hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ras Abu 'Ammar
Ras Abu 'Ammar (Arabic: رأس أبو عمار) was a small Palestinian Arab village in the Jerusalem Subdistrict. It was depopulated during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War on October 21, 1948, by the Har'el Brigade of Operation ha-Har. It was located 14 km west of Jerusalem, surrounded on three sides by the Wadi al-Sarar.

Victor Guérin
Victor Guérin (French pronunciation: [viktɔʁ ɡeʁɛ̃]; 15 September 1821 – 21 September 1890) was a French intellectual, explorer and amateur archaeologist. He published books describing the geography, archeology and history of the areas he explored, which included Greece, Asia Minor, North Africa, Lebanon, Syria and Palestine.
Maxwell Maltz
Maxwell Maltz (March 10, 1899 – April 7, 1975) was an American cosmetic surgeon. author of Psycho-Cybernetics (1960), which was a system of ideas that he claimed could improve one's self-image leading to a more successful and fulfilling life. He wrote several books, among which Psycho-Cybernetics was a long-time bestseller — influencing many subsequent self-help teachers. His orientation towards a system of ideas that would provide self-help is considered the forerunner of the now popular self-help books.

Plastic surgery
Plastic surgery is a surgical specialty involving restoration, reconstruction, or alteration of the human body. It can be divided into two main categories: reconstructive surgery and cosmetic surgery. Reconstructive surgery covers a wide range of specialties, including craniofacial surgery, oral and maxillofacial surgery, hand surgery, microsurgery, and the treatment of burns. This kind of surgery focuses on restoring a body part or improving its function. In contrast, cosmetic (or aesthetic) surgery focuses solely on improving the physical appearance of the body. A comprehensive definition of plastic surgery has never been established, because it has no distinct anatomical object and thus overlaps with practically all other surgical specialties. An essential feature of plastic surgery is that it involves the treatment of conditions that require or may require tissue relocation skills.
German torpedo boat T33
The German torpedo boat T33 was one of fifteen Type 39 torpedo boats built for the Kriegsmarine (German Navy) during World War II. Completed in mid-1944, the boat was assigned to convoy escort duties and supporting German forces in the Baltic. She escorted a heavy cruiser in January 1945 as she bombarded Soviet troops and helped to evacuate troops and refugees from advancing Soviet forces in May. T33 was allocated to the Soviet Union after the war and was renamed Primerny. She served with the Baltic Fleet until 1954 when the ship was converted into an accommodation ship and renamed PKZ-63. She was turned over to be scrapped on 9 November 1956 and subsequently broken up.

Baltic Fleet
The Baltic Fleet (Russian: Балтийский флот, romanized: Baltiyskiy flot) is the fleet of the Russian Navy in the Baltic Sea.

Established 18 May 1703, under Tsar Peter the Great as part of the Imperial Russian Navy, the Baltic Fleet is the oldest Russian fleet. In 1918, the fleet was inherited by the Russian SFSR which then founded the Soviet Union in 1922, where it was eventually known as the Twice Red Banner Baltic Fleet as part of the Soviet Navy, as during this period it gained the two awards of the Order of the Red Banner. Following the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, the Baltic Fleet was inherited by the Russian Federation and reverted to its original name as part of the Russian Navy.

The Baltic Fleet is headquartered in Kaliningrad and its main base is in Baltiysk (Pillau), both in Kaliningrad Oblast, while another base is in Kronstadt, Saint Petersburg, in the Gulf of Finland.
Don Raffell
Don Raffell (born Donald Howard Raffell; Apr 26, 1919 – Mar 24, 2003) was an American saxophonist, woodwind doubler (multireedist), studio musician and educator. Raffell recorded on hundreds of records, movies, and T.V shows dating from the 1940s all the way through the 1990s.  His career as a studio musician was long and stylistically diverse having started in the big band era and playing all the way up through rock n' roll and other modern pop era acts.  He had a long time close professional association with arranger and conductor Nelson Riddle.

