hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Toroid
In mathematics, a toroid is a surface of revolution with a hole in the middle. The axis of revolution passes through the hole and so does not intersect the surface. For example, when a rectangle is rotated around an axis parallel to one of its edges, then a hollow rectangle-section ring is produced. If the revolved figure is a circle, then the object is called a torus.

The term toroid is also used to describe a toroidal polyhedron. In this context a toroid need not be circular and may have any number of holes. A g-holed toroid can be seen as approximating the surface of a torus having a topological genus, g, of 1 or greater. The Euler characteristic χ of a g holed toroid is 2(1−g).

The torus is an example of a toroid, which is the surface of a doughnut. Doughnuts are an example of a solid torus created by rotating a disk, and are not toroids.

Toroidal structures occur in both natural and synthetic materials.

Circle
A circle is a shape consisting of all points in a plane that are at a given distance from a given point, the centre. The distance between any point of the circle and the centre is called the radius. The length of a line segment connecting two points on the circle and passing through the centre is called the diameter. A circle bounds a region of the plane called a disc.

The circle has been known since before the beginning of recorded history. Natural circles are common, such as the full moon or a slice of round fruit. The circle is the basis for the wheel, which, with related inventions such as gears, makes much of modern machinery possible. In mathematics, the study of the circle has helped inspire the development of geometry, astronomy and calculus.
SS Monarch (1884)
SS Monarch  No. 90117 was a tramp steamer which was operated by Alexander King Ltd, Belfast. She was involved in a collision with the Isle of Man Steam Packet Company steamer RMS Peveril, off Douglas, Isle of Man  in the early hours of 17 September 1899, resulting in the sinking of the Peveril.

Official number
Official numbers are ship identifier numbers assigned to merchant ships by their country of registration. Each country developed its own official numbering system, some on a national and some on a port-by-port basis, and the formats have sometimes changed over time. As an internationally recognized ship identifier, national official numbers have largely been superseded by the IMO number, though flag states still use national systems, which also cover those vessels not subject to the IMO regulations.
Charlottetown-West Royalty
Charlottetown-West Royalty (District 14) is a provincial electoral district for the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island, Canada. It was created prior to the 2019 election from parts of the former districts Charlottetown-Lewis Point and West Royalty-Springvale.

The riding is located in the city of Charlottetown, including the neighbourhoods of Lewis Point and West Royalty.

Charlottetown
Charlottetown is the capital and largest city of the Canadian province of Prince Edward Island, and the county seat of Queens County. Named after Queen Charlotte, Charlottetown was an unincorporated town until it was incorporated as a city in 1855.

It was the site of the famous Charlottetown Conference in 1864, the first gathering of Canadian and Maritime statesmen to discuss the proposed Maritime Union. This conference led, instead, to the union of British North American colonies in 1867, which was the beginning of the Canadian Confederation. Prince Edward Island, however, did not join Confederation until 1873. From this, the city adopted as its motto Cunabula Foederis, "Birthplace of Confederation".

The population of Charlottetown is estimated to be 40,500 (2022); this forms the centre of a census agglomeration of 83,063 (2021), which is roughly half of the province's population (160,302).
Bob Harriott
Robert 'Bob' Frank Harriott (born 30 November 1947) is a former English cricketer.  Harriott was a right-handed batsman.  He was born in Birmingham, Warwickshire.

Harriott made his debut for Devon in the 1971 Minor Counties Championship against Oxfordshire.  From 1971 to 1986, he represented the county in 85 Championship matches, the last of which came against Cornwall. Harriott also played List A cricket for Devon at a time when they were permitted to take part in the domestic one-day competition, making his debut in that format against Staffordshire in the 1978 Gillette Cup.  He played 3 further List A matches for Devon between 1978 and 1980, the last if which came against Warwickshire in the 1980 Gillette Cup. In his 4 List A matches, he scored 58 runs at a batting average of 19.33, with a high score of 27*.

