hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2024 Sudan floods
In 2024, the North African country of Sudan experienced flooding caused by heavy rainfall. Flooding beginning in July caused the deaths of at least twelve people, with seven more people injured and at least 12,506 people in total affected.

Flooding during 2024 was significant due to its concurrence with the Sudanese civil war and its resulting humanitarian crisis causing the internal displacement of millions of Sudanese citizens, exacerbating the damages caused by the floods to already-vulnerable populations.

Demographics of Sudan
The demographics of Sudan include the Sudanese people (Arabic: سودانيون) and their characteristics, Sudan, including population density, ethnicity, education level, health, economic status, religious affiliations, and other aspects of the population.

In Sudan's 1993 census, the population was calculated at 30 million. No comprehensive census has been carried out since that time due to the Second Sudanese Civil War. Estimates of Sudan, including the population of South Sudan, ranged from 37 million (United Nations) to 45 million (CIA). Since the secession  of South Sudan in July 2011, the current population of Sudan is estimated to be  about 46 million. The population of metropolitan Khartoum (including Khartoum, Omdurman, and Khartoum North) is growing rapidly and ranges from six to seven million, including around two million displaced persons from the southern war zone, as well as western and eastern drought-affected areas.
Phayao
Phayao (Northern Thai: ᩕᨻᨿᩣ᩠ᩅ; Thai: พะเยา,Thai pronunciation: [pʰā.jāw]) is a city (thesaban mueang) in northern Thailand, capital of Phayao Province.  For administrative purposes the city is divided into 15 sub-districts (tambons), which are further subdivided into 172 administrative villages.

The town is on the shore of the Phayao Lake. It dates back to the semi-independent city-state (mueang), founded between 900 and 1,000 years ago.

As of 2005 Phayao had a population of 19,118. Phayao lies 726 km north of Bangkok.

Phayao Lake
Kwan Phayao (Thai: กว๊านพะเยา, RTGS: Kwan Phayao, pronounced [kwáːn pʰā.jāw]) is a lake in Phayao Province, Northern Thailand. Kwan, a word from the northern Thai language, means 'lake' or 'large swamp'. The shape of the lake is a nearly-half-circle-moon shape. Phayao Lake is the largest freshwater lake in the northern region and the fourth largest in the country, with a depth of 1.5 metres, and covers an area of about 1,980 hectares. There are about 50 species of fish in Phayao Lake.
The Ultimate Fighter: Latin America 3
The Ultimate Fighter: Latin America 3 is an installment of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC)-produced reality television series The Ultimate Fighter.

On May 31, 2016, the UFC announced that the 16 competitors for the season would be made up of lightweight fighters from various locations around Latin America.

The cast consisted of fighters from 9 countries: Bedoya, from Colombia, Castillo, from Nicaragua, Cárdenas and Villaseca, from Chile, Chalo, from Venezuela, Flores, from Bolivia, Puelles, from Peru, Ganin and Rojo, from Argentina, Zamora, from Costa Rica and Bravo, Martínez, Quintanar, Rodríguez, Sabori and Villegas, from Mexico.

The coaches for the season are former UFC Light Heavyweight champions Forrest Griffin and Chuck Liddell. Both retired fighters have been coaches on previous The Ultimate Fighter installments.

Filming for the season began on May 16 in Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Lightweight (MMA)
The lightweight division in mixed martial arts contains different weight classes:

The UFC's lightweight division, which groups competitors within 146 to 155 lb (66 to 70 kg)

The Shooto lightweight division, which limits competitors to 145 lb (65.8 kg)

The ONE Championship's lightweight division, with an upper limit at 77.1 kg (170.0 lb)

The Road FC's lightweight division, with an upper limit at 154 lb (70 kg)
Auckland Stadiums
Auckland Stadiums is a division of Auckland Unlimited (formerly Regional Facilities Auckland), a unit of Auckland Council in New Zealand that manages Auckland's regional stadiums. Auckland Stadiums manages, operates and promotes Mount Smart Stadium, QBE (North Harbour) Stadium, and Western Springs Stadium.

Western Springs Stadium
Western Springs Stadium is a stadium in Auckland, New Zealand. Built within a natural amphitheatre, it is primarily used for rugby union matches during the winter and for speedway racing during the summer. It is also occasionally used for large concerts and festivals.

