hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2020 Nagorno-Karabakh ceasefire agreement
The 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh ceasefire agreement was an armistice agreement that ended the Second Nagorno-Karabakh War. It was signed on 9 November by the President of Azerbaijan Ilham Aliyev, the Prime Minister of Armenia Nikol Pashinyan and the President of Russia Vladimir Putin, and ended all hostilities in the Nagorno-Karabakh region from 00:00, on 10 November 2020 Moscow time. The president of the breakaway Republic of Artsakh, Arayik Harutyunyan, also agreed to an end of hostilities.

President of Artsakh
The president of the Republic of Artsakh (Armenian: Արցախի Հանրապետության նախագահ, Russian: Президент Нагорно-Карабахской Республики) is the head of state and head of government of the government-in-exile of the once de facto Republic of Artsakh.

In a constitutional referendum held in 2017, citizens of the republic voted in favor of adopting a presidential system of governance.

Arayik Harutyunyan was elected president in the 2020 Artsakhian general election. He resigned on 1 September 2023. On 9 September 2023, Samvel Shahramanyan was elected president by Artsakh's parliament to replace Harutyunyan.

Following the Azerbaijani offensive on 19 September 2023, Artsakh agreed to dissolve itself by 1 January 2024, however instead of dissolving, they established a government-in-exile in Yerevan, Armenia presided by Samvel Shahramanyan. The prime minister of Armenia, Nikol Pashinyan, has since severely opposed the government-in-exile's existence in Armenia.
Schienenzeppelin
The Schienenzeppelin (German: [ˈʃiːnənˌtsɛpəliːn]) or rail zeppelin was a one-off experimental locomotive which resembled a Zeppelin airship in appearance. It was designed and developed by the German aircraft engineer Franz Kruckenberg in 1929. Propulsion was by means of a pusher propeller located at the rear: it accelerated the railcar to 230.2 km/h (143 mph) setting the land speed record for a petrol powered rail vehicle. Only a single example was ever built, which due to safety concerns remained out of service and was finally dismantled in 1939.

Pusher configuration
In aeronautical and naval engineering, pusher configuration is the term used to describe a drivetrain of air- or watercraft with propulsion device(s) after the engine(s).  This is in contrast to the more conventional tractor configuration, which places them in front.

Though the term is most commonly applied to aircraft, its most ubiquitous propeller example is a common outboard motor for a small boat.

“Pusher configuration” describes the specific (propeller or ducted fan) thrust device attached to a craft, either aerostats (airship) or aerodynes (aircraft, WIG, paramotor, rotorcraft) or others types such as hovercraft, airboats, and propeller-driven snowmobiles.
Port Jackson Pidgin English
Port Jackson Pidgin English or New South Wales Pidgin English was an English-based pidgin that originated in the region of Sydney and Newcastle in New South Wales in the early days of colonisation. Stockmen carried it west and north as they expanded across Australia. It subsequently died out in most of the country, but was creolized forming Australian Kriol in the Northern Territory at the Roper River Mission in Ngukurr, where missionaries provided a safe place for Indigenous Australians from the surrounding areas to escape deprivation at the hands of European settlers. As the Aboriginal Australians who came to seek refuge at the Roper River Mission spoke different languages, there grew a need for a shared communication system to develop, and it was this that created the conditions for Port Jackson Pidgin English to become fleshed out into a full language, Kriol, based on the English language and the eight different Australian language groups spoken by those at the mission.

Creolization
Creolization is the process through which creole languages and cultures emerge. Creolization was first used by linguists to explain how contact languages become creole languages, but now scholars in other social sciences use the term to describe new cultural expressions brought about by contact between societies and relocated peoples. Creolization is traditionally used to refer to the Caribbean, although it is not exclusive to the Caribbean and some scholars use the term to represent other diasporas. Furthermore, creolization occurs when participants select cultural elements that may become part of inherited culture. Sociologist Robin Cohen writes that creolization occurs when “participants select particular elements from incoming or inherited cultures, endow these with meanings different from those they possessed in the original cultures, and then creatively merge these to create new varieties that supersede the prior forms.”
Walter Cook Caves Ecological Reserve
Walter Cook Caves Ecological Reserve is an ecological reserve located north of Grand Rapids, Manitoba, Canada. It was established in 2001 under the Manitoba Ecological Reserves Act. It is 32.35 square kilometres (12.49 sq mi) in size.

