hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
G. L. Pridgen
Gaston Layton Pridgen, known as G. L. Pridgen (born c. 1944), is a former Republican member of the North Carolina House of Representatives. In the House of Representatives, he represented the 46th District, including constituents in Hoke, Robeson, and Scotland counties from 2011 to 2013. A retired telecommunications technician from Lumberton, North Carolina Pridgen also has experience in the United States Military.

Hoke County, North Carolina
Hoke County is a county in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, its population was 52,082. Its county seat is Raeford.

The county is home to part of the Fort Bragg military reservation.
1858 City of Wellington by-election
The City of Wellington by-election 1858 was a by-election held in the multi-member City of Wellington electorate during the 2nd New Zealand Parliament, on 27 July 1858.

The by-election was caused by the resignation of two of the three incumbent MPs Isaac Featherston and William Fitzherbert, and was won by Featherston and William Rhodes. Featherston resigned in order to return to England, but then decided to remain in New Zealand while Rhodes resigned to contest the Hutt 1858 by-election which he subsequently won. On nomination day (26 July) Featherston, Rhodes, Jerningham Wakefield and William Bowler were nominated, and after a show of hands in favour of  Rhodes and Featherston a poll was demanded by Wakefield and Bowler. Featherston and Rhodes were subsequently elected the following day.

2nd New Zealand Parliament
The 2nd New Zealand Parliament was a term of the Parliament of New Zealand. It opened on 15 April 1856, following New Zealand's 1855 election. It was dissolved on 5 November 1860 in preparation for 1860–61 election. The 2nd Parliament was the first under which New Zealand had responsible government, meaning that unlike previously, the Cabinet was chosen (although not officially appointed) by Parliament rather than by the Governor-General of New Zealand.
Granite Broadcasting
Granite Broadcasting LLC was an American broadcasting holding company based in New York City. Granite was founded by W. Don Cornwell and Stuart Beck in 1988, and was the first African-American station group in the United States to considered to be a "major" station operator (though not the first minority-owned chain, a distinction held by the now-defunct Aleut-owned Cook Inlet Broadcasting).

Granite's chairman/CEO was Peter Markham, with Duane Lammers serving as COO.

Aleuts
Aleuts (/ˌæ.liːˈuːt/ ⓘ AL-ee-OOT; Aleut: Unangan (west) or Unangas (east) Russian: Алеуты, romanized: Aleuty) are the Indigenous people of the Aleutian Islands, which are located between the North Pacific Ocean and the Bering Sea. Both the Aleuts and the islands are politically divided between the U.S. state of Alaska and the Russian administrative division of Kamchatka Krai. This group is also known as the Unangax̂ in Unangam Tunuu, the Aleut language. There are 13 federally recognized Aleut tribes in the Aleut Region of Alaska. In 2000, Aleuts in Russia were recognized by government decree as a small-numbered Indigenous people.
Casale, Haiti
Casale (also Cazale or Cazales) is a village in the Cabaret commune in the Arcahaie Arrondissement, in the Ouest department of Haiti.

It is located in a mountainous region around 30 kilometres (19 mi) from Port-au-Prince, the capital. It is the main population center of the Polish community in Haiti, called La Pologne (Poland). The name Cazale may have originated as kay Zalewski, meaning "home of Zalewski" (a popular Polish surname). The village is populated by descendants of Polish soldiers sent by Napoleon in 1802.

Departments of Haiti
In the administrative divisions of Haiti, the department (French: département d'Haïti, pronounced [depaʁtəmɑ̃ d‿aiti]; Haitian Creole: depatman Ayiti) is the first of four levels of government. Haiti is divided administratively into ten departments, which are further subdivided into 42 arrondissements, 145 communes, and 571 communal sections.

In 2014, there was a proposal by the Chamber of Deputies to increase the number of departments from 10 to 14 —perhaps as high as 16.
Philippi
Philippi (/fɪˈlɪpaɪ, ˈfɪləˌpaɪ/; Ancient Greek: Φίλιπποι, Phílippoi) was a major mainland Greek city northwest of the nearby island, Thasos. Its original name was Crenides (Ancient Greek: Κρηνῖδες, Krēnĩdes "Fountains"). The city was renamed by Philip II of Macedon in 356 BC and abandoned in the 14th century after the Ottoman conquest. The present village of Filippoi is located near the ruins of the ancient city within the modern city of Kavala, in turn a
part of the administrative region of East Macedonia and Thrace. The archaeological site was classified as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2016 because of its exceptional Roman architecture, its urban layout as a smaller reflection of Rome itself, and its importance in early Christianity. Philippi is also the place where the legendary battle of Mark Antony and Octavian Caesar against Brutus and  Cassius took place in 42 BC, as seen in William Shakespeare's famous play, Julius Caesar (1599).

