hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Schwalmstadt
Schwalmstadt (German pronunciation: [ˈʃvalmˌʃtat] ⓘ) is the largest town in the Schwalm-Eder district, in northern Hesse, Germany. It was established only in 1970 with the amalgamation of the towns of Treysa and Ziegenhain together with some outlying villages to form the town of Schwalmstadt.

Marburg
Marburg (/ˈmɑːrbʊərk/; German: [ˈmaːɐ̯bʊʁk] or [ˈmaʁbʊʁk] ⓘ) is a university town in the German state (Land) of Hesse and the capital of the Marburg-Biedenkopf district (Landkreis). The town area spreads along the valley of the river Lahn and has a population of approximately 76,000.

Having been awarded town privileges in 1222, Marburg served as capital of the landgraviate of Hessen-Marburg during periods of the 15th to 17th centuries. The University of Marburg was founded in 1527 and dominates the public life in the town to this day.

Marburg is a historic centre of the pharmaceutical industry in Germany, and there is a plant in the town (by BioNTech) to produce vaccines to tackle COVID-19.
Edmond W. Davis
Edmond W. Davis (born 1976) is an American historian, author and educator. From 2020 to 2022, he was the director of the Derek Olivier Research Institute (DORI) at Arkansas Baptist College.

Previously, he served as Professor of History at  University of Phoenix and Pulaski Technical College. He authored Pioneering African-American Aviators in 2012  featuring the first and only Arkansas Tuskegee Airmen history textbook.

He is a member of the Arkansas Historical Association.

University of Phoenix
The University of Phoenix (UoPX) is a private for-profit university headquartered in Phoenix, Arizona. Founded in 1976, the university confers certificates and degrees at the certificate, associate, bachelor's, master's, and doctoral degree levels. It is institutionally accredited by the Higher Learning Commission and has an open enrollment admissions policy for many undergraduate programs. The school is owned by Phoenix Education Partners.
The Bitter Springs
The Bitter Springs are an English rock group from the London suburb of Teddington. The band evolved from Last Party, who had formed in 1985, with the name changing in 1996. The band have released two albums as Last Party, and six as The Bitter Springs and also played with Vic Godard as Subway Sect, on and off for nine years.

Subway Sect
Subway Sect were one of the first British punk bands. Although their commercial success was limited by the small amount of recorded material they released, they have been credited as highly influential on the Postcard Records scene and the indie pop genre which followed.
Ammad Alam
Ammad Alam (born 3 October 1998) is a Pakistani cricketer. He made his first-class debut for United Bank Limited in the 2017–18 Quaid-e-Azam Trophy on 27 October 2017. In December 2017, he was named in Pakistan's squad for the 2018 Under-19 Cricket World Cup.

He made his List A debut for Sui Southern Gas Company against Multan in the 2018–19 Quaid-e-Azam One Day Cup on 22 September 2018.

Sui Southern Gas Company cricket team
Sui Southern Gas Company were a first-class cricket team, sponsored by Sui Southern Gas Company, who played in the Quaid-e-Azam Trophy in Pakistan from 2007–08 to 2009–10, and from 2014–15 to 2018–19. In May 2019, Pakistan's Prime Minister Imran Khan revamped the domestic cricket structure in Pakistan, excluding departmental teams in favour of regional sides, therefore ending the participation of the team. The Pakistan Cricket Board (PCB) was criticised in removing departmental sides, with players voicing their concern to revive the teams.
Jerome Biblical Commentary
The Jerome Biblical Commentary is a series of books of Biblical scholarship, whose first edition was published in 1968. It is arguably the most-used volume of Catholic scriptural commentary in the United States.

The book's title is a reference to Jerome, known for his translation of the Bible into Latin (the Vulgate) and his extensive Biblical commentaries.

Exegesis
Exegesis (/ˌɛksɪˈdʒiːsɪs/ ⓘ EK-sih-JEE-sis; from the Greek ἐξήγησις, from ἐξηγεῖσθαι, "to lead out") is a critical explanation or interpretation of a text. The term is traditionally applied to the interpretation of Biblical works. In modern usage, exegesis can involve critical interpretations of virtually any text, including not just religious texts but also philosophy, literature, or virtually any other genre of writing. The phrase Biblical exegesis can be used to distinguish studies of the Bible from other critical textual explanations.