Western Springs Stadium has a crowd capacity of 20,000 for sports and 49,000 for concerts. It is located four kilometres (2.5 mi) west of the city centre in the suburb of Western Springs.
Truth in the Wilderness
Truth in the Wilderness is a 1913 American silent short drama film directed by Lorimer Johnston. It stars Charlotte Burton, George Periolat, J. Warren Kerrigan, and Jack Richardson, with additional performances by Lillian Leighton and Vivian Rich.

Lorimer Johnston
Lorimer Johnston (November 2, 1858 in Maysville, Kentucky – February 20, 1941 in Hollywood, California) was an American silent film actor and director.

He was involved in the production of over 60 films in acting and directing and he also wrote the scripts for twelve films, according to IMDb, nearly all shorts. In 1913, Johnston directed the short films For the Crown and For the Flag, working with actresses such as Charlotte Burton.

Towards the end of his career Johnston starred as an actor in sound motion pictures such as the popular Frankenstein films Ghost of Frankenstein and Son of Frankenstein.
Bill Collins (American football)
William Newton Collins (born May 21, 1894) was an American football and basketball coach and college athletics administrator.  He served as the head football coach at Missouri Wesleyan College in Cameron, Missouri from 1923 to 1925 and William Jewell College in Liberty, Missouri from 1927 to 1932. Collins was also the head basketball coach at William Jewell from 1928 to 1933, tallying a mark of 50–35.

Collins played college football as a halfback at the University of Missouri from 1916 to 1919. In 1920, he coached Missouri's freshman football team. The following year, Collins was the football coach at Liberty High School in Liberty. After two years at Liberty High School, Collins was appointed athletic director and head football coach at Missouri Wesleyan, succeeding Earl A. Davis.

Liberty, Missouri
Liberty is a city in and the county seat of Clay County, Missouri, United States and is a suburb of Kansas City, located in the Kansas City Metro Area. As of the 2020 United States census the population was 30,167. Liberty is home to William Jewell College and the historic Liberty Jail.
Charles Pletsch
Charles Henry Pletsch (December 31, 1893 – July 24, 1950) was a Canadian hockey player who played one game in the National Hockey League for the Hamilton Tigers during the 1920–21 season. He was born in Chesley, Ontario.

Hamilton Tigers
The Hamilton Tigers were a professional ice hockey team based in Hamilton, Ontario, that competed in the National Hockey League (NHL) from 1920 to 1925. The Tigers were formed by the sale of the Quebec Bulldogs NHL franchise to Hamilton interests. After years of struggling, the franchise finished first in the league in the 1924–25 NHL season, but a players' strike before the playoffs resulted in the franchise's dissolution. The players' contracts were sold to New York City interests to stock the expansion New York Americans. A namesake amateur team existed prior to and during the NHL team's existence, and a minor league professional team named the Hamilton Tigers existed from 1926 to 1930.
Alfred L. Atwood
Alfred Loranus Atwood (September 29, 1886 – August 19, 1965) was an American football player and coach. A college football player and graduate of Amherst College, Atwood served as the head football coach at Haverford College in 1910.

Atwood was born on September 29, 1886, in Norwood, Massachusetts, to Horace T. and Clara Talbot Atwood. He pursued graduate work at the University of Pennsylvania and graduated from Boston University School of Law. Atwood later worked as a lawyer and a realtor. He died on August 19, 1965, at his home in Norwood.

Boston University School of Law
The Boston University School of Law (BU Law) is the law school of Boston University, a private research university in Boston. Established in 1872, it is the third-oldest law school in New England, after Harvard Law School and Yale Law School. Approximately 630 students are enrolled in the full-time J.D. degree program (approximately 210 per class) and about 350 in the school's five LLM degree programs. BU Law was one of the first law schools in the country to admit students to study law regardless of race or gender.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1584
United Nations Security Council resolution 1584, adopted unanimously on 1 February 2005, after recalling resolutions 1528 (2004) and 1572 (2004) on the situation in Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast), the council, acting under Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter, strengthened an arms embargo against the country.

Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter
Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter sets out the UN Security Council's powers to maintain peace. It gives the Security Council the authority to "determine the existence of any threat to the peace, breach of the peace, or act of aggression" and to take military and nonmilitary action to "restore international peace and security.”
Vinderen
Vinderen is a neighbourhood in the Vestre Aker borough of Oslo, Norway. It was a separate borough until 1 January 2004, when it was incorporated into the newly established borough of Vestre Aker.

Its amenities include Vinderen station.

The prosperous avenue of Tuengen Allé in Vinderen was the childhood home of Queen Sonja of Norway at 1B; and the current embassy of China in Norway at 2B. In 2015, the Queens childhood home will be moved to Maihaugen in Lillehammer.

10C Tuengen Alle is the functionalist Villa Stenersen, designed by architect Arne Korsmo and was built from 1937 to 1939 for the financier, art collector, and author Rolf Stenersen and his family. Stenerson bequeathed the Villa Stenersen to the State of Norway as a home for the Prime Minister. Odvar Nordli lived in the house, but the building has since been used for cultural purposes.

Rolf Stenersen
Rolf Kristian Eckersberg Stenersen (13 February 1899 – 15 October 1978) was a Norwegian businessman,  non-fiction writer, essayist, novelist, playwright and biographer. He was also a track and field athlete and art collector.
Chantal Goya
Chantal de Guerre (French pronunciation: [ʃɑ̃tal də ɡɛʁ]; born 10 June 1942), known as Chantal Goya ([ɡɔja]), is a French singer and actress.

Goya started her career as a yé-yé singer, singing a mid-1960s hybrid of girl-group pop and French chanson. She also enjoyed a career as a French New Wave actress; she had a starring role as Madeleine in the 1966 Jean-Luc Godard film Masculin, féminin and in Jean-Daniel Pollet's L'amour c'est gai, l'amour c'est triste (Love is joy, love is sad).

Since 1975, she has become mostly known as a singer for children. Together with her husband, songwriter and composer Jean-Jacques Debout, and with a team of designers and costume people, she does shows for and with children. The main themes are dreams and traveling. Her usual character is called Marie-Rose.

Yé-yé
Yé-yé (French: [jeje] ⓘ) or yeyé (Spanish: [ɟʝeˈʝe]) was a style of pop music that emerged in Western and Southern Europe in the early 1960s. The French term yé-yé was derived from the English "yeah! yeah!", popularized by British beat music bands such as the Beatles. The style expanded worldwide as the result of the success of figures such as French singer-songwriters France Gall, Jacqueline Taïeb,  Sylvie Vartan, Serge Gainsbourg and Françoise Hardy. Yé-yé was a particular form of counterculture that derived most of its inspiration from British and American rock and roll. Additional stylistic elements of yé-yé song composition include baroque, exotica, pop, jazz and the French chanson.
Creminelli Fine Meats
Creminelli Fine Meats is an American/Italian producer and seller of artisan meats. Cristiano Creminelli launched the Salt Lake City-based company in 2007 with business partners Chris Bowler and Jared Lynch. Creminelli has been recognized with various Sofi Awards and was named to Bon Appétit's "Tastemaker list" in 2012.

Specialty Food Association
The Specialty Food Association, Inc. (SFA) is membership-based trade association in the United States representing 3,000+ member companies. The SFA was established in 1952 to foster trade, commerce and interest in the specialty food industry in the U.S., worth $148 billion as of May 2020.

The Association is a not-for-profit organization whose members are specialty food artisans, purveyors, importers and entrepreneurs, as well as distributors, retailers, and others involved in the specialty food trade.

Bill Lynch was named Interim President of SFA in May 2020 and appointed President of SFA in November 2020.
2022–23 Butler Bulldogs men's basketball team
The 2022–23 Butler Bulldogs men's basketball team represented Butler University in the 2022–23 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. They were coached by Thad Matta, in the first year of his second stint as head coach of his alma mater. The Bulldogs played their home games at Hinkle Fieldhouse in Indianapolis, Indiana as members of the Big East Conference. They finished the season 14–18, 6–14 in Big East play to finish in ninth place. They were defeated by St. John's in the first round of the Big East tournament.

