hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Takamatsu Castle (Sanuki)
Takamatsu Castle (高松城, Takamatsu-jō) is a Japanese castle located in central Takamatsu, Kagawa Prefecture, on the island of Shikoku, Japan.  It is also called Tamamo Castle (玉藻城, Tamamo-jō), literally "seaweed castle," for its seawater moats. The castle was headquarters of the Takamatsu Domain, which ruled eastern Sanuki Province (modern-day Kagawa) from 1588 to 1869. It is now a park. The castle site has been a National Historic Site since 1955. This castle is one of three in Japan to use seawater moats, along with Imabari Castle in Ehime Prefecture and Nakatsu Castle in Ōita Prefecture.

Ehime Prefecture
Ehime Prefecture (愛媛県, Ehime-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [eꜜ.çi.me, e.çi.meꜜ.keɴ]) is a prefecture of Japan located on the island of Shikoku. Ehime Prefecture has a population of 1,334,841 and a geographic area of 5,676 km2 (2,191 sq mi). Ehime Prefecture borders Kagawa Prefecture to the northeast, Tokushima Prefecture to the east, and Kōchi Prefecture to the southeast. Ehime Prefecture also borders Hiroshima Prefecture for 74 metres (243 ft) on Hyōtanjima.

Matsuyama is the capital and largest city of Ehime Prefecture and the largest city on Shikoku, with other major cities including Imabari, Niihama, and Saijō.

Notable past Ehime residents include three Nobel Prize winners: Kenzaburo Oe (1994 Nobel Prize in Literature), Shuji Nakamura (2014 Nobel Prize in Physics), and Syukuro Manabe (2021 Nobel Prize in Physics).
1983 Canada Soccer National Championships
The 1983 Canada Soccer National Championships was the 61st staging of Canada Soccer's domestic football club competition. Vancouver Firefighters won the Challenge Trophy after they beat CNSC Windsor Croatia in the Canadian Final at Fort William Stadium in Thunder Bay on 10 October 1983.

Four teams qualified to the final weekend of the 1983 National Championships in Thunder Bay. In the Semifinals, Vancouver Firefighters FC beat Montréal Elio Blues while CNSC Windsor Croatia beat Halifax King of Donair.

On the road to the National Championships, Vancouver Firefighters FC beat Victoria Vikings in the BC Province Cup and then both Lethbridge Royals and Regina Concordia in the Western Regional Playoff.

Surrey United SC
Surrey United Soccer Club is a Canadian amateur soccer club based in the Cloverdale area in Surrey, British Columbia, Canada. The club was founded in 1968. The senior men's team goes by the name Surrey United Firefighters and plays in the Fraser Valley Soccer League.
The River Why (film)
The River Why is a 2010 American independent drama film directed by Matthew Leutwyler. It is an adaptation of the 1983 Sierra Club novel of the same name by David James Duncan and stars Zach Gilford, William Hurt and Amber Heard. Showtime broadcast the film in August 2011 and was later screened in the United States as benefit for fish and river conservation groups. The film was released on Blu-ray and DVD on November 8, 2011. The film won the award for Best Cinematography at the Ashland Film Festival and the Audience Award for Best film at The Naples International Film Festival.

The film's title is a homophone of the River Wye.

River Wye
The River Wye (/waɪ/; Welsh: Afon Gwy [ɡʊɨ̯]) is the fourth-longest river in the UK, stretching some 250 kilometres (155 miles) from its source on Plynlimon in Mid Wales to the Severn Estuary.  The lower reaches of the river form part of the border between England and Wales. The Wye Valley (lower part) is designated a National Landscape (formerly an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty). The Wye is important for nature conservation and recreation, but is affected by pollution.
Dave Pietramala
Dave Pietramala (born 1967) is the defensive coordinator for the University of North Carolina men's lacrosse team and the former head coach for the Johns Hopkins University Men's Lacrosse team. He also served as the DC for the Syracuse University Men's Lacrosse team. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest defensemen in lacrosse history, and is a member of the U.S. Lacrosse Hall of Fame. He is the only person to win a men's lacrosse NCAA national championship as both a player and coach, and the only person to be named both player and coach of the year.

