hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dabaga, Niger
Dabaga is a town and rural commune in the Agadez Region of northern Niger. The town is situated around 50 kilometers north of the regional capital, Agadez, on the main road leading north into the Aïr Mountains and the town of Elmeki. Like the nearby communities of Azel, Elmeki and Egandawel, Dabaga is an oasis in the Aïr  Massif valleys, populated by both sedentary and semi-nomadic Tuaregs and small numbers of Hausa and other groups.  According to the census 2012, Dabaga had a permanent population of 23,969, mostly families of Tuareg pastoralists, where the adult men traveled with their herds.

Though a village with a long history, Dabaga was officially designated the chief place of its own "Rural Commune" in 2002.  It is one of five communes in the Tchirozérine Department.

Aïr Mountains
The Aïr Mountains or Aïr Massif (Tamajăq: Ayǝr; Hausa: Eastern Azbin, Western Abzin) is a triangular massif, located in northern Niger, within the Sahara. Part of the West Saharan montane xeric woodlands ecoregion, they rise to more than 1,800 m (5,900 ft) and extend over 84,000 km2 (32,000 sq mi). Lying in the midst of desert north of the 17th parallel, the Aïr plateau, with an average altitude between 500 and 900 m (1,600 and 3,000 ft), forms an island of Sahel climate which supports a wide variety of life, many pastoral and farming communities, and dramatic geological and archaeological sites. There are notable archaeological excavations in the region that illustrate the prehistoric past of this region. The endangered African wild dog (Lycaon pictus) once existed in this region, but may now be extirpated due to human population pressures in this region.
Hong Kong Virtual University
Hong Kong Virtual University (HKVU, 香港虛擬大學), formerly known as Cyber University, began in 2001 and is a collaborative program funded by the Restructuring and Collaboration Fund of the University Grants Committee. It aims to provide a virtual campus for Hong Kong tertiary institutions and universities. The online courses offered by the HKVU can be taken by students who either study in or will enter these institutions. The courses are jointly provided by the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, the City University of Hong Kong, the Lingnan University, the Hong Kong Institute of Education, and the University of Hong Kong.

These courses cover four areas: general education, information technology, language, and science and education.

Education University of Hong Kong
The Education University of Hong Kong (EdUHK) is a public university in Ting Kok, New Territories, Hong Kong.

The university was founded in 1994 as The Hong Kong Institute of Education. It is one of eight subsidised universities under the University Grants Committee of Hong Kong and the only one historically dedicated to teacher education, with an increasingly broadening academic scope across recent years.
Ram Mohan
Ram Mohan (26 August 1931 – 11 October 2019) was an Indian animator, title designer and design educator, who was also known as father of Indian Animation and was a veteran in the Indian animation industry, who started his career at the Cartoon Films Unit, Films Division of India, Government of India in 1956. He was chairman and chief creative officer at Graphiti Multimedia, a Mumbai-based animation company which was established in 1995, and later he also established the Graphiti School of Animation in 2006.

He had won the National Film Award for Best Non-Feature Animation Film twice, You Said It (1972) and Fire Games (1983). He was awarded a lifetime achievement award at the 2006 Mumbai International Film Festival and was awarded the Padma Shri the fourth-highest civilian award given by Government of India in 2014.

Chief creative officer
The title Chief Creative Officer (CCO) typically describes the highest-ranking position of a creative team within a media company. Depending on the type of company, this position may be responsible for the overall look and feel of marketing, media, and branding associated with the organization. The CCO may also be charged with managing, developing, and leading one or multiple teams of creative directors, art directors, designers, and copywriters. They may also have charge over long-term planning related to intellectual property owned by the company, as in the case of Marvel Comics/Marvel Studios, DC Comics/DC Studios, or the WWE.
Mine Line
The Mine Line (美祢線, Mine-sen) is a rural railway line owned and operated by the West Japan Railway Company (JR West). It connects Asa Station in San'yō-Onoda to Nagatoshi Station in Nagato, both in Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan.

The 46.0 km (28.6 mi) line operates north-south connecting the San'in Main Line with the San'yō Main Line and San'yō Shinkansen. No other railway lines are crossed by the Mine Line.

San'yō Main Line
The San'yō Main Line (山陽本線, San'yō-honsen) is a major railway line owned by JR Group companies in western Japan, connecting Kōbe Station and Moji Station, largely paralleling the coast of the Seto Inland Sea, in other words, the southern coast of western Honshu. The San'yō Shinkansen line largely parallels its route. The name Sanyō derived from the ancient region and highway San'yōdō, the road on the sunny (south) side of the mountains.