The Platters
The Platters are an American rhythm and blues vocal group formed in 1952. They are one of the most successful vocal bands of the early rock and roll era. Their distinctive sound bridges the pre-rock Tin Pan Alley tradition and the new burgeoning genre. The act has gone through multiple line-ups over the years, earning it the branding tag "Many Voices One Name", with the most successful incarnation comprising lead tenor Tony Williams, David Lynch, Paul Robi, naming member Herb Reed, and Zola Taylor. The Platters had 40 charting singles on the  Billboard Hot 100 between 1955 and 1967, including four number-one hits. In 1990, the band was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. The group continues to perform around the world with "Herb Reed Enterprises" (an LLC set up by Reed in response to numerous fake Platters groups) owning the rights and trademark to the name.
Charles Regan
Charles Regan (11 May 1842 – 17 May 1921) was an English cricketer who played for Derbyshire in 1877.

Regan was born in Barnsley and became a brewer's traveller. Between 1873 and 1881 he was living variously in Romford, Essex, Barnsley and Croydon, Surrey.

Regan made his debut for Derbyshire in the 1877 season in May against Lancashire when he made his top score of 22. He played in the next four matches for the county until the middle of June. He batted in the upper-middle order throughout his short spell at the club.

Regan was a right-handed batsman who played 10 innings in 5 first-class matches with an average of 9.00 and a top score of 22. In 1884, he appeared for Essex against Surrey in a match without status.

Regan died in Southend-on-Sea at the age of 79.

Barnsley
Barnsley (/ˈbɑːrnzli/ ⓘ) is a market town in South Yorkshire, England. It is the main settlement of the Metropolitan Borough of Barnsley and the fourth largest settlement in South Yorkshire. The town's population was 71,422 in 2021, while the wider borough had a population of 244,600 in the 2021 census.

Historically in the West Riding of Yorkshire, Barnsley is located on the M1 corridor between the cities of Sheffield to the south and Wakefield to the north. Doncaster is to the east, Huddersfield to the north-west, and Manchester lies west across the Peak District to which it is connected to via the A628 road.

Barnsley's former industries include linen, coal mining, glass making and textiles. Barnsley's culture is rooted in its industrial heritage and it has a tradition of brass bands, originally created as social clubs by its mining communities.
New Quay, County Clare
New Quay or Newquay (Irish: An Chéibh Nua) is a small coastal settlement in County Clare, Ireland. It takes its name from the quay built at this point on Galway Bay in the 19th century. New Quay is in the civil parish of Abbey and the historical barony of Burren. It is within the ecclesiastical parish of Carron & New Quay in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Galway, Kilmacduagh and Kilfenora. The former holiday home of Lady Gregory, Mount Vernon Lodge, is located in a neighbouring townland, also called New Quay. In the ITA Topographical and General Survey, published by the Irish Tourist Association in 1942, New Quay is described as "scarcely [..] a village as the houses are very scattered. However there is a Guards station, a P.O., and two shops". A pub and restaurant on the quayside, Linnane's Bar, is located in the former post office building.

County Clare
County Clare (Irish: Contae an Chláir) is a county in the province of Munster in the  Southern part of Ireland, bordered on the west by the Atlantic Ocean. Clare County Council is the local authority. The county had a population of 127,938 at the 2022 census. The county seat and largest settlement is Ennis.
Mechanitis menapis
Mechanitis menapis, the Menapis tigerwing or variable tigerwing, is a species of butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It was described by William Chapman Hewitson in 1856. It is found in South America.

The larvae feed on Solanum species, including S. hispidum and S. torvum.

William Chapman Hewitson
William Chapman Hewitson (9 January 1806, in Newcastle upon Tyne – 28 May 1878, in Oatlands Park, Surrey) was a British naturalist. A wealthy collector, Hewitson was particularly devoted to Coleoptera (beetles) and Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths) and, also, to birds' nests and eggs. His collection of butterflies, collected by him as well as purchased from travellers throughout the world, was one of the largest and most important of his time. He contributed to and published many works on entomology and ornithology and was an accomplished scientific illustrator.
Baron Lovelace
Baron Lovelace, of Hurley in the County of Berks, was a title in the Peerage of England. It was created on 31 May 1627 for Sir Richard Lovelace, who had earlier represented Berkshire, Abingdon and Windsor in Parliament. The second Baron served as Lord Lieutenant of Berkshire. The third Baron sat as Member of Parliament for Berkshire. The fourth Baron was Governor of New York and New Jersey. The title became extinct on the early death of the sixth Baron in 1736.

