hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
David Chow (politician)
David Chow Kam Fai (Chinese: 周錦輝; born 1950 in Hong Kong) is a Macau businessman and politician. His businesses are involved in the tourism, entertainment and gambling industries. He was a member of the Legislative Assembly of Macau (ran under the name of Convergence for Development) and is the CEO of Macau Landmark and Macau Fisherman's Wharf Investment Co Ltd. He is also Honored Consul of the Republic of Cape Verde to Macau SAR.

His wife, Melinda Chan, is the founder of Macau Zhuhai Communal Association, a major political association in Macau.

Legislative Assembly of Macau
The Legislative Assembly of the Macao Special Administrative Region is the organ of the legislative branch of Macau. It follows China's one country, two systems constitutional arrangement, and is the power centre of Macau's hybrid representative democracy.

It is a 33-member body comprising 14 directly elected members, 12 indirectly elected members representing functional constituencies and 7 members appointed by the chief executive. It is located at Sé.

The functions of the Legislative Assembly are to enact, amend or repeal laws; examine and approve budgets, taxation and public expenditure; and raise questions on the work of the government. In addition, the Legislative Assembly has the power to endorse the appointment and removal of the judges of the Macau Court of Final Appeal and the Chief Judge of the High Court, as well as the power to impeach the Chief Executive of Macau.
He Xiu (Han dynasty)
He Xiu (Chinese: 何休; pinyin: Hé Xiū; Wade–Giles: Ho Hsiu; 129–182) was a Chinese philosopher and philologist during the Later Han dynasty. He was a prominent representative of the New Text school (Jinwen jingxue). He rose to become the chief advisor to the emperor. He is the author of commentaries on the Gongyang Commentary on the Spring and Autumn Annals (Gongyang zhuan), titled Chunqiu Gongyang jiegu 春秋公羊解詁, which was part of the History of the Later Han (Hou Hanshu). Many of his works are lost or only preserved in fragments. He was influenced by Dong Zhongshu (c. 179–104 BCE). His Theory of the Three Ages (Chinese: 三世說; pinyin: Sānshìshuō) had a decisive influence on the development of Kang Youwei’s (1858–1927) utopian theory. According to He Xiu, Confucius attempted to bring the whole world to peace and order by working out from its own situation and transforming the "age of decay and disorder" into the age of "approaching peace" and finally into the "age of universal peace".

Dong Zhongshu
Dong Zhongshu (Chinese: 董仲舒; Wade–Giles: Tung Chung-shu; 179–104 BC) was a Chinese philosopher, politician, and writer of the Han dynasty. He is traditionally associated with the promotion of Confucianism as the official ideology of the Chinese imperial state, favoring heaven worship over the tradition of cults celebrating the five elements. Enjoying great influence in the court in the last decades of his life, his adversary 
Gongsun Hong ultimately 
promoted his partial retirement from political life by banishing him to the Chancellery of Weifang, but his teachings were transmitted from there.
Three Men in the Snow (1974 film)
Three Men in the Snow (German: Drei Männer im Schnee) is a 1974 German comedy film directed by Alfred Vohrer and starring Klaus Schwarzkopf, Roberto Blanco and Thomas Fritsch. It is an adaptation of the novel of the same title by Erich Kästner.

Erich Kästner
Emil Erich Kästner (German: [ˈeːʁɪç ˈkɛstnɐ] ⓘ; 23 February 1899 – 29 July 1974) was a German writer, poet, screenwriter and satirist, known primarily for his humorous, socially astute poems and for children's books including Emil and the Detectives and Lisa and Lottie. He received the international Hans Christian Andersen Award in 1960 for his autobiography When I Was a Little Boy. He was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature in eight separate years.
Communications Act 2003
The Communications Act 2003 (c. 21) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. The act, which came into force on 25 July 2003, superseded the Telecommunications Act 1984. The new act was the responsibility of Culture Secretary Tessa Jowell. It consolidated the telecommunication and broadcasting regulators in the UK, introducing the Office of Communications (Ofcom) as the new industry regulator. On 28 December 2003 Ofcom gained its full regulatory powers, inheriting the duties of the Office of Telecommunications (Oftel). Among other measures, the act introduced legal recognition of community radio and paved the way for full-time community radio services in the UK, as well as controversially lifting many restrictions on cross-media ownership. It also made it illegal to use other people's Wi-Fi broadband connections without their permission. In addition, the legislation also allowed for the first time non-European entities to wholly own a British television company.

