hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kaletnik, Łódź Voivodeship
Kaletnik [kaˈlɛtnik] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Koluszki, within Łódź East County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) south of Koluszki and 24 km (15 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź.

Łódź East County
Łódź East County (Polish: powiat łódzki wschodni) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Łódź, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county). The county consists of areas to the east and south of the city, and contains three towns: Koluszki, which lies 24 km (15 mi) east of Łódź, Tuszyn, 20 km (12 mi) south of Łódź, and Rzgów, 14 km (9 mi) south of Łódź.

The county covers an area of 499.32 square kilometres (192.8 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 64,574, out of which the population of Koluszki is 13,407, that of Tuszyn is 7,178, that of Rzgów is 3,338, and the rural population is 40,651.

Until 2002 the county also included the areas which now form Brzeziny County.
Nicholas St. Leger
Nicholas St. Leger or Sellenger (died c. 1589) was an English politician.

He was the third son of Sir Anthony St. Leger and Agnes Warham.

He married Catherine Moyle (1529 - 9 Feb 1586/7) who was the daughter and coheir of Sir Thomas Moyle of Eastwell Park. She had first married Sir Thomas Finch (d.1563) and then married St Leger as her second husband.

St Leger was a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Maidstone in 1571 and 1572. He served on the House of Commons Committees for the Bill against Fugitives in 1571 and the Bill against Conveyences in 1580.

Maidstone (UK Parliament constituency)
Maidstone was a parliamentary constituency represented in the Parliament of England, Great Britain and from 1801 the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

The parliamentary borough of Maidstone returned two Members of Parliament (MPs) from 1552 until 1885, when its representation was reduced to one member. The borough was abolished in 1918 and replaced with a county division of the same name, which was abolished for the 1997 general election, and partially replaced by the new Maidstone and The Weald constituency.
Andrew Budds
Andrew Budds (1809–1893) is included in the famous photographic montage, published by Thomas Foster Chuck in 1872, entitled The Explorers and Early Colonists of Victoria. He appears as number 24 in the montage, and is listed as having arrived in Victoria, Australia in 1837.

Budds was born in Queens County, Ireland in 1809. He emigrated to Australia in 1837 and married Elisa Morrison in Launceston, Tasmania that same year, before settling in Victoria. He died in 1893 at the age of 84 at his residence in Highett Street, Richmond.

Photomontage
Photomontage is the process and the result of making a composite photograph by cutting, gluing, rearranging and overlapping two or more photographs into a new image. Sometimes the resulting composite image is photographed so that the final image may appear as a seamless physical print. A similar method, although one that does not use film, is realized today through image-editing software. This latter technique is referred to by professionals as "compositing", and in casual usage is often called "photoshopping" (from the name of the popular software system). A composite of related photographs to extend a view of a single scene or subject would not be labeled as a montage, but instead a stitched image or a digital image mosaic.
Erik Bánki
Erik Bánki (born May 26, 1970) is a Hungarian politician, member of the National Assembly (MP) from 1998 to 2012 and since 2014.

He served as Chairman of the Parliamentary Committee on Sport and Tourism from May 14, 2010, to June 10, 2012. He is a Member of Board of the Hungarian Football Federation from 2009.

Bánki became Member of the European Parliament (MEP) on June 10, 2012, replacing János Áder, who was elected President of Hungary in May 2012. As a result, Bánki had to resign from his national parliamentary seat. He was re-elected Hungarian MP in the 2014 parliamentary election. He became Chairman of the Parliamentary Committee on Economics in October 2015. Bánki was re-elected MP via the joint national list of Fidesz-KDNP during the 2018 parliamentary election.

Hungarian Football Federation
The Hungarian Football Federation (HFF) (Hungarian: Magyar Labdarúgó Szövetség; MLSZ, pronounced [ˈmɒɟɒr ˈlɒbdɒruːɡoː ˈsøvɛt͡ʃːeːɡ]) is the governing body of football and futsal in Hungary. It organizes the Hungarian league and the Hungary national team. The MLSZ is responsible for the Hungarian football league system, the men's and women's national teams. The headquarters are in Budapest. The MLSZ is a member of the Hungarian Olympic Committee.
Robert Bergman (museum director)
Robert P. Bergman (May 17, 1945 – May 6, 1999) was an art museum director and former professor. After studying at Princeton University, he initially pursued an academic career from 1971 to 1981, and held various professorships at Lincoln University, Princeton University, and then Harvard University. He served as the director of the Walters Art Gallery from 1981 to 1993, and then as the director of the Cleveland Museum of Art until 1999.

