hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alliance of the Presidential Majority
The Alliance of the Presidential Majority (French: Alliance de la majorité présidentielle; AMP), commonly shortened to the Presidential Majority, was the ruling political alliance in the Democratic Republic of Congo from 2006 to 2018. It was formed on 24 June 2006 by then President Joseph Kabila to support his candidacy for the 2006 general election. It held a majority in both the National Assembly and Senate until 2018, when the alliance was dissolved and succeeded by the Common Front for Congo.

National Assembly (Democratic Republic of the Congo)
The National Assembly is the lower house and main legislative political body of the Parliament of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. It is one of the two legislative bodies along with the Senate. The National Assembly is composed of deputies (fr. députés) who are elected by the citizens of the DRC. The deputies serve as the voice of the people and are responsible for enacting legislation, representing their constituents' interests, and overseeing the executive branch of government. The National Assembly is responsible for deliberating and passing laws that impact the nation and its citizens. It was established by the 2006 constitution, which provided for a bicameral parliament consisting of the National Assembly and the Senate. It is located at the People's Palace (French: Palais du Peuple) in Kinshasa.

The inaugural session of the 2024–2028 National Assembly will take place 29 January 2024 with 477 provisionally elected deputies attending.
60th anniversary of the People's Republic of China
The 60th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China took place on 1 October 2009. A military parade involving 10,000 troops and the display of many high-tech weapons was held in Tiananmen Square in Beijing and various celebrations were conducted all over the country. China's paramount leader Hu Jintao inspected the troops along Chang'an Avenue in Beijing. This parade was immediately followed by a civilian parade involving 100,000 participants.

People's Liberation Army Ground Force
The People's Liberation Army Ground Force (PLAGF), also referred to as the PLA Army, is the land warfare service branch of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), and also its largest and oldest branch. The PLAGF traces its lineage to 1927 as the Chinese Red Army; however, it was not officially established until 1948.
Quattrocchi
Quattrocchi (or Quatrocchi) is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Andrea Quattrocchi (born 1989), Paraguayan actress and ballerina

Fabrizio Quattrocchi (1968–2004), Italian terrorism victim

Luigi Beltrame Quattrocchi (1880–1951), Italian Catholic layman

Ottavio Quattrocchi (1938–2013), Italian businessman

Pablo Quatrocchi (born 1974), Argentine football player and coach

Robert Quattrocchi, American politician

Rocco Quattrocchi (1927–2015), American politician

Pablo Quatrocchi
Pablo Javier Quatrocchi (born 19 January 1974) is an Argentine football coach and former player who played as a central defender. He is the reserves manager of Defensa y Justicia.

Born in Quilmes, Quatrocchi played for Quilmes, Estudiantes de La Plata, VfL Wolfsburg, Veracruz, San Lorenzo, and finally retired in Club Necaxa as a defender and captain.
Cambria and Indiana Railroad
The Cambria and Indiana Railroad (C&I) (reporting mark CI) is a railway company that is located in the southeastern part of Indiana County, Pennsylvania in the United States. Incorporated in 1904 and built in 1910 with the intention of carrying lumber, coal was discovered in the area soon after its construction, and C&I's fortunes subsequently became closely intertwined with the coal industry.

C&I became the "richest railroad in the country", generating the most revenue per mile of track, during the 1930s and 1940s. The increasing use of electricity for heating purposes, however, dealt a severe blow to C&I and in 1995, C&I divested almost all its assets.

Rail transport company
A rail transport company is a company active within the rail industry. It can be:

a manufacturing company,

a railway undertaking providing services through operating rolling stock,

a railway infrastructure manager.

In some jurisdictions such as the United States, railway companies may combine these roles. Railway companies can be private or public.
Army Rocket Force Command
The Army Rocket Force Command (ARFC) is a command of the Pakistan Army tasked with controlling and operating conventional rockets and missiles, including cruise, ballistic, and future hypersonic missiles. Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif announced the ARFC's formation on 13 August 2025, three months after the 2025 India–Pakistan conflict in May.

