hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Paul Dietel
Paul Dietel (15 February 1860, Greiz – 30 October 1947, Zwickau) was a German mycologist.

He studied mathematics and natural sciences at the universities of Leipzig, Berlin and Göttingen, and afterwards worked as a schoolteacher in Greiz, Leipzig, Reichenbach im Vogtland and Glauchau.

He specialized in research of rust fungi (Uredinales) — from 1887 to 1943 he was the author of 150 scientific papers on rusts. His extensive treatment of rust fungi in Engler and Prantl's Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien was recognized as its definitive account for many years.

In 1897 Paul Christoph Hennings named the genus Dietelia (family Pucciniosiraceae) in his honor.

Mycology
Mycology is the branch of biology concerned with the study of fungi, including their taxonomy, genetics, biochemical properties, and use by humans. Fungi can be a source of tinder, food, traditional medicine, as well as entheogens, poison, and infection. Yeasts are among the most heavily utilized members of the fungus kingdom, particularly in food manufacturing.

Mycology branches into the field of phytopathology, the study of plant diseases. The two disciplines are closely related, because the vast majority of plant pathogens are fungi. A biologist specializing in mycology is called a mycologist.
1972–73 Gold Cup
The 1972–73 Gold Cup was the 54th edition of the Gold Cup, a cup competition in Northern Irish football.

The tournament was won by Linfield for the 25th time, defeating Portadown 2–0 in the final at Castlereagh Park.

Portadown F.C.
Portadown Football Club is a professional Northern Irish football club who play in the NIFL Premiership.

The club was formed in 1887 as a junior team seeking to participate in the Mid-Ulster Cup, eventually joining the Irish League with the support of other local clubs in 1924. Portadown are part of the Mid-Ulster F.A.

They are based in Portadown, County Armagh and play their home matches at Shamrock Park. The club's colours are red and white. Their home are kit consists of red shirts, red shorts and red socks with white trim on all.

The club badge shows an apple due to Armagh being the 'Orchard County', a shamrock for their home venue and location in Ireland, and a rose for the McGredy family rose growers. The red and white stripes represent Portadown railway station as the 'Hub of the North'.

The club's main rivals are Glenavon, with their matches being known as the "Mid Ulster Derby". The club also has a longstanding rivalry with Glentoran.
Centrolepis mutica
Centrolepis mutica is a species of plant in the Restionaceae family and is found in Western Australia.

The annual herb has a slender habit and typically grows to a height of approximately 3 to 7 centimetres (1.18 to 2.76 in). It blooms between November and December producing green flowers.

It is found in winter wet areas along the west coast in the Wheatbelt, South West and Peel regions of Western Australia where it grows in sandy-clay soils.

Restionaceae
The Restionaceae, also called restiads and restios, are a family of flowering plants native to the Southern Hemisphere; they vary from a few centimeters to 3 meters in height. Following the APG IV (2016): the family now includes the former families Anarthriaceae, Centrolepidaceae and Lyginiaceae, and as such includes 51 genera with 572 known species. Based on evidence from fossil pollen, the Restionaceae likely originated more than 65 million years ago during the Late Cretaceous period, when the southern continents were still part of Gondwana.
Kyaw Thet
Kyaw Thet (Burmese: ကျော်သက်, pronounced [tɕɔ̀ θɛʔ]; 1921–2008) was a historian of Burma, and professor of Asian Studies at University of Windsor, Ontario, Canada.  He was formerly a professor of Burmese and Eastern History Studies at the University of Rangoon. He is of Burman and Mon descent. Kyaw Thet received his bachelor's degree at the University of Rangoon, and master's degrees at the University of London, and Ph.D from University of London in 1950 with the thesis Burma's Relations with Her Eastern Neighbours In The Konbaung Period.  He was also a visiting professor at Yale University.

