hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kalanchoe marmorata
Kalanchoe marmorata, commonly known as the penwiper or spotted kalanchoe, is a species of flowering plant in the family Crassulaceae. It is a succulent perennial native to parts of central and East Africa, including the Democratic Republic of the Congo (formerly Zaire), Ethiopia, Sudan, Somalia, Kenya, Rwanda, and Tanzania.

The plant typically grows as an erect or decumbent shrub-like succulent to about 40 cm (16 in) in cultivation, but may reach up to 1.2 m (3.9 ft) in its natural habitat. It has fleshy, obovate to elliptic, glaucous leaves marked with irregular purple or brown blotches, giving a distinctive marbled appearance. Older plants often lose their lower leaves, leaving bare stems. The flowers are produced in upright inflorescences in late winter to spring and are star-shaped, white, and four-petalled, sometimes tinged with pale pink.

Glaucous
Glaucous (from Latin  glaucus, from Ancient Greek  γλαυκός (glaukós) 'blue-green, blue-grey') is used to describe the pale grey or bluish-green appearance of the surfaces of some plants, as well as in the names of birds, such as the glaucous gull (Larus hyperboreus), glaucous-winged gull (Larus glaucescens), glaucous macaw (Anodorhynchus glaucus), and glaucous tanager (Thraupis glaucocolpa).

The term glaucous is also used botanically as an adjective to mean "covered with a greyish, bluish, or whitish waxy coating or bloom that is easily rubbed off" (e.g. glaucous leaves).

The first recorded use of glaucous as a color name in English was in the year 1671.
Biira
Biira is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Beatrice Biira, Ugandan human rights activist, subject of Beatrice's Goat

Joy Doreen Biira (born 1986), Ugandan journalist and communications consultant

Beatrice's Goat
Beatrice's Goat is a 2001 children's story book based on the true account of Beatrice Biira, an impoverished Ugandan girl whose life is transformed by the gift of a goat from the nonprofit world hunger organization Heifer International. The picture book, written by Page McBrier and illustrated by Lori Lohstoeter, shows how the arrival of the goat sustains the family, and allows Beatrice to achieve her dream of attending school.

In an afterword, Hillary Clinton writes, "Beatrice’s Goat is a heartwarming reminder that families, wherever they live, can change their lives for the better." A portion of the proceeds from the sale of the book support Heifer International.

The book received a Christopher Award and made Tennessee's Volunteer State Book Award Master List.

The true account was covered by 60 Minutes in 2005.

Beatrice Biira graduated from Connecticut College in 2008.
Betamethadol
Betamethadol (INN), or β-methadol, also known as betametadol, is a synthetic opioid analgesic. It is an isomer of dimepheptanol (methadol), the other being alphamethadol (α-methadol). Betamethadol is composed of two isomers itself, L-β-methadol, and D-β-methadol. Based on structure-activity relationships it can be inferred that both isomers are likely to be active as opioid analgesics, similarly to those of betacetylmethadol (β-acetylmethadol).

Structure–activity relationship
The structure–activity relationship (SAR) is the relationship between the chemical structure of a molecule and its biological activity. This idea was first presented by Alexander Crum Brown and Thomas Richard Fraser at least as early as 1868.

The analysis of SAR enables the determination of the chemical group responsible for evoking a target biological effect in the organism. This allows modification of the effect or the potency of a bioactive compound (typically a drug) by changing its chemical structure. Medicinal chemists use the techniques of chemical synthesis to insert new chemical groups into the biomedical compound and test the modifications for their biological effects.

This method was refined to build mathematical relationships between the chemical structure and the biological activity, known as quantitative structure–activity relationships (QSAR). A related term is structure affinity relationship (SAFIR).
Hujariyya
Hujariyya (Arabic: حجرية, romanized: Ḥujariyya, lit. 'Men of the Chambers') can refer to:

Al-Hujariah, region in Yemen

Hujariyya (Abbasid troops), an elite cavalry corps of the late Abbasid Caliphate

Hujariyya (Fatimid Caliphate), a palace military academy, later expanded to an elite corps, of the Fatimid Caliphate

Hujariyya (Fatimid Caliphate)
The Hujariyya (Arabic: حجرية, romanized: Ḥujariyya, lit. 'Men of the Chambers') were a special training corps in the Fatimid army, expanded to an elite cavalry corps of 3,000–5,000 men at the turn of the 12th century.
8mm (film)
8mm is a 1999 crime thriller film directed by Joel Schumacher and written by Andrew Kevin Walker. A German–American co-production, the film stars Nicolas Cage as a private investigator who delves into the world of snuff films. Joaquin Phoenix, James Gandolfini, Peter Stormare, and Anthony Heald appear in supporting roles.

