hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gaussian state
In quantum mechanics and quantum information theory, a Gaussian state (also called a quasi-free state in quantum field theory) is a specific type of mixed quantum state of either multiple bosons or multiple fermions.

Quantum state
In quantum physics, a quantum state is a mathematical entity that represents a physical system. Quantum mechanics specifies the construction, evolution, and measurement of a quantum state. Knowledge of the quantum state, and the rules for the system's evolution in time, exhausts all that can be known about a quantum system.

Quantum states are either pure or mixed, and have several possible representations. Pure quantum states are commonly represented as a vector in a Hilbert space. Mixed states are statistical mixtures of pure states and cannot be represented as vectors on that Hilbert space, and instead are commonly represented as density matrices.

Common examples of quantum states are the wave functions describing position and momentum, finite-dimensional vectors describing spin such as the singlet, and states describing many-body quantum systems in a Fock space.
Riot Act
The Riot Act (1 Geo. 1. St. 2. c. 5), sometimes called the Riot Act 1714 or the Riot Act 1715, was an act of the Parliament of Great Britain which authorised local authorities to declare any group of 12 or more people to be unlawfully assembled and order them to disperse or face punitive action. The act's full title was "An Act for preventing tumults and riotous assemblies, and for the more speedy and effectual punishing the rioters", and it came into force on 1 August 1715. It was repealed in England and Wales by section 10(2) and Part III of Schedule 3 of the Criminal Law Act 1967. Acts similar to the Riot Act passed into the laws of British colonies in Australia and North America, some of which remain in force today.

The phrase "read the riot act" has passed into common usage for a stern reprimand or warning of consequences.

Parliament of Great Britain
The Parliament of Great Britain was formed in May 1707 following the ratification of the Acts of Union by both the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland. The Acts ratified the treaty of Union which created a new unified Kingdom of Great Britain and created the parliament of Great Britain located in the former home of the English parliament in the Palace of Westminster, near the City of London. This lasted nearly a century, until the Acts of Union 1800 merged the separate British and Irish Parliaments into a single Parliament of the United Kingdom with effect from 1 January 1801.
Biagi–DenBeste Racing
Biagi–DenBeste Racing, originally Biagi Brothers Racing, was an American professional stock car racing team that last competed in the NASCAR Xfinity Series in partnership with Stewart–Haas Racing. The team was based in Mooresville, North Carolina.

Mooresville, North Carolina
Mooresville is a town located in the southwestern section of Iredell County, North Carolina, United States, and is a part of the fast-growing Charlotte metropolitan area. The population was 50,193 at the 2020 census, making it the most populous municipality in Iredell County. It is located approximately 25 miles (40 km) north of Charlotte.

Mooresville is best known as the home of many NASCAR racing teams and drivers, along with an IndyCar team and its drivers, as well as racing technology suppliers, which has earned the town the nickname "Race City USA". Also located in Mooresville is the corporate headquarters of Lowe's Corporation and Universal Technical Institute's NASCAR Technical Institute.
Gold Mountain Manor
Gold Mountain Manor is a rustic hotel, bed & breakfast, and wedding venue on the north shore of Big Bear City, California. Built in 1928 by Los Angeles movie investor Alexander Buchanan Barret and his wife, Bessie, Gold Mountain Manor is currently owned and managed by Darrin and Amy Odell.

Bed and breakfast
A bed and breakfast (typically shortened to B&B or BnB) is a small lodging establishment that offers overnight accommodation and breakfast. In addition, a B&B sometimes has the hosts living in the house.

Bed and breakfast is also used to describe the level of catering included in a hotel's room prices, as opposed to room-only, half-board, or full-board.
Nestelberg (Wasgau)
The Nestelberg is a 402-metre-high hill in the Dahner Felsenland in the Wasgau, a region that comprises the southern part of the Palatine Forest in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate and the northern part of the French Vosges in the departments of Bas-Rhin and Moselle.

