hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Powder-actuated tool
A powder-actuated tool (PAT, often generically called a Hilti gun or a Ramset gun after their manufacturing companies) is a type of nail gun used in construction and manufacturing to join materials to hard substrates such as steel and concrete. Known as direct fastening or explosive fastening, this technology is powered by a controlled explosion of a small chemical propellant charge, similar to the process that discharges a firearm.

Trademark distinctiveness
Trademark distinctiveness is an important concept in the law governing trademarks and service marks. A trademark may be eligible for registration, or registrable, if it performs the essential trademark function, and has distinctive character. Registrability can be understood as a continuum, with "inherently distinctive" marks at one end, "generic" and "descriptive" marks with no distinctive character at the other end, and "suggestive" and "arbitrary" marks lying between these two points. "Descriptive" marks must acquire distinctiveness through secondary meaning—consumers have come to recognize the mark as a source indicator—to be protectable. "Generic" terms are used to refer to the product or service itself and cannot be used as trademarks.
Sumdorong Chu standoff
In 1986–87, a military standoff took place between India and China in the Sumdorong Chu Valley bordering the Tawang district, Arunachal Pradesh and Cona County, Tibet. It was initiated by China moving a company of troops to Wangdung, a pasture to the south of Sumdorong Chu that India believed to be its territory. The Indian troops stood their ground on the neighbouring Longro La ridge and both the sides moved a large number of troops to the border. The crisis was diffused after the visit of Indian External Affairs minister to Beijing in May 1987. The standoff  gave rise to fears of escalation. Subsequently, India and China formulated agreements for managing future border tensions.

Tsona
Tsona City (Tibetan: མཚོ་སྣ་གྲོང་ཁྱེར།, Chinese: 错那市), formerly Tsona County, is a county-level city in Shannan Prefecture in the southeastern part of the Tibet region of China. Tsona means "The face of the [Nara Yumco] lake" in Tibetan. It lies immediately to the north of the McMahon Line agreed as the mutual border between British India and Tibet in 1914. China has not accepted the 1914 border delineation, but treats it as the Line of Actual Control (LAC); for this reason, China considers Tsona city to also contain part of the disputed territory of South Tibet/Arunachal Pradesh; under China's claimed border, Tsona city would include Itanagar, the state capital of Arunachal Pradesh. Tsona also borders Bhutan in the southwest.
Rockville Bridge (Rockville, Utah)
The Rockville Bridge spans the east fork of the Virgin River in Rockville, Utah, United States. The bridge was built for the National Park Service in 1924 to provide a link between Zion National Park and the North Rim area of Grand Canyon National Park. The new bridge allowed motorists to take a circular tour of the national parks in southern Utah and northern Arizona. The Rockville route was superseded in 1928 by the construction of the Zion-Mount Carmel Highway.

The bridge was designed by the U.S. Bureau of Public Roads for the Park Service, fabricated by the Minneapolis Steel and Machinery Company, and erected by Ogden contractor C. F. Dinsmore. The bridge spans 217 feet (66 m) in a single span, using a steel twelve-panel Parker through-truss.

The Rockville Bridge was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1995.

Virgin River
The Virgin River is a tributary of the Colorado River in the U.S. states of Utah, Nevada, and Arizona. The river is about 162 miles (261 km) long. It was designated Utah's first wild and scenic river in 2009, during the centennial celebration of Zion National Park.
Perfetti
Perfetti is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Augusto Perfetti, Italian billionaire businessman

Charles Perfetti, American psychologist

Chris Perfetti (born 1988), American actor

Cole Perfetti (born 2002), Canadian professional ice hockey player

Egidio Perfetti (born 1975), Norwegian racing driver

Flora Perfetti (born 1969), Italian tennis player

Giorgio Perfetti, Italian billionaire businessman

Flora Perfetti
Flora Perfetti (born 29 January 1969) is an Italian tennis player. On 21 April 1997 she reached her highest WTA singles ranking at No. 54 and 17 March of the same year reached her highest doubles ranking at No. 71.
Sierra County Sheriff's Gallows
The Sierra County Sheriff's Gallows, at Galloway Rd. and Courthouse Sq. in Downieville, California in Sierra County, California, was built in 1885.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.

