hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tree of Knowledge (film)
Tree of Knowledge (Danish: Kundskabens træ) is a 1981 Danish coming-of-age drama directed by Nils Malmros. The film details the lives of 17 teenage schoolmates in 1950s Denmark. Shooting on location at the high school which he had attended, Malmros took two years to film the action, so the cast members reflected the real-life physical and emotional development of their characters.

Despite critical praise, Tree of Knowledge received only two awards: the Danish Film Critics Bodil Award for Jan Weincke's cinematography, and the Audience Award at the Lübeck Nordic Film Festival. Tree of Knowledge is one of the top 100 Danish films listed by the Danish Film Institute and is one of ten films listed in the cultural canon of Denmark by the Danish Ministry of Culture.

The film was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1982 Cannes Film Festival and was selected as the Danish entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 55th Academy Awards, but was not accepted as a nominee.

Minister for Culture (Denmark)
The Danish minister of culture (Danish: Kulturminister) is the political minister office responsible for culture, head of the Ministry of Culture.

The political responsibility for culture, as well as church and education, was with the kultus minister from 1848 to 1916 when that post was split up into the posts of education minister and church minister. From 1916 the church minister had political responsibility for culture, until the post of Minister for Culture was created in 1961.

The office was titled Minister for Cultural Affairs (Minister for kulturelle anliggender) from 1961 to 1988, Culture and Communications Minister (Kultur- og kommunikationsminister) from 1986 to 1988, and Minister for Culture (Kulturminister) from 1988 to the present (as of 2025).
Portraits in the Characters of the Muses in the Temple of Apollo
Portraits in the Characters of the Muses in the Temple of Apollo is a 1778 painting by the English artist Richard Samuel. It depicts nine prominent British literary and artistic women as Muses in the Temple of Apollo and is also 
known as The Nine Living Muses of Great Britain. It was exhibited at the Royal Academy's Summer Exhibition in 1779.

The women depicted were noted intellectuals associated with the Blue Stockings Society. Those portrayed are (left to right, standing) Elizabeth Carter, Anna Laetitia Barbauld, Elizabeth Ann Linley, Hannah More and Charlotte Lennox and (left to right, seated) Angelica Kauffman, Catharine Macaulay, Elizabeth Montagu and Elizabeth Griffith. It is now in the collection of the National Portrait Gallery, having been purchased in 1972.

Hannah More
Hannah More (2 February 1745 – 7 September 1833) was an English religious writer, philanthropist, poet, and playwright in the circle of Johnson, Reynolds and Garrick, who wrote on moral and religious subjects.

Born in Bristol, she taught at a school her father founded there and began writing plays. She became involved in the London literary elite and a leading Bluestocking member. Her later plays and poetry became more evangelical. She joined the Clapham Sect, a group opposing the slave trade. In the 1790s, she wrote Cheap Repository Tracts on moral, religious and political topics, to distribute to the literate poor (as a retort to Thomas Paine's Rights of Man). Meanwhile, she broadened her links with schools she and her sister Martha had founded in rural Somerset. These curbed their teaching of the poor, allowing limited reading but no writing. More was noted for her political conservatism, being described as an anti-feminist, a counter-revolutionary, or a conservative feminist.
CV Haro
Club Voleibol Haro, also known as Haro Rioja Voley is a Spanish volleyball club from Haro in La Rioja. Founded in 1996, it is best known for its women's team, which has played in the Superliga since 2008. In 2012, it won the national cup and supercup, and it was the championship's runner-up.

Haro, La Rioja
Haro (Spanish: [ˈaɾo] ⓘ) is a town and municipality in the northwest of La Rioja province in Northern Spain. It hosts the annual Haro Wine Festival, as it produces red wine. Its architectural heritage includes the plateresque main entrance of the Church of Santo Tomás, the work of Felipe Vigarny, numerous palaces, and the old town, which was declared a Historic-Artistic Site in 1975.

Haro was the first town in Spain to have electric street lighting.
Tomruksuyu
Tomruksuyu is a neighbourhood of the municipality and district of Samandağ, Hatay Province, Turkey. Its population is 3,722 (2022). Before the 2013 reorganisation, it was a town (belde). It is to the north of the highway connecting Samandağ to Antakya (the capital of the province). The distance to Samandağ is 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) and to Antakya is 15 kilometres (9.3 mi).

