hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Banthra Sikandarpur
Banthra Sikandarpur, also called Banthra or Banthara, is a village in Sarojaninagar block of Lucknow district, Uttar Pradesh, India. As of 2011, its population was 10,989, in 1,885 households. A regular market is held here. The village lands cover an area of 703.8 hectares, of which 341.4 (48.5%) were farmlands as of 2011. Fallow lands covered 182.9 hectares (26.0% of the total), and areas under non-agricultural uses covered 66.2 hectares, or 9.4% of the total land area.

Sarojaninagar
Sarojininagar, also spelled Sarojani Nagar, is a community development block in Lucknow district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is part of the tehsil of Lucknow and it includes 90 villages. As of 2011, its population was 224,045, in 40,923 households.

Sarojininagar is also the name of two wards of Lucknow, together making up 32 mohallas of the city.
Higashimatsushitachō, Tokyo
Higashimatsushitachō (東松下町), or officially Kanda-Higashimatsushitachō (神田東松下町), is a district of Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan. As of April 1, 2007, the district's population is 198. Its postal code is 101-0042.

Kanda-Higashimatsushitachō is located on the northeastern part. It borders Kanda-Sudachō to the north, Iwamotochō and Kanda-Iwamotochō to the east, Kanda-Higashikonyachō to the south, Kanda-Konyachō and Kanda-Tomiyamachō to the southwest, and Kanda-Kajichō to the west.

Kanda-Higashimatsushitachō is a business district located near the east exit of the Kanda Station.

Districts of Japan
In Japan, a district (郡, gun) is composed of one or more rural municipalities (towns or villages) within a prefecture. Districts have no governing function, and are only used for geographic or statistical purposes such as mailing addresses. Cities are not part of districts.

Historically, districts have at times functioned as an administrative unit.  From 1878 to 1921 district governments were roughly equivalent to a county of the United States, ranking below prefecture and above town or village, on the same level as a city. District governments were entirely abolished by 1926.
Veľké Straciny
Veľké Straciny (Hungarian: Nagyhalom) is a village and municipality in the Veľký Krtíš District of the Banská Bystrica Region of southern Slovakia. As of 31 December 2004, the municipality has an area of 6 km2 and a population density of 24 persons per km2.

Banská Bystrica Region
The Banská Bystrica Region (Slovak: Banskobystrický kraj, pronounced [ˈbanskɔbistritskiː ˈkraj]; Hungarian: Besztercebányai kerület, pronounced [ˈbɛstɛrt͡sɛbaːɲɒi ˈkɛrylɛt]) is one of the eight regions of Slovakia. It is the largest of the eight regions by area, and has a lower population density than any other region. The Banská Bystrica Region was established in 1923; its borders were last adjusted in 1996. Banská Bystrica consists of 514 municipalities, 24 of which have town status. Its administrative center is the eponymous town of Banská Bystrica, which is also the region's largest town. Other important towns are Zvolen and Lučenec.
Valico di San Fermo
Valico di San Fermo also called Valico di San Clemente (1129 m) is a mountain pass between province of Genoa and province of Alessandria in Italy.

It connects the Borbera and Vobbia valley, linking Cabella Ligure (Piedmont) and Vobbia (Liguria) in the south.

Borbera
The Borbera (Borbëa in Ligurian or Borbaja in Piedmontese) is a major torrente (a stream whose flow is marked by a high degree of seasonal variation) of the Province of Alessandria in the Italian region Piedmont.
The Industrialist
The Industrialist is the eighth studio album by American industrial metal band Fear Factory, released on June 5, 2012.

A remixed and remastered version of the album, titled Re-Industrialized, was released on June 23, 2023, featuring live drums recorded with Mike Heller, who appears on the band's subsequent albums.

Industrial metal
Industrial metal is the fusion of heavy metal and industrial music, typically employing repeating metal guitar riffs, sampling, synthesizer or sequencer lines, and distorted vocals. Prominent industrial metal acts include Ministry, Nine Inch Nails, Fear Factory, Rammstein, KMFDM, and Godflesh.

