hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Henry X. Liu
Henry X. Liu (Chinese: 刘向宏) is a Chinese American engineer, academic and an author. He is the Bruce D. Greenshields Collegiate Professor of Engineering, the Director of Mcity, a professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering, a Professor of Mechanical Engineering, and a research professor at the University of Michigan Transportation Institute.

Liu is known for his contributions to traffic flow monitoring, modeling and control as well as for his work in testing and evaluating connected and automated vehicles. He has published over 140 peer-reviewed journal articles, with an h-index of 64, in journals such as Nature, Nature Communications, and Transportation Research Part A, B, C. His research has been featured in media outlets including the Associated Press, Wall Street Journal, CNBC, and Forbes.

Liu is the Managing Editor of the Journal of Intelligent Transportation Systems.

Transportation Research Part A
Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice is a bimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research on transportation policy and related issues. It was established in 1979 as Transportation Research Part A: General, obtaining its current name in 1992. The editors-in-chief are Juan de Dios Ortuzar (Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile) and E. Cherchi (Newcastle University). According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2024 impact factor of 6.8.
Student unionism in Australia
Australia's universities are home to a variety of different student union groups, providing a range of political, commercial and other services to students. The sector has undergone substantial change in recent years, with a decline in participation, intervention by university administrations, and the end of compulsory membership arrangements.

Although names such as union, student association, representative council and guild are common, in practice they provide little insight into an organisation's role on campus. In addition, some organisations have chosen to rebrand using entirely new names, with the term "union" in particular considered to be the source of misunderstandings about their role. Students at Macquarie University and Arc at the University of New South Wales are examples of this trend. Where campus unions are being replaced with university-owned corporate entities, non-traditional names such as UWS Connect and UniCentre are becoming common.

Macquarie University
Macquarie University (/məˈkwɒri/ mə-KWORR-ee) is a public research university in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Founded in 1964 by the New South Wales Government, it was the third university to be established in the Sydney metropolitan area.

Established as a verdant university, Macquarie has four faculties, as well as the Macquarie University Hospital, which are on the university's main Wallumattagal campus in the suburb of Macquarie Park.

The university is the first in Australia to fully align its degree system with the Bologna Accord.
Bids for the 1959 Pan American Games
One city initially submitted a bid to host the 1959 Pan American Games that was recognized by the Pan American Sports Organization (PASO), along with three cities that withdrew their bids. On March 11, 1955, at the IV Pan American Congress in Mexico City, PASO selected Cleveland unanimously to host the III Pan American Games.

On April 15, 1957, Cleveland asked PASO to be relieved of their assignment as the host city. Subsequently, both Guatemala City and Rio de Janeiro informed PASO that they would not be able to host the games either. Two cities came forward as candidates host the games, Chicago and São Paulo, and on August 3, 1957, Chicago was selected over São Paulo by a vote of 13 to 6.

Panam Sports
Panam Sports, officially the Pan American Sports Organization (Spanish: Organización Deportiva Panamericana), is an international organization which represents the current 41 National Olympic Committees of the American continents.

It is affiliated with the International Olympic Committee and its affiliated bodies, including ANOC, the Association of National Olympic Committees, and serves as the continental association of the American Continents.

The organization's flagship event is the quadrennial Pan American Games, held since 1951. The Parapan American Games were inaugurated in 1999 for disabled athletes and are held alongside the able-bodied Pan American Games. The Pan American Winter Games, for winter sports, were held only once in 1990. The Pan American Sports Festival was inaugurated in 2014 as a developmental event for the region's athletes.
Ravid
Ravid (Hebrew: רָבִיד, lit. 'Necklace') is a small kibbutz in northern Israel. Located to the west of the Sea of Galilee, it falls under the jurisdiction of Emek HaYarden Regional Council. In 2023 it had a population of 127.

