hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Palestinian war crimes
Palestinian war crimes are the violations of international criminal law, including war crimes and crimes against humanity, which Palestinian militants, primarily the Islamist Nationalist organization Hamas and its paramilitary wing, the al-Qassam Brigades, have committed or been accused of committing. These have included murder, intentional targeting of civilians, killing prisoners of war and surrendered combatants, indiscriminate attacks, the use of human shields, rape, torture and pillage.

Civilian casualty
A civilian casualty occurs when a civilian is killed or injured by non-civilians, mostly law enforcement officers, military personnel, rebel group forces, or terrorists. Under the law of war, it refers to civilians who perish or suffer wounds as a result of wartime acts. The term is generally applied to situations in which violence is committed in pursuit of political or military goals. During periods of armed conflict, there are structures, actors, and processes at a number of levels that affect the likelihood of violence against civilians.

The term is also sometimes used in non-military situations; for example, during police operations against criminals such as bank robbers, hostage-takers or mass shooters, deaths/injuries by members of the public who are neither police nor the criminals may be referred to as civilian casualties.
Battle of Galați
The Battle of Galați was a military engagement between the formerly allied Romanian and Russian troops at the end of World War I, as the former sought to prevent the latter from retreating from the armistice line along with their equipment.

Fălticeni
Fălticeni (Romanian pronunciation: [fəltiˈt͡ʃenʲ]; German: Foltischeni; Hungarian: Falticsén; Hebrew: פלטיצ'ן Yiddish: פאלטישאן, romanized: Foltshen) is a town in Suceava County, northeastern Romania. It is situated in the historical region of Western Moldavia. According to the 2021 census, Fălticeni is the third largest urban settlement in the county. It was declared a municipality in 1995, along with two other cities in Suceava County: Rădăuți and Câmpulung Moldovenesc.

Fălticeni covers an area of 28.76 km2 (11.10 sq mi), of which 25% are orchards and lakes, and it administers two villages: Șoldănești and Țarna Mare. It was the capital of former Baia County (1929–1950). The town is known for the high number of Romanian writers, artists, and scientists who were born, lived, studied, or have created here.
Erik Christensen (American football)
Erik Robert Christensen Jr. (October 31, 1931 – March 18, 2022) was an American professional football defensive end who played professionally for the National Football League (NFL) for the Washington Redskins.  He played college football at the University of Richmond and was selected in the seventh round of the 1955 NFL draft.

Christensen played high school football at Woodbridge High School in Woodbridge Township, New Jersey, before transferring to Fork Union Military Academy.

Christensen died on March 18, 2022, at the age of 90.

Woodbridge Township, New Jersey
Woodbridge Township is a township in northern Middlesex County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The township is a regional hub of transportation and commerce for central New Jersey and a major bedroom suburb of New York City, within the New York metropolitan area. Located within the core of the Raritan Valley region, Woodbridge Township hosts the junction of the New Jersey Turnpike and the Garden State Parkway, the two busiest highways in the state, and also serves as the headquarters for the New Jersey Turnpike Authority, which operates both highways.

As of the 2020 United States census, the township was the state's seventh-most-populous municipality, with a population of 103,639, its highest decennial count ever and an increase of 4,054 (+4.1%) from the 99,585 recorded at the  2010 census, which in turn reflected an increase of 2,382 (+2.5%) from the 97,203 counted in the 2000 census. Woodbridge was the state's sixth-largest by population in 2000 and 2010.
Avison Scott
Reverend Avison Terry Scott (18 July 1848 – 18 June 1925) was an English first-class cricketer active from 1867 to 1871, and who played for Cambridge Town Club (aka Cambridgeshire) and Cambridge University. He was born in Cambridge and died in Marylebone aged 76y and 335 days. He later became an Anglican priest.

Cambridge Town Club
Cambridge Town Club (CTC) was an English cricket club established in Cambridge before 1817. Among notable players who represented CTC were Tom Hayward Sr, Robert Carpenter, Alfred Diver, and George Tarrant. It co-existed with Cambridge University Cricket Club, an entirely separate entity, and the two teams played each other on numerous occasions.
Prototheca wickerhamii
Prototheca wickerhamii is a ubiquitous green alga that does not have chlorophyll. It is widely present in the environment but is a cause of a rare opportunistic infection in humans and livestock known as protothecosis.

