hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Investigatory Powers Act 2016
The Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (c. 25) (nicknamed the Snoopers' Charter) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom which received royal assent on 29 November 2016. Its different parts came into force on various dates from 30 December 2016. The Act comprehensively sets out and in limited respects expands the electronic surveillance powers of the British intelligence agencies and police. It also claims to improve the safeguards on the exercise of those powers.

The Act was amended by the Investigatory Powers (Amendment) Act 2024, following a review by Lord Anderson of Ipswich, the person who originally proposed the Act.

Adrian Fulford
Sir Adrian Bruce Fulford PC (born 8 January 1953) is a retired Lord Justice of Appeal. From 2017 to 2019, he was the first Investigatory Powers Commissioner, and was the Vice-President of the Court of Appeal (Criminal Division) in 2019, succeeding Lady Justice Hallett.

Previously, he was a judge of the International Criminal Court in The Hague from 2003–12, the Senior Presiding Judge for England and Wales from January 2016 to March 2017, and former member of the National Council for Civil Liberties (NCCL).
International reserves of Russia
The international reserves of Russia are liquid assets held by the Central Bank of Russia or other monetary authorities in order to implement monetary policies relating to the country's currency exchange rate and ensuring the payment of its imports. The assets include foreign currency and foreign denominated bonds, gold reserves, SDRs (special drawing rights) and the IMF reserve position.

Central Bank of Russia
The Central Bank of the Russian Federation (Russian: Центральный банк Российской Федерации), commonly known as the Bank of Russia (Russian: Банк России), also called the Central Bank of Russia (CBR), is the central bank of the Russian Federation. The bank was established on 13 July 1990. It traces its beginnings to the State Bank of the Russian Empire established in 1860.

The bank is headquartered on Neglinnaya Street in Moscow. Its functions are described in the Constitution of Russia (Article 75), as well as in federal law.
Miss World 1998
Miss World 1998, the 48th edition of the Miss World pageant, was held on 26 November 1998 at the Lake Berjaya Mahé Resort in Mahé Island, Seychelles. 86 delegates from around the world competed for the crown. Ronan Keating, then lead singer of Boyzone, and MTV's Eden Harel hosted the event. This year's winner, Israel's Linor Abargil, revealed days after the competition that she had been raped several weeks before the pageant. She was crowned by Miss World 1997, Diana Hayden of India.

Miss Universe 1999
Miss Universe 1999 was the 48th Miss Universe pageant, held at the Chaguaramas Convention Centre in Chaguaramas, Trinidad and Tobago, on 26 May 1999.

Mpule Kwelagobe of Botswana was crowned by Wendy Fitzwilliam of Trinidad and Tobago at the conclusion of the event.

This edition marks the most recent time that a first-time entry of a country at Miss Universe has won and the third time in pageant's history, after Colombia in 1958 and Finland in 1952. This edition also saw a back-to-back victory by black women. Eighty-four contestants competed in this year.
Mesalina brevirostris
Mesalina brevirostris, also known as Blanford's short-nosed desert lizard, is a species of sand-dwelling lizard in the family Lacertidae. It occurs in Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Iran, and United Arab Emirates.

Lacertidae
The Lacertidae are the family of the wall lizards, true lizards, or sometimes simply lacertas, which are native to Afro-Eurasia. It is a diverse family with at about 360 species in 39 genera. They represent the dominant group of reptiles found in Europe.
Mendirman Jaloliddin
Mendirman Jaloliddin (pronounced [mendiɾmæn dʒælɒliddin], lit. 'I am Jaloliddin', Uzbek Cyrillic: Мендирман Жалолиддин, romanized: Mendirman Zhaloliddin; Turkish: Bozkır Arslanı Celaleddin,) is an Uzbek-Turkish television series produced by Mehmet Bozdağ in collaboration with the Uzbek Ministry of Culture and Sports. The series is based on the life of Jalal al-Din Mangburni, the last ruler of the Khwarazmian Empire, and features Turkish actor Emre Kıvılcım portraying the titular character.

