hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Donn J. Robertson
Donn John Robertson (September 9, 1916 – March 4, 2000) was a highly decorated officer of the United States Marine Corps with the rank of lieutenant general. He is most noted for his service as commanding general of III Marine Amphibious Force and 1st Marine Division during Vietnam War.

Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton
Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton is the major West Coast base of the United States Marine Corps and is one of the largest Marine Corps bases in the United States. It is on the Southern California coast in San Diego County and is bordered by Oceanside to the south, San Clemente in Orange County to the north, La Cresta and Murrieta in Riverside County to the northeast, and Fallbrook to the east.

The base was established in 1942 to train U.S. Marines for service in World War II. By October 1944, Camp Pendleton was declared a "permanent installation," and by 1946 it became the home of the 1st Marine Division. It was named after Major General Joseph Henry Pendleton (1860–1942), who had long advocated setting up a training base for the Marine Corps on the West Coast. Today it is home to many Operating Force units, including the I Marine Expeditionary Force and various training commands.
Abeba Birhane
Abeba Birhane is an Ethiopian-born cognitive scientist who works at the intersection of complex adaptive systems, machine learning, algorithmic bias, and critical race studies. Birhane's work with Vinay Prabhu uncovered that large-scale image datasets commonly used to develop AI systems, including ImageNet and 80 Million Tiny Images, carried racist and misogynistic labels and offensive images. She has been recognized by VentureBeat as a top innovator in computer vision and named as one of the 100 most influential persons in AI 2023 by TIME magazine.

Complex adaptive system
A complex adaptive system (CAS) is a system that is complex in that it is a dynamic network of interactions, but the behavior of the ensemble may not be predictable according to the behavior of the components. It is adaptive in that the individual and collective behavior mutate and self-organize corresponding to the change-initiating micro-event or collection of events. It is a "complex macroscopic collection" of relatively "similar and partially connected micro-structures" formed in order to adapt to the changing environment and increase their survivability as a macro-structure. The Complex Adaptive Systems approach builds on replicator dynamics.

The study of complex adaptive systems, a subset of nonlinear dynamical systems, is an interdisciplinary matter that attempts to blend insights from the natural and social sciences to develop system-level models and insights that allow for heterogeneous agents, phase transition, and emergent behavior.
Japanese escort ship Okinawa
Okinawa was an escort ship ("Kaibōkan") of the Imperial Japanese Navy during the Second World War. She belonged to the Ukuru class. The ship is most notable for its possible participation in the sinkings of two submarines.

Kaibōkan
Kaibōkan (海防艦; "sea defence ship") or coastal defense ship was a type of naval ship used by the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II for escort duty and coastal defense. The term escort ship was used by the United States Navy to describe this category of Japanese ships.
Pepper (song)
"Pepper" is a song by American alternative rock band Butthole Surfers from their seventh studio album, Electriclarryland (1996). Released on April 11, 1996, the track reached number one on the Billboard Modern Rock Tracks chart and number 29 on the Billboard Hot 100 Airplay chart, becoming the top-ranked song of 1996 on the former listing. In Australia, the song peaked at number 15 on the ARIA Singles Chart and was ranked number four on Triple J's Hottest 100 of 1996. It also reached number two on the Canadian RPM Alternative 30 and number 32 in New Zealand.

Triple J's Hottest 100 of 1996
The 1996 Triple J Hottest 100, counted down on 26 January 1997, was a countdown of the most popular songs of the year, according to listeners of the Australian radio station Triple J. A CD featuring 31 of the songs was released. A countdown of the videos of most of the songs was also shown on the ABC music series Rage. The 1996 chart marked the first time an Australian band had topped the chart, with Spiderbait taking out top honours.
Thermal loop
A thermal loop is a movement of air driven by warm air rising at one end of the loop, and cool air descending at the other end, creating a constantly moving loop of air. They can be used to precisely control the temperature of a specific area. Thermal loops also occur in liquids.

Thermal loops are size-independent; that is to say, they may occur in a space as small as a room or as large as a global hemisphere. The Hadley cell is an example of a global-scale thermal loop.

