hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sydney Walling
Sir Sydney Walling (12 July 1907 – 8 October 2009) was an Antiguan cricketer who played for Antigua from the 1920s to the 1950s.

Despite being a successful batsman for his national team, he was never selected to play for the West Indies, perhaps because of inter-island prejudice, or simply because he lived on a small island that did not play first-class cricket at the time. In 1948 he played two matches for a Combined Leeward and Windward Islands team against British Guiana in Georgetown, top-scoring in each innings with 111, 82 and 38.

He began his working life in 1922 as a messenger with the post office, and worked his way up to become Antigua's postmaster in 1947. He was knighted in 2004 for services to Antigua. In 2006 the road that runs from the largest city, St John's, to Sir Vivian Richards Stadium was renamed the "Sir Sydney Walling Highway".

Walling died at the age of 102 in Antigua on 8 October 2009. Prime Minister Baldwin Spencer paid tribute to Walling after his death.

Combined Islands cricket team
The Combined Islands cricket team was a cricket team that represented the cricket-playing islands of the Lesser Antilles, excluding Barbados and Trinidad and Tobago who fielded their own teams. They played in 13 Shell Shield tournaments from 1965–66 to 1980–81, when they won their first title and were subsequently disbanded into Leeward Islands and Windward Islands. Those two teams had first-class status before 1980–81, but competed together in the Shell Shield.
Kalyan Bidhan Sinha
Kalyan Bidhan Sinha (K.B. Sinha) (born 3 June 1944) is an Indian mathematician. He is a professor at the Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, and Professor Emeritus for life of the Indian Statistical Institute.

Sinha is the author of numerous scientific works  in scattering theory, spectral theory of Schrödinger operators, quantum stochastic calculus, noncommutative geometry, and, more broadly, in mathematical physics.

Quantum stochastic calculus
Quantum stochastic calculus is a generalization of stochastic calculus to noncommuting variables. The tools provided by quantum stochastic calculus are of great use for modeling the random evolution of systems undergoing measurement, as in quantum trajectories.: 148  Just as the Lindblad master equation provides a quantum generalization to the Fokker–Planck equation, quantum stochastic calculus allows for the derivation of quantum stochastic differential equations (QSDE) that are analogous to classical Langevin equations.

For the remainder of this article stochastic calculus will be referred to as classical stochastic calculus, in order to clearly distinguish it from quantum stochastic calculus.
Presbyterian Church of Gabon
The Presbyterian Church of Gabon (in French: Église presbytérienne du Gabon, abbreviated EPG) is a Reformed Presbyterian Christian denomination operating in Gabon. The denomination in 2000, through missionary initiatives originating from the Presbyterian Church of Cameroon.

As of 2022, the denomination had existed for more than twenty years and maintained congregations in cities such as Libreville, Port-Gentil, Oyem, and Bitam.

Bitam
Bitam is a town in northern Gabon on the N2 road on the border with Cameroon. As of the 2013 census, its population is 27,923.

It is home to a large market and an airport.

A small Jewish community composed of former Christians has developed in Bitam. The community practices Jewish customs, but does not yet have a synagogue.
Farthings Wood
Farthings Wood is an ancient replanted woodland near Little Missenden in the English county of Buckinghamshire. The predominant tree species in the wood is Corsican pine, interspersed with beech, wild cherry, rowan, ash, silver birch, downy birch and sycamore. There are also Scots pine trees in the southern section of the wood, and hornbeam, oak and hawthorn around the boundaries of the wood. The shrub layer consists of a number of different species. The wood is home to two species of bats, namely the Common Pipistrelle and the Soprano Pipistrelle.

The route of the High Speed 2 railway passes underneath Farthings Wood. In 2015 plans were altered, extending the planned Chiltern tunnel north by 2.6 km such that the railway will pass underneath the wood rather than at surface level.

Crataegus monogyna
Crataegus monogyna, known as common hawthorn, whitethorn, one-seed hawthorn, or single-seeded hawthorn, is a species of flowering plant in the rose family, Rosaceae. It grows to about 10 metres (33 feet) tall, producing hermaphrodite flowers in late spring. The berry-like pomes (known as haws) contain a stone-encased seed.