Uzbek alphabet
The Uzbek language has been written in various scripts: Latin, Cyrillic and Arabic. The language traditionally used Arabic script, but the official Uzbek government under the Soviet Union started to use Cyrillic in 1940, which is when widespread literacy campaigns were initiated by the Soviet government across the Union. In 1992, Latin script was officially reintroduced in Uzbekistan along with Cyrillic. In the Xinjiang region of China, some Uzbek speakers write using Cyrillic, others with an alphabet based on the Uyghur Arabic alphabet. Uzbeks of Afghanistan also write the language using Arabic script, and the Arabic Uzbek alphabet is taught at some schools.
2025 Western Australian Liberal Party leadership election
The 2025 Western Australian Liberal Party leadership election was held on 25 March 2025 to elect the leader of the Western Australian Liberal Party, following the resignation of Libby Mettam.

After the Liberal Party's loss to Labor at the state election on 8 March 2025, Mettam announced that she would resign as leader, saying she said she did not have enough support from other Liberal MPs to remain in the position.

Basil Zempilas, who was elected as the member for Churchlands at the 2025 state election, announced on 20 March 2025 that he would contest the leadership. Mettam contested the position of deputy leader, which had been held by Steve Martin since February 2024. Both Zempilas and Mettam were elected unopposed to their respective positions.

Uncontested election
An uncontested election is an election in which the winning candidate did not face a serious challenger. This often entails the number of candidates being the same as or fewer than the number of places available for election, meaning that all candidates are guaranteed to be elected unless there are provisions provided for this. For example, in some election systems, absence of opposing candidates may not guarantee victory; possible factors are a quorum or minimum voter turnout; a none of the above option; or the availability of write-in candidates on the ballot. In some uncontested elections, the normal process of voters casting ballots and election official counting votes is cancelled as superfluous and costly; in other cases the election proceeds as a formality.

In liberal democracies, uncontested elections are a cause for concern because many understandings of democracy, such as that of Robert Dahl, rely on the idea of voters choosing among alternatives.
2021 NCAA Men's Water Polo Championship
The 2021 NCAA Men's Water Polo Championship occurred from December 4–5, 2021 in Los Angeles, California at the Spieker Aquatics Center. This was the 53rd NCAA Men's Water Polo Championship. Seven teams participated in this championship. Opening round game-one was played at Princeton University. The UCLA Bruins were the defending national champions and the 2021 Mountain Pacific Sports Federation (MPSF) champions. The rankings before the tournament: No. 1 University of California, No. 2 University of Southern California, No. 3 University of California Los Angeles, No. 4 Stanford University, No. 5 Long Beach State University.

UCLA Bruins
The UCLA Bruins are the athletic teams that represent the University of California, Los Angeles. The Bruin men's and women's teams participate in NCAA Division I as part of the Big Ten Conference and the Mountain Pacific Sports Federation (MPSF). For football, they are in the Football Bowl Subdivision of Division I (formerly Division I-A). UCLA is second to only Stanford University as the school with the most NCAA team championships at 125 NCAA team championships. UCLA offers 11 varsity sports programs for men and 14 for women.
Echols, Kentucky
Echols is an unincorporated community and coal town located in Ohio County, Kentucky, United States. It was also known as Pink Hall.

The town extends north from Paradise, and also north from the Peabody Wildlife Management which used to be coal mines.

Echols was established as a coal town in 1874 and named for the mine owner.

Paradise, Kentucky
Paradise is a ghost town in Muhlenberg County, Kentucky, United States. It was located 10.5 miles (16.9 km) east-northeast of Greenville. Paradise was originally founded as Stom's Landing (sometimes incorrectly spelled Stum), in reference to its then-status as a trading post along the Green River, a tributary of the Ohio River.

The town and its surrounding area were subject to heavy strip mining throughout the twentieth century and it later became the site of the Paradise Fossil Plant. Local residents were bought out in 1967 by the plant's operator, the Tennessee Valley Authority, and the town subsequently demolished, citing health concerns and plans for expansion.
The Power Out
The Power Out is the second album by English rock group Electrelane. It was released on compact disc and vinyl in 2004 by Too Pure. It was recorded in Chicago, Illinois in early 2003 by Steve Albini. The album's lead single, "On Parade" was a hit on college radio. The album did not receive mainstream commercial success, despite receiving mostly positive critical reviews.

