hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Caramel corn
Caramel corn or caramel popcorn (toffee popcorn in the UK) is a confection made of popcorn coated with a sugar or molasses-based caramel candy shell that is normally less than 1 mm thick. Typically a sugar solution or syrup is made and heated until it browns and becomes thick, producing a caramelized candy syrup. This hot candy is then mixed with popped popcorn, and allowed to cool. Sometimes, a candy thermometer is used, as making caramel is time-consuming and requires skill to make well without burning the sugar. The process creates a sweet flavored, crunchy snack food or treat. After coating with the candy syrup, some varieties are baked in an oven to crisp the mixture. Mixes sometimes contain nuts, such as peanuts, pecans, almonds, or cashews.

Caramelization
Caramelization (or caramelisation) is a process of browning of sugar used extensively in cooking for the resulting butter-like flavor and brown color. The brown colors are produced by three groups of polymers: caramelans (C24H36O18), caramelens (C36H50O25), and caramelins (C125H188O80). As the process occurs, volatile chemicals such as diacetyl (known for its intense butter-like taste) are released, producing the characteristic caramel flavor.

Like the Maillard reaction, caramelization is a type of non-enzymatic browning. Unlike the Maillard reaction, caramelization is  pyrolytic, as opposed to being a reaction with amino acids.

When caramelization involves the disaccharide sucrose, it is broken down into the monosaccharides fructose and glucose.
Pirna station
Pirna station is the largest railway station in the town of Pirna in the German state of Saxony. The station is integrated into the network of the Dresden S-Bahn. It is also the starting point of a Regionalbahn service and a Regional-Express stop.

Regional-Express
In Germany, Luxembourg, Austria and Slovakia,  the  Regional-Express (pronounced [ʁeɡi̯oˈnaːlʔɛksˌpʁɛs] ⓘ; RE, or in Austria and Slovakia: REX) is a type of regional train. It is similar to a semi-fast train, with a top speed of 160 km/h (100 mph) and an average speed of about 70–90 km/h (45–55 mph) as it calls at fewer stations than Regionalbahn (in Austria: Regionalzug) or S-Bahn trains, but stops more often than Intercity or Intercity Express services.
Salomé Ureña
Salomé Ureña Díaz de Henríquez (October 21, 1850 – March 6, 1897) was a Dominican poet and teacher, being one of the central figures of 19th-century lyrical poetry and advocator for women's education in the Dominican Republic, influenced by the positivist schools and the normal education of Eugenio María de Hostos, of whom she was an advantaged student. Her works focused on patriotism and family environment.

Although not very extensive, she managed to attract the attention of much of Latin America due to the depth of  her works. Among her most notable works are: Offering to the Homeland, The bird and the nest and Shadows, To my mother, among others.

Eugenio María de Hostos
Eugenio María de Hostos y de Bonilla (January 11, 1839 – August 11, 1903), known as El Gran Ciudadano de las Américas ("The Great Citizen of the Americas"), was a Puerto Rican educator, philosopher, intellectual, lawyer, sociologist, novelist, and Puerto Rican independence advocate.
Battles in the North
Battles in the North is the third studio album by Norwegian black metal band Immortal. It was released on May 15, 1995 through Osmose Productions. It picks up where its predecessor, Pure Holocaust, left off, featuring extreme tempos, low-fidelity production, and lyrics about coldness or wintery landscapes. This is the first album where the concept of Blashyrkh becomes a central focus. It is the last album to feature Abbath on drums.

Fidelity
Fidelity is the quality of faithfulness or loyalty. Its original meaning regarded duty in a broader sense than the related concept of fealty. Both derive from the Latin word fidēlis, meaning "faithful or loyal". In the City of London financial markets it has traditionally been used in the sense encompassed in the motto "my word is my bond".
2014 Malaysian Open – Doubles
Shuko Aoyama and Chang Kai-chen were the defending champions, but decided not to participate this year.

Tímea Babos and Chan Hao-ching won the title, defeating Chan Yung-jan and Zheng Saisai in the final, 6–3, 6–4.

