hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pelton wheel
The Pelton wheel or Pelton Turbine is an impulse-type water turbine invented by American inventor Lester Allan Pelton in the 1870s. The Pelton wheel extracts energy from the impulse of moving water, as opposed to water's dead weight like the traditional overshot water wheel. Many earlier variations of impulse turbines existed, but they were less efficient than Pelton's design. Water leaving those wheels typically still had high speed, carrying away much of the dynamic energy brought to the wheels.  Pelton's paddle geometry was designed so that when the rim ran at half the speed of the water jet, the water left the wheel with very little speed; thus his design extracted almost all of the water's impulse energy—which made for a very efficient turbine.

Kinetic energy
In physics, the kinetic energy of an object is the form of energy that it possesses due to its motion.

In classical mechanics, the kinetic energy of a non-rotating object of mass m traveling at a speed v is .

The kinetic energy of an object is equal to the work, or force (F) in the direction of motion times its displacement (s), needed to accelerate the object from rest to its given speed. The same amount of work is done by the object when decelerating from its current speed to a state of rest.

The SI unit of energy is the joule, while the English unit of energy is the foot-pound.

In relativistic mechanics,  is a good approximation of kinetic energy only when v is much less than the speed of light.
Gnophaela latipennis
Gnophaela latipennis, the wild forget-me-not moth, is a moth of the family Erebidae. It was described by Jean Baptiste Boisduval in 1852. It is found in the US states of Oregon and California. The habitat consists of open mixed hardwood-conifer forests, oak woodlands and open riparian areas near creeks, as well as in open ponderosa pine forests and mountain meadows.

The length of the forewings is 26 mm (1.0 in). Adults are on wing from late May to early August.

The larvae feed on Cynoglossum grande, Cynoglossum occidentale, Hackelia californica, Mertensia and Myosotis species.

Andersonglossum occidentale
Andersonglossum occidentale is a species of flowering plant in the borage family known by the common name western hound's tongue.

It is native to Oregon and northern California, where it is a resident of the coniferous understory, including in the Cascade Range, Klamath Mountains, and the Sierra Nevada.
Alfred J. Kwak
Alfred J. Kwak is a children's animated comedy-drama television series based on a Dutch theatre show by Herman van Veen. It was produced by Telecable Benelux B.V. in co-production with VARA, ZDF, Televisión Española, and TV Tokyo, and was animated by Telescreen Japan. It consists of 52 episodes, which were first aired in 1989. The series characters were designed by Harald Siepermann. There are also toys and a comic based on the animated series.

The series has been broadcast in many countries and has been dubbed and subtitled in Dutch, French, Japanese, Greek, English, Italian, Spanish, Hebrew, Arabic, Hungarian, Finnish, Serbian, Polish, German, Swedish, Danish, Icelandic, Chinese, Czech, Romanian, Korean, and Norwegian.

In 1991, Herman van Veen won the Goldene Kamera award for the cartoon.

Goldene Kamera
The Goldene Kamera ("Golden Camera") is an annual German film and television award, awarded by the Funke Mediengruppe. The award show was usually held in early February in Hamburg, but also took place in Berlin on occasion. It has been paused since 2019, after dropping the traditional award categories some time earlier.
Karina Tyma
Karina Tyma (born 5 May 2000 in Gorzów Wielkopolski) is a Polish professional squash player. Educated at Drexel University, she reached a career high ranking of 61 in the world during May 2022.

She won the European U19 Individual Championships 2019 and the 2021 Texas Open. She won 8 national titles in 2017, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024 and 2025. Tyma was enrolled at Drexel University in the United States and played for Drexel Dragons Women Squash. In June 2021, she won her second PSA title, the Life Time City Center Open 2021, in Houston.

In June 2023 Tyma graduated from Drexel University with Bachelor of Arts in Political Science. In December 2024 Tyma graduated from Drexel University with Master of Science in Public Policy.

In April 2025, Tyma won her 3rd PSA title after securing victory in the Squash On Fire Challenge during the 2024–25 PSA Squash Tour.
In February 2026, Tyma won her 4th PSA title after securing victory in Guilfoyle PSA Squash Classic 2026.