Sphere
A sphere (from Ancient Greek σφαῖρα, sphaîra) is a surface analogous to the circle, a curve. In solid geometry, a sphere is the set of points that are all at the same distance r from a given point in three-dimensional space. That given point is the center of the sphere, and the distance r is the sphere's radius. The earliest known mentions of spheres appear in the work of the ancient Greek mathematicians.

The sphere is a fundamental surface in many fields of mathematics. Spheres and nearly-spherical shapes also appear in nature and industry. Bubbles such as soap bubbles take a spherical shape in equilibrium. The Earth is often approximated as a sphere in geography, and the celestial sphere is an important concept in astronomy. Manufactured items including pressure vessels and most curved mirrors and lenses are based on spheres. Spheres roll smoothly in any direction, so most balls used in sports and toys are spherical, as are ball bearings.
Zumiez
Zumiez Inc. (/ˈzuːmiz/) is an American multinational specialty clothing store founded by Thomas Campion and Gary Haakenson in 1978, and publicly traded since 2005. The company is a specialty retailer of apparel, footwear, accessories and hardgoods for young men and women. Zumiez markets clothing for action sports, particularly skateboarding, snowboarding, and motocross. Zumiez is based in Lynnwood, Washington.
The current president and CEO is Richard Brooks.

Originally named "Above the Belt" when the first store was opened at Northgate Mall in 1978, the company grew quickly through the early 1980s with the addition of stores at Everett Mall, Tacoma Mall, Alderwood Mall, and Bellevue Square. The mid and late 1980s brought new stores online outside of the Puget Sound area, and the corporate name changed to Zumiez. The corporate office moved from Everett to Lynnwood, Washington in 2012.

Tacoma Mall
The Tacoma Mall is the largest shopping center in Tacoma, Washington, United States, and is owned and operated by the Simon Property Group. Anchor tenants include Dick's Sporting Goods, JCPenney (originally two levels, but added a third level in 1986), Macy's (originally The Bon Marché), and Nordstrom, with one vacant and demolished anchor last occupied by Sears, which opened in 1981. The mall opened on October 13, 1965.
Michael Burns (Gaelic footballer)
Michael Burns (1961 – 5 May 2015) was an Irish Gaelic footballer who played as a midfielder for the Cork senior team.

Born in Castlehaven, County Cork, Burns first arrived on the inter-county scene at the age of seventeen when he first linked up with the Cork minor team before later joining the under-21 side. He made his senior debut during the 1981-82 league. Burns later became a regular member of the team and won one All-Ireland medal, two Munster medals and one National Football League medal as a non-playing substitute.

At club level Burns was a one-time Munster medallist with Castlehaven. In addition to this he has also won one championship medal.

Throughout his career Burns made 8 championship appearances. He retired from inter-county football following the conclusion of the 1990 championship.

1990 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship
The 1990 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship was the 104th staging of the All-Ireland Senior Football Championship, the Gaelic Athletic Association's premier inter-county Gaelic football tournament. The championship began on 6 May 1990 and ended on 16 September 1990.

Was the final year of common Cork vs Kerry Munster finals stretch back to 1947 expect 4.

Cork entered the championship as the defending champions.

On 16 September 1990, Cork won the championship following an 0–11 to 0–9 defeat of Meath in the All-Ireland final. This was their sixth All-Ireland title and their second in succession.

Meath's Brian Stafford was the championship's top scorer with 1–24. Cork's Shea Fahy was the choice for Texaco Footballer of the Year.
Thomas Prime
Thomas Edmund Howard Prime (born 16 October 1977) is a former English cricketer who played two List A cricket matches for Cumberland County Cricket Club in 2001. He was born in Kendal, Cumbria.

Prime made his debut for Cumberland in the 2000 Minor Counties Championship against Norfolk. He played one further Championship match the following season against Cambridgeshire. Also in 2001, Prime played his only MCCA Knockout Trophy match against the Yorkshire Cricket Board.  In 2001, he played two List A matches against the Worcestershire Cricket Board and Kent in the 2001 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy.  In the match against the Worcestershire Cricket Board he scored 9 runs before being dismissed by Claude Henderson.  In the match against Kent, he was dismissed for a duck by Ben Trott.