Chan Hao-ching
Chan Hao-ching (Chinese: 詹皓晴; pinyin: Zhān Hàoqíng;  Taiwanese  Mandarin: [tsán.xâu.tɕʰǐŋ]; born September 19, 1993), also known as Angel Chan, is a Taiwanese professional tennis player. She is primarily a doubles specialist, having won twenty-one WTA Tour, two WTA Challenger and six ITF titles in that discipline. Chan reached the final of the mixed-doubles competition at Wimbledon with Max Mirnyi in 2014, her first major final. She reached two more finals in 2017, the Wimbledon women's doubles with Monica Niculescu, and the US Open mixed doubles with Michael Venus.
Garfield merchandise
Garfield merchandise is the merchandise based on the "Garfield" comic strip by Jim Davis. Garfield is one of the world's most prominent and widely syndicated comic strips, and was specifically designed to be marketable. Before the sale of Paws, Inc. in August 2019, all the profits from merchandise went to Paws, Inc., of which Jim Davis is the CEO and founder. The following is a compiled list of selected merchandise based on the franchise.

Garfield: The Movie
Garfield: The Movie (or simply Garfield) is a 2004 American live-action animated comedy film based on Jim Davis' comic strip Garfield. Directed by Peter Hewitt and written by Joel Cohen and Alec Sokolow, it was produced and distributed by 20th Century Fox with the co-production of Davis Entertainment Company, and stars Breckin Meyer as Jon Arbuckle, Jennifer Love Hewitt as Dr. Liz Wilson and features Bill Murray as the voice of Garfield, who was created with computer-generated imagery.

Garfield: The Movie was released in the United States on June 11, 2004. Despite receiving negative reviews from critics, the film was a commercial success, grossing $208.1 million worldwide on a $50 million production budget. A sequel, Garfield: A Tail of Two Kitties, was released in 2006. The film is also dedicated to Lorenzo Music, the original voice of Garfield, who died on August 4, 2001.
MONC
MONC or Monc can refer to:

Metropolitan Opera National Company, an American opera company from 1965 to 1967

Men of North Country, an Israeli soul band

Monchio delle Corti (called "Monc" in Parmigiano), a commune in Italy

Misspelling of monk, or a person who practices religious ascetism

Metropolitan Opera National Company
The Metropolitan Opera National Company (MONC) was a short lived American opera company that operated from 1965 to 1967 as a second touring company of the Metropolitan Opera that featured American and Canadian artists in their early stages of career development. While operationally part of the Metropolitan Opera's budget, it was co-sponsored by the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts. Led by mezzo-soprano Risë Stevens, the company's roster of artists included many prominent opera singers of the second half of the 20th century in the early part of their careers.
Nicholas Hill (Virginia Burgess)
Lieutenant Colonel Nicholas Hill (c. 1603 – October 1675) was a politician and planter in the English colony of Virginia. He served in the House of Burgesses 1659–1666, representing Isle of Wight County.

Hill was born in England around 1603. By 1635, he was living in Elizabeth City County, Virginia. In 1653 he married Silvestra Bennett, daughter of the Puritan Edward Bennett. He served as a major in the Isle of Wight county militia and was elected to represent the county from 1659 to 1666. He was later promoted to lieutenant colonel. On April 19, 1675 he made out his will and died before October 20, 1675 when his will was probated at the county court.

Elizabeth City County, Virginia
Elizabeth City County was a county in southeastern Virginia from 1634 until 1952 when it was merged into the city of Hampton. Originally created in 1634 as Elizabeth River Shire, it was one of eight shires created in the Virginia Colony by order of the King Charles I. In 1636, it was subdivided, and the portion north of the harbor of Hampton Roads became known as Elizabeth City Shire. It was renamed Elizabeth City County a short time later.
Réka Jakab
Réka Jakab (born 5 February 1987 in Győr) is a Hungarian football midfielder, currently playing for Győri Dózsa in Női NB I. She has also played for 1. FC Femina, with whom she took part in the 2007-08 UEFA Women's Cup. She is a member of the Hungarian national team.

Női NB I
The Női NB I (Hungarian: Női Nemzeti Bajnokság, for "Women's National Championship"), also known as the Simple by DTP Női Liga for sponsorship reasons, is the top-level women's football league in Hungary. Organized by the Hungarian Football Federation, it features twelve teams. The champion qualifies for a spot in the UEFA Women's Champions League.
Grădinile
Grădinile is a commune in Olt County, Oltenia, Romania. It is composed of three villages: Arvăteasca, Grădinile, and Plăviceanca. These were part of Studina Commune until 2004, when they were split off.

