hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Eileen Krige
Eileen Jensen Krige (12 November 1904 – 1995) was a prominent South African social anthropologist noted for her research on Zulu and Lovedu cultures. Together with Hilda Kuper and Monica Wilson, she produced substantial works on the Nguni peoples of Southern Africa. Apart from her research she is considered to be one of the 'pioneering mothers' of the University of Natal, Durban, South Africa, where she taught from 1948 until retirement in 1970. She inspired many women to devote themselves to research. Krige is also associated with a group of South African anthropologists who were strongly against the segregation policies of apartheid in South Africa. These include amongst others, Isaac Schapera, Winifred Hoernlé, Hilda Kuper, Monica Wilson, Audrey Richards and Max Gluckman.

Zulu people
Zulu people (/ˈzuːluː/; Zulu: amaZulu) are a native people of Southern Africa of the Nguni. The Zulu people are the largest ethnic group and nation in South Africa, living mainly in the province of KwaZulu-Natal.

They originated from Nguni communities who took part in the Bantu migrations over millennia. As the clans integrated, the rulership of Shaka brought success to the Zulu nation due to his improved military tactics and organization.

Zulus take pride in their ceremonies such as the Umhlanga, or Reed Dance, and their various forms of beadwork.

The art and skill of beadwork take part in the identification of Zulu people and act as a form of communication and dedication to the nation and specific traditions. Today, the Zulu people are predominantly Christian, but have created a syncretic religion that is combined with the Zulu's prior belief systems.
Unterharz
Unterharz is a former Verwaltungsgemeinschaft ("collective municipality") in the district of Harz, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It was situated in the eastern part of the Harz, south of Quedlinburg. The seat of the Verwaltungsgemeinschaft was in Harzgerode. It was disbanded on 1 August 2009.

The Verwaltungsgemeinschaft Unterharz consisted of the following municipalities:

Dankerode

Güntersberge

Harzgerode

Königerode

Neudorf

Schielo

Siptenfelde

Straßberg

51°39′N 11°09′E﻿ / ﻿51.650°N 11.150°E﻿ / 51.650; 11.150

Neudorf, Saxony-Anhalt
Neudorf (German pronunciation: [ˈnɔʏdɔʁf], lit. 'New Village') is a village and a former municipality in the district of Harz, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany.

On 1 September 2010 Neudorf was incorporated into Harzgerode.
Cliff (surname)
Cliff is an English surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alfred Cliff (1878–1966), English amateur cricketer

Clarice Cliff (1899–1972), British ceramic artist

Dave Cliff (born 1944), British jazz musician

Ian Cliff (born 1952), British diplomat

Jimmy Cliff, stage name of Jamaican reggae singer and musician James Chambers (1944–2025)

John Cliff (trade unionist) (1883–1977), British transport executive

John Cliff (actor) (1918–2001), American actor

John MacFarlane Cliff (1921–1972), British physician

Leslie Cliff (figure skater) (1908–1969), British pair skater

Leslie Cliff (swimmer) (born 1955), Canadian swimmer

Michelle Cliff (1946–2016), Jamaican-American author

Nigel Cliff (born 1969), English historian, biographer and critic

Norman Cliff (born 1930), American psychology professor

Tony Cliff (1917–2000), Jewish Trotskyist activist

Tony Cliff
Tony Cliff (born Yigael Glückstein, Hebrew: יגאל גליקשטיין; 20 May 1917 – 9 April 2000) was a Trotskyist activist. Born to a Jewish family in Ottoman Palestine, he moved to Britain in 1947 and by the end of the 1950s had assumed the pen name of Tony Cliff. A founding member of the Socialist Review Group, which became the International Socialists and then the Socialist Workers Party, in 1977. Cliff was effectively the leader of all three.
Big Bulls
The Big Bulls are a set of seven large statues of bulls that decorate the city of Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia. The set is regarded as one of Australia's big things and is intended to reinforce Rockhampton's claim to being the Beef Capital of Australia.  Initially there were two bull statues but over time others were added reaching a total of seven. Five of the bulls were created by sculptor Hugh Anderson.

The theft of the testicles from the bulls is a common prank and they frequently have to be replaced.  Some residents also feel that the bull statues overemphasise one aspect of the city and should be relocated to less prominent locations. However, there is strong public support for the retention of the bulls.

