hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mount Nekomadake
Mount Nekomadake (猫魔ヶ岳, Nekoma-dake, Nekoma-gadake) is a stratovolcano located west of Mount Bandai, close to Bandai town and Kitashiobara village in the Fukushima Prefecture, Japan. It is 1,403.6 metres high, and close to Lake Inawashiro and Oguni-numa Pond. Nekoma volcano is thought to be 0.8 - 1 million years old.

Lake Inawashiro
Lake Inawashiro (猪苗代湖, Inawashiro-ko) is the fourth-largest lake in Japan, located in central Fukushima Prefecture, south of Mount Bandai. It is also known as the 'Heavenly Mirror Lake' (天鏡湖, Tenkyōko). The lake is located within the borders of Bandai-Asahi National Park. It is a surface area of 104 square kilometres (40 sq mi), circumference of 63 kilometres (39 mi), depth of 94 metres (308 ft) and is located at an altitude of 514 metres (1,686 ft). In winter swans migrate to the beaches of the lake and stay there until spring.
West Virginia Route 869
West Virginia Route 869 is a short, one mile (1.6 km) state highway in Putnam County, West Virginia that connects U.S. Route 35 and West Virginia Route 62 via the Lower Buffalo Bridge (officially the Johnathon David Higginbotham Memorial Bridge) over the Kanawha River. The route itself is unsigned on the bridge. The road was commissioned in 1998 to provide an alternate route for the fragile Winfield Bridge for trucks hauling goods for the Toyota Plant in Buffalo.

Toyota Motor Manufacturing West Virginia
Toyota Motor Manufacturing West Virginia (TMMWV) is a Toyota Motor Corporation factory in Buffalo, West Virginia. It is a subsidiary of Toyota Motor North America, itself a subsidiary of Toyota Motor Corporation of Japan. It is estimated to date, the company has spent nearly US$1 billion to build the automobile engine and transmission plant. The plant solely builds engines and transmissions; no vehicles are produced at this facility.

In February 2021, Toyota Motor Corp announced it would invest $210 million to expand engine production in West Virginia and add 100 new jobs.

The Japanese automaker said it would boost capacity by 70,000 engines a year at the Buffalo, West Virginia plant, up from the nearly 1 million transmissions and engines it produces annually for vehicles assembled in North America.
Japan–U.S. Friendship Commission Prize for the Translation of Japanese Literature
The Japan–U.S. Friendship Commission Prize for the Translation of Japanese Literature was established in 1979 and is administered by the Donald Keene Center of Japanese Culture at Columbia University. It is the oldest prize for Japanese literary translation in the United States.

Works entered into competition are judged on the literary merit of the translation and the accuracy with which it reflects the spirit of the Japanese original.

The Keene Center annually awards $6,000 (USD) in Japan–U.S. Friendship Commission Prizes for the Translation of Japanese Literature. A prize is given for the best translation of a modern work or a classical work, or the prize is divided between equally distinguished translations.

Japanese literature
Japanese literature throughout most of its history has been influenced by cultural contact with neighboring Asian literatures, most notably China and its literature. Early texts were often written in pure Classical Chinese or lit. 'Chinese writing' (漢文, kanbun), a Chinese-Japanese creole language. Indian literature also had an influence through the spread of Buddhism in Japan.

During the Heian period, Japan's original kokufū culture (lit. 'national culture') developed and literature also established its own style, with the significant usage and development of kana (仮名) to write Japanese literature.

Following the end of the sakoku policy and especially during the increasing westernization of the Meiji era, Western literature has also had an influence on the development of modern Japanese writers, while Japanese literature has in turn become more recognized internationally, leading to two Japanese Nobel laureates in literature, namely Yasunari Kawabata and Kenzaburō Ōe.
Skitača
Skitača (Italian: Schitazza) is a small hamlet in west Croatia, in the eastern coast of Istria County, and is one of many settlements scattered in the County. These small settlements started to form in the 13-14th century continuing into the 19th century when Napoleon occupied the area. Even later when the Austria-Hungary got this region. During the early centuries most of the people came from the eastern parts of Europe as workers imported by rich landowners. Later, some came as refugees from territories taken by the Tatars and Turkish. Some of people which took refuge were Croats, Montenegrins, Serbs, Romanians, Bosnians, Albanians, Greeks, and other Eastern Europeans.

