hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cycloartenol synthase
In enzymology, a cycloartenol synthase (EC 5.4.99.8) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

(S)-2,3-epoxysqualene  cycloartenol

Hence, this enzyme has one substrate, (S)-2,3-epoxysqualene, and one product, cycloartenol.

This enzyme is an oxidosqualene cyclase and belongs to the family of isomerases, specifically those intramolecular transferases transferring other groups. This enzyme participates in biosynthesis of steroids.

2,3-Oxidosqualene
(S)-2,3-Oxidosqualene ((S)-2,3-epoxysqualene) is an intermediate in the synthesis of the cell membrane sterol precursors lanosterol and cycloartenol, as well as saponins.  It is formed when squalene is oxidized by the enzyme squalene monooxygenase.  2,3-Oxidosqualene is the substrate of various oxidosqualene cyclases, including lanosterol synthase, which produces lanosterol, a precursor to cholesterol.

The stereoisomer (R)-2,3-oxidosqualene is an inhibitor of lanosterol synthase.
Hydrogenosome
A hydrogenosome is a membrane-enclosed organelle found in some anaerobic ciliates, flagellates, fungi, and three species of loriciferans. Hydrogenosomes are highly variable organelles that have presumably evolved from protomitochondria to produce molecular hydrogen and ATP in anaerobic conditions.

Hydrogenosomes were discovered in 1973 by D. G. Lindmark and M. Müller. Because hydrogenosomes hold evolutionary lineage significance for organisms living in anaerobic or oxygen-stressed environments, many research institutions have since documented their findings on how the organelle differs in various sources.

Tritrichomonas foetus
Tritrichomonas foetus is a species of single-celled flagellated parasites that is known to be a pathogen of the bovine reproductive tract as well as the intestinal tract of cats. In cattle, the organism is transmitted to the female vagina and uterus from the foreskin of the bull where the parasite is known to reside.  It causes infertility, and, at times, has caused spontaneous abortions in the first trimester.  In the last ten years, there have been reports of Tritrichomonas foetus in the feces of young cats that have diarrhea and live in households with multiple cats. Tritrichomonas foetus looks similarly to Giardia and is often misdiagnosed for it when viewed under a microscope.
Secret Story (Dutch TV series)
Secret Story 2011 is a Dutch reality competition television show based on the original French series Secret Story and part of the franchise of the same name.

Like the original French version, although Secret Story is not a direct adaptation of the Big Brother franchise's format, which was also created in the Netherlands by producer John de Mol Jr. in 1997, the show has a similar concept while including his own game mechanics, and is also produced and owned by Big Brother's production company Endemol Shine Group/Banijay. The show started on 13 February 2011 on NET 5. The host for the Galas is Renate Verbaan and for the Daily Diary is Bart Boonstra. The house is the same one used in the Portuguese version, although it has been redecorated for this version.

There were 15 housemates. The show lasted three months like the French and Portuguese versions, concluded on 12 May 2011 for a total of 91 days.

Banijay Entertainment
Banijay Entertainment S.A. (formerly Banijay Group and later Banijay) is a French multinational television production and distribution company which is the world's largest international content producer and distributor with over 130 production companies across 23 territories, and a multi-genre catalogue containing over 185,000 hours of original programming. Headquartered in Paris, the company was founded in January 2008 by Stéphane Courbit, former president of Endemol France, and has risen since its inception, to become a €3.2bn turnover business. It is a subsidiary of Banijay Group N.V., based in Amsterdam.

The company has expanded over the years through multiple acquisitions, including its purchases of Zodiak Media in 2016, Endemol Shine Group in 2020, when it adopted its current name, and Beyond International in 2022. The group's non-scripted television formats include Big Brother, Survivor, Deal or No Deal, Temptation Island, MasterChef, Don't Forget the Lyrics!, and Hunted.
Threapleton
Threapleton is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Jim Threapleton (born 1973), British film director, father of Mia

Joseph Threapleton (1857-1918), English cricketer

Mia Threapleton (born 2000), British actor, daughter of Jim

Pauline Threapleton-Wainwright (born 1933), British hurdler

Jim Threapleton
James Edward Threapleton (born 8 November 1973) is an English painter and film director. He worked as a third assistant director in films such as Hideous Kinky (1998), Don't Go Breaking My Heart (1999) and The Mummy (1999). He also wrote and directed the film Extraordinary Rendition (2007). Since the 2010s, Threapleton has worked as a painter.

