hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Snyder Estate Natural Cement Historic District
The Snyder Estate Natural Cement Historic District is located in the Town of Rosendale, New York, United States. It is a 275-acre (111 ha) tract roughly bounded by Rondout Creek, Binnewater and Cottekill roads and Sawdust Avenue. NY 213 runs through the lower portion of the district, paralleling the dry bed of the Delaware and Hudson Canal.

Within the district's bounds are 122 contributing properties representing what remains of five plants that produced Rosendale cement, and the homes and dependencies of the Snyder family, who originally owned the land. They range in age from the bed of the canal, where the cement was discovered in 1825 during construction, to some of the last factories built before production was ended in 1970. Included are not just homes, barns, and factories but mines, reservoirs, and a rail siding. After an aborted attempt to secure National Historic Landmark District status in 1978, the district was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.

Croton Aqueduct
The Croton Aqueduct or Old Croton Aqueduct was a large and complex water distribution system constructed as part of the New York City water supply system between 1837 and 1842. The aqueducts, which were among the first in the United States, carried water by gravity 41 miles (66 km) from the Croton River in Westchester County to reservoirs in Manhattan. It was built because local water resources had become polluted and inadequate for the growing population of New York City. Although the aqueduct was largely superseded by the New Croton Aqueduct, which was built in 1885-1890, the Old Croton Aqueduct remained in service until 1955.
John Albano
John F. Albano (September 12, 1922 – May 23, 2005) was an American writer and WW2 veteran who worked in the comic book industry.  He was recognized for his work with the Shazam Award for Best Writer (Humor Division) in 1971, and the Shazam Award for Best Individual Short Story (Dramatic) in 1972 for "The Demon Within", in House of Mystery #201 (with Jim Aparo).

Albano's most famous co-creation is the western anti-hero Jonah Hex for DC Comics; he was the writer of books ranging from Adventure Comics to House of Mystery to Archie. Albano wrote stories for comic book novels and wrote for Archie Comics until about 2003.

Albano also had a single-panel newspaper cartoon, X-Rays, the depicted normally seen and normally unseen parts of a scene. The panel ran from September 14, 1964, to February 27, 1965.

Albano died in an Orlando hospital after suffering a heart attack and subsequent stroke. He was still active and was working on a musical play at the time of his death. He was 82.

Adventure Comics
Adventure Comics is an American comic book series published by DC Comics from 1938 to 1983 and revived from 2009 to 2011. In its first era, the series ran for 503 issues (472 of those after the title changed from New Adventure Comics), making it the fifth-longest-running DC series, behind Detective Comics, Action Comics, Superman, and Batman. The series was revived in 2009 through a new "#1" issue by artist Clayton Henry and writer Geoff Johns. It returned to its original numbering with #516 (September 2010). The series ended again with #529 (October 2011) prior to a company-wide revision of DC's superhero comic book line, known as "The New 52".
Mariano Artigas
Mariano Artigas (1938–2006) was a Spanish physicist, philosopher, and theologian. He wrote The Mind of the Universe: Understanding Science and Religion and fifteen other books on science and religion.

He was a member of the European Society for the Study of Science and Theology and the Académie Internationale de Philosophie des Sciences. He was Consultor of the Pontifical Council for Dialogue with Non-Believers.

In 2002, jointly with other professors, he created the Science, Reason and Faith Research Group (CRYF), based in the University of Navarra, where he taught. The aim of the group is to promote the interdisciplinary study of issues where science, philosophy and theology intertwine.

He held Ph.D.s in physics, philosophy, and theology.

He was ordained a priest on 9 August 1964, and incardinated to the Opus Dei prelature. He was the Dean of the Ecclesiastical Faculty of Philosophy for the University of Navarre from 1988 to 1998.

International Academy of Philosophy of Science
The International Academy for Philosophy of Science, better known as the Académie Internationale de Philosophie des Sciences (AIPS) is an international organization located in Brussels, which promotes fundamental issues of philosophy of science in an open interdisciplinary dialogue. Its members are philosophers of science or leading experts in sciences interested in philosophical questions.
Pune Challenger
The PMRDA (Pune Metropolitan Region Development Authority) Powered Maha Open (previously the KPIT MSLTA Challenger), is a professional tennis tournament, part of the ATP Challenger Tour. It is played on outdoor hardcourts. It has been held annually at the Shree Shiv Chhatrapati Sports Complex in Pune, India since 2014.

