hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gladys Dickason
Gladys Marie Dickason (1903–1971) was an American labor economist. She was a research director with the Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America. She earned degrees from the University of Oklahoma and Columbia University. She fought for minimum-wage standards in the 1938 Fair Labor Standards Act and campaigned against Cluett Peabody & Company.

Labour economics
Labour economics is the subfield of economics concerned with the study of labour as an input to economic production. Broadly, it surveys labor markets and the economic decisions of agents participating in such markets. Topics of study include the labour supply of workers and how it is affected by variables such as age, education, gender and childbearing, as well as the labour demand by firms searching for different forms of labour as an input in the production of goods and services. In addition, labour economics studies, amongst others, phenomena such as schooling, human capital, inequality, unemployment, trade unions, discrimination, technological change, and public policies related to labour markets, such as unemployment benefits, pensions and health care.
Quisqualamine
Quisqualamine is the α-decarboxylated analogue of the glutamate receptor agonist and neurotoxin quisqualic acid and an analogue of the neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA).

α-Decarboxylation of excitatory amino acids can produce derivatives with inhibitory effects. Relatedly, unlike quisqualic acid, quisqualamine has central depressant and neuroprotective effects, and appears to act predominantly as an agonist of the GABAA receptor and to a lesser extent as an agonist of the glycine receptor. Its actions are inhibited by GABAA receptor antagonists like bicuculline and picrotoxin and by the glycine receptor antagonist strychnine in vitro.

The NMDA receptor antagonists magnesium and DL-AP5, the AMPA and kainate receptor antagonist CNQX, and the GABAB receptor antagonist 2-hydroxysaclofen all do not affect quisqualamine's actions in vitro. As such, the drug does not appear to interact with the ionotropic glutamate receptors or GABAB receptor.

Picrotoxin
Picrotoxin, also known as cocculin, is a poisonous crystalline plant compound. It was first isolated by the French pharmacist and chemist Pierre François Guillaume Boullay (1777–1869) in 1812. The name "picrotoxin" is a combination of the Greek words "picros" (bitter) and "toxicon" (poison). A mixture of two different compounds, picrotoxin occurs naturally in the fruit of the Anamirta cocculus plant, although it can also be synthesized chemically.

Due to its interactions with the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA, picrotoxin acts as a stimulant and convulsant. It mainly impacts the central nervous system, causing seizures and respiratory paralysis in high enough doses.
Ptychadena perplicata
Ptychadena perplicata is a species of frog in the family Ptychadenidae.
It is found in Angola, Zambia, and possibly Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Its natural habitats are moist savanna and intermittent freshwater marshes.

Ptychadenidae
Ptychadenidae is a family of frogs commonly known as the grassland frogs. These frogs occur in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Ptychadenidae was previously considered to be a tribe or subfamily in the family Ranidae, but its position as a separate family is now well established.
George Karstens
George Jacob Karstens Jr. (February 9, 1924 – December 5, 2002) was an American professional football player who was a center for one season in the National Football League (NFL) for the Detroit Lions. He played college football for the Indiana Hoosiers.

Karstens was born on February 9, 1924, in Chicago, Illinois. He attended Austin Community Academy High School there before playing college football at Indiana University Bloomington. He was the Hoosiers' starting center in most of his time with the team, earning three varsity letters.

After graduating, Karstens was signed by the Detroit Lions as an undrafted free agent following the 1949 NFL draft. He appeared in two games before being waived on October 12.

After his brief professional football career, Karstens was a long-time teacher and school principal in the Lyons and Stickney school districts. He also was a football coach and referee. He died on December 5, 2002, at the age of 78.

Varsity letter
A varsity letter (or monogram) is an award earned in the United States for excellence in school activities. A varsity letter signifies that its recipient was a qualified varsity team member, awarded after a certain standard was met. A person who receives a varsity letter is known as a letterman.
2021 CPL–U Sports Draft
The 2021 CPL–U Sports Draft was the third annual CPL–U Sports Draft. Eight Canadian Premier League (CPL) teams selected 16 eligible U Sports athletes in total when the draft was held on January 29, 2021.

