hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Bissinger
John Frederick Bissinger Jr. (January 7, 1879 in New York, New York – January 20, 1941 in Bronx, New York) was an American gymnast and track and field athlete who competed in the 1904 Summer Olympics.

In 1904, Bissinger won the silver medal in the team event. He was also fifth in the athletics' triathlon event, eights in the gymnastics all-around event and 14th in the gymnastics' triathlon event. He was inducted into the USA Gymnastics Hall of Fame in 1993.

Bissinger later coached gymnastics at New York University. He continued to compete until c. 1921. He was considered one of the greatest master gymnasts and best known turner in the United States.

Gymnastics at the 1904 Summer Olympics – Men's triathlon
The men's triathlon was an artistic gymnastics event held as part of the gymnastics programme at the 1904 Summer Olympics. It was the only time the event was held at the Olympics. The competition was held on Friday, July 1, 1904, and on Saturday, July 2, 1904. One hundred and nineteen gymnasts from three nations competed.

The three apparatus used were the horizontal bar, the parallel bars, and the horse (itself actually split further between the "long horse" or vault and the "side horse" or pommel horse). Each gymnast performed two compulsory routines and one optional routine on each apparatus, with the compulsory routines split between the two versions of the horse and the optional horse routine being on the side horse. The maximum score in each routine was 5, for a total maximum of 45.

Scores from this event, as well as the athletics triathlon event, were used to determine final scoring in the gymnastic all-around event.
Findo Gask
Findo Gask is a small village in Perth and Kinross in Scotland, just off the main A9 road.  It is in Strathearn.

There are nearby remains associated with the Roman Road to the south and the Roman Frontier on the Gask Ridge.

The area was associated with the family of Laurence Oliphant, and his granddaughter, the songwriter Lady Nairne, was born there.

During the Second World War, units of the Polish Army were stationed at Findo Gask Airfield (now disused).

The woodlands around Findo Gask are known to be excellent sites for the collection of truffles, particularly black truffles, and truffle hunters can often be observed there during certain seasons.

Gask House was built here in 1801 designed by Richard Crichton a pupil of Robert Adam.

Perth and Kinross
Perth and Kinross (Scots: Pairth an Kinross; Scottish Gaelic: Peairt agus Ceann Rois) is one of the 32 council areas of Scotland, and a lieutenancy area. It is bordered by Highland and Aberdeenshire to the north, Angus, Dundee, and Fife to the east, Clackmannanshire to the south, and Stirling and Argyll and Bute to the west.

Geographically the area is split by the Highland Boundary Fault into a more mountainous northern part and a flatter southern part. The northern area is a popular tourist spot, while agriculture makes an important contribution to the southern part of the area.

The area is run by Perth and Kinross Council, which is based in Perth.
Mini DisplayPort
The Mini DisplayPort (MiniDP or mDP) is a miniaturized version of the DisplayPort audio-visual digital interface.

It was announced by Apple in October 2008, and by early 2013 all new Apple Macintosh computers had Mini DisplayPort, as did the LED Cinema Display. However, in 2016 Apple began phasing out the port and replacing it with the new USB-C connector. The Mini DisplayPort is also fitted to some PC motherboards, video cards, and some PC notebooks from Asus, Microsoft, MSI, Lenovo, Toshiba, HP, Dell, and other manufacturers.

Apple offers a no fee license for the Mini DisplayPort but the license automatically terminates should the licensee "commence an action for patent infringement against Apple".

Asus
ASUSTEK Computer Inc. (/ˈeɪsuːs/, /eɪˈsuːs/, /ɑːˈ-/, /əˈ-/;), doing business as ASUS, is a Taiwanese multinational computer, phone hardware and electronics manufacturer headquartered in Beitou District, Taipei, Taiwan. Its products include desktop computers, laptops, netbooks, mobile phones, networking equipment, monitors, Wi-Fi routers, projectors, motherboards, graphics cards, optical storage, multimedia products, peripherals, wearables, servers, workstations and tablet PCs. The company is also an original equipment manufacturer (OEM).

As of 2024, Asus is the world's fifth-largest personal computer vendor by unit sales. Asus has a primary listing on the Taiwan Stock Exchange under the ticker code 2357 and formerly had a secondary listing on the London Stock Exchange under the ticker code ASKD.
8b/10b encoding
In telecommunications, 8b/10b is a line code that maps 8-bit words to 10-bit symbols to achieve DC balance and bounded disparity, and at the same time provide enough state changes to allow reasonable clock recovery.  This means that the difference between the counts of ones and zeros in a string of at least 20 bits is no more than two, and that there are not more than five ones or zeros in a row. This helps to reduce the demand for the lower bandwidth limit of the channel necessary to transfer the signal.

