hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
SS Navemar
SS Navemar  was a cargo steamship that was built in England in 1921, was Norwegian-owned until 1927 and then Spanish-owned for the rest of her career. An Italian submarine sank her in the Strait of Gibraltar in 1942.

Navemar is notable for a voyage in 1941 in which she carried about 1,120 European Jewish refugees to the United States in overcrowded and unsanitary conditions.

Regia Marina
The Regia Marina (Italian for 'Royal Navy', pronounced [ˈrɛːdʒa maˈriːna]) (RM) or Royal Italian Navy was the navy of the Kingdom of Italy (Regno d'Italia) from 1861 to 1946. In 1946, with the birth of the Italian Republic (Repubblica Italiana), the Regia Marina changed its name to Marina Militare ("Military Navy").
The Last Worker
The Last Worker is an adventure video game developed by Wolf & Wood and Oiffy.  Wired Productions published it in 2023 for multiple platforms.  It is a satirical take on big tech and has the player perform puzzles inspired by warehouse workers.

Big Tech
The Big Tech companies, also known as the tech giants or tech titans, are the largest and most influential technology companies in the world. The term Big Tech often refers to the largest six tech companies in the United States, Alphabet (Google), Amazon, Apple, Meta (Facebook), Microsoft, and Nvidia, which are also the largest companies in the world by market capitalization. Other companies sometimes included in the group include Tesla, Oracle, and Netflix.

The term Big Tech is similar to other popular terms for large industries, such as Big Oil, Big Soda, or Big Tobacco. Big Tech can also include large Chinese tech companies like Baidu, Alibaba, Tencent, and Xiaomi, collectively referred to as BATX.
Fort of São Francisco Xavier
The Fort of São Francisco Xavier (Portuguese: Forte de São Francisco Xavier), commonly known as the 'Castelo do Queijo' (Cheese Castle), is a fortification situated on the coast of the civil parish of Nevogilde in the northern Portuguese municipality of Porto.

Concelho
Concelho (Portuguese: [kõˈseʎu]) is the Portuguese-language term for municipality, referring to the territorial subdivision in local government. In comparison, the word município ([muniˈsipiu]) refers to the organs of State. This differentiation is still in use in Portugal and some of its former overseas provinces, but is no longer in use in Brazil following the abolition of these organs, in favour of the French prefecture system. It is similar to borough and council.
Medieval Hebrew
Medieval Hebrew is a literary and liturgical language that existed since the 4th century. It is not commonly used as a spoken language, but mainly in written form by rabbis, scholars and poets. Medieval Hebrew has many features distinguishing it from older forms of Hebrew. These affect grammar, syntax, sentence structure, and also includes a wide variety of new lexical items, which were either based on older forms or borrowed from other languages, especially Aramaic, Koine Greek and Latin.

Literary language
Literary language is the register of a language used when writing in a formal, academic, or particularly polite tone; when speaking or writing in such a tone, it can also be known as formal language. It may be the standardized variety of a language. It can sometimes differ noticeably from the various spoken lects, but the difference between literary and non-literary forms is greater in some languages than in others. If there is a strong divergence between a written form and the spoken vernacular, the language is said to exhibit diglossia.

The understanding of the term differs from one linguistic tradition to another and is dependent on the terminological conventions adopted.
Galen Strawson
Galen John Strawson (/ˈstrɔːsən/; born 1952) is a British analytic philosopher and literary critic who works primarily on philosophy of mind, metaphysics (including free will, panpsychism, the mind–body problem, and the self), John Locke, David Hume, Immanuel Kant and Friedrich Nietzsche. He has been a consultant editor at The Times Literary Supplement for many years, and a regular book reviewer for The Observer, The Sunday Times, The Independent, the Financial Times and The Guardian. He is the son of philosopher P. F. Strawson. He holds a chair in the Department of Philosophy at the University of Texas, Austin, and taught for many years before that at the University of Reading, City University of New York, and Oxford University.

In Our Time (radio series)
In Our Time is a BBC Radio 4 discussion series and podcast exploring a wide variety of historical, scientific and philosophical topics. First aired in October 1998, it is one of Radio 4's most successful discussion programmes, acknowledged to have "transformed the landscape for serious ideas at peak listening time". The series passed its 1,000th episode in September 2023 and attracts a weekly audience exceeding two million listeners.

