hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ludwig Beckmann
Ludwig "Lutz" Beckmann (26 October 1895 – 20 January 1965) was a German Luftstreitkräfte ace during World War I and a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross during World War II. Ludwig Beckmann claimed eight aerial victories during World War I all on the Western Front.

Beckmann joined Jagdstaffel 6 in December 1917. On 21 February 1918, he transferred to Jagdstaffel 48. He transferred once again, to Jagdstaffel 56, on 11 March 1918. Two days later, he scored his first aerial victory. He would score eight confirmed victories before war's end.

Beckmann commanded a special transport unit, IV/TG1, during World War II. He flew over 200 air bridge sorties into besieged Demjansk, Russia with this unit. He also commanded a Junkers Ju 52 unit, KGr zbV 500.

Luftstreitkräfte
The Deutsche Luftstreitkräfte (German: [ˈdɔʏtʃə ˈlʊftˌʃtʁaɪtkʁɛftə], German Air Combat Forces) – known before October 1916 as Die Fliegertruppen des deutschen Kaiserreiches (The Imperial German Air Service, lit. "The flying troops of the German Imperial Realm") – was the air arm of the Imperial German Army. In English-language sources it is usually referred to as the Imperial German Air Service, although that is not a literal translation of either name. German naval aviators of the Marine-Fliegerabteilung were an integral part of the Imperial German Navy (Kaiserliche Marine). Both military branches operated aeroplanes, observation balloons and airships.
Tropical Storm Rachel (1990)
Tropical Storm Rachel was the only tropical cyclone to make landfall during the 1990 Pacific hurricane season. The twenty-fourth tropical depression and eighteenth named storm, Rachel developed on September 27 from a tropical wave southwest of mainland Mexico. After becoming a tropical depression, the system tracked slowly southwestward and eventually curved northwestward. The depression intensified into a tropical storm after three days and was named Rachel by the National Hurricane Center. Rachel continued to steadily strengthen, and peaked as a strong 65 mph (100 km/h) tropical storm on October 2. After attaining peak intensity, Rachel re-curved to make a landfall in southern Baja California Sur and again in the Mexican Mainland on October 3. The storm produced heavy rainfall across northern Mexico and the Southwestern United States. Thousands of people were left homeless and 18 fatalities were reported.

Landfall
Landfall is the event of a storm moving over land after being over water. More broadly, and in relation to human travel, it refers to 'the first land that is reached or seen at the end of a journey across the sea or through the air, or the fact of arriving there.'
Kadnikov
Kadnikov (Russian: Ка́дников) is a town in Sokolsky District of Vologda Oblast, Russia, located on the bank of the Sodima River, 43 kilometers (27 mi) southeast of Vologda, the administrative center of the oblast. Population:  4,796 (2010 Census); 5,362 (2002 Census); 5,312 (1989 Soviet census).

Arkhangelsk
Arkhangelsk (Russian: Архангельск, pronounced [ɐrˈxanɡʲɪlʲsk]) is a city and the administrative center of Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. It lies on both banks of the Northern Dvina near its mouth into the White Sea. The city spreads for over 40 kilometres (25 mi) along the banks of the river and numerous islands of its delta. Arkhangelsk was the chief seaport of medieval and early modern Russia until 1703, when it was replaced by the newly founded Saint Petersburg.

A 1,133-kilometer-long (704 mi) railway runs from Arkhangelsk to Moscow via Vologda and Yaroslavl, and air travel is served by the Talagi Airport and the smaller Vaskovo Airport. As of the 2021 Census, the city's population was 301,199.
Aristeas (sculptor)
Aristeas (Ancient Greek: Ἀριστέας) was part of a duo, along with Papias, of sculptors from Aphrodisium in Cyprus who made the two statues of centaurs, known as the Furietti Centaurs, in dark grey marble which were found at Hadrian's Villa at Tivoli, Lazio in 1746, and are now in the Capitoline Museums.

The statues bear the inscription ΑΡΙΣΤΕΑΣ ΚΑΙ ΠΑΠΙΑΣ ΑΦΡΟΔΙΣΙΕΙΣ. From the style of the statues, and from the place where they were discovered, German art historian Johann Joachim Winckelmann supposed that they were made during the reign of Hadrian. Other statues of centaurs have been discovered, very much like those of Aristeas and Papias, but of better workmanship, from which some writers have inferred that the latter are only copies. The two centaurs are fully described by Winckelmann, and figured by sculptors Bartolomeo Cavaceppi and Giovanni Battista Foggini.