Istro-Romanian language
The Istro-Romanian language (vlåški, žejånski) is an Eastern Romance language, spoken in a few villages and hamlets in the peninsula of Istria in Croatia, as well as in the diaspora of this people. It is sometimes abbreviated to IR.

While its speakers call themselves Rumeri, Rumeni, they are also known as Vlachs, Rumunski, Ćići and Ćiribiri. The last one, used by ethnic Croats, originated as a disparaging nickname for the language, rather than its speakers.

Due to the fact that its speakers are estimated to be fewer than 500, it is listed among languages that are "severely endangered" in the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger.

It is also considered by some Romanian scholars to be an idiosyncratic offshoot dialect of Romanian.
Dan Zaneski
Dan Zaneski (September 21, 1945 – October 14, 2015) was an American football coach. He served as the head football coach at Plymouth State University in Plymouth, Massachusetts from 1978 to 1979 and Maryville College in Maryville, Tennessee in 1980, compiling a career college football coaching record of 11–18.

Plymouth State University
Plymouth State University (abbrevriated PSU), formerly Plymouth State College, is a public university in Plymouth, New Hampshire, United States. As of fall 2020, Plymouth State University enrolls 4,491 students (3,739 undergraduate students and 752 graduate students). The school was founded as Plymouth Normal School in 1871. Since that time, it has evolved to a teachers college, a state college, and finally to a state university in 2003. PSU is part of the University System of New Hampshire.
Mikaela Uthas
Mikaela Uthas  (born 7 June 1992) is a Swedish football defender who currently plays for Hovås Billdal IF in the Elitettan. She has previously played for Djurgårdens IF and at the Damallsvenskan for Jitex BK.

Elitettan
Elitettan (Swedish: [ɛlɪˈtɛtːan], lit. 'The Elite First') is the second highest division of Swedish women's football. Contested by 14 clubs, it operates on a system of promotion and relegation with Damallsvenskan and Division 1. Seasons run from April to October, with teams playing 26 matches each in the season. The league was created in 2013.
William Pymme
William Pymme (fl. mid 14th-century) was a landowner in Edmonton, now in London, a member of the Pymme family who had been granted land by Edward II in the 14th century.

In 1327, Pymme built the original Pymmes House on the north side of Watery Lane in Edmonton, now known as Silver Street. The house was subsequently occupied by a number of notable individuals including Thomas Wilson (1524–1581) who was Secretary of State to Queen Elizabeth I, William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley (1520–1598), and Robert Cecil, 1st Earl of Salisbury (c. 1563–1612). It was significantly remodelled more than once but demolished after a fire in 1940. The house was sited in what is now Pymmes Park. The Pymmes Brook, named after the family, runs through the park.

In 1362 Pymme entered into certain transactions relating to land with Adam Fraunceys.

Thomas Wilson (rhetorician)
Thomas Wilson (1524–1581), Esquire, LL.D., was an English diplomat and judge who served as a privy councillor and Secretary of State (1577–81) to Queen Elizabeth I. He is remembered especially for his Logique (1551) and The Arte of Rhetorique (1553), which have been called "the first complete works on logic and rhetoric in English".

He also wrote A Discourse upon Usury by way of Dialogue and Orations (1572), and he was the first to publish a translation of Demosthenes into English.
Nocturne (Chagall)
Nocturne is an oil on canvas painting by Marc Chagall, created in 1947. It depicts a nocturne scene on a city, in the magical realism style of the artist, with some animals visible. Its a farewell painting dedicated to his late wife Bella Rosenfeld. It is one of three works by the artist now in the Pushkin Museum, in Moscow.

Pushkin Museum
The Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts (Russian: Государственный музей изобразительных искусств имени А. С. Пушкина, romanized: Gosudarstvennyy muzey izobrazitel'nykh iskusstv imeni A. S. Pushkina, abbreviated as Russian: ГМИИ, GMII) is the largest museum of European art in Moscow. It is located in Volkhonka street, just opposite the Cathedral of Christ the Saviour. The International musical festival Sviatoslav Richter's December Nights has been held in the Pushkin Museum since 1981.
No Shame (Sarah De Bono song)
"No Shame" is the debut single by Australian recording artist Sarah De Bono, taken from her debut studio album No Shame. It was released digitally on 29 June 2012, as the album's lead single. The song was written by Nicole Morier, Magnus Lidehall, Vincent Pontare and Seinabo Sey and produced by Stuart Crichton and Eric J Dubowsky. "No Shame" debuted and peaked at number 50 ARIA Singles Chart.