Industrial metal developed in the late 1980s, as industrial and metal began to fuse into a common genre.  Industrial metal did well in the early 1990s, particularly in North America, with the success of groups such as Nine Inch Nails, but its popularity began to fade in the latter half of the 1990s.
The Four Books
The Four Books (Arabic: ٱلْكُتُب ٱلْأَرْبَعَة, romanized: al-Kutub al-ʾArbaʿa) are the four canonical hadith collections of Shia Islam. The term is used mostly by Twelver Shias.

Shia Muslims use different hadith books than those used by Sunni Muslims, who prize the six major hadith collections. Unlike Sunnis, Twelver Shi'i Muslims uphold the Twelve Imams as their absolute authority of religion after the prophet Muhammad, and thus much of their hadith is transmitted on the authority of the Imams. Shi'ites considers many hadith transmitters in Sunni tradition to be unreliable, particularly due to their indifferent or, at times, antagonistic stance towards Ahl al-Bayt (Household of Muhammad).

Ahl al-Bayt
Ahl al-Bayt (Arabic: أهل البيت, lit. 'people of the house') refers to the family of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. In Sunni Islam, the term has also been extended to all descendants of the Banu Hashim (Muhammad's clan) and even to all Muslims. In Shia Islam, the term is limited to Muhammad, his daughter Fatima, his cousin and son-in-law Ali, and their two sons, Ḥasan and Ḥusayn. A common Sunni view adds the wives of Muhammad to these five.

While all Muslims revere the Ahl al-Bayt, Shia Muslims assert that members of the Ahl al-Bayt are spiritual successors to Muhammad, possessing divine knowledge and infallibility. The Twelver Shiʿa also believe in the redemptive power of the pain and martyrdom endured by the members of the Ahl al-Bayt, particularly Husayn. Sunni Muslims, who do not believe in spiritual succession to Muhammad, only hold the Ahl al-Bayt in high regard.
Passenger (Mnemic album)
Passenger is the third album by Danish industrial metal band Mnemic, and their first to feature vocalist Guillaume Bideau (formerly of Scarve).

Originally, mixing duties were to be handled by Andy Sneap, but the band later decided to have Tue Madsen (producer and mixer on both previous albums) mix instead. Christian Olde Wolbers from Fear Factory also did co-production work for this album. Since this album, the guitarists use downtuned 7-string guitars.

To promote the album, the band went on a tour of North America in January and February 2007 with God Forbid, Goatwhore, Arsis, The Human Abstract, and Byzantine and on a tour of the UK with the Deftones in March.

The Human Abstract (band)
The Human Abstract was an American progressive metalcore band from Los Angeles, California. Formed in 2004, the group was originally signed to the independent label Hopeless Records, the band then released the two albums Nocturne (2006) and Midheaven (2008) before signing to eOne Music and releasing Digital Veil (2011). The Human Abstract went through several lineup changes over the years, with the final consisting of founding members Dean Herrera, A.J. Minette and Brett Powell, in addition to Henry Selva and Travis Richter.

The band's music incorporates dissonance and sweep picking in the guitar work. Loudwire compared their sound to Between the Buried and Me.
Tan Kin Lian
Tan Kin Lian PBM BBM (born 9 March 1948) is a Singaporean businessman who served as the chief executive officer of NTUC Income between 1977 and 2007.

On 7 June 2011, Tan announced his intention to stand for the presidency in the 2011 presidential election. He was unsuccessful in his bid, losing with 4.91% of the vote to Tony Tan. On 11 August 2023, Tan announced his intention to stand for the presidency again in the 2023 presidential election. He was unsuccessful in his bid, losing with 13.87% of the vote to Tharman Shanmugaratnam.