The settlement was founded in 1807 during the Ottoman Empire era, after an earthquake. Between 1918 and 1938, like most other settlements in Liwa Iskenderun it was under French rule and a part of Syria. The original name was Karamanlı. But after 1960, it was renamed Tomruksuyu.  In 1999 it was declared a seat of township. Vegetables and olive are the two important crop of Tomruksuyu.

2013 Turkish local government reorganisation
Municipalities (Turkish: belediyeler)  are the basic units of local government in Turkey.  According to the Turkish Statistical Institute the population of Turkey was 76,667,864 as of 31 December 2013. The majority of the population live in settlements with municipalities.  The number of municipalities in Turkey was 2,947 in 2009.  But in 2013, most of the small town (Turkish: belde) municipalities were merged to district (Turkish: ilçe) municipalities by the Act 6360 which came into effect at the 2014 local elections sharply decreased the number of municipalities to 1,394.
Apennins
Apennins (French pronunciation: [apɛnɛ̃]) was a department of the First French Empire of 1805-1814 in present-day Italy. Named after the Apennine Mountains, it originated on 6 June 1805, after France had directly annexed the Ligurian Republic (formerly the Republic of Genoa) on 4 June 1805. Its capital was Chiavari.

Disbanded after the defeat of Napoleon in 1814, the Congress of Vienna awarded the old territory of Genoa to the Kingdom of Sardinia (December 1814). The area of the former département forms parts of the Italian provinces of Genoa, La Spezia, Massa-Carrara and Parma.

Province of La Spezia
The province of La Spezia (Italian: provincia della Spezia; Ligurian: provinsa dea Spèza) is a province in the Liguria region of Italy. Its capital is the city of La Spezia. It has 214,986 inhabitants in 32 municipalities.
Hanaford Valley
Hanaford Valley is a valley in the U.S. state of Washington. The landform, often divided geographically into three sections, spans from the Skookumchuck River east into central Lewis County. Parts of the valley also reside in Thurston County. A smaller, distinct valley known as Little Hanaford Valley is located to the south near Ham Hill and China Creek in Centralia.

The landform is bordered and interspersed with steep, rounded hills and numerous pocket valleys of fertile, but poorly drained soils. Coal seams were once abundant. Several streams course through Hanaford Valley and the region contains a variety of plant and bird species.

The valley was once home to the informal community of Hanaford and contained other towns, usually formed in response to coal mining or timber harvesting. Named after an early settler family, the area was used primarily by residents for farming and livestock.

Thurston County, Washington
Thurston County is a county located in the U.S. state of Washington. As of the 2020 census, its population was 294,793. The county seat is Olympia, the state capital.

Thurston County was created out of Lewis County by the government of Oregon Territory on January 12, 1852. At that time, it covered all of the Puget Sound region and the Olympic Peninsula. On December 22 of the same year, Pierce, King, Island, and Jefferson counties were split off from Thurston County. It is named after Samuel R. Thurston, the Oregon Territory's first delegate to Congress. Today, the county includes the southernmost part of the South Puget Sound and areas south along the I-5 corridor.

Thurston County comprises the Olympia–Lacey–Tumwater, WA Metropolitan Statistical Area and is included in the Seattle–Tacoma, WA Combined Statistical Area.
She Who Dared
She Who Dared is an American opera written and composed by Jasmine Arielle Barnes and Deborah D.E.E.P. Mouton. The opera follows seven women in the U.S. civil rights movement: Aurelia Browder, Claudette Colvin, Susie McDonald, Rosa Parks, Jeanetta Reese, Jo Ann Robinson, and Mary Louise Smith. It was commissioned by American Lyric Theater and premiered on June 3, 2025 at the Chicago Opera Theater, in the Studebaker Theater in Chicago, Illinois.

The work is the duo's first full length opera, and is thought to be the first professionally-produced opera written by two Black women. It combines classical music with "soul, gospel and protest music". The work has an all-Black cast.

Mouton was inspired to write the opera after learning she was related to Aurelia Browder. The creative duo began working on the piece in 2022. Chicago Opera Theater received an NEA grant in the amount of $30,000 for the world premiere production.

Aurelia Browder
Aurelia Shines Browder Coleman (January 29, 1919 – February 4, 1971) was an African-American civil rights activist in Montgomery, Alabama. In April 1955, almost eight months before the arrest of Rosa Parks and a month after the arrest of Claudette Colvin, she was arrested for refusing to give up her bus seat to a white rider.
Congregibacter litoralis
Congregibacter litoralis KT71 is a gram-negative Gammaproteobacteria part of the NOR5/OM60 Clade discovered in seawater from Heligoland, an island in the North Sea by H. Eilers from the Max Planck Institute for Microbiology. C. litoralis KT71 is described as a pleomorphic bacterium and has a size of 2 x 0.5 μm.  When grown in culture, C. litoralis KT71 has a generation time of 4.5 hours and prefers to grow on complex substrates where the sole carbon source is undefined, though it can utilize some sole carbon sources because they are most likely used by the organism for its central metabolism.

Pleomorphism (microbiology)
In microbiology, pleomorphism (from Ancient Greek πλέω-, pléō, "more", and -μορφή, morphḗ, form), also pleiomorphism, is the ability of some microorganisms to alter their morphology, biological functions or reproductive modes in response to environmental conditions. Pleomorphism has been observed in some members of the Deinococcaceae family of bacteria. The modern definition of pleomorphism in the context of bacteriology is based on variation of morphology or functional methods of the individual cell, rather than a heritable change of these characters as previously believed.
Andrew Ballard
Christianity portal

Andrew Edgar Ballard  (born 14 January 1944) is an Anglican priest. He was Archdeacon of Rochdale from 2000 to 2005; and Archdeacon of Manchester from 2005 to 2009.

He was educated at Rossall School, St John's College, Durham and Westcott House, Cambridge. He was ordained in 1969. After curacies at St Mary's, Bryanston Square and St Mary's Portsea, the largest parish in that city, he held incumbencies in Haslingden, Walkden, Little Hulton and Farnworth before his appointment as Archdeacon.

His father was also Archdeacon of Rochdale, from 1966 to 1972.

Haslingden
Haslingden /ˈhæzlɪŋdən/ is a town in Rossendale, Lancashire, England. It is 16 miles (26 km) north of Manchester. The name means 'valley of the hazels' or 'valley growing with hazels'. At the time of the 2011 census the town (including Helmshore) had a population of 15,969. The town is surrounded by high moorland; 370 m (1215 ft) to the north; 396 m (1300 ft) Cribden to the east; 418 m (1372 ft) Bull Hill to the south.

Haslingden is the birthplace of the industrialist John Cockerill (1790–1840) and the composer Alan Rawsthorne (1905–1971), and 
was the home for many years of the Irish Republican leader, Michael Davitt (1846–1906). Haslingden Cricket Club is a member of the Lancashire League.
Melide, Spain
Melide (Spanish: Mellid) is a municipality in the province of A Coruña in the autonomous region of Galicia in northwest Spain. It belongs to the comarca of Terra de Melide. It has an area of 101 km2 and a population of 7,734 inhabitants mostly spread among its 26 parishes. It has an elevation of 456 meters.

Province of A Coruña
The province of A Coruña (Galician: provincia da Coruña [pɾoˈβinθjɐ ðɐ koˈɾuɲɐ]; Spanish: provincia de La Coruña [la koˈɾuɲa] ⓘ; historical English: Corunna) is the northwesternmost province of Spain, and one of the four provinces which constitute the autonomous community of Galicia. This province is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean to the west and north, Pontevedra Province to the south and Lugo Province to the east. It has a population of 1,128,449 across its 93 municipalities.
Spomenka Hribar
Spomenka Hribar (born 25 January 1941) is a Slovenian author, philosopher, sociologist, politician, columnist, and public intellectual. She was one of the most influential Slovenian intellectuals in the 1980s, and was frequently called "the First Lady of Slovenian Democratic Opposition", and "the Voice of Slovenian Spring" She is married to the Slovenian Heideggerian philosopher Tine Hribar.

Columnist
A columnist is a person who writes for publication in a series, creating an article that usually offers commentary and opinions. Columns appear in newspapers, magazines and other publications, including blogs. They take the form of a short essay by a specific writer who offers a personal point of view. Columns are sometimes written by a composite or a team, appearing under a pseudonym, or (in effect) a brand name. Columnists typically write daily or weekly columns. Some columns are later collected and reprinted in book form.
The Just Joans
The Just Joans are a Scottish indie pop band formed in Glasgow in 2005. Fronted by siblings David Pope (guitars, vocals, songwriting) and Katie Pope (vocals, artwork), the band gained cult popularity for their "acerbic yet winsome Scottish indiepop". Initially a bedroom lo-fi recording project, David Pope in time enlisted more members to expand the recorded sound and to take the music live.

