hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Doukas (son of Michael II)
John Doukas (Greek: Ἰωάννης Δούκας, Iōannēs Doúkas) was a son of the Despot of Epirus, Michael II Komnenos Doukas, and a general in Byzantine service.

John was the second-born son of the Despot of Epirus, Michael II Komnenos Doukas, and Theodora Petraliphaina. In 1261 his mother brought him as a hostage to the Byzantine court at Constantinople, where he married Tornikina Komnene (of unknown first name), the second-born daughter of the sebastokrator Constantine Tornikios. The couple had at least one daughter, Helena, but the marriage was unhappy, with John apparently despising his wife. As a result, he was imprisoned and blinded in 1280, and committed suicide shortly after.

Sebastokrator
Sebastokrator (Medieval Greek: Σεβαστοκράτωρ, romanized: Sevastokrátor, lit. 'August Ruler', Byzantine Greek pronunciation: [sevastoˈkrator]; Bulgarian: севастократор, romanized: sevastokrator; Serbo-Croatian: sevastokrator), was a senior court title in the late Byzantine Empire. It was also used by other rulers whose states bordered the Empire or were within its sphere of influence (Bulgarian Empire, Serbian Empire). The word is a compound of sebastós (lit. 'venerable', the Greek equivalent of the Latin Augustus) and krátōr ('ruler', the same element as is found in autokrator, 'emperor'). The wife of a Sebastokrator was named sebastokratorissa (σεβαστοκρατόρισσα, sevastokratórissa) in Greek, sevastokratitsa (севастократица) in Bulgarian and sevastokratorica in Serbian.
Gawrony, Opoczno County
Gawrony [ɡaˈvrɔnɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Sławno, within Opoczno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) east of Sławno, 7 km (4 mi) west of Opoczno, and 67 km (42 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.

Opoczno County
Opoczno County (Polish: powiat opoczyński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, south-east Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Opoczno, which lies 72 kilometres (45 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź. The only other town in the county is Drzewica, lying 15 km (9 mi) north-east of Opoczno.

The county covers an area of 1,038.77 square kilometres (401.1 sq mi). As of 2009 its total population is 78,467, out of which the population of Opoczno is 21,635 (2016), that of Drzewica is 3,913 (2016), and the rural population is 52,006.
Lokachi
Lokachi (Ukrainian: Локачі, Polish: Łokacze) is a rural settlement in Volyn Oblast, in the historic region of Volhynia. It is the administrative seat of Lokachi settlement hromada. Population: 3,698 (2022 estimate)

Volyn Oblast
Volyn Oblast (Ukrainian: Волинська область, romanized: Volynska oblast) or simply Volyn (Ukrainian: Волинь), is an oblast (province) in northwestern Ukraine. It borders Rivne Oblast to the east, Lviv Oblast to the south, Poland to the west and Belarus to the north. Its administrative centre is Lutsk. Kovel is the westernmost town and the last station in Ukraine on the rail line running from Kyiv to Warsaw. The population is 1,021,356 (2022 estimate).
Abd Allah ibn Salam
Abdallah ibn Salam (Arabic: عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سَلَامٍ, romanized: ʿAbdullāh ibn Salām, lit. 'Slave of God son of Peace'), born Al-Husayn ibn Salam, was a companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, and a Jew who converted to Islam. He participated in the conquest of Syria and Palestine, but died in Medina.

Muslim conquest of Syria
The Muslim conquest of Syria (Arabic: فَتْحُ الشَّام, romanized: Fatḥ al-šām; lit. 'Conquest of Syria'), or the Arab conquest of Syria, was the conquest of Byzantine Syria by the Rashidun Caliphate that took place between 634–638 CE as part of the Arab–Byzantine wars and the wider Muslim conquests.

Clashes between the Muslims and the Byzantines on the southern Levantine borders of the Byzantine Empire had occurred previously during the lifetime of Muhammad, with the Battle of Muʿtah in 629 CE. However, the actual conquest did not begin until 634, two years after Muhammad's death. It was led by the first two Rashidun caliphs who succeeded Muhammad: Abu Bakr and Umar ibn al-Khattab. During this time, Khalid ibn al-Walid was the most important commander of the Rashidun army. In the aftermath of the conquest, Syria was brought under Arab Muslim rule and developed into the provincial region of Bilad al-Sham.
William Craig (Canadian politician)
William Craig (May 16, 1828 – January 1, 1897) was an Ontario political figure. He represented Russell in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario as a Conservative member from 1867 to 1874.

