hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
History of the Jews in Carthage
Carthage (from Punic: 𐤒𐤓𐤕𐤟𐤇𐤃𐤔𐤕, romanized: qart hadaš, lit. 'New City') was a city in North Africa located on the eastern side of the Lake of Tunis across from the center of what is now Tunis in Tunisia.

Though Josephus associated the city's foundation with Jews and some scholars have conjectured that small groups of Jews may have been present in Carthage as early as the Punic era,  the earliest evidence of Jewish presence in the area dates to the 2nd century CE.

Lake of Tunis
The Lake of Tunis (Arabic: بحيرة تونس Buḥayra Tūnis; French: Lac de Tunis) is a natural lagoon located  between the Tunisian capital city of Tunis and the Gulf of Tunis (Mediterranean Sea). The lake covers a total of 37 square kilometres, in contrast to its size its depth is very shallow. It was once the natural harbour of Tunis.
Turn Japanese
Turn Japanese is an EP released by Me First and the Gimme Gimmes on February 21, 2001 by Japanese label Pizza of Death Records. The EP is made up of covers of songs from the 1960s and 1970s.

The majority of the songs were previously released, with "The Boxer", "You've Got a Friend" and "Don't Let the Sun Go Down on Me" each originally appearing on 7" singles (Garf, In Your Barkalounger and Elton respectively) in 1999. All three later appeared on Have Another Ball. "Blowin' in the Wind" and "The Times Are A-Changing" were both unreleased at the time, with the former appearing a month later on the album Blow in the Wind and both appearing on the Bob 7" later in the year. "The Times Are A-Changing" also later appeared on the compilation album Happy Meals Volume 3.

Me First and the Gimme Gimmes
Me First and the Gimme Gimmes (often shortened to MFGG or the Gimmes) are a punk rock supergroup and cover band that formed in San Francisco in 1995. The band's lineup consists of Spike Slawson, C. J. Ramone, Joey Cape, Pinch and John Reis. Dave Raun, Chris Shiflett, and Fat Mike are former members.

The Gimmes work exclusively as a cover band. They specialize in rapid-fire punk interpretations of a wide range of songs, often with a humorous edge. The band also incorporates melodies and riffs of classic punk songs into their performances.

The band is named after a children's book of the same name by Gerald G. Jampolsky and Diane V. Cirincione.

On April 21, 2025, founders Fat Mike and Spike announced that going forward, the touring band will be called "Spike and the Gimme Gimmes."
Harold M. Sewall
Harold Marsh Sewall (January 3, 1860 – October 28, 1924) was an American politician and diplomat.

Sewall was born in Bath, Sagadahoc County, Maine. He was the son of Arthur Sewall. Sewall served in the Maine House of Representatives, 1896, and from 1903 to 1907; he was a  delegate to Republican National Convention from Maine, 1896. He was the last United States Minister to Hawaii, arriving in 1897 to the Republic of Hawaii after the death of Albert Sydney Willis, and returning in 1898 after annexation formed the Territory of Hawaii.
He was a member of the Maine State Senate, from 1907 to 1909 and was a candidate for the United States representative from Maine 2nd district, 1914; member of Republican National Committee from Maine, 1924. He died in a hospital at New York City. His interment was at Oak Grove Cemetery, Bath, Maine.

Following the death of George W. Merrill on January 10, 1914, Sewall became the last living person to serve as the United States Minister  to Hawaii.

Bath, Maine
Bath is a city in and county seat of Sagadahoc County, Maine, United States. Bath had a 2024 population of 8,870. Bath is  growing at a rate of 0.29% annually, and its population has increased by 1.21% since the most recent census, which recorded a population of 8,764 in 2020. The city is popular with tourists, many drawn by its 19th-century architecture. It is home to the Bath Iron Works and Heritage Days Festival, held annually during the Fourth of July weekend. It is commonly known as the "City of Ships" due to the number of sailing ships that were built in the Bath shipyards. Bath is part of the Portland-South Portland-Biddeford metropolitan statistical area.
Blanton Log House
The Blanton Log House, in Rio Arriba County, New Mexico near Los Ojos, New Mexico, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

It is a 45 by 15 feet (13.7 m × 4.6 m) log house built with horizontal logs with some mud plaster.  It has a very steep corrugated metal roof, and vertical planking in both of its gable ends.  It has chamfered porch posts.  A shed-roofed addition, about 20 by 10 feet (6.1 m × 3.0 m) on its southwest corner.

