hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Russell Earl Marker
Russell Earl Marker (March 12, 1902 – March 3, 1995) was an American chemist who invented the octane rating system when he was working at the Ethyl Corporation.  Later in his career, he went on to found a steroid industry in Mexico when he successfully made semisynthetic progesterone from chemical constituents found in Mexican yams in a process known as Marker degradation. This eventually led to the development at Syntex of the combined oral contraceptive pill and synthetic cortisone – and to the development of the Mexican barbasco trade.

Steroid
A steroid is an organic compound with four fused rings (designated A, B, C, and D) arranged in a specific molecular configuration.

Steroids have two principal biological functions: as important components of cell membranes that alter membrane fluidity; and as signaling molecules. Examples include the lipid cholesterol, sex hormones estradiol and testosterone,: 10–19  anabolic steroids, and the anti-inflammatory corticosteroid drug dexamethasone. Hundreds of steroids are found in fungi, plants, and animals. All steroids are manufactured in cells from a sterol: cholesterol (animals), lanosterol (opisthokonts), or cycloartenol (plants). All three of these molecules are produced via cyclization of the triterpene squalene.
W16 engine
A W16 engine is a sixteen-cylinder piston engine with four banks of four cylinders in a W configuration.

W16 engines are rarely produced, with the notable exception of the Volkswagen Group 8.0 WR16 engine, which has been used since 2005 in the Bugatti Veyron, Bugatti Chiron and their related models.

Reciprocating engine
C. Crankshaft

E. Exhaust camshaft

I. Intake camshaft

P. Piston

R. Connecting rod

S. Spark plug

W. Water jacket for coolant flow

V. Valves

A reciprocating engine, more often known as a piston engine, is a heat engine that uses one or more reciprocating pistons to convert high temperature and high pressure into a rotating motion. This article describes the common features of all types. The main types are: the internal combustion engine, used extensively in motor vehicles; the steam engine, the mainstay of the Industrial Revolution; and the Stirling engine for niche applications. Internal combustion engines are further classified in two ways: either a spark-ignition (SI) engine, where the spark plug initiates the combustion; or a compression-ignition (CI) engine, where the air within the cylinder is compressed, thus heating it, so that the heated air ignites fuel that is injected then, in a diesel engine, or earlier, in a hot bulb engine.
Brad Guigar
Brad Guigar (/ˈɡaɪɡər/, GY-gər; born April 9, 1969) is the cartoonist of Evil Inc and the editor of The Webcomics Handbook on Substack. He is a co-host of the podcast ComicLab and the The Wrong Way… show on YouTube. He has been nominated for various Reubens, an Eisner, and won a Ringo Award.

Philadelphia Daily News
Philadelphia Daily News is a tabloid newspaper that serves Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The newspaper is owned by The Philadelphia Inquirer, LLC, and is published as an edition of The Philadelphia Inquirer.

The Daily News began publishing on March 31, 1925, under founding editor Lee Ellmaker. By 1930, the newspaper's circulation exceeded 200,000, but by the 1950s the news paper was losing money. In 1954, the newspaper was sold to Matthew McCloskey and then sold again in 1957 to publisher Walter Annenberg.

In 1969, Annenberg sold the Daily News to Knight Ridder. In 2006 Knight Ridder sold the paper to a group of local investors, and it later became part of Philadelphia Media Network (PMN) with The Inquirer. PMN was donated to The Philadelphia Foundation in 2016, and the Daily News became an edition of The Inquirer in 2019. The Daily News has won three Pulitzer Prizes.
Naotaka Takehara
Naotaka Takehara (竹原 直隆, Takehara Naotaka; born April 21, 1980　in Okayama, Okayama, Japan) is a Japanese professional baseball outfielder for the Saitama Seibu Lions in Japan's Nippon Professional Baseball.

