hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jantay Batyr
Jantay Karabek uulu (Kyrgyz: Жантай Карабек уулу) better known as Jantay Batyr (Kyrgyz: Жантай Баатыр; 1794, Beysheke village, Chüy Valley – 1867, Beysheke village, Chüy Valley, Russian Empire) was a Kyrgyz statesman and public figure of the first half of the 19th century. Comes from the Tynay clan of the Sarybagysh tribe. He was a personal adviser to Ormon Khan and a member of the great council of the Kara-Kyrgyz Khanate. Participated in kurultai and at the coronation of the all-Kyrgyz Khan in 1842.

Chüy Valley
The Chüy Valley (Kyrgyz: Чүй өрөөнү, romanized: Chüy Öröönü; Kazakh: Шу аңғары, romanized: Şu añğary; Russian: Чуйская долина) is a large valley located in northern Kyrgyzstan and southern Kazakhstan, in the northern part of the Tian Shan. It extends from Boom Gorge in the east to Muyunkum Desert in the west. It is 250 km (160 mi) long and has an area of about 32,000 km2 (12,000 sq mi). It borders Kyrgyz Ala-Too in the south, and Chu-Ili mountains in the north. Through the Boom Gorge in the narrow eastern part Chüy Valley is linked with Issyk-Kul Valley. The river Chu (Chüy) is the major stream of the valley.

The warm summer and availability of drinking and irrigation water makes this area one of the most fertile and most densely populated regions of Kyrgyzstan.

There are deposits of zinc ore, lead, gold, and construction materials. The 2006 World Drug Report estimated that 400,000 hectares of cannabis grow wild in the Chüy Valley.
Kazuya Yoshioka
Kazuya Yoshioka (吉岡 和也, Yoshioka Kazuya, born 9 September 1978) is a Japanese ski jumper. In his long World Cup career, Yoshioka has finished twelve times among the top 10. He also has four podium finishes as well as two team victories on 30 January 1999 in Willingen, and on 19 January 2001 in Park City.

At the 2001 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships he finished 19th on the normal hill and 20th on the large hill. He placed 19th at the 1998 FIS Ski Flying World Championships.

Mühlenkopfschanze
Mühlenkopfschanze is the largest ski jumping hill in the world located in Willingen (Hessen), Germany with a K-point of 130 metres (430 ft) and Hill size of 147 metres (482 ft).

The hill is located on the north-eastern, forested slope of the Mühlenkopf peak (815 m above sea level) in the Rothaar Mountains, from which the facility takes its name and is a regular venue in the FIS Ski jumping World Cup.
Hou Fengqi
Hou Fengqi (simplified Chinese: 侯凤岐; traditional Chinese: 侯鳳岐; pinyin: Hòu Fèngqí; born March 1962) is a former Chinese politician who spent most of his career in the cities of Bayannur and Wuhai, in north China's Inner Mongolia. He was investigated by the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection in November 2015. Previously he served as Chinese Communist Party Committee Secretary of Wuhai. In October 2017, he was sentenced to 17 years for accepting bribes and holding a huge amount of property from an unidentified source.

Linhe District
Linhe (Mongolian: ᠯᠢᠨ ᠾᠧ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ; Chinese: 临河区) is the only district and the seat of the city of Baynnur, Inner Mongolia, situated at the northern loop of the Yellow River, south of the Lang Shan range (70 km or 43 mi south-east of the Huhebashige). The district spans an area of 2,333 square kilometers, and has a population of 555,000 inhabitants as of 2019.
Cable Networks Akita
Cable Networks Akita, also known as CNA and in Japanese as Akita Cable Television (秋田ケーブルテレビ), is a cable provider in Japan with 46,418 connected households as of February 27, 2017. The company was established in June 1985 with investments from local companies; however, due to economic constraints, the company remained inactive before starting regular operations. In 1994, due to deregulation in the broadcast and communications sectors, companies like Nissho Iwai and Nippon Telecom (the current SoftBank) injected capital in 1994 and under the leadership of both companies, its service started on December 1, 1997. They acquired the naming rights of the Akita Municipal Gymnasium, the home of Akita Northern Happinets, in 2015.