Art museum
An art museum, or art gallery, is an organization, usually with buildings or spaces for the display of art from the museum's own collection. It might be in public or private ownership, be accessible to all, or have restrictions in place. Although primarily concerned with visual art, art museums are often used as a venue for other cultural exchanges and artistic activities, such as lectures, jewelry, performance arts, music concerts, or poetry readings. Art museums also frequently host themed temporary exhibitions, which often include items on loan from other collections.
82-BM-36
The M-36 or 82-BM-36 (батальонный миномёт) is a Soviet 82 millimeter calibre mortar.  The design of the M-36 is closely based on the earlier French Brandt mle 27/31 mortar with Russian modifications.  The main difference between the 82-BM-36 and the later 82-BM-37 was the adoption of a round base-plate, revised traverse/elevation controls, simplified sights and spring-loaded shock absorbers on the bi-pod to reduce the amount of relaying needed between shots. The German designation for captured M-36 mortars was 8.2 cm GrW 274/1(r).  The M-36 could fire German 81 mm ammunition but range and accuracy suffered.

Brandt Mle 27/31
The Brandt mle 27/31 mortar was a regulation weapon of the French army during the Second World War. Designed by Edgar Brandt, it was a refinement of the Stokes mortar. The Brandt mortar was highly influential, being licensed built or copied by numerous countries.
Dawson Trail (electoral district)
Dawson Trail (French: Chemin-Dawson) is a provincial electoral district of Manitoba  Canada. It was created by redistribution in 2008, out of parts of Morris and La Verendrye.

Communities in the riding include Ste. Anne, Lorette, Landmark, Grande Pointe, Giroux, Hazelridge, Anola, and Sapton. St. Adolphe and Ile des Chênes were previously located in the riding until redistribution in 2018.

The riding's population in 2006 was 19,530.

Anola
Anola is an unincorporated community in the Canadian province of Manitoba.  It is located 24 kilometres (15 miles) east of Winnipeg and 40 kilometres (25 miles) north of Steinbach in the Rural Municipality of Springfield.  The community has a population of approximately 200 people.
Yuka Tanaka
Yuka Tanaka (born 21 August 1974) is a Japanese former professional tennis player.

Tanaka competed on the professional tour in the 1990s, reaching a best singles ranking of 319. She featured in the main draw of the 1994 Nichirei International Championships, a WTA Tour tournament in Tokyo, then won an ITF title in Italy in 1995. As a doubles player, she was ranked as high as 159 in the world and appeared more regularly on the WTA Tour.

1994 Nichirei International Championships
The 1994 Nichirei International Championships was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at the Ariake Coliseum in Tokyo, Japan that was part of Tier II of the 1994 WTA Tour. It was the fifth edition of the tournament and was held from 20 September through 25 September 1994. First-seeded Arantxa Sánchez Vicario won the singles title and earned $80,000 first-prize money.
IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging
IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). It covers technological aspects of medical imaging techniques. The journal was established in 1982 and  It is sponsored by four IEEE societies, IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, IEEE Signal Processing Society, IEEE Nuclear and Plasma Sciences Society, and IEEE Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics & Frequency Control Society.

Since 2025, the editor-in-chief is Ge Wang (Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute). Ge Wang's First Editorial, Flagship Toward the Future was published in March 2025.

Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (/rɛnsəˈlɪər/ ren-sə-LEER; RPI) is a private research university in Troy, New York, United States. It is the oldest technological university in the English-speaking world and the Western Hemisphere. It was established in 1824 by Stephen Van Rensselaer and Amos Eaton for the "application of science to the common purposes of life".

Built on a hillside, RPI's 265-acre (107 ha) campus overlooks the city of Troy and the Hudson River. The institute operates an on‑campus business incubator and the 1,250-acre (510 ha) Rensselaer Technology Park.

