hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Physiological Reviews
Physiological Reviews is a journal published quarterly by the American Physiological Society which has been published since 1921.: 75   The editor in chief of the journal is Sadis Matalon (University of Alabama at Birmingham).  The journal's first managing editor, who served to his death in 1946, was Dr. Donald R. Hooker.: 156   Among the cadre of editors at the journal's inception were William Henry Howell, Lafayette Mendel, and John Macleod.  From 1932 to 1950, the chairman of the board of editors of the journal was Anton J. Carlson.  Other notable people who have served on the journal's editorial board include John Jacob Abel (c. 1935), Ernest William Goodpasture (c.1938).

According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 37.312

Internet Archive page set (values in table linked to specific pages)

John Macleod (physiologist)
John James Rickard Macleod, FRS, FRSE (6 September 1876 – 16 March 1935), was a Scottish biochemist and physiologist. He devoted his career to diverse topics in physiology and biochemistry, but was chiefly interested in carbohydrate metabolism. He is noted for his role in the discovery and isolation of insulin during his tenure as a lecturer at the University of Toronto, for which he and Frederick Banting received the 1923 Nobel prize in Physiology or Medicine. Awarding the prize to Macleod was controversial at the time, because according to Banting's version of events, Macleod's role in the discovery was negligible. It was not until decades after the events that an independent review acknowledged a far greater role than was attributed to him at first.
Broa de Avintes
Broa de Avintes or Boroa de Avintes (locally) is a type of broa from Avintes, Vila Nova de Gaia with a long tradition in the north of Portugal. It is a dark brown, very dense bread made with maize and rye flours, with a distinctive and intense bittersweet flavour.

Bread
Bread is a baked food product made from water, flour, and often yeast. It is a staple food across the world, particularly in Europe and the Middle East. Throughout recorded history and around the world, it has been an important part of many cultures' diets. It is one of the oldest human-made foods, having been of significance since the dawn of agriculture, and plays an essential role in both religious rituals and secular culture.

Bread may be leavened by naturally occurring microbes (e.g. sourdough), chemicals (e.g. baking soda), industrially produced yeast, or high-pressure aeration, which creates the gas bubbles that fluff up bread. Bread may also be unleavened. In many countries, mass-produced bread often contains additives to improve flavor, texture, color, shelf life, nutrition, and ease of production.
RVS III
RVS III is the fourth studio album by American country music artist Ricky Van Shelton. The singles released from the album were "Statue of a Fool" (#2), "I've Cried My Last Tear for You"(#1), "I Meant Every Word He Said" (#2), and "Life's Little Ups and Downs" (#4). The album was certified platinum by the RIAA on April 8, 1991.

The album includes several covers. "Oh, Pretty Woman" is a cover of Roy Orbison's famous song. "Sweet Memories" was first recorded by Andy Williams and released in 1968. It was later recorded by Willie Nelson in 1979 for his album of the same name. "Statue of a Fool" was a #1 hit for Jack Greene in 1969 and a #10 in 1974 for Brian Collins, and "Life's Little Ups and Downs" was a #41 for Charlie Rich in 1969.

Charlie Rich
Charles Allan Rich (December 14, 1932 – July 25, 1995) was an American country singer. His eclectic style of music also blended influences from rockabilly, jazz, blues, soul, and gospel.

In the later part of his life, Rich acquired the nickname the Silver Fox. He is perhaps best remembered for a pair of 1973 hits, "Behind Closed Doors" and "The Most Beautiful Girl", which topped the U.S. country singles charts as well as the Billboard Hot 100 pop singles charts and earned him two Grammy Awards. Rich was inducted into the Memphis Music Hall of Fame in 2015. In 2023, Rolling Stone ranked Rich at number 120 on its list of the 200 Greatest Singers of All Time.
Santa Rosa de Calamuchita
Santa Rosa de Calamuchita is a small village in the province of Córdoba, Argentina. It had about 10,000 inhabitants at the 2001 census [INDEC]. The village is located in the central part of the Calamuchita Valley, surrounded by hills (the Sierras), rivers, and lakes, which makes the area a major tourist attraction. The village has a Mediterranean climate, characterized by warm summers with considerable rainfall, where temperatures can exceed 35°C, and cold, dry winters with minimum temperatures dropping below zero. Other important nearby towns in the Valley are Villa General Belgrano and Embalse (the latter is home to a nuclear power plant).