Marine Parade
Marine Parade is a planning area and residential estate located on the eastern fringe of the Central Region of Singapore. Straddling the tip of the southeastern coast of mainland Singapore, Marine Parade serves as a buffer between the Central and East regions of the country. Bordering it are the planning areas of Geylang to the north, Kallang to the northwest, Bedok to the northeast, Marina East to the southwest and the Singapore Straits to the south.

Marine Parade is further divided into five subzones, East Coast, Katong, Marine Parade, Marina East (not to be confused with Marina East, the neighbouring planning area), and Mountbatten.
Botryobasidiaceae
The Botryobasidiaceae are a family of fungi in the order Cantharellales. The family contains a group of corticioid fungi that form thin, web-like basidiocarps. Some species form asexual anamorphs producing chlamydospores. All are believed to be wood-rotting or litter-rotting saprotrophs. None is known to be of any economic importance.

Basidiocarp
In fungi, a basidiocarp, basidiome, or basidioma (pl. basidiomata) is the sporocarp of a basidiomycete, the multicellular structure on which the spore-producing hymenium is borne. Basidiocarps are characteristic of the hymenomycetes; rusts and smuts do not produce such structures. As with other sporocarps, epigeous (above-ground) basidiocarps that are visible to the naked eye (especially those with a more or less agaricoid morphology) are commonly referred to as mushrooms, while hypogeous (underground) basidiocarps are usually called false truffles.
Maarbalit
Maarbalit (Arabic: معربليت also spelt Ma'rablit or Maarablit)  is a Syrian village located in Ariha Nahiyah in Ariha District, Idlib.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Maarbalit had a population of 2178 in the 2004 census.

Ariha Subdistrict
Ariha Subdistrict (Arabic: ناحية مركز أريحا) is a Syrian nahiyah (subdistrict) in Ariha District in Idlib.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Ariha had a population of 83,487 in the 2004 census. As of July 2023, the subdistrict has an estimated population of 110,734, of whom 32,666 were IDPs from other parts of Syria.
Shahzaib Ahmed
Shahzaib Ahmed (born 8 September 1991) is a Pakistani first-class cricketer who plays for Peshawar cricket team. In September 2019, he was named in Balochistan's squad for the 2019–20 Quaid-e-Azam Trophy tournament.

Peshawar cricket team
The Peshawar cricket team is a Pakistani first-class cricket team from Peshawar. The team's home ground is Arbab Niaz Stadium, Peshawar. They participate in the Quaid-e-Azam Trophy. It was refounded in the 2023/24 season after a revamp of the domestic structure.
Beryllium cyanide
Beryllium cyanide is an inorganic chemical compound with the formula Be(CN)2. It is a toxic white solid which hydrolyses in water. It was first prepared in 1963 by the addition of dimethylberyllium to a solution of hydrogen cyanide in benzene:

(CH3)2Be + 2 HCN → Be(CN)2 + 2 CH4

A safer modern synthesis has been developed, reacting trimethylsilyl cyanide and beryllium chloride in dibutyl ether. Performing this reaction in liquid ammonia gives the ammoniate, Be(NH3)4(CN)2.

Beryllium cyanide reacts with pyridine to form Be(CN)2(py)2.

Trimethylsilyl cyanide
Trimethylsilyl cyanide is the chemical compound with the formula (CH3)3SiCN. This volatile colorless liquid consists of a cyanide group, that is CN, attached to a trimethylsilyl group. The molecule is used in organic synthesis as the equivalent of hydrogen cyanide.  It is prepared by the reaction of lithium cyanide and trimethylsilyl chloride:

LiCN + (CH3)3SiCl → (CH3)3SiCN + LiCl
Year's Best SF (Book 1)
Year's Best SF is a science fiction anthology edited by David G. Hartwell that was published in 1996. It is the first in the Year's Best SF series, which was published every year until 2013.