Johns Hopkins Blue Jays men's lacrosse
The Johns Hopkins Blue Jays men's lacrosse team represents Johns Hopkins University in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I college lacrosse.
Since 2015, the Blue Jays have represented the Big Ten Conference.
Dryadula phaetusa
Dryadula is a monotypic genus of the butterfly family Nymphalidae. Its single species, Dryadula phaetusa, known as the banded orange heliconian, banded orange, or orange tiger, is native from Brazil to central Mexico, and in summer can be found rarely as far north as central Florida. Its wingspan ranges from 86 to 89 mm, and it is colored a bright orange with thick black stripes in males and a duller orange with fuzzier black stripes in females.

It feeds primarily on the nectar of flowers and on bird droppings; its caterpillar feeds on passion vines including Passiflora tetrastylis. It is generally found in lowland tropical fields and valleys.

This species is unpalatable to birds and belongs to the "orange" Müllerian mimicry complex.

male underside

female dorsal side

pinned specimen (both sides) - MHNT

female underside

pinned specimen (female dorsal side)

Muséum de Toulouse
The Muséum de Toulouse (Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle de la ville de Toulouse, MHNT; Occitan: Musèu d'Istòria Naturala de la vila de Tolosa, MINT) is a museum of natural history in Toulouse, France. It is located in the Busca-Montplaisir neighborhood of the city, houses a collection of more than 2.5 million items, and has some 3,000 square metres (32,000 sq ft) of exhibition space. Its Index Herbariorum code is TLM.
Warren State Hospital
Warren State Hospital is a public psychiatric hospital established in 1880 in North Warren, Conewango Township near Warren, Pennsylvania. The original hospital was designed by John McArthur Jr. and constructed under the Kirkbride Plan. Its population peaked at 2,562 residents in 1947. As of 2024, the hospital is still active.

Residents included Nictzin Dyalhis’s first wife and Joe Root. Known staff included Penny Colman’s father and  Philipp Schwartz  as well as Dr. Hanus Jiri Grosz, a Czech-born psychiatrist who went on to pioneer the use of group therapy in the U.S.

Penny Colman
Penny Colman (born September 2, 1944) is an American author of books, essays, stories, and articles for all ages. In 2005, her social history, Corpses, Coffins, and Crypts: A History of Burial, was named one of the 100 Best of the Best Books for the 21st Century by members of the Young Adult Library Services Association (YALSA), a division of the American Library Association (ALA).
Luis Pérez Rodríguez
Luis Pérez Rodríguez (born 16 June 1974 in Torrelaguna, Spain) is retired road racing cyclist. He competed professionally between 1995 and 2007, and last rode for the Andalucía–CajaSur team.

During his career, Pérez scored two stage wins in Grand Tour events, both in the Vuelta a España. During his last season with Andalucía–CajaSur, he scored a 1st Overall in the Clásica Internacional de Alcobendas, a three-day stage race. In November 2007, before retiring from Andalucía–CajaSur, Pérez won the first annual Criterium Ciudad de Jaén race, an unofficial two-day competition held during the off-season of the UCI World Tour circuit.

UCI World Tour
The UCI WorldTour is the premier men's elite road cycling tour, sitting above the UCI ProSeries and various regional UCI Continental Circuits. It refers to both the tour of 38 events and, until 2019, an annual ranking system  based upon performances in these. The World Ranking was launched in 2009, (known from 2009–2010 as the UCI World Ranking) and merged fully with its predecessor the UCI ProTour in 2011. UCI WorldTeams must compete at all events that were part of the tour prior to the 2017 expansion.
Black Lake (Central Frontenac)
Black Lake is a lake in the municipality of Central Frontenac, Frontenac County in Eastern Ontario, Canada. It is part of the Saint Lawrence River drainage basin.

The primary outflow, at the west, is an unnamed creek that flows to Sharbot Lake, which in turn flows via the Fall River, the Mississippi River and the Ottawa River to the Saint Lawrence River.

Sharbot Lake Provincial Park envelops the northern, western and southern sides of the lake. Ontario Highway 7 runs along the north side of the lake.