National Institute of Statistics and Census of Argentina
The National Institute of Statistics and Censuses (Spanish: Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos, mostly known for its acronym INDEC) is an Argentine decentralized public body that operates within the Ministry of Economy, which leads all official statistical activities carried out in the country.

In February 2013, the International Monetary Fund censured Argentina for failing to report accurate inflation data. Political intervention in the INDEC figures ended, and the IMF declared in November 2016 that Argentine statistics were again in accordance with international standards.
Ada Copeland King
Ada Copeland King (ca. 23 December 1860 – 14 April 1964) was the common-law wife of the American geologist Clarence King. Their thirteen-year relationship, with King posing as a black man named James Todd when they were together, was the subject of a substantial lawsuit and the book Passing Strange: A Gilded Age Tale of Love and Deception Across the Color Line by Martha Sandweiss.

Martha A. Sandweiss
Martha Ann Sandweiss (born March 29, 1954) is an American historian, with particular interests in the history of the American West, visual culture, and public history. She is a professor of History at Princeton University, and the author of several books. Sandweiss is the Founder and Project Director of the Princeton & Slavery Project, a large-scale investigation into Princeton University's historical ties to the institution of slavery.
Gatineau Power Company
Gatineau Power Company was an electricity generation and distribution company in Quebec, Canada.

It was originally a subsidiary of Canadian Pacific and later of International Paper. Its operations included a streetcar company which served Hull, Quebec.

The company disappeared as a separate organization after it and other investor-owned electric companies were acquired by Hydro-Québec as part of the nationalization of electricity in Quebec in 1963.

Hull, Quebec
Hull is the central business district and oldest neighbourhood of the city of Gatineau, Quebec, Canada. It is located on the west bank of the Gatineau River and the north shore of the Ottawa River, directly opposite Ottawa. As part of Canada's National Capital Region, it contains offices for more than 20,000 civil servants. It was named after Kingston upon Hull in England.
Indexed file
An indexed file is a computer file with an index that allows easy random access to any record given its file key.

The key must be such that it uniquely identifies a record. If more than one index is present the other ones are called alternate indexes. The indexes are created with the file and maintained by the system.

IBM supports indexed files with the Indexed Sequential Access Method (ISAM) on OS/360 and successors. IBM virtual storage operating systems added VSAM, which supports indexed files as Key Sequenced Data Sets (KSDS), with more options. Support for indexed files is built into COBOL and PL/I. Other languages with more limited I/O facilities such as C support indexed files through add-on packages in a runtime library such as C-ISAM. Some of Digital's operating systems, such as OpenVMS, support indexed file I/O using the Record Management Services.

In recent systems, relational databases are often used in place of indexed files.

Unique key
In relational database management systems, a unique key is a candidate key. All the candidate keys of a relation can uniquely identify the records of the relation, but only one of them is used as the primary key of the relation. The remaining candidate keys are called unique keys because they can uniquely identify a record in a relation. Unique keys can consist of multiple columns. Unique keys are also called alternate keys. Unique keys are an alternative to the primary key of the relation. In SQL, the unique keys have a UNIQUE constraint assigned to them in order to prevent duplicates (a duplicate entry is not valid in a unique column). Alternate keys may be used like the primary key when doing a single-table select or when filtering in a where clause, but are not typically used to join multiple tables.
Bohemian Cafe
The Bohemian Cafe was located at 1406 South 13th Street in the historic Little Bohemia neighborhood of Omaha, Nebraska. Established in 1924, the cafe sat next to the Prague Hotel. Employees dressed in traditional Czech outfits since its early years, and a small cocktail lounge called the Bohemian Girl was adjoined to the restaurant; the interior decoration, similar to the rest of the building, included hand-painted folk-art pictures. Omaha native Conor Oberst, the lead singer of the rock act Bright Eyes, had been seen drinking at the bar before performing at the nearby Sokol Auditorium.

Bright Eyes (band)
Bright Eyes is an American indie rock band founded in Omaha, Nebraska by singer-songwriter and guitarist Conor Oberst. It consists of Oberst, multi-instrumentalist and producer Mike Mogis, arranger, composer, trumpet and piano player Nate Walcott, and a rotating line-up of collaborators drawn primarily from Omaha's indie music scene.