Pune Metropolitan Region Development Authority
Pune Metropolitan Region Development Authority is the planning and development authority for the Pune Metropolitan Region. It was notified in the year 2015 and has a jurisdictional area of 7,246.46 km2 (2,797.87 sq mi) with a population of 7.276 million (approximately), it is the 2nd largest urban unit in Maharashtra.

The authority covers the entire talukas of Pune, Pimpri-Chinchwad, Maval, Mulshi, Haveli and parts of Bhor, Daund, Shirur, Chakan, Purandar and Velhe. It has been set up as a legally empowered and a self-financing corporate body by the Urban Development Department of the Government of Maharashtra.
Ctenoimbricata
Ctenoimbricata is an extinct genus of bilaterally symmetrical echinoderm, which lived during the early Middle Cambrian period of what is now Spain. It contains one species, Ctenoimbricata spinosa. It may be the most basal known echinoderm. It resembles the extinct ctenocystoids and cinctans, particularly the basal ctenocystoid Courtessolea. Ctenoimbricata is interpreted as a deposit-feeding pharyngeal basket feeder. It was relatively small, with a body 20 millimetres (0.79 in) long.

Cincta
Cincta is an extinct class of echinoderms that lived only in the Middle Cambrian epoch. Homostelea is a junior synonym. The classification of cinctans is controversial, but they are probably part of the echinoderm stem group.

Cinctans were sessile, asymmetrical animals with a skeleton made of stereom plates and a racquet-shaped body composed of a theca and stele. They may have had a lifestyle similar to modern tunicates, filter-feeding by pumping water through gill slits in their pharynx.
Barneveld Centrum railway station
Barneveld Centrum is a railway station located in Barneveld, Netherlands. The station was opened on 1 May 1902 and is located on the Valleilijn. The station closed on 7 September 1944 and re-opened 20 May 1951. The station is currently operated by Connexxion, previously operated by Nederlandse Spoorwegen.

Connexxion
Connexxion formerly Transdev Netherlands, Veolia Transport Nederlands and Connex Netherlands is a large public transport company in the Netherlands, operating in the west, middle, east, and southwest parts of the country. It is owned by Transdev and Bank Nederlandse Gemeenten. It is a subsidiary of Transdev Netherlands.
Mordellistena olympica
Mordellistena olympica is a species of beetle in the genus Mordellistena of the family Mordellidae, which is part of the superfamily Tenebrionoidea. It was discovered in 1965 and can be found in such countries as Bulgaria, Greece, Kosovo, Montenegro, Serbia, the Republic of Macedonia, and Voivodina.

Mordellidae
The Mordellidae are a family of beetles commonly known as tumbling flower beetles for the typical irregular movements they make when escaping predators, or as pintail beetles due to their abdominal tip which aids them in performing these tumbling movements. Worldwide, there are about 1500 species.
Duroia hirsuta
Duroia hirsuta is a myrmecophyte tree species from the Amazon Forest. It is one of some 37 species of Duroia, which are shrubs or canopy trees in the family Rubiaceae, favoring ants (myrmecophilous), and occurring in Central America as far north as Mexico, the Amazon Basin, the Guiana Shield, the Brazilian Atlantic coast and planalto.

Rubiaceae
Rubiaceae (/ruːbiˈeɪsiːˌiː, -siˌaɪ/) is a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the coffee, madder, or bedstraw family. It consists of terrestrial trees, shrubs, lianas, or herbs that are recognizable by simple, opposite leaves with interpetiolar stipules and sympetalous actinomorphic flowers. The family contains about 14,200 species in about 615 genera, which makes it the fourth-largest angiosperm family by number of species. Rubiaceae has a cosmopolitan distribution; however, the largest species diversity is concentrated in the tropics and subtropics. Economically important genera include  Coffea, the source of coffee; Cinchona, the source of the antimalarial alkaloid quinine; ornamental cultivars (e.g., Gardenia, Ixora, Pentas); and historically some dye plants (e.g., Rubia).
Gymnanthera
Gymnanthera is a genus of vines in the family Apocynaceae (previously Asclepiadaceae), first described as a genus in 1810. It is native to China, Southeast Asia, and Australia.

Selected species

Gymnanthera cunninghamii (Benth.) P.I.Forst. - Enderby Island + Dampier Archipelago of Western Australia

Gymnanthera oblonga (Burm.f.) P.S.Green - S China (Guangdong, Hainan), Cambodia, Indonesia, Malaysia, New Guinea, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam; Australia

Dampier Archipelago
The Dampier Archipelago is a group of 42 islands near the town of Dampier in Pilbara, Western Australia.