Moselle (department)
Moselle (French pronunciation: [mɔzɛl] ⓘ) is the most populous department in Lorraine, in the northeast of France, and is named after the river Moselle, a tributary of the Rhine, which flows through the western part of the department. It had a population of 1,046,543 in 2019. Inhabitants of the department are known as Mosellans.
Loyce
Loyce is a female given name. Notable people with this name include:

Loyce Biira Bwambale

Loyce Houlton (1925–1995), American dancer, choreographer, dance pedagogue, and arts administrator

Loyce Pace, American public health policy expert

Loyce W. Turner

Loyce Whiteman, American popular singer

Loyce W. Turner
Loyce W. Turner (December 2, 1927 – April 16, 2021) was an American politician in the state of Georgia.

Turner attended Auburn University and the University of Georgia. He served in the United States Army from 1951 to 1953 and was later a farmer and banker. He also worked as veterinarian from 1948 to 1976.

Turner served in the Georgia State Senate from 1975 to 1998, representing District 8 as a Democrat. His tenure also included a stint as majority whip of the Senate. After his senate term, Turner served on the Georgia Board of Natural Resources. He was the founder of the Annette Howell Turner Center for the Arts, in honor of his late wife.
Trevallyn, Tasmania
Trevallyn is a residential locality in the local government areas (LGAs) of Launceston (25%) and West Tamar (75%) in the Launceston LGA region of Tasmania. The locality is about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) west of the city of Launceston. The 2021 census recorded a population of 4,826 for the state suburb of Trevallyn.
It is a suburb of Launceston.

It is located on the north western part of the city (west of the Tamar River and north of the South Esk River).

City of Launceston
Launceston City Council (or City of Launceston) is a local government body in Tasmania, located in the city and surrounds of Launceston in the north of the state. The Launceston local government area is classified as urban, encompassing localities including Lilydale, Targa and through to Swan Bay on the eastern side of the Tamar River.
Aarre Klinga
Aarre Klinga (born 28 March 1930, date of death unknown) was a Finnish footballer. He played in nine matches for the Finland national football team from 1953 to 1959. He was also named in Finland's squad for the Group 2 qualification tournament for the 1954 FIFA World Cup.

1954 FIFA World Cup
The 1954 FIFA World Cup was the fifth edition of the FIFA World Cup, the quadrennial international football tournament for senior men's national teams of the nations affiliated to FIFA. It was held in Switzerland from 16 June to 4 July. Switzerland was selected as the host country in July 1946. At the tournament, several all-time records for goalscoring were set, including the highest average number of goals scored per game. The tournament was won by West Germany, who defeated tournament favourites Hungary 3–2 in the final for their first World Cup title. Uruguay, the defending champions, were eliminated by Hungary and would lose to Austria in the match for third place.

The highest scoring match of a men’s World Cup happened in the quarter-finals of this tournament, when Austria defeated hosts Switzerland 7–5. The 12 goals of that match have never been surpassed in a men’s World Cup since — the 2019 Women's World Cup saw the USA beat Thailand 13–0.
Tetsugyū Enshin
Tetsugyū Enshin (鉄牛円心) (1254–1326) was a Buddhist monk of the Tōfuku-ji Rinzai school and follower of Enni. He is celebrated as the founder of Kōmyōzen-ji (光明禅寺) in Chikuzen Province, modern Fukuoka Prefecture.

Rinzai school
The Rinzai school (Japanese: 臨済宗, romanized: Rinzai-shū, simplified Chinese: 临济宗; traditional Chinese: 臨濟宗; pinyin: Línjì zōng), named after Linji Yixuan (Romaji: Rinzai Gigen, died 866 CE) is one of three sects of Zen in Japanese Buddhism, along with Sōtō and Ōbaku. The Chinese Linji school of Chan Buddhism was first transmitted to Japan by Myōan Eisai (1141–1215). Contemporary Japanese Rinzai is derived entirely from the Ōtōkan lineage transmitted through Hakuin Ekaku (1686–1769), who is a major figure in the revival of the Rinzai tradition.
Saiō
Saiō (斎王) or itsuki no miko was the title of the unmarried female members of the Japanese imperial family, sent to serve at Ise Grand Shrine from the late 7th century to the 14th century. The saiō's residence, Saikū (斎宮), was about 10 km (6.2 mi) north-west of the shrine. The remains of Saikū are situated in the town of Meiwa, Mie Prefecture, Japan.