Vincent Pontare
Fred Vincent Pontare (born 13 May 1980) is a Swedish songwriter, producer, and singer. He is also known by the mononym Vincent. He regularly collaborates with Salem Al Fakir as songwriting, producer, and duo Vargas & Lagola. Together, they have worked with many pre-eminent artists, including: Avicii, Axwell Ʌ Ingrosso, Madonna, Seinabo Sey and Lady Gaga. 
In addition to their songwriting and production work, they release alternative pop music as Vargas & Lagola.

In August 2017, they were featured artists on Avicii's "Friend of Mine" from EP Avīci (01) which they co-wrote.
Gaze
The gaze (French: le regard), in the figurative sense, is an individual's (or a group's) awareness and perception of other individuals, other groups, or oneself. Since the 20th century, the concept and the social applications of the gaze have been expanded by phenomenologist, existentialist, and post-structuralist philosophers. Jean-Paul Sartre described the gaze (or the look) in Being and Nothingness (1943). Michel Foucault, in Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison (1975), developed the concept of the gaze to illustrate the dynamics of socio-political power relations and the social dynamics of society's mechanisms of discipline. Jacques Derrida, in The Animal That Therefore I Am (More to Come) (1997), elaborated upon the inter-species relations that exist among human beings and other animals, which are established by way of the gaze.

The Animal That Therefore I Am
The Animal That Therefore I Am (French: L'Animal que donc je suis) is a book based on the ten-hour address on the subject of "the autobiographical animal" given by the French philosopher Jacques Derrida at the 1997 Cerisy Conference and subsequently published as a long essay under the title, "The Animal That Therefore I Am (More To Follow)". The book has gained notability as signalling Derrida's turn to questions surrounding the ontology of nonhuman animals, the ethics of animal slaughter and the difference between humans and other animals. Derrida's lecture has come to be a foundational text in animal studies within the fields of literary criticism and critical theory. Whilst the text is often seen as marking the "animal turn" in Derrida's oeuvre, Derrida himself said that his interest in animals was in fact present in his earliest writings.
Pierre Smith
Pierre Smith (born 1 September 1990) is a Bermudian cricketer. He was part of Bermuda's squad for the 2008 Under-19 Cricket World Cup. In November 2019, he was named in Bermuda's squad for the Cricket World Cup Challenge League B tournament in Oman. He made his List A debut, against Jersey, on 11 December 2019.

2008 Under-19 Cricket World Cup
The 2008 ICC Under-19 Cricket World Cup was held in Malaysia from 17 February 2008 to 2 March 2008. It was the seventh edition of the Under-19 Cricket World Cup. The opening ceremony took place on 15 February 2008. The final was played between South Africa and India, with the latter winning the rain-affected match by 12 runs on the Duckworth–Lewis method.
Santiago Jocotepec
Santiago Jocotepec is a municipality in Oaxaca in south-western Mexico.
It is part of the Choapam District of the Papaloapan Region.

The municipality was established on 15 March 1825. As of 2005, the municipality had a total population of 12,423, of whom 7,173 spoke indigenous languages.
The main towns are Monte Negro (population 1,876), Santiago Jocotepec, Rio Chiquito and San Antonio Las Palmas. 
The municipality covers an area of 732.32 km2, and is on average 100 meters above sea level. 
The principal river is the Monte Negro.

Municipal president Pedro Escárcega died in 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico.

Papaloapan Region
The Cuenca del Papaloapan Region is in the north of the southeastern Mexican state of Oaxaca, where the foothills of the Sierra Madre de Oaxaca meet the coastal plain of Veracruz.
The principal city is San Juan Bautista Tuxtepec, the second largest in the state of Oaxaca.
Aortic cross-clamp
An aortic cross-clamp is a surgical instrument used in cardiac surgery to clamp the aorta and separate the systemic circulation from the outflow of the heart.

