hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Wang Ziling
Wang Ziling (Chinese: 王子凌; pinyin: Wáng Zǐlíng, born 14 February 1972) is a Chinese former volleyball player who competed in the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta. She won a silver medal with the Chinese team at the 1998 FIVB World Championship in Japan.

1998 FIVB Women's Volleyball World Championship
The 1998 FIVB Women's World Championship was the thirteenth edition of the tournament, organized by the world's governing body, the FIVB. It was held from 3 to 12 November 1998 in Tokyo, Tokuyama, Matsumoto, Kagoshima, Nagoya, Fukuoka, and Osaka, Japan.
Milak
Milak is a city and a municipal board in Rampur district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.In field of legal education there is one Law college at village Guladia Bhatt Milak–Bilaspur road in name of Rampur College of Law Milak imparting legal education among students in whole Rampur district. Also there are several inter college and 3 degree colleges nearby:  Rambahadur Degree college, Shri Hansraj Degree College, Shri Hira Mahavidyalaya.

Its nearby cities are Rampur, Rudrapur and Bareilly.

Township
A township is a form of human settlement or administrative subdivision. Its exact definition varies among countries.

Although the term is occasionally associated with an urban area, this tends to be an exception to the rule. In Australia, Canada, Scotland, and parts of the United States, the term refers to settlements too small or scattered to be considered urban.
Glycoside hydrolase family 108
In molecular biology, glycoside hydrolase family 108 is a family of glycoside hydrolases.

Glycoside hydrolases EC 3.2.1. are a widespread group of enzymes that hydrolyse the glycosidic bond between two or more carbohydrates, or between a carbohydrate and a non-carbohydrate moiety. A classification system for glycoside hydrolases, based on sequence similarity, has led to the definition of >100 different families. This classification is available on the CAZy web site, and also discussed at CAZypedia, an online encyclopedia of carbohydrate active enzymes.

Glycoside hydrolase family 108 CAZY GH_108 includes enzymes with lysozyme (N-acetylmuramidase) EC 3.2.1.17 activity. A glutamic acid residue within a conserved Glu-Gly-Gly-Tyr motif is essential for catalytic activity. In bacteria, it may activate the secretion of large proteins via the breaking and rearrangement of the peptidoglycan layer during secretion.

Secretion
Secretion is the movement of material from one point to another, such as a secreted chemical substance from a cell or gland. In contrast, excretion is the removal of certain substances or waste products from a cell or organism. The classical mechanism of cell secretion is via secretory portals at the plasma membrane called porosomes. Porosomes are permanent cup-shaped lipoprotein structures embedded in the cell membrane, where secretory vesicles transiently dock and fuse to release intra-vesicular contents from the cell.

Secretion in bacterial species means the transport or translocation of effector molecules. For example, proteins, enzymes or toxins (such as cholera toxin in pathogenic bacteria e.g. Vibrio cholerae) move from across the interior (cytoplasm or cytosol) of a bacterial cell to its exterior. Secretion is a very important mechanism in bacterial functioning and operation in their natural surrounding environment for adaptation and survival.
2002 Arizona Senate election
The 2002 Arizona Senate election was held on November 5, 2002. Voters elected members of the Arizona Senate in all 30 of the state's legislative districts to serve a two-year term. These were the first elections following the 2000 redistricting cycle, which moved many incumbents into new districts. Primary elections were held on September 10, 2002.

Prior to the elections, the Senate was evenly divided between the Republicans and Democrats in a 15-to-15 tie.

Following the election, Republicans took unitary control of the chamber with 17 Republicans to 13 Democrats, a net gain of two seats for Republicans.

The newly elected senators served in the 46th Arizona State Legislature.

Arizona Democratic Party
The Arizona Democratic Party is the affiliate of the Democratic Party in the U.S. state of Arizona. Its headquarters are in Phoenix, Arizona.

Along with its main rival, the Arizona Republican Party, it is one of two major parties in the state. The Arizona Democratic Party's electoral representation has increased in recent years; as of 2025, the party controls the offices of governor, secretary of state, and attorney general; both of the state's U.S. Senate seats; and two out of the state's nine U.S. House seats.
Pivdenmash
The State Enterprise "Production Amalgamation 'Southern Machine-Building Plant named after O.M. Makarov'", officially abbreviated as Pivdenmash (Ukrainian: Південмаш) and previously as Yuzhmash (Russian: Южмаш, lit. 'Southern Mechanical Engineering'), is a Ukrainian state-owned aerospace and defence manufacturer. Prior to 1991, it was a Soviet state-owned factory.