Bamar people
The Bamar people (Burmese: ဗမာလူမျိုး, ba. ma lu myui: IPA: [bə.mà lù mjó]; also known as Burmese people or Burmans) are a Sino-Tibetan-speaking ethnic group native to Myanmar (formerly known as Burma). With an estimated population of around 35 million people, they are the largest ethnic group in Myanmar, accounting for 68.78% of the country's total population. The geographic homeland of the Bamar is the Irrawaddy River basin. The Bamar speak the Burmese language which serves as the national language and lingua franca of Myanmar.
Gachedili Canyon Natural Monument
Gachedili Canyon Natural Monument (Georgian: მარტვილის კანიონი) also known as  Abasha Canyon Natural Monument (Georgian: აბაშის კანიონის ბუნების ძეგლი) and  Martvili Canyon (Georgian: მარტვილის კანიონი) is an Abasha river erosion canyon  located in Samegrelo region of Western Georgia in Martvili Municipality near Gachedili village, 240 meters above sea level. The water in the Abasha river has deep green color in the canyon. The Gachedili Canyon Natural Monument is located 6 km from the popular Balda Canyon Natural Monument. A canyon visitor center is located in the village Great Inchkhuri  on the northern outskirts of the Martvili.

Martvili
Martvili (Georgian: მარტვილი) is a small town in Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti province of Western Georgia. Its monastery was Samegrelo's clerical centre in the Middle Ages. Under Soviet rule, from 1936 to 1990, it was named Gegechkori after Sasha Gegechkori, an Old Bolshevik.
Turbomeca Arrius
The Turbomeca Arrius is one of a family of turboshaft engines for helicopter use, first produced in 1981. As of 2012, some 2,700 units had been sold. Power ranges between 357 kW (479 shp) and 530 kW (710 shp) for different versions. 
Following Turbomeca tradition, the Arrius was named after a Pyrenean peak (pic d'Arrius), located in the Ossau Valley near Pau.

Turboshaft
A turboshaft engine is a form of gas turbine that is optimized to produce shaft horsepower rather than jet thrust. In concept, turboshaft engines are very similar to turbojets, with additional turbine expansion to extract heat energy from the exhaust and convert it into output shaft power. They are even more similar to turboprops, with only minor differences, and a single engine is often sold in both forms.

Turboshaft engines are commonly used in applications that require a sustained high power output, high reliability, small size, and light weight. These include helicopters, auxiliary power units, boats and ships, tanks, hovercraft, and stationary equipment.
288th Guards Artillery Brigade (Russia)
The 288th Guards Artillery Brigade (Russian: 288-я гвардейская артиллерийская бригада) (MUN 30683) is a tactical formation of the Ground Forces of the Russian Armed Forces. The brigade is stationed in the village of Mulino in the Nizhny Novgorod Oblast. The formation is part of the 1st Guards Tank Army.

Military Unit Number
A Military Unit Number (Russian: войсковая часть, в/ ч; Ukrainian: військова частина, в/ ч) is a unique numeric code assigned to military units of the Soviet Union and some Post-Soviet states. It is usually a four or five digit code for the purpose of identifying units of the armed forces and internal troops.

Military Unit Numbers for ground forces are assigned for a specific military unit (corps, division, brigade, etc.) while for the navy it is assigned to an individual ship. The number is also used for the unit's military mail and other logistics.
Novaya Mikhaylovka
Novaya Mikhaylovka (Russian: Новая Михайловка) is a rural locality (a village) in Maloyazovsky Selsoviet, Salavatsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 7 as of 2010. There is 1 street.

Salavatsky District
Salavatsky District (Russian: Салава́тский райо́н; Bashkir: Салауат районы, Salawat rayonı) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the northeast of the republic and borders Duvansky District in the north, Kiginsky District in the northeast, Chelyabinsk Oblast in the east, south, and west, and Nurimanovsky District in the west. The area of the district is 2,182 square kilometers (842 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Maloyaz. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 26,566, with the population of Maloyaz accounting for 18.5% of that number.
Spinule
Spinules are small spines or thorns (vertebral columns) that are part of biological and manmade structures. The word originates from the Latin word spinula and is often used in botany and zoology.

The presence or absence of spinules, and their shape, can differentiate species and is used to describe and distinguish anatomical features. The development of spinules in the eye may be affected by dopamine, circadian rhythms, and exposure to light or dark environments, according to a studies of controlling mechanisms.

liquid-crystal displays (LCDs) can employ an anisotropic conducting film (ACF) that "consists of an epoxy resin and nickel particles with spinules".

