hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fire air
In the history of chemistry, fire air was postulated to be one of two fluids of common air.  This theory was positioned in 1775 by Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele.  In Scheele's Chemical Treatise on Air and Fire he states: "air is composed of two fluids, differing from each other, the one of which does not manifest in the least the property of attracting phlogiston, whilst the other, which composes between the third and fourth part of the whole mass of the air, is peculiarly disposed to such attraction." These two constituents of common air Scheele called Foul Air ("verdorbene Luft") and Fire Air ("Feuerluft"); afterwards these components came to be known as nitrogen and oxygen, respectively.

Phlogiston theory
The phlogiston theory, a superseded scientific theory, postulated the existence of a fire-like  element dubbed phlogiston (/flɒˈdʒɪstən, floʊ-, -ɒn/) contained within combustible bodies and released during combustion. The name comes from the Ancient Greek φλογιστόν phlogistón (burning up), from φλόξ phlóx (flame). The idea of a phlogistic substance was first proposed in 1669 by Johann Joachim Becher and later put together more formally in 1697 by Georg Ernst Stahl. Phlogiston theory attempted to explain chemical processes such as combustion and rusting, now collectively known as  oxidation. The theory was challenged by the concomitant mass increase and was abandoned before the end of the 18th century following experiments by Antoine Lavoisier in the 1770s and by other scientists. Phlogiston theory led to experiments that ultimately resulted in the identification (c. 1771), and naming (1777), of oxygen by Joseph Priestley and Antoine Lavoisier, respectively.
Louise Brough
Althea Louise Brough Clapp (née Brough; March 11, 1923 – February 3, 2014) was an American tennis player. In her career between 1939 and 1959, she won six Grand Slam titles in singles as well as numerous doubles and mixed-doubles titles. At the end of the 1955 tennis season, Lance Tingay of the London Daily Telegraph ranked her world No. 1 for the year.

International Tennis Hall of Fame
The International Tennis Hall of Fame is located in Newport, Rhode Island, United States. It honors both players and other contributors to the sport of tennis. The complex, the former Newport Casino, includes a museum, 13 grass tennis courts, an indoor tennis facility with three courts, three outdoor hard courts, one green clay court, a court tennis facility, and a theatre. The International Tennis Hall of Fame is a non-profit organization with the goal of preserving, celebrating, and inspiring the sport of tennis around the world.

The location was the original home of the U.S. National Championships (now called the US Open), established in 1881. Since 1976, the complex has hosted the Hall of Fame Open, a combined men's and women's event, each year in July.
Bohdan Hora
Bohdan Oleksandrovych Hora (Ukrainian: Богдан Олександрович Гора; born 3 November 2002) is a Ukrainian professional footballer who plays as a left winger for Ukrainian First League club Bukovyna Chernivtsi.

Ukrainian First League
The Persha Liha (Ukrainian: Перша ліга [ˈpɛrʃɐ ˈl⁽ʲ⁾iɦɐ]) or Ukrainian First League is a level of national football competitions (second tier) in Ukraine governed by the Professional Football League at the discretion of the Ukrainian Association of Football. Members of the league also participate in the Ukrainian Cup. The league is the intermediate level within the three-tiered "competition pyramid".
100% Love (soundtrack)
100% Love is the film soundtrack of the 2011 romance film of the same name directed by Sukumar which starred Naga Chaitanya and Tamannaah. The music and background score was composed by Sukumar's regular associate Devi Sri Prasad. The album consisted on 8 songs which included 2 bit songs in the first release and 2 another bit songs in the next release. Chandrabose, Ramajogayya Sastry and Sri Mani penned the Lyrics. The album was released on 2 April 2011 at Rock Gardens in Hyderabad on Aditya Music label. Upon release, 100% Love received positive response from critics.

100% Love (2011 film)
100% Love is a 2011 Indian Telugu-language romantic comedy film directed by Sukumar and produced by Bunny Vasu under the banner Geetha Arts. The film stars Naga Chaitanya and Tamannaah Bhatia with music composed by Devi Sri Prasad. It revolves around Balu and Mahalakshmi, cross-cousins who share a love–hate relationship.