Bull
A bull is an intact (i.e., not castrated) adult male of the species Bos taurus (cattle). More muscular and aggressive than the females of the same species (i.e. cows proper), bulls have long been an important symbol in many religions, including for sacrifices. These animals play a significant role in beef ranching, dairy farming, and a variety of sporting and cultural activities, including bullfighting and bull riding.
Battle of Cambrils
The Battle of Cambrils or the Massacre of Cambrils took place in December 1640 during the Reapers' War.

The revolt had started in May–June 1640 and as a reaction the Spanish Army had occupied Tortosa in Catalonia in September. On 8 December a large army under Pedro Fajardo de Zúñiga y Requesens headed for Barcelona, passing through Cambrils.

Here, a small force of Catalan rebels attempted to ambush this much larger force, before withdrawing into the town and attempting to defend it. After several days of bombardment and heavy fighting the Spanish captured the town. 
When the defenders tried to surrender, some 700 of them were massacred. The three leaders were quickly tried and executed on the garrote. The next day, more people were hanged and the city was sacked.
The Spanish army then continued in the direction of Barcelona, taking Tarragona on 24 December. Later this army was decisively defeated in the Battle of Montjuïc on 23 January.

Garrote
A garrote (/ɡəˈrɒt, ɡəˈroʊt/ gə-RO(H)T; alternatively spelled as garotte and similar variants) or garrote vil (Spanish: [ɡaˈrote ˈβil]) is a weapon and a method of capital punishment. It consists of a handheld (or, in later years, sometimes mechanical) ligature of chain, rope, scarf, wire, or fishing line, used to strangle a person.
Seiji Yamada
Seiji Yamada (山田 誠司, Yamada Seiji, born March 19, 1966) is a Japanese ski mountaineer.

Yamada won the first Asian championship of ski mountaineering in 2007. Only the New Zealander Grant Guise topped his time, but did not count in the continental championship ranking because he was not an Asian country national.

Ski mountaineering
Ski mountaineering (abbreviated to skimo) is a skiing discipline that involves climbing mountains either on skis or carrying them, depending on the steepness of the ascent, and then descending on skis. There are two major categories of equipment used: free-heel telemark skis and skis based on alpine skis, where the heel is free for ascents, but is fixed during descent. The discipline may be practiced recreationally or as a competitive sport.

Competitive ski mountaineering is typically a timed racing event that follows an established trail through challenging winter alpine terrain while passing through a series of checkpoints. Racers climb and descend under their own power using backcountry skiing equipment and techniques. More generally, ski mountaineering is an activity that variously combines ski touring, telemark, backcountry skiing, and mountaineering.

Ski mountaineering made its debut as an Olympic Games event in the 2026 Winter Olympics.
Komarivka, Ternopil Raion, Ternopil Oblast
Komarivka (Ukrainian: Комарівка) is a village in Ternopil Raion of Ternopil Oblast, Ukraine. It belongs to Berezhany urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.

Until 18 July 2020, Komarivka belonged to Berezhany Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Ternopil Oblast to three. The area of Berezhany Raion was merged into Ternopil Raion.

Berezhany urban hromada
Berezhany urban hromada (Ukrainian: Бережанська міська територіальна громада, romanized: Berezhanska miska terytorialna hromada) is a hromada of Ukraine, in Ternopil Raion of Ternopil Oblast. Its administrative center is Berezhany. It has a population of 26,259 (2022 estimate)

Until 18 July 2020, the hromada belonged to the city of oblast significance of Berezhany. As part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Ternopil Oblast to three, the city was merged into Ternopil Raion.
Francis Skeat
Francis Walter Skeat (3 December 1909 – 31 August 2000) was an English glass painter who created over 400 stained glass windows in churches and cathedrals, both in England and overseas. Skeat was a Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts, a Fellow of the British Society of Master Glass Painters, and a member of the Art Workers Guild.

British Society of Master Glass Painters
The British Society of Master Glass Painters (BSMGP) is a British trade association for the art and craft of stained glass. Founded in 1921, it is a membership organisation which exists to represent the trade of glass painting and staining in Britain. The founding subscribers included John Hardman, Walter Tower (Kempe & Co), Arthur Powell (James Powell and Sons) and Thomas Grylls (Burlison & Grylls) and Percy Bacon.

