hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Scarring hair loss
Scarring hair loss, also known as cicatricial alopecia, is the loss of hair which is accompanied with scarring. This is in contrast to non scarring hair loss.

It can be caused by a diverse group of rare disorders that destroy the hair follicle, replace it with scar tissue, and cause permanent hair loss.  A variety of distributions are possible. In some cases, hair loss is gradual, without symptoms, and is unnoticed for long periods. In other cases, hair loss is associated with severe itching, burning and pain and is rapidly progressive. The inflammation that destroys the follicle is below the skin surface and there is usually no "scar" seen on the scalp. Affected areas of the scalp may show little signs of inflammation, or have redness, scaling, increased or decreased pigmentation, pustules, or draining sinuses. Scarring hair loss occurs in otherwise healthy people of all ages and is seen worldwide.

Paranasal sinuses
Paranasal sinuses are a group of four paired air-filled spaces that surround the nasal cavity. The maxillary sinuses are located under the eyes; the frontal sinuses are above the eyes; the ethmoidal sinuses (or ethmoid cells) are between the eyes, and the sphenoidal sinuses are behind the eyes. The sinuses are named according to the bones composing them, namely the frontal, maxillary, ethmoid and sphenoid bones. The evolutionary function of the sinuses is still partly debated.
Lindsay Peoples Wagner
Lindsay Peoples (born October 17, 1990) is an American editor serving as editor-in-chief of New York magazine's The Cut since 2021. She is the former editor-in-chief of Teen Vogue, and was the youngest editor-in-chief of any Condé Nast magazine.

Condé Nast
Condé Nast (/ˌkɒndeɪ ˈnæst/) is an American mass media company founded in 1909 by Condé Montrose Nast and owned by Advance Publications. Its headquarters are located at One World Trade Center in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan, New York City.

The company's media brands attract more than 72 million consumers in print, 394 million in digital and 454 million across social media platforms. These include Vogue, The New Yorker, Condé Nast Traveler, Condé Nast Traveller, GQ, Glamour, Architectural Digest, Vanity Fair, Pitchfork, Wired, Bon Appétit, and Ars Technica, among many others. Former U.S. Vogue editor-in-chief Anna Wintour serves as Artistic Director and Global Chief Content Officer. In 2011, the company launched the Condé Nast Entertainment division, tasked with developing film, television, social and digital video, and virtual reality content.
Always Further On
Always Further On (Spanish: Tarahumara (Cada vez más lejos)) is a 1965 Mexican drama film directed by Luis Alcoriza. It won the FIPRESCI Prize at the 1965 Cannes Film Festival. The film was also selected as the Mexican entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 38th Academy Awards, but was not accepted as a nominee.

International Federation of Film Critics
The International Federation of Film Critics (FIPRESCI, short for Fédération Internationale de la Presse Cinématographique) is an association of national organizations of professional film critics and film journalists from around the world for "the promotion and development of film culture and for the safeguarding of professional interests." It was founded in June 1930 in Brussels, Belgium. It has members in more than 50 countries worldwide.
Kilchenzie
Kilchenzie is a small farming community situated 5 miles (8 km) northwest of Campbeltown on the Kintyre peninsula in Argyll, Scotland. It is reached from north and south by the A83 road. In 1961 it had a population of 69.

A83 road
The A83 is a major road in the south of Argyll and Bute, Scotland, running from Tarbet, on the western shore of Loch Lomond, where it splits from the A82, to Campbeltown at the southern end of the Kintyre peninsula. The road is best known for its section across the Rest and be Thankful pass through the Arrochar Alps between the heads of Loch Long and Loch Fyne.
Giwa
Giwa Local Government Area is a Local Government Area of  Kaduna State, Nigeria. Its headquarters are in the town of Giwa. The Government Council is chaired by Ahmad Sama'ila  yakawada .

It was created on 15 September 1991, by the then president and the Grand Commander of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, General Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida GCFR, out of Igabi Local Government Area of Kaduna State.

It has an area of 2,066 km2 and a population of 286,427 at the 2006 census. It has 11 wards which are shika, Idasu, Kadaga, Danmahawayi, Kidandan, Galadimawa, Gangara, Giwa, Kakangi, Pan Hauya and yakawada also with 2 development area Administrative/ Councils. It is located in the North-West of Kaduna State.