Sierra County, California
Sierra County (/siˈɛrə/ ⓘ) is a county located in the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 census, the population was 3,236, making it California's second-least populous county. The county seat is Downieville; the sole incorporated city is Loyalton. The county is in the Sierra Nevada, northeast of Sacramento on the border with Nevada.
Jefferson Park, Denver
Jefferson Park is a neighborhood and public park that overlooks Downtown Denver, Colorado from its perch across Interstate 25 (I-25). It is located in the area that is called North Denver. Views east from Jefferson Park take in Elitch Gardens Theme Park, The Children's Museum, Denver's Downtown Aquarium, Pepsi Center, the REI flagship store and other attractions in Downtown's Central Platte Valley. Downtown Denver and the Central Platte Valley are quickly accessed from Jefferson Park, using the 23rd Avenue overpass on I-25 and Water Street. In addition, the Light Rail C-Line is located by Empower Field at Mile High in the southern part of the neighborhood.

Ball Arena
Ball Arena (formerly known as the Pepsi Center) is a multi-purpose indoor arena located in Denver, Colorado, United States. It is situated at Speer Boulevard, a main thoroughfare in downtown Denver, and is served by two nearby exits off Interstate 25. A light rail station is on the western side of the complex. Opened in 1999, it is the home arena of the Denver Nuggets of the National Basketball Association (NBA), the Colorado Avalanche of the National Hockey League (NHL), and the Colorado Mammoth of the National Lacrosse League (NLL).
Maureen Stolt
Maureen Stolt (born March 3, 1979) is an American curler from Plymouth, Minnesota.

Stolt competes with her husband, Peter Stolt, in mixed doubles competition. Together they have won the United States Mixed Doubles Curling Championship once, in 2013, and finished in second place three times. Their national championship in 2013 earned them the right to represent the US at the 2013 World Mixed Doubles Curling Championship, where they finished in fourth place in the Yellow Pool.

Doubles curling
Doubles curling (most commonly seen as mixed doubles) is a variation of the sport of curling with only two players on each team.  Mixed doubles is the most common format of doubles curling, where the term 'mixed' specifies that each team is composed of one man and one woman. The term mixed is also used to describe a specific format of 4-person team curling where the team consists of two men and two women and the throwing order alternates genders, see mixed team.

With its smaller teams and quicker games, doubles curling has provided an opportunity for more countries to participate in international competition. At the 2019 World Mixed Doubles Championship 48 of the 61 World Curling member countries were represented, including the first international curling competition for Kosovo, Ukraine, Nigeria, Saudi Arabia, and Mexico.
Raasamahan
Raasamahan (transl. Son of Raasa) is a 1994 Indian Tamil-language romantic drama film written and directed by Manivannan from a story by Seeman. The film stars Prashanth and Sivaranjani. It was released on 8 April 1994, and became a box office failure.

Seeman
Senthamizhan Seeman (/siːmɑːn/) (born 8 November 1966) is an Indian politician, actor and former filmmaker. He is the leader and chief-coordinator of the Naam Tamilar Katchi political party in Tamil Nadu. He is a strong advocate for regional autonomy and Tamil nationalism.

Seeman began his career as a filmmaker in the mid-1990s, working on films such as Panchalankurichi (1996) and Veeranadai (2000). The failure of his early films made it difficult for him to attract offers as a director and several of his proposed projects were stalled in the late 1990s. He later made a comeback through the successful vigilante film Thambi (2006), though the commercial failure of his next film, prompted Seeman to prioritise commitments as a supporting actor in the late 2000s.

In the early 2010s, Seeman founded the Naam Tamilar Katchi, a Tamil ultranationalist political party, and has since often been in the news for his controversial statements on Indian and Tamil social issues.
Sangenshoku
"Sangenshoku" (三原色; lit. "three primary colors") is a song by Japanese duo Yoasobi, from their second EP, The Book 2 (2021). It was released as a single on July 2, 2021, through Sony Music Entertainment Japan. The song featured as a background music for mobile service Ahamo advertisement. Based on Yūichirō Komikado's short story RGB, the song depicts relationships between childhood friends that are still connected even though they live in different places.

Commercially, the song debuted atop Oricon Digital Singles Chart with 57,000 download units, number three on the Combined Singles Chart, and number four on Billboard Japan Hot 100. The song also charted in the top 40 of Billboard Global 200 and the top 20 of Global Excl. U.S. The English version, titled "RGB", was released on July 16, 2021, and included on the duo's first English-language EP E-Side (2021).