Imperial House of Japan
The Imperial House (皇室, Kōshitsu) is the reigning dynasty of Japan, consisting of those members of the extended family of the reigning emperor of Japan who undertake official and public duties. Under the present constitution of Japan, the emperor is "the symbol of the State and of the unity of the people". Other members of the imperial family perform ceremonial and social duties, but have no role in the affairs of government. The duties as an emperor are passed down the line to their male children. The Japanese monarchy is the oldest continuous hereditary monarchy in the world.  The imperial dynasty does not have a name, therefore its direct members do not have a family name.
Polymer backbone
In polymer science, the polymer chain or simply backbone of a polymer is the main chain of a polymer. Polymers are often classified according to the elements in the main chains. The character of the backbone, i.e. its flexibility, determines the properties of the polymer (such as the glass transition temperature). For example, in polysiloxanes (silicone), the backbone chain is very flexible, which results in a very low glass transition temperature of −123 °C (−189 °F; 150 K). The polymers with rigid backbones are prone to crystallization (e.g. polythiophenes) in thin films and in solution. Crystallization in its turn affects the optical properties of the polymers, its optical band gap and electronic levels.

Polymer science
Polymer science or macromolecular science is a subfield of materials science concerned with polymers, primarily synthetic polymers such as plastics and elastomers.  The field of polymer science includes researchers in multiple disciplines including chemistry, physics, and engineering.
Susan Hiller
Susan Hiller (March 7, 1940 – January 28, 2019) was a US-born, British conceptual artist who lived in London, United Kingdom. Her practice spanned a broad range of media, including installation, video, photography, painting, sculpture, performance, artist's books and writing. A key figure in British art across four decades, she was best known for her innovative large-scale multimedia installations, and for works that took as their subject matter aspects of culture that were overlooked, marginalised, or disregarded, including paranormal beliefs–an approach which she referred to as "paraconceptualism".

Artist's book
Artists' books (or book art or book objects) are works of art that engage with and transform the form of a book. Some are mass-produced with multiple editions, and some in small editions, while others are produced as one-of-a-kind objects.

There is no single definition of an artist's book, and formulating a definition is cumbersome and subject to debate. Importantly, the creation of artists' books incorporates a variety of formats and genres. They have a complex history, with a particular focus and growth in contemporary artist movements. They also have recently grown in popularity, especially in art institutions, and have become popular in art library reference workshops. The exact definition and usage of artists' books has become more fluid and porous alongside the growth in popularity of artists' books.
Salma, Syria
Salma (Arabic: سَلْمَىٰ, romanized: Salmā) is a village in northwestern Syria, administratively part of the Latakia Governorate, located northeast of Latakia. Nearby localities include Mashqita and Ayn al-Bayda to the west, al-Haffah to the southwest, Aramo and Slinfah 12 km to the south, and Kinsabba to the north. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, Salma had a population of 2,131 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants and those of the Jabal al-Akrad area are predominantly Sunni Muslims, although about 60% of the Latakia District's residents are Alawites.

Ayn al-Bayda, Latakia
Ayn al-Bayda (Arabic: عين البيضة) is a town in northwestern Syria, administratively part of the Latakia Governorate, located north of Latakia. Nearby localities include Al-Shamiyah and Burj Islam to the west, al-Bahluliyah and Mashqita to the east and Mushayrafet al-Samouk to the southwest. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, Ayn al-Bayda had a population of 1,629 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Alawites.
Ceylon in World War II
After the outbreak of the Second World War, in the British Crown Colony of Ceylon (modern-day Sri Lanka), the government of Sir Don Baron Jayatilaka assured the British King and his government of its continued support.

Don Baron Jayatilaka
Sir Don Baron Jayatilaka, KBE (Sinhala: ශ්‍රීමත් දොන් බාරොන් ජයතිලක; 13 February 1868 – 29 May 1944) known as D.B. Jayatilaka was a Sri Lankan Sinhalese educationalist, statesmen and diplomat. He was Vice-President of the Legislative Council of Ceylon; the Minister for Home Affairs and Leader of the House of the State Council of Ceylon; and Representative of Government of Ceylon in New Delhi. Sir D. B. Jayatilaka is also considered as a flag bearer of Buddhist education in Sri Lanka.
V. Somasundaram
V. Somasundaram is an Indian politician and was a member of the 14th Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly from 2011 to 2016  Kancheepuram constituency. He represented the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam party. He was the Handlooms and Textiles minister during AIADMK's previous governing period during 2001 to 2006  from the Uthiramerur constituency.

