hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Erie Wave
The Erie Wave was a professional basketball franchise based in Erie, Pennsylvania from 1990 to 1992. The team played in the World Basketball League, which folded before the conclusion of the 1992 schedule.

The Wave cheerleading squad was known as the "Eriesistibles".

The Wave played its home games at the Louis J. Tullio Arena.

World Basketball League
World Basketball League (WBL) was a minor professional basketball league in the United States and Canada which operated from 1988 to 1992. It was founded as the International Basketball Association in November 1987, before changing its name prior to the 1988 season.  One of the major differences between it and other leagues was that it had a height restriction.  Players over 6 ft 5 in (1.95 m) were not allowed to play; this restriction was raised to 6 ft 7 in (2.0 m) in 1991.
Louis-Philippe Gélinas
Louis-Philippe Gélinas (5 April 1902 – 1 January 1976) was a Liberal party member of the Senate of Canada. He was born in Montreal, Quebec and became a business executive.

The son of Arthur Gélinas and Laurette Panneton, he was educated in Westmount, at Loyola College and the Université de Montréal. Gélinas was a Wing Commander in the Royal Canadian Air Force during World War II. He served as director for a number of firms, including Geoffrion, Robert and Gélinas Co., Canadian International Paper Company, Canada Cement Company and John Labatt Ltd.

He was appointed to the Senate for the Montarville, Quebec division on 11 June 1963 following nomination by Prime Minister Lester B. Pearson. Gélinas remained in that role until he resigned on 10 December 1975. Gélinas died the following month, on 1 January 1976.

Westmount
Westmount (French pronunciation: [wɛstmaunt]) is a city on the Island of Montreal, in southwestern Quebec, Canada. Enclaved by the city of Montreal, it had a population of 19,658 in the 2021 Canadian census.

Westmount is home to schools, an arena, a pool, a public library and a number of parks, including Westmount Park, King George Park (also known as Murray Hill Park) and Westmount Summit. The city operates its own electricity distribution company Westmount Light & Power (Hydro-Westmount).  The city is also the location of two Canadian Forces Primary Reserve units: The Royal Montreal Regiment and 34th Signals Regiment.

Traditionally, the community of Westmount has been a wealthy and predominantly anglophone enclave, having been at one point the richest community in Canada. It is still the most affluent neighbourhood in Canada outside of Toronto, Vancouver, and Calgary.
Svarog Patera
Svarog Patera is a patera, or a complex crater with scalloped edges, on Jupiter's moon Io. It is 124 kilometers in diameter and is located at 48°40′S 265°44′W﻿ / ﻿48.66°S 265.74°W﻿ / -48.66; -265.74﻿ (Svarog Patera). It is named after the Russian smith god Svarog. Its name was approved by the International Astronomical Union in 1979.  Svarog Patera is a Voyager spacecraft-detected hot spot. North of Svarog Patera is Lyrcea Planum, north of which is Babbar Patera. To the south is Silpium Mons, and to the east is Hermes Mensa. To the southeast are Pyerun Patera and Epaphus Mensa.

Hotspot (geology)
In geology, hotspots (or hot spots) are volcanic locales thought to be fed by underlying mantle that is anomalously hot compared with the surrounding mantle. Examples include the Hawaii, Iceland, and Yellowstone hotspots. A hotspot's position on the Earth's surface is independent of tectonic plate boundaries, and so hotspots may create a chain of volcanoes as the plates move above them.

There are two hypotheses that attempt to explain their origins. One suggests that hotspots are due to mantle plumes that rise as thermal diapirs from the core–mantle boundary. The alternative plate theory is that the mantle source beneath a hotspot is not anomalously hot, rather the crust above is unusually weak or thin, so that lithospheric extension permits the passive rising of melt from shallow depths.
Anarsia spartiella
Anarsia spartiella, the Wanstead grey, is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is found in most of Europe.

The wingspan is 12–15 mm.
The forewings are grey-whitish, finely irrorated with fuscous, often with some black scales, occasionally much suffused with dark fuscous; several short oblique dark fuscous costal marks, one in middle largest; stigmata sometimes indicated by black dashes; often a black terminal spot below apex. Hindwings are light grey. The larva is dark brown; head and plate of 2 black

Adults are on wing from June to August.

The larvae feed on Ulex and Cytisus species, as well as Genista tinctoria. They spin the shoots of their host plant and feed within.