The Lovelace title was revived in 1838 when William King, 8th Baron King was made Earl of Lovelace. He was the husband of Ada, daughter of Lord Byron and a descendant of the Barons Lovelace.

Abingdon (UK Parliament constituency)
Abingdon was a parliamentary constituency in England, represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of England until 1707, then of the Parliament of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800 and of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1885. It elected one Member of Parliament (MP) from 1558 until 1983, making it one of the few English constituencies in the unreformed House of Commons to elect only one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election.
Colorado Christian Cougars
The Colorado Christian Cougars are the athletic teams that represent Colorado Christian University, located in Lakewood, Colorado, in NCAA Division II intercollegiate sports. The Cougars compete as members of the Rocky Mountain Athletic Conference for all 13 varsity sports.

Rocky Mountain Athletic Conference
The Rocky Mountain Athletic Conference (RMAC), commonly known as the Rocky Mountain Conference (RMC) from approximately 1910 through the late 1960s, is a college athletic conference affiliated with the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) at the Division II level, which operates in the western United States. Most member schools are in Colorado, with additional members in Nebraska, New Mexico, South Dakota, and Utah.
Baptism of James VI
The baptism of James VI was celebrated at Stirling Castle in December 1566 with a masque, fireworks, and a staged assault on a mock fortress. The entertainment was devised by George Buchanan and Bastian Pagez.

Christopher Hatton
Sir Christopher Hatton (12 December 1540 – 20 November 1591) was an English politician, Lord Chancellor of England and a favourite of Elizabeth I of England. He was one of the judges who found Mary, Queen of Scots guilty of treason.
2002 Indy Racing League
The 2002 Indy Racing League (IRL) was one of transition, with two reigning CART championship teams, Team Penske and Target Chip Ganassi Racing, joining the series with full time entries.  The Oldsmobile engine was rebranded as a Chevrolet, and both Honda and Toyota announced their participation in the series starting in 2003 while Infiniti announced its withdrawal.

Sam Hornish Jr. won 5 races on his way to his second straight championship ahead of Penske juggernaut Hélio Castroneves, winner of two races including a second straight Indy 500, on his way to second in the championship. The season was also notable for seeing six drivers win their first career Indy Racing League races.

Gil de Ferran
Gil de Ferran (11 November 1967 – 29 December 2023) was a Brazilian professional racing driver and team owner. De Ferran was the 2000 and 2001 Champ Car champion driving for Team Penske and the winner of the 2003 Indianapolis 500. He also finished runner-up in the American Le Mans Series LMP1 class in 2009, with his own de Ferran Motorsports.
1,1'-Ferrocenedicarboxylic acid
1,1'-Ferrocenedicarboxylic acid is the organoiron compound with the formula Fe(C5H4CO2H)2.  It is the simplest dicarboxylic acid derivative of ferrocene.  It is a yellow solid that is soluble in aqueous base. The 1,1' part of its name refers to the location of the carboxylic acid groups on separate rings.

It can be prepared by hydrolysis of its diesters Fe(C5H4CO2R)2 (R = Me, Et), which in turn are obtained by treatment of ferrous chloride with the sodium salt of the carboxyester of cyclopentadienide (C5H4CO2R)−.  Ferrocenedicarboxylic acid is the precursor to many derivatives such as the diacid chloride, the diisocyanate, the diamide, and diamine, respectively,  Fe(C5H4COCl)2,  Fe(C5H4NCO)2,  Fe(C5H4CONH2)2, and Fe(C5H4NH2)2.

Derivatives of ferrocenedicarboxylic acid are components of some redox switches and redox active coatings.

Acyl chloride
In organic chemistry, an acyl chloride (or acid chloride) is an organic compound with the functional group −C(=O)Cl. Their formula is usually written R−COCl, where R is a side chain.  They are reactive derivatives of carboxylic acids (R−C(=O)OH).  A specific example of an acyl chloride is acetyl chloride, CH3COCl. Acyl chlorides are the most important subset of acyl halides.
Francis Blackwell Mayer
Francis Blackwell Mayer (December 27, 1827 – December 5, 1899) was a prominent 19th-century American genre painter from Maryland.  While he spent most of his life in that state, he took a trip to the western frontier in the mid-nineteenth century and executed a series of drawings of Native Americans; he also studied in Paris for five years in the 1860s.