BSMGP activities include: lectures, conferences, exhibitions, forums, and guided walks. It also offers publications such as an annual journal and a quarterly newsletter. Additionally, it houses an extensive reference library, available to its members only.

The current president is Prince Richard, Duke of Gloucester.
Gérard Onesta
Gérard Onesta (born 5 August 1960) is a French politician and was Member of the European Parliament for the South West of France.

He is a member of Europe Écologie–The Greens, part of the European Greens. On 20 July 2004 he was re-elected a Member of the European Parliament, and he was elected four times one of its Vice-Presidents. His successor is José Bové.

In March 2010 regional election, he is the leader of Europe Écologie–The Greens in Midi-Pyrénées.

Onesta defines himself as a European federalist, with strong proclivities for regionalism.

Federal Europe
A federal Europe, also referred to as the United States of Europe (USE) or a European federation, is a hypothetical scenario of European integration leading to the formation of a sovereign superstate (similar to the United States), organised as a federation of the member countries of the European Union (EU), as contemplated by political scientists, politicians, geographers, historians, futurologists and fiction writers. At present, while the EU is not officially a federation or even a confederation, most contemporary scholars of federalism view the EU as a federal system, a supranational union, which has a flexible (see right to secession, Article 50 and Brexit) membership and competence delegation.
2024 Tennessee Senate election
The 2024 Tennessee State Senate elections were held on November 5, 2024, to elect 16 of the 33 seats in the Tennessee State Senate. The elections coincided with the Presidential, U.S. Senate, U.S. House, and State House elections. The primary elections were held on August 1, 2024, with the exception of presidential primaries being held on March 5. Tennessee has open primaries, meaning that any voter can choose to vote on either a Republican or Democratic ballot during primary elections.

Following the 2024 elections, no seats changed hands, leaving Tennessee's State Senate delegation at a 27–6 Republican supermajority.

Supermajority
A supermajority is a requirement for a proposal to gain a specified level of support which is greater than the threshold of one-half used for a simple majority, the latter sometimes expressed as a "50% + 1 vote". Supermajority rules in a democracy can help to prevent a majority from eroding fundamental rights of a minority, but can also hamper efforts to respond to problems and encourage corrupt compromises at times when action is taken. Changes to constitutions, especially those with entrenched clauses, commonly require supermajority support in a legislature. In consensus democracy, the supermajority rule is applied in most cases.
Peter Mucklow
Peter Mucklow (born 5 November 1949) is an English former first-class cricketer.

Mucklow was born at Edgbaston in November 1949 and educated at Shrewsbury School. While studying at Trinity College at the University of Oxford, he made two appearances in first-class cricket for Oxford University against Surrey and Middlesex in 1970. He scored 48 runs in these two matches, with a high score of 32. In addition to playing first-class cricket, Mucklow also played minor counties cricket for Shropshire from 1968 and 1969, making ten appearances in the Minor Counties Championship, while playing at club level for Bridgnorth.

Shrewsbury School
Shrewsbury School is a private school in Shrewsbury, Shropshire, England.

It was founded in 1552 by Edward VI by royal charter, to replace the town's Anglo-Saxon collegiate foundations which were disestablished in the sixteenth century. It is one of the seven public schools in the UK subject to the Public Schools Act 1868 and one of the nine schools reviewed by the Clarendon Commission between 1861 and 1864. The school is notable for being the education site of renowned scientist Charles Darwin.

It was originally founded as a boarding school for boys. In 2008, however, girls were accepted in the sixth form. Since 2015 Shrewsbury School has been a co-educational school. As at Michaelmas Term 2023, Shrewsbury School had 842 pupils: 522 boys and 320 girls. The school has seven boys', and five girls' houses. Alumni of the school are known as Old Salopians.

The present school site, to which the school moved in 1882, is on the south bank of the River Severn.
Drink It Down
Drink It Down is a traditional American drinking song found in many variants. The drink varies from stanza to stanza but the common refrain is "Drink it down ! Drink it down !"

In Charles Samuel Elliot's 1870 collection of Yale College songs the refrain goes:

Here's to good old Yale,

drink it down, drink it down, ...

In the version cited by Jack London in The Strange Experience of a Misogynist the refrain goes:

"Here's to the good old whiskey,

For it makes you feel so frisky,

Drink it down ! Drink it down ! Drink it down !""

