hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Eastwood, Nottinghamshire
Eastwood is a town and civil parish in the Broxtowe district of Nottinghamshire, England, 9 miles (14 km) northwest of Nottingham. Mentioned in Domesday Book, it expanded rapidly during the Industrial Revolution. The Midland Railway was formed here and it is the birthplace of D. H. Lawrence.

Heanor
Heanor (/ˈhiːnə/) is a town in the Amber Valley district of Derbyshire, England. It lies 8 miles (13 km) north-east of Derby and forms, with the adjacent village of Loscoe, the civil parish and town council-administered area of Heanor and Loscoe, which had a population of 17,251 in the 2011 census.
Ludwig Hirzel (historian)
Ludwig Hirzel (23 February 1838 – 1 June 1897) was a Swiss literary historian born in Zürich. His father, also named Ludwig Hirzel (1801–1841) was a professor of theology at the University of Zürich.

In 1862 he earned his doctorate from the University of Zürich. Afterwards he served as a secondary school teacher in Frauenfeld (1862) and at the cantonal school in Aarau (1866). In 1874 he became a professor of German language and literature at the University of Berne, a position he maintained until his death in 1897.

Among Hirzel's literary output were books on famous writers such as Goethe, Schiller and Wieland. He was the author of acclaimed editions of Albrecht von Haller's poetry (1882) and diaries (1883). He also penned an essay on Swiss mathematician Conrad Dasypodius, and published editions of Wieland's Geschichte der Gelehrtheit (History of the Scholars) and Beziehungen zu den deutschen Romantikern (Connections to the German Romanticists).

Frauenfeld
Frauenfeld (Swiss Standard German pronunciation: [ˈfraʊənˌfɛld] ⓘ; Alemannic German: Frauefäld) is the capital (German: Hauptort) of the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland.
The official language of Frauenfeld is (the Swiss variety of Standard) German, but the main spoken language is the local variant of the Alemannic Swiss German dialect.
Stanley M. Horton
Stanley Monroe Horton (May 6, 1916 – July 12, 2014), was an American Renewal theologian within the Pentecostal movement and the author of numerous books. He served as the senior editorial advisor for the Modern English Version Bible, and he was Distinguished Professor Emeritus of Bible and Theology at the Assemblies of God USA, Springfield, Missouri.

His degrees included Bachelor of Science from the University of California at Berkeley, an M. Div. from Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary, an S.T.M. from Harvard University, and a Th.D. from Central Baptist Theological Seminary.  He was an ordained minister in the Assemblies of God.

Gordon–Conwell Theological Seminary
Gordon–Conwell Theological Seminary (GCTS) is an evangelical seminary with its main campus in Hamilton, Massachusetts, and three other campuses in Boston, Massachusetts; Charlotte, North Carolina; and Jacksonville, Florida. According to the Association of Theological Schools, Gordon-Conwell ranks as one of the largest evangelical seminaries in North America in terms of total number of full-time students enrolled.
John Clarke (British Army officer)
Sir John Clarke KCB (1787–1854) was an Anglo-Irish officer in the British Army who became a General in the Spanish Army.

One of the sons of the Rev. Marshal Clarke, a Church of Ireland clergyman, by his marriage to Elizabeth Hare, Clarke was educated at Abbey School, Tipperary, in County Tipperary, Ireland. Joining the British Army, he was commissioned into the 45th Regiment and later served with the 5th Dragoon Guards. On active service in the Peninsular Wars, he was captured by the French but escaped. He became an Aide-de-Camp to General Ballain Dovis.  He gained the rank of General in the Spanish Army and was appointed to an Order of knighthood by Charles III of Spain. After being appointed also a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath he died in 1854 in Wales, unmarried.

He was a great-uncle of the explorer Thomas Alexander Barns.

Tipperary (town)
Tipperary (/ˌtɪpəˈrɛəri/; Irish: Tiobraid Árann, meaning 'well of the Ara'), commonly known as Tipperary Town, is a town and a civil parish in County Tipperary, Ireland. It had a population of 4,979 as of the 2016 census. It is also an ecclesiastical parish in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cashel and Emly, and is in the historical barony of Clanwilliam. The town gave its name to County Tipperary.
Astrohydra
Astrohydra is a genus of freshwater hydrozoans in the family Olindiidae. Like all members of that family, they have a polyp phase and a medusa phase. The genus is monotypic, including only the species Astrohydra japonica.

