hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
OpenBUGS
OpenBUGS is a software application for the Bayesian analysis of complex statistical models using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods. OpenBUGS is the open source variant of WinBUGS (Bayesian inference Using Gibbs Sampling). It runs under Microsoft Windows and Linux, as well as from inside the R statistical package. Versions from v3.0.7 onwards have been designed to be at least as efficient and reliable as WinBUGS over a range of test applications.

Statistical model
A statistical model is a mathematical model that embodies a set of statistical assumptions concerning the generation of sample data (and similar data from a larger population). A statistical model represents, often in considerably idealized form, the data-generating process. When referring specifically to probabilities, the corresponding term is probabilistic model. All statistical hypothesis tests and all statistical estimators are derived via statistical models. More generally, statistical models are part of the foundation of statistical inference. A statistical model is usually specified as a mathematical relationship between one or more random variables and other non-random variables.  As such, a statistical model is "a formal representation of a theory" (Herman Adèr quoting Kenneth Bollen).
Libertarian Republican
In American politics, a Libertarian Republican or Republitarian is a politician or Republican Party member who has advocated libertarian policies while typically voting for and being involved with the Republican Party.

Justin Amash
Justin A. Amash (/əˈmɑːʃ/ ə-MAHSH; born April 18, 1980) is an American lawyer and politician who served as the U.S. representative for Michigan's 3rd congressional district from 2011 to 2021. He was the second Palestinian American and Syrian American member of Congress. Originally a Republican, Amash became an independent in 2019. He joined the Libertarian Party the following year, leaving Congress in January 2021 as the only Libertarian to serve in Congress. Amash returned to the Republican Party in 2024.

Amash received national attention when he became the first Republican congressman to call for the impeachment of Donald Trump, a position he maintained after leaving the party.

Amash formed an exploratory committee to seek the Libertarian Party presidential nomination in the 2020 election, before announcing in May of that year that he would not run for president. He did not seek reelection to Congress in 2020.
Listed buildings in Cuddington, Cheshire
Cuddington is a civil parish in Cheshire West and Chester, England.  It contains 15 buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England as designated listed buildings, all of which are listed at Grade II.  This grade is the lowest of the three gradings given to listed buildings and is applied to "buildings of national importance and special interest".  In the parish are two villages, Cuddington and Sandiway, which are contiguous.  The architect John Douglas was born in the village of Sandiway, and seven of the buildings in the list were designed by him, including the village church and its lychgate.

Lychgate
A lychgate (from Old English līc, corpse) or resurrection gate is a covered gateway found at the entrance to a traditional English or English-style churchyard. Examples also exist outside the British Isles in places such as Canada, the Upland South and Texas in the United States, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Norway, and Sweden.
Theo W. Jandrell
Theodore Walter Jandrell (also known as Theo W. Jandrell) (19 August 1888 in Richmond Northern Cape – 1968) was a South African teacher, principal of the Volksrust Primary School, educationist, schools inspector, and prolific Afrikaans poet and folksong writer.

Jandrell was a major contributor to the FAK Volksangbundel, a compendium of Afrikaans songs with music first published in 1937. His lyrics drew inspiration from songwriters such as Stephen Foster and traditional European and American melodies. His "Bolandse Nooi'ntjie" was based on Foster's "Beautiful Dreamer".

Bolandse nooi'ntjie, stil is die nag,
soet is jou rus na die lang, lange dag!
Saans in my drome kom ek na jou,
smagtend na lonkies uit oë so blou.
Berge en dale kan ons nooit skei,
want in die droomland ontmoet jy vir my.

Volksrust
Volksrust is a town in the Mpumalanga province of South Africa near the KwaZulu-Natal provincial border, some 240 km southeast of Johannesburg, 53 km north of Newcastle and 80 km southeast of Standerton.
Dave Johnston (police officer)
David Johnston is a former senior officer of the Metropolitan Police Service  he served between 2004 -2008 as Commander of the Homicide and Serious Crime Command and as a hostage negotiator.

He was awarded the Queen's Police Medal in the 2008 Birthday Honours list.

Johnston previously served in Avon and Somerset Constabulary between 1979 and 2004  as Detective Chief Superintendent head of Crime and counter terrorism.

Prior to joining the police, Johnston served in the British Army with 59 Independent Commando Squadron Royal Engineers.

