hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Afamasaga Rico Tupa'i
Afamasaga Lepuiai Rico Tupa'i (born c. 1969) is a Samoan politician and Cabinet Minister. He is a member of the Human Rights Protection Party.

Tupa'i previously worked in the media, including media agency Skylite, the Samoan Department of Broadcasting, and as one of the founders of Fiji's Mai TV. He worked for Digicel Pacific and the National University of Samoa. He was first elected to the Legislative Assembly of Samoa at the 2016 Samoan general election, and appointed Minister of Communication and Information Technology.

In March 2021, Tupa'i was accused of extracting A$90,000 from an Australian investor seeking to establish a business in Samoa. He subsequently lost his seat in the April 2021 Samoan general election.

Cabinet of Samoa
The Cabinet is the executive branch of the government of the Independent State of Samoa.

Per article 31(1) of the Constitution, executive power is vested in the Head of State. Per article 26(1), however, "the Head of State in the performance of his functions shall act on the advice of Cabinet, the Prime Minister or the appropriate Minister, as the case may be". Article 32(1) provides that the Cabinet "shall have the general direction and control of the executive government" of Samoa.

The Cabinet is composed, per article 32(2), of the Prime Minister and "not fewer than eight nor more than twelve other Members of Parliament", appointed by the Head of State on the advice of the Prime Minister.
Granville Woods
Granville Tailer Woods (April 23, 1856 – January 30, 1910) was an American inventor who held more than 60 patents in the United States. He was the first African American mechanical and electrical engineer after the Civil War.  Self-taught, he concentrated most of his work on trains and streetcars. One of his inventions is the Synchronous Multiplex Railway Telegraph, a variation of the induction telegraph that relied on ambient static electricity from existing telegraph lines to send messages between train stations and moving trains.

Granville T. Woods invented and patented Tunnel Construction for the electric railroad system, electrical rollercoasters.

Electromagnetic induction
Electromagnetic induction or magnetic induction is the production of an electromotive force (emf) across an electrical conductor in a changing magnetic field.

Michael Faraday is generally credited with the discovery of induction in 1831, and James Clerk Maxwell mathematically described it as Faraday's law of induction. Lenz's law describes the direction of the induced field. Faraday's law was later generalized to become the Maxwell–Faraday equation, one of the four Maxwell equations in his theory of electromagnetism.

Electromagnetic induction has found many applications, including electrical components such as inductors and transformers, and devices such as electric motors and generators.
Samantar v. Yousuf
Samantar v. Yousuf, 560 U.S. 305 (2010), is a decision by the United States Supreme Court concerning whether Muhammad Ali Samatar, prime minister of Somalia (during the dictatorship of Siad Barre) from 1987 to 1990, could be sued in United States courts for allegedly overseeing killings and other atrocities. Samatar then lived in Virginia, and some of his victims had sued him under the Torture Victim Protection Act of 1991.

In a previous decision, the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit held that the former Somalian government official is not covered by, and therefore not entitled to immunity under the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act. The Court remanded to District Court to determine whether defendant is entitled to common law immunity.

Torture Victim Protection Act of 1991
The Torture Victim Protection Act of 1991 (TVPA; Pub. L. 102–256, H.R. 2092, 106 Stat. 73, enacted March 12, 1992) is a US statute that allows for the filing of civil suits in the United States against individuals who, acting in an official capacity for any foreign nation, committed torture and/or extrajudicial killing.  The statute requires a plaintiff to show exhaustion of local remedies in the location of the crime, to the extent that such remedies are "adequate and available." Plaintiffs may be U.S. citizens or non-U.S. citizens.

Although the Act was not passed until early 1992, it was introduced the previous year, and the official name of the Act is the "Torture Victim Protection Act of 1991."
Agriloides
Agriloides is a genus of beetles in the family Buprestidae, containing the following species:

Agriloides aequatoris Obenberger, 1922

Agriloides bipunctatus Cobos, 1967

Agriloides difformis Cobos, 1959

Agriloides erratus (Kerremans, 1900)

Agriloides foersteri Cobos, 1967

Agriloides gaucho Obenberger, 1932

Agriloides gebhardti Obenberger, 1924

Agriloides gibbifrons (Kerremans, 1899)

Agriloides hydropicus (Klug, 1825)

Agriloides jucundus (Kerremans, 1897)

Agriloides longus Obenberger, 1924

Agriloides meranus Obenberger, 1942

Agriloides moorei Curletti, 2015

Agriloides mrazi Obenberger, 1922

Agriloides mucoreus Cobos, 1959

Agriloides nickerli Obenberger, 1924

Agriloides purpureocaudatus Cobos, 1967

Agriloides silverioi Cobos, 1956

Agriloides tuberculatus (Klug, 1825)

Agriloides velutinus (Kerremans, 1900)

Buprestidae
Buprestidae is a family of beetles known as jewel beetles or metallic wood-boring beetles because of their glossy iridescent colors. Larvae of this family are known as flatheaded borers. The family is among the largest of the beetles, with some 15,500 species known in 775 genera. In addition, almost 100 fossil species have been described.

