hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ancient Jewish art
Ancient Jewish art, is art created by Jews in both the Land of Israel and in the Diaspora prior to the Middle Ages. It features symbolic or figurative motifs often influenced by biblical themes, religious symbols, and the dominant cultures of the time, including Egyptian, Hellenistic, and Roman art.

During the Second Temple Period, Jewish decorative art followed the biblical prohibition against images, avoiding figurative or symbolic depictions. Motifs from Eastern Mediterranean art were used, but without human or animal figures, reflecting Torah injunctions and a resistance to Roman influence.

In Late Antiquity, the biblical commandment avoidance of figurative or symbolic painting was gradually ignored in part due to the influence of Christianity. Symbols such as the Menorah served as both artistic as well as national symbols of Jewish identity, growing more acute after the destruction of the Temple in Jerusalem.

Hammat Tiberias
Hammath Tiberias or Hammat Tiberias (Hebrew: חמת טבריה) is an ancient archaeological site and Israeli national park, located at the southern end of Tiberias along  the road to Zemach, on the western shore of the Sea of Galilee.
WIL Research Laboratories
WIL Research Laboratories, LLC (acquired in 2016 and renamed Charles River Laboratories Ashland, LLC) was a contract research organization (CRO), privately held for 40 years, that provided product safety toxicological research, metabolism, bioanalytical, pharmacological, and formulation services to the pharmaceutical, biotechnology, chemical, agrochemical, and food products industries, as well as manufacturing support for clinical trials. WIL Research was well-known internationally in many disciplines, and considered by many industry experts to be the premier laboratory in the world for developmental and reproductive toxicology (DART).

Great Lakes Chemical Corporation
Great Lakes Chemical Corporation was a chemical research, production, sales and distribution company that produced specialty chemicals used for polymers, fire suppressants and retardants, pool and spa water purification systems and various other applications. In 2005, Great Lakes merged with Crompton Corporation to become Chemtura. In 2017, Chemtura was purchased by LANXESS.
Minuscule 124
Minuscule 124 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering of New Testament manuscripts), ε 1211 (in the Von Soden numbering of New Testament manuscripts), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, written on parchment. Using the study of comparative writings styles (palaeography), it has been assigned to the 11th century. It has marginalia and liturgical matter (see below).

Readings from the manuscript are cited in editions of the Novum Testamentum Graece, a critical edition of the Greek New Testament. It is considered to be a member of a group of minuscule manuscripts known as Family 13 (ƒ13).

Parchment
Parchment is a writing material made from specially prepared untanned skins of animals—primarily sheep, calves and goats. It has been used as a writing medium in West Asia and Europe for more than two millennia. By 400 AD many of the written works intended for preservation in these regions had been transferred from papyrus to parchment. Vellum is a type of fine-quality parchment made from the skins of young animals such as lambs and young calves.

The generic term animal membrane is sometimes used by libraries and museums that wish to avoid distinguishing between parchment and vellum.
Mohsen Subhi
Mohsen Subhi (Arabic: محسن صبحي, or Mohsen Subhi Khalil Abd al-Hamid Ataya) (October 4, 1963 – August 2, 2009) was a Palestinian composer of classical Arabic music and an arranger of modern Palestinian music and folk song.

A master oud player and percussionist, Subhi was born in Ramallah, Palestine, where he established himself as a young musician, composer, performer and teacher. He moved to Boston, Massachusetts, in 1997 and continued living and working in Palestine, the United States (Boston and San Francisco) and Jordan.

Mohsen composed, arranged, (re)interpreted and performed music for television, plays, films and live audiences. After receiving a grant to record his second classical Arabic music (instrumental) CD, Subhi (also known as Abu Kinaan) died as a result of an accident on August 2, 2009, in Ramallah. He was buried in Al-Bireh.

Arabic music
Arabic music (Arabic: الموسيقى العربية, romanized: al-mūsīqā l-ʿarabiyyah) is the music of the Arab world with all its diverse music styles and genres. Arabic countries have many rich and varied styles of music and also many linguistic dialects, with each country and region having their own traditional music.

