hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Castle of Verrazzano
The Castle of Verrazzano (Italian: Castello di Verrazzano) is located about a mile from the center of Greve in Chianti in Tuscany, Italy, and sits on a mountain spur above the River Greve.

The castle dates back to an Etruscan, and then Roman, settlement. The Verrazzano family held the castle for centuries and the navigator Giovanni da Verrazzano is said to have been born there in 1485.

The last Verrazzano died in 1819, and the property passed through various wealthy Florentine families before coming to the Cappellini family in 1958.

A monument in New York City at the Verrazzano–Narrows Bridge, which was named after Giovanni, includes three stones that were carved from the ancient wall of the castle.

Giovanni da Verrazzano
Giovanni da Verrazzano (/ˌvɛrəˈzɑːnoʊ, -ətˈsɑː-/ VERR-ə-ZAH-noh, -⁠ət-SAH-, Italian: [dʒoˈvanni da (v)verratˈtsaːno]; often misspelled Verrazano in English; 1491–1528) was an Italian explorer from the Republic of Florence, best known for his expedition to North America. He led most of his later missions, including the one to America, in the service of King Francis I of France.

He is renowned as the first European to ever explore the Atlantic coast of North America between Florida and New Brunswick in 1524, including New York Bay and Narragansett Bay.
Haaken Severin Mathiesen
Haaken Severin Mathiesen (3 October 1926 – 12 September 1997) was a Norwegian landowner and businessperson in the forestry sector.

He was a son of landowner Jørgen Arthur Mathiesen, and as such a grandson of Haaken L. Mathiesen and great-grandson of Haaken C. Mathiesen and Anders Ferrand Kiær.

In 1946 he became a co-owner in the family company Mathiesen Eidsvold Værk. He was appointed as manager of the company in 1953. From 1963 to 1969 he was the sole owner of the company, but he passed it on to his sons Haaken Eric Mathiesen and Willem Frederik Mathiesen.

He was decorated as a Knight, First Class of the Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav and a Knight of the Order of the Falcon. He was also an honorary member of Foreningen Norden and the sports club Eidsvold Værks SK.

Foreningen Norden
Foreningen Norden (Norwegian and Danish), Föreningen Norden (Swedish), Norræna félagið (Icelandic), Norrøna Felagið (Faroese), Peqatigiiffik Nunat Avannarliit (Greenlandic) and Pohjola-Norden (Finnish), The Norden Associations, sometimes referred to as The Nordic Associations  are non-governmental organisations in the Nordic countries promoting civil cooperation between the Nordic countries. Established since 1919, there are Norden Associations in Sweden, Norway, Denmark (including Southern Schleswig), Finland, Iceland, Greenland, the Faroe Islands and Åland. Since 1965 these national branches are grouped in an umbrella organisation Foreningene Nordens Forbund (FNF), The Confederation of Norden Associations. The co-operation between the Nordic countries include projects such as Nordjobb, Nordic Library Week and Norden at the Cinema.
Danillo
Danillo is a given name. People with the name include:

Danillo Villefort (born 1983), Brazilian professional mixed martial artist

Danillo Sena, American politician in the Massachusetts House of Representatives

Danillo Bala (born 1993), Brazilian footballer

Danillo Ribeiro (born 1993), Brazilian footballer

Danillo Villefort
Danillo Villefort (born August 5, 1983) is a Brazilian professional mixed martial artist. Villefort has fought for the UFC, WEC, IFL, World Series of Fighting, and Professional Fighters League fighting in their Middleweight division.
Waikohu
Waikohu is a small settlement in the northeast of New Zealand's North Island. It is located close to the confluence of the Wharekopae and Waikohu Rivers on State Highway 2 to the west of Te Karaka, inland from Gisborne.

38°24′S 177°47′E﻿ / ﻿38.400°S 177.783°E﻿ / -38.400; 177.783

State Highway 2 (New Zealand)
State Highway 2 (SH 2) runs north–south through eastern parts of the North Island of New Zealand from the outskirts of Auckland to Wellington. It runs through Tauranga, Gisborne, Napier, Hastings and Masterton. It is the second-longest highway in the North Island, after State Highway 1, which runs the length of both of the country's main islands.