Saitama Seibu Lions
The Saitama Seibu Lions (埼玉西武ライオンズ, Saitama Seibu Raionzu) are a professional baseball team in Japan's Pacific League based north of Tokyo in Tokorozawa, Saitama Prefecture. Before 1979, they were based in Fukuoka, Fukuoka Prefecture, in Kyushu. The team is owned by a subsidiary of Seibu Railway, which in turn is owned by the Seibu Holdings. The team experienced a recent period of financial difficulty, but the situation brightened when the team received a record ¥6 billion (about $51.11 million) posting fee from the Boston Red Sox for the right to negotiate a contract with Daisuke Matsuzaka. Between 1978 and 2008, the team logo and mascot were based on the adult version of Kimba the White Lion, a classic Japanese anime and manga series by Osamu Tezuka. In 2004, former Seibu Lions player Kazuo Matsui became the first Japanese infielder to play in Major League Baseball.
Uno sguardo dal ponte
Uno sguardo dal ponte is an opera in two acts by composer Renzo Rossellini to an Italian-language libretto by Gerardo Guerrieri which is based on Arthur Miller's play A View from the Bridge. The opera premiered at the Teatro dell'Opera di Roma on 11 March 1961, using a staging by Franco Rossellini, the composer's son. The premiere cast included Clara Petrella, Gianna Galli, Alfredo Kraus, Giuseppe Valdengo, and Nicola Rossi-Lemeni. It was subsequently staged in Frankfurt, Barcelona, Zagreb and several Italian cities.The Philadelphia Lyric Opera Company presented the United States premiere of the opera on 17 October 1967 with Rossi-Lemeni as Eddie Carbone, Gloria Lane as Beatrice, Galli as Catherine, Mario Basiola as the lawyer Alfieri; Anton Guadagno conducted and the direction and stage set was as in the European performances.

Gianna Galli
Gianna Galli (29 April 1935 – 22 December 2010) was an Italian operatic soprano who had an active international career from the 1950s through the 1970s. She specialized in the lyric soprano repertoire and was particularly known for her portrayals of Puccini heroines.
2000–01 Liga Alef
The 2000–01 Liga Alef season saw Hapoel Ironi Kiryat Shmona (champions of the North Division) and Maccabi Yavne (champions of the South Division) winning the title and promotion to Liga Artzit.

At the bottom, Maccabi Isfiya, Hapoel Iksal (from North division), Hapoel Ihud Tzeirei Jaffa and Sektzia Nes Tziona (from South division) were all automatically relegated to Liga Bet.

2001–02 Liga Artzit
The 2001–02 Liga Artzit season saw Hapoel Jerusalem win the title and promotion to Liga Leumit alongside runners-up Hapoel Nazareth Illit. Hapoel Tayibe (following a points deduction) and Maccabi Yavne were relegated to Liga Alef.
Freddie Crump
Freddie Crump, also referred to as Freddy Crump, Fred Crump and Rastus Crump (died May 4, 1979, in Holland) was a drummer from the United States. He performed in various vaudeville productions including with Gonzelle White in Cuba, performed in Europe, and was featured in several films. He was African American.

George in Civvy Street
George in Civvy Street is a 1946 British comedy film directed and produced by Marcel Varnel starring George Formby with Ronald Shiner, and Ian Fleming. It was made by the British subsidiary of Columbia Pictures. This was Formby's last big screen appearance. After the film was unsuccessful at the box office, he resumed his career in the music hall. The working title for the film was "Remember the Unicorn".
The English Patient (soundtrack)
The English Patient is the original soundtrack, on the Fantasy Records label, of the 1996 Academy Award- and Golden Globe-winning film The English Patient starring Ralph Fiennes, Kristin Scott Thomas, Willem Dafoe, Juliette Binoche and Colin Firth. The original score and songs were composed by Gabriel Yared.

The Academy of St Martin in the Fields is conducted by Harry Rabinowitz, with piano solos by John Constable, recorded at Air Studios, London, and at YAD Music, Paris. The Shepheard's Hotel Jazz Orchestra, conducted by Ronnie Hazelhurst, was recorded at Angel Recording Studios, London.

The album won the four major soundtrack awards: the Academy Award (Best Dramatic Score), the Golden Globe (Best Original Score), the BAFTA Award (Best Film Music) and the Grammy Award (Best Instrumental Composition Written for a Motion Picture or for Television).

Harry Rabinowitz
Harry Rabinowitz MBE (26 March 1916 – 22 June 2016) was a South African-British conductor and composer of film and television music. Born in Johannesburg, South Africa, he was the son of Israel and Eva Rabinowitz. He was educated at the University of the Witwatersrand and at London's Guildhall School of Music and Drama.
Young Hearts Run Free
"Young Hearts Run Free" is a disco song written by David Crawford and originally recorded by American soul singer Candi Staton in 1976. In 1996, it was covered by American house music singer Kym Mazelle for the triple-platinum selling soundtrack of Romeo + Juliet. In 1999, Staton released a new version which charted in Europe. In 2005, a cover recorded by Gloria Estefan was released for the soundtrack Music from and Inspired by Desperate Housewives.

Nellee Hooper
Paul Andrew "Nellee" Hooper (born 15 March 1963) is a British record producer, remixer and songwriter known for his work with many major recording artists beginning in the late 1980s. He also debuted as a motion picture music composer with Scottish composer Craig Armstrong and Marius de Vries for the soundtrack for Baz Luhrmann's Romeo + Juliet in 1996.

Hooper has produced seven Grammy Award-winning recordings for artists including Smashing Pumpkins, U2, Soul II Soul, and Sinéad O'Connor. He has been awarded Q's Best Producer award and twice been Music Week Producer of the Year.
Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Jerusalem
Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Jerusalem (22 November 1709 - 2 September 1789) was a German Lutheran theologian during the Age of Enlightenment. He was also known as "Abt Jerusalem".

He was court-preacher and a major advisor to Charles I, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, to whom he suggested the foundation of the Collegium Carolinum in 1745 - this was the forerunner of the present-day TU Braunschweig. He also had a strong influence on the Duchy of Brunswick's educational policy as well as becoming one of the most important German theologians of his era.

He is considered one of the heads of the German school of natural theology, which radically departed from conventional Lutheran theological dogma. His main work, "Reflections on the Noble Truths of Religion" looked into speculative-universalist philosophy of history and harmonised salvation history with the secular history of progress.

Duchy of Brunswick
The Duchy of Brunswick (German: Herzogtum Braunschweig) was a historical German state that ceased to exist in 1918. Its capital was the city of Brunswick (Braunschweig). It was established as the successor state of the Principality of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel by the Congress of Vienna in 1815. In the course of the 19th-century history of Germany, the duchy was part of the German Confederation, the North German Confederation and from 1871 the German Empire. It was disestablished after the end of World War I, its territory incorporated into the Weimar Republic as the Free State of Brunswick.
Elizabeth B. Drewry
Elizabeth Belle Drewry (1907 – January 5, 2000) was an American archivist, recognized for her long career at the National Archives and the Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum. The first woman to become the head of a Presidential library, she was an expert in American World War I history and published Historical Units of the First World War (1942). In 1965, she received a Federal Women's Award, presented personally by President Lyndon B. Johnson for her work at the National Archives.

Archivist
An archivist is an information professional who assesses, collects, organizes, preserves, maintains control over, and provides access to records and archives determined to have long-term value. The records that are maintained by an archivist can consist of a variety of forms, including but not limited to letters, diaries, logs, other personal documents, government documents, sound or picture recordings, digital files, or other physical objects.
PSR J0737−3039
PSR J0737−3039 is the first known double pulsar. It consists of two neutron stars emitting electromagnetic waves in the radio wavelength in a relativistic binary system. The two pulsars are known as PSR J0737−3039A and PSR J0737−3039B. It was discovered in 2003 at Australia's Parkes Observatory by an international team led by the Italian radio astronomer Marta Burgay during a high-latitude pulsar survey.

Binary system
A binary system is a system of two astronomical bodies of the same kind that are comparable in size. Definitions vary, but typically require the center of mass to be located outside of either object. (See animated examples.)

The most common kinds of binary system are binary stars and binary asteroids, but brown dwarfs, planets, neutron stars, black holes and galaxies can also form binaries.

A multiple system is similar but consists of three or more objects, for example triple stars and triple asteroids (a more common term than 'trinary').
Ink (song)
"Ink" is a song by the British rock band Coldplay from their sixth studio album Ghost Stories (2014). It was released as the fourth and final single from the record on 13 October in Italy's contemporary hit radio, 17 November in the United States' adult album alternative radio and 18 November in modern rock radio. The song reached number 156 on the UK Singles Chart upon the album's release.

Modern rock
Modern rock is an umbrella term used to describe rock music that is found on college and commercial rock radio stations. Some radio stations use this term to distinguish themselves from classic rock, which is based in 1960s–1980s rock music.
EPIC Systems, Inc
EPIC Systems, Inc. is an American multi-discipline engineering and fabrication firm located in Saint Louis, Missouri. EPIC's name is an acronym which stands for “Electrical, Process, Instrumentation and Control Systems”. EPIC was founded in 1995 as a privately held automation firm and has grown to include divisions for complete modular process plants and systems, integrated packaging and assembly lines, custom machinery manufacturing, and machine vision system integration.

In 2009, EPIC saw a 21% growth rate within three years. Revenue grew exponentially during this time period (2005-2008), and the company had 50 employees. EPIC is ranked by Inc. 500 as a Top 100 Fastest Growing Engineering Company (#71 United States) and Top 100 Fastest Growing Missouri Company (#55) EPIC is also listed by the St. Louis Post Dispatch as one of the “Top Places to Work” in St. Louis for 2013.

St. Louis Post-Dispatch
The St. Louis Post-Dispatch is a regional newspaper serving the St. Louis metropolitan area. Based in St. Louis, Missouri, it is the largest daily newspaper in the metropolitan area by circulation, surpassing the Belleville News-Democrat, Alton Telegraph, and Edwardsville Intelligencer. The publication has received 19 Pulitzer Prizes.

The paper is owned by Lee Enterprises of Davenport, Iowa, which purchased Pulitzer, Inc. in 2005 in a cash deal valued at $1.46 billion.
George Drewry Squibb
George Drewry Squibb (1 December 1906 – 3 January 1994) was an English lawyer, herald and antiquary who is most noted for his participation in the celebrated 1954 case of Manchester Corporation v Manchester Palace of Varieties Ltd [1955] in the High Court of Chivalry, the first (and to date only) case heard by that court for over two hundred years.

In his opening arguments in that case, Squibb, who was simultaneously a distinguished barrister and a historian, argued, to the satisfaction of the court, that since the modern class of Doctors of Laws were no longer trained as advocates, their role must necessarily be performed by barristers. This was because Victorian reforms, which had unified the other classes of court attorney into the single profession of Barrister, had overlooked the Doctors of Law.

Manchester City Council
Manchester City Council is the local authority for the city of Manchester in Greater Manchester, England. Manchester has had an elected local authority since 1838, which has been reformed several times. Since 1974 the council has been a metropolitan borough council. It provides the majority of local government services in the city. The council has been a member of the Greater Manchester Combined Authority since 2011.

The council has been under Labour majority control since 1971. It is based at Manchester Town Hall.
Elena Polyakova
Elena Polyakova  (Russian: Елена Полякова; born 22 March 1981) is a Russian female ultramarathon runner, and formerly a female bodybuilder.

Elena Polyakova was born on 22 March 1981 in Znamensk, Astrakhan Oblast, a closed city in Russia. She performed sports in athletics and body building, and won a number of cups. A travel agent from profession, she seasonally was working in Antalya, Turkey since 2005. In September 2011, she met Alper Dalkılıç, a Turkish ultra runner during the 2011 Lycian Way Ultramarathon in southern Turkey. One month after she returned home, she decided to move to Turkey. Since then, she has lived in Istanbul.

Female bodybuilding
Female bodybuilding is the female component of competitive bodybuilding.  It began in the late 1970s, when women began to take part in bodybuilding competitions.

The most prestigious titles in female professional bodybuilding include the Ms. Olympia, Ms. Rising Phoenix and Masters Olympia.
Endegagn
Endegagn (Amharic: እንደጋኝ) is a woreda in the Central Ethiopia Regional State of Ethiopia. This woreda is named after the Endegagn dialect of Inor language spoken by Gurage people. Part of the Gurage Zone, Endegagn is bordered on the southeast by the Silt'e Zone, on the southwest by Hadiya Zone, on the north by Enemorina Eaner, on the north by the Oromia Region, on the northeast by Sodo, and on the northeast by Geta. Endegagn was separated from the  Enemorina Eaner woreda.

Siltʼe Zone
Siltʼe is a zone in the Central Ethiopia Regional State of Ethiopia. This zone is named for the Siltʼe people, whose homeland lies in this zone. Like other nationalities in Ethiopia, the Siltʼe people have their own language, Siltʼe. Siltʼe is bordered on the south by Halaba, on the southwest by Hadiya, on the north by Gurage, and on the east by the Oromia Region.

Following a referendum held between 18 and 26 April 2001, the Siltʼe unanimously voted to form their own Zone, Siltʼe. Later more woredas from Gurage and Hadya zones and Alaba special woreda were added.
Karl Bornhäuser
Karl Bornhäuser (19 May 1868, in Mannheim – 27 March 1947, in Marburg) was a German New Testament theologian.

He studied theology at the universities of Halle and Greifswald, where he was a student of Hermann Cremer. He worked as a clergyman in Sinsheim (from 1890) and Karlsruhe (from 1892), and as a regional pastor in Rastatt (from 1894). In 1902 he became an associate professor of systematic and practical theology at the University of Greifswald, and from 1907 to 1933, he taught classes as a full professor at the University of Marburg. From 1912 onward, he was a member of the consistory in Kassel.

Rastatt
Rastatt (German pronunciation: [ˈʁaʃtat] ⓘ) is a town in the district of Rastatt, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is located in the Upper Rhine Plain, on the Murg River, 6 km (3.7 mi) above its junction with the Rhine. It has a Baroque core and a population of around 51,000 (2022). Rastatt was an important place during the War of the Spanish Succession (Treaty of Rastatt) and the Revolutions of 1848 in the German states.
PlagScan
PlagScan is a plagiarism detection software, mostly used by academic institutions. PlagScan compares submissions with web documents, journals and internal archives. The software was launched in 2009 by Markus Goldbach and Johannes Knabe of Cologne, Germany.

In 2019/2020, PlagScan merged with a similar Swedish company, Urkund, to form the company Ouriginal, owned by private equity firm Procuritas. Commenters suggested this might provide competition for leading plagiarism detection company, Turnitin. In March 2021, Turnitin announced its intent to purchase Ouriginal. The Australian Competition & Consumer Commission considered opposing the acquisition, but ultimately decided against it. The acquisition was completed in November 2021.

Australian Competition and Consumer Commission
The Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) is the chief competition regulator of the Government of Australia, located within the Department of the Treasury. It was established in 1995 with the amalgamation of the Australian Trade Practices Commission and the Prices Surveillance Authority to administer the Trade Practices Act 1974, which was replaced by the Competition and Consumer Act 2010 on 1 January 2011. The ACCC's mandate is to protect consumer rights and business rights and obligations, to perform industry regulation and price monitoring, and to prevent illegal anti-competitive behaviour.
Roman Golanowski
Roman Golanowski (born 14 January 1969) is a retired long jumper from Poland.

He was born in Wrocław, and represented the club Śląsk Wrocław. He competed at the 1992 Summer Olympics without reaching the final. He became Polish champion in 1992, 1993 and 1994.

His personal best jump was 8.09 metres, achieved in June 1992 in Grudziadz.

Athletics at the 1992 Summer Olympics – Men's long jump
The men's long jump was an event at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, Spain. There were 50 participating athletes from 37 nations, with two qualifying groups. The maximum number of athletes per nation had been set at three since the 1930 Olympic Congress. The event was won by 3 cm by Carl Lewis of the United States, the nation's third consecutive and 19th overall gold medal in the men's long jump. Lewis became the second man to win three medals in the event (after Ralph Boston) and the first to win three golds. His winning margin of 3 cm would prove to be his narrowest of his four Olympic titles. Mike Powell repeated his silver medal performance from 1988, becoming the eighth two-medal winner in the event. Joe Greene took bronze, completing the United States' second consecutive and fourth overall (1896, 1904, 1988) medal sweep in the men's long jump.
Guðjón
Guðjón [ˈkvʏðˌjouːn] is an Icelandic given name.

Guðjón S. Brjánsson (born 1955), Icelandic MP

Guðjón Arnar Kristjánsson (born 1944), Icelandic MP and chairman of the Liberal Party

Guðjón Samúelsson (1887–1950), State Architect of Iceland

Guðjón Valur Sigurðsson (born 1979), Icelandic handball player

Guðjón Þórðarson (born 1955), Icelandic former footballer and manager

Guðjón Samúelsson
Guðjón Samúelsson (16 April 1887 – 25 April 1950) was a State Architect of Iceland, and the first Icelander to be educated in architecture. He has been described as one of Iceland's most influential architects. His notable designs include the main building of the University of Iceland, the National Theatre of Iceland, the Landakot Roman Catholic Cathedral in Reykjavík, and the Church of Akureyri. His final and most recognized work is the Hallgrímskirkja church, which was commissioned in 1937.