Medusozoa
Medusozoa is a clade in the phylum Cnidaria, and is often considered a subphylum. It includes the classes Hydrozoa, Scyphozoa, Staurozoa and Cubozoa, and possibly the parasitic Polypodiozoa. Medusozoans are distinguished by having a medusa stage in their often complex life cycle, a medusa typically being an umbrella-shaped body with stinging tentacles around the edge. With the exception of some Hydrozoa (and Polypodiozoa), all are called jellyfish in their free-swimming medusa phase.
A Leaf
A Leaf is a classical piece written by Paul McCartney, with assistance from John Fraser, and performed by Anya Alexeyev on piano. The piece is split into 7 parts. It was recorded live in front of Prince Charles as part of the "An Evening with Paul McCartney & Friends" concert, on 23 March 1995 at Royal College of Music, and it was debuted on US radio as part of a radio special titled Classical McCartney.

An orchestral version, performed by the London Symphony Orchestra, appears on McCartney's 1999 album Working Classical. Another orchestral version was recorded on 23 July 1996, at AIR Studios, in London, but remains unreleased.

An original arrangement for piano duet of A Leaf is part of the album British Music for Piano Four Hands.  Commissioned by XXI-21 Productions Inc., this album was recorded in 2009 by Duo Caron, on Fazioli piano, at the Bon-Pasteur Chapel in Montreal, Canada.

Royal College of Music
The Royal College of Music (RCM) is a conservatoire established by royal charter in 1882, located in South Kensington, London, UK. It offers training from the undergraduate to the doctoral level in all aspects of Western Music including performance, composition, conducting, music theory and history, and has trained some of the most important figures in international music life. The RCM also conducts research in performance practice and performance science.

The RCM has over 900 students from more than 50 countries, with professors who include many who are musicians with worldwide reputations.

The college is one of the four conservatories of the Associated Board of the Royal Schools of Music and a member of Conservatoires UK. Its buildings are directly opposite the Royal Albert Hall on Prince Consort Road, next to Imperial College and among the museums and cultural centres of Albertopolis.
Athletics at the 1979 Pan American Games – Women's high jump
The women's high jump competition of the athletics events at the 1979 Pan American Games took place on 13 July at the Estadio Sixto Escobar. The defending Pan American Games champion was Joni Huntley of the United States.

Joni Huntley
Joni Luann Huntley (born August 4, 1956) is an American high jumper. She competed at the 1976 and 1984 Olympics and won a bronze medal in 1984, placing fifth in 1976. At the Pan American Games she won a gold medal in 1975 and a bronze in 1983. She was ranked as third-best high jumper in the world in 1975. Domestically she won the national title in 1974–77 and set four American records in 1974–75.
Compañía Primitiva de Gas de Buenos Aires Ltda.
Compañía Primitiva de Gas de Buenos Aires Ltda. was an energy company in Argentina which was responsible for the production and supply of gas and electricity. The company of British origin, operated in the city of Buenos Aires between 1854 and 1945. It was the first energy company of the country.

Gas
Gas is a state of matter with neither fixed volume nor fixed shape. It is a compressible form of fluid, in contrast to a liquid. A pure gas consists of individual atoms (e.g. a noble gas like neon), or molecules (e.g. oxygen (O2) or carbon dioxide). Pure gases can also be mixed together such as in the air. What distinguishes gases from liquids and solids is the vast separation of the individual gas particles. This separation can make some gases invisible to the human observer.

The gaseous state of matter occurs between the liquid and plasma states, the latter of which provides the upper-temperature boundary for gases. Bounding the lower end of the temperature scale lie degenerative quantum gases which are gaining increasing attention.
High-density atomic gases super-cooled to very low temperatures are classified by their statistical behavior as either Bose gases or Fermi gases. For a comprehensive listing of these exotic states of matter, see list of states of matter.
A Day for a Miracle
A Day for a Miracle (German: Das Wunder von Kärnten, lit. 'The wonder of Carinthia') is a 2011 film directed by Andreas Prochaska in 2011 and produced by Rowboat Film- und Fernsehproduktion and Graf Film for public German TV channel ZDF and Austrian ORF. The film is based on real events, telling the story of a three-year-old girl from Austria, who fell into the lake behind her parents' house in 1998, and had been under water for 30 minutes when she was found. Nobody believed she had a chance at survival when the young cardiovascular surgeon Dr. Markus Thalmann takes up the seemingly hopeless fight for the young girl's life. His rescue has written medical history. The screenplay was written by Christoph Silber and Thorsten Wettcke.

