hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Street names of Westminster
This is a list of the etymology of street names in the London district of Westminster. The Westminster area (as distinct from the Council area) has no formally defined boundaries - those utilised here are the generally accepted boundaries of: The Mall and Northumberland Avenue to the north, the river Thames and Victoria Embankment/Millbank to the east, Vauxhall Bridge Road to the south and Buckingham Gate, Buckingham Palace Road and Bressenden Place to the west. For convenience Constitution Hill and Spur Road in the Royal Parks, and the area around the Wellington Arch, are included here, as are the streets in the Leicester Square area.

The Royal Parks
The Royal Parks make up land that was originally used for the recreation, mostly hunting, by the royal family. They are part of the hereditary possessions of The Crown, now managed by The Royal Parks, a charity which manages eight royal parks and certain other areas of parkland in London. The Royal Parks charity was created as a company limited by guarantee in March 2017 and officially launched in July 2017. Its chief executive is Andrew Scattergood.

The charity took over the main responsibilities of management from the Royal Parks Agency – a former executive agency of the Department for Culture, Media and Sport – and from the Royal Parks Foundation, which was a separate charity.
National Health Insurance Act, 2023
The National Health Insurance Act, 2023 (Act No. 20 of 2023) is an act of the Parliament of South Africa, which establishes a South African national health insurance system, commonly referred to as NHI, with the aim of "pooling public revenue in order to actively and strategically purchase health care services" and creating a "single framework throughout the Republic for the public funding and public purchasing of health care services, medicines, health goods and health related products". The purpose of the act is to establish and maintain a National Health Insurance Fund that will serve as the "single purchaser and single payer" of health care services.

The National Health Insurance Bill was passed by the National Assembly of South Africa on 13 June 2023 and the National Council of Provinces on 6 December 2023. President Cyril Ramaphosa signed the Bill into law on 15 May 2024 The Act will take effect on a date fixed by the President by proclamation in the Government Gazette.

Parliament of South Africa
The Parliament of the Republic of South Africa is South Africa's legislature. It is located in Cape Town; the country's legislative capital.

Under the present Constitution of South Africa, the bicameral Parliament comprises a National Assembly and a National Council of Provinces. The current twenty-eighth Parliament was first convened on 14 June 2024.

From 1910 to 1994, members of Parliament were elected chiefly by the South African white minority.  The first elections with universal suffrage were held in 1994.

Both chambers held their meetings in the Houses of Parliament, Cape Town that were built 1875–1884. A fire broke out within the buildings in early January 2022, destroying the session room of the National Assembly. It was decided that, during construction work at Parliament, the National Assembly would temporarily meet at the Good Hope Chamber.
Berberism
Berberism is a Berber ethnonationalist movement that started in Kabylia in Algeria during the French colonial era with the Kabyle myth, largely driven by colonial capitalism and France's divide and conquer policy. The Berberist movement originally manifested itself as anti-Arab racism, Islamophobia, and Francophilia, that was sanctioned and sponsored by French colonial authorities. The movement later spread to other Berber communities in the Maghreb region of North Africa and was facilitated by colonial policies such as the Berber Dahir in Morocco. The Berberist movement in Algeria and Morocco is in opposition to cultural Arabization, pan-Arabism, and Islamism. Some Berberist movements, particularly those in the diaspora such as MAK, may pursue separatist agendas aimed at secession from Maghrebi states.

Pan-Arabism
Pan-Arabism (Arabic: الوحدة العربية, romanized: al-waḥda al-ʿarabiyyah, lit. 'Arab unity') is a pan-nationalist ideology that espouses the unification of all Arab people in a single nation-state, consisting of all Arab countries of West Asia and North Africa from the Atlantic Ocean to the Arabian Sea, which is referred to as the Arab world. It is closely connected to Arab nationalism, which asserts the view that the Arabs constitute a single nation. It originated in the late 19th century among the Arab regions of the Ottoman Empire, and its popularity reached its height during the peak of Nasserism and Ba'athism in the 1950s and 1960s. Advocates of pan-Arabism have often espoused Arab socialist principles and strongly opposed the political involvement of the Western world in the Arab world. It also sought to empower Arab states against outside forces by forming alliances such as the Arab League.
Seyyed Mohammad Hojjat Kooh Kamari
Seyyed Mohammad Hojjat Kooh Kamari (Persian: سید محمد حجت کوه‌کمری‎; 1893–1953) was a contemporary Iranian Muslim Faqīh and a Twelver Marja' who was in charge of the administration of the Qom Seminary for ten years. He was born on 17 March 1893 and died on 19 January 1953. He was a prominent student of Abdul-Karim Haeri Yazdi and after him held the position of Shia authority.