Hypersonic weapon
A hypersonic weapon is a weapon that can travel and maneuver significantly during atmospheric flight at hypersonic speed, which is defined as above Mach 5 (five times the speed of sound). These typically fall into two main categories: hypersonic glide vehicles (boost-glide weapons), and hypersonic cruise missiles (airbreathing weapons).

Below Mach 1, weapons would be characterized as subsonic, and above Mach 1, as supersonic. At extremely high speeds, air in the shock wave is ionized into a plasma, which makes control and communication difficult.
James Dugdale
James Dugdale was an Oxford academic and administrator. He was Fellow and Master of University College, Oxford.

In 1547, Dugdale become a Fellow of University College. He was Master from 1558, but only for a short period, since he refused to support Queen Elizabeth I with the Oath of Supremacy. On 17 November 1561, he was summoned to appear in front of the Royal Visitors, failed to appear, and thus lost his Mastership of University College. Thomas Caius was elected Master later on the same day.

Dugdale had been collated Archdeacon of St Albans in 1557 but was deprived of the Archdeaconry in 1560 because of his Catholic sympathies and failure to sign the Oath of Supremacy.

Academic administration
Academic administration is a branch of university or college employees responsible for the maintenance and supervision of the institution and separate from the faculty or academics, although some personnel may have joint responsibilities. Some type of separate administrative structure exists at almost all academic institutions. Fewer institutions are governed by employees who are also involved in academic or scholarly work. Many senior administrators are academics who have advanced degrees and no longer teach or conduct research.
Pashayan
Pashayan (Armenian: Փաշայան) is an Armenian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Benur Pashayan (1959 - 2019), Armenian Greco-Roman wrestler

Chip Pashayan (born 1941), American lawyer and politician

Garabed Pashayan Khan (1864 - 1915), Armenian physician and doctor

Chip Pashayan
Charles Sahag "Chip" Pashayan Jr. (born March 27, 1941) is an American lawyer and politician from California. He served as a Republican Congressman from the Fresno area in California's Central Valley from 1979 to 1991.
Borbo fallax
Borbo fallax, the false swift, is a butterfly of the family Hesperiidae. It is found in tropical Africa. In South Africa it is found in Eswatini, coastal KwaZulu-Natal, northern Gauteng and the Limpopo Province and the extreme north-east of the North West Province. The habitat consists of coastal bush and moist savanna.

The wingspan is 36–43 mm for males and 41–44 mm for females. Adults are on wing year-round, but are scarcer in winter in southern Africa.

The larvae feed on various Poaceae species, including Ehrharta erecta and Saccharum species.

Ehrharta erecta
Ehrharta erecta is a species of grass commonly known as panic veldtgrass. The species is native to Southern Africa and Yemen. It is a documented invasive species in the United States, New Zealand, Australia, southern Europe and China.

The species is perennial, and normally grows to about 30 to 50 centimeters, although it may reach two meters in height. It will grow in a wide variety of habitats, even in shade.

The species has been used for birdseed, and in ecological restoration such as dune stabilization. However, it has become an invasive weed in many parts of the world. It flowers and seeds throughout the year, and its seeds germinate rapidly, forming new plants in only a few weeks.

In Ireland, E. erecta was first recorded in the 18th century, but there are earlier records from Great Britain.
Karlsberg Bulgaria AD
Karlsberg Bulgaria is the Bulgarian subsidiary of the Carlsberg Group. Since 2002, it has owned the Shumensko Brewery in the city of Shumen, where it brews mainly Shumensko pivo (Шуменско пиво).

The company brews two Bulgarian brands – Shumensko and Pirinsko, and five licensed brands – Tuborg, Carlsberg, Holsten, Budweiser Budvar and Somersby cider.

Somersby (cider)
Somersby (Pronunciation: səmərrzbjʊ; marketed as Somersby Cider in English speaking countries) is a brand of 4.5% abv cider by Danish brewing company Carlsberg Group. Developed in 2008, it was originally developed for the Danish market, but today has been launched in more than 46 markets, including all of Europe, Nepal, Australia, New Zealand, Malaysia, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Thailand, South Korea, Canada, Sri Lanka, South Africa, the United States and Laos.

In 2012, Carlsberg UK developed and introduced a new version of Somersby Cider specific to the United Kingdom market. Somersby Cider UK is a 4.5% ABV medium dry cider with no artificial flavours or sweeteners.