Agora
The agora (/ˈæɡərə/; Ancient Greek: ἀγορά, romanized: agorá, meaning "market" in Modern Greek) was a central public space in ancient Greek city-states. The literal meaning of the word "agora" is "gathering place" or "assembly". The agora was the center of the athletic, artistic, business, social, spiritual, and political life in the city. The Ancient Agora of Athens is the best example.
Chisholm Trail Museum (Kingfisher, Oklahoma)
The Chisholm Trail Museum in Kingfisher, Oklahoma, now known simply as The Chisholm, is a museum dedicated to collecting, preserving, and sharing the story of farming and ranching heritage across Oklahoma from its historical past through contemporary issues. At the museum site, there are six historic buildings: First Kingfisher Bank, Harmony Church, Gant Schoolhouse, the Cole Cabin, the Dalton Cabin, and the Governor Seay Mansion. Separate from the museum is a life-size statue of Jesse Chisholm, in the middle of downtown.

There are other museums dedicated to the Chisholm Trail in Duncan, Oklahoma (the Chisholm Trail Heritage Center), in Wellington, Kansas (the Chisolm Trail Museum), the Chisholm Trail Outdoor Museum in Cleburne, Texas, and the Chisholm Trail Heritage Museum in Cuero, Texas.  The museum in Waurika, Oklahoma (the Chisholm Trail Historical Museum) is now closed.

Jesse Chisholm
Jesse Chisholm (c. 1805 – March 4, 1868) was a Cherokee fur trader and merchant in the American West. Chisholm is known for having scouted and developed what became known as the Chisholm Trail, later used to drive cattle from Texas to railheads in Kansas in the second half of the 19th century.

Chisholm used this trail to supply his trading posts among the Native American tribes in Indian Territory (present-day Oklahoma). He worked with Black Beaver, a Lenape guide, to develop the route. Chisholm died before the peak period of the cattle drives, but he was essential to numerous events in Texas and Oklahoma history. Chisholm served as an interpreter for the Republic of Texas and the United States government in treaty-making with Native American tribes.
2021–22 Basketball Champions League Americas
The 2021–22 Basketball Champions League Americas season was the 15h edition of the top-tier level professional club basketball competition in the Americas and the 3rd of the Basketball Champions League Americas (BCLA), since launched by FIBA in 2019. It was also the 23rd season of Pan-American top-level competition, as well as the 60th season of South American top-level competition.

The season concluded with the Final Eight at the Carioca Arena 1 in Rio de Janeiro. São Paulo won its first continental title after defeating Biguá 98–84 in the final. São Paulo forward Bruno Caboclo was named MVP.

Basketball Champions League Americas
The Basketball Champions League Americas (BCLA) (Spanish: Liga de Campeones de Baloncesto de las Américas, Portuguese: Liga dos Campeões de Basquetebol das Américas) is Pan-America's premier men's basketball club competition. Founded in 2019, it replaced the FIBA Americas League as the highest level league in the Americas. The winner of each year's competition qualifies to the annual FIBA Intercontinental Cup.

Each season exists of 12 teams that qualify through their domestic leagues and the league is typically organized between December and April of the following calendar year.

Thus far the league has been won by four different teams. Argentine team Quimsa and Brazilian team Flamengo are the only teams to win the championship twice.
Nicole Stafford
Nicole Stafford is a political strategist and diplomat in Quebec.

She was director of public relations for the 1st World Outgames in 2006.  She held a number of senior Quebec government positions, including chief of staff for Pauline Marois and Deputy Minister of the Executive Council, and was Quebec's delegate general (the equivalent of an ambassador) to Brussels, Belgium. Earlier, she was a vice-president of a public relations firm.

2006 World Outgames
The 1st World Outgames took place in Montréal, Quebec, Canada from July 26, 2006, to August 5, 2006. The international conference was held from July 26 to the 29. The sporting events were held from July 29 to August 5.
Trader Horn
Alfred Aloysius "Trader" Horn (born Alfred Aloysius Smith; 21 June 1861 – 26 June 1931) was an ivory trader in central Africa.