Abu l-Hasan al-Isfahani
Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Abu al-Hasan Musawi Isfahani (Persian: ابوالحسن موسوی اصفهانی) (Arabic: أبوالحسن الموسوي الأصفهاني); 1861 – November 4, 1946) was an Iranian Shia marja'.

Isfahani became the leading marja' of the Shia world after the death of Muhammad-Hussein Naini.
Knežak
Knežak (pronounced [knɛˈʒaːk]; German: Grafenbrunn, Italian: Fontana del Conte) is a village on the main road from Postojna to Ilirska Bistrica in the Inner Carniola region of Slovenia. It belongs to the Municipality of Ilirska Bistrica.

The parish church in the settlement is dedicated to the Assumption of Mary and belongs to the Koper Diocese.

The poet, composer, and playwright Miroslav Vilhar (1818–1871) is buried in Knežak.

Postojna
Postojna (pronounced [pɔˈstóːjna] ⓘ; German: Adelsberg, Italian: Postumia) is a town in the traditional region of Inner Carniola, 35 kilometers (22 mi) from Trieste, in southwestern Slovenia. It is the seat of the Municipality of Postojna. It includes the hamlet of Ravbarkomanda (sometimes also spelled Ravberkomanda, German: Räubercommando) to the northeast.
Kundratice
Kundratice is a municipality and village in Žďár nad Sázavou District in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants.

Kundratice lies approximately 24 kilometres (15 mi) south-east of Žďár nad Sázavou, 40 km (25 mi) east of Jihlava, and 146 km (91 mi) south-east of Prague.

Žďár nad Sázavou
Žďár nad Sázavou (Czech pronunciation: [ˈʒɟaːr ˈnat saːzavou]; German: Saar) is a town in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 20,000 inhabitants. The town is an industrial and tourist centre. It is known for the Pilgrimage Church of Saint John of Nepomuk, which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Task Force Argos
Task Force Argos is a branch of the Queensland Police Service, responsible for the investigation of online child exploitation and abuse. Founded in 1997, the unit's original charter was to investigate institutional child abuse allegations arising from the Forde Inquiry.

The unit's name was derived from Greek mythology, in which Argus Panoptes, or Argos, was a primordial "all seeing" giant with multiple eyes, guardian of the goddess Io. As protector of the goddess, Argos was great and strong: sleep never fell upon his eyes, and he kept sure watch always.

Technological advances and wider access to the Internet led the unit in 2002 to explore avenues to address growing community concern over the proliferation of child exploitation across the internet. Argos identified potential threats to children in online chat rooms, where sexual predators were grooming children and recruiting them to engage in sexual activity.

Argus Panoptes
Argus or Argos Panoptes (Ancient Greek: Ἄργος Πανόπτης, "All-seeing Argos") is a many-eyed giant in Greek mythology. Known for his perpetual vigilance, he served the goddess Hera as a watchman. His most famous task was guarding Io, a priestess of Hera, whom Zeus had transformed into a heifer. Argus's constant watch, with some of his eyes always open, made him a formidable guardian. His eventual slaying by Hermes, on Zeus's orders, is a prominent episode in the myths surrounding him, and his eyes were then incorporated into the peacock's tail by Hera in his honor.
White Sister (band)
White Sister was an American hard rock and AOR band formed in 1980. Their song "Save Me Tonight" appeared on the soundtrack album for the 1985 Columbia Pictures film, Fright Night. Their song "April" can be heard in the 1986 Metro-Goldwyn Mayer film, Killer Party. The band also performs in the movie. The band recorded the song "Touch the Sky" which can be heard in the 1986 film Thrashin' starring Josh Brolin. Their song "Dancin' on Midnight" appeared on the soundtrack album for the 1989 Magnum Pictures film Halloween 5: The Revenge of Michael Myers. Their song "Fashion by Passion" appeared on the soundtrack album for Touchstone Pictures film Stella (1990) starring Bette Midler.