Ulex
Ulex (commonly known as gorse, furze, or whin) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. The genus comprises about 20 species of thorny evergreen shrubs in the subfamily Faboideae of the pea family Fabaceae. The species are native to parts of western Europe and northwest Africa, with the majority of species in Iberia.

Gorse is closely related to the brooms, and like them, it has green stems, very small leaves and is adapted to dry growing conditions. However, it differs from the brooms in its extreme thorniness, the shoots being modified into branched thorns 1–4 centimetres (1⁄2–1+1⁄2 inches) long, which almost wholly replace the leaves as the plant's functioning photosynthetic organs. The leaves of young plants are trifoliate, but in mature plants, they are reduced to scales or small spines.  All the species have yellow flowers, generally showy, some with a very long flowering season.
Vasantam
Vasantam (transl. Spring) is a 2003 Indian Telugu-language drama film written and directed by Vikraman. Produced by N. V. Prasad and Sanam Naga Ashok Kumar, the film starred Venkatesh, Arti Agarwal, and Kalyani. The music was composed by S. A. Rajkumar. The film won two Nandi Awards.

The film opened simultaneously alongside the Tamil version of the film, Priyamaana Thozhi, starring R. Madhavan, Jyothika, Sridevi Vijayakumar and Vineeth. It was remade in Kannada in 2010 as Hoo.

Nandi Awards
The Nandi Awards were annual awards presented by the Government of Andhra Pradesh to recognise excellence in Telugu cinema, theatre, and television, as well as lifetime achievements in Indian cinema. The awards were named after the monolithic sculpture of the sacred bull in Hinduism, Nandi, at Lepakshi, a cultural and historical symbol of the Telugu people.

The Nandi Awards were categorised into four levels: Swarnam (Gold), Rajatam (Silver), Kamsyam (Bronze), and Raagi (Copper). In addition to film and television awards, the government also presented the Nandi Natakotsavam Awards to honour outstanding contributions in social, mythological, and poetic dramas in Telugu theatre.
John Colhoun (plant pathologist)
John Colhoun FLS (born 15 May 1913 in Castlederg, County Tyrone, Northern Ireland – 5 January 2002 in Stockport, Cheshire, England) was a British mycologist, phytopathologist, and professor of cryptogamic botany. For a one-year term from 1963 to 1964 he was the president of the British Mycological Society.

Linnean Society of London
The Linnean Society of London is a learned society dedicated to the study and dissemination of information concerning natural history, evolution, and taxonomy. It possesses several important biological specimen, manuscript and literature collections, and publishes academic journals and books on plant and animal biology. The society also awards a number of prestigious medals and prizes.

A product of the 18th-century enlightenment, the society is the oldest extant biological society in the world and is historically important as the venue for the first public presentation of the theory of evolution by natural selection on 1 July 1858.

The patron of the society is Anne, Princess Royal. Vice-patrons include: Emeritus Emperor Akihito of Japan, King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden (both have active interests in natural history), and the eminent naturalist and broadcaster Sir David Attenborough.
Soiana
Soiana is a village in Tuscany, central Italy, administratively a frazione of the comune of Terricciola, province of Pisa. At the time of the 2001 census its population was 296.

Soiana is about 35 km from Pisa and 5 km from Terricciola.

Province of Pisa
The province of Pisa (Italian: provincia di Pisa) is a province in the Tuscany region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Pisa. With an area of 2,448 square kilometres (945 mi2) and a total population of 421,642 (As of 2014), it is the second most populous and fifth largest province of Tuscany. It is subdivided into 37 comuni (sg.: comune).

With a history that dates to the Etruscans and Phoenicians, the province achieved considerable power and influence in the Mediterranean in the 12th and 13th centuries. Pisa, the provincial capital, is known for its Leaning Tower, and other historic landmarks that attract tourists.
Matrix decomposition
In the mathematical discipline of linear algebra, a matrix decomposition or matrix factorization is a factorization of a matrix into a product of matrices. There are many different matrix decompositions; each finds use among a particular class of problems.

Conjugate transpose
In mathematics, the conjugate transpose, also known as the Hermitian transpose, of an  complex matrix  is an  matrix obtained by transposing  and applying complex conjugation to each entry (the complex conjugate of  being , for real numbers  and ). There are several notations, such as  or , , or (often in physics) .

