hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
KNOX (candles)
KNOX is the trade mark of the oldest incense manufacturers in Germany. KNOX is based in Mohorn-Grund in the borough of Wilsdruff and run by the firm of Hermann Zwetz, Chemist's.

In 1865 the chemist, whose name the firm now bears, sold the incense candles, known as Räucherkerzchen as a remedy for whooping cough and asthma. Only later were the little candles used for Christmas festivities.

Today about 50 tonnes of incense products are manufactured annually in 30 scent varieties in the factory premises that were newly built in 1997. The company has been family owned since 1952. KNOX products are used especially in the wooden toy figures known as Räuchermänner.

In 2023, the company introduced new lines to appeal to younger consumers, including sea, myrrh and broccoli, which was scented as cannabis.

Odor
An odor (American English) or odour (Commonwealth English; see spelling differences) is a smell or a scent caused by one or more volatilized chemical compounds generally found in low concentrations that humans and many animals can perceive via their olfactory system. While smell can refer to pleasant and unpleasant odors, the terms scent, aroma, and fragrance are usually reserved for pleasant-smelling odors and are frequently used in the food and cosmetic industry to describe floral scents or to refer to perfumes.
West Indian cricket team in Zimbabwe in 2022–23
The West Indies men's cricket team toured Zimbabwe in February 2023 to play two Test matches. In December 2022, the Zimbabwe Cricket (ZC) confirmed the fixtures. The first game of  the series was Zimbabwe's first Test match after an 18-month gap since they played a home series against Bangladesh in July 2021 and the fourth time that the West Indies have toured Zimbabwe since 2000, with the most recent tour being in 2017; the tourists had won the three previous series without losing a Test match. West Indies won the series 1–0 after claiming an innings victory over Zimbabwe in the second Test.

Five-wicket haul
In cricket, a five-wicket haul (also known as a "five–for" or "fifer") occurs when a bowler takes five or more wickets in a single innings, commonly abbreviated as 5wI. Taking five wickets is regarded as a notable achievement, equivalent to a century by a batter. In 2001, Glenn McGrath invented the tradition of a bowler raising the ball to the crowd at the completion of a five-wicket haul.

Taking a five-wicket haul at Lord's earns the bowler a place on the Lord's honours boards.
Ann Hughes (politician)
Ann Hughes (born September 28, 1943) is an American politician.

Born in Ogdensburg, New York, Hughes received her bachelor's degree in biology from Wells College in 1965. Hughes also went to McHenry County College and lived in Woodstock, Illinois. In 1977, Hughes served on the Woodstock School Board. She then served on the McHenry County Board in 1980 and was chair of the board. Hughes was a Republican. Hughes served in the Illinois House of Representatives from 1993 until her resignation from the Illinois General Assembly on June 30, 1997.

Wells College
Wells College was a private liberal arts college in Aurora, New York, United States. From its founding in 1868 until it became coeducational in 2005, Wells was a women's college. The college's campus, set on the shore of Cayuga Lake, remains a part of the Aurora Village–Wells College Historic District and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Henry Wells, a co-founder of both Wells Fargo & Company and American Express Company, established Wells College in 1868 as Wells Seminary, stating that the promotion of higher education for women was his life's dream. After operating for over 150 years, in 2024, it was announced that the college would be closing at the end of the spring semester. It ceased operations effective June 30, 2024, with administrators citing financial challenges. In 2025, Hobart and William Smith Colleges were announced as Wells' legacy partner, who will maintain the closed college's records and endowment.
2015–16 Matador BBQs One-Day Cup
The 2015–16 Matador BBQs One-Day Cup was the 46th season of the official List A domestic cricket competition in Australia. It was played over a four-week period at the start of the domestic season to separate its schedule before the Sheffield Shield. The tournament was held in Sydney, with most matches broadcast live on free-to-air television on GEM. In the final, New South Wales, who won every round robin game except for one against Victoria, was successful over South Australia, who qualified for the final through a victory in an elimination final against Victoria.

