, 
Arundel Castle or Horsham. It is one of the few county grounds to have deckchairs for spectators, in the Sussex CCC colours of blue and white, and was the first cricket ground to install permanent floodlights, for day/night cricket matches and the second ground (after Edgbaston) to host a day/night match in England, in 1997.
Jamie Driscoll
Jamie Driscoll (born April 1970) is a British politician who served as the metro mayor of the North of Tyne Combined Authority from 2019 to 2024. He represented Labour until June 2023 and then became an independent. He was previously a Labour councillor on Newcastle City Council for the Monument ward from 2018 to 2019.

Driscoll was one of the directors of Your Party's operating company, but resigned in October 2025 following a financial dispute amongst the party's founders. He founded Majority in 2024 and joined the Green Party of England and Wales in December 2025.

Unite the Union
Unite the Union, commonly known as Unite, is a trade union in the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland, formed on 1 May 2007 by the merger of Amicus and the Transport and General Workers' Union (TGWU). A general union, Unite is one of the largest trade unions in the United Kingdom and Ireland, with over 1.2 million members. The current general secretary is Sharon Graham, who was elected in August 2021.
Richard Kirkby
Richard Kirkby (c. 1625 – 9 September 1681) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1661 to 1681.

Kirkby was the son of Roger Kirkby or Kirby of Kirkby Ireleth, Lancashire and his wife Agnes Lowther, sister of Sir John Lowther, 1st Baronet.

Kirkby was a justice of the peace for Lancashire from 1663 until his death and custos rotulorum for the same county, also until death. He was elected member of parliament for Lancaster in 1661 for the Cavalier Parliament and retained the seat until his death in 1681.

Kirkby married three times. His first wife was Elizabeth Murray by whom he had children Roger Kirkby (c.1649–1709), Agnes and Temperance. He married secondly Isabel Huddleston, daughter of Sir William Huddleston of Millom and had children Capt. Richard Kirkby, RN (c.1657–1703), shot for cowardice, William Kirkby (b. c.1658) and Elizabeth Kirkby. His third wife was Helen Maxey and he had children Greville Kirkby (b. 1662) and Mary Kirkby.

Lancaster (UK Parliament constituency)
Lancaster was a constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of England then of the Parliament of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800 and of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1867, centred on the historic city of Lancaster in north-west England. It was represented by two Members of Parliament until the constituency was disenfranchised  for corruption in 1867.

Under the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885, Lancaster was re-established for the 1885 general election as a county constituency. It then returned one Member of Parliament (MP)  to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, with elections held under the first-past-the-post system. This constituency in turn was abolished when it was largely replaced by the new Lancaster and Wyre constituency for the 1997 general election.
A Fair Affair (Je T'Aime)
"A Fair Affair (Je T'Aime)" is a song by British–Swiss singer-songwriter Misty Oldland, released in 1994 by Columbia Records as the second single from the singer's debut album, Supernatural (1994). The song was co-produced by Oldland with Fred Ala and Ivor Guest. It is her most successful release and was a European hit, peaking at number five in Iceland and number ten in the Netherlands, while in France, it was a top-20 hit with a total of 29 weeks inside the French SNEP Top 50 singles chart. In the UK, it reached number 49 on the UK Singles Chart while it was a more successful club hit. The song samples the French song "Je t'aime... moi non plus" by Serge Gainsbourg. The music video for "A Fair Affair" was directed by British director Jake Nava, featuring Oldland in suit, performing with a group of women, also in suits, while they prance around in an urban city setting.

Jake Nava
Jake Nava is a British director, mostly known for his work in music videos for Beyoncé, Arctic Monkeys, Adele, Britney Spears and The Rolling Stones. He also directs TV commercials, notably for Guinness and Levi Strauss & Co.
Podlubovo, Karmaskalinsky District, Republic of Bashkortostan
Podlubovo (Russian: Подлубово) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative centre of Podlubovsky Selsoviet, Karmaskalinsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 905 in 2010. There are eight streets.

