hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Digital manufacturing
Digital manufacturing is an integrated approach to manufacturing that is centered around a computer system. The transition to digital manufacturing has become more popular with the rise in the quantity and quality of computer systems in manufacturing plants. As more automated tools have become used in manufacturing plants it has become necessary to model, simulate, and analyze all of the machines, tooling, and input materials in order to optimize the manufacturing process. Overall, digital manufacturing can be seen sharing the same goals as computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM), flexible manufacturing, lean manufacturing, and design for manufacturability (DFM). The main difference is that digital manufacturing was evolved for use in the computerized world.

As part of Manufacturing USA, Congress and the U.S. Department of Defense established MxD (Manufacturing x Digital), the nation's digital manufacturing institute, to speed adoption of these digital tools.

Manufacturing USA
Manufacturing USA (MFG USA), previously known as the National Network for Manufacturing Innovation, is a network of research institutes in the United States that focuses on developing manufacturing technologies through public-private partnerships among U.S. industry, universities, and federal government agencies. Modeled similar to Germany's Fraunhofer Institutes, the network currently consists of 16 institutes. The institutes work independently and together on a number of advanced technologies.
Szernie
Szernie [ˈʂɛrɲɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Orla, within Bielsk County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland.

It is in one of five Polish/Belarusian bilingual Gmina in Podlaskie Voivodeship regulated by the Act of 6 January 2005 on National and Ethnic Minorities and on the Regional Languages, which permits certain gminas with significant linguistic minorities to introduce a second, auxiliary language to be used in official contexts alongside Polish.

Bilingual municipalities in Poland
The bilingual status of gminas (municipalities) in Poland is regulated by the Act of 6 January 2005 on National and Ethnic Minorities and on the Regional Languages, which permits certain gminas with significant linguistic minorities to introduce a second, auxiliary language to be used in official contexts alongside Polish. So far 44 gminas have done this:
Bill Erickson
Bertil William Erickson (June 8, 1928 – September 21, 1987) was an NCAA All-American basketball player at the University of Illinois during a career that spanned from 1947 to 1950, and then a player in the National Professional Basketball League for the Saint Paul Lights.

Rockford University
Rockford University is a private university in Rockford, Illinois, United States.  It was founded in 1847 as Rockford Female Seminary and changed its name to Rockford College in 1892, and to Rockford University in 2013.
Kathleen Senior High School
Kathleen Senior High School is the second oldest of four high schools in Lakeland, Florida, United States.  It was originally housed north of its present location, at the site of the current Kathleen Middle School.

Secondary education in the United States
Secondary education is the last six or seven years of statutory formal education in the United States. It reaches the climax with twelfth grade (age 17–18). Whether it begins with sixth grade (age 11–12) or seventh grade (age 12–13) varies by state and sometimes by school district.

Secondary education in the United States occurs in two phases. The first, as classified by the International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED), is the lower secondary phase, either called a middle school or junior high school. A middle school is for students sixth grade, seventh grade and eighth grade and a junior high school is only for students in seventh and eighth grade.

The second is the ISCED upper secondary phase, a high school or senior high school for students ninth grade through twelfth grade. There is some debate over the optimum age of transfer, and variation in some states; also, middle school often includes grades that are almost always considered primary school.
XV Venice Challenge Save Cup – Doubles
Fabrício Neis and Caio Zampieri were the defending champions but chose to defend their title with different partners. Neis partnered Guillermo Durán but lost in the semifinals to Ken and Neal Skupski. Zampieri partnered Sergio Galdós but lost in the first round to Julian Ocleppo and Andrea Pellegrino.

Skupski and Skupski won the title after defeating Julian Knowle and Igor Zelenay 5–7, 6–4, [10–5] in the final.

Ken Skupski
Ken Skupski Jr. (born 9 April 1983) is a British former professional tennis player who specialised in doubles.

He reached his career-high ATP doubles ranking of world No. 44 in July 2010, and won seven titles on the ATP Tour, most notably the 2021 Mexican Open alongside younger brother Neal Skupski, with whom he regularly competed from 2013. Skupski is a three-time Grand Slam quarterfinalist, having reached this stage at the 2017 Wimbledon Championships in both men's and mixed doubles, and the 2020 Australian Open in men's doubles.

