hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Canton of Coussey
The Canton of Coussey is a former French administrative and electoral grouping of communes in the Vosges département of eastern France and in the region of Lorraine. It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. It consisted of 21 communes, which joined the canton of Neufchâteau in 2015. It had 4,209 inhabitants (2012).

The Canton of Coussey had its administrative centre at Coussey and was one of seven cantons in the Arrondissement of Neufchâteau. The territory of the canton included Joan of Arc's birthplace Domrémy-la-Pucelle.

Canton of Neufchâteau
The Canton of Neufchâteau is a rural French administrative and electoral grouping of communes in the Vosges département of eastern France and in the region of Grand Est. The canton has its administrative centre at Neufchâteau.
Czech Hell
Czech Hell (Estonian: Tšehhi põrgu) was an episode of vigilante justice during the Prague Offensive and the Prague Uprising, World War II in May 1945. It involved the imprisonment and summary executions of 500−1,000 unarmed soldiers and officers of the 20th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (1st Estonian) by Czech partisans.

Summary execution
In civil and military jurisprudence, summary execution is the putting to death of a person accused of a crime without the benefit of a free and fair trial. The term results from the legal concept of summary justice to punish a summary offense, as in the case of a drumhead court-martial, but the term usually denotes the summary execution of a sentence of death. Under international law, it is defined as a combatant's refusal to accept an opponent's lawful surrender and the combatant's provision of no quarter, by killing the surrendering opponents.

Summary executions have been practiced by governments and paramilitary organizations during both peacetime and war, and are usually associated with war crimes and political persecution.
Atrusca trimaculosa
Atrusca trimaculosa, also known as the woollybear gall wasp, is a species of gall wasp. This wasp is found on a variety of oak trees, including valley oak, blue oak, and Oregon oak. Its galls are 3–4 mm wide, round, and covered in stiff hairs. The galls are located on leaves, and often clustered together. Only females of this species are known.

Quercus douglasii
Quercus douglasii, known as blue oak, is a species of oak endemic to California, common in the Coast Ranges and the foothills of the Sierra Nevada. It is California's most drought-tolerant deciduous oak, and is a dominant species in the blue oak woodland ecosystem. It is occasionally known as mountain oak and iron oak.
Schaufuss
Schaufuss or Schaufuß is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Camillo Schaufuß (1862–1944), German entomologist

Hans Joachim Schaufuß (1918-1941), German actor

Hans Hermann Schaufuß (1893-1982), German actor

Ludwig Wilhelm Schaufuss (1833–1890), German naturalist and entomologist

Peter Schaufuss (born 1949), Danish ballet dancer

Puk Schaufuss, born Liselotte Schaufuss, (born 1943), Danish actress

Hans Hermann Schaufuß
Hans Hermann Schaufuß (13 July 1893 – 30 January 1982) was a German actor. He appeared in more than one hundred films from 1922 to 1969. His sons were the actors Hans Joachim Schaufuß and Peter-Timm Schaufuß.
2013 FIBA Asia Championship Group A
Group A of the 2013 FIBA Asia Championship took place from 1 to 3 August 2013. This is the preliminary round of the 2013 FIBA Asia Championship, with the three teams with the best records (Chinese Taipei, the Philippines and Jordan) advancing to 2013 FIBA Asia Championship Group E. Saudi Arabia, the last placed team, was relegated to the 13th–15th classification round.

All games were played at the Mall of Asia Arena in Pasay, Philippines.

Pasay
Pasay, officially the City of Pasay (Filipino: Lungsod ng Pasay; IPA: [ˈpaː.saɪ̯]), is a highly urbanized city in the National Capital Region of the Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 453,186 people.

Due to its location just south of Manila, Pasay quickly became an urban town during the American colonial period. It is now best known for being the site of most of Ninoy Aquino International Airport and of complexes such as Newport City and the SM Central Business Park.
Endothenia nigricostana
Endothenia nigricostana, the black-edged marble, is a moth of the family Tortricidae. It was described by Adrian Hardy Haworth in 1811. It is found from most of Europe, east to Japan. The habitat consists of woodland margins and embankments.

The wingspan is 11–15 mm. Adults are on wing from May to July.

The larvae feed on Stachys palustris, Stachys sylvatica, and Lamium species. They eat down from the flower into the stem and roots.

