hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lee Hi
Lee Ha-yi (Korean: 이하이; born September 23, 1996), known by her stage name Lee Hi, is a South Korean singer and songwriter. She first garnered attention as the runner-up of the first season of K-pop Star. She debuted with the single "1, 2, 3, 4" on October 28, 2012, and reached number one with first week sales of 667,549 downloads. Her first full-length album First Love was released in two parts: part 1 on March 7, 2013, and part 2 on March 28, 2013.

In 2020, she signed to hip-hop R&B record label AOMG where she released the studio album 4 Only (2021).

Circle Digital Chart
The Circle Digital Chart, previously known as the Gaon Digital Chart, is the music industry standard record chart ranking the 200 most popular singles in South Korea. It provides rankings on a weekly, monthly, and yearly basis, which is based on an aggregate of streaming, downloads and background music from major South Korean music platforms, as well as video ringback tone sales from the V Coloring app. It is a part of the Circle Chart, previously known as the Gaon Chart.
Borean languages
Borean (also Boreal or Boralean) is a hypothetical (i.e. proposed) linguistic macrofamily that encompasses almost all language families worldwide except those native to sub-Saharan Africa, Australia, New Guinea and the Andaman Islands. It is considered a fringe theory within mainstream linguistics, relying heavily on the discredited mass comparison method to derive genetic relationships. Borean proposes that the various languages spoken in Eurasia and adjacent regions have a genealogical relationship, and ultimately descend from languages spoken during the Upper Paleolithic in the millennia following the Last Glacial Maximum. The name Borean is based on the Greek βορέας, and means "northern". This reflects the fact that the group is held to include most language families that are native to the Northern Hemisphere. Two distinct models of Borean exist: that of Harold C. Fleming and that of Sergei Starostin.

Kartvelian languages
The Kartvelian languages (/kɑːrtˈvɛliən, -ˈviːl-/ kart-VEL-ee-ən, -⁠VEEL-; Georgian: ქართველური ენები, romanized: kartveluri enebi), also known as South Caucasian or Kartvelic languages, are a language family indigenous to the South Caucasus and spoken primarily in Georgia. There are approximately 5 million Georgian language speakers worldwide. The Kartvelian family has no known relation to any other language family, making it one of the world's primary language families.

The most widely spoken Kartvelian language is the standard Georgian. The earliest written source in any Kartvelian language is an Old Georgian inscription at the once-existing Georgian monastery near Bethlehem, dated to c. 430 AD. Georgian scripts are used to write all Kartvelian languages.
Philip Tomalin
Philip Humphreys Tomalin (10 April 1856–12 February 1940) was a British-French sportsman and sports administrator.

Tomalin was born in Kensington. He was member of the Norse Rowing Club in Richmond, and the Carlton Cricket Club that played at Regent's park before he left for France at the age of 21. He remained in France until 1939, returning to England where he died the following year in Bognor Regis.

Tomalin served as president of the Standard Athletic Club in Paris from 1892 to 1939. He organised, and was the captain of, the French cricket team at the 1900 Summer Olympics, the only time to date that cricket has featured in the Olympics; there was only one match played, which was won by Great Britain. In 1932, he was appointed a chevalier of the Legion d'Honneur. He was also a member of the Ordre des Palmes académiques.

Standard Athletic Club
The Standard Athletic Club is a British social club in Paris, created on 1 March 1890, as the fourth football club in France, the oldest one being Le Havre AC. The Standard Athletic Club won the first French football championship in 1894, and then again in 1895, 1897, 1898 and 1901. It also represented France for the one and only cricket match in the Olympic Games.
Black Hawk County Soldiers Memorial Hall
The Black Hawk County Soldiers Memorial Hall, also known as Veterans Memorial Hall, is a Classical Revival veterans hall located at 1915 Courbat Ct. in downtown Waterloo, Black Hawk County, Iowa.  It was built starting in June 1915 and first meeting was held there in December of the same year by the Grand Army of the Republic as a memorial to soldiers who died in the American Civil War. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988 due to its architecture and importance in local history.

Waterloo, Iowa
Waterloo is a city in and the county seat of Black Hawk County, Iowa, United States. It is the eighth-most populous city in Iowa, with a population of 67,314 at the 2020 census. Waterloo comprises a twin conurbation with neighboring municipality Cedar Falls, and is the larger of the two cities. The Waterloo – Cedar Falls metropolitan area has an estimated 170,000 residents.