Arabic music has a long history of interaction with many other regional musical styles and genres. It represents the music of all the peoples that make up the Arab world today.
Shams C. Inati
Shams C. Inati is a professor in the Department of Theology and Religious Studies, the Center for Arab and Islamic Studies, and the Department of Philosophy at Villanova University. She has authored many works and has translated numerous Arabic philosophical texts, with an emphasis on Ibn Sina and other medieval Islamic thinkers. Much of her work focuses on the problem of evil, metaphysics, and historical dilemmas in the Middle East. The Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies praised her "scholarly, well researched and well analysed commentary" on Ibn Sina. Her work has also been cited or reviewed in the Middle East Journal, The Journal of Religion, the American Catholic Philosophical Quarterly, and the Journal of Semitic Studies.

Journal of Semitic Studies
Asia portal

The Journal of Semitic Studies is a biannual peer-reviewed academic journal that was established in 1955. It covers research of the modern as well as the ancient Near East, with a special focus on Semitic languages and the corresponding literatures. The editorial committee currently consists of P. S. Alexander, G.J. Brooke, R. Buckley, D. C. Eades, J. F. Healey, P. C. Sadgrove, and R. Smithuis.
2008 Massachusetts train collision
On May 28, 2008, shortly before 6 p.m., two westbound MBTA trains collided on the Green Line D branch between Woodland and Waban stations, behind 56 Dorset Road in Newton, Massachusetts. While investigators examined reports of possible use of a cell phone by one of the train operators, the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) found that the operator of the rear train, Terrese Edmonds, had not been using her cell phone at the time of the crash, but rather went into an episode of micro-sleep, causing her to lose awareness of her surroundings and miss potential hazards up ahead. The collision killed Edmonds, and numerous others were injured. Fourteen passengers were taken to area hospitals; one was airlifted.

Train driver
A train driver is a person who operates a train, railcar, or other rail transport vehicle. The driver is in charge of and is responsible for the mechanical operation of the train, train speed, and all of the train handling (also known as brake handling). Train drivers must follow certain guidelines for driving a train safely.
Osumenyi
Osumenyi Listenⓘ is a town in Nnewi South Local government Area of Anambra State, Nigeria. It is in the South Eastern Nigeria and is made up of Igbo speaking people. Osumenyi has a hard working and well to do population who have businesses across Nigeria. The town is surrounded by greenery and farms with homes of nuclear families. The Igbo people living around here live in families close to each other and are mainly Christian oriented.

www.osumenyinews.com is Osumenyi's 'unofficial' news website. It is dedicated to reporting news on the positive developments and events within and around the town.

Points of the compass
The points of the compass are a set of horizontal, radially arrayed compass directions (or azimuths) used in navigation and cartography. A compass rose is primarily composed of four cardinal directions—north, east, south, and west—each separated by 90 degrees, and secondarily divided by four ordinal (intercardinal) directions—northeast, southeast, southwest, and northwest—each located halfway between two cardinal directions. Some disciplines such as meteorology and navigation further divide the compass with additional azimuths. Within European tradition, a fully defined compass has 32 "points" (and any finer subdivisions are described in fractions of points).

Compass points or compass directions are valuable in that they allow a user to refer to a specific azimuth in a colloquial fashion, without having to compute or remember degrees.
Josh Thiel
Josh Thiel (born 2 June 1997) is a Canadian professional rugby union player for the San Diego Legion of Major League Rugby (MLR) and for the BC Bears in the Canadian Rugby Championship. Josh won his first cap for Canada in the 2018 Americas Rugby Championship vs Chile and has played for the Canada Sevens. Josh is the son of former professional player and Canadian international Jon Thiel and Canadian international Jen Ross

Canadian Rugby Championship
The Canadian Rugby Championship (CRC) (French: Championnat provincial du Canada de rugby à XV) was a Canadian amateur rugby union competition, partially funded by the World Rugby. It was the highest level of men's domestic rugby in Canada. Four representative teams from regions across Canada competed for the MacTier Cup. The CRC was started in 2009 by Rugby Canada and was held annually from August to September. Rugby Canada also held CRC tournaments for under-19 men, under-20 women, and senior women.
Susan E. Evans
Susan Elizabeth Evans is a British palaeontologist and herpetologist.  She is the author or co-author of over 200 peer-reviewed papers and book chapters.