The plant is native to Europe, but has been introduced in many other parts of the world. The pome flesh is of little culinary interest due to its dryness, but is used to make jellies. The young leaves and petals are also edible.
Spanish ship Pelayo
Two ships of the Spanish Navy have borne the name Pelayo, after Pelagius of Asturias (c. 685–737), the Spanish nobleman who founded the Kingdom of Asturias in 718:

Pelayo, a brigantine built in 1849 and decommissioned in 1867.

Pelayo, a battleship in commission from 1888 to 1924.

Pelagius of Asturias
Pelagius (Spanish: Pelayo; c. 685 – 737) was a Visigothic nobleman who founded the Kingdom of Asturias in 718. Pelagius is credited with initiating the Reconquista, the Christian reconquest of the Iberian Peninsula from the Moors, and establishing the Asturian monarchy.
Hôtel de Ville, Nîmes
The Hôtel de Ville (French pronunciation: [otɛl də vil], City Hall) is a municipal building in Nîmes, Gard, southern France, standing on the Place de l'Hôtel de Ville. It was designated a monument historique by the French government in 1959.

Gard
Gard (French pronunciation: [ɡaʁ] ⓘ) is a department in Southern France, located in the region of Occitanie. It had a population of 748,437 as of 2019; its prefecture is Nîmes.

The department is named after the river Gardon. In recent decades of the twenty-first century, local administration and French speakers have returned to the original Occitan name of the river, Gard (Occitan pronunciation: [gaɾ]). It is part of a revival of Occitan culture.
Norman Blacklock
Sir Norman James Blacklock KCVO OBE FRCS (5 February 1928 – 7 September 2006) was a surgeon in the Royal Navy and later a consultant in urology and professor of medicine at Manchester University.  He served as Medical Officer to The Queen on her overseas tours for 17 years, from 1976 to 1993.  He became known to the accompanying press corps as "the Queen's Witch Doctor", and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh nicknamed him "Hemlock".  He was appointed an Extra Gentleman Usher in 1993.

Consultant
A consultant (from Latin: consultare "to deliberate") is a professional (also known as expert, specialist, see variations of meaning below) who provides advice or services in an area of specialization (generally to medium or large-size corporations). Consulting services generally fall under the domain of professional services, as contingent work.

The Harvard Business School defines a consultant as someone who advises on "how to modify, proceed in, or streamline a given process within a specialized field".
Hammer & Coop
Hammer & Coop was part of a marketing campaign for automobile manufacturer Mini in 2007.  The campaign consisted of television commercials and a 6-episode video series that parodied action series from the 80s, especially Knight Rider.

In the series, Hammer (Bryan Callen) was a man of mystery and Coop was a 2007 Mini with artificial intelligence that spoke in a glib British voice.  Coop was the product of an apparent military contractor named Silverfox.

The campaign was created by Butler, Shine, Stern and Partners and the films were directed by Todd Phillips.

Butler, Shine, Stern & Partners
Butler, Shine, Stern & Partners (also known as BSSP) is an independent creative agency headquartered in Sausalito, California. They provide a variety of advertising and marketing services, including expertise in creative advertising, comms and media planning, data science and measurement, brand identity and design, and strategic brand consulting. They are one of the longest-standing independent agencies on the West Coast.
Minister of Agriculture (New Zealand)
The Minister of Agriculture is a minister in the New Zealand Government. It was re-created as a standalone portfolio in 2017 after previously existing continuously from 1889 to 1998, and again from 1999 to 2012. The current Minister is Todd McClay.

Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (New Zealand)
The Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (in Māori, Te Manatu Ahuwhenua, Ngāherehere) was a state sector organisation of New Zealand which dealt with matters relating to agriculture, forestry and biosecurity. It was commonly known by its acronym "MAF".

In April 2012, it became part of the newly formed Ministry for Primary Industries.
New York/New Jersey Knights
The New York/New Jersey Knights was a franchise in the World League of American Football for the 1991 and 1992 seasons. They played in the North American East division, which they won in the 1991 season. They were coached by Mouse Davis, an originator of the run and shoot offense.

After 1992, the NFL (who backed the league) suspended the WLAF's operations. When the WLAF returned in the 1995 season the league was concentrated in Europe, and none of the seven North American teams (including New York/New Jersey Knights) returned.

They played their home games at Giants Stadium, also the former home to the NFL's New York Giants and New York Jets.