The elections of 2016 resulted in his constituency being won by C. V. M. P. Ezhilarasan.

Kancheepuram Assembly constituency
Kancheepuram is a state assembly constituency in Kancheepuram district, Tamil Nadu, India. Its State Assembly Constituency number is 37. It comprises a portion of Kanchipuram taluk and is a part of the similarly named constituency that is used for national elections to the Parliament of India. It is one of the 234 State Legislative Assembly Constituencies in Tamil Nadu, in India.
Shellman Historic District
The Shellman Historic District is a 200 acres (0.81 km2) historic district in Shellman in Randolph County, Georgia which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.  It included 163 contributing buildings and a contributing site.

Per its NRHP nomination, "The Shellman Historic District includes Shellman's intact historic, residential, and commercial resources, several historic churches, a railroad depot, and the city cemetery."  It was deemed "historically significant in terms of community planning and development, transportation, architecture, landscape architecture, commerce, and local history."

Randolph County, Georgia
Randolph County is a county located in the western portion of the U.S. state of Georgia and is considered part of the Black Belt, historically an area of plantations. As of the 2020 census, the population was 6,425, roughly one-third of its peak population in 1910, when there were numerous agricultural workers. The county seat is Cuthbert.
CSM Râmnicu Sărat
Club Sportiv Municipal Râmnicu Sărat (Romanian pronunciation: [ˌklub sporˈtiv ˈrɨmniku ˌrɨmniku səˈrat]), commonly known as CSM Râmnicu Sărat or Râmnicu Sărat, is a Romanian professional football team based in Râmnicu Sărat, Buzău County, currently competes in Liga III, the third level of the Romanian football.

The team has been known over time by various names, including Spartac, Flamura Roșie, Voința, Progresul, Ferodoul, Acvaterm, and Olimpia, and plays its home matches at Râmnicu Sărat Municipal Stadium.

1996–97 Divizia D
The 1996–97 Divizia D was the 55th season of the Liga IV, the fourth tier of the Romanian football league system. The champions of each county association play against one from a neighboring county in a promotion play-off match played on a neutral venue. A special table was made and teams with the best 16 results were promoted to the third league.
Bega Dairy & Drinks
Bega Dairy & Drinks (also known as BDD or BDD Pty Ltd) is a subsidiary of Australian diversified food company the Bega Group, having been purchased from the Japanese company Kirin (who owns Lion in Australia) in November 2020. It was previously a company known as National Foods prior to 2009. While owned by Kirin, it was known as Lion Dairy & Drinks.

One of the largest changes occurred in 2008, when it purchased rival company Sydney's Dairy Farmers. This brand was retained and is still used across a range of fresh & long-life milk, yoghurt and sugar sweetened flavoured milks, with the former product range being prominent in its original markets of New South Wales and Queensland.

It specialises in dairy food and juice, with core activities in milk, yoghurt, cream, dairy desserts, juice and speciality cheese and has been one of Australia's largest players in this space for decades.

Juice
Juice is a drink made from the extraction or pressing of the natural liquid contained in fruit and vegetables. It can also refer to liquids that are flavored with concentrate or other biological food sources like meat or seafood, such as clam juice. Juice is commonly consumed as a beverage or used as an ingredient or flavoring in foods or other beverages, such as smoothies. Juice emerged as a popular beverage choice after the development of pasteurization methods enabled its preservation without using fermentation (which is used in wine production). The largest fruit juice consumers are New Zealand (nearly a cup, or 8 ounces, each day) and Colombia (more than three quarters of a cup each day). Fruit juice consumption on average increases with a country's income level.
Jardins des Martels
The Jardins des Martels is a 3.5-hectare (8.6-acre) commercial botanical garden and flower park located in Giroussens, Tarn, Occitanie, France. It is open daily in the warmer months; an admission fee is charged.

The gardens were created by Marie-Thérèse and André Reynier in the late 1960s, as a private garden on their farm, and after considerable development opened to the public in 1994. Today the garden is set upon a well-landscaped terrain of numerous pools and hills, and features more than 2500 plant varieties from five continents, as well as a greenhouse of aquatic plants and a mini-farm with about 150 animals such as sheep, goats, ponies, ducks, and so forth.

