hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hatebase
Hatebase is a joint project of the Sentinel Project for Genocide Prevention and the Dark Data Project that is described on its website as an "online repository of structured, multilingual, usage-based hate speech". It uses text analysis of speech and written content (including radio transcripts, transcripts of spoken web content, tweets, and articles) and identification of hate speech patterns within it to predict potential regional violence.

Foreign Policy
Foreign Policy is an American news publication founded in 1970 focused on global affairs, current events, and domestic and international policy. It produces content daily on its website and app, and in four print issues annually.

Foreign Policy magazine and ForeignPolicy.com are published by The FP Group, a division of Graham Holdings Company (formerly The Washington Post Company). The FP Group also produces FP Events, Foreign Policy's events division, launched in 2012.
Waada (film)
Waadah is a 1957 Pakistani musical romance film directed by W.Z. Ahmed. It is the first
film that Ahmed made in the country after he migrated to Pakistan and he made two films in Pakistan. Sabiha Khanam and Santosh Kumar played the lead roles in the film.

The film became a hit due to its music which was composed by Rashid Attre, especially the songs "Jab terey sehar sey guzarta hoon" and "Bar bar barseen morey nain" became widely popular at that time. Waadah was a commercially successful of 1957 and won two awards at Nigar Awards including Best actor for Kumar and best director.

The film was screened at Lok Virsa Museum in 2018. In an article published by BBC Urdu, Waadah was listed among the "10 best films of Pakistani cinema". It was also selected among the same list as published in "Asian Film Journeys: Selection from Cinemaya".

Muhajir (Pakistan)
The Muhajir people (also spelled Mohajir and Mahajir) (Urdu: مہاجر) are a multi-origin ethnic group of Pakistan. They are the Muslim immigrants, of various ethnic groups and regional origins, who migrated from various regions of India after the 1947 independence to settle in the newly independent state of Pakistan, and their descendants.
Muhajirs come from various ethnic and regional backgrounds, with a significant portion of the community residing in Karachi and other major urban centers of Pakistan.

The total population of Muhajrs worldwide is estimated to be around 15 million, and the overwhelming majority of this figure (14.7 million) is located in Pakistan, according to the 2017 Pakistani census. Though the official controversial 2017 census of Karachi, which has historically hosted the country's largest Muhajir population, has been challenged by most of Sindh's political parties.
Groundwater in the Comoros
Groundwater resources and occurrence in the Comoros Islands are variable owing to geological variability. Young volcanic islands, including the active Karthala volcano on Grande Comore, host two types of aquifers; a widespread basal aquifer characterised by deep groundwater table, high hydraulic conductivity, high recharge rate and saltwater intrusion issues in coastal areas, and local perched aquifer systems. Older, weathered volcanic islands such as Mayotte are characterised by more complex groundwater occurrence through discontinuous successions of perched aquifers. The Glorioso coral islands host a shallow freshwater lens fed by rainfall infiltration where freshwater-saltwater interactions and spatial patterns are strongly influenced by topography and evapotranspiration processes.

Groundwater recharge
Groundwater recharge or deep drainage or deep percolation is a hydrologic process, where water moves downward from surface water to groundwater. Recharge is the primary method through which water enters an aquifer. This process usually occurs in the vadose zone below plant roots and is often expressed as a flux to the water table surface. Groundwater recharge also encompasses water moving away from the water table farther into the saturated zone. Recharge occurs both naturally (through the water cycle) and through anthropogenic processes (i.e., "artificial groundwater recharge"), where rainwater and/or reclaimed water is routed to the subsurface.

The most common methods to estimate recharge rates are: chloride mass balance (CMB); soil physics methods; environmental and isotopic tracers; groundwater-level fluctuation methods; water balance (WB) methods (including groundwater models (GMs)); and the estimation of baseflow (BF) to rivers.
Shire of Ravensthorpe
The Shire of Ravensthorpe is a local government area in the southern Goldfields-Esperance region of Western Australia, about halfway between the city of Albany and the town of Esperance and about 530 kilometres (329 mi) southeast of the state capital, Perth. The Shire covers an area of 13,551 square kilometres (5,232 sq mi), and its seat of government is the town of Ravensthorpe.