The film premiered at the 2011 Filmfest Hamburg, and later showed in television in Germany and Austria.

Filmfest Hamburg
FILMFEST HAMBURG is an international film festival in Hamburg, the third-largest of its kind in Germany (after Berlin and Munich). It shows national and international feature and documentary films in eleven sections. The range of the program stretches from art house films to innovative mainstream cinema, presenting the first feature films of young unknown directors together with films by internationally established directors. In 2017 more than 40,000 people attended 250 screenings of 141 films.

Albert Wiederspiel has been the director of the festival since 2003.
Étienne de La Boétie
Étienne or Estienne de La Boétie (French: [etjɛn d(ə) la bɔesi] ⓘ, also [bwati] or [bɔeti]; Occitan: Esteve de La Boetiá; 1 November 1530 – 18 August 1563) was a French magistrate, classicist, writer, poet and political theorist, best remembered for his friendship with essayist Michel de Montaigne. His early political treatise Discourse on Voluntary Servitude was posthumously adopted by the Huguenot movement and is sometimes seen as an early influence on modern anti-statist, utopian and civil disobedience thought.

Anti-statism
Anti-statism is an approach to social, economic or political philosophy that opposes the influence of the state over society. It emerged in reaction to the formation of modern sovereign states, which anti-statists considered to work against the interests of the people. During the 19th century, anarchists formulated a critique of the state that upheld the inherently cooperative and decentralised aspects of human society. In the 20th century, anti-state neoliberals sought to cut state investment in the public sector and expand investment in the private sector. Other anti-state social movements sought to overthrow states through guerrilla warfare or limit states by establishing autonomous local institutions.
Tobi 16
Tobi 15 – Coptic calendar – Tobi 17

The sixteenth day of the Coptic month of Tobi, the fifth month of the Coptic year. On a common year, this day corresponds to January 11, of the Julian calendar, and January 24, of the Gregorian calendar.

This day falls in the Coptic season of Shemu, the season of the Harvest.

Season of the Harvest
The Season of the Harvest or Low Water was the third and final season of the lunar and civil Egyptian calendars. It fell after the Season of the Emergence (Prt) and before the spiritually dangerous intercalary month (Ḥryw Rnpt), after which the New Year's festivities began the Season of the Inundation (Ꜣḫt). In the Coptic and Egyptian calendars this season begins at the start of the month of Pashons (about 9 May), continues through the months of Paoni and Epip, before concluding at the end of Mesori (about 5 September).: 453

The festival known as Sham Ennessim, is often claimed to have originated from Shemu. Sham Ennessim is an official holiday in modern Egypt. Earlier Egyptian šm.w and its Coptic successor ϣⲱⲙ relate to the name of a season in Egyptian, not a specific festival.
Ariga
有賀 is a Japanese surname, read as either Ariga or Aruga. Notable people with the surname include:

Akiko Aruga (有賀 秋子, born 1942), Japanese speed skater

Katsuhiko Ariga (有賀 克彦, born 1962), Japanese chemist

Kōsaku Aruga (有賀 幸作, 1897–1945), or less often by the alternate reading Kosaku Ariga, captain in the Imperial Japanese Navy

Nagao Ariga (有賀 長雄, 1860–1921), or Nagao Aruga, Japanese jurist and historian

Nobuo Ariga (有賀 啓雄, 1964–2023), also known as Hiroo Ariga (有賀 啓夫), Japanese singer-songwriter, bassist, arranger and record producer

Nagao Ariga
Nagao Ariga also spelled Nagao Aruga (有賀 長雄; 13 November 1860 – 17 June 1921) was a Japanese legal expert during the Meiji period. In addition to law, he also studied sociology at Tokyo Imperial University. During the Sino-Japanese war, he advised Field-Marshall Ōyama Iwao on issues of international law. In 1913 he accepted the invitation by Yuan Shikai, to prepare a draft constitution for the new Chinese republic, together with Ushikichi Nakae (中江 丑吉). Ariga doubted that China was ready to implement a liberal democracy and recommended a balance between monarchy and republic.