Anisotropy
Anisotropy (/ˌænaɪˈsɒtrəpi, ˌænɪ-/) is the structural property of non-uniformity in different directions, as opposed to isotropy. An anisotropic object or pattern has properties that differ according to direction of measurement. For example, many materials exhibit very different physical or mechanical properties when measured along different axes, e.g. absorbance, refractive index, conductivity, and tensile strength.

An example of anisotropy is light coming through a polarizer. Another is wood, which is easier to split along its grain than across it because of the directional non-uniformity of the grain (the grain is the same in one direction, not all directions).
Tiirimetsa
Tiirimetsa is a village in Saaremaa Parish, Saare County, Estonia, on the island of Saaremaa. As of the 2011 census, the settlement's population was 50.

An Orthodox church called the Church of the Nativity was built in the 19th century but it has now fallen into ruin.
A schoolhouse was built in the village in 1936 and it functioned as a school until 1988.

Saaremaa
Saaremaa (/ˈsɑːrəmɑː/; Estonian: [ˈsɑˑreˌmɑː]) is the largest and most populous island in Estonia. Measuring 2,673 km2 (1,032 sq mi), its population is 31,435 (as of January 2020). The main island of the West Estonian archipelago (Moonsund archipelago), it is located in the Baltic Sea, south of Hiiumaa island and northwest of the Gulf of Riga. The administrative centre of the island, and of the Saare maakond (county), is the town of Kuressaare.

From the 13th century until the first half of the 20th century, the island of Saaremaa was known in most of the world by variants of its other historical name Ösel.
Hormisdas Pilon
Hormisdas Pilon (April 1, 1857 – July 15, 1937) was a Quebec politician. He was the Member of the Quebec Legislative Assembly for 30 years.

Pilon, born in Vaudreuil, Canada East. He studied in general medicine at Collège Bourget in Rigaud and then studied veterinarian medicine. He practised his profession for several years and later was also a farmer as well as a school commissioner in Vaudreuil for 12 years.  He also served as the mayor of the Saint-Michel-de-Vaudreuil parish from 1900 to 1911.

He was first elected in the Vaudreuil riding as a Quebec Liberal Party member in a by-election in 1901. He was later re-elected for seven other terms until 1931. While he was never a Cabinet Minister, Pilon did serve as Chief Whip of the government.

Canada East
Canada East (French: Canada-Est) was the northeastern portion of the Province of Canada. Lord Durham's Report investigating the causes of the Upper and Lower Canada Rebellions recommended merging those two colonies. The new colony, known as the Province of Canada, was created by the Act of Union 1840 passed by the Parliament of the United Kingdom, having effect in 1841. For administrative purposes, the new Province was subdivided into Canada West and Canada East.  The former name of "Lower Canada" came back into official use in 1849, and as of Canadian Confederation of 1867 it formed the newly created province of Quebec.

An estimated 890,000 people lived in Canada East in 1851.
Chingola (constituency)
Chingola is a constituency of the National Assembly of Zambia. It covers the southern and western parts of Chingola and a rural area to the south-west of the city, including the town of Kashamata in Chingola District of Copperbelt Province.

The constituency was created in 1954 when the Mufulira–Chingola was split into two constituencies.

Chingola
Chingola is a town in Zambia's Copperbelt Province, the country's copper-mining region, with a population of 256,560 (2022 census). It is the home of Nchanga Copper Mine, a deep-shaft high-grade content copper mining operation, which subsequently (in the 1960s) led to the development of two open pit operations, Chingola Open Pit and then Nchanga Open Pit (the latter being the second largest open cast mine in the world).
The Party (The Party album)
The Party is the debut album by the band of the same name.  It was the first full-length release on Hollywood Records, which was released in America in August 1990. The Party worked with the industry's top writers and producers at the time, such as Stephen Bray, Jellybean Benitez, Andre Cymone, and Deborah Gibson. The album was released in the UK in 1992, with a slightly different track listing.

