hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Samuel Fleming
Samuel Fleming (29 September 1891 – 15 August 1951) was a Scottish footballer who played as an inside right, primarily for Hibernian where he played regularly six seasons from 1911 and 1917; he took part in the 1914 Scottish Cup Final which Hibs lost to Celtic after a replay.

After a year of being registered with Hibernian but without playing for them (the absence possibly relating to World War I commitments) he signed St Mirren, but only stayed there for a matter of weeks, making one Scottish Football League appearance before moving on to Clyde. He remained at Shawfield for four years and was part of a team defeated in a final by Celtic for a second time, this time in the Glasgow Cup of 1920. Fleming signed for Albion Rovers in 1922, and after seemingly having retired two years later, he made another single appearance for a Renfrewshire-based club, this time third-tier Johnstone, in 1926.

Albion Rovers F.C.
Albion Rovers Football Club is a semi-professional football team from Coatbridge, North Lanarkshire, Scotland. They play in the Lowland League, the fifth tier of the Scottish football league system.

Founded in October 1882, the club joined the Scottish Football League in 1903 and, other than four seasons during the First World War when the second tier was abolished, maintained their league membership until they were relegated in the 2022–23 season. During this time, they won three lower division league titles – in 1933–34, 1988–89 and 2014–15; and been promoted on three other occasions – 1937–38, 1947–48 and 2010–11.
Never Had a Lot to Lose
"Never Had a Lot to Lose" is a song by the American rock band Cheap Trick, which was released in 1989 as the fifth and final single from their tenth studio album Lap of Luxury (1988). It was written by lead vocalist Robin Zander and bassist Tom Petersson, and produced by Richie Zito. The song reached No. 75 on the Billboard Hot 100.

Lap of Luxury
Lap of Luxury is the tenth studio album by American band Cheap Trick. Released on April 12, 1988, it is the band's second-most commercially successful studio album (trailing only 1979's Dream Police), reaching number 16 on the Billboard 200 and being certified platinum in sales. The album contains the band's only US number-one hit, "The Flame", as well as the additional hit singles "Don't Be Cruel" (an Elvis Presley cover) and "Ghost Town".
University of Cape Coast Hospital
The University of Cape Coast Hospital is located on the campus of the University of Cape Coast. The hospital provides services to both the university and the communities surrounding the university.

The hospital has several sections: the outpatient clinic department (OPD), the medical laboratory, the male and female wards, and the children's ward.

Outpatient department
An outpatient department (OPD) or outpatient clinic is the part of a hospital designed for the treatment of outpatients, people with health problems who visit the hospital for diagnosis or treatment, but do not at this time require a bed or to be admitted for overnight care. Modern outpatient departments offer a wide range of treatment services, diagnostic tests and minor surgical procedures.
Alpine skiing at the 2010 Winter Olympics – Men's giant slalom
The men's giant slalom competition of the Vancouver 2010 Olympics was held at Whistler Creekside in Whistler, British Columbia. Originally scheduled for February 21, it was rescheduled to February 23, due to delays of preceding alpine events.

Carlo Janka of Switzerland won the gold, with Kjetil Jansrud of Norway taking the silver medal. Fellow countryman Aksel Lund Svindal won the bronze, his third medal at the 2010 Winter Olympics.

Giant slalom
Giant slalom (GS) is an alpine skiing and alpine snowboarding competitive discipline. It involves racing between sets of poles ("gates") spaced at a greater distance from each other than in slalom, but less than in Super-G.

Giant slalom and slalom make up the technical events in alpine ski racing. This category separates them from the speed events of Super-G and downhill.  The technical events are normally composed of two runs, held on different courses on the same ski run.
Inter-universal Teichmüller theory
Inter-universal Teichmüller theory (IUT or IUTT) is the name given by mathematician Shinichi Mochizuki to a theory he developed in the 2000s, following his earlier work in arithmetic geometry. According to Mochizuki, it is "an arithmetic version of Teichmüller theory for number fields equipped with an elliptic curve". The theory was made public in a series of four preprints posted in 2012 to his website. The most striking claimed application of the theory is to provide a proof for various outstanding conjectures in number theory, in particular the abc conjecture. Mochizuki and a few other mathematicians claim that the theory indeed yields such a proof but this has so far not been accepted by the mathematical community.