At the 2010 Commonwealth Games in Delhi, he won two medals representing England, silver in men's doubles with Ross Hutchins, and bronze in mixed doubles partnering Sarah Borwell. Skupski also represented Great Britain in the Davis Cup on two occasions in 2010.
Riho Breivel
Riho Breivel (born 26 August 1952, in Kohtla-Järve) is an Estonian politician. He has been member of XIV Riigikogu.

In 2005 he graduated from Tallinn University in organisational behaviour.

2002-2006 he was the director of Estonian Academy of Security Sciences' Border Guard College. 2007-2012 he was Ida-Viru County Governor.

Since 2018 he is a member of Estonian Conservative People's Party.

Tallinn University
Tallinn University (TLU; Estonian: Tallinna Ülikool, TLÜ) is a public research university in Estonia. Located in the centre of Tallinn, the capital city of Estonia, Tallinn University is one of the three largest institutions of higher education in the country. Both QS World University and Times Higher Education rankings place it among the top 1000 universities in the world.
Lisa Wegner
Lisa Wegner is a Canadian actress, filmmaker, performance artist, producer, film programmer and installation artist. She has been nominated twice for Canadian Comedy Awards for "best actress" in films she produced. Her film production company is Mighty Brave Productions. In 2005 she ran Zebra Pictures, a commercial production based in Toronto, Ontario.  Since a brain injury in 2008 she has been working in installation art, curating for Gallery1313, programming for the Regent Park Film Festival and mentoring various interns in art and film. In 2014 Lisa played The Agent in Will Kwan's triptych film Hammer Nail, commissioned for Toronto Reel Asian International Film Festival.

Production company
A production company, production house, or production studio is a studio that creates works in the fields of performing arts, new media art, film, television, radio, comics, interactive arts, video games, websites, music, and video. These groups consist of technical staff and members to 
produce the media, and are often incorporated as a commercial publisher.

Generally the term refers to all individuals responsible for the technical aspects of creating a particular product, regardless of where in the process their expertise is required, or how long they are involved in the project.  For example, in a theatrical performance, the production team has not only the running crew, but also the theatrical producer, designers, and theatrical direction.
John E. Carroll
John Edward Carroll (October 15, 1877 – February 22, 1955) was an American lawyer and politician. He served as the Mayor of Seattle from January 27, 1941, to March 27, 1941, after being appointed to finish the term of Arthur B. Langlie, who resigned to become Governor of Washington. He was succeeded by Earl Millikin, who was elected in March 1941.

Carroll was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, and served in the United States Army during World War I. He was a member of the Seattle City Council from 1919 to 1936 and from 1938 to 1945.

Caroll died on February 22, 1955, in Shelton, at the age of 77.

Seattle City Council
The Seattle City Council is the legislative body of the city of Seattle, Washington. The Council consists of nine members serving four-year terms, seven of which are elected by electoral districts and two of which are elected in citywide at-large positions; all elections are non-partisan. It has the responsibility of approving the city's budget, and passes all legislation related to the city's police, firefighting, parks, libraries, and electricity, water supply, solid waste, and drainage utilities.
The mayor of Seattle is not part of the council.
Mandaree School District
Mandaree School District No. 36 is a school district headquartered in Mandaree, North Dakota. It is on the Fort Berthold Indian Reservation.

It is in McKenzie and Dunn counties. It is also affiliated with the Bureau of Indian Education (BIE). It is also known as Mandaree Day School.

McKenzie County, North Dakota
McKenzie County is a county in the U.S. state of North Dakota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 14,704, and was estimated to be 14,782 in 2024, The county seat and largest city is Watford City. McKenzie County is also the largest county in North Dakota by land area, and is home to the North Unit of Theodore Roosevelt National Park.