Despite being selected for the Golden Bear and receiving standing ovations from audiences at the Berlin International Film Festival, the film received mostly negative reviews from critics due to its excessively violent and disturbing content. However, it was a moderate box office success.

Anthony Heald
Anthony Heald (born August 25, 1944) is an American character actor known for portraying Hannibal Lecter's jailer, Dr. Frederick Chilton, in The Silence of the Lambs (1991) and Red Dragon (2002), and for playing vice principal Scott Guber in David E. Kelley's Boston Public (2000–2004). Heald also had a recurring role as Judge Cooper on Kelley's The Practice and Boston Legal. He had a prominent role as a troubled psychic in The X-Files episode "Closure".
James St. Ledger
James St. Ledger (1754–1834) was Archdeacon of Cloyne from 1789 until 1810.

St. Ledger was born in Cork and educated at Trinity College, Dublin  He held incumbencies at Gortroe and Castletown. There is a memorial to him at the Church of St Swithin, Bath.

Gortroe
52°39′50″N 8°28′08″W﻿ / ﻿52.664°N 8.469°W﻿ / 52.664; -8.469

Gortroe (Irish: An Gort Rua) is a civil parish in the historical barony of Barrymore in County Cork, Ireland. In 1834, during the Tithe War, the Gortroe massacre took place in the area. The village of Bartlemy is within Gortroe civil parish.
Frank Edward Stubbs
Frank Edward Stubbs VC (12 March 1888 – 25 April 1915) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

Stubbs was 27 years old, and a sergeant in the 1st Battalion, Lancashire Fusiliers, British Army during the First World War. He was killed in action on 25 April 1915 while landing on W Beach in Cape Helles, Gallipoli, Turkey.

Stubbs was one of the six members of the regiment elected for the award by the survivors.  These were hailed in the press as 'six VC's before breakfast', and the commander of the Allied troops at Gallipoli, General Ian Hamilton ordered that the beach be renamed 'Lancashire Landing'.

The other five of the '6 VCs before breakfast' were awarded to Cuthbert Bromley, John Elisha Grimshaw, William Kenealy, Alfred Joseph Richards and Richard Raymond Willis.

Ian Hamilton (British Army officer)
General Sir Ian Standish Monteith Hamilton, GCB, GCMG, DSO, TD (16 January 1853 – 12 October 1947) was a senior British Army officer who had an extensive British Imperial military career in the Victorian and Edwardian eras. Hamilton was twice recommended for the Victoria Cross, but on the first occasion was considered too young, and on the second too senior. He was wounded in action at the Battle of Majuba during the First Boer War, which rendered his left hand permanently injured. Near the end of his career, he commanded the Mediterranean Expeditionary Force in the Gallipoli campaign of the First World War.
Vids
Vids (also known as Vidz) is a late-night, humorous video review show that was hosted by Nigel Buckland and Stef Gardiner.

The show was produced by Ideal World Productions for Channel 4 in the UK, and aired as part of Channel 4's overnight programming schedule, 4 Later.

Series 1 & 2 was directed by Darren Bender.

In 2012, a Vidz podcast was announced, but only one episode was released.

Darren Bender
Darren Bender became known in the UK TV industry for creating several long-running new film-maker's initiatives (Coming Up & The Other Side) at broadcaster Channel 4. As commissioning editor there, he encouraged over one hundred drama and documentary film makers to make films inexpensively and often experimentally for late night slots on Channel 4. After a spell as head of production at one of the regional branches of the UK Film Council, he set up Bigger Pictures, his independent television and film production company. His first feature film Exhibit A was released in 2010 and won Best UK Feature at the Raindance Film Festival. He made a variety of television content, including for Sky3D (Sky UK), before closing Bigger Pictures in 2014 to be a full time parent.

In 2021, he returned to filmmaking by producing, writing and directing the indie film Ferryman, which has won several awards at film festivals.
Institute for European Environmental Policy
Institute for European Environmental Policy (IEEP) is an independent, not-for-profit think tank analysing and developing environmental policy in Europe and beyond. The institute is based in Brussels with a branch office in London and a network of partners in other countries, particularly members of the EU. These include universities, environmental and professional associations in a range of sectors, research institutes and consultancies. IEEP works on both pressing short-term questions and long-term strategic studies.

