hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Siege of Niemcza
The siege of Niemcza (Polish: Obrona Niemczy) took place during three weeks in August 1017, in the last phase of the German–Polish War (1002–18), when the forces of the Emperor Henry II besieged the town of Niemcza controlled by the Polish ruler Bolesław I the Brave. Despite the aid of Bohemian and Lutici allies, the Imperial attack was ultimately unsuccessful, according to medieval chronicler Thietmar of Merseburg due to the arrival of reinforcements which managed to break into the city and the illness among the German forces. The failure of the siege marked the end of Henry's campaign in Poland and led the emperor to agree to the Peace of Bautzen in 1018, which left the eastern March of Lusatia and the Milceni lands (later Upper Lusatia) under Polish control.

March of Lusatia
The March or Margraviate of Lusatia (German: Markgrafschaft Lausitz) was an eastern border march of the Holy Roman Empire in the lands settled by Polabian Slavs. It arose in 965 in the course of the partition of the vast Marca Geronis. Ruled by several Saxon margravial dynasties, among them the House of Wettin, the lordship was contested by the Polish kings as well as by the Ascanian margraves of Brandenburg. The remaining territory was finally incorporated into the Lands of the Bohemian Crown in 1367.
2005–06 National Division Two
The 2005–06 National Division Two was the sixth version (nineteenth overall) of the third division of the English rugby union league system using the name National Division Two.  New teams to the division included Henley Hawks and Orrell who were relegated from the 2004–05 National Division One, Halifax who were promoted from the 2004–05 National Division Three North as well as Barking (champions) and Redruth (runners up) who were promoted from the 2004–05 National Division Three South.  Only one team would be relegated at the end of this season (instead of the usual three).

By the end of the season Moseley were league champions beating Waterloo to first place by just 2 points, with both sides being promoted to the 2006–07 National Division One.  Orrell finished as the league's bottom side behind 13th place Harrogate and were relegated to the 2006–07 National Division Three North, making it two consecutive relegations for the Wigan based club.

Halifax RUFC
Halifax Rugby Union Football Club is an English rugby union team based in Halifax, West Yorkshire. The club currently runs two senior men's teams (1xv, which currently plays in Counties 2 Yorkshire, 2ndxv/Vets) along with 2 Women's rugby union teams (1xv & Development) and a Mixed Ability rugby team.
Bernhard Nieswandt
Bernhard Reiner Nieswandt (born July 9, 1968) is a German biochemist and cell biologist specializing in cardiovascular research, thrombosis, and hemostasis. He is a distinguished professor in the field of biomedicine and serves as the appointed Chair of Experimental Biomedicine at the Universitätsklinikum Würzburg. Additionally, he is a research group leader at the Rudolf Virchow Center in Würzburg.

Rudolf Virchow Center
49°48′04″N 9°57′22″E﻿ / ﻿49.801°N 9.956°E﻿ / 49.801; 9.956

The Rudolf Virchow Center (RVZ) is the DFG Research Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging of the University of Würzburg. It was started in 2001 as one of three German Centers of Excellence funded by the German Research Foundation, DFG. Its founding chairman is Martin J. Lohse, a former coworker of Robert Lefkowitz at Duke University.
Grøndahl
Grøndahl or Gröndahl or Grondahl is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Agathe Backer-Grøndahl (1847–1907), Norwegian pianist and composer

Britta Gröndahl (1914–2002), Swedish writer and anarcho-syndicalist

Cathrine Grøndahl (born 1969), Norwegian poet

Jan Grøndahl (born 1934), Norwegian police chief and civil servant

Jens Christian Grøndahl (born 1959), Danish writer

Kåre Grøndahl Hagem (1915–2008), Norwegian politician for the Conservative Party

Kelpo Gröndahl (1920–1994), Finnish wrestler from Pori in the Satakunta region

Kirsti Kolle Grøndahl (born 1943), Norwegian politician for the Labour Party, currently County Governor of Buskerud

Launy Grøndahl (1886–1960), Danish composer and conductor

Mick Grøndahl (born 1968), Danish-American bass guitarist

Roope Gröndahl (born 1989), Finnish pianist trained at the Sibelius Academy

Tobias Grøndahl (born 2001), Norwegian handball player

Kirsti Kolle Grøndahl
Brit Kirsti Kolle Grøndahl (born 1 September 1943) is a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party, former County Governor of Buskerud. She was Minister of Education and Church Affairs from 1986 to 1988 and Minister of International Development from 1988 to 1989.