He was born in Bytown in 1828, the son of an Irish immigrant, and educated in Nepean. He served as warden for the counties of Prescott and Russell and reeve for Russell Township. He died in Russell in 1897.

Russell (Ontario federal electoral district)
Russell was a federal electoral district in eastern Ontario, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1867 to 1968.

The federal riding was created by the British North America Act 1867, and consisted initially of the County of Russell the townships of Gloucester and Osgoode in the county of Carleton. In 1903, the Rideau Ward of the city of Ottawa was added to the riding. In 1933, it was redefined to consist of the county of Russell and the part of the county of Carleton included in the township of Gloucester, excepting that part of the township of Gloucester included in the town of Eastview and the village of Rockcliffe Park. In 1947, it was expanded to include the town of Eastview in the township of Gloucester in the county of Carleton.

The federal electoral district was abolished in 1966 when it was redistributed between Glengarry—Prescott, Ottawa East and Ottawa—Carleton ridings.
Suam na mais
Suam na mais is a Filipino corn soup with leafy vegetables (like moringa, bitter melon, or Malabar spinach leaves), and pork and/or shrimp. It originates from the province of Pampanga. It is also known as ginisang mais in Tagalog and sinabawang mais in the Visayan languages. It is served hot, usually during the rainy season.

Leaf vegetable
Leaf vegetables, also called leafy greens, vegetable greens, or simply greens, are plant leaves eaten as a vegetable. Those eaten raw in a salad can be called salad greens, whereas leaf vegetables eaten cooked can be called pot herbs.

Nearly 1,000 species of plants with edible leaves are known. Leaf vegetables most often come from short-lived herbaceous plants, such as lettuce and spinach, but also come from some woody plants. The leaves of many fodder crops (e.g. alfalfa, clover, and most grasses) are also edible by humans, but usually only as famine or processed food.

Leaf vegetables contain many typical plant nutrients, but being photosynthetic tissues, their vitamin K levels are particularly notable. Accordingly, users of vitamin K antagonist medications like warfarin must limit their consumption of leaf vegetables.
Milk-eye catshark
The milk-eye catshark (Apristurus nakayai) is a species of shark in the family Scyliorhinidae found in Coriolis Bank off western New Caledonia. Its natural habitat is the open seas. The new deep-water catshark, Apristurus nakayai, is described from northern New Caledonian waters.

Scyliorhinidae
Scyliorhinidae is a family of sharks, one of a few families whose members share the common name catsharks, belonging to the order Carcharhiniformes, the ground sharks. Although they are generally known as catsharks, some species can also be called dogfish due to  previous naming.  However, a dogfish may generally be distinguished from a catshark as catsharks lay eggs while dogfish have live young, as well as the fact that dogfish lack an anal fin. Like most bottom feeders, catsharks feed on benthic invertebrates and smaller fish. They are not harmful to humans. The family is paraphyletic, containing several distinct lineages that do not form a monophyletic group.
Frederick Kissel
Frederick Templeton Manheim Kissel ISO (27 March 1881 – 15 July 1962) was a New Zealand engineer and engineering administrator. He was born in Templeton, New Zealand, on 27 March 1881.

In the 1948 King's Birthday Honours, Kissel was appointed a Companion of the Imperial Service Order.

Templeton, New Zealand
Templeton is a small town on the outskirts of Christchurch. Lying along State Highway 1. Templeton has been the centre of harness racing in Canterbury.

Its European history goes to over 140 years when it was a watering point for horses between Christchurch and the Selwyn River / Waikirikiri.

Templeton Hospital has had a major impact on the area, providing employment and controversy over many years.

More recently Ruapuna Park has created public debate regarding acceptable noise levels for residents near motor-sports venues.

Paparua to the north of Templeton has Christchurch's men's and women's prisons.
Mag TV Na
Mag TV Na was the brand of regional talk or magazine shows (as the title suggests) of different ABS-CBN Regional stations in the Philippines. There were some versions of MAG TV Na use magazine-like graphics. An example is a video squeezed into a page of a magazine. 
The Mag TV Na family of programs were not available in the Metro Manila market.

After 10 years of airing, Mag TV Na made its final broadcast as part of cost-cutting measures in preparation of ABS-CBN Regional's digitalization to align with Manila's flagship television station after Kapamilya, Mas Winner Ka! (ended on June 23 in Bacolod and ended on June 30 in Cebu and Davao), Agri Tayo Dito and regional editions of TV Patrol (which also made their final broadcasts on June 29).