Not-for-profit organization
A not-for-profit organisation (NFPO) is a legal entity that does not distribute surplus funds to its members and is formed to fulfill specific objectives.

While not-for-profit organizations and nonprofit organizations (NPO) are distinct legal entities, the terms are sometimes used interchangeably. An NFPO must be differentiated from a NPO as they are not formed explicitly for the public good as an NPO must be, and NFPOs are considered "recreational organizations", meaning that they do not operate with the goal of generating revenue as opposed to NPOs.
Foshan West Railway Station (Foshan Metro)
Foshan West Railway Station (Chinese: 佛山西站; pinyin: Fóshānxī Zhàn; Cantonese Yale: Fahtsāan Sāi Jaahm) is a station on Line 3 of Foshan Metro, located in Foshan's Nanhai District underneath Foshan West railway station. It opened on 23 August 2024.

Yale romanization of Cantonese
The Yale romanization of Cantonese was developed by Yale scholar Gerard P. Kok for his and Parker Po-fei Huang's textbook Speak Cantonese initially circulated in looseleaf form in 1952 but later published in 1958. Unlike the Yale romanization of Mandarin, it is still widely used in books and dictionaries, especially for foreign learners of Cantonese. It shares some similarities with Hanyu Pinyin in that unvoiced, unaspirated consonants are represented by letters traditionally used in English and most other European languages to represent voiced sounds. For example, [p] is represented as b in Yale, whereas its aspirated counterpart, [pʰ] is represented as p. Students attending the Chinese University of Hong Kong's New-Asia Yale-in-China Chinese Language Center are taught using Yale romanization.

Some enthusiasts employ Yale romanisation to explore writing Cantonese as an alphabetic language.
Ron Smith (television)
Ron Smith (born July 8, 1966) is an American director, voice actor and animator. He has been the voice of Kevin in 3-2-1 Penguins and worked as an assistant engineer on RoboCop: Alpha Commando and a character animator on G.I. Joe: Valor vs. Venom.

Currently working on the Angel Studios project, The Wingfeather Saga (based on the book series by Andrew Peterson).

G.I. Joe: Valor vs. Venom
G.I. Joe: Valor vs. Venom is a 2004 American animated military science fiction action film. The film is a sequel to G.I. Joe: Spy Troops (2003). It was released in 2004 by Reel FX Creative Studios and distributed by Paramount Home Entertainment. Like Spy Troops, the film was written around the theme of the toys released that year. In this case, it was Valor vs. Venom which introduced a new villain group, Cobra’s V-Troops. most of the voice actors reprised their roles, with new additions including Kevan Ohtsji as Kamakura and Slice, Brian Drummond as Slash and The President, Andy Toth as Dusty (replacing Alessandro Juliani), Venus Terzo as Jinx, Frank Salazar as Venomous Maximus, Trevor Devall as Wild Weasel and Lee Tockar as Beach Head (replacing Matt Hill).
Phocis (constituency)
The Phocis electoral constituency (Greek: Εκλογική περιφέρεια Φωκίδας) is a parliamentary constituency of Greece. As a single-member district it elects one member to the Hellenic Parliament. Its current representative is Ioannis Bougas from New Democracy.

Hellenic Parliament
37°58′31″N 23°44′13″E﻿ / ﻿37.97528°N 23.73694°E﻿ / 37.97528; 23.73694

The Parliament of the Hellenes (Greek: Βουλή των Ελλήνων, romanized: Voulí ton Ellínon), commonly known as the Hellenic Parliament (Greek: Ελληνικό Κοινοβούλιο, romanized: Ellinikó Koinovoúlio), is the unicameral legislature of Greece, located in the Old Royal Palace, overlooking Syntagma Square in Athens. The parliament is the supreme democratic institution that represents the citizens through an elected body of Members of Parliament (MPs).

It is a unicameral legislature of 300 members, elected for a four-year term. From 1844–1863 and from 1927–1935, the parliament was bicameral with an upper house (the Senate; Greek: Γερουσία, romanized: Gerousía) and a lower house (the Chamber of Deputies; Βουλή των Αντιπροσώπων, Voulí ton Antiprosópon). Several important Greek statesmen have served as the speaker of the Hellenic Parliament.
Davis Love Jr.
Davis Milton Love Jr. (September 19, 1935 – November 14, 1988) was an American professional golfer. He finished tied for sixth place in the 1969 Open Championship and was the father of tour pro Davis Love III.