Stachys sylvatica
Stachys sylvatica, commonly known as hedge woundwort, whitespot, or sometimes as hedge nettle, is a perennial herbaceous plant growing to 80 cm (31 in) tall in woodland and unmanaged grassland. In temperate zones of the northern hemisphere it flowers in July and August. The flowers are purple. The leaves, when crushed or bruised, give off an unpleasant fetid smell.
Godthaab (1898)
SS Godthaab (Danish name for Nuuk) was built in 1897–1898 at C. Christensen ship yard, Sandefjord, Norway, for the Royal Greenland Trading Department and was the company's first steamship. The main task for the ship was sailing on the east Greenland settlement Angmassalik (now Tasiilaq) and was built for that purpose with a 180 kilowatts (240 hp) compound steam engine from Åkers Mechanical Workshop and reinforced hull.

Godthaab served as base for several expeditions in the Arctic, most notably the 1912–1913 Danish Expedition to Queen Louise Land and the expeditions by Lauge Koch between 1926 and 1934. Godthaab sailed for the Royal Greenland Trading Department until the vessel was sold in 1953 to the Faroe Islands. Here the ship was refitted for the herring fishery and renamed Hvitabjørn (polar bear). Hvitabjørn was sunk in 1984 after being badly damaged by fire.

Tasiilaq
Tasiilaq, formerly Ammassalik or Angmagssalik (Danish names: Kong Oscars Havn or simply Oscarshavn), is a town on Ammassalik Island in southeastern Greenland, within the municipality of Sermersooq. With 1,985 inhabitants as of 2020, it is the most populous community on the eastern coast, and the seventh-largest town in Greenland. The Sermilik Station, dedicated to the research of the nearby Mittivakkat Glacier, is near the town.
Bytown
Bytown is the former name of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. It was founded on September 26, 1826, incorporated as a town on January 1, 1850, and superseded by the incorporation of the City of Ottawa on January 1, 1855. The founding was marked by a sod turning, and a letter from Governor General Dalhousie which authorized Lieutenant Colonel John By to divide up the town into lots.  Bytown came about as a result of the construction of the Rideau Canal and grew largely due to the Ottawa River timber trade.  Bytown's first mayor was John Scott, elected in 1847.

Groundbreaking
Groundbreaking, also known as cutting, sod-cutting, turning the first sod, turf-cutting, or a sod-turning ceremony, is a traditional ceremony in many cultures that celebrates the first day of construction for a building or other project. Such ceremonies are often attended by dignitaries such as politicians and businesspeople.

The shovel used during the groundbreaking is often a special ceremonial shovel, sometimes colored gold, meant to be saved for subsequent display and may be engraved. In other groundbreaking ceremonies, a bulldozer is used instead of a shovel to mark the first day of construction. In some groundbreaking ceremonies, the shovel and the bulldozer mark the first day of construction. In other places, this ceremony can be replaced by a "laying of the first stone" event.
Satiana
Satiana Bunglaw is a small town in Jaranwala Tehsil, Faisalabad District, Punjab, Pakistan. Located 27 km from Faisalabad, 25 km from Jaranwala, and 23 km from Tandlianwala, it is located on the Tandlianwala-Faisalabad road. Satiana is well connected by road to nearby cities, including Faisalabad, Tandlianwala, Okara, Jaranwala, Samundri, and Dijkot, in addition to many surrounding villages.

The city features higher secondary schools for both boys and girls, a market with approximately 300 shops, a government hospital, and essential services such as Satiana Post Office (PO#37450), banks, and a registration office of the National Database and Registration Authority (NADRA). Satiana falls within National Assembly constituency NA-103 and Punjab Provincial Assembly constituency PP-102.