Primarily known for his oil paintings and watercolors, he also worked in other media, including pen and crayon drawings, engraving, and illustrating.  Many of his work have historic themes.

Maryland Center for History and Culture
The Maryland Center for History and Culture (MCHC), formerly the Maryland Historical Society (MdHS), founded on March 1, 1844, is the oldest cultural institution in the U.S. state of Maryland. The organization "collects, preserves, and interprets objects and materials reflecting Maryland's diverse heritage".  The MCHC has a museum, library, holds educational programs, and publishes scholarly works on Maryland.
Plaston
Plaston Holding AG Widnau is a company with headquarters in Widnau in the Swiss Rhine Valley of the Canton of St.Gallen which is active in the field of plastics processing. As a Group, Plaston is divided into two business units: Air Treatment Systems (ATS), which produces and markets air treatment systems such as humidifiers and air washers, and Industrial Plastic Systems (IPS), which manufactures customer specific plastic cases for the power tool and surveying industries. Plaston is one of the leading providers of plastic packing systems and air treatment systems. Its air treatment systems are sold under the Boneco and Air-O-Swiss brands, and the cases under the Plaston brand. Mr. BoxX is portable and stackable case system which is marketed under its own brand name.

The company operates production sites in Switzerland, in Sluknov the Czech Republic, and Jiaxing in China, as well as a distribution site in the United States.

Canton of St. Gallen
The canton of St. Gallen or St Gall (German: Kanton St. Gallen [zaŋkt ˈɡalən] ⓘ; Romansh: Chantun Son Gagl; French: Canton de Saint-Gall; Italian: Canton San Gallo) is a canton of Switzerland. Its capital is St. Gallen.

Located in northeastern Switzerland, the canton has an area of 2,026 km2 (782 sq mi) (5% of Switzerland) and a resident population close to half a million as of 2015 (6% of Switzerland). It was formed in 1803 as a conflation of the city of St. Gallen, the territories of the Abbey of St. Gall and various former subject territories of the Old Swiss Confederacy.
CHES-FM
CHES-FM (91.7 MHz) is a non-commercial community radio station in Erin, Ontario, branded as Erin Radio 91.7.  It is staffed by volunteers and the license is held by the Erin Radio Board of Directors.  Studios and offices are on Main Street in Erin village.

The station serves the town of Erin as well as neighboring communities. The station features regular news updates, and community events. Music formats include rock, pop, folk, roots, country, bluegrass, jazz, R&B, blues, and oldies. The station also focuses on the airplay of independent local, regional and national Canadian music, with the goal of promoting new talent in Canada.

Non-commercial educational station
A non-commercial educational station (NCE station) is a radio station or television station that does not accept on-air advertisements (TV ads or radio ads), as defined in the United States by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and was originally intended to offer educational programming as part, or whole, of its programming. NCE stations do not pay broadcast license fees for their non-profit uses of the radio spectrum. Stations which are almost always operated as NCE include public broadcasting, community radio, and college radio, as well as many religious broadcasting stations.
Nearly all non-commercial radio stations derive their support from listener support, grants and endowments, such as the Corporation for Public Broadcasting (CPB) that distributes supporting funds provided by Congress to support public radio.
Millers Creek Christian School
Millers Creek Christian School is a private, coeducational Christian school located in Millers Creek, North Carolina. The school was founded by, and is operated through, the Millers Creek Baptist Church. The school was established in 1997 and includes instruction from prekindergarten through high school grade 12.

Pre-kindergarten
Pre-kindergarten (also called pre-K or PK) is a voluntary classroom-based preschool program for children below the age of five in the United States, Canada, Turkey and Greece (when kindergarten starts). It may be delivered through a preschool or within a reception year in elementary school. Pre-kindergartens play an important role in early childhood education. They have existed in the US since 1922, normally run by private organizations. The U.S. Head Start program, the country's first federally funded pre-kindergarten program, was founded in 1967. This attempts to prepare children (especially disadvantaged children) to succeed in school.
Pringy, Seine-et-Marne
Pringy (French pronunciation: [pʁɛ̃ʒi] ⓘ) is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France. Pringy is twinned with the English town of Pucklechurch, near Bristol.

