hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Infinity Galaxy
The Infinity Galaxy (∞ Galaxy), also known as the Cosmic Owl, is an interacting galaxy pair approximately 8 billion light-years away observed by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) as part of the COSMOS-Web Survey. The galaxy is named due to its distinctive shape, which resembles the infinity symbol (∞). The 2025 discovery is credited to astronomers Pieter van Dokkum of Yale University and Gabriel Brammer of the University of Copenhagen. The galaxy is likely one of the first observed examples of the direct collapse mechanism of black-hole formation.

Direct collapse black hole
Direct collapse black holes (DCBHs) are high-mass black hole seeds (black holes that will later accrete to form supermassive black holes) that form from the direct collapse of a large amount of material. They putatively formed within the redshift range z=15–30, when the Universe was about 100–250 million years old. This was around the same time that stars were being formed, meaning that these black holes could not have formed from stellar collapse. Unlike seeds formed from the first population of stars (also known as Population III stars), direct collapse black hole seeds are formed by a direct, general relativistic instability. They are very massive, with a typical mass at formation of ~105 M☉. This category of black hole seeds was originally proposed theoretically to alleviate the challenge in building supermassive black holes already at redshift z~7, as numerous observations to date have confirmed.
Magical Flowers
Magical Flowers (French: Les Fleurs magiques) is a Canadian dramatic short film, directed by Jean-Marc Vallée and released in 1995. The film stars Marc-André Grondin as DJ, a young boy struggling to cope with his father's alcoholism.

The film won the Genie Award for Best Theatrical Short Film at the 16th Genie Awards.

A sequel, Magical Words (Les Mots magiques), was released in 1998. At the time, the two films were planned as part of a trilogy, with the third film to be titled Les Temps magiques ("Magical Times"), but the third film was never completed.

Marc-André Grondin
Marc-André Grondin (born March 11, 1984) is a Canadian actor, known for his role as Xavier Laflamme in the 2011 ice hockey film Goon. He also played Zachary Beaulieu in Jean-Marc Vallée's film C.R.A.Z.Y. (2005), for which he won a Jutra Award for best actor.
JCMsuite
JCMsuite is a finite element analysis software package for the simulation and analysis of electromagnetic waves, elasticity and heat conduction. It also allows a mutual coupling between its optical, heat conduction and continuum mechanics solvers. The software is mainly applied for the analysis and optimization of nanooptical and microoptical systems. 
Its applications in research and development projects include
dimensional metrology systems,
photolithographic systems,
photonic crystal fibers,
VCSELs,
Quantum-Dot emitters,
light trapping in solar cells, 
and
plasmonic systems.
The design tasks can be embedded into the high-level scripting languages MATLAB and Python, enabling a scripting of design setups in order to define parameter dependent problems or to run parameter scans.

MATLAB
MATLAB (Matrix Laboratory) is a proprietary multi-paradigm programming language and numeric computing environment developed by MathWorks. MATLAB allows matrix manipulations, plotting of functions and data, implementation of algorithms, creation of user interfaces, and interfacing with programs written in other languages.

Although MATLAB is intended primarily for numeric computing, an optional toolbox uses the MuPAD symbolic engine allowing access to symbolic computing abilities. An additional package, Simulink, adds graphical multi-domain simulation and model-based design for dynamic and embedded systems.

As of 2020, MATLAB has more than four million users worldwide. They come from various backgrounds of engineering, science, and economics. As of 2017, more than 5000 global colleges and universities use MATLAB to support instruction and research.
Grand Canyon Forest Reserve
The Grand Cañon Forest Reserve was established by the United States General Land Office in Arizona on February 20, 1893 with 1,851,250 acres (7,491.7 km2). It was renamed Grand Canyon on August 8, 1906 and transferred to the U.S. Forest Service becoming a National Forest on March 4, 1907. On July 1, 1908 the entire forest was divided between Coconino National Forest and the newly established Kaibab National Forest, while other areas were returned to public lands, and the name was discontinued.

National forest (United States)
In the United States, national forest is a classification of protected and managed federal lands that are largely forest and woodland areas. They are owned collectively by the American people through the federal government and managed by the United States Forest Service, a division of the United States Department of Agriculture. The U.S. Forest Service is also a forestry research organization that provides financial assistance to the state and local forestry industry. There are 154 national forests in the United States.
John Henry Tihen
John Henry Tihen (July 14, 1861 – January 14, 1940) was an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as bishop of the Diocese of Lincoln in Nebraska (1911–1917) and as bishop of the Diocese of Denver in Colorado (1917–1931).