The county lies immediately adjacent to the Williston Micropolitan Statistical Area, although the Census Bureau does not include McKenzie County in that grouping.
Coropassus
Coropassus or Koropassos (Ancient Greek: Κοροπασσός), also known as Coropissus or Koropissos (Κοροπισσός) as the name appears on its coins, was a town of ancient Lycaonia, inhabited in Roman times. Strabo says that the boundary between the Lycaonians and the Cappadocians is the tract between Coropassus in Lycaonia and Gareathyra, a small town of the Cappadocians. The distance between these two places was about 120 stadia. In the second of these two passages the name of the Cappadocian town is written Garsaura, which is the true name. The place is therefore near the western border of Cappadocia, south of the salt lake of Tatta. Adopissus in Ptolemy is probably the same place.

The town became a bishopric in the later Roman province of Isauria; no longer the seat of a residential bishop, under the name Coropissus, it remains a titular see of the Roman Catholic Church.

Its site is located near Akhan, Aksaray, Aksaray Province, Turkey.

Isauria
Isauria (/aɪˈzɔːriə/ or /aɪˈsɔːriə/; Ancient Greek: Ἰσαυρία), in ancient geography, is a rugged, isolated district in the interior of Asia Minor, of very different extent at different periods, but generally covering what is now the district of Bozkır and its surroundings in the Konya Province of Turkey, or the core of the Taurus Mountains. In its coastal extension it bordered on Cilicia.

It derives its name from the warlike Isaurian tribe and the twin settlements Isaura Palaea (Ἰσαυρα Παλαιά, Latin: Isaura Vetus 'Old Isaura') and Isaura Nea (Ἰσαυρα Νέα, Latin: Isaura Nova 'New Isaura').

The Isaurians were fiercely independent mountain people who marauded and created havoc in neighboring districts under Macedonian and Roman occupations.
Zboriv Raion
Zboriv Raion (Ukrainian: Зборівський район) was a raion (district) in Ternopil Oblast in western Ukraine. Its administrative center was Zboriv. The raion was abolished on 18 July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Ternopil Oblast to three. The area of Zboriv Raion was merged into Ternopil Raion. The last estimate of the raion population was 39,947 (2020 est.).

At the time of disestablishment, the raion consisted of three hromadas:

Ozerna rural hromada with the administration in the village of Ozerna;

Zaliztsi settlement hromada with the administration in the urban-type settlement of Zaliztsi;

Zboriv urban hromada with the administration in Zboriv.

Part of the raion was merged with the city of Ternopil, into Ternopil urban hromada.

Local government — Zboriv District State Administration.

Zaliztsi settlement hromada
Zaliztsi settlement hromada (Ukrainian: Залозецька селищна територіальна громада, romanized: Zalozetska selyshchna terytorialna hromada is a hromada in Ukraine, in Ternopil Raion of Ternopil Oblast. The administrative center is the urban-type settlement of Zaliztsi. Its population is 10,402 (2022 estimate)

It was formed on 14 September 2016 by amalgamation of Zaliztsi town council and Bilohovy, Hai-za-Rudoiu, Ratyshche, Seretets, Trostianets, Chystopady rural councils of Zboriv Raion.
Edward Cox (Australian politician)
Edward Cox (died 18 May 1868) was an English-born Australian politician.

He was the son of military officer William Cox and Rebecca Upjohn, and he migrated to New South Wales in 1800 with his family. He married Jane Maria Brooks; a son, Edward King Cox, would also serve in the New South Wales Parliament. Edward Cox inherited the semi-complete Fernhill at Mulgoa from his father, and also had a number of squatting properties. He was a non-elective member of the New South Wales Legislative Council from 1851 to 1855, and a member of the reconstituted Council from 1866 until his death in 1868.

Squatting (Australian history)
In the history of Australia, squatting was the act of occupying tracts of Crown land, typically to graze livestock. Though most squatters initially held no legal rights to the land they occupied, the majority were gradually recognised by successive colonial authorities as the legitimate owners of the land due to being among the first (and often only) white settlers in their area. The term squattocracy, a play on aristocracy, was coined to refer to squatters as a social class and the immense sociopolitical power they possessed.
1619 Broadway – The Brill Building Project
1619 Broadway: The Brill Building Project is a 2012 album by Kurt Elling, recorded as a tribute to the songwriters of the Brill Building in New York City.