Elements of the traditional song were used in "Drink It Down", a 1936 song by Ralph Rainger and Leo Robin, first sung in the film Rhythm on the Range (1936) by Leonid Kinskey and Bing Crosby, accompanied by Bob Burns.

Leonid Kinskey
Leonid Kinskey (April 17, 1903 – September 8, 1998) was a Russian-born American film and television actor, best known for his role as Sascha in the film Casablanca (1942). His last name was sometimes spelled Kinsky.
Kairyūyama Teruhisa
Kairyūyama Teruhisa (born Kannojo Aoki; August 28, 1939 - September 10, 1986) was a sumo wrestler from Shōwa, Akita, Japan. He made his professional debut in March 1956 and reached the top division in July 1960. His highest rank was sekiwake. He won eight gold stars against grand champion yokozuna in the course of his career. Upon retirement from active competition he became an elder in the Japan Sumo Association under the name Kiriyama. He left the Sumo Association in December 1980.

Akita Prefecture
Akita Prefecture (秋田県, Akita-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [aꜜ.kʲi̥.ta, a.kʲi̥.taꜜ.keɴ]) is a prefecture of Japan located in the Tōhoku region of Honshu. Its population is estimated 915,691 as of 1 August 2023 and its geographic area is 11,637 km2 (4,493 sq mi). Akita Prefecture is bordered by Aomori Prefecture to the north, Iwate Prefecture to the east, Miyagi Prefecture to the southeast, and Yamagata Prefecture to the south.

Akita is the capital and largest city of Akita Prefecture.  Other major cities include Yokote, Daisen, and Yurihonjō. Akita Prefecture is located on the coast of the Sea of Japan and extends east to the Ōu Mountains, the longest mountain range in Japan, at the border with Iwate Prefecture. Akita Prefecture formed the northern half of the historic Dewa Province with Yamagata Prefecture.
1996 BDO World Darts Championship
The 1996 BDO World Professional Darts Championship (known for sponsorship reasons as the 1996 Embassy World Darts Championship) was held from 1–7 January 1996 at the Lakeside Country Club in Frimley Green, Surrey and was won by the number six seed Steve Beaton.  Beaton, who suffered a first round loss in the previous two World Championships as the number one seed, defeated Co Stompé, 1994 champion John Part, and future champions Martin Adams and Andy Fordham before beating defending champion Richie Burnett 6–3 in sets in the final.

Co Stompé
Jacobus Wilhelmus "Co" Stompé (born 10 September 1962) is a Dutch former professional darts player. He was nicknamed the Matchstick because of his almost bald head and very thin appearance. He was also one of the very few darts professionals who played in long sleeved shirts.
Novosharipovo
Novosharipovo (Russian: Новошарипово; Bashkir: Яңы Шәрип, Yañı Şärip) is a rural locality (a village) in Sokolovsky Selsoviet, Davlekanovsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 59 as of 2010.

Davlekanovsky District
Davlekanovsky District (Russian: Давлека́новский райо́н; Bashkir: Дәүләкән районы, Däwläkän rayonı) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the center of the republic and borders with Blagovarsky and Chishminsky Districts in the north, Karmaskalinsky District in the northeast, Aurgazinsky District in the east, Alsheyevsky District in the south, Belebeyevsky District in the west, and with Buzdyaksky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 1,907 square kilometers (736 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Davlekanovo (which is not administratively a part of the district). As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 18,392.
Alexander Lauterwasser
Alexander Lauterwasser (born 1951 in Überlingen) is a German researcher and photographer who based his work on work done by Ernst Chladni and  Hans Jenny in the field of Cymatics.

In 2002, Lauterwasser published his book Wasser Klang Bilder (Water Sound Images) with imagery of water surfaces set into motion by sound sources ranging from pure sine waves to music by Ludwig van Beethoven, Karlheinz Stockhausen and even overtone chanting.

In 2006, MACROmedia Publishing published the English version of the Lauterwasser book titled Water Sound Images. It is a 176-page hardcover edition with hundreds of color photos, presenting the art, science and mystical side of Cymatics.

In 2012, Lauterwasser's work was featured in the film Inner Worlds Outer Worlds.