Sea of Galilee
The Sea of Galilee (Hebrew: יָם כִּנֶּרֶת, Judeo-Aramaic: יַמּא דטבריא, גִּנֵּיסַר, Arabic: بحيرة طبريا), also called Lake Tiberias, Genezareth Lake  or Kinneret, is a freshwater lake in Israel and the Golan Heights. It is the lowest freshwater lake on Earth and the second-lowest lake in the world (after the Dead Sea, a salt lake), with its elevation fluctuating between 215 and 209 metres (705 and 686 ft) below sea level (depending on rainfall). It is approximately 53 km (33 mi) in circumference, about 21 km (13 mi) long, and 13 km (8 mi) wide. Its area is 166.7 km2 (64.4 sq mi) at its fullest, and its maximum depth is approximately 43 metres (141 ft). The lake is fed partly by underground springs, but its main source is the Jordan River, which flows through it from north to south with the outflow controlled by the Degania Dam.
Asfa-Wossen Asserate
Le'ul Ras Asfa-Wossen Asserate (Amharic: አስፋ ወሰን ዓሥራተ; born 31 October 1948) is an Ethiopian-German political analyst and consultant for African and Middle-Eastern Affairs and best-selling author. A member of the Ethiopian royalty, he is the great-nephew of the last Emperor of Ethiopia Haile Selassie I, great-grandson of the Empress Menen and son of the last President of the Imperial Crown Council, Le'ul Ras (Duke) Asserate Kassa and his wife Leult (Princess) Zuriash Worq Gabre-Iqziabher.

Emperor of Ethiopia
The emperor of Ethiopia (Ge'ez: ንጉሠ ነገሥት, romanized: nəgusä nägäst, "King of Kings"), also known as the Atse (Amharic: ዐፄ, "emperor"), was the hereditary ruler of the Ethiopian Empire, from at least the 13th century until the abolition of the monarchy in 1975. The emperor was the head of state and head of government, with ultimate executive, judicial and legislative power in that country. A National Geographic article from 1965 called Imperial Ethiopia "nominally a constitutional monarchy; in fact it was a benevolent autocracy".
Danielów
Danielów [daˈɲɛluf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kamieńsk, within Radomsko County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) north of Kamieńsk, 21 km (13 mi) north of Radomsko, and 60 km (37 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.

Kamieńsk
Kamieńsk (Polish pronunciation: [ˈkamjɛj̃sk]) is a town in south-central Poland, in the Łódź Voivodeship, in Radomsko County. As of 2020, it had 2,703 inhabitants. It is located in the Sieradz Land.

There is an airport named Kamieńsk-Orla Góra in Kamieńsk mainly used for agricultural purposes.
Ginger Huber
Ginger Huber (born December 6, 1974) is an American diver who won the silver medal at the 2013 World Aquatics Championships in Barcelona at the High diving event behind Cesilie Carlton and before Anna Bader.

2013 World Aquatics Championships
The 15th FINA World Championships (Catalan: Campionat Mundial de Natació de 2013, Spanish: Campeonato Mundial de Natación de 2013) were held from 20 July to 4 August in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. The 2013 World Championships featured 6 aquatics disciplines: swimming, water polo, diving, high diving, open water, and synchronised swimming.

The Championships were originally awarded to Dubai, United Arab Emirates, in July 2009; however, Dubai withdrew as host in May 2010. FINA then re-bid the meet, and Barcelona was selected on September 26, 2010.
James Allan (computer scientist)
James Allan is the Chair of Faculty and Professor of computer science at University of Massachusetts Amherst and was named an ACM Fellow 2020, for his research and contributions to the area of information retrieval. His research has been cited more than 20,000 times (April 2021). In 2019, James Allan was elected to be the treasurer of the Computing Research Association for a term of two years.

Computing Research Association
The Computing Research Association (CRA) is a 501(c)3 non-profit association of North American academic departments of computer science, computer engineering, and related fields; laboratories and centers in industry, government, and academia engaging in basic computing research; and affiliated professional societies.  CRA was formed in 1972 and is based in Washington, D.C., United States.
Jim Dennison
James Leo Dennison (February 12, 1938 – January 4, 2026) was an American college football and baseball coach and college athletics administrator. From 1994 to 2012, he served as the head football coach at Walsh University in North Canton, Ohio. From 1973 to 1985, he was the head football coach at the University of Akron. He was also the head baseball coach at Akron in 1966. He served as the athletic director at Akron (1986–1993) and Walsh (1993–2007). Dennison played college football and college baseball at the College of Wooster, from which he graduated in 1960.

