hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mahesh Chai
Mohesh Chai is an Indian politician from the state of Arunachal Pradesh. Mohesh Chai was elected from the Tezu constituency in the 2014 Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election, standing as an BJP candidate. Prior to joining politics he was a doctor in the Govt of Arunachal Pradesh with MD in chest and respiratory diseases. He completed his schooling from Govt Higher Secondary School, Tezu. He then did his MBBS from Ambedkar Medical College, Bengaluru. After practising as a doctor in the Govt of AP for many years, he went for his masters and completed his MD in chest and respiratory diseases from Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal. He is also selected as a cabinet minister for Arunachal Pradesh Govt. in 2017.

He is the son of Late Shri Tankakso Chai and Smt Jahilu Chai.

Currently Mohesh Chai also holds Veterinary, Animal Husbandry, sports & Youth Affairs, Horticulture, Agriculture Ministry of Arunachal Pradesh.

Tezu
Tezu is a census town and the headquarters of Lohit district in the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh. It is the fifth largest town in Arunachal Pradesh and one of its most developed.

Tezu is one of the 60 constituencies of Legislative Assembly of Arunachal Pradesh. The current MLA (2024) of Tezu constituency is Mahesh Chai, who defeated NPEP'S Karikho Kri with 2805 votes in the 2024 general election.

The town  is known for its plain lands, dense forested areas, riverine and gorging rivers. Due to its close proximity to the hilly areas of Mishmi Hills, The town also serves as the main logistical hub for the transportation of goods and commuter to Anjaw district.
25 Aniversario: 1962 - 1987
25th Anniversary 1962-1987 is a greatest hits album by Puerto Rican salsa band, El Gran Combo de Puerto Rico. The album became the group's third number-one album on the Billboard Tropical Albums chart. The album was released to commemorate the band's 25th anniversary. The compilation album received a positive review from AllMusic's José A. Estévez Jr who felt it would be a great start for newer fans.

Billboard tropical charts
The Billboard tropical charts began in 1985 when an album chart were introduced as Tropical Albums in the June 29 issue of the magazine.  In October 1994, Billboard then established Tropical Airplay, which initially rank the most-played songs played on tropical  radio stations before switching to an audience-based methodology in January 2017. As the music and radio industries, as well as the technology to monitor and measure sales and airplay, have evolved, Billboard currently publishes three different tropical charts. On April 8, 2025, Billboard debuted the Hot Tropical Songs chart, which ranks the best-performing tropical songs across streaming, digital, and airplay from all radio stations in the United States.

According to Billboard, tropical music refers to music originating from the Spanish-speaking areas of the Caribbean, namely salsa, merengue, bachata, cumbia, and vallenato.
Petion Savain
Petion Savain (15 February 1906 – 1973) was a prolific Haitian artist and writer.

Savain was born in Port-au-Prince and studied at the Haitian School of Agronomy from which received a degree in law. He began painting in his early years and by his early thirties he was also the author of one book, La Case de Damballah. La Case de Damballah was published in 1939 (Imprimerie de L'Etat) and republished in 1970 (Kraus Reprint). The novel also appeared in the 1943 publication Les Oeuvres Nouvelles, Vol. 3 (Edition De La Maison Francaise). Savain eventually became a newspaper columnist, as well as lawyer, teacher, and author.

His artistic works, known for their bright colors, have been displayed in numerous art galleries, such as the Corcoran Gallery and the Grand Central and Riverside Museum in New York.

Savain died in 1973.

Corcoran Gallery of Art
The Corcoran Gallery of Art was an art museum in Washington, D.C., at the location where the Corcoran School of the Arts and Design, a part of the George Washington University, is now.

Founded in 1869 by philanthropist William Wilson Corcoran, the gallery was one of the earliest public art museums in the United States.  It held an important collection that became concentrated in American art. In 1890, it started its art school. Its Beaux-Arts style building on The Ellipse was opened in 1897. Due to a prolonged economic shortfall, the Gallery failed in October 2014; pursuant to its founding charter, its art school and building transferred to GWU and the 19,456 works in its collection were distributed to other public museums and institutions in Washington, D.C., primarily the National Gallery of Art.
Gustavo Manduca
Gustavo Manduca (born 8 June 1980) is a Brazilian former footballer who played as a forward or an attacking midfielder. Later, he worked briefly as a manager.