Textual criticism investigates the history and origins of the text, but exegesis may include the study of the historical and cultural backgrounds of the author, text, and original audience. Other analyses include classification of the type of literary genres presented in the text and analysis of grammatical and syntactical features in the text itself.
2 Corinthians 8
2 Corinthians 8 is the eighth chapter of the Second Epistle to the Corinthians in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. It was written by Paul the Apostle and Timothy (2 Corinthians 1:1) in Macedonia in 55–56 CE. This chapter and the next one "are devoted entirely to the topic of generous giving". Both chapters have figured prominently in academic discussion about "the fragmentation of 2 Corinthians", although "partition theories have not seemed convincing to everyone".

Generosity
Generosity (also called largesse) is the virtue of being liberal in giving, often as gifts. Generosity is regarded as a virtue by various world religions and philosophies and is often celebrated in cultural and religious ceremonies.

Scientific investigation into generosity has examined the effect of a number of scenarios and games on individuals' generosity, potential links with neurochemicals such as oxytocin, and generosity's relationship with similar feelings such as empathy.
Bob Woollard
Robert George Woollard (July 27, 1940 – March 28, 2024) was an American professional basketball player. He played for the Miami Floridians during the second half of the 1969–70 ABA season after a collegiate career for the Wake Forest Demon Deacons.

Woollard became a schoolteacher and high school basketball coach in his post-playing years.

Woollard died on March 28, 2024 in Hamptonville, North Carolina.

Hamptonville, North Carolina
Hamptonville is an unincorporated community located in southwestern Yadkin County, North Carolina, United States. Hamptonville is named for Henry Hampton (1750–1832), a colonel in the Revolutionary Army. Hampton set aside land for a town in 1806.

As of the United States 2000 Census, the Census-designated place (CDP) of Hamptonville (ZIP code 27020) had a population of 5,901. It is a Piedmont Triad community. The community is primarily rural and agricultural with many residences scattered across the area. Denser residential and business development is centered on Brooks Crossroads, which is generally the hub of the town as it is just north of US 421 at US 21 and Old Hwy 421 and is the primary route for commuters to work in and out of town and to the elementary school.
Howard Nemerov Sonnet Award
The Howard Nemerov Sonnet Award was established in 1994 by The Formalist. The award, honoring the poet Howard Nemerov (1920–1991), was an open competition for sonnets in English that drew about 3000 entries annually.  The award was $1000, and from 1995–2004, the winning sonnet and the eleven finalists were published inFollowing the discontinuation of The Formalist in 2004, the winning sonnet and eleven finalist poems were published in the literary magazine Measure.  The creation of this award is associated with the "New Formalism" movement.

In the announcement of the 2017 winner and finalists, the 2017 competition was described as the "24th & final" contest.

New Formalism
New Formalism is a late 20th- and early 21st-century movement in American poetry that has promoted a return to metrical, rhymed verse and narrative poetry on the grounds that all three are necessary if American poetry is to compete with novels and regain its former popularity among the American people.
Frozen banana
Frozen bananas are desserts made by placing a banana upon a stick, freezing it, and usually dipping it in melted chocolate or yogurt. They may be covered with toppings such as dried fruit, chopped nuts, chocolate chips, sprinkles, sugar and crushed cookies.

Sprinkles
Sprinkles are small pieces of confectionery used as an often colorful decoration or to add texture to desserts such as brownies, cupcakes, doughnuts or ice cream. The tiny candies are produced in a variety of colors and are generally used as a topping or a decorative element. The Dictionary of American Regional English defines them as "tiny balls or rod-shaped bits of candy used as a topping for ice-cream, cakes and other".
Radziki Duże
Radziki Duże [raˈd͡ʑiki ˈduʐɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wąpielsk, within Rypin County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland.

The village church of St. Catherine, originally a Gothic building of the 14th–15th century, was almost totally rebuilt in 1887. Hence it shows the typical appearance of a Gothic Revival building.

Furthermore Radziki Duże has the medieval (1405–1466) castle of Radzikowski family, although in ruins since 19th century, as well as the Przeciszewski manor house, which now functions as a public school by the name of Zespół Szkolno-Przedszkolny w Radzikach Dużych.