She received a BSc in Zoology at Bedford College in 1974, and in 1977 a PhD in vertebrate palaeontology from the University College London. In 1980 she was Assistant Professor in biology at the University College of Bahrain and went continued as a lecturer in Anatomy at Middlesex Hospital Medical School. She was also Senior Lecturer with the Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology at the University College, London In 2003, she became a Professor of Vertebrate Morphology and Palaeontology at University College London.

Bedford College, London
Bedford College was founded in London in 1849 as the first higher education college for women in the United Kingdom. In 1900, it became a constituent of the University of London. Having played a leading role in the advancement of women in higher education and public life in general, it became fully coeducational (i.e. open to men) in the 1960s. In 1985, Bedford College merged with Royal Holloway College, another constituent of the University of London, to form Royal Holloway and Bedford New College. This remains the official name, but it is commonly called Royal Holloway, University of London (RHUL).
Too Much Rain
"Too Much Rain" is a song by Paul McCartney and is the seventh track on his 2005 album Chaos and Creation in the Backyard. The song was recorded at George Martin's AIR Studios in central London with producer Nigel Godrich. It was inspired by the theme to the 1936 film Modern Times, written by Charlie Chaplin and commonly known as "Smile" (lyrics were added to Smile in 1954 by John Turner and Geoffrey Parsons).

The lyrics of "Too Much Rain" concern hope in the face of adversity ("Laugh when your eyes are burning/Smile when your heart is filled with pain..."). In addition to "Smile," McCartney has said the song was also inspired by his second wife, Heather Mills, who had "a lot of tough times in her life."

Chaos and Creation in the Backyard
Chaos and Creation in the Backyard is the thirteenth solo studio album by Paul McCartney, released on 12 and 13 September 2005. Some 18 months in the making, the album was produced by Radiohead and Beck collaborator Nigel Godrich at George Martin's suggestion.

McCartney plays almost all of the instruments, similar to his 1970 album McCartney, the 1980 McCartney II album and the 2020 McCartney III album. In addition, Chaos and Creation in the Backyard marks the first time since 1984's Give My Regards to Broad Street that McCartney was not credited as producer or co-producer of one of his studio albums.

Chaos and Creation in the Backyard was McCartney's last rock album release for longtime label EMI. He signed a deal with Hear Music, owned by Starbucks, in March 2007. He later returned to his old label Capitol Records in 2016.
Dinajpur Medical College
Dinajpur Medical College (Bengali: দিনাজপুর মেডিকেল কলেজ) or shortly DjMC is a public medical school in Bangladesh, established in 1992. It is located in the Dinajpur District of Rangpur Division. It is affiliated with Rajshahi Medical University. On October 30, 2024, the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare changed the name of the medical college to "Dinajpur Medical College".

Rangpur Division
Rangpur Division (/rʌŋˈpʊər/; Bengali: রংপুর বিভাগ, romanized: Rongpur Bivag;
pronounced [rɔŋpuɾ bibʱag] ⓘ) is a first-level administrative division of Bangladesh. It covers the northernmost part of the country with a population of about 18 million inhabitants within an area of 16,184.99 km2 (6,249.06 sq mi). Rangpur Division shares borders with the Rajshahi and Mymensingh divisions. It is also bordered by the Indian states of West Bengal, Assam and Meghalaya and separated from Bhutan and Nepal by the Siliguri Corridor, and from China by the Indian state of Sikkim. Rangpur City is the administrative headquarter and the largest city. Rangpur Division includes the Teesta and Jamuna rivers.

The Rangpur division consists of eight districts. There are 58 upazilas or subdistricts under these eight districts. The major cities of Rangpur Division are Rangpur, Dinajpur, and Saidpur.
A Very Special Love (film series)
A Very Special Love is a 2008 Filipino romantic comedy film trilogy produced by Star Cinema and Viva Films.  With A Very Special Love as the first film in the series, it became a huge box office success, leading the producers to create the final two installments You Changed My Life (2009) and It Takes a Man and a Woman (2013). John Lloyd Cruz and Sarah Geronimo starred in the trilogy while Cathy Garcia Molina directed all three films; A Very Special Love was dubbed the most successful Filipino romantic film series of all time.