From April 1, 2010, CNA started broadcasting IBC on its network, replacing TUY. Akita does not have a JNN affiliate of its own.

TV-U Yamagata
TV-U Yamagata Inc. (テレビユー山形, Terebi Yu Yamagata), also known as TUY, is a television network headquartered in Yamagata Prefecture, Japan.  TUY is the third commercial television broadcaster in Yamagata Prefecture; it started broadcasting in 1989. TUY is affiliated with JNN. TBS Holdings is the biggest shareholder of TUY, holding 18% of TUY's stock share.

In December 2005, TUY started broadcasting digital terrestrial television.
Zadeh's rule
In mathematical optimization, Zadeh's rule (also known as the least-entered rule) is an algorithmic refinement of the simplex method for linear optimization.

The rule was proposed around 1980 by Norman Zadeh (son of Lotfi A. Zadeh), and has entered the folklore of convex optimization since then.

Zadeh offered a reward of $1,000 to anyone who can show that the rule admits polynomially many iterations or to prove that there is a family of linear programs on which the pivoting rule requires subexponentially many iterations to find the optimum.

Lotfi A. Zadeh
Lotfi Aliasger Zadeh (/ˈzɑːdeɪ/; Azerbaijani: Lütfi Rəhim oğlu Ələsgərzadə; Persian: لطفی علی‌عسکرزاده; 4 February 1921 – 6 September 2017) was a mathematician, computer scientist, electrical engineer, artificial intelligence researcher, and professor of computer science at the University of California, Berkeley. 
Zadeh is best known for proposing fuzzy mathematics, consisting of several fuzzy-related concepts: fuzzy sets, fuzzy logic, fuzzy algorithms, fuzzy semantics, fuzzy languages, fuzzy control, fuzzy systems, fuzzy probabilities, fuzzy events, and fuzzy information.
Zadeh was a founding member of the Eurasian Academy.
Nike Kornecki
Nike Kornecki (Hebrew: נייקי קורנצקי; born August 18, 1982) is an Israeli Olympic sailor, and competes in the 470 Class double-handed monohull planing dinghy with a centerboard, Bermuda rig, and center sheeting.
  In 2004, she won a bronze medal in the world championships in the 470.

Dinghy
A dinghy  is a type of small boat, often carried or towed by a larger vessel for use as a tender. Utility dinghies are usually rowboats or have an outboard motor.  Some are rigged for sailing but they differ from sailing dinghies, which are designed first and foremost for sailing.  A dinghy's main use is for transfers from larger boats, especially when the larger boat cannot dock at a suitably-sized port or marina.

The term "dinghy towing" sometimes is used to refer to the practice of towing a car or other smaller vehicle behind a motorhome, by analogy to towing a dinghy behind a yacht.
Dhanush (howitzer)
Dhanush (lit. 'Bow') is a 155 mm towed, long-range, medium howitzer manufactured by Advanced Weapons and Equipment India at Gun Carriage Factory Jabalpur, previously a part of the Ordnance Factory Board (OFB). The gun was approved for series production in 2019 and has been inducted into the Indian Army. The Dhanush project was started by OFB to replace the older 105 mm Indian Field Gun, 105 mm Light Field Gun and the Russian 122 mm guns with a modern 155 mm artillery gun.