At the 55th Annual Grammy Awards, Elling was nominated for the Grammy Award for Best Jazz Vocal Album for his performance on this album, losing to Radio Music Society by Esperanza Spalding.

Grammy Award for Best Jazz Vocal Album
The Grammy Award for Best Jazz Vocal Album is an award presented at the Grammy Awards, a ceremony that was established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards, to recording artists for quality works (songs or albums) in the vocal jazz music genre. Awards in several categories are presented at the ceremony annually by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences of the United States to "honor artistic achievement, technical proficiency and overall excellence in the recording industry, without regard to album sales or chart position".
MP 05
The MP 05 (French: Métro sur Pneu d'appel d'offres de 2005; English: Rubber-tyred metro ordered in 2005) is a rubber-tyred electric multiple unit with driverless operation ordered by the RATP in 2005 for the Paris Métro. The original 49 units were designed to allow the older MP 89s on line 1 to transfer to line 4 in order to automate the line. An additional fleet of 18 MP 05s was ordered for deployment on the line 14 by 2017 in order to improve service frequencies and to prepare for the line's northern extension towards Mairie de Saint-Ouen, as well as provide service enhancements to Line 1. The trainsets were constructed by Alstom.

The MP 05 trains are the second Paris Métro rolling stock to include air-conditioning, with the MF 01 rolling stock being the first.

Rubber-tyred metro
A rubber-tyred metro or rubber-tired metro is a form of rapid transit system that uses a mix of road and rail technology. The vehicles have wheels with rubber tires that run on a roll way inside guide bars for traction. Traditional, flanged steel wheels running on rail tracks provide guidance through switches and act as backup if tyres fail. Most rubber-tyred trains are purpose-built and designed for the system on which they operate. Guided buses are sometimes referred to as 'trams on tyres', and compared to rubber-tyred metros.
Decametre
A decametre (International spelling as used by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures and by most English speaking countries, United States spelling dekameter), symbol dam ("da" for the SI prefix deca-, "m" for the SI unit metre), is a unit of length in the International System of Units (SI) equal to ten metres.

While any combination of SI prefix and unit can be used, many are rarely used in practice; the decametre is used less frequently than other units of length. One practical use is for altitude of geopotential heights in meteorology. The volumetric form cubic decametre is convenient for describing large volumes of water such as in rivers and lakes; a volume of one cubic decametre (dam3) is equivalent to a capacity of one megalitre (ML).

One technical atmosphere is the pressure of one decametre of water. Also, the are (a), a metric unit for land area, is equal to one square decametre (dam2).

Deca-
Deca (and dec), sometimes deka, is a common English-language numeral prefix derived from the Late Latin decas ("(set of) ten"), from Ancient Greek δεκάς (dekás), from δέκα (déka, "ten").  It is used in many words.

It is also a decimal unit prefix in the International System of Units (SI) denoting a factor of ten, with symbol da and spelled "deca" internationally (or "deka" in American spelling).
Deerfield (CDP), Massachusetts
Deerfield is a census-designated place (CDP) in the town of Deerfield in Franklin County, Massachusetts, United States.  The population was 643 at the 2010 census. It corresponds roughly to the area of Historic Deerfield, a historic district comprising the original town center of Deerfield. It is the home of Deerfield Academy, a college-preparatory school.

Historic Deerfield
Historic Deerfield is a museum dedicated to the heritage and preservation of Deerfield, Massachusetts, and history of the Connecticut River Valley. Its historic houses, museums, and programs provide visitors with an understanding of New England's historic villages and countryside.  It is located in the village of Old Deerfield which has been designated a National Historic Landmark District (as the Old Deerfield Historic District), and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The museum also hosts the Dublin Seminar for New England Folklife.
Germanwatch
Germanwatch e.V. is a non-profit, non-governmental organization based in Bonn, Germany. It seeks to influence public policy on trade, the environment, and relations between countries in the industrialized north and underdeveloped south. The organization collates a variety of economic and social data to formulate position papers, often in partnership with other NGOs. Particular areas of interest include trade in food and agricultural policy, climate change, and corporate accountability.

Germanwatch was founded 1991 by Christoph Bals.