Waterloo is a major manufacturing, commercial, and cultural center in Northeast Iowa. John Deere, a brand renowned for its tractors, engines, and other agricultural machinery, has been manufacturing its products in the city for over a century. Locally known as the “Factory City,” Waterloo has played a significant role in the production of these important agricultural tools. Waterloo is bisected by the Cedar River flowing southeastward.
2005–06 Swiss Super League
The 2005–06 Swiss Super League season was the 109th season of top-tier football in Switzerland. The competition was officially named AXPO Super League due to sponsoring purposes. It began on 13 July 2005 and has ended on 14 May 2006.

Swiss Super League
The Super League (also known as the Brack Super League for sponsorship reasons) is a professional association football league in Switzerland and the highest level of the Swiss football league system. It has been played in its current format since the 2003–04 season. The Swiss Super League is ranked 16th in Europe according to UEFA's ranking of league coefficients, which is based upon Swiss team performances in European competitions. The 2025–26 season is the 129th season of the Swiss top-flight, making it the longest continuously running top-flight national league.
CP-93129
CP-93129 is a drug which acts as a potent and selective serotonin 5-HT1B receptor agonist, with approximately 150-fold and 200-fold selectivity over the closely related serotonin 5-HT1D and 5-HT1A receptors. It is used in the study of 5-HT1B receptors in the brain, particularly their role in modulating the release of other neurotransmitters. It produces antiaggressive effects in rodents.

Potency (pharmacology)
In pharmacology, potency or biological potency is a measure of a drug's biological activity expressed in terms of the dose required to produce a pharmacological effect of given intensity. A highly potent drug (e.g., fentanyl, clonazepam, risperidone, benperidol, bumetanide) evokes a given response at low concentrations, while a drug of lower potency (e.g. morphine, diazepam, ziprasidone, haloperidol, furosemide) evokes the same response only at higher concentrations. Higher potency does not necessarily mean greater effectiveness nor more side effects nor less side effects.
The White Chapel
The White Chapel, formerly known as the "Old Chapel", is an historic Methodist church in Prince Edward, Ontario.  The chapel was built on land donated by Stephen Conger, a Loyalist from the former Province of New Jersey who settled in Hallowell Township in 1787.

Commenced in 1809, the chapel was the first Methodist church in Prince Edward County and one of the earliest in Upper Canada. Built by William Moore and financed by local subscription, it has been maintained as a place of worship for a longer period than any other church of Methodist origin in Ontario.

The church is situated in the former Township of Sophiasburgh, located in the Municipality of Prince Edward, Ontario.

Province of New Jersey
The Province of New Jersey was one of the Middle Colonies of Colonial America and became the U.S. state of New Jersey in 1776. The province had originally been settled by Europeans as part of New Netherland but came under English rule after the surrender of Fort Amsterdam in 1664, becoming a proprietary colony. The English renamed the province after the island of Jersey in the English Channel. The Dutch Republic reasserted control for a brief period in 1673–1674. After that it consisted of two political divisions, East Jersey and West Jersey, until they were united as a royal colony in 1702. The original boundaries of the province were slightly larger than the current state, extending into a part of the present state of New York, until the border was finalized in 1773.
East Texas A&M Lions
The East Texas A&M Lions (formerly the East Texas State Lions and Texas A&M–Commerce Lions) are the athletic teams that represent East Texas A&M University, located in Commerce, Texas, in NCAA Division I intercollegiate sports. The Lions compete as members of the Southland Conference for all 12 varsity sports. East Texas A&M previously played in the Lone Star Conference from 1931 to 2022.

Colby Carthel
Colby Don Carthel (born August 29, 1976) is an American college football coach and former player. He is the head football coach at Stephen F. Austin State University in Nacogdoches, Texas, a position he has held since December 2018. Carthel served as the head football coach at Texas A&M University–Commerce from 2013 to 2018, leading the 2017 Texas A&M–Commerce Lions football team to an NCAA Division II Football Championship title. Prior to his time as head coach, he was the defensive coordinator under his father, Don Carthel, at West Texas A&M University, from 2006 to 2012. Carthel played football at Angelo State University, where he was an all-conference linebacker.
Sakurayu
Sakurayu (Japanese: 桜湯), Sakura-cha (桜茶), literally "cherry blossom tea", is a Japanese infusion created by steeping pickled cherry blossoms with boiled water. This combination becomes a type of herbal tea, and has been enjoyed in East Asian culture for many generations.

