hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Explosive antimony
Explosive antimony is an allotrope of the chemical element antimony that is so sensitive to shock that it explodes when scratched or subjected to sudden heating. The allotrope was first described in 1855.

Chemists form the allotrope through electrolysis of a concentrated solution of antimony trichloride in hydrochloric acid, which forms an amorphous glass. 
This glass contains significant amounts of halogen impurity at its boundaries.

When it explodes, the allotrope releases 24 calories (100 J) per gram. White fumes of antimony trichloride are produced and the elemental antimony reverts to its metallic form.

Electrolysis
In chemistry and manufacturing, electrolysis is a technique that uses direct electric current (DC) to drive an otherwise non-spontaneous chemical reaction. Electrolysis is commercially important as a stage in the separation of elements from naturally occurring sources such as ores using an electrolytic cell. The voltage that is needed for electrolysis to occur is called the decomposition potential. The word "lysis" means to separate or break, so in terms, electrolysis would mean "breakdown via electricity."
Giovanni Domenico Cassini
Giovanni Domenico Cassini  (8 June 1625 – 14 September 1712) was an Italian-French mathematician, astronomer, astrologer and engineer. Cassini was born in Perinaldo, near Imperia, at that time in the County of Nice, part of the Savoyard state. He discovered four satellites of Saturn and noted the division of its rings, later named the Cassini Division. Cassini was also the first of his family to begin work on the project of creating a topographic map of France. In addition, he also created the first scientific map of the Moon.

The Cassini space probe, launched in 1997, was named after him and became the fourth to visit Saturn and the first to orbit it.

Imperia
Imperia (pronounced [imˈpɛːrja] ⓘ; Ligurian: Inpêia [iŋˈpeːja] or Inpéria) is a coastal city and comune in the region of Liguria, Italy. It is the capital of the Province of Imperia, and historically it was capital of the Intemelia district of Liguria. Benito Mussolini created the city of Imperia on 21 October 1923 by combining Porto Maurizio and Oneglia, as well as the surrounding village communes of Piani, Caramagna Ligure, Castelvecchio di Santa Maria Maggiore, Borgo Sant'Agata, Costa d'Oneglia, Poggi, Torrazza, Moltedo and Montegrazie.

Imperia is well known for the cultivation of flowers and olives, and is a popular summer destination for visitors. The local Piscina Felice Cascione indoor pool has hosted numerous national and international aquatics events.
Mark Dudbridge
Mark "Flash" Dudbridge (born 11 January 1973) is an English professional darts player. He appeared in the 2005 Premier League Darts after reaching the final of the 2005 PDC World Darts Championship. He also is a former World Master and has reached the final of the World Matchplay.

World Matchplay (darts)
The World Matchplay, also known as the Betfred World Matchplay for sponsorship purposes, is a professional darts tournament and one of three legs of the Triple Crown. It is played in a legs format, and is run by the Professional Darts Corporation (PDC). Luke Littler is the current champion after winning the 2025 edition.
The Two Gladiators
The Two Gladiators (Italian: I due gladiatori, also known as Fight or Die) is a 1964 Italian peplum film directed by Mario Caiano and starring Richard Harrison.

In the film, the Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius fathered twin sons. It is decided that one son will become Aurelius' heir, while the other will be killed to avoid a potential succession crisis between two rival heirs. The senator tasked with infanticide has moral reservations against the practice, and he instead offers the infant to a foster family. Several years later, Commodus succeeds his father. The senator tries to use Commodus' estranged twin brother Lucius Crassus as a candidate for the throne. The two brothers are soon scheming against each other, in a conflict that ends in fratricide during gladiatorial combat.

Fratricide
Fratricide (from Latin  fratricidium; from  frater 'brother' and  -cīdium 'killing' – the assimilated root of caedere 'to kill, cut down') is the act of killing one's own brother.

It can either be done directly or via the use of either a hired or an indoctrinated intermediary (an assassin). The victim need not be the perpetrator's biological brother. In a military context, fratricide refers to a service member killing a comrade.

The term is often used metaphorically to refer to civil wars.
Ellison (crater)
Ellison is a lunar impact crater that lies on the far side of the Moon from the Earth. It is located just beyond the northwest limb of the Moon, to the southwest of the large walled plain Poczobutt. Due west of Ellison is the crater Coulomb.

The outer rim of Ellison is roughly circular, with an inward protrusion along the southern rim and a slight outward bulge to the wet-northwest. It has a single terrace on the northeastern inner wall, formed from the slumping of material. Instead of a central peak, there is a small crater located at the midpoint. A smaller crater is located just to the west-southwest of this centrally located formation, but the flat interior floor is otherwise devoid of features of interest.

Ellison lies at the approximate margin of the Coulomb-Sarton Basin, a 530 km wide impact crater of Pre-Nectarian age.

Pre-Nectarian
The pre-Nectarian period of the lunar geologic timescale runs from 4.533 billion years ago (the time of the initial formation of the Moon) to 3.920 billion years ago, when the Nectaris Basin was formed by a large impact. It is followed by the Nectarian period.
Tencent Dajia
Tencent Dajia (directly translated as Tencent Master; shortened to Dajia; 大家), also known as iPress, was an opinion blog founded by Tencent on December 15, 2012. It was shut down on February 19, 2020.

Jia Jia served as the editor-in-chief of Tencent Dajia. The blog used to bring together many Chinese liberal intellectuals.

Liberalism in China
Liberalism (simplified Chinese: 自由主义; traditional Chinese: 自由主義; pinyin: zìyóu zhǔyì) in Greater China is a development from classical liberalism as it was introduced into China during the later years of the Qing dynasty and the Republican period. It focuses more on individualism, rather than communitarianism; a common feature of conservatism in China. Prominent liberals were attacked in the early years of the People's Republic of China but liberal ideas became influential after the end of the Cultural Revolution.

In the People's Republic of China, liberal thought covers a significant range of intellectual currents. Among others, varieties of liberal thought in the PRC include the liberal Marxists of the 1980s and the neoliberals of the 1990s.
Amman Kovil Vaasalile
Amman Kovil Vaasalile (transl. Outside the Amman temple) is a 1996 Indian Tamil-language drama film, directed by Ramarajan and produced by S. Rajaram. The film stars Ramarajan, Sangita, Manivannan and Senthil. It was released on 9 February 1996.

Ramarajan
Kumaresan Ramaiyya, better knows as Ramarajan (born 18 October 1960) is an Indian film director, screenwriter, actor and politician. He is referred as "Makkal Nayagan" for acting and directing films on village-based subjects.
Leaf flushing
Leaf flushing or leaf out is the production of a flush of new leaves typically produced simultaneously on all branches of a bare plant or tree. Young leaves often have less chlorophyll and the leaf flush may be white or red, the latter due to presence of pigments, particularly anthocyanins. Leaf flushing succeeds leaf fall, and is delayed by winter in the temperate zone or by extreme dryness in the tropics. Leaf fall and leaf flushing in tropical deciduous forests can overlap in some species, called leaf-exchanging species, producing new leaves during the same period when old leaves are shed or almost immediately after. Leaf-flushing may be synchronized among trees of a single species or even across species in an area. In the seasonal tropics, leaf flushing phenology may be influenced by herbivory and water stress.

Chlorophyll
Chlorophyll is any of several related green pigments found in cyanobacteria and in the chloroplasts of algae and plants. Its name is derived from the Greek words χλωρός (khloros, "pale green") and φύλλον (phyllon, "leaf"). Chlorophyll allows plants to absorb energy from light. Those pigments are involved in oxygenic photosynthesis, as opposed to bacteriochlorophylls, related molecules found only in bacteria and involved in anoxygenic photosynthesis.

Chlorophylls absorb light most strongly in the blue portion of the electromagnetic spectrum as well as the red portion. Conversely, it is a poor absorber of green and near-green portions of the spectrum. Hence chlorophyll-containing tissues appear green because green light, diffusively reflected by structures like cell walls, is less absorbed. Two types of chlorophyll exist in the photosystems of green plants: chlorophyll a and b.
Vixen (telescopes)
Vixen is a Japanese company that makes telescopes, binoculars, spotting scopes and accessories for their products.

Among many other more mainstream products they have created two unusual varieties of catadioptric telescopes with an open tube design instead of the full-aperture corrector plate of the Schmidt–Cassegrain and most Maksutov–Cassegrain designs.

Lens
A lens is a transmissive optical device that focuses or disperses a light beam by means of refraction. A simple lens consists of a single piece of transparent material, while a compound lens consists of several simple lenses (elements), usually arranged along a common axis. Lenses are made from materials such as glass or plastic and are ground, polished, or molded to the required shape. A lens can focus light to form an image, unlike a prism, which refracts light without focusing. Devices that similarly focus or disperse waves and radiation other than visible light are also called "lenses", such as microwave lenses, electron lenses, acoustic lenses, or explosive lenses.

Lenses are used in various imaging devices such as telescopes, binoculars, and cameras. They are also used as visual aids in glasses to correct defects of vision such as myopia and hypermetropia.
Regular Army of the Georgian Democratic Republic
The Regular Army of the Democratic Republic of Georgia (Georgian: საქართველოს დემოკრატიული რესპუბლიკის რეგულარული არმია, romanized: sakartvelos demok'rat'iuli resp'ublik'is regularuli armia) was the military of the Democratic Republic of Georgia.

Telavi
Telavi (/təˈlɑːvi/; თელავი [t̪ʰeɫaβi]) is the main city and administrative center of the eastern Georgian province of Kakheti. As of the 2024 census, its population was 16,800. The city is located on the foothills of the Tsiv-Gombori Range at 500–800 m (1,600–2,600 ft) above sea level.
Marvin & Johnny
Marvin & Johnny were an American doo-wop duo that recorded in the 1950s. The duo comprised Marvin Phillips (born October 23, 1931) and Emory "Johnny" Perry (March 1, 1928 – January 6, 2011), who recorded the early doo-wop single, "Cherry Pie".

Doo-wop
Doo-wop (also spelled doowop and doo wop) is a subgenre of rhythm and blues music that originated in African-American communities during the 1940s, mainly in the large cities of the United States, including New York, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Chicago, Baltimore, Newark, Detroit, Washington, D.C., and Los Angeles. It features vocal group harmony that carries an engaging melodic line to a simple beat with little or no instrumentation. Lyrics are simple, usually about love, sung by a lead vocal over background vocals, and often featuring, in the bridge, a melodramatically heartfelt recitative addressed to the beloved. Harmonic singing of nonsense syllables (such as "doo-wop") is a common characteristic of these songs. Gaining popularity in the 1950s, doo-wop was commercially viable until the early 1960s and continued to influence performers in other genres.
South Oyster Bay
South Oyster Bay or East Bay is a lagoon and natural harbor along the western portion of the South Shore of Long Island, in New York, United States.

The harbor is formed by Jones Beach Island, a barrier island on the southern side of Long Island. It is approximately three miles (5 km) wide between the two islands, and approximately 15 mi (24 km) long. It links to Great South Bay on its eastern end and opens to the Atlantic Ocean through inlets on either side of Jones Beach Island.

The name refers to its history as one of the finest oyster beds in the world.

Oyster
Oyster is the common name for a number of different families of salt-water bivalve molluscs that live in marine or brackish habitats. In some species, the valves are highly calcified, and many are somewhat irregular in shape. Many, but not all oysters, are in the superfamily Ostreoidea.

Some species of oyster are commonly consumed and are regarded as a delicacy in some localities. Some types of pearl oysters are harvested for the pearl produced within the mantle. Others, such as the translucent windowpane oysters, are harvested for their shells.
Mangal Pandey: The Rising
Mangal Pandey: The Rising (internationally known as The Rising: Ballad of Mangal Pandey) is a 2005 Indian bio-historical action drama film based on the life of Mangal Pandey, an Indian soldier known for helping to spark the Indian Rebellion of 1857 (also known as The First War of Indian Independence).

It is directed by Ketan Mehta, produced by Bobby Bedi and with a screenplay by Farrukh Dhondy. The lead role is played by Aamir Khan, marking his comeback after he had gone into hiatus after Dil Chahta Hai (2001).

It premiered in the Marché du Film section of the 2005 Cannes Film Festival. It was the fourth highest-grossing Indian film of 2005.

Names of the Indian Rebellion of 1857
The Indian Rebellion of 1857 has been variously termed as a war of independence, a rebellion, and a mutiny. Several Indian writers, who consider it as a part of the Indian independence movement that ultimately led to the country's independence in 1947, have termed it as "The First War of Independence", the "great revolution", the "great rebellion", and the "Indian freedom struggle". Several British writers, who view it as a military disturbance, have termed it as "sepoy revolt", "sepoy war", "Indian rebellion", and the "great revolt". Since the 19th century, a section of British writers have challenged the choice of the word "mutiny" to describe the events.
Los Lobos Goes Disney
Los Lobos Goes Disney is a covers album by the Mexican American rock group Los Lobos, on which the band interprets songs from the Disney catalogue, most of which were featured in their animated films. It was released on 27 October 2009 through Disney Sound.

The album blends different musical styles across thirteen songs, such as rock and roll, surf-rock, Americana, country folk, Mexican norteño and Tejano music, Cajun, zydeco, ska, and blues jazz. Los Lobos saxophone player Steve Berlin said, "The kids record doesn't sound like a kids record. It just sounds like Los Lobos playing funky old songs."

Walt Disney Records
Walt Disney Records is an American record label owned by the Disney Music Group. The label releases soundtrack albums from the Walt Disney Company's motion picture studios, television shows, theme parks and traditional studio albums produced by its roster of pop, teen pop and country artists.

The music label was founded in the Spring of 1956 as Disneyland Records. Before that time, Disney recordings were licensed to a variety of other labels such as RCA, Decca, Capitol, ABC-Paramount, and United Artists. It was Disney Legend Jimmy Johnson who convinced Walt Disney’s brother Roy O. Disney that Disney, at time known as Walt Disney Productions should form their own record label. It adopted its current name in 1988 and is currently distributed worldwide by Universal Music Group.
Parish of Manly Cove
33°46′54″S 151°16′4″E﻿ / ﻿33.78167°S 151.26778°E﻿ / -33.78167; 151.26778

The Parish of Manly Cove is a civil parish of the County of Cumberland on the northern beaches of Sydney and covers numerous suburbs including Fairlight, Frenchs Forrest, Forestville, Kilarney Heights, Dee why, Davidson, Manly and Bookvale.

The boundaries of the parish are the Pacific Ocean to the east, Middle Harbour Creek to the west, Sydney Harbour to the south and Narrabeen Lagoon on the north. Much of the parish is residential in a nature with large tracts of National Park.

North
North is one of the four compass points or cardinal directions. It is the opposite of south and is perpendicular to east and west. North is a noun, adjective, or adverb indicating direction or geography.
Laurel Leaf Award
The Laurel Leaf Award recognizes the achievement of an individual or group in encouraging and fostering American music. The award has been presented annually by the American Composers Alliance, from 1951 through at least 2012. Past recipients of the award include the Juilliard String Quartet, the American Music Center, Leonard Slatkin, Minnesota Composers Forum (now known as American Composers Forum), Harold Rosenbaum, and Speculum Musicae.

Juilliard String Quartet
The Juilliard String Quartet (JSQ) is a classical music string quartet founded in 1946 at the Juilliard School in New York by William Schuman and Robert Mann. Since its inception, it has been the quartet-in-residence at the Juilliard School. It has received numerous awards, including four Grammys and membership in the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences Hall of Fame. In February 2011, the group received the NARAS Lifetime Achievement Award for its outstanding contributions to recorded classical music.

As of 2025, the quartet's members are violinists Areta Zhulla and Leonard Fu, violist Molly Carr, and cellist Astrid Schween.
Dioscorea bulbifera
Dioscorea bulbifera (commonly known as the air potato, air yam, bitter yam, cheeky yam, potato yam, aerial yam, and parsnip yam) is a species of true yam in the yam family, Dioscoreaceae. It is native to Africa, Asia and northern Australia. It is widely cultivated and has become naturalized in many regions.

Dioscoreaceae
Dioscoreaceae (/ˌdaɪəˌskɔːriˈeɪsii/) is a family of monocotyledonous flowering plants, with about 715 known species in nine genera. The best-known member of the family is the yam (some species of Dioscorea).

The APG system (1998) and APG II system (2003) both place it in the order Dioscoreales, in the clade monocots. However, the circumscription changed in the APG II system, with the 2003 system expanded to include the plants that in the 1998 system were treated in the families Taccaceae and Trichopodaceae.
Capitanio
Capitanio is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Aldo Capitanio (1952–2001), Italian comic book artist

Bartolomea Capitanio (1807–1833), Italian saint

Filippo Capitanio (born 1993), Italian footballer

Giulio Capitanio (born 1952), Italian cross-country skier

Giulio Capitanio
Giulio Capitanio (born Schilpario, 6 March 1952) was an Italian cross-country skier who competed in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Competing in three Winter Olympics in the 4 × 10 km relay, he earned his best finish of sixth at Lake Placid, New York, in 1980.

Capitanio's best World Cup finish was fourth in a 30 km event in Yugoslavia in 1983.
Bremner Wafer
Bremner Wafers are a water cracker made by the Bremner Biscuit Company. The company claims that the crackers "have a neutral taste" and that they are "perfect for pairing with a fine wine or savoring with cheese and pâté or seafood, soups and salads". It is because of this "neutral" taste that many wineries and food aficionados around the world prefer using the Bremner wafer as a wine tasting cracker. This neutral taste, however, is seen as a drawback by some because it means the crackers are nearly tasteless when eaten alone.

As of December 2023 the Bremner Wafer product has been discontinued.

Pâté
Pâté (UK: /ˈpæteɪ/ PAT-ay, US: /pæˈteɪ, pɑː-/ pa(h)-TAY, French: [pɑte] ⓘ) is a forcemeat. Originally, the dish was cooked in a pastry case and called pâté en croute; in more recent times it is more usually cooked without pastry in a terrine, and called pâté en terrine or simply terrine. Various ingredients are used, which may include meat from pork, poultry, fish or beef; fat; vegetables; herbs; spices; wine; and brandy.
VIC (TV series)
VIC (Chinese: 维多利亚的模力) is a Toggle Original drama series. It was originally released on Toggle on Thursdays, and later aired on Mediacorp Channel U on Sundays. The show depicts the media and modelling industry, and contains some supernatural elements. It was the first Toggle Original Series to be nominated for Best Drama Serial, Best Theme Song and Best Actress for Star Awards. It stars model-actress Sheila Sim, Carrie Wong, Desmond Tan, Irene Ang, Steven Chiang, Jasmine Sim and Cheryl Chou as the main cast. The cast also includes real-life models and past contestants of Miss Universe Singapore.

Star Awards for Best Drama Serial
The Star Awards for Best Drama Serial is an award presented annually at the Star Awards, established in 1994.

The category was introduced in 1996 at the 3rd Star Awards ceremony, where Tofu Street received the award. It honors a Mediacorp drama serial for outstanding overall performance. Nominees are determined by a panel of judges employed by Mediacorp, and winners are selected through a majority vote by the entire judging panel.

Since its inception, the award has been presented to 26 drama serials, with 14 receiving multiple nominations. Unforgivable was the most recent winner in this category. Among all awarded dramas, The Dream Makers is the only drama serial to have won this category twice. Additionally, C.L.I.F. holds the record for the most nominations (five) without a win.
Varappuzha
Varappuzha, IPA: [ʋɐɾɐːpːuɻɐ], (formerly known as Verapoly) is a northern suburb of the city of Kochi. It is a census town in Paravur Taluk, Ernakulam district in the Indian state of Kerala. Situated around 15 km (9 mi) from the city centre and 8 km (5 mi) from Edapally, the areas lies in the NH 66 connecting Vytilla with North Paravur. Its specialty is that considerably large-scale paddy cultivating area is situating western part of Varapuzha which is called Devaswompadam, specialised with Pokkali paddy cultivation and interim crop as fish cultivation locally called 'Kettu'. The common work of the natives are fishing and agriculture. Varapuzha is known for its fish market (Chettibagam market).

The Varapuzha Bridge (Near Historical Varapuzha Island) connects Varapuzha (Mannantturuthu) with the neighboring Cheranallur.

Edappally
Edappally or Idappalli is a region in the city of Kochi, Kerala, India. It is a major commercial centre as well as a prominent residential region. Edappally junction is one of the busiest junctions in the city.
Egg sandwich
An egg sandwich is a sandwich with some kind of cooked egg filling. Fried eggs, scrambled eggs, omelette, sliced boiled eggs and egg salad (a mix of chopped cooked egg and mustard and mayonnaise) are popular options. In the last case, it may be called an egg salad sandwich.

Fried egg
A fried egg is a cooked dish made from one or more eggs which are removed from their shells and placed into a frying pan and cooked. They are traditionally eaten for breakfast or brunch in many countries but may also be served at other times of the day.