Esperance, Western Australia
Esperance (Wudjari: Kepa Kurl (/kɛp.pɑː kɜːrl/ Kep-pa Kurl)) is a town in the Goldfields–Esperance region of Western Australia, on the Southern Ocean coastline approximately 720 kilometres (450 mi) east-southeast of the state capital, Perth and 391 kilometres (243 mi) south of Kalgoorlie.

The urban population of Esperance was 12,003 at June 2018. Its major industries are tourism, agriculture, and fishing.
Alderley, Gloucestershire
Alderley (also previously known as Alderleigh) is a village and civil parish in the Stroud district of Gloucestershire, England, about fourteen miles southwest of Stroud and two miles south of Wotton-under-Edge. It is situated on the Cotswold Way near to the villages of Hillesley and Tresham and lies underneath Winner Hill between two brooks, the Ozleworth and Kilcott.

Cotswold Way
The Cotswold Way is a 102-mile (164 km) long-distance footpath, running along the Cotswold Edge escarpment of the Cotswold Hills in England. It was officially  inaugurated as a National Trail on 24 May 2007 and several new rights of way have been created.
Central Stadium (Kazan)
The Central Stadium (Russian: Центральный стадион, Tatar: Үзәк стадион, romanized: Uzäk Stadion) is a multi-purpose stadium in Kazan, Russia. It is one of the first sports facilities constructed in Kazan. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home ground of FC Rubin Kazan. The western half of the tribunes is covered with a canopy. In 2010, the stadium gained Four stars classification from UEFA. In 2013, the stadium provided the stage for the track and field tournament as part of the 27th Summer Universiade. In September of the same year, the venue played host to the 2014 FIFA World Cup qualifier – Russia vs Luxembourg, in which Russia won the match 4-1.

UEFA stadium categories
UEFA stadium categories are categories for football stadiums laid out in UEFA's  Stadium Infrastructure Regulations. Using these regulations, stadiums are rated as category one, two, three, or four (renamed from elite) in ascending ranking order. These categories replaced the previous method of ranking stadiums on one to five star scale in 2006.

UEFA does not publish lists of stadiums fulfilling the criteria for any of the categories defined in the UEFA Stadium Infrastructure Regulations, but all assigned stadium categories are visible in UEFA's TIME platform, which is not open to the general public.
John Flanagan (Limerick hurler)
John Flanagan (born 9 January 1956 in Feohanagh, County Limerick) is a retired Irish sportsperson.  He played hurling with his local club Feohanagh-Castlemahon and was a member of the Limerick senior inter-county team in the 1970s and 1980s.

Feohanagh
Feohanagh (Irish: An Fheothanach, "place of the thistles") is a village and townland in the parish of Mahoonagh in the southwest of County Limerick, Ireland. The village of Feohanagh is 5 miles (8 km) south east of the town of Newcastle West, County Limerick on the R522 regional road to Dromcollogher. It is the only village on that road. Feohanagh townland, which has an area of approximately 4.84 square kilometres (1.87 sq mi), had a population of 89 people as of the 2011 census.
Raw FM
Raw FM was an Australian television series produced by the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (the ABC). It aired for one thirteen-episode season between November 1997 and February 1998 and has been re-broadcast. Raw FM is about an independent radio station of the same name and the young people that ran it. Many of the episode titles are word-play on the word raw, such as "Raw 'n' Sore" and "A Raw Nerve".

The cast includes Nadine Garner, Dominic Purcell, Matthew Dyktynski and Sophie Heathcote.

The series has since been repeated by the ABC and was also shown on Channel V.

Channel V
Channel [V] ("V" as in the letter, not the Roman numeral "5") is a Chinese and former Asian pay television musical network originally launched by Star TV Hong Kong (now Disney Networks Group Asia Pacific). It was part of the unit of Disney International Operations, and was launched in September 1991 to replace the first incarnation of MTV's Asian operation before it was shut down on October 1, 2021.

The mainland Chinese version is owned by Star China Media, and is still operational. The Australian channels were owned by Foxtel before their closure.