9Gem
9Gem is an Australian free-to-air digital television multichannel, launched by the Nine Network in September 2010. The channel provides general entertainment and movie programming, from which the original name "GEM" is derived.
Pietro Cussida
Pietro Cussida, Pietro Cuside or Pedro Cossida (died October 1622) was a Spanish diplomat in the service of Philip III of Spain and his successor, Philip IV. He was an art collector and patron, known for his patronage of Caravaggisti artists, including Jusepe de Ribera and Dirck van Baburen.

Via del Corso
The Via del Corso is a main street in the historical centre of Rome. It is straight in an area otherwise characterized by narrow meandering alleys and small piazzas. Considered a wide street in ancient times, the Corso is approximately 10 metres wide, and it only has room for two lanes of traffic and two narrow sidewalks. The northern portion of the street is a pedestrian area. The length of the street is roughly 1.5 kilometres.
Quercus Cabo Verde
Quercus Cabo Verde is a Capeverdean branch of the Portuguese environmental organization Quercus.  It is headquartered in the capital city of Praia.  Its logo features the grey-headed kingfisher.  The first and current head is Paulo Ferreira.

Quercus Cabo Verde is the first independent environmental organization in the country.

Grey-headed kingfisher
The grey-headed kingfisher (Halcyon leucocephala) is a species of bird in the kingfisher family, Alcedinidae. It is found across large parts of Africa and southern Arabia, from Mauritania through Senegal and the Gambia, east to Ethiopia, Somalia, Yemen, Oman and Saudi Arabia, and south all the way through to South Africa. It is also found in islands off the African coast such as the Cape Verde islands and Zanzibar.
Back on You World Tour
The Back on You World Tour is a concert tour by American actor and musician Joe Keery under the stage name Djo, in support of his third studio album, The Crux (2025). It began on February 6, 2025, at the Laneway Festival in Auckland, with shows across Oceania, North America and Europe, and concluded in Los Angeles on October 21, 2025. The full tour comprised 70 shows. Keery's old band, Post Animal, served as the opening act for the majority of the US and European shows. The Lazy Eyes and Velvet Trip served as the opening act exclusively for the Sydney show.

Laneway Festival
The St. Jerome's Laneway Festival, commonly referred to as Laneway, is a music festival that takes place in cities across Australia and New Zealand, since 2005. Beginning as predominantly an indie music event, the festival grew in popularity and expanded to five Australian cities – Melbourne, Sydney, Brisbane, Adelaide, and Fremantle / Perth – as well as Auckland (New Zealand), and Singapore (2011–2018).
Paul Williams (commentator)
Paul Williams was an Australian soccer commentator for the Special Broadcasting Service (SBS) and the Seven Network. He is most famously known for commentating the 1998 FIFA World Cup intercontinental play-off qualifiers between Iran and Australia, for which SBS won a Logie Award. Williams commentated matches for SBS at the 1998 FIFA World Cup.

Damien Lovelock
Damien Richard Lovelock (21 May 1954 – 3 August 2019), known familiarly as Damo, was an Australian musician, sports broadcaster and writer. He fronted the hard rock band The Celibate Rifles from 1980 as their lead singer-songwriter and later issued two solo albums. He was also a sports broadcaster, an author and yoga instructor.
Soesterberg Air Base
Soesterberg Air Base (IATA: UTC, ICAO: EHSB) was a Royal Netherlands Air Force (RNLAF) military air base located in Soesterberg, 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) east-northeast of Utrecht.  It was first established as an airfield in 1911, and in 1913, the Dutch Army bought the field and established the Army Aviation Division.

For almost 40 years, United States Air Force facilities at Soesterberg, named Camp New Amsterdam, were a major front line USAFE air base during the Cold War.  The base was closed on 31 December 2008, due to budget cuts in the Dutch armed forces.  The air base ceased flying operations on 12 November 2008, when the command was transferred from the RNLAF to the Ministry of Defence which will maintain the base until it will be given back to nature.  The last fighter ever to depart, delayed due bad weather at Aviano AB, was a Greek F-4E Phantom II.  The former USAFE facilities remained in military hands, and will now officially be called Camp New Amsterdam.