Rypin County
Rypin County (Polish: powiat rypiński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Rypin, which lies 56 km (35 mi) east of Toruń and 98 km (61 mi) east of Bydgoszcz.

The county covers an area of 587.08 square kilometres (226.7 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 43,618, out of which the population of Rypin is 16,227 and the rural population is 27,391.
Alice Verlet
Alice Verlet (1873–1934) was a Belgian-born operatic lyric coloratura soprano active primarily in France. She sang principal roles at the operas in Lyon, Nice, and Monte Carlo; at His Majesty's Theater in London; at La Monnaie in Brussels; and at the Paris Opéra and Opéra-Comique. In the United States, although not entirely absent from the operatic stage, she was known primarily as a concert singer and was a featured singer on Edison records.

Mignon
Mignon (French pronunciation: [miɲɔ̃] ⓘ) is an 1866 opéra comique (or opera in its second version) in three acts by Ambroise Thomas. The original French libretto was by Jules Barbier and Michel Carré, based on Goethe's 1795-96 novel Wilhelm Meisters Lehrjahre. The Italian version was translated by Giuseppe Zaffira. The opera is mentioned in James Joyce's "The Dead" (in Dubliners) and Willa Cather's The Professor's House.  Thomas's goddaughter Mignon Nevada was named after the main character. The aria “I am Titania” was used repeatedly in the British feature film The Life and Death of Colonel Blimp.
Stuart Meha
Stuart Meha (29 December 1878 – 7 November 1963) was a New Zealand  farmer and local Mormon leader. Of Māori descent, he identified with the Ngati Kahungunu, Ngati Rakaipaaka and Rangitane iwi. He was born in Wanstead, Hawke's Bay, New Zealand on 29 December 1878.

Meha was baptised as a member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) when he was eight years old; his parents were converts to the church. In 1916, he served as a missionary to other Māori villages. Between 1917 and 1919, he assisted Matthew Cowley in the re-translation of the Book of Mormon into Māori and with the first-time translations of the Doctrine and Covenants and the Pearl of Great Price into Māori. In 1928, Meha became the first counsellor to Eriata Nopera, who was the first Māori to be the president of an LDS Church district. After Nopera's tenure, Meha became the president of the church's Hawke's Bay District.

Rangitāne
Rangitāne is a Māori iwi (tribe). Their rohe (territory) is in the Manawatū, Horowhenua, Wairarapa and Marlborough areas of New Zealand.

The iwi was formed as one of two divisions (aside from Muaūpoko) of the expedition team led by Whātonga, a chief from the Māhia Peninsula and father of Tara-Ika a Nohu of Te Whanganui-a-Tara fame.
Radwan Mujib Siddiq Bobby
Radwan Mujib Siddiq Bobby (born 21 May 1980) is a Bangladeshi strategy consultant and policy magazine editor. He is a Trustee of the center-left think tank Centre for Research and Information. He is the son of Sheikh Rehana. His maternal grandfather was Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. He is also brother of Tulip Siddiq, a British Labour Party politician and former Economic Secretary to the Treasury.

Economic Secretary to the Treasury
The Economic Secretary to the Treasury (EST) is a ministerial position in HM Treasury responsible for the UK government’s financial services, economic sanctions, financial crime, and debt and reserves management policy. Furthermore, the EST is responsible for the Treasury’s interests in British Overseas Territories (BOTs) and Crown Dependencies. Since 2014, the position has typically been held concurrently with City Minister. The position is shadowed by the Shadow Economic Secretary to the Secretary.
John L. Pyle
John L. Pyle (May 5, 1860 - February 22, 1902) was an attorney and politician from the state of South Dakota.  A Republican, he was notable for his service as state's attorney of Hand County (1886-1888) and state attorney general (1899-1902).

Ancestry.com
Ancestry.com LLC is an American genealogy company based in Lehi, Utah. The largest for-profit genealogy company in the world, it operates a network of genealogical, historical records, and related genetic genealogy websites. It is owned by Blackstone Inc., which acquired the company on December 4, 2020, in a deal valued at $4.7 billion.

As of 2022, the company said it had provided access to 30 billion historical records, tripling its November 2018 figure of 10 billion records. In 2018 it also reported having 3 million paying subscribers, and to have sold 18 million DNA kits to customers. By 2023, Ancestry was the largest provider of consumer DNA testing in the world with a network of more than 25 million users, and Ancestry DNA testing is available in 128 countries.