Okara, Pakistan
Okara (Punjabi, Urdu: اوکاڑہ) is the capital city of Okara District in the Punjab province of Pakistan. The name Okara is derived from Okaan, a type of tree. In ancient times there were a large number of Okaan trees, which is why the area was named Okara. It is the 23rd most populous city of Pakistan. The city is located southwest of the city of Lahore and Faisalabad is 100 km bypassing the Ravi River. It is known for its agriculture-based economy and cotton mills. The nearest major city to Okara is Sahiwal, which was formerly known as Montgomery. Kasur is also located in the east of the city. Pakistan military dairy farms, known for their cheese, are situated in Okara. Pul Dhool, located near Abdulla Sugar Mill, is a town in the Okara district. Pul Dhool is on Hujra Chunian road. It is 9 km from Shah Muqeem and 17 km from Chunian.These farms were established before the creation of Pakistan in 1947.
2018 Southeastern Conference baseball tournament
The 2018 Southeastern Conference baseball tournament was held from May 22 through 27 at Hoover Metropolitan Stadium in Hoover, Alabama.  The annual tournament determined the tournament champion of the Division I Southeastern Conference in college baseball.  The tournament champion earned the conference's automatic bid to the 2018 NCAA Division I baseball tournament

The tournament has been held every year since 1977, with LSU claiming twelve championships, the most of any school.  Original members Georgia and Kentucky along with 1992 addition Arkansas have never won the tournament.  This is the twentieth consecutive year and twenty-second overall that the event has been held at Hoover Metropolitan Stadium, known from 2007 through 2012 as Regions Park.  Texas A&M joined in 2013, and won its first title in 2016.  Missouri, which also joined in 2013, has yet to win the event.

Texas A&M Aggies baseball
The Texas A&M Aggies baseball team represents Texas A&M University in NCAA Division I college baseball.  The Aggies have competed in the Southeastern Conference since 2013.  The Aggies play home games at Olsen Field at Blue Bell Park. The team was the 2024 runner-up in the Men's College World Series Final, losing in a closely contested three-game series to Tennessee.
Society for Medieval Archaeology
The Society for Medieval Archaeology was founded in 1957. Its purpose is to publish a journal on medieval archaeology and organise conferences and events around the subject. It was the third archaeological society founded with a focus on a particular period, after the Prehistoric Society of East Anglia (1908) and the Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies (1911).

The society's journal is Medieval Archaeology.

The society's logo is a representation of the Anglo-Saxon Alfred Jewel. It was drawn by Eva Sjoegren (wife of David M. Wilson, one of the founders), appeared prominently on the front cover of the journal from 1957 to 2010, and continues to appear on the title page. A meeting of the society's council in 1985 included discussions about establishing a special interest group focused on the study of castles; this became the Castle Studies Group.

David M. Wilson
Sir David Mackenzie Wilson, FBA (born 30 October 1931) is a British archaeologist, art historian, and museum curator, specialising in Anglo-Saxon art and the Viking Age. From 1977 until 1992 he served as the director of the British Museum, where he had previously worked, from 1955 to 1964, as an assistant keeper. In his role as director of the museum, he became embroiled in the controversy over the ownership of the Elgin Marbles with the Greek government, engaging with a "disastrous" televised debate with Greek Minister of Culture Melina Mercouri.
Alfonso Frazer
Alfonso Gerald Frazer (born January 4, 1948) is a former Panamanian boxer who held the Lineal and WBA Light welterweight titles. He competed in the men's featherweight event at the 1964 Summer Olympics.

Boxing at the 1964 Summer Olympics – Featherweight
The Featherweight class in the boxing at the 1964 Summer Olympics competition was the third-lightest class.  Featherweights were limited to those boxers weighing less than 57 kilograms. The competition was held from 13 and 23 October 1964 at Korakuen Ice Palace. 32 boxers from 32 nations competed.

Stanislav Stepashkin from the Soviet Union won the gold medal after defeating Filipino Anthony Villanueva in the final bout, who won the silver medal. The losing semifinalists, Charles Brown from the United States and Heinz Schulz representing the United Team of Germany, both received bronze medals.

In his first round bout, Spanish boxer Valentín Loren punched a Hungarian referee in the face after being disqualified; he was banned for life from international competition.
D'Entrecasteaux Ridge
The d'Entrecasteaux (French pronunciation: [dɑ̃tʁəkasto]) Ridge (DER) is a double oceanic ridge in the south-west Pacific Ocean, north of New Caledonia and west of Vanuatu Islands.  It forms the northern extension of the New Caledonia–Loyalty Islands arc, and is now actively subducting in the Vanuatu subduction zone under the Vanuatu/New Hebrides arc.
The subduction of the DER is responsible for the anomalous morphology of the central part of New Hebrides arc whose movement more closely matches the north-east direction of the subducting Australian Plate (the rest of the New Hebrides arc rotate west in front of the southward expanding North Fiji Basin).