Siegfried Sassoon
Siegfried Loraine Sassoon CBE MC (8 September 1886 – 1 September 1967) was an English war poet, writer, and soldier. Decorated for bravery on the Western Front, he became one of the leading poets of the First World War. His poetry both described the horrors of the trenches and satirized the patriotic pretensions of those who, in Sassoon's view, were responsible for a jingoism-fuelled war. Sassoon became a focal point for dissent within the armed forces when he made a lone protest against the continuation of the war with his "Soldier's Declaration" of July 1917, which resulted in his being sent to the Craiglockhart War Hospital. During this period, Sassoon met and formed a friendship with Wilfred Owen, who was greatly influenced by him. Sassoon later won acclaim for his prose work, notably his three-volume, fictionalised autobiography, collectively known as the Sherston trilogy.
N.F.-Board
The N.F.-Board (New Football Federations-Board; NFB) is a federation for football associations established on 12 December 2003. The NFB is made up of teams that represent nations, dependencies, unrecognized states, minorities, stateless peoples, regions and micronations not affiliated to FIFA.

One of the founders was Luc Misson, a lawyer who represented Belgian footballer Jean-Marc Bosman in a case that led to the Bosman ruling.

Sápmi football team
The Sápmi football team is a football team representing the Sámi people, who inhabit northern parts of Norway, Sweden, Finland and Russia. The team is not a member of UEFA or FIFA and therefore does not participate in their competitions, although it is a member of the ConIFA. The organizing body is FA Sápmi.
Mirandola Town Hall
The Mirandola Town Hall (Italian: Palazzo Comunale di Mirandola; in the local dialect: al palàzz cumunàl ad La Miràndla or simply al Cumùn or al Munizìpi) is a historic public building located in the city center of Mirandola, in the province of Modena, Italy.

Seat of the city government until May 2012, the building is dramatically located at the end of Costituente square and is one of the most recognizable icon of the city of Mirandola, along with the castle of the Pico.

Province of Modena
The province of Modena (Italian: provincia di Modena) is a province in the Emilia-Romagna region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Modena.
It has an area of 2,689 square kilometres (1,038 sq mi) and a total population of about 701,000 (2015). There are 48 comuni (sg.: comune) in the province (see list of comuni of the province of Modena). The largest after Modena are Carpi, Sassuolo, Formigine and Castelfranco Emilia.
Geringian
The Geringian North American Stage on the geologic timescale is the North American  faunal stage according to the North American Land Mammal Ages chronology (NALMA), typically set from 30,800,000 to 26,300,000 years BP, a period of  4.5 million years. It is usually considered to fall within the Oligocene epoch. The Geringian is preceded by the Whitneyan and followed by the Monroecreekian NALMA stages.

The Geringian overlaps with the Rupelian and Chattian ages.

Before Present
Before Present (BP) or "years before present (YBP)" is a time scale used mainly in archaeology, geology, and other scientific disciplines to specify when events occurred relative to the origin of practical radiocarbon dating in the 1950s. Because the "present" time changes, standard practice is to use 1 January 1950 as the commencement date (epoch) of the age scale, with 1950 being labelled as the "standard year". The abbreviation "BP" has been interpreted retrospectively as "Before Physics", which refers to the time before nuclear weapons testing artificially altered the proportion of the carbon isotopes in the atmosphere, which scientists must account for when using radiocarbon dating for dates of origin that may fall after this year.

In a convention that is not always observed, many sources restrict the use of BP dates to those produced with radiocarbon dating; the alternative notation "RCYBP" stands for the explicit "radio carbon years before present".
Hossenfelder
Hossenfelder is a German surname.

Notable people with this surname include:

Albert Hossenfelder (died 1947), first and only commander of German submarine U-342, who went down with the ship

Erich Hossenfelder (1875–1935), German diplomat

Joachim Hossenfelder (1899–1976), German theologian, Bishop of Brandenburg, prominent Nazi campaigner

Malte Hossenfelder (1935–2011), German philosopher

Sabine Hossenfelder (born 1976), German physicist

Sabine Hossenfelder
Sabine Karin Doris Hossenfelder is a German theoretical physicist, science communicator, writer and YouTuber. After working as an academic physicist for two decades, Hossenfelder rose to prominence on YouTube in the early 2020s, gaining over 1.7 million subscribers by 2025. Hossenfelder is known for her controversial criticism of modern physics research.
WNCT-FM
WNCT-FM (107.9 FM) is a commercial radio station broadcasting a classic hits format, concentrating on the 1980s. Licensed to Greenville, North Carolina, the station serves the Greenville-New Bern-Jacksonville and Rocky Mount areas of Eastern North Carolina.  It is owned by Henry W. Hinton, Jr., through licensee Inner Banks Media, with studios on West Arlington Boulevard in Greenville.