Air base
An airbase or air base, sometimes referred to as a military airbase, military airfield, military airport, air station, naval air station, air force station, or air force base, is an aerodrome or airport used as a military base by a military force for operating military aircraft.
Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem
The Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (GYE) is one of the last remaining large, nearly intact ecosystems in the northern temperate zone of Earth. It is located within the central Rocky Mountains, in areas of northwestern Wyoming, southwestern Montana, and eastern Idaho, and is about 22 million acres (89,000 km2). Yellowstone National Park and the Yellowstone Caldera 'hotspot' are within it.

The area is a flagship site among conservation groups that promote ecosystem management. It is one of the world's foremost natural laboratories in landscape ecology and Holocene geology, and is a world-renowned recreational destination. It is also home to the diverse native plants and animals of Yellowstone.

Yellowstone Lake
Yellowstone Lake is the largest body of water in Wyoming and the largest in Yellowstone National Park. The lake is 7,732 feet (2,357 m) above sea level and covers 136 square miles (350 km2) with 110 miles (180 km) of shoreline. While the average depth of the lake is 139 ft (42 m), its greatest depth is at least 394 ft (120 m). Yellowstone Lake is the largest freshwater lake above 7,000 ft (2,100 m) in North America.

In winter, ice nearly 3 ft (0.91 m) thick covers much of the lake except where shallow water covers hot springs. The lake freezes over by early December and can remain frozen until late May or early June.
Germalam
Germalam is a village in Sathyamangalam taluk of Erode district, Tamil Nadu, India. It is 4000 feet above sea level. The village is near to Karnataka state border. The village is part of Sathyamangalam Wildlife Sanctuary. Notorious bandit Veerappan used to visit Germalam village.

Veerappan
Koose Munisamy Veerappan (18 January 1952 – 18 October 2004) was an Indian poacher, smuggler, domestic terrorist and bandit who was active for 36 years, and kidnapped major politicians for ransom. He was charged with sandalwood smuggling and poaching of elephants in the scrub lands and forests in the states of Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Kerala. He was wanted for killing around 184 people, about half of whom were police officers and forest officials. He was also responsible for poaching approximately 500 of the 2,000 elephants killed in the peninsular region where he was active and for smuggling ivory worth US$2.6 million (₹16 crore) and about 65 tons of sandalwood worth approximately US$22 million (₹143 crore).

The battle to capture Veerappan cost the governments of Tamil Nadu and Karnataka over ₹100 crore.
Euthalia whiteheadi
Euthalia whiteheadi  is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae (Limenitidinae). It is found in the Indomalayan realm.
It is a larger Euthalia, with broad black margins and small white subapical spots; under surface of the hindwing almost black-violet with yellowish costal area and an oblong patch at the
apex of the cell.[sensu Frustorfer - does not match original description]

Limenitidinae
The Limenitidinae are a subfamily of butterflies that includes the admirals and relatives. The common names of many species and genera reference military ranks or – namely the Adoliadini – titles of nobility (e.g., count, duke, earl, and marquis), in reference to these butterflies' large size, bold patterns, and dashing flight. In particular, the light stripe running lengthwise across the wings of many Limenitidini has reminded earlier authors of officers' (e.g. admiral, commander, commodore) shoulder marks and epaulets.

In flight, many of these butterflies have the habit of flapping their wings, so the (usually) bright upperside and the cryptic underside alternate for the observer, then gliding for prolonged distances, with the motionless wings held outstretched. The common names of some Limenitidinae – "aeroplanes", "clippers", or "gliders" – refer to this flight pattern.
Metcard
Metcard was the brand name of an  integrated ticketing system used to access public transport in Melbourne, Australia. It was a universal ticket which allowed  users to ride on the city's Metlink and Metropolitan Transit Authority network, consisting of suburban trains, trams, and buses, including the NightRider network. The Metcard was a credit card-sized ticket made out of cardboard and used a magnetic strip to store fare  data. Metcard was operated by OneLink Transit Systems under a contract with the Government of Victoria which was managed by the Transport Ticketing Authority.