Staffordshire County Cricket Club
Staffordshire County Cricket Club is one of twenty national county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Staffordshire. The team is currently a member of the National Counties Championship Eastern Division and plays in the NCCA Knockout Trophy. Staffordshire played List A matches occasionally from 1971 until 2005 but is not classified as a List A team per se.
Crazy Mama
Crazy Mama is a 1975 American action comedy film, directed by Jonathan Demme, produced by Julie Corman and starring Cloris Leachman. It marked the film debuts of Bill Paxton and Dennis Quaid.

The film focuses on a beauty parlor owner and her family, who lose their belongings to repossession. The trio of women soon start a crime spree. Their confrontation with law enforcement officers ends in a shootout.

Repossession
Repossession, commonly referred to as repo, is a "self-help" type of action in which the party having the right of ownership of a property takes the property in question back from the party having right of possession without invoking court proceedings. The property may then be sold by either the financial institution or third party sellers.

The extent to which repossession is authorized, and how it may be executed, greatly varies in different jurisdictions (see below). When a lender cannot find the collateral, cannot peacefully obtain it through self-help repossession, or the jurisdiction does not allow self-help repossession, the alternative legal remedy to order the borrower to return the goods (prior to judgment) is replevin.

The security interest over the collateral is often known as a lien. The lender/creditor is known as the lienholder.
O.P. Anderson
O.P. Anderson Aquavit is a Swedish spirit of the akvavit type, presented in 1891 for the  Gothenburg Exhibition Fair under the name "Gammal Fin 1ma Aquavit". The firm producing it was called O.P. Anderson & Son i Göteborg, which has later given name to this brand of akvavit. Göteborg is the Swedish name for Gothenburg.

O.P. Anderson Aquavit is the oldest and most sold akvavit of Sweden, spiced with caraway, anise and fennel and stored on oak barrels for eight months. The spices are the same in the akvavits Gammaldags Norrlands Akvavit from 1929 and Skåne Akvavit from 1931, but Norrlands has sherry added to it and Skåne is blander.

As of 2021, it is produced by Anora Group.

Oak (wine)
Oak is used in winemaking to vary the color, flavor, tannin profile and texture of wine. It can be introduced in the form of a barrel during the fermentation or aging periods, or as free-floating chips or staves added to wine fermented in a vessel like stainless steel. Oak barrels can impart other qualities to wine through evaporation and low level exposure to oxygen.
Apple Qmaster
Apple Qmaster is a system made by Apple Inc. that provides automated work distribution and processing for high-volume projects created with certain digital visual effects software packages: Shake, Autodesk Maya, Final Cut Pro, Compressor, DVD Studio Pro and any UNIX command-line program. It processes such jobs on a cluster of Macs or Xserves.

DVD Studio Pro
DVD Studio Pro is a discontinued high-end software tool published by Apple Inc. to allow users to create DVD masters to be sent out for replication at production houses. Its tight integration with other Apple applications allowed users to take Final Cut Pro and Motion projects and render them into the DVD format without encoding to intermediary formats.
Jatinder Mauhar
Jatinder Mauhar is an Indian Film Director, Script Writer, Columnist and Researcher. In the very beginning, he started his career with music videos and it was after some time that Jatinder Directed his debut film Mitti. Jatinder Mauhar established himself as a style through Mitti (2010), Sarsa appropriated by producer as Sikandar (2013) and Qissa Punjab (2015). He has written extensively about cinema and is one of the best speakers in Punjabi on cinema. He did his professional training in Knitting Technology, and worked in the industry for couple of years before pursuing his interest in cinema. His journey from a keen watcher to filmmaker is punctuated with training in Zee Institute of Media Arts, Mumbai and on job training in making music videos as director. He has written story, screenplay and dialogues of Mitti. In Sarsa he collaborated with Daljit Ami. Jatinder worked on a documentary film on cross-border train Samjhauta Express as a researcher with filmmaker Gerry Troyna For BBC.