From 1998 to 2001, Threapleton was married to actress Kate Winslet, with whom he has a daughter, actress Mia Threapleton. Since 2008, he has been married to Julie Vuorinen, with whom he has two children.
Marcin Kątski
Count Marcin Kazimierz Kątski of Brochwicz (1636 – 1710) was a Polish nobleman, politician, diplomat, scholar, military commander, General of Artillery of the Crown (1667–1710), the Voivode of Kiev (1684–1702) and Castellan of Kraków (1706–1710).

Kątski took part in all campaigns led by King John III Sobieski. Among others, he participated at the Battle of Chocim, Żórawne, Battle of Vienna and Parkany. He is often considered one of the greatest commanders of artillery in his time.

Battle of Khotyn (1673)
The Battle of Khotyn or Battle of Chocim, also known as the Hotin War, took place on 11 November 1673 in Khotyn, where the forces of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth under the Grand Hetman of the Polish Crown John Sobieski defeated Ottoman Empire forces, with Moldavian and Wallachian regiments, led by Hüseyin Pasha. It reversed the fortunes of the previous year, when Commonwealth weakness led to the signing of the Treaty of Buchach, and allowed John Sobieski to win the upcoming royal election and become the King of Poland.
Rupert of Hentzau (1923 film)
Rupert of Hentzau is a 1923 American silent adventure film directed by Victor Heerman and starring Bert Lytell, Elaine Hammerstein, and Lew Cody. It is an adaptation of Anthony Hope's 1898 novel Rupert of Hentzau, the sequel to The Prisoner of Zenda.

Lew Cody
Lew Cody (born Louis Joseph Côté; February 22, 1884 – May 31, 1934) was an American stage and film actor whose career spanned the silent film and early sound film age. He gained notoriety in the late 1910s for playing "male vamps" in films such as Don't Change Your Husband.
PhenomicDB
PhenomicDB is a free phenotype oriented database. It contains data for some of the main model organisms such as Homo sapiens, Mus musculus, Drosophila melanogaster, and others. PhenomicDB merges and structures phenotypic data from various public sources: WormBase, FlyBase, NCBI Gene, MGI and ZFIN using clustering algorithms. The website is now offline.

Zebrafish Information Network
The Zebrafish Information Network (ZFIN) is an online biological database of information about the zebrafish (Danio rerio). The zebrafish is a widely used model organism for genetic, genomic, and developmental studies, and ZFIN provides an integrated interface for querying and displaying the large volume of data generated by this research. To facilitate use of the zebrafish as a model of human biology, ZFIN links these data to corresponding information about other model organisms (e.g., mouse) and to human disease databases. Abundant links to external sequence databases (e.g., GenBank) and to genome browsers are included. Gene product, gene expression, and phenotype data are annotated with terms from biomedical ontologies. ZFIN is based at the University of Oregon in the United States, with funding provided by the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
Chomýž
Chomýž (German: Komeisch) is a municipality and village in Kroměříž District in the Zlín Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 400 inhabitants.

Chomýž lies approximately 20 kilometres (12 mi) east of Kroměříž, 15 km (9 mi) north of Zlín, and 246 km (153 mi) east of Prague.

Zlín Region
Zlín Region (Czech: Zlínský kraj) is an administrative unit (Czech: kraj) of the Czech Republic, located in the south-eastern part of the historical region of Moravia. It is named after its capital Zlín. Together with the Olomouc Region, it forms a cohesion area of Central Moravia. It is located in the eastern part of the Czech Republic, where the borders with Slovakia (Trenčín and Žilina Regions) are formed by its eastern edge. It borders the South Moravian Region in the southwest, the Olomouc Region in the northwest, and the Moravian-Silesian Region in the north. Culturally, the region is composed of parts of three traditional Moravian regions: Haná, the Moravian Slovakia, and the Moravian Wallachia, as the city of Zlín lies roughly at their tripoint.
School of Music, Theatre, and Dance
The School of Music, Theatre, and Dance (SMTD) is the undergraduate and graduate school for the performing arts of the University of Michigan, in Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States.

The school was founded in 1880 as the Ann Arbor School of Music. It was originally independent from the university until 1929.

The School is located on the University of Michigan's North Campus, which is also home to the College of Engineering, the Stamps School of Art and Design, and the Taubman College of Architecture and Urban Planning.