Corporate accountability
Corporate accountability is the acknowledgement and assumption of responsibility for the consequences of a company's actions. It can be defined in narrowly financial terms, e.g. for a business to meet certain standards or address the regulatory requirements of its business activities. Corporate accountability may also be applied more broadly, such as expectations for a publicly-traded company to be accountable to its employees and local community rather than focusing exclusively on earning profits in the short-term for the benefit of its shareholders.
Zuniceratops
Zuniceratops ('Zuni horned face') is a genus of ceratopsian dinosaurs that lived during the Turonian stage of the Late Cretaceous in what is now New Mexico, United States. Only a single species is known, Zuniceratops christopheri.

Turonian
The Turonian is, in the ICS' geologic timescale, the second age in the Late Cretaceous Epoch, or a stage in the Upper Cretaceous Series. It spans the time between 93.9 ± 0.2 Ma and 89.8 ± 0.3 Ma (million years ago). The Turonian is preceded by the Cenomanian Stage and underlies the Coniacian Stage.

At the beginning of the Turonian an oceanic anoxic event (OAE 2) took place, also referred to as the Cenomanian-Turonian boundary event or the "Bonarelli Event". Sea level fall took place in the latter part of the Turonian from the highstand at the beginning of the Turonian.
Jack Valiquette
John Joseph "Jack" Valiquette (born March 18, 1956) is a Canadian retired ice hockey forward.

Valiquette was born in St. Thomas, Ontario.  He started his National Hockey League career with the Toronto Maple Leafs in 1974. He also played for the Colorado Rockies. He retired after the 1980-81 season, after a seven-year career.

St. Thomas, Ontario
St. Thomas is a city in southwestern Ontario, Canada. It gained its city charter on March 4, 1881. The city is also the seat for Elgin County, although it is independent of the county.

At the time of the 2021 Census, the population of the city was 42,918.
Matchday programme
A matchday programme or match programme is a booklet associated with a live sporting event which details the proposed starting lineup and other details of the match. To some spectators, the purchase of a matchday programme is part of the "ritual" of attending football and hurling matches in Britain and Ireland. Until 2018, the printing of matchday programmes was compulsory for English Football League games.

Souvenir programmes are also collected as sports memorabilia, and rare FA Cup Final matchday programmes have fetched in excess of £35,000 at auction houses such as Sotheby's. Matchday programmes from early 20th-century hurling and Gaelic football games are also collected in Ireland, and a programme from the 1913 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship Final was sold at auction in 2018 for more than €2,000.

Sports memorabilia
Sports memorabilia are collectables associated with sports, including equipment, trophies, sports cards, autographs, and photographs. A multi-billion-dollar industry has grown around the trading of sports memorabilia.
Kai Doh Maru
Kai Doh Maru (怪童丸, Kaidōmaru) is an original video animation (OVA) anime directed by Kanji Wakabayashi and produced by Production I.G. and SME Visual Works. It was released on December 19, 2001 in Japan and on July 29, 2003 in the United States by Manga Entertainment. In Australia, it is distributed on DVD by Madman Entertainment.

Madman Entertainment
Madman Entertainment Pty. Ltd., also known as Madman Films, stylised as MADMAN, is an Australian film and television production, distribution, entertainment, and rights management company. Headquartered in East Melbourne, Victoria, the company specialises in feature films, documentaries, and television series, across theatrical and home entertainment formats in both Australia and the United States.
Philip Carteret
Rear-Admiral Philip Carteret, Seigneur of Trinity (22 January 1733 – 21 July 1796) was a Royal Navy officer and explorer who participated in two of the British navy's circumnavigation expeditions in 1764–66 and 1766–69.

Circumnavigation
Circumnavigation is the complete navigation around an entire island, continent, or astronomical body (e.g. a planet or moon). This article focuses on the circumnavigation of Earth.

The first circumnavigation of the Earth was the Magellan Expedition, which sailed from Sanlucar de Barrameda, Spain in 1519 and returned in 1522, after crossing the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian oceans. Since the rise of commercial aviation in the mid 20th century, circumnavigating Earth is straightforward, usually taking days instead of years. Today, the challenge of circumnavigating Earth has shifted towards human and technological endurance, speed, and less conventional methods.