An 8b/10b code can be implemented in various ways with focus on different performance parameters. One implementation was designed by K. Odaka for the DAT digital audio recorder. Kees Schouhamer Immink designed an 8b/10b code for the DCC audio recorder. The IBM implementation was described in 1983 by Al Widmer and Peter Franaszek.

DC bias
In signal processing, when describing a periodic function in the time domain, the DC bias, DC component, DC offset, or DC coefficient is the mean value of the waveform. A waveform with zero mean or no DC bias is known as a DC balanced or DC free waveform.
Gotthard Tunnel
The Gotthard Tunnel (German: Gotthardtunnel, Italian: Galleria del San Gottardo) is a 15-kilometre-long (9.3 mi) railway tunnel that forms the summit of the Gotthard Railway in Switzerland. It connects Göschenen with Airolo and was the first tunnel through the Saint-Gotthard Massif in order to bypass the St Gotthard Pass. It was built as single bore tunnel accommodating a standard gauge double-track railway throughout. When opened in 1882, the Gotthard Tunnel was the longest tunnel in the world.

The tunnel rises from the northern portal at Göschenen (1,106 m or 3,629 ft) and the highest point (1,151 m or 3,776 ft) is reached after approximately eight kilometres (5 mi). After two more kilometers, the border between the cantons of Uri and Ticino is passed; after another five kilometres (3 mi), the tunnel ends at the southern portal near to Airolo (1,142 m or 3,747 ft). The trip takes about seven to eight minutes by train. Services are operated by the Swiss Federal Railways.

Canton of Uri
The canton of Uri (German: Kanton Uri [ˈuːri] ⓘ; Romansh: Chantun Uri; French: Canton d'Uri; Italian: Canton Uri) is one of the 26 cantons of Switzerland and a founding member of the Swiss Confederation. It is located in Central Switzerland. The canton's territory covers the valley of the Reuss between the St. Gotthard Pass and Lake Lucerne.

The official language of Uri is (the Swiss variety of Standard) German, but the main spoken dialect is the Alemannic Swiss German called Urner German.

Uri was once the only canton whose children in school had to learn Italian as their first foreign language, but in the school year of 2005/2006, that was changed to English, as in other Central and Northeastern Swiss cantons. The canton's population is about 35,000, of which 3,046 (or 8.7%) are foreigners.

The legendary William Tell is said to have hailed from Uri. The historical landmark Rütli lies within the canton of Uri.
Peter Smith Michie
Peter Smith Michie (March 24, 1839 – February 16, 1901) was an American soldier, Army engineer, and military educator.

Michie's biography of Major General George B. McClellan, who lead the Union Army of the Potomac during the Peninsula and Maryland campaigns, including the Seven Days Battles and the  Battle of Antietam, was published in 1901.  In 2010, historian John C. Waugh referred to it as "the oldest and still one of the best McClellan biographies."

John C. Waugh
John Clinton Waugh (born October 12, 1929) is an American journalist and historian.

Waugh began professional writing as a journalist, then turned to media work for national politicians, and began authoring books about history in 1989. He is best known for his first book, The Class of 1846 — From West Point to Appomattox: Stonewall Jackson, George McClellan and their Brothers, which won the New York Civil War Round Table’s Fletcher Pratt Literary Award for the best non-fiction book of 1994 and was a best-seller. He is author of four books on Abraham Lincoln and eight other histories on topics relating to the American Civil War.

Waugh lives in Pantego, Texas.
Ami Kikuchi
Ami Kikuchi (菊地 亜美, Kikuchi Ami, born September 5, 1990) is a Japanese model, tarento and radio personality from LesPros Entertainment. She is from Kitami, Hokkaido, and is a second generation member (number 16) of the idol group Idoling.

Since her graduation from Idoling, Kikuchi has made numerous appearances as a television personality on various variety programs.