Despite its Danish origin
, the cider is marketed in many territories as being the creation of "Lord Somersby", a fictional English Lord.
Vincent Leibell
Vincent L. Leibell III (born August 6, 1946) is a former American politician from Putnam County, New York. After a long career in the New York State Legislature, Leibell ran for and was elected county executive in 2010, but resigned prior to taking office following an investigation by the Federal Bureau of Investigation which led to his arrest and subsequent conviction on federal corruption charges.

His resignation was in connection with a Federal plea arrangement stemming from two felony convictions relating to kickbacks Leibell had received while using his position as State Senator to steer taxpayer monies towards two local non-profit agencies which he controlled. In November 2012, he was released to a halfway house after completed serving 17-months of his 21-month prison sentence at the Federal Correctional Institute in Loretto, Pennsylvania.

Loretto, Pennsylvania
Loretto is a borough in Cambria County, Pennsylvania, United States. As of the 2020 census, Loretto had a population of 1,196. Like the rest of Cambria County, it is part of the Johnstown Metropolitan Statistical Area. Loretto is the home of Saint Francis University.
Ivan Baron (activist)
Ivan Baron (born January 23, 1999, Natal) is a influencer and anti-ableist activist from Rio Grande do Norte, with a degree in pedagogy. He became notable for his work on social media advocating and promoting policies for the inclusion of people with disabilities. Baron has cerebral palsy resulting from a viral meningitis he contracted at age 3 due to a case of food poisoning. He began his activism in 2018.

He took part in the delivery of the presidential sash during the inauguration of Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva in 2023. Baron stated that his participation came from an invitation made by the First Lady Rosângela Lula da Silva. In addition, he was an accessibility consultant for the Festival do Futuro at the inauguration celebration. In February, Baron was announced by Ethel Maciel, Secretary of Health Surveillance and Environment of the Ministry of Health, as ambassador of the National Vaccination Campaign.

Ministry of Health (Brazil)
The Ministry of Health (Portuguese: Ministério da Saúde) is a cabinet-level federal ministry in Brazil.
Since March 2025, the Health Minister is Alexandre Padilha. The Ministry oversees the Sistema Único de Saúde, the world’s largest integrated public health system.
Mihrişah Sultan Complex
The Mihrişah Sultan Complex (Turkish: Mihrişah Valide Sultan Külliyesi) is an Ottoman architectural complex and charitable foundation (külliye) founded by Mihrişah Sultan in the late 18th century. The complex is located next to the Eyüp Sultan Mosque complex in Istanbul, Turkey. The complex's largest component is an imaret (soup kitchen) which is notable for being one of the last imarets in Istanbul to still serve its original purpose. The rest of the complex is also notable for the founder's mausoleum and for its ornate street-facing sebil, all built in the Ottoman Baroque style.

Külliye
A külliye (Ottoman Turkish: كلیه) is a complex of buildings associated with Turkish architecture centered on a mosque and managed within a single institution, often based on a waqf (charitable foundation) and composed of a madrasa, a Dar al-Shifa (clinic), kitchens, bakery, hammam, other buildings for various charitable services for the community and further annexes.

The tradition of külliye is particularly marked in Turkish architecture, starting in Seljuq, then especially in Ottoman, and also in Timurid architectural legacies. The word is derived from Turkish külli, meaning "complete".
Mental Health Act Commission
The Mental Health Act Commission was an NHS special health authority that provided a safeguard for people detained in hospital under the powers of the Mental Health Act 1983 in England and Wales. Mental health care is the only part of health care where patients can be treated under compulsion, and necessarily there are very clear legal requirements on hospitals and the other services involved - primarily local authority social services.  The Commission was abolished on 31 March 2009.

Patient
A patient is any recipient of health care services that are performed by healthcare professionals. The patient is most often ill or injured and in need of treatment by a physician, nurse, optometrist, dentist, veterinarian, or other health care provider.
Björn Försterling
Björn Försterling (born 23 July 1982 in Wolfenbüttel) is a German politician of the Free Democratic Party (FDP) who served as a member of the State Parliament of Lower Saxony from 2008 to 2022.