Parochial school
A parochial school is a private primary or secondary school affiliated with a religious organization, and whose curriculum includes general religious education in addition to secular subjects, such as science, mathematics and language arts. The word parochial comes from the same root as "parish", and parochial schools were originally the educational wing of the local parish church. Christian parochial schools are called "church schools" or "Christian schools."

In addition to schools run by Christian organizations, there are also religious schools affiliated with Jewish, Muslim, and other groups; however, these are not usually called "parochial" because of the term's historical association with Christian parishes.
Easter Parade (soundtrack)
The original soundtrack to the film Easter Parade was released by MGM Records as a set of four 10-inch 78-rpm phonograph records and as a 10-inch 33-rpm long-play. The soundtrack featured songs performed by Judy Garland, Fred Astaire, Peter Lawford, Ann Miller and played by the Johnny Green Orchestra.

Billboard reviewed the album in its issue from 12 March 1949, giving it 72 points out of 100 (which indicated a "good" rating) and writing: "No subtle delineations here — no subtle singers, either — but forthright lyric bawling in the approved musical comedy tradition. The score is fair ranging from great old ones like 'Easter Parade' and 'Choo Choo" to the passable recent plug additions like 'It Only Happens' and 'Steppin' Out.'" The review concluded with: "Album doesn't figure to be a world-beater, but should have a fair sale to movie fans, Berlin followers and admirers of Fred Astaire and the other non-singing singers represented here."

Steppin' Out with My Baby
"Steppin' Out with My Baby" is a popular song written by Irving Berlin and introduced in the 1948 musical film Easter Parade.  In the film, it was sung by Fred Astaire as part of a dance number involving him on stairs and three different dance partners.
USCGC White Alder
The USCGC White Alder (WLM/WAGL-541) was the former Navy lighter, YF-417.  The United States Coast Guard acquired a total of eight of these former Navy YF-257-class lighters between 1947-1948 for conversion to coastal buoy tenders.  They were needed to complement the larger seagoing buoy tenders in servicing short-range-aids-to-navigation, typically those placed in coastal waters and harbors.

They were built entirely of steel and were originally designed to carry ammunition and cargo from shore to deep-draft vessels anchored off-shore.  These lighters were well suited for a variety of coastal tasks because their hull design incorporated a shallow draft with a solid engineering plant.  All of these 133-foot (41 m) lighters had sufficient cargo space for storing equipment and an open deck and boom for handling large objects.  They proved to be capable and useful buoy tenders.  Each was named for a plant, shrub or tree, prefixed by "White."

Lightering
Lightering (also called lighterage) is the process of transferring cargo between vessels of different sizes, usually between a barge (lighter) and a bulker or oil tanker. Lightering is undertaken to reduce a vessel's draft so it can enter port facilities that cannot accept large, fully loaded, ocean-going vessels. Lightering can also refer to the use of a lighter barge for any form of short-distance transport, such as to bring railroad cars across a river. In addition, lightering can refer to the process of removing oil or other hazardous chemicals from a compromised vessel to another vessel to prevent an oil spill.
Imi-n-Ifri Formation
The Imi-n-Ifri Formation is a Sinemurian geologic formation outcropping about 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) from Demnate, to the east of Marrakesh, Morocco. Fossil ornithopod tracks have been reported from the formation.

Demnate
Demnate (Arabic: دمنات; Standard Moroccan Tamazight: Dmnat, ⴷⵎⵏⴰⵜ ⓘ) is a town in central Morocco, located at the foot of the high Atlas Mountains roughly 110 km east of Marrakesh. The majority of the population speaks Berber; the local dialect is Tashelheit, as well as Darija and some French. Demnate is the oldest city in the south as it used to be a linking point between the Moroccan south and Marrakesh. The Berber villages that surround Demnate are still full of tradition and have some of the most beautiful natural scenes in the entire south. The city is surrounded by beautiful mountains and close by natural attractions, including the natural land bridge Iminifery, dinosaur traces, and the Ouzoud Falls. One of the highest mountains in Morocco (Rat) is located within miles southwest of Demnate.
1-Hexacosanol
1-Hexacosanol /ˌhɛksɪˈkɒsɪnɒl/, also known as ceryl alcohol, is a saturated primary fatty alcohol with a carbon chain length of 26 that is a white waxy solid at room temperature. It is freely soluble in chloroform and insoluble in water. It occurs naturally in the epicuticular wax and plant cuticle of many plant species.