North Canton, Ohio
North Canton is a city in Stark County, Ohio, United States. The population was 17,842 at the 2020 census, and was estimated at 17,677 in 2024. It is a suburb in the Canton–Massillon Metropolitan statistical area.
Sepetiba
Sepetiba is a neighborhood in the West Zone of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, surrounded by Santa Cruz and Guaratiba, and by the Sepetiba Bay. It occupies an area of 1,162.13 ha, and has a population of 35,892 (according to Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, IBGE, 2000 demographic census).

The origin of the name Sepetiba is the Tupi, which has the word "Sipitiba" as an alternative and  çape-typa or çape-tyua as a corruption of the name, meaning Campo dos Sapés (Sapé field, in English), or Sapezal.

Close to Sepetiba is the port of Sepetiba Terminal. The port handles containers and general bulk cargo. Its maximum draft is 22.5m.

Shipping container
A shipping container is a container with strength suitable to withstand shipment, storage, and handling. Shipping containers range from large reusable steel boxes used for intermodal shipments to the ubiquitous corrugated boxes. In the context of international shipping trade, "container" or "shipping container" is virtually synonymous with "intermodal freight container" (sometimes informally called a "sea can"), a container designed to be moved from one mode of transport to another without unloading and reloading.
Roshni
Roshni or Roshini is a given name.  Notable persons with that name include:

Roshini (actress), Indian actress

Roshini (singer), Indian singer

Roshini Kempadoo (born 1959), British photographer, artist, and academic

Roshini Thinakaran, Sri Lankan-American filmmaker

Roshni Chopra (born 1980), Indian actress

Roshni Dinaker, Indian costume designer and film director

Roshni Kaur Soin (born 1986), Singaporean beauty pageant

Roshni Nadar (born 1980/81), Indian business executive

Roshni Rastogi, Indian actress

Roshni Sahota, Indian actress and model

Roshni Prakash (born 1993), Indian model and actress

Roshni Walia (born 2001), Indian actress

Roshini Haripriyan (born 1992), Indian television actress

Roshini Kempadoo
Roshini Kempadoo (born Crawley, Sussex, England, 1959) is a British photographer, media artist, and academic. For more than 20 years she has been a lecturer and researcher in photography, digital media production, and cultural studies in a variety of educational institutions, and is currently a professor in Photography and Visual Culture at the University of Westminster.

Her photography has been concerned with women's issues and issues of representation, particularly of black people. In her research, multimedia, and photographic projects, which explore the visual representation of the Caribbean, she combines "factual and fictional re-imaginings of contemporary experiences with history and memory ...[and] her recent work as a digital image artist includes photographs and screen-based interactive art installations that fictionalize Caribbean archive material, objects, and spaces."
Orphey Hydroelectric Power Station
The Orphey Pumpted Storage Hydro Power Plant (Bulgarian: Помпено-акумулираща водноелектрическа централа "Орфей") is an active hydro power project near Krichim in the Rhodope Mountains, southern Bulgaria. It has 4 individual Francis turbines which deliver up to 164.8 MW of power. One of the turbines can be used as a pump as well (38 MW), making this power plant a pumped storage type. The power plant uses water from the Vacha Reservoir along the homonymous river, and is part of the Dospat–Vacha Hydropower Cascade. The plant is named after Orpheus, who is said to have lived in these lands.

Rhodope Mountains
The Rhodopes (/ˈrɒdəpiːz/; Bulgarian: Родопи, Rodopi; Greek: Ροδόπη, Rodopi; Turkish: Rodoplar) are a mountain range in Southeastern Europe, and the largest by area in Bulgaria, with over 83% of its area in the southern part of the country and the remainder in Greece. Golyam Perelik is its highest peak at 2,191 meters (7,188 ft). The mountain range gives its name to the terrestrial ecoregion Rodope montane mixed forests that belongs in the temperate broadleaf and mixed forests biome and the Palearctic realm. The region is particularly notable for its karst areas with their deep river gorges, large caves and specific sculptured forms, such as the Trigrad Gorge.