Seine-et-Marne
Seine-et-Marne (French pronunciation: [sɛn e maʁn] ⓘ; lit. 'Seine and Marne') is a department in the Île-de-France region in Northern France. Named after the rivers Seine and Marne, it is the region's largest department with an area of 5,915 square kilometres (2,284 square miles); it roughly covers its eastern half. In 2019, it had a population of 1,421,197. Its prefecture is Melun, although both Meaux and Chelles have larger populations.
Folakemi T. Odedina
Folakemi Titilayo Odedina (born January 21, 1965) is a Nigerian-born scientist and professor of pharmacy and medicine at the University of Florida. She is the principal investigator for the Prostate Cancer Transatlantic Consortium (CaPTC), a clinical research group using genomic science and environmental etiology to explore disproportionate burden of prostate cancer among Black men funded by the NCI. She is a member of American Cancer Society's National Prostate Cancer Disparities Advisory Team.

Principal investigator
In many countries, the term principal investigator (PI) refers to the holder of an independent grant and the lead researcher for the grant project, usually in the sciences, such as a laboratory study or a clinical trial. The phrase is also often used as a synonym for "head of the laboratory" or "research group leader". While the expression is common in the sciences, it is used widely for the person or persons who make final decisions and supervise funding and expenditures on a given research project.

A co-investigator (Co-I) assists the principal investigator in the management and leadership of the research project. There may be a number of co-investigators supporting a PI.
Changjiang Securities
Changjiang Securities Company Limited (SZSE: 000783) is a securities company headquartered in Wuhan, Hubei, China. It involves commission sales and purchase of securities, agency of debt services and dividend distribution of securities, custody and authentication of securities, agency of registration and accounts opening, self-support sales and purchase of securities, underwriting of securities, consulting of securities investment and trustee investment management. It has a network of 16 branches, 148 securities sales departments, and 17 futures business departments across the country.

The company was established in 1988, which used to be Hubei Securities Company. It was renamed "Changjiang Securities Company Limited" in 2002. In 2007, it achieved a backdoor listing through a merger with Shijiazhuang Petrochemical Company Limited, a subsidiary of Sinopec.

Shenzhen Stock Exchange
The Shenzhen Stock Exchange (SZSE) is a stock exchange based in the city of Shenzhen, in the People's Republic of China. It is one of three stock exchanges operating independently in Mainland China, the others being the Beijing Stock Exchange and the Shanghai Stock Exchange. It is situated in the Futian district of Shenzhen. The SZSE is the world's 6th largest stock exchange with a market capitalization exceeding US$4.4 trillion in July 2024.
23rd federal electoral district of Veracruz
The 23rd federal electoral district of Veracruz (Spanish: Distrito electoral federal 23 de Veracruz) is a defunct federal electoral district of the Mexican state of Veracruz.

During its existence, the 23rd district returned one deputy to the Chamber of Deputies for each of the 51st to 59th sessions of Congress. Votes cast in the district also counted towards the calculation of proportional representation ("plurinominal") deputies elected from the country's electoral regions.

Created as part of the 1977 political reforms, it was first contested in the 1979 mid-term election and it elected its last deputy in the 2003 mid-terms. Along with the 22nd district, it was dissolved by the Federal Electoral Institute (IFE) in its 2005 redistricting process because the state's population no longer warranted 23 districts.

1979 Mexican legislative election
Legislative elections were held in Mexico on 1 July 1979. The Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) won 296 of the 400 seats in the Chamber of Deputies. Voter turnout was 49%.

They were the first national elections held after the approval of the political reforms of 1977, which allowed the Mexican Communist Party, Mexican Democratic Party and the Workers' Socialist Party to obtain legal registration and compete in elections for the first time, as well as increasing the size of the Chamber of Deputies from 237 seats to 400.

The elected deputies served during the 51st session of Congress (1979–1982).