For real matrices, the conjugate transpose is just the transpose, .
The Rug and the Bull
"The Rug and the Bull" is a fantasy short story by American writer L. Sprague de Camp, part of his Pusadian series. It was first published in the anthology Flashing Swords! #2, edited by Lin Carter (Doubleday, 1973). It has also been translated into Italian, German and Dutch.

Flashing Swords!
Flashing Swords! is a series of fantasy anthologies published by Dell Books from 1973 to 1981 under the editorship of Lin Carter, and revived under the editorship of Robert M. Price in 2020. It originally showcased the heroic fantasy work of the members of the Swordsmen and Sorcerers' Guild of America (SAGA), a somewhat informal literary group active from the 1960s to the 1980s, of which Carter was a guiding force. The revived series featured pieces by newer, lesser-known authors, along with older material by Carter.
Fawcett Properties Ltd v Buckingham CC
Fawcett Properties Ltd v Buckingham County Council [1960] has become a leading case in planning law and concerned agricultural conditions of use. It is also relevant for its tests on finding certainty versus uncertainty of policy, contract or other concepts rendering them void. It has been applied in English trusts law which has long held a cy-près doctrine, expressed in pre 1649-Law French meaning "there nearly" that is perfecting concepts or a purpose for funds which is tantamount to a legitimate interest or concern and intended to take clear effect.

Law French
Law French (Middle English: Lawe Frensch) is an archaic language originally based on Anglo-Norman, but increasingly influenced by Parisian French and, later, English. It was used in the law courts of England from the 13th century. Its use continued for several centuries in the courts of England and Wales and Ireland.  Although Law French as a narrative legal language is obsolete, many individual Law French terms continue to be used by lawyers and judges in common law jurisdictions.
Turcoaia
Turcoaia is a commune in Tulcea County, Northern Dobruja, Romania. It is composed of a single village, Turcoaia.

A village called Iglița used to exist in the area; after being destroyed, its territory was folded into that of Turcoaia.

Northern Dobruja
Northern Dobruja (Romanian: Dobrogea de Nord or simply Dobrogea; Bulgarian: Северна Добруджа, Severna Dobrudzha) is the part of Dobruja within the borders of Romania. It lies between the lower Danube River and the Black Sea, bordered in the south by Southern Dobruja, which is a part of Bulgaria.
Imperforate anus
An imperforate anus or anorectal malformations (ARMs) are birth defects in which the rectum is malformed. ARMs are a spectrum of different congenital anomalies which vary from fairly minor lesions to complex anomalies. The cause of ARMs is unknown; the genetic basis of these anomalies is very complex because of their anatomical variability. In 8% of patients, genetic factors are clearly associated with ARMs. Anorectal malformation in Currarino syndrome represents the only association for which the gene HLXB9 has been identified.

Colostomy
A colostomy is an opening (stoma) in the large intestine (colon), or the surgical procedure that creates one. The opening is formed by drawing the healthy end of the colon through an incision in the anterior abdominal wall and suturing it into place. This opening, often in conjunction with an attached ostomy system, provides an alternative channel for feces to leave the body. Thus if the natural anus is unavailable for that function (for example, in cases where it has been removed as part of treatment for colorectal cancer or ulcerative colitis), an artificial anus takes over. It may be reversible or irreversible, depending on the circumstances.
Johnny O'Brien
John Thomas O'Brien (December 11, 1930 – June 13, 2025) was an American second baseman and pitcher in Major League Baseball who played for the Pittsburgh Pirates (1953, 1955–58), St. Louis Cardinals (1958) and Milwaukee Braves (1959). O'Brien batted and threw right-handed. His twin brother, Eddie, was also a major league infielder. In college, O'Brien was an All-American basketball player for Seattle University.

Milwaukee Braves
The Milwaukee Braves were a Major League Baseball team that played in Milwaukee, from 1953 to 1965, having previously played in Boston, Massachusetts, as the Boston Braves. After relocating to Atlanta, Georgia in 1966, they were renamed the Atlanta Braves. The 13-season tenure in Milwaukee at Milwaukee County Stadium saw varying degrees of success for the franchise, winning the 1957 World Series and the National League pennant in 1958. The team never finished with a losing record.

The Milwaukee Braves had an overall win–loss record of 1,146–890–8 (.563) during their 13 years in Milwaukee. Three former Milwaukee Braves players were elected to the National Baseball Hall of Fame.
Average cost
In economics, average cost (AC) or unit cost is equal to total cost (TC) divided by the number of units of a good produced (the output Q):

Average cost is an important factor in determining how businesses will choose to price their products.