Concentration of media ownership
Concentration of media ownership, also known as media consolidation or media convergence, is a process wherein fewer individuals or organizations control shares of the mass media. Research in the 1990s and early 2000s suggested then-increasing levels of consolidation, with many media industries already highly concentrated where a few companies own much of the market. The proliferation of the Internet and with it the advent of new media companies challenged this oligopoly, before market share being again consolidated by a small set of companies.
Hope UK
Hope UK is a United Kingdom Christian charity based in London, England, which educates children and young people about drug and alcohol abuse. Local meetings started in 1847 and a formal organisation was established in 1855 with the name The United Kingdom Band of Hope Union.

Teetotalism
Teetotalism is the practice of voluntarily abstaining from the consumption of alcohol. A person who practises (and possibly advocates) teetotalism is known as a teetotaller (British English) or teetotaler (American English) and is said to be teetotal. Globally, in 2016, 57% of adults did not drink alcohol in the past year, and 44.5% had never consumed alcohol. A number of temperance organisations have been founded to promote teetotalism and provide spaces for nondrinkers to socialise.

Teetotalism is found as an aspect of religious practise in Buddhism, Hinduism, Islam, Jainism, Sikhism and in some forms of Christianity. Other common reasons for choosing teetotalism are psychological, health, medical, philosophical, social, political, past alcoholism, or simply preference.
Bonnie (orangutan)
Bonnie (born 1976, in Rio Grande Zoo) is a hybrid female Bornean/Sumatran orangutan living at the National Zoo in Washington, D.C., since 1980.

She began spontaneously whistling, mimicking an animal caretaker making the sound. This is significant as whistling is a sound that is in a human's—but not an orangutan's—repertoire. While some "lower primates" have been shown to make non-standard sounds for their species, it has always been the result of intense training, whereas Bonnie picked up the new sound mechanism through imitation. Furthermore, she seems to whistle just because she likes the sound, as opposed to producing this behavior in response to a potential food reward. Bonnie's whistling was documented in the journal Primates by Dr. Serge Wich et al.

Hybrid orangutan
A hybrid orangutan or cocktail orangutan is usually an orangutan derived from interbreeding between any of the three Orangutan species: Bornean (Pongo pygmaeus), Sumatran (Pongo abelii) and Tapanuli (Pongo tapanuliensis), but the term "hybrid orangutan" could also refer to hybrids of the three known Bornean subspecies. As of 2015, there are approximately 134 living  Bornean x Sumatran hybrid orangutans in captivity.
The Gold Record
The Gold Record is the seventh studio album by American punk rock band the Bouncing Souls and was released on June 6, 2006. The band deemed this release to be 'the release of the beast' in reference to the date (6/6/06) being similar to the number of the beast (666).

The album includes two covers, of "Lean on Sheena" by Avoid One Thing and "Better Things" by The Kinks. "Letter from Iraq" is based on a poem sent to the band by Garett Reppenhagen, a soldier serving in Iraq.

"The Pizza Song" and "Lean on Sheena" were released as singles and music videos.

The World/Inferno Friendship Society
The World/Inferno Friendship Society (also referred to as World Inferno, or Inferno) was an American band from Brooklyn, New York. Its style merged punk, soul, klezmer and jazz, while its collective membership featured horns, piano and guitar and had a membership of about 40 players, of whom only about seven to ten active members usually performed at a time. The group was led by singer Jack Terricloth, who was the only constant during the group's history. Terricloth was known for his pointed commentary during shows; his monologues touched on politics and his transformation from the "old school."