Pokhran
Pokhran (official spelling Pokaran; Hindi: पोकरण) is a town and a municipality located 112 km east of Jaisalmer city in the Jaisalmer district of the Indian state of Rajasthan. It is situated in the Thar Desert region. Surrounded by rocks, sand and five salt ranges, the word "Pokaran" (पोकरण) means "place surrounded by five salt-ranges" in Rajasthani. The site for India's first and second underground nuclear weapon test is near Pokhran.
Chaklahat Union
Chaklahat Union (Bengali: চাকলাহাট ইউনিয়ন) is a union parishad situated at Panchagarh Sadar Upazila,  in Panchagarh District, Rangpur Division of Bangladesh. The union has an area of 51.80 square kilometres (20.00 sq mi) and as of 2001 had a population of 23,000. There are 56 villages and 12 mouzas in the union.

Panchagarh District
Panchagarh District (Bengali: পঞ্চগড় জেলা) is a district of the Rangpur Division in Northern Bangladesh. Panchagarh is the northernmost district of Bangladesh. It lies between 26º00' and 26º38' north latitudes and between 88º19' and 88º49' east longitudes. It was established as a district on 1 February 1984.
Yevhen Shyryayev
Yevhen Yuriyovych Shyryayev (Ukrainian: Євген Юрійович Ширяєв, romanized: Yevhen Yuriiovych Shyriaiev; born 22 February 1984) is a Ukrainian former professional footballer who played as a football goalkeeper. He was born in Uspenivka, Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi Raion, in the Odesa Oblast of the Ukrainian SSR of the Soviet Union (now in Ukraine). He joined FC Chornomorets Odesa in the winter of 2000–01.

FC Chornomorets Odesa
FC Chornomorets Odesa (Ukrainian: Футбо́льний Клуб Чорномо́рець Оде́са [tʃornoˈmɔretsʲ oˈdɛsɐ]) is a Ukrainian professional football club based in Odesa, Ukraine.

According to the club's website, it was formed in 1936 as Dynamo, but until 2002 it carried a logo with 1958 and 1959 listed as the club's years of foundation on its shield, which is when the club received its current name. The club's shield is very similar to the shield of Romanian FC Farul Constanța.

Chornomorets is the first club in the modern history of Ukraine to win the Ukrainian Cup (1992), and also repeated this success in the 1993–94 season.

For over 30 years, the club was sponsored by the Black Sea Shipping Company (1959–1991). The club was among top 20 Soviet clubs that competed in Soviet Top League. The club's home ground is Chornomorets Stadium and has been opened in 2011.
Si Wi Dem Nuh Know We
"Si Wi Dem Nuh Know We", also known as "Si We... (Charged for Murder)", is a song by Snow featuring Ninjaman and Junior Reid. Recorded in Jamaica and produced by Junior Reid's One Blood production company, "Si Wi Dem Nuh Know We" was released in 1994 as a 12-inch maxi-single only. It also served as the first track on Snow's second album, Murder Love. Ultimately, "Si Wi Dem Nuh Know We" earned Snow a Juno nomination for Best Reggae Recording in 1996 and reached number one on the Jamaican reggae charts.

Ninjaman
Desmond John Ballentine (born 24 January 1966), better known as Ninjaman, and sometimes as Don Gorgon is a Jamaican dancehall deejay, known for his controversial, pro-gun lyrics, his stuttering and melodramatic style. In 2017, he received a life sentence for murder.
Volkswagen Golf Mk1
The Volkswagen Golf Mk1 is the first generation of a small family car manufactured and marketed by Volkswagen. It was noteworthy for signalling Volkswagen's shift of its major car lines from rear-wheel drive and rear-mounted air-cooled engines to front-wheel drive with front-mounted, water-cooled engines that were often transversely-mounted.

Successor to Volkswagen's Beetle, the first generation Golf debuted in Europe in May 1974 with styling by Giorgetto Giugiaro's Italdesign.

Italdesign Giugiaro
Italdesign-Giugiaro S.p.A. (Italian pronunciation: [italdiˈzain dʒuˈdʒaːro]), or simply known as Italdesign, is an Italian design and engineering company and brand based in Moncalieri, that traces its roots to the 1968 foundation of Studi Italiani Realizzazione Prototipi S.p.A. by Giorgetto Giugiaro and Aldo Mantovani. Best known for its automobile design work, Italdesign also offers product design, project management, styling, packaging, engineering, modeling, prototyping and testing services to manufacturers worldwide. As of 2019, Italdesign employs 917 people.