Karmaskalinsky District
Karmaskalinsky District (Russian: Кармаскали́нский райо́н; Bashkir: Ҡырмыҫҡалы районы, Qırmıśqalı rayonı) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the center of the republic and borders with Ufimsky and Iglinsky Districts in the north, Arkhangelsky District in the east, Gafuriysky District in the southeast, Aurgazinsky District in the south, Davlekanovsky District in the southwest, and with Chishminsky District in the west. The area of the district is 1,750 square kilometers (680 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Karmaskaly. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 51,504, with the population of Karmaskaly accounting for 16.6% of that number.
Dietrichsdorf
Dietrichsdorf  is a village and a former municipality in Wittenberg district in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. Since 1 January 2011, it is part of the town Zahna-Elster. From 1 January 2005 until January 2011 the municipality belonged to the administrative municipality (Verwaltungsgemeinschaft) of Elbaue-Fläming, and before that to the administrative municipality of Mühlengrund.

Amt
Amt is a type of administrative division governing a group of municipalities, today only in Germany, but formerly also common in other countries of Northern Europe. Its size and functions differ by country and the term is roughly equivalent to a British or U.S. county.
George Earnshaw (sport shooter)
George Earnshaw is a Filipino sports shooter who competed at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta.

He qualified for the 1996 Summer Olympics via a wildcard ticket. Earnshaw has also competed at the Southeast Asian Games, winning at least a gold medal in double trap in the 1995 edition.

SEA Games
The Southeast Asian Games, commonly known as SEA Games, is a biennial multi-sport event involving participants from the current 11 countries of Southeast Asia. The games are under the regulation of the Southeast Asian Games Federation with supervision by the International Olympic Committee and the Olympic Council of Asia.

The SEA Games is one of the five subregional Games of the Olympic Council of Asia, the others being South Asian Games, West Asian Games, East Asian Games, and Central Asian Games.
Morgram railway station
Morgram railway station is a railway station on Nalhati–Azimganj branch line under the Howrah railway division of Eastern Railway zone. It is situated at Fulbari, Morgram, Sagardighi Block in Murshidabad district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

Murshidabad district
Murshidabad district is a district in the Indian state of West Bengal. Situated on the left bank of the river Ganges, the district is very fertile. Covering an area of 5,341 km2 (2,062 sq mi) and having a population 7.103 million (according to 2011 census), it is a densely populated district and the ninth most populous in India (out of 640). Berhampore city is the headquarters of the district.

The Murshidabad city, which lends its name to the district, was the seat of power of the Nawabs of Bengal. All of Bengal was once governed from this city. A few years after Nawab Siraj-ud-Daula lost to the British at the Battle of Plassey, the capital of Bengal was moved to the newly founded city of Calcutta, now called Kolkata.
Happy Bhag Jayegi (soundtrack)
Happy Bhag Jayegi (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) is the soundtrack album to the 2016 film of the same name directed by Mudassar Aziz starring Diana Penty, Abhay Deol, Ali Fazal and Jimmy Sheirgill. The album featured five songs composed by Sohail Sen and lyrics written by Aziz himself. The album was released through Eros Music on 1 August 2016 to positive reviews from critics.

Diana Penty
Diana Penty (pronounced [ɖaːjəna ˈpeːɳʈi]; born 2 November 1985) is an Indian actress who works predominantly in Hindi films. She began her modelling career in 2005 when she was signed up by Elite Models India. Penty then made her acting debut with the romantic comedy film Cocktail (2012), for which she earned the Filmfare Award for Best Female Debut nomination.

After a four-year hiatus, Penty portrayed the titular role of a runaway bride in Happy Bhag Jayegi (2016), a sleeper hit. She went on to play an army officer in Parmanu: The Story of Pokhran (2018), a public service volunteer in Shiddat (2021), and the leading lady in the streaming film Bloody Daddy (2023). Her highest grossing release came with Chhaava (2025). Penty had her web expansion with the series Do You Wanna Partner (2025).