Between 1998 and 2011, the band's albums were released through Saddle Creek Records, a Nebraska-based label founded by Justin Oberst (Conor's brother) and Mogis. In January 2020, the band announced their return, having signed with Dead Oceans. Their most recent album, Five Dice, All Threes, was released in September 2024.
Kondyor Massif
The Kondyor  Massif (Russian: горы Кондёр) or Konder is a circular intrusion of igneous rock, about 8 kilometres (5 mi) in diameter. It is located in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia, c. 600 km (373 mi) west-southwest of Okhotsk, or c. 570 km (354 mi) south-east of Yakutsk. It is reached from Yakutsk by road via Amga. It is an important source of platinum.

The Kondyor Massif stands as a textbook example of a ring intrusion, renowned for its remarkable geometric circularity and distinct ridge-and-depression topography. It serves as a global reference site for the study of alkaline-ultramafic magmatism and associated platinum-group element mineralization.

Since 1984, Artel Starateley "Amur" (part of the Russian Platinum group) has developed this alluvial platinum deposit.

Yakutsk
Yakutsk is the capital and largest city of Sakha, Russia, located about 450 km (280 mi) south of the Arctic Circle. Fueled by the mining industry, Yakutsk has become one of Russia's most rapidly growing regional cities, with a population of 355,443 at the 2021 census.

Yakutsk has an average annual temperature of −8.0 °C (17.6 °F), winter high temperatures consistently well below −20 °C (−4 °F), and a record low of −64.4 °C (−83.9 °F) has been recorded.

As a result, Yakutsk is the coldest major city in the world (although a number of smaller towns in that region are slightly colder). Yakutsk is also the largest city located in continuous permafrost; the only other large city is Norilsk, also in Siberia. Yakutsk is in the Central Yakutian Lowland and is a major port on the Lena River. It is served by the Yakutsk Airport as well as the smaller Magan Airport.
Miyuki Tanobe
Miyuki Tanobe CM OQ RCA (born 1937 in Morioka, Japan) is a Japanese-born Canadian painter, based in Montreal, Quebec. She is known for her paintings of the everyday life of Montreal residents. Her work is in the collections of the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts, the Musée du Québec, Lavalin, Pratt & Whitney, and Shell Canada, and Selection du Reader’s Digest. She is a member of the Royal Canadian Academy of Arts.

Gilles Vigneault
Gilles Vigneault GOQ (French pronunciation: [ʒil viɲo]; born 27 October 1928) is a Canadian poet, publisher, singer-songwriter, and Quebec nationalist and sovereigntist. Two of his songs are considered by many to be Quebec's unofficial anthems: "Mon pays" and "Gens du pays", and his line Mon pays ce n'est pas un pays, c'est l'hiver (My country is not a country, it is winter, from "Mon Pays") became a proverb in Quebec. Vigneault is a Grand Officer of the National Order of Quebec, Knight of the Legion of Honour, and Officer of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres.
All-Military Classic
The All-Military Classic was an annual two-day college basketball tournament hosted at rotating campus sites that featured four military academies – Air Force, Army, The Citadel, and VMI. The tournament was inaugurated in 2011, and was originally broadcast by CBS Sports Network for the semifinal games, though was most recently televised by ESPNU and ESPN3 in 2013. The fourth and final edition of the tournament was hosted and won by Army in 2014.

ESPNU
ESPNU is an American multinational digital cable and satellite sports television channel owned by ESPN Inc., a joint venture between the Walt Disney Company (which owns a controlling 72% stake via indirect subsidiary ABC Inc.), Hearst Communications (which owns 18%), and the National Football League (which owns 10%). The channel is primarily dedicated to coverage of college athletics, and is also used as an additional outlet for general ESPN programming. ESPNU is based alongside its sister networks at ESPN's headquarters in Bristol, Connecticut.

As of November 2023, ESPNU is available to approximately 36,000,000 pay television households in the United States, down from its 2014 peak of 75,000,000 households.
Blue Mesa Summit
Blue Mesa Summit (elevation 8,704 feet (2,653 m)) is a mountain pass in Gunnison County of west-central Colorado. The pass is traversed by U.S. Route 50 and divides the watersheds of Little Cimarron River to the west and Blue Creek to the east.