The name honours French naval officer Antoine Bruni d'Entrecasteaux, explorer of the south-west Pacific in the late 18th century.

Antoine Bruni d'Entrecasteaux
Antoine Raymond Joseph de Bruni, chevalier d'Entrecasteaux (French: [dɑ̃tʁ(ə)kasto]; 8 November 1737 – 21 July 1793) was a French Navy officer, explorer and colonial administrator who served as the Governor of Isle de France from 1787 to 1789. He is best known for his exploration of the Australian coast in 1792 while searching for Jean-François de Galaup, comte de Lapérouse.
Noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressant
Noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressants (NaSSAs) are a class of psychiatric drugs used primarily as antidepressants. They act by antagonizing the α2-adrenergic receptor and certain serotonin receptors such as 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C, but also 5-HT3, 5-HT6, and/or 5-HT7 in some cases. By blocking α2-adrenergic autoreceptors and heteroreceptors, NaSSAs enhance adrenergic and serotonergic neurotransmission in the brain involved in mood regulation, notably 5-HT1A-mediated transmission. In addition, due to their blockade of certain serotonin receptors, serotonergic neurotransmission is not facilitated in unwanted areas, which prevents the incidence of many side effects often associated with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants; hence, in part, the "specific serotonergic" label of NaSSAs.

5-HT6 receptor
The 5HT6 receptor is a subtype of 5HT receptor that binds the endogenous neurotransmitter serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5HT). It is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that is coupled to Gs and mediates excitatory neurotransmission. HTR6 denotes the human gene encoding for the receptor.
Acossus terebra
Acossus terebra is a species of moth of the family Cossidae. It is found in Eurasia, including Israel, Turkey, northern Spain, central and southern Europe, southern Sweden, Finland, the Baltic region, Ukraine, the central part of European Russia, the Caucasus, southern Siberia (including the Altai and Sayan Mountains) to southern Yakutia, the southern part of the Russian Far East, Korea, Heilongjiang, Jilin and inner Mongolia.

The wingspan is 55–64 mm. Adults are on wing from June to August.

The larvae feed on Populus tremula.

Baltic region
The Baltic Sea Region, alternatively the Baltic Rim countries (or simply the Baltic Rim), and the Baltic Sea countries/states, refers to the general area surrounding the Baltic Sea, including parts of Northern, Central and Eastern Europe. Unlike the "Baltic states", the Baltic region includes all countries that border the sea.
Éditions Russes de Musique
Éditions Russes de Musique was a music publishing company operating in Germany, Russia, France, the UK and the US.

It was founded in 1909 by Serge Koussevitzky and his second wife Natalia and focused on new Russian music.

In 1914 Koussevitzky purchased the Moscow-based publishing firm Gutheil from Carl Gutheil, merging it into Éditions Russes. This gave the firm the rights to music composed by Aleksander Gurilyov, Aleksandr Varlamov, Mily Balakirev, Alexander Dargomyzhsky, Mikhail Glinka, Sergei Rachmaninoff, and Alexander Serov.

The headquarters moved to Paris in 1920, after the Russian Revolution. The firm was sold to Boosey & Hawkes on March 1, 1947.

Aleksander Gurilyov
Aleksander L'vovich Gurilyov (Russian: Александр Львович Гурилёв; 3 September [O.S. 22 August] 1803 – 11 September [O.S. 30 August] 1858) was a composer, pianist, violinist, and music teacher who largely enriched the traditional romantic Russian repertoire through his solid technical accomplishments. He composed well over 200 pieces imbued with romantic, sentimental moods and subtle lyricism which enjoyed great success in Russia. He wrote numerous morceaux (short pieces) in a proto-dramatic, lyric declamatory style, all pre-dating the aesthetics of Dargomyzhsky, Mussorgsky and Tchaikovsky.
Kharagpur Raj
Kharagpur Raj was a prominent chieftaincy, founded in the early 16th century in Bihar situated mainly in modern-day Munger district. They were notable for being one of the few chieftaincies in Bihar to convert to Islam and many of the rulers became firm allies of the Mughal authorities. At its peak, the Kharagpur Raj encompassed parts of the modern-day districts of Munger, Bhagalpur, Jamui, Lakhisarai, Godda and Deoghar. Due to its size, the Privy Council compared it with the Kingdom of Sardinia.