In addition to her acting career, Penty is a prominent celebrity endorser for brands and products.
XXIV Army Corps (Wehrmacht)
The XXIV Army Corps (German: XXIV. Armeekorps) was a unit of the German Army during World War II. The unit was re-designated several times; originally being Generalkommando der Grenztruppen Saarpfalz, later Generalkommando XXIV. Armeekorps, then XXIV. Armeekorps (mot.) and finally XXIV. Panzerkorps.

Martin Wandel
Martin Wandel (15 April 1892 – went missing 14 January 1943) was a German general  in the Wehrmacht during World War II. He was also a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross of Nazi Germany. Wandel went Missing in action on 14 January 1943 when his command post was overrun in part of the encirclement in the Battle of Stalingrad. He was declared dead by a court in Berlin in 1948.
Junonia westermanni
Junonia westermanni, the blue spot pansy,  is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found in the central part of the Afrotropical realm.

Its wingspan is about 25 mm.

The larvae feed on Asystasia, Brillantaisia, Barleria, Justicia, Eremomastax, Ruellia, and Pupalia.

Justicia (plant)
Justicia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Acanthaceae. It is the largest genus within the family, with over 900 accepted species. They are native to tropical to warm temperate regions of the Americas, India, and Africa. The genus serves as host to many butterfly species, such as Anartia fatima.  Common names include water-willow and shrimp plant, the latter from the inflorescences, which resemble a shrimp in some species. The generic name honours Scottish horticulturist James Justice (1698–1763). They are closely related to Pachystachys.
Oikospiel
Oikospiel (titled as Oἶκοςpiel Book 1) is a 2017 video game by independent developer David Kanaga. Upon release, the game received positive reception from critics for its intersection of political, artistic and musical qualities within the medium of a video game, and commentary on the underlying politics of video game development. Following release, the game received awards at the 2017 Independent Games Festival and IndieCade, including the Nuovo Award.

Unity (game engine)
Unity is a cross-platform game engine developed by Unity Technologies, first announced and released in June 2005 at the Apple Worldwide Developers Conference as a Mac OS X game engine. The engine has since been gradually extended to support a variety of desktop, mobile, console, augmented reality, and virtual reality platforms. It is particularly popular for iOS and Android mobile game development, is considered easy to use for beginner developers, and is popular for indie game development.

The engine can be used to create three-dimensional (3D) and two-dimensional (2D) games, as well as interactive simulations. The engine has been adopted by industries outside video gaming including film, automotive, architecture, engineering, construction, and the United States Armed Forces.
Nome–Teller Highway
The Bob Blodgett Nome–Teller Memorial Highway, also known as the Nome–Teller Highway and generally referred to as simply the Teller Highway, is a well-maintained gravel road in the U.S. state of Alaska. It runs 72 miles northwest from Nome to the Inupiat village of Teller, located at the base of the sand spit that divides Port Clarence from Grantley Harbor.

Traversing rolling upland tundra meadows with many creek and river crossings, the road skirts the western flank of the rugged, glacier-carved Kigluaik Mountains. The road leads through some of the country's earliest gold mining areas and ends at the only native village on the summer road system.

The road was named in honor of Robert R. "Bob" Blodgett, a Teller businessman and politician. Nicknamed "The Heller from Teller" in the halls of the state capitol, Blodgett served as a Democratic member of the state house and senate during Alaska's early years as a state.

Tundra
In physical geography, a tundra (/ˈtʌndrə, ˈtʊn-/) is a type of biome where tree growth is hindered by frigid temperatures and short growing seasons. There are three regions and associated types of tundra: Arctic, Alpine, and Antarctic.