In the negotiations to form a so-called traffic light coalition of the Social Democratic Party (SPD), the Green Party and the FDP following the 2021 German elections, Försterling was part of his party's delegation in the working group on education policy, co-chaired by Andreas Stoch, Felix Banaszak and Jens Brandenburg.

Andreas Stoch
Andreas Stoch (born 10 October 1969) is a German politician and member of the Landtag of Baden-Württemberg. He is a member of the Social Democratic Party and leader of its Baden-Württemberg state branch since November 2018. He previously served as state Minister for Culture, Youth and Sport from 2013 to 2016.
Chabad Lubavitch of Poland
The Chabad Lubavitch of Poland, also called the Chabad House Warsaw, Poland, is a Chabad Hasidic Jewish congregation and synagogue, located at 19/508 Słomińskiego Street, in Warsaw, in the Masovian Voivodeship of Poland.

Another temple of this type in Poland (ongoing ownership disputes) is the Isaac Jakubowicz Synagogue in Kraków.

The synagogue was founded in December 2005. The prayer room is part of the Jewish Centre, where a yeshiva, kosher restaurant and library are also located. The current rabbi of the synagogue is Chabad Rabbi Shalom Ber Stambler.

Izaak Synagogue
The Izaak Synagogue (Polish: Synagoga Izaaka), formally known as the Isaak Jakubowicz Synagogue, is an Orthodox Jewish congregation and synagogue, located at 14 Kupa Street, in the historic Kazimierz district of Kraków, in the Lesser Poland Voivodeship of Poland. Designed by Francesco Olivierri in the Baroque style and completed in 1644, the synagogue is named for its donor, Izaak Jakubowicz (d. 1673), also called Isaac the Rich, a banker to King Ladislaus IV of Poland.
Chlorine (2015 film)
Chlorine (Italian: Cloro) is a 2015 drama film written and directed  by Lamberto Sanfelice and starring Sara Serraiocco. It was entered into the World Cinema Dramatic competition at the 2015 Sundance Film Festival. Sanfelice was nominated for Best New Director at the 2015 David di Donatello Awards.

2015 Sundance Film Festival
The 2015 Sundance Film Festival took place from January 22 to February 1, 2015. What Happened, Miss Simone?, a biographical documentary film about American singer Nina Simone, opened the festival. Comedy-drama film Grandma, directed by Paul Weitz, served as the closing night film.
Michel Haddad
Michel George Haddad (22 February 1902 – 3 May 1983) was an Egyptian boxer who competed in the 1924 Summer Olympics. In 1924 he was eliminated in the first round of the lightweight class after losing his fight to Luigi Marfut.

Boxing at the 1924 Summer Olympics – Lightweight
The men's lightweight event was part of the boxing programme at the 1924 Summer Olympics. The weight class was the fourth-lightest contested, and allowed boxers of up to 135.5 pounds (61.2 kilograms). The competition was held from July 16, 1924 to July 20, 1924. 30 boxers from 22 nations competed.
Dwarf pygmy goby
The dwarf pygmy goby or Philippine goby (Pandaka pygmaea) is a tropical species of fish in the subfamily Gobionellinae from brackish water and mangrove areas in Southeast Asia. It is one of the smallest fish species in the world. Males reach maturity at a standard length of 0.9 cm (0.35 in) and can reach up to 1.1 cm (0.43 in) in standard length, while the females can grow up to 1.5 centimetres (0.59 in) in total length. Adults weigh around 425 milligrams (0.015 oz). It is known as bia and tabios in the Philippines.

Gobionellinae
The Gobionellinae are a subfamily of fish which was formerly classified in the family Gobiidae, the gobies, but the 5th Edition of Fishes of the World classifies the subfamily as part of the family Oxudercidae. Members of Gobionellinae mostly inhabit estuarine and freshwater habitats; the main exception is the genus Gnatholepis, which live with corals in marine environments. The subfamily is distributed in tropical and temperate regions around the world with the exception of the northeastern Atlantic Ocean, the Mediterranean Sea, and the Ponto-Caspian region.

Fossil records are known from the Middle Miocene of Europe.