After leaving the police service in 2008 Johnston went on to work for the Foreign and Commonwealth Office on matters of national security. He was the Head of The National Technical Assistance Centre  between 2008 and 2016.

Since 2016 Johnston has worked as a private consultant on security matters.

Homicide and Major Crime Command
The Homicide and Major Crime Command (SCO 1) is an Operational Command Unit of the Metropolitan Police responsible for the investigation of homicide and other serious crimes in London. Most of their work was carried out by major investigation teams (MITs), of which there were 24. It was formerly known as the Homicide and Serious Crime Command (SCD 1).

As of May 2018, there were 722 personnel in SCO 1, including 540 police officers and 182 civilian staff.
Graphics BBS
Graphics BBS (GBBS) was a bulletin board system server developed from 1989 to 1992 by Eric Anderson as part of his thesis at Chisholm Institute of Technology.  Although it had superior graphics capabilities compared to RIP, it was harder to integrate into existing BBS's, and so was ultimately less popular.

GBBS allowed sending graphics defined by BASIC commands, as well as GIF images.  Since the images were cached between sessions, each image only needed to be downloaded once, so these connections were often as fast as a text BBS.

The software was primarily used around Melbourne until the Internet killed the old bulletin boards.

Monash University, Caulfield campus
Monash University, Caulfield campus is a campus of Monash University located in Caulfield East, which is a suburb of Melbourne, Australia, in the state of Victoria. The campus comprises 13,400 students of which 52.8% are female and 57.1% of students are enrolled in undergraduate courses.  Before its incorporation into Monash University, it was the Caulfield campus of Chisholm Institute of Technology, which was created from the union of the Caulfield Institute of Technology and State College of Victoria at Frankston.
Charlesworth (TV series)
Charlesworth is a British crime television series which first aired on BBC in 1959. A police procedural, it starred Wensley Pithey as Detective Superintendent Charlesworth, with Tony Church as Detective Sergeant Spence. It followed on from the previous year's Charlesworth at Large.

Other actors who appeared include Terence Alexander, Alfred Burke, Sheila Burrell, Naomi Chance, George Coulouris, Ina De La Haye, Edward Evans, John Forbes-Robertson, Willoughby Goddard, Jack Hedley, Mary Kerridge, Sam Kydd, Justine Lord, William Mervyn, Norman Mitchell, Lana Morris, Wally Patch, Leslie Perrins, Frank Pettingell, James Raglan, Robert Raglan, Arnold Ridley, Leonard Sachs, Barbara Shelley, Elizabeth Shepherd, Olive Sloane, Josephine Tewson, Austin Trevor, and Patrick Troughton.

Elizabeth Shepherd
Elizabeth Shepherd (born 12 August 1936) is an English character actress whose long career has encompassed the stage and both the big and small screens. Her television work has been especially prolific. Shepherd's surname has been variously rendered as "Shephard" and "Sheppard".
Lubin Stadium
The Lubin Stadium (Polish: Stadion w Lubinie), branded as KGHM Zagłębie Arena for sponsorship reasons, is a football stadium located in Lubin, Poland. It is the home ground of Zagłębie Lubin. The stadium holds 16,068 people.

The old multi-use stadium was built on 22 July 1985 with a capacity of 35,000. Construction of a new stadium started on 18 September 2007. Zagłębie played its first official match in the new stadium on 14 March 2009 against Górnik Łęczna. Only three stands were opened. The main stand was finished in 2010.

GKS Górnik Łęczna
Górniczy Klub Sportowy Górnik Łęczna (pronounced [ɡurˈɲit͡ʂɨ ˈklup spɔrˈtɔvɨ ˈɡurɲik ˈwɛnt͡ʂna]), commonly referred to as Górnik Łęczna, is a sports club based in Łęczna, Poland. It is best known for its men's professional football team, which competes in I liga, the second division in the Polish football league system. The club also fields teams in women's football and wrestling.
Rugby 2005
Rugby 2005 is a game in the Rugby series by EA Sports.  The game allows players to play as many Rugby nations, both major and minor, and includes many tournaments, such as the Rugby World Cup, the Tri Nations, the Six Nations, and the Super 12.

The newer version of this game is Rugby 06, also by EA Sports.  It also includes a fictional "World League" where teams from the Guinness Premiership, Celtic League, Top 14, Super 12, and other domestic leagues compete against each other in a three-stage promotion and regulation structure with a knock out cup also contested.  Commentary is provided by Ian Robertson and Murray Mexted.