The archipelago is also made up of reefs, shoals, channels and straits and is the traditional home of five Aboriginal language groups. It was formed 7000 years ago when rising sea levels flooded what were once coastal plains. The underlying rocks are among the oldest on Earth, formed in the Archaean period more than 2.4 billion years ago.

It is named after William Dampier, an English buccaneer and explorer who visited in 1699. Dampier named one of the islands Rosemary Island.

Despite being a region through which considerable shipping and industrial activity occurs, the archipelago has considerable marine resources.
Rocking the Boat: A Musical Conversation and Journey
Rocking the Boat: A Musical Conversation and Journey is a musical documentary by Hawaii-based film maker Jay Curlee. The feature includes interviews and performances by Delbert McClinton, Marcia Ball, Rodney Crowell, Stephen Bruton, Wayne Toups, Jimmy Hall, Paul Thorn, Jeffrey Steele and Teresa James. Sometime author, musician, sheriff and Texas gubernatorial candidate Kinky Friedman also stars.

The film was the opening night feature of 37th Annual USA Film Festival, April 19, 2007 in Dallas, Texas. It won Best Documentary Feature at the 2007 Woods Hole Film Festival and Best Music Documentary at the 2007 Lone Star International Film Festival.  Rocking the Boat also played the 26th Breckenridge Festival of Film and the 2007 Dixie Film Festival.

Marcia Ball
Marcia Ball (born March 20, 1949) is an American retired blues singer and pianist raised in Vinton, Louisiana.

Ball was described in USA Today as "a sensation, saucy singer and superb pianist... where Texas stomp-rock and Louisiana blues-swamp meet." The Boston Globe described her music as "an irresistible celebratory blend of rollicking, two-fisted New Orleans piano, Louisiana swamp rock and smoldering Texas blues from a contemporary storyteller."
Zohrana
Zohrana is a genus of leaf beetles in the subfamily Eumolpinae. It is known from Africa. It is also sometimes known as Zohranus.

The genus was originally named Liniscus by Édouard Lefèvre in 1885; however, this name was preoccupied by Liniscus Dujardin, 1844 (a nematode genus), so it was renamed to Zohrana by N. A. Aslam in 1968.

Julius Weise
Julius Weise (6 June 1844 – 25 February 1925) was a German entomologist. He specialised in Coleoptera, especially Chrysomelidae and Coccinellidae, and was one of the first entomologists to use genitalia to identify and classify species.

His collections of Chrysomelidae, Coccinellidae, Staphylinidae and Carabidae are in the Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin, and his collections of Cerambycidae and Coccinellidae are in the National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C. Collections of Curculionidae and the Scolytidae are in Senckenberg Museum in Frankfurt, while his collections of Chrysomelidae and the Coccinellidae can be found in the Swedish Museum of Natural History at Stockholm.
Rhodesia Railways 20th class
The Rhodesia Railways 20th class, later Zambia Railways and National Railways of Zimbabwe 20th classes, were among the largest and most powerful steam locomotives in the southern hemisphere.

With 61 locomotives built, they were the fourth largest class of Garratt locomotive built – after the South African Railways class GMA, (120), the Rhodesia Railways 15th class, (74) and the South African Railways class GF (65).

National Railways of Zimbabwe
The National Railways of Zimbabwe (NRZ), formerly Rhodesia Railways (RR), is a state-owned enterprise that operates the country's national railway system; its headquarters are in Bulawayo. It was established in 1893 and is governed by an Act of Parliament. It has a commercial-administrative center in Harare and a supply center in Gweru. The Zimbabwean railway system was largely constructed during the 20th century.
Kong Youde
Kong Youde (Chinese: 孔有德; pinyin: Kǒng Yǒudé; Manchu: ᡴᡠᠩ ᡳᡠᠣ ᡩᡝ; Transliteration of Manchu: kung ioo de; died August 7, 1652) was a Chinese adventurer and Ming dynasty military officer who served under the warlord Mao Wenlong until Mao's death in 1629. Subsequently, he worked for Sun Yuanhua, governor of Shandong, along with Geng Zhongming, his fellow and one of Mao's subordinates. When ordered by Sun to reinforce Zu Dashou at the Battle of Dalinghe in 1631, Kong and Geng mutinied, pillaging the countryside, sacking Dengzhou, and subsequently defecting to the Later Jin dynasty—in 1633. They were joined in 1634 by another former officer under Mao, Shang Kexi. Together, the three were known as the "Three Miners from Shandong" and participated in many campaigns under the Qing dynasty, hastening the demise of the Ming.