Columnist
A columnist is a person who writes for publication in a series, creating an article that usually offers commentary and opinions. Columns appear in newspapers, magazines and other publications, including blogs. They take the form of a short essay by a specific writer who offers a personal point of view. Columns are sometimes written by a composite or a team, appearing under a pseudonym, or (in effect) a brand name. Columnists typically write daily or weekly columns. Some columns are later collected and reprinted in book form.
Sincerely, Me
"Sincerely, Me" is a song from Act 1 of the 2015 musical Dear Evan Hansen, which premiered on Broadway in 2016. Benj Pasek and Justin Paul wrote both the music and lyrics to the song, whose title takes its name from the phrase with which the musical's main protagonist, Evan Hansen, ends his daily letters to himself.

Evan Hansen
Evan Hansen is the titular character and main protagonist of the Broadway musical Dear Evan Hansen by Steven Levenson, Benj Pasek and Justin Paul. A bullied 17-year-old high schooler with social anxiety and depression, who lives with his single mother Heidi Hansen after she divorced from his father Mark Hansen ten years before, he attempts to find the acceptance and love he has been lacking in his life. On his journey to be found, he discovers the consequences of risking it all for the chance to be heard.

The character of Evan was originated on stage by Ben Platt, who won the Tony Award for Best Actor for his performance and reprised it in the 2021 film adaptation of the musical. In the show, he appears in a total of 11 musical numbers. The character's signature song is "Waving Through a Window," which is sung early in the musical's first act as his "I Want" song and has become an anthem for those hoping to make a connection while in a state of isolation and depression.
Peter Zoller
Peter Zoller (born 16 September 1952) is a theoretical physicist from Austria. He was professor at the University of Innsbruck and is known for his pioneering research on quantum computing, quantum simulation and quantum communication.

Austrian Academy of Sciences
The Austrian Academy of Sciences (German: Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften; ÖAW) is a legal entity under the special protection of the Republic of Austria. According to the statutes of the Academy its mission is to promote the sciences and humanities in every respect and in every field, particularly in fundamental research.
Robby Smith
Robby Smith (born January 30, 1987) is an American Greco-Roman wrestler who competed at the 2016 Olympics.

He won a bronze medal at the 2015 Pan American Games in the Men's Greco-Roman 130 kg event.

Smith is a three-time competitor at the Wrestling World Championships with his best result being a pair of 5th-place finishes including in 2015.  The 2015 5th place finish was upgraded to 3rd in 2025, after it was determined that his opponent in the 3rd place cheated by using a banned substance <https://www.themat.com/news/2025/october/15/robby-smith-upgraded-to-bronze-medal-in-greco-roman-at-2015-senior-world-championships>. This result secured the U.S. a place in the 2016 Olympics in his weight class.  Smith won the 2016 U.S. Olympic Trials in the same division and represented the U.S. in Rio. He was defeated in the Round of 16 by Sabah Shariati.

He wrestles for the New York Athletic Club.

Smith attended Northern Michigan University.

Northern Michigan University
Northern Michigan University (Northern Michigan, Northern or NMU) is a public university in Marquette, Michigan, United States. It was established in 1899 by the Michigan Legislature as Northern State Normal School. In 1963, the state designated the school a university and gave it the current name. The university comprises five academic divisions, offering some 180 programs at the undergraduate and graduate levels. NMU's athletic teams are nicknamed the Wildcats and compete primarily in the NCAA Division II Great Lakes Intercollegiate Athletic Conference.
Saint Louis Chamber Chorus
The Saint Louis Chamber Chorus is a large chamber choir, numbering 45 – 50 mixed voices, that presents seasons of six programs performed in St. Louis, Missouri, in venues of historic and/or architectural note. It generally performs without instrumental accompaniment and is well suited to repertoire for double choir and more. Each season includes 50 complete works or more, and generally in the original language. Since pieces are rarely repeated from season to season, the choir enjoys one of the largest repertoires for a choir of its type and size. A complete listing of works sung throughout its history is found on the Chorus website. The choir has long been identified as an advocate for contemporary music, and has championed several women composers, particularly through its Composer-in-Residence program.