A significant part of Bulgaria's hydropower resources are located in the western areas of the range. There are a number of hydro-cascades and dams used for electricity production, irrigation, and as tourist destinations.
Amanoyama Shizuo
Amanoyama Shizuo (born Shizuo Ogata; December 28, 1953 – September 17, 1997) was a sumo wrestler from Taku Saga, Japan. He was an amateur champion at Komazawa University and so was given makushita tsukedashi status upon entering professional sumo. He made his professional debut in March 1976, fighting under surname of Ogata,  and reached the top division in March 1978. In his top division debut he defeated ozeki Takanohana and scored 11 wins against 4 losses, winning the Fighting Spirit prize for the only time. He made his makuuchi debut in the same tournament as Kotowaka and as both were unusually tall, they were nicknamed "Jumbo Jet" and "Concorde". His highest rank was maegashira 1. Upon retirement from active competition, he became an elder in the Japan Sumo Association under the name Tatsutayama. He died while an active oyakata in September 1997 at the age of 43. He had been suffering from diabetes and liver disease since his days as an active wrestler.

Taku, Saga
Taku (多久市, Taku-shi) is a city located in Saga Prefecture on the island of Kyushu, Japan. As of 1 May 2024, the city had an estimated population of 17,807 in 7,912 households, and a  population density of 180 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 125.13 km2 (48.31 sq mi). Taku joined the UNESCO Global Network of Learning Cities in 2017.
The Naked Chef
The Naked Chef is a BBC Two cooking programme starring Jamie Oliver. It debuted in April 1999, and originally ran for three series plus three Christmas specials, and was produced by Optomen Television for the BBC. The show was Oliver's television debut, and was noted for its use of jumpy, close-up camera work, and the presenter's relaxed style.

Each episode took its theme from a social situation or event in Oliver's life, such as a hen night or babysitting. In series 1 and 2, except the Christmas specials, Oliver was filmed cooking at a home paid for by the production company. In series 3, the kitchen locations shifted to other venues.

Christmas in popular culture
Christmas themes have long been an inspiration to artists and writers. A prominent aspect of Christian media, the topic first appeared in literature and in music. Filmmakers have picked up on this wealth of material, with both adaptations of Christmas novels, in the forms of Christmas films, Santa Claus films, and Christmas television specials.

It also includes animation, comics, and children's books, including A Charlie Brown Christmas, How the Grinch Stole Christmas!, and Frosty the Snowman.
Garnes (surname)
Garnes is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Antoinette Garnes (about 1887–1938), American soprano singer

Chelen Garnes (born 2000), American football player

JoLynn Garnes, American film editor

Kåre Garnes (born 1954), Norwegian jazz musician

Leo Garnes (born 1968), Barbadian long-distance runner

Paul Garnes, American film and television producer

Sam Garnes (born 1974), American football player

Sherman Garnes (1940–1977), American singer

JoLynn Garnes
JoLynn Garnes is an American film editor.  She has edited feature documentaries, music videos, and TV commercials.

Garnes's best-known work is the critically acclaimed documentary film The Fearless Freaks, about American rock band The Flaming Lips.  Other documentary films edited by JoLynn include Summercamp! and All Dolled Up: A New York Dolls Story.

Garnes has also edited several music videos for artists including Beyoncé, Prince, Low, Mojave 3, Hilary Duff, Bon Iver, and The Flaming Lips.
Lord Ruthven Award
The Lord Ruthven Award is an annual award presented by the Lord Ruthven Assembly, a group of academic scholars specialising in vampire literature and affiliated with the International Association for the Fantastic in the Arts (IAFA).

The award is presented for the best fiction on vampires and the best academic work on the study of the vampire figure in culture and literature. The award is presented each March at the International Conference on the Fantastic in the Arts (ICFA) in Orlando. The award is named after Lord Ruthven, one of the first vampires in English literature.

David J. Skal
David John Skal (June 21, 1952 – January 1, 2024) was an American cultural historian, critic, writer, and on-camera commentator known for his research and analysis of horror films, horror history and horror culture.
Pokémon Theme
"Pokémon Theme" (also known as "Gotta catch 'em all!") is a song written by John Siegler and John Loeffler and performed by Jason Paige. It is the original theme song for the first season of the English adaptation of the Pokémon anime. Since its release, the song has been virtually synonymous with the Pokémon franchise because the line "Gotta catch 'em all!" has become its official English slogan; it is derived from the Japanese ポケモンGETだぜ! ("Pokemon [getto] da ze!").