DWWX-TV
DWWX-TV was the flagship VHF television station of the Philippine network ABS-CBN. The station was owned and operated by ABS-CBN Corporation, with its studio and transmitter located at the ABS-CBN Broadcasting Center on Sgt. Esguerra Avenue corner Mother Ignacia Avenue, Diliman, Quezon City, Metro Manila.

It was regarded as the first and oldest television station in the Philippines. The station served as the originating channel of the network's national programming, which was relayed to all its regional stations.

On May 5, 2020, the station's broadcasting operations, along with those of its sister television and radio stations, were effectively terminated following a cease-and-desist order issued by the National Telecommunications Commission (NTC), after the expiration of ABS-CBN's legislative franchise.
Thenavattu
Thenavattu (transl. Courage) is a 2008 Indian Tamil-language action drama film written and directed by V. V. Kathir, starring Jiiva and Poonam Bajwa, with Ganja Karuppu, Ravi Kale, Shafi, Saikumar, and Rajan P. Dev in supporting roles. The music of the film was composed by Srikanth Deva. The film was released on 21 November 2008 and received highly negative reviews from critics. It was a commercial failure in metros but performed well at B and C-centers, or lower class theatres.

Ganja Karuppu
Karuppu Raja, known for his stage name Ganja Karuppu (born 5 January 1976), is an Indian actor who has predominantly appeared in comedy roles in Tamil cinema. After making his debut in Bala's Pithamagan (2003), Ganja Karuppu experienced success in the late 2000s with his roles in Raam (2005),  Sivakasi (2005), Paruthiveeran (2007), Subramaniyapuram (2008) and Naadodigal (2009).
The Goat Puzzle
The Goat Puzzle (also known as The Infamous Goat Puzzle, The Infamous Goat, The Wretched Goat, The Goat of Lochmarne, or simply The Goat) is a puzzle featured in Revolution Software's 1996 point and click adventure game Broken Sword: The Shadow of the Templars. In the puzzle, protagonist George Stobbart must gain access to an underground dig located in a castle in Lochmarne, Ireland, while avoiding a fierce goat. The puzzle's perceived difficulty is due to it requiring the player to think in a different way to their approach to previous puzzles in the game. Many gamers and critics consider it to be one of the hardest video game puzzles of all time.

The puzzle was simplified in The Shadow of the Templars' 2009 director's cut.

Point and click
Point and click are one of the actions of a computer user moving a pointer to a certain location on a screen (pointing) and then pressing a button on a mouse or other pointing device (click). An example of point and click is in hypermedia, where users click on hyperlinks to navigate from document to document. User interfaces, for example graphical user interfaces, are sometimes described as "point-and-click interfaces", often to suggest that they are very easy to use, requiring that the user simply point to indicate their wishes. Describing software this way implies that the interface can be controlled solely through a pointing device with little or no input from the keyboard, as with many graphical user interfaces.

In some systems, such as Internet Explorer, moving the pointer over a link (or other GUI control) and waiting for a split-second will cause a tooltip to be displayed.
Pallaviciniaceae
Pallaviciniaceae is a widely distributed family of liverworts in the order Pallaviciniales.  All species are thallose, typically organized as a thick central costa (midvein), each side with a broad wing of tissue one cell in thickness.  All species are dioicous.  The greatest diversity is in Australasia, with some species endemic to that region, though species belonging to the family may be found on every continent except Antarctica.

Dioicy
Dioicy is a sexual system in non-vascular plants where archegonia (female organs) and antheridia (male organs) are produced on separate plants in the gametophyte phase. It is one of the two main sexual systems in bryophytes, the other being monoicy. Both dioicous and monoicous gametophytes produce gametes in gametangia by mitosis rather than meiosis, so that sperm and eggs are genetically identical with their parent gametophyte.
2021–22 Bangabandhu National Football Championship
The 2021–22 Bangabandhu National Football Championship is the 25th edition of the National Football Championship, the premier competition in Bangladesh for teams representing districts and government institutions. It is organized and hosted by the Bangladesh Football Federation. A total of 78 participants nation-wide will participate in the tournament.

Bangladesh Army were the defending champions having won the 2020 Bangabandhu National Football Championship.