Plant cuticle
A plant cuticle is a protecting film covering the outermost skin layer (epidermis) of leaves, young shoots and other aerial plant organs (aerial here meaning all plant parts not embedded in soil or other substrate) that have no periderm. The film consists of lipid and hydrocarbon polymers infused with wax, and is synthesized exclusively by the epidermal cells.
The Goose (magazine)
The Goose is a biannual Canadian literary magazine published by Wilfrid Laurier University's Association for Literature, Environment, and Culture in Canada (ALECC). It has an "emphasis on regional specificity and the promotion of Canadian literature, arts, and environments" and "serves as a forum to counter broad cultural assumptions about North America." The editors-in-chief are Rina Garcia Chua (Simon Fraser University), Rachel Webb Jekanowski (Memorial University), and Jessica McDonald (University of Saskatchewan).

Literary magazine
A literary magazine is a periodical devoted to literature in a broad sense. Literary magazines usually publish a mix of fiction and non-fiction. Short stories and poetry are common literary forms published, but some magazines may publish serial literature—a novel which is revealed in sections over multiple issues. Non-fiction writing may be from staff of the literary magazine to make commentary about their magazine or about culture related to literature. Non-fiction from contributors may take the form of essays, literary criticism, book reviews, biographical profiles of authors, interviews, and letters. Literary magazines are often called literary journals (or little magazines) to contrast them with larger, commercial magazines.
Artur Kogan
Artur Kogan (Hebrew: ארתור קוגן; born 29 January 1974) is a Ukrainian–born Israeli chess grandmaster.

Kogan emigrated from Ukraine to Israel when he was two years old and spent more than 20 years in Israel.  He currently resides in Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain.

In 1981–89 he was the winner of town open championships in Israel of Bat Yam, Holon, Rishon LeZion, Petah Tikva, among others.

Among other tournaments, he has won the 1994 Kecskemét, 1996 Formies, 1996 Vlissingen, 1996 Sas Van Gent Open (Netherlands), 1996 Ischia (Italy), 1998 Ljubljana (Slovenia), 1998 Pyramiden Cup (Germany), 1999 Ljubliana, 2000 Almassora (Spain), 2000 Cutro Open (Italy), 2000 Quebec Open, 2001 Nordic Scandinavian Open, 2001 Salou Costa Dorada (Spain), 2002 Genove (Italy), 2003 Lido Estensi, 2005 Paris Open, 2005 Tarragona Open, 2006 Ashdod Open (Israel) and 2011 Torredembarra Open tournaments.

He was awarded the Grandmaster title in 1998.

Kecskemét
Kecskemét (US: /ˈkɛtʃkɛmeɪt/ KETCH-kem-ayt Hungarian: [ˈkɛt͡ʃkɛmeːt]) is a city with county rights in central Hungary. It is the eighth-largest city in the country, and the county seat of Bács-Kiskun.

Kecskemét lies halfway between the capital Budapest and the country's third-largest city, Szeged, 86 kilometres (53 miles) from both of them and almost equal distance from the two big rivers of the country, the Danube and the Tisza. It is the northern of two centres of the Hungarian Southern Great Plain (Hungarian: Dél-Alföld) region (comprising the three counties Bács-Kiskun, Békés and Csongrád); the southern centre is Szeged, the seat of Csongrád county.
Dhanaichha railway station
Dhanaiccha railway station is a railway station situated on the Gaya–Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Junction section under East Central Railway zone. It is located at Dhaniachha, Kharsara in Kaimur district in the Indian state of Bihar.

East Central Railway zone
The East Central Railway (ECR) is one of the 19 railway zones in India, serving primarily the eastern and central regions of the country. Headquartered in Hajipur, Bihar, the zone manages a vast network of railway lines across five divisions: Sonpur, Samastipur, Dhanbad, Danapur & Deen Dayal Upadhyaya
Adjoint filter
In signal processing, the adjoint filter mask  of a filter mask  is reversed in time and the elements are complex conjugated.