Uniqlo
Uniqlo Co., Ltd. (株式会社ユニクロ, Kabushiki-gaisha Yunikuro) (US: /ˈjuːnikloʊ/ YOO-nee-kloh; Japanese pronunciation: [jɯnikɯɾo]) is a Japanese casual wear designer and retailer.
The company is a subsidiary of Fast Retailing Co., Ltd.
Kaytago-Tabasaranskiy okrug
The Kaytago-Tabasaranskiy okrug was a district (okrug) of the Dagestan Oblast of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire. The area of the Kaytago-Tabasaranskiy okrug is included in contemporary Dagestan of the Russian Federation. The district's administrative centre was Madzhalis.

Dagestan Oblast
The Dagestan Oblast was a province (oblast) of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire. It roughly corresponded to most of present-day southeastern Dagestan within the Russian Federation. The Dagestan oblast was created in 1860 out of the territories of the former Caucasian Imamate, bordering the Terek Oblast to the north, the Tiflis Governorate and Zakatal Okrug to the west, the Elizavetpol Governorate to the south, and Baku Governorate to the east. The administrative center of the oblast was Temir-Khan-Shura (present-day Buynaksk).
Vĩnh Linh district
Vĩnh Linh (listenⓘ) is a rural district of Quảng Trị province in the North Central Coast region of Vietnam. A coastal district, it is bordered to the east by the South China Sea, to the south by Gio Linh district, to the southwest by Hướng Hóa district, and to the north by Quảng Bình province (Lệ Thủy district).

Vĩnh Linh, Quảng Trị
Vĩnh Linh (pronounced [how˦˩ saː˨˩˦] hoe-saw) is a commune (xã) of Quảng Trị province, Vietnam.

On June 16, 2025, the Standing Committee of the National Assembly issued Resolution No. 1680/NQ-UBTVQH15 on the reorganization of commune-level administrative units in Quảng Trị Province in 2025. Accordingly, Hồ Xá Township, Vĩnh Long Commune, and Vĩnh Chấp Commune were merged to form a new commune named Vĩnh Linh Commune.
Private Citizens
Private Citizens is a 2016 debut novel by Tony Tulathimutte, published by William Morrow and Company. It follows four graduates from Stanford University—Cory, Henrik, Linda, and Will—as they struggle toward their personal fulfillment and professional goals in the San Francisco Bay Area in the 2000s. Critics have considered the book to be a Great American Novel or one of the first great millennial novels. In 2017, Tulathimutte won a Whiting Award in fiction for the book.

Karan Mahajan
Karan Mahajan (born April 24, 1984) is an Indian-American novelist, essayist, and critic. His second novel, The Association of Small Bombs, was a finalist for the 2016 National Book Award for Fiction. He has contributed writing to The Believer, The Daily Beast, the San Francisco Chronicle, Granta, and The New Yorker. In 2017, he was named one of Granta's Best Young American Novelists.
Battle of Oltenița
The Battle of Oltenița (or Oltenitza) was fought on 4 November 1853
and was the first engagement of the Crimean War. In this battle an Ottoman army under the command of Omar Pasha was defending its fortified positions from the Russian forces led by General Peter Dannenberg, until the Russians were ordered to withdraw. The Russian attack was called off just when they reached the Ottoman fortifications, and they retreated in good order, but suffered heavy losses. The Turks held their positions, but did not pursue the enemy, and later retreated to the other side of Danube.

Tutrakan
44°3′N 26°37′E﻿ / ﻿44.050°N 26.617°E﻿ / 44.050; 26.617

Tutrakan (Bulgarian: Тутракан [ˈtutrɐkan], Romanian: Тurtucaia, Turkish: Turtukaya) is a town in northeastern Bulgaria, an administrative centre of the homonymous municipality, part of Silistra Province. It is situated on the right bank of the Danube opposite the Romanian town of Oltenița (to which it was linked through a ferry but the ferry does not work anymore), in the very west of Southern Dobruja, 58 km east of Rousse and 62 km west of Silistra.
Pāvels Koļcovs
Pāvels Koļcovs (born 1 September 1982) is a Latvian football defender, currently playing for BFC Daugava in the Latvian First League.

He previously played for Dinaburg FC but after the club's relegation from Virsliga, he became an unrestricted free agent and joined FC Daugava.