Gorzów Wielkopolski
Gorzów Wielkopolski (Polish pronunciation: [ˈɡɔʐuv vjɛlkɔˈpɔlskʲi] ⓘ), often abbreviated to Gorzów Wlkp. or simply Gorzów (formerly Landsberg an der Warthe), is a city in western Poland, located on the Warta River. It is one of the two principal cities and seats of the Lubusz Voivodeship, with a population of 114,567 as of 30 June 2024.

The city has a history dating back to the 13th century and serves as a cultural, economic, and industrial hub in the region. Gorzów Wielkopolski is home to several historical landmarks, green spaces, and educational institutions, and is known for its strong tradition in speedway racing.

Around Gorzów, there are two large forest areas: Gorzów Woods to the north, where the Barlinek-Gorzów Landscape Park is situated, and Noteć Woods to the southeast. The biggest oil fields in Poland are located near Gorzów.
Dutch Honorary Debts Committee Foundation
The Dutch Honorary Debts Committee Foundation (KUKB, Indonesian: Yayasan Komite Utang Kehormatan Belanda; Dutch: Stichting Comité Nederlandse Ereschulden) is an independent interest group in the Netherlands and Indonesia for victims of Dutch colonialism in the former Dutch East Indies (1603–1949), in particular within the context of the Indonesian National Revolution of 1945–1949.

The KUKB formed in the Netherlands on 5 May 2005 and became a foundation on 4 April 2007. It has an Indonesian presence in Jakarta and in the provinces of West Java, South Sulawesi, and West Sulawesi.

Foundation (nonprofit)
A foundation (also referred to as a charitable foundation) is a type of nonprofit organization or charitable trust that usually provides funding and support to other charitable organizations through grants, while also potentially participating directly in charitable activities. Foundations encompass public charitable foundations, like community foundations, and private foundations, which are often endowed by an individual or family. Nevertheless, the term "foundation" might also be adopted by organizations not primarily engaged in public grantmaking.
Civil Defence Information Bulletin
Civil Defence Information Bulletin were a series of seven public information films starring Robert Urquhart, dealing with civil defence measures individuals and families could take in the event of a nuclear attack on Great Britain. They were produced for the Home Office and the Scottish Home and Health Department by RHR Productions United Kingdom in 1964. The writer was Nicolas Alwyn and the producer Ronald H. Riley.

In the event of an international crisis in which nuclear war was imminent, these films were to be broadcast by all television networks in the UK, in much the same manner as the Protect and Survive films were to be broadcast from the late 1970s. The information provided in the films is based on Civil Defence Handbook No. 10 Advising the Householder on Protection against Nuclear Attack.

Robert Urquhart (actor)
Robert Urquhart (16 October 1922 – 21 March 1995) was a Scottish character actor who worked on the stage, for British television, and in film. His breakthrough role was Paul Krempe in The Curse of Frankenstein in 1957, along with Peter Cushing and Christopher Lee.
FIFA Intercontinental Cup
The FIFA Intercontinental Cup is an annual football competition organised by FIFA, the global governing body for the sport. First held in 2024, the tournament features the reigning club champions of each of the six FIFA confederations, contested in a knockout format in which the representative from Europe receives a bye to the final.

The tournament concept is closely modelled on the earlier version of the FIFA Club World Cup, which underwent major expansion and restructuring starting with the 2025 edition. The FIFA Intercontinental Cup confers the title of annual world champions. Paris Saint-Germain are the current holders, having defeated Flamengo 2–1 on penalties following a 1–1 draw after extra time in the 2025 final.

2025 FIFA Intercontinental Cup final
The 2025 FIFA Intercontinental Cup final, also known simply as the 2025 FIFA Intercontinental Cup, was the final match of the 2025 FIFA Intercontinental Cup, an international club football tournament featuring the club champions from each of the six continental confederations. The match took place on 17 December 2025 at the Ahmad bin Ali Stadium in Al Rayyan, Qatar, between French club Paris Saint-Germain, winners of the 2024–25 UEFA Champions League, and Brazilian club Flamengo, the winners of play-offs contested by the other five confederations.

Paris Saint-Germain won the match 2–1 on penalties, following a 1–1 draw after extra time, for their first club world championship title.
Franko Grgić
Franko Grgić (born 31 January 2003) is a Croatian competitive swimmer in freestyle.