Its name is derived from the fact that the convolution with the adjoint filter is the adjoint operator of the original filter, with respect to the Hilbert space  of the sequences in which the inner product is the Euclidean norm.

The autocorrelation of a signal  can be written as .

Signal processing
Signal processing is an electrical engineering subfield that focuses on analyzing, modifying and synthesizing signals, such as sound, images, potential fields, seismic signals, altimetry processing, and scientific measurements. Signal processing techniques are used to optimize transmissions, digital storage efficiency, correcting distorted signals, improve subjective video quality, and to detect or pinpoint components of interest in a measured signal.
David Watt (New Zealand cricketer)
David Glendenning Watt (21 July 1920 – 29 August 1996) was a New Zealand cricketer and periodontist. In his only first-class match, which he played for Otago in the 1943–44 season, he scored a century.

Century (cricket)
In cricket, a century is a score of 100 or more runs in a single innings by a batter. The term is also included in "century partnership" which occurs when two batsmen add 100 runs to the team total when they are batting together. A century is regarded as a landmark score for batters and a player's number of centuries is generally recorded in their career statistics. Scoring a century is loosely equivalent in merit to a bowler taking a five-wicket haul, and is commonly referred to as a ton or hundred. Scores of more than 200 runs are still statistically counted as a century, although these scores are referred to as double (200–299 runs), triple (300–399 runs), and quadruple centuries (400–499 runs), and so on. Reaching 50 runs in an innings is known as a half-century.

Scoring a century at Lord's cricket ground in London earns the batter a place on the Lord's honours boards.
First Baptist Academy of Dallas
First Baptist Academy of Dallas (commonly FBA) is a private, Biblically integrated, college preparatory Christian school located in Dallas, Texas. First Baptist Academy opened for grades K-7 on September 5, 1972, previously in Downtown Dallas. It is now located at a new campus in East Dallas, at the current Saints Athletic Complex.

East Dallas
East Dallas, also referred to by the East Dallas Chamber of Commerce as the Lake & Garden District, is an expansive area of numerous communities and neighborhoods in Dallas, Texas, United States that border nearby suburban cities to the east such as Garland, Mesquite and Balch Springs.

White Rock Lake, located in the center of East Dallas, is considered "the crown jewel of the Dallas parks system". The lake, along with the Dallas Arboretum and Botanical Garden located on the east side of the lake, have strongly influenced and shaped the identity of the East Dallas area.
Welcome to the Jungle (comics)
Welcome to the Jungle is a 2008 hardback graphic novel written by science fiction and fantasy author Jim Butcher and illustrated by Ardian Syaf. Set in the world of Butcher's contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series, The Dresden Files, Welcome to the Jungle was written as a prequel to the first novel, Storm Front. It was nominated for a Hugo Award in the Best Graphic Novel category.

Contemporary fantasy
Contemporary fantasy is a subgenre of fantasy set in the present day. It is perhaps most popular for its subgenres, occult detective fiction, urban fantasy, low fantasy, supernatural fiction and paranormal fiction. Several authors note that in contemporary fantasy, magical or fantastic elements are separate or secret from the mundane world.
2019 Fukuoka International Women's Cup
The 2019 Fukuoka International Women's Cup was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor carpet courts. It was the nineteenth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2019 ITF Women's World Tennis Tour. It took place in Fukuoka, Japan between 6 and 12 May 2019.

Heather Watson
Heather Miriam Watson (born 19 May 1992) is a British professional tennis player. A former British No. 1, Watson has won nine titles over her career, including the mixed-doubles title at the 2016 Wimbledon Championships, partnering Henri Kontinen, making her the first British woman to win a major title since Jo Durie in 1991, and the first to win a Wimbledon title since Durie in 1987. In October 2012, Watson won her first WTA Tour singles title at the Japan Women's Open, becoming the first British woman to win a WTA tournament singles title since Sara Gomer in 1988.