The album produced two U.S. charting singles:  "That's Why" reached #55 on the Billboard Hot 100 and #52 on Cash Box.  Its follow-up, "Summer Vacation," reached #86 after having peaked a year earlier at #72 in the summer of 1990 as an advance single. Although "That's Why", "Summer Vacation" and "Peace, Love and Understanding" were released in the UK, none of them made it into the charts.

Barry Mann
Barry Mann (born Barry Imberman; February 9, 1939) is an American songwriter and musician, and was part of a successful songwriting partnership with his wife, Cynthia Weil.

He has written or co-written 53 hits in the UK and 98 in the US.
Munich East
Munich East (German: München-Ost) is an electoral constituency (German: Wahlkreis) represented in the Bundestag. It elects one member via first-past-the-post voting. Under the current constituency numbering system, it is designated as constituency 217. It is located in southern Bavaria, comprising the eastern part of the city of Munich.

Munich East was created for the inaugural 1949 federal election. Since 2013, it has been represented by Wolfgang Stefinger of the Christian Social Union (CSU).

1949 West German federal election
A federal election was held in West Germany on 14 August 1949 to elect the members of the first Bundestag, with a further eight seats elected in West Berlin between 1949 and January 1952 and another eleven between February 1952 and 1953. They were the first free federal elections in West Germany since 1933 and the first after the division of the country.

The CDU/CSU formed a centre-right coalition government with the FDP and the DP.
Witold Bańka
Witold Bańka (Polish pronunciation: [vʲitɔld baɲka] ⓘ; born 3 October 1984) is a Polish former 400 metres sprinter turned politician. Since 2015, he served as Minister of Sport and Tourism in the cabinet of Beata Szydło and cabinet of Mateusz Morawiecki. In May 2019, he was elected President of the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA).

Ministry of Sport and Tourism (Poland)
Ministry of Sport and Tourism of the Republic of Poland was created on August 23, 2005 by decision of the Council of Ministers under then - Prime Minister Marek Belka.

It was renamed on July 23, 2007 when tourism was placed under ministry authority.

Ministry goals:

Overseeing sport clubs

Matters related to sport

Matters related to tourism

State-controlled Polska Konfederacja Sportu (Polish Sport Union) became integral part of the ministry.
Defenders Day (Maryland)
Defenders Day is a longtime legal holiday on September 12, in the U.S. state of Maryland, in the City of Baltimore and surrounding Baltimore County. It commemorates the successful defense of the city of Baltimore on September 12-13-14, 1814 from an invading British force during the War of 1812, an event which led to the writing of a poem, which when set to music a few days later, became known as "The Star-Spangled Banner", which in 1931 was designated as the national anthem of the United States.

Holiday
A holiday is a day or other period of time set aside for festivals or recreation. Public holidays are set by public authorities and vary by state or region. Religious holidays are set by religious organisations for their members and are often also observed as public holidays in religious majority countries. Some religious holidays, such as Christmas, have become secularised by part or all of those who observe them. In addition to secularisation, many holidays have become commercialised due to the growth of industry.

Holidays can be thematic, celebrating or commemorating particular groups, events, or ideas, or non-thematic, days of rest that do not have any particular meaning. In Commonwealth English, the term can refer to any period of rest from work, such as vacations or school holidays. In American English, "the holidays" typically refers to the period from Thanksgiving to New Year's (late November to January 1), which contains many important holidays in American culture.
Night of Too Many Stars
Night of Too Many Stars is a fundraising telethon for autism. It has been held every two or three years since 2003. The event was founded by Robert Smigel after learning that his son was diagnosed with autism. Comedian Jon Stewart often hosts the show.

Howie Mandel
Howard Michael Mandel (born November 29, 1955) is a Canadian comedian, television personality, actor, and producer. Mandel is known for voicing Gizmo in the 1984 film Gremlins and the 1990 sequel Gremlins 2: The New Batch; playing rowdy emergency room resident Dr. Wayne Fiscus on the NBC medical drama St. Elsewhere; and creating and starring in the Fox children's cartoon Bobby's World. He has also been a judge on NBC's America's Got Talent since 2010, and Citytv's Canada's Got Talent since 2022. He hosted the American NBC and later CNBC game show Deal or No Deal, as well as the show's daytime and Canadian-English counterparts.
Katsuzō Toyota
Katsuzō Toyota (Japanese: 豊田勝蔵) (27 December 1882 – 23 November 1939) was Director of the Karafuto Agency (5 August 1926 – 27 July 1927). He was also mayor of Hagi, Yamaguchi and Governor of Fukui Prefecture (1924–1926). He was a graduate of the University of Tokyo. He was a member of the Government-General of Taiwan.