U Sports
U Sports (stylized as U SPORTS) is the national sport governing body for universities in Canada, comprising the majority of degree-granting universities in the country and four regional conferences: Ontario University Athletics (OUA), Réseau du sport étudiant du Québec (RSEQ), Canada West (CW), and Atlantic University Sport (AUS). The equivalent body for organized sports at colleges in Canada is the Canadian Collegiate Athletic Association (CCAA). Some institutions are members of both bodies for different sports.
Operation Archway
Operation Archway was the codename for one of the largest and most diverse operations carried out by the Special Air Service during the Second World War.

Archway was initially intended to support Operation Plunder and Operation Varsity, the crossings of the River Rhine at Rees, Wesel, and south of the Lippe River by the British Second Army, under Lieutenant-General Sir Miles Dempsey. It went on to support the three British Armoured Divisions in their advance into Germany until the end of the war.

The Archway force was under command of Lieutenant Colonel Brian Franks and comprised two squadrons, one each from the 1st and 2nd Special Air Service.

Rees, Germany
Rees (German pronunciation: [ʁeːs] ⓘ) is a town in the district of Kleve in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is located on the right bank of the Rhine, approximately 20 km east of Kleve. The population in 2005 was 22,559. Founded in 1228, Rees is the oldest town in the lower Rhine area.
Shola Carletti
Shola Mara Carletti (born in Pesaro; fl. 21st century) is an Italian painter, sculptor and former graphic designer, best known for her abstract and modern art inspired by spirituality in India, and alternative spirituality, particularly that of Osho in Pune. A graduate of the Istituto Superiore per le Industrie Artistiche in Urbino, her works have been exhibited at the Jehangir Art Gallery in 2016. She owns an art studio in Koregaon Park, Pune, India. She also works with Art Galleries and collaborates with architect/interior designers in the UAE and India.

Urbino
Urbino (UK: /ɜːrˈbiːnoʊ/ ur-BEE-noh, Italian: [urˈbiːno] ⓘ; Romagnol: Urbìn) is a comune (municipality) in the Italian region of Marche, southwest of Pesaro, a World Heritage Site notable for a remarkable historical legacy of independent Renaissance culture, especially under the patronage of Federico da Montefeltro, duke of Urbino from 1444 to 1482.

The town, nestled on a high sloping hillside, retains much of its picturesque medieval aspect. It hosts the University of Urbino, founded in 1506, and is the seat of the Archbishop of Urbino. Its best-known architectural piece is the Palazzo Ducale, rebuilt by Luciano Laurana.
TRESOR
TRESOR (recursive acronym for "TRESOR Runs Encryption Securely Outside RAM", and also the German word for a safe) is a Linux kernel patch which provides encryption using only the CPU to defend against cold boot attacks on computer systems by performing encryption inside CPU registers rather than random-access memory (RAM). It is one of two proposed solutions for general-purpose computers. The other, called "frozen cache" uses the CPU cache instead. It was developed from its predecessor AESSE, presented at EuroSec 2010 and presented at USENIX Security 2011. The authors state that it allows RAM to be treated as untrusted from a security viewpoint without hindering the system.

Safe
A safe (also called a strongbox or coffer) is a secure lockable enclosure used for securing valuable objects against theft or fire. A safe is usually a hollow cuboid or cylinder, with one face being removable or hinged to form a door. The body and door may be cast from metal (such as steel) or formed out of plastic through blow molding. Bank teller safes typically are secured to the counter, have a slit opening for dropping valuables into the safe without opening it, and a time-delay combination lock to foil thieves. One significant distinction between types of safes is whether the safe is secured to a wall or structure or if it can be moved around.
Phil Hower
Philip Robert Hower (January 26, 1942 – April 19, 2014) was an American football coach and educator. He served as the head football coach at Southwestern College in Winfield, Kansas from 1977 to 1980, compiling a record of 22–14.

Southwestern College (Kansas)
Southwestern College is a private Methodist college in Winfield, Kansas. It was founded in 1885 as Southwest Kansas Conference College and graduated its first class of three in June 1889. The name of the school was changed to its current form in 1909.
My Wife and I (film)
My Wife and I is a 1925 American drama film directed by Millard Webb and written by Julien Josephson and Millard Webb. It is based on the 1871 novel My Wife and I by Harriet Beecher Stowe. The film stars Irene Rich, Huntley Gordon, John Harron, John Roche, Constance Bennett, and Tom Ricketts. The film was released by Warner Bros. on May 16, 1925.