The Sanyō Main Line is operated by two JR companies:

West Japan Railway Company (JR West)  JR Kobe Line, San'yō Line

Kyushu Railway Company (JR Kyushu) San'yō Line

The Wadamisaki Line, a short section of line in the length of 2.7 km (1.7 mi) between Hyōgo and Wadamisaki stations in Kobe is a branch of the Sanyō Main Line. A short section connecting Kitakyushu Freight Terminal also forms part of the Sanyō Main Line.
Chineke
Chineke (Russian: Чинеке; Yakut: Чинэкэ, Çineke) is a rural locality (a selo), the only inhabited locality, and the administrative center of Chernyshevsky Rural Okrug of Vilyuysky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia, located 20 kilometers (12 mi) from Vilyuysk, the administrative center of the district. Its population as of the 2010 Census was 945, down from 984 recorded during the 2002 Census.

Vilyuysky District
Vilyuysky District (Russian: Вилю́йский улу́с; Yakut: Бүлүү улууһа, romanized: Bülüü uluuha, [bylyː uluːha]) is an administrative and municipal district (raion, or ulus), one of the thirty-four in the Sakha Republic, Russia. It is located in the western central part of the republic and borders with Zhigansky District in the northeast, Kobyaysky District in the east, Gorny District in the south, Verkhnevilyuysky District in the west, and with Olenyoksky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 55,200 square kilometers (21,300 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Vilyuysk. Population: 25,222 (2010 Census); 25,696 (2002 Census); 28,704 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Vilyuysk accounts for 40.6% of the district's total population.
Kaafi Thota
Kaafi Thota is a 2017 Indian romantic thriller Kannada film written, directed and co-produced by T. N. Seetharam. Adapting a crowd-funding methodology, Seetharam produced the film along with 29 other donors under the maiden banner "Manvanthara Films".

The film stars Raghu Mukherjee, Radhika Chetan and Samyukta Hornad in the lead roles along with Rahul Madhav, B. C. Patil, Achyuth Kumar, Sudha Belawadi and Sundar Raj in key supporting roles. The project marks the comeback of T. N. Seetharam to the big screen after his earlier directorial Meera Madhava Raghava.

Achyuth Kumar
Achyuth Kumar is an Indian actor who predominantly works in Kannada cinema, alongside a few Tamil, Telugu and Malayalam films. He is known for his performances in the KGF, Kantara, Sidlingu, and Lucia. He is the recipient of three Filmfare Awards and two Karnataka State Film Awards, one each in Best Supporting Actor and Best Actor categories.
Sheila MacAskill
Sheila Lennox MacAskill (1946 – 17 April 2020) was a Scottish gay rights campaigner who had a pivotal role in decriminalising homosexuality in Scotland. MacAskill was also the first Chairwoman of the Scottish Minorities Group (SMG), the only female executive, and was responsible for establishing their first premises on Sauchiehall Street, Glasgow, in 1977.

Sauchiehall Street
Sauchiehall Street (/ˌsɔːkɪˈhɔːl, ˌsɒkɪ-, ˈsɔːkɪhɔːl, ˈsɒkɪ-/) is one of the main shopping streets in the city centre of Glasgow, Scotland, along with Buchanan Street and Argyle Street.

Although commonly associated with the city centre, Sauchiehall Street is over 1.5 miles (2.4 km) in length. At its central west end is Charing Cross, followed by the Category-A listed crescents and terraces which lead up to Park Circus, finally meeting Argyle Street in the West End in front of Kelvingrove Park and the Kelvingrove Museum, where they merge to form Dumbarton Road, continuing through Partick.
November 2019 Gaza–Israel clashes
The Gaza–Israel clashes (November 2019) code-named by Israel as Operation Black Belt (Hebrew: מבצע חגורה שחורה), took place between the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) and Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ) following the targeted killing of senior PIJ commander Baha Abu al-Ata in Gaza, and the attempted killing of senior PIJ commander Akram al-Ajouri in Damascus, Syria by the IDF. PIJ responded with rocket fire into Israel, including long-range rockets fired towards Tel Aviv, leading to several civilians being wounded. In response to the rocket fire, Israel carried out airstrikes and artillery shelling in the Gaza Strip, killing and wounding several militants as well as civilians.

A ceasefire went into effect after 48 hours of clashes, though it was breached by some Palestinian militants.