Channel [V] previously operated either a local feed or a relay of the international version in Hong Kong, Macau, Southeast Asia, the Middle East, and Thailand or localized versions in India, the Philippines, Taiwan, South Korea, Japan and Australia.
Harry Goodhart
Harry Chester Goodhart (17 July 1858 – 21 April 1895) was an English amateur footballer who played as a forward in four FA Cup Finals for Old Etonians, before going on to become Professor of Humanity at the University of Edinburgh

FA Cup Final
The FA Cup Final is the last match in the Football Association Challenge Cup. It has regularly been one of the most attended domestic football events in the world, with an official attendance of 89,472 at the 2017 final. The Final is the culmination of a knockout competition among clubs belonging to The Football Association in England, although Scottish and Irish teams competed in the early years and Welsh teams regularly compete, with Cardiff City winning the Cup in 1927 and reaching the final in 1925 and 2008. From 1923 until 2000 it was played mostly at the original Wembley Stadium, from 2000 to 2006 at the Millennium Stadium, Cardiff, and has been played at the current Wembley Stadium since 2007.

As of 2025, 144 FA Cup Finals have been played.

Victory in the final is one of the ways teams can qualify for the UEFA Europa League of the following season.
1962 League of Ireland Championship play-off
The 1962 League of Ireland Championship play-off was contested by Shelbourne of Dublin and Cork Celtic on 2 May at Dalymount Park, Dublin.

Both sides had finished level with 35 points from 22 matches when the regular season was finished, and as goal difference was not used at the time to settle the League of Ireland championship, a once off match was needed to decide the destination of the title and the League's place in the 1962–63 European Cup.

1962–63 European Cup
The 1962–63 European Cup was the eighth season of the European Cup, UEFA's premier club football tournament. The competition was won by AC Milan, who beat two-time defending champions Benfica in the final at Wembley Stadium, London, on 22 May 1963. Milan's victory was the first by an Italian club.

Five-time winners Real Madrid were eliminated in the preliminary round by Anderlecht, the first time previous winners didn't make it to the first round of the competition.

Albania entered its champion for the first time this season.
Nada Es Igual (Chenoa album)
Nada Es Igual (Nothing Is the Same) is the third studio album from Spanish artist Chenoa, recorded in Milan at the summer of 2005 and produced by the prestigious Dado Parisini.

Chenoa's music changed to pop rock for this album. It sold more than 100,000 copies in Spain, and was also a success in many Latin-American countries. The cover art of the album resembles that of Annie Lennox's third studio album Bare.

The first single was "Rutinas" ("Routines"), a pop rock mid-tempo, released in Spain in October 2005 reaching her sixth number 1. The following singles were "Tengo Para Ti" (number 5), and the rock ballad "Donde Estés" only for promotion.

Nada Es Igual is Chenoa's first album without any songs in English, despite some songs have English subtitles.

Bare (Annie Lennox album)
Bare is the third solo studio album by Scottish singer Annie Lennox, released in Europe on 5 June 2003 by 19 Recordings and RCA Records and in North America on 10 June 2003 by J Records. It peaked at number three on the UK Albums Chart and number four on the US Billboard 200. The album has been certified Gold in both the UK and the US and was nominated for Best Pop Vocal Album at the 46th Grammy Awards.

The album was released with a DVD which included interviews and acoustic versions of songs by Lennox. The Japanese edition of the album features a version of Lennox's 1992 single "Cold" recorded live in Toronto.

The album cover is reminiscent of the Eurythmics 1983 album, Touch.
SIREN code
SIREN codes are given to French businesses and nonprofit associations, SIRET codes to their establishments and facilities. SIREN codes are maintained by the French INSEE. This is France-specific, and will not change during the lifetime of the business.

SIREN codes have 9 digits. The first 8 digits are the business reference, the last one is a check digit.

French public organizations have 1 or 2 as the first digit.

The check digit uses the Luhn algorithm.

Luhn algorithm
The Luhn algorithm or Luhn formula (creator: IBM scientist Hans Peter Luhn), also known as the "modulus 10" or "mod 10" algorithm, is a simple check digit formula used to validate a variety of identification numbers.  The purpose is to design a numbering scheme in such a way that when a human is entering a number, a computer can quickly check it for errors.