He also held an Italian passport, and played professionally in five countries, mainly in Portugal – where he represented six teams in seven years, including a very brief spell with Benfica. He amassed Primeira Liga totals of 91 games and 15 goals over three seasons.

Manduca signed with APOEL in 2010 from AEK Athens, remaining with the former club until his retirement and winning eight major titles.

Italian nationality law
The primary law governing nationality of Italy is Law 91/1992, which came into force on 16 August 1992. Italy is a member state of the European Union (EU), and all Italian nationals are EU citizens. They are entitled to free movement rights in EU and European Free Trade Association (EFTA) countries, and may vote in elections to the European Parliament.
Wakkanai Centennial Memorial
Wakkanai Centennial Memorial is an observation tower and exhibition facility located within Wakkanai Park in Wakkanai, Hokkaido, Japan. It was constructed in 1978 to commemorate the city’s 100th anniversary. The memorial comprises the Wakkanai Centennial Memorial Tower, an 80-meter observation tower, and the Northern Memorial Hall, which contains exhibits on the history of Wakkanai, the Karafuto (Sakhalin) region, and Japan’s northern frontier.

Observation tower
An observation tower is a tower used to view events from a long distance and to create a full 360 degree range of vision to conduct long distance observations. Observation towers are usually at least 20 metres (66 ft) tall and are made from stone, iron, and wood. Many modern towers are also used as TV towers, restaurants, or churches. The towers first appeared in the ancient world, as long ago as the Babylonian Empire.

Observation towers that are used as guard posts or observation posts over an extended period to overlook an area are commonly called watchtowers instead.

Similar instances of observation towers are recognised as crow's nests, observatories, viewing platforms, etc.
Quality-adjusted life year
The quality-adjusted life year (QALY) is a generic measure of disease burden, including both the quality and the quantity of life lived. It is used in economic evaluation to assess the value of medical interventions. One QALY equates to one year in perfect health. QALY scores range from 1 (perfect health) to 0 (dead). QALYs can be used to inform health insurance coverage determinations, treatment decisions, to evaluate programs, and to set priorities for future programs.

Critics argue that the QALY oversimplifies how actual patients would assess risks and outcomes, and that its use may restrict patients with disabilities from accessing treatment. Proponents of the measure acknowledge that the QALY has some shortcomings, but that its ability to quantify tradeoffs and opportunity costs from the patient, and societal perspective make it a critical tool for equitably allocating resources.

Utility
In economics, utility is a measure of a certain person's satisfaction from a certain state of the world. Over time, the term has been used with at least two meanings.

In a normative context, utility refers to a goal or objective that we wish to maximize, i.e., an objective function. This kind of utility bears a closer resemblance to the original utilitarian concept, developed by moral philosophers such as Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill.

In a descriptive context, the term refers to an apparent objective function; such a function is revealed by a person's behavior, and specifically by their preferences over lotteries, which can be any quantified choice.

The relationship between these two kinds of utility functions has been a source of controversy among both economists and ethicists, with most maintaining that the two are distinct but generally related.
Glanyrafon railway station
Glanyrafon railway station (formerly Glanrafon) is a railway station serving Glanyrafon in Ceredigion in Mid-Wales. It is a request stop on the preserved Vale of Rheidol Railway. It is 2 miles 26 chains (3.74 km) from Aberystwyth and has no surviving station buildings or platforms, passengers are required to step down from the train to the grass below.

In 2012, an RETB signalling mast, which was part of the Cambrian Line infrastructure, was removed from the station by contractors working for Network Rail, having been in place since the 1980s.

Radio Electronic Token Block
Radio Electronic Token Block is a system of railway signalling used in the United Kingdom. It is a development of the physical token system for controlling traffic on single lines. The system is slightly similar to North American direct traffic control, which unlike RETB does not have a cab display unit.
Leaching (pedology)
In pedology, leaching is the removal of soluble materials from one zone in soil to another via water movement in the profile. It is a mechanism of soil formation distinct from the soil forming process of eluviation, which is the loss of mineral and organic colloids. Leached and eluviated materials tend to be lost from topsoil and deposited in subsoil.  A soil horizon accumulating leached and eluviated materials is referred to as a zone of illuviation.