His memoirs detailing his journeys, were transcribed and edited by the novelist Ethelreda Lewis and published in three volumes. The memoir also documents his efforts to free slaves; meeting the founder of Rhodesia, Cecil Rhodes; and liberating a princess from captivity.

Ivory trade
The ivory trade is the commercial, often illegal trade in the ivory tusks of the hippopotamus, walrus, narwhal, black and white rhinos, mammoth, and most commonly, African and Asian elephants.

Ivory has been traded for hundreds of years by people in Africa and Asia, resulting in restrictions and bans. Ivory was formerly used to make piano keys and other decorative items because of the white color it presents when processed but the piano industry abandoned ivory as a key covering material in the 1980s in favor of other materials such as plastic. Also, synthetic ivory has been developed which can be used as an alternative material for making piano keys.
Lake Area Technical College
Lake Area Technical College (Lake Area Tech or LATC, formerly Lake Area Technical Institute (LATI)) is a public community college in Watertown, South Dakota. The campus covers 40 acres and serves an area of 18,000 square miles. Founded in 1965, Lake Area Tech was the first technical school to be established in South Dakota, followed by schools in Mitchell, Sioux Falls and Rapid City. Lake Area Tech is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.

Sioux Falls, South Dakota
Sioux Falls (/suː ˈfɔːlz/ soo FAWLZ) is the most populous city in the U.S. state of South Dakota. It is the county seat of Minnehaha County and also extends into northern Lincoln County. The population was 192,517 at the 2020 census (estimated at 209,289 in 2024). The Sioux Falls metropolitan area, with an estimated 308,000 residents, accounts for more than one-third of South Dakota's population. Chartered in 1856 on the banks of the Big Sioux River, the city is situated in rolling hills at the junction of Interstates 29 and 90.
Keszthely Synagogue
The Keszthely Synagogue is a Neolog Jewish congregation and synagogue, located in the town of Keszthely, in the county of Zala, Hungary. Completed in 1852 in the neo-classical style, the shape of the synagogue building was altered in 1894 when the building was remodeled in the spirit of eclecticism. In 1898 an organ built by Sándor Országh was installed.

The building has undergone a number of renovations - in 1930, in 1945 and in 1967. In 1987 part of the ceiling collapsed and as a result planning began in 1991 to fully renovate the building. Full renovation work started in 1993, and the synagogue was reconsecrated on July 7, 1995 in the presence of the President of the Republic Árpád Göncz and the Chief Rabbi Tamás Raj. In 1997 its painted decorations and work on the facade was also completed.

Zala County
Zala (Hungarian: Zala vármegye, pronounced [ˈzɒlɒ]; Croatian: Zalska županija; županija Zala) is an administrative county (comitatus or vármegye) in south-western Hungary. It is named after the Zala River. It shares borders with Croatia (Koprivnica–Križevci and Međimurje Counties) and Slovenia (Lendava and Moravske Toplice) and the Hungarian counties Vas, Veszprém and Somogy. The seat of Zala County is Zalaegerszeg. Its area is 3,784 square kilometres (1,461 sq mi). Lake Balaton lies partly in the county.
2015 Malaysian Open, Kuala Lumpur – Doubles
Marcin Matkowski and Leander Paes were the defending champions, but Matkowski chose not to participate. Paes played alongside Grigor Dimitrov, but lost in the first round to Rameez Junaid and Jonathan Marray.
Treat Huey and Henri Kontinen won the title, defeating Raven Klaasen and Rajeev Ram in the final, 7–6(7–4), 6–2.

Raven Klaasen
Raven Klaasen (/ˈklɑːsən/ KLAH-sən; born 16 October 1982) is a South African professional tennis player who specialises in doubles.

He achieved his career-high doubles ranking of world No. 7 in August 2019, and has won 19 doubles titles on the ATP Tour, including two at Masters 1000 level. Klaasen is a two-time Grand Slam finalist, having finished runner-up at the 2014 Australian Open alongside Eric Butorac, and the 2018 Wimbledon Championships with Michael Venus. He was also runner up at the ATP Finals in both 2016 and 2019, partnering Rajeev Ram and Venus respectively.

In singles, Klaasen has a career-high ranking of world No. 208, achieved in October 2011.