For most of its length it consists of a two-lane single carriageway, with frequent passing lanes. There are sections of four-lane dual-carriageway expressway at Maramarua, Tauranga and Wellington.
Studstrup Power Station
The Studstrup Power Station (Danish: Studstrupværket) is a thermal power station at Studstrup, Aarhus Municipality, in Denmark. It is owned and operated by the Ørsted company and has an electrical generation capacity of 700 MWe. The chimney is 189.89 metres (623.0 ft) tall. The power station use cleaned wastewater as coolant, and the residual heat is used for district heating; directed via pipes into Aarhus. The power station went in to service in 1968 as a coal-fuelled power station, but has been expanded and refitted a number of times since its inception. In 2016, one of two boilers was converted to biomass-fuelled, using wood chips and straw primarily.

Biomass
Biomass is material produced by the growth of microorganisms, plants or animals. Beyond this general definition, there are differences in how the term is used and applied depending on industry or subject-matter norms. For example, it may be more narrowly defined as just plant matter, or as a combination of plant and animal matter.
Sichuan Longfor F.C.
Sichuan Annapurna Football Club was a professional football club that participated in the China League One under licence from the Chinese Football Association (CFA). The team was based in Dujiangyan City, Chengdu, Sichuan and their home stadium was the Dujiangyan Phoenix Stadium that has a seating capacity of 12,700. Their majority shareholders were Sichuan Jinmu Mining Co., Ltd 64.9%, Huang Xuejun 27% and Sichuan Xindongxin Automobile Service Co., Ltd with 5.1% of the shares of the club.

Dujiangyan Phoenix Stadium
The Dujiangyan Phoenix Stadium (Chinese: 都江堰凤凰体育场) is a multi-purpose stadium in Dujiangyan City, Sichuan, China. It is currently used mostly for association football matches. The stadium holds 12,700 people. The venue broke ground in February 2008 with original name Dujiangyan Sports Centre Stadium. It opened in May 2010 with a new name "Phoenix", which was in memory of the city rebirth from 2008 Sichuan earthquake.
Leo-Film
Leo-Film was a film production company based in Warsaw, Poland, operating in the 1920s and 1930s. It was one of the most significant film studios among approximately 150 active in the Second Polish Republic during the interwar period.

Aleksander Ford
Aleksander Ford (born Mosze Lifszyc; 24 November 1908 in Kiev, Russian Empire – 4 April 1980 in Naples, Florida, U.S.) was a Polish film director and head of the Polish People's Army Film Crew in the Soviet Union during World War II. Following the war, he was appointed director of the Film Polski company.

In 1948 he was appointed a professor of the National Film School in Łódź (Państwowa Wyższa Szkoła Filmowa). Roman Polanski and Polish film director Andrzej Wajda were among his students. Amid an anti-Semitic purge in the communist party in Poland, Ford was stopped from preparing a film on the life of a Jewish educator. Shortly afterwards he emigrated to Israel in 1968 and from there to the United States, going through Germany and Denmark. He took his own life in 1980 in Naples, Florida.
Red Iron Nights
Red Iron Nights is a fantasy novel by American writer Glen Cook, the sixth novel in his ongoing Garrett P.I. series.  The series combines elements of mystery and fantasy as it follows the adventures of private investigator Garrett.

Private investigator
A private investigator (often abbreviated to PI; also known as a private detective, an inquiry agent or informally a private eye) is a person who can be hired by individuals or groups to undertake investigatory law services. Private investigators often work for attorneys to problem solve in civil and criminal cases.
Metrosideros carminea
Metrosideros carminea (Carmine rātā, Crimson rātā or in Māori akakura) is a forest liane or vine that is endemic to New Zealand. It occurs in coastal and lowland forest from Te Paki in the north of the North Island south to Māhia Peninsula and Taranaki. It is one of a number of New Zealand Metrosideros species which live out their lives as vines, unlike the northern rātā (M.robusta), which generally begins as a hemi-epiphyte and grows into a huge tree.

Māhia Peninsula
Māhia Peninsula (Māori: Te Māhia) is located on the east coast of New Zealand's North Island, in the Hawke's Bay region, between the towns of Wairoa and Gisborne.

It includes Rocket Lab's Launch Complex 1, located near Ahuriri Point at the southern tip of the Māhia Peninsula, for launching its Electron rockets.

Since 2018, it has been used as a commercial launcher of small satellites in the range of 135–235 kg, and miniature satellites called CubeSats. New Zealand's first orbital space launch took place from Launch Complex 1 on 21 January 2018.
The Hallowed Hunt
The Hallowed Hunt is a fantasy novel by American writer Lois McMaster Bujold, published in 2005. It placed fourth in the annual Locus Poll for best fantasy novel, and the series it is a part of, World of the Five Gods, won the Hugo Award for Best Series in 2018.