Its lyrics often concerned historical or biographical subjects, such as Weimar-era Germany, Peter Lorre, Jeffrey Lee Pierce of the Gun Club, Paul Robeson, Leni Riefenstahl, Dante Alighieri, Philip K. Dick, and Jonathan Fire*Eater.

Terricloth died in May 2021.
Milnor–Thurston kneading theory
The Milnor–Thurston kneading theory is a mathematical theory which analyzes the iterates of piecewise monotone mappings of an interval into itself. The emphasis is on understanding the properties of the mapping that are invariant under topological conjugacy.

The theory had been developed by John Milnor and William Thurston in two widely circulated and influential Princeton preprints from 1977 that were revised in 1981 and finally published in 1988. Applications of the theory include piecewise linear models, counting of fixed points, computing the total variation, and constructing an invariant measure with maximal entropy.

Total variation
In mathematics, the total variation identifies several slightly different concepts, related to the (local or global) structure of the codomain of a function or a measure. For a real-valued continuous function f, defined on an interval [a, b] ⊂ R, its total variation on the interval of definition is a measure of the one-dimensional arclength of the curve with parametric equation x ↦ f(x), for x ∈ [a, b]. Functions whose total variation is finite are called functions of bounded variation.
Tracheobronchoplasty
A tracheobronchoplasty is a surgical procedure performed at limited medical facilities across the United States.  It consists of a thoracic surgery during which mesh is sutured to the outside of the patient's trachea through a series of hundreds of knots.  These sutures are in turn pulled taught which subsequently 'opens' the collapsed tissue in the tracheal wall creating an opening with which to process air.  The hope is eventually, this 'scaffolding' of sorts will scar over thereby strengthening the structure and making it permanent.

Recovery time is typically six to nine months and the patient should see gradual improvement in voice control, reduced coughing and an increased ability to move air more effectively.  Not all patients with tracheobronchomalacia can be considered candidates for this procedure.  However, it does offer an alternative for those patients who are unable to tolerate the more traditional stent therapy.

Cardiothoracic surgery
Cardiothoracic (CT) surgery is the field of medicine involved in surgical treatment of organs inside the thoracic cavity — generally treatment of conditions of the heart (heart disease), lungs (lung disease), and other pleural or mediastinal structures.

In most countries, cardiothoracic surgery is further subspecialized into cardiac surgery (involving the heart and the great vessels) and thoracic surgery (involving the lungs, esophagus, thymus, etc.); the exceptions are the United States, Australia, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, India and some European Union countries such as Portugal.
Convención
Convención is a Colombian municipality located in the department of North Santander. It is considered the largest producer of panela in the department. Account, according to figures estimated by the DANE, with a population of 16,605. It is located at 1,076 meters above sea level and has a temperate climate.

Departments of Colombia
Colombia is a unitary republic made up of thirty-two administrative divisions referred to as departments (Spanish: departamentos, sing. departamento) and one Capital District (Distrito Capital). Departments are country subdivisions and are granted a certain degree of autonomy. Each department has a governor (gobernador) and an Assembly (Asamblea Departamental), elected by popular vote for a four-year period. The governor cannot be re-elected in consecutive periods.

Departments are formed by a grouping of municipalities (municipios, sing. municipio). Municipal government is headed by mayor (alcalde) and administered by a municipal council (concejo municipal), both of which are elected by popular vote for four-year periods.
The Floating Shadows (triptych)
The Floating Shadows is a triptych made by Nabil Kanso in 1986 on the brutality and suffering inflicted during the Lebanese Civil War. The painting is oil on canvas and measures 2.75 x 7.60 meters (9 X 25 feet). It forms part of the Cluster Paintings series that Kanso began in 1986 and marks the transition to a new approach in his compositional framework. The pictorial layout divides the canvas space  into various sections reflecting a cluster of interlinked planes depicting floating figures of predominantly dark-blue set against deep orange ground and demarcated by white grayish areas.