From 11 October 1993 to 30 September 2001, she was the first female President of the Storting, and she has been County Governor of Buskerud since 1999.
Evan Funke
Evan Funke (born 1978 in Los Angeles, California) is an American chef and pasta maker who is head chef and co-owner of a series of popular Italian restaurants across North America, including three in Los Angeles. He is a two-time James Beard nominee and has been described as Los Angeles' best pasta maker.

James Beard Foundation Award
The James Beard Foundation Awards are annual awards presented by the James Beard Foundation to recognize chefs, restaurateurs, authors and journalists in the United States. The James Beard Foundation Awards have been likened to the Academy Awards of the food world due to its prestige and recognition.

The awards are voted on by more than 600 culinary professionals, including previous award winners. Recipients receive a medallion etched with the image of James Beard and a certificate from the foundation.
Robert Wegner
Robert M. Wegner is a Polish fantasy writer, winner of Janusz A. Zajdel Award in 2009 for his short story We All are Meekhanees (pol. Wszyscy jesteśmy Meekhańczykami) and Sfinks Award in 2010 for short-story The Best You Can Buy (pol. Najlepsze, jakie można kupić).

He made his debut in 2002 in Science Fiction magazine with short-story The Last Flight of Night Cowboy (pol. Ostatni lot Nocnego Kowboja). In 2009 and 2010, he published two collections of short stories called Tales from Meekhanese Border (pol. Opowieści z meekhańskiego pogranicza). Both were released by Powergraph.

Janusz A. Zajdel Award
The Janusz A. Zajdel Award (Nagroda imienia Janusza A. Zajdla), often called just Zajdel,
is the annual award given by the Polish science fiction and fantasy fandom for the best stories published in the previous year. It was established in 1984.

It is the most prestigious of several Polish awards for that genre of literature.
HMS H48
HMS H48 was a British H-class submarine built by William Beardmore and Company, Dalmuir. She was laid down on 30 November 1917 and was commissioned on 23 June 1919. The submarine had a complement of twenty-two crew members. H48 was sold on 30 August 1935 at Llanelly.

Dalmuir
Dalmuir (/dælˈmjʊər/; Scottish Gaelic: Dail Mhoire) is an area nine miles (fourteen kilometres) northwest of Glasgow, Scotland, on the western side of Clydebank, and part of West Dunbartonshire Council Area.  The name is a lowland Scots derivation of the Gaelic meaning Big Field.  The area was originally two separate villages with Dalmuir Shore joining with Clydebank in 1886 and Dalmuir Village in 1906, during a period of rapid industrialisation and expansion.    Dalmuir is bounded by the village of Old Kilpatrick to the west, the Mountblow and Parkhall housing schemes to the north, and the Clydebank town centre area to the east.  To the south is the River Clyde.
Passaic County Technical Institute
Passaic County Technical Institute (also known as PCTI, Passaic County Tech, Wayne Tech or simply Tech), is a vocational public high school in Wayne, that serves students in ninth through twelfth grades from all of Passaic County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. It is located near the city of Paterson. PCTI offers some vocational classes in addition to several college credit courses. It is the sister school of the Diana C. Lobosco STEM Academy, with which it shares a campus and extracurricular programs.

As of the 2023–24 school year, the school had an enrollment of 3,660 students and 302.0 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 12.1:1. There were 1,483 students (40.5% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 328 (9.0% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch. Based on 2021-22 data from the New Jersey Department of Education, PCTI was the largest high school in the state, one of 29 schools with more than 2,000 students.

Paterson, New Jersey
Paterson (English pronunciation: /ˈpætɚsən/ ⓘ) is the largest city in and the county seat of Passaic County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, Paterson was the state's third-most-populous municipality, with a population of 159,732, an increase of 13,533 (+9.3%) from the 2010 census count of 146,199, which in turn reflected a decline of 3,023 (-2.0%) from the 149,222 counted in the 2000 census. The Census Bureau's Population Estimates Program calculated a population of 156,452 for 2023, making it the 168th-most populous municipality in the nation.