Grand Rapids, Manitoba
Grand Rapids is a town in Manitoba, Canada, on the northwestern shore of Lake Winnipeg where the Saskatchewan River enters the lake. As the name implies, the river had a significant drop at this point: more than 75 ft (23 m) in less than 3 mi (4.8 km). In modern days, a large hydroelectric plant has been built there. Cedar Lake, a short distance upriver, provides a natural water source for the plant. Provincial Trunk Highway 6, the region's primary roadway, crosses the Saskatchewan River at the Grand Rapids Bridge.

Grand Rapids was on the main canoe route toward the West, where Fort Bourbon once stood. It is also across the river from the Misipawistik Cree Nation.

In 1894, fire destroyed a number of buildings in the Grand Rapids docks. The steamboat Colvile also caught fire and was destroyed.
Valenzuela despaxi
Valenzuela despaxi is a species of Psocoptera from Caeciliusidae family that can be found in Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Luxembourg, Norway, Poland, Spain, Sweden, and Switzerland.

Psocoptera
Psocoptera (/soʊˈkɒptərə/) are a paraphyletic group of insects that are commonly known as booklice, barklice or barkflies. The name Psocoptera has been replaced with Psocodea in recent literature, with the inclusion of the former order Phthiraptera into Psocodea (as part of the suborder Troctomorpha).

They are often regarded as the most primitive of the paraneopterans. There are more than 5,500 species in 41 families in three suborders. Many of these species have only been described in the early twenty-first century. They range in size from 1–10 millimetres (1/32–13/32 in) in length.

The species known as booklice received their common name because they are commonly found amongst old books—they feed upon the paste used in binding. The barklice are found on trees, feeding on algae and lichen.
NASCAR Canada
NASCAR Canada is the NASCAR office in Canada.

NASCAR opened an office in its second largest market in Canada in 2004. NASCAR opened a corporate office in Toronto in a joint partnership with Canadian media company TSN. The move was made to boost sponsorship and licensing opportunities, and to build on its interest in Canada.

The office facilitates marketing rights to the NASCAR brand to Canadian companies, and to extend United States companies reach into Canada.

From 2007 to 2012, a NASCAR Xfinity Series event in Montreal's Circuit Gilles Villeneuve was held on the first weekend in August: the NAPA Auto Parts 200. From 2013 to 2019, the NASCAR Camping World Truck Series held the Chevrolet Silverado 250 at Canadian Tire Motorsport Park. In the past some US-based regional racing series have crossed the border on occasion, and currently the NASCAR Canada Series runs thirteen events a year on tracks all across Canada.

The Sports Network
The Sports Network (TSN) is a Canadian English language discretionary sports specialty channel owned by CTV Specialty Television, a joint venture of Bell Media (80%) and ESPN Inc. (20%). TSN was established by the Labatt Brewing Company in 1984 as part of the first group of Canadian specialty cable channels. In 2013, TSN was the largest specialty channel in Canada in terms of gross revenue, with a total of CA$400.4 million in revenue.

TSN broadcasts primarily from studio facilities located at Bell Media Agincourt in the Scarborough neighbourhood of Toronto, Ontario. Stewart Johnston currently serves as president of TSN, a position he has held since 2010. TSN's networks focus on sports-related programming, including live and recorded event telecasts, sports talk shows, and other original programming.
Electoral history of Atal Bihari Vajpayee
This is a summary of the electoral history of Atal Bihari Vajpayee, who was Prime Minister of India in 1996 and from 1998-99 & 1999-2004. He was the leader of Bhartiya Janata Party from 1989 to 2004. He was elected ten times to Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Indian parliament. He also served as a member of Rajya Sabha, the upper house for two terms.

Vajpayee was elected to the Indian parliament for the first time in 1957 representing Balrampur. He was further elected to the Lok Sabha nine times from 1967 to 2004 with the only exception of 1984.

Upper house
An upper house is one of two chambers of a bicameral legislature, the other chamber being the lower house. The house formally designated as the upper house is usually smaller and often has more restricted power than the lower house. A legislature composed of only one house (and which therefore has neither an upper house nor a lower house) is described as unicameral.
Pietro Romanelli
Pietro Romanèlli (born in Rome, Italy in 1889 – died in Rome, Italy in 1981) was an Italian archaeologist.