Star Cinema
ABS-CBN Film Productions, Inc., doing business as Star Cinema, is a Filipino film studio based in Quezon City. Star Cinema is owned by the Filipino media and entertainment conglomerate ABS-CBN Corporation and was incorporated on May 8, 1993, as Star Cinema Productions, Inc. with the help of Lily Monteverde and Regal Films. Since its inception, Star Cinema has produced some of the highest-grossing Filipino films of all time. Star Cinema has also been involved in the production of some TV series shown on ABS-CBN television network with Pangako Sa 'Yo in 2000 as its initial production.
Viktor Nikitenko
Viktor Ivanovich Nikitenko (Russian: Виктор Иванович Никитенко; born July 3, 1947) is a Russian professional football coach and a former player.

Nikitenko had multiple spells as caretaker manager of Russian First Division sides FC Lokomotiv St. Petersburg and FC Baltika Kaliningrad.

FC Lokomotiv Saint Petersburg
FC Lokomotiv Saint Petersburg (Russian: ФК «Локомотив» Санкт‑Петербург) was a Russian football team from Saint Petersburg. It played professionally in 1969 and from 1992 to 2000, including 5 seasons (1996 to 2000) in the second-highest Russian First Division. In 1996 the team merged with FC Saturn-1991 Saint Petersburg and played for one season as FC Lokomotiv-Saturn Saint Petersburg.
Rogo
RogoListenⓘ is a Local Government Area in Kano State, Nigeria. Its headquarter is in the town of Rogo.

It has an area of 802 km2 and a population of 227,742 (2006 census) and it is bordering Karaye and Kiru Local Governments from East, Makarfi Local Government in Kaduna State from the South, Danja and Kafur Local Governments in Katsina State from the West and the North respectively. Rogo Local Government has 10 political Wards, Which Includes:

Beli,

Falgore,

Fulatan,

Gwangwan,

Jajaye,

Rogo-Ruma,

Rogo-Sabon-Gari,

Ruwan Bago,

Zarewa and

Zoza Ward.

The postal code of the area is 704.

Rogo Local Government Area was created from the Karaye Local Government Area by late General Sani Abacha's regime, on 4th day of December 1996. Hausa and Fulani ethnic groups made up the population of the area. The predominant Religion in the Local Government Area is Islam, and the Hausa language is the spoken language.

Postal code
A postal code (also known locally in various English-speaking countries throughout the world as a postcode, post code, PIN or ZIP Code) is a series of letters or digits or both, sometimes including spaces or punctuation, included in a postal address for the purpose of sorting mail.

As of August 2021, the Universal Postal Union lists 160 countries which require the use of a postal code.

Although postal codes are usually assigned to geographical areas, special codes are sometimes assigned to individual addresses or to institutions that receive large volumes of mail, such as government agencies and large commercial companies. One example is the French CEDEX system.
Glynnis Breytenbach
Glynnis Breytenbach (born 9 August 1960, /ˈbreɪtɛn ˈbʌx/) is a former prosecutor for the National Prosecuting Authority (NPA) of South Africa and is a Member of Parliament for the Democratic Alliance (DA). She was Shadow Minister of Justice when the DA was the official opposition to the ANC. In this capacity, she has called for an end to ongoing political interference that has compromised the integrity of the NPA. Her protracted dispute with the NPA over her suspension in 2012 from its Specialised Commercial Crime Unit was covered extensively in the media. In 2017, she published a memoir, Rule of Law, and in 2018 was shortlisted for the National Director of Public Prosecutions post at the NPA, but later withdrew her candidacy.

Department of Justice and Constitutional Development
The Department of Justice and Constitutional Development is the justice department of the South African government. The department provides administrative and financial support to the court system and the judiciary (which are constitutionally independent of the executive), oversees the National Prosecuting Authority, provides legal advice and representation to organs of state, and facilitates law reform.