Arithmetic geometry
In mathematics, arithmetic geometry is roughly the application of techniques from algebraic geometry to problems in number theory. Arithmetic geometry is centered around Diophantine geometry, the study of rational points of algebraic varieties.

In more abstract terms, arithmetic geometry can be defined as the study of schemes of finite type over the spectrum of the ring of integers.
Papyrus roll-tied
The ancient Egyptian Papyrus roll-tied and sealed hieroglyph comes in the common horizontal, or a vertical form (shown in photo). It is juxtaposed against an open scroll, the Papyrus roll-open hieroglyph,

, without the "visible ties". The sealed form can also have a seal impressed (in clay) on the tie, for security, or authentication, (see notarization). Both styles of the papyrus roll, "-tied" or "-open", are a logogram for "roll of papyrus", with a phonetic value of m(dj)3t.

Some artistic versions of the papyrus roll show the laminations, or grid-work, the cross-hatching of the papyrus fibers, for example on Thutmose III's cartouches.

Stamp seal
The stamp seal (also impression seal) is a common seal die, frequently carved from stone, known at least since the 6th millennium BC (Halaf culture) and probably earlier.  The dies were used to impress their picture or inscription into soft, prepared clay and sometimes in sealing wax.

The oldest stamp seals were button-shaped objects with primitive ornamental forms chiseled onto them. The stamp seals were replaced in the 4th millennium BC by cylinder seals that had to be rolled over the soft clay to leave an imprint. From the 12th century BC the previous designs were largely abandoned in favor of amphora stamps. Romans introduced their signaculum around the first century BC; Byzantine maintained the tradition in their commercial stamps.

In antiquity the stamp seals were common, largely because they served to authenticate legal documents, such as tax receipts, contracts, wills and decrees.
Elsie, Kentucky
Elsie is an unincorporated community in Magoffin County, Kentucky, United States.  It lies along U.S. Route 460 northwest of the city of Salyersville, the county seat of Magoffin County. It sits along a stretch of the Licking River and includes the side valleys of Wolf Branch, Buck Branch, Cripple Creak, and Greasy Creak.  Its elevation is 850 feet (259 m).

A post office was established in Elsie in 1911, and named for the daughter of the first postmaster.

Licking River (Kentucky)
The Licking River is a partly navigable, 303-mile-long (488 km) tributary of the Ohio River in northeastern Kentucky. The river and its tributaries drain much of the region of northeastern Kentucky between the watersheds of the Kentucky River to the west and the Big Sandy River to the east.  The North Fork Licking River, in Pendleton County, Kentucky, is one of its tributaries.  The South Fork Licking River, in counties including Harrison County, Kentucky, is another.
Calais (Reuters product)
Calais is a service created by Thomson Reuters that automatically extracts semantic information from web pages in a format that can be used on the semantic web. Calais was launched in January 2008, and is free to use. The technology is now available via the website of Refinitiv, a provider of financial market data and infrastructure founded in 2018, that is a subsidiary of London Stock Exchange Group.

The Calais Web service reads unstructured text and returns Resource Description Framework formatted results identifying entities, facts and events within the text. The service appears to be based on technology acquired when Reuters purchased ClearForest in 2007.

The technology has also been used to automatically tag blog articles, and organize museum collections.

Calais uses natural language processing technologies delivered via a web service interface.

Thomson Reuters
Thomson Reuters Corporation (/ˈrɔɪtərz/ ⓘ ROY-tərz) is a Canadian multinational content-driven technology conglomerate. The company was founded in Toronto, Ontario, and maintains its headquarters in the city at 19 Duncan Street.

Thomson Reuters was created by the Thomson Corporation's purchase of the British company Reuters Group on 17 April 2008. It is majority-owned by the Woodbridge Company, a holding company for the Thomson family of Canada.
Chuck Churn
Clarence Nottingham "Chuck" Churn (February 1, 1930 – October 21, 2017) was an American professional baseball player. The native of Bridgetown, Virginia, was a relief pitcher in Major League Baseball who appeared in 25 games for the Pittsburgh Pirates, Cleveland Indians and Los Angeles Dodgers between 1957 and 1959. He threw and batted right-handed and was listed as 6 feet 3 inches (1.91 m) tall and 205 pounds (93 kg).