The show was presented by Melvyn Bragg, from its first broadcast in 15 October 1998. On 3 September 2025, the BBC reported that Bragg had decided to retire from the programme ahead of its new series as a new presenter would be announced in due course. On 3 December 2025, the BBC announced that Misha Glenny would take over as the new presenter from 15 January 2026.
The Bridge Tour
The Bridge Tour was a 1986–1987 concert tour by singer-songwriter Billy Joel. This tour was the first tour by Joel in over two years, during which he married Christie Brinkley, had his daughter Alexa Ray Joel, and written and recorded The Bridge album.

Christie Brinkley
Christie Lee Brinkley (née Hudson; born February 2, 1954) is an American model. Brinkley appeared on an unprecedented three consecutive covers of Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issues in 1979, 1980, and 1981. She spent 25 years as the face of CoverGirl; has appeared on over 500 magazine covers; and has signed contracts with major brands, both fashion and non-fashion.

Brinkley went on to work as an actress, illustrator, television personality, author, photographer, writer, designer, and activist for human and animal rights and the environment. Brinkley has been married four times, including to musician Billy Joel between 1985 and 1994, having appeared in several of his music videos. Her fourth marriage, to architect Peter Cook, ended in a much-publicized 2008 divorce. Magazines such as Allure and Men's Health have named Brinkley one of the most attractive women of all time.
The Silence (TV series)
The Silence is a British television crime drama, first broadcast on BBC One in 2010, which follows the story of a young deaf girl who witnesses a murder. The series was broadcast between 12–15 July 2010. The drama stars deaf actress Genevieve Barr in her first major role following her successful screen debut in Channel 4's The Amazing Dermot, alongside Dervla Kirwan, Gina McKee, Hugh Bonneville and Douglas Henshall. The series was also directed by Dearbhla Walsh. The series, produced by Company Pictures, was filmed in Dublin, but set in Bristol.

Company Pictures
Company Pictures is a British television production company which has produced drama programming for many broadcasters. It was set up in 1998 by Charles Pattinson and George Faber, colleagues at BBC Films. Their first film was Morvern Callar, which was credited as a co-production with BBC Films as they had begun developing it while still employed there. In 2003 Company Pictures became part of All3Media.

In 2012, founders Pattinson and Faber left Company Pictures to set up another independent production company, and  John Yorke became managing director until 2015. He was succeeded by Michele Buck, former joint managing director of Mammoth Screen.

For both artistic and fiscal reasons, when producing the TV series The White Queen, Company Pictures entered into collaboration with a Flemish production house. This enabled them to film in the medieval cities of Ghent and Bruges, while receiving tax-breaks as a European co-production and for investment in Flanders.
Biosocial criminology
Biosocial criminology is an interdisciplinary field that aims to explain crime and antisocial behavior by exploring biocultural factors. While contemporary criminology has been dominated by sociological theories, biosocial criminology also recognizes the potential contributions of fields such as behavioral genetics, neuropsychology, and evolutionary psychology.

Stepfamily
A stepfamily (sometimes called a bonus family) is a family where at least one parent has children who are not biologically related to their spouse. Either parent, or both, may have children from previous relationships or marriages. Two known classifications for stepfamilies include "simple" stepfamilies, where only one member of the family's couple has a prior child or children and the couple does not have any children together, and "complex" or "blended" families, where both members of the couple have at least one child from another relationship.
Nationally significant infrastructure project
In England and Wales, a nationally significant infrastructure project (NSIP) is a major infrastructure development that bypasses normal local planning requirements. These include proposals for power plants, large renewable energy projects, large water supply and wastewater projects, new airports and airport extensions, and major road and rail projects. The NSIP nomenclature began to be used in 2008, and since April 2012 these projects have been managed by the Planning Inspectorate.

Planning permission in the United Kingdom
In the United Kingdom, England central planning permission is required in order to be allowed to build on land, or change the use of land or buildings. Within the UK the occupier of any land or building will need title to that land or building (i.e. "ownership"), but will also need "planning title" or planning permission. Planning title was granted for all pre-existing uses and buildings by the Town and Country Planning Act 1947, which came into effect on 1 July 1948. Since that date any new "development" has required planning permission.
Photoacid
Photoacids are molecules that become more acidic upon absorption of light. Either the light causes a photodissociation to produce a strong acid, or the light causes photoassociation (such as a ring forming reaction) that leads to an increased acidity and dissociation of a proton.

