hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Janny Wood Section
Janny Wood Section is a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) within Yorkshire Dales National Park in Cumbria, England. It is located 4.8km south of Kirkby Stephen and 1km north of Pendragon Castle. This protected area includes a stretch of the banks of the River Eden in the Vale of Eden, beneath the peak of Birkett Knott, near to where the stream called the Aller Gill flows into the River Eden. This area is protected because of the exposure of Carboniferous geological strata in limestone that show the transition between two different substages in the Visean age: from the Asbian substage to the Brigantian substage.

Janny Wood Section SSSI is adjacent to River Eden and Tributaries SSSI and so is part of a wider area of nature protection.

Viséan
The Visean, Viséan or Visian is an age in the ICS geologic timescale or a stage in the stratigraphic column. It is the second stage of the Mississippian, the lower subsystem of the Carboniferous. The Visean lasted from 346.7 to 330.3 Ma. It follows the Tournaisian age/stage and is followed by the Serpukhovian age/stage.
Anne-Marie Kermarrec
Anne-Marie Kermarrec (born 1970) is a French computer scientist. She is a professor at EPFL, Switzerland, where she heads the Scalable Computing Systems Laboratory in the School of Computer and Communication Sciences. Her research concerns distributed computing, epidemic algorithms, peer-to-peer networks, and systematic support for machine learning.

Previously, she was director of research at Inria in Rennes. In 2015, she founded Mediego, a startup company that provides systems for real-time online content personalization.

École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
EPFL (officially no longer an acronym; originally short for French: École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, lit. 'Federal School of Technology in Lausanne') is a public research university in Lausanne, Switzerland. Founded in 1969, the university primarily teaches and conducts research in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields.

Like its sister institution ETH Zurich, EPFL is part of the Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain, a consortium of universities and research institutes under the Swiss Federal Department of Economic Affairs, Education and Research. As of 2024, EPFL enrolled 14,012 students from over 130 countries.

Students, faculty, and researchers affiliated with EPFL include a Nobel laureate, two Fields Medalists, two Pritzker Prize winners, and one Turing Award recipient. EPFL has an urban campus that extends alongside Lake Geneva, and includes the EPFL Innovation Park as well as university research centers and affiliated laboratories.
Azar (Quranic figure)
Azar ibn Nahur ibn Saruh ibn Ra'u ibn Falakh ibn Hud (Arabic: ءَازَرَ, romanized: ʿĀzara) was a Mesopotamian idol-sculptor and the legal guardian of Abraham according to the Quran. Many Sunni and Shia scholars argue over whether Azar was the father or paternal uncle of Abraham. He was a descendant of Noah, through Shem.

Shem
Shem (/ʃɛm/; Hebrew: שֵׁם Šēm; Arabic: سَام, romanized: Sām) is one of the sons of Noah in the Bible (Genesis 5–11 and 1 Chronicles 1:4).

The children of Shem are Elam, Ashur, Arpachshad (or Arphaxad), Lud and Aram, in addition to his unnamed daughters. Abraham, the patriarch of Jews, Christians, and Muslims, is one of the descendants of Arphaxad.

In medieval and early modern European tradition he was considered to be the ancestor of the peoples of Asia, and he gives his name to the title "Semites" formerly given to West Asian peoples.

Islamic literature describes Shem as one of the believing sons of Noah. Some Islamic sources even identify Shem as a prophet in his own right and state that he was the next prophet after his father.
Hong Kong at the 1984 Summer Paralympics
Hong Kong competed at the 1984 Summer Paralympics in Stoke Mandeville, Great Britain and New York City, United States. 25 competitors from Hong Kong won 17 medals including 3 gold, 5 silver and 9 bronze and finished 27th in the medal table.

1984 Summer Paralympics medal table
The 1984 Summer Paralympics medal table is a list of National Paralympic Committees (NPCs) ranked by the number of gold medals won by their athletes during the 1984 Summer Paralympics, held in Stoke Mandeville, United Kingdom from July 22 to August 1, 1984, and Nassau County, New York, United States, from June 17 to 30, 1984.
2011 Copa do Brasil
The 2011 Copa do Brasil (officially known as the 2011 Copa Kia do Brasil for sponsorship reasons) was the 23rd edition of the Copa do Brasil, Brazil's national football cup tournament. It began on February 16 and ended on June 8. This edition's champion was Vasco da Gama, with Coritiba ending as runners-up.

Kia
Kia Corporation (Korean: 기아; pronounced [ki.a]) is a South Korean multinational automobile manufacturer headquartered in Seoul, South Korea. It is South Korea's second largest automobile manufacturer, after its parent company, Hyundai Motor Company, with sales of over 2.8 million vehicles in 2019. Kia is owned by Hyundai, which holds a 33.88% stake valued at just over US$6 billion. Kia in turn is a minority owner of more than twenty Hyundai subsidiaries ranging from 4.9% up to 45.37%, totaling more than US$8.3 billion.
Second Council of Dvin
The Second Council of Dvin was a church Synod or Church Council held in 554 in the city of Dvin (then in Sasanian Armenia).

The Second Council of Dvin was called by Catholicos Nerses II of Bagrevand, and it was in this council that the bishops declined to accept the canons of Chalcedon. This was significant as it was the moment where the Armenian Church formally rejected the dyophysite formula that had been adopted by some bishops at the Council of Chalcedon. This decision was made because of the Armenians' observation that the decrees of Chalcedon had caused the doctrine of Nestorius to spread.

Dyophysitism
Dyophysitism (/daɪˈɒfɪsaɪtɪzəm/; from Greek δύο dyo, "two" and φύσις physis, "nature") is the Christological position that Jesus Christ is in two distinct, inseparable natures: divine and human. It is accepted by the majority of Christian denominations, including the Catholic Church, Eastern Orthodox Church, Church of the East, Anglicanism, Methodism, Reformed Christianity and Lutheranism. It is rejected by the Oriental Orthodox churches, who hold to Miaphysitism—that Jesus Christ is of two natures united into one composite nature—while rejecting Monophysitism as heresy along with other extant denominations.

Those who subscribe to the "two natures after the union" formula on either Chalcedonian and Nestorian side were referred to as dyophysites (/daɪˈɒfəsaɪts/). It is related to the doctrine of the hypostatic union and prosopic union.
Gramthan Rural Municipality
Gramthan (Nepali: ग्रामथान गाउँपालिका) is a Gaupalika (rural municipality) located at Morang district. Lakhantari, Sidharaha,
Tetariya, Jhorahat, Motipur and Banigama VDCs were incorporated into Gramthan Gaupalika. This rural municipality has an area of 71.84 km2. The population as of 2017 is 32,717. The current VDC Office of Tetariya is the office of this Gaupalika.

Rural municipality (Nepal)
A gaunpalika (Nepali: गाउँपालिका, romanized: Gāum̐pālikā, lit. 'rural municipality' Nepali pronunciation: [ɡãũ̯palika]) is an administrative division in Nepal. The Ministry of Federal Affairs and Local Development dissolved the existing village development committees and announced the establishment of this new local body. It is a sub-unit of a district. There are currently 481 rural municipalities.
Wake Forest University School of Business
The Wake Forest University School of Business is the business school of Wake Forest University, a private research university in Winston-Salem, North Carolina. It offers undergraduate programs to around 1,314 students, as well as management-related masters programs. The school is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges and  the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business, and has supplemental accounting accreditation by the latter agency. It has a second campus in The Pearl Innovation District in Charlotte, North Carolina.

Business school
A business school is a higher education institution or professional school that teaches courses leading to degrees in business administration or management.

A business school may also be referred to as school of business, school of management, management school, school of business administration, college of business, business college, or colloquially b-school or biz school.
Karen Furneaux
Karen Furneaux (born December 23, 1976) is a Canadian sprint kayaker who has been competing since 1988. A native of Halifax, Nova Scotia, she won nine medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships. This includes two golds (K-1 200 m: 2001, K-2 200 m: 1998), three silvers (K-1 500 m: 2005, K-2 500 m: 1999, K-4 200 m: 1997), and four bronzes (K-1 200 m: 2005, 2006; K-1 1000 m: 2005, K-1 4 x 200 m: 2009).

Furneaux also competed in three Summer Olympics, earning her best finish of fifth in the K-2 500 m event at Sydney in 2000.

In 2018, she was named one of the greatest 15 athletes in Nova Scotia's history.

ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships
The ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships are an international event in canoe racing, one of two top-tier Summer Olympic sport events organized by the International Canoe Federation (the other being the ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships). They are usually held every non-Olympic year and have officially included paracanoe events since 2010; paracanoe-specific editions of this event (named ICF Paracanoe World Championships) are usually held in Summer Paralympic years.

Prior to November 2008, canoe sprint was known as flatwater racing.
Phoenix Society (New York)
The Phoenix Society, was a mutual aid society for African Americans and education, "an organization dedicated to 'morals, literature and the mechanical arts'". It was founded in 1833 by Samuel Cornish, Theodore Wright, Peter Williams Jr., and Christopher Rush in New York City. They had support from the philanthropist brothers Arthur and Lewis Tappan. Many people associated with the Phoenix Society attended the New York Manumission Society’s African Free School in New York City.

They set up the Phoenix High School for Colored Youth, first for boys, where Henry Highland Garnet studied, followed quickly by a high school for girls.: 82

Arthur Tappan
Arthur Tappan (May 22, 1786 – July 23, 1865) was an American businessman, philanthropist and abolitionist. He was the brother of Ohio Senator Benjamin Tappan and abolitionist Lewis Tappan, and nephew of Harvard Divinity School theologian Rev. David Tappan.: 37

He was a great-grandfather of Thornton Wilder.
Twelvefold way
In combinatorics, the twelvefold way is a systematic classification of 12 related enumerative problems concerning two finite sets, which include the classical problems of counting permutations, combinations, multisets, and partitions either of a set or of a number. The idea of the classification is credited to Gian-Carlo Rota, and the name was suggested by Joel Spencer.

Simple random sample
In statistics, a simple random sample (or SRS) is a subset of individuals (a sample) chosen from a larger set (a population) in which a subset of individuals are chosen randomly, all with the same probability. It is a process of selecting a sample in a random way. In SRS, each subset of k individuals has the same probability of being chosen for the sample as any other subset of k individuals. Simple random sampling is a basic type of sampling and can be a component of other more complex sampling methods.
Red Bull Škoda Team
Red Bull Škoda Team is an Austrian private rally team that participated in the World Rally Championship in the 2006 season. It was managed by BRR - Baumschlager Rallye & Racing and sponsored by the Red Bull brand. The team participated with four different drivers, using the Škoda Fabia WRC as the vehicle, in ten rounds on the calendar. Andreas Aigner's best result was a sixth place at Rallye Deutschland.

World Rally Championship
The World Rally Championship (WRC) is an international rallying series owned and governed by the FIA. Inaugurated in 1973, it is the second oldest FIA world championship (after Formula One). Each season lasts one calendar year, and typically consists of 13 three- to four-day rally events driven on surfaces ranging from gravel and tarmac to snow and ice. Each rally is usually split into 15–25 special stages which are run against the clock on up to 350 kilometres (220 mi) of closed roads.

Separate championship titles are awarded to drivers, co-drivers and manufacturers. There are also two support championships, WRC2 and WRC3, which are contested on the same events and stages as the WRC, but with progressively lower maximum performance and running costs of the cars permitted. Junior WRC is also contested by younger drivers on five events of the World Rally Championship calendar.
Church of Saint James the Great (Estômbar)
The Church of Saint James the Great (Portuguese: Igreja de São Tiago Maior) is the principal church, in the civil parish of  Estômbar in the municipality of Lagoa in the Algarve. Situated in the heart of the town, the church was consecrated to the invocation of Saint James, son of Zebedee.

James the Great
James the Great (Koine Greek: Ἰάκωβος, romanized: Iákōbos; Classical Syriac: ܝܥܩܘܒ, romanized: Yaʿqōḇ; died c. 44) was one of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus. According to the New Testament, he was the second of the apostles to die, after Judas Iscariot, and the first to be martyred. Saint James is the patron saint of Spain and, according to tradition, what are believed to be his remains are held in Santiago de Compostela in Galicia, Spain.

He is also known as James, son of Zebedee, James, brother of John, Saint James the Great, Saint James the Greater, St. James Son of Thunder, St. James the Major, Saint James the Elder, or Saint Jacob, James the Apostle or Santiago.
Annmarie Morais
Annmarie Morais (born 1973 in Jamaica) is a Jamaican-Canadian screenwriter best known for writing the film How She Move. She earned a BFA from York University in Film and Video in 1995.

Morais won funding for two Vision TV Cultural Diversity Drama Competition movies: Hotel Babylon and Da Kink in My Hair, which aired on Vision in 2004 and 2005. Hotel Babylon is the story of immigrants working in a hotel in Winnipeg, Canada.  Kink was adapted from the Trey Anthony play about a beauty parlour in a Jamaican-Canadian neighbourhood. Morais was also a writer and story editor on the television series adapted from the play, which aired on Global in 2007.

VisionTV
VisionTV is a Canadian English language Category A specialty channel that broadcasts multi-faith, multicultural, and general entertainment programming aimed at the 45 and over demographic.

VisionTV is currently owned by ZoomerMedia, a company operated by Moses Znaimer. VisionTV's funding comes from cable subscription fees, viewer donations, advertising revenues and the sale of airtime to faith groups.
Bumpkin Island
Bumpkin Island, also known as Round Island, Bomkin Island, Bumkin Island, or Ward's Island,  is an island in the Hingham Bay area of the Boston Harbor. Bumpkin Island is part of Boston Harbor Islands National and State Park. The island has an area of 30 acres (12 ha), plus an intertidal zone of a further 31 acres (13 ha).  It is composed of a central drumlin with an elevation of 70 feet (21 m) above sea level, surrounded by a rock-strewn shoreline. A sand spit, exposed at low tide, connects the eastern end of the island to Sunset Point in Hull.

In 1902, Albert Burrage, a Boston philanthropist, had a summer hospital opened on the island for children with physical disabilities. During World War I the island was used by the U.S. Navy. Starting around 1940, the island was used as a facility for polio patients. However, the hospital closed during World War II and burned down in 1945.

Drumlin
A drumlin, from the Irish word droimnín ("little ridge"), first recorded in 1833, in the classical sense is an elongated hill in the shape of an inverted spoon or half-buried egg formed by glacial ice acting on underlying unconsolidated till or ground moraine. Assemblages of drumlins are referred to as fields or swarms; they can create a landscape which is often described as having a 'basket of eggs topography'.
Chuenisbärgli
Chuenisbärgli is a World Cup technical ski course (and a hill) in Switzerland at Adelboden in Bernese Oberland, opened in 1955.

The track runs on natural terrain and is used only for annual World Cup competitions, traditionally in early January. It is one of the oldest and most classic slopes in the circuit.

It is considered the most prestigious giant slalom in the world and among the most demanding, along with Alta Badia and Kranjska Gora.

Giant slalom
Giant slalom (GS) is an alpine skiing and alpine snowboarding competitive discipline. It involves racing between sets of poles ("gates") spaced at a greater distance from each other than in slalom, but less than in Super-G.

Giant slalom and slalom make up the technical events in alpine ski racing. This category separates them from the speed events of Super-G and downhill.  The technical events are normally composed of two runs, held on different courses on the same ski run.
Carole-Marie Allard
Carole-Marie Allard (September 6, 1949 – March 18, 2024) was a Canadian politician who served as a Liberal member of Canada's House of Commons. She represented the riding of Laval East from 2000 to 2004. She was Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister of Canadian Heritage, and a member of the Standing Committee on Justice and Human Rights and the vice-chair of the Special Committee on Non-medical use of drugs. She lost the 2004 election to Robert Carrier of the Bloc Québécois in the riding of Alfred-Pellan.

She was a lawyer, press attaché, designer, organizer and presenter of media management training programs, a spokesperson for a corporation, and she was journalist, writer and producer.

She was the stepmother of Mélanie Joly who is a member of the House of Commons of Canada representing Ahuntsic-Cartierville and also served as the Minister of Foreign Affairs in the government of Justin Trudeau.

Ministry of foreign affairs
In many countries, the ministry of foreign affairs (abbreviated as MFA or MOFA) is the highest government department exclusively or primarily responsible for the state's foreign policy and relations, diplomacy, bilateral, and multilateral relations affairs as well as for providing support, including consular services, for a country's citizens who are abroad. The entity is usually headed by a foreign minister or minister of foreign affairs (the title may vary, such as a secretary of state who has the same functions). The foreign minister typically reports to the head of government (such as prime minister or president).
British Mirpuris
The British Mirpuri (Urdu: برطانوی میرپوری ) community comprises people in the United Kingdom who originate from the Mirpur District and surrounding areas in Pakistan-administered Azad Jammu and Kashmir, thus being a part of the Mirpuri diaspora. While no accurate statistics are available, an estimated 60 to 80 per cent of British Pakistanis in England trace their origins to the administrative territory of Azad Kashmir in northeastern Pakistan, mainly from Dadyal, Mirpur, Kotli, Muzaffarabad and Bhimber districts.

Mirpuris started settling in Britain in the 1940s, transferring their workmanship on British merchant navy ships to the industrial needs of the growing British economy. The migration accelerated after construction of the Mangla Dam began in 1961, submerging vast areas of farmland in the Mirpur district.

Kotli District
Kotli District (Urdu: ضلع کوٹلی) is a district of Pakistan-administered Azad Kashmir in the disputed Kashmir region.  It is one of the 10 districts of Pakistan's dependent territory of Azad Kashmir.  It is bounded on the north by the Sudhanoti District and the Poonch District, on the north-east by the Poonch District of Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir, on the south by the Mirpur and Bhimber districts, and on the west by the Rawalpindi District on Pakistan's Punjab Province. Kotli is the largest district of Azad Kashmir by population and the second biggest by land area, after the Neelum District. The district headquarters is the city of Kotli. The main native languages are Pahari (estimated to be spoken by just under two thirds of the population), and Gujari (spoken by about a third of the population).
Paris by Night 59
Paris By Night 59: Cây Đa Bến Cũ is a Paris By Night TV program produced by Thúy Nga that was filmed at CBC Toronto Studios - Studio 40, Toronto, Canada in 2000. Nguyễn Ngọc Ngạn was the master of ceremonies for this program. This was a volume in the series Paris By Night that did not include a comedy skit or have something known as a "Hài Kịch". The DVD version of Paris By Night (number 59) required only a single disc, while the VHS version is a three-tape set. This program had no audience. On April 25, 2019, the show was uploaded in its entirety to the official Thúy Nga Productions YouTube channel.

Tuấn Ngọc
Lữ Anh Tuấn (born 4 October 1947) stage name Tuấn Ngọc is a Vietnamese singer. His first album appeared in 1990 and over the following 20 years, he has released 20 more albums, becoming one of the most recognised singers on Vietnamese TV.
Oscar Schmidt Inc.
Oscar Schmidt was a musical instrument manufacturing company established in 1871. During its long existence, Oscar Schmidt has produced a wide range of string instruments, not only guitars but also numerous models of parlour instruments such as autoharps, celtic harps, guitar zithers, the "guitarophone" (a zither/metal-disc playing hybrid), marxophones and bowed psalteries (or "ukelins").

Through its history, the company has changed its name several times, selling under the names "Oscar Schmidt Inc.," "Oscar Schmidt Musical House," "Manufacturers Advertising Company," "Oscar Schmidt-International Corporation," and "Oscar Schmidt-International, Inc.".

Products currently sold under the Oscar Schmidt brand are electric, acoustic and classical guitars, autoharps, banjos, ukuleles and mandolins. Oscar Schmidt is currently a brand of U.S. Music Corp, a subsidiary of Canadian corporate group Exertis | JAM.

Celtic harp
The Celtic  harp is a triangular frame harp traditional to the Celtic nations of northwest Europe. It is known as cláirseach in Irish, clàrsach in Scottish Gaelic, telenn in Breton and telyn in Welsh. In Ireland and Scotland, it was a wire-strung instrument requiring great skill and long practice to play, and was traditionally associated with the Gaelic nobility of Ireland. It appears on Irish coins, Guinness products, and the coat of arms of the Republic of Ireland, Montserrat, Canada and the United Kingdom.