Artistic director
An artistic director is the executive of an arts organization, particularly in a theatre company or dance company, who handles the organization's artistic direction. They are generally a producer and director, but not in the sense of a mogul, since the organization is generally a non-profit organization. The artistic director of a theatre company is the individual with the overarching artistic control of the theatre's production choices, directorial choices, and overall artistic vision.  In smaller theatres, the artistic director may be the founder of the theatre and the primary director of its plays.  In larger non-profit theatres (often known in Canada and the United States as regional theatres), the artistic director may be appointed by the board of directors.
Portable hyperbaric bag
A portable hyperbaric bag, of which one brand is the Gamow (pronounced [ˈɡamɔf]) bag, is an inflatable pressure bag large enough to accommodate a person. The patient can be placed inside the bag, which is then sealed and inflated with a foot pump. Within minutes, the effective altitude can be decreased by 1000 m to as much as 3000 m (3281 to 9743 feet) depending on the elevation. The bag is pressurised to 14.0–29.3 kPa (105–220 mmHg); the pressure gradient is regulated by pop-off valves set to the target pressure.

Millimetre of mercury
A millimetre of mercury is a manometric unit of pressure, formerly defined as the extra pressure generated by a column of mercury one millimetre high. Currently, it is defined as exactly 133.322387415 pascals, or approximately 1 torr = ⁠1/760⁠ atmosphere = ⁠101325/760⁠ pascals. It is denoted mmHg or mm Hg.

Although not an SI unit, the millimetre of mercury is still often encountered in some fields; for example,  it is still widely used in medicine, as demonstrated for example in the medical literature indexed in PubMed. For example, the U.S. and European guidelines on hypertension, in using millimeters of mercury for blood pressure, are reflecting the fact (common basic knowledge among health care professionals) that this is the usual unit of blood pressure in clinical medicine.
Amita Bhushan
Amita Bhushan (born 5 February 1970) is an Indian politician, representing the Begusarai constituency on a Congress ticket in the Bihar Vidhan Sabha since 2015, her first stint as MLA. She is a member of Indian National Congress. Born and brought up in Begusarai, Bhushan is a social activist and fashion designer with an MA in Psychology. Her mother was an MP and her village is cheriya bariyarpur.

Member of Parliament (India)
A Member of Parliament (MP) in India refers to persons who serve in the Parliament of India. These include:

Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha: Representative of the Indian states to the Rajya Sabha, the upper house of the Parliament of India.

Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha: Representative of the Indian citizens to the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Parliament of India.
Mid America Heart Institute
The Mid America Heart Institute (MAHI) is located in Kansas City, Missouri and is one of the first and largest hospitals developed and designed specifically for cardiovascular care. It is a subsidiary of the not-for-profit Saint Luke's Hospital of Kansas City and is a part of Saint Luke's Health System. The Heart Institute is affiliated with the University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine and has earned the certification as a Comprehensive Cardiac Center from the Joint Commission.

University of Missouri–Kansas City School of Medicine
The University of Missouri–Kansas City School of Medicine, established in 1971, is one of three medical schools located near downtown Kansas City and only one of two public medical schools in the state of Missouri. The school offers a traditional four-year M.D. program as well as an accelerated combined B.A./M.D. program based on a six-year curriculum. The school of medicine admits students into the program directly from high school, and graduates are able to earn a baccalaureate and a Doctor of Medicine degree (B.A./M.D.) from UMKC. The curriculum integrates the liberal arts, basic sciences, and clinical sciences with a team approach to learning. More than 4,000 physicians have graduated from the University of Missouri–Kansas City School of Medicine, with the majority being in the six-year combined degree program.
Pimperne Hundred
50°52′57″N 2°08′04″W﻿ / ﻿50.8825°N 2.1345°W﻿ / 50.8825; -2.1345
Pimperne Hundred was a hundred in the county of Dorset, England, containing the following parishes:

Bryanston

Durweston

Fifehead Neville

Hammoon

Hazelbury Bryan

Iwerne Stepleton

Langton Long Blandford

Pimperne

Stourpaine

Tarrant Hinton

Tarrant Keyneston

Tarrant Launceston

Tarrant Rawston

Winterborne Houghton

Winterborne Stickland

Langton Long Blandford
Langton Long Blandford, often abbreviated to Langton Long or just Langton, is a small village and civil parish in Dorset in southern England. It is sited by the River Stour, approximately 3⁄4 mile (1.2 kilometres) southeast of Blandford Forum. In the 2021 census, the parish had a population of 130 people in 50 households.