The postal code of Giwa Local Government Area is 810.

Postal code
A postal code (also known locally in various English-speaking countries throughout the world as a postcode, post code, PIN or ZIP Code) is a series of letters or digits or both, sometimes including spaces or punctuation, included in a postal address for the purpose of sorting mail.

As of August 2021, the Universal Postal Union lists 160 countries which require the use of a postal code.

Although postal codes are usually assigned to geographical areas, special codes are sometimes assigned to individual addresses or to institutions that receive large volumes of mail, such as government agencies and large commercial companies. One example is the French CEDEX system.
IC Bus FE Series
The IC Bus FE Series, also known as the IC FE, is a school bus that is manufactured by IC Bus, a subsidiary of Navistar International. Originally introduced in 1990 as the Ward Senator, it is primarily used in school bus applications, as well as some commercial applications. IC Bus manufactures the FE in Conway, Arkansas; this facility is now closed. In April 2010, IC Bus removed the IC FE product literature from its website as dealers announced its discontinuation.

International Motors
International Motors, LLC (formerly Navistar International Corporation) is an American manufacturer of commercial vehicles and engines, established in 1986 as a successor to the International Harvester company. International Motors produces trucks under its own brand and buses under the IC Bus name. Since July 2021, the company has been an independent subsidiary of holding company Traton.

Headquartered in Lisle, Illinois, International Motors employs approximately 14,500 people worldwide as of 2024. The company maintains an extensive distribution network, with nearly 1,000 dealer outlets across the United States, Canada, Brazil, and Mexico, and over 60 dealers in 90 other countries. International Motors' product line includes a range of commercial trucks, from medium-duty Class 4 to heavy-duty Class 8 vehicles.
Leuckart thiophenol reaction
The Leuckart thiophenol reaction is the decomposition of a diazoxanthate, by gentle warming in a slightly acidic cuprous medium, to its corresponding aryl xanthates which give aryl thiols on alkaline hydrolysis and aryl thioethers on further warming.

This reaction was first reported by Rudolf Leuckart in 1890.

Aryl group
In organic chemistry, an aryl is any functional group or substituent derived from an aromatic ring, usually an aromatic hydrocarbon, such as phenyl and naphthyl. "Aryl" is used for the sake of abbreviation or generalization, and "Ar" is used as a placeholder for the aryl group in chemical structure diagrams, analogous to “R” used for any organic substituent. “Ar” is not to be confused with the elemental symbol for argon.

A simple aryl group is phenyl (C6H5−), a group derived from benzene. Examples of other aryl groups consist of:

The tolyl group (CH3C6H4−) which is derived from toluene (methylbenzene)

The xylyl group ((CH3)2C6H3−), which is derived from xylene (dimethylbenzene)

The naphthyl group (C10H7−), which is derived from naphthalene

Arylation is the process in which an aryl group is attached to a substituent. It is typically achieved by cross-coupling reactions.
Robert Bones
Commander Robert Bones (died 1813) was a Royal Navy officer who, as a lieutenant, was acting Governor of Sierra Leone for two months in 1811. Bones had previously been commander of HMS Tigress.

Bones was given command of Tigress in October 1808 and sailed her from Portsmouth to Spithead where he joined Edward H. Columbine who was in command of HMS Solebay. They were involved in naval action, attacking the French slave station at Gorée on 24 June 1809.

Spithead
Spithead is an eastern area of the Solent and a roadstead for vessels off Gilkicker Point in Hampshire, England. It is protected from all winds except those from the southeast, with the Isle of Wight lying to the south-west. Spithead and the channel to the north is the main approach for shipping to Portsmouth Harbour and onwards to Southampton. Spithead itself is an important naval anchorage. Historically, Spithead was used for assembling Royal Navy ships, including as a formation area for squadrons or fleets at anchor, as well as for the resupply of ships.
Chrztowo
Chrztowo [ˈxʂtɔvɔ] is a village with a population of 80 in northern Poland. The village is within the administrative district of Gmina Liniewo, which is within Kościerzyna County, in the provincial region of the Pomeranian Voivodeship.

Kościerzyna County
Kościerzyna County (Kashubian: Kòscérsczi kréz, Polish: powiat kościerski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Pomeranian Voivodeship, northern Poland. It came into being on 1 January 1999 as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Kościerzyna, which lies 51 kilometres (32 mi) south-west of the regional capital Gdańsk. Its borders equal approximately the borders of the old Marquessate of Berent in the German Empire.