Physical capital
Physical capital represents in economics one of the three primary factors of production. Physical capital is the apparatus used to produce a good and services. Physical capital represents the tangible man-made goods that help and support the production. Inventory, cash, equipment or real estate are all examples of physical capital.
Jack FM (United Kingdom)
JACK FM was an adult hits format radio station that broadcast on 106.8 MHz FM in Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom, and on DAB in Oxfordshire.  Between 2016 and 2017 it also broadcast in Surrey and parts of Hampshire. The station shared premises in Eynsham, Oxfordshire, with its sister stations JACK 2 and JACK 3.

As of September 2023, the station broadcast to a weekly audience of 55,000, according to RAJAR.

The station closed at 22:00 on 29 October 2023 following the acquisition of the FM frequencies by Bauer to become part of the Greatest Hits Radio network.

RAJAR
Radio Joint Audience Research Limited (RAJAR; /ˈreɪdʒɑːr/) was established in 1992 to operate a single audience measurement system for the radio industry in the United Kingdom. RAJAR is jointly owned by the BBC and Radiocentre. RAJAR's predecessor was called Joint Industry Committee on Radio Audience Research (JICRAR; /ˈdʒɪkrɑːr/). Prior to this, the BBC and Radiocentre's predecessor CRCA carried out their own measurements independently of each other.
Capitol Shopping Center
Capitol Shopping Centre (Turkish: Capitol Alışveriş Merkezi), opened in 1993 in Altunizade neighbourhood of Üsküdar, is the first modern big shopping mall on the Asian part of Istanbul, Turkey.

Built on 6 floors and covering an area of 73,000 m2, the shopping complex houses 157 retail stores, a department store and an MMM Migros supermarket, 8 movie theaters, fast food restaurants, cafeterias, bowling alley and entertainment center. It houses also Capitol Radio, a private radio station broadcasting from the complex. It has an open air and covered parking lot. Several cafes are located in the area around a huge central spring fountain.

Capitol Shopping Centre also has a movie theatre which has 14 different parts. It is one of the biggest and most modern movie theatres in Istanbul.

Migros (company)
Migros Ticaret A.Ş. is a supermarket chain in Turkey following the Migros formats.

As of September 2025, the company operates a total of 3,725 stores: 3,389 Migros, 230 Macro 105 Mion and 1 Petimo in Turkey.
Philemon Chisala
Philemon Chisala (born 11 November 1966) is a former Zambian footballer who featured for Mufulira Wanderers in the late ‘80s and early ‘90s as a defender or midfielder. He also represented Zambia at the 1989 CECAFA Cup and CAN 1990.

Mufulira Wanderers F.C.
Mufulira Wanderers are Zambia's most successful football club, based in the Copperbelt town of Mufulira, and compete in the Zambia Super League after their promotion from the Zambia National Division One at the end of 2023–24.

Popularly known as Mighty Mufulira Wanderers AKA Abena Milambo, the club has won 49 trophies and has also produced some of the country's greatest players. However they have struggled in recent years, spending nine years in Division I between 2006 and 2015, and having not won any honours since 1997.
1989 Danish 1st Division
The 1989 Danish 1st Division season was the 44th season of the Danish 1st Division league championship, governed by the Danish Football Association.

The Danish champions qualified for the European Cup 1990-91 qualification, while the second and third placed teams qualified for the qualification round of the UEFA Cup 1990-91. The two lowest placed teams of the tournament was directly relegated to the Danish 2nd Division. Likewise, the Danish 2nd Division champions and runners-up were promoted to the 1st Division.

Danish Football Association
The Danish Football Association (Danish: Dansk Boldspil-Union; abbr. DBU) is the governing body of football in Denmark. It is the organization of Danish football clubs and runs the professional Danish football leagues, alongside the men's and women's national teams. Based in the city of Brøndby, it is a founding member of both FIFA and UEFA. The DBU has also been the governing body of futsal in Denmark since 2008.
Réabhlóid GAA
Réabhlóid GAA is a documentary about hurling during the 1990s. The title translates into English as "GAA Revolution".