It was deemed significant as "a well-preserved, slightly-modified example of Hispanic log housing. The dovetail notching, half dovetail joints and steep roof are somewhat unusual. The linear, modular composition, multiple doors and gable doors are typical."

It was altered by an opening cut into one of its short ends so that it could be used as a garage.

It is located on the east side of La Puente Rd. about 250 yards (230 m) south of Hatchery Rd., just above the drop-off from the first plateau to the river.

Rio Arriba County, New Mexico
Rio Arriba County (Spanish: Condado de Río Arriba) is a county in the U.S. state of New Mexico. As of the 2020 census, the population was 40,363. Its county seat is Tierra Amarilla. Its northern border is the Colorado state line.

Rio Arriba County comprises the Española, New Mexico, micropolitan statistical area, which is also included in the Albuquerque–Santa Fe–Los Alamos combined statistical area.
Cycloramphus fuliginosus
Cycloramphus fuliginosus is a species of frog in the family Cycloramphidae. It is endemic to southeastern Brazil and known from the Atlantic coastal forest between southeastern Bahia and Rio de Janeiro. Its common name is Tschudi's button frog. The specific name was originally spelled as fulginosus, but the incorrect subsequent spelling fuliginosus by André Marie Constant Duméril and Gabriel Bibron (1841) was followed by later authors and is now preserved on the basis of the "prevailing usage".

Cycloramphus fuliginosus is a common frog. It is a nocturnal species living in primary and secondary forest. Habitat loss is a major threat to it.

André Marie Constant Duméril
André Marie Constant Duméril (1 January 1774 – 14 August 1860) was a French zoologist. He was professor of anatomy at the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle from 1801 to 1812, when he became professor of herpetology and ichthyology. His son Auguste Duméril was also a zoologist, and the author citation Duméril is used for both André and his son.
The Condemned
The Condemned is a 2007 action film written and directed by Scott Wiper. The film stars Steve Austin, Vinnie Jones, Robert Mammone, Tory Mussett, Madeleine West and Rick Hoffman.

The film centers on ten convicts who are forced to fight each other to the death as part of an illegal game which is being broadcast to the public.  The Condemned was filmed in Queensland, Australia. Fight choreography was coordinated by Richard Norton, who also stunt doubles for Jones on some scenes. A sequel titled The Condemned 2 starring Randy Orton was released in 2015.

The film was produced by WWE Films and distributed by Lionsgate on April 27, 2007.

Stage combat
Stage combat, fight craft  or fight choreography is a specialised technique in theatre designed to create the illusion of physical combat without causing harm to the performers. It is employed in live stage plays as well as operatic and ballet productions. With the advent of cinema and television the term has widened to also include the choreography of filmed fighting sequences, as opposed to the earlier live performances on stage. It is closely related to the practice of stunts and is a common field of study for actors. Actors famous for their stage fighting skills frequently have backgrounds in dance, gymnastics or martial arts training.
Biathlon at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Women's mass start
The women's 12.5 km mass start biathlon competition of the Pyeongchang 2018 Olympics was held on 17 February 2018 at the Alpensia Biathlon Centre in Pyeongchang, South Korea. Anastasiya Kuzmina won the gold medal, the defending champion Darya Domracheva took the silver, and Tiril Eckhoff replicated her 2014 bronze medal success.

Pyeongchang County
Pyeongchang (American English: /ˌpjʌŋˈtʃɑːŋ/ pyung-CHAHNG, Korean: [pʰjʌŋtɕʰaŋ]; in full, Pyeongchang-gun [pʰjʌŋtɕʰaŋɡun]) is a county in the state of Gangwon, South Korea, located in the Taebaek Mountains region. It is home to several Buddhist temples, including Woljeongsa. It is about 180 km (110 mi) east southeast of Seoul, the capital of South Korea, and connected by expressways and high-speed passenger railways. Pyeongchang's slogan, "Happy 700 Pyeongchang", is taken from its average elevation of approximately 700 metres (2,300 ft).

Pyeongchang hosted the 2018 Winter Olympics and the 2018 Winter Paralympics. It was officially rebranded as "PyeongChang" (with a capital 'C') for the purposes of the 2018 Games, in order to avoid confusion with Pyongyang in North Korea.
Punta Islita
Punta Islita is a resort town in the Nandayure Canton, Guanacaste Province of Costa Rica. The Punta Islita Airport is located in the nearby town of Corozalito.