Locus Award
The Locus Awards are an annual set of literary awards voted on by readers of the science fiction and fantasy magazine Locus, a monthly magazine based in Oakland, California. The awards are presented at an annual banquet.

Originally a poll of Locus subscribers only, voting is now open to anyone, but the votes of subscribers count twice as much as the votes of non-subscribers. The award was inaugurated in 1971, and was originally intended to provide suggestions and recommendations for the Hugo Awards. They have come to be considered a prestigious prize in science fiction, fantasy and horror literature. The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction regards the Locus Awards as sharing the stature of the Hugo and Nebula Awards.

Gardner Dozois holds the record for the most wins (43), while Neil Gaiman has won the most awards for works of fiction (18). Robert Silverberg has received the  highest number of nominations (158).
Summary of Decameron tales
This article contains summaries and commentaries of the 100 stories within Giovanni Boccaccio's The Decameron.

Each story of the Decameron begins with a short heading explaining the plot of the story. The 1903 J. M. Rigg translation headings are used in many of these summaries. Commentary on the tale itself follows.

Before beginning the story-telling sessions, the ten young Florentines, seven women and three men, referred to as the Brigata, gather at the Basilica di Santa Maria Novella and together decide to escape the Black Death by leaving the city to stay in a villa in the countryside. Each agrees to tell one story each day for ten days. The stories are told in the garden of the first villa that the company stays at, which is located a few miles outside the city.

Barlaam and Josaphat
Barlaam and Josaphat, also known as Bilawhar and Budhasaf, are Christian saints. Their story tells of the conversion of Josaphat to Christianity. According to tradition, an Indian king persecuted the Christian Church in his realm. After astrologers predicted that his own son would some day become a Christian, the king imprisoned the young prince Josaphat, who nevertheless met the hermit Saint Barlaam and converted to Christianity. After much tribulation the young prince's father accepted the Christian faith, turned over his throne to Josaphat, and retired to the desert to become a hermit. Josaphat himself later abdicated and went into seclusion with his old teacher Barlaam. The story is thought to be a Christianized and later version of the story of Siddhartha Gautama, who became the Buddha.
Gilmer, West Virginia
Gilmer is an unincorporated community in Gilmer County, West Virginia, United States. Gilmer is located along West Virginia Route 5 and the Little Kanawha River, 3 miles (4.8 km) southeast of Sand Fork. Gilmer had a post office, which opened on November 28, 1905, and closed on November 2, 2002.

Little Kanawha River
The Little Kanawha River is a tributary of the Ohio River, 169 mi (269 km) long, in western West Virginia in the United States.  Via the Ohio, it is part of the watershed of the Mississippi River, draining an area of 2,320 mi2 (6,009 km2) on the unglaciated portion of the Allegheny Plateau.  It served as an important commercial water route in the early history of West Virginia, particularly in the logging and petroleum industries.
Hawassa University
Hawassa University (HU) (Amharic: ሀዋሳ ዩኒቨርሲቲ) is a residential national university in Hawassa, Sidama Region, Ethiopia. It is approximately 278 kilometres (173 mi) south of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The Ministry of Science and Higher Education admits qualified students to Hawassa University based on their score on the Ethiopian Higher Education Entrance Examination (EHEEE).

National university
A national university is mainly a university created or managed by a government, but which may also at the same time operate autonomously without direct control by the state. In the United States, the term "national university" connotes the highest institutional level in education, differing in meaning from a "federally-chartered university." Globally, some national universities are associated with national cultural or political aspirations.
For example, the National University of Ireland during the early days of Irish independence collected a large amount of information about the Irish language and Irish culture. In Argentina, the national universities are the result of the 1918 Argentine university reform and subsequent reforms, which were intended to provide a secular university system without direct clerical or government influence by bestowing self-government on the institutions.
Hellmouth (film)
Hellmouth is a 2014 Canadian horror film that was directed by John Geddes, based on a script written by Tony Burgess. The film had its world premiere on 17 October 2014 at the Toronto After Dark Film Festival and stars Stephen McHattie as a grave-keeper that finds himself traveling to hell to save the soul of a beautiful woman. Funding for Hellmouth was partially raised through an Indiegogo campaign.

Indiegogo
Indiegogo (/ˌɪndiˈɡoʊɡoʊ/) is an American crowdfunding website founded in 2008 by Danae Ringelmann, Slava Rubin, and Eric Schell. Its headquarters are in San Francisco, California. Indegogo is one of the first sites to offer crowd funding. Users can solicit funds for an idea, charity, or start-up business. It charges a 5% fee on contributions  in addition to Stripe credit card processing charges of 2,9% + $0.30 per transaction. Fifteen million people visit the site each month.