The political head of the department is the Minister of Justice and Correctional Services, who is supported by a Deputy Minister of Justice. As of July 2023 the minister is Thembi Nkadimeng and the deputy minister is Andries Nel.
William B. Briggs
William B. Briggs (born 1954) of Manhattan and Ithaca, New York, is an American subject-matter expert in sports and entertainment law.  He is vice president for arbitration and litigation for the National Football League (NFL), an adjunct professor of law at Cornell University Law School, and the Thomas A. O’ Boyle Lecturer in Law at the University of Pennsylvania School of Law. He received his Bachelor of Science at Cornell University in 1976, his Master of Arts at George Washington University in 1978, and his Juris Doctor at Georgetown University Law Center in 1982.

Cornell Law School
Cornell Law School is the law school of Cornell University, a private, Ivy League university in Ithaca, New York.

One of the five Ivy League law schools, Cornell Law School offers four degree programs (JD, LLM, MSLS and JSD) along with several dual-degree programs in conjunction with other professional schools at the university. It was established in 1887 as Cornell University's Department of Law. Currently, the school graduates around 200 students each year.

Cornell Law School is home to the Legal Information Institute (LII), the Journal of Empirical Legal Studies, the Cornell Law Review, the Cornell Journal of Law and Public Policy, and the Cornell International Law Journal.
Electoral district of Buninyong
The electoral district of Buninyong was an electoral district of the Victorian Legislative Assembly in Australia. It was created in the redistribution of electoral boundaries in 2013, and came into effect at the 2014 state election.

It largely covered the area of the abolished district of Ballarat East, covering south and southeast suburbs of Ballarat as well as the rural areas to the south and east of the city. It included the suburbs of Eureka, Canadian, Sebastopol, Mount Clear, Buninyong and Golden Point. It also included the rural towns between Linton, Corindhap, Lethbridge, Ballan and Bungaree.

Buninyong was first contested at the 2014 election, and was won by the incumbent Labor MP for abolished Ballarat East, Geoff Howard.

The seat was abolished by the Electoral Boundaries Commission ahead of the 2022 election and largely replaced by the electoral district of Eureka.

Bungaree, Victoria
Bungaree is a town in Victoria, Australia. It is 103 kilometres (64 mi) west of the state capital, Melbourne and 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) east of the regional centre of Ballarat, in the Shire of Moorabool local government area. The Western Highway once ran through the town, but it has been replaced by a freeway which bypasses the town to the north. At the 2021 census, Bungaree and the surrounding area had a population of 302.

Bungaree post office was opened on 1 August 1863. The town is home to the Bungaree Demons, who play in the Central Highlands Football Netball League.

The Quinlan, Frawley and Steenhuis families are prominent in Bungaree, in particular, the prominent former AFL player Danny Frawley.
Stora Barnhuset
Stora Barnhuset (literally: "Great Children's Home"), from 1785 known as Allmänna Barnhuset ("Public Children's Home"),  was Sweden's largest orphanage, founded 1633 in Stockholm and active until 1922. The charitable foundation of the orphanage still exists, now supporting research associated with children's care.

Foundation (nonprofit)
A foundation (also referred to as a charitable foundation) is a type of nonprofit organization or charitable trust that usually provides funding and support to other charitable organizations through grants, while also potentially participating directly in charitable activities. Foundations encompass public charitable foundations, like community foundations, and private foundations, which are often endowed by an individual or family. Nevertheless, the term "foundation" might also be adopted by organizations not primarily engaged in public grantmaking.
Sotatercept
Sotatercept, sold under the brand name Winrevair, is a medication used to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension. It inhibits activin signaling using the extracellular domain of the activin type 2 receptor fused with an immunoglobulin Fc domain (ACTRIIA-Fc) as a recombinant fusion protein. It is administered via subcutaneous injection.

The most common side effects include headache, epistaxis (nosebleed), rash, telangiectasia (spider veins), diarrhea, dizziness, and erythema (redness of the skin).

Sotatercept was approved for medical use in the United States in March 2024, and in the European Union in August 2024. The US Food and Drug Administration considers it to be a first-in-class medication.

First-in-class medication
A first-in-class medication is a prototype drug that uses a "new and unique mechanism of action" to treat a particular medical condition. While the Food and Drug Administration's Center for Drug Evaluation and Research tracks first-in-class medications and reports on them annually, first-in-class is not considered a regulatory category. Although many first-in-class medications qualify as breakthrough therapies, Regenerative Medicine Advanced Therapies and/or orphan drugs, first-in-class status itself has no regulatory effect.