The county covers an area of 1,165.85 square kilometres (450.1 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 72,589, out of which the population of Kościerzyna is 23,776, and the rural population is 48,813.

Kościerzyna County on a map of the counties of Pomeranian Voivodeship

Kościerzyna County is bordered by Kartuzy County to the north, Gdańsk County and Starogard County to the east, Chojnice County to the south, and Bytów County to the west.
Susheela Jayapal
Susheela Jayapal (born November 2, 1962) is an American politician. From January 2019 to November 2023, she served as a county commissioner for Multnomah County, Oregon, the state's most populous county. She was the first Indian American to hold an elected office at the county level in Oregon.

She is the older sister of U.S. Representative Pramila Jayapal and the daughter of Indian writer Maya Jayapal. Susheela Jayapal was a candidate for Oregon's 3rd congressional district in the 2024 election, where she lost the Democratic primary to Maxine Dexter.

Multnomah County, Oregon
Multnomah County /mʌltˈnoʊmə/ ⓘ is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the county's population was 815,428. Multnomah County is part of the Portland metropolitan area. The state's smallest and most populous county, its county seat, Portland, is the state's most populous city.
Manoj Kayande
Manoj Devanand Kayande (born 1989) is an Indian politician from Maharashtra. He is a member of the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly from Sindkhed Raja Assembly constituency in Buldhana district. He won the 2024 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election, representing the Nationalist Congress Party.

Maharashtra Legislative Assembly
The Maharashtra Legislative Assembly (ISO: Mahārāṣṭra Vidhānasabhā) is the lower house of the bicameral legislature of Maharashtra state in western India. It consists of 288 members directly elected from single-seat constituencies. The Assembly meets at Vidhan Bhavan in Mumbai, though the winter session is held in Nagpur. Along with the Maharashtra Legislative Council, it constitutes the legislature of Maharashtra. The presiding officer of the Assembly is the Speaker. Members of the Assembly are directly elected by the people of Maharashtra through elections held every five years, unless the Assembly is dissolved earlier. The current Assembly was elected in November 2024.
Mark Wartman
Mark Wartman (born August 20, 1951) is a Canadian provincial politician. He was the Saskatchewan New Democratic Party member of the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan for the constituency of Regina Qu'Appelle Valley from 1999 to 2007. He served as Agriculture Minister for Saskatchewan.

He currently works as a private fundraising consultant and serves on the non-profit board of directors for carmichael outreach in Regina, Saskatchewan.

Regina Qu'Appelle Valley
Regina Qu'Appelle Valley was a provincial electoral district for the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan, Canada. This district included the Regina neighbourhoods of  Fairways West, Lakeridge, Sherwood Estates, and Lakewood. It also included the communities of Pense and Grand Coulee.

This riding was created for the 22nd Saskatchewan general election out of the former constituency of Qu'Appelle-Lumsden.
The Flame Knife
The Flame Knife is a 1955 fantasy novella by American writers Robert E. Howard and L. Sprague de Camp, featuring Howard's  sword and sorcery hero Conan the Barbarian.

It was revised by de Camp from Howard's original story, a then-unpublished oriental tale featuring Francis X. Gordon titled "Three-Bladed Doom". De Camp changed the names of the characters, added the fantastic element, and recast the setting into Howard's Hyborian Age. The story was first published in the hardbound collection Tales of Conan (Gnome Press, 1955), and subsequently appeared in the paperback collection Conan the Wanderer (Lancer Books, 1968), as part of which it has been translated into German, Japanese, Spanish, Dutch, and Italian. It was published by itself in paperback book form by Ace Books in 1981, in an edition profusely illustrated by Esteban Maroto.