Run and shoot offense
The run and shoot offense (also known as Run N' Shoot) is an offensive system for American football which emphasizes receiver motion and on-the-fly adjustments of receivers' routes in response to different defenses.  It was conceived by former high school coach Glenn "Tiger" Ellison and refined and popularized by former Portland State offensive coordinator Mouse Davis.
Myriad of Lights
Myriad of Lights, also translated as Lights of Ten Thousand Homes, is a 1948 Chinese film directed by Shen Fu and starring Shangguan Yunzhu, Wu Yin and Lan Ma.

The film is selected as one of the 100 best 20th-century Chinese films by Asia Weekly.  It also ranks #91 in  Hong Kong Film Academy's poll of the 100 best Chinese-language films.

Hong Kong Film Awards
The Hong Kong Film Awards (HKFA; Chinese: 香港電影金像獎), founded in 1982, is an annual film awards ceremony in Hong Kong. The ceremonies typically take place in April, and have mostly been held at the Grand Theatre of the Hong Kong Cultural Centre since 1991. The awards recognise achievement in various aspects of filmmaking, such as directing, screenwriting, acting and cinematography. The awards are regarded as the Hong Kong equivalent of the Academy Awards.

The HKFA, incorporated into Hong Kong Film Awards Association Ltd. since December 1993, are currently managed by a board of directors, which consists of representatives from thirteen professional film bodies in Hong Kong. Voting on eligible films for the HKFA is conducted January through March every year and is open to all registered voters, which include local film workers as well as critics, and a selected group of adjudicators.
Baga Sola
Baga Sola (Arabic: باغا سولا) is a town in Lac Region on the shore of Lake Chad in western Chad. It has a hospital and a fish market, and a refugee camp for Nigerians and Chadians who fled Boko Haram.

Boko Haram suicide bombers killed 41 people on 10 October 2015.

Provinces of Chad
The Republic of Chad is divided into 23 provinces.

Chad was divided into regions in 2002. It was previously divided into prefectures, and then departments.

On 10 August 2018, a new ordinance divided Chad into 23 provinces, 95 departments, and 365 communes. The names of the former regions remained the same but were now called provinces. On 4 July 2024, a new ordinance further divided the 23 provinces into 120 departments and 454 sub-prefectures.

Until 2025, the leaders of the provinces of Chad were known as governors. They are now called delegates general of the government.
Charnay-lès-Mâcon
Charnay-lès-Mâcon (French pronunciation: [ʃaʁnɛ lɛ makɔ̃], literally Charnay near Mâcon; Arpitan: Chârnê) is a commune in the Saône-et-Loire department in the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France.

Bourgogne-Franche-Comté
Bourgogne-Franche-Comté (French pronunciation: [buʁɡɔɲ fʁɑ̃ʃ kɔ̃te] ⓘ; lit. 'Burgundy-Free County', sometimes abbreviated BFC; Arpitan: Borgogne-Franche-Comtât) is a region in northeastern France created by the 2014 territorial reform of French regions, from a merger of Burgundy and Franche-Comté. The new region came into existence on 1 January 2016, after the regional elections of December 2015, electing 100 members to the Regional Council of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté.

The region covers an area of 47,783 km2 (18,449 sq mi) and eight departments; it had a population of 2,811,423 in 2017. Its prefecture and largest city is Dijon, although the regional council sits in Besançon, making Bourgogne-Franche-Comté one of two regions in France (along with Normandy) in which the prefect does not sit in the same city as the regional council.
Emprise Bank
Emprise Bank is a Kansas-based, family owned, community bank headquartered in Wichita, Kansas with more than $2 billion in assets.  Emprise has 34 locations across the state of Kansas, including branches in Wichita, Andover, Augusta, Chanute, Clearwater, Council Grove, Derby, El Dorado, Eureka, Goddard, Hays, Haysville, Hillsboro, Humboldt, Iola, Lawrence, McPherson, Moran, Park City, Potwin, Valley Center and Kansas City.

Hillsboro, Kansas
Hillsboro is a city in Marion County, Kansas, United States.  As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 2,732.  The city was named after John Hill, who homesteaded in the area in 1871.  The city has a significant student population, because it is home of Tabor College.
Oubliette Mountain
Oubliette Mountain is a 3,070-metre (10,072 ft) mountain summit located on the shared border of Jasper National Park in Alberta, and Mount Robson Provincial Park in British Columbia, Canada. Situated in the Tonquin Valley, Oubliette Mountain is part of The Ramparts in the Canadian Rockies. The nearest higher neighbor is Dungeon Peak, 1.0 km (0.62 mi) to the northwest. Not coincidentally,  an oubliette is a secret dungeon with access only through a trapdoor in its ceiling. The mountain's descriptive name was coined by Cyril G. Wates.

Jasper National Park
Jasper National Park, in Alberta, Canada, is the largest national park within Alberta's Rocky Mountains, spanning 11,000 km2 (4,200 sq mi). It was established as Jasper Forest Park in 1907, renamed as a national park in 1930, and declared a UNESCO world heritage site in 1984. Its location is north of Banff National Park and west of Edmonton. The park contains the glaciers of the Columbia Icefield, springs, lakes, waterfalls and mountains.
Don Collins Reed
Don Collins Reed (born in Fayetteville, Arkansas) is an emeritus professor of ethics and history of philosophy at Wittenberg University.

Reed's early research has focused on the work of the ethicist Lawrence Kohlberg.  In Following Kohlberg: Liberalism and the Practice of Democratic Community, published in 1998, Reed outlined the extension of principles of ethical community, developed by Kohlberg and Carol Gilligan, to that of deliberative democracy.  Between 2003 and 2009, Reed observed and volunteered in public school and preschool classrooms in Springfield, Ohio, and served on the Board of Education of Springfield City Schools.  His current research involves developing an integrated, multi-level model of human moral functioning based on recent scientific research on morality.

Springfield City School District
Springfield City School District is the public school district that serves the majority of the city of Springfield, Ohio, United States. It operates 14 schools: ten elementary, three middle, and one high. The superintendent is Robert Hill.
Omegasome
The omegasome is a cell organelle consisting of lipid bilayer membranes enriched with phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (abbreviated PI(3)P), and related to a process of autophagy. It is a subdomain of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and has a morphology resembling the Greek capital letter Omega (Ω). Omegasomes are the sites from which phagophores (also called "isolation membranes") form, which are sack-like structures that mature into autophagosomes, and fuse with lysosomes in order to degrade the contents of the autophagosomes. The formation of omegasomes depends on various factors, however in general, formation of omegasomes is increased as a response to starvation, and in some biochemical situations the presence of PI(3)P leads to the formation of omegasomes.

Biological membrane
A biological membrane or biomembrane is a selectively permeable membrane that separates the interior of a cell from the external environment or creates intracellular compartments by serving as a boundary between one part of the cell and another. Biological membranes, in the form of eukaryotic cell membranes, consist of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded, integral and peripheral proteins used in communication and transportation of chemicals and ions. The bulk of lipids in a cell membrane provides a fluid matrix for proteins to rotate and laterally diffuse for physiological functioning. Proteins are adapted to high membrane fluidity environment of the lipid bilayer with the presence of an annular lipid shell, consisting of lipid molecules bound tightly to the surface of integral membrane proteins. The cell membranes are different from the isolating tissues formed by layers of cells, such as mucous membranes, basement membranes, and serous membranes.
Karg (surname)
Karg is a surname. People with this surname or its variants include:

Christiane Karg (born 1980), German operatic soprano

Diego Karg (born 1990), Dutch footballer

Gabriel Karg (c. 1570–between 1630 and 1640), Swabian artist

Morné Karg (born 1977), Namibian cricketer

Sigfrid Karg-Elert (1877–1933), German composer

Morné Karg
Morné Karg (born 12 July 1977 in Windhoek) is a Namibian cricketer. He is a right-handed batsman and wicketkeeper.

He has appeared in the ICC Trophy since 1994 and in List A cricket between 2001 and 2003. He also played three One Day Internationals in the World Cup in 2003.

Karg's usual position in the batting line-up is as opener along with team-mate Jan-Berrie Burger.
Anmol (1973 film)
Anmol is a 1973 Pakistani Urdu romantic drama film directed by Parvez Malik. The lead cast included Shabnam, Shahid, Afzaal Ahmad, Munawar Saeed, and Allauddin. Anmol is considered the third diamond jubilee hit in the history of Lollywood. Anmol won 2 Nigar Awards in the best actress/supporting actor categories. The film is also remembered for its popular music composed by Nisar Bazmi.