RPI is organized into six main schools which contain 37 departments, with emphasis on science and technology. It is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities: Very High Research Activity".
2016 Copa do Brasil de Futebol Feminino
The 2016 Copa do Brasil de Futebol Feminino was the tenth staging of the competition. The competition started on August 24, 2016, and concluded on October 26, 2016. 32 clubs of all regions of Brazil participated of the cup, which was organized by the Brazilian Football Confederation (CBF).

It was the last staging of the competition, as it was abolished the next year.

Copa do Brasil de Futebol Feminino
The Copa do Brasil de Futebol Feminino (English: Brazilian Women's Football Cup) is a Brazilian Women's football competition organized by the Brazilian Football Confederation (CBF).

It was designed as an equivalent to the men's Copa do Brasil, with the first edition being played in 2007. Abolished in 2017, CBF announced the return of the competition on 17 January 2025, with 64 teams from the three national divisions.
Lateral grey column
The lateral grey column (lateral column, lateral cornu, lateral horn of spinal cord, intermediolateral column) is one of the three grey columns of the spinal cord (which give the shape of a butterfly); the others being the anterior and posterior grey columns. The lateral grey column is primarily involved with activity in the sympathetic division of the autonomic motor system. It projects to the side as a triangular field in the thoracic and upper lumbar regions (specifically T1-L2) of the postero-lateral part of the anterior grey column.

Ganglion
A ganglion (pl.: ganglia) is a group of neuron cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system. In the somatic nervous system, this includes dorsal root ganglia and trigeminal ganglia among a few others. In the autonomic nervous system, there are both sympathetic and parasympathetic ganglia which contain the cell bodies of postganglionic sympathetic and parasympathetic neurons respectively.

A pseudoganglion looks like a ganglion, but only has nerve fibers and has few nerve cell bodies.
Aloeides thyra
Aloeides thyra, the red copper, is a butterfly of the family Lycaenidae. It is found in the Western Cape, South Africa.

The wingspan is 22–26 mm for males and 24–28 mm females. Adults are on wing from July to April with peaks in October and February. There are several generations per year through the warmer months.

The larvae feed on Aspalathus acuminata, A. laricifolia and A. cymbiformis. The larvae are attended to by Lepisiota capensis ants.

Lepisiota capensis
Lepisiota capensis, commonly known as the small black sugar ant, is an Old World ant in the subfamily Formicinae. It is found in countries of the Afrotropical, Malagasy, Oriental, and Palaearctic regions.
Marcks
Marcks is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Erich Marcks (1891–1944), German general

Gerhard Marcks (1889–1981), German sculptor

Greg Marcks (born 1976), American director, writer and actor

Megan Marcks (born 1972), Australian rower

Werner Marcks  (1896–1967), German general

Megan Marcks
Megan Leanne Marcks (née Still), OAM (born 19 October 1972) is an Australian former national, Olympic and world champion rower. She is an Olympic and World Champion in the coxless pair who represented Australia at the Olympics in 1992 and 1996.
Qillqata (Cochabamba)
Qillqata (Aymara qillqaña to write, -ta a suffix, "written" or "something written", also spelled Khellkhata) is a mountain in the Bolivian Andes which reaches a height of approximately 4,720 m (15,490 ft). It is located in the Cochabamba Department, Quillacollo Province, Quillacollo Municipality. Qillqata lies southeast of Uqi Salli Punta.

Quillacollo Municipality
Quillacollo Municipality is the first municipal section of the Quillacollo Province in the Cochabamba Department, Bolivia. Its capital is Quillacollo. At the time of census 2001 the municipality had 104,206 inhabitants.
Mark Arnold (historian)
Mark Arnold (born December 15, 1966) is an American writer and commentator who grew up in Saratoga, California. He has contributed to several publications in the United States, including The Comics Journal, Hogan's Alley, Back Issue!, and Comics Buyer's Guide. Arnold also worked with Jerry Beck and Leslie Cabarga on their Harvey Comics Classics series for Dark Horse Comics.

Arnold has a BA degree in Broadcast Communication Arts from San Francisco State University, and has studied art through Art Instruction Schools. He currently resides in Springfield, Oregon.