Pivdenmash produces spacecraft, launch vehicles (rockets), liquid-propellant rockets, landing gears, castings, forgings, tractors, tools, and industrial products. The company is headquartered in Dnipro, and reports to the State Space Agency of Ukraine. It works with international aerospace partners in 23 countries.

Liquid-propellant rocket
Liquid rocket fuel.

Oxidizer.

Pumps carry the fuel and oxidizer.

The combustion chamber mixes and burns the two liquids.

Combustion product gasses enter the nozzle through a throat.

Exhaust exits the rocket.

A liquid-propellant rocket or liquid rocket uses a rocket engine burning liquid propellants. (Alternate approaches use gaseous or solid propellants.) Liquids are desirable propellants because they have reasonably high density and their combustion products have high specific impulse (Isp). This allows the volume of the propellant tanks to be relatively low.
Phytophthora syringae
Phytophthora syringae is an oomycete plant pathogen known to infect nursery plants, particularly apple and pear trees. It infects plants through wounded areas and is most pathogenic during cold, wet weather.

Pear
Pears are fruits produced and consumed around the world, growing on a tree and are harvested in late summer into mid-autumn. The pear tree and shrub are a species of genus Pyrus /ˈpaɪrəs/, in the family Rosaceae, bearing the pomaceous fruit of the same name. Several species of pears are valued for their edible fruit and juices, while others are cultivated as trees.

The tree is medium-sized and native to coastal and mildly temperate regions of Europe, North Africa, and Asia. Pear wood is one of the preferred materials in the manufacture of high-quality woodwind instruments and furniture.

About 3,000 known varieties of pears are grown worldwide, which vary in both shape and taste. The fruit is consumed fresh, canned, as juice, dried, or fermented as perry.
Drudwas ap Tryffin
Drudwas ap Tryffin is a knight of King Arthur's court in early Arthurian mythology and the owner of the magical Adar Llwch Gwin. His father, Tryffin, is described as the king of Denmark, while his sister, Erdudwyl, was, according to The Death of Drudwas, supposedly a “mistress” of Arthur.

Matter of Britain
The Matter of Britain (French: matière de Bretagne; Welsh: Mater Prydain; Cornish: Mater Brythain; Breton: Afer Breizh-Veur) is the body of medieval literature and legendary material associated with Great Britain and Brittany and the legendary kings and heroes associated with it, particularly King Arthur. The 12th-century writer Geoffrey of Monmouth's Historia Regum Britanniae (History of the Kings of Britain) is a central component of the Matter of Britain.

It was one of the three great Western story cycles recalled repeatedly in medieval literature, together with the Matter of France, which concerned the legends of Charlemagne and his companions, as well as the Matter of Rome, which included material derived from or inspired by classical mythology and classical history. Its pseudo-chronicle and chivalric romance works, written both in prose and verse, flourished from the 12th to the 16th century.
Janet Sawicki
Janet Sawicki is an American cancer researcher, and professor emeritus and former deputy director of the Lankenau Institute for Medical Research. Her research is focused on the preclinical development of treatments for cancers using DNA and siRNA.

Sawicki earned her B.A. in biology from the University of Delaware in 1971, her PhD in genetics from Cornell University in 1976, worked as a postdoc at Yale University, and then with Charles Epstein at University of California, San Francisco. In 1981, Sawicki moved back to the Wistar Institute in Philadelphia, first as a research associate and then as assistant professor. She also served as assistant professor of human genetics in the associated faculty of the University of Pennsylvania’s school of medicine. In 1990, Sawicki moved her lab to LIMR, where she and her team are developing new therapeutic strategies for improving the treatment of metastatic cancer.

Lankenau Institute for Medical Research
Lankenau Institute for Medical Research (LIMR), founded in 1927, is a nonprofit, biomedical research institute located on the campus of Lankenau Medical Center in Wynnewood, Pennsylvania, serving as the research division of the Main Line Health system in suburban Philadelphia. LIMR focuses on studies of cancer, cardiovascular, autoimmune, gastrointestinal and other diseases.
Chekhovskiye Medvedi
Chekhovskie Medvedi (Russian: Чеховские Медведи, English: Chekhov Bears) is a professional handball club from Chekhov, Moscow Oblast, Russia. They compete in the Russian Handball Super League and in the SEHA League. After the launching of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, the European Handball Federation in February 2022 temporarily suspended the team.