The village has houses and murals with Naive paintings and mosaics. The town is framed by cliffs, creating a halfmoon bay. It is named after the small area of land that becomes an island at high tide.

In December 2017, ten American tourists and two pilots were killed in a plane crash in Punta Islita.

Guanacaste Province
Guanacaste (Spanish pronunciation: [ɡwanaˈkaste]) is a province of Costa Rica in the northwestern part of the country, along the coast of the Pacific Ocean. It is bordered by Nicaragua to the north, Alajuela Province to the east, and Puntarenas Province to the southeast. It is the most sparsely populated province in Costa Rica. Guanacaste has an area of 10,141 square kilometres (3,915 sq mi) and as of 2010, had a population of 354,154, with annual revenue of $2 billion.

Guanacaste's capital is Liberia. Other important cities include Cañas and Nicoya.
Ross McEwan
Ross Maxwell McEwan CBE (born 16 July 1957) is a New Zealand banker, and former chief executive officer (CEO) and managing director of National Australia Bank.

He was previously the chief executive officer (CEO) of The Royal Bank of Scotland Group (RBS), a FTSE 100 company, from October 2013 to October 2019.

FTSE 100 Index
The Financial Times Stock Exchange 100 Index, also called the FTSE 100 Index, FTSE 100, FTSE or, informally, the "Footsie" /ˈfʊtsi/, is one of the United Kingdom's best-known stock market indices and represents the 100 most highly capitalised blue chips listed on the London Stock Exchange.
AlphaCrowd
AlphaCrowd is a New Zealand equity crowdfunding platform for digital and technology companies and investors, that was licensed by the Financial Markets Authority in October 2015. In November 2016, the company raised equity capital from a Chinese angel investor at a valuation of around $2.7 million; of the $800,000 raised a part was conditional on the investor being granted a travel visa to New Zealand.

Financial Markets Authority (New Zealand)
The Financial Markets Authority (FMA, Maori:Te Mana Tātai Hokohoko) is a New Zealand government agency responsible for financial regulation.  It is responsible for regulating all financial market participants, exchanges and the setting and enforcing of financial regulations.
MV Ricardo Manuel
Ricardor Manuel was an 873 GRT coaster which was built in 1940 by Goole Shipbuilding & Repairing Co Ltd, Goole as Empire Cliff for the Ministry of War Transport (MoWT). In 1945 she was sold and renamed Marna. A further sale in 1960 saw her renamed Harcliff. In 1963, she was sold to a Panamanian company and renamed Ricardo Manuel. She sank in 1971 after a collision with another ship at the entrance to Casablanca harbour, Morocco.

Coastal trading vessel
Coastal trading vessels, also known as coasters or skoots, are shallow-hulled merchant ships used for transporting cargo along a coastline. Their shallow hulls mean that they can get through reefs where deeper-hulled seagoing ships usually cannot (26-28 feet), but as a result they are not optimized for the large waves found on the open ocean. Coasters can load and unload cargo in shallow ports.

For European inland waterways they are limited in size by the navigable dimensions of those waterways. E.g. ships on the French waterways are limited to the Freycinet gauge of 38.5m length, 5.05m breadth, and 2.5m  draft.
TVXQ videography
The videography of South Korean pop group TVXQ, known as Tohoshinki in Japan, consists of 111 music videos, 20 concert tour videos, 11 documentary DVDs, one music video compilation, eight photo albums, and six storybooks. TVXQ originally debuted as a five-piece boy band under S.M. Entertainment in December 2003. In 2004, the band signed with Japan's Avex sub-label Rhythm Zone and released their debut Japanese single, "Stay with Me Tonight" in April 2005. In July 2009, three of the members – later known as JYJ – left the group's Korean agency S.M. Entertainment, and TVXQ returned as a duo act with remaining members U-Know Yunho and Max Changmin in 2011.

Max Changmin
Shim Chang-min (Korean: 심창민; born February 18, 1988), better known by his stage name Max Changmin (최강창민; Choegang Changmin), is a South Korean singer-songwriter, actor, and a member of the pop duo TVXQ. Born and raised in Seoul, South Korea, Changmin was scouted by an SM Entertainment talent agent when he was fourteen years old. He made his debut as TVXQ's youngest member in December 2003.