Infusion
Infusion is the process of extracting chemical compounds or flavors from plant material in a solvent such as water, oil, or alcohol, by allowing the material to remain suspended in the solvent over time (a process often called steeping). An infusion is also the name for the resultant liquid. The process of infusion is distinct from both decoction—a method of extraction involving boiling the plant material—and percolation, in which water is passed through the material (as in a coffeemaker).
Kudumbimalai
Kudumbimalai known in sinhala as Kudumbimala (Tamil: குடும்பிமலை; Sinhala: කුඩුම්බිමල, Kudumbimalai Hill) is a region in the west of Batticaloa District, Sri Lanka. It consists of a rock formation and a thick jungle. The area is very close to Polonnaruwa District border.

Kudumbimalai in Tamil translates to Hair-knot-rock. British colonists from the past named the rock Baron's Cap.

Kudumbimalai was under the control of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam and was strategically important to the organization. In 2007, the Sri Lankan army captured the town from the LTTE in the Battle of Thoppigala, and permanently evicted the LTTE from the Eastern Province.

Eastern Province, Sri Lanka
The Eastern Province (Sinhala: නැගෙනහිර පළාත Næ̆gĕnahira Paḷāta, Tamil: கிழக்கு மாகாணம் Kiḻakku Mākāṇam) is one of the nine provinces of Sri Lanka, the first level administrative division of the country. The provinces have existed since the 19th century but did not have any legal status until 1987 when the 13th Amendment to the Constitution of Sri Lanka established provincial councils. Between 1988 and 2006 the province was temporarily merged with the Northern Province to form the North Eastern Province. The capital of the province is Trincomalee. Kalmunai is the largest and most populous city of Eastern Province.
Ukrainian embroidery
Ukrainian embroidery (Ukrainian: вишивка, romanized: vyshyvka) occupies an important place among the various branches of Ukrainian decorative arts. Embroidery has a rich history in Ukraine, and has long appeared in Ukrainian folk dress as well as played a part in traditional Ukrainian weddings and other celebrations. Appearing all across the country, Ukrainian embroidery varies depending on the region of origin. From Poltava, Kyiv, and Chernihiv in the east, to Volyn and Polissia in the northwest, to Bukovina, and the Hutsul area in the southwest, the designs have a long history which defines its ornamental motifs and compositions, as well as its favorite choice of colors and types of stitches.

Polesia
Polesia, also called Polissia, Polesie, or Polesye, is a natural (geographic) and historical region in Eastern Europe within the East European Plain, including the Belarus–Ukraine border region and part of eastern Poland. This region should not be confused with parts of Russia also traditionally called "Polesie".
Stockertown, Pennsylvania
Stockertown is a borough in Northampton County, Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, Stockertown had a population of 919. It is part of the Lehigh Valley metropolitan area.

The borough contains large industries such as Hercules Cement, Polymer Products, and Praxair. The borough spans a 21⁄2-mile radius and provides services for a population of 919 residents. Stockertown is at the hub of five surrounding second-class townships, and until the Charles Chrin Interchange was built near Tatamy in 2015, provided the closest access to Pennsylvania Route 33 for many industrial parks in these townships.

Since 2006, Forks Township has been contracted to provide fire services to the borough, and the borough maintains its own police department. It is located in Pennsylvania's 17th Congressional District, and in Pennsylvania's 137th (State House of Representatives) and 18th (State Senate) Legislative Districts.

Praxair
Praxair, Inc. was an American worldwide industrial gases company. Founded in 1907, Praxair was the largest industrial gases company in North and South America, and the third-largest worldwide by revenue.  In 2018 it merged with Linde AG to form Linde plc. The Praxair name was discontinued on September 1, 2020 in the US.
Khashayar Farmanbar
Khashayar Carl Farmanbar (born 21 September 1976) is a Swedish entrepreneur and politician for the Social Democratic Party. From 30 November 2021 until 18 October 2022, he was Minister for Energy and Minister for Digital Development in Magdalena Andersson's Cabinet, replacing Anders Ygeman.