Targeted killing
Targeted killing is a form of assassination carried out by governments outside a judicial procedure or a battlefield.

Since the late 20th century, the legal status of targeted killing has become a subject of contention within and between various nations. Historically, at least since the mid-eighteenth century, Western thinking has generally considered the use of assassination as a tool of statecraft to be illegal. Some academics, military personnel and officials describe targeted killing as legitimate within the context of self-defense, when employed against terrorists or combatants engaged in asymmetrical warfare. They argue that unmanned combat aerial vehicles (drones) are more humane and more accurate than manned vehicles.

Scholars are also divided as to whether targeted killings are an effective counterterrorism strategy.

The strategy has also been used by non-state actors and unrecognised states such as the so-called Islamic State.
Portage, Utah
Portage is a town in Box Elder County, Utah, United States. The population was 273 at the 2020 census. The town received its name from Lorenzo Snow, an apostle of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. He named it Portage after his birthplace of Portage County, Ohio.

Lorenzo Snow
Lorenzo Snow (April 3, 1814 – October 10, 1901) was an American religious leader who served as the fifth president of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) from 1898 until his death. Snow was the last president of the LDS Church in the 19th century and the first in the 20th.
Independent Olympic Athletes at the 2017 Asian Winter Games
Independent Olympic Athletes are scheduled to compete in the 2017 Asian Winter Games in Sapporo and Obihiro, Japan from February 19 to 26. The team is scheduled to compete in one sport: ice hockey, and consists of 23 athletes.

Obihiro
Obihiro (帯広市, Obihiro-shi) is a city  located in Tokachi Subprefecture, Hokkaidō, Japan.  As of 31 December 2025, the city had an estimated population of 159,294 in 90105 households, and a population density of 257 people per km2. The total area of the city is 619.34 km2 (239.13 sq mi). The next most populous municipality in Tokachi is the adjacent town of Otofuke, with less than a third of Obihiro's population.  In 2008, Obihiro was designated a "model environmental city" in Japan.
Maryam Sedarati
Maryam Sedarati (Persian: مریم صدارتی; born 1 June 1950) is a retired Iranian athlete. In 1973 she became the first Iranian woman to win a medal at an international athletics competition, a bronze in the high jump at the Asian Championships. Next year she placed fifth in the pentathlon at the 1974 Asian Games. Sedarati held the national high jump record from 1964 to 1996. She semi-retired from athletics between 1968 and 1973, to marry and raise her child, and then set her last national record in 1973.

1974 Asian Games
The 7th Asian Games (Persian: بازی‌های آسیایی VII), also known as Tehran 1974 (Persian: تهران ۱۹۷۴), were held from 1 to 16 September 1974 in Tehran, Iran. The Aryamehr Sports Complex was built for the Games. This marked the first time the Asian Games were hosted in the Middle East. Tehran, the capital of Iran, played host to 3,010 athletes coming from 25 countries/NOCs, the highest number of participants since the inception of the Games.

Fencing, gymnastics and women's basketball were added to the existing disciplines. The games were known for the use of state-of-the-art technology, from synthetic track to photo-finish cameras.
Crucifixion in the arts
Crucifixions and crucifixes have appeared in the arts and popular culture from before the era of the pagan Roman Empire. The crucifixion of Jesus has been depicted in a wide range of religious art since the 4th century CE, frequently including the appearance of mournful onlookers such as the Virgin Mary, Pontius Pilate, and angels, as well as antisemitic depictions portraying Jews as responsible for Christ's death. Modern art and culture have also seen the rise of images of crucifixion being used to make statements unconnected with Christian iconography, or even just used for shock value.

Fernando Amorsolo
Fernand Amorsolo y Cueto (May 30, 1892 – April 24, 1972) was a portraitist and painter of rural Philippine landscapes. Nicknamed the "Grand Old Man of Philippine Art," he was the first-ever to be recognized as a National Artist of the Philippines. He was recognized as such for his "pioneering use of impressionistic technique" as well as his skill in the use of lighting and backlighting in his paintings, "significant not only in the development of Philippine art but also in the formation of Filipino notions of self and identity."
Uvariastrum hexaloboides
Uvariastrum hexaloboides is a species of plant in the Annonaceae family. It is native to Tanzania, Zambia and Zaire. Robert Elias Fries, the botanist who first formally described the species using the basionym Uvaria hexaloboides, named it after a different species Hexalobus monopetalus which he thought its flowers and vegetative parts resembled.