Fluent in both Korean and Japanese, Changmin has achieved commercial success throughout Asia as the main vocalist  of TVXQ. He has also starred in several dramas.
Braegen-02
Braegen-02 is a small-molecule drug which acts as a potent and selective agonist of the tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB). It is commonly referred to as CF3CN due to the CF3 and CN groups in its chemical structure, but this may cause confusion with the unrelated chemical trifluoroacetonitrile which has the chemical formula CF3CN. As with many TrkB agonists it was derived through modification of the natural product TrkB agonist 7,8-dihydroxyflavone, but it is more potent than earlier derivatives such as R13. It is under development as a potential treatment for neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.

Nitrile
In organic chemistry, a nitrile is any organic compound that has a −C≡N functional group. The name of the compound is composed of a base, which includes the carbon of the −C≡N, suffixed with "nitrile", so for example CH3CH2C≡N is called "propionitrile" (or propanenitrile). The prefix cyano- is used interchangeably with the term nitrile in industrial literature. Nitriles are found in many useful compounds, including methyl cyanoacrylate, used in super glue, and nitrile rubber, a nitrile-containing polymer used in latex-free laboratory and medical gloves. Nitrile rubber is also widely used as automotive and other seals since it is resistant to fuels and oils. Organic compounds containing multiple nitrile groups are known as cyanocarbons.

Inorganic compounds containing the −C≡N group are not called nitriles, but cyanides instead. Though both nitriles and cyanides can be derived from cyanide salts, most nitriles are not nearly as toxic.
Qinggil County
Qinggil County (Uyghur), also Chinggil County, Qinghe County, is a county of Altay Prefecture in northeastern Xinjiang, China, bordering Bayan-Ölgii Province and Khovd Province in Mongolia to the east. It has an area of 15,722 km2 (6,070 sq mi) with a population of 60,000. Qinghe was the site of a meteorite impact in 1898 and a Mongolian–Chinese border clash in the spring of 1944.

SASM/GNC romanization
The former State Administration of Surveying and Mapping, Geographical Names Committee and former Script Reform Committee of the People's Republic of China have adopted several romanizations for Chinese, Mongolian, Tibetan and Uyghur, officially known as pinyin, Regulation of Phonetic Transcription in Hanyu Pinyin Letters of Place Names in Minority Nationality Languages and Orthography of Chinese Personal Name in Hanyu Pinyin Letters. These systems may be referred to as SASM/GNC/SRC transcriptions or SASM/GNC romanizations.

These romanization systems have been used for foreign translations of Chinese personal names and toponyms since 1978.

All schemes except pinyin have a strict form and a broad form, where the broad form is used in general. In the case of pinyin, tone marks are omitted in practice.
2014 Challenger Banque Nationale de Granby – Women's doubles
Lena Litvak and Carol Zhao are the defending champions, having won the event in 2013, but decided not to play together. Litvak played with Marcela Zacarías and lost in the first round to Miharu Imanishi and Miyabi Inoue, while Zhao played with Erin Routliffe.

Hiroko Kuwata and Riko Sawayanagi won the title after Erin Routliffe and Carol Zhao gave them a walkover in the final because of an injury.

Riko Sawayanagi
Riko Sawayanagi (澤柳 璃子, Sawayanagi Riko, born 25 October 1994) is an inactive Japanese tennis player.

Primarily, Sawayanagi has played mostly on the ITF Women's Circuit where she has won 14 titles, eleven in doubles, including the $75k tournament in Toyota, Japan.
Agartala–Dharmanagar Passenger
Agartala–Dharmanagar Passenger is a Passenger train belonging to Northeast Frontier Railway zone that runs between Agartala and Dharmanagar, North Tripura district, India. It is currently being operated with 05675/05676 train numbers on a daily basis.

Northeast Frontier Railway zone
The Northeast Frontier Railway (abbreviated NFR) is one of the 19 railway zones of the Indian Railways. It is headquartered in Maligaon, Guwahati in the state of Assam, and responsible for operation and expansion of rail network all across Northeastern states and some districts of eastern Bihar and northern West Bengal.
Italian cruiser Marco Polo
Marco Polo was an armored cruiser built for the Royal Italian Navy (Regia Marina) in the 1890s, the first of her type in Italian service. The ship spent the bulk of her career deployed in the Far East. Between deployments she participated in the Italo-Turkish War of 1911–12 during which she caused a diplomatic incident with the Austro-Hungarian Empire. After that affair Marco Polo was sent to Libya where she bombarded the towns of Homs, and Zuara and the defenses of the Dardanelles. In between these operations, the ship provided naval gunfire support to the Royal Italian Army in Libya. Due to her age, Marco Polo did not play a significant role in World War I, serving as an accommodation ship in Venice until she began conversion into a troopship in 1917. After a series of renamings in 1920–21, the ship was stricken from the naval register in 1922 and subsequently sold for scrap.