Laterite soil, which develops in regions with high temperature and heavy rainfall, is an example of this process in action.

Soil formation
Soil formation, also known as pedogenesis, is the process of soil genesis as regulated by the effects of place, environment, and history. Biogeochemical processes act to both create and destroy order (anisotropy) within soils. These alterations lead to the development of layers, termed soil horizons, distinguished by differences in color, structure, texture, and chemistry. These features occur in patterns of soil type distribution, forming in response to differences in soil forming factors.

Pedogenesis is studied as a branch of pedology, the study of soil in its natural environment. Other branches of pedology are the study of soil morphology and soil classification. The study of pedogenesis is important to understanding soil distribution patterns in current (soil geography) and past (paleopedology) geologic periods.
Strumble Head Lighthouse
Strumble Head Lighthouse stands on Ynys Meicel (from Welsh: St. Michael's Island), also known as Strumble Head, a rocky island at the northwest corner of Pencaer area, five miles west of the town of Fishguard, in northern Pembrokeshire, Wales.

Pencaer
Pencaer is a community which covers an area of dispersed settlement in Pembrokeshire, Wales, on the peninsula of Pen Caer and comprises the village of Llanwnda and the smaller settlements of Granston, Llangloffan, St Nicholas (Tremarchog) and Trefasser. The population of the community taken at the 2011 census was 474.
Karluk River
The Karluk River is a stream, 24 miles (39 km) long, on Kodiak Island in the U.S. state of Alaska. It begins at Karluk Lake in the Kodiak National Wildlife Refuge and flows north and then northwest through Karluk Lagoon to the Shelikof Strait at Karluk.

Sportfishing is popular in this river basin, "the largest and most productive" on Kodiak Island. It has significant runs of sockeye salmon, Coho, pink, Chinook, and chum salmon, and steelhead, and Dolly Varden trout are also prevalent. The entire main stem, rated Class I (easy) on the International Scale of River Difficulty, is floatable by raft or kayak.

Sockeye salmon
The sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka), also called red salmon, kokanee salmon, blueback salmon, or simply sockeye, is an anadromous species of salmon found in the Northern Pacific Ocean and rivers discharging into it. This species is a Pacific salmon that is primarily red in hue during spawning.  They can grow up to 84 cm (2 ft 9 in) in length and weigh 2.3 to 7 kg (5–15 lb). Juveniles remain in freshwater until they are ready to migrate to the ocean, over distances of up to 1,600 km (1,000 mi). Their diet consists primarily of zooplankton. Sockeye salmon are semelparous, dying after they spawn. Some populations, referred to as kokanee, do not migrate to the ocean and live their entire lives in fresh water.
Alabama Council for Technology in Education
The Alabama Council for Technology in Education (ACTE) was founded in the early 1980s, to promote general education and knowledge of technology for Alabama students in grades 3–12, in many areas ranging from computer literacy to video production.

Computer literacy
Computer literacy is defined as the knowledge and ability to use computers and related technology efficiently, with skill levels ranging from elementary use to computer programming and advanced problem solving. Computer literacy can also refer to the comfort level someone has with using computer programs and applications. Another valuable component is understanding how computers work and operate. Computer literacy may be distinguished from computer programming, which primarily focuses on the design and coding of computer programs rather than the familiarity and skill in their use. Various countries, including the United Kingdom and the United States, have created initiatives to improve national computer literacy rates.
Meharun Nisa
Meharun Nisa, also known as Born Forbidden, is an Urdu language television drama film. It was written by Zafar Mairaj, directed by Kamran Qureshi and produced by Iram Qureshi.

Meharun Nisa is said to be based on a true story. The main character in the story is Meharun, who was abandoned as a baby. Born to a prostitute, she struggles to shake the stigma associated with the circumstances of her birth.

The film was broadcast in 2004 on Indus TV Network in Pakistan & UAE and in 2005 on Zee TV UK & United States as part of film series 'Maa Aur Mamta', which consisted of 13 films including Meharun Nisa.