Saratoga, California
Saratoga is a city in Santa Clara County, California, United States. Located in Silicon Valley, in the southern Bay Area, it had a population of 31,051 at the 2020 census. Saratoga is known for its wineries, restaurants, and historic landmarks like Villa Montalvo, Mountain Winery, and Hakone Gardens.
Ontario Highway 533
Secondary Highway 533, commonly referred to as Highway 533, is a provincially maintained secondary highway in the Canadian province of Ontario. The route begins in the town of Mattawa, at Highway 17, and travels north to Highway 63. Between these two junctions is a large barren expanse of wilderness with almost no habitation. Mattawa is the only community along the route. Highway 533 was assumed in 1956, along with many of the secondary highways in the province. It was later extended to Highway 63 in 1958, establishing the route as it remains today. A roundabout with Highway 17 was opened in late 2011, the first on a provincial highway in Ontario.

Mattawa, Ontario
Mattawa is a town in northeastern Ontario, Canada, at the confluence of the Mattawa and Ottawa Rivers in Nipissing District. The first Europeans to pass through this area were Étienne Brûlé and Samuel de Champlain.
England and Wales
England and Wales (Welsh: Cymru a Lloegr) is one of the three legal jurisdictions of the United Kingdom. It covers the two constituent countries of England and Wales, and was formed by the Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542. The substantive law of the jurisdiction is English law.

The devolved Senedd (Welsh Parliament; Welsh: Senedd Cymru) – previously named the National Assembly for Wales – was created in 1999 under the Government of Wales Act 1998 and provides a degree of self-government in Wales. The powers of the legislature were expanded by the Government of Wales Act 2006, which allows it to pass its own laws, and the Act also formally separated the Welsh Government from the Senedd. There is currently no equivalent body for England, which is directly governed by the parliament and government of the United Kingdom.

Government of Wales Act 2006
The Government of Wales Act 2006 (c. 32) is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that reformed the then-National Assembly for Wales (now the Senedd) and allows further powers to be granted to it more easily. The act creates a system of government with a separate executive drawn from and accountable to the legislature. It is part of a series of laws legislating for Welsh devolution.
TT111
The Theban Tomb TT111 is located in Sheikh Abd el-Qurna, part of the Theban Necropolis, on the west bank of the Nile, opposite to Luxor. The tomb belongs to a 19th Dynasty ancient Egyptian named Amenwahsu, who was a Scribe of divine writing of the estate of Amun during the reign of Ramesses II. Amenwahsu was a son of Simut, who was a head of outline draughtsmen, and the lady Wiay. Amenwhasu's wife was named Iuy. She was a songstress of Bubastis.

Thebes, Egypt
Thebes (Egyptian Arabic: طيبه), known to the ancient Egyptians as Waset, was an ancient Egyptian city located along the Nile about 800 kilometers (500 mi) south of the Mediterranean. Its ruins lie within the modern Egyptian city of Luxor. Thebes was the main city of the fourth Upper Egyptian nome (Sceptre nome) and was the capital of Egypt for long periods during the Middle Kingdom and New Kingdom eras.

The city was close to Nubia and the Eastern Desert, with its valuable mineral resources and trade routes. It was a religious center and the most venerated city during many periods of ancient Egyptian history.

The site of Thebes includes areas on both the eastern bank of the Nile, where the temples of Karnak and Luxor stand and where the city was situated; and the western bank, where a necropolis of large private and royal cemeteries and funerary complexes can be found. In 1979, the ruins of ancient Thebes were classified by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site.
Pavel Simigin
Pavel Vladimirovich Simigin (Russian: Павел Владимирович Симигин; July 26, 1968, Komsomolsk-on-Amur, Khabarovsk Krai) is a Russian political figure, deputy of the 8th State Dumas.

From 2004 to 2014, Simigin held the position of commercial director of the "Singapore" company. From 2006 to 2009, he worked as an assistant to the deputy of the Komsomolsk-on-Amur State Duma of the 5th convocation. On September 14, 2014, he was elected deputy of the Legislative Duma of Khabarovsk Krai of the 6th convocation. Since September 2021, he has served as deputy of the 8th State Duma.

Komsomolsk-on-Amur
Komsomolsk-on-Amur (Russian: Комсомольск-на-Амуре, romanized: Komsomolsk-na-Amure, IPA: [kəmsɐˈmolʲsk nɐ‿ɐˈmurʲə]) is a city in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia, located on the west bank of the Amur River in the Russian Far East. It is located on the Baikal-Amur Mainline, 356 kilometers (221 mi) northeast of Khabarovsk. Population: 238,505 (2021 census); 263,906 (2010 census); 281,035 (2002 census); 315,325 (1989 Soviet census).
SS Benvrackie
SS Benvrackie has been the name of five Ben Line merchant ships, named after Ben Vrackie, a mountain in Scotland.