William P. Malm
William Malm (March 6, 1928 – September 16, 2024) was an American musicologist known for his studies of Japanese traditional music. As a composer, teacher, and scholar of Japanese music, Malm shaped the study of ethnomusicology in the United States. Malm authored the first major scholarly study in English of the history and instruments of Japanese music, Japanese Music and Musical Instruments (1959). He was a faculty member at the University of Michigan from 1960 to 1994. Malm served as president of the Society for Ethnomusicology from 1977 to 1979 and was named an Honorary Member of that organization in 2004. Malm was awarded the Fumio Koizumi Prize in 1992 for his contributions to the study of Japanese music. As the 2001 Charles Seeger Lecturer, Malm's address focused on the history and founding of ethnomusicology in the United States.
Bubble laser
An ordinary bubble can serve as an optofluidic laser. These bubble lasers have been made of dye-doped soap solutions and smectic liquid crystal. In a bubble laser, the bubble itself serves as the optical resonator. Uniquely, bubble lasers exhibit hundreds of regularly spaced resonant frequencies called whispering gallery modes, named for the Whispering Gallery in St. Paul's Cathedral in London. Researchers have found that the emission spectrum of a bubble laser is highly dependent on the bubble's environment; changing ambient air pressure or electric fields changes the size of the bubble (the optical resonator), and therefore the wavelengths of laser emission.

Whispering gallery
A whispering gallery is usually a circular, hemispherical, elliptical or ellipsoidal enclosure, often beneath a dome or a vault, in which whispers can be heard clearly in other parts of the gallery. Such galleries can also be set up using two parabolic dishes. Sometimes the phenomenon is detected in caves.
Waimarino County
Waimarino County is a former county of New Zealand. It was defined in 1910 by the Kaitieke County Act 1910 as follows:

ALL that area in the Wellington Land District bounded towards the north generally by Kaitieke County as described in the First Schedule hereto, and by East Taupō County; towards the east by Rangitikei County; towards the south generally by Wanganui County; and towards the west generally by Waitotara County and Whangamomona County: excluding the Ohakune Town District.

Waimarino County was amalgamated with Raetihi Borough and Ohakune Borough to form Waimarino District in 1988.

Taupō
Taupō, sometimes written Taupo, is a town located in the central North Island of New Zealand. It is situated on the edge of Lake Taupō, which is the largest freshwater lake in New Zealand. Taupō was constituted as a borough in 1953. It has been the seat of Taupō District Council since the council was formed in 1989.

Taupō is the largest urban area of the Taupō District, and the second-largest urban area in the Waikato region, behind Hamilton. It has a population of approximately 26,600 (June 2024). Taupō is known for its natural beauty, with the surrounding area offering a range of outdoor recreational activities such as hiking, fishing, skiing, and water sports. Visitors can also enjoy a variety of attractions, including the Wairakei Power Station, Huka Falls, and the Tongariro National Park.
Kinawley
Kinawley or Kinawly (from Irish Cill Náile, meaning 'Náile’s church') is a small village, townland (of 187 acres) and civil parish straddling County Fermanagh, Northern Ireland and County Cavan, Republic of Ireland. The village and townland are both in the civil parish of Kinawley (founded by Natalis of Ulster) in the historic barony of Clanawley, while other areas of the parish are in the baronies of Knockninny in County Fermanagh and Tullyhaw in County Cavan. In the 2011 Census it had a population of 141 people.

Kinawley has been twinned with the German Village of Ammerndorf a municipality in the district of Fürth within Bavaria in Germany since 2008 following the county of Fermanagh's "Green and Green alike" campaign assigning each village and town land with a similar counterpart to follow the example of an environmentally friendly living manner.

Barony (county division)
A barony is an administrative division of a county in Scotland, Ireland, outlying parts of England and historically France and Sardinia. As a barony is associated to a Baron and a county to a Count or Earl, it has a lower rank and importance than a county.
Op. 115
In music, Op. 115 stands for Opus number 115. Compositions that are assigned this number include:

Arnold – Clarinet Concerto No. 2

Beethoven – Zur Namensfeier

Brahms – Clarinet Quintet

Dvořák – Armida (Dvořák)