Fare
A fare is the fee paid by a passenger for use of the public transport system: rail, bus, taxi, etc. In the case of air transport, the term airfare is often used. Fare structure is the system set up to determine how much is to be paid by various passengers using a transit vehicle at any given time. A linked trip is a trip from the origin to the destination on the transit system. Even if a passenger must make several transfers during a journey, the trip is counted as one linked trip on the system.
AD 124
Year 124 (CXXIV) was a leap year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Glabrio and Flaccus (or, less frequently, year 877 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 124 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

Leap year starting on Friday
A leap year starting on Friday is any year with 366 days (i.e. it includes 29 February) that begins on Friday 1 January and ends on Saturday 31 December. Its dominical letters hence are CB. The most recent year of such kind was 2016, and the next one will be 2044 in the Gregorian calendar or, likewise, 2000 and 2028 in the obsolete Julian calendar.

Any leap year that starts on Friday has only one Friday the 13th: the only one in this leap year occurs in May. Common years starting on Saturday share this characteristic. This is also the only year in which February has five Mondays, as the leap day adds that extra Monday.

This year has two months (May and October) which begin on a weekend-day. Since at least one month begins on each day of the week in all years, this is the fewest possible number of months to begin on a weekend-day in a given year; this also occurs in a common year starting on Friday, in which case the two months are May and August.
Paropsides
Paropsides is a genus of beetles commonly called leaf beetles and in the subfamily Chrysomelinae. They are distributed from eastern Asia to eastern Australia.
Paropsides are small and specialist feeders on native Australian plants.
There are 21 species in Australia and they occur mainly on the south-eastern states.
The green Paropsides calypso is a native species which commonly attacks the lillipilli genus Syzygium.  
 Paropsides opposita feeds on Tea tree Melaleuca sp.

Paropsides belongs to the Paropsis-group of genera, with similar head, appendages, prosternum, elytra, tarsi and larva. Among these genera it is defined by possession of a single attribute, a full complement of pronotal (thoracic) trichobothria (bristles), which is almost certainly a plesiomorphy. Paropsides is therefore unlikely to be monophyletic.

Plesiomorphy and symplesiomorphy
In phylogenetics, a plesiomorphy ("near form") and  symplesiomorphy are synonyms for an ancestral character shared by all members of a clade, which does not distinguish the clade from other clades.

Plesiomorphy, symplesiomorphy, apomorphy, and synapomorphy all mean a trait shared between species because they share an ancestral species.

Apomorphic and synapomorphic characteristics convey information about evolutionary clades and can be used to define taxa. However, plesiomorphic and symplesiomorphic characteristics cannot.

The term symplesiomorphy was introduced in 1950 by German entomologist Willi Hennig.
Ityphilus
Ityphilus is a genus of soil centipedes in the clade once accepted as the family Ballophilidae, but now regarded as a possible subfamily (Ballophilinae) in the family Schendylidae. This genus includes 28 species. These centipedes are found mostly in tropical and subtropical parts of the Americas but also on islands in Seychelles, East Asia, and the Pacific Ocean.

Schendylidae
Schendylidae is a family of soil centipedes in the superfamily Himantarioidea and the order Geophilomorpha. These centipedes are found in the Americas, the Palearctic region, Africa, Madagascar, Australia, and southeast Asia, and also on some Pacific islands. This family was first proposed by the American biologist Orator F. Cook in 1896.
Ponkapoag Pond
Ponkapag Pond is a 203-acre impoundment in the Blue Hills Reservation.  The pond is located on the border of Canton and Randolph, Massachusetts about a half mile south of Route 128 and a half mile east of Route 138. It has a maximum depth of seven feet and an average depth of four feet. As would be expected on a pond this shallow, aquatic vegetation is pervasive and very abundant. Only a small portion of the eastern shoreline is developed; the southeastern and western shores are bordered by large expanses of marshland. A walking trail circles the pond, with parking at three locations.

The name comes from a Native American word meaning a spring that bubbles up from red soil, sweet water, or shallow pond.

Randolph, Massachusetts
Randolph is a suburban city in Norfolk County, Massachusetts, United States. At the 2020 census, the city population was 34,984. Randolph adopted a charter effective January 2010 providing for a council-manager form of government instead of the traditional town meeting. Randolph is one of thirteen Massachusetts municipalities that have applied for, and been granted, city forms of government but wish to retain "The town of" in their official names.
John Bechtold
John A. Bechtold (September 2, 1924 – September 6, 1978) was a Republican Ohio politician who served in the Ohio General Assembly. An attorney, Bechtold initially won a seat in the Ohio House of Representatives in 1966, following the 1965 Voting Rights Act's allocation of districts in Ohio. Winning reelection in 1968 and 1970, Bechtold had aspirations to succeed Charles Kurfess at the Speaker of the Ohio House of Representatives.