Gunnison County, Colorado
Gunnison County is a county located in the U.S. state of Colorado. As of the 2020 census, the population was 16,918. The county seat is Gunnison. The county was named for John W. Gunnison, a United States Army officer and captain in the Army Topographical Engineers, who surveyed for the transcontinental railroad in 1853.
Pete Fredenburg
Pete Fredenburg (born September 15, 1949) is an American former football coach. He served as the head football coach at University of Mary Hardin–Baylor in Belton, Texas from the program's inception in 1997 until his retirement following the 2021 season; the program began play in 1998. Fredenburg led Mary Hardin–Baylor to three NCAA Division III Football Championship titles, in 2016, 2018, and 2021. The 2016 title later was later vacated. His 2004 squad finished as NCAA Division III runner-up, losing to Linfield. Before coming to Mary Hardin–Baylor, Fredenburg served as an assistant coach at Baylor University (1982–1993), Louisiana State University (1994), and Louisiana Tech University (1995–1996). He played college football at Southwest Texas State University—now known as Texas State University—from 1968 to 1970.

Fredenburg announced his retirement on January 7, 2022.

University of Mary Hardin–Baylor
The University of Mary Hardin–Baylor (UMHB) is a private Baptist university in Belton, Texas. UMHB was chartered by the Republic of Texas in 1845 as Baylor Female College, the female department of what is now Baylor University. It has since become its own institution and grown to 3,914 students and awards degrees at the baccalaureate, master's, and doctoral levels. It is affiliated with the Baptist General Convention of Texas and accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges.
Östra Södermanlands Järnväg
Östra Södermanlands Järnväg (Ö.Sl.J.), Eastern Södermanland Railway is a 600 mm (1 ft 11+5⁄8 in) narrow gauge railway in Mariefred, Sweden. Steam-hauled passenger traffic is provided all days of the week during the summer.

Operations began on a small scale at the Lina brick works in Södertälje in 1959, until a chance to take over the recently closed Läggesta-Mariefred appeared in 1964.

SJ AB
SJ is the primary passenger train operator in Sweden. A wholly state-owned company operated for-profit under market conditions, SJ operates various services across Sweden. SJ's operations include high-speed trains, intercity trains, night trains, and regional trains, with some services extending into Denmark, Norway and Germany.

SJ traces its roots back to 1856, however was established in its current form as a passenger train operator (SJ AB) in 2001, following the restructuring of Statens Järnvägar, the former government agency responsible for the Swedish railways. SJ AB also has subsidiaries such as SJ Götalandståg, SJ Stockholmståg, and SJ Norge AS, which operate procured regional services in Western Sweden, Stockholm County and Norway, respectively. In 2018, SJ carried 31.8 million passengers.
Mario Brandenburg
Mario Brandenburg (born 3 October 1983) is a German computer scientist and politician of the Free Democratic Party (FDP) who served as a member of the Bundestag from the state of Rhineland-Palatinate from 2017 to 2025.

In addition to his parliamentary work, Brandenburg served as Parliamentary State Secretary to Federal Minister of Education and Research Bettina Stark-Watzinger from 2022 to 2024. In this capacity, he was also the Commissioner for Translational Research.

Parliamentary State Secretary
A Parliamentary State Secretary (Parlamentarischer Staatssekretär, PStS) is a member of the Bundestag given a portfolio to assist a Minister with running a government ministry. The position is roughly analogous to deputy ministers.

The position was first introduced in 1967 to help younger politicians gain experience for future ministerial roles. In 2021, there were 36 parliamentary state secretaries in the Merkel IV Cabinet.
1916 in poetry
We know their dream; enough
To know they dreamed and are dead;
And what if excess of love
Bewildered them till they died?
I write it out in a verse—
MacDonagh and MacBride
And Connolly and Pearse
Now and in time to be,
Wherever green is worn,
Are changed, changed utterly:
A terrible beauty is born.

—Closing lines of "Easter, 1916" by W. B. Yeats

Nationality words link to articles with information on the nation's poetry or literature (for instance, Irish or France).