Eastern Ontario
Eastern Ontario (census population 1,892,332 in 2021) (French: Est de l'Ontario) is a secondary region of Southern Ontario in the Canadian province of Ontario. It occupies a wedge-shaped area bounded by the Ottawa River and Quebec to the northeast and east, the St. Lawrence River and New York to the south, and Northern Ontario and Central Ontario to the west and northwest.
Konstantin Slavin
Konstantin Slavin is a Professor and Head of the Department of Stereotactic and functional neurosurgery at the University of Illinois College of Medicine. He is a former president of the American Society for Stereotactic and functional neurosurgery and current vice-president of the World Society for Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery. His specialties include Aneurysm, Brain surgery, Brain Tumor, Cerebrovascular Disorders, Craniotomy, Dystonia, Essential Tremor, Facial Nerve Pain, Facial Pain, Glioblastoma, Headache disorders, Laminectomy, Lower back pain, Movement Disorders, Multiple Sclerosis, Neck Pain, Neurosurgery, Neurosurgical Procedures, Pain, Parkinson Disease, Spinal Cord Injuries, and Stroke.

Dystonia
Dystonia is a neurological hyperkinetic movement disorder  in which sustained or repetitive muscle contractions occur involuntarily, resulting in twisting and repetitive movements or abnormal fixed postures. The movements may resemble a tremor. Dystonia is often intensified or exacerbated by physical activity, and symptoms may progress into adjacent muscles.

The disorder may be hereditary or caused by other factors such as birth-related or other physical trauma, infection, poisoning (e.g., lead poisoning) or reaction to pharmaceutical drugs, particularly neuroleptics, or stress. Treatment must be highly customized to the needs of the individual and may include oral medications, chemodenervation botulinum neurotoxin injections, physical therapy, or other supportive therapies, and surgical procedures such as deep brain stimulation.
Gatley (surname)
Gatley is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alfred Gatley (1816–1863), English sculptor

George G. Gatley (1868—1931), United States Army officer

Ian Gatley, former provost and vice president of New Jersey Institute of Technology, US

Julia Gatley, architect, academic, architectural historian and author from New Zealand

Lyle Gatley (born 1945), Canadian Olympic rower

Ian Gatley
Ian Gatley was the former Provost and Senior Vice President for Academic Affairs of New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT) in Newark, New Jersey.He is also a Distinguished Professor of Physics in the department of Physics at the College of Science and Liberal Arts in NJIT.
He is a prolific scholar well known in Astronomy and Imaging Science.
1945 Estonian SSR Football Championship
The 1945 Estonian SSR Football Championship was won by Tallinna Dünamo.

Unlike the 1941 championship, which was dominated by the Dynamo sports society, this championship had representation of several teams from the Baltic Military District. Also, the Estonian Sports Association Kalev as one of the few national Estonian sports organizations was admitted to the Soviet competition.

After the win, Tallinna Dünamo was admitted to the 1946 Football Championship of the Russian SFSR, third tier (west group).

Baltic Military District
The Baltic Military District (Russian: Прибалтийский военный округ (ПрибВО)) was a military district of the Soviet Armed Forces in the Baltic states, formed shortly before the German invasion during World War II. After the end of the war the Kaliningrad Oblast was added to the District's control in 1946, and the territory of Estonia was transferred back to the Baltic Military District from the Leningrad Military District in 1956.

The Baltic Military District was disbanded after the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991 and reorganised into the North Western Group of Forces, which ceased to exist following the withdrawal of all Russian troops from Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania on 1 September 1994.
Outline of patents
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to patents:

Patent – set of exclusive rights granted by a sovereign state to an inventor or assignee for a limited period of time in exchange for detailed public disclosure of an invention. An invention is a solution to a specific technological problem and is a product or a process. Patents are a form of intellectual property.

Disclosure of the invention under the European Patent Convention
Article 83 of the European Patent Convention (EPC) relates to the disclosure of the invention under the European Patent Convention. This legal provision prescribes that a European patent application must disclose the invention (which is the subject of the European patent application) in a manner sufficiently clear and complete for it to be carried out by a person skilled in the art.
Balendu Prakash
Vaidya Balendu Prakash is an Indian Ayurveda practitioner. He is a former physician to the President of India and the founder of Paadav, a specialty Ayurvedic hospital in Dehradun. The Government of India awarded him the fourth highest civilian award of the Padma Shri in 1999.

Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram
The Regional Cancer Centre (RCC) at Thiruvananthapuram is a cancer care hospital and research centre. RCC was established in 1981 by the Government of Kerala and the Government of India. It  is located in the Thiruvananthapuram Medical College campus in Thiruvananthapuram, the capital city of the state of Kerala. It was established as an expansion of the Radiation Therapy / Radiotherapy department of Medical College Trivandrum. It is a tertiary care center for the managements of all types of cancers. The clinics are mainly on Haematology, Lymphoreticular, soft tissue, bone, head and neck, breast, CNS, gynaecological, urinary, chest, gastro, paediatric oncology and thyroid.
Ferenc Csonka
Ferenc Csonka is a Hungarian sprint canoer who competed in the early 1950s. He won two medals at the 1954 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships in Mâcon with a silver in the C-2 10000 m and a bronze in the C-2 1000 m events.