Centaur
A centaur (/ˈsɛntɔːr, ˈsɛntɑːr/ SEN-tor, SEN-tar; Ancient Greek: κένταυρος, romanized: kéntauros; Latin: centaurus), occasionally hippocentaur, also called Ixionidae (Ancient Greek: Ἰξιονίδαι, romanized: Ixionídai, lit. 'sons of Ixion'), is a creature from Greek mythology with the upper body of a human and the lower body and legs of a horse that was said to live in the mountains of Thessaly. In one version of the myth, the centaurs were named after Centaurus, and, through his brother Lapithes, were kin to the legendary tribe of the Lapiths.

Centaurs are thought of in many Greek myths as being as wild as untamed horses, and were said to have inhabited the region of Magnesia and Mount Pelion in Thessaly, the Foloi oak forest in Elis, and the Malean peninsula in southern Laconia. Centaurs are subsequently featured in Roman mythology, and were familiar figures in the medieval bestiary. They remain a staple of modern fantastic literature.
2021 Menzelinsk Let L-410UVP-E crash
The 2021 Menzelinsk parachute Let L-410UVP-E crash occurred near the town of Menzelinsk, Tatarstan, Russia on 10 October 2021.

Immediately after taking off from the local airfield, the L-410 aircraft belonging to DOSAAF Russia began to lose altitude and crashed into the ground. 16 of the 22 people on board were killed, including both crew members and 14 parachutists, while 6 other parachutists survived, but 1 of them died 1 month later.

Ministry of Emergency Situations (Russia)
The Ministry of Civil Defence, Emergencies and Disaster Relief (full name in Russian: Министерство Российской Федерации по делам гражданской обороны, чрезвычайным ситуациям и ликвидации последствий стихийных бедствий (МЧС России), English: Ministry of the Russian Federation for Civil Defense, Emergency Situations and Elimination of the Consequences of Natural Disasters (Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia)), is a Russian government agency overseeing the civil emergency services in Russia.

President Boris Yeltsin established EMERCOM on January 10, 1994, though the ministry can be traced back to December 27, 1990, when the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) established the Russian Rescue Corps and assigned it the mission of rapid response to emergencies.
PCK2
Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 2, mitochondrial (PCK2, PEPCK-M), is an isozyme of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PCK, PEPCK) that in humans is encoded by the PCK2 gene on chromosome 14. This gene encodes a mitochondrial enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of oxaloacetate (OAA) to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) in the presence of guanosine triphosphate (GTP). A cytosolic form of this protein is encoded by a different gene and is the key enzyme of gluconeogenesis in the liver. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described.[provided by RefSeq, Apr 2014]

Phosphoenolpyruvic acid
Phosphoenolpyruvate (2-phosphoenolpyruvate, PEP) is the carboxylic acid derived from the enol of pyruvate and a phosphate anion.  It exists as an anion. PEP is an important intermediate in biochemistry. It has the highest-energy phosphate bond found (−61.9 kJ/mol) in organisms, and is involved in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis.  In plants, it is also involved in the biosynthesis of various aromatic compounds, and in carbon fixation; in bacteria, it is also used as the source of energy for the phosphotransferase system.
Mario Barrios
Mario Thomas Barrios (born May 18, 1995) is a Mexican-American professional boxer. He held the World Boxing Association (WBA) (Regular version) super lightweight title from 2019 to 2021 and the World Boxing Council (WBC) welterweight title from 2024 to 2026.

Welterweight
Welterweight is a weight class in combat sports. Originally the term welterweight was used only in boxing, but other combat sports like muay Thai, taekwondo, and mixed martial arts also use it for their own weight division system to classify the opponents. If used, welterweight is typically between lightweight and middleweight.
Wild Child (character)
Kyle Gibney is a  character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by writer and artist John Byrne, the character first appeared in Alpha Flight #1 (August 1983). Gibney is a mutant—a subspecies of humans born with superhuman abilities—and is known under the codename Wild Child (also spelled Wildchild). He has also used the aliases Weapon Omega and Wildheart. Gibney has been portrayed as both a superhero and a supervillain and has been affiliated with several teams, including Alpha Flight, X-Factor, and Weapon X.

First appearance
In comic books and other stories with a long history, first appearance refers to the first issue to feature a fictional character. These issues are often highly valued by collectors due to their rarity and iconic status.
Muhammad Ali vs. Richard Dunn
Muhammad Ali vs. Richard Dunn was a professional boxing match contested on 24 May 1976, for the undisputed heavyweight championship. This fight would mark Ali's 37th and final knockout win of his career.