Worcestershire Cricket Board
The Worcestershire Cricket Board is the governing body for all recreational cricket in the historic county of Worcestershire.

From 1999 to 2003, the Board fielded a team in the English domestic one-day tournament, matches which had List-A status.
Alstonefield
Alstonefield (alternative spelling: Alstonfield) is a village and civil parish in the Peak District National Park and the Staffordshire Moorlands district of Staffordshire, England about 7 miles (11 km) north of Ashbourne, 10 miles (16 km) east of Leek and 16 miles (26 km) south of Buxton. The parish had a population of 274 according to the 2001 census, increasing to 304 at the 2011 census.

The village has two pubs; The George and The Watts Russell Arms.

The civil parish also contains the hamlets of Hopedale, Stanshope and Milldale.

In Wilson's 1870–1872 Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales, the spellings Allstonefield and Allstonfield were used.

The poet and writer Charles Cotton (28 April 1630 – 16 February 1687), best known for translating the work of Michel de Montaigne from the French, for his contributions to The Compleat Angler and for the influential The Compleat Gamester, was born in the village.

The Compleat Gamester
The Compleat Gamester, first published in 1674, is one of the earliest known English-language games compendia. It was published anonymously, but later attributed to Charles Cotton (1630–1687). Further editions appeared in the period up to 1754 before it was eclipsed by Mr. Hoyle's Games by Edmond Hoyle (1672–1769).
The Story of My Life (biography)
The Story of My Life is an autobiography written by Helen Keller and published in 1903, detailing her early life, particularly her experiences with Anne Sullivan. Portions of it were adapted by William Gibson for a 1957 Playhouse 90 production, a 1959 Broadway play, a 1962 Hollywood feature film, and the Indian film Black. The book is dedicated to inventor Alexander Graham Bell, who was one of her teachers and an advocate for the deaf.

William Gibson (playwright)
William Gibson (November 13, 1914 – November 25, 2008) was an American playwright and novelist. He won the Tony Award for Best Play for The Miracle Worker in 1959, which he later adapted for a film version in 1962.
Alex (album)
Alex is the second studio album by American singer-songwriter Alex Sauser-Monnig, under the stage name Daughter of Swords. It was released on April 11, 2025, by Psychic Hotline in LP, CD and digital formats, and consists of three singles, "Alone Together", "Talk to You", and "Strange".

Jenn Wasner
Jennifer Lynn Wasner (born April 16, 1986) is an American musician from Baltimore. Wasner is best known as one of the founding members of the band Wye Oak, along with Andy Stack. Wasner has completed numerous other music projects as well, including a solo project entitled Flock of Dimes, and a collaboration called Dungeonesse with Jon Ehrens of White Life and Art Department.
Bill Sweetman
Bill Sweetman (born 1956 in Basingstoke, Hampshire, UK) is a former editor for Jane's and currently an editor for Aviation Week group.  He is a writer of more than 50 books on military aircraft. He lives in Oakdale, Minnesota. He is noted for his dogged pursuit of the Aurora project. He appeared as an Aerospace Consultant on in the Nova PBS TV program "Battle of the X-Planes" about the Joint Strike Fighter Program. At one point, it was estimated that over forty percent of articles referenced in Soviet aerospace works were written by or associated with him.

Janes Information Services
Janes Information Services, commonly known as Janes, is a global open-source intelligence company specialising in military, national security, aerospace, and transport topics. Its name derives from British author Fred T. Jane.
Kothapalli (Haveli)
Kothapalli (Haveli) (Telugu: కొత్తపల్లి), or Kothapalli, is a Revenue Village and a semi-town in Kothapalli Mandal, Karimnagar district, Telangana, India. The village used to be in the Karimnagar mandal of the old Karimnagar district. Following the district reorganization of Telangana, it was included in the newly formed Kothapalli Mandal. Kothapalli was formed as a municipal corporation on 2 August 2018, as part of the Municipal Amendment Bill by the Government of Telangana.

National Highway 563 (India)
National Highway 563 (NH 563) is a National Highway in India. Total length 248.83(154.62mi). It passes through the districts of  Jagtial, Karimnagar, Warangal and Khammam in Telangana state. The Karimnagar Cable Bridge is on the route and shortened the distance to Warangal by 7km.
Felipe Arroyo de la Cuesta
Felipe Arroyo de la Cuesta (1780–1842) was a Spanish Franciscan missionary and linguist notable for his work on native languages.