Euclidean plane
In mathematics, a Euclidean plane is a Euclidean space of dimension two, denoted  or . It is a geometric space in which two real numbers are required to determine the position of each point. It is an affine space, which includes in particular the concept of parallel lines. It has also metrical properties induced by a distance, which allows to define circles, and angle measurement.

A Euclidean plane with a chosen Cartesian coordinate system is called a Cartesian plane.
The set  of the ordered pairs of real numbers (the real coordinate plane), equipped with the dot product, is often called the Euclidean plane or standard Euclidean plane, since every Euclidean plane is isomorphic to it.
Nic Fink
Nicolas Fink (born July 3, 1993) is an American competitive swimmer. He is a five-time world champion in breaststroke events and a 2024 Olympic Silver Medalist in the 100 meter breaststroke. He is a world record holder in the short course 4×100 meter medley relay and 4×50 meter mixed medley relay. He is the Americas record holder in the short course 50 meter breaststroke, 100 meter breaststroke, and 200 meter breaststroke as well as the American record holder in the long course 50 meter breaststroke. In the 50 meter breaststroke, he won the World Short Course titles in 2021 and 2022 and World Long Course title in 2022. In the 100 meter breaststroke, he is the 2022 World Short Course gold medalist. In the 200 meter breaststroke, he is the 2021 World Short Course gold medalist.

Cali Condors
The Cali Condors was a professional swimming club and one of the original eight clubs of the International Swimming League. The team was based in San Francisco led by general manager Jason Lezak and head coach Gregg Troy.  Assistant Coaches for the 2019 Season were Dean Boxall, Jeff Julian, and Linda Kiefer.

During the inaugural season in 2019 they earned their spot in the final as one of the top two teams in their division. They finished the season as the top American team in the league ahead of their rival LA Current.

The Condors won their first International Swimming League Championship during the 2020 Season in Budapest, Hungary.   They were led by Head Coach Jonty Skinner, and assistant coaches Allison Beebe, Sean Schimmel, and Brian Schrader.
Circle in the Round
Circle in the Round is a 1979 compilation album by jazz musician Miles Davis. It compiled outtakes from sessions across fifteen years of Davis's career that, with one exception, had been previously unreleased. All of its tracks have since been made available on album reissues and box sets.

George Benson
George Washington Benson (born March 22, 1943) is an American jazz fusion guitarist, singer, and songwriter. He began his professional career at the age of 19 as a jazz guitarist.

A former child prodigy, Benson first came to prominence in the 1960s, playing soul jazz with Jack McDuff and others. He then launched a successful solo career, alternating between jazz, pop, R&B singing, and scat singing. His album Breezin' was certified triple-platinum, hitting No. 1 on the Billboard album chart in 1976. His concerts were well attended through the 1980s, and he still has a large following. Benson has won ten Grammy Awards and has been honored with a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.
El día después
El día después (English: The day after) is a Spanish football show shown on #0 and formerly on Canal+. The show celebrates the "culture, passion and madness of Spanish football".

It is currently hosted by former Valencia goalkeeper Santiago Cañizares and the journalist José Antonio Ponseti.

Canal+ (French TV channel)
Canal+ (French: [kanal plys], meaning "Channel Plus"), also spelt Canal Plus and sometimes abbreviated C+ or Canal, is a French premium television channel owned by Canal+. The channel was launched in Paris and Issy-les-Moulineaux on November 4, 1984, and broadcasts to Metropolitan France. It broadcasts several kinds of programming, mostly encrypted, but some unencrypted content can be viewed free of charge.

Canal+ was co-founded by André Rousselet and Pierre Lescure. An early pioneer was Alain de Greef, who joined in 1986.
Tryszczyn-Elektrownia
Tryszczyn-Elektrownia [ˈtrɨʂt͡ʂɨn ɛlɛkˈtrɔvɲa] is part of the village of Tryszczyn in the administrative district of Gmina Koronowo, within Bydgoszcz County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland.