Naval gunfire support
Naval gunfire support (NGFS), also known as naval surface fire support (NSFS), or shore bombardment, is the use of naval artillery to provide fire support for amphibious assault and other troops operating within their range. NGFS is one of several disciplines encompassed by the term naval fires. Modern naval gunfire support is one of the three main components of amphibious warfare assault operations support, along with aircraft and ship-launched land-attack missiles. Shipborne guns have been used against shore defences since medieval naval warfare.
Ron Hall (Australian footballer, born 1945)
Ronald Maxwell Hall (11 November 1945 – 26 June 2014) was an Australian rules footballer who played in Tasmania during the 1960s and 1970s and represented the state a number of times including matches at the 1969 Adelaide Carnival.

Hall played senior football with Scottsdale in the Northern Tasmanian Football Association. He was a member of six NTFA premiership teams for that club (1964, 1965, 1968, 1970, 1971, 1973) and also played in two sides that were runners-up (1966 & 1974). He was placed a number of times in the club Best and Fairest, finishing second in 1967, and third in 1969, 1974 and 1978.

Ron Hall was inducted as a member of the Tasmanian Football Hall of Fame in 2008.

Northern Tasmanian Football Association (1886–1986)
The Northern Tasmanian Football Association (NTFA) was an Australian rules football competition which ran from 1886 to 1986. In its time it was one of the three main leagues in Tasmania, with the Tasmanian Football League and North West Football Union representing the rest of the state. It was based in the city of Launceston.
The three most successful clubs of the old NTFA, Launceston, North Launceston and City-South, went on to compete in the short-lived TFL Statewide League.

From 1947 to 1983 the NTFA was a six team competition, in 1984 George Town and Deloraine joined to make eight teams.

In 1987, the NTFA merged with the North West Football Union to form the Northern Tasmanian Football League.

At the end of 1995 the Tasmanian Amateur Football Association disbanded, The southern clubs help form the Southern Football League, The northern clubs formed a competition called the Northern Tasmanian Football Association. There is no relationship between the old and new NTFA.
Finnveden
Finnveden or Finnheden is one of the ancient small lands of Småland. It corresponded to the hundreds of Sunnerbo, Östbo and Västbo. Finnveden had its own judicial system and laws, as did the other small lands. Finnveden is situated around lake Bolmen and the river Lagan. Most runestones in Finnveden describe men who died in England. Finnveden is today divided and is a part of the counties of Halland, Kronoberg and Jönköping.

It was first mentioned by Jordanes when he referred to its population as the Finnaithae (derived from an old form of Finnheden, Finn(h)aith-) when describing the nations of Scandza in Getica.

Kronoberg County
Kronoberg County (IPA: [ˈkrûːnʊˌbærj]; Swedish: Kronobergs län) is a county or län in southern Sweden. Kronoberg is one of three counties in the province of Småland. It borders the counties of Skåne, Halland, Jönköping, Kalmar, and Blekinge. Its capital is the city of Växjö. While Kronoberg is an inland county, the southernmost fringes are about 20 kilometres (12 mi) from the coastline.
Copperhead (Image Comics)
Copperhead is a Space Western comic book series written by Jay Faerber and illustrated by Scott Godlewski, published monthly by American company Image Comics.

The first issue of Copperhead was published on September 10, 2014, to positive reviews and a sold-out first printing. The first five-issue story arc was published in trade paperback form in March 2015.

Copperhead returned to the stands with issue 11 on March 8, 2017, when Jay Faerber was joined by artist Drew Moss, but is on hiatus since June 2018 (issue 19).

Space Western
Space Western is a subgenre of science fiction that uses the themes and tropes of Westerns within science-fiction stories in an outer space setting. Subtle influences may include exploration of new, lawless frontiers, while more overt influences may feature actual cowboys in outer space who use rayguns and ride robotic horses. Although initially popular, a strong backlash against perceived hack writing caused the genre to become a subtler influence until the 1980s, when it regained popularity. A further critical reappraisal occurred during the 2000s due to critical acclaim for Firefly.