Mâcon
Mâcon (French pronunciation: [mɑ.kɔ̃] ⓘ), historically anglicised as Mascon, is a city in east-central France. It is the prefecture of the department of Saône-et-Loire in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté. Mâcon is home to near 34,000 residents, who are referred to in French as Mâconnais. The city gave its name to the nearby vineyards and wine AOC.
Gwen Moore
Gwendolynne Sophia Moore (born April 18, 1951) is an American politician serving as the U.S. representative for Wisconsin's 4th congressional district since 2005. In 2016, Moore was elected to serve as caucus whip of the Congressional Black Caucus for the 115th United States Congress. She is a member of the Democratic Party. Her district is based in Milwaukee and as a result of the 2011 redistricting also includes some Milwaukee County suburbs: Bayside, Brown Deer, Cudahy, Fox Point, Glendale, St. Francis, South Milwaukee, West Milwaukee, Shorewood, and Whitefish Bay. Moore is the first woman to represent the district and the second woman after Tammy Baldwin and the first African American elected to Congress from Wisconsin.

Moore is currently Wisconsin's longest serving representative, after Ron Kind retired in 2023.

Bayside, Wisconsin
Bayside is a village in Milwaukee and Ozaukee counties in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. The population was 4,482 at the 2020 census. Of this, 4,378 were in Milwaukee County, and only 104 were in Ozaukee County.
Brian Wimmer
Brian Wimmer (born October 1, 1959) is an American actor. He is perhaps best known for his role as Cpl. Boonie Lanier in the TV series China Beach, which ran from 1988 until 1991. He also regularly appeared on Flipper (1995-1996) and had roles in TV shows such as ER (1996) and The Fugitive (2001). He participated in the last Battle of the Network Stars (1988). He starred in the films Late for Dinner (1991), The Maddening (1995) and Beneath Loch Ness (2001).

The Fugitive (2000 TV series)
The Fugitive is an American action drama television series that aired on CBS from October 6, 2000, to May 25, 2001. The series featured Tim Daly as Richard Kimble, Mykelti Williamson as Gerard, and Stephen Lang as the one-armed man. The show serves as a remake of The Fugitive (1963 TV series) and is the fourth release from The Fugitive (franchise).
Feedforward (management)
Feed forward in  management theory is an application of the cybernetic concept of feedforward first articulated by I. A. Richards in 1951. It reflects the impact of Management cybernetics in the general area of management studies.

Management cybernetics
Management cybernetics is concerned with the application of cybernetics to management and organizations. "Management cybernetics" was first introduced by Stafford Beer in the late 1950s and introduces the various mechanisms of self-regulation applied by and to organizational settings, as seen through a cybernetics perspective. Beer developed the theory through a combination of practical applications and a series of influential books. The practical applications involved steel production, publishing and operations research in a large variety of different industries. Some consider that the full flowering of management cybernetics is represented in Beer's books. However, learning continues (see below).
Necronomicon (The Devil'z Rejects album)
Necronomicon is a 2006 album by The Devil'z Rejects, a duo consisting of Jedi Mind Tricks member Jus Allah and Boston rapper Bomshot. The album was allegedly released without the knowledge of Jus Allah and many of the album's contributors. It's been rumored that Bomshot, a former label-mate of Jus on Virtuoso's Omnipotent Records, stole the masters for Jus' original unreleased version of All Fates Have Changed, and crafted the album himself. The album features production from Kingston of Blue Sky Black Death and Snowgoons, and guest appearances from GZA, U-God, Snacky Chan, Chief Kamachi, Shabazz the Disciple and Virtuoso. The album received moderately positive reviews, due to the production and Jus' vocals. Necronomicon received little attention, but sold moderately well online, reaching the top 10 on the bestsellers list for both January and February 2007.

Tracks 23-26 are bonus tracks featured on the Limited Edition re-release.