In July 2010, he left Daugava, signing for FK Jaunība from Riga, after the season he was released. In April 2011, he joined Virsliga newcomers FC Jūrmala, but was released in July and joined BFC Daugava. Before the start of the 2012 season, Koļcovs moved to the Latvian First League newcomers Ilūkstes NSS. He played 21 matches for them, scoring 2 goals, helping his team clinch a promotion to the Latvian Higher League. He left the team after the 2012 season to join the Latvian First League club BFC Daugava.

Koļcovs had a brief spell with FC Metallurg-Kuzbass Novokuznetsk in the Russian First Division during the 2003 season.

FC Jūrmala
FC Jūrmala was a Latvian football club from Jūrmala, founded in 2008. They last played in the Latvian First League. The home ground was Sloka Stadium in Jūrmala with capacity of 5,000 people. Until 2015, FC Jūrmala was one of two teams representing the city in the top tier and using this stadium. The last manager of the team was Andrei Kanchelskis.
Nidorellia
Nidorellia armata, also known as the  chocolate chip star (leading to easy confusion with Protoreaster nodosus), is a species of starfish from warmer parts of the East Pacific, where it ranges from the Gulf of California to northwest Peru, including the Galápagos. It is the only species in the genus Nidorellia. N. armata can be found in tropical waters clinging on corals and rocky reefs; and are sometimes kept as pets in home marine aquariums.

Tropical marine climate
A tropical marine climate is a tropical climate that is primarily influenced by the ocean. It is usually experienced by islands and coastal areas 10° to 20° north and south of the equator. There are two main seasons in a tropical marine climate: the wet season and the dry season. The annual rainfall is 1000 to over 1500 mm (39 to 59 inches). The temperature ranges from 20 to 35 °C (68 to 95 °F). Under the Köppen climate classification, a "tropical marine climate" would fall under Af or Am, tropical rainforest or tropical monsoon climate. The trade winds blow all year round and are moist, as they pass over warm seas. These climatic conditions are found, for example, across the Caribbean, the eastern coasts of Brazil, Madagascar and Queensland; and many islands in tropical waters.
4L
4L or 4-L can refer to:

4L, another name for Renault 4

4L is the fourth and final year of a law student in Tanzania, Kenya and Uganda.

4L Trophy

Curtiss R-4L, model of Curtiss Model R

ORC4L

Proje 4L, see Proje4L / Elgiz Museum of Contemporary Art

British Rail Class 202 Diesel-electric multiple units (6L) when reduced to a four-carriage configuration.

4L (band), South Korean girl group

4L, 2021 mixtape by Yeat

4L, the production code for the 1976 Doctor Who serial The Seeds of Doom

Loyal Legion of Loggers and Lumbermen, an American company union founded in 1917

4L (film), 2019 Spanish film

Loyal Legion of Loggers and Lumbermen
The Loyal Legion of Loggers and Lumbermen (LLLL), commonly known as the "Four L" (4L), was a company union found in the United States during World War I in 1917 by the War Department as a counter to the Industrial Workers of the World.
Family Park Tycoon
Family Park Tycoon is a business simulation video game for the Nintendo DS developed by German studio VIS Games and Entertainment, a division of Visual Imagination Games and Software, and published by Astragon. Game play focuses on amusement park management.

Family Park Tycoon has been cancelled in the UK. There will be no UK-version of the game family park tycoon, but the German version includes English language.

Astragon
Astragon Entertainment GmbH is a German video game publisher based in Düsseldorf, Germany. Originally a subsidiary of the German video game distributor Astragon Sales & Services GmbH (formerly Rondomedia Marketing & Vertriebs GmbH), the company became known for being the original worldwide publisher of the Farming Simulator series and continues to publish it across the world.
74th Minnesota Legislature
The seventy-fourth Minnesota Legislature first convened on January 8, 1985. The 67 members of the Minnesota Senate were elected during the General Election of November 2, 1982, and the 134 members of the Minnesota House of Representatives were elected during the General Election of November 6, 1984.

Minnesota Legislature
The Minnesota Legislature is the bicameral legislature of the U.S. state of Minnesota, composed of a Senate and a House of Representatives. The legislature originally met at the old Territorial Capitol in Saint Paul and now convenes at the Minnesota State Capitol. The Senate consists of 67 seats, the House 134 seats and the legislators serve without term limits.

The legislature meets between January and the first Monday following the third Saturday in May each year, not to exceed 120 legislative days per biennium. Floor sessions are held in the Minnesota State Capitol in Saint Paul.