Farmanbar was born in Teheran but lived in Boden after coming to Sweden at twelve years of age. He studied computer engineering and marketing at Luleå University of Technology and has worked in the IT sector. Before becoming minister, he was oppositional municipal commissioner in Nacka, where has lived since 2007.

Minister for Digital Development (Sweden)
The Minister for Digital Development (Swedish: IT-minister) is a cabinet minister within the Government of Sweden and appointed by the Prime Minister of Sweden.

The minister is responsible for issues regarding Information technology, electronic communication, digitalization and internet safety. The Minister for Digital Development is Erik Slottner, appointed on 18 October 2022.
Ludwig Radermacher
Ludwig Radermacher (31 October 1867 – 28 June 1952) was a German-Austrian classical philologist born in Siegburg.

In 1891 he earned his doctorate at the University of Bonn, where he was a student of Hermann Usener (1834–1905). Following graduation he remained in Bonn, where he assisted Usener with the works of Dionysius of Halicarnassus. In 1903 he became an associate professor at the University of Greifswald and three years later relocated to the University of Münster. In 1909 he succeeded Theodor Gomperz (1832-1912) as chair of classical philology at the University of Vienna, and where he remained until his retirement in 1937. In 1915 he became a member of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (AAS).

Austrian Academy of Sciences
The Austrian Academy of Sciences (German: Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften; ÖAW) is a legal entity under the special protection of the Republic of Austria. According to the statutes of the Academy its mission is to promote the sciences and humanities in every respect and in every field, particularly in fundamental research.
Bellavista railway station
Bellavista is a railway station on the Monte Generoso railway, a rack railway that connects Capolago with the summit of Monte Generoso in the Swiss canton of Ticino. Bellavista is the principal intermediate station on the line, and at one time the junction point for the Tramway Bellavista.

Capolago
Capolago is a village situated at the south-eastern extremity of Lake Lugano, in the Swiss canton of Ticino. Originally a municipality in its own right, Capolago is now a quarter of the municipality of Mendrisio, itself part of the district of Mendrisio.
Wildflower strip
A wildflower strip is a section of land set aside to grow wildflowers. These can be at the edge of a field to mitigate against agricultural intensification and monoculture; along road medians and verges; or in parkland or other open spaces such as the Coronation Meadows. Such strips provide an attractive amenity and can also improve biodiversity, conserving birds, insects and other wildlife.

Coronation Meadows
The Coronation Meadows project is a British nature conservation scheme supported by Charles, Prince of Wales. It aimed to create 60 wildflower meadows to celebrate 60 years since the coronation of Elizabeth II.

It is led by Plantlife, along with The Wildlife Trusts and the Rare Breeds Survival Trust. Prince Charles has said that he was inspired to set up the scheme after he read Plantlife's 2012 report Our Vanishing Flora and "fully appreciated just how many wildflower meadows had been lost over the past 60 years".  The scheme was supported in 2014-2016 by a Biffa Award grant of £1m. A Coronation Meadow was established at Wakehurst Place in 2016, using seed from Bedelands Farm Nature Reserve in West Sussex. The 90th meadow was established in 2016 as The Queen's Meadow within London's Green Park.

In 2021 the Wildflower Press published Wildflowers for the Queen: A Visual Celebration of Britain's Coronation Meadows (ISBN 978-1527249592), photographed by Hugo Rittson-Thomas.
Museum of Broken Windows
The Museum of Broken Windows is a pop-up exhibition organized by the New York State affiliate of the American Civil Liberties Union. Housed within the Cooper Union's Foundation Building on Cooper Square, the project has been displayed twice, first from September 22 through 30, 2018, and then between September 13 and October 8, 2019.

The exhibition features artwork that explores the historic tactics utilized by the NYPD and their eventual consequences in terms of racial injustice and police brutality, focusing primarily on the namesake broken windows theory of crime.

Broken windows theory
In criminology, the broken windows theory states that visible signs of crime, antisocial behavior and civil disorder create an urban environment that encourages further crime and disorder, including serious crimes. The theory suggests that policing methods that target minor crimes, such as vandalism, loitering, public drinking and fare evasion, help to create an atmosphere of order and lawfulness.