Lancer Books
Lancer Books was a publisher of paperback books founded by Irwin Stein and Walter Zacharius that operated from 1961 through 1973. While it published stories of a number of genres, it was noted most for its science fiction and fantasy, particularly its 12 book series of Robert E. Howard's Conan the Barbarian tales, the first publication of many in paperback format. It published the controversial novel Candy by Terry Southern and Mason Hoffenberg, and Ted Mark's ribald series The Man from O.R.G.Y. Lancer paperbacks had a distinctive appearance, many bearing mauve or green page edging.
Ayaz (name)
Ayaz, Iyaz, or Ayas (Ottoman Turkish: ایاز, romanized: Ayāz; Turkish: Ayaz), meaning cool breeze, is both a surname and a masculine given name. The latter use was common in the Ghaznavid and Seljuk empires. The Turkic-origin Ayaz should not be confused with the Arabic-derived name Ayyad/Ayyaz (عیاض), though the latter is also sometimes transliterated as Ayaz, such as with Ayaz Marhoni or Ayaz Ishaqi. Notable people with the name include:

Ottoman Turkish alphabet
The Ottoman Turkish alphabet (Ottoman Turkish: الفبا, romanized: elifbâ) is a version of the Perso-Arabic script used to write Ottoman Turkish for over 600 years until 1928, when it was replaced by the Latin-based modern Turkish alphabet.

Though Ottoman Turkish was primarily written in this script, non-Muslim Ottoman subjects sometimes wrote it in other scripts, including Armenian, Greek, Latin and Hebrew alphabets.
Route 15 (Uruguay)
Route 15 is a national route of Uruguay. It crosses the Rocha Department from the city of La Paloma in the south, to the town of Cebollatí in the north.

By law 13505 of 4 October 1966, this route was designated by the name of Javier Barrios Amorín, in the section between the city of La Paloma and Route 9.

Rocha Department
Rocha (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈrotʃa]) is a department in the east of Uruguay. Its capital is the city of Rocha. It borders Maldonado Department to its west, Lavalleja Department to its northwest, Treinta y Tres Department to its north, while to its northeast Laguna Merín forms part of its border with Brazil and at the south end of the lake it also borders the southernmost end of Brazil, with the city of Chuy "shared" between both countries, the border passing through its main commercial avenue.

Rocha has natural beauties like Cabo Polonio, Valizas, Santa Teresa National Park. It is well known for its beach resorts, like Punta del Diablo or La Esmeralda, which swell with visitors during the summer holidays. Inland, the primary economy of Rocha is based on large cattle ranches.
Citizen (album)
Citizen is the debut full-length album by Army of Me. Its first single is "Going Through Changes", which appears on Burnout Dominator, Burnout Paradise, and MLB 06: The Show. The song "Better Run" is featured in ABC Family's Kyle XY in the episode "Primary Colors" originally aired on February 25, 2008.

Burnout Dominator
Burnout Dominator is a 2007 racing video game developed by EA UK and published by Electronic Arts for PlayStation 2 and PlayStation Portable. It retains the core gameplay of the series, as players race at top speeds through dozens of World Tour events testing "reckless skill-based" driving techniques.

This is the only Burnout game that was not developed by Criterion Games although the logo appears at the startup, and the first Burnout game in the series since Burnout 2: Point of Impact to not feature the "Crash Mode". At the time Dominator was being developed, Criterion was busy working on Burnout Paradise and was waiting to reintroduce the mode in a new form for the latter title, but Criterion Games are listed as "the makers of this game" in the game manual and credited as developer on the official Electronic Arts site. This was also the final Burnout game to be released on both the PlayStation 2 and PlayStation Portable.
2023 Red Sea International Film Festival
The 2023 Red Sea International Film Festival took place from November 30 to December 9, 2023, in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, and marked the third edition of the film festival. The Red Sea jury was headed by Baz Luhrmann; it selected 17 films from Asia, Africa, and the Arab world for competition. In Flames, directed Zarrar Kahn, won the Golden Yusr for best feature film.

In addition to screening films for competition, the film festival also hosted talks and discussions, galas and parties, and other events for the industry, most of which were held at the Ritz-Carlton.

The Ritz-Carlton Hotel Company
The Ritz-Carlton Hotel Company, LLC is an American multinational company that operates the luxury hotel chain known as The Ritz-Carlton. The company has 108 luxury hotels and resorts in 30 countries and territories with 29,158 rooms, in addition to 46 hotels with 8,755 rooms planned for the future.