2023 Big East men's basketball tournament
The 2023 Big East Men's Basketball Tournament was the postseason collegiate men's basketball tournament for the Big East Conference that took place from March 8 through March 11, 2023, at Madison Square Garden in New York City. The winner received the conference's automatic bid to the NCAA Tournament.
Czesław Prądzyński
Czesław Prądzyński (born 24 August 1960 in Piece) is a Polish former sprinter who specialised in the 200 metres. He represented his country in the 4 × 100 metres relay at the 1983 World Championships finishing sixth in the final. He later won a bronze medal at the 1984 Friendship Games which were organised for the countries boycotting the 1984 Summer Olympics.

Friendship Games
The 1984 Friendship Games, or Friendship-84 (Russian: Дружба-84, Druzhba-84), was an international multi-sport event held between 2 July and 16 September 1984 in the Soviet Union and eight other Eastern Bloc states which boycotted the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles.

Although Friendship Games officials denied that the Games were a counter-Olympic event to avoid conflicts with the International Olympic Committee, the competition was often dubbed the Soviet Bloc's "alternative Olympics". Some fifty states took part in the competition. While the boycotting countries were represented by their strongest athletes, other states sent their reserve teams, consisting of athletes who failed to qualify for the games in Los Angeles.
Drylands (album)
Drylands is Mel Parsons' third album, released on 10 April 2015 on Cape Road Recordings. The album was recorded in engineer Lee Prebble's Surgery Studios in Wellington, New Zealand. One of the songs Parsons wrote was a duet, and she decided to cold e-mail Ron Sexsmith to see if he would perform the other half of the song "Don't Wait", and he agreed. Along with Ron Sexsmith, the album showcases local and international guest musicians Anika Moa, Vyvienne Long, and Trevor Hutchinson. Another song on the album, "Get Out Alive", is the result of her writing about a dangerous car accident she was in where the car rolled four times and was totaled, but she walked out without serious injury, but found herself re-evaluating her life for a time.

Anika Moa
Anika Rose Moa (born 21 May 1980) is a New Zealand recording artist and television presenter. Her debut studio album Thinking Room, was released in September 2001, which reached number one on the New Zealand Albums Chart and provided two Top 5 singles, "Youthful" (2001) and "Falling in Love Again" (2002). Moa competed at the Rockquest songwriting contest in 1998, which led to a recording contract. She is the subject of two documentaries by film-maker Justin Pemberton: 3 Chords and the Truth: the Anika Moa Story (2003), detailing her signing to a record label and the release of Thinking Room, and In Bed with Anika Moa (2010) on her later career.
Effler
Effler is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Anamaria Effler, Romanian-American physicist

Johann Friedrich Heinrich Effler (1772–1837), German clergyman and teacher

Louis Effler (1888–1978), American physician and writer

Anamaria Effler
Anamaria Effler is a Romanian and American physicist who studies gravity waves as a scientist in the LIGO experiment at Livingston, Louisiana. Her work at LIGO involves tracking down and removing sources of noise in the LIGO gravity wave detector.
2017 PBA draft
The 2017 Philippine Basketball Association (PBA) rookie draft was an event that allowed teams to draft players from the amateur ranks. It was held at the Midtown Atrium, Robinsons Place Manila on October 29, 2017. The league determined the drafting order based on the performance of the member teams from the 2016–17 season, with the worst team picking first. The San Miguel Beermen selected first overall after a trade with the Kia Picanto.

Larry Fonacier
Larry Alexander Nacua Fonacier (born May 13, 1982) is a Filipino former professional basketball player. He previously served as the team manager for the NLEX Road Warriors of the Philippine Basketball Association (PBA). He was drafted fourteenth overall by the Red Bull Barako in the 2005 PBA draft. Nicknamed the "Babyface Assassin", he became known as a reliable three-point shooter and reliable defender.
Hans Bender
Hans Bender (5 February 1907 – 7 May 1991) was a German lecturer on the subject of parapsychology, who was also responsible for establishing the parapsychological institute Institut für Grenzgebiete der Psychologie und Psychohygiene in Freiburg. For many years his pipe smoking, contemplative figure was synonymous with German parapsychology.  He was an investigator of 'unusual human experience', e.g. poltergeists and clairvoyants. One of his most famous cases was the Rosenheim Poltergeist.

Clairvoyance
Clairvoyance (/klɛərˈvɔɪ.əns/; from French  clair 'clear' and  voyance 'vision') is the claimed ability to acquire information that would be considered impossible to get through scientifically proven sensations, thus classified as extrasensory perception, or "sixth sense". Any person who is claimed to have such ability is said to be a clairvoyant (/klɛərˈvɔɪ.ənt/) ('one who sees clearly').