As a "Best Of" anthology, all the stories in this book previously appeared either in science fiction magazines, original short fiction collections, or online publications. Its importance lies in that it, and the competing Year's Best Science Fiction anthology, are representative of the best short science fiction of the year.

Science fiction magazine
A science fiction magazine is a publication that offers primarily science fiction, either in a hard-copy periodical format or on the Internet. Science fiction magazines traditionally featured speculative fiction in short story, novelette, novella or (usually serialized) novel form, a format that continues into the present day. Many also contain editorials, book reviews or articles, and some also include stories in the fantasy and horror genres.
Martinoli
Martinoli is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alcherio Martinoli, Swiss roboticist

Christian Martinoli (born 1975), Argentine-born Mexican sports journalist and sports commentator

Lida Martinoli (1914–1991), Argentine dancer, choreographer, and theatre performer

Stefano Martinoli (born 1935), Italian rower

Teresio Martinoli (1917–1944), Italian fighter pilot

Teresio Vittorio Martinoli
Teresio Vittorio Martinoli, MOVM, (26 March 1917 – 25 August 1944) was an Italian World War II fighter pilot in the Regia Aeronautica and in the Italian Co-Belligerent Air Force (ICBAF).
During the war, he fought over Libya and Tunisia, in North Africa,  on  Malta, and was involved in the defence of the Italian mainland. Martinoli has been credited with 22 air victories and 14 shared destroyed in 276 sorties.  Flying the Fiat C.R.42 biplane and Macchi C.202 and C.205 monoplanes, he shot down: a Gloster Gladiator, Bristol Blenheims,  Hawker Hurricanes, Curtiss P-40s, Spitfires, a P-38 Lightning, a Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress, and a Junkers Ju 52, the last after the Armistice of Cassibile.

He lost his life in a flying accident on 25 August 1944, while converting from the C.205 to the P-39 Airacobra.
Wanfu Temple
Wanfu Temple (simplified Chinese: 万福寺; traditional Chinese: 萬福寺; pinyin: Wànfú Sì) is a Buddhist temple on Mount Huangbo in Fuqing, Fujian, China. It is famous as the original temple of Yinyuan Longqi, the temple's 33rd abbot and a Chan master.  He later travelled to Japan with his disciple Muyan to found the Japanese Ōbaku school of Zen.

Found in 789 by Chan master Zhenggan (正干) in the Tang dynasty (618–907), it was destroyed and rebuilt several times. A modern restoration of the entire temple complex was carried out in 1989 and again in 2016.

Mampuku-ji, head temple of the Ōbaku school, is named after this temple.

Mu'an
Mu'an (Chinese: 木庵性瑫; pinyin: Mù'ān Xìngtāo; Japanese Mokuan Shōtō) (1611–1684) was a Chinese Chan monk who followed his master Ingen to Japan in 1654. Mokuan was from Chuanchow in what was then Fukien Province. He and Sokuhi Nyoitsu were the two disciples most involved in spreading Ingen's teachings.
338th Guards Rocket Artillery Brigade
The 338th Guards Dvinsk Order of Alexander Nevsky Rocket Artillery Brigade (Military Unit Number 57367, abbreviated in Russian as 338 reabr), is an artillery (Multiple rocket launcher) formation of the Russian Ground Forces. The brigade is based in Ussuriysk, Primorye Territory. It is equipped with versions of the BM-27 Uragan (9K57).

The unit is part of the Eastern Military District.

BM-27 Uragan
The BM-27 Uragan (Russian: БМ-27 Ураган, lit. 'Hurricane'; GRAU index 9P140) is a self-propelled 220 mm multiple rocket launcher designed in the Soviet Union to deliver cluster munitions. The system began its service with the Soviet Army in the late 1970s, and was its first spin and fin stabilized heavy multiple rocket launcher.

An updated version known as Uragan-1M was commissioned in 2008. The truck vehicle has no similarities.
Japan Cable Television
Japan Cable Television (日本ケーブルテレビジョン) (JCTV) is a Japanese television production company, established in October 1971. Its major shareholders are TV Asahi Holdings and Tokyu Agency. It also distributes CNN channels to Japan, available on SKY PerfecTV! and other providers.

