hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1912 American Grand Prize
The 1912 American Grand Prix was the seventh and final race of the 1912 Grand Prix season.  It was held at the Wauwatosa Road Race Course in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and was sanctioned by the Automobile Club of America. Caleb Bragg won by over 15 minutes over Erwin Bergdoll.  Bragg's average speed was 68.397 mph (110.074 km/h).

The event was marred by the deaths of two-time and defending winner David Bruce-Brown and his mechanician Tony Scudellari in a practice accident.  Bruce-Brown's car was repaired by Barney Oldfield and driven to a fourth-place finish. Ralph DePalma and his mechanician Tom Alley were injured when DePalma's Mercedes touched the rear of Bragg's Fiat and overturned, ejecting its occupants.

Riding mechanic
A riding mechanic was a mechanic that rode along with a race car during races, and who was tasked with maintaining, monitoring, and repairing the car during the race. The various duties included manually pumping oil and fuel, checking tire wear, observing gauges, and even massaging the driver's hands. They also communicated with the pits and spotted from inside the car. If the car ran out of fuel, or otherwise broke down, the riding mechanic was usually responsible for running back to the pits to fetch fuel or the necessary spare parts.

Riding mechanics were also referred to by the term mechanician. The position is largely associated with the early years of Championship car racing and the Indianapolis 500; however, they were also utilized in grand prix racing for a while.
Violet Yong
Violet Yong Wui Wui (simplified Chinese: 杨薇讳; traditional Chinese: 楊薇諱; pinyin: Yáng Wēihuì) is a Malaysian lawyer and politician from the Democratic Action Party (DAP), a component party of the Pakatan Harapan (PH) opposition coalition. She has served as Member of the Sarawak State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Pending since May 2006. She is also one of the only two Sarawak PH and DAP MLAs along with Chong Chieng Jen.

Sarawak United Peoples' Party
The Sarawak United Peoples' Party (abbrev: SUPP; Malay: Parti Rakyat Bersatu Sarawak) is a Sarawak-based political party in Malaysia. Founded in 1959, the SUPP was the first political party established in Sarawak. Having its roots in left-leaning ideologies and nationalism, the party historically championed the causes of the working class and Sarawak Chinese community interests. The SUPP is currently led by party president Sim Kui Hian, succeeding the post from his predecessor, Peter Chin Fah Kui, in 2014.

Formerly one of the Sarawak-based components of Barisan Nasional (BN) from 1970 until June 2018, the SUPP was known for its tense relationship with its Peninsula-based BN partners. Following the 2018 general election defeat of Barisan Nasional, the coalition's Sarawak-based components, including the SUPP, withdrew from the coalition on 12 June 2018 and formed the Gabungan Parti Sarawak (GPS) which forms the state government to this day.
Arthur Grass
Arthur Conrad Grass (11 October 1897 – October 1994) played cricket for Brazil in international matches in the 1920s and toured England with the 1932 South American team, when he appeared in three first-class matches.

Grass was a right-handed batsman who played four times in international matches between Brazil and Argentina in the late 1920s, mainly batting in the lower order. His highest score in these matches was 60, batting at No 9, in the third of three games in Buenos Aires in January 1930.

On the South Americans tour of England in 1932, he played in only three of the first-class games, batting mainly at No 10 and being not out four times in six innings. His highest score was 24 not out against Sir Julien Cahn's XI. On the England tour as a whole, he only had 12 innings and did not bowl.

Brazil national cricket team
The Brazil national cricket team is the men's team that represents the country of Brazil in international cricket. The team is organised by the Brazilian Cricket Association, which became an affiliate member of the International Cricket Council (ICC) in 2002 and an associate member in 2017. However, the national side has a history dating back much longer, with its first recorded international match coming against Argentina in 1888. Regular international competition commenced in the 1920s, and resumed in the 1950s after a gap during World War II. Almost all of Brazil's matches have come against other South American sides, although in recent years the team has participated in several ICC Americas tournaments, which include sides from Central and North America. At the South American Championships, which commenced in 1995, Brazil has played in all but one edition, with a best finish of second at the 1997 tournament.
Ibrahima Bangoura
Ibrahima Sory Bangoura (born 8 December 1982 in Conakry) is a Guinean footballer who plays in Guinea for Hafia FC.