The current company was founded in 1983, when the previous owners sold the Ritz-Carlton brand name and the Ritz-Carlton hotel in Boston, Massachusetts. The brand was subsequently expanded to other locations. The company is currently a subsidiary of Marriott International.
Heather Horst
Heather A. Horst FAHA is a social anthropologist and media studies academic and author who writes on material culture, mobility, and the mediation of social relations. In 2020 she became the Director of the Institute for Culture and Society at Western Sydney University where she is a Professor and is also a lead investigator in the ARC Centre of Excellence for Automated Decision-Making and Society. Prior to this she was a professor of Media and Communications at the University of Sydney from 2017 and Vice Chancellor's Senior Research Fellow in the School of Media and Communication at RMIT University in Melbourne, Australia from 2011. She has also been a Research Fellow in the MA program in digital anthropology at University College London.

Social anthropology
Social anthropology is the study of patterns of behaviour in human societies and cultures. It is the dominant constituent of anthropology throughout the United Kingdom and much of Europe, where it is distinguished from cultural anthropology. In the United States, social anthropology is commonly subsumed within cultural anthropology or sociocultural anthropology.
Monte Viso Tunnel
The Monte Viso Tunnel (Italian: Buco di Viso; French: Pertuis du Viso) is an Alpine pedestrian tunnel excavated in the rock during the Renaissance and located eight kilometres north of Monviso (Cottian Alps), northern Italy. It is 75 m long, 3 m wide, and located at an altitude of 2,882 metres linking the villages of Crissolo in the modern Italian province of Cuneo and Ristolas in the French department of Hautes-Alpes.

Opened in 1479, it is one of the oldest tunnels in Italy and may be one of the oldest in all of Europe.

Ristolas
Ristolas is a former commune in the Hautes-Alpes department in southeastern France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the new commune of Abriès-Ristolas. The village lies in the Queyras, in the northwestern part of the commune, on the left bank of the Guil, which has its source in the southeastern part of the commune.
Bert Jenkins
Thomas Bertie "Bert" Jenkins (first ¼ 1885 – 4 February 1943) was a Welsh rugby union, and professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1900s, 1910s and 1920s. He played club level rugby union (RU) for Troedyrhiw RFC and Mountain Ash RFC, and representative level rugby league (RL) for Great Britain, Wales and Lancashire, and at club level for Wigan, as a centre.

Central Park (Wigan)
Central Park was a rugby league stadium in Wigan, England, which was the home of Wigan RLFC before the club moved to the JJB Stadium in 1999. Its final capacity was 18,000. The site is now a Tesco supermarket and car park.
Adriana Crispo
Adriana Crispo (d. after 1537) was a noblewoman of the Crispo family, lady of Ios, Therasia (1508–1537) and Antiparos (1528–1537) in the Cyclades. She was one of the last rulers before the conquest of the Ottoman Empire.

Cyclades
The Cyclades (/ˈsɪklədiːz/; Greek: Κυκλάδες, romanized: Kykládes, IPA: [ciˈkla.ðes]) are an island group in the Aegean Sea, southeast of mainland Greece and a former administrative prefecture of Greece. They are one of the island groups which constitute the Aegean archipelago. The name (Κυκλάδες νήσοι, Kykládes nísoi, 'encircling islands') refers to the archipelago forming a circle around the sacred island of Delos. The largest island of the Cyclades is Naxos; the most populated, however, is Syros.
Apple Desktop Bus
Apple Desktop Bus (ADB) is a proprietary bit-serial peripheral bus connecting low-speed devices to computers. It was introduced on the Apple IIGS in 1986 as a way to support low-cost devices like keyboards and mice, enabling them to be connected together in a daisy chain without the need for hubs or other devices. Apple Desktop Bus was quickly introduced on later Macintosh models, on later models of NeXT computers, and saw some other third-party use as well. Like the similar PS/2 connector used in many PC-compatibles at the time, Apple Desktop Bus was rapidly replaced by USB as that system became popular in the late 1990s; the last external Apple Desktop Bus port on an Apple product was in 1999, though it remained as an internal-only bus on some Mac models into the 2000s.

Proprietary hardware
Proprietary hardware is computer hardware whose interface is controlled by the proprietor, often under patent or trade-secret protection.

Historically, most early computer hardware was designed as proprietary until the 1980s, when IBM PC changed this paradigm. Earlier, in the 1970s, many vendors tried to challenge IBM's monopoly in the mainframe computer market by reverse engineering and producing hardware components electrically compatible with expensive equipment and (usually) able to run the same software. Those vendors were nicknamed plug compatible manufacturers (PCMs).