Constance Bennett
Constance Campbell Bennett (October 22, 1904 – July 24, 1965) was an American stage, film, radio, and television actress and producer. She was a major Hollywood star during the 1920s and 1930s; during the early 1930s, she was the highest-paid actress in Hollywood. Bennett frequently played society women, focusing on melodramas in the early 1930s and then taking more comedic roles in the late 1930s and 1940s. She is best remembered for her leading roles in What Price Hollywood? (1932), Bed of Roses (1933), Topper (1937), Topper Takes a Trip (1938), and had a prominent supporting role in Greta Garbo's last film, Two-Faced Woman (1941).

She was the daughter of stage and silent film star Richard Bennett, and the elder sister of actress Joan Bennett.
Katarina Stensson
Esther Katarina Stensson (born 21 August 1988 in Örebro) is a Swedish politician and leader of the Swedish Pirate Party with a term from 2019–2021 Stensson took a masters exam in engineering physics at KTH Royal Institute of Technology in 2014 and a degree in licentiate in physics in 2018. Stensson is the Vice-President of the company "Checheza AB", a company focused on online classes. In 2020 she took the teacher's exam to work as a teacher in physics and mathematics.

Engineering physics
Engineering physics (EP) is the field of study combining pure science disciplines (such as physics, mathematics, chemistry) and engineering disciplines (computer, nuclear, electrical, aerospace, medical, materials, mechanical, etc.).

In many languages, the term technical physics is also used.
It has been used since 1861, after being introduced by the German physics teacher J. Frick in his publications.
Arthur Mayer
Arthur L. Mayer (March 28, 1886 – April 14, 1981) was an American film producer and film distributor who worked with Joseph Burstyn in distributing films directed by Roberto Rossellini and other famous European film directors. Some films were distributed under the name Burstyn-Mayer Inc. Mayer was also interviewed by Warren Beatty for Beatty's film Reds (1981).

In 1949, Mayer went into business to distribute French films in the U.S. with Edward Kingsley, who later founded Kingsley-International Pictures.

Mayer was co-producer of the French documentary film La Vie Commence Demain (Life Begins Tomorrow, 1950), directed by Nicole Védrès and featuring Pablo Picasso and Jean-Paul Sartre, as well as the feature film High Hell (1958). He was married to Lillie Mayer (born July 29, 1889).

Mayer and his wife Lillie were featured in the film Arthur and Lillie which was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Documentary Short.

Roberto Rossellini
Roberto Gastone Zeffiro Rossellini (8 May 1906 – 3 June 1977) was an Italian film director, screenwriter and producer. He was one of the most prominent directors of the Italian neorealist cinema, contributing to the movement with films such as Rome, Open City (1945), Paisan (1946), and Germany, Year Zero (1948). He is also known for his films starring his then wife Ingrid Bergman, Stromboli (1950), Europe '51 (1952), Journey to Italy (1954), Fear (1954) and Joan of Arc at the Stake (1954).
SS Vega (1872)
SS Vega was a Swedish barque, built in Bremerhaven, Germany in 1872. The Vega was the first ship to complete a voyage through the Northeast Passage, and the first vessel to circumnavigate the Eurasian continent, during the Vega expedition. Initially a troubled enterprise, the successful expedition is considered to be among the highest achievements in the history of Swedish science.

Bremerhaven
Bremerhaven (German pronunciation: [ˌbʁeːmɐˈhaːfn̩] ⓘ; Low German: Bremerhoben) is a city on the east bank of the Weser estuary in northern Germany. It forms an exclave of the city-state of Bremen. The River Geeste flows through the city before emptying into the Weser.