Idoling!!!
Idoling!!! (アイドリング!!!, Aidoringu!!!) was a Japanese TV show with an attached female idol group created by Fuji TV. The concept of the group was to watch as the girls grow as idols and experience various things. Idoling's main source of exposure was their TV show, which aired several new episodes every week on FUJI TV ONE, with more than 1000 episodes broadcast since October 30, 2006. Over the years of the show, Idoling!!! released 7 studio albums, 24 singles, collaborated with other idol groups (such as AKB48), released DVD specials and gave many live performances and concerts. The group officially disbanded on October 27, 2015, with the graduation of all remaining members.
Connected (2022 film)
Connected is a 2022 Filipino youth-oriented romantic comedy film directed by Theodore Boborol, starring former Pinoy Big Brother: Connect housemates Kobie Brown, Andi Abaya, Ralph Malibunas, Gail Banawis, Chico Alicaya, Amanda Zamora, and PBB co-host Richard Juan as they navigate all their different personalities while finding a sense of purpose, love, attention, and the struggle to combat feelings of isolation in a connected world.

It is also the first movie produced by Star Magic Studios, serving as the newly-formed studio's realization of its vision to produce movies that will showcase its artists' talents in the most perfect yet challenging roles for them.

Theodore Boborol
Theodore Capistrano Boborol (born December 19, 1979) is a Filipino film and television director who started as a creative researcher for Star Cinema in 2000. Boborol made his directorial debut with the teen romantic comedy-drama film Just the Way You Are (2015). He rose to prominence for directing his second feature film, Vince and Kath and James (2016), which was a commercial and critical success. His third film Finally Found Someone, is one of the highest-grossing films of 2017 in the Philippines.

Boborol is also the director of the first queer dating reality series in the Philippines, Sparks Camp (2023), and the award-winning independent film Iska (2019).
Barbatula zetensis
Barbatula zetensis, also known as the Zeta stone loach, is a species of Cypriniformes fish in the genus Barbatula. It is found in the drainage of the River Morača in the Lake Skadar basin in Montenegro. It is common in streams and rivers with stone beds.

Lake Skadar
Lake Skadar or Lake Scutari (Albanian: Liqeni i Shkodrës, pronounced [liˈcɛni i ˈʃkɔdrəs]; Montenegrin: Скадарско језеро, Skadarsko jezero, pronounced [skâdarskɔː jɛ̂zɛrɔ]) – also called Lake Shkodra and Lake Shkodër – lies on the border of Albania and Montenegro, and is the largest lake in Southern Europe. It is named after the Albanian city of Shkodër which lies at its southeastern coast. It is a karst lake.

The Montenegrin section of the lake and surrounding land have been designated as a national park, while the Albanian part constitutes a nature reserve and a Ramsar site.
Æthelheard of Wessex
Æthelheard (meaning roughly "Noble Stern"), also spelled Ethelheard, Edelard or Æþelheard, was King of Wessex from 726 to 740. There is an unreliable record of Æthelheard having been the brother-in-law of his predecessor, Ine, but his ancestry is unknown, perhaps making him the first King of Wessex not to be descended from Cynric by blood.

Some sources identify him as the brother of Queen Æthelburg of Wessex, the wife of his predecessor, King Ine. His own successor Cuthred is identified in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle as 'his relative'.

When Ine abdicated and went to Rome in 726, he left behind no obvious heir, and according to Bede simply left his kingdom "to younger men". The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle calls him a descendant of the early king Ceawlin.

Æthelheard married Frithugyth in 729 or before.

Prosopography of Anglo-Saxon England
The Prosopography of Anglo-Saxon England (PASE) is a database and associated website that aims to construct a prosopography of individuals within Anglo-Saxon England. The PASE online database presents details (which it calls factoids) of the lives of every recorded individual who lived in, or was closely connected with, Anglo-Saxon England from 597 to 1087, with specific citations to (and often quotations from) each primary source describing each factoid.
Derrynane Inshore Rescue
Derrynane Inshore Rescue is located at the Mass Path at Derrynane Beach, close to Derrynane, a village on the Iveragh peninsula, approximately 70 km (43 mi) south-west of Killarney in County Kerry, on the south-west coast of Ireland.

This independent search and rescue (SAR) service was established in 1995.

The station currently operates a 7.39 m (24.2 ft) Delta 740X RIB, on station since 2003.

Derrynane Inshore Rescue is a 'Declared Resource' (DR) with Irish Coast Guard, a member of Community Rescue Boats Ireland (CRBI), and a registered charity (No. 20054694).

Rigid inflatable boat
A rigid inflatable boat (RIB), also rigid-hull inflatable boat or rigid-hulled inflatable boat (RHIB), is a lightweight but high-performance and high-capacity boat constructed with a rigid hull bottom joined to side-forming air tubes that are inflated with air to high pressure to give the sides resilient rigidity along the boat's topsides. The design is stable, light, fast and seaworthy. The inflated collar ensures that the vessel retains its buoyancy, even if the boat is taking on water. The RIB is an evolutionary development of the inflatable boat with a rubberized fabric bottom that is stiffened with flat boards within the collar to form the deck or floor of the boat.
Dun, Ariège
Dun (French pronunciation: [dœ̃]) is a commune in the Ariège department in the Occitanie region in southwestern France. In 1973, the commune Dun was expanded with the former communes Merviel, Engraviès and Senesse-de-Senabugue.