Sabouraud agar
Sabouraud agar or Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) is a type of agar growth medium containing peptones. It is used to cultivate dermatophytes and other types of fungi, and can also grow filamentous bacteria such as Nocardia. It has utility for research and clinical care.

It was created by, and is named after, Raymond Sabouraud in 1892. In 1977 the formulation was adjusted by Chester W. Emmons when the pH level was brought closer to the neutral range and the dextrose concentration lowered to support the growth of other microorganisms. The acidic pH (5.6) of traditional Sabouraud agar inhibits bacterial growth. Peptones are complex digests and can be a source of variability in Sabouraud agar.
Tigran Balayan
Tigran Balayan (Armenian: Տիգրան Բալայան; born October 29, 1977, in Yerevan, Armenian SSR) is an Armenian diplomat and historian. He served as the ambassador of Armenia to the Kingdom of the Netherlands and Permanent Representative of the Republic of Armenia to the OPCW. As of September 2023, Balayan serves as the head of the Mission of Armenia to the European Union and the ambassador of Armenia to Belgium.

Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons
The Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) is an intergovernmental organisation and the implementing body for the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC), which entered into force on 29 April 1997. The OPCW, with its 193 member states, has its seat in The Hague, Netherlands; it oversees the global endeavour for the permanent and verifiable elimination of chemical weapons.

The organisation promotes and verifies the adherence to the Chemical Weapons Convention, which prohibits the use of chemical weapons and requires their destruction. Verification consists both of evaluation of declarations by member states and onsite inspections.

The organisation was awarded the 2013 Nobel Peace Prize "for its extensive efforts to eliminate chemical weapons". Nobel Committee chairman Thorbjørn Jagland said, "The conventions and the work of the OPCW have defined the use of chemical weapons as a taboo under international law".
Petrucelli
Petrucelli is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Chris Petrucelli (born 1962), American soccer manager

John Petrucelli (born 1992), American-Italian basketballer

Michael Petrucelli, American executive

John Petrucelli
John Petrucelli (born October 27, 1992) is an American-born naturalized Italian professional basketball player for Galatasaray MCT Technic of the Basketbol Süper Ligi (BSL) and the Champions League (BCL). He played college basketball for Molloy College before playing professionally in Slovakia, the NBA G League, Israel, Germany, and Italy.
Machacamarca, Aroma
Machacamarca is a small town in the La Paz Department in Bolivia. It is the seat of the Nueva Esperanza de Machacamarca Canton, one of the five cantons of the Colquencha Municipality which is the sixth municipal section of the Aroma Province. The town is situated at the railway that leads from La Paz to Oruro. At the time of census 2001 Machacamarca had a population of 1,400.

Machacamarca is the hispanicized spelling of Aymara: Machaqa Marka, machaqa = new, marka = village, town: So the name means "new village" or "new town".

The people in the Colquencha Municipality are mainly Aymara (94.6%) and most citizens speak Aymara followed by Spanish.

Oruro
Oruro (Hispanicized spelling) or Uru Uru is a city in Bolivia with a population of 264,683 (2012 calculation), about halfway between La Paz and Sucre in the Altiplano, approximately 3,709 meters (12,169 ft) above sea level.

It is Bolivia's fifth-largest city by population, after Santa Cruz de la Sierra, El Alto, La Paz, and Cochabamba. It is the capital of the Department of Oruro and the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Oruro. Oruro has been subject to cycles of boom and bust owing to its dependence on the mining industry, notably tin, tungsten, silver and copper.
Sirk'i Quta
Sirk'i Quta (Aymara sirk'i wart, quta lake, Hispanicized spellings Serkhe Khota, Serkhe Kkota) is a lake in Bolivia located in the La Paz Department, Pedro Domingo Murillo Province, La Paz Municipality, south of the Qutapata National Park It lies between the Inkachaka Lake in the west and the mountain Sirk'i Qullu in the east. Sirk'i Quta is situated at a height of about 4,814 metres (15,794 ft), 0.73 km long and 0.28 km at its widest point.

Cotapata National Park and Integrated Management Natural Area
Cotapata National Park and Integrated Management Natural Area (Parque Nacional y Área Natural de Manejo Integrado Cotapata) is a protected area in the Yungas of La Paz Department, Bolivia. It is situated in the northwest of the department, in the Nor Yungas and Murillo provinces in the Coroico and La Paz Municipalities, about 50 km (31 mi) away from the city of La Paz.