The period covered marked a transition from the dominance of the sport's traditional "big three" (Cork, Kilkenny and Tipperary) to the emergence of Offaly, Clare and Wexford as All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship winners in successive years. Offaly began the run by winning their third title with a comeback victory over Limerick in 1994. Clare then won a first title since 1914 in 1995, while Wexford won a first title since 1968 in 1996, Clare following with another title in 1997. The 1998 Clare v Offaly trilogy is also covered.

Former Wexford hurler Diarmuid Lyng narrated. TG4 first aired Réabhlóid GAA on 16 December 2020. The broadcaster repeated it on 17 March 2021 (Saint Patrick's Day).

Limerick county hurling team
The Limerick county hurling team represents Limerick in hurling and is governed by Limerick GAA, the county board of the Gaelic Athletic Association. The team competes in the three major annual inter-county competitions; the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, the Munster Senior Hurling Championship and the National Hurling League.

Limerick's home ground is Páirc na nGael, Limerick. The team's manager is John Kiely.

The team last won the Munster Senior Championship in 2024, the All-Ireland Senior Championship in 2023 and the National League in 2023.
Hathor 18
Hathor 17 – Coptic calendar – Hathor 19

The eighteenth day of the Coptic month of Hathor, the third month of the Coptic year. On a common year, this day corresponds to November 14, of the Julian calendar, and November 27, of the Gregorian calendar. This day falls in the Coptic season of Peret, the season of emergence. This day falls in the Nativity Fast.

Hathor (month)
Hathor (Coptic: Ϩⲁⲑⲱⲣ, Hathōr), also known as Athyr (Ancient Greek: Ἀθύρ, Athýr) and Hatur (Arabic: هاتور), is the third month of the ancient Egyptian and Coptic calendars. It lies between November 10 and December 9 of the Gregorian calendar.

The month of Hathor is also the third month of the season of Akhet (Inundation) in Ancient Egypt, when the Nile floods historically covered the land of Egypt; they have not done so since the construction of the High Dam at Aswan.
The Giaour
The Giaour is a poem by Lord Byron first published in 1813 by John Murray and printed by Thomas Davison. It was the first in the series of Byron's Oriental romances. The Giaour proved to be a great success when published, consolidating Byron's reputation critically and commercially.

John Murray (publisher, born 1778)
John Murray (27 November 1778 – 27 June 1843) was a Scottish publisher and member of the John Murray publishing house. He published works by authors such as Sir Walter Scott, Lord Byron, Jane Austen and Maria Rundell.
James Nusser
James Nusser (May 3, 1905 – June 8, 1979) was an American film and television actor. He was known for playing the recurring role of town drunk Louis Pheeters in the American western television series Gunsmoke from 1961 to 1970.

Nusser was born in Ohio. He appeared in television programs including I Married Joan, Sergeant Preston of the Yukon, Gunsmoke, Perry Mason, Bat Masterson, The Fugitive, The Virginian, The Wild Wild West, Mannix and Cannon, and also in films such as Bonzo Goes to College, One Girl's Confession, It Should Happen to You, Hell Canyon Outlaws, The Rare Breed, Hillbillys in a Haunted House, Where Were You When the Lights Went Out?, Hail, Hero! and Cahill U.S. Marshal.

Nusser died on June 8, 1979, in Los Angeles, California, at the age of 74. He was buried in Valhalla Memorial Park Cemetery.

Town drunk
The town drunk (also called a tavern fool) is a stock character in Anglo-Saxon culture, almost always male, who is drunk more often than exhibiting sobriety.

The town drunk is frequently depicted in a humorous light, often portrayed as a harmless and lovable character whose social failings stem from their excessive consumption of alcohol. However, some portrayals can be more nuanced, exploring the social and personal costs associated with alcoholism.
Camăr
Camăr (Hungarian: Kémer) is a commune located in Sălaj County, Crișana, Romania. It is composed of two villages, Camăr and Pădureni (Erdőaljarakottyás).

The commune is located in the western part of county, on the border with Bihor County. It is situated at an altitude of 185 m (607 ft), or the banks of the river Camăr.

Sălaj County
Sălaj County (Romanian pronunciation: [səˈlaʒ]; Hungarian: Szilágy megye) (also known as Land of Silvania, silva, -ae meaning "forest") is a county (județ) of Romania, located in the north-west of the country, in the historical regions of Crișana and Transylvania. It is bordered to the north by Satu Mare and Maramureș counties, to the west and south-west by Bihor County, and to the south-east by Cluj County. Zalău is the county seat, as well as its largest city.