SKY PerfecTV!
SKY PerfecTV! (スカパー！, Sukapā!) is a direct broadcast satellite (DBS) service that provides satellite television, audio programming and interactive television services to households in Japan, owned by parent company SKY Perfect JSAT Corporation.

SKY PerfecTV! is also a direct broadcast satellite (DBS) service. While SKY PerfecTV! Premium Service use DVB-S and DVB-S2, SKY PerfecTV! Basic Service use ISDB-S.
Dignity and Impudence
Dignity and Impudence is an 1839 oil painting by the British artist Edwin Landseer. It features a bloodhound and a much smaller West Highland terrier side by side, their sharply contrasting personalities reflected by the title. The dogs, named Grafton and Scratch, respectively, belonged to the chemist and politician Jacob Bell, who commissioned the picture.

Landseer was a noted animal painter and Bell collected several of his works. This has become one of Landseer's best-known and most popular paintings of dogs.

The painting was displayed at the British Institution's 1839 exhibition in Pall Mall and later featured at the Manchester Art Treasures Exhibition of 1857. It was donated by Bell to the National Gallery in 1859. It was later transferred to the collection of the Tate Britain in Pimlico.

Pall Mall, London
Pall Mall /ˌpæl ˈmæl/ ⓘ is a street in the St James's area of the City of Westminster, Central London. It connects St James's Street to Trafalgar Square and is a section of the regional A4 road. The street's name is derived from pall-mall, a ball game played there during the 17th century, which in turn is derived from the Italian pallamaglio, literally "ball-mallet".

The area was built up during the reign of Charles II with fashionable London residences. It is known for high-class shopping in the 18th century until the present, and gentlemen's clubs in the 19th. The Reform, Athenaeum and Travellers clubs have survived to the 21st century. The War Office was based on Pall Mall during the second half of the 19th century, and the Royal Automobile Club's headquarters have been on the street since 1908.
Riina Sikkut
Riina Sikkut (born 12 January 1983) is an Estonian politician of the Social Democratic Party of Estonia who served as Minister of Economic Affairs and Infrastructure in the second cabinet of Prime Minister Kaja Kallas. She also served as Minister of Health and Labour in Jüri Ratas' first cabinet. She was sworn in on 2 May 2018, after the former minister Jevgeni Ossinovski had vacated the seat, and left the office on 29 April 2019.

Sikkut was sworn in as Minister of Health in the third cabinet of Kaja Kallas on 17 April 2023 and served until 11 March 2025. After the Social Democratic Party was removed from government by its coalition partners, she was succeeded by Karmen Joller.

Kaja Kallas's third cabinet
The third cabinet of Kaja Kallas was the cabinet of Estonia from 17 April 2023 to 22 July 2024. The cabinet was formed following the 2023 parliamentary election. 
On 15 July 2024 Kaja Kallas, who had been chosen as nominee for High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy in the European Commission, submitted her resignation as Prime Minister, triggering the immediate resignation of her entire cabinet. The cabinet remained in place until the formation of  Kristen Michal's cabinet on 22 July.
Muur Classic Geraardsbergen
The Muur Classic Geraardsbergen is a one-day road cycling race held annually in Geraardsbergen, Belgium since 2023. It is rated as a 1.1 category event on the UCI Europe Tour, having upgraded from 1.2 status in 2024.

Geraardsbergen
Geraardsbergen (Dutch: [ˈɣeːraːrtsˌbɛrɣə(n)] ⓘ; French: Grammont [ɡʁamɔ̃]) is a city and municipality located in the Denderstreek and in the Flemish Ardennes, the hilly southern part of the Belgian province of East Flanders. The municipality comprises the city of Geraardsbergen proper and the following towns:

Goeferdinge, Grimminge, Idegem, Moerbeke, Nederboelare, Nieuwenhove, Onkerzele, Ophasselt, Overboelare, Schendelbeke, Smeerebbe-Vloerzegem, Viane, Waarbeke, Zandbergen and Zarlardinge.