The national park covers approximately 40% of the total area.
Holland Public Schools
Holland Public Schools is a public school district headquartered in Holland, Michigan. It serves portions of southern Ottawa County and northern Allegan County. In addition to almost all of Holland, which spills into both counties, it serves parts of Holland and Park townships in Ottawa County and part of Laketown Township in Allegan County. The district offers classes in the common core curriculum alongside other programs like art, music, athletics, theater, forensics, K-12 Spanish, technology literacy, special education, English as a second language, and extra-curricular activities.

Ottawa County, Michigan
Ottawa County (/ˈɒtəwə/ OT-ə-wə) is a county located in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the United States 2020 Census, the population was 296,200. The county seat is Grand Haven. The county is named for the Ottawa Nation. It was set off in 1831 and organized in 1837. Ottawa County is included in the Grand Rapids-Kentwood, MI Metropolitan Statistical Area and has a significant Dutch American population.

Area farmers produce more than $726 million in products annually, making Ottawa County an "agricultural powerhouse" in the state.
Canterbury earthquake
Canterbury earthquake can refer to:

1888 North Canterbury earthquake

1901 Cheviot earthquake that caused building damage in Christchurch.

2010 Canterbury earthquake

2011 Christchurch earthquake

2016 Kaikōura earthquake

1901 Cheviot earthquake
The 1901 Cheviot earthquake occurred at 07:47 NZT on 16 November 1901 (20:15 15 November UTC) with an estimated magnitude of 6.9, centred near the township of Cheviot in the Canterbury region of New Zealand.
Decision (journal)
Decision is a peer-reviewed academic journal covering research about decision making within the boundaries of an organization, as well as decisions involving inter-firm coordination. According to the 2023 Journal Citation Reports, Decision Sciences has an impact factor of 1.5, placing it in the third quartile (286/401) of journals in the category of management. Decision Sciences is published by Springer Science+Business Media on behalf of the Indian Institute of Management Calcutta. The editor (as of 2024) is Priya Seetharaman.

The journal is abstracted and indexed in:

Baidu

CLOCKSS

CNKI

CNPIEC (China National Publications Import & Export Company)

Dimensions

EBSCO

Emerging Sources Citation Index

Google Scholar

Naver

OCLC WorldCat Discovery Service

Portico

ProQuest

Research Papers in Economics (RePEc)

TD Net Discovery Service

UGC-CARE List (India)

Wanfang

Research Papers in Economics
Research Papers in Economics (RePEc) is a collaborative effort of hundreds of volunteers in many countries to enhance the dissemination of research in economics. The heart of the project is a decentralized database of working papers, preprints, journal articles, and software components. The project started in 1997. Its precursor NetEc dates back to 1993.
Val (Tábor District)
Val is a municipality and village in Tábor District in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 300 inhabitants.

Val lies approximately 33 kilometres (21 mi) south of Tábor, 28 km (17 mi) north-east of České Budějovice, and 109 km (68 mi) south of Prague.

Tábor
Tábor (Czech pronunciation: [ˈtaːbor] ⓘ; German: Tabor) is a town in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 34,000 inhabitants, making it the second most populated town in the region. The town was founded by the Hussites in 1420. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument reservation.
Pornographic parody film
A pornographic parody film is a subgenre of the pornographic film industry genre where the basis for the production's story or plotline is the parody of a mainstream television show, feature film, public figure, video game or literary works. This subgenre also includes parody of historical or contemporary events such as political scandals. The subgenre has gained acceptance by the adult industry to the extent that major awards are presented in  this category by organizations such as AVN and XRCO.

Public figure
A public figure is a person who has achieved fame, prominence or notoriety within a society, whether through achievement, luck, action, or in some cases through no purposeful action of their own.

In the context of defamation actions (libel and slander) as well as invasion of privacy, a public figure cannot succeed in a lawsuit on incorrect harmful statements in the United States unless there is proof that the writer or publisher acted with actual malice by knowing the falsity or by reckless disregard for the truth. The legal burden of proof in defamation actions is thus higher in the case of a public figure than in the case of an ordinary person.