The band's music is often described as 'the missing link between The Magnetic Fields and The Proclaimers' and 'Shambling indie pop in the vein of early Pastels, those home-recorded Belle & Sebastian efforts or the early Postcard singles.

The Magnetic Fields
The Magnetic Fields are an American band founded and led by Stephin Merritt. Merritt is the group's primary songwriter, producer, and vocalist, as well as frequent multi-instrumentalist. The band is named after the André Breton/Philippe Soupault novel Les Champs Magnétiques.

The band released their debut single "100,000 Fireflies" in 1991. The single was typical of the band's earlier career, characterized by synthesized instrumentation by Merritt, with lead vocals provided by Susan Anway (and then by Stephin Merritt himself, from the House of Tomorrow EP onwards). A more traditional band later materialized; it is now composed of Merritt, Claudia Gonson, Sam Davol, and John Woo, with occasional guest vocals by Shirley Simms. The band's best-known work is the 1999 three-volume concept album 69 Love Songs. It was followed in the succeeding years by a "no-synth" trilogy: i (2004), Distortion (2008), and Realism (2010). The band's latest album, Quickies, was released on May 29, 2020.
South-West France (European Parliament constituency)
South-West France was a former European Parliament constituency. It consisted of the regions of Aquitaine (now part of region Nouvelle-Aquitaine) and Occitania. Ahead of the 2019 European Parliament election, it was abolished in favor of a single national vote.

Aquitaine
Aquitaine (UK: /ˌækwɪˈteɪn/, US: /ˈækwɪteɪn/; French: [akitɛn] ⓘ; Occitan: Aquitània [akiˈtanjɔ]; Basque: Akitania; Poitevin-Saintongeais: Aguiéne), archaic Guyenne or Guienne (Occitan: Guiana), is a historical region of southwestern France and a former administrative region. Since 1 January 2016 it has been part of the administrative region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine. It is situated in the southwest corner of metropolitan France, along the Atlantic Ocean and the Pyrenees mountain range on the border with Spain. It is composed of five departments: Dordogne, Lot-et-Garonne, Pyrénées-Atlantiques, Landes, and Gironde. The Romans established Gallia Aquitania as a province. In the Middle Ages, Aquitaine was a kingdom and a duchy whose boundaries fluctuated considerably. For most of Aquitaine's written history, Bordeaux has been a vital port and administrative centre.
Tax protester constitutional arguments
Tax protesters in the United States advance a number of constitutional arguments asserting that the imposition, assessment and collection of the federal income tax violates the United States Constitution. These kinds of arguments, though related to, are distinguished from statutory and administrative arguments, which presuppose the constitutionality of the income tax, as well as from general conspiracy arguments, which are based upon the proposition that the three branches of the federal government are involved together in a deliberate, on-going campaign of deception for the purpose of defrauding individuals or entities of their wealth or profits.  Although constitutional challenges to U.S. tax laws are frequently directed towards the validity and effect of the Sixteenth Amendment, assertions that the income tax violates various other provisions of the Constitution have been made as well.

Cheek v. United States
Cheek v. United States, 498 U.S. 192 (1991), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court reversed the conviction of John L. Cheek, a tax protester, for willful failure to file tax returns and tax evasion, who was convicted again during retrial. The Court held that an actual good-faith belief that one is not violating the tax law, based on a misunderstanding caused by the complexity of the tax law, negates willfulness, even if that belief is irrational or unreasonable. The Court also ruled that an actual belief that the tax law is invalid or unconstitutional is not a good faith belief based on a misunderstanding caused by the complexity of the tax law, and is not a defense.
Juneau County Courthouse
The Juneau County Courthouse, located at 220 E. State St. in Mauston, Wisconsin, was built with Works Project Administration assistance.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.  It was designed in Moderne style by architects Hougen & Henderson.

A foundation stone indicates the year 1939; it was completed in 1941.  It is a three-story building built on a raised basement, with setbacks as it rises, and is 164 by 70 feet (50 m × 21 m)in plan at its base.

It was built in two stages:  first an "addition" started in 1938 to a pre-existing courthouse, then a second unit built over the razed pre-existing building.