The commune is situated on the Wallachian Plain. It is located in the southern part of Olt County, at a distance of 20 km (12 mi) from Caracal and Corabia, and 63 km (39 mi) from the county seat, Slatina.

Oltenia
Oltenia (Romanian pronunciation: [olˈtenia]), also called Lesser Wallachia in antiquated versions – with the alternative Latin names Wallachia Minor, Wallachia Alutana, and Wallachia Caesarea between 1718 and 1739 – is a historical province and geographical region of Romania in western Wallachia. It is situated between the Danube, the Southern Carpathians and the Olt river.
Perutz
Perutz is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Leo Perutz (1882–1957), Czech-Austrian novelist and mathematician

Max Ferdinand Perutz (1914–2002), Austrian-British molecular biologist

Robin Perutz (born 1949), son of Max, chemist

Otto Perutz (1847–1922), Czech-German chemist

Robin Perutz
Robin Perutz FRS (born December 1949, in Cambridge) is a professor of Inorganic Chemistry at the University of York, where he was formerly head of department between 2000 and 2004. He is also the son of the Nobel Prize winner Max Perutz.

Perutz's research spans inorganic chemistry, photochemistry, and catalysis. In particular, his interests lie in the mechanistic details of homogeneous catalysis by transition metal complexes, and is responsible for many techniques used in the field. Perutz's research has enabled chemists to take a different approach to fundamental reactions and many industrial processes.
SPIN (operating system)
The SPIN operating system is a research project implemented in the computer programming language Modula-3, and is an open source project. It is designed with three goals: flexibility, safety, and performance. SPIN was developed at the University of Washington.

The kernel can be extended by dynamic loading of modules which implement interfaces that represent domains. These domains are defined by Modula-3 INTERFACE. All kernel extensions are written in Modula-3 safe subset with metalanguage constructs and type safe casting system. The system also issued a special run-time extension compiler.

One set of kernel extensions provides an application programming interface (API) that emulates the Digital UNIX system call interface. This allows Unix applications to run on SPIN.

Interface (computing)
In computing, an interface is a shared boundary across which two or more separate components of a computer system exchange information. The exchange can be between software, computer hardware, peripheral devices, humans, and combinations of these. Some computer hardware devices, such as a touchscreen, can both send and receive data through the interface, while others such as a mouse or microphone may only provide an interface to send data to a given system.
Hadspen House
Hadspen House of Hadspen, Somerset, England is built of Cary stone, mined from Hadspen Quarry. The stone is a soft limestone known for its deep burnt-orange colour. It is an inferior oolite of the Garantiana Beds and dates to the Middle Jurassic. The house has been designated by English Heritage as a grade II* listed building.

Oolite
Oolite or oölite (from Ancient Greek  ᾠόν (ōión) 'egg stone') is a sedimentary rock formed from ooids, spherical grains composed of concentric layers. Strictly, oolites consist of ooids of diameter 0.25–2 millimetres; rocks composed of ooids larger than 2 mm are called pisolites. The term oolith can refer to oolite or individual ooids.
Balāde par gulbi
Balāde par gulbi (English: Ballad about a Swan) is a song by Latvian Rock band Pērkons, written by Māris Melgalvis (lyrics) and Juris Kulakovs (music) in 1979 and recorded in 1983. Written while Latvia was still part of USSR, it is noted for its anti-soviet subtext. The opening part of the song deals with a crow with no sense of humor sitting on a fresh grave and forcing her opinion on everyone. However, after some time, the crow begins to sense something odd about the grave and relives her own tragedy. It is not until the end, when the crow has had enough of the bitter silence, that she realizes what has happened to her and that the crow is "the woman she loves".
Most of the song dwells on the stupidity of killing a swan, but in the end resolves that the swan is so red that one cannot help killing it (consider that in the early 1980s soviet leaders were dying one after another and were usually mourned by broadcasting Tchaikovsky's Swan Lake).

Swan
Swans are birds of the genus Cygnus within the family Anatidae. The swans' closest relatives include geese and ducks. Swans are grouped with the closely related geese in the subfamily Anserinae, forming the tribe Cygnini. Sometimes, they are considered a distinct subfamily, Cygninae. They are the largest waterfowl and are often among the largest flighted birds in their range.