100% Love was theatrically released worldwide on 6 May 2011, and was critically acclaimed. The film was a commercial success and won two Nandi Awards. It was remade in Bengali as Prem Ki Bujhini (2016), and in Tamil as 100% Kadhal (2019).
Dubovice
Dubovice is a municipality and village in Pelhřimov District in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 80 inhabitants.

Dubovice lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi) west of Pelhřimov, 31 km (19 mi) west of Jihlava, and 91 km (57 mi) south-east of Prague.

Vysočina Region
The Vysočina Region (IPA: [ˈvɪsotʃɪna]; Czech: Kraj Vysočina) is an administrative unit (Czech: kraj) of the Czech Republic. Its capital is Jihlava.

The region is located in the central part of the country. It is one of just three in the country (the others being Prague and the Central Bohemian Region) which does not have a border with a foreign country.

The Vysočina Region is home to three UNESCO World Heritage Sites, the most in any region in the Czech Republic.
1968 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship final
The 1968 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship final was the 81st All-Ireland Final and the deciding match of the 1968 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship, an inter-county Gaelic football tournament for the top teams in Ireland.

This was Down's third appearance in an All-Ireland SFC final, and they won all three. It was the third of three All-Ireland SFC titles won by Down in the 1960s, which made them joint "team of the decade" with Galway who also won three.

In 2018, Martin Breheny listed this as the eleventh greatest All-Ireland Senior Football Championship Final.

Martin Breheny
Martin Breheny is an Irish journalist and sportswriter from County Galway. He began his career at The Tuam Herald before moving to The Irish Press in 1979.

Breheny is former Gaelic games correspondent with the Irish Independent, for which he continues to write as of 2025.
LSU-Atletas
KK Atletas (Lithuanian: Kauno rajono Krepšinio Klubas Atletas) is a professional basketball club that is based in Kaunas district, Lithuania. Currently the team plays in the National Basketball League, in the past Atletas participated in the LKL and the Baltic League, before dissolving in 2007 and becoming BC Aisčiai-Atletas. In 2009, the team merged with BC Kaunas Triobet and played with the names of Kaunas, Baltai and LSU-Baltai. In 2013 club was renamed again to LSU-Atletas, which was merged with the NKL champions of the same name. Atletas are multiple time LKL finalists, and were once considered to be one of the strongest teams in Lithuania.

The NBA center Žydrūnas Ilgauskas represented Atletas at the very beginning of his career. Lithuanian basketball star Saulius Štombergas was also a key player of the team back then. Donatas Motiejūnas also played for Atletas (at the time called Aisčiai) during the beginning of his career.

National Basketball League (Lithuania)
The National Basketball League (NKL) (Lithuanian: Nacionalinė krepšinio lyga), also known as 7bet-NKL for sponsorship reasons, is the second-tier basketball minor league in Lithuania. It is placed below the top division Lietuvos krepšinio lyga (LKL). The competition currently consists of 15 teams. The champions of the league have the option to promote to the LKL. However, this rarely happens, as most clubs do not meet the requirements for budget and seating capacity.
1992 Citroën Cup Austrian Ladies Open – Doubles
Bettina Fulco-Villella and Nicole Muns-Jagerman were the defending champions, but lost in the first round to Louise Field and Tracey Morton.

Florencia Labat and Alexia Dechaume won the title by defeating Amanda Coetzer and Wiltrud Probst 6–3, 6–3 in the final.

Amanda Coetzer
Amanda Coetzer (born 22 October 1971) is a South African former professional tennis player. She was ranked as high as world No. 3 by the Women's Tennis Association, achieved in November 1997. Coetzer won nine WTA Tour titles in singles and nine in doubles, and reached three major singles semifinals (at the 1996 and 1997 Australian Opens and the 1997 French Open) and one major doubles final (at the 1993 US Open). Coetzer earned a reputation for regularly beating players who were ranked higher than her. By virtue of scoring so many upset wins in spite of her 5'2" (1.58m) stature, she gained the nickname: "The Little Assassin".
Ernst Berndt
Ernst Helmut Berndt (17 June 1915 – 30 April 1990) was a Sudeten German-Czechoslovak athlete who competed in both track and field and luge. As a hurdler he represented Czechoslovakia at the 1936 Summer Olympics. Berndt was born in Liberec in June 1915. He moved to Lower Saxony after World War II and took up luge. Competing for West Germany, he became the German national champion in 1958 before winning the gold medal in the men's singles event at the 1960 FIL World Luge Championships in Garmisch-Partenkirchen. He died in Seesen in April 1990 at the age of 74.