There are two main types of molecules that release protons upon illumination: photoacid generators (PAGs) and photoacids (PAHs). PAGs undergo proton photodissociation irreversibly, while PAHs are molecules that undergo proton photodissociation and thermal reassociation. In this latter case, the excited state is strongly acidic, but reversible.

Ring forming reaction
A ring forming reaction or ring-closing reaction in organic chemistry is an umbrella term for a variety of reactions that introduce one or more rings into a molecule. A heterocycle forming reaction is a reaction that introduces a new heterocycle.
Important classes of ring forming reactions include annulations and cycloadditions. Heterocyclic compounds are useful in spectroscopic identification of compounds, purity criteria, and investigating the molecular electronic structures.
Sir Edward Kerrison, 1st Baronet
General Sir Edward Kerrison, 1st Baronet, GCH, KCB (30 July 1776 – 9 March 1853) was a British Army officer and politician.

Kerrison was a lieutenant-colonel in the 7th Light Dragoons, saw service during the Peninsular War and commanded his regiment at the Battle of Waterloo.

Along with Charles Wetherell, he petitioned parliament over electoral malpractice in the parliamentary elections for Shaftesbury, Dorset.

Kerrison was the only son of Matthias Kerrison (1742–1827), who was a prosperous merchant and property investor, and his wife, Mary née Barnes. He was born at his father's property, Hoxne Hall, near Bungay, Suffolk, on 30 July 1776.

Royal Guelphic Order
The Royal Guelphic Order (German: Königlicher Guelphen-Orden), sometimes referred to as the Hanoverian Guelphic Order, is a Hanoverian order of chivalry instituted on 28 April 1815 by the Prince Regent (later King George IV). It takes its name from the House of Guelph, of which the House of Hanover was a branch. Since Hanover and the United Kingdom shared a monarch until 1837, the order was frequently bestowed upon British subjects.
Chicago Med season 6
The sixth season of Chicago Med, an American medical drama television series with executive producer Dick Wolf, and producers Michael Brandt, Derek Haas, Peter Jankowski, Andrew Schneider and Diane Frolov, was ordered on February 27, 2020. The season premiered on November 11, 2020. Storylines reflected the impact of the COVID-19 virus and marked the final main series appearance of ED nurse April Sexton (portrayed by Yaya DaCosta).

Diane Frolov
Diane Frolov is an American television writer and producer. She has written for several television shows, including The Sopranos and Northern Exposure. She frequently co-writes episodes with her husband, Andrew Schneider.
Guy L. Shaw
Guy Loren Shaw (May 16, 1881 – May 19, 1950) was a U.S. Representative from Illinois.

Born on a farm near Summer Hill, Illinois, Shaw attended the public schools and the College of Agriculture of the University of Illinois. He engaged in agricultural pursuits and the development of overflow lands along the Illinois River. He served as delegate to the State constitutional convention in 1920.

Shaw was elected as a Republican to the Sixty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1921 – March 3, 1923). He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1922 to the Sixty-eighth Congress. He engaged in the real estate business in Beardstown, Illinois, and Urbana, Champaign County, Illinois. He moved to Normal, McLean County, Illinois, and continued agricultural pursuits, farm management, and the real estate business. He died in Normal, Illinois, May 19, 1950. He was interred in Bloomington Cemetery, Bloomington, Illinois.

Bloomington, Illinois
Bloomington is a city in McLean County, Illinois, United States, and its county seat. The 2020 census showed the city had a population of 78,680, making it the 13th-most populous city in Illinois and the fifth-most populous outside the Chicago metropolitan area. It is adjacent to the town of Normal, and is the more populous of the two principal municipalities of the Bloomington–Normal metropolitan area, which has a population of roughly 170,000.

Bloomington is 135 miles (217 km) southwest of Chicago and 162 miles (261 km) northeast of St. Louis. Bloomington is home to Illinois Wesleyan University and the headquarters for State Farm and Country Financial. Bloomington is also home to the minor league hockey team Bloomington Bison.
Jacqueline Tong
Jacqueline Tong (born 21 February 1950) is an English actress. She is best known for playing Daisy Peel in the television series Upstairs, Downstairs (1973–1975), for which she was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Continuing Performance by a Supporting Actress in a Drama Series in 1977.

Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series
The Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series is an award presented by the Academy of Television Arts & Sciences (ATAS). In early Primetime Emmy Award ceremonies, the supporting categories were not always genre-, or even gender-, specific. Beginning with 1970, supporting actresses in drama have competed alone. However, these dramatic performances often included actresses from miniseries, telefilms, and guest performers competing against main cast competitors. Such instances are marked below:

# – Indicates a performance in a miniseries or television film, prior to the category's creation in 1975

§ – Indicates a performance as a guest performer, prior to the category's creation in 1975
Prestige Consumer Healthcare
Prestige Consumer Healthcare Inc. (formerly Prestige Brands, Inc.) is an American company that markets and distributes over-the-counter healthcare and household cleaning products. It was formed by the merger of Medtech Products, Inc., Prestige Brands International, and the Spic and Span Company in 1996. The company is headquartered in Tarrytown, New York: 2  and operates a manufacturing facility in Lynchburg, Virginia.: 9

Among the brands owned by Prestige are Chloraseptic sore throat products, Clear Eyes, Compound W wart treatment, Dramamine motion sickness treatment, Efferdent denture care, Luden's throat drops, BC Powder and Goody's Headache Powder, Pediacare & Little Remedies children's OTC products and Beano (dietary supplement).

The company's CEO and president is Ron Lombardi, who replaced Matthew Mannelly on June 1, 2015.

Salicylic acid
Salicylic acid is an organic compound with the formula C7H6O3. A colorless (or white), bitter-tasting solid, it is a precursor to and a metabolite of acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin). It is a plant hormone, and has been listed by the EPA Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Chemical Substance Inventory as an experimental teratogen. The name is from Latin salix for willow tree, from which it was initially identified and derived. It is an  ingredient in some anti-acne products. Salts and esters of salicylic acid are known as salicylates.
P. C. Joseph
Ponnattu Chacko Joseph (P. C. Joseph) is an Indian politician and a member of Janadhipathya Kerala Congress, one of the main factions of the Kerala Congress, a party born in Central Travancore or Central South Kerala region focusing on the interest of Kerala farmers. He was a member of the Kerala Legislature (Niyamasabha Mandiram), representing the Muvattupuzha constituency of Kerala.

P. C. Joseph is the son of Shri Chacko and Smt. Mariama, of the Ponnattu house. He is married to Pouly and has two sons.

Kerala Congress
Kerala Congress is an Indian political party founded in Kottayam, Kerala on 9 October 1964, by a block of former Indian National Congress leaders led by K. M. George. The party is primarily active in central Kerala. Initially its main support came from the Syrian Christians and the Nair community of southern Kerala.

The establishment of the Kerala Congress could be traced to the resignation and later death of P. T. Chacko, the Home Minister in the R. Sankar-led Congress ministry (1962–64). Fifteen rebel Congress Members of the Legislative Assembly subsequently supported a successful no confidence motion on the Sankar Ministry. K. M. George, R. Balakrishna Pillai and other leaders backed by the Syro-Malabar Catholic Church and the Nair Service Society leader Mannathu Padmanabhan, formed the "Kerala Congress" at Kottayam Thirunakkara Ground on 9th October 1964.
Feudal barony of Gloucester
The feudal barony of Gloucester or Honour of Gloucester was one of the largest of the mediaeval English feudal baronies in 1166, comprising 279 knight's fees,  or manors. The constituent landholdings were spread over many counties. The location of the caput at Gloucester is not certain as Gloucester Castle appears to have been a royal castle, but it is known that the baronial court was held at Bristol in Gloucestershire.

Matilda of Flanders
Matilda of Flanders (French: Mathilde; Dutch: Machteld; German: Mechtild) (c. 1031 – 2 November 1083) was Queen of England and Duchess of Normandy by marriage to William the Conqueror, and regent of Normandy during his absences from the duchy. She was the mother of at least nine children who survived to adulthood, including two kings, William II and Henry I.
1948 Los Angeles Dons season
The 1948 Los Angeles Dons season was their third in the All-America Football Conference. The team matched their previous output of 7–7, but failed to qualify for the playoffs for the third consecutive season.