Bremerhaven was founded in 1827 as a seaport for Bremen, and it remains one of the busiest ports in the country. It was historically rivalled by Geestemünde [de] on the opposite side of the Geeste, which belonged to Hanover (and later Prussia). Geestemünde united with neighbouring Lehe [de] to form the city of Wesermünde [de] in 1924, and Bremerhaven was itself annexed to Wesermünde in 1939, but the entire conurbation was restored to Bremen in 1947.
Rafiullah Khan
Syed Rafiullah Khan (Bengali: সৈয়দ রফিউল্লাহ খান, romanized: Soiyod Rofiullah Khan, Persian: سید رفیع الله خان, romanized: Syed Rafīʻ Ullāh Khān), was a Faujdar of Mughal Bengal's Sylhet Sarkar.  He was the successor of Inayetullah Khan. Rafiullah Khan's office was held in AD 1693 according to Syed Murtaza Ali, although it is unknown the duration his office was. His office took place during the reign of Emperor Aurangzeb and governorship of Subahdar Ibrahim Khan II. Rafiullah granted some land to Vaisakha Vaishnavi in Atuajan Pargana and also to Sonaram Vaishnav, whose heir was Darpanarayan Vaishnav, in Sik Sonaita Pargana. He was succeeded by Faujdar Ahmad Majid.

Ibrahim Khan II
Ibrahim Khan II (Persian:  ابراهیم خان ای)(reigned: 1689–1697; died 1701) was the Subahdar of Bengal during the reign of emperor Aurangzeb.
His only child was a son Named Wazir Ibrahim Khan (1654–1713) and was diwan of Emperor Jahandar Shah. He was killed at the orders of Farrukhsiyar.
Foothill yellow-legged frog
The foothill yellow-legged frog (Rana boylii) is a small-sized (3.72–8.2 cm or 1.46–3.23 in) frog from the genus Rana in the family Ranidae. This species was historically found in the Coast Ranges from northern Oregon, through California, and into Baja California, Mexico as well as in the foothills of the Sierra Nevada and southern Cascade Range in California. The foothill yellow-legged frog is a Federal Species of Concern and California State Endangered.  A federal rule to list four out of six extant distinct population segments (DPS) under the Endangered Species Act was proposed in December 2021.

Distinct population segment
A distinct population segment (DPS) is the smallest division of a taxonomic species permitted to be protected under the U.S. Endangered Species Act.  Species, as defined in the Act for listing purposes, is a taxonomic species or subspecies of plant or animal, or in the case of vertebrate species, a distinct population segment.
Greater London Council elections
The Greater London Council was elected every three years from 1964 and every four years from 1973.

1964 Greater London Council election

1967 Greater London Council election

1970 Greater London Council election

1973 Greater London Council election (three year term extended to four)

1977 Greater London Council election

1981 Greater London Council election (four year term extended to five)

Greater London Council
The Greater London Council (GLC) was the top-tier local government administrative body for Greater London from 1965 to 1986. It replaced the earlier London County Council (LCC) which had covered a much smaller area. The GLC was dissolved in 1986 by the Local Government Act 1985 and its powers were devolved to the London boroughs and other entities. A new administrative body, known as the Greater London Authority (GLA), was established in 2000.
Lancaster, Virginia
Lancaster is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Lancaster County, Virginia, United States. It is the county seat, and is also known as Lancaster Courthouse or by an alternative spelling, Lancaster Court House. The community was first drawn as a CDP prior to the 2020 census and had a population of 105 at the said census.

Lancaster lies along Virginia State Route 3, 23 miles (37 km) southeast of Warsaw and 7 miles (11 km) northwest of Kilmarnock, the largest community in Lancaster County.

Belle Isle and the Lancaster Court House Historic District are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Kilmarnock, Virginia
Kilmarnock is a town in Lancaster and Northumberland counties in the U.S. Commonwealth of Virginia. The population was 1,445 at the 2020 census. It is located near the mouth of the Rappahannock River and is located within the Northern Neck George Washington Birthplace American Viticultural Area winemaking appellation. There is a small hospital in the town. Lancaster Middle School, grades 4–8, is also located in town. Approximately 500 students attend the school.
Debbie Kilroy
Debbie Kilroy OAM (born 1961), née Deborah Harding, is an Australian human rights activist and prison reformer. She is known for having founded  Sisters Inside, an independent community organisation based in Queensland, Australia, that advocates for the human rights of women and girls in the criminal legal system. She is a qualified lawyer, who in 2007 was the first person with serious convictions to be allowed to practise law by the Supreme Court of Queensland.