On August 9, 2010, Audi (part of the Volkswagen Group) acquired 90.1% of the shares of Italdesign-Giugiaro S.p.A., including the brand name rights and patents. The remaining shares were sold to Audi on 28 June 2015, when Giorgetto Giugiaro resigned from the firm.
William Webb (cricketer, born 1898)
William Louis Taggart Webb (6 February 1898 – 3 April 1969) was an English first-class cricketer and civil servant.

Webb was born at Camberwell. He first joined the Civil Service in August 1922 as a clerk in the Inland Revenue. He represented the Civil Service cricket team in its only appearance in first-class cricket against the touring New Zealanders at Chiswick in 1927. Batting twice during the match, he scored 59 runs in the Civil Service first-innings before being dismissed by Matt Henderson, while in their second-innings he was dismissed for 17 runs by Roger Blunt.

He later transferred to the Ministry of Labour in November 1929. He died at Southport in April 1969.

King's House Sports Ground
King's House Sports Ground (formally known as the Civil Service Sports Ground) is a multi-use sports ground in Chiswick, London. King George V presided over the official opening in 1926 and inspected the teams. The first recorded cricket match on the ground was in 1926, when the Civil Service cricket team played Australia in a non first-class match. The following year, the ground held its only first-class match when the Civil Service played the touring New Zealanders. This match was also the Civil Service's only appearance in first-class cricket.

The ground held a single Second XI Championship match in 1973 when the Middlesex Second XI played the Kent Second XI.

During the 1993 Women's Cricket World Cup, the ground held its only Women's One Day International when New Zealand women played the West Indies.

Since 2010 the Sports Ground has been managed by King's House School. The school has overseen many new developments to facilities, including a new 3G and all-weather pitch.
Pedro Ispizua
Pedro Ispizua Susunaga (29 April 1895 – 10 January 1976) was a Spanish architect who worked as the municipal architect of Bilbao from 1920 until the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War, after which he worked exclusively as a liberal professional. Throughout his career, he designed several emblematic buildings in Bilbao and Biscay, most notably Mercado de la Ribera, Club Deportivo de Bilbao, and the Colegio de Santiago Apóstol.

Biscay
Biscay (/ˈbɪskeɪ, ˈbɪski/ BISK-ay, BISK-ee; Basque: Bizkaia [bis̻kai.a]; Spanish: Vizcaya [biθˈkaʝa]) is a province of the Basque Autonomous Community, heir of the ancient Lordship of Biscay, lying on the south shore of the eponymous bay. The capital and largest city is Bilbao.

Biscay is one of the most renowned and prosperous provinces of Spain, historically a major trading hub in the Atlantic Ocean since medieval times and, later on, one of the largest industrial and financial centers of the Iberian Peninsula. Since the extensive deindustrialization that took place throughout the 1970s, the economy has come to rely more on the services sector.
Asthamikkatha Pakalukal
Asthamikkatha Pakalukal is a 1981 Indian Malayalam film, directed by A. Sheriff and produced by Kurian Varnasala. The film stars Prem Nazir, Jose, Sankaradi and Sukumaran in the lead roles. The film has musical score by A. T. Ummer.

A. Sheriff
Alleppey Sheriff, also known as A. Sheriff (1940 – 2 December 2015), was an Indian film scriptwriter and director in Malayalam movies. He wrote the script, story and dialogue for more than 100 Malayalam movies during the 1970s and 1980s. He wrote the screenplays for movies Avalude Ravukal in 1978, Ulsavam in 1975, Eeta in 1978, and Allauddinum Albhutha Vilakkum in 1979.
Cefn Cil Sanws
Cefn Cil Sanws is a hill in the Brecon Beacons National Park within Merthyr Tydfil County Borough in south Wales. The summit at 460m above sea level is crowned by a trig point. The steep cliffs of Darren Fawr and Darren Fach defend its western side which drops down into Cwm Taf. A major limestone quarry is worked on the southeastern side of the hill. An unexpected feature at this altitude is Merthyr Tydfil Golf Course which extends high onto the eastern and southern slopes of the hill.