Grgić won the gold medal both in the 800 m freestyle and the 1500 m freestyle  event at the 2019 FINA World Junior Swimming Championships in Budapest, Hungary. With the time of 14:46.09 in World Junior Championship he is the fastest 16-year-old 1500m freestyle swimmer in history. He captured two gold medals in the 400 m freestyle and the 1500 m freestyle event at the 2019 European Youth Summer Olympic Festival (EYOF) in Baku, Azerbaijan.
In 2019 he was nominated for the Piotr Nurowski “Best European Young Athlete” Prize awarded by the European Olympic Committees, subsequently he was awarded second place. 
In the same year he was awarded the best young Croatian athlete by the famous Sportske novosti magazine.

European Olympic Committees
The European Olympic Committees (EOC; French: Comités olympiques européens, COE) is an organisation based in Rome, Italy, consisting of 50 National Olympic Committees from the continent of Europe. Among other duties, the EOC organizes three major multi-sport events. These are the European Youth Olympic Festival, the Games of the Small States of Europe and the European Games.

The EOC has no connection with another multi-sport event called the European Championships, which are organised by various European discipline-specific sports associations.
2014–15 Lega Pro
The 2014–15 Lega Pro was the first season of the unified Lega Pro division in place of the old Prima Divisione and Seconda Divisione. The league is composed of 60 teams divided into three different groups of 20 each.

SS Arezzo
Società Sportiva Arezzo (formerly Associazione Sportiva Dilettantistica Atletico Arezzo and Associazione Calcio Arezzo) is an Italian association football club based in Arezzo, Tuscany. The club was formed in 1923, refounded in 1993 after going bankrupt and refounded in 2010 after being unable to enroll in the tournament. The club currently plays in Serie C, the third tier of Italian football.
Phalonidia udana
Phalonidia udana, or the loosestrife conch, is a European species of moth of the family Tortricidae, the subfamily Tortricinae, and the tribe Cochylini. It is widely distributed in the North Palaearctic but appears to be largely rare or missing in Central Europe. Previously, it was classified under the Phalonidia manniana taxon, but a recent effort to barcode all North European Lepidoptera revealed that P. udana and P. mannania are two distinct species.

Émile Louis Ragonot
Émile Louis Ragonot (12 October 1843 – 13 October 1895) was a French entomologist.  In 1885, he became president of the Société entomologique de France.

He named 301 new genera of butterflies and moths, mostly pyralid moths.

He is also the author of several books:

Diagnoses of North American Phycitidae and Galleriidae (1887) published in Paris

(in French) Nouveaux genres et espèces de Phycitidae & Galleriidae (1888)

(in French) Essai sur une classification des Pyralites (1891-1892)

(in French) Monographie des Phycitinae et des Galleriinae. pp. 1–602 In N.M. Romanoff. Mémoires sur les Lépidoptères. Tome VIII. N.M. Romanoff, Saint-Petersbourg. xli + 602 pp. (1901)

Ragonot's collection can be found in the National Museum of Natural History, Paris, France.
IPA consonant chart with audio
The International Phonetic Alphabet, or IPA, is an alphabetic system of phonetic notation based primarily on the Latin alphabet. It was devised by the International Phonetic Association as a standardized representation of the sounds of spoken language.

The following tables present pulmonic and non-pulmonic consonants. In the IPA, a pulmonic consonant is a consonant made by obstructing the glottis (the space between the vocal cords) or oral cavity (the mouth) and either simultaneously or subsequently letting out air from the lungs. Pulmonic consonants make up the majority of consonants in the IPA, as well as in human language. All consonants in the English language fall into this category.

In the audio samples below, the consonants are pronounced with [ä] for demonstration.

Mouth
A mouth, also referred to as the oral, is the body orifice through which many animals ingest food and vocalize. The body cavity immediately behind the mouth opening, known as the oral cavity (or cavum oris in Latin), is also the first part of the alimentary canal, which leads to the pharynx and the gullet. In tetrapod vertebrates, the mouth is bounded on the outside by the lips and cheeks — thus the oral cavity is also known as the buccal cavity (from Latin bucca, meaning "cheek") — and contains the tongue on the inside. Except for some groups like birds and lissamphibians, vertebrates usually have teeth in their mouths, although some fish species have pharyngeal teeth instead of oral teeth.