The larger and more spectacularly colored jewel beetles are highly prized by insect collectors. The elytra of some Buprestidae species have been traditionally used in beetlewing jewellery and decoration in certain countries in Asia, like India, Thailand and Japan.
Dirt Music (film)
Dirt Music is a 2019 romantic drama film directed by Gregor Jordan, based on the 2001 novel of the same name by award-winning Australian author Tim Winton. It stars Garrett Hedlund, Kelly Macdonald, and David Wenham.

The film premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival on 11 September 2019. It was released in Australia on 8 October 2020 by Universal Pictures.

2019 Toronto International Film Festival
The 44th annual Toronto International Film Festival was held from 5 to 15 September 2019. The opening gala was the documentary film Once Were Brothers: Robbie Robertson and The Band, directed by Daniel Roher, and the festival closed with a screening of the biographical film Radioactive, directed by Marjane Satrapi.
Gateway Church Wirral
Gateway Church Wirral (formerly known as the Wirral Christian Centre) is a church on Woodchurch Road, Birkenhead, Wirral, Merseyside, England.  It is an active Elim Pentecostal Church. The church building, originally Oxton Road Congregational Church, is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II listed building.

Metropolitan Borough of Wirral
The Metropolitan Borough of Wirral is a metropolitan borough of Merseyside, in North West England. It has a population of 328,873 (2024), and encompasses 62 square miles (161 km2) of the northern part of the Wirral Peninsula. Major settlements include Birkenhead, Wallasey, Bebington, Heswall, Hoylake and West Kirby. It is one of the six boroughs of the Liverpool City Region, a combined authority area with a population of more than 1.5 million.

Wirral is England's westernmost metropolitan borough, faced by the City of Liverpool to the northeast over the River Mersey.
Narach (agrotown)
Narach (Belarusian: На́рач; Russian: На́рочь, romanized: Naroch; Lithuanian: Naročius), previously known as Kabylnik (Belarusian: Кабыльнік) or Kobylnik (Russian: Кобыльник) until 1964, is an agrotown (since 2005) in Myadzyel District, Minsk Region, Belarus. It is situated by Lake Narach.

It is the birthplace of Maria Kaczyńska, who was the First Lady of Poland from 2005 until her death in 2010.

First Lady of Poland
First Lady of the Republic of Poland is an informal designation customarily applied to the wife of the president of the Republic of Poland (as so far all Polish president in Third Republic had wives). The First Lady does not hold a constitutional position and there are no political duties associated with the role. However, the first lady sometimes accompanies her husband on formal occasions such as state visits.

The current Polish first lady is Marta Nawrocka.
Romke de Jong
Romke Harke de Jong (born 5 April 1984) is a Dutch entrepreneur and politician of the social liberal party Democrats 66 (D66). He took over and expanded his father's ice cream catering company and served on the municipal council of Opsterland in Friesland between 2010 and 2018. De Jong became a member of the States of Friesland the following year, and he was elected to the House of Representatives in the 2021 general election.

Municipal council (Netherlands)
In the Netherlands, the municipal council (Dutch: gemeenteraad [ɣəˈmeːn.təˌraːt] ⓘ) is the elected assembly of a municipality. Its main role is laying down the guidelines for the policy of the municipal executive and exercising control over its execution by the mayor and aldermen.

The municipal councils range in size from nine to 45 seats (as in Amsterdam, the capital city), depending on the municipality's population, and are elected by the population every four years. In many municipalities all major political parties contest in the election in addition to local parties. In most major, urban municipalities, all major parties are represented in the municipal council, while in smaller and more rural municipalities, only the largest parties and a local party have seats in the municipal council.
Donauwörth
Donauwörth (German: [ˌdoːnaʊˈvøːɐ̯t] ⓘ; Swabian: Donawerd) is a town and the capital of the Donau-Ries district in Swabia, Bavaria, Germany. It is said to have been founded by two fishermen where the rivers Danube (Donau) and Wörnitz meet. The city is part of the scenic route called "Romantische Straße" (Romantic Road).