Fauré – Piano Quintet No. 2

Prokofiev – Sonata for Solo Violin

Ries – Piano Concerto No. 4

Sallinen – Concerto for Two Accordions, Strings and Percussion

Schumann – Overture and incidental music, Manfred

Sonata for Solo Violin (Prokofiev)
The Sonata for Solo Violin (or Sonata for Unaccompanied Violins in Unison) in D major, Opus 115, is a three-movement work for unaccompanied violin composed by Sergei Prokofiev in 1947. It was commissioned by the Soviet Union's Committee of Arts Affairs as a pedagogical work for talented violin students. It is therefore a non-virtuosic piece, and was originally designed to be played not by one soloist but by multiple young performers in unison. It was not performed until 10 July 1959 - six years after Prokofiev's death - by Ruggiero Ricci at the Moscow Conservatory.
Brandon Borrello
Brandon Joel Gaetano Borrello (Italian: [ɡaeˈtaːno borˈrɛllo]; born 25 July 1995) is an Australian professional association football player who plays as a right winger for A-League club Western Sydney Wanderers and the Australia national team.

Borrello moved to Brisbane in 2011 where he played for Brisbane Roar, for whom he made his A-League Men debut in November 2013. In the following seasons, he established himself in the first-team and as one of Brisbane's most potent attackers, helping his side towards qualifications in both the A-League Finals Series and AFC Champions League. Borrello eventually moved to Germany where he remained for 5 years before moving back to Australia with Western Sydney Wanderers in July 2022.

Fortuna Düsseldorf
Düsseldorfer Turn- und Sportverein Fortuna 1895 e.V., commonly known as Fortuna Düsseldorf (pronounced [fɔʁˈtuːna ˈdʏsl̩dɔʁf] ⓘ) or Fortuna 95, is a German football club based in Düsseldorf, North Rhine-Westphalia, that competes in the 2. Bundesliga.

Founded in 1895, Fortuna entered the league in 1913 and was a fixture in the top flight from the early 1920s up to the creation of the Bundesliga in 1963. Fortuna captured one German championship in 1933 and two German cup DFB-Pokal wins in 1979 and 1980. Their greatest feat in European competition was a Cup Winners Cup final in 1979 where they lost to Barcelona.
Mahamadpur, Rautahat
Mahendradpur  is a village development committee in Rautahat District in the Narayani Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 4690 people living in 812 individual households.

Narayani Zone
Narayani (Nepali: नारायणी अञ्चलListenⓘ) was one of the fourteen zones of Nepal until the restructuring of zones to Provinces, located in the central south of the country. The headquarter of Narayani zone was Hetauda. Narayani Zone is named after the Narayani River which is on the western border of the zone, separating it from the Gandaki and Lumbini zones. Narayani means beloved of Narayan which is Parvati his sister, and Narayan refers to Lord Vishnu (the preserver) in the Hindu religion.
Lachenalia bulbifera
Lachenalia bulbifera, syn. L. pendula, is a species of flowering plant in the family Asparagaceae, native to the Western Cape of South Africa. It is a bulbous perennial growing to 30 cm (12 in) tall by 5 cm (2 in) broad, with strap-shaped spotted leaves and fleshy stems bearing pendent tubular orange or red flowers 3 cm long, in winter and spring. The Latin bulbifera literally means "bulb-bearing", and refers to the plant's habit of producing bulblets, which can be separated from the parent plant and grown on.

This plant requires a sheltered, frost-free position, or it can be grown under glass. The species and its pink-flowered cultivar 'George' have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

Bulb
In botany, a bulb is a short underground stem with fleshy leaves or leaf bases that function as food storage organs during dormancy. In gardening, plants with other kinds of storage organ are also called ornamental bulbous plants or just bulbs.
Mather High School
Stephen Tyng Mather High School (commonly known as simply Mather) is a public four-year high school located in the West Ridge neighborhood on the north side of Chicago, Illinois, United States. Opened in 1959, Mather is operated by the Chicago Public Schools (CPS) district. Mather is named in honor of Stephen Mather, an industrialist and conservationist who became the first director of the National Park Service.

Chicago Public Schools
Chicago Public Schools (CPS; administratively referred to by the state of Illinois as City of Chicago School District #299 for funding and districting reasons) is a public school district in the city of Chicago, Illinois, United States.

It is the fourth-largest school district in the United States (after New York, Los Angeles, and Miami-Dade County). CPS students attend a particular school based on their area of residence, except for charter, magnet, and selective enrollment schools.

As of 2023, CPS has 634 schools, including 477 elementary schools and 157 high schools; of which 514 were district-run, 111 were charter schools, 7 were contract schools, and 2 were SAFE schools.