The algorithm is in the public domain and is in wide use today. It is specified in ISO/IEC 7812-1. It is not intended to be a cryptographically secure hash function; it was designed to protect against accidental errors, not malicious attacks. Most credit card numbers and many government identification numbers use the algorithm as a simple method of distinguishing valid numbers from mistyped or otherwise incorrect numbers.
Tactile corpuscle
Tactile corpuscles or Meissner's corpuscles are a type of mechanoreceptor discovered by anatomist Georg Meissner (1829–1905) and Rudolf Wagner. This corpuscle is a type of nerve ending in the skin that is responsible for sensitivity to pressure. In particular, they have their highest sensitivity (lowest threshold) when sensing vibrations between 10 and 50 hertz. They are rapidly adaptive receptors. They are most concentrated in thick hairless skin, especially at the finger pads.

Rudolf Wagner
Rudolf Friedrich Johann Heinrich Wagner (30 July 1805 – 13 May 1864) was a German anatomist and physiologist and the co-discoverer of the germinal vesicle.  He made important investigations on ganglia, nerve-endings, and the sympathetic nerves.
Plantar metatarsal arteries
The plantar metatarsal arteries (digital branches) are four in number, arising from the convexity of the plantar arch. They run forward between the metatarsal bones and in contact with the Interossei. They are located in the fourth layer of the foot.

Each divides into a pair of plantar digital arteries which supply the four webs and the adjacent sides of the toes.

Near their points of division each sends upward an anterior perforating branch to join the corresponding dorsal metatarsal artery.

The first plantar metatarsal artery (arteria princeps hallucis) springs from the junction between the lateral plantar and deep plantar arteries and sends a digital branch to the medial side of the first toe.

The digital branch for the lateral side of the fifth toe arise from the lateral plantar artery near the base of the fifth metatarsal bone.

Metatarsal bones
The metatarsal bones or metatarsus (pl.: metatarsi) are a group of five long bones in the midfoot, located between the tarsal bones (which form the heel and the ankle) and the phalanges (toes). Lacking individual names, the metatarsal bones are numbered from the medial side (the side of the great toe): the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth metatarsal (often depicted with Roman numerals). The metatarsals are analogous to the metacarpal bones of the hand. The lengths of the metatarsal bones in humans are, in descending order, second, third, fourth, fifth, and first. A bovine hind leg has two metatarsals.
James King (Quebec politician)
James King (February 18, 1848 – June 21, 1900) was a Canadian businessman and politician.

Born in Saint-Antoine-de-Tilly, Canada East, he received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1867 and a Master of Arts degree in 1873 from the University of Bishop's College. He joined the family business, King Brothers, which was involved in mining. He was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Quebec in the 1892 election for the riding of Mégantic. A Conservative, he did not run in 1897.

Conservative Party of Quebec (historical)
The Conservative Party of Quebec (French: Parti conservateur du Québec) was a political party in Quebec, Canada, from 1867 until 1936, when it merged with members of the Action libérale nationale to form the Union Nationale.
Dobrev
Dobrev (Bulgarian: Добрев) is a Bulgarian surname, derived from the personal name Dobri. Notable people with the surname include:

Bogdan Dobrev, Bulgarian rower

Delyan Dobrev, Bulgarian politician

Dimitar Dobrev, Bulgarian academic

Dimitar Dobrev (wrestler), Bulgarian wrestler

Dobri Dobrev, Bulgarian footballer

Dobri Dobrev, Bulgarian beggar known for donating the money he collected towards the restoration of decaying Bulgarian monasteries and churches and the utility bills of orphanages

Klára Dobrev, the Bulgarian descended wife of former Hungarian Prime Minister Ferenc Gyurcsány

Konstantin Dobrev (born 1974), Bulgarian badminton player

Kristian Dobrev, Bulgarian footballer

Milen Dobrev, Bulgarian wrestler

Nikolay Dobrev, Bulgarian politician and candidate for prime minister of Bulgaria in 1997

Nina Dobrev, Bulgarian-Canadian actress

Klára Dobrev
Klára Dobrev (born Klara Petrova Dobreva, Bulgarian: Клара Петрова Добрева; on 2 February 1972) is a Bulgarian-Hungarian Third Way politician who serves as Member of the European Parliament and leader of the Democratic Coalition. She has previously also served as Vice-President of the European Parliament and Shadow Prime Minister.
Schalunen railway station
Schalunen railway station (German: Bahnhof Schalunen) is a railway station in the municipality of Fraubrunnen, in the Swiss canton of Bern. It is an intermediate stop on the 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) gauge Solothurn–Worblaufen line of Regionalverkehr Bern-Solothurn.