Bangoura was a member of the Guinea squad for the 2006 African Nations Cup, where the team was eliminated in the quarter-finals. His cousin Ismaël Bangoura is also a footballer and a member of the team. His favourite position is second striker although he has played as winger or as an attacking midfielder. He is well known for his pace.

Hafia FC
Hafia Football Club is a football club based in Conakry, Guinea. Founded in 1951, the team was known as Conakry II in the 1960s and won three titles under that name. Hafia have won 15 league titles overall, having dominated in the 1960s and 70s, but their last league title came in 1985. The 1970s were a golden decade for Hafia FC when they dominated African football, winning the African Cup of Champions Clubs three times, in 1972, 1975 and 1977. It promoted some great talents as Papa Camara, Bengally Sylla, Abdoulaye Keita, Chérif Souleymane, Petit Sory, Mamadou Aliou Kéïta.

In early 2021 construction began on the new stadium "Stade Petit Sory" named after Hafia FC legend Petit Sory.
Lauri Pyykönen
Lauri Pyykönen (born 20 April 1978 in Pirkkala) is a Finnish cross-country skier who competed from 1998 to 2008. His best World Cup finish was second twice, both in sprint events with one each in 2002 and in 2003.

At the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin, Pyykönen finished fifth in the team sprint, 27th in the individual sprint, and 54th in the 15 km events. His best finish at the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships was 12th in the sprint event at Val di Fiemme in 2003.

Fiemme Valley
Fiemme Valley (Italian: Val di Fiemme, German: Fleimstal) is a valley in the Trentino province, i.e. the southern half of the Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol region, in northern Italy, located in the Dolomites mountain region.
2011 Colonial Athletic Association baseball tournament
The 2011 Colonial Athletic Association baseball tournament was held at Brooks Field in Wilmington, North Carolina, from May 26 through 28.  The event determined the champion of the Colonial Athletic Association for the 2011 season.  Second-seeded James Madison won the tournament for the second time and earned the CAA's automatic bid to the 2011 NCAA Division I baseball tournament.

Entering the event, former member East Carolina had won the most championships, with seven.  Among active members, VCU led with five titles, Old Dominion had won three titles while George Mason and UNC Wilmington had won twice each and Georgia State, James Madison, and William & Mary had each won once.

VCU Rams baseball
VCU Rams baseball represents Virginia Commonwealth University in all NCAA Division I baseball competitions. This program, established in 1971, is a member of the Atlantic 10 Conference. The Rams possess an 867–792–5 record with a 155–81 record in-conference (CAA). The head coach for the Rams is Sean Thompson. Significant past events are: First place CAA finishes in 1997, 1998, & 2003; 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, & 2010 CAA Tournament champions, 8 NCAA Tournament appearances since 1996; and an average of 30 or more wins (56 game schedule) in each of the past 11 seasons.
Archaeology of Azerbaijan
Archeological sites in Azerbaijan first gained public interest in the mid-19th century and were reported by European travellers.

The Institute of Archaeology and Anthropology of the Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences now conducts researches into archaeology, ethnography, numismatics, epigraphy, anthropology, ethnosociology and ethnopolitology in Azerbaijan. Since 1999 the Department of History and Archaeology of Khazar University publishes the Journal of Azerbaijan Archaeology.

In 1920, the Museum of History of Azerbaijan was established, exhibiting archaeological finds from different parts of Azerbaijan. The Ancient and Medieval History sections of the museum have a total of over 25,000 items. Since 1969, museum archaeologists have been conducting underwater archaeological excavations beneath the Caspian Sea.

Numismatics
Numismatics is the study or collection of currency,  including coins, tokens, paper money, medals, and related objects.

Specialists, known as numismatists, are often characterized as students or collectors of coins, but the discipline also includes the broader study of money and other means of payment used to resolve debts and exchange goods.

The earliest forms of money used by people are categorised by collectors as "odd and curious", but the use of other goods in barter exchange is excluded, even where used as a circulating currency (e.g., cigarettes or instant noodles in prison). As an example, the Kyrgyz people used horses as the principal currency unit, and gave small change in lambskins; the lambskins may be suitable for numismatic study, but the horses are not. Many objects have been used for centuries, such as cowry shells, precious metals, cocoa beans, large stones, and gems.
Maiko Kano
Maiko Kano (狩野舞子 Kano Maiko, born July 15, 1988) is a former Japanese volleyball player. She was part of the Japanese team that won bronze at the 2012 Summer Olympics. Kumi Nakada (the coach of Hisamitu Springs) converted her to setter in 2012-13 season.