Bushra Ansari
Bushra Ansari (Punjabi pronunciation: [bʊʃɾaː ənsaːɾiː]) is a Pakistani actress, comedian, singer, and playwright in Punjabi and Urdu cinema, who started her career as a child performer in the 1960s. Ansari won numerous awards during her career, including the Presidential Pride of Performance Award in 1989 for her contributions to Pakistani television.
Number 1s... and Then Some
#1s... and Then Some is the title of a two-disc compilation album released on September 8, 2009, by country music duo Brooks & Dunn. It is the duo's fifth greatest hits package. The package contains two new tracks that were both released as singles, "Indian Summer" and a collaboration with ZZ Top lead guitarist Billy Gibbons, "Honky Tonk Stomp". It is their last release before their five-year hiatus from 2010 to 2015.

Kix Brooks
Leon Eric "Kix" Brooks III (born May 12, 1955) is an American country music artist, actor, and film producer best known for being one half of the duo Brooks & Dunn and host of radio's American Country Countdown. Prior to the duo's foundation, he was a singer and songwriter, charting twice on Hot Country Songs and releasing an album for Capitol Records. Brooks and Ronnie Dunn comprised Brooks & Dunn for twenty years, then both members began solo careers. Brooks’ solo career after Brooks & Dunn includes the album New to This Town.

In 2019, Brooks was inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame as a member of Brooks & Dunn.
Vasco da Gama Aquarium
The Vasco da Gama Aquarium (Portuguese: Aquário Vasco da Gama) is one of the oldest aquariums in the world. It is located in Dafundo, in the civil parish of Algés, Linda-a-Velha e Cruz Quebrada-Dafundo, in the municipality of Oeiras near the Portuguese capital of Lisbon. It is a public aquarium and is run by the Portuguese Navy's Cultural Commission.

Algés, Linda-a-Velha e Cruz Quebrada-Dafundo
Algés, Linda-a-Velha e Cruz Quebrada-Dafundo is a civil parish in the municipality of Oeiras, Portugal. It was formed in 2013 by the merger of the former parishes Algés, Linda-a-Velha and Cruz Quebrada-Dafundo. The population in 2011 was 48,665, in an area of 7.18 km².
Pepe (2024 Dominican film)
Pepe is a 2024 drama film written, co-produced, co-edited and directed by Nelson Carlo De Los Santos Arias. The film starring Jhon Narváez and Sor María Ríos, is voice of Pepe, the first and last hippo killed in the Americas, who appears as ghost and recounts his story with the powerful oral tradition of these communities.

The film is an international co-production between Dominican Republic, Namibia, Germany, and France, and had its world premiere at the 74th Berlin International Film Festival on 20 February, where it competed for the Golden Bear and won Silver Bear for Best Director. It was selected as the Dominican entry for the Best International Feature Film at the 98th Academy Awards, but it was not nominated.

Silver Bear for Best Director
The Silver Bear for Best Director (German: Silberner Bär/Bester Regie) is an award presented annually at the Berlin International Film Festival since 1956. It is given for the best achievement in directing and is chosen by the International Jury from the films in the Competition slate at the festival.

At the 6th Berlin International Film Festival held in 1956, Robert Aldrich was the first winner of this award for his work on Autumn Leaves, and Grant Gee is the most recent winner in this category for his work on Everybody Digs Bill Evans at the 76th Berlin International Film Festival in 2026.
Muhdi
The Muhdi (Somali: Muhdi, Arabic: ﻣﻬﺪﻱ), is a Somali sub-clan. It forms a part of the Dishiishe Harti confederation of Darod clans, and primarily inhabit Somalia, Oman and Yemen. The Muhdis are believed to the largest sub-clan within Dishiishe both in terms of population size and land inhabitation but they are largely dispersed people living three respective countries

Clan
A clan is a group of people united by actual or perceived kinship
and descent. Even if lineage details are unknown, a clan may claim other descent from a founding member or apical ancestor who serves as a symbol of the clan's unity. Many societies' exogamy rules are on a clan basis, where all members of one's own clan, or the clans of both parents or even grandparents, are excluded from marriage as incest.

Clans preceded more centralized forms of community organization and government, and have existed in every country. Members may identify with a coat of arms or other symbol.
Anicia gens
The gens Anicia (or the Anicii) was a plebeian family at ancient Rome, mentioned first towards the end of the fourth century BC.  The first of the Anicii to achieve prominence under the Republic was Lucius Anicius Gallus, who conducted the war against the Illyrians during the Third Macedonian War, in 168 BC.