A prominent mill town within the New York–New Jersey metropolitan area, Paterson has been known as Silk City for its once-dominant role in silk production during the latter half of 19th century. It has since evolved into a major destination for Hispanic immigrants as well as for immigrants from Turkey, the Arab world, and South Asia. Paterson has the nation's second-largest per capita Muslim population.
Benedict and Nancy Freedman House
The Benedict and Nancy Freedman House was a house at 315 North Via De La Paz in Pacific Palisades, Los Angeles. It was completed in 1949 to the designs of architect Richard Neutra and was destroyed in the January 2025 Palisades Fire. It was designed for the screenwriters Benedict and Nancy Freedman.

The house was made from wood and featured large glass windows with clerestories. It was divided by a large patio space with a bedroom on the west side. The house had a swimming pool, separated from the house by pergolas made from redwood. It was subsequently expanded with a second floor and remodelled by architecture firm nonzero\architecture (formerly studio bau:ton) in 2017.

Architectural firm
In the United States, an architectural firm or architecture firm is a business that employs one or more licensed architects and practices the profession of architecture; while in South Africa, the United Kingdom, Ireland, Denmark and other countries, an architectural firm is a company or partnership that offers architectural services.
'60s Gold
'60s Gold, formerly known as The '60s on 6 or The '60s, is a commercial-free, satellite radio station on the Sirius XM Radio platform. It plays music from the 1960s. Airing on XM since 2001, the channel became available to Sirius subscribers replacing '60s Vibrations on November 12, 2008, following the merger of the two companies. The station currently broadcasts on channel 73 of both services, as well as on Dish Network channel 6073.

Like the other decades channels, '60s Gold works to recreate the feel of 1960s radio. They use similar DJs, classic PAMS jingles, period slang, and news updates.  The channel was also used for XM's annual rock and roll hits music chronology, IT.

The logo features a Peace sign for the zero.

As of 2008, The '60s on 6 was the fifth most listened to station on the XM service, with a cume of 581,300 listeners per week, according to Arbitron analysis.

Sirius Satellite Radio
Sirius Satellite Radio was a satellite radio (SDARS) service that operated in the United States and Canada. Sirius launched in 2002, and primarily competed with XM Satellite Radio, until the two services merged in 2008 to form Sirius XM.

Like XM, Sirius offered pay-for-service radio for a monthly subscription fee, analogous to the business model of cable television. Its music channels were presented without commercial advertising, while its talk channels carried commercials. Its content was not subject to the same FCC content regulation as terrestrial radio, which allowed both music and talk broadcasts to include explicit content. Sirius channels were identified by Nielsen Audio with the label "SR" (e.g. "SR120", "SR9", "SR17").

Sirius Satellite Radio Inc. was headquartered in New York City, and operated smaller studios in Los Angeles and Memphis.
Seduction novel
The seduction novel is a literary genre which was popular in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. A seduction novel presents the story of a virtuous, but helpless woman who is seduced by a man that will eventually betray her. "Inevitably, she yields herself to him; inevitably, she dies." Her failure to adhere to the commonly accepted standard of sexual behavior leads to her "self-destruction and death".

Julie; or, The New Heloise
Julie or the New Heloise (French: Julie ou la nouvelle Héloïse), originally entitled Lettres de Deux Amans, Habitans d'une petite Ville au pied des Alpes (Letters from two lovers, living in a small town at the foot of the Alps), is an epistolary novel by Jean-Jacques Rousseau, published in 1761 by Marc-Michel Rey in Amsterdam. The novel's subtitle points to the history of Héloïse d'Argenteuil and Peter Abélard, a medieval story of passion and Christian renunciation.
Aethes smeathmanniana
Aethes smeathmanniana, or Smeathmann's aethes moth, is a moth of the family Tortricidae. It was described by Johan Christian Fabricius in 1781. It is found in most of Europe, Asia Minor and in North America, where it has been recorded from New Jersey and Newfoundland and Labrador.

The wingspan is 12–19 millimetres (0.47–0.75 in). Adults are on wing from May to August.

The larvae feed on the seeds of various plants, including Achillea millefolium and Centaurea species. Other recorded food plants include Anthemis cotula, Centaurea nigra and Lactuca sativa.

Achillea millefolium
Achillea millefolium, commonly known as yarrow (/ˈjæroʊ/) or common yarrow, is a flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. Growing to 1 metre (3+1⁄3 feet) tall, it is characterized by small whitish flowers, a tall stem of fernlike leaves, and a pungent odor.