The city is situated between Munich and Nuremberg, 46 km north of Augsburg.

Swabian German
Swabian (German: Schwäbisch [ˈʃvɛːbɪʃ] ⓘ) is one of the dialect groups of Upper German, sometimes one of the dialect groups of Alemannic German (in the broad sense), that belong to the High German dialect continuum. It is mainly spoken in Swabia, which is located in central and southeastern Baden-Württemberg (including its capital Stuttgart and the Swabian Jura region) and the southwest of Bavaria (Bavarian Swabia). Furthermore, Swabian German dialects are spoken by Caucasus Germans in Transcaucasia. The dialects of the Danube Swabian population of Hungary, the former Yugoslavia and Romania are only nominally Swabian and can be traced back not only to Swabian but also to Franconian, Bavarian and Hessian dialects, with  locally varying degrees of influence of the initial dialects.
Hjalmar Lönnroth
Arvid Martin Hjalmar Lönnroth (11 September 1856 – 24 July 1935) was a sailor from Sweden, who represented his native country at the 1908 Summer Olympics in Ryde, Isle of Wight, Great Britain in the 8 Metre.

Lönnroth was born in Romelanda, Kungälv Municipality, and died in Gothenburg.

Kungälv Municipality
Kungälv Municipality (Swedish: Kungälvs kommun) is a municipality in Västra Götaland County in western Sweden. Its seat is located in the city of Kungälv. It is the 50th largest municipality in Sweden by population size, which exceeded 50 000 during May 2024.

The present municipality was formed in 1971 through the amalgamation of the City of Kungälv, the City of Marstrand and territories belonging to four rural municipalities. In 1974 a minor part (situated on the island of Hisingen) was transferred to Gothenburg Municipality.
George Ball (diplomat)
George Wildman Ball (December 21, 1909 – May 26, 1994) was an American diplomat and banker. He served in the management of the US State Department from 1961 to 1966 and is remembered by most as the only cabinet member of Presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson who was a major dissenter against the escalation of the Vietnam War. Ball advised against deploying U.S. combat forces, as he believed it would lead the United States into an unwinnable war and result in a prolonged conflict. Instead, he argued that the United States should prioritize allocating its resources to Europe rather than engaging in expensive military ventures. However, he refused to publicize his doubts.

He helped determine American policy regarding trade expansion, Congo, the Multilateral Force, de Gaulle's France, Israel and the rest of the Middle East, and the Iranian Revolution.

Foreign relations of the United States
The United States of America has formal diplomatic relations with most nations. This includes all United Nations members and observer states other than Bhutan, Iran and North Korea, and the UN observers of Palestine and the Holy See. The U.S. maintains close unofficial relations with Taiwan, and de facto recognizes it as an independent state. Additionally, the U.S. has diplomatic relations with Kosovo, a non-UN member state which the U.S. officially recognizes, and the European Union.

The United States federal statutes relating to foreign relations can be found in Title 22 of the United States Code. The United States has the second-most diplomatic posts of any state after the People's Republic of China.
Khajipeta Sunkesula
Khajipeta Sunkesula is a village in YSR Kadapa district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is located in Khajipet mandal of Badvel revenue division. Its population was 11615 as of the 2011 Census. Individuals of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes account for about 16% of the population of Khajipeta Sunkesula. Khajipet is located at 14°38′00″N 78°46′00″E﻿ / ﻿14.6333°N 78.7667°E﻿ / 14.6333; 78.7667. It has an average elevation of 123 meters (404 feet). Khajipeta is supported by the APSRTC, a bus transport company. A National Highway, NH40, passes through this mandal, but no railway.

National Highway 40 (India)
National Highway 40 (NH 40), a combination of previous national highways 4 and 18, is a national highway in India. It starts at National Highway 44 junction at Kurnool and passes through Kadapa and Chittoor and terminates at Ranipet in Tamil Nadu.
It is called Rayalaseema Express Highway. The highway was transformed into four lanes between Kurnool and Kadapa & between Rayachoty-Ranipet.
Nandmahar Dham
Nandmahar Dham or Baba Nandmahar Dham is a Hindu temple located at Musafirkhana, Gauriganj in Amethi District. Nandmahar Dham temple is dedicated to Krishna, Balram, Nand Baba and Vasudeva. This temple is situated at a distance of about 114 km (71 mi) from the state capital Lucknow and 630 km (390 mi) from the national capital New Delhi.