Most bilaterian phyla, including arthropods, molluscs and chordates, have a two-opening gut tube with a mouth at one end and an anus at the other. Which end forms first in ontogeny is a criterion used to classify bilaterian animals into protostomes and deuterostomes.
Choi Byung-hyuk
Choi Byung-hyuk (Korean: 최병혁; born 1 January 1963) is a retired Republic of Korea Army lieutenant general. President Yoon Suk Yeol announced his intention to nominate Choi to serve as Minister of National Defense after the resignation of Choi's predecessor Kim Yong-hyun and Kim's imposition of  martial law in December 2024, but rejected the appointment.

Order of National Security Merit
The Order of National Security Merit (Korean: 보국훈장) is one of South Korea's orders of merit. It is awarded by the President of South Korea for "outstanding meritorious services in the interest of national security."
Goldhaber
Goldhaber is a German surname meaning "gold oats"; or "possessor of gold". Notable people with the surname include:

Gerson Goldhaber (1924–2010), German-born American physicist

Gertrude Scharff Goldhaber (1911–1998), German-American physicist

Marcus Goldhaber (born 1978), American jazz vocalist and band leader

Maurice Goldhaber (1911–2011), Austro-Hungarian-born American physicist

Nat Goldhaber, American venture capitalist, computer entrepreneur and politician

Sulamith Goldhaber (1923–1965), Austrian-born American physicist

Nat Goldhaber
A. Nathaniel "Nat" Goldhaber is an American venture capitalist, computer entrepreneur and politician. Goldhaber helped found Maharishi International University and was special assistant to lieutenant governor William Scranton III and founder and chief executive of TOPS, a computer networking company. He served as president of the venture capital firm Cole Gilburne Goldhaber & Ariyoshi Management and was the founding CEO of CyberGold, an Internet marketing company that became a public stock offering in 1999. He was the 2000 U.S. vice president candidate for the Natural Law Party and serves as the managing director of Claremont Creek Ventures, an investment firm.
1990 Virginia Slims of Albuquerque – Singles
Lori McNeil was the defending champion, but she chose to compete at San Diego during the same week, losing in the first round to Ann Grossman.

Jana Novotná won the title by defeating Laura Gildemeister 6–4, 6–4 in the final.

Ann Grossman
Ann Grossman-Wunderlich (born October 13, 1970) is an American former professional tennis player.

Grossman was born in the United States. She competed on the WTA Tour from 1987 to 1998. She reached the fourth round of the French Open twice, and she reached the fourth round of the US Open once. She was ranked as high as 29 in singles, and 31 in doubles. She recorded wins over Martina Navratilova, Mary Jo Fernandez, and Zina Garrison.

Grossman has served on the USTA Olympic and Federation Cup committees after her retirement.
And I Love You So (TV series)
And I Love You So is a Philippine television drama melodrama series broadcast by ABS-CBN. Directed by Onat A. Diaz, Jon S. Villarin, Don M. Cuaresma and Jerome C. Pobocan, it stars Miles Ocampo, Julia Barretto, Dimples Romana and Angel Aquino. It aired on the network's Kapamilya Gold line up and worldwide on TFC from December 7, 2015 to March 11, 2016, replacing Walang Iwanan and was replaced by My Love Donna.

The series is streaming online on YouTube.

Philippine television drama
Philippine television drama, also known as teleserye is a form of melodramatic, serialized, televised fiction in the Philippines. Teleserye is derived from two Filipino words: "tele", short for "telebisyón" (television), and "serye" (series).

Teleseryes share characteristics with and have roots similar to soap operas and telenovelas. They have evolved into a genre with unique characteristics, however, and often reflect Filipino social reality. Teleseryes are aired in the afternoon and prime time, five days a week. Their audience crosses age and gender lines, and they have the highest advertising rates in the Philippine television industry. Series last from three months to a year or longer, depending on ratings.

Philippine TV dramas also include serials and anthologies, usually shown weekly. These dramas have a finite number of episodes and usually last one season, again depending on ratings.
Uniseum
The Uniseum is the university museum of the Albert-Ludwigs-Universität in Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany. The name is a portmanteau of Universität and Museum (university and museum). As a neologism, it is trademarked.

Opened in 2004, the museum documents the history of Freiburg’s university from its foundation in 1457 up to the German student movement of the 1960s. The artefacts are organised on a thematic basis. Moreover, each of the university’s more influential disciplines - medicine, natural sciences and humanities - has its own designated section. Furthermore, there is a Cabinet of curiosities modelled after the ones from the Renaissance period, as well as a collection of moulages.