Games pitched
In baseball statistics, games pitched (denoted by Games G in tables of only pitching statistics) is the number of games in which a player appears as a pitcher. The statistic is also referred to as appearances, especially to refer to the number of games a relief pitcher has pitched in.

Normally, a pitcher must face at least one batter (or three batters in some relief situations), but exceptions are made in the case of injury. A notable example was Larry Yount, who suffered an injury while throwing warmup pitches after being summoned as a reliever in a Major League Baseball (MLB) game on September 15, 1971. He did not face a batter, but was credited with an appearance because he had been announced as a substitute. Yount never appeared in (or actually played in) any other MLB game.
Jack Byrne (footballer, born 1996)
Jack Dylan Byrne (born 24 April 1996) is an Irish professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for League of Ireland Premier Division club Shamrock Rovers. He has four caps for the Republic of Ireland national team, all coming in 2019–2020. He plays mainly as a midfielder but also can play as an attacking midfielder and winger.

President of Ireland's Cup
The President of Ireland's Cup, also known simply as the President's Cup, is an association football super cup featuring clubs from the Republic of Ireland football league system. It is a one-off match between the winners of the previous season's League of Ireland Premier Division and the FAI Cup, and functions both as a domestic Super cup and an unofficial opener to the football season in Ireland. Because it is organised by the Football Association of Ireland, it is sometimes misleadingly referred to as the FAI President's Cup. However the president in the title refers to the President of Ireland and not the president of the FAI. The FAI has previously organised similar competitions, the Top Four Cup and the FAI Super Cup. A similarly named and formatted competition, the LFA President's Cup was organised by the Leinster Football Association.
Western Atlantic seabream
Western Atlantic seabream (Archosargus rhomboidalis) is an ocean-going species of fish in the family, Sparidae. It was first described in 1758 by the "father of modern taxonomy," Carl Linnaeus, in the 10th edition of his book, Systema Naturae. Within their native range, Western Atlantic seabream are also known as the seabream, brim, tropical sheepshead, chopa amarilla, or salema. Although they are eaten, and have been described as pan fish, Western Atlantic seabream have not gained the popularity as a gamefish that their relative, the sheepshead (A. probatocephalus) has.

Panfish
The word panfish, also spelled pan-fish or pan fish, is an American English term describing any edible freshwater fish that usually do not outgrow the size of an average frying pan. It is also commonly used by recreational anglers to refer to any small game fish that can fit wholly into a pan for cooking but are still large enough to be legal. According to the Oxford English Dictionary, the term was first recorded in 1796 in American Cookery, the first known cookbook written by an American author.
1982 Lion Shield
The 1982 season of the Lion Shield was the fourth recorded season of top flight association football competition in Tonga, with the results of any competitions that took place between 1972 and 1981 unknown. Ngeleia won the championship, their second recorded championship since their shared title in 1971–72 with Kolofo'ou No.1 and Veitongo after they all finished level on 18 points after eleven games.

Kolofoʻou No.1
Kolofo'ou No.1 is a football club from Tonga, and played in the Tonga Major League, the highest level of association football competition in Tonga. They were the most successful team in Tonga in the 1970s, winning three consecutive national titles. Their last recorded participation in the Tonga Major League was in 2010.
Klecknersville, Pennsylvania
Klecknersville is an unincorporated community in Moore Township in Northampton County, Pennsylvania. It is part of the Lehigh Valley metropolitan area, which had a population of 861,899 and was the 68th-most populous metropolitan area in the U.S. as of the 2020 census.

Klecknersville is located along Pennsylvania Route 946, northwest of the intersection with Pennsylvania Route 987.

Moore Township, Pennsylvania
Moore Township is a township in Northampton County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population of Moore Township was 9,198 at the 2010 census. The township is located in the Lehigh Valley, which had a population of 861,899 and was the 68th-most populous metropolitan area in the U.S. as of the 2020 census.
1970 NASCAR Grand National Series
The 1970 NASCAR Grand National Series season began on Sunday January 18 and ended on Sunday November 22. Bobby Isaac was the champion of the series as NASCAR transitioned from the Grand National era to the Winston Cup era. Only one foreigner was racing that year, a Canadian named Frog Fagan (who finished 96th in the championship standings). It was also the last NASCAR national touring series season to feature a dirt track race until the 2013 NASCAR Camping World Truck Series, and the last time the Cup series raced on dirt until the 2021 NASCAR Cup Series.