Arroyo de la Cuesta was born in Cubo de Bureba, Burgos, Spain in 1780. He arrived in the Spanish territory of Alta California in 1808 and worked at the Mission San Juan Bautista in California from 1808 to 1833. He studied and wrote numerous works on the languages of the region including Costanoan, Mutsun, and Yokuts.

In 1833, Arroyo de la Cuesta handed the work of San Juan Bautista over to Zacatean Franciscans. He then worked in a number of other Central California missions including San Luis Obispo, San Miguel, La Purísima, and Santa Inés. He died in Santa Inés on 20 September 1842.

Yokuts
The Yokuts (previously known as Mariposas) are an ethnic group of Native Americans native to central California. Before European contact, the Yokuts consisted of up to 60 tribes speaking several related languages. Yokuts is both plural and singular; Yokut, while common, is erroneous. Yokut should only be used when referring specifically to the Tachi Yokut Tribe of Lemoore. Some of their descendants prefer to refer to themselves by their respective tribal names; they reject the term Yokuts,' saying that it is an exonym invented by English-speaking settlers and historians. Conventional subgroupings include the Foothill Yokuts, Northern Valley Yokuts, and Southern Valley Yokuts.
Precision engineering
Precision engineering is a subdiscipline of electrical engineering, software engineering, electronics engineering, mechanical engineering, and optical engineering concerned with designing machines, fixtures, and other structures that have exceptionally low tolerances, are repeatable, and are stable over time. These approaches have applications in machine tools, MEMS, NEMS, optoelectronics design, and many other fields.

Precision engineering is a branch of engineering that focuses on the design, development and manufacture of product with high levels of accuracy and repeatability.

It involves the use of advanced technologies and techniques to achieve tight tolerance and dimensional control in the manufacturing process.

Nanoelectromechanical systems
Nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) are a class of devices integrating electrical and mechanical functionality on the nanoscale. NEMS form the next logical miniaturization step from so-called microelectromechanical systems, or MEMS devices. NEMS typically integrate transistor-like nanoelectronics with mechanical actuators, pumps, or motors, and may thereby form physical, biological, and chemical sensors. The name derives from typical device dimensions in the nanometer range, leading to low mass, high mechanical resonance frequencies, potentially large quantum mechanical effects such as zero point motion, and a high surface-to-volume ratio useful for surface-based sensing mechanisms. Applications include accelerometers and sensors to detect chemical substances in the air.
David Hearn (canoeist)
David Carter "Davey" Hearn (born April 17, 1959 in Bethesda, Maryland) is a former slalom canoeist who competed from the late 1970s to the early 2000s (decade). He won seven medals in the C1 event at the ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships with two golds (1985, 1995) and five silvers (1979, 1981, 1983, 1987, 1989). He also won six consecutive world championship gold medals in the C1 team event (1979-1989).

Hearn competed in three Summer Olympics, earning his best finish of ninth in the C1 event in Atlanta in 1996.

Hearn's sister, Cathy, and his ex-brother-in-law, Lecky Haller, also competed in canoe slalom for the United States.

1987 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships
The 1987 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships were held in Bourg St.-Maurice, France under the auspices of International Canoe Federation for the second time. It was the 20th edition. Bourg St.-Maurice hosted the event previously in 1969.
Tyagarah, New South Wales
Tyagarah is a locality located in the Northern Rivers Region of New South Wales and it sits within the Byron Shire local government area. It is situated approximately 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) north of the regional centre Byron Bay.

It is on the lands of the Bundjalung people, who are its custodians, and it is of great importance the Arakwal people, to whom it holds spiritual and cultural significance.

Tyagarah Nature Reserve, within the locality, protects 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) of coastline which runs between Byron Bay and Brunswick Heads. At this reserve, you can swim, sunbathe, fish, birdwatch or eat at the picnic area.

The Byron Events Farm is located in Tyagarah, serving as a venue for major events and concerts,  including hosting the Byron Bay Bluesfest.