The plant is native to temperate regions of Eurasia and North America. It has been introduced as feed for livestock in New Zealand and Australia. It has some potential uses, including in traditional medicine.
Axia (mythology)
In Greek mythology, Axia (Ancient Greek: Ἀξίας) was a Minyan princess, the daughter of King Clymenus of Orchomenus and Budeia, daughter of Lycus. She was the sister of Erginus, Stration, Arrhon, Pyleus, Azeus and Eurydice, wife of Nestor of Pylos. A town in Ozolian Locris was named after her.

Ozolian Locris
Ozolian Locris (Ancient Greek: Ὀζολία Λοκρίς) or Hesperian Locris (Ancient Greek: Λοκρίς Ἑσπερία, lit. 'Western Locris') was a region in ancient Greece, inhabited by the Ozolian Locrians (Ancient Greek: Ὀζολοὶ Λοκροί; Latin: Locri Ozoli) a tribe of the Locrians, upon the Corinthian Gulf, bounded on the north by Doris, on the east by Phocis, and on the west by Aetolia.
Gallate 1-beta-glucosyltransferase
In enzymology, a gallate 1-beta-glucosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.136) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

UDP-glucose + gallate  UDP + 1-galloyl-beta-D-glucose

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are UDP-glucose and gallate, whereas its two products are UDP and 1-galloyl-beta-D-glucose.

This enzyme belongs to the family of glycosyltransferases, specifically the hexosyltransferases.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is UDP-glucose:gallate beta-D-glucosyltransferase. Other names in common use include UDP-glucose-vanillate 1-glucosyltransferase, UDPglucose:vanillate 1-O-glucosyltransferase, and UDPglucose:gallate glucosyltransferase.

Uridine diphosphate
Uridine diphosphate, abbreviated UDP, is an organic compound. It is an ester of pyrophosphoric acid with the nucleoside uridine. UDP consists of the pyrophosphate group, the pentose sugar ribose, and the nucleobase uracil.

UDP is an important factor in glycogenesis. Before glucose can be stored as glycogen in the liver and muscles, the enzyme UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase forms a UDP-glucose unit by combining glucose 1-phosphate with uridine triphosphate, cleaving a pyrophosphate ion in the process. Then, the enzyme glycogen synthase combines UDP-glucose units to form a glycogen chain. The UDP molecule is cleaved from the glucose ring during this process and can be reused by UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase.
1860 United States presidential election in Wisconsin
The 1860 United States presidential election in Wisconsin was held on November 6, 1860, as part of the 1860 United States presidential election. State voters chose five electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.

Wisconsin was won by the Republican Party candidate Abraham Lincoln and his running mate Hannibal Hamlin. They defeated the Democratic Party candidate Stephen A. Douglas and his running mate Herschel V. Johnson. Lincoln won the state by a margin of 13.85%.

This was the last election until 1904 that Calumet County would vote for a Republican candidate. Additionally, Manitowoc County and Jefferson County would not vote Republican again until 1896. Green Lake County, established in 1858 and participating in its first presidential election, voted for Lincoln and would continue to back the statewide winner in every presidential election until 1940.

Herschel V. Johnson
Herschel Vespasian Johnson (September 18, 1812 – August 16, 1880) was an American politician. He was the 41st governor of Georgia from 1853 to 1857 and the vice presidential nominee of the Douglas wing of the Democratic Party in the 1860 U.S. presidential election. He also served as one of Georgia's Confederate States senators.
Breimsvatnet
Breimsvatnet is a lake in Vestland county, Norway. It is located mostly in Gloppen Municipality, but the southern end of the lake lies in Sunnfjord Municipality. At 22.67 square kilometres (8.75 sq mi), it is the largest lake in Gloppen (followed by the lake Eimhjellevatnet). The European route E39 highway runs along the north end of the lake, connecting the two nearby areas of Sandane and Byrkjelo. On the shores of the 17-kilometre (11 mi) long lake lie several villages including Re and Kandal. The lake flows into the Gloppenelva river which flows into the Gloppefjorden, an arm of the Nordfjorden. Historically, the area surrounding the lake was part of the old Breim Municipality, which existed from 1886 until 1964.

European route E39
European route E39 is the designation of a 1,330-kilometre (830 mi) north–south road in Norway and Denmark from Klett, just south of Trondheim, to Aalborg via Bergen, Stavanger and Kristiansand. In total, there are nine ferries, more than any other single road in Europe.