A noble family bore this name in the imperial era, and may have been descended from the Anicii of the Republic.

Nobiles
The nobiles (sg. nobilis, transl. 'noble', 'noteworthy') were members of a social rank in the Roman Republic indicating that one was "well known". This may have changed over time: in Cicero's time, one was notable if one descended from a person who had been elected consul. In earlier periods and more broadly, this may have included a larger group consisting of those who were patricians, were descended from patricians who had become plebeians via transitio ad plebem, or were descended from plebeians who had held curule offices.
Žemaitukas
The Žemaitukas (plural: Žemaitukai, literally: little Samogitian) is a historic horse breed from Lithuania. It may be classified as a pony, due to its relatively short stature (between 131–141 centimeters at the withers). Known from the 6–7th centuries, it was used as a war horse by the Lithuanians during the Northern Crusades and is hailed in Lithuania as part of the state's historic heritage. Its origin is uncertain; it is related to the Estonian Native and the Konik. The breed contributed to the foundation of the Trakehner. Once popular, the breed was brought to the brink of extinction by changing agricultural demands and World War II. As of 2010, the total population is estimated at 400 individuals.

Pony
A pony is a type of small horse, usually under a specific height at full maturity. Ponies often have thicker coats, manes and tails, compared to larger horses, and proportionally shorter legs, wider barrels, heavier bone, thicker necks and shorter heads. In modern use, breed registries and horse shows may define a pony as measuring at the withers below a certain height; height limits varying from about 142 cm (14.0 h) to 150 cm (14.3 h). Some distinguish between horse or pony based on its breed or phenotype, regardless of its height. The word pony derives from the old French poulenet, a diminutive of poulain meaning foal, a young, immature horse.: 1041  A full-sized horse may sometimes be called a pony as a term of endearment.
Charles Leslie Barrett
Charles Leslie Barrett (26 June 1879 – 16 January 1959) was an Australian naturalist, journalist, author, and ornithologist.

Born in Hawthorn, Victoria, he was a foundation member of the Royal Australasian Ornithologists Union (RAOU) in 1901 and editor of its journal the Emu, 1910–1916. He also wrote for Walkabout. In 1953, he was awarded the Australian Natural History Medallion.

Charles Barrett also served in the AIF during World War 1. He embarked from Melbourne in May 1917 as a member of a contingent of reinforcements for the Camel Field Ambulance Unit, and served in Egypt and Palestine. His 1942 book, "On the Wallaby. Quest and adventure in many lands" contains an account and photographs of this mission.

His son Donald moved to Papua and New Guinea, where he served as a member of the Legislative Council and House of Assembly.

Emu (journal)
Emu, subtitled Austral Ornithology, is the peer-reviewed scientific journal of BirdLife Australia (formerly the Royal Australasian Ornithologists Union). The journal was established in 1901 and is the oldest ornithological journal published in Australia. The current editor-in-chief is Kate Buchanan (Deakin University). The journal was published quarterly for the Royal Australasian Ornithologists Union in print and online by CSIRO Publishing until 2016. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2012 impact factor of 1.895, ranking it 4th out of 22 journals in the category "Ornithology".
Joyful (song)
"Joyful" (stylized in lower case) is a song by American Christian and Gospel singer and songwriter Dante Bowe, which was released on March 12, 2021, as the lead single to his second studio album, Circles. Bowe co-wrote the song with Ben Schofield. Ben Schofield handled the production of the single.

"Joyful" peaked at No. 14 on the US Hot Christian Songs chart, and at No. 3 on the Hot Gospel Songs chart. "Joyful" won the GMA Dove Award Contemporary Gospel Recorded Song of the Year at the 2021 GMA Dove Awards. It was nominated for the Grammy Award for Best Gospel Performance/Song at the 2022 Grammy Awards.

GMA Dove Award
A Dove Award is an accolade by the Gospel Music Association (GMA) of the United States to recognize outstanding achievement in the Christian music industry. The awards ceremonies presented annually and have been held in Nashville, Tennessee except in 2011 and 2012 when they were held in Atlanta, Georgia. The ceremonies feature live musical performances and are broadcast on TBN.

The awards were established in 1969 and represent a variety of musical styles including rock, pop, hip hop, country, and urban.