The site runs on a rewards-based system, meaning donors, investors, or customers who are willing to help to fund a project or product can donate and receive a gift, rather than an equity stake in the company. Following changes in Security and Exchange Commission rules earlier in 2016, Indiegogo has partnered with MicroVentures to offer equity-based campaigns beginning in November 2016, allowing unaccredited investors to participate with equity stakes.
Venus Optics Laowa 105mm f/2 Smooth Trans Focus
The Venus Optics Laowa 105mm F2 Smooth Trans Focus lens is a smooth trans focus full-frame prime lens for Canon EF, Nikon AI, Sony A, Sony E, and Pentax K mounts, announced by Venus Optics in September 2016. It is marketed as the "Bokeh Dreamer" lens.

Though designed for full frame, the lens can be used on APS-C camera bodies, with an equivalent full-frame field-of-view of approximately 136.5mm - 157.5mm. Canon EF-Mount versions are optionally equipped with a focus confirmation chip.

Sony E-mount
The E-mount is a lens mount designed by Sony for their NEX ("New E-mount eXperience") and ILCE series of camcorders and mirrorless cameras. The E-mount supplements Sony's α mount, allowing the company to develop more compact imaging devices while maintaining vignetting with 35mm sensors. E-mount achieves this by:

Minimising mechanical complexity, removing mechanical aperture and focus drive.

Shortening the flange focal distance to 18 mm compared with earlier offerings from Sony which used 44.5 mm.

Reducing the radius of the flange.

Relying on software to correct vignetting

The short flange focal distance prohibits the use of an optical viewfinder, as a mirror box mechanism cannot be included in this reduced distance. Therefore, all E-mount cameras use an electronic viewfinder.
Return Torrey
Return Delos Torrey (March 24, 1835 – November 2, 1893) was an American miller from Oshkosh, Wisconsin, who spent one two-year term (1877–1878) as a member of the Wisconsin State Senate from the 19th District (Winnebago County).

Torrey was born in Madison, Ohio. He moved to Fall River, Wisconsin, in 1850, then to Neenah, Wisconsin, in 1861. In 1871, Torrey moved to Oshkosh, Wisconsin. He served as county treasurer of Winnebago County, Wisconsin, from 1871 to 1878. He died November 2, 1893, in Chicago, Illinois. He had lived in that city for about ten years, and had become active in its local politics.

Miller
A miller is a person who operates a mill, a machine to grind a grain (for example corn or wheat) to make flour. Milling is among the oldest of human occupations. "Miller", "Milne" and other variants are common surnames, as are their equivalents in other languages around the world ("Melnyk" in Russian, Belarusian & Ukrainian, "Meunier" in French, "Müller" or "Mueller" in German, "Mulder" and "Molenaar" in Dutch, "Molnár" in Hungarian, "Molinero" and "Molina" in Spanish, "Molinaro" or "Molinari" in Italian, "Mlinar" in South Slavic languages etc.). Milling existed in hunter-gatherer communities, and later millers were important to the development of agriculture.

The materials ground by millers are often foodstuffs and particularly grain.  The physical grinding of the food allows for the easier digestion of its nutrients and saves wear on the teeth. Non-food substances needed in a fine, powdered form, such as building materials, may be processed by a miller.
Weed of cultivation
A weed of cultivation is any plant that is well-adapted to environments in which land is cultivated for growing some other plant.

Many such weeds are quite specialised and can only thrive and reproduce where the ground has been broken by plough or spade. They are invariably annual and reproduction is by seed alone, which can in many species lie dormant for years in the soil until brought to the surface during cultivation. They have fast reproduction cycles, usually in one year from seed to seed, though some species can have more than one generation in one season. A few species such as groundsel (Senecio vulgaris), shepherd's purse (Capsella bursa-pastoris), red deadnettle (Lamium purpureum) and chickweed (Stellaria media) can survive unharmed through very cold weather and are often able to seed even in winter.

Lamium purpureum
Lamium purpureum (from Latin purpureus 'purple'), known as red dead-nettle, purple dead-nettle, or purple archangel, is an annual herbaceous flowering plant in the mint family (Lamiaceae). It is native to Eurasia but can also be found in North America.
Coastal Recreation
Coastal Recreation, Inc was an American boat builder based in Costa Mesa, California. The company specialized in the design and manufacture of fiberglass sailboats designed by well-known naval architects, including Lyle C. Hess, Peter Barrett and W. Shad Turner.