An aortic cross-clamping procedure serves, for example, in the repairing of coarctation of the aorta. In newborns, the treatment of choice for this condition is resection and primary anastomosis. The clamping of the aorta excludes the systemic circulation, by definition, thus causing an ischemia. When a long cross-clamping period (longer than 25 min) or a drop in distal aortic pressure below 50–60 mmHg is anticipated, the use of an intraoperative shunt may prevent complications such as paraplegia. A prolonged cross-clamp time is associated with worse cardiac outcomes after surgery.

Cardiac surgery
Cardiac surgery, or cardiovascular surgery, is a  surgery on the heart or great vessels performed by cardiac surgeons. It is often used to treat complications of ischemic heart disease (for example, with coronary artery bypass grafting); to correct congenital heart disease; or to treat valvular heart disease from various causes, including endocarditis, rheumatic heart disease, and atherosclerosis. It also includes heart transplantation.
1924 Wimbledon Championships – Men's doubles
Leslie Godfree and Randolph Lycett were the defending champions, but lost in the semifinals to Watson Washburn and R. Norris Williams.

Frank Hunter and Vincent Richards and defeated Washburn and Williams in the final, 6–3, 3–6, 8–10, 8–6, 6–3 to win the gentlemen's doubles tennis title at the 1924 Wimbledon Championships.

R. Norris Williams
Richard "Dick" Norris Williams II (January 29, 1891 – June 2, 1968), generally known as R. Norris Williams, was an American tennis player and passenger aboard RMS Titanic. He survived the sinking of the Titanic. He won the U.S. National Tennis Championships in men's singles in 1914 and 1916. He was ranked the U.S. No. 1 player for 1916 by the USLTA, and world No. 2 for 1914.
Santa Cruz do Sul University Private Natural Heritage Reserve
The Private Reserve of Natural Heritage (RPPN) of University of Santa Cruz do Sul (Unisc) is a protected area created in 2009, through Ordinance nº 16, of March 18, having an area of 221,39 hectares, being nowadays one of the largest protected area of this category (RPPN) in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. This preservation area is within the Atlantic Forest Biome and the predominant vegetation is the seasonal deciduous forest.

Ecotone
An ecotone is a transitional area between two plant communities, where these meet and integrate. Examples include areas between grassland and forest, estuary and lagoon, and freshwater and sea water. An ecotone may be narrow or wide, and it may be local (the zone between a field and forest) or regional (the transition between forest and grassland ecosystems). An ecotone may appear on the ground as a gradual blending of the two communities across a broad area, or it may manifest itself as a sharp boundary line.
20 Ceti
20 Ceti is a single star located around 590 light years away in the equatorial constellation of Cetus. It is faintly visible to the naked eye with apparent magnitude is 4.76. The Bright Star Catalogue has this star classified as M0III, matching an aging red giant star that has consumed the hydrogen at its core and expanded. Houk and Swift (1999) listed an earlier class of K5 III. It has around 66 times the Sun's radius and is radiating about 750 times the Sun's luminosity from its enlarged photosphere at an effective temperature of 4,065 K.

Stellar core
A stellar core is the extremely hot, dense region at the center of a star. For an ordinary main sequence star, the core region is the volume where the temperature and pressure conditions allow for energy production through thermonuclear fusion of hydrogen into helium. This energy in turn counterbalances the mass of the star pressing inward; a process that self-maintains the conditions in thermal and hydrostatic equilibrium. The minimum temperature required for stellar hydrogen fusion exceeds 107 K (10 MK), while the density at the core of the Sun is over 100 g/cm3. The core is surrounded by the stellar envelope, which transports energy from the core to the stellar atmosphere where it is radiated away into space.
Nicole Hummel
Nicole Hummel (born August 1, 1974) is an American former professional tennis player.

Hummel, who grew up in San Marino, California, was the 14 and Under Orange Bowl champion in 1988, then in 1989 won the USTA Girls 16 and Under Championships. In junior grand slam events she was a two-time singles semi-finalist, at the 1991 French Open and 1992 US Open.

Briefly playing on the professional tour after high school, Hummel made her main draw debut as a wild card at Indian Wells in 1992. She made further made draw appearances at the 1992 Lipton International Players Championships in Key Biscayne and the 1993 Amelia Island Championships, both as a qualifier. On three occasions she featured in the qualifying draw for the US Open, with her best performance coming in 1992 when she made it to the third qualifying round, with wins over future world number 11 Silvia Farina and Japan's Nana Miyagi.