Seesen
Seesen (German pronunciation: [ˈzeːzn̩] ⓘ) is a town and municipality in the district of Goslar, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated on the northwestern edge of the Harz mountain range, approx. 20 km (12 mi) west of Goslar.
Falcon (G.I. Joe)
Falcon (also known as Lieutenant Falcon) is a fictional character from the G.I. Joe: A Real American Hero toyline, comic books and animated series. He is a member of the Army Special Forces with the G.I. Joe Team and debuted in 1987.

G.I. Joe: A Real American Hero
G.I. Joe: A Real American Hero (also known as Action Force in Finland, Sweden and the UK) is a military-themed line of action figures and toys in Hasbro's G.I. Joe franchise. The toyline lasted from 1982 to 1994, producing well over 500 figures and 250 vehicles and playsets. The line reappeared in 1997 and has continued in one form or another to the present day. It was supported by two animated series as well as a major comic series published by Marvel Comics.

The toyline continues to play a large part in Hasbro's G.I. Joe franchise.
Kurt Barth
Kurt Barth (born August 2, 1975) is an American college football coach. He is an assistant coach for Washington Community High School, a position he has held since 2024. He was the head football coach for Eureka College from 2009 to 2023. He previously coached for Eureka High School and Fieldcrest High School. He played college football for Eureka as a wide receiver before playing professionally for the Duluth-Superior Lumberjacks of the Indoor Football League (IFL) and the Peoria Pirates of af2.

Eureka High School (Illinois)
Eureka High School (commonly called Eureka High or EHS) is a public secondary school in Eureka, Illinois, United States. The school is part of Eureka Community Unit District 140, with admission based primarily on the locations of students' homes. Communities supported include Eureka, Goodfield, Secor, and Congerville. Serving students in grades ninth grade–twelfth grade, it is a small high school with a student base of 504 students. The school is a member of the Heart of Illinois Conference and competes under the name Hornets.
Flag of Mandatory Palestine
During the Mandate period in Palestine, between 1920 and 1948, when Palestine was governed by Britain under terms which were formalised in the League of Nations Mandate for Palestine of July 24, 1922, the de facto flag was the Union Jack or Union Flag of the United Kingdom, but several localised flags existed for Mandate government departments and government officials. The only Palestine-specific flag not restricted to official government use was the Palestine ensign (red with the Union Flag in the canton, and a white circle on the fly with the mandate's name inside it), which was flown by ships registered in the British Mandate territory from 1927 to 1948. It was based on the British Red Ensign (civil ensign) instead of the Blue Ensign (used as the basis for the flags of nearly all other British-ruled territories in Africa and Asia) since it was intended for use only at sea by non-government ships.

Ensign (flag)
An ensign is a maritime flag that is used for the national identification of a ship. It is the largest flag and is generally flown at the stern (rear) of the ship while in port. Depending on the ship's origin, it may sometimes be identical with a jack on the bow of the ship when in a port. Jacks are more common on warships than on merchant ships.
Jock McEwan
John McEwan (16 September 1903 – 10 October 1957) was a Scottish footballer who played as a left half. His only club at the professional level was Kilmarnock, where he spent twelve seasons.

He began his career with local junior teams Darvel and Irvine Meadow before joining Kilmarnock in 1923. He quickly became a regular in the side, and was on the field when Killie won the Scottish Cup in 1929 and finished runners-up after a replay in 1932. He made 395 appearances in the cup and Scottish Football League Division One, and visited North America (the club's first tour overseas) in the summer of 1930.

Irvine Meadow XI F.C.
Irvine Meadow XI Football Club is a Scottish football club, based in Irvine, North Ayrshire. They currently compete in the West of Scotland League First Division. The club's home ground is Meadow Park in central Irvine, and they play in royal blue strips.
Adrian and Natalia of Nicomedia
Adrian of Nicomedia (also known as Hadrian) or Saint Adrian (Greek: Ἁδριανὸς Νικομηδείας, romanized: Adrianos Nikomēdeias, died 4 March 306) was a Herculian Guard of the Roman Emperor Galerius. After becoming a convert to Christianity with his wife Natalia (Ναταλία), Adrian was martyred at Nicomedia in Asia-Minor             (Turkey). Adrian was the chief military saint of Northern Europe for many ages, second only to Saint George, and is much revered in Flanders, Germany and the north of France.