In 2021, Geraardsbergen had a total population of 33,970. The total area is 79.71 km2.

The current mayor of Geraardsbergen is Ann Panis, from the (liberal) party Open VLD.
Olibanic acid
Olibanic acid is an organic compound that is naturally found in frankincense. Even though it is present in smaller concentrations than other components, it has a highly potent odor and is believed to be one of the key components responsible for the distinctive smell of frankincense. Both the (1S,2S)-(+)-trans and (1S,2R)-(+)-cis enantiomers are present and have similar but not identical "old church"-like odors.

Odor
An odor (American English) or odour (Commonwealth English; see spelling differences) is a smell or a scent caused by one or more volatilized chemical compounds generally found in low concentrations that humans and many animals can perceive via their olfactory system. While smell can refer to pleasant and unpleasant odors, the terms scent, aroma, and fragrance are usually reserved for pleasant-smelling odors and are frequently used in the food and cosmetic industry to describe floral scents or to refer to perfumes.
Old Chiangmai–Bangkok Sign Language family
The Old Chiangmai–Bangkok Sign Language family is a language family of two related sign languages: Old Chiangmai Sign Language and Old Bangkok Sign Language.  Woodward (2003) found that they were 65% cognate, indicating that the two languages are related, possibly due to migration between Chiangmai and Bangkok. There appear to be connections to sign languages of Vietnam (especially to Hai Phong Sign Language), and possibly Laotian sign languages, but the nature of these connections (whether areal or genetic) has not been determined. Village sign languages of Thailand, such as Ban Khor Sign Language, are unrelated.

Ban Khor Sign Language
Ban Khor Sign Language (BKSL; Thai: ภาษามือบ้านค้อ) is a village sign language used by at least 400 people of a rice-farming community in the village of Ban Khor in a remote area of Isan (northeastern Thailand). Known locally as pasa kidd ('language of the mute'), it developed in the 1930s due to a high number of deaf people. Estimated number of users in 2009 was 16 deaf and approximately 400 hearing out of 2741 villagers. It is a language isolate, independent of the other sign languages of Thailand such as Old Bangkok Sign Language and the national Thai Sign Language.

Thai Sign Language is increasingly exerting an influence on BKSL. Younger Deaf attend distant residential Deaf schools where they learn Thai Sign Language. Even middle-aged hearing people are using Thai SL vocabulary mixed with BKSL. Attitudes favoring Thai SL over BKSL are beginning to be expressed.
Differential testing
Differential testing, also known as differential fuzzing, is a software testing technique that detect bugs, by providing the same input to a series of similar applications (or to different implementations of the same application), and observing differences in their execution. Differential testing complements traditional software testing because it is well-suited to find semantic or logic bugs that do not exhibit explicit erroneous behaviors like crashes or assertion failures. Differential testing is also called back-to-back testing.

Differential testing finds semantic bugs by using different implementations of the same functionality as cross-referencing oracles, pinpointing differences in their outputs over the same input: any discrepancy between the program behaviors on the same input is marked as a potential bug.

Oracle machine
In complexity theory and computability theory, an oracle machine is an abstract machine that can query a black box called an oracle, which is able to give an answer to any instance of a certain problem ⁠⁠ in a single operation. The problem ⁠⁠ can be of any complexity class, or it can even be an undecidable problem such as the halting problem. If another problem ⁠⁠ is reducible to ⁠⁠ in polynomial time, then the oracle machine (with the ⁠⁠-oracle) can solve ⁠⁠ in polynomial time; one can say that ⁠⁠ is in the relativized complexity class ⁠⁠. Other relativized complexity classes such as ⁠⁠ can be defined analogously.