Jamui district
Jamui district is a district among 38 districts of Bihar state, India. The district was formed on 21 February 1991, when it was separated from Munger district. It is located at a longitude of 86° 13'E and the latitude is 24° 55'N.
Josep Bonaplata i Corriol
Josep Bonaplata i Corriol (1795 - Bunyol, 2 June 1843) was a Catalan industrial entrepreneur known for introducing the steam engine into Catalonia and Spain. His parents, Ramon Bonaplata and Teresa Corriol, were textile manufacturers, principally of chintz, and he had three brothers, Salvador, Ramon and Narcís.

Today, in honour of Jose Bonaplata, the Bonaplata Award is given annually by the Association of the Museum of Science and Technology and Industrial Archaeology of Catalonia.

Foundry
A foundry is a factory that produces metal castings. Metals are cast into shapes by melting them into a liquid, pouring the metal into a mold, and removing the mold material after the metal has solidified as it cools. The most common metals processed are aluminium and cast iron. However, other metals, such as bronze, brass, steel, magnesium, and zinc, are also used to produce castings in foundries. In this process, parts of desired shapes and sizes can be formed.

Foundries are one of the largest contributors to the manufacturing recycling movement, melting and recasting millions of tons of scrap metal every year to create new durable goods. Moreover, many foundries use sand in their molding process. These foundries often use, recondition, and reuse sand, which is another form of recycling.
Hutton Country Park
Hutton Country Park is a 37.4 hectare Local Nature Reserve in Brentwood in Essex. It is owned and managed by Brentwood Borough Council.

The River Wid forms the northern boundary of the park, and it is bisected by the Great Eastern Main Line. Most of the site is semi-natural grassland which has a diverse range of species. There are also areas of oak and hornbeam woodland, ponds and wetlands. There are birds such as moorhens and long-tailed tits, insects including large red damselflies and orange tip butterflies, and flowers such as the lesser stitchwort and ox-eye daisy.

There is access from Wash Road

Moorhen
Moorhens are medium-sized water birds in the genus Gallinula, Latin for 'little hen', in the rail family Rallidae. The genus currently includes seven species, of which one is extinct, and two others probably are. Three species formerly included in Gallinula have been found to have enough differences to be placed in two separate but closely related genera, Paragallinula (with one species, lesser moorhen Paragallinula angulata), and Tribonyx, the two native hens of Australia; Tribonyx differs visually by shorter, thicker and stubbier toes and bills, and longer tails that lack the white signal pattern of typical moorhens. The moorhens are also close relatives of the coots (Fulica), but the swamphens (Porphyrio), formerly also thought to be close relatives, are now known to be less closely related.
Pancratium illyricum
Pancratium illyricum is a species of bulbous plant native to Corsica, Sardinia and the Capraia Islands of Tuscany.

Pancratium illyricum grows on rocky slopes and sparse woodland areas, from sea level to more than 1300 m above sea level. It is a bulbous perennial with glaucous leaves, 30–60 cm long, 1½–½ cm wide. Leaves whither after flowering time, in early summer, and the plants goes dormant. The scape is up to 45 cm long, and the flowers are clustered in umbels of about 12, and are white with a short corona and very fragrant. Flowers appear in April to June.

Umbel
In botany, an umbel is an inflorescence that consists of a number of short flower stalks (called pedicels) that spread from a common point, somewhat like umbrella ribs. The word was coined in botanical usage in the 1590s, from Latin umbella "parasol, sunshade". The arrangement can vary from being flat-topped to almost spherical. Umbels can be simple or compound. The secondary umbels of compound umbels are known as umbellules or umbellets. A small umbel is called an umbellule. The arrangement of the inflorescence in umbels is referred to as umbellate, or occasionally subumbellate (almost umbellate).

Umbels are a characteristic of plants such as carrot, parsley, dill, and fennel in the family Apiaceae; ivy, Aralia and Fatsia in the family Araliaceae; and onion (Allium) in the family Alliaceae.

An umbel is a type of indeterminate inflorescence.
A compressed cyme, which is a determinate inflorescence, is called umbelliform if it resembles an umbel.