Ariga also worked as a translator.
Rob Tornoe
Rob Tornoe is a cartoonist and writer, and is one of the last remaining sports cartoonists on staff at a newspaper. His sports cartoons appear in The Philadelphia Inquirer. He is also a political cartoonist and his cartoons appear in WHYY-FM, The Press of Atlantic City', The News Journal, and others. He has drawn political spoofs ranging from Al Gore to Peanuts. In addition to cartooning, Tornoe writes for Editor & Publisher and Poynter Institute about the media and the business of syndication.

Poynter Institute
The Poynter Institute for Media Studies is a nonprofit journalism school and research organization in St. Petersburg, Florida, United States. The school is the owner of the Tampa Bay Times newspaper and the International Fact-Checking Network. It also operates the fact-checking website PolitiFact.
Sakai–Kasahara scheme
The Sakai–Kasahara scheme, also known as the Sakai–Kasahara key encryption algorithm (SAKKE), is an identity-based encryption (IBE) system proposed by Ryuichi Sakai and Masao Kasahara in 2003. Alongside the Boneh–Franklin scheme, this is one of a small number of commercially implemented identity-based encryption schemes. It is an application of pairings over elliptic curves and finite fields. A security proof for the algorithm was produced in 2005 by Chen and Cheng. SAKKE is described in Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) RFC 6508.

As a specific method for identity-based encryption, the primary use case is to allow anyone to encrypt a message to a user when the sender only knows the public identity (e.g. email address) of the user. In this way, this scheme removes the requirement for users to share public certificates for the purpose of encryption.

Use case
In both software and systems engineering, a use case is a structured description of a system’s behavior as it responds to requests from external actors, aiming to achieve a specific goal. The term is also used outside software/systems engineering to describe how something can be used.

In software (and software-based systems) engineering, it is used to define and validate functional requirements. A use case is a list of actions or event steps typically defining the interactions between a role (known in the Unified Modeling Language (UML) as an actor) and a system to achieve a goal. The actor can be a human or another external system. In systems engineering, use cases are used at a higher level than within software engineering, often representing missions or stakeholder goals. The detailed requirements may then be captured in the Systems Modeling Language (SysML) or as contractual statements.
All-Japan Prefectural and Municipal Workers' Union
The All-Japan Prefectural and Municipal Workers' Union (Japanese: 全日本自治団体労働組合, Jichiro) is a trade union representing local government workers in Japan.

The union was established in January 1954, with the merger of two smaller unions of local government workers.  It was affiliated with the General Council of Trade Unions of Japan and grew rapidly, attaining 559,397 members by 1967.  By 1987, it was the largest union in the country, with 1,257,000 members.  In 1989, it became affiliated with the Japanese Trade Union Confederation. Members who objected to this affiliation left and formed the rival Japan Federation of Prefectural and Municipal Workers' Unions.

The union absorbed the National Union of General Workers in 2006 and the All Japan Municipal Transport Workers' Union in 2013.  Despite this, by 2020, its membership had declined to 785,445, though it was still Japan's second-largest union.

RENGO
The Japanese Trade Union Confederation (日本労働組合総連合会, Nihon Rōdōkumiai Sōrengōkai; abbreviated JTUC), commonly known as RENGO (連合, Rengō; lit. 'union'), is the largest national trade union center in Japan, with over six million members as of 2011. It was founded in 1989 as a result of the merger of the Japan Confederation of Labor (Dōmei), the Federation of Independent Unions (Chūritsu Rōren) and the National Federation Of Industrial Organisations (Shinsanbetsu). In 1990, the General Council of Trade Unions of Japan (Sohyo) also joined RENGO.

As of July 2012, RENGO has 54 affiliate unions and 47 local organizations.
Remus Teodorescu
Remus Teodorescu (02.06.1965) is a professor of Energy Technology at Aalborg University. He holds a degree from 1989 in electrical engineering from the Politehnica University of Bucharest in Romania. In 1994 he received a Ph.D. degree in power electronics from the University of Galati in Romania.

Aalborg University
Aalborg University (AAU) is an international public university with campuses in Aalborg, Esbjerg, and Copenhagen, Denmark. Founded in 1974, the university awards bachelor's degrees, master's degrees, and PhD degrees in a wide variety of subjects within humanities, social sciences, information technology, design, engineering, exact sciences, and medicine.
Lancelot Addison (Archdeacon of Dorset)
The Ven. Lancelot Farquharson Addison (26 March 1886 – 18 November 1955) was an Anglican priest who was Archdeacon of Dorset from 1948 to 1955.