Later Jin (1616–1636)
The Later Jin, officially known as Jin or the Great Jin, was a Jurchen-led royal dynasty of China and a khanate ruled by the House of Aisin-Gioro in Manchuria, as the precursor to the Qing dynasty. Established in 1616 by the Jianzhou Jurchen chieftain Nurhaci upon his reunification of the Jurchen tribes, its name was derived from the earlier Jin dynasty founded by the Wanyan clan which had ruled northern China in the 12th and 13th centuries.

In 1635, the lingering Northern Yuan dynasty under Ejei Khan formally submitted to the Later Jin. The following year, Hong Taiji officially renamed the realm to "Great Qing", thus marking the start of the Qing dynasty. During the Ming–Qing transition, the Qing conquered Li Zicheng's Shun dynasty and various Southern Ming claimants and loyalists, going on to rule an empire comprising all of China, stretching as far as Tibet, Manchuria, Mongolia, Xinjiang, and Taiwan until the 1911 Revolution established the Republic of China.
Sulciclivina splendida
Sulciclivina splendida is a species of beetle of the family Carabidae. This species is only known from the type localities in Barway and Nagpur, India.

Adults reach a length of about 5.15 mm and have a glossy, piceous colour. The labrum, intermediate and hind leg are fuscous, while the antenna and tarsomeres of the front leg are fuscous. The sSupraantennal plate at the margin and anterior part of the lateral margin of the pronotum are translucent-fuscous.

Prothorax
The prothorax is the foremost of the three segments in the thorax of an insect, and bears the first pair of legs. Its principal sclerites (exoskeletal plates) are the pronotum (dorsal), the prosternum (ventral), and the propleuron (lateral) on each side. The prothorax never bears wings in extant insects (except in some cases of atavism), though some fossil groups possessed wing-like projections. All adult insects possess legs on the prothorax, though in a few groups (e.g., the butterfly family Nymphalidae) the forelegs are greatly reduced. In many groups of insects, the pronotum is reduced in size, but in a few it is hypertrophied, such as in all beetles (Coleoptera). In most treehoppers (family Membracidae, order Hemiptera), the pronotum is expanded into often fantastic shapes that enhance their camouflage or mimicry. Similarly, in the Tetrigidae, the pronotum is extended backward to cover the flight wings, supplanting the function of the tegmina.
Megalomus carpenteri
Megalomus carpenteri is a species of brown lacewing in the family Hemerobiidae. It is found in North America.  The specific epithet carpenteri honors paleoentomologist Frank M. Carpenter for his taxonomic work on the Neuroptera.

Neuroptera
The insect order Neuroptera, from Ancient Greek νεῦρον (neûron), meaning "nerve", and πτερόν (pterón), meaning "wing", also known as net-winged insects, includes the lacewings, mantidflies, antlions, and their relatives. The order consists of some 6,000 species. Neuroptera is grouped together with the Megaloptera (alderflies, fishflies, and dobsonflies) and Raphidioptera (snakeflies) in the unranked taxon Neuropterida (once known as Planipennia).

Adult neuropterans have four membranous wings, all about the same size, with many veins. They have chewing mouthparts, and undergo complete metamorphosis.

Neuropterans first appeared during the Permian period, and continued to diversify through the Mesozoic era. During this time, several unusually large forms evolved, especially in the extinct family Kalligrammatidae, often called "the butterflies of the Jurassic" for their large, patterned wings.
White Hotel (Manchester)
The White Hotel is an independent arts and music venue and nightclub in Salford, England. It was founded in 2015 in an industrial unit that was previously a vehicle repair garage and is located in the shadow of HMP Manchester. It is named after DM Thomas’ 1981 erotic novel The White Hotel.

It has built a reputation for revitalizing Manchester’s nightlife, its community driven approach acting as a hub for experimental music scenes and its anarchistic approach to conventional commercialism.

The White Hotel
The White Hotel is a novel written by the British (Cornish) poet, translator and novelist D. M. Thomas. It was first published in January 1981 by Gollancz in the United Kingdom and in March 1981 by The Viking Press in the United States.

The narrative is told principally in the form of an erotic journal and letters between the female narrator and a fictionalized Sigmund Freud as well as Freud's case history analysis of the narrator.