Tyagarah Nature Reserve
The Tyagarah Nature Reserve is a protected nature reserve located in the Northern Rivers region of New South Wales, Australia. The reserve protects 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) of coastline between Byron Bay and Brunswick Heads and has a total size of 875 hectares (2,160 acres).

It protects six endangered ecological communities including coastal saltmarsh and swamp sclerophyll forest. There are also 33 threatened plant species that occur or are known to occur there including stinking cryptocarya, red lilly pilly and green-leaved rose walnut.

The reserve is on the lands of the Bundjalung people, who are its custodians, and it is of great importance the Arakwal people, to whom it holds spiritual and cultural significance. The name Tyagarah comes from the Yugambeh–Bundjalung language word Targourah and is the word for 'open grass country' or 'camping ground'.
Rongorongo text E
Rongorongo (/ˈrɒŋɡoʊˈrɒŋɡoʊ/; Rapa Nui: [ˈɾoŋoˈɾoŋo]) is a system of glyphs discovered in the 19th century on Easter Island that appears to be writing or proto-writing. Text E of the rongorongo corpus, also known as Keiti, is one of two dozen known rongorongo texts, though it survives only in photographs and rubbings.

Proto-writing
Proto-writing consists of visible marks communicating limited information. Such systems emerged from earlier traditions of symbol systems in the early Neolithic, as early as the 7th millennium BC in China and southeastern Europe. They used ideographic or early mnemonic symbols or both to represent a limited number of concepts, in contrast to true writing systems, which record the language of the writer.
Duke University Health System
The Duke University Health System is a private, not-for-profit, integrated healthcare system headquartered in Durham, North Carolina, United States. It combines the Duke University School of Medicine, Duke–NUS Medical School, Duke University School of Nursing, Duke Clinic, and the member hospitals into a system of medical research, clinical care, and education.

Clinic
A clinic (or outpatient clinic or ambulatory care clinic) is a health facility that is primarily focused on the care of outpatients. Clinics can be privately operated or publicly managed and funded. They typically cover the primary care needs of populations in local communities, in contrast to larger hospitals which offer more specialized treatments and admit inpatients for overnight stays.

Most commonly, the English word clinic refers to a general practice, run by one or more general practitioners offering small therapeutic treatments, but it can also mean a specialist clinic. Some clinics retain the name "clinic" even while growing into institutions as large as major hospitals or becoming associated with a hospital or medical school.
United States national missile defense
National missile defense (NMD) refers to the nationwide antimissile program the United States has had under development since the 1990s. After the renaming in 2002, the term now refers to the entire program, not just the ground-based interceptors and associated facilities.

Other elements that could potentially be integrated into NMD include anti-ballistic missiles, or sea-based, space-based, laser, and high altitude missile systems. The NMD program is limited in scope and designed to counter a relatively small ICBM attack from a less sophisticated adversary. Unlike the earlier Strategic Defense Initiative program, it is not designed to be a robust shield against a large attack from a technically sophisticated adversary.

Joint Functional Component Command for Integrated Missile Defense
Joint Functional Component Command for Integrated Missile Defense (JFCC IMD) is a component of United States Space Command (USSPACECOM).  The current commander is Army Lieutenant General Sean A. Gainey. The current senior enlisted leader is Space Force Chief Master Sergeant Daniel L. Scheu.
Ashraful Islam Rana
Ashraful Islam Rana (Bengali: আশরাফুল ইসলাম রানা; born 1 May 1988), commonly known as Ashraful Rana, is a retired Bangladeshi professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper. He last played for Bangladesh Premier League club Brothers Union and also represented the Bangladesh national team from 2015 to 2022.

Bangladesh Football League
The Bangladesh Football League (Bengali: বাংলাদেশ ফুটবল লিগ), simply known as the BFL, is the top tier of the Bangladeshi football league system. It is run by the Bangladesh Football Federation (BFF). The Dhaka derby between Dhaka Abahani and Mohammedan is one of the league's most popular matches.

The BFL superseded the Dhaka Premier Division League which had functioned as the top tier from 1948 to 2006. The league name was changed from Bangladesh Premier League to Bangladesh Football League in 2025 because the spelling clashed with the similarly-named cricket league.