Bangladesh Football Federation
The Bangladesh Football Federation (Bengali: বাংলাদেশ ফুটবল ফেডারেশন, Bānglādesh fūṭbôl fēḍārēshôn) is the governing body for association football in Bangladesh. Established in 1972 following the country's independence, the federation is responsible for managing the men's national team and women's national teams, as well as the management of domestic professional and amateur competitions, including the Bangladesh Football League.

The BFF became a member of the Asian Football Confederation (AFC) in 1973, and three years later, they became a member of the FIFA in 1976. BFF is also a founding member of the South Asian Football Federation (SAFF). Headquartered at the BFF Bhaban in Motijheel, Dhaka, the federation governs all aspects of the sport, from grassroots development to international representation, and is currently led by President Tabith Awal.
Barrow Duck-In
The Barrow Duck-In was a civil disobedience event that occurred in Utqiaġvik, Alaska (known as Barrow from 1901 to 2016), in the spring of 1961. During the Duck-in, the Iñupiat protested a federal hunting ban on ducks, which threatened their livelihood and rights to food security. The Alaskan North Slope is a remote and rural area, and many residents rely on seasonal bird hunts for sustenance. A series of attempts to regulate Iñupiat subsistence by federal and international entities led to the Duck-in, in which over one-hundred Iñupiaq residents of Utqiaġvik protested waterfowl regulations in the area. The Duck-in is considered a seminal protest, as it had significant influence over future subsistence regulation and Native claims laws in Alaska, such as the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act (ANCSA).

Iñupiat
The Inupiat (singular: Iñupiaq), also known as Alaskan Inuit, are a group of Alaska Natives whose traditional territory roughly spans northeast from Norton Sound on the Bering Sea to the northernmost part of the Canada–United States border. Their current communities include 34 villages across Iñupiat Nunaat (Iñupiaq lands), including seven Alaskan villages in the North Slope Borough, affiliated with the Arctic Slope Regional Corporation; eleven villages in Northwest Arctic Borough; and sixteen villages affiliated with the Bering Straits Regional Corporation. They often claim to be the first people of the Kauwerak.
Seventh Lake
Seventh Lake is located near Inlet, New York. It is part of the Fulton Chain Lakes. The outlet flows through a channel into Sixth Lake and the main inlet flows through a creek from Eighth Lake. Fish species present in the lake are brown trout, lake whitefish, lake trout, smelt, landlocked salmon, rainbow trout, white sucker, black bullhead, yellow perch, and pumpkinseed sunfish. There is a state owned hard surface ramp of NY-28, 3 miles east of Inlet with parking for 20 trucks and trailers.

Pumpkinseed
The pumpkinseed (Lepomis gibbosus), also referred to as sun perch, pond perch, common sunfish, punkie, sunfish, sunny, and kivver, is a small to medium–sized freshwater fish of the genus Lepomis (true sunfishes), from the sunfish family (Centrarchidae) in the order Centrarchiformes. It is endemic to eastern North America.
Tylor Megill
Tylor J. Megill (born July 28, 1995) nicknamed "Big Drip", is an American professional baseball pitcher for the New York Mets of Major League Baseball (MLB). He made his MLB debut in 2021. Megill pitched five innings of a combined no-hitter on April 29, 2022.

Doubleheader (baseball)
In the sport of baseball, a doubleheader is a set of two games played between the same two teams on the same day. Historically, doubleheaders have been played in immediate succession, in front of the same crowd. Contemporarily, the term is also used to refer to two games played between two teams in a single day in front of different crowds and not in immediate succession.

The record for the most doubleheaders played by a major-league team in one season is 44 by the Chicago White Sox in 1943. Between September 4 and September 15, 1928, the Boston Braves played nine consecutive doubleheaders – 18 games in 12 days.
The Vision of Saint Anthony of Padua
The Vision of Saint Anthony of Padua is the name of the following paintings:

The Vision of Saint Anthony of Padua (Murillo), a 1656 oil-on-canvas painting by Bartolomé Esteban Murillo

The Vision of Saint Anthony of Padua (Pittoni), a 1730 oil-on-canvas painting by Giambattista Pittoni

The Vision of Saint Anthony of Padua (Murillo)
The Vision of Saint Anthony of Padua is a 1656 oil on canvas painting by Bartolomé Esteban Murillo, commissioned by the chapter of Seville Cathedral as the altarpiece for its chapel of Saint Anthony of Padua, where it still hangs. It replaced an altarpiece by Bernardo Simón de Pineda.
SpVgg Plattling
The SpVgg Plattling is a German association football club from the town of Plattling, Bavaria.