Occitania (administrative region)
Occitania (French: Occitanie [ɔksitani] ⓘ; Occitan: Occitània [utsiˈtanjɔ]; Catalan: Occitània [uksiˈtaniə]) is the southernmost administrative region of metropolitan France excluding Corsica, located in the south of the country, created on 1 January 2016 from the former regions of Languedoc-Roussillon and Midi-Pyrénées. The Council of State approved Occitania as the new name of the region on 28 September 2016, coming into effect on 30 September 2016.

The modern administrative region is named after the larger cultural and historical region of Occitania, which corresponds with the southern third of France. The region of Occitania as it is today covers a territory similar to that ruled by the Counts of Toulouse in the 12th and 13th centuries. The banner of arms of the Counts of Toulouse, known colloquially as the Occitan cross, is used by the modern region and is also a popular cultural symbol. In 2022, Occitania had a population of 6,080,731.
Bip internal ribosome entry site (IRES)
The BiP internal ribosome entry site (IRES) is an RNA element present in the 5' UTR of the mRNA of BiP protein and allows cap-independent translation. BiP protein expression has been found to be significantly enhanced by the heat shock response due to internal ribosome entry site (IRES)-dependent translation. It is thought that this translational mechanism is essential for the survival of cells under stress.

Binding immunoglobulin protein
Binding immunoglobulin protein (BiPS) also known as 78 kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP-78) or heat shock 70 kDa protein 5 (HSPA5) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HSPA5 gene.

BiP is a HSP70 molecular chaperone located in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) that binds newly synthesized proteins as they are translocated into the ER, and maintains them in a state competent for subsequent folding and oligomerization. BiP is also an essential component of the translocation machinery and plays a role in retrograde transport across the ER membrane of aberrant proteins destined for degradation by the proteasome. BiP is an abundant protein under all growth conditions, but its synthesis is markedly induced under conditions that lead to the accumulation of unfolded polypeptides in the ER.
John Roselli
John "Handsome Johnny" Roselli (sometimes spelled Rosselli; born Filippo Sacco; July 4, 1905 – August 7, 1976) was an Italian-born mobster for the Chicago Outfit who helped that organization exert influence over Hollywood and the Las Vegas Strip. Roselli was recruited by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) in a plot to assassinate Cuban leader Fidel Castro.

Gangster
A gangster (informally gangsta) is a criminal who is a member of a gang. Most gangs are considered to be part of organized crime. Gangsters are also called mobsters, a term derived from mob and the suffix -ster. Gangs provide a level of organization and resources that support much larger and more complex criminal transactions than an individual criminal could achieve. Gangsters have been active for many years in countries around the world. Gangsters are the subject of many novels, films, television series, and video games.
Shlomo (beatboxer)
Shlomo Sarah Kahn (born 1983), known professionally as SK Shlomo and previously as Shlomo, is a British interdisciplinary performance artist, theatre maker, beatboxer, and live looping technologist. They are the founder and Artistic Director of the disabled-led organisation Nebula Productions.

Queen Elizabeth Hall
The Queen Elizabeth Hall (QEH) is a music venue on the South Bank in London, England, that hosts classical, jazz, and avant-garde music, talks and dance performances. It was opened in 1967, with a concert conducted by Benjamin Britten.

The QEH was built along with the smaller Purcell Room as part of Southbank Centre arts complex. It stands alongside the Royal Festival Hall, which was built for the Festival of Britain of 1951, and the Hayward Gallery which opened in 1968.
Gymnastics at the 1991 Pan American Games
This page shows the results of the Gymnastics Competition at the 1991 Pan American Games in Havana, Cuba. Artistic and rhymic gymnastics competition was held from August 3 to August 18 in Santiago de Cuba at the Sala Polivalente Alejandro Urgelles.

Santiago de Cuba
Santiago de Cuba (Spanish pronunciation: [sanˈtjaɣo ðe ˈkuβa]) is the second-largest city in Cuba and the capital city of Santiago de Cuba Province. It lies in the southeastern area of the island, some 870 km (540 mi) southeast of the Cuban capital of Havana.