People from various states like Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Punjab, Haryana, Chhattisgarh and Delhi attend the fair on Kartik Purnima. Notable visitors to the Nandmahar Dham temple include, former Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi along with Mulayam Singh, Balaram Yadav, Lalu Prasad Yadav, Akhilesh Yadav, Sonia Gandhi and Rahul Gandhi.

Musafirkhana
Musafirkhana is a town and tehsil in Amethi district in Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. The word "Musafirkhana" means "Sarai," or "Dharamshala". Musafirkhana is located 32 km northwest of district headquarters Amethi.

As of 2011, Musafirkhana's population is 7,999 people, in 1,276 households.
Luis María de Borbón y Vallabriga
Don Luis María Cardinal de Borbón y Vallabriga, Farnesio y Rozas (22 May 1777 – 19 March 1823) was the 14th Count of Chinchón (1785–1803), Grandee of Spain First Class (4 August 1799), with a coat of arms of Bourbon, and 1st Marqués de San Martín de la Vega.

He was born in Cadalso de los Vidrios as the son of a morganatic marriage between Luis de Borbón y Farnesio, Infante of Spain, 13th Count of Chinchón, and María Teresa de Vallabriga y Rozas, Español y Drummond.

Don (honorific)
The terms Don (in Spanish and Italian), Dom (in Portuguese), and Domn (in Romanian), are honorific prefixes derived from the Latin Dominus, meaning "lord" or "owner". The honorific is commonly used in Spain, Portugal, and Italy, as well as in the Spanish-speaking world and Portuguese-speaking world, as well as some other places formerly colonized by Spain or Portugal. The feminine equivalents are Doña (Spanish: [ˈdoɲa]), Donna (Italian: [ˈdɔnna]), Doamnă (Romanian) and Dona (Portuguese: [ˈdonɐ]), meaning "lady".

The term is derived from the Latin dominus: a master of a household, a title with background from the Roman Republic in classical antiquity. With the abbreviated form having emerged as such in the Middle Ages, traditionally it is reserved for Catholic clergy and nobles, in addition to certain educational authorities and persons of high distinction.
Kimmins
Kimmins is a surname of Scottish and Irish origin. Notable people with the surname include:

Anthony Kimmins (1901–1964), British director, playwright, screenwriter, producer and actor

Sir Brian Kimmins (1899–1979), British military commander

Charles William Kimmins (1856–1948), British educational psychologist

Douglas Eric Kimmins (1905–1985), British entomologist

Kenneth Kimmins (born 1941), American actor

Liz Kimmins, Northern Irish politician

Dame Grace Kimmins (1870–1954), British writer

Simon Kimmins (born 1930), British cricketer

Hamish Kimmins (1942–2021), Canadian Forest Ecologist

Charles William Kimmins
Charles William "C. W." Kimmins (3 August 1856 – 12 January 1948) was an educational psychologist and was appointed chief inspector of the education department of the now defunct London County Council in 1904. He was appointed chief inspector at the education department of the LCC in 1904.

He was educated at Owens College, Manchester, University College, Bristol, and Downing College, Cambridge.

In 1932 he published The Triumph of the Dalton Plan with the educationalist Belle Rennie.

His wife was Grace Kimmins (Chailey Heritage, the Guild of the Poor Brave Things).
Seth Grant
Seth Grant FMedSci is an Australian neuroscientist and Professor of Molecular Neuroscience at the University of Edinburgh in Scotland. He previously worked as a principal investigator at the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute in Cambridge, England. He is known for his research on the biological basis of brain diseases. He was elected a fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences in 2015. He is also an elected Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh.

Principal investigator
In many countries, the term principal investigator (PI) refers to the holder of an independent grant and the lead researcher for the grant project, usually in the sciences, such as a laboratory study or a clinical trial. The phrase is also often used as a synonym for "head of the laboratory" or "research group leader". While the expression is common in the sciences, it is used widely for the person or persons who make final decisions and supervise funding and expenditures on a given research project.

A co-investigator (Co-I) assists the principal investigator in the management and leadership of the research project. There may be a number of co-investigators supporting a PI.
Nardodipace
Nardodipace (Calabrian: Narduepaci) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Vibo Valentia in the Italian region Calabria, located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) southwest of Catanzaro and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) southeast of Vibo Valentia.