As well as its main website, Ancestry operates country-specific versions for Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Mexico, Sweden and the United Kingdom.
12th Seiyu Awards
The 12th Seiyu Awards was held on March 3, 2018 at the JOQR Media Plus Hall in Minato, Tokyo. The winners of the Merit Awards, the Kei Tomiyama Award and the Kazue Takahashi Award were announced on February 16, 2018. The rest of the winners were announced on the ceremony day.

Kazue Takahashi
Kazue Oizumi (大泉 和枝, Ōizumi Kazue; March 20, 1929 – March 23, 1999), known by the stage name Kazue Takahashi (高橋 和枝, Takahashi Kazue), was a Japanese actress and voice actress. She was best known as the voice of Shoutarou Kaneda ("Jimmy Sparks") in Tetsujin 28-go ("Gigantor"). She debuted in 1949.

Takahashi was also known for roles in Kaiju Booska and Sazae-san.

Takahashi graduated from Kasei-Gakuin University.

In February 1998, she came down with myelodysplastic syndrome and was transported to the Bunkyo-ku Tokyo University hospital. Three days after her 70th birthday, Takahashi died in the Bunkyo-ku Tokyo University hospital annex. She presumably died from bone marrow cancer.

In February 2010, she received a posthumous "Special Merit Award" from the 4th Seiyū Awards.
1949 Wimbledon Championships – Men's singles
Ted Schroeder defeated Jaroslav Drobný in the final, 3–6, 6–0, 6–3, 4–6, 6–4 to win the gentlemen's singles tennis title at the 1949 Wimbledon Championships. Bob Falkenburg was the defending champion, but lost in the quarterfinals to John Bromwich.

John Bromwich
John Edward Bromwich (14 November 1918 – 21 October 1999) was an Australian tennis player who, along with fellow countryman Vivian McGrath, was one of the first great players to use a two-handed backhand. He was a natural left-hander, though hit his serve with his right hand. Bromwich twice won the Australian Championships singles title, in 1939 (over Adrian Quist in a straight sets final) and in 1946 (a five-set final victory over Dinny Pails). He was ranked world No. 3 by A. Wallis Myers in 1938 and again by Harry Hopman in 1947.
Urbanus (album)
Urbanus is the seventh album by jazz vibraphonist Stefon Harris. It was released in August 2009 on Concord Records, Harris's first release with the label, his previous six releases were on Blue Note Records. The self-produced album was Harris's second with his band Blackout, the first being 2004's Evolution. It reached number 15 on the Billboard Top Traditional Jazz Albums chart and was nominated for the 2010 Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Jazz Album.

Jackie McLean
John Lenwood McLean (May 17, 1931 – March 31, 2006) was an American jazz alto saxophonist, composer, bandleader, and educator.  He is one of the few musicians to be elected to the DownBeat Hall of Fame in the year of their death.
Mononobe Shrine
Mononobe Jinja (物部神社) is a Shinto shrine in the Kawai-cho neighborhood of the city of  Ōda in Shimane Prefecture, Japan. It is the ichinomiya of former Iwami Province. The main festivals of the shrine are held annually on January 7 and on November 24.

Tachi
A tachi (太刀) is a type of sabre-like traditionally made Japanese sword (nihonto) worn by the samurai class of feudal Japan. Tachi and uchigatana ("katana") generally differ in length, degree of curvature, and how they were worn when sheathed, the latter depending on the location of the mei (銘), or signature, on the tang. The tachi style of swords preceded the development of the katana, which was not mentioned by name until near the end of the twelfth century. Tachi were the mainstream Japanese swords of the Kotō period between 900 and 1596. Even after the Muromachi period (1336–1573), when katana became the mainstream, tachi were often worn by high-ranking samurai.
Office for Product Safety and Standards
The Office for Product Safety and Standards is a British government department that is responsible for the safety of consumer products, and the regulation of measurement standards. It is part of the Department for Business and Trade of the Government of the United Kingdom. It was previously part of the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy until that department's dissolution in February 2023.

Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy
The Department for Business, Energy, and Industrial Strategy (BEIS) was a ministerial department of the United Kingdom Government, from July 2016 to February 2023.