In her junior career, Watson won the US Open and a gold medal at the 2008 Commonwealth Youth Games. She reached No. 3 in the world on the ITF Junior Circuit.
The Westerner and the Earl
The Westerner and the Earl is a 1911 American silent short drama film produced by the Thanhouser Company. The film focuses on a society woman who seeks to gain status as the mother-in-law of an English earl, but her daughter already loves an American suitor. The earl hires a Wild West show's Indian actors to kidnap him and the heiress so that he can win her affections, but is foiled by her American suitor who hires the cowboy actors and becomes the hero. The earl's plans are foiled and the heiress gets to marry her American suitor. The film was billed as a drama by Thanhouser, but reviewers all state that the plot was that of a comedy. It was released on February 7, 1911. The film is presumed lost.

Thanhouser Company
The Thanhouser Company (later the Thanhouser Film Corporation) was one of the first motion picture studios, founded in 1909 by Edwin Thanhouser, his wife Gertrude and his brother-in-law Lloyd Lonergan. It operated in New York City until 1920, producing over a thousand films.
Bani (surname)
Bani is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Andrei Bani (born 2002), Romanian footballer

Eugenio Bani (born 1991), Italian racing cyclist

Gilbert Bani (born 1986), stage name A-Q, Nigerian rapper and songwriter

Heinz Bäni (1936–2014), Swiss footballer

Jimi Bani (fl. 2006–present), Indigenous Australian actor

John Bani (born 1941), Vanuatuan former politician, President of Vanuatu from 1999 to 2004

Mattia Bani (born 1993), Italian footballer

Peter Bäni (born 1945), Swiss retired slalom canoeist

Prosper Douglas Bani, Ghanaian politician and United Nations international aid and development manager, former Minister of Interior for Ghana

Zahra Bani (born 1979), Somalian-born Italian javelin thrower

Heinz Bäni
Heinz Bäni (18 November 1936 – 10 March 2014) was a Swiss football midfielder who played for Switzerland in the 1966 FIFA World Cup. He also played for Grasshopper Club Zürich, FC Zürich, and FC La Chaux-de-Fonds.
Ernest Ollerenshaw
Ernest Ollerenshaw (11 April 1893 – 2 November 1963) was an English professional footballer of the 1920s. Born in Hollingworth, Hyde, Cheshire, he joined Gillingham from Manchester City in 1920, but only made one appearance for the club in The Football League.

Hyde, Greater Manchester
Hyde is a town in Tameside, Greater Manchester, England. It lies within the historic county boundaries of Cheshire, and became part of Greater Manchester in 1974. The built-up area as defined by the Office for National Statistics had a population of 35,895 at the 2021 census. The town lies 5 miles (8 km) north-east of Stockport, 6 miles (10 km) west of Glossop and 6.5 miles (10 km) east of Manchester.
Elandsputte cattle dip
The Elandsputte cattle dip is a provincial heritage site in Lichtenburg in the North West province of South Africa.

In 1980 it was described in the Government Gazette as

In December 1924, during the construction of this cattle-dip, Mr J. A. Voorendyk discovered a diamond which led to the further discovery of diamonds on Elandsputte (a portion of Uitgevonden) and the eventual spectacular "diamond rushes" on Elandsputte in 1926 and Grasfontein in 1927. In 1927 diamond production on the Lichtenburg diggings reached a peak when 2 100 861 carats [420.1722 kg] were produced, which nearly resulted in the collapse of South Africa's diamond market.

Government Gazette of South Africa
The Government Gazette (Afrikaans: Staatskoerant) is the gazette of record of South Africa. It is the "official organ of Government". The Government Gazette is used by the government as an official way of communicating to the general public.
Max Bohatsch
Max Bohatsch was an Austrian figure skater. He was the 1905 European champion and a three-time World medalist, winning silver in 1905 and 1907, and bronze in 1903. He won the Austrian Championships three times, in 1901, 1904, and 1905. He came in second place at the 1904 European Championships.

Figure skating historian James R. Hines reports that Irving Brokaw, in his 1910 book The Art of Skating (1910), describes "a slightly simplified version" of the ten-step ice dance, which Brokaw calls "the Bohastsch march".

1903 World Figure Skating Championships
The 1903 World Figure Skating Championship was 8th edition of World figure Skating Championship, an annual figure skating competition sanctioned by the International Skating Union in which figure skaters compete for the title of World Champion.

The competition took place from February 20 to 21 at the Yusupovsky Garden in Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire and was timed to 200-year Jubilee of Saint Petersburg.