Slogan
A slogan is a memorable motto or phrase used in a clan or a political, commercial, religious, or other context as a repetitive expression of an idea or purpose, with the goal of persuading members of the public or a more defined target group. The Oxford Dictionary of English defines a slogan as "a short and striking or memorable phrase used in advertising". A slogan usually has the attributes of being memorable, very concise and appealing to the audience.
International rankings of North Korea
North Korea ranks as the third least democratic country in the world in the Economist Intelligence Unit's Democracy Index, while The Heritage Foundation and The Wall Street Journal's Index of Economic Freedom places the country as the one with least economic freedom. According to the Press Freedom Index, North Korea has the second least free press in the world.

According to the Walk Free Foundation's Global Slavery Index, North Korea has the highest proportion of people in modern slavery. The Open Doors foundation's World Watch List lists the country as the worst persecutor of Christians in the world.

Index of Economic Freedom
The Index of Economic Freedom is an annual index and ranking created in 1995 by the Heritage Foundation and The Wall Street Journal to measure the degree of economic freedom in the world's nations. The creators of the index assert that they take an approach inspired by Adam Smith's The Wealth of Nations, that "basic institutions that protect the liberty of individuals to pursue their own economic interests result in greater prosperity for the larger society".
Eleftheria Zeggini
Eleftheria Zeggini (Greek: Ελευθερία Ζεγγίνη) is a director of the institute of translational genomics in Helmholtz Zentrum München and a professor at the Technical University of Munich (TUM).
Previously she served as a research group leader at the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute from 2008 to 2018 and an honorary professor in the department of health sciences at the University of Leicester in the UK.

Helmholtz Zentrum München
Helmholtz Zentrum München - Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), also known as Helmholtz Munich, is one of Germany’s leading non-university centers for biomedical research. It operates as part of Helmholtz Health, the health research division within the Helmholtz Association, Germany's largest scientific organization. Helmholtz Munich primarily focuses on interdisciplinary research in the fields of environmental and metabolic diseases, spanning the full research spectrum from basic science to applied research. The center employs approximately 2,500 staff members (as of 2024) and is headquartered on a campus in northern Munich, covering an area of over 50 hectares.
1961 NCAA soccer tournament
The 1961 NCAA soccer tournament was the third annual tournament organized by the National Collegiate Athletic Association to determine the national champion of men's college soccer among its  members in the United States.

The tournament final was played at Public Schools Stadium in St. Louis, Missouri on November 25.

West Chester State won their first title, defeating two-time defending champion Saint Louis, 2–0.

West Chester Golden Rams
The West Chester Golden Rams represent West Chester University of Pennsylvania, which is located in West Chester, Pennsylvania, in intercollegiate sports. They compete in the Pennsylvania State Athletic Conference (PSAC) in NCAA Division II.

The university currently fields 23 varsity Division II men's and women's teams.

The men's basketball team is coached by Damien Blair and won its first NCAA Division II Tournament game in 2018. In 2019–20, the team was ranked eighth and began the season on a 13-game win streak.

The Men's soccer team is coached by Michael Benn, who has been with the Golden Rams for 10 years. He has led them to the NCAA Division II Tournament 4 times, one trip seeing them go to the National final and the PSAC conference tournament 7 times as of 2021.
Regular haircut
A regular haircut in Western fashion is a men's and boys' hairstyle featuring hair long enough to comb on top, with a defined or deconstructed side part, and back and sides that vary in length from short, semi-short, medium, long, to extra long.: 129–131 : 98–101  The style is also known by other names, including taper cut, regular taper cut, side-part and standard haircut; as well as short back and sides, businessman cut and professional cut, subject to varying national, regional, and local interpretations of the specific taper for the back and sides.: 188 : 122 : 97

Comb
A comb is a tool consisting of a shaft that holds a row of teeth for pulling through the hair to clean, untangle, or style it.  Combs have been used since prehistoric times, having been discovered in very refined forms from settlements dating back to 5,000 years ago in Persia.

Weaving combs made of whalebone dating to the middle and late Iron Age have been found on archaeological digs in Orkney and Somerset.