Rugby 2005 is the first EA Rugby title for Xbox, while the Windows version was canceled in the US.

The Rugby Championship
The Rugby Championship, formerly known as the Tri Nations Series (1996–2011), is an international rugby union competition contested by Argentina, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. These are traditionally the four highest-ranked national teams in the Southern Hemisphere.

The competition is administered by SANZAAR, a consortium consisting of four national governing bodies: the South African Rugby Union (SARU), New Zealand Rugby (NZR), Rugby Australia (RA) and the Argentine Rugby Union (UAR). The inaugural Tri Nations Series tournament was in 1996, and was won by New Zealand. South Africa won their first title in 1998, and Australia their first in 2000. Following the last Tri Nations Series tournament in 2011, New Zealand had won ten championships, with South Africa and Australia on three titles each. The first Rugby Championship was won by New Zealand, who won all six of their matches.
Holland Codes
The Holland Codes or the Holland Occupational Themes (RIASEC) are a taxonomy of interests based on a theory of careers and vocational choice that was initially developed by American psychologist John L. Holland.

The Holland Codes serve as a component of the interests assessment, the Strong Interest Inventory. In addition, the US Department of Labor's Employment and Training Administration has been using an updated and expanded version of the RIASEC model in the "Interests" section of its free online database O*NET (Occupational Information Network) since its inception during the late 1990s.

Web developer
A web developer is a programmer who develops World Wide Web applications using a client–server model. The applications typically use HTML, CSS, and JavaScript in the client, and any general-purpose programming language in the server. HTTP is used for communications between client and server. A web developer may specialize in client-side applications (Front-end web development), server-side applications (back-end development), or both (full-stack development).
Bobkovo
Bobkovo (Russian: Бобково) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Bobkovsky Selsoviet, Rubtsovsky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 911 as of 2013. There are 15 streets.

Altai Krai
Altai Krai (Russian: Алтайский край, IPA: [ɐlˈtajskʲɪj kraj]) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai). It borders, clockwise from the west, Kazakhstan (East Kazakhstan Region, Abai Region and Pavlodar Region), Novosibirsk and Kemerovo, and the Altai Republic. Its administrative centre is the city of Barnaul. As of the 2021 Census, the population of the krai was 2,163,693.
The Street Called Straight (novel)
The Street Called Straight is a 1912 novel by the Canadian-American clergyman and author Basil King. Following the massive success of The Inner Shrine (1909) and The Wild Olive (1910), this novel further established King as one of the most popular novelists of the era. It was the best-selling book in the United States for the month of July 1912 and finished as the seventh best-selling book for the entire year.

The title is a Biblical allusion to the street in Damascus mentioned in the Acts of the Apostles (9:11), used metaphorically to describe the narrow and difficult path of moral rectitude and honor.

The Inner Shrine
The Inner Shrine is a 1917 American silent drama film produced by Jesse Lasky and distributed by Paramount Pictures. It is the first of only two films that starred Margaret Illington, a noted Broadway actress. The story is from a 1909 novel, The Inner Shrine, by Basil King, an author popular with actresses. The film is now lost.
Manyika people
The Manyika people are a Shona sub-group that originated from the Manyika Dynasty. Manyika people speak several dialects which include  ChiManyika (Northern Manyika), ChiBocha (Southern Manyika), ChiUngwe, ChiHera, Chijindwi and the Urban dialect which is spoken in urban centers like Mutare and Rusape.

The majority of Manyika come from the eastern region of Zimbabwe and western Mozambique. The dialect is widely spoken in Manicaland Province, upper parts of Mashonaland (Mutoko, Rushinga and Mudzi districts), Manica Province, Sofala, Tete and Zambezia. Those from Nyanga, Nyamaropa, Nyatate and surrounding regions speak the ChiManyika variant whereas those from the Buhera and Bocha areas spoke ChiHera and ChiBocha variants. There are inherent cultural norms in each of the sub-regions inhabited by the Manyika.

Bocha Chiefdom
Bocha is an area in Mutare, Zimbabwe also known as Marange under Chief Marange.[1]

There are diamonds and extensive deposits of gold and other minerals in Bocha.

Johane Marange is the many religious group in Bocha as well as other smaller religions such as Jehovah's Witnesses, Methodist, Anglican, and African Apostolics.[2]

Holy Ghost, Marange High, St Noah College, Maponde Primary, St Zachariah, St Abel, Mafararikwa Primary and Secondary, Nyangani, Mukunguma are some of the schools in Bocha.[3]

Save River forms the boundary between Bocha and Buhera also in Manicaland.