Moderne architecture
Moderne architecture, also sometimes referred to as Style Moderne, Art Moderne, or simply Moderne, Jazz Age Moderne, jazz modern or Jazz Style, describes certain styles of architecture popular from 1925 through the 1940s. It is closely related to Art Deco.
Olinalá (craftwork)
The olinalá (Spanish pronunciation: [olina'la]) is a lacquering technique native to Olinalá, Guerrero, Mexico. To make objects with olinalá, the aromatic wood extracted from the linaloe tree (Bursera linanoe) is highly appreciated. It grows naturally in the region. The art of olinalá is closely associated with the indigenous communities of the area, mainly speaking Nahuatl and Tlapanec.

Although the most popular product is olinalá boxes and trunks, this artisan technique can also be applied to trays, fruit bowls, reliquaries, jewelry boxes, folding screens, headboards for the bed, seats, frames for mirrors and paintings, lecterns, breadboxes or tecomates (calabash bowls).

It is one of the 18 Mexican Designation of Origin, since 1994.

In 1993, the lacquering handicraftsmen from Olinalá received the National Prize for Arts in the Popular Arts and Traditions category.

Breadbox
A breadbox (chiefly American) or a breadbin (chiefly British) is a container for storing bread and other baked goods to keep them fresh. They were a more common household kitchen item until bread started being made commercially with food preservatives and wrapped in plastic. Breadboxes are still used by many people to store commercially purchased bread, but are used more especially by people who bake bread at home. They are usually made of metal, wood or sometimes pottery (pottery breadboxes are also called bread crocks). Old breadboxes can be collectible antiques.

Breadboxes are most commonly big enough to fit one or two average size loaves of bread—up to about 16 inches wide by 8 to 9 inches high and deep (40 cm × 20 cm × 20 cm).
Askol-e Sofla
Askol-e Sofla (Persian: اسکل سفلی, Sorani Kurdish: ئەسکۆڵی خواروو, also Romanized as Askol-e Soflá and Askol-e Khwaru; also known as Askol-e Pā’īn) is a village in Zarivar Rural District, in the Central District of Marivan County, Kurdistan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 616, in 134 families. The village is populated by Kurds.

Central Kurdish
Central Kurdish, also known as Sorani Kurdish, is a Kurdish language variety spoken in Iraq, mainly in Iraqi Kurdistan, as well as the Iranian provinces of Kurdistan, Kermanshah, and West Azerbaijan. Central Kurdish is one of the two official languages of Iraq, along with Arabic, and is in administrative documents simply referred to as "Kurdish".

The term Sorani, named after the Soran Emirate, refers to a variety of Central Kurdish based on the dialect spoken in Slemani. Central Kurdish is written in the Kurdo-Arabic alphabet, an adaptation of the Arabic script developed in the 1920s by Sa'ed Sidqi Kaban and Taufiq Wahby.
Bronygarth
Bronygarth is a small village in the Ceiriog Valley near Oswestry in Shropshire, England at grid reference SJ268370. The village is on the England–Wales border with some buildings in Wales in the Glyntraian local government community.

Glyntraian
Glyntraian (Welsh: Glyntraean) is a community in Wrexham County Borough, Wales.

The parish of Glyntraian, lying at the mouth of the Ceiriog Valley, was formed when the ancient parish of Llangollen was divided into three traeanau ("traean/traian" being the Welsh for "third"): Llangollen Traean, Trefor Traean, and Glyn Traean - which became known as Glyntraian.

It contained the historic townships of Cilcochwyn, Crogeniddon, Crogenwladus, Erwallo, Hafodgynfor, Nantygwryd, Pennant and Talygarth.

Today, Glyntraian contains the villages of Dolywern, Llechrydau, Llwynmawr and Pontfadog;  it is governed by Glyntraian Community Council (Welsh: Cyngor Cymuned Glyntraean), which replaced Glyntraian Parish Council under the Local Government Act 1972. At the 2001 Census, the community area had a total population of 878, falling to 822 at the 2011 Census.
Changer le monde
"Changer le monde" is a song by French singer Priscilla Betti. Released as a digital single on December 9, 2016, it reached number 120 in France.

The song is part of Priscilla Betti's sixth studio album, titled La vie sait, that appeared six months later (on May 19, 2017).

Priscilla Betti
Préscillia Cynthia Samantha Betti (born 2 August 1989 in Nice), known professionally as Priscilla or Priscilla Betti, is a French singer and actress. She released her first single at the age of 12, and has released six albums. She played the main role of Tina Ravel in the French teen musical TV series Studio 24 from 2008 to 2011.