The department was formed during a machinery of government change on 14 July 2016, following Theresa May's appointment as Prime Minister. It was created by a merger between the Department for Business, Innovation, and Skills and the Department of Energy and Climate Change.

On 7 February 2023, under the Rishi Sunak premiership, the department was dissolved. Its functions were split into three new departments: the Department for Business and Trade, the Department for Energy Security and Net Zero, and the Department for Science, Innovation, and Technology. Grant Shapps, the final secretary of state for the old department, became the first Secretary of State for Energy Security and Net Zero.
Holzlar
Holzlar
Is an enclosed settlement in Bonn's district Beuel, east of the Rhine and north of the Siebengebirge in Germany. Holzlar has a population of about 11,000 and consists out of the former villages Holzlar, Kohlkaul, Heidebergen, Roleber and Gielgen.

Today the borders of the villages are no longer visible.

Siebengebirge
The Siebengebirge (German pronunciation: [ˈziːbn̩ɡəˌbɪʁɡə] ⓘ), occasionally Sieben Mountains or Seven Mountains, are a hill range of the German Central Uplands on the east bank of the Middle Rhine, southeast of Bonn.
Frodus
Frodus (a.k.a. Frodus Conglomerate International, Frodus Sound Laboratories, FCI, Frodus Escape Plan, Frodus Deposit Insurance Corporation) was an American post-hardcore band formed in 1993 in Washington, D.C. by vocalist/guitarist Shelby Cinca and drummer Jason Hamacher. The band went through numerous bassists over the course of their career. Their mixture of math rock and hardcore punk plus their lyrical themes, frequently dark and dissonant and seen as esoteric for the time, led them to be described by critics as one of the most influential post-hardcore bands of the 1990s.

Washington, D.C., hardcore
Washington, D.C., hardcore, commonly referred to as D.C. hardcore, sometimes styled in writing as harDCore, is the hardcore punk scene of Washington, D.C. Emerging in late 1979, it is considered one of the first and most influential punk scenes in the United States.
IRG
IRG may stand for:

IATA airport code for Lockhart River Airport

Ideographic Research Group on coded Han character sets

Intelligent Robotics Group

International Resources Group, a professional services firm

Iranian Revolutionary Guard

International Ratings Group, a credit ratings agency

Interest rate guarantee, a financial instrument

Island Reggae Greats

Immunity Related Guanosine Triphosphatases (IRGs)

Lockhart River Airport
Lockhart River Airport (IATA: IRG, ICAO: YLHR) (also known as Iron Range Airport) is an airport in Lockhart River, Queensland, Australia, located approximately 800 km (500 mi) north of Cairns on the eastern coast of Cape York Peninsula. Being so remote with the road to Lockhart River being unpassable during the tropical wet season, the airport provides a vital transport hub for the community as well as being the only means of freighting in critical medical and other supplies during the summer months.
BASABali
BASAbali is a non-profit online platform established in 2011, focusing on civic engagement and promotion of the Balinese language. In addition to the Balinese language, BASAbali has a sister platform, BASAsulsel, serving the province of South Sulawesi, supporting the Makassarese and Buginese languages.

Makassarese language
Makassarese (/məˌkæsəˈriːz/ mə-KASS-ər-EEZ; Basa Mangkasaraʼ, Lontara script: ᨅᨔ ᨆᨀᨔᨑ, Makasar script: 𑻤𑻰𑻥𑻠𑻰𑻭, Serang script: بَاسَ مَڠْكَاسَرَءْ, pronounced [ɓasa mãŋˈkʰasaraʔ]), sometimes called Makasar, Makassar, Macassar, or Macassan (Australian English) is a language of the Makassarese people, spoken in South Sulawesi province of Indonesia. It is a member of the South Sulawesi group of the Austronesian language family, and thus closely related to, among others, Buginese, also known as Bugis. The areas where Makassarese is spoken include the Gowa, Sinjai, Maros, Takalar, Jeneponto, Bantaeng, Pangkajene and Islands, Bulukumba, and Selayar Islands Regencies, and Makassar. Within the Austronesian language family, Makassarese is part of the South Sulawesi language group, although its vocabulary is considered divergent compared to its closest relatives. In 2000, Makassarese had approximately 2.1 million native speakers.