The organization was founded in 2001 on the basis of the disbanded original CSKA Moscow Handball Club.

SEHA League
The South East Handball Association League, or simply the SEHA League, was a regional men's club handball league in Southeast Europe, featuring teams from Croatia, Hungary, North Macedonia, Serbia and Slovakia in its final West season. Due to sponsorship reasons, the league was also known as the Gazprom League (or the Gazprom South Stream League earlier). The league exists alongside scaled-down national leagues of the participating nations and all of SEHA League teams join their respective country's own competitions in late spring after the SEHA League regular season and post-season have been completed. 2011–12 was the first season of the competition, with Vardar from Skopje becoming the first champions.
Marjorie M.K. Hlava
Marjorie M.K. Hlava is an American information scientist and the founder, former president, and chair of Access Innovations, Inc. She has served as president of the National Federation of Advanced Information Services (NFAIS) and the Association for Information Science and Technology (ASIS&T).

National Federation of Advanced Information Services
National Federation of Advanced Information Services (NFAIS) was a United States non-profit institutional membership organization of content and technology providers, specifically those that support the authoritative information needs and activities of professionals across a spectrum of scholarly disciplines and fields of research. The organization provided analysis, news alerts and educational services to its more than sixty members. On July 1, 2019, NFAIS merged with the National Information Standards Organization and ceased independent operations.
Brad North
Brad North (born January 21, 1985) is an American retired soccer player and now businessman.  A 6'1", 190 lb. forward from Northwestern University, North was a two-time All Big Ten first team selection, scoring 28 goals (10 GWG), 8 assists over a four-year career, and a three-time Big Ten Academic All-Conference Team.  North was the first player from Northwestern U. to be picked in the MLS SuperDraft.

MLS SuperDraft
The MLS SuperDraft is an annual college draft for teams of Major League Soccer in the United States and Canada in which MLS clubs take turns selecting from a pool of eligible amateur players. These drafted players usually come from university teams competing in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). It takes place in December or January and is used by teams to select players who have graduated from college or otherwise been signed by the league. The SuperDraft was first instituted in 2000, as a combination of the MLS College Draft, in which players having graduated from college were selected, and the MLS Supplemental Draft, in which all other players were chosen. The draft is divided into three rounds in which each club has a selection, the order of which is determined by a combination of the teams' playoff and regular season positions, with the last placed team (or expansion teams) getting the first pick.
Leslie Jones (comedian)
Annette Leslie Jones (born September 7, 1967) is an American stand-up comedian and actress. She was a cast member and writer for the NBC sketch comedy series Saturday Night Live from 2014 to 2019, and hosted the ABC game show Supermarket Sweep. She has also been a featured performer at the Just for Laughs festival in Montreal and the Aspen Comedy Festival. In 2010, her one-hour comedy special, Problem Child, was broadcast on Showtime. Jones starred in Ghostbusters (2016) as Patty Tolan. In 2017 and 2018, Jones was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series for her work on Saturday Night Live.

The Comedy Festival
The Comedy Festival, formerly known as the US Comedy Arts Festival, was a comedy festival that ran from 1995 to 2008. The festival included stand-up comedy performances, appearances by the casts of television shows, and has a film component called the Film Discovery Program.
Kálfafell
Kálfafell (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈkʰaulvaˌfɛtl̥]) is a hamlet in south east Iceland, near the Vatnajökull glacier.  It is in the municipality of Hornafjörður.

64°10′50″N 15°52′33″W﻿ / ﻿64.18056°N 15.87583°W﻿ / 64.18056; -15.87583

Vatnajökull
Vatnajökull (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈvahtnaˌjœːkʏtl̥] ⓘ, literally "Glacier of Lakes"; sometimes translated as Vatna Glacier in English) is the largest and most voluminous ice cap in Iceland, and the second largest in area in Europe after the Severny Island ice cap of Novaya Zemlya. It is in the south-east of the island, covering approximately 8% of the country.
Jake Garn Airport
Jake Garn Airport (FAA LID: 17U) was a privately owned public-use airport 3 nautical miles (6 km) southwest of the central business district of Eagle Mountain, a city in Utah County, Utah, United States. The airport opened in May 2000 and closed in 2018.