The tort of defamation depends on jurisdiction: for example, the law of defamation in England and Wales differs from Scotland or the State of Florida.
North Carolina Highway 161
North Carolina Highway 161 (NC 161) is a primary state highway in the U.S. state of North Carolina that connects the city of Kings Mountain, North Carolina to Bessemer City, North Carolina and York, South Carolina.

Kings Mountain, North Carolina
Kings Mountain is a small suburban city within the Charlotte metropolitan area in Cleveland and Gaston counties, North Carolina, United States. Most of the city is in Cleveland County, with a small eastern portion in Gaston County. As of the 2020 census, Kings Mountain had a population of 11,142.
Estadio Municipal de Carapegua
The Estadio Municipal de Carapeguá is a football stadium in the city of Carapeguá, Paraguay. The stadium has a grass pitch  and a capacity of 9,000 spectators.  Construction of the stadium was started in 2010 by the company Villalba Piñeiro and was completed in 2012. During the COVID-19 outbreak, the stadium served as a quarantine center.

Secretaría Nacional de Deportes
The National Secretary of Sports initialed SND and known as Secretaría Nacional de Deportes in Spanish, is the national sports complex of Paraguay where sportspeople trained and national and international competitions are disputed. SND is the headquarters of the Federación Paraguaya de Atletismo and its track and field stadium is the venue of monthly National Athletics Evaluative Tournaments.
2020 Tokyo Marathon
The 2020 Tokyo Marathon (Japanese: 東京マラソン2020) was the 14th edition of the annual marathon race in Tokyo, and was held on Sunday, 1 March.  A World Athletics Platinum Label Road Race, it was the first World Marathon Majors event held that year.  The prior year's men's winner, Ethiopian Birhanu Legese, successfully defended his title by winning with a time of 2:04:15. In the women's marathon Israeli Lonah Chemtai Salpeter set a new course record, breaking the old one by over two minutes, as well as a new Israeli national record by winning with a time of 2:17:45;  at the time the sixth-fastest women's marathon in the world of all time.

The men's wheelchair race was won by Japanese racer Tomoki Suzuki, and the women's wheelchair race was won by Japanese racer Tsubasa Kina, both setting course records in their victory. Women's winner Tsubasa Kina also went on to win the following year's 2021 Tokyo Marathon

World Marathon Majors
The World Marathon Majors (WMM) is a championship-style competition for marathon runners that started in 2006. A points-based competition founded on seven major marathon races recognised as the most high-profile on the calendar, the series comprises annual races for the cities of Tokyo, Boston, London, Sydney, Berlin, Chicago and New York.

In addition, the World Marathon Majors includes the results of any major global championship marathon held in that year. These races are the biennial World Athletics Championships Marathon, and the quadrennial Olympic Games Marathon.
Outline of electrical engineering
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to electrical engineering.

Electrical engineering – field of engineering that generally deals with the study and application of electricity, electronics and electromagnetism. The field first became an identifiable occupation in the late nineteenth century after commercialization of the electric telegraph and electrical power supply. It now covers a range of subtopics including power, electronics, control systems, signal processing and telecommunications.

Control system
A control system manages, commands, directs, or regulates the behavior of other devices or systems using control loops. It can range from a single home heating controller using a thermostat controlling a domestic boiler to large industrial control systems which are used for controlling processes or machines. The control systems are designed via control engineering process.

For continuously modulated control, a feedback controller is used to automatically control a process or operation.   The control system compares the value or status of the process variable (PV) being controlled with the desired value or setpoint (SP), and applies the difference as a control signal to bring the process variable output of the plant to the same value as the setpoint.

For sequential and combinational logic, software logic, such as in a programmable logic controller, is used.
LA Confidential (song)
"LA Confidential" is a song by Canadian Singer Tory Lanez. The song was released on January 29, 2016 by Mad Love Records and Interscope Records. The song is produced by Benny Blanco, Cashmere Cat, Pop and Toro.