Kurowashiki All Japan Volleyball Tournament
Kurowashiki All Japan Volleyball Tournament (黒鷲旗全日本男女選抜バレーボール大会, Kurowashiki Zen Nippon Danjo Senbatsu Volleyball Taikai), is a volleyball tournament in Japan.

Kurowashiki (Japanese: 黒鷲旗) means the flag of black eagle. It opens in May every year in Osaka. It is organized by the Japan Volleyball Association and the Mainichi Newspapers.
2007 Internationaux de Nouvelle-Calédonie – Doubles
Alex Bogomolov Jr. and Todd Widom were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Alex Kuznetsov and Phillip Simmonds won the title after defeating Thierry Ascione and Édouard Roger-Vasselin 7–6(7–5), 6–3 in the final.

Thierry Ascione
Thierry Ascione  (French: [tjɛʁi asjɔn]; born 17 January 1981) is an ATP tennis coach and a former professional player from France. He reached a career-high singles ranking of World No. 81 in February 2004.
Atlantic and Yadkin Railway
The Atlantic and Yadkin Railway was a short line railroad within North Carolina from 1899 to 1950.  It ran from Mount Airy southeast to Sanford, primarily serving the Piedmont region.  Some of the rails are still in use as of 2006 as parts of the Yadkin Valley Railroad.

Yadkin Valley Railroad
The Yadkin Valley Railroad (reporting mark YVRR) is the trade name of the Piedmont and Atlantic Railroad and is a shortline railroad operating two lines leased from the Norfolk Southern Railway (Then purchased outright in 2009) originating out of Rural Hall, North Carolina for a distance of 93 miles (150 km). The railroad began operation in 1989 and is currently a subsidiary of Gulf and Ohio Railways.

Primary commodities include poultry feed ingredients, wood products, steel, plastics, propane, ethanol, and rail car storage, amounting to approximately 12,700 annual carloads.
1945 Miami Naval Air Station football team
The 1945 Miami Naval Air Station football team represented United States Navy's Miami Naval Air Station (Miami NAS) during the 1945 college football season. Led by head coach Bill Glassford, Miami NAS compiled a record of 1–2. The team began play in early November after the Miami Naval Training Center (Miami NTC) team dissolved due to transfers and discharges from the service. Five regular members of the Miami NTC team joined the Miami NAS team. Miami NAS had scheduled games with Bainbridge and Little Creek, but the team disbanded in early December before those contests could be played.

1945 Little Creek Amphibs football team
The 1945 Little Creek Amphibs football team was an American football team that represented United States Navy's Naval Amphibious Base Little Creek in Virginia during the 1945 college football season. Led by head coach Russell L. Waters, the Amphibs compiled a record of 7–2. The team's roster included guard Ben Chase and tackle Phil Ragazzo.

Little Creek ranked 46th among the nation's college and service teams in the final Litkenhous Ratings.
Hubert Detremmerie
Hubert Detremmerie (26 March 1930; Deerlijk–9 November 2008; Ronse) was a Belgian businessman and banker. From 1955 until he retired in March 1995, he worked at BACOB Bank (now part of Belfius), the bank of the Belgian Catholic labor organisation, finally as chairman of its managing board. From 1995 until 2001, he served as a director of Lernout & Hauspie. He served as a member of the advisory board to the Belgian Ministry of Finance for Financial Institutions and Markets, the Council of Labor, the King Baudouin Foundation, and the Belgian National Counsel for the Cooperation Among Labor, Business and Government. He was a member of the Coudenberg group, a Belgian federalist think tank. Together with Wilfried Martens, Alfons Verplaetse, and Jef Houthuys, he met at Poupehan between 1982 and 1987 to discuss the social and economic situation of Belgium.

Belfius
Belfius Bank and Insurance, known as Dexia Bank Belgium until 1 March 2012, is a Belgian state-owned bank that emerged from the dismantling of the Dexia group which had been purchased by the Belgian government on 10 October 2011 for 4 billion euros.

Belfius has been designated as a Significant Institution since the entry into force of European Banking Supervision in late 2014, and as a consequence is directly supervised by the European Central Bank.
2023 BMW Roma Cup
The 2023 BMW Roma Cup was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the eighteenth edition of the tournament, which was part of the 2023 ITF Women's World Tennis Tour. It took place in Rome, Italy, between 12 and 18 June 2023.