The Uniseum is located in the building of the Alte Universität (Old University), which has served as a university building since 1557. The vaulted cellars of the building offer a glimpse into the history of the building and its architectural antecedents.

West German student movement
The West German student movement (German: Westdeutsche Studentenbewegung), sometimes called the 1968 movement in West Germany (German: 1968 Bewegung in Westdeutschland), was a left-wing social movement that consisted of mass student protests in West Germany in 1968. Participants in the movement later came to be known as 68ers. The movement was characterized by the protesting students' rejection of traditionalism and of German political authority which included many former Nazi officials. Student unrest had started in 1967 when student Benno Ohnesorg was fatally shot by a policeman during a protest against the visit of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the Shah of Iran. The movement is considered to have formally started after the attempted assassination of student activist leader Rudi Dutschke, which sparked various protests across West Germany and gave rise to public opposition. The movement created lasting changes in German culture.
Carmel College, Auckland
Carmel College is a Catholic secondary school for girls located in Milford on Auckland's North Shore. It was established by the Sisters of Mercy in 1957 starting with a student roll of only 15 girls. The College's brother school is nearby Rosmini College.

Girl
A girl is a young female human, usually a child or an adolescent.  While the term girl has other meanings, including young woman, daughter or girlfriend regardless of age, the first meaning is the most common one.

The treatment and status of girls in any society is usually closely related to the status of women in that culture.  In cultures where women have or had a low social position, girls may be unwanted by their parents, and society may invest less in girls.  The difference in girls' and boys' upbringing ranges from slight to completely different.  Mixing of the sexes may vary by age, and from totally mixed to total sex segregation.
Raidhu
Raidhu (IAST: Raidhū; 1393–1489) was an Apabhramsha poet from Gwalior, and an important figure in the Digambara Jain community. He supervised the pratishtha consecration ceremony of many—perhaps most—of the Jain idols carved on the hill side in the Gwalior Fort during the rule of Tomara rulers Dungarasimha and Kirtisimha.

Panch Kalyanaka Pratishtha Mahotsava
Panch Kalyanaka Pratishtha Mahotsava  is a traditional Jain ceremony that consecrates one or more Jain Tirthankara icons with celebration of Panch Kalyanaka (five auspicious events). The ceremony is generally held when new Jain temple is erected or new idols are installed in temples. 5 names of panch kalyanak are 
Chyavan (conception)
Janma (birth)
Diksha (renunciation)
Keval Gyan (omniscience)
Moksha (liberation)
Liviu-Ioan Balint
Liviu-Ioan "Como" Balint (born 7 October 1971) is a Romanian politician of the Justice and Respect in Europe for All Party. Since 2016, he has been a member of the Chamber of Deputies.

Balint joined the Democratic Party in 2000. He served as first vice president of the Democratic Liberal Party in Sălaj from 2004 to 2009, as vice president of the National Union for the Progress of Romania in Sălaj from 2010 to 2016, and as interim president of the People's Movement Party in Sălaj in 2016. In the 2016 parliamentary election, he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies as a candidate of the People's Movement Party. He switched to the Social Democratic Party in 2017, and later PRO Romania in 2019 and the National Liberal Party in 2020. Since 2024, he has been a member of the Justice and Respect in Europe for All Party.

Democratic Liberal Party (Romania)
The Democratic Liberal Party (Romanian: Partidul Democrat-Liberal, PDL) was a liberal-conservative political party in Romania. The party was formed on 15 December 2007, when the Democratic Party (PD) merged with the Liberal Democratic Party (PLD). On 17 November 2014 the PDL officially merged into the National Liberal Party (PNL), ceasing to exist. The PDL was associated with Traian Băsescu, who was previously leader of the PD and President of Romania from 2004 to 2014.
Frank D. Stringham
Frank Devello Stringham (1872–1931) was an American politician who served as the sixth mayor of Berkeley, California, from 1923 to 1927. As mayor, Stringham was notable for leading the effort to adopt the city manager form of government.  Prior to becoming mayor, Stringham served as Berkeley's City Attorney.  In 1928, Stringham was appointed to serve as a director on the board of the East Bay Municipal Utility District.  The 1923 Berkeley Fire occurred during Stringham's term as mayor.

1923 Berkeley, California, fire
The 1923 Berkeley, California, fire was a conflagration that consumed some 640 structures, including 584 houses in the densely built neighborhoods north of the campus of the University of California in Berkeley, California, on September 17, 1923.