Love played college golf at the University of Texas in Austin under head coach Harvey Penick and spent most of his professional career as a golf pro and teaching professional.

Love was among four killed in a private plane crash while approaching Jacksonville International Airport through fog. He was inducted into the Georgia Golf Hall of Fame in 1991.

1969 Open Championship
The 1969 Open Championship was the 98th Open Championship, held from 9–12 July at the Royal Lytham & St Annes Golf Club in Lytham St Annes, England. Tony Jacklin won the first of his two major championships, two strokes ahead of Bob Charles.

Jacklin was the first Briton to win The Open since 1951, and it was another sixteen years until the next, Sandy Lyle in 1985.

It was the fifth Open Championship at Lytham & St Annes, which has hosted eleven times, most recently in 2012.
Rowland Fothergill
Rowland Fothergill (1794- 19 September 1871) was an ironmaster in South Wales, whose main industrial interests lay in the Aberdare district. He was High Sheriff of Glamorgan in 1850.

He was the son of Richard Fothergill.

Prior to acquiring property in the Aberdare Valley, Fothergill already owned successful works at Tredegar and at Pont-hir near Chepstow. He took over the Abernant Ironworks in 1819 and four years later he took over the management of the Aberdare Iron Company's works at Llwydcoed. He eventually purchased these works outright in 1846.

In due course, Fothergill's industrial interests were inherited by his nephew, Richard Fothergill.

Tredegar
Tredegar (/trəˈdiːɡər/; Welsh: [trɛˈdeːɡar] ⓘ) is a town and community situated on the banks of the Sirhowy River in the county borough of Blaenau Gwent, in the southeast of Wales. Within the historic boundaries of Monmouthshire, it became an early centre of the Industrial Revolution in Wales. The relevant wards (Tredegar Central and West, Sirhowy and Georgetown) collectively listed the town's population as 15,103 in the UK 2011 census.
Kerry Home Industrial School for Protestant Boys
Kerry Home Industrial School for Protestant Boys was an Irish industrial school for protestant boys, Princes Quay (Street), in Tralee, County Kerry, founded in 1872. The Rev. Raymond Orpen, the Rector of Tralee (and future Bishop of Limerick, Ardfert and Aghadoe) was the manager of the school.  The school was managed in connection with the  Board of National Education, and subject to the District Inspector of the Board, E. Dowling, esq. As well as school subjects and music, boys were taught tailoring and knitting.

In 1885 when the school was closed, boys were transferred to the Meath Protestant Industrial School for Boys in Blackrock, Dublin.

Raymond Orpen
Christianity portal

Raymond d’Audemar Orpen (31 August 1837 – 9 January 1930) was an Irish cleric in the 20th century.

He was a curate at Rathronan and then Adare before becoming the Incumbent of Tralee. He was Archdeacon of Ardfert until his ordination to the episcopate as Bishop of Limerick, Ardfert and Aghadoe in 1907. He retired in 1921.

In 1903 he helped to create the Guild of Witness (later the Irish Guild of Witness) with lay missionary Rosamond Stephen.
Songkhram River
The Songkhram River (Thai: แม่น้ำสงคราม, RTGS: Maenam Songkhram, pronounced [mɛ̂ː.náːm sǒŋ.kʰrāːm]; Northeastern Thai: แม่น้ำสงคราม, pronounced [mɛ̄ː.nȁːm sǒŋ.kâːm]) is a tributary of the Mekong River. It originates in the hills between Nong Han District, Udon Thani Province and Sawang Daen Din District, Sakon Nakhon Province. It flows through Seka District (Nong Khai Province), Wanon Niwat (Sakon Nakhon Province), and Si Songkhram District and empties into the Mekong River in tambon Chai Buri, Tha Uthen District, Nakhon Phanom Province. It is 420 kilometres (260 mi) long.

The Songkhram is one of the more important but lesser known rivers in Thailand's northeast. It is the last Mekong tributary in Thailand free of developments blocking river flow. Fish can swim freely into the Songkhram River from the Mekong and use it as a spawning ground. This replenishes the fish stocks that are an indispensable food source for inhabitants of the Mekong region.