Eagle Mountain, Utah
Eagle Mountain is a city in Utah County, Utah. It is part of the Provo–Orem metropolitan area. The city is located to the west as well as north of the Lake Mountains, which are west of Utah Lake. It was incorporated in December 1996 and reclassified as a third-class city on September 4, 2001. Based on current Utah code a municipality achieves "third-class” city status with a population of 30,000 or more but less than 65,000. Eagle Mountain reached a population of 32,179 in 2017 and an estimated 60,575 by 2024, cementing its reputation as one of the fastest-growing communities in the state’s recent history.
City of Milton Keynes
The City of Milton Keynes is a borough in Buckinghamshire, England. The borough was created in 1974 and is named after its main settlement, Milton Keynes, which had been designated as a new town seven years earlier in 1967. It is the northernmost district of the South East England Region. The borough abuts Bedfordshire, Northamptonshire and the remainder of Buckinghamshire. The borough was awarded city status in 2022. It is administered by Milton Keynes City Council, which has been a unitary authority since 1997.

The principal built-up area in the borough is the Milton Keynes urban area, which accounts for about 20% of its area and 90% of its population. The borough also includes many rural areas surrounding the Milton Keynes urban area, especially to the north, containing several villages and the town of Olney. At the 2021 census, the population of the borough was just over 287,000.

New towns in the United Kingdom
The new towns in the United Kingdom were planned under the powers of the New Towns Act 1946 (9 & 10 Geo. 6. c. 68) and later acts to relocate people from poor or bombed-out housing following World War II. Designated new towns were placed under the supervision of a development corporation, and were developed in three waves. Later developments included the "expanded towns": existing towns which were substantially expanded to accommodate what was called the "overspill" population from densely populated areas of deprivation.
SJ Mg
Mg is an electric locomotive used by Swedish State Railways (Swedish: Statens Järnvägar, SJ) for hauling freight trains. It was built in 17 copies by ASEA and was in service until 1980.

The Mg-series was built for the electrification of Norra Stambanan in the 1940s. It was steeper and more curved than the main lines in Southern Sweden, and single-track sections meant that long freight trains had to be used to make best use of line capacity. The D-series was not powerful enough and the Of-series was too long for the curves. But as experience of the building of bogie-locomotives increased, a Co'Co'-design was chosen for Mg, as the first bogie-locomotive in Sweden. More power also meant that the direct current motors from the D-series had to be replaced with the alternating current motors of the F-series. The machine room was not symmetric, so the loco was not the same on the right and left side. The Mg was the basis for the Ma-series built in the 1950s.

Northern Main Line
The Northern Main Line (Swedish: Norra stambanan) is a 268-kilometre (167 mi) long electrified railway in Sweden, between Gävle or Storvik and Ånge. The railway consists of single track except the parts between Mo grindar and Holmsveden, Kilafors and Bollnäs, and Ramsjö and Ovansjö, a total of 91 kilometres (57 mi) double track.

The railway passes Gävle or Storvik, Ockelbo, Ljusdal and Ånge.
Adobe Flash Lite
Adobe Flash Lite (formerly Macromedia Flash Lite) is a discontinued lightweight version of Adobe Flash Player, a software application published by Adobe Systems for viewing Flash content. Flash Lite operates on devices that Flash Player cannot, such as mobile phones and other portable electronic devices like Wii, Chumby and Iriver.

Flash Lite allows users of these devices to view multimedia content and applications developed using Adobe's Flash tools, which had previously been available only on personal computers. As of 2014, Flash Lite has been superseded by Adobe AIR as the primary development platform for mobile Flash content.

Lightweight software
In computing, lightweight software also called lightweight program and lightweight application, is a computer program that is designed to have a small memory footprint (RAM usage) and low CPU usage, overall a low usage of system resources. To achieve this, the software should avoid software bloat and code bloat and try to find the best algorithm efficiency.
South Fillmore Township, Montgomery County, Illinois
South Fillmore Township was a civil township of Montgomery County, Illinois, United States, including the community of Van Burensburg. It consisted of the northern two-thirds of survey Township 7 North, Range 2 West of the Third Principal Meridian.

Van Burensburg, Illinois
Van Burensburg is an unincorporated community in Fillmore Township, Montgomery County, Illinois, United States. Van Burensburg is located on Illinois Route 185, 11.3 miles (18.2 km) west-northwest of Vandalia.
Jungshahi
Jungshahi, also spelled Jang Shahi, is a town located in Thatta District of Sindh province, Pakistan. Situated to the east of Karachi, it serves as a Union Council within the Thatta tehsil. Jungshahi is located 21 kilometres (13 mi) away of the district capital, Thatta. During British rule, the North Western Railway connected the town to Karachi.

In 1949, Major General Muhammed Iftikhar Khan, who was set to become the first native commander of the Pakistan Army following the retirement of Sir Douglas Gracey, died in an air crash near the city.

North Western State Railway
The North Western State Railway (NWSR) was formed in January 1886 from the merger of the Scinde, Punjab & Delhi Railway, the Indus Valley State Railway, the Punjab Northern State Railway, the eastern section of the Sind–Sagar Railway and the southern section of the Sind–Pishin State Railway and the Kandahar State Railway.
Dalia Grybauskaitė
Dalia Grybauskaitė (Lithuanian pronunciation: [dɐˈlʲɛ ɡʲrʲiːbɐʊsˈkɐ̂ˑɪtʲeː]; born 1 March 1956) is a Lithuanian politician who served as the eighth president of Lithuania from 2009 to 2019. She is the first and so far only woman to hold the position and in 2014 she became the first President of Lithuania to be reelected for a second consecutive term.

Grybauskaitė has served as Minister of Finance, as well as European Commissioner for Financial Programming and the Budget from 2004 to 2009. She is often referred to as the "Iron Lady" or the "Steel Magnolia".

Black belt
In East Asian martial arts, the black belt is associated with expertise, but may indicate only competence, depending on the martial art. The use of colored belts is a relatively recent invention dating from the 1880s.
Linn Shuttle
The Linn Shuttle bus system serves the Sweet Home and Linn County, Oregon area. It operates a fixed-route shuttle service around Sweet Home, serving Sweet Home, Albany, and Lebanon in Linn County. The shuttle also connects to Albany Transit, Linn-Benton Loop, Corvallis Transit, Greyhound and Amtrak.

In 2015, the Linn Shuttle added two Blue Bird Vision Propane buses to its fleet, used primarily on the main Linn Shuttle route. The Linn Shuttle also uses 2013 Freightliner buses. The Linn Shuttle still uses a Chevrolet bus and a Ford bus as back-up buses.

Shuttle bus
A shuttle bus is a bus that travels a shorter route in comparison to most bus routes. Typically, shuttle buses travel in both directions between two points. Shuttle buses are designed to transport large groups of people who are all travelling to and from a specific destination in a more organised manner. Shuttle buses can be used for several applications, such as transporting university students or transporting people from airports to hotels.
Yoshitoshi Mori
Yoshitoshi Mori (森 義利, Mori Yoshitoshi; October 31, 1898 - May 29, 1992) was a Japanese artist who specialized in kappazuri stencil prints. He was for many years a member of the mingei folk craft movement, and was close with Yanagi Sōetsu, founder of the movement, and Serizawa Keisuke, among others, producing stencil-dyed textiles and other textiles arts before turning to prints later in his career.

Yoshitoshi is said to have influenced several major 20th century print artists, including Shikō Munakata and Hiromitsu Takahashi.

His colorful works generally depict scenes from the kabuki theatre, or subjects related to folk traditions and festivals. Art collector Ren Brown writes that Yoshitoshi's "figures are most often rendered with a simplicity that manages to denote great energy and movement. ... Mori is known for using earthy colors in his work, and for often positioning his figures in a somewhat contorted and dynamic mass."

Mingei
The concept of mingei (民芸), variously translated into English as "folk craft", "folk art" or "popular art", was developed from the mid-1920s in Japan by a philosopher and aesthete, Yanagi Sōetsu (1889–1961), together with a group of craftsmen, including the potters Hamada Shōji (1894–1978) and Kawai Kanjirō (1890–1966). As such, it was a conscious attempt to distinguish ordinary crafts and functional utensils (pottery, lacquerware, textiles, and so on) from "higher" forms of art – at the time much admired by people during a period when Japan was going through rapid westernisation, industrialisation, and urbanization. In some ways, therefore, mingei may be seen as a reaction to Japan's rapid modernisation processes.