There are six living and many extinct species of swan; in addition, there is a species known as the coscoroba swan, which is no longer considered one of the true swans. Swans usually mate for life, although separation sometimes occurs, particularly following nesting failure, and if a mate dies, the remaining swan will take up with another. The number of eggs in each clutch ranges from three to eight.
Brother Sport
"Brother Sport" is the third single from Animal Collective's 2009 album Merriweather Post Pavilion, released on November 9, 2009 by Domino Records. The single is available as a 10" vinyl single and as a digital download. It was written by  Panda Bear to encourage his brother into talking about previous ordeals that had troubled him. The single's B-side is a live recording of "Bleed" with an extended jam linking into "What Would I Want? Sky" recorded May 27, 2009 at Henry Miller Memorial Library, Big Sur, CA.

New Musical Express called it a "resplendent orgy of Afrobeat pop with touches of hard house, like Orbital double-dropping with Fela Kuti or Vampire Weekend in space." In 2012, Stereogum ranked the song number two on their list of the 10 greatest Animal Collective songs, and in 2015, Paste ranked the song number one on their list of the 12 greatest Animal Collective songs.

Henry Miller Memorial Library
The Henry Miller Memorial Library is a nonprofit arts center, bookstore, and performance venue in Big Sur, California, documenting the life of the late writer and artist Henry Miller. Emil White built the house for himself in the mid-1960s. After Miller died in 1980, White dedicated the property as a memorial to Miller and as a gallery where local artists could show their work. In 1981, with the help of the Big Sur Land Trust, White formally organized "The Henry Miller Memorial Library". White was director of the institution until he died in 1989. The Big Sur Land Trust managed the library until October 1998, when the non-profit The Henry Miller Memorial Library Inc. was created to sustain the library.
Death and state funeral of Chiang Kai-shek
On April 5, 1975, at 23:50 TWT, Chiang Kai-shek, Generalissimo and President of the Republic of China, died of a heart attack resulting from kidney failure caused by advanced heart failure and pneumonia at the Taipei Veterans General Hospital in Taipei, Taiwan, at the age of 87.

Generalissimo
Generalissimo (/ˌdʒɛn(ə)rəˈlɪsɪmoʊ/ JEN-(ə-)rə-LIS-ih-moh), also generalissimus, is a military rank of the highest degree, superior to field marshal and other five-star ranks in the states where they are used.
739 Mandeville
739 Mandeville is a minor planet located in the asteroid belt. Its absolute magnitude is 8.50. It was discovered on 7 February 1913 by Joel Hastings Metcalf in Winchester, Massachusetts, and assigned the provisional code 1913 QR. A later, duplicate discovery was assigned the code 1963 HE.

The orbital characteristics are calculated from the epoch of 4 January 2010, at which time 739 Mandeville had an orbital period of 1656 days and an orbital axis of 2.74 AU with eccentricity 0.14. Thus, its minimum distance from the sun was 2.35 and its maximum was 3.13. Its orbital inclination was found to be 20.71°, and its mean anomaly 116.58°.

Joel Hastings Metcalf
Joel Hastings Metcalf (January 4, 1866 – February 23, 1925) was an American astronomer, humanitarian and minister.

Reverend Metcalf graduated from Harvard Divinity School in 1892. He served as a Unitarian minister in Burlington, Vermont and in Taunton, Massachusetts, Winchester, Massachusetts and Portland, Maine.

He discovered or co-discovered several comets, including 23P/Brorsen-Metcalf and 97P/Metcalf-Brewington, and also 41 asteroids during 1905–1914, as credited by the Minor Planet Center.

Two of his discoveries, the main-belt asteroids 726 Joëlla and 792 Metcalfia, were named in his honor.
Princess Royal (1794 ship)
Princess Royal was launched at Great Yarmouth in September 1794 and for the next three years traded with the West Indies. She made one voyage for the British East India Company (EIC) in 1797-8. On her return she resumed general trading. In 1822 and again in 1829 she transported convicts to New South Wales. She was last listed in Lloyd's Register in 1834.