Prison reform
Prison reform is the attempt to improve conditions inside prisons, improve the effectiveness of a penal system, reduce recidivism or implement alternatives to incarceration. It also focuses on ensuring the reinstatement of those whose lives are impacted by crimes.

In modern times, the idea of making living spaces safe and clean has extended from the civilian population to include prisons, based on ethical grounds. It is recognized that unsafe and unsanitary prisons violate constitutional prohibitions against cruel and unusual punishment. In recent times prison reform ideas include greater access to legal counsel and family, conjugal visits, proactive security against violence, and implementing house arrest with assistive technology.
Dangiuz
Leopoldo D'Angelo (born 11 July 1995 in Turin, Italy), better known by the pseudonym "Dangiuz" (pronounced [ˈdandʒuts]) is an Italian contemporary visual artist, digital artist and art director specializing in sci-fi themes. His work has been featured in art networks, books, TV channels and magazines such as RAI, Arte, Wallpaper*,  NVIDIA Studio Standouts, Juxtapoz Magazine, Sohu, Pixiv and Digital Production, and showcased in various museums and galleries worldwide. He also took part in the creation of Rui Hachimura's Cherry Blossom kimono design and Maserati's MC20 concept art.

Wallpaper (magazine)
Wallpaper, stylised Wallpaper*, is a British monthly publication focusing on design and architecture, fashion, travel, art, and lifestyle. Founded in London in 1996, the magazine is currently owned by Future plc following its acquisition of TI Media.
2015 Brisbane International – Men's singles
Lleyton Hewitt was the defending champion, but lost to compatriot Sam Groth in the first round.

Roger Federer won the title, defeating Milos Raonic in the final, 6–4, 6–7(2–7), 6–4, and in the process recorded his 1,000th match victory on the professional tour.

Sam Groth
Samuel Groth (born 19 October 1987) is an Australian politician and professional tennis player. He was elected to the Victorian Legislative Assembly for the seat of Nepean in 2022 representing the Victorian Liberal Party until his retirement from Parliament in February 2026, causing a by-election.

His highest ATP singles ranking was World No. 53, which he reached in August 2015. His career high in doubles was World No. 24, reached in February 2015. Groth's best singles result was a semi-final appearance at the 2014 Hall of Fame Tennis Championships.

He holds the record for the world's fastest serve at 263 km/h (163.4 mph), which he hit in 2012 at the ATP Challenger in Busan.

Prior to his political career, he worked for the Nine Network's tennis broadcasts, and as a host on Postcards.
Balho
Balho (Arabic: بالهو) is a town located in the Tadjourah region of Djibouti. It is situated on the RN-11 highway. It is situated about 32 kilometres (20 miles) west of Dorra and 6 km (4 mi) east of the Ethiopian border.

National Highway 11 (Djibouti)
The RN-11 National Highway is a national highway in Djibouti. It has a length of 120 kilometres (75 mi) across the region of Tadjourah and is the most important road link in the country. It runs from Tadjoura on the Gulf of Tadjoura through the mountains to the Ethiopian border on the west.

The road is mentioned in the 2009 IMF report where restoring the road was one of priorities. According to the document, the action was about'upgrading to modern dirt road standard of the Randa - Dorra segment of National Highway 11, linking the Route de l’Unité to Ethiopia through the north-eastern zones of the country, and the Randa-Day segments serving one of the country's key tourist areas. The sections in question are 51 km and 15 km long, respectively. The components of the project are as follows: technical, economic and environmental studies,  earthworks  surveillance and oversight of works execution'.
Tech Squares
Tech Squares is a square and round dance club at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. It was founded in 1967 and is still holding dances today. Tech Squares dances high-energy modern Western squares in an "all position" style, with no dress code or couples requirement. It has many student members. The club dances the Plus program, but many members also dance advanced and challenge levels.

Round dance
Modern social round dance, or round dancing, is a choreographed and cued ballroom dance that progresses in a circular counter-clockwise pattern around the dance floor. The two major categories of ballroom dances found in round dancing are the smooth and international ballroom styles (such as foxtrot and waltz) and the Latin dances (such as cha-cha-chá, salsa, and rhumba). It is not to be confused with circle dancing, which is a type of folk dance in which dancers are connected in a circular chain.