Claims for the existence of paranormal and psychic abilities such as clairvoyance have not been supported by scientific evidence. Parapsychology explores this possibility, but the existence of the paranormal is not accepted by the scientific community. The scientific community widely considers parapsychology, including the study of clairvoyance, a pseudoscience.
Léon Van Hove
Léon Charles Prudent Van Hove (10 February 1924 – 2 September 1990) was a Belgian physicist and a Director General of CERN. He developed a scientific career spanning mathematics, solid state physics, elementary particle and nuclear physics to cosmology.

Nuclear physics
Nuclear physics is the field of physics that studies atomic nuclei and their constituents and interactions, in addition to the study of other forms of nuclear matter.

Nuclear physics should not be confused with atomic physics, which studies the atom as a whole, including its electrons.

Discoveries in nuclear physics have led to applications in many fields such as nuclear power, nuclear weapons, nuclear medicine and magnetic resonance imaging, industrial and agricultural isotopes, ion implantation in materials engineering, and radiocarbon dating in geology and archaeology. Such applications are studied in the field of nuclear engineering.

Particle physics evolved out of nuclear physics and the two fields are typically taught in close association. Nuclear astrophysics, the application of nuclear physics to astrophysics, is crucial in explaining the inner workings of stars and the origin of the chemical elements.
Shi Shen (crater)
Shi Shen is a crater on the far side of the Moon. It lies to the northwest of the large walled plain Schwarzschild, and the south-southeast of the crater Nansen along the north-northeastern limb. Shi Shen is located in the region of the lunar surface that is sometimes brought into view of the Earth due to libration, but even then it is viewed from the edge and not much detail can be seen.

This is an old, eroded crater with an outer rim that is rounded and somewhat irregular. The northern part of the rim has a wider inner wall, and there is a small crater along the north-northwestern edge. The interior floor is relatively level, but uneven, particularly in the northern half.

Libration
In lunar astronomy, libration is the cyclic variation in the apparent position of the Moon that is perceived by observers on the Earth and caused by changes between the orbital and rotational planes of the moon. It causes an observer to see slightly different hemispheres of the surface at different times. It is similar in both cause and effect to the changes in the Moon's apparent size because of changes in distance. It is caused by three mechanisms detailed below, two of which cause a relatively tiny physical libration via tidal forces exerted by the Earth. Such true librations are known as well for other moons with locked rotation.

The quite different phenomenon of a trojan asteroid's movement has been called Trojan libration, and Trojan libration point means Lagrangian point.
Izatha dulcior
Izatha dulcior is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand. This species is classified as "At Risk, Naturally Uncommon" by the Department of Conservation. I. dulcior is the first lepidoptera species described as endemic to the Poor Knights Islands.

Poor Knights Islands
The Poor Knights Islands (Māori: Tawhiti Rahi) are a group of islands off the east coast of the Northland Region of the North Island of New Zealand. They lie 50 kilometres (31 mi) to the northeast of Whangārei, and 22 kilometres (14 mi) offshore halfway between Bream Head and Cape Brett. Uninhabited since the 1820s, they are a nature reserve and popular underwater diving spot, with boat tours typically departing from Tutukaka. The Poor Knights Islands Marine Reserve surrounds the island.

Historian John Beaglehole (1955) comments that the origin of the islands' name is not clear, and speculates that the name could be related to the Poor Knights of Windsor, or that the islands were named for their resemblance to Poor Knight's Pudding, a bread-based dish topped with egg and fried, popular at the time of discovery by Europeans.
Nowpora Kalan Sopore
Nowpora Kalan Sopore is a village situated approximately two kilometres from the main town of Sopore, Jammu and Kashmir. The second-largest fruit market in Asia, is located in this village. The village is a part of Baramulla Lok Sabha constituency and Sopore Assembly constituency, and is divided into two parts Nowpora A and Nowpora B.

Baramulla Lok Sabha constituency
Baramulla Lok Sabha constituency is one of the five Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Jammu and Kashmir in northern India. The 2024 election from this constituency was won by a Kashmiri separatist Engineer Rashid.