Penal transportation
Penal transportation (or simply transportation) was the relocation of convicted criminals, or other persons regarded as undesirable, to a distant place, often a colony, for a specified term; later, specifically established penal colonies became their destination. While the prisoners may have been released once the sentences were served, they generally did not have the resources to return home.
Wiedemann–Franz law
In physics, the Wiedemann–Franz law states that the ratio of the electronic contribution of the thermal conductivity (κ) to the electrical conductivity (σ) of a metal is proportional to the temperature (T).

Theoretically, the proportionality constant L, known as the Lorenz number, is equal to

where kB is the Boltzmann constant and e is the elementary charge.

This empirical law is named after Gustav Wiedemann and Rudolph Franz, who in 1853 reported that κ/σ has approximately the same value for different metals at the same temperature. The proportionality of κ/σ with temperature was discovered by Ludvig Lorenz in 1872.

Boltzmann constant
The Boltzmann constant (kB or k) is the proportionality factor that relates the average relative thermal energy of particles in a gas with the thermodynamic temperature of the gas. It occurs in the definitions of the kelvin (K) and the molar gas constant, in Planck's law of black-body radiation and Boltzmann's entropy formula, and is used in calculating thermal noise in resistors. The Boltzmann constant has dimensions of energy divided by temperature, the same as entropy and heat capacity. It is named after the Austrian scientist Ludwig Boltzmann.

As part of the 2019 revision of the SI, the Boltzmann constant is one of the seven "defining constants" that have been defined so as to have exact finite decimal values in SI units. They are used in various combinations to define the seven SI base units. The Boltzmann constant is defined to be exactly 1.380649×10−23 joules per kelvin, with the effect of defining the SI unit kelvin.
Ivan Isakov
Ivan Stepanovich Isakov (Armenian: Հովհաննես Իսակով, Russian: Иван Степанович Исаков; 22 August [O.S. 10 August] 1894 – 11 October 1967), born Hovhannes Ter-Isahakyan, was a Soviet Armenian military commander, Chief of Staff of the Soviet Navy, Deputy USSR Navy Minister, and held the rank of Admiral of the Fleet of the Soviet Union. He played a crucial role in shaping the Soviet Navy, particularly the Baltic and Black Sea flotillas during the Second World War. Aside from his military career, Isakov became a member and writer of the oceanographic committee of the Soviet Union Academy of Sciences in 1958 and, in 1967, became an honorary member of the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic's Academy of Sciences.

Armenian National Academy of Sciences
The National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia (NAS RA) (Armenian: Հայաստանի Հանրապետության գիտությունների ազգային ակադեմիա, ՀՀ ԳԱԱ, Hayastani Hanrapetut’yan gitut’yunneri azgayin akademia) is the Armenian national academy, functioning as the primary body that conducts research and coordinates activities in the fields of science and social sciences in Armenia. It is a member of the International Science Council.
Dieter Misgeld
Dieter Misgeld (born 1938) is a German-Canadian philosopher. He was a professor of philosophy of education in the department of Theory and Policy Studies at the Ontario Institute for Studies in Education (OISE), at University of Toronto for 35 years. Born in Germany, Misgeld studied philosophy with Gadamer and Habermas before moving to Canada. He is known for his research on social theory, human rights, political philosophy, hermeneutics and the philosophy of Jürgen Habermas and Hans-Georg Gadamer.

A biography of Misgeld (Dieter Misgeld: A Philosopher’s Journey from Hermeneutics to Emancipatory Politics) was written by Hossein Mesbahian and Trevor Norris, and published in 2017 by a subsidiary of Brill Publishers.

Ontario Institute for Studies in Education
The Ontario Institute for Studies in Education (OISE) is the school of education at the University of Toronto.

It is located at 252 Bloor Street West in Toronto, Ontario, directly above the St. George subway station. The OISE-affiliated Jackman Institute of Child Study is situated nearby at 45 Walmer Street. Although it is based on the St. George campus, OISE also offers its language and literacies education program on the University of Toronto's Mississauga campus.
Football at the 2018 South American Games
The association football tournament at the 2018 South American Games was held from 27 May to 5 June in Cochabamba, Bolivia.

Men's teams were restricted to under-19 players (born on or after 1 January 1999), while women's teams were restricted to under-20 players (born on or after 1 January 1998).

2018 South American Games
The 2018 South American Games was a multi-sport event that took place in Cochabamba, Bolivia. It was the 11th edition of the ODESUR South American Games.

A total of 373 sporting events are scheduled to be contested across a variety of sports.