Bern S-Bahn
The Bern S-Bahn (German: S-Bahn Bern; French: RER Berne) is an S-Bahn commuter rail network focused on Bern, the capital city of Switzerland.  The network is roughly coterminous with Bern's urban agglomeration. Its services connect with those of Lucerne S-Bahn, RER Fribourg, RER Vaud and transN.

With approximately 9 million train kilometres per year, the Bern S-Bahn is the second-largest S-Bahn in Switzerland. It handles around 100,000 passengers daily (175,000 on weekdays), and thus carries the majority of the agglomeration's regional public transport traffic.
The Society of Hospital Pharmacists of Australia
Advanced Pharmacy Australia (AdPha), formerly The Society of Hospital Pharmacists of Australia (SHPA), is a professional association. 
Membership mostly comprises hospital pharmacists, but is open to pharmacy technicians and pharmacy students. The organisation aims to support and provide professional development to its members and be an advocate for improved medicines management in policy and practice. The society also produces various publications, including the Journal of Pharmacy Practice and Research (JPPR).

Professional association
A professional association (also called  a professional body, professional organization, or professional society) is a group that usually seeks to further a particular profession, the interests of individuals and organisations engaged in that profession, and the public interest. In the United States, such an association is typically a nonprofit business league for tax purposes. In the UK, they may take a variety of legal forms.
1995 Mercedes Cup – Doubles
Scott Melville and Piet Norval were the defending champions, but Melville did not compete this year. Norval teamed up with Hendrik-Jan Davids and lost in the semifinals to Ellis Ferreira and Jan Siemerink.

Tomás Carbonell and Francisco Roig won the title by defeating Ferreira and Siemerink 3–6, 6–3, 6–4 in the final.

Piet Norval
Pieter ("Piet") Norval (born 7 April 1970) is a former tennis player from South Africa, who turned professional in 1988. His most notable achievement was winning the mixed doubles at the French Open in 1999. The right-hander represented his native country in the doubles competition at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, where he partnered Wayne Ferreira. The pair won the silver medal, after losing the final to Boris Becker and Michael Stich from Germany. Norval reached his highest singles ATP-ranking on 19 June 1989, when he became the no. 125 of the world.
Akeredolu
Akeredolu (Akeredoluⓘ) is a Nigerian surname of Yoruba origin with layered meanings, typically interpreted as "One who becomes prominent at a young age" or "He who humbles himself to become king." The name reflects qualities of early achievement or humility leading to greatness. It is derived from the components “a” (one who), “kéré” (to be small or young), “di” (become), and “Olú” (prominent one or king), forming the morphological structure a-kéré-di-olú.

Notable people with the surname include:

Rotimi Akeredolu (1956–2023), Nigerian politician and lawyer

Betty Anyanwu-Akeredolu (born 1953), Nigerian aquaculturist

Olaolu Akeredolu-Ale, better known as Olaolu Slawn (born 2000), British-Nigerian designer and artist

Olaolu Slawn
Olaolu Akeredolu-Ale (born 24 October 2000), better known as Slawn or Olaolu Slawn, is a Nigerian designer and artist. Most of his works include spray paint, large-scale pop art canvases, graffiti, caricatures and murals. In 2023, he became the youngest person to design the Britannia statuette for the annual BRIT awards.
Mesonauta insignis
Mesonauta insignis is a species of cichlid fish native to the Orinoco and upper Rio Negro basins in South America. Although generally reported to reach a length up to 9.7 cm (3.8 in), others suggest it can reach about twice that size.

Orinoco
The Orinoco (Spanish pronunciation: [oɾiˈnoko]) is one of the longest rivers in South America at 2,140 km (1,330 mi). Its drainage basin, sometimes known as the Orinoquia, covers approximately 1,000,000 km2 (390,000 sq mi), with 65% of it in Venezuela and 35% in Colombia. It is the fourth largest river in the world by discharge volume of water (39,000 m3/s (1,400,000 cu ft/s) at delta) due to the high precipitation throughout its catchment area (2,300 millimetres per are [0.084 in/sq ft]). The Orinoco River and its tributaries are the major transportation system for eastern and interior Venezuela and the Llanos of Colombia. The environment and wildlife in the Orinoco's basin are extremely diverse.