The theory was introduced in an article started in 1981 and published in 1982 by conservative think-tank social scientists James Q. Wilson and George L. Kelling. It was popularized in the 1990s by New York City police commissioner William Bratton, whose policing policies were influenced by the theory.

The theory became subject to debate both within the social sciences and the public sphere. Broken windows policing has been enforced with controversial police practices, such as the frequent use of stop-and-frisk in New York City in the decade up to 2013.
Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate synthase (glutamine hydrolyzing)
Pyridoxal 5′-phosphate synthase (glutamine hydrolysing) (EC 4.3.3.6, PdxST) is an enzyme with systematic name D-ribose 5-phosphate,D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate pyridoxal 5′-phosphate-lyase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

D-ribose 5-phosphate + D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + L-glutamine  pyridoxal 5′-phosphate + L-glutamate + 3 H2O + phosphate (overall reaction)
(1a) L-glutamine + H2O  L-glutamate + NH3
(1b) D-ribose 5-phosphate + D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + NH3  pyridoxal 5′-phosphate + 4 H2O + phosphate

The enzyme can also use ribulose 5-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate.

Ribulose 5-phosphate
Ribulose 5-phosphate is one of the end-products of the pentose phosphate pathway. It is also an intermediate in the Calvin cycle.

It is formed by phosphogluconate dehydrogenase in the pentose phosphate pathway. Ribulose 5-phosphate is involved in various metabolic pathways. Ribulose 5-phosphate can be acted upon by phosphopentose isomerase to form ribose 5-phosphate, which is a precursor for nucleotide and co-factor biosynthesis. Ribulose-5 phosphate can also be acted upon by phosphopentose epimerase to form xylulose 5-phosphate, which is used in the nonoxidative phase of the pentose phosphate pathway in humans to generate precursor molecules for the synthesis of aromatic amino acids and production of energy.

In plants, ribulose 5-phosphate produced from the pentose-phosphate pathway is converted into ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate by the enzyme phosphoribokinase.
1955 Richmond 200
The 1955 Richmond 200 was a NASCAR Grand National Series event that was held on May 22, 1955, at Richmond Fairgrounds (now Richmond Raceway) in Richmond, Virginia. Two hundred laps took place on a dirt track spanning 0.500 miles (0.805 km). The exact time of the race was one hour, fifty minutes, and thirty seconds.

Qualifying was rained out so a draw for the pole position was held. All twenty-eight competitors were Americans. Individual race earnings for each driver ranged from $1,000 ($11,738 when considering inflation) to $50 ($587 when considering inflation); the total prize  given to competitors was $4,085 ($47,949 when considering inflation).

Lee Petty
Lee Arnold Petty (March 14, 1914 – April 5, 2000) was an American stock car racing driver who competed during the 1950s and 1960s. He is the patriarch of the Petty racing family. He was one of the early pioneers of NASCAR and one of its first stars. He was NASCAR's first three-time Cup champion. He is the father of Richard Petty, who went on to become one of the most successful stock car racing drivers in history. He is also the grandfather of Kyle Petty and great grandfather of Adam Petty.
HotSauce
HotSauce (code-named Project X) was experimental software developed by Apple Computer as a sample application of its Meta Content Framework. HotSauce generated a 3D visualization of the contents of an MCF file, for example, a website sitemap. It could also be used to navigate the contents of the user's hard drive.

The interface presented the different nodes as "bubbles" floating in space, to which users could "fly" to, in an effect similar to the one found later in Apple's Time Machine backup software.

Apple offered beta versions of HotSauce as a web browser plug-in for the classic Mac OS and Microsoft Windows and a stand-alone application.

HotSauce was never released in a final version and while MCF was adopted by thousands of websites, including Yahoo!, most users saw no point in navigating them in a 3D space. The project was discontinued along with MCF shortly after Steve Jobs' return to the company in 1997.

Plug-in (computing)
In computing, a plug-in (also spelled plugin), add-in (also addin, add-on, or addon) or extension is a software component that extends the functionality of an existing software system without requiring the system to be re-built. A plug-in feature is one way that a system can be customizable.

Applications support plug-ins for a variety of reasons including:

Enable third-party developers to extend an application

Support easily adding new features

Reduce the size of an application by not loading unused features

Separate source code from an application because of incompatible software licenses