Bydgoszcz County
Bydgoszcz County (Polish: powiat bydgoski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-central Poland. It was created on 1 January 1999 as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Bydgoszcz, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county). The only towns in Bydgoszcz County are Solec Kujawski, which lies 17 km (11 mi) east of Bydgoszcz, and Koronowo, 23 km (14 mi) north of Bydgoszcz.

The county covers an area of 1,394.8 square kilometres (538.5 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 118,041, out of which the population of Solec Kujawski is 15,652, that of Koronowo is 11,162, and the rural population is 91,227.
Butia odorata
Butia odorata, also known as the South American jelly palm, jelly palm, or pindo palm, is a Butia palm native to southernmost Brazil and Uruguay.
This slow-growing palm grows up to 10m, although it is often less tall. It is identifiable by its feather palm pinnate leaves that arch inwards towards a thick stout trunk.

Odoardo Beccari
Odoardo Beccari (16 November 1843 – 25 October 1920) was an Italian botanist famous for his discoveries in Indonesia, New Guinea, and Australia. He has been called the greatest botanist to ever study Malesia. The standard author abbreviation Becc. is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.
Mayiladuthurai Junction railway station
Mayiladuthurai Junction (station code: MV) is a major railway station located in Mayiladuthurai, Tamil Nadu, India. It is managed by the Tiruchirappalli railway division of the Southern Railway zone of Indian Railways. Classified as an NSG–3 and "A++" category station, it has five platforms and serves as a junction for multiple rail routes in the region. The station supports 12 originating, 12 terminating, and approximately 66 train services daily.

Southern Railway zone
Southern Railway (abbreviated SR) is one of the 18 zones of Indian Railways. It is headquartered at Chennai and operates across the states of Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Karnataka , Andhra Pradesh and the union territory of Puducherry. It maintains about 5,081 km (3,157 mi) of railway lines and operates 727 railway stations.

The origin of the Southern Railway can be traced back to the mid-19th century. In 1835, the first railway track in India was constructed in Madras and became operational in 1837. The Madras Railway was formally established later in 1845. The Southern Railway was created on 14 April 1950 by merging three state railways, namely, the Madras and Southern Mahratta Railway, the South Indian Railway Company, and the Mysore State Railway and became the first railway zone of the Indian Railways.
Spirit world (Spiritualism)
The spirit world, according to spiritualism, is the world or realm inhabited by spirits, both good or evil of various spiritual manifestations. This spirit world is regarded as an external environment for spirits. The Spiritualism religious movement in the nineteenth century espoused a belief in an afterlife where an individual's awareness persists beyond death. Although independent from one another, both the spirit world and the physical world are in constant interaction. Through séances, trances, and other forms of mediumship, these worlds can consciously communicate with each other. The spirit world is sometimes described by mediums from the natural world in trance.

Trance
Trance is a state of semi-consciousness in which a person is not self-aware and is either altogether unresponsive to external stimuli (but nevertheless capable of pursuing and realizing an aim) or is selectively responsive in following the directions of the person (if any) who has induced the trance. Trance states may occur involuntarily and unbidden.

The term trance may be associated with hypnosis, spirit possession, magic, flow, prayer, psychedelic drugs, and altered states of consciousness.
U.S. Route 24 in Ohio
U.S. Route 24 (US 24) is a United States Numbered Highway that runs from Minturn, Colorado, to Independence Township, Michigan. In Ohio, it is an expressway and freeway for much of its length, from the Indiana state line to Maumee. From there northeast to the Michigan state line at Toledo, it is a surface highway.

Independence Township, Michigan
Independence Township is a charter township of Oakland County in the U.S. state of Michigan.  The population was 36,686 at the 2020 census.

Independence Township was first organized in 1834.  The township surrounds the city of Clarkston, but the two are administered autonomously after Clarkston incorporated as a city in 1992.  The township is home to the Pine Knob Music Theatre and the Pine Knob Ski Resort.