Richard Dunn (boxer)
Richard Dunn (born 19 January 1945) is an English former heavyweight boxer who was the British (1975–76), European (1976) and Commonwealth (1975–76) Champion. He unsuccessfully challenged  Muhammad Ali for the world heavyweight title in 1976.
Falcocladium
Falcocladium is a genus of fungi, within the monotypic family Falcocladiaceae Somrith., E.B.G. Jones & K.L. Pang, and within the monotypic order Falcocladiales R.H. Perera, Maharachch., Somrith., Suetrong & K.D. Hyde, within the class Dothideomycetes. They are saprobic on leaf litter, including the leaves of Eucalyptus grandis and Eucalyptus camaldulensis in tropical and terrestrial habitats.

Eucalyptus camaldulensis
Eucalyptus camaldulensis, commonly known as river red gum, is a flowering plant in the family Myrtaceae, and is endemic to Australia. It is a tree with smooth white or cream-coloured bark, lance-shaped or curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven or nine, white flowers and hemispherical fruit with the valves extending beyond the rim. A familiar and iconic tree, it is seen along many watercourses across inland Australia, providing shade in the extreme temperatures of central Australia and elsewhere.
March 1679 English general election
The March 1679 English general election resulted in the Habeas Corpus Parliament, named after the Habeas Corpus Act, which it enacted in May, 1679 to define and strengthen the ancient prerogative writ benefitting all subjects. It was dissolved while in recess on 12 July 1679.

On the current issue of excluding the King's younger brother from the succession to the throne, 218 members were in favour of the Exclusion Bill, while 137 were opposed. However, 167 members did not attend the parliament at all, so their view about Exclusion is unknown.

Habeas Corpus Act 1679
The Habeas Corpus Act 1679 (31 Cha. 2. c. 2) is an act of the Parliament of England passed during the reign of Charles II. It was passed by what became known as the Habeas Corpus Parliament to define and strengthen the ancient prerogative writ of habeas corpus, which required a court to examine the lawfulness of a prisoner's detention and thus prevent unlawful or arbitrary imprisonment.
Sæle Church
Sæle Church (Norwegian: Sæle kyrkje) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Sogndal Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. It is located in the village of Sæle, on the northern shore of the Sognefjorden. It is one of two churches for the Balestrand parish which is part of the Sogn prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Bjørgvin. The yellow, wooden church was built in a long church design with a Romanesque revival style in 1903 using plans drawn up by the architect Hans Jacob Sparre from Oslo. The church seats about 170 people.

Sognefjord
The Sognefjord or Sognefjorden (Urban East Norwegian: [ˈsɔ̂ŋnəˌfjuːɳ], English: Sogn Fjord), nicknamed the King of the Fjords (Norwegian: Fjordenes konge), is the longest and deepest fjord in Norway. Located in Vestland county in Western Norway, it stretches 205 kilometres (127 mi) inland from the ocean to the small village of Skjolden in Luster Municipality.

The fjord gives its name to the surrounding district of Sogn. The name is related to Norwegian word súg- "to suck",  presumably from the surge or suction of the tidal currents at the mouth of the fjord.
Tell That Girl
"Tell That Girl" is a 2017 single released by Scottish alternative rock band Texas as the second single from their ninth studio album Jump on Board (2017). The song was released in March 2017 through PIAS Records and was written by Sharleen Spiteri, Johnny McElhone, Karen Overton, with McElhone serving as the songs producer.

Johnny McElhone
John Francis McElhone (born 21 April 1963) is a Scottish guitarist and songwriter from Glasgow.

He played with three bands who have enjoyed a top-20 presence on the UK Singles Chart; the new wave bands Altered Images and Hipsway, and the alternative/pop rock band Texas. Both Altered Images and Texas have had top 20 albums on the UK Albums Chart.

He is one of four children of Scottish Labour MPs Frank and Helen McElhone. He is the father of child actor Jack McElhone, who co-starred with Gerard Butler and Emily Mortimer in the 2004 film Dear Frankie.
John Frewer
John Frewer CBE (1 November 1883 – 7 December 1974) was an Anglican bishop in Australia.

Frewer was born in Fulletby, Lincolnshire. He was educated at The King's School, Canterbury and Lincoln Theological College. He was ordained priest in 1909 and, after being a curate in Boston, Lincolnshire, he emigrated to Australia where he became domestic chaplain to the Bishop of Bunbury — eventually becoming a canon of the diocese. A member of the Brotherhood of St Boniface, he was their warden from 1919 until his ordination to the episcopate.