The municipality extends over 1,023.8 km2 (395.3 sq mi), and contains the communities of Antonio Maceo, Bravo, Castillo Duany, Daiquirí, El Caney, El Cobre, El Cristo, Guilera, Leyte Vidal, Moncada and Siboney.

Historically Santiago de Cuba has been the second-most important city on the island after Havana, and remains the second-largest. It lies on a bay connected to the Caribbean Sea and is an important sea port. In 2022, the city of Santiago de Cuba recorded a population of 507,167 people.
Carmen Roy
Carmen Roy was an ethnologist and folklorist who conducted an oral survey in the Gaspé Peninsula and served in many roles as curator and section director at Canada's National Museum in Ottawa in the late 1940s through to the 1980s. Working with Marius Barbeau and Luc Lacouciere, she helped build and modernize ethnographic practice in Canada and was considered an early leader in the field of folklore in the country. As an administrator at the National Museum she also helped foster the scholarship of collectors such as Helen Creighton and Edith Fowke.

Gaspé Peninsula
The Gaspé Peninsula, also known as Gaspesia (French: Gaspésie, [ɡaspezi]), is a peninsula along the south shore of the St. Lawrence River that extends from the Matapedia Valley in Quebec, Canada, into the Gulf of St. Lawrence. It is separated from New Brunswick on its southern side by Chaleur Bay and the Restigouche River. The name Gaspé comes from the Mi'kmaq word gespe'g, meaning "end", referring to the end of the land.

The Gaspé Peninsula is slightly larger than Belgium, at 31,075 square kilometres (11,998 sq mi). The population is 140,599 as of the 2011 census. It is also noted as the only region outside the Channel Islands to contain native speakers of Jersey Norman.
Khalifehlu, Khorramdarreh
Khalifehlu (Persian: خليفه لو) is a village in Alvand Rural District of the Central District in Khorramdarreh County, Zanjan province, Iran.

Located about 7 km north of Khorramdarreh, in the central part of the Tarom magmatic zone, Khalifehlu is the site of significant epithermal ore deposits including copper and gold. hydrothermal alteration, extensive breccia formation, and silicic veins are among the significant characteristics of the Khalifehlu deposit. The ores found at Khalifehlu include pyrite, chalcopyrite, bornite, covolite, chalcocite, hematite, and native gold.

Chalcopyrite
Chalcopyrite (/ˌkælkəˈpaɪˌraɪt, -koʊ-/ KAL-kə-PY-ryte, -⁠koh-) is a copper iron sulfide mineral and the most abundant copper ore mineral. It has the chemical formula CuFeS2 and crystallizes in the tetragonal system. It has a brassy to golden yellow color and a hardness of 3.5 to 4 on the Mohs scale. Its streak is diagnostic as green-tinged black.

On exposure to air, chalcopyrite tarnishes to a variety of oxides, hydroxides, and sulfates. Associated copper minerals include the sulfides bornite (Cu5FeS4), chalcocite (Cu2S), covellite (CuS), digenite (Cu9S5); carbonates such as malachite and azurite, and rarely oxides such as cuprite (Cu2O). It is rarely found in association with native copper. Chalcopyrite is a conductor of electricity.

Copper can be extracted from chalcopyrite ore using various methods. The two predominant methods are pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy, the former being the most commercially viable.
Passaron
Passaron (Greek: Πασσαρών) was an ancient Greek city of ancient Epirus. It was founded by the Molossian king Tharrhypas sometime between 420 and 400 BCE as the capital of the Molossian kingdom. As capital, the Molossian kings and the assembled people were accustomed to take mutual oaths, the one to govern according to the laws, the other to defend the kingdom. Later, in 330 BCE, it became the capital of the newfound united kingdom of Epirus until 295 BCE, when Pyrrhus of Epirus moved the capital to Amvrakia. The town was taken by the Roman praetor Lucius Anicius Gallus in 167 BCE.

Its site is located near the modern Rodotopi in the municipal unit of Pasaronas (Greek: Πασαρώνας) in the Ioannina regional unit, in Greece.

Tharrhypas
Tharrhypas (Greek: Θαρύπας or Θάρυψ) was a king of the Molossians and the great-great- grandfather of Alexander the Great. He was the father of Alcetas I, and is said to have been the first to introduce southern Greek (namely Attic) cultural traits among Molossians.

Thucydides mentions that Tharrhypas was a minor in 429 BC and that his guardian was Sabylinthus.

During his time, the Molossian tribe emerged from political obscurity and began to play an important role in the political scene of Epirus. Tharrhypas made substantial reforms (legislative, political, etc.), which formed the basis for the modernization of the Molossian state.