Tundra vegetation is composed of dwarf shrubs, sedges, grasses, mosses, and lichens. Scattered trees grow in some tundra regions. The ecotone (or ecological boundary region) between the tundra and the forest is known as the tree line or timberline. The tundra soil is rich in nitrogen and phosphorus. The soil also contains large amounts of biomass and decomposed biomass that has been stored as methane and carbon dioxide in the permafrost, making the tundra soil a carbon sink. As global warming heats the ecosystem and causes soil thawing, the permafrost carbon cycle accelerates and releases much of these soil-contained greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, creating a feedback cycle that contributes to climate change.
Jake Goldberg
Jake Goldberg is an American former child actor who is best known for voicing Pablo in the Nickelodeon animated series The Backyardigans and for portraying Greg Feder in Grown Ups and Grown Ups 2. On January 15, 2014, Goldberg was nominated for a Golden Raspberry Award, along with the rest of the cast of the film Grown Ups 2. He attended the University of Colorado Boulder.

Child actor
A child actor or child actress is a child acting on stage, television or in movies. An adult who began their acting career as a child may also be called a child actor or a "former child actor". Closely associated terms include teenage actor or teen actor, which refer to an actor who gained popularity as a teenager.

Many child actors find themselves struggling to adapt as they become adults, mainly due to typecasting. Macaulay Culkin and Lindsay Lohan are two particularly famous child actors who eventually experienced much difficulty with the fame they acquired at an early age. Some child actors have successful acting careers as adults; for example Mickey Rooney, Elizabeth Taylor, Jodie Foster, Christian Bale, Drew Barrymore, Saoirse Ronan. Other child actors have gone on to successful careers in other fields, including director Ron Howard, politicians Lech and Jarosław Kaczyński, James Jebbia, and singer Jenny Lewis.
Egil Reichborn-Kjennerud
Egil Reichborn-Kjennerud (4 February 1903 – 10 April 1974) was a Norwegian judge, cyclist and sports administrator. He was a Norwegian champion in cycling. During World War II he was a sports leader under the Nazi rule, leading the Norwegian Confederation of Sports from 1940 to 1942.

He administrated the court which sentenced police officer Gunnar Eilifsen to death, but voted against death penalty. After the war he was convicted to ten years prison for treason.

German occupation of Norway
The occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany during the Second World War began on 9 April 1940 after Operation Weserübung. Conventional armed resistance to the German invasion ended on 10 June 1940, and Nazi Germany controlled Norway until the capitulation of German forces in Europe on 8 May 1945. Throughout this period, a pro-German government named Den nasjonale regjering ('the National Government') ruled Norway, while the Norwegian king Haakon VII and the prewar government escaped to London, where they formed a government in exile. Civil rule was effectively assumed by the Reichskommissariat Norwegen (Reich Commissariat of Norway), which acted in collaboration with the pro-German puppet government. This period of military occupation is, in Norway, referred to as the "war years", "occupation period" or simply "the war".
Plagiobothrys leptocladus
Plagiobothrys leptocladus is a species of flowering plant in the borage family known by the common names finebranched popcornflower and alkali plagiobothrys. It is native to western North America from Alaska to the Dakotas to northern Mexico, where it can be found in varied types of wet habitat, including inundated alkali flats and vernal pools.

It is an annual herb growing mostly decumbent with stems 10 to 30 centimeters long. It is hairless to roughly hairy in texture. The leaves along the stem reach 10 centimeters in length near the base. The inflorescence is a series of tiny white flowers each 1 or 2 millimeters wide. Each is surrounded by a calyx of bent, ribbed sepals. The fruit is a lance-shaped nutlet.

Boraginaceae
Boraginaceae, the borage or forget-me-not family, has two significantly different circumscriptions as of December 2025. In the narrower circumscription, Boraginaceae sensu stricto is one of 11 families placed in the order Boraginales and includes about 90–120 genera. This approach was developed by the Boraginales Working Group. In the older, broader circumscription, Boraginaceae sensu lato is the only family in the order Boraginales, and includes about 155 genera.