It includes around 542 species and 76 genera:
Paul Alexander Bartlett
Paul Alexander Bartlett (July 13, 1909 – April 19, 1990) was an American writer, artist, and poet. He made a large-scale study of more than 350 Mexican haciendas, published novels, short stories, and poetry, and worked as a fine artist in a variety of media.

Evelyn Eaton
Evelyn Sybil Mary Eaton (22 December 1902 – 17 July 1983) was a Canadian novelist, short-story writer, poet and academic known for her early novels set in New France, and later writings which explored spirituality.
Chow Ho-Wan
Chow Ho-Wan (simplified Chinese: 周浩云; traditional Chinese: 周浩雲; pinyin: Zhōu Hàoyún; born 15 April 1982 in Hong Kong) is a Hong Kong racing rider. He has competed in the 250cc and 125cc World Championships, the Asian Road Racing Championship and the Chinese Superbike Championship. He is also the 2008 China Superbike Championship 600cc champion.

China Superbike Championship
China Superbike Championship (CSBK) is a motorcycle racing championship organized in China by China Motorcycle Sports Association and promoted by Zhuhai International Circuit. It was first established in 2007.  The 150cc Open Class allowed for engine modification and Feiying Racing commissioned Wiseco Piston to build and prep 4 race engines for the series.  These engines powered Feiying to the 2007 Championship and S&S Racing to the 2008 Championship.

There was four championship rounds in 2007. Two at Zhuhai International Circuit, one at Beijing Goldenport Park Circuit and one at Shanghai's Tianma Circuit. The last China Superbike Championship took place in Tianjin (2019).
Paul Crandall
Paul Crandall (September 20, 1802 - January 9, 1889) was a farmer from Lima, Wisconsin, who spent a single one-year term as a Whig member of the Wisconsin State Assembly from the district of Rock County consisting of the towns of Beloit, Clinton and Turtle, during the 1849 session. He succeeded fellow Whig Robert T. Carey, and would be succeeded in 1850 by another Whig, John A. Segar.

He had been a member of the second constitutional convention which wrote the constitution under which Wisconsin achieved statehood in 1848.

On January 6, 1851, he was elected as a member of the board of directors of the newly organized Rock County Agricultural Society and Mechanics Institute.

He and his wife, the former Sally Stillman, would later emigrate to Oregon. He died January 9, 1889, in Salem, Oregon, and is buried in the Salem Pioneer Cemetery.

Their grandson, Thomas R. Coon, would become mayor of Hood River, Oregon, and serve as a Republican member of the Oregon House of Representatives.

2nd Wisconsin Legislature
The Second Wisconsin Legislature convened from January 10, 1849, to April 2, 1849, in regular session. Senators representing odd numbered districts were newly elected for this session and were serving the first year of a two-year term.  Senators representing even numbered districts were serving the second year of their two-year term.

The governor of Wisconsin during this entire term was Democrat Nelson Dewey, of Grant County, serving his first full year in office after winning election in the state's first gubernatorial election in May 1848, and taking office in June 1848.
Richard P. Van Duyne
Richard P. Van Duyne (1945–2019) was an American chemist and professor of chemistry at Northwestern University. He was known for his development of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and nanoplasmonics initially for analytical and physical chemistry, but the high sensitivity of these methods resulted in numerous applications in chemistry, material science, physics, and medicine. He definitively demonstrated the single molecule sensitivity of SERS.

Van Duyne was recognized by numerous awards, including the Earle K. Plyler Prize for Molecular Spectroscopy of the American Physical Society, the E. Bright Wilson Award in Spectroscopy and the Analytical Chemistry Award of the American Chemical Society. He was also elected a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the National Academy of Sciences. In 2008, he received the Ellis R. Lippincott Award.

Nanophotonics
Nanophotonics or nano-optics is the study of the behavior of light on the nanometer scale, and of the interaction of nanometer-scale objects with light. It is a  branch of optics, optical engineering, electrical engineering, and nanotechnology. It often involves dielectric structures such as nanoantennas, or metallic components, which can transport and focus light via surface plasmon polaritons.

The term "nano-optics", just like the term "optics", usually refers to situations involving ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared light (free-space wavelengths from 300 to 1200 nanometers).