In Trondheim, there are connections to E6 and E14; in Ålesund, to E136, in Bergen to E16, in Haugesund, to E134, in Kristiansand to E18, and in Aalborg to E45.
1924–25 Scottish Division One
The 1924–25 Scottish Division One season was won by Rangers by three points over nearest rival Airdrieonians. Ayr United and Third Lanark finished 19th and 20th respectively and were relegated to the 1925–26 Scottish Division Two.

Ayr United F.C.
Ayr United Football Club are a football club in Ayr, Scotland, who play in the Scottish Championship, the second tier of the Scottish Professional Football League. Formed in 1910 by the merger of Ayr Parkhouse and Ayr F.C., their nickname is The Honest Men, from a line in the Robert Burns poem "Tam o' Shanter". They play at Somerset Park.

The club is currently managed by Scott Brown. The club have spent 34 seasons in Scotland's top division, the last being 1977–78, and have been the champions of the second tier of Scottish football on six occasions, and of the third tier on three occasions. The club's most successful manager, Ally MacLeod, went on to manage the Scotland national team. In 2018, Ayr United secured promotion to the Scottish Championship as champions of League One.
Moment (physics)
A moment is a mathematical expression involving the product of a distance and a physical quantity such as a force or electric charge. Moments are usually defined with respect to a fixed reference point and refer to physical quantities located some distance from the reference point. For example, the moment of force, often called torque, is the product of a force on an object and the distance from the reference point to the object. In principle, any physical quantity can be multiplied by a distance to produce a moment. Commonly used quantities include forces, masses, and electric charge distributions; a list of examples is provided later.

Francesco Maurolico
Francesco Maurolico (Latin: Franciscus Maurolycus; Italian: Francesco Maurolico; Greek: Φραγκίσκος Μαυρόλυκος; Sicilian: Francescu Maurolicu; 16 September 1494 – 22 July 1575) was an Italian mathematician and astronomer from the Kingdom of Sicily. He made contributions to the fields of geometry, optics, conics, mechanics, music, and astronomy. He edited the works of classical authors including Archimedes, Apollonius, Autolycus, Theodosius and Serenus. He also composed his own unique treatises on mathematics and mathematical science.
Bakers (bakery)
Bakers Limited, commonly known as Bakers, is a South African food manufacturing company that produces a wide variety of savoury and sweet biscuits.

Bakers is part of National Brands Limited, an FMCG company which is a subsidiary of South African holding company AVI Limited. Bakers products are manufactured in Durban, Pretoria, and Johannesburg.

Biscuit
A biscuit is a flour-based baked food item. Biscuits are typically hard, flat, and unleavened. They are usually sweet and may be made with sugar, chocolate, icing, jam, ginger, or cinnamon. Savoury biscuits are called crackers.

Types of biscuit include biscotti, sandwich biscuits (such as custard creams), digestive biscuits, ginger biscuits, shortbread biscuits, chocolate chip cookies, Anzac biscuits, and speculaas.

The term "biscuit" is used in many English-speaking countries. In the United States and parts of Canada, sweet biscuits are nearly always called "cookies" and savoury biscuits are called "crackers".
Genie (EP)
Genie (소원을 말해봐 (Genie); Sowoneul Malhaebwa (Genie); lit. Tell Me Your Wish (Genie)) is the second extended play by South Korean girl group Girls' Generation. The EP was released on June 29, 2009, by SM Entertainment. Composers Dsign Music, Yoo Young-jin, Kenzie, Hwang Seong-je and Kim Jin-hwan joined the production of the EP. Girls’ Generation started their official promotions on Music Bank, on June 26, 2009, ending their promotions on August 15.

SM Entertainment
SM Entertainment Co., Ltd. (Korean: SM엔터테인먼트) is a South Korean multinational entertainment agency established in 1995 by Lee Soo-man. It is one of South Korea's largest entertainment companies and has been responsible for fostering and popularizing the careers of many K-pop stars garnering huge global fanbases. The company operates as a record label, talent agency, music production company, event management and concert production company, and music publishing house. SM Entertainment is known for having led the worldwide K-pop phenomenon and the musical side of "Hallyu", also known as the "Korean Wave", with early overseas successes such as H.O.T., S.E.S., and BoA.

The label currently represents K-pop artists such as Kangta, TVXQ, Super Junior, Girls' Generation, Shinee, Exo, Red Velvet, NCT, Aespa, Riize, Naevis, and Hearts2Hearts.