From 1950 onwards, the club has played for many seasons in the third division Fußball-Bayernliga, the last time in 1994. The club spent all 24 seasons at this level and was promoted to the league on six occasions. When not playing in the Bayernliga, Plattling spent most of its time after 1963 in the Landesliga Bayern-Mitte but was relegated from this league, too in 1995 and has since not been able to return to this level. The club has also qualified for the German Cup on four occasions, reaching the third round in 1992–93 as its best result.

2. Amateurliga Bayern
The 2. Amateurliga Bayern was a set of eleven regional leagues in Bavaria existing from 1951 to 1963 as the fourth tier of football in the state.

The leagues were disbanded in 1963, when the German football league system was reorganised with the introduction of the Bundesliga and replaced by the Landesligas.
67th NHK Kōhaku Uta Gassen
The 67th NHK Kōhaku Uta Gassen (第67回NHK紅白歌合戦) was the 67th edition of NHK's Kōhaku Uta Gassen, held on December 31, 2016, live from NHK Hall from 19:15 (JST) to 23:45 (JST), with a 5-minute break for the latest news. This is the 28th Heisei Era edition. The broadcast schedule was announced on September 8. The Red Team won this event.

The next year's theme was: 夢を歌おう ("Yume o Utaō", "Let's Sing a Dream"). For the last time, Masaaki Hirao conducted "Hotaru no Hikari", seven months before his death on July 21, 2017.

Sanada Maru (TV series)
Sanada Maru (真田丸) is a 2016 Japanese historical drama television series and the 55th NHK taiga drama. The series is named after the Sanada Maru, a fortification defended by Sanada during the Siege of Osaka in 1615. Written by Kōki Mitani, it stars Masato Sakai as the samurai Sanada Nobushige. It premiered on January 10, 2016 and concluded on December 18, 2016.

Due to declining viewership for taiga dramas in recent years, NHK strengthened its marketing push for Sanada Maru as compared with its previous taiga dramas.
Ermenek
Ermenek is a town in Karaman Province in the Mediterranean region of Turkey. It is the seat of Ermenek District. Its population is 11,629 (2022). As ancient Germanicopolis (in Isauria; has namesakes), a former bishopric, it remains a Latin Catholic titular see.

Diocese of Regensburg
The Diocese of Regensburg (Latin: Dioecesis Ratisbonensis; German: Bistum Regensburg) is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church with its episcopal see based in Regensburg, Germany. Its district covers parts of northeastern Bavaria; it is subordinate to the archbishop of Munich and Freising. As of 2014, the diocese had 1.20 million Catholics, constituting 70% of its total population. The current bishop is Rudolf Voderholzer. The main diocesan church is Saint Peter in Regensburg. The diocese is divided into eight regions and 33 deaneries with 769 parishes. It covers an area of 14,665 km2.
Marshall University
Marshall University is a public research university in Huntington, West Virginia, United States.  It was founded in 1837 and is named after John Marshall, the fourth chief justice of the United States. The university is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity".

Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education
The Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education, or simply the Carnegie Classification, is a framework for classifying colleges and universities in the United States. It was created in 1970 by the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching. It is managed by the American Council on Education.

The framework primarily serves educational and research purposes, where it is often important to identify groups of roughly comparable institutions. The classification generally focuses on types of degrees awarded and related level of activity such as research. The classification includes all accredited, degree-granting colleges and universities in the United States that are represented in the National Center for Education Statistics' Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS).
Hamazasp Babadzhanian
Hamazasp Khachaturi Babadzhanian or Babajanian (Armenian: Համազասպ Խաչատուրի Բաբաջանյան; Russian: Амазасп Хачатурович Бабаджанян, romanized: Amazasp Khachaturovich Babadzhanyan; 18 February 1906 – 1 November 1977) was a Soviet military officer of Armenian origin who held the rank of Chief Marshal of the Armoured Troops. He was a recipient of the Hero of the Soviet Union (1944).

1st Ukrainian Front
The 1st Ukrainian Front (Russian: Пéрвый Украи́нский фронт), previously the Voronezh Front (Воронежский Фронт), was a major formation of the Red Army during World War II, being equivalent to a Western army group. They took part in the capture of Berlin, the capital of Nazi Germany.