Pop & Oak
Pop & Oak is a songwriting and production duo consisting of Andrew "Pop" Wansel and Warren "Oak" Felder. Wansel is the son of Dexter Wansel, staff songwriter, producer and session musician of Gamble and Huff's Philadelphia International Records.
Poldi Pezzoli Madonna
The Poldi Pezzoli Madonna or Madonna with the Sleeping Christ Child is a tempera on canvas painting by Andrea Mantegna, dating to around 1490-1500, after the painter's trip to Rome. It was bought from Giovanni Morelli's collection by Gian Giacomo Poldi Pezzoli shortly after the 1850s and is now in the Museo Poldi Pezzoli in Milan. It was restored in 1863 by Giuseppe Molteni, who added the varnish which has now yellowed.

It belongs to a group of small-format Madonnas by the painter, produced for private devotion. As in Madonna with Sleeping Child (Berlin) and Madonna and Child (Bergamo), the Virgin is touching her face to her son's, a pose drawn from Donatello, particularly his Pazzi Madonna. Her expression is pensive and melancholic, perhaps foreseeing her son's passion - the white cloth around him prefigures the sudarium.

Andrea Mantegna
Andrea Mantegna (UK: /mænˈtɛnjə/, US: /mɑːnˈteɪnjə/; Italian: [anˈdrɛːa manˈteɲɲa]; c. 1431 – September 13, 1506) was an Italian Renaissance painter, a student of Roman archaeology, and the son-in-law of Jacopo Bellini.

Like other artists of the time, Mantegna experimented with perspective, e.g. by lowering the horizon in order to create a sense of greater monumentality. His flinty, metallic landscapes, and somewhat stony figures give evidence of a fundamentally sculptural approach to painting. He also led a workshop that was the leading producer of prints in Venice before 1500.
Revelation Space series
The Revelation Space series is a book series created by Alastair Reynolds. The fictional universe is used as the setting for a number of his novels and stories. Its fictional history follows the human species through various conflicts from the relatively near future (roughly 2200) to approximately 40,000 AD (all the novels to date are set between 2427 and 2858, although certain stories extend beyond this period). It takes its name from Revelation Space (2000), which was the first published novel set in the universe.

Subterranean Press
Subterranean Press is a small press publisher in Burton, Michigan. Subterranean is best known for publishing genre fiction, primarily horror, suspense and dark mystery, fantasy, and science fiction. In addition to publishing novels, short story collections and chapbooks, Subterranean also produced a quarterly publication called Subterranean Magazine from 2005 to 2014, specialising in short fiction and edited by William Schafer; it had also an online direct seller. In addition to trade editions, the company produces collector's and limited editions. These books are issued with author signatures, in both numbered and lettered states, and are produced using high-grade book papers and bindings with matching slipcases and traycases.

Subterranean Press won the 2025 Locus Award for Best Publisher.
Lafitte Greenway
The Lafitte Greenway is a trail for pedestrians and bicycles located in New Orleans, Louisiana, extending from Louis Armstrong Park to Bayou St. John and beyond. Opened in 2015, it is the latest reconfiguration of a historic transportation corridor that has been in use for over two centuries.

Lakeview, New Orleans
Lakeview is a neighborhood of the city of New Orleans. A subdistrict of the Lakeview District Area, its boundaries as defined by the City Planning Commission are: Robert E Lee Boulevard to the north, Orleans Avenue to the east, Florida Boulevard, Canal Boulevard and I-610 to the south and Pontchartrain Boulevard to the west. Lakeview is sometimes used to describe the entire area bounded by Lake Pontchartrain to the north, the Orleans Avenue Canal to the east, City Park Avenue to the south and the 17th Street Canal to the west. This larger definition includes the West End, Lakewood and Navarre neighborhoods, as well as the Lakefront neighborhoods of Lakeshore and Lake Vista.
Futuna-Aniwa language
Futuna-Aniwa is a language spoken in the Tafea Province of Vanuatu on the outlier islands of Futuna and Aniwa. The language has approximately 1,500 speakers. It is a Polynesian language, part of the Austronesian language family.

It is occasionally called West Futunan to distinguish it from East Futunan spoken on the islands of Futuna and Alofi in Wallis and Futuna.

Futuna (Wallis and Futuna)
Futuna (/fuːˈtuːnə/; French: [fu.tu.na]) is the largest island in Hoorn Islands or Îles Horne, located in the Pacific Ocean, part of the French overseas collectivity (collectivité d'outre-mer) of Wallis and Futuna.  The island occupies an area of 80 km2 (30 sq mi) and as of 2018 it has a population of 10,912.

Futuna is a local name, the etymology of which is unknown.