Annonaceae
The Annonaceae are a family of flowering plants consisting of trees, shrubs, or rarely lianas commonly known as the custard apple family or soursop family. With 108 accepted genera and about 2400 known species, it is the largest family in the Magnoliales. Several genera produce edible fruit, most notably Annona, Anonidium, Asimina, Rollinia, and Uvaria. Its type genus is Annona. The family is concentrated in the tropics, with few species found in temperate regions. About 900 species are Neotropical, 450 are Afrotropical, and the remaining are Indomalayan.
Treaty of Aynalıkavak
Treaty of Aynalıkavak was a treaty between Ottoman Empire and Russian Empire signed on March 10, 1779. The formal name is Aynalıkavak bond of arbitration (Turkish: Aynalıkavak tenkihnamesi). Aynalıkavak is a palace in İstanbul where the treaty was signed.

Aynalıkavak Pavilion
Aynalıkavak Pavilion (Turkish: Aynalıkavak Kasrı) is a former Ottoman pavilion located in the Hasköy neighborhood of Beyoğlu district in Istanbul, Turkey. It was constructed during the reign of Sultan Ahmed I (1603–1617), with various additions and changes over time. It is under the administration of the Turkish Directorate of National Palaces.

Pavilion exterior

Window detail

Dome exterior

Dome interior
Priestly sash
The  priestly sash or girdle (Hebrew אַבְנֵט‎ avnet) was part of the ritual garments worn by Jewish high priests who served in the Temple in Jerusalem.

The "sash" or "girdle" worn by the High Priest was of fine linen with "embroidered work" in blue, purple and scarlet (Exodus 28:39, 39:29); those worn by the priests were of white, twined linen. The sash should not be confused with the embroidered belt of the ephod. Like the other priestly vestments, the purpose of the sash was "for glory and for beauty" (Exodus 28:41). On the Day of Atonement the High Priest changed into special linen garments that included a sash of fine linen without any embroidery (Leviticus 16:4). These linen garments were worn only once, with new ones being made each year.

Yom Kippur
Yom Kippur (/ˌjɒm kɪˈpʊər, ˌjɔːm ˈkɪpər, ˌjoʊm-/ ⓘ YOM kip-OOR, YAWM KIP-ər, YOHM-; Hebrew: יוֹם כִּפּוּר‎ Yōm Kippūr [ˈjom kiˈpuʁ], lit. 'Day of Atonement') is the holiest day of the year in Judaism. It occurs annually on the 10th of Tishrei, corresponding to a date in late September or early October.

For traditional Jewish people, it is primarily centered on atonement and repentance. The day's main observances consist of full fasting and asceticism, both accompanied by extended prayer services (usually at synagogue) and sin confessions. Some minor Jewish denominations, such as Reconstructionist Judaism, focus less on sins and more on one's goals and accomplishments and setting yearly intentions.

Alongside the related holiday of Rosh Hashanah, Yom Kippur is one of the two components of the High Holy Days of Judaism. It is also the last of the Ten Days of Repentance.
Warr Guitar
The Warr Guitar is an American-made touch guitar, a type of instrument that combines both bass and melodic strings on a single fretboard. Invented by Mark Warr, a musician from Thousand Oaks, California, it is related to the Chapman Stick, another two-handed tapping instrument. The Warr guitar is designed for either two-handed tapping or strumming. It has between seven and 14 strings.

Well-known Warr guitar players include Trey Gunn and Colin Marston.

Thousand Oaks, California
Thousand Oaks is the second-largest city in Ventura County, California, located in the northwestern part of Greater Los Angeles. Approximately 15 miles (24 km) from the city of Los Angeles and 40 miles (64 km) from Downtown Los Angeles, it is named after the many oak trees present in the area.

The city forms the central populated core of the Conejo Valley. Thousand Oaks was incorporated in 1964 and has since expanded to the west and east. Two-thirds of the master-planned community surrounding Westlake and most of Newbury Park were annexed by the city during the late 1960s and 1970s. The Los Angeles County–Ventura County line forms the city's eastern border with the city of Westlake Village. The population was 126,966 at the 2020 census, up from 126,683 at the 2010 census.
Ljubomir Jovanović
Ljubomir Jovanović (Serbian Cyrillic: Љубомир Јовановић, 14 February 1865 – 2 October 1928) was a Serbian politician and historian. He was a professor at the University of Belgrade since its establishment in 1905, a member of the SKU, Minister of Education, Minister of Internal Affairs, and member of the State Council.

Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts
The Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts (Latin: Academia Scientiarum et Artium Serbica; Serbian: Српска академија наука и уметности, САНУ, romanized: Srpska akademija nauka i umetnosti, SANU) is a national academy and the most prominent academic institution in Serbia, founded in 1841 as Society of Serbian Letters (Serbian: Друштво србске словесности, ДСС, romanized: Društvo srbske slovesnosti, DSS).

The Academy's membership has included Nobel laureates Ivo Andrić, Leopold Ružička, Vladimir Prelog, Glenn T. Seaborg, Mikhail Sholokhov, Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, and Peter Handke as well as, Josif Pančić, Jovan Cvijić, Branislav Petronijević, Vlaho Bukovac, Mihajlo Pupin, Nikola Tesla, Milutin Milanković, Mihailo Petrović-Alas, Mehmed Meša Selimović, Danilo Kiš, Paja Jovanović, Dmitri Mendeleev, Victor Hugo, Leo Tolstoy, Jacob Grimm, Antonín Dvořák, Henry Moore and many other scientists, scholars and artists of Serbian and foreign origin.
Michael Schulz
Michael Schulz (born 3 September 1961) is a German former professional footballer who played as a central defender. He played 243 matches in the Bundesliga for Borussia Dortmund, Werder Bremen and 1. FC Kaiserslautern and scored eight goals.

Franz Beckenbauer Supercup
The Franz Beckenbauer Supercup or German Super Cup is an annual football match in Germany that features the winners of the Bundesliga championship and the DFB-Pokal. The competition is run by the Deutsche Fußball Liga (English: German Football League).
Daniele Girolamo Dolfin
Daniele Girolamo Dolfin or Daniele IV Dolfin (1656 – 14 April 1729) was a Venetian statesman and military commander. He participated in the Morean War during the siege of Athens, the Battle of Mytilene, where he was heavily wounded, and the Battle of Samothrace, the last battle of the war. After the war he served as governor-general of the Venetian Ionian Islands (1699) and of the Terraferma (1706) and envoy extraordinary to Emperor Leopold I (1700). During the first phase of the Second Morean War he was Provveditore Generale da Mar, but was replaced after failing to prevent the loss of the Morea. His final appointment was as ambassador to Poland.

He was known as "Girolamo" to distinguish him from his namesake brothers, Daniele Marco Dolfin (1653–1704) and Daniele Giovanni Dolfin (1654–1729). Dolfin lost his left hand during the 1690 battle of Mytilene.

Ottoman reconquest of the Morea
The Ottoman reconquest of the Morea took place in June–September 1715, during the Seventh Ottoman–Venetian War. The Ottoman army, under Grand Vizier Silahdar Damat Ali Pasha, aided by the fleet under Kapudan Pasha ('Grand Admiral') Canım Hoca Mehmed Pasha, conquered the Morea (more commonly known as the Peloponnese) peninsula in southern Greece, which had been captured by the Republic of Venice in the 1680s, during the Sixth Ottoman–Venetian War. The Ottoman reconquest inaugurated the second period of Ottoman rule in the Morea, which ended with the outbreak of the Greek War of Independence in 1821.
Toirdhealbhach mac Ruaidhrí Ó Conchobhair
Toirdhealbhach Ó Conchobhair (died 1239) was a King of Connacht.

Toirdhealbhach (Turlough) was a son of Ruaidhrí Ó Conchobhair, King of Connacht. A daughter of Toirdhealbhach, Bean Mhídhe, seems to have married Maol Mhuire an Sparáin, son of Murchadh Mac Suibhne. The record of this union appears to be evidence that Toirdhealbhach utilised overseas military support from Clann Suibhne in his bid to claim the kingship of Connacht. In 1225, Toirdhealbhach attained the kingship with the aid of Aodh Méith Ó Néill, and was inaugurated at Carnfree. Three years later, in 1228, Toirdhealbhach was expelled from the kingship and replaced by his younger brother, Aodh, who was likewise inaugurated at Carnfree.

Clan Sweeney
Clan Sweeney is an Irish clan of Scottish Highlands origin.  The Mac Suibhne family did not permanently settle in Ireland before the beginning of the 14th century, when they became Gallowglass soldiers for the Ua Domnaill dynasty of Tír Chonaill. The clan also claims an Irish descent from a prince of the Uí Néill dynasty, Ánrothán Ua Néill, son of Áed, son of Flaithbertach Ua Néill, King of Ailech and Cenél nEógain, died 1036. Through this descent the clan can claim a descent from Niall Noigíallach (Niall of the Nine Hostages).