The company was founded in 1968 and remained in business until 1981. The American east coast sailboat builder, RK Industries, was a subsidiary company.

Costa Mesa, California
Costa Mesa (/ˌkoʊstə ˈmeɪsə/ KOH-stə MAY-sə; Spanish for 'Mesa Coast') is a city in Orange County, California, United States. Since its incorporation in 1953, the city has grown from a semi-rural farming community of 16,840 to an urban area including part of the South Coast Plaza–John Wayne Airport edge city, one of the region's largest commercial clusters, with an economy based on retail, commerce, and light manufacturing. The population was 111,918 at the 2020 census.
Quaderer
Quaderer is a German-language surname. It was first mentioned in 1397. 68 people in Liechtenstein had the surname Quaderer in 1990. Notable people with the surname include:

Johann Baptist Quaderer (1810–1875), Liechtenstein politician

Rupert Quaderer (journalist) (1891–1975), Liechtenstein politician and journalist

Alfred Quaderer (1920–1944), Liechtenstein collaborator with Nazi Germany executed by Switzerland

Rupert Quaderer (born 1942), Liechtenstein historian

Harry Quaderer (born 1959), Liechtenstein politician

Alexander Quaderer (born 1971), Liechtenstein footballer

Sascha Quaderer (born 1974), Liechtenstein politician

Johann Baptist Quaderer
Johann Baptist Quaderer (31 October 1810 – 17 May 1875) was a politician from Liechtenstein who served in the Landtag of Liechtenstein from 1862 to 1872. He was also the first mayor of Schaan, serving from 1864 to 1870.

In the 1866 Liechtenstein general election Quaderer was elected as a deputy member of the Landtag, but succeeded Josef Bargetze as a full member the same year. He was the landlord of an inn and from 1840 worked as a part-time brewer.

He married Anna Maria Näscher (25 May 1824 – 22 February 1854) on 13 June 1842 and they had three children together. He then went on to marry Maria Anna Stadelmann (12 May 1829 – 9 September 1858) on 23 November 1857. Finally, he married Katharina Falk (13 October 1827 – 28 May 1891) on 13 February 1860 and they had another two children together. His son from his first marriage, Rudolf Quaderer, also served in the Landtag.
Thomas Bowen (Independent minister)
Thomas Bowen (1756–1827) was a Welsh Independent minister. He began work as a farm worker at an early age, but also attended lessons given by John Griffiths (1731–1811) of Glandŵr, which enabled him in 1777 to join Abergavenny Academy. His call to move to Maes-yr-Onnen in 1781 livened up the local church considerably. He then began extending his influence, preaching and establishing new churches in the Llansantffraid area.  After moving to Maes-yr-Haf chapel, Neath, in 1795 he also established new churches in Melin-Cwrt and Aberavon.

He died 27 February 1827.

Neath
Neath (/niːθ/; Welsh: Castell-nedd) is a market town and community situated in the Neath Port Talbot County Borough, Wales. The town had a population of 50,658 in 2011. The community of the parish of Neath had a population of 19,258 in 2011. Historically in Glamorgan, the town is located on the River Neath, seven miles (eleven kilometres) east-northeast of Swansea.
Abdul Wahab Juned
Abdul Wahab bin Juned (born 2 May 1949) is a politician and civil servant from Brunei who served as the country's Deputy Minister at the Prime Minister's Office (PMO) from 2010 to 2015. Additionally, he is a member of the Core Group of the Brunei Darussalam Economic Council (BDEC) and serves on committees focused on economic policy facilitation, infrastructure, finance, and the promotion of trade and services.

Prime Minister's Office (Brunei)
The Prime Minister's Office (PMO; Malay: Jabatan Perdana Menteri, JPM) is the leading and largest cabinet-level ministry in the government of Brunei. It serves as the immediate office of the country's prime minister, as well as oversees several key government departments. It was established immediately upon Brunei's independence on 1 January 1984, with Hassanal Bolkiah, the current Sultan of Brunei, being the first and only prime minister to date. The leadership also consists of a Senior Minister (Menteri Kanan), introduced in 2005 and has since been held by the Crown Prince Al-Muhtadee Billah, a Special Advisor (Penasihat Khas) to His Majesty, as well as in-house ministers and deputy ministers.

The ministry is located in Bandar Seri Begawan with two headquarters, one located at Istana Nurul Iman and another at a building at Jalan Perdana Menteri.