Bengali poetry
Bengali poetry is a rich tradition of poetry in the Bengali language and has many different forms. Originating in Bengal, the history of Bengali poetry underwent three successive stages of development: poetry of the early age (like Charyapad), the Medieval period and the age of modern poetry. All ages have seen different forms of poetry and poetical tradition. It reached the pinnacle during the Bengali Renaissance period although it has a rich tradition and has grown independent of the movement. Major Bengali Poets throughout the ages are Chandidas, Krittivas Ojha, Maladhar Basu, Bijay Gupta, Mukundaram Chakrabarti, Kashiram Das, Alaol, Syed Sultan, Ramprasad Sen, Michael Madhusudan Dutt, Nabinchandra Sen, Rabindranath Tagore, Dwijendralal Ray, Satyendranath Dutta, Kazi Nazrul Islam, Jibanananda Das, Jasimuddin, Sukanta Battacharya, Al Mahmud, Joy Goswami.
Tashlykul, Aurgazinsky District, Republic of Bashkortostan
Tashlykul (Russian: Ташлыкуль; Bashkir: Ташлыкүл, Taşlıkül; Chuvash: Ташлăкӳл, Taşlăkül) is a rural locality (a village) in Kebyachevsky Selsoviet, Aurgazinsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 250 as of 2010. There are 2 streets.

Aurgazinsky District
Aurgazinsky District (Russian: Аургази́нский райо́н; Bashkir: Ауырғазы районы, Awırğazı rayonı; Tatar: Авыргазы районы, Awırğazı rayonı; Chuvash: Авăркас районӗ, Avărkas rayonĕ) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the center of the republic and borders Karmaskalinsky District in the north, Gafuriysky District in the east, Sterlitamaksky District in the south, and with Alsheyevsky and Davlekanovsky Districts in the west. The area of the district is 2,014 square kilometers (778 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Tolbazy. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 36,970, with the population of Tolbazy accounting for 27.4% of that number.
1915 Mid Antrim by-election
The 1915 Mid Antrim by-election was held on 17 February 1915.  The by-election was held due to the incumbent Irish Unionist MP, Arthur O'Neill, being killed in action at Klein Zillebeke ridge during the First Battle of Ypres in the First World War.  It was won by his brother the Irish Unionist candidate Hugh O'Neill, who was elected unopposed.

UK parliamentary by-elections
In the United Kingdom, a parliamentary by-election occurs following a vacancy arising in the House of Commons. They are often seen as a test of the rival political parties' fortunes between general elections.
DeWind
DeWind was an internationally active producer of wind power plants, originating in Germany. The company was founded in 1995 as Private Limited Company (GmbH) in Luebeck, Germany by seven shareholders. Five of them actively worked in the company. In 2002 the founders sold 100% of the shares to FKI Plc,  Loughborough, UK. It was based in Irving, Texas, and Hamburg, Germany.  DeWind had the legal form of a corporation, and, since September 2009, it had been a subsidiary company of Daewoo Shipbuilding and Marine Engineering (DSME), a large shipbuilder based in Korea.  Manufacturing took place in Lübeck and Round Rock, Texas.

More than 900 DeWind turbines have been erected worldwide, with a total capacity of over 1600 MW.

The company was since 2015 in liquidation and was deleted in the German Trade Register in December 2017.

German Commercial Register
A German Commercial Register (German: Handelsregister, pronounced [ˈhandl̩sʁeˌɡɪstɐ] ⓘ) is a public company register that contains details of all tradespeople and legal entities in the district of the registrar, which is generally the Amtsgericht (local district court) of the place where the Landgericht (superior court) is also situated.

Each German Commercial Register contains two branches.  Branch A deals with partnerships, sole traders and registered associations (Vereine) without share capital. Branch B contains all incorporated companies with share capital. Applications (for new entries, changes and liquidations) must be made in notarized form in the presence of a public notary.
Governor of Zhejiang
The governor of Zhejiang, officially the Governor of the Zhejiang Provincial People's Government, is the head of Zhejiang Province and leader of the Zhejiang Provincial People's Government.

The governor is elected by the Zhejiang Provincial People's Congress, and responsible to it and its Standing Committee. The governor is a provincial level official and is responsible for the overall decision-making of the provincial government. The governor is assisted by an executive vice governor as well as several vice governors. The governor generally serves as the deputy secretary of the Zhejiang Provincial Committee of the Chinese Communist Party and as a member of the CCP Central Committee. The governor is the second highest-ranking official in the province after the secretary of the CCP Zhejiang Committee. The current governor is Liu Jie, who took office on 18 December 2024.

Civil service of China
The civil service of China is the administrative system of the government which consists of all levels who run the day-to-day affairs in the country. The members of the civil service are selected through competitive examination.