Jabe Thomas
Cerry Ezra "Jabe" Thomas (May 12, 1930 – June 4, 2015) was an American NASCAR Grand National/Winston Cup Series driver who competed from the mid-1960s through the late 1970s. His son Ronnie was also a NASCAR Cup Series driver; competing from 1977 to 1989 and winning NASCAR's Rookie of the Year award in 1978.
Paulie Malignaggi
Paul Malignaggi (/ˈpɔːli ˌmɑːlɪˈnɑːdʒi/ MAH-lih-NAH-jee; born November 23, 1980) is an Italian-American former professional boxer who competed from 2001 to 2017 and has since worked as a boxing commentator and analyst, currently with BYB Extreme Bare Knuckle Fighting Series and ProBox TV alongside Mike Goldberg. He has held the world titles in two weight divisions including the International Boxing Federation (IBF) junior welterweight title from 2007 to 2008, and the World Boxing Association (WBA) welterweight title from 2012 to 2013. Malignaggi was particularly known for his hand speed, boxing ability, athleticism, and durable chin.

Chin (combat sports)
In combat sports such as boxing, kickboxing and mixed martial arts, a fighter's chin is the ability to tolerate physical trauma to the head, in the form of concussive or sub-concussive blows, without being knocked unconscious or severely disoriented.
2024 Asian Women's U18 Volleyball Championship
The 2024 Asian Women's U18 Volleyball Championship was the 15th edition of the Asian Women's U18 Volleyball Championship, a biennial international women's volleyball tournament organized by the Asian Volleyball Confederation (AVC), in 2024 with the Thailand Volleyball Association (TVA), for the under–18 women's national teams of Asia. The tournament was held in Nakhon Pathom, Thailand, from 16 to 23 June 2024.

Same as previous editions, the tournament acted as the AVC qualifiers for the FIVB Volleyball Girls' U19 World Championship. The top four teams qualified for the 2025 FIVB Volleyball Girls' U19 World Championship as AVC's representatives.

A total of 13 teams played in the tournament, with players born on or after 1 January 2007 eligible to participate.

China won their fifth title of the tournament after sweeping Japan in the final. Chinese Taipei defeated Thailand in the third place match (3–0).

2025 FIVB Volleyball Girls' U19 World Championship
The 2025 FIVB Volleyball Girls' U19 World Championship was the 19th edition of the FIVB Volleyball Girls' U19 World Championship, the biennial international youth volleyball championship contested by the women's national teams under the age of 19 of the members associations of the Fédération Internationale de Volleyball (FIVB), the sport's global governing body. It was held in Croatia and Serbia from 2 to 13 July 2025.

Originally planned to be held from 7 to 20 July 2024, the tournament dates were moved up by one week at the hosts' request.

Starting with this edition, the tournament was officially expanded from 20 to 24 teams (although the 2023 edition had already been played with 24 teams), following the decision adopted by FIVB in June 2023.
Progressive Policy Institute
The Progressive Policy Institute (PPI) is a non-profit 501(c)(3) organization that serves as a public policy think tank in the United States. The Democratic Leadership Council (DLC) founded it in 1989. The think tank has been described as a centrist Democratic institution.

501(c) organization
A 501(c) organization is a nonprofit organization in the federal law of the United States according to Internal Revenue Code (26 U.S.C. § 501(c)). Such organizations are exempt from some federal income taxes. Sections 503 through 505 set out the requirements for obtaining such exemptions. Many states refer to Section 501(c) for definitions of organizations exempt from state taxation as well. 501(c) organizations can receive unlimited contributions from individuals, corporations, and unions.

For example, a nonprofit organization may be tax-exempt under section 501(c)(3) if its primary activities are charitable, religious, educational, scientific, literary, testing for public safety, fostering amateur sports competition, or preventing cruelty to children or animals.
Erik Deutsch
Erik Deutsch is an American pianist, keyboardist, composer, arranger, bandleader, and educator. He leads his own band and was a founding member of Fat Mama. Deutsch is also known for his work with Charlie Hunter, Leftover Salmon, Dixie Chicks, Shooter Jennings, Citizen Cope and The Black Crowes.

Jessica Lurie
Jessica Lurie is an American composer, performance artist and woodwind player, originally hailing from Seattle and now living in Brooklyn, New York.