1992 US Open (tennis)
The 1992 US Open was a tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at the USTA National Tennis Center in New York City in New York in the United States. It was the 112th edition of the US Open and was held from August 31 to September 13, 1992.
Growlanser
Growlanser (Japanese: グローランサー, Hepburn: Gurōransā) is a series of tactical role-playing games with installments on the PlayStation, PlayStation 2, and PlayStation Portable. The franchise has been developed by Career Soft, and is owned by Atlus and Sega. The series is set in a world that is being taken over by an ancient evil. It is a spiritual successor to Career Soft's earlier Langrisser series. Working Designs published Growlanser II and III in North America together in a package called Growlanser Generations that had additional features. Growlanser V: Generations was published in North America by Atlus USA and Europe by Rising Star Games under the name Growlanser: Heritage of War. The PSP version of Growlanser IV: Wayfarer of Time was also published in North America by Atlus. All titles feature character art by Satoshi Urushihara.

Working Designs
Working Designs was an American video game publisher that specialized in the localization of Japanese role-playing video games, strategy video games and top-down shooters for various platforms. Though the company had published many cult hits, it was known best to fans as the long-time exclusive North American publisher of the Lunar series. The company was one of the few game publishers that attempted to bridge the cultural gap between the Japanese and American video game industries during the 1990s with an eclectic selection of releases from various genres, and was also one of the earliest American publishers to make use of the CD-ROM format for full, spoken English dialogue in their titles at a time when voice acting was not a common feature in most mainstream games.

On December 12, 2005, Victor Ireland, President of Working Designs, announced via the company's message board that it was closing its doors. He later started a new company called Gaijinworks in 2006.
REI
Recreational Equipment, Inc., doing business as REI, is an American retail and outdoor recreation services corporation. It was formerly governed, and continues to brand itself, as a consumers' co-operative. REI sells camping gear, hiking, climbing, cycling, water, running, fitness, snow, travel equipment, and men, women and kids clothing. Unlike other outdoor sports stores, it does not sell hunting or fishing equipment.

REI operates 181 retail stores in 41 states. It also receives orders via mail-order catalogs and the internet.

Climbing
Climbing is the activity of using one's hands, feet, or other parts of the body to ascend a steep topographical object that can range from the world's tallest mountains (e.g. the eight thousanders) to small boulders. Climbing is done for locomotion, sporting recreation, for competition, and is also done in trades that rely on ascension, such as construction and military operations. Climbing is done indoors and outdoors, on natural surfaces (e.g. rock climbing and ice climbing), and on artificial surfaces (e.g. climbing walls and climbing gyms).
Doğan Yurdakul
Doğan Yurdakul (1946 – September 3, 2017 in Datça) is a Turkish journalist and writer. He has contributed to newspapers including Vatan, Aydınlık, Evrensel, Siyah-Beyaz, and Günaydın as well as the television news programme 32. Gün. His books include biographies of Turkish intelligence agent Hiram Abas and of Abdullah Çatlı (Reis), both written with Soner Yalçın.

Yurdakul is charged in the Odatv case of the Ergenekon trials; he was the news co-ordinator of odatv. He was arrested in March 2011 and released on health grounds in February 2012. Both of the trials later were dismissed on grounds of judicial irregularities while confirming the evidence presented to be falsified.

Vatan (2002 newspaper)
Vatan ("Homeland" or "Motherland") is a Turkish daily newspaper founded in 2002 by the Doğan Media Group. The paper was purchased by DK (Demirören-Karacan partnership) in April 2011 and totally acquired by Demirören Holding a few months later.

As of March 2011, Vatan had the 15th highest circulation in Turkey at 111,489. However on 1 November 2018 it ceased publication.
Volkswagen Group D platform
The Volkswagen Group D platform is a series of automobile platforms from the German concern Volkswagen Group.  It has been used for large luxury automobiles.  Originally used by the Audi marque, it is also latterly used by the Volkswagen Passenger Cars, and Bentley marques.

Car platform
A car platform is a shared set of common design, engineering, and production efforts, as well as major components, over a number of outwardly distinct models and even types of cars, often from different, but somewhat related, marques. It is practiced in the automotive industry to reduce the costs associated with the development of products by basing those products on a smaller number of platforms. This further allows companies to create distinct models from a design perspective on similar underpinnings. A car platform is not to be confused with a platform chassis, although such a chassis can be part of an automobile's design platform, as noted below.