Tarn (department)
Tarn  (French: [taʁ(n)], Occitan: [taɾ]) is a department in the Occitania region in Southern France. Named after the river Tarn, it had a population of 389844 as of 2019. Its prefecture and largest city is Albi; it has a single subprefecture, Castres. In French, the inhabitants of Tarn are known as Tarnais (masculine) and Tarnaises (feminine). Its INSEE and postcode number is 81.
Greatest Hits Radio East Yorkshire
Greatest Hits Radio East Yorkshire & Northern Lincolnshire is an Independent Local Radio station serving East Riding of Yorkshire and Northern Lincolnshire. The station was replaced by a relay of Magic UK, as part of a restructure, on 1 September 2020.

On 19 September 2022, GHR Hull & East Yorkshire became part of the Nation Radio network, and was relaunched as Nation Radio East Yorkshire following the end of the licensing name agreement which had allowed GHR to broadcast on the Nation-owned licence.

As of March 2024, the station broadcasts to a weekly audience of 133,000 listeners, according to RAJAR.

Independent Local Radio
Independent Local Radio is the collective name given to commercial radio stations in the United Kingdom.

As a result of the buyouts and mergers permitted by the Broadcasting Act 1990, deregulation resulting from the Communications Act 2003 and further deregulation from the Media Act 2024, most commercial stations are now neither independent (although they remain independent from the BBC) nor local, as almost all of them are now relays of a national brand, with remaining locality reduced to nothing more than localised commercials, news (which may be from the approved area region), weather and peak-time travel information. Radio stations are licensed and regulated by OfCom.

The same name is used for Independent Local Radio in Ireland.
Frisian Way
The Frisian Way (German: Friesische Straße) was a medieval trade route and imperial road in the northwest of Germany. It had a length of about 220 km and linked the town of Norden in East Frisia with Münster in Westphalia.

East Frisia
East Frisia (/ˈfriːʒə/) or East Friesland (/ˈfriːzlənd/; German: Ostfriesland; East Frisian Low Saxon: Oostfräisland; Saterland Frisian: Aastfräislound) is a historic region in the northwest of Lower Saxony, Germany. It is primarily located on the western half of the East Frisian peninsula, to the east of West Frisia and to the west of Landkreis Friesland.

Administratively, East Frisia consists of the districts Aurich, Leer and Wittmund, and the city of Emden. It has a population of approximately 469,000 people and an area of 3,142 square kilometres (1,213 sq mi).

There is a chain of islands off the coast, called the East Frisian Islands (German: Ostfriesische Inseln). From west to east, these islands are Borkum, Juist, Norderney, Baltrum, Langeoog and Spiekeroog.
David Octavius Hill Medal
The David Octavius Hill Medal is a prize in photography established in 1955, by the Deutsche Fotografische Akademie. It is named in honor of the Scottish artist David Octavius Hill, famous for his Hill & Adamson calotypes, most of which were developed at Adamson's studio, the "Rock House", on Calton Hill in Edinburgh.

David Octavius Hill
David Octavius Hill (20 May 1802 – 17 May 1870) was a Scottish painter, photographer and arts activist. He formed Hill & Adamson studio with the engineer and photographer Robert Adamson between 1843 and 1847 to pioneer many aspects of photography in Scotland.
Giannakopoulos
Giannakopoulos (Greek: Γιαννακόπουλος) is a Greek patronymic surname, meaning "son of Giannakis". The female version of the name is Giannakopoulou (Γιαννακοπούλου). Notable examples include:

Pavlos Giannakopoulos (1929–2018), Greek businessman

Thanassis Giannakopoulos (c.1930–2019), Greek businessman, former chairman of Panathinaikos BC

Dimitrios Giannakopoulos (born 1974), Greek businessman, current chairman of Panathinaikos BC

Stelios Giannakopoulos (born 1974), Greek footballer

Nadia Giannakopoulou (born 1977), Greek politician

Nadia Giannakopoulou
Konstantina "Nadia" Giannakopoulou (Greek: Νάντια Γιαννακοπούλου) (born 11 December 1977 in Athens) is a Greek lawyer and politician, who has served as a member of the Hellenic Parliament for Athens B2 with the PASOK – Movement for Change since July 2019, previously from 2009 to 2012.

She stood as a candidate in the 2024 PASOK – KINAL leadership election. She finished in last place.