In 1972, redistricting weakened Bechtold's chances for reelection, and he was challenged for the nomination by Helen Fix.  While it looked initially like Bechtold had secured the nomination, a recount declared Fix the winner by one vote. As a result, Bechtold's time in the legislature ended after three terms.

Following his time in the House, he returned to Cincinnati and private practice. He died on September 6, 1978, of a heart attack.

Ohio General Assembly
The Ohio General Assembly is the state legislature of the U.S. state of Ohio. It consists of the 99-member Ohio House of Representatives and the 33-member Ohio Senate. Both houses of the General Assembly meet at the Ohio Statehouse in Columbus.
Kamenka, Kamensky District, Penza Oblast
Kamenka (Russian: Ка́менка) is a town and the administrative center of Kamensky District in Penza Oblast, Russia, located on the Atmis River (a Moksha tributary) 80 kilometers (50 mi) west of Penza, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 39,577 (2010 Census); 40,712 (2002 Census); 27,235 (1989 Soviet census); 30,000 (1970).

Moksha (river)
Moksha (Russian: Мо́кша, Moksha: Йов) is a river in central Russia, a right tributary of the Oka. It flows through Penza Oblast, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Ryazan Oblast and the Republic of Mordovia, and joins the Oka near Pyatnitsky Yar, near the city of Kasimov.

It is 656 kilometres (408 mi) in length, and has a drainage basin of 51,000 square kilometres (20,000 sq mi).

In the 1950s, several hydroelectric power stations were built in the middle course of the river, but without navigable locks. In 1955, 2 km below the mouth of the river. Prices on the Moksha River built Rasypukhinsky hydro-power plant with a hydroelectric power station and a wooden shipping lock. Navigation on the river was carried out until the mid-1990s.

On the Moksha is the Trinity-Scans monastery, the Nativity-Theotokos Sanaksar Monastery and the Krasnoslobodsky Savior-Transfiguration Monastery.
Love in the Age of Therapy
Love in the Age of Therapy is an opera composed by Paul Grabowsky with a libretto by Joanna Murray-Smith.

It premiered in October 2002 for OzOpera at the Playhouse, Victorian Arts Centre as part of the Melbourne Festival. It also played a season at the Drama Theatre, Sydney Opera House for the Sydney Festival in January 2003. The production received six nominations at the 2003 Helpmann Awards, including Best Opera, Best New Australian Work and Best Original Score.

Helpmann Award for Best Opera
The Helpmann Award for Best Opera is an award presented by Live Performance Australia (LPA), the "peak body for Australia’s live entertainment and performing arts industry". It has been handed out since 2001 at the annual Helpmann Awards, which "recognise distinguished artistic achievement and excellence in the many disciplines of Australia's vibrant live performance sectors". The award is presented to the producer of an opera, that is first performed in Australia during the eligibility period.
Subhash Bhoir
Subhash Ganu Bhoir (born 2 June 1958) is an Indian Shiv Sena politician from Thane district, Maharashtra. He is a former member of the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly, representing the Kalyan Rural constituency in the 13th Assembly. He is also former Member of Maharashtra Legislative Council.

Maharashtra Legislative Assembly
The Maharashtra Legislative Assembly (ISO: Mahārāṣṭra Vidhānasabhā) is the lower house of the bicameral legislature of Maharashtra state in western India. It consists of 288 members directly elected from single-seat constituencies. The Assembly meets at Vidhan Bhavan in Mumbai, though the winter session is held in Nagpur. Along with the Maharashtra Legislative Council, it constitutes the legislature of Maharashtra. The presiding officer of the Assembly is the Speaker. Members of the Assembly are directly elected by the people of Maharashtra through elections held every five years, unless the Assembly is dissolved earlier. The current Assembly was elected in November 2024.