Born in Rome, he carried out excavations at Tarquinia, Ostia Antica, the Palatine Hill in Rome, at the Forum Romanum and at Leptis Magna in Libya. Among his students was the Roman archaeologist and researcher at Ostia Antica Maria Floriani Squarciapino (1917-2003).

Tarquinia
Tarquinia (Italian: [tarˈkwiːnja]), formerly known as Corneto, is an ancient city in the Province of Viterbo, Lazio, central Italy. It is renowned for its extensive Etruscan necropoleis, which contain some of the most important painted tombs of the ancient world. In recognition of its cultural significance, Tarquinia was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site as part of the Etruscan Necropolises of Cerveteri and Tarquinia.

The modern town was renamed in 1922 after the ancient city of Tarquinii (Latin) or Tarch(u)na (Etruscan). Although little remains above ground of the once-flourishing city, archaeological excavations continue to uncover important remnants of its Etruscan and Roman past.
Chlorendic acid
Chlorendic acid, or 1,4,5,6,7,7-hexachlorobicyclo[2.2.1]-hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid, is a chlorinated carboxylic acid used in the synthesis of some flame retardants and polymers. It is a common breakdown product of several organochlorine insecticides.

Carboxylic acid
In organic chemistry, a carboxylic acid is an organic acid that contains a carboxyl group (−C(=O)−OH) attached to an R-group. The general formula of a carboxylic acid is often written as R−COOH or R−CO2H, sometimes as R−C(O)OH with R referring to an organyl group (e.g., alkyl, alkenyl, aryl), or hydrogen, or other groups. Carboxylic acids occur widely. Important examples include the amino acids and fatty acids. Deprotonation of a carboxylic acid gives a carboxylate anion.
Norfolk parakeet
The Norfolk parakeet (Cyanoramphus cookii), also called Tasman parakeet, Norfolk Island green parrot or Norfolk Island red-crowned parakeet, is a species of parrot in the family Psittaculidae. It is endemic to Norfolk Island (located between Australia, New Zealand and New Caledonia in the Tasman Sea).

Psittaculidae
Psittaculidae is a family of parrots, commonly known as Old World parrots, though this term is a misnomer, as not all its members occur in the Old World, and the Psittacinae also occurs in the Old World. It consists of six subfamilies: Psittrichasinae, Agapornithinae, Loriinae, Platycercinae, Psittacellinae and Psittaculinae.
James Irvine (educator)
James Irvine (1793–1835) was an educator and Presbyterian minister who served as the second president of Ohio University, located in Athens, Ohio, from 1822 to 1824.

Irvine, a native of Washington County, New York, graduated from Union College, and was hired as a professor of mathematics at Ohio University in 1821.  He became university president in 1822 and served only a year before taking a leave of absence due to poor health. Irvine never returned from his leave and resigned in 1824. He was pastor at West Hebron, New York, 1824–1831, and of the Second Presbyterian Church of New York City, 1831–1835. He died in New York City, on November 25, 1835.

Union College
Union College is a private liberal arts college in Schenectady, New York, United States. Founded in 1795, it was the first institution of higher learning chartered by the New York State Board of Regents, and second in the state of New York, after Columbia College. In the 19th century, it became known as the "Mother of Fraternities", because three of the earliest Greek-letter fraternities were established there. Union began enrolling women in 1970, after 175 years as an all-male institution. The college offers a liberal arts curriculum across 21 academic departments, including ABET-accredited engineering degree programs.
Native American recreational activities
Early Native American recreational activities consisted of diverse sporting events, card games, and other innovative forms of entertainment. Most of these games and sporting events were recorded by observations from the early 1700s. Common athletic contests held by early American tribes (such as the Algonquian, Cherokee, Iroquoian, Sioux, Lakota, Choctaw, and Great Lakes peoples) included games of stickball (an early form of lacrosse also known as "Little Brother of War"), chunkey, archery, darts, foot races, and canoeing. Card and dice games were commonly used as forms of entertainment among tribes such as the Iroquois and Lakota. Several contests and games invented by American indigenous groups contributed to modern-day sports (like the game of lacrosse) and casino play. Several indigenous games were tribe-specific; one of the most common games played specifically by the Iroquoian was the Bowl Game, played using colored balls and sticks.