Stella (1990 film)
Stella is a 1990 American drama film produced by The Samuel Goldwyn Company and released by Touchstone Pictures. The screenplay by Robert Getchell is the third feature film adaptation of the 1923 novel Stella Dallas by Olive Higgins Prouty. Previous film versions were Stella Dallas (1937) and the silent film Stella Dallas (1925).

The title character Stella Claire is an extrovert, flamboyant single mother living in Watertown, New York, who is determined to give her daughter, Jenny, all of the opportunities that she never had, ultimately makes a selfless sacrifice to ensure her happiness. This film version differs from earlier versions in that Stella never marries the father of her child Dr. Stephen Dallas and in fact declines his proposal early in the film.

John Erman directed a cast that included Bette Midler as Stella and Trini Alvarado as Jenny, with John Goodman, Stephen Collins, Marsha Mason, Eileen Brennan, Linda Hart, Ben Stiller, and William McNamara in supporting roles.
1969 Georgia 500 (November 1969)
The 1969 Georgia 500 was a NASCAR Grand National Series event that was held on November 9, 1969, at Middle Georgia Raceway in Byron, Georgia.

The transition to purpose-built racecars began in the early 1960s and occurred gradually over that decade.  Changes made to the sport by the late 1960s brought an end to the "strictly stock" vehicles of the 1950s.

Byron, Georgia
Byron is a city located primarily in Peach County, Georgia, United States. A small portion of the city also extends into parts of Houston and Crawford counties. As of the 2020 census, Byron had a population of 5,702. The city is in the Warner Robins metropolitan statistical area.

Byron was home to the Middle Georgia Raceway, an auto racetrack that hosted NASCAR races and the filming of TV commercials and a feature movie. From July 3–5, 1970, in a field next to the raceway, the Atlanta International Pop Festival was held, which was the largest gathering in Georgia history until the 1996 Olympics in Atlanta. On September 15, 2012, an official Georgia Historical Society marker was placed near the raceway site to commemorate the festival.
Descurainia torulosa
Descurainia torulosa is a species of flowering plant in the family Brassicaceae known by the common names Wyoming tansymustard and Wind River tansymustard. It is endemic to Wyoming in the United States, where it is found in the Absaroka Range and some buttes in the Great Divide Basin.

This perennial or sometimes annual herb has hairy stems up to 15 centimeters long. The leaves are pinnate, divided into several lobes. The inflorescence is a raceme of flowers with yellowish sepals and four yellow petals. The fruit is a narrow silique which is torulose, or constricted between the seeds. Blooming occurs in June and July.

This plant grows on steep slopes, talus, and the sandy areas at the bases of cliffs.

Silique
A silique or siliqua (pl. siliques or siliquae) is a type of fruit (seed capsule) having two fused carpels with the length being more than three times the width. When the length is less than three times the width of the dried fruit it is referred to as a silicle. The outer walls of the ovary (the valves) usually separate when ripe, then being named dehiscent, and leaving a persistent partition (the replum). Siliques are present in many members of the mustard family, Brassicaceae, but some species have silicles instead. Some species closely related to plants with true siliques have fruits with a similar structure that do not open when ripe; these are usually called indehiscent siliques (compare dehiscence).

Silicles of Lunaria annua – MHNT

Capsella bursa-pastoris with silicles

Indehiscent siliques of radish Raphanus sativus

Silique with seeds of Cardamine occulta

Siliques of the broccoli plant.
Kevin Savigar
Kevin Savigar (born 9 November 1956) is an English session keyboardist, record producer, songwriter, and composer based in Los Angeles, CA.  Perhaps most recognised for his longtime collaboration with Rod Stewart, Savigar has also contributed to a wide range of recordings for artists such as Bob Dylan, George Harrison, John Mellencamp, Pat Benatar, Marilyn Manson, Willie Nelson, Randy Newman, Sinéad O'Connor, and Peter Frampton among others.

Josh Gracin
Joshua Mario Gracin (/ˈɡreɪsɪn/; born October 18, 1980) is an American country music singer. He first gained public attention as the fourth-place finalist on the second season of American Idol. His self-titled debut album was released in 2004. It produced a number one hit, "Nothin' to Lose", and two more top five hits on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks charts, and was certified gold. His second album, We Weren't Crazy, followed in 2008. This album produced five more chart singles.
Valgejõe
Valgejõe is a village in Kuusalu Parish, Harju County, in northern Estonia. It is located on the crossing of the Tallinn–Narva road (part of the E20) and the Valgejõgi River.

Valgejõe (white river) dates from the 13th century, located initially in today's Vanaküla (old village). In the early 17th century the centre of the village shifted some kilometers south to the area of Tallinn-Narva road river crossing and the tavern. In north from Vanaküla split Parksi and Nõmmeveski. Situated on the historic division line of Harju and Viru counties the local administrative borders have constantly changed here. Since the 1939 reform however, when the county border skipped a few kilometers eastward, Valgejõe, Vanaküla and Parksi lands were moved between multiple different administrative units, but always together. That has laid basis for emergence of historic triple village.

Harju County
Harju County (Estonian: Harju maakond or Harjumaa) is one of the fifteen counties of Estonia. It is located in northern Estonia, on the southern coast of the Gulf of Finland, and it borders Lääne-Viru County to the east, Järva County to the southeast, Rapla County to the south, and Lääne County to the southwest. The capital and largest city of Estonia, Tallinn, is located in Harju County. Harju is the largest county in Estonia in terms of population, as almost half (45%) of Estonia's population lives in Harju County.
Brahma (given name)
Brahma is a masculine given name which is borne by:

Brahma Chellaney (born 1962), Indian geostrategist and columnist

Brahma Nath Katju (born 1927), Indian judge, Chief Justice of the Allahabad High Court

Brahma Prakash, 21st century Indian cultural theorist, writer and academic

Brahma Singh (1941–2023), Indian horticultural scientist

Brahma Chellaney
Brahma Chellaney (born 18 January 1962) is an Indian geostrategist and columnist. He is a professor of strategic studies at the Centre for Policy Research in New Delhi; a Richard von Weizsäcker Fellow of the Robert Bosch Academy in Berlin; and an affiliate with the International Centre for the Study of Radicalization at King’s College London. He was a member of India's National Security Advisory Board and an author of its draft nuclear doctrine. He is a regular columnist for Project Syndicate, and writes for numerous other international publications.
A Rock and a Hard Place (film)
A Rock and a Hard Place is a Canadian documentary film, directed by Cliff Caines and released in 2015. The film is a portrait of the gold mining industry in Caines' hometown of Red Lake, depicting both the mining process itself and the thoughts of community members around proposals to demolish parts of the community to facilitate further exploration of gold deposits.

The film premiered at the 2015 DOXA Documentary Film Festival, where it received an honorable mention from the Colin Low Award jury.

DOXA Documentary Film Festival
The DOXA Documentary Film Festival is a documentary film festival based in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. It is held annually held for 10 days in May, and is presented by The Documentary Media Society, a non-profit organization.

The festival was staged for the first time in 2000. Originally intended as a once-only event, by the time of its launch the organizers had decided to organize a permanent biennial festival; following the second festival in 2002, it became an annual event thereafter.
Mallotus (plant)
Mallotus is a genus of the spurge family Euphorbiaceae first described as a genus in 1790. Two species (M. oppositifolius and M. subulatus) are found in tropical Africa and Madagascar, while all others are found in East Asia, the Indian Subcontinent, Southeast Asia, eastern Australia, and certain islands of the western Pacific. The genus has about 150 species of dioecious trees or shrubs.

Euphorbiaceae
Euphorbiaceae (/juːˈfɔːrbiˌeɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/), the spurge family, is a large family of flowering plants. In English, they are also commonly called euphorbias, which is also the name of the type genus of the family. Most spurges, such as Euphorbia paralias, are herbs, but some, especially in the tropics, are shrubs or trees, such as Hevea brasiliensis. Some, such as Euphorbia canariensis,: 206  are succulent and resemble cacti because of convergent evolution. This family has a cosmopolitan global distribution. The greatest diversity of species is in the tropics; however, the Euphorbiaceae also have many species in nontropical areas of all continents except Antarctica.
Religion in Bolivia
Christianity is the predominant religion in Bolivia, with Catholicism being its largest denomination. Before the arrival of Spanish missionaries, the people residing in the territory of modern day Bolivia practiced a variety of faiths.

Bolivia is a secular nation and its constitution guarantees freedom of religion. In the decades following the Second Vatican Council (1962–65), the Catholic Church has tried to play a more active role in the country's social life.

Spiritual Assembly
Spiritual Assembly is a term given by ʻAbdu'l-Bahá to refer to elected councils that govern the Baháʼí Faith. Because the Baháʼí Faith has no clergy, they carry out the affairs of the community.  In addition to existing at the local level, there are national Spiritual Assemblies (although "national" in some cases refers to a portion of a country or to a group of countries). Spiritual Assemblies form part of the elected branch of the Baháʼí administration.
USS Chimo (ACM-1)
The second USS  Chimo (ACM-1) was the lead ship of her class of minelayers in the United States Navy during World War II.

Chimo was built as USAMP Colonel Charles W. Bundy for the U.S. Army Mine Planter Service by Marietta Manufacturing Co., Point Pleasant, West Virginia; converted at Norfolk Navy Yard; acquired by the U.S. Navy on 7 April 1944; commissioned the same day and reported to the Atlantic Fleet.

Norfolk Naval Shipyard
The Norfolk Naval Shipyard, often called the Norfolk Navy Yard and abbreviated as NNSY, is a U.S. Navy facility in Portsmouth, Virginia. It was created for building, remodeling and repairing the United States Navy's ships. It is the oldest and largest industrial facility that belongs to the U.S. Navy as well as the most comprehensive. Located on the Elizabeth River, the yard is just a short distance upriver from its mouth at Hampton Roads.

It was established as Gosport Shipyard in 1767. Though it was destroyed during the American Revolutionary War, it was rebuilt and became home to the first operational drydock in the United States in the 1830s. Changing hands during the American Civil War, it served the Confederate States Navy until it was again destroyed in 1862, when it was given its current name. The shipyard was again rebuilt, and has continued to operate through the present day.
2021 St. Petersburg Open
The 2021 St. Petersburg Open was a tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the 26th edition of the St. Petersburg Open, and part of the ATP World Tour 250 Series of the 2021 ATP Tour. It took place at the Sibur Arena in Saint Petersburg, Russia, from October 25 through 31, 2021.

ATP 250 tournaments
The ATP 250 tournaments are the lowest tier of annual men's tennis tournaments on the main ATP Tour, after the four Grand Slam tournaments, ATP Finals, ATP Masters 1000 tournaments, and ATP 500 tournaments. The winners of each tournament are awarded 250 ranking points—which accounts for the name of the series.

As of 2026, the series included 30 tournaments after the retirement of four tournaments (Atlanta, Córdoba, Lyon and Metz), the downgrade of two in 2025 (Estoril for a year, and Newport) and the upgrade of three tournaments to the 500 level (Dallas, Doha and Munich). Draws usually consist of 28 for singles, with Brisbane International (32) and Winston-Salem Open (48) being the only exceptions. Doubles draws consist of 16 teams.

Thomas Muster holds the record for most singles titles at 26, while Mike Bryan holds the record for most doubles titles won with 46.
Boxing at the 1972 Summer Olympics – Light flyweight
The men's light flyweight event was part of the boxing programme at the 1972 Summer Olympics.  The weight class was the lightest contested, and allowed boxers of up to 48 kilograms to compete. The competition was held from 28 August to 10 September 1972. 31 boxers from 31 nations competed.

György Gedó
György Gedó (born 23 April 1949) is a retired Hungarian light-flyweight boxer. He competed in the 1968, 1972, 1976 and 1980 Olympics and won a gold medal in 1972. He was the European light-flyweight champion in 1969 and 1971. Gedó is Jewish.
Kopačka (folklore ensemble)
Kopačka (Macedonian: Копачка) is a folklore musical ensemble from Dramče, North Macedonia. Founded in 1948, it is the oldest of its kind in North Macedonia, even older than the most famous Macedonian folklore ensemble Tanec, which was founded in 1949. The ensemble is best known for the dance with the same name Kopačka.

In November 2008, the Kopačka ensemble marked its 60 years jubilee. There was also a guest ensemble from Melnik, Bulgaria.

Melnik, Bulgaria
Melnik (Bulgarian: Мелник [ˈmɛɫnik], Greek: Μελένικο, Meleniko) is a town in Blagoevgrad Province, Southwestern Bulgaria, in the Southwestern Pirin Mountains, about 440 m above sea level. The town is an architectural reserve and 96 of its buildings are cultural monuments. With a population of 385, it is the smallest town in Bulgaria, retaining its town status today for historical reasons. It is situated on the foothills of the Pirin mountain range and is overlooked by the Melnik Earth Pyramids.