He has represented South Africa in the Davis Cup since 2009, and has a win–loss record of 13–4.

He reached his 300th match win at the 2022 Estoril Open with Ben McLachlan defeating Hugo Nys/Jan Zieliński in the round of 16.
Reginald Arthur Shooter
Reginald Arthur Shooter (4 April 1916 – 24 December 2013) was a British microbiologist.  He led the enquiry into the 1978 smallpox outbreak in the United Kingdom and was appointed a CBE in the 1980 Birthday Honours. He retired in 1981.

Reginald Shooter's oldest child, and only son, was Adrian Shooter, the railway manager best known for leading Chiltern Railways after the privatisation of British Rail and for forming the Vivarail engineering company.

Microbiologist
A microbiologist (from Greek μῑκρος) is a scientist who studies microscopic life forms and processes. This includes study of the growth, interactions and characteristics of microscopic organisms such as bacteria, algae, fungi, and some types of parasites and their vectors. Most microbiologists work in offices and/or research facilities, both in private biotechnology companies and in academia. Most microbiologists specialize in a given topic within microbiology such as bacteriology, parasitology, virology, or immunology.
Cnidium monnieri
Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cusson ex Juss., Monnier's snowparsley, is a flowering plant species in the genus Cnidium. Also known as Shechuangzi, Osthole, Jashoshi, Cnidii Fructus (Fruits of Cnidium).
It may be confused with Bacopa monnieri, Ligusticum officinale (syn. Cnidium officinale), both similar but different plants.
The coumarins osthol, imperatorin and xanthotoxol can be found in C. monnieri.

Bacopa monnieri
Bacopa monnieri, also known as water hyssop, brahmi, thyme-leafed gratiola, herb of grace, and Indian pennywort, is a perennial, creeping herb native to wetland areas globally.

It is used in Ayurveda. In 2019, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) warned manufacturers of dietary supplement products containing Bacopa monnieri against making illegal and unproven claims that the herb can treat various diseases. There is inconclusive evidence of it improving cognitive performance and memory, and its safety and effectiveness remain uncertain.
Sennefer (Deir el-Medina)
Sennefer was an Ancient Egyptian official with the title "Servant in the Place of Truth" at the end of the 18th Dynasty. He is mainly known due to his unlooted burial found in 1928 by excavations under Bernard Bruyère at Deir el-Medina. The burial chamber of Sennefer was found within the tomb of the servant at the place of truth Hormes (tomb no. 1159a). The small chamber contained the inscribed coffins of Sennefer and his wife Nefertiti. Both were found wrapped in linen. Sennefer was also adorned with a mummy mask. He had a heart scarab and was adorned with a pectoral. On his coffin was placed a painted piece of cloth, showing Sennefer before an offering table. Furthermore, the burial contained different types of furniture, including a bed, a box, a head rest and several pottery as well as stone vessels. The burial of a child in an undecorated box was found, too. Two shabti figures are datable by style to the end of the 18th Dynasty.

Pectoral (Ancient Egypt)
The pectorals of ancient Egypt were a form of jewelry, often in the form of a brooch. They are often also amulets, and may be so described. They were mostly worn by richer people and the pharaoh.

One type is attached with a nah necklace, suspended from the neck and lying on the breast. Statuary from the Old Kingdom onwards shows this form.

A later form was attached as a brooch, with the thematic, iconographic function and statement outweighing its actual use as a piece of jewellery for adornment. The thematic statements were typically about the pharaoh or statements of ancient Egyptian mythology and culture.  They are usually of gold with cloisonné inlays of gemstones.

Pectoral varies in size, from a simple motif suspended from the sternum to the size of a breastplate. It is made of precious metal, fabric, bone, or any other material.
The World Is Well Lost
The World Is Well Lost is the 2013 debut album by Israeli shoegazing band Vaadat Charigim. It was released on 12 November 2013 through Anova Music and Burger Records labels. Recorded in the band's Tel Aviv-apartment, the album was mixed and produced by Kyle “Slick” Johnson, who is known for his work for Modest Mouse and Wavves.