Iroquoian peoples
The Iroquoian peoples are an ethnolinguistic group of peoples from eastern North America. Their traditional territories, often referred to by scholars as Iroquoia, stretch from the mouth of the St. Lawrence River in the north, to modern-day North Carolina in the south.

Historical Iroquoian people were the Five nations of the Iroquois or Haudenosaunee, Huron or Wendat, Petun, Neutral or Attawandaron, Erie people, Wenro, Susquehannock and the St. Lawrence Iroquoians.

The Cherokee are also an Iroquoian-speaking people.

There is archaeological evidence for Iroquoian peoples in the area around present-day New York state by approximately 500 to 600 AD, and as far back as 4000 BC. Their distinctive culture seems to have developed by about 1000 AD.
Jack McAvoy
John H. McAvoy  (November 6, 1930 – May 22, 2008) was an American football and basketball coach and college athletic administrator.  He served as the head football coach at Hillsdale College in Hillsdale, Michigan.  He held that position for four seasons, from 1974 to 1977, compiling a record of 24–16–1.  McAvoy  was also the head basketball coach at Hillsdale for one season, in 1967–68, tallying a mark of 19–8.

While a student at Hillsdale College, McAvoy played on the school's football, basketball, and track and field teams.

McAvoy died at the age of 77, May 22, 2008, at his home in Dowagiac, Michigan.

Dowagiac, Michigan
Dowagiac (/dəˈwɑːdʒæk/ də-WAH-jak, /dəˈwɑːʒæk/ də-WAH-zhak) is a city in Cass County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 5,721 at the 2020 census. It is part of the South Bend-Mishawaka metropolitan area.

Dowagiac is situated at the corner of four townships: Wayne Township to the northeast, LaGrange Township to the southeast, Pokagon Township to the southwest, and Silver Creek Township to the northwest.

The city name comes from the Potawatomi word dewje'og meaning "fishing [near home] water". Dowagiac is the headquarters of the Pokagon Band of Potawatomi Indians and is also contained within the reservation.
2025 PWHL Draft
The 2025 PWHL Draft was the third annual draft in Professional Women's Hockey League history, and took place on June 24, 2025, at the Hard Rock Hotel & Casino in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

Kristýna Kaltounková was selected first overall by the New York Sirens.

Rideau Carleton Raceway
45°17′47″N 75°36′11″W﻿ / ﻿45.296385°N 75.603147°W﻿ / 45.296385; -75.603147

Rideau Carleton Raceway is a race track for Standardbred harness racing in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. The track which opened in 1962 now also operates as a gambling complex.

Rideau Carleton is also the site of the Gloucester Fair (now the Capital Fair) since 1998. The raceway provides facilities for numerous charitable fundraisers and hosts annual events for several embassies.
Lovers on the Sun
"Lovers on the Sun" is a song by French music producer David Guetta from his sixth studio album, Listen. It features vocals by American singer and songwriter Sam Martin. It was released as a digital download and the lead single from the album on 30 June 2014. It was produced by Guetta, Avicii, Riesterer, and Tuinfort, with additional production from Italian house production team Daddy's Groove. The track crowned the singles chart in Austria, Finland, Germany and the United Kingdom, and reached the top 40 in most of the countries where it charted.

Mallory Knox covered the song on BBC Radio 1's Live Lounge.

Mallory Knox
Mallory Knox are an English alternative rock band from Cambridge. In 2013, they released their debut album Signals which reached #33 in the UK album charts. Their second album Asymmetry was released on 27 October 2014 and reached #16 on UK Album Chart. They later released their third album Wired on 10 March 2017. Their fourth record, Mallory Knox, was released on 16 August 2019, after which they announced a farewell tour.

On 24 December 2023, Slam Dunk announced that Mallory Knox would return for an exclusive set at their 2024 North and South festival dates, with all five original members returning.
Utopian thinking
Utopia denotes an imagined ideal society that, though nonexistent in reality, is envisioned as a perfect habitat for its members. The term gained widespread usage following the publication of Thomas More's 1516 book Utopia. Building upon the work of sociologist Ruth Levitas, social psychologists have tested the functions of utopian thinking among people. Utopia is fundamentally a cultural and psychological concept, existing solely as symbols within people's minds. Empirical evidence supports the connections between utopian thinking and the three primary functions proposed by Levitas: criticism, change, and compensation. Theoretical models have been developed linking utopian thinking to established social psychological concepts such as collective action and system justification.