Nardodipace borders the following municipalities: Caulonia, Fabrizia (to which it was united until 1901), Martone, Mongiana, Pazzano, Roccella Ionica, Stilo.

Stilo
Stilo (Calabrian: Stilu; Greek: Στύλος, romanized: Stylos, lit. 'column') is a town and comune in the province of Reggio Calabria, in the Calabria region of southern Italy. It is 151 kilometres (94 mi) from Reggio.

It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").

The economy of the commune is mainly based on agriculture, with production of cereals, oil, wine and cheese. There are mines of iron and lead.

At 10 kilometres (6 mi) from the city is the promontory of Cape Stilo, near where in July 1940 the Battle of Punta Stilo was fought by the Italian and British navies.
Citra, Florida
Citra is an unincorporated community in Marion County, Florida, United States. The community is part of the Ocala Metropolitan Statistical Area. Citra is known as the home of the pineapple orange, (originally called the hickory orange) a name coined by James B. Owens in 1883 for an orange with an aroma reminiscent of a pineapple.

Ocala, Florida
Ocala (/oʊˈkælə/ oh-KAL-ə) is a city in and the county seat of Marion County, Florida, United States. Located in North Central Florida, the city's population was 63,591 as of the 2020 census, up from 56,315 at the 2010 census and making it the 43rd-most populated city in Florida. Ocala is the principal city of the Ocala metropolitan area, which had a population of 375,908 in 2020.

Home to over 400 thoroughbred farms and training centers, Ocala is considered the "Horse Capital of the World". Notable attractions include the Ocala National Forest, Silver Springs State Park, Rainbow Springs State Park, the College of Central Florida, and the World Equestrian Center.
Matteo Piccione
Matteo Piccione (1615 – 1671) was an Italian painter, active in Rome, as a painter of religious subjects. He was born in Ancona. He is noted by Lanzi to be a collaborator with Giovanni Antonio Galli He was an academic in the Accademia di San Luca in 1655. One of his paintings is in San Martino ai Monti, Rome. Mariette's catalogue lists paintings in the style of Veronese and Cesi.

Ancona
Ancona (/æŋˈkoʊnə/, also US: /ænˈ-, ɑːnˈ-/; Italian: [aŋˈkoːna] ⓘ) is a city and a seaport in the Marche region of central Italy. The city of Ancona has an estimated population of around 99,469 as of 2025. Ancona is the capital of the homonymous province and of the region. The city is located 280 km (170 mi) northeast of Rome, on the Adriatic Sea, between the slopes of the two extremities of the promontory of Monte Conero, Monte Astagno and Monte Guasco. The hilly nature around Ancona is a strong contrast to the flatter coastline in areas further north.

Ancona is one of the main ports on the Adriatic Sea, especially for passenger traffic, and is the main economic and demographic centre of the region.

As a result of Ancona's unique elbow shape facing the sea, Ancona is one of the few cities in the world and the only city in Italy where it is possible to see both sunrise and sunset over the sea.
Bukharan Jews
Bukharan Jews, also known as Bukharian Jews, are the Mizrahi Jewish sub-group of Central Asia that dwelt predominantly in what is today Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Afghanistan. The group's name is derived from the Emirate of Bukhara, a polity that once had a sizable Jewish population.

Bukharan Jews are one of the oldest Jewish diaspora groups, dating back to the Babylonian exile, and comprise a branch of Persian-speaking Jewry. They are also one of the oldest ethnoreligious groups in Central Asia.

Since the dissolution of the Soviet Union, most Bukharan Jews have emigrated to Israel, the United States, Canada, Europe, and Australia.

Ethnoreligious group
An ethnoreligious group (or an ethno-religious group) is a group of people with a common religious and ethnic background or, in some cases, a religious background exclusively. It can also be considered a sub-category of ethnicity, where members have a common religion, which they collectively believe to have.

In a narrower sense, they refer to groups whose religious and ethnic traditions are historically linked.
TNN Motorsports Hardcore Heat
TNN Motorsports HardCore Heat ("Great Buggy" in early development), known in Japan and Europe as Buggy Heat (バギーヒート, Bagī Hīto), is an off-road racing video game for the Dreamcast, developed and published by CRI, and published by ASC Games and Sega in 1999.

Off-roading
Off-roading is the act of driving or riding in a vehicle on unpaved surfaces such as sand, dirt, gravel, riverbeds, mud, snow, rocks, or other natural terrain. Off-roading ranges from casual drives with regular vehicles to competitive events with customized vehicles and skilled drivers.