Frewer served as second Bishop of North West Australia from 1929 to 1965. He retired to Perth, Western Australia and died on 7 December 1974 at Mount Lawley, Perth, and was cremated; his ashes were placed in the Cathedral of the Holy Cross, Geraldton.

Mount Lawley, Western Australia
Mount Lawley is an inner northern suburb of Perth, Western Australia. The suburb is bounded by the Swan River to the east, Vincent, Harold and Pakenham Streets to the south, Central Avenue and Alexander Drive to the north, and Norfolk Street to the west.
With Love (Michael Bublé EP)
With Love is an EP released by Canadian jazz performer Michael Bublé. It was released on February 14, 2006 as part of a Valentine's Day promotion, and was exclusively sold in Hallmark Gold Crown stores, under the licensee Hallmark Cards, under license from 143 and Reprise. The album compiles tracks previously released on Michael Bublé (2003), Come Fly with Me (2004), and It's Time (2005), along with two previously unreleased tracks.

Reprise Records
Reprise Records is an American record label founded in 1960 by Frank Sinatra. It is owned by Warner Music Group, and operates through Warner Records, one of its flagship labels.

Artists currently signed to Reprise Records include Green Day, Enya, Michael Bublé, Eric Clapton, Stevie Nicks, Neil Young, Deftones, Lindsey Buckingham, Josh Groban, Disturbed, Idina Menzel, My Chemical Romance, Gerard Way, Dwight Yoakam, Never Shout Never, and Billy Strings.
Marit Svarva Henriksen
Marit Svarva Henriksen (27 April 1925 – 9 June 2014) was a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party.

She was born in Skogn Municipality, Norway. She attended folk high school, worked for Televerket in Skogn for 25 years before being hired by Stjørdal Municipality in 1966. She later attended the Nordic folk high school in Geneva (1960) as well as several other courses.

She was elected as a local politician in Skogn Municipality (later part of Levanger Municipality), together with her twin sister, and was also a member of Nord-Trøndelag county council. She finished her service on the municipal council of Levanger Municipality in 2003. She served as a deputy representative to the Parliament of Norway from Nord-Trøndelag during the terms 1958–1961, 1961–1965 and 1969–1973. In total she met during 10 days of parliamentary session.

She also became known as head of the jury in the 1983 court case against serial killer Arnfinn Nesset.

Nord-Trøndelag (Storting constituency)
Nord-Trøndelag (lit. transl. North Trøndelag; Southern Sami: Noerhte-Tröndelaage) is one of the 19 multi-member constituencies of the Storting, the national legislature of Norway. The constituency was established in 1921 following the introduction of proportional representation for elections to the Storting. It consists of the municipalities of Flatanger, Frosta, Grong, Høylandet, Inderøy, Leka, Levanger, Lierne, Meråker, Nærøysund, Namsos, Namsskogan, Overhalla, Raarvihke, Snåase, Steinkjer, Stjørdal and Verdal in the county of Trøndelag. The constituency currently elects four of the 169 members of the Storting using the open party-list proportional representation electoral system. At the 2025 parliamentary election it had 101,928 registered electors.
Virginia Dwan
Virginia Dwan (October 18, 1931 – September 5, 2022) was an American art collector, art patron, philanthropist, and founder of the Dwan Light Sanctuary in Montezuma, New Mexico. She was the owner and executive director of Dwan Gallery, Los Angeles (1959–1967) and Dwan Gallery New York (1965–1971), a contemporary art gallery closely identified with the American movements of minimalism, conceptualism, and land art.

Robert Rauschenberg
Milton Ernest "Robert" or "Bob" Rauschenberg (October 22, 1925 – May 12, 2008) was an American painter and graphic artist whose early works anticipated the Pop art movement. Rauschenberg is well known for his Combines (1954–1964), a group of artworks which incorporated everyday objects as art materials and which blurred the distinctions between painting and sculpture. Rauschenberg was primarily a painter and a sculptor, but he also worked with photography, printmaking, papermaking and performance.

Rauschenberg received numerous awards during his nearly 60-year artistic career. Among the most prominent were the International Grand Prize in Painting at the 32nd Venice Biennale in 1964 and the National Medal of Arts in 1993.

Rauschenberg lived and worked in New York City and on Captiva Island, Florida, until his death on May 12, 2008.
2012 Baku Cup – Doubles
Mariya Koryttseva and Tatiana Poutchek were the defending champions but decided not to participate.
Irina Buryachok and Valeria Solovyeva won the final 6–3, 6–2 against Eva Birnerová and Alberta Brianti.