Karafuto Prefecture
Karafuto Prefecture (樺太庁, Karafuto-chō; Japanese pronunciation: [ka.ɾa.ɸɯ̥.to]) was established  by the Empire of Japan in 1907 to govern the southern part of Sakhalin. This territory became part of the Empire of Japan in 1905 after the Russo-Japanese War, when the portion of Sakhalin south of 50°N was ceded by the  Russian Empire under the Treaty of Portsmouth.

Karafuto Prefecture was established in 1907 to govern Karafuto, which was part of Japan's External Land (Gaichi), until it was incorporated into an Inner Land (Naichi) of the Japanese metropole in April 1943. Ōtomari (Korsakov) was the capital of Karafuto from 1905 to 1908 and Toyohara (Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk) from 1908 to 1945.

In August 1945, the Japanese administration ceased to function following the Soviet invasion of South Sakhalin. The Soviet Union annexed Karafuto Prefecture, although it continued to exist under Japanese law until Japan formally abolished it in June 1949.
Robert Wright (English cricketer)
Robert Wright (19 July 1852 – 25 May 1891) was an English first-class cricketer.

Born Robert Wright Ward, in Adwalton, Leeds, Yorkshire, England, he played for the North of England against the South of England at Lord's in 1875, and in two matches for Yorkshire County Cricket Club against Middlesex and Surrey in 1877. A right-handed middle order batsman, Wright scored 37 runs at 7.40, with a highest score of 22 on his county debut against Middlesex. He slipped down the order in the defeat against Surrey, and his services were not required again. His right arm, round arm slow bowling was not called upon. He scored five and four runs in the North's ten wicket defeat, against a South team which featured W. G. Grace.

Wright died in January 1891 in Oldham, Lancashire, at the age of 39.

South of England cricket team
The South of England played from 1836 and 1961, most often in the showcase North v. South matches against the North of England, although there were also games against touring teams, Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) and others.

The South became a major and prestigious team in 19th-century English cricket due to its composition from some of the best players in county cricket. The North v South match was one of the major fixtures in the 19th-century cricketing calendar, along with Gentlemen v Players.
Kinomichi
Kinomichi (氣之道) is a martial art in the tradition of budō, developed from the Japanese art aikido by Masamichi Noro and founded in Paris, France, in 1979. Masamichi Noro was one of the live-in students (uchideshi) of Morihei Ueshiba, the founder of aikido. Designated "Delegate for Europe and Africa" by Morihei Ueshiba, Noro debarked in Marseille on September 3, 1961, preceding Nakazono and Tamura in the communal construction of a European and African aikido. In France, Kinomichi is affiliated with the Fédération Française d’Aïkido, Aïkibudo, Kinomichi et disciplines Associées (FFAAA) and maintains warm relations with the Aikikai Foundation and its leader, Moriteru Ueshiba, the grandson of aikido’s founder.

Uchi-deshi
Uchi-deshi (内弟子, lit. 'inside student') is a Japanese term for a live-in student/apprentice who trains under and assists a sensei on a full-time basis. The system exists in  
kabuki, rakugo, shogi, igo, aikido, sumo, karate and other modern Japanese martial arts.
Helen Eisenman
Helen Milsted Eisenman (June 19, 1928 – May 26, 2017) was an Austrian-born American feature film subtitler who worked from the 1960s to the 1990s, becoming one of the best-known subtitlers in the United States. She has been referred to as the 'Queen of Subtitlers'.

The Restless Conscience: Resistance to Hitler Within Germany 1933–1945
The Restless Conscience: Resistance to Hitler Within Germany 1933–1945 is a 1992 American documentary film directed by Hava Kohav Beller. It was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature.