hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Brishin Patel
Brishin Patel is an Indian politician. He was elected to the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Parliament of India from the Siwan in Bihar as a member of the Janata Dal. He was Minister of Education and Transport in Nitish Kumar cabinet. He was elected for record 6 times Member of Legislative Assembly from Vaishali, Bihar.

He joined Hindustani Awam Morcha when former Chief Minister of Bihar, Jitan Ram Manjhi, who left the Janata Dal (United) along with 18 others to form the party following the 2015 Bihar political crisis. He lost Vaishali seat in 2015 Bihar Legislative Assembly election. He was named as state president of Hindustani Awam Morcha. He left HAM Party and later joined RJD in 2020, before Bihar Assembly Election 2020.

Siwan Lok Sabha constituency
Siwan is a Lok Sabha constituency in the state of Bihar in India. The Lok Sabha is the lower house of the Parliament of India. The constituency was formed following the States Reorganisation Act of 1956 and the constituency boundaries were readjusted by the Delimitation Order of 2008. The constituency consists of 6 Assembly segments (constituencies) of the Bihar Legislative Assembly.
Kim Herzinger
Kim Herzinger is a critic, a Pushcart Prize-winning writer of fiction, and the editor of three Donald Barthelme collections. He taught at the University of Southern Mississippi and owns and operates Left Bank Books in New York City.

Pushcart Prize
The Pushcart Prize is an American literary prize published by Pushcart Press that honors the best "poetry, short fiction, essays or literary whatnot" published in the small presses over the previous year. Magazine and small book press editors are invited to submit up to six works they have featured. Since 1976, anthologies of selected works have been published on an annual basis. These initiatives are supported and staffed entirely by dedicated volunteers.
Lakeland Central School District
The Lakeland Central School District is a public school district in New York State, serving approximately 5200 students in 44 square miles (110 km2) of the towns of Yorktown, Cortlandt and Somers in Westchester County; and the towns of Carmel, Philipstown, and Putnam Valley in Putnam County. It is the largest suburban school district (by area) in Westchester County and a member of the Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES.

The district's main office is located in Shrub Oak, New York. Dr. Joseph Mosey is the current Superintendent of Schools.

Putnam Valley, New York
Putnam Valley is a town in Putnam County, New York, United States.  The population was 11,762 at the 2020 census. Its location is northeast of New York City, in the southwestern part of Putnam County. Putnam Valley calls itself the "Town of Lakes".
Chicoutimi—Le Fjord
Chicoutimi—Le Fjord (formerly known as Chicoutimi) is a federal electoral district in Quebec, Canada, that has been represented in the House of Commons of Canada since 1925. The riding consists of the northern part of the Chicoutimi borough of Saguenay, as well as the La Baie borough and the municipalities of Ferland-et-Boilleau, L'Anse-Saint-Jean, Petit-Saguenay, Rivière-Éternité and Saint-Félix-d'Otis and the unorganized territory of Lalemant.

It was created as "Chicoutimi" riding in 1924 from Chicoutimi—Saguenay. It was renamed "Chicoutimi—Le Fjord" in 2000.

The neighbouring ridings are Manicouagan, Beauport—Côte-de-Beaupré—Île d'Orléans—Charlevoix, and Jonquière.

Richard Martel won the 2018 by-election.

Following the 2022 Canadian federal electoral redistribution, the riding gained the municipalities of Saint-David-de-Falardeau, Sainte-Rose-du-Nord, Saint-Fulgence, and Saint-Honoré from Jonquière.

Lalemant, Quebec
Lalemant (French pronunciation: [lalmɑ̃]) is an unorganized territory in the Canadian province of Quebec, located in the regional county municipality of Le Fjord-du-Saguenay. The region had a population of 0 in the Canada 2011 Census, and covered a land area of 190.52 km2.

The territory corresponds to and is named after the geographic township of Lalemant. The township was proclaimed in 1920 and named in honour of Jesuit Gabriel Lalemant (1610 - 1649).
IBMX
IBMX (3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine), like other methylxanthine derivatives, is both a:

competitive non-selective phosphodiesterase inhibitor which raises intracellular cAMP, activates PKA, inhibits TNFα and leukotriene synthesis, and reduces inflammation and innate immunity, and

nonselective adenosine receptor antagonist.

As a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, IBMX has IC50 = 2–50 μM and does not inhibit PDE8 or PDE9.

Leukotriene
Leukotrienes are a family of eicosanoid inflammatory mediators produced in leukocytes by the oxidation of arachidonic acid (AA) and the essential fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) by the enzyme arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase.

Leukotrienes use lipid signaling to convey information to either the cell producing them (autocrine signaling) or neighboring cells (paracrine signaling) in order to regulate immune responses. The production of leukotrienes is usually accompanied by the production of histamine and prostaglandins, which also act as inflammatory mediators.

One of their roles (specifically, leukotriene D4) is to trigger contractions in the smooth muscles lining the bronchioles; their overproduction is a major cause of inflammation in asthma and allergic rhinitis. Leukotriene antagonists are used to treat these disorders by inhibiting the production or activity of leukotrienes.
Paradyne
Paradyne Networks, Inc. was a manufacturer of telecommunications hardware, based in Largo, Florida. The company formed in 1969 as Paradyne Corporation to supply computer communications systems and expanded steadily through the 1970s and 80s. During these period they operated in the high-end modem market and competed with Motorola Codex, Racal-Milgo, and divisions of AT&T and IBM.

As one of its first major purchases after the 1982 Breakup of the Bell System, AT&T purchased the company for $250 million in 1989 and renamed it to AT&T Paradyne. The company grew to become a major supplier in the digital subscriber line (DSL) industry as that expanded. When AT&T spun off Lucent in 1996, Paradyne moved to the new company. Lucent quickly sold Paradyne to Texas Pacific Group (TPG Capital) for $175 million where it became Paradyne Networks, Inc..

In 2004, Paradyne acquired Net to Net Technologies.

The company was acquired by Zhone Technologies in 2005 for US$183.6 million.

Largo, Florida
Largo is the third largest city in Pinellas County, Florida, United States, and the fourth largest in the Tampa Bay area. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 82,485, up from 77,648 in 2010.

Largo was first incorporated in 1905. In 1913, it became the first municipality in Pinellas County to adopt a council-manager government. It switched back and forth between "town" and "city" a few times, and became a city again in 1974. It was an exporter of agricultural products until the 1960s population growth began to transform it into a bedroom community. From 1905 to 2010, Largo grew in area from 9⁄16 of a square mile (1.5 km2) to about 19 square miles (48 km2), and in population from about 300 people to more than 70,000. Largo began as a rural farming community and became the third largest city in Florida's most densely populated county.

Largo is a sister city to Tosayamada, Kōchi, Japan, and has been named a National Arbor Day Tree City for 35 years in a row as of 2023.
Kodomonokuni Theme Park
Kodomonokuni Theme Park (こどもの国) is an amusement park in Yokohama, Japan, near Tokyo. The park's name means Children's Country. As the name implies, it is more oriented towards young children than teenagers. It was founded in commemoration of the Royal Marriage of Prince Akihito and Princess Michiko in 1959 (who reigned as Emperor and Empress from 1989 to 2019), and it was officially opened on May 5, a national holiday of the Children's Day, in 1965. The park is approximately 240 acres (97 ha), and includes such things as a children's petting zoo, a boating lake, and a barbecue site.

It can be accessed by train from the Tokyu Corporation's Kodomonokuni Line, Kodomonokuni Station, or from Aobadai Station or Tsurukawa Station by bus.

Empress Michiko
Michiko (美智子; born Michiko Shōda [正田 美智子 Shōda Michiko], 20 October 1934) is a member of the Imperial House of Japan who has been the Empress Emerita of Japan since 1 May 2019. She was the Empress of Japan as the wife of Akihito, the 125th Emperor of Japan reigning from 7 January 1989 to 30 April 2019.

Michiko married Crown Prince Akihito and became Crown Princess of Japan in 1959. She was the first commoner to marry into the Japanese imperial family. She has three children with her husband: Naruhito, Fumihito, and Sayako. Her elder son, Naruhito, is the current emperor. As crown princess and later as empress consort, she has become the most visible and widely travelled imperial consort in Japanese history. Upon Akihito's abdication, Michiko received the new title of Jōkōgō (上皇后), or Empress Emerita.
Robert Petre, 9th Baron Petre
Robert Edward Petre, 9th Baron Petre (March 1742 – July 1801) was a British peer and prominent member of the English Roman Catholic nobility. He hailed from an extraordinarily affluent family and devoted himself to philanthropic endeavors. Lord Petre played a crucial role in commissioning James Paine to design a new Thorndon Hall as well as a house in Mayfair.

Horace Walpole
Horatio Walpole, 4th Earl of Orford (/ˈwɔːlpoʊl/; 24 September 1717 – 2 March 1797), better known as Horace Walpole, was an English Whig politician, writer, historian and antiquarian.

He had Strawberry Hill House built in Twickenham, southwest London, reviving the Gothic style some decades before his Victorian successors. His literary reputation rests on the first Gothic novel, The Castle of Otranto (1764), and his Letters, which are of significant social and political interest. They have been published by Yale University Press in 48 volumes. In 2017, a volume of Walpole's selected letters was published.

The youngest son of the first British prime minister, Sir Robert Walpole, 1st Earl of Orford, he became the 4th and last Earl of Orford of the second creation on his nephew's death in 1791.
Riverside Park, Guildford
Riverside Park is a  61.6-hectare (152-acre) Local Nature Reserve in Guildford in Surrey. It is owned by  Guildford Borough Council and the National Trust and managed by Guildford Borough Council.

This wetland site has open water and reedbeds. Breeding birds include terns, sedge warblers, reed buntings, water rails, redshanks, snipe and lapwings.

There is access from Bowers Lane.

Borough of Guildford
The Borough of Guildford is a local government district with borough status in Surrey, England. With around half of the borough's population, Guildford is its largest settlement and only town, and is where the council is based.

The borough includes part of the Surrey Hills, a designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. The neighbouring districts are Surrey Heath, Woking, Elmbridge, Reigate and Banstead, Waverley and Rushmoor.
Balwant Singh Nandgarh
Balwant Singh Nandgarh (1943/1944 – 5 January 2024) was an Indian Sikh politician and Jathedar of Takht Sri Damdama Sahib, one of five seats of temporal authority of Sikhism.

Balwant Singh was a farmer in Nandgarh, Bathinda, Punjab, India. In 1997, he became a member of Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee (SGPC). According to Gurcharan Singh Tohra, Nandgarh was given ticket to contest elections for SGPC because he was the only applicant to introduce himself as "Khalsa". In 2003, he was made the Jathedar of Takht Sri Damdama Sahib. In 2007, Gurmeet Ram Rahim Singh, head of Dera Sacha Sauda had appeared in an advertisement dressed up as Guru Gobind Singh, 10th Sikh guru. This resulted in widespread clashes between Dera followers and Sikhs. Nandgarh formed a Sikh group called Ek Noor Khalsa Fauj to stop the religious gathering of Dera Sacha Sauda.

Sikh gurus
The Sikh gurus (Punjabi: ਸਿੱਖ ਗੁਰੂ; Hindi: सिख गुरु) are the spiritual masters of Sikhism, who established the religion over the course of about two and a half centuries, beginning in 1469. The year 1469 marks the birth of Guru Nanak, the founder of Sikhism. Nine other human gurus succeeded him until, in 1708, the Guruship was finally passed on by the tenth guru to the holy Sikh scripture, Guru Granth Sahib, which is now considered the living Guru by the followers of the Sikh faith. The guruship was also passed onto the Guru Panth, consisting of the Khalsa; however, this form of guruship went into decline following to rise of Ranjit Singh.
Botești
Botești is a commune in Neamț County, Western Moldavia, Romania. It is composed of three villages: Barticești, Botești, and Nisiporești. It included four other villages until 2004, when they were split off to form Văleni Commune.

The commune is located in the eastern part of Neamț County, 23 km (14 mi) northwest of Roman and 45 km (28 mi) east of the county seat, Piatra Neamț, on the border with Iași County.

In 2002, the commune had a population of 4,700, of which 95.2% were ethnic Romanian and 4.7% Roma; 67.1% were Roman Catholic and 32.8% were Romanian Orthodox. At the 2011 census, the population had increased to 4,989, with 97.21% Romanians. At the 2021 census, Botești had a population of 3,890; of those, 90.33% were Romanians.

Iași County
Iași County (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈjaʃʲ]) is a county (județ) of Romania, in Western Moldavia, with the administrative seat at Iași. It is the most populous county in Romania, after the Municipality of Bucharest (which has the same administrative level as that of a county).
Gulashkird
Gulashkird also known as Faryjab or Paryjab or Valashgird was an important town in Kerman province of Iran during the Middle Ages as a station on the trade routes from the Persian Gulf and Persia to India and also into Central Asia.

Today the town lies at modern Faryjab, a small village north east of Bandar Abbas, south of Jiroft and 50 km north of Mantijan, near the town of Manujan and the Rudkhanah i Duzdi River.

Historically the town was a strongly fortified town with a castle known as Kftshah and was serviced by quanats that allowed the area to grow Indigo, oranges, date palms and Grain, It was mentioned by Arab geographers Mukaddasi and Yaqut al-Hamawi and Marco Polo.

The village has been suggested as a possible location for the lost city of Alexandria Carmania, founded by Alexander the Great months before he died in Babylon. Indeed, Greek pottery has been found in the area.

Faryab, Iran
Faryab (Persian: فارياب) is a city in the Central District of Faryab County, Kerman province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. It is also the administrative center for Golashkerd Rural District.
Leg raise
The leg raise is a strength training exercise which targets the iliopsoas (the anterior hip flexors). Because the abdominal muscles are used isometrically to stabilize the body during the motion, leg raises are also often used to strengthen the rectus abdominis muscle and the internal and external oblique muscles.

Strength training
Strength training, also known as weight training or resistance training, is exercise designed to improve physical strength. It may involve lifting weights, bodyweight exercises (e.g., push-ups, pull-ups, and squats), isometrics (holding a position under tension, like planks), and plyometrics (explosive movements like jump squats and box jumps).

Training works by progressively increasing the force output of the muscles and uses a variety of exercises and types of equipment. Strength training is primarily an anaerobic activity, although circuit training also is a form of aerobic exercise.

Strength training can increase muscle, tendon, and ligament strength as well as bone density, metabolism, and the lactate threshold; improve joint and cardiac function; and reduce the risk of injury in athletes and the elderly. For many sports and physical activities, strength training is central or is used as part of their training regimen.
Joseph T. Salerno
Joseph T. Salerno (born 1950) is an American Austrian School economist who is Professor Emeritus of Economics in the Finance and Graduate Economics departments at the Lubin School of Business at Pace University, Academic Vice President of the Ludwig von Mises Institute, and holds the John V. Denson II Endowed Professorship in the economics department at Auburn University. He earned his B.A. at Boston College and his M.A. and Ph.D. at Rutgers University.

Mises Institute
The Ludwig von Mises Institute for Austrian Economics, or Mises Institute, is a nonprofit educational, research, and publishing institution headquartered in Auburn, Alabama, that is a center for Austrian economic thought, right-wing libertarian thought, and the paleolibertarian and anarcho-capitalist movements in the United States. It is named after the economist Ludwig von Mises (1881–1973) and promotes the Misesian version of heterodox Austrian economics.

The Mises Institute was founded in 1982 by Lew Rockwell, chief of staff to Texas Republican Congressman Ron Paul. Early supporters of the institute included economist F. A. Hayek, writer Henry Hazlitt, economist Murray Rothbard, Ron Paul, and libertarian coin dealer Burt Blumert.
Sztynort
Sztynort [ˈʂtɨnɔrt] (German: Steinort) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Węgorzewo, within Węgorzewo County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland, close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia. It lies approximately 11 km (7 mi) south-west of Węgorzewo and 87 km (54 mi) north-east of the regional capital Olsztyn. It is situated in the historic region of Masuria.

Węgorzewo County
Węgorzewo County (Polish: powiat węgorzewski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, northern Poland, on the border with Russia. It was created in 2002 out of the northern part of Giżycko County. Its administrative seat and only town is Węgorzewo, which lies 95 kilometres (59 mi) north-east of the regional capital Olsztyn.

The county covers an area of 693.43 square kilometres (267.7 sq mi). As of 2024 its total population is 20,703, out of which the population of Węgorzewo is 10,488 and the rural population is 10,140.
Connecticut River Line
The Connecticut River Line (colloquially known as the Conn River Line) is a railroad line owned by the Massachusetts Department of Transportation (MassDOT), running between Springfield and East Northfield, Massachusetts.

Freight rail service along the line is operated by Berkshire and Eastern Railroad, and passenger rail service is operated by Amtrak. The line is dispatched and operated on behalf of MassDOT by the Berkshire and Eastern Railroad, a subsidiary of Genesee & Wyoming.

Northfield, Massachusetts
Northfield is a town in Franklin County, Massachusetts, United States. Northfield was first settled in 1673. The population was 2,866 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Springfield metropolitan area, Massachusetts. The Connecticut River runs through the town, dividing West Northfield from East Northfield and the village of Northfield, where the town hall is located.

Part of the town is included in the census-designated place of Northfield.
Maury Waugh
Maury Waugh (born c. 1940) is an American football coach. He was most recently an assistant coach at Trine University in Angola, Indiana, a position he held from 2010 to his retirement in 2019. Waugh served as the head football coach at the University of Dubuque in Dubuque, Iowa from 1969 to 1974, Simpson College in Indianola, Iowa from 1975 to 1979, and Lake Forest College in Lake Forest, Illinois from 1992 to 1994.

Lake Forest, Illinois
Lake Forest is a city in Lake County, Illinois, United States. The population was 19,367 at the 2020 census. The city is along the shore of Lake Michigan, and is part of the Chicago metropolitan area and the North Shore. Lake Forest was founded with Lake Forest College and was laid out as a town in 1857, a stop for travelers making their way south to Chicago. The Lake Forest City Hall, designed by Charles Sumner Frost, was completed in 1898. It originally housed the fire department, the Lake Forest Library, and city offices.
1997 Salem Open – Doubles
Patrick Galbraith and Andrei Olhovskiy were the defending champions, but Galbraith did not compete this year. Olhovskiy teamed up with David Adams and lost in the first round to Karsten Braasch and Jeff Tarango.

Martin Damm and Daniel Vacek won the title by defeating Braasch and Tarango 6–3, 6–4 in the final.

Jeff Tarango
Jeffrey Gail Tarango (born November 20, 1968) is a retired American tennis player. He was a top-ten doubles player and a runner-up at the 1999 French Open men's doubles tournament. He is now the Director of Tennis at the Jack Kramer Club, which is just south of Los Angeles. In 2018, he was the tournament director of a $30,000 men's California championships.

Tarango now resides in Manhattan Beach, California with his wife and children. He is married to Jessica Balgrosky, and they have five children (Nina Rose, Katherine, Jackson, Ace, and Jesse).
Samsun–Ceyhan pipeline
The Ünye–Ceyhan pipeline, commonly known with its former name, the Samsun–Ceyhan pipeline, was a planned crude oil pipeline traversing Turkey from the Black Sea to the Mediterranean oil terminal in Ceyhan. The aim of the project was to provide an alternative route for Russian and Kazakhstani oil and to ease the traffic burden in the Bosporus and the Dardanelles. The project was halted in 2010. This was confirmed again in 2013.

Bosporus
The Bosporus or Bosphorus Strait is a natural strait and an internationally significant waterway located in Turkey which is straddled by the city of  Istanbul. The Bosporus connects the Black Sea to the Sea of Marmara and forms one of the continental boundaries between Asia and Europe. It also divides Turkey by separating Asia Minor from Thrace. It is the world's narrowest strait used for international navigation.

Most of the shores of the Bosporus Strait, except for the area to the north, are heavily settled, with the city of Istanbul's metropolitan population of 17 million inhabitants extending inland from both banks.

The Bosporus Strait and the Dardanelles Strait at the opposite end of the Sea of Marmara are together known as the Turkish Straits.

Sections of the shore of the Bosporus in Istanbul have been reinforced with concrete or rubble and those sections of the strait prone to deposition are periodically dredged.
St Margaret, New Fish Street
St Margaret, New Fish Street, was a parish church in the City of London.

The Mortality Bill for the year 1665, published by the Parish Clerks' Company, shows 97 parishes within the City of London. By September 6 the city lay in ruins due to the Great Fire of London, with 86 churches, including St Margaret, destroyed. The Rebuilding of London Act 1670 was passed and a committee set up under the stewardship of Sir Christopher Wren to decide which would be rebuilt. Fifty-one were chosen, but St Margaret New Fish Street where the Monument now stands in Bridge ward was one of the minority never to be rebuilt.

Variously called St Margaret Bridge Street and St Margaret Fish Street Hill, it received many gifts from the pilgrims who passed it on the way to and from London Bridge.

Following the fire, it was united to St Magnus-the-Martyr.

Rebuilding of London Act 1670
The Rebuilding of London Act 1670 (22 Cha. 2. c. 11) is an act of the Parliament of England with the long title "Act for the rebuilding of the City of London, uniting of Parishes and rebuilding of the Cathedral and Parochial Churches within the said City."

In February 1667, the Rebuilding of London Act 1666 (18 & 19 Cha. 2. c. 8) was passed to rebuild the City of London following the Great Fire of London. This particular act extended the powers to enlarge streets and also ordered the rebuilding of St Paul's Cathedral.

As of 2025, the act remains in force in England and Wales.