Highest point is Mount Mapembe at 1,200 m and lowest point is the confluence of Odzi river and Save River.[r4]

Benard Marange is a local Chief of the area.

High Priest NN Taguta the revered leader of Johane Marange Church
Ban Khor Sign Language
Ban Khor Sign Language (BKSL; Thai: ภาษามือบ้านค้อ) is a village sign language used by at least 400 people of a rice-farming community in the village of Ban Khor in a remote area of Isan (northeastern Thailand). Known locally as pasa kidd ('language of the mute'), it developed in the 1930s due to a high number of deaf people. Estimated number of users in 2009 was 16 deaf and approximately 400 hearing out of 2741 villagers. It is a language isolate, independent of the other sign languages of Thailand such as Old Bangkok Sign Language and the national Thai Sign Language.

Thai Sign Language is increasingly exerting an influence on BKSL. Younger Deaf attend distant residential Deaf schools where they learn Thai Sign Language. Even middle-aged hearing people are using Thai SL vocabulary mixed with BKSL. Attitudes favoring Thai SL over BKSL are beginning to be expressed.

Old Bangkok Sign Language
Bangkok Sign Language (also known as Old or Original Bangkok Sign Language; Thai: ภาษามือกรุงเทพเก่า, romanized: P̣hās̄ʹā mụ̄x krungtheph kèā)  is a deaf-community sign language of Thailand that arose among deaf people who migrated to Bangkok for work or family. 
The language is moribund, with all speakers born before 1960. Younger generations have switched to Thai Sign Language, which seems to have arisen as a mixture of Old Bangkok SL and American Sign Language.
Hop-o'-My-Thumb (film)
Hop-o'-My-Thumb (French: Le Petit Poucet) is a 2011 French fantasy drama film co-written and directed by Marina de Van. It is based on the  Charles Perrault's fairy tale of the same name.

The film premiered at the 68th edition of the Venice Film Festival, in the Horizons competition.

68th Venice International Film Festival
The 68th annual Venice International Film Festival was held from 31 August and 10 September 2011, at Venice Lido in Italy.

American filmmaker Darren Aronofsky was the jury president for the main competition. Italian actress Vittoria Puccini was the Host of the opening and closing ceremonies. The Golden Lion was awarded to Faust by Alexander Sokurov.

Italian filmmaker Marco Bellocchio received the Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement during the festival.

The festival opened with The Ides of March by George Clooney, and closed with Damsels in Distress by Whit Stillman.
Badger Green Bay Business College
The Badger Green Bay Business College (sometimes Badger-Green Bay Business College) was a private business school in Green Bay, Wisconsin, United States, which was forced to shut down by the Wisconsin Educational Approval Board at the end of 1973 after 105 years of operation, due to "inadequate facilities [and] obsolete equipment and curricula". By this time, enrollment was down to 16 students, which the school blamed on news stories in the Green Bay Press-Gazette.

Business school
A business school is a higher education institution or professional school that teaches courses leading to degrees in business administration or management.

A business school may also be referred to as school of business, school of management, management school, school of business administration, college of business, business college, or colloquially b-school or biz school.
Mohd Izhar Ahmad
Datuk Mohd Izhar bin Ahmad (born 1958) is a Malaysian politician who served as Member of the Johor State Executive Council (EXCO) in the Barisan Nasional (BN) state administration under Menteri Besar Hasni Mohammad from March 2020 to March 2022 and Member of the Johor State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Larkin from May 2018 to March 2022. He is a member of the National Trust Party (AMANAH), a component party of the Pakatan Harapan (PH) coalition and formerly a member of the Malaysian United Indigenous Party (BERSATU), a component party of the Perikatan Nasional (PN) coalition.

On 29 January 2022, Izhar announced that he had resigned from BERSATU citing a loss of confidence in party president Muhyiddin Yassin and would not seek for reelection as a Johor MLA for in the 2022 Johor state election and throwing his support behind BN. He was the second Johor MLA from PN-BERSATU to do so after Puteri Wangsa MLA, Mazlan Bujang.

Larkin (state constituency)
Larkin is a state constituency in Johor, Malaysia, that is represented in the Johor State Legislative Assembly.