CPS is led by a chief executive officer, an alternative title for the position of superintendent in most other public school systems.
Jean Auguste Berthaut
Jean Auguste Berthaut (29 March 1817 – 24 December 1881) was a French soldier and politician.

He graduated from Saint Cyr in 1837.  He was promoted to Brigadier general July 1870.

He commanded the National Guard in Paris in 1870.  He fought at the Battle of Le Bourget, Champagny, and Battle of Buzenval.
He was appointed Minister of War, in the government of Jules Dufaure.
He was appointed commander of the 18th Army Corps.
He was a grand officer of the Legion of Honor.

Champigny-sur-Marne
Champigny-sur-Marne (French pronunciation: [ʃɑ̃piɲi syʁ maʁn] ⓘ; lit. 'Champigny-on-Marne') is a major city in the Île-de-France region, France. It is located 12.5 km (7.8 mi) east-southeast from the centre of Paris.
Graeme Anderson
Graeme Anderson is the name of:

Graeme Anderson (footballer, born 1939) (1939–2022), Australian rules footballer with Carlton

Graeme Anderson (footballer, born 1953) (born 1953), Australian rules footballer with Collingwood

Graeme Anderson (footballer, born 1953)
Graeme R. Anderson (born 5 January 1953) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for Collingwood in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

Recruited from Victorian Football Association (VFA) club Port Melbourne, Anderson was a tough forward who would occasionally play in the midfield as a ruck-rover or on the wing.

Anderson missed the 1978 season after playing in both 1977 Grand Finals against North Melbourne. He played in the 1979 Grand Final against Carlton.

At the end of the 1980 season, Anderson's tenure with The Magpies ended, and after 71 VFL games, he returned to the Port Melbourne Football Club the following year.

Anderson's father (Claude Anderson), brother (Syd Anderson), and uncle (Syd Anderson) all played in the VFL.

He attended Melbourne High School from 1967 to 1970 and played cricket for Melbourne Cricket Club and Port Melbourne Cricket Club.
Ellen Angelina
Ellen Angelinawaty (born 30 June 1976) is an Indonesian badminton player and now is a badminton coach in PB Djarum. Born in Salatiga, Central Java, Angelina who play in the singles category, had won the Malaysia and Indonesia International tournaments in 1997. She reach the final at the 2000 Asian Championships, and clinched the silver medal after lose to Xie Xingfang of China. At the same year, she competed at the Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia. At the peak of her career, she won the 2001 Indonesia Open, beating the Chinese player Wang Chen in the final.

Salatiga
Salatiga (Javanese: ꦯꦭꦠꦶꦒ) is a city in Central Java province, Indonesia. It covers an area of 54.98 km2 (21.23 sq mi) and had a population of 192,322 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2024 was 198,971 (comprising 98,571 males and 100,400 females). Located between the cities of Semarang and Surakarta, and administratively an independent city enclaved within Semarang Regency, it sits at the foot of Mount Merbabu (3,142 m (10,308 ft)) and Mount Telomoyo, and has a relatively cool climate due to its elevated position. Salatiga is a part of the Semarang metropolitan area.
Samuel Jackson (cricketer)
Samuel Robinson Jackson (15 July 1859 – 19 July 1941) was an English first-class cricketer, who played one game for Yorkshire County Cricket Club in 1891. A right-handed batsman, he scored 9 and a duck in the Roses Match at Old Trafford, which Lancashire won by an innings and 49 runs. He fared better in a non first-class match against Leicestershire at Headingley in the same year, scoring an unbeaten 54 out of Yorkshire's first innings of 156 and 15 in the second innings. Leicestershire won by one wicket. Reputed to be a right arm fast bowler, Jackson did not bowl in either of these games.

Born in Ecclesall, Sheffield, Yorkshire, England, Jackson died in July 1941 in Leeds, Yorkshire.

Headingley Stadium
Headingley Stadium is a stadium complex in Headingley, Leeds, West Yorkshire, England. Linked by a two-sided stand housing common facilities, it comprises two separate grounds: Headingley Cricket Ground (home of Yorkshire CCC) and Headingley Rugby Stadium (home of Leeds Rhinos RLFC).

The stadium was initially owned by the Leeds Cricket, Football, and Athletic Company (Leeds CF & A), the parent company of Leeds RLFC. Since 2006, the cricket ground has been owned by Yorkshire CCC, with the rugby ground retained by Leeds CF & A. The two organisations jointly manage the complex.