Valeriya Solovyeva
Valeriya Alexandrovna Solovyeva (Russian: Валерия Александровна Соловьёва; born 3 November 1992) is a Russian former professional tennis player.

Solovyeva won two doubles titles on the WTA Tour, and in addition three singles and 15 doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit. On 27 May 2013, she reached her best singles ranking of world No. 163. On 15 July 2013, she peaked at No. 67 in the doubles rankings.

Playing for Russia in the Fed Cup, Solovyeva has a win–loss record of 1–1. She made her debut in February 2014, partnering Irina Khromacheva in doubles, losing the dead rubber in straight sets to Ashleigh Barty and Casey Dellacqua.
60th Technology and Engineering Emmy Awards
The  60th Technology and Engineering Emmy Awards  was held on January 8, 2009  at the 2009 International Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas. CEO of  Verizon Communications, Ivan Seidenberg received the Lifetime Achievement Award

Ivan Seidenberg
Ivan Seidenberg (born December 10, 1946) is the former chairman and CEO of Verizon Communications Inc.

His telecommunications career began more than 40 years ago when he joined New York Telephone, one of Verizon's predecessor companies, as a cable splicer.  He went on to lead Verizon from its inception in 2000, first as co-Chief Executive Officer, then as sole CEO, and then as CEO and chairman.  Seidenberg stepped down as CEO in July 2011 and continued to serve as chairman and as a member of the Verizon Board of Directors through December 2011 when he retired from the company, succeeded by Lowell McAdam.

Previously, Seidenberg was chairman and CEO of Verizon's predecessor companies, NYNEX and Bell Atlantic.
Pol.is
Polis (or Pol.is) is wiki survey software designed for large group collaborations. As a civic technology, Polis allows people to share their opinions and ideas, and its algorithm is intended to elevate ideas that can facilitate better decision-making, especially when there are lots of participants.

Polis has been credited for assisting the passage of legislation in Taiwan. Pol.is has also been used in America, Canada, Singapore, Philippines, Finland, Spain and other governments around the world.

Decision-making
In psychology, decision-making (also spelled decision making and decisionmaking) is regarded as the cognitive process resulting in the selection of a belief or a course of action among several possible alternative options. It could be either rational or irrational. The decision-making process is a reasoning process based on assumptions of values, preferences and beliefs of the decision-maker. Every decision-making process produces a final choice, which may or may not prompt action.

Research about decision-making is also published under the label problem solving, particularly in European psychological research.
1456 Central Italy earthquakes
On December 5, 1456, the largest earthquake to occur on the Italian Peninsula in historical times struck the Kingdom of Naples. The earthquake had an estimated moment magnitude of Mw  7.19–7.4, and was centred near the town of Pontelandolfo in the present-day Province of Benevento, southern Italy. Earning a level of XI (Extreme) on the Modified Mercalli intensity scale, the earthquake caused widespread destruction in central and southern Italy. Estimates of the death toll range greatly with up to 70,000 deaths reported. It was followed by two strong Mw  7.0 and 6.0 earthquakes to the north on December 30. The earthquake sequence is considered the largest in Italian history, and one of the most studied.

Torre de' Passeri
Torre de' Passeri is an Italian town of 3,172 inhabitants in the province of Pescara in Abruzzo. It owes its name to the ancient "Turris Passum" (Torre del passo), a tower located near the Abbey of San Clemente a Casauria. A prominent feature of Torre de' Passeri is Castello Gizzi (called by the locals "Castelluccio"), which overlooks the entire town. Historical-enological researches have suggested that the area might be the native land of the Montepulciano vine. Torre de' Passeri is twinned with Manteigas in Portugal.
Battle of Villar de los Navarros
The Battle of Villar de los Navarros (August 24, 1837) was a battle of the First Carlist War.  It occurred near the town of Villar de los Navarros in Zaragoza Province and was a victory for the Carlists.

The Carlists took many prisoners, including the brigadier Ramón Solano, 84 officers, 60 sergeants, and 1,500 infantrymen; 400 of whom were forced to join the Carlist army.

1,245 prisoners, many badly wounded, were taken on the night of August 24 to the towns of Herrera de los Navarros and Villar de los Navarros.  These prisoners, called los prisioneros de Herrera, were stripped completely naked and despoiled of all of their possessions.

On August 25, the Carlist army departed from Villar with this contingent of prisoners.  The Carlist army included the Briton adventurer C.F. Henningsen.

Herrera de los Navarros
Herrera de los Navarros (Aragonese: Ferrera de los Navarros) is a municipality located in the province of Zaragoza, Aragon, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 634 inhabitants.