Lollywood
Lollywood is Pakistan's film industry, which has served as the base for both Urdu- and Punjabi-language film production.

Lahore has been the center of Pakistani cinema since independence in 1947. However, with the Urdu film hub largely shifting to Karachi by 2007, the film industry in Lahore became synonymous with the Pakistani Punjabi film Industry.

According to several media sources, the word "Lollywood" is a portmanteau of "Lahore" and "Hollywood", coined in 1989 by Glamour magazine gossip columnist Saleem Nasir, and is usually used comparatively with respect to other film industries in South Asian cinema.
Caloptilia camphorae
Caloptilia camphorae (camphor leaf miner) is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from Japan (Honshū, Kyūshū, the Ryukyu Islands).

Their wingspan is 8–10 mm.

The larvae feed on Actinodaphne lancifolia, Cinnamomum camphora, Lindera praecox, and Litsea coreana. They mine the leaves of their host plant.

Lindera praecox
Lindera praecox, the February spicebush, is a species of flowering plant in the family Lauraceae, native to southern China, and Japan. A deciduous shrub typically 4.5 to 7.5 m (15 to 25 ft) tall, it is hardy to USDA Zone 8. In the wild it is found in thickets on the slopes of hills and mountains, and on the banks of streams and lakes. It is occasionally available from specialty nurseries.

The plant is a source of obtusilic acid.
President of the Supreme Court
President of the Supreme Court of Spain

President of the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom

President of the Supreme Court of Albania

President of the Supreme People's Court of China

Chief Justice of the United States

President of the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom
The president of the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom is the highest-ranking judge in the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom. It is equivalent to the now-defunct position of Senior Lord of Appeal in Ordinary, also known as the Senior Law Lord, who was the highest ranking among the Lords of Appeal in Ordinary (the judges who exercised the judicial functions of the House of Lords). The current President is Robert Reed, since 13 January 2020.
Shire of Mareeba
The Shire of Mareeba is a local government area at the base of Cape York Peninsula in Far North Queensland, inland from Cairns. The shire, administered from the town of Mareeba, covered an area of 53,491 square kilometres (20,653.0 sq mi), and existed as a local government entity from 1879 until 2008, when it amalgamated with several councils in the Atherton Tableland area to become the Tablelands Region.

On 20 March 2013, Mareeba residents voted in favour of a proposal to reverse the amalgamation and to re-establish Mareeba Shire.  The new Mareeba Shire was re-established on 1 January 2014.

In the 2021 census, the Shire of Mareeba had a population of 22,858 people.

Cape York Peninsula
The Cape York Peninsula is located in Far North Queensland, Australia. It is the largest wilderness in northern Australia. The land is mostly flat and about half of the area is used for grazing cattle. The relatively undisturbed eucalyptus-wooded savannahs, tropical rainforests and other types of habitat are now recognised and preserved for their global environmental significance. Although much of the peninsula remains pristine, with a diverse repertoire of endemic flora and fauna, some of its wildlife may be threatened by industry and overgrazing as well as introduced species and weeds.

The northernmost point of the peninsula is Cape York.
The land has been occupied by a number of Aboriginal Australian peoples for tens of thousands of years. In 1606, Dutch sailor Willem Janszoon on board the Duyfken was the first European to land in Australia, reaching the Cape York Peninsula.
Samail
Samāʾil (Arabic: سَمَائِل) is a Wilayah (Province) located in Muscat Region of the Sultanate of Oman. It is surrounded by a range of towering mountains, and its valley, Wadi Samail, is approximately 50 kilometres (31 miles) from the capital Muscat. The population is around 40,000, spread across 55 villages and towns.

Gulf of Oman
The Gulf of Oman or Sea of Oman (Arabic: خليج عمان khalīj ʿumān; Persian: دریای عمان daryâ-ye omân), also known as Gulf of Makran or Sea of Makran (Arabic: خلیج مکران khalīj makrān; Persian: دریای مکران daryâ-ye makrān), is a gulf in the Indian Ocean that connects the Arabian Sea with the Strait of Hormuz, which then runs to the Persian Gulf. It borders Iran and Pakistan on the north, Oman on the south, and the United Arab Emirates on the west.