Jovians and Herculians
The Jovians (Latin: Ioviani) and Herculians (Latin: Herculiani) were the senior palatine imperial guard units under the rule of Roman Emperor Diocletian (r. 284–305). They continued in existence thereafter as senior units in the field armies of the Western and Eastern Roman Empires.
Marriott Constantine Hotel
The Marriott Constantine Hotel is a hotel in Constantine, Algeria. It is rated in the 5 stars  international category, and is decorated in an Arabic-Moorish style.

The hotel was renovated in 2018 with the assistance of architects Fabris & Partners of Latisana, Italy. The renovation included addition of multiple swimming pools by Myrtha pools company.

The hotel has 180 rooms, distributed as 160 standard rooms, 10 executive suites, 10 senior suites and a presidential suite. located within four consecutive blocks that adapt to the underlying ground, connected in between through vertical elements that contain stairs and elevators.

Star (classification)
Star ratings are a type of rating scale using a star symbol or similar typographical mark. It is used by reviewers for ranking things such as films, TV shows, restaurants, and hotels. For example, a system of one to five stars is commonly used in hotel ratings, with five stars being the highest rating.

Similar systems have been proposed for electing politicians in the form of score voting and STAR voting.
Hit 'Em High (The Monstars' Anthem)
"Hit 'Em High (The Monstars' Anthem)" is a single performed by American rappers B-Real, Coolio, Method Man, LL Cool J, and Busta Rhymes from the soundtrack to the 1996 film, Space Jam. Though the song failed to enter the US Billboard Hot 100, it was successful in Europe, reaching number one in Norway and number eight in the United Kingdom. The music video, directed by Hype Williams, is in black and white and features scenes from the movie, mostly the Monstars. The rappers wore the Monstars' jerseys from the movie while rapping on a basketball court.

Coolio
Artis Leon Ivey Jr. (August 1, 1963 – September 28, 2022), known by his stage name Coolio, was an American rapper. He was best known for his single "Gangsta's Paradise" (1995), which won a Grammy Award, and was credited for changing the course of hip-hop by bringing it to a wider audience. Other singles included "Fantastic Voyage" (1994), "1, 2, 3, 4 (Sumpin' New)" (1996), and "C U When U Get There" (1997). He released nine albums, the first three of which achieved mainstream success: It Takes a Thief (1994), Gangsta's Paradise (1995), and My Soul (1997). Coolio first achieved recognition as a member of the gangsta rap group WC and the Maad Circle. Coolio sold 4.8 million albums in the U.S.

He also created the six-episode reality television show Coolio's Rules (2008), the web series Cookin' with Coolio, and published a cookbook.
Michael Sendivogius
Michael Sendivogius (/ˌsɛndɪˈvoʊdʒiəs/; Polish: Michał Sędziwój; 2 February 1566 – 1636) was a Polish alchemist, philosopher, and physician. A pioneer of chemistry, he developed ways of purifying and creating various acids, metals, and other chemicals.

He discovered that air is not a single substance and contains a life-giving substance – later called oxygen – 170 years before Scheele's discovery of the element. He correctly identified this "food of life" with the gas (also oxygen) given off by heating nitre (saltpetre). This substance, the "central nitre", had a central position in Sendivogius' schema of the universe.

Carl Wilhelm Scheele
Carl Wilhelm Scheele (German: [ˈʃeːlə], Swedish: [ˈɧêːlɛ]; 9 December 1742 – 21 May 1786) was a German-Swedish pharmaceutical chemist.

Scheele discovered oxygen (although Joseph Priestley published his findings first), and identified the elements molybdenum, tungsten, barium, nitrogen, and chlorine, among others. Scheele discovered organic acids tartaric, oxalic, uric, lactic, and citric, as well as hydrofluoric, hydrocyanic, and arsenic acids. He preferred speaking German to Swedish his whole life, as German was commonly spoken among Swedish pharmacists.
Hitler's reference to the Armenian genocide
At the conclusion of his Obersalzberg Speech on 22 August 1939, a week before the German invasion of Poland, Nazi leader Adolf Hitler reportedly said "Who, after all, speaks today of the annihilation of the Armenians?" (German: Wer redet heute noch von der Vernichtung der Armenier?).