WNCT-FM has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 100,000 watts, the maximum for most FM stations.  The transmitter is on a tower shared with WITN-TV off North Carolina Highway 118 in Grifton.

Roy H. Park
Roy Hampton Park (15 September 1910 – 25 October 1993) was an American entrepreneur and media mogul. He is known for creating the Duncan Hines brand of packaged food products, and for his television/radio/newspaper conglomerate, Park Communications. He created the Park Foundation, which has funded many programs in his name at Ithaca College, Cornell University, and North Carolina State University.
St. Ignatius Church, George Town
St. Ignatius Church is a religious building affiliated with the Catholic Church. It is on Walkers Road in the city of George Town on Grand Cayman Island in the British overseas territory of the Cayman Islands in the Caribbean Sea.

The temple follows the Roman or Latin rite and is under the jurisdiction of the mission sui iuris of the Cayman Islands (Missio sui iuris insularum Caimanensium) that was created in 2000 under the pontificate of Pope John Paul II.

The church in Shedden Road was completed in 1959. In 1971 the School of St. Ignatius linked to the temple was created. In 1981 the building in Walkers Road was started, which it would be completed the following year.

Stella Maris Church, Cayman Brac, is the one other Roman Catholic church in this parish and in the Cayman Islands as a whole, and was created with the move of a priest from this church.

George Town, Cayman Islands
George Town is the capital and largest city in the Cayman Islands, located on Grand Cayman. It was named after King George III. As of 2022, the city had a population of 40,957, making it the largest city (by population) of all the British Overseas Territories.

The Caymanian government offices are located in the city. According to the Globalization and World Cities Research Network in 2020, George Town is classed as a Beta city.
2023 NSW Open – Men's doubles
Blake Ellis and Tristan Schoolkate were the defending champions but only Ellis chose to defend his title, partnering Colin Sinclair. Ellis lost in the quarterfinals to Matthew Romios and Dane Sweeny.

Ryan Seggerman and Patrik Trhac won the title after defeating Ruben Gonzales and Nam Ji-sung 6–4, 6–4 in the final.

Dane Sweeny
Dane Sweeny (born 12 February 2001) is an Australian professional tennis player. He has a career-high ATP singles ranking of No. 133 achieved on 23 February 2026 and a best doubles ranking of No. 160 reached on 14 November 2022.
Diary Queen
"Diary Queen" is the twelfth episode of the thirty-second season of the American animated television series The Simpsons and the 696th episode overall.  It aired in the United States on Fox on February 21, 2021. The episode was directed by Matthew Nastuk and written by Jeff Westbrook.

In this episode, Bart finds his former teacher's diary and believes that she thought he was her most improved student. The episode received positive reviews.

The Simpsons season 32
The thirty-second season of the American animated sitcom The Simpsons aired on Fox between September 27, 2020, and May 23, 2021. On February 6, 2019, the season was ordered along with the previous season. It was produced by Gracie Films and 20th Television. This season contained twenty-two episodes. It includes the series' 700th episode "Manger Things". In March 2021, the series was renewed for a thirty-third and thirty-fourth season.

Animator Nik Ranieri won an Emmy Award for his work in "Wad Goals", and the episode "The Dad-Feelings Limited" was nominated for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Animated Program. Three writers were nominated for Writers Guild of America Awards.
Fruzsina Medgyesi
Fruzsina Medgyesi (born 18 June 1999) is a Hungarian figure skater. She is the 2016 Skate Helena champion, the 2018 Hungarian national champion, and a two-time Hungarian national silver medalist.

On the junior level, she is the 2016 Youth Olympics team event bronze medalist, and the 2015 Santa Claus Cup champion.

Santa Claus Cup
The Santa Claus Cup is an annual international figure skating competition which is generally held in late November or early December in Budapest, Hungary. It is organized by the Hungarian National Skating Federation. Medals may be awarded in men's singles, women’s singles, and ice dance at the senior, junior, and novice levels.
Château d'Oiron
The Château d'Oiron is located in Oiron, in the Deux-Sèvres département of western France. It has its origins in the 15th century war with the English for control of France when a victorious Charles VII of France gave the domain and great forest of Oiron to Guillaume Gouffier who became governor of Touraine. This château is the background for Charles Perrault's fairy tale, Puss in Boots. King Louis XIV's mistress, Madame de Montespan was one of the residents in the place.