SS Maartensdijk, built in 1902 as Rapallo, named Benvrackie from 1923 to 1927

SS Dongarra, built in 1906, renamed Benvrackie in 1927, scrapped in 1931

SS Davian, built in 1922, renamed Benvrackie in 1939, sunk in 1941

SS Samaffric, built in 1944, named Benvrackie from 1947 to 1952

SS Benvrackie, steam turbine ship built in 1955, scrapped in 1975

Ben Vrackie
Ben Vrackie (Scottish Gaelic: Beinn a' Bhreacaidh; sometimes anglicised as Ben Y Vrackie) is a mountain in Perthshire, Scotland. It lies north of the town of Pitlochry and reaches 841 metres (2,759 ft) high at its summit. The summit may be reached easily by a direct path from Pitlochry or Killiecrankie, and commands views of Pitlochry and the surrounding glens.
Goseong Lee clan
The Goseong Lee clan (Korean: 고성 이씨; Hanja: 固城 李氏) is a Korean clan. Their bon-gwan is in Goseong County, South Gyeongsang Province. According to the census held in 2015, the number of members was 104,768. Their founder was Yi Hwang, who was appointed as Lord of Goseong after he successfully defeated the Khitans. Yi Hwang lived during the reign of King Deokjong of Goryeo. He was supposedly the 24th descendant of a certain Li Pan (Chinese: 李槃) from the Han dynasty, who had entered the Korean peninsula during Emperor Wu's conquest of Wiman Joseon.

Wiman Chosŏn
Wiman Chosŏn (194–108 BC) was a dynasty of Old Chosŏn (Go-Joseon). It began with Wiman's (Wei Man) seizure of the throne from King Jun of Joseon and ended with the death of King Ugeo, who was Wiman's grandson. Apart from archaeological data, the main source on this historical period comes from chapter 115 of Sima Qian's Shiji. Wiman was originally a Chinese military leader from the Kingdom of Yan under the Han dynasty.
Dennis Appiah
Dennis Appiah (/ˈæpiɑː/ AP-ee-ah; born 9 June 1992) is a French professional footballer who plays for  Ligue 2 club Saint-Étienne. He was a France youth international, having earned caps at under-16, under-17, and under-18 level. Appiah played as a defensive midfielder. For both Nantes and Saint-Étienne, he's been playing in defence as a full-back and a centre-back in a back three.

France national youth football team
The France national youth football team are the national under-21, under-20, under-19, under-18, under-17 and under-16 football teams of France and are controlled by the French Football Federation. The youth teams of France participate in tournaments sanctioned by both FIFA and UEFA and also participates in world, regional, and local international tournaments.
Nicholas Colasanto
Nicholas Colasanto (January 19, 1924 – February 12, 1985) was an American actor and television director. He is best known for his role as Ernie Pantusso in the American television sitcom Cheers (1982–1985).

Family Plot
Family Plot is a 1976 American black comedy thriller film directed by Alfred Hitchcock in his final directorial feature, and starring Karen Black, Bruce Dern, Barbara Harris, and William Devane. It was based on Victor Canning's 1972 novel The Rainbird Pattern, which Ernest Lehman adapted for the screen.

The film was screened at the 1976 Cannes Film Festival but was not entered into the main competition.
Milyeringa
Milyeringa is a genus of blind cavefish from the Cape Range and Barrow Island, northwestern Australia. Although traditionally considered to belong to the family Eleotridae, studies show that they represent a distinct and far-separated lineage together with the Typhleotris cavefish from Madagascar, leading some to move them to their own family, Milyeringidae. The generic name is taken from Milyering which is 20 miles (32 km) southwest of Vlamingh Head in the North West Cape of Western Australia, the type locality for Milyeringa veritas.

North West Cape
North West Cape is a peninsula in the north-west of Western Australia. Cape Range runs down the spine of the peninsula and Ningaloo Reef runs along the western edge. It is in the Gascoyne region and includes the town of Exmouth.