He was born in Keighley, Yorkshire to Rev. James Salmon Addison, the then-vicar of  Holy Trinity Church in Keighley; and Georgiana Harrison Addison. He was educated at Leeds Grammar School. After a year of studying at University College, Durham, Addison continued his education at Lichfield Theological College. He was ordained in 1911. Following  curacies in Stafford, King's Cross and Brighouse he was Vicar of St Thomas, Halifax and then Cranborne before his Archdeacon's appointment. He was appointed Treasurer of Salisbury Cathedral shortly before his death in November 1955, aged 69.

Stafford
Stafford (/ˈstæfərd/) is a market town and the county town of Staffordshire, England. It is located about 15 miles (24 km) south of Stoke-on-Trent, 15 miles (24 km) north of Wolverhampton and 24 miles (39 km) north-west of Birmingham. The town had a population of 71,673 at the 2021 census, and is the main settlement within the larger Borough of Stafford, which had a population of 136,837 in 2021.

Stafford has Anglo-Saxon roots, being founded in 913, when Æthelflæd, Lady of the Mercians, founded a defensive burh; it became the county town of Staffordshire soon after. Stafford became an important market town in the Middle Ages and later grew into an important industrial town, due to the proliferation of shoemaking, engineering and electrical industries.
FC Mauerwerk
Fußballclub Mauerwerk is an Austrian association football club from the capital city of Vienna.  From September 2014 to June 2018, the club played under the name FC Karabakh Wien. Currently playing in the Regionalliga Ost and plays their home games at the Rudolf-Tonn-Stadion in Schwechat.

Austrian 2. Landesliga
The Austrian 2. Landesliga is the fifth tier of football in Austria. It is divided among the Austrian states by one or more conferences. The champions of each conference are promoted to the Landesliga.
Warren Brandt (artist)
Warren Brandt (February 26, 1918 – May 5, 2002) was an American painter who made significant contributions to modern realism. As an educator, he played a pioneering role in establishing formal art programs at several state universities in the American South and Midwest during the1950s. While his early career showed influences of abstract expressionism, he later developed a distinctive figurative style inspired by Henri Matisse. Brandt specialized in domestic scenes and still lifes, characterized by vibrant colors and carefully structured compositions. His work is held in numerous art institutions and private collections across the United States.

American realism
American realism was a movement in art, music and literature that depicted contemporary social realities and the lives and everyday activities of ordinary people. The movement began in literature in the mid-19th century, and became an important tendency in visual art in the early 20th century. Whether a cultural portrayal or a scenic view of downtown New York City, American realist works attempted to define what was real.

In the U.S. at the beginning of the 20th century a new generation of painters, writers and journalists were coming of age. Many of the painters felt the influence of older U.S. artists such as Thomas Eakins, Mary Cassatt, John Singer Sargent, James McNeill Whistler, Winslow Homer, Childe Hassam, J. Alden Weir, Thomas Pollock Anshutz, and William Merritt Chase. However they were interested in creating new and more urbane works that reflected city life and a population that was more urban than rural in the U.S. as it entered the new century.
Qin Hui
Qin Hui or Qin Kuai (January 17, 1091 – November 18, 1155),  was a Song dynasty Chinese politician and grand chancellor during the reign of Emperor Gaozong.

Qin Hui was a contemporary of Yue Fei, a national hero and general who fought for the Song against the Jin dynasty during the Jin–Song Wars, and whom he considered a political enemy. Modern Chinese historians consider Qin to be a traitor for his part in the persecution and execution of Yue.

He was also nicknamed "Long-legged Qin" (Chinese: 秦長腿).

Ji Gong
Daoji (Chinese: 道濟, 22 December 1130 – 16 May 1209, born Li Xiuyuan), popularly known as Jigong (Chinese: 濟公), was a Chan Buddhist monk who lived in the Southern Song. He purportedly possessed supernatural powers through Buddhist practice, which he used to help the poor and stand up to injustice. However, he was also known for his wild and eccentric behavior and did not follow Buddhist monastic rules by consuming alcohol and meat. By the time of his death, Daoji had become a legend in Chinese culture and a deity in Chinese folk religion. He is mentioned by Buddhists in folktales and gong'an, and sometimes invoked by oracles to assist in worldly affairs.