Touraine
Touraine (US: /tuˈreɪn, tuˈrɛn/; French: [tuʁɛn] ⓘ) is one of the traditional provinces of France. Its capital was Tours. During the political reorganization of French territory in 1790, Touraine formed the bulk of the Indre-et-Loire department as well as parts of the new departments of Loir-et-Cher, Indre and Vienne.
Baseball cap
A baseball cap is a type of soft hat with a rounded crown and a stiff bill projecting in front.

The front of the hat typically displays a design or a logo (historically, usually only a sports team, namely a baseball team, or names of relevant companies, when used as a commercial marketing technique). The hat may be "fitted" to the wearer's head or the back may have elastic, a plastic prong-in-a-hole (multiple holes with one prong that can be inserted), Velcro, a zipper, or a tri-glide slide so that it can be quickly adjusted to fit different wearers' heads. The baseball hat is a part of the traditional baseball uniform worn by players, with the brim pointing forward to shield the eyes from the sun. Since the 1980s, varieties of the hat have become prevalent in the United States and many other nations, both for utilitarian (protecting the eyes from the sun) and fashion accessory purposes.

Velcro
Hook-and-loop fasteners, commonly known as Velcro (a trademarked term that the manufacturer renders in all-capital letters as VELCRO), hook-and-pile fasteners or touch fasteners are versatile fastening devices that allow two surfaces to be repeatedly attached and detached with ease. Invented in the mid-20th century, they are widely used in clothing, accessories, and various industrial and consumer applications. The fastener consists of two complementary components: one with tiny hooks and the other with soft loops. When pressed together, the hooks catch the loops, creating a secure but temporary bond. The fasteners can be separated by peeling or pulling the surfaces apart, often producing a distinctive ripping sound.
Solomon Wilcots
Solomon Wilcots (born October 9, 1964) is an American former professional football player who is a national television analyst and broadcaster as well as a head coach in Your Call Football. Wilcots played six seasons as a free safety in the National Football League (NFL) for the Cincinnati Bengals, Minnesota Vikings and Pittsburgh Steelers. He played college football for the Colorado Buffaloes.

Colorado Buffaloes football
The Colorado Buffaloes football program represents the University of Colorado Boulder in college football at the NCAA Division I FBS level, and is a member of the Big 12 Conference.

The team was a charter member of the Big 12 before leaving to join the Pac-12 Conference after the 2010 season. After 13 seasons in the Pac-12, the team returned to the Big 12 in 2024. Before joining the Big 12, they were members of the Big Eight Conference.

The team has played at Folsom Field in Boulder, Colorado since 1924. Their all-time record is 735–556–36 (.577 winning percentage) as of the 2025 season. Colorado won the 1990 National Championship that was shared by Georgia Tech. The team is 27th on the all-time win list and 40th in all-time winning percentage, along with two Heisman Trophy winners, Rashaan Salaam in 1994 and Travis Hunter in 2024.
Frank Mantooth
Frank Mantooth (April 11, 1947 in Tulsa, Oklahoma – January 30, 2004 in Garden City, Kansas) was an American jazz pianist and arranger.

Mantooth attended University of North Texas College of Music, graduating in 1969, then played in and arranged for the Air Force Academy Falconaires from 1969 to 1973. He spent the rest of the 1970s living in Austria, where he published arrangements for big bands and small ensembles.

After his return to the U.S. in 1980, Mantooth worked as a pedagogue, arranger, and publisher in addition to performing. He taught at DePaul University and recorded with Phil Wilson, Ashley Alexander, and Kirsten Gustafson. He wrote music for Louie Bellson, Art Farmer, and Carla Helmbrecht. In 2004 he died from a heart attack at the age of 56 at his home in Garden City, Kansas.

Phil Wilson (trombonist)
Phillips Elder Wilson, Jr. (born January 19, 1937) is a jazz trombonist, arranger, and teacher. He has taught at the Berklee College of Music and the New England Conservatory of Music. He attended Phillips Exeter Academy and New England Conservatory.