JuJu Mob
The JuJu Mob (originally credited as Chief Kamachi & The JuJu Mob) is a four-member underground hip hop group originating from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania that was founded in 2004. The four founding members of the JuJu Mob are Reef the Lost Cauze, Chief Kamachi, Charon Don and State Store.
Tema Sports Stadium
Robert Mensah Sports Stadium is a multi-use stadium in Tema, Ghana.  It is used mostly for football matches and is the home stadium of Tema Youth and Real Sportive. The stadium holds 5,000 people. It was an artificial pitch used for training during the 2008 Africa Cup of Nations.

As of 2023, it was used as a home ground for five Division One League clubs (Attram de Visser, Golden Kicks, Na God, Tema Youth, and Tudu Mighty Jets) and about five lower-tier clubs.

2008 Africa Cup of Nations
The 2008 Africa Cup of Nations, also known as the MTN Africa Cup of Nations due to the competition's sponsorship by MTN, was the 26th edition of the Africa Cup of Nations, the biennial football tournament for nations affiliated with the Confederation of African Football (CAF). The tournament was staged at four venues around Ghana between 20 January and 10 February 2008. This was the last Africa Cup of Nations to use the old CAF logo.

Egypt won the tournament, beating Cameroon 1–0 in the final. As winners, they qualified for the 2009 FIFA Confederations Cup as the CAF representatives.
Studio Thunderhorse
Studio Thunderhorse was an independent game studio based in Roseville, California. The company was founded in 2015 by Simon Filip and specializes in 2D games inspired by the 90s era of gaming.

The studio's first major title, Flynn: Son of Crimson, was released in September 2021. It was published by Humble Games and is available on PC and consoles.

On October 23, 2024, Studio Thunderhorse announced its closure.

Roseville, California
Roseville is the most populous city in Placer County, California, located within the Sacramento metropolitan area. At the 2020 census, the city's population was 147,773, making it the third-largest city in the Sacramento area. Interstate 80 runs through Roseville and State Route 65 runs through part of the northern edge of the city.

Historically associated with the railroad, the city underwent significant urban renewal in the 1980s and 1990s. Today it has become a major commercial hub, attracting regular shoppers and visitors from a large swath of rural southeastern Sacramento Valley and the Sierra Nevada foothills. In recent years, it has seen significant population growth and new single-family home developments, becoming a "boomburb" or edge city of Sacramento.
Doerflinger
Doerflinger is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Preston Doerflinger (born 1973), American businessman and politician

Richard Doerflinger, American anti-abortion activist

Thomas Doerflinger (1952–2015), American historian

William Main Doerflinger (1910-2000), American folklorist and magician

Preston Doerflinger
Preston Doerflinger (born 1973) is an American businessman and politician who was the Oklahoma Secretary of Finance and Revenue. Doerflinger was appointed by then Governor of Oklahoma Mary Fallin on January 19, 2011. Prior to his appointment, Doerflinger served as the city auditor for Tulsa, Oklahoma from 2009 until this appointment as secretary. Shortly thereafter he was also named the Director of the newly created Office of Management and Enterprise Systems. In his role as Secretary of Finance he was the Governor's lead budget executive and negotiator. He was appointed by the governor as the Interim Commissioner of Health in October, 2017 while maintaining his roles as Cabinet Secretary and Director of the Office of Management and Enterprise Systems. He resigned from all of his roles in Oklahoma State government in February 2018.
Altamura Castle
Altamura Castle (Italian: Castello di Altamura) was a castle located in the city of Altamura, now completely demolished. It was located over today's piazza Matteotti and a few remains of it are still visible inside the adjacent buildings, which were built partly with stones and structural elements from the castle. In a warehouse are an ogival arch and some stone coats of arms. A few other remains  are found in the adjacent buildings, which were built in the 19th century.

The square on which stood the castle was previously named piazza Castello (which means 'Castle square'). In Altamura dialect, the square is called u cuastidde (/u kwa'stɪdːᵊ/), which means 'the castle'.

Domenico Santoro
Domenico Santoro (died after 1688) was a local historian and physician closely related to the city of Altamura, Kingdom of Naples. He's known mostly for his essay on the history of the that town: "Description of the city of Altamura" (Italian: Descrizione della città di Altamura, 1688).

In his work, the author provides information on the history and the life of Altamura, perhaps drawing from documents now lost. The work has also been copied by priest D. Vitangelo Frizzale. One limit of his work is the absence of critical analysis of the sources, and the commingling of history and legend, as Ottavio Serena later pointed out.