Ruth Levitas
Ruth Levitas (born 15 May 1949 in London) is emeritus Professor in the Department of Sociology at the University of Bristol. She is well known internationally for her research on utopia and utopian studies.

Her book, The Concept of Utopia (1990), addresses the notion of the ideal society throughout European history. Her follow-on book, Utopia as Method: The Imaginary Reconstitution of Society (2013), makes the case that 'utopia should be understood as a method rather than a goal.' She has formulated a program of sociology which is fundamentally utopian-focused in conventional sociological discourse.

In The Inclusive Society?: Social Exclusion and New Labour (2005), Levitas introduced the idea of social exclusion as part of the new political language. She also introduced the concepts of MUD (the moral underclass discourse), SID (the social integration discourse), and RED (the redistribution discourse), as tools for analysing social exclusion.
Rite-Hite
Rite-Hite is an American company that manufactures loading dock equipment, industrial doors, safety barriers, industrial fans and other in-plant products. Rite-Hite is headquartered in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.

Loading dock
A loading dock or loading bay is an area of a building where goods vehicles (usually road or rail) are loaded and unloaded. They are commonly found on commercial and industrial buildings, and warehouses in particular. Loading docks may be exterior, flush with the building envelope, or fully enclosed. They are part of a facility's service or utility infrastructure, typically providing direct access to staging areas, storage rooms, and freight elevators.
Mayorovsky, Surovikinsky District, Volgograd Oblast
Mayorovsky (Russian: Майоровский) is a rural locality (a khutor) in Kachalinskoye Rural Settlement, Surovikinsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 452 as of 2010. There are 7 streets.

Surovikinsky District
Surovikinsky District (Russian: Сурови́кинский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the thirty-three in Volgograd Oblast, Russia. As a municipal division, it is incorporated as Surovikinsky Municipal District. It is located in the southwest of the oblast. The area of the district is 3,870 square kilometers (1,490 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Surovikino. Population: 37,104 (2010 Census); 38,956 (2002 Census); 38,256 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Surovikino accounts for 55.3% of the district's total population.
Anne O'Hara
Anne Kirsten O'Hara (born October 14, 2002, in Anchorage) is an American curler from Fairbanks, Alaska. She currently plays third on Team Delaney Strouse. She won the bronze medal for the United States at the 2022 World Junior Curling Championships and the 2023 Winter World University Games.

Third (curling)
In curling, a third (alternatively, vice, vice-skip or mate) is the team member who delivers the second-to-last pair of a team's stones in an end. The third is in charge of calling, strategy and directing the sweepers when the skip is delivering their stones, but sweeps for the lead and second. The vices of each team are responsible for determining and recording the score after each end, and in most clubs, will determine by lot which team begins a game with the hammer and what colour stones each team will use. The third position requires a curler adept at executing shots with a high degree of accuracy, especially draws and other finesse shots, as the third needs to set up the house for the skip's stones.
Wan Martina
Wan Martina binti Wan Yusoff is a Malaysian medical practitioner and a politician who had served as a Senator since 2021. She was elected by the Kelantan State Legislative Assembly on 24 August 2021 after being nominated by then-Menteri Besar Ahmad Yakob. She replaced Asmak Husin, whose term ended on 30 June.

Prior to entering politics, she was the Chairwoman of Kelantan Prosperous Women Association (WANIS), as well as the Deputy Chairwoman of Dakwah Travel Mission Association (MKD). She is a registered physician at Klinik Perdana Ikhlas Jelawat in Bachok, Kelantan.

Bachok District
Bachok District (Kelantanese: Jajahey Bachok) is an administrative division (or jajahan) of Kelantan, Malaysia. It is located approximately 25 km east of Kota Bharu.

The population is predominantly Malay, with Chinese and Siamese minorities. Bachok Town is the center of administration, business, and transportation of the district. The economy is mostly supported by agriculture, with significant fishing activity as well.

Bachok Town or Bandar Bachok was recently declared an Islamic Tourism Town or Bandar Pelancongan Islam by the incumbent Menteri Besar of Kelantan, Tuan Guru Hj. Datuk Nik Abdul Aziz Nik Mat effective 7 December 2010.