Wanon Niwat district
Wanon Niwat (Thai: วานรนิวาส, pronounced [wāː.nɔ̄ːn ní(ʔ).wâːt]; Northeastern Thai: วานรนิวาส, pronounced [wâː.nɔ̂ːn nì(ʔ).wâːt]) is a district (amphoe) in the northern part of Sakon Nakhon province, northeast Thailand.
Huggins Lake
Huggins Lake is a small lake north-northeast of Beaverkill in Delaware County, New York. It drains south via Huggins Hollow which flows into Beaver Kill. The lake was the site of Indian Ridge, a Boy Scout summer camp managed remotely by Camden County Council, New Jersey, and in operation between 1962 and 1985. Indian Ridge was considered a primitive camp, with no cabins or dining hall. The scouts and staff slept in wall tents: the only structure was a walk-in refrigerator, the concrete pad of which is still visible east of the outlet end of the lake.

Delaware County, New York
Delaware County is a county located in the US state of New York. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 44,308.  The county seat is Delhi. The county is named after the Delaware River, which was named in honor of Thomas West, 3rd Baron De La Warr, appointed governor of Virginia in 1609. The county is part of the Southern Tier region of the state.
Duw
Duw or DUW may be:

DUW, the name of a series of watches by German company Nomos Glashütte

duw, the ISO 639-3 code of the Dusun Witu language of Indonesia

DÜW, the station code for train station Landkreis Bad Dürkheim, Bad Dürkheim, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany; see List of railway stations in Rhineland-Palatinate

Dusun Witu language
Dusun Witu, or Witu, is a language spoken by the Dusun Witu people of Borneo specifically in Kalimantan Tengah Province, South Barito regency, near Pendang and Buntokecil towns; south of Muarateweh town in Indonesia. It is closely related to the Malagasy language spoken in Madagascar.
East Kilbride F.C.
East Kilbride Football Club is a semi-professional football club based in East Kilbride, South Lanarkshire, Scotland. They are members of Scottish League Two, the fourth tier of the Scottish football league system.

Formed in 2010 with the intention of bringing senior football to one of Scotland's largest towns, the club initially competed in amateur football before becoming one of the founder members of the Lowland League in 2013. The club became a full member of the Scottish Football Association (SFA) in 2014, entitling them to automatic entry to the Scottish Cup. East Kilbride became a member of the Scottish Professional Football League in 2025 after winning the Pyramid play-offs.

South Lanarkshire
South Lanarkshire (Scots: Sooth Lanrikshire; Scottish Gaelic: Siorrachd Lannraig a Deas) is one of 32 unitary authorities of Scotland. It borders the south-east of the Glasgow City council area and contains some of Greater Glasgow's suburban towns, as well as many rural towns and villages. It also shares borders with Dumfries and Galloway, East Ayrshire, East Renfrewshire, North Lanarkshire, the Scottish Borders and West Lothian. It includes most of the historic county of Lanarkshire.

The administrative centre of South Lanarkshire is Hamilton, with the seat of the local authority, South Lanarkshire Council, located at Lanark County Buildings.
Suru, Estonia
Suru is a village in Kuusalu Parish, Harju County in northern Estonia. It lies on the Valgejõgi River.

About half of the village territory, east of Valgejõgi is occupied by Keskpolügoon, the central training area of the Estonian Defence Forces.

Harju County
Harju County (Estonian: Harju maakond or Harjumaa) is one of the fifteen counties of Estonia. It is located in northern Estonia, on the southern coast of the Gulf of Finland, and it borders Lääne-Viru County to the east, Järva County to the southeast, Rapla County to the south, and Lääne County to the southwest. The capital and largest city of Estonia, Tallinn, is located in Harju County. Harju is the largest county in Estonia in terms of population, as almost half (45%) of Estonia's population lives in Harju County.
Montreal International Reggae Festival
The Montreal Reggae Festival is a reggae (music) festival held annually at the Old Port of Montreal, during the 2nd weekend of July.

Founded in 2004, by Eric Blagrove (President: 2004–present), Ricardo Forbes (Vice-President: 2004–2008), and Cezar Brumeanu (Producer: 2004–2008), the Montreal Reggae Fest was a three-day weekend-long, three stage event.

The 2014 festival will include performances from Sean Paul, Demarco, I-Octane, Maxi Priest, Sanchez, Marcia Griffiths, and Percy Sledge

The festival took a hiatus in 2018 and is expected to be back in 2019.

Maxi Priest
Max Alfred Elliott (born 10 June 1961), known by his stage name Maxi Priest, is a British reggae vocalist of Jamaican descent. He is best known for singing reggae music with an R&B influence, otherwise known as reggae fusion. He was one of the first international artists to have success in this genre, and one of the most successful reggae fusion acts of all time.