The team's statistical leaders included Glenn Dobbs with 2,403 passing yards and 539 rushing yards and Joe Aguirre with 599 receiving yards and 56 points scored.

1947 Los Angeles Dons season
The 1947 Los Angeles Dons season was their second in the All-America Football Conference. The team failed to improve on their previous output of 7–5–2, losing seven games. They failed to qualify for the playoffs for the second consecutive season.

The team's statistical leaders included Charlie O'Rourke with 1,449 passing yards, John Kimbrough with 562 rushing yards, Dale Gentry with 352 receiving yards, and Ben Agajanian with 84 points scored (39 extra points, 15 field goals).
James A. Porter (novelist)
James A. Porter (novelist) (c. 1836-Jan. 13, 1897) was born in Bellefontaine, Logan County, Ohio.  He served as a bugler and bandmaster in the U.S. Civil War. Later, he was a music teacher in Galion, Urbana, and Greenville. After he retired from teaching, he wrote a novel called
A Prince of Anahuac: A Histori-Traditional Story, which was published by The Crawford Company, Galion, Ohio, in 1894.

Reference: Ohio authors and their books: biographical data and selective bibliographies for Ohio authors, native and resident, 1796-1950
by William Coyle; Ernest Wessen; Adlai E Stevenson; James Thurber
Cleveland, World Pub. Co., 1962, p. 505.

Galion, Ohio
Galion (/ˈɡæljən/ GAL-yən) is a city in Crawford, Morrow, and Richland counties in the U.S. state of Ohio. The population was 10,453 at the 2020 census. Galion is the second-largest city in Crawford County after Bucyrus.

The Crawford County portion of Galion is part of the Bucyrus micropolitan statistical area. The small portion of the city that is located in Richland County is part of the Mansfield metropolitan area, while the portion extending into Morrow County is considered part of the Columbus, Ohio metropolitan area.
MV Empire Dawn
Empire Dawn was a 7,241 GRT cargo ship that was built in 1940 by William Doxford & Sons Ltd, Sunderland, Co Durham, United Kingdom for the Ministry of War Transport (MoWT). Entering service in April 1941, she served until 11 September 1942 when she was sunk by the German raider Michel.

Ministry of War Transport
The Ministry of War Transport (MoWT) was a department of the British Government formed early in the Second World War to control transportation policy and resources. It was formed by merging the Ministry of Shipping and the Ministry of Transport, bringing responsibility for both shipping and land transport to a single department, and easing problems of co-ordination of transport in wartime.

The MoWT was founded on 1 May 1941, when Lord Leathers was appointed Minister of War Transport. Following the general election of July 1945, Alfred Barnes was appointed Minister of War Transport, remaining in the post after the department was renamed the Ministry of Transport in April 1946.
Jeannette Island
Jeannette Island (Russian: Остров Жанне́тты, romanized: Ostrov Zhannetty; Yakut: Жаннетта Aрыыта, romanized: Jannetta Arııta) is the easternmost island of the De Long Islands archipelago in the East Siberian Sea. Administratively it belongs to Yakutia of the Russian Federation.

Yakut language
The Yakut language (/jəˈkuːt/ yə-KOOT), also known as the Sakha language (/səˈxɑː/ sə-KHAH) or Yakutian, is a Siberian Turkic language spoken by around 450,000 native speakers—primarily by ethnic Yakuts. It is one of the official languages of the Sakha Republic, a republic in the Russian Federation.

The Yakut language has a large number of loanwords of Mongolic origin, a layer of vocabulary of unclear origin, as well as numerous recent borrowings from Russian. Like other Turkic languages, Yakut is an agglutinative language and features vowel harmony.
Taio Shipping
Taio Shipping is the main inter-island shipping company in the Cook Islands. It operates freight and passenger services between Rarotonga and the outer islands, with services once or twice a month to Atiu, Mitiaro, Mauke and Mangaia, once every two months to Penrhyn, Rakahanga and Manihiki, and once every two and a half months to Palmerston and Pukapuka.

Atiu
Ātiu, also known as ʻEnuamanu (meaning land of the birds), is an island of the Cook Islands archipelago, lying in the central-southern Pacific Ocean. Part of the Nga-pu-Toru, it is 214 km (133 mi) northeast of Rarotonga. The population of the 26.9 square kilometres (10.4 sq mi) island has dropped by two-thirds in the last 50 years.