The state constituency was first contested in 2018 and is mandated to return a single Assemblyman to the Johor State Legislative Assembly under the first-past-the-post voting system.
Statue of Luke Kelly, Dublin
The Statue of Luke Kelly is a large marble sculpted head of Irish folk singer Luke Kelly, with metal wire for hair. The statue is located at the north end of Luke Kelly Park (formerly Linear Park), near the junction of Sheriff Street Upper and Guild Street, Dublin 1.

Sheriff Street
Sheriff Street (Irish: Sráid an tSirriam) is a street in the north inner city of Dublin, Ireland, lying between East Wall and North Wall and often considered to be part of the North Wall area. It is divided into Sheriff Street Lower (west end) and Sheriff Street Upper (east end).
Literary prophets
The literary prophets is a name given to the Biblical figures who wrote down their prophecies and personal histories, rather than histories of the Israelites. By extension, the term is also sometimes used to refer to their writings, which mostly appear in the form of biblical poetry. In Judaism, the equivalent term Latter Prophets (Nevi'im Aharonim – נביאים אחרונים in Hebrew) is often used.

The majority of the writing of the literary prophets is self-attributed to just three individuals – Isaiah (the Book of Isaiah), Jeremiah (the Book of Jeremiah), and Ezekiel (the Book of Ezekiel). Textual scholars believe that these books were not written by their named authors. In particular, scholars believe that at least three authors wrote the Book of Isaiah, Deutero-Isaiah being one of the other contributors. The remaining literary prophets are traditionally known as the Minor Prophets, due to the size of their contributions.

Book of Ezekiel
The Book of Ezekiel is the third of the Latter Prophets in the Tanakh (Hebrew Bible) and one of the major prophetic books in the Christian Bible, where it follows Isaiah and Jeremiah. According to the book itself, it records six visions of the prophet Ezekiel, exiled in Babylon, during the 22 years from 593 to 571 BC. It is the product of a long and complex history and does not necessarily preserve the words of the prophet.

The visions and the book are structured around three themes: (1) judgment on Israel (chapters 1–24); (2) judgment on the nations (chapters 25–32); and (3) future blessings for Israel (chapters 33–48). Its themes include the concepts of the presence of God, purity, Israel as a divine community, and individual responsibility to God. Its later influence has included the development of mystical and apocalyptic traditions in Second Temple Judaism, Rabbinic Judaism, and Christianity.
Robert McDuffie
Robert McDuffie is an American violinist. He has played as a soloist with many of the major orchestras around the world including those of New York City, Los Angeles, Chicago, Montreal, Toronto, San Francisco, Philadelphia, Cleveland, Minnesota, Houston, St. Louis, Hamburg Symphony Orchestra, Leipzig Gewandhaus Orchestra, the North German Radio Symphony Orchestra, the Frankfurt Radio Orchestra, the Deutsche Kammerphilharmonie Bremen, Orchestra del Teatro alla Scala, Santa Cecilia Orchestra of Rome as well as the major orchestras of Australia and East Asia.

McDuffie has appeared on A&E's Breakfast with the Arts, CBS News Sunday Morning, NBC's The Today Show, PBS's Charlie Rose, National Public Radio, as well as the front page of The New York Times and The Wall Street Journal.

Orchestra dell'Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia
The Orchestra dell'Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia (Orchestra of the National Academy of Santa Cecilia) is an Italian symphony orchestra based in Rome. Resident at the Parco della Musica, the orchestra primarily performs its Rome concerts in the Sala Santa Cecilia.
Louis Mezzano
Louis A. Mezzano (June 21, 1918 – March 6, 1992) was an American politician who served in the Michigan House of Representatives from 1945 to 1960, representing the western portion of the state's Upper Peninsula (a district comprising Gogebic County and Ontonagon County). He later served as an official for the United States Customs Service.

Gogebic County, Michigan
Gogebic County (/ɡoʊˈɡiːbɪk/ goh-GHEE-bik or /ɡoʊˈɡɛbɪk/ goh-GHEH-bik) is a county in the Upper Peninsula of the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, the population was 14,380. The county seat is Bessemer. Gogebic County is the westernmost county in Michigan, and is one of four Michigan counties within the Central Time Zone. Gogebic County borders Wisconsin to the south, and has a shoreline on Lake Superior to the north.

Gogebic County has long been territory of the Lake Superior Chippewa. The Lac Vieux Desert Indian Reservation is located within Gogebic County.