Sine wave
A sine wave, sinusoidal wave, or sinusoid (symbol: ∿) is a periodic wave whose waveform (shape) is the trigonometric sine function. In mechanics, as a linear motion over time, this is simple harmonic motion; as rotation, it corresponds to uniform circular motion. Sine waves occur often in physics, including wind waves, sound waves, and light waves, such as monochromatic radiation. In engineering, signal processing, and mathematics, Fourier analysis decomposes general functions into a sum of sine waves of various frequencies, relative phases, and magnitudes.

When any two sine waves of the same frequency (but arbitrary phase) are linearly combined, the result is another sine wave of the same frequency; this property is unique among periodic waves. Conversely, if some phase is chosen as a zero reference, a sine wave of arbitrary phase can be written as the linear combination of two sine waves with phases of zero and a quarter cycle, the sine and cosine components, respectively.
2021–22 Winthrop Eagles men's basketball team
The 2021–22 Winthrop Eagles men's basketball team represented Winthrop University in the 2021–22 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Eagles, led by first-year head coach Mark Prosser, played their home games at the Winthrop Coliseum in Rock Hill, South Carolina as members of the Big South Conference. They finished the season 23–9, 14–2 in Big South play, to finish as Big South South Division champions. As the No. 2 seed in the Big South tournament, they defeated High Point and Gardner–Webb, before falling to Longwood in the championship game.

2021–22 Big South Conference men's basketball season
The 2021–22 Big South Conference men's basketball season started non-conference play on November 9, 2021, and began conference play on January 5, 2022. The regular season ended on February 26, 2022, setting up the 2021–22 Big South Conference men's basketball tournament from March 2 to March 6.
Zachary Bayly (military officer)
Colonel Zachary Stanley Bayly, CMG (1841–1916) was a South African colonial military commander.  He was commissioned in the British Army, and was stationed in the Cape Colony from 1877.

In the 9th Frontier War (1877–1878), he commanded a column in the Transkei, and was in command at the Battle of Umzintzani.  In 1878, he transferred to the colony's new Defence Department, as staff officer responsible for units in Cape Town.  He briefly commanded the city's senior regiment, the Duke of Edinburgh's Own Volunteer Rifles.  In 1879, he transferred to the Cape Mounted Riflemen, and commanded operations in the Morosi campaign that year.  In 1880–1881, he commanded operations in the Basutoland Gun War in Basutoland.

Col Bayly served as Commandant-General of the Cape Colonial Forces from 1882 until he retired in 1892.

Xhosa Wars
The Xhosa Wars were a series of nine wars (from 1779 to 1879) between the Xhosa Kingdom and the British Empire as well as Trekboers from the Dutch colonial empire in what is now the Eastern Cape in South Africa.

Tensions existed between the various Europeans in the Cape region, tensions between Empire administration and colonial governments, and tensions within the Xhosa Kingdom, e.g. chiefs rivaling each other, which usually led to Europeans taking advantage of the situation to meddle in Xhosa politics. A perfect example of this is the case of chief Ngqika and his uncle, chief Ndlambe.

The conflicts between the Xhosa and British were covered extensively in the metropolitan British press, generating increased demand among the British public for information about their country's far-off colonial conflicts.
Wilson Hermosa González
Wilson Hermosa González (1 June 1943 – 12 February 2008) was a Bolivian musician and composer, born near Capinota, in the department of Cochabamba.

Along with his brothers Castel and Gonzalo, and Edgar Villarroel, on 23 June 1971 he founded the Los Kjarkas musical group, which subsequently enjoyed both national and international fame.

Wilson Hermosa's specialty were string instruments, in particular the charango.

He died on 12 February 2008 in Cochabamba following a stroke.

Cochabamba Department
Cochabamba (Aymara: Quchapampa Jach'a Suyu, Spanish: Departamento de Cochabamba pronounced [kotʃaˈβamba] ⓘ, Quechua: Quchapampa Suyu), from Quechua qucha or qhucha, meaning "lake", pampa meaning "plain", is one of the nine departments of Bolivia. It is known to be the breadbasket of the country because of its variety of agricultural products from its geographical position. It has an area of 55,631 km2. Its population in the 2024 census was 2,005,373. Its capital is the city of Cochabamba, known as the "City of Eternal Spring" and "The Garden City" because of its spring-like temperatures all year.