Lurie first gained notice as a member of The Billy Tipton Memorial Saxophone Quartet, an all-female horn ensemble who released its first album in 1993.  In 1995, she also had a first release with the group Living Daylights, which performs jazz-jamband music. She has also performed as the leader of the Jessica Lurie Ensemble since 2002.

She composed music for No Sleep Won't Kill You (2010) by Croatian filmmaker Marko Mestrovic, co-scored with composer Abraham Gomez-Delgado, and Fibonacci Bread (2012), a short animation by Croatian artist Danijel Zezelj.
Jaun Valley
Jaun Valley (German: Jauntal, Slovene: Podjuna) is a valley in Carinthia, Austria, between the upper Drava and the Karawanks, east of the city of Klagenfurt.

Unlike the Gail Valley, the Jaun Valley is not named after a river, but after the ancient Roman settlement of Juenna. Nonetheless, the German name has been traditionally deconstructed as Jaun Valley in English for well over a century and continues to be used today.

Karawanks
The Karawanks or Karavankas or Karavanks (Slovene: Karavanke; German: Karawanken, German pronunciation: [kaʁaˈvaŋkŋ̍] ⓘ) are a mountain range of the Southern Limestone Alps on the border between Slovenia to the south and Austria to the north. With a total length of 120 kilometres (75 mi) in an east–west direction, the Karawanks chain is one of the longest ranges in Europe. It is traversed by important trade routes and has a great tourist significance. Geographically and geologically, it is divided into the higher Western Karawanks and the lower-lying Eastern Karawanks. It is traversed by the Periadriatic Seam, separating the Apulian tectonic plate from the Eurasian Plate.

Near the summit of the Dreiländereck (1,508 m) is the tripoint of the three countries: Austria, Italy and Slovenia.
Pteroceras muriculatum
Pteroceras muriculatum is an endemic endangered orchid reported from the Andaman Islands in the Bay of Bengal. This insular orchid was first described by Reichenbach in 1881 as Thrixspermum muriculatum Rchb. f. based on a few specimens procured during the latter part of 19th century  by Mr W. Bull. This taxon has not been reported until 2005 after the type collection.  During the floristic survey of South Andaman Islands carried out by Sam Mathew for the 'Flora India Project' of the Botanical Survey of India, this taxon was relocated in 1993 from the semievergreen forests at Chidiyatappu region. Pteroceras muriculatum (Reichb. f.) P. F. Hunt is a beautiful small epiphytic orchid having creamy white flowers with distinct transverse purple bands on petals. A living specimen collected from South Andaman Island is conserving at the Field Gene Bank of Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Trivandrum, India.

Botanical Survey of India
Botanical Survey of India (BSI) is an Indian governmental research institution headquartered in Kolkata. It was founded on 13 February 1890 during the British Raj, and is currently under the purview of the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change of the Government of India. The agency is broadly responsible for research and conservation of the flora of India, botanical surveys, collecting and maintaining germplasm, and gene bank of endangered, patent and vulnerable plant species, and contributing to taxonomic research.
Sita Ramam (TV series)
Sitaramam is an Indian Malayalam language family drama television series, starring Snisha Chandran and Vivek Gopan. It premiered on Surya TV on 13 March 2023, and ended on 25 June 2023 and is available for streaming in selected markets on Sun NXT. The show is an official remake of Tamil television series Sevvanthi which is being aired on Sun TV.

Surya TV
Surya TV is an Indian Malayalam language Indian general entertainment pay television channel owned by Sun TV Network. which is headquartered at Thiruvananthapuram. Surya TV HD became the third Malayalam language high-definition channel.
Shaw Neilson
John Shaw Neilson (22 February 1872 – 12 May 1942) was an Australian poet.

For most of his life, Neilson was a labourer, fruit-picking, clearing scrub, navvying and working in quarries, and after 1928, working as a messenger with the Country Roads Board in Melbourne. Largely untrained and only basically educated, Neilson became known as one of Australia's finest lyric poets, who wrote a great deal about the natural world and its beauty.

Angus & Robertson
Angus & Robertson (A&R) is a major Australian bookseller, publisher and printer. As book publishers, A&R has contributed substantially to the promotion and development of Australian literature. The brand currently exists as an online shop owned by online bookseller Booktopia. The Angus & Robertson imprint is still seen in books published by HarperCollins, a News Corporation company.