Triangulation station
A triangulation station, also known as a trigonometrical point, and sometimes informally as a trig, is a fixed surveying station, used in geodetic surveying and other surveying projects in its vicinity.

The station is usually set up by a mapping organisation with known coordinates and elevation published. Numerous stations are installed on summits for purposes of visibility and prominence. A graven metal plate on the top of a pillar may provide a mounting point for a theodolite or reflector, often using some form of kinematic coupling to ensure reproducible positioning.
1911 Kebin earthquake
The 1911 Kebin earthquake, or Chon-Kemin earthquake, struck Russian Turkestan on 3 January. Registering at a moment magnitude of 8.0, it killed 452 people, destroyed more than 770 buildings (which was almost all of the city) in Almaty, Kazakhstan, and resulted in 125 miles (201 km) of surface faulting in the valleys of Chon-Kemin, Chilik and Chon-Aksu.

Russian Turkestan
Russian Turkestan was the vast region of Central Asia governed by the Russian Empire, often described by historians as a colonial possession. It was formally organized as the Turkestan Governorate-General in 1867, and was also known as the Turkestan Krai from 1886 onward. For administrative and military purposes, its territory was managed as the Turkestan Military District.

It comprised the oasis regions south of the Kazakh Steppe but excluded the Russian protectorates of the Emirate of Bukhara and the Khanate of Khiva. While these states retained internal autonomy, their independence was largely nominal, as Russia controlled their foreign relations and military affairs. The population consisted primarily of speakers of Uzbek, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, and Tajik, with a significant Russian settler minority.
Mariupol Sea Guard Detachment
The 23rd Marine Guard Detachment (MUN 1472) is a military unit of the Ukrainian Sea Guard of the State Border Service of Ukraine. The detachment guarded and patrolled the maritime border in the Sea of Azov, in a section of 154.7 nautical miles (249.5 km) and the Kerch Strait, in a section of 30.4 miles (49 km), within Donetsk, Zaporizhia and Kherson oblasts. But following the fall of Mariupol, it was relocated to Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi.

Military Unit Number
A Military Unit Number (Russian: войсковая часть, в/ ч; Ukrainian: військова частина, в/ ч) is a unique numeric code assigned to military units of the Soviet Union and some Post-Soviet states. It is usually a four or five digit code for the purpose of identifying units of the armed forces and internal troops.

Military Unit Numbers for ground forces are assigned for a specific military unit (corps, division, brigade, etc.) while for the navy it is assigned to an individual ship. The number is also used for the unit's military mail and other logistics.
Atom Heart Mother (film)
Atom Heart Mother (Persian: مادر قلب‌اتمی, translit. Madar-e ghalb atomi) is a 2013 produced Iranian film that has been released at the Berlin Film Festival 2015. It was a nominee at the 17th Buenos Aires International Festival of Independent Cinema, the LA Film Festival and the 2015 Odesa International Film Festival, and screened at the 65th Berlin International Film Festival, the 16th San Diego Asian Film Festival and the Zurich Film Festival, but was only permitted for screening in Iran in 2017, after some modifications required by the Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance.

Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance
The Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance (Persian: وزارت فرهنگ و ارشاد اسلامی, Vezârat-e Farhang va Ershâd-e Eslâmi) ("Ministry of CIG") is a ministry responsible for managing access to media that, in the view of the Iranian government or the ministry, violates Iranian ethics or promotes values alien to Iranian culture. This may include internet censorship.  It also manages the alignment of religion and the law of the country. It was formed by the merger of the Ministry of Culture and Art and the Ministry of Information and Tourism.
Palam A Stadium
Palam A Stadium, also known as Air Force Station or Model Sports Complex, is a cricket ground in Dwarka Road, Sport View, Palam Air Force Base, Delhi Cantonment,  New Delhi.

The ground was established in 1958, and since then it has been regular venue for cricket for the Services cricket team. The ground has also hosted few matches for the Delhi and Railways cricket teams. As of early February 2025 it has held 149 first-class matches, 69 List A matches and 52 Twenty20 matches. In 2011, the International Cricket Council approved the ground for use as a practice venue for the World Cup; 19 practice sessions took place there.

The ground is very close to Indira Gandhi International Airport, and planes approaching the airport fly low about 100 metres south of the ground before coming in to land on the other side of Dwarka Road. Although the ground is used for Ranji Trophy matches, public entry is restricted, as the ground is within Delhi Cantt area.

Delhi cricket team
The Delhi cricket team is a first-class cricket team based in Delhi, run by the Delhi & District Cricket Association. It plays in the Ranji Trophy, India's first-class competition, as well as in the limited-overs competition, the Vijay Hazare Trophy and Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy. They have won the Ranji Trophy seven times and have been runners-up eight. Their latest title in 2007-08 came after 16 years. The team's home ground is Arun Jaitley Stadium.
Albertz
Albertz is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Heinrich Albertz (1915–1993), German Protestant theologian, priest and politician

Jörg Albertz (born 1971), German footballer

Luise Albertz (1901–1979), German politician

Martin Albertz (1882–1956), Germann clergyman, resistance fighter, and teacher

Sandra Albertz (born 1975), German footballer

Luise Albertz
Luise Albertz (22 June 1901 – 1 February 1979) was a German politician committed, throughout her life, to the Social Democratic Party (SPD).   She was a member of the West German Bundestag (National Parliament) for two decades, until 1969. However, she was firmly rooted in the regional politics of her home city, Oberhausen, where she was the appointed mayor from 1946 to 1948. Following the establishment in 1949, by three of the four principal occupying powers, of West Germany, Albertz was elected mayor of Oberhausen in 1956 and held the office till her death in 1979. She was the first female mayor of a major city in Germany.
Bahnhof verstehen
Bahnhof verstehen (transl. to understand "train station") derives from the German language idiomatic phrase "Ich verstehe nur Bahnhof" –  I only/just understand "train station" – meaning to not be able, or perhaps not willing, to understand what is being said. It has the equivalent meaning to the English language idiom "It's all Greek to me".

Greek to me
That's Greek to me or it's (all) Greek to me is an idiom in English referring to material that the speaker finds difficult or impossible to understand. It is commonly used in reference to a complex or imprecise verbal or written expression, that may use unfamiliar jargon, dialect, or symbols. The metaphor refers to the Greek language, which is unfamiliar to most English speakers, and additionally uses a largely dissimilar alphabet.
Haldor Topsøe (1913–2013)
Haldor Frederik Axel Topsøe (24 May 1913 – 20 May 2013) was a Danish engineer and founder and chairman of the catalysis company Haldor Topsøe. He was grandson of the chemist and crystallographer Haldor Topsøe (1842–1935), after whom he is named.

Technical University of Denmark
The Technical University of Denmark (Danish: Danmarks Tekniske Universitet), often simply referred to as DTU, is a polytechnic university and school of engineering. It was founded in 1829 at the initiative of Hans Christian Ørsted as Denmark's first polytechnic, and it is today ranked among Europe's leading engineering institutions. It is located in the town Kongens Lyngby, 12 km (7.5 mi) north of central Copenhagen, Denmark.

Along with École Polytechnique in Paris, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Eindhoven University of Technology, Technical University of Munich and Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, DTU is a member of EuroTech Universities Alliance.