Wavves
Wavves is an American rock band based in San Diego, California. Formed in 2008 by singer-songwriter Nathan Williams (born June 12, 1986), the band also features Alex Gates (guitar, backing vocals), Stephen Pope (bass guitar, backing vocals) and Ross Traver (drums and backing vocals).
Phosphate-buffered saline
Phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) is a buffer solution (pH ~ 7.4) commonly used in biological research. It is a water-based salt solution containing disodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium chloride and, in some formulations, potassium chloride and potassium dihydrogen phosphate. The buffer helps to maintain a constant pH. The osmolarity and ion concentrations of the solutions are isotonic, meaning they match those of the human body.

Osmotic concentration
Osmotic concentration, formerly known as osmolarity, is the measure of solute concentration, defined as the number of osmoles (Osm) of solute per litre (L) of solution (osmol/L or Osm/L). The osmolarity of a solution is usually expressed as Osm/L (pronounced "osmolar"), in the same way that the molarity of a solution is expressed as "M" (pronounced "molar").

Whereas molarity measures the number of moles of solute per unit volume of solution, osmolarity measures the number of particles on dissociation of osmotically active material (osmoles of solute particles) per unit volume of solution. This value allows the measurement of the osmotic pressure of a solution and the determination of how the solvent will diffuse across a semipermeable membrane (osmosis) separating two solutions of different osmotic concentration.
Tourism in Jharkhand
Tourism in Jharkhand refers to tourism in the Indian state of Jharkhand which plays a significant role in the state’s economy.Jharkhand is known for its scenic landscapes, waterfalls, hills, cultural heritage and religious sites. In 2014, 3,360,000 domestic and 154,731 foreign tourists visited Jharkhand. The Jharkhand Tourism Development Corporation (JTDC) working under the Tourism Department of Government of Jharkhand oversees tourism promotion and the development of related infrastructure across the state.

Ramgarh district
Ramgarh district is one of the 24 districts in the Indian state of Jharkhand.  It was also a military district during the British Regime, referred to then as Ramgarh district. It is the part of State Capital Region (SCR).

Ramgarh was made a district on 12 September 2007. It was carved out of erstwhile Hazaribagh District. Ramgarh lies at the heart of the Jharkhand state. It is a mining, industrial and cultural hub with the Maa Chhinnamasta Temple. In 1670s, the king Dalel Singh shifted the  capital of Ramgarh Raj to Ramgarh and named it after his father Ram Singh. The district of Ramgarh has been named after the town Ramgarh, its present headquarters.
Uruguay at the 2020 Summer Olympics
Uruguay competed at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo. Originally scheduled to take place from 24 July to 9 August 2020, the Games were postponed to 23 July to 8 August 2021, due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Since the nation's official debut in 1920, Uruguayan athletes have appeared in every edition of the Summer Olympic Games, with the exception of the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, because of its Uruguay's support to the United States-led boycott. Uruguay left the Olympics with no medals earned.

1980 Summer Olympics boycott
The United States led the 1980 Summer Olympics boycott to protest against the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. More than 60 countries joined the boycott to varying degrees, affecting athletes, fans, and international relations. The absence of so many competitors changed the outcomes of some events, led to alternative competitions, and influenced the 1984 Olympics, which the Soviets later boycotted. The Soviet Union, which hosted the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, and its satellite states later boycotted the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles.
2018 Liberal Democratic Party presidential election
A presidential election was held on 20 September 2018 to elect the next president of the Liberal Democratic Party of Japan for a new 3-year term. Incumbent president Shinzo Abe was running for his re-election after a rule change in 2017 that allowed him to run for a third term.

Abe's subsequent victory led to him staying as prime minister for just under two years. In this time, on 22 November 2019, he broke the record for the nation's longest-serving prime ministership previously held by Taro Katsura, who had served three times between 1901 and 1913. He also served the longest uninterrupted term by 24 August 2020, ahead of Eisaku Satō's 2,797 days, before resigning four days later.

Minister for Foreign Affairs (Japan)
The minister for foreign affairs (外務大臣, Gaimu Daijin) is a member of the cabinet of Japan and is the leader and chief executive of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The minister is responsible for implementing Japan's foreign policy and is also a statutory member of the National Security Council. The minister is nominated by the prime minister and is appointed by the emperor of Japan.

Since the end of the allied occupation of Japan, the position has been one of the most powerful in the cabinet, as Japan's economic interests have long relied on foreign relations. The recent efforts of former prime minister Junichiro Koizumi and Shinzo Abe to establish a more interventionist foreign policy have also heightened the importance of the position.

The current minister for foreign affairs is Toshimitsu Motegi, who took office on October 21, 2025.