In the 94th Legislature (2025-2026) the Democratic-Farmer-Labor (DFL) Party controls the Senate with 34 of the 67 seats and the House evenly split between the DFL and Republicans, with both parties holding 67 of the 134 seats.
Melker Karlsson
Melker Karlsson (born 18 July 1990), nicknamed The Melkman, is a Swedish professional ice hockey winger who is currently playing for Skellefteå AIK of the Swedish Hockey League (SHL). He previously played for the San Jose Sharks of the National Hockey League (NHL). During Karlsson's first tenure with Skellefteå AIK, he was a two-time Le Mat Trophy champion, winning the Swedish Championship in 2013 and 2014.

Skellefteå AIK
Skellefteå AIK is a Swedish professional ice hockey club from Skellefteå. They currently play In the Swedish Hockey League. They play their home games in Skellefteå Kraft Arena, which seats 6,001 spectators. The team has won the Swedish Championship four times – in 1978, 2013, 2014 and 2024. They reached the SHL championship finals for six consecutive years between 2011–2016, tying Färjestad BK's streak between 2001 and 2006, winning two times.
Beechville-Lakeside-Timberlea Trail
The Beechville Lakeside Timberlea Trail (also known as the BLT Trail) is a multi-use recreational trail in Halifax, Nova Scotia that runs from Lewis Lake to Beechville. The trail is named for the towns through which it travels, namely Timberlea, Lakeside, and Beechville from west to east. The route is parallel to Trunk 3. The trail is part of the Rum Runners trail system, going from Halifax to Lunenburg, which is part of Nova Scotia's Blue Route cycling network.

Beechville, Nova Scotia
Beechville (pop. 2,100) is a Black Nova Scotian settlement and suburban community within the Halifax Regional Municipality of Nova Scotia, Canada, on St. Margaret's Bay Road (Trunk 3). The Beechville Lakeside Timberlea (BLT) trail starts here near Lovett Lake, following the old Halifax and Southwestern Railway line. Ridgecliff Middle School, located in Beechville Estates, serves the communities of Beechville, Lakeside, and Timberlea.
Rathakit Manathat
Rathakit Manathat (Thai: รัฐกิจ มานะทัต, born December 12, 1952) was appointed as justice of the Supreme Administrative Court of Thailand since 2016 and became President of the Chamber since October 2022. Prior to his current appointment, he was the Ambassador to the People's Republic of China and the Foreign Ministry Spokesperson.

Administrative Court of Thailand
The Administrative Court of Thailand (Thai: ศาลปกครอง) is a branch of the national judiciary, concerning grievances against state agencies or public officials. It was first established in 2001, in accordance with the 1997 constitution, along with the Office of the Ombudsman. The court is composed of two tiers: the administrative courts of first instance, and the Supreme Administrative Court.
Battle of Ronco
The Battle of Ronco took place during the Neapolitan War on 21 April 1815 in the village of Ronco, just south of Forlì. The main Neapolitan army, retreating following the disaster at the Battle of Occhiobello, was being pursued by an Austrian corps under the command of Adam Albert von Neipperg. The Neapolitans, commanded by their king, Joachim Murat, turned to check the Austrians at the Ronco River. The Neapolitans rear guard was defeated by a smaller advanced Austrian force, compelling Murat to retreat further south to the Savio River. The Austrians suffered light casualties, whereas nearly 1,000 Neapolitans were killed or wounded and more deserted Murat altogether.

Forlì
Forlì (/fɔːrˈliː/ for-LEE; Italian: [forˈli] ⓘ; Romagnol: Furlè [furˈlɛ]; Latin: Forum Livii) is a comune (municipality) and city in Emilia-Romagna, Northern Italy, and is, together with Cesena, the capital of the Province of Forlì-Cesena.

The city is situated along the Via Emilia, to the east of the Montone river, and is an important agricultural centre. The city hosts some of Italy's culturally and artistically significant landmarks; it is also notable as the birthplace of painters Melozzo da Forlì and Marco Palmezzano, humanist historian Flavio Biondo, physicians Geronimo Mercuriali and Giovanni Battista Morgagni. The University Campus of Forlì (part of the University of Bologna) is specialized in Economics, Engineering, Medicine, Political Sciences as well as the Advanced school of Modern Languages for Interpreters and Translators (SSLMIT).