Stefan Ihrig
Stefan Ihrig is an academic, author, and speaker. He is professor of history at the University of Haifa and director of the Haifa Center for German and European Studies.  His research interests are European and Middle Eastern history, with a focus on media and political and social discourse. His 2014 and 2016 books dealing with German-Turkish history and entanglement have elicited critical praise. He is also an editor of the Journal of Holocaust Research published by the University of Haifa and has contributed articles for HuffPost, Tablet, Haaretz, and History Today, among other publications.
2025 Morsø municipal election
The 2025 Morsø Municipal election was held on November 18, 2025, to elect the 21 members to sit in the regional council for the Morsø Municipal council, in the period of 2026 to 2029. Venstre won an absolute majority in 2021, but lost 3 seats, and their absolute majority following this election.  This would result in a majority outside Venstre forming, consisting of the Social Democrats, Conservatives, Social Liberals, Green Left and Danish People's Party, which would hand Jens Dahlgaard from the Social Democrats, the mayoral position, becoming a rare mayoral gain for the party in the 2025 Danish local elections.

Conservative People's Party (Denmark)
The Conservative People's Party (Danish: Det Konservative Folkeparti, DKF), also known as The Conservatives (De Konservative), is a centre-right political party in Denmark. The party is a member of the International Democracy Union and the European People's Party.
Charge & Go! / Lights
"Charge & Go! / Lights" (stylized as "Charge ▶ Go! / Lights") is the 30th single by Japanese pop group AAA. It is included in the group's seventh studio album 777: Triple Seven. "Charge & Go!" was written by Kenn Kato and Mitsuhiro Hidaka. The single was released in Japan on November 16, 2011, under Avex Trax in five editions: a CD-only edition, a CD and DVD A edition, a CD and DVD B edition, a box set edition, and a Mu-Mo edition. "Charge & Go! / Lights" debuted at number five on the weekly Oricon singles chart. The single charted for nine weeks and went on to sell over 52,400 copies in Japan.

Avex Trax
Avex Trax (Japanese: エイベックス トラックス, Hepburn: Eibekkusu Torakkusu) is a record label owned by Japanese entertainment conglomerate Avex Inc. The label was launched in September 1988, and was the first label by the Group.
Gangs in Belize
An estimated 900 to 1,400 people in Belize were part of street gangs as of 2019, with some three dozen gangs active in the country. These gangs were formed in the 1980s in Southside Belize City, as offshoots of the American Bloods and Crips gangs. Most gangs in Belize remain based in the Southside, and retain at least loose affiliation with Bloods or Crips. They are widely deemed primarily responsible for sustained waves of violent, gun, and organised crime in the country since the 1990s, still unabated as of today (the 2020s).

Ross Kemp on Gangs
Ross Kemp on Gangs is a documentary series that was broadcast on Sky 1 from 21 September 2004, until 6 January 2009. Hosted by actor Ross Kemp, the series follows Kemp and a film crew around the world as they interview members of gangs, locals who have been affected by gang violence, and the authorities who are attempting to combat the problem. Kemp then tries to establish contact within the gangs in an attempt to talk to their leader. A total of four series were filmed, three of which have since been released on DVD. On 20 May 2007, the series won a BAFTA award for best factual series.
Lantra Fernando
Lantra Fernando (20 August 1956 – 23 June 2014) was a Sri Lankan cricketer. He played first-class cricket for Moratuwa Sports Club and Old Cambrians Sports Club between 1980 and 1992. He was part of Sri Lanka's side during the South African rebel tours in 1982. In September 2018, he was one of 49 former Sri Lankan cricketers felicitated by Sri Lanka Cricket, to honour them for their services before Sri Lanka became a full member of the International Cricket Council (ICC).

Moratuwa Sports Club
Moratuwa Sports Club is a first-class cricket team in Sri Lanka. As of 2026, Moratuwa SC competes in Tier "B" 3 Day League. Previously, it had competed in the Premier Trophy, Sri Lanka's main first-class cricket competition, for 13 seasons following the international recognition of first-class status for the 1988–89 season. However, its first-class status was not continuous. In addition, it competed in the Premier Limited Overs Tournament, Sri Lanka's main List A cricket competition, for five seasons.