The White Hotel won the 1981 Los Angeles Times Book Prize for Fiction, the 1981 Cheltenham Prize for Literature and was shortlisted for the same year's Booker Prize.
Vaour
Vaour (French pronunciation: [vauʁ]; Occitan: Vaur) is a commune and cantonal administrative centre located in the northwestern part of the Tarn department in southern France.

On the north the commune borders the Tarn and Garonne department, and the rising land consists of a gray limestone causse stretching almost to the Averyon river seven or eight kilometers away. Below the commune to the south the landscape consists of the forest of Grésigne - the largest oak forest in the midi - its hills scattered with grassy meadows, and the vineyards of Gaillac.

Vaour contains the ruins of a Templar Commanderie which overlooks the village of Vaour and has commanding views to the South West towards the Pyrenees.  The commune also hosts a performing arts festival each summer known as the Été de Vaour  which attracts visitors and performers from across France and further afield.  The village hosts a market for good local produce each Thursday in the village square.

Canton (administrative division)
A canton is a type of administrative division of a country.  In general, cantons are relatively small in terms of area and population when compared with other administrative divisions, such as counties, departments, or provinces. Internationally, the most politically important cantons are the Swiss cantons. As the constituents of the Swiss Confederation, theoretically and historically, they are semi-sovereign states.

The term is derived from the French word canton, meaning "corner" or "district" (from which "cantonment" is also derived).
PP-90
The PP-90 is a Russian 9 mm folding submachine gun, developed by the KBP Instrument Design Bureau in Tula for use with special units of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs (MVD). It is designed for close quarters combat, particularly engagements that require the weapon to be deployed rapidly in unusual circumstances.

Close-quarters battle
Close-quarters battle (CQB), also called close-quarters combat (CQC), is a close combat situation between multiple combatants involving ranged (typically firearm-based) or melee combat. It can occur between military units, law enforcement and criminal elements, and in other similar situations. CQB is typically defined as a short duration, high intensity conflict characterized by sudden violence at close range.
EP-101
The EP-101 was the first ever electronic miniprinter for printing figures and symbols and was launched by Shinshu Seiki Co., a subsidiary of Suwa Seikosha Co., Ltd, in September 1968. The drum printer wasn't very big, being only 164 mm (6.5 in) in width, 102 mm (4.0 in) in height, 135 mm (5.3 in) in depth and weighed 2.5 kg (5.5 lb). It was created out of development work that Shinshu Seiki did for the Seiko Group when they became the official time-keepers for the 1964 Tokyo Olympic games and needed a machine that could print out times they gathered from their time-pieces.

In 1975, Shinshu Seiki began branding printers as EPSON. The brand name comes from the next generation version of this printer – son of EP, or EP-son. Shinshu Seiki renamed Epson Corporation in 1982 and was merged with Suwa Seikosha to form Seiko Epson Corporation in 1985.

Certified to Mechanical Engineering Heritage (Japan) No. 131, in 2025.

Mechanical Engineering Heritage (Japan)
The Mechanical Engineering Heritage (Japan) (機械遺産, kikaiisan) is a list of sites, landmarks, machines, and documents that made significant contributions to the development of mechanical engineering in Japan. Items in the list are certified by the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers (JSME) (日本機械学会, Nihon Kikai Gakkai).
Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 2nd Earl of Shaftesbury
Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 2nd Earl of Shaftesbury Bt (16 January 1652 – 2 November 1699), known as Lord Ashley from 1672 to 1683, was an English peer and Member of Parliament.

Shaftesbury was the son of Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 1st Earl of Shaftesbury, and Lady Frances Cecil. He was elected to the House of Commons for Weymouth and Melcombe Regis in 1673, a seat he held until 1679. In 1683 he succeeded his father in the earldom and entered the House of Lords.

Lord Shaftesbury married Lady Dorothy Manners, daughter of John Manners, 8th Earl of Rutland, in 1669. He died in November 1699, aged 47, and was succeeded in his titles by his son Anthony, who became a noted philosopher and writer.

Weymouth and Melcombe Regis (UK Parliament constituency)
Weymouth and Melcombe Regis was a parliamentary borough in Dorset represented in the English House of Commons, later in that of Great Britain, and finally in the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It was formed by the Union of Weymouth and Melcombe Regis Act 1571 (13 Eliz. 1. c. 9 Pr.) which amalgamated the existing boroughs of Weymouth and Melcombe Regis. Until 1832, the combined borough continued to elect the four Members of Parliament (MPs) to which its constituent parts had previously been entitled; the Great Reform Act reduced its representation to two Members, and the constituency was abolished altogether in 1885, becoming part of the new South Dorset constituency.