Forming the southeastern line of the parish boundary is an old track linking prehistoric Buzbury Rings, on nearby Keyneston Hill, to a ford over the river.

St Leonards farmhouse used to house a leper hospital.

The parish church was rebuilt in 1862.
Ministry of Trade and Industry (Norway)
The Royal Norwegian Ministry of Trade and Industry (Norwegian: Nærings- og handelsdepartementet) was a Norwegian ministry responsible for business, trade and industry.

It was first created in 1916, as the Ministry of Trade (Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Trade, Shipping and Industry). It took its final name in 1997. The department must report to the legislature, Storting.

On 1 January 2014, the ministry was dissolved and the minister portfolio was incorporated into the new Ministry of Trade, Industry and Fisheries.

Industrial Development Corporation of Norway
The Industrial Development Corporation of Norway or SIVA (Norwegian: Selskapet for industrivekst) is a Norwegian state enterprise responsible for government investment in incubators, science parks, industrial parks and real estate through partial ownership of other companies. The ultimate goal is to stimulate economic growth, through strengthening Norway's capacity related to innovation and creativity.

SIVA is based in Trondheim, where it employs almost 40 people. Through its investments there are about 8,000 employees in total. Investments include 46 industry and business parks in Norway, one in Russia, one in Latvia and two in Lithuania. It also holds partial ownership of 15 science- and 10 research parks, 20 incubators, 45 business gardens, 12 venture capital institutions and 4 research and development companies. SIVA cooperates closely with the Research Council of Norway and Innovation Norway.
Computed tomography of the head
Computed tomography of the head uses a series of X-rays in a CT scan of the head taken from many different directions; the resulting data is transformed into a series of cross sections of the brain using a computer program. CT images of the head are used to investigate and diagnose brain injuries and other neurological conditions, as well as other conditions involving the skull or sinuses; it used to guide some brain surgery procedures as well.  CT scans expose the person getting them to ionizing radiation which has a risk of eventually causing cancer; some people have allergic reactions to contrast agents that are used in some CT procedures.

Paranasal sinuses
Paranasal sinuses are a group of four paired air-filled spaces that surround the nasal cavity. The maxillary sinuses are located under the eyes; the frontal sinuses are above the eyes; the ethmoidal sinuses (or ethmoid cells) are between the eyes, and the sphenoidal sinuses are behind the eyes. The sinuses are named according to the bones composing them, namely the frontal, maxillary, ethmoid and sphenoid bones. The evolutionary function of the sinuses is still partly debated.
2006 European Athletics Championships – Men's pole vault
The men's pole vault at the 2006 European Athletics Championships was held at the Ullevi on August 10 and August 13.
Lobinger and Mesnil both claimed 2nd place, and therefore both received silver medals.

Ullevi
Ullevi, sometimes known as Nya Ullevi (Swedish: [(ˈnŷːa) ˈɵ̂lːɛˌviː], New Ullevi), is a multi-purpose stadium in Gothenburg, Sweden. It was built for the 1958 FIFA World Cup, but since then has also hosted the World Allround Speed Skating Championships six times; the 1995 World Championships in Athletics and the 2006 European Athletics Championships; the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup finals in 1983 and 1990; the UEFA Euro 1992 final, the UEFA Cup final in 2004; and annually hosted the opening ceremony of the Gothia Cup, the world's largest football tournament in terms of the number of participants. IFK Göteborg has also played two UEFA Cup finals at the stadium, in 1982 and 1987, but then as "home game" in a home and away final. The stadium has hosted several events, including football, ice hockey, boxing, racing, athletics and concerts.

The stadium is one of the biggest in the Nordic countries, with a seating capacity of 43,000 and a total capacity of 75,000 for concerts.