Angelica Moratelli
Angelica Moratelli (born 17 August 1994) is an Italian professional tennis player.
She achieved her career-high singles ranking of No. 318 on 23 September 2013, and world No. 62 in doubles on 9 September 2024.

Moratelli has won two doubles titles on the WTA Challenger Tour along with ten singles and thirty-one doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit.
The Jasmine Throne
The Jasmine Throne is a fantasy novel by British author Tasha Suri published by Orbit UK in 2021. An epic fantasy set in a world inspired by ancient India, it is the first volume in the Burning Kingdoms trilogy.

It won the World Fantasy Award for Best Novel in 2022.

High fantasy
High fantasy, or epic fantasy, is a subgenre of fantasy defined by the epic nature of its setting or by the epic stature of its characters, themes, or plot. High fantasy is usually set in an alternative, fictional ("secondary") world, rather than the "real" or "primary" world. This secondary world is usually internally consistent, but its rules differ from those of the primary world. By contrast, low fantasy is characterized by being set on Earth, the primary or real world, or a rational and familiar fictional world with the inclusion of magical elements.
Keith Denson
Keith Denson (born August 30, 1952) is an American former professional football player who was a wide receiver for the New York Jets of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the San Diego State Aztecs. He played for the Southern California Sun of the World Football League from 1974 to 1975 before joining the Jets in 1976.

World Football League
The World Football League (WFL) was an American football league that played one full season in 1974 and most of its second in 1975. Although the league's proclaimed ambition was to bring American football onto a worldwide stage, only one team – the Hawaiians in Honolulu, Hawaii – was headquartered outside of continental North America. The league folded in 1975 midway through its second season.
Bulgo Sandstone
Bulgo Sandstone is a sedimentary rock occurring in the Sydney Basin in eastern Australia. This stratum is up to 100 metres thick, formed in the early Triassic (Olenekian). A component of the Narrabeen Group of sedimentary rocks. It consists of layers of fine to medium-grained quartz-lithic sandstone, with lenticular shale interbeds.

Often seen as a grey-green colour when exposed, the Bulgo sandstone contains a high level of particles of volcanic rocks, and is dissimilar to other Sydney sandstones, such as Hawkesbury sandstone and Newport Formation. The rock breaks down to create a relatively fertile clayey soil. These soils contribute to the rainforest growth in the northern Illawarra. Bulgo sandstone may be seen at the "figure eight" rock pool at Royal National Park and at Long Reef in the northern Beaches in Sydney. A fossil of the giant amphibian Bulgosuchus gargantua was found at Long Reef.

Lithic fragment (geology)
Lithic fragments, or lithics, are pieces of other rocks that have been eroded down to sand size and now are sand grains in a sedimentary rock.  They were first described and named (in their modern definitions) by Bill Dickinson in 1970. Lithic fragments can be derived from sedimentary, igneous or metamorphic rocks.  A lithic fragment is defined using the Gazzi-Dickinson point-counting method and being in the sand-size fraction. Sand grains in sedimentary rocks that are fragments of larger rocks that are not identified using the Gazzi-Dickinson method are usually called rock fragments instead of lithic fragments. Sandstones rich in lithic fragments are called lithic sandstones.
A Somewhat Gentle Man
A Somewhat Gentle Man (Norwegian: En ganske snill mann and also known as Regnskap) is a 2010 Norwegian crime comedy film directed by Hans Petter Moland. It premiered on 19 March 2010, and was the sixth feature-film directed by Hans Petter Moland. It was nominated for the Golden Bear at the 60th Berlin International Film Festival.

Moland said that the film "A Somewhat Gentle Man is about grown-ups struggling to keep up with the times. It's a black comedy about burning out with dignity, even for criminals".

During opening weekend in Norway, 16,000 people saw A Somewhat Gentle Man in theaters. The film received the Norwegian 'Film Critic Award' in 2011.

Golden Bear
The Golden Bear (German: Goldener Bär) is the highest prize awarded for the best film at the Berlin International Film Festival and is, along with the Palme d'Or and the Golden Lion, widely considered among the most prestigious film festival awards. The bear is the heraldic animal of Berlin, featured on both the coat of arms and flag of Berlin.
Bishops Castle Railway
The Bishop's Castle Railway was a railway company that constructed a railway line in Shropshire, from near Craven Arms to Bishop's Castle. It opened in 1866 but was continuously short of money, and was unable to complete its originally-planned route, nor to provide more than the most basic level of equipment. It closed due to bankruptcy in 1935.

Craven Arms
Craven Arms is a market town and civil parish in Shropshire, England. It is sited on the A49 road and the Welsh Marches railway line, which link it north and south to the larger towns of Shrewsbury and Ludlow respectively. The town is enclosed to the north by the Shropshire Hills Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty and to the south is the fortified manor house of Stokesay Castle.

Economically, the town serves the surrounding rural area, with a number of shops, estate agents, a supermarket, an abattoir and many commercial/light industrial businesses. It is also a visitor destination, being home or nearby to a number of attractions, and is a centre for visitors to the area of outstanding natural beauty. It describes itself as the Gateway to the Marches.
Sala delle Asse
The Sala delle Asse (In English: 'room of the wooden planks'), is a large room in the Castello Sforzesco in Milan, the location of a painting in tempera on plaster by Leonardo da Vinci, dating from about 1498. Its walls and vaulted ceiling are decorated with "intertwining plants with fruits and monochromes of roots and rocks" and a canopy created by sixteen trees.

The walls and ceiling are painted with a trompe-l'œil scheme depicting trunks, leaves, fruits, and knots, as if it was in the open air and not within a castle. Art historian Rocky Ruggiero describes the decoration of the square, fifteen-by-fifteen-meters room as creating the effect of a natural pergola as an architectural feature. Ruggiero suggests that Leonardo drew upon all of his scientific research into natural systems as he painted the masterful illusion that resembles a grove of mulberry trees.

Tempera
Tempera (Italian: [ˈtɛmpera]) is a permanent, fast-drying painting medium consisting of pigments mixed with a water-soluble binder medium, usually glutinous material such as egg yolk. There are several types of tempera paint, but the one containing egg yolk is called egg tempera. Tempera paint made from the milk protein is Casein paint. If the binder is synthetic PVA, the result is polyvinyl acetate tempera. A distemper paint consisting of pigment and binders such as cornstarch, gum arabic and other gums is called poster paint in certain parts of the world, and it is also often confusingly referred to as "tempera paint", although the binders in this paint are different from traditional egg tempera paints and the visual effect is more like gouache.

The term Tempera also refers to the paintings done in any kind of these tempera mediums.
Karl Brunner (luger)
Karl Brunner (born 19 May 1951 in Olang) is an Italian luger who competed from the early 1970s to the mid-1980s. He won the silver medal in the men's doubles event at the 1980 Winter Olympics in Lake Placid, New York.

Brunner also won three medals at the FIL World Luge Championships with two medals in men's singles (gold: 1971, silver: 1979) and one in men's doubles (silver: 1977). He also won three medals at the FIL European Luge Championships with a gold (Men's singles: 1980) and two bronzes (Men's singles: 1977, Men's doubles: 1979).

Brunner also won the overall Luge World Cup men's doubles title three times (1977-8, 1978-9, 1982-3) and had his best overall men's single World Cup finish of second in 1979-80.

Lake Placid, New York
Lake Placid is a village in Essex County, New York, United States, within the Adirondack Mountains. Its population was 2,205 at the 2020 census. Lake Placid became known internationally for hosting the 1932 and the 1980 Winter Olympics. Lake Placid has also hosted the 1972 and 2023 Winter World University Games, as well as the 2000 Goodwill Winter Games. The village is near the center of the town of North Elba, 50 miles (80 km) southwest of Plattsburgh.
Cytokine redundancy
Cytokine redundancy is a term in immunology referring to the phenomenon in which, and the ability of, multiple cytokines to exert similar actions. This phenomenon is largely due to multiple cytokines utilizing common receptor subunits and common intracellular cell signalling molecules/pathways. For instance, a pair of redundant cytokines are interleukin 4 and interleukin 13.

Cytokine redundancy is associated with the term cytokine pleiotropy, which refers to the ability of cytokines to exert multiple actions.

Interleukin 4
The interleukin 4 (IL4, IL-4) is a cytokine that induces differentiation of naive helper T cells (Th0 cells) to Th2 cells. Upon activation by IL-4, Th2 cells subsequently produce additional IL-4 in a